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Joe Shuster Award

2015-06-04T21:19:30Z

192.75.165.28: /* Overview */

{{Infobox award
| name = Joe Shuster Award
| current_awards =
| image = JoeShusterAward2007Logo.jpg
| imagesize =
| alt = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| caption = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| description = Outstanding achievements in [[Canadian comics]]
| presenter = [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]]
| host =
| date = 
| location =
| country = [[Canada]]
| reward =
| year =
| year2 =
| holder =
| website = http://www.joeshusterawards.com
| network =
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}}
The '''Joe Shuster Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards''' (or '''Joe Shuster Awards''') are given out annually for outstanding achievements in the creation of [[comic books]], [[graphic novels]], [[webcomics]], and comics retailers and publishers by [[Canadian comics|Canadians]]. The awards, first handed out in April 2005, are named in honour of [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), the Canadian-born co-creator of [[Superman]].

The [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]] is a not-for-profit organization formed in 2004 to administer the awards.

==Overview==
The Joe Shuster Awards are comic book industry oriented awards that recognize the achievements of [[Canadian]] citizens and permanent residents.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} Founded initially as an English language comics award the criteria has been changed and refined since 2006 to be inclusive of all works published in Canada (see Language Criteria). The majority of the awards were initially committee-nominated, public-vote awards,{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} with write-in nominations accepted for the International Creator award.{{sfn|Stump|2005a}} This was changed in 2008 to a committee-nominated, jury-selected model, with publishers nominating works within the relevant award category.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} The model established in 2008 was designed to eliminate voter bias and [[ballot stuffing]]. The jury deliberates until they agree on a winner, discussing the merits of each candidate.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}}

They are named after Canadian-born cartoonist [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), who co-created [[Superman]] in 1938.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}} The award, which focuses on professionally published and distributed comics from all publishers including those designated as mainstream such as DC Comics and Marvel Comics, is complemented by the [[Doug Wright Award]]s, which focuses on alternative comics, cartooning, and comic strips and avoid mainstream published works.{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}}.

From the Joe Shuster Award webite: "When it comes to defining comics our job is to be as INCLUSIVE as possible when narrowing the selections down to an EXCLUSIVE number of annual nominees – there is only one winner in each category though! We strive to ensure that our nominates represent the entire country’s output – whether that output is in English or French (Canada’s two official languages) or in other languages – the central defining characteristic of our nominees are that they are Canadian. We don’t censure Canadian creators who work with non-Canadian publishing houses – while Canada is a large and diverse country, for the creative awards, there are a very limited number of Canadian publishers."

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
The late Harry Kremer, owner of Now & Then Books in [[Regional Municipality of Waterloo|Kitchener-Waterloo]], [[Ontario]], was a true pioneer in the industry and a constant and tireless promoter and patron of the medium and owner one of the first comic book specialty stores in Canada. His memory is kept alive in the award that has been named after him – the Outstanding Canadian Comic Book Retailer Award.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} The Award was given to Kremer's store in 2005, with open voting from 2006 onwards.{{sfn|Stump|2006b}}

===Gene Day Self-Publisher Award===
Named after the late comics artist and self-publisher [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982), this award honours Canadian comic book creators or creative teams who self-published their work, but did not have the books distributed by a third party distributor. The award winner receives a bursary of $500. The award was introduced in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shuster Awards Announce Honor Named for Gene Day|url=http://www.comicbookbin.com/joeshusterawardsnews001.html|publisher=Comic Book Bin|accessdate=13 September 2012|date=May 3, 2009}}</ref> Prior to this, Dave Sim had established a Gene Day award distributed annually at the [[Small Press and Alternative Comics Expo]] in [[Columbus, Ohio]] from 2002 to 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.backporchcomics.com/space.htm |title=SPACE |publisher=BackPorchComics.com |accessdate=2011-07-18}}</ref>

===Comics For Kids Award===
This award, established in 2004,{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} Works considered for this award are comic books and graphic novels that are targeted at readers 14 and under. Nominees are selected by a team of educators led by Jennifer Haines, MA, B.Ed., who is also the proprietor of Guelph, Ontario’s The Dragon comic book shop.{{citation needed|date=September 2012}}

===Canadian Comic Book Creator Hall of Fame===
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
Includes dozens of creators such as [[Hal Foster]], [[Win Mortimer]], [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]], [[Dave Sim]] and more.{{citation needed|date=September 2012}}

==Language Criteria==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards honour original work published during the previous calendar year in any language. However, Canada has two official languages - French and English, so extra research and attention is given to works published in the two official languages. In order to ensure that bilingual works are included on the ballot, two nominating committees select the finalists in each official language and the finalists are merged for the announced ballot. The nominated books are then given to jury members who can read both official languages for equal consideration.{{citation needed|date=September 2012}}

==Citizenship and residency==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards are open to all Canadian citizens.

Canadian citizens who have chosen to reside outside of Canada are still eligible for consideration, unless they contact the Awards organization and notify them that they have surrendered their Canadian citizenship and no longer wish to be considered for their recent work as a Canadian citizen.

Non-Canadians who have achieved permanent residency status in Canada are also eligible for consideration. In order to be considered for inclusion as a resident, the individual must have lived in Canada for three years. Permanent residents who do not wish to be considered may opt out of the Awards program before the selection process begins by sending a statement in writing to the Awards organization. If an approved permanent resident moves away from Canada, they are no longer considered eligible for the awards.

==Categories==

Categories and winners of Joe Shuster Awards are as follows:

===Outstanding Achievement===
*2005 [[Dave Sim]] and [[Gerhard (comics artist)|Gerhard]] for completing ''[[Cerebus]]'' in 2004. Begun in 1977, this 300-issue series is a milestone in comic book publishing and is the longest running creator-owned comic book series.{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006-2007 No winner
* 2008 David Watkins for using comic books as a teaching tool.
* 2009 Category suspended

===Outstanding Artist===
* 2005 [[Kaare Andrews]] for ''[[Spider-Man]]/[[Doctor Octopus]]: Year One'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Pia Guerra]] for ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]]) and a story in ''[[Spider-Man]] Unlimited'' #10 (published by [[Marvel Comics]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] and [[J. Bone]] for ''[[Batman/The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Dale Eaglesham]] for ''[[Justice Society of America]]'' #2-4, 6-7, 9-11 ([[DC Comics]])
* 2009 [[David Finch (comics)|David Finch]] for ''[[Ultimatum (Ultimate Marvel)|Ultimatum]]'' #1-2{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Stuart Immonen]] for ''[[Ultimate Spider-Man]] 130-133'', ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]] 55-60'', ''[[Fantastic Four]] 569'' (Marvel), ''The CBLDF Presents Liberty Comics 2 – "Trampoline Hall"'' (Image Comics){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Francis Manapul]] for [[Adventure Comics]]#6, [[The Flash]]#1-6, [[Superman/Batman]]#75 ([[DC Comics]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Stuart Immonen]] for [["Fear Itself (comics)|"Fear Itself]] #1-7; "Queen, King, Off-Suit"/''X-Men: To Serve and Protect'' #4; "Say You're Dead"/''Outlaw Territory'' Volume 2{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Isabelle Arsenault]] for "[[Jane, le renard & moi]]" aka [[Jane, the Fox & I]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 [[Fiona Staples]] for ''Saga'' 9-17 (published by [[Image Comics|Image]])<ref name=JSAwinners2014>"[http://joeshusterawards.com/2014/09/20/the-winners-of-the-2014-joe-shuster-awards/ The winners of the 2014 Joe Shuster Awards]", September 20, 2014</ref>

===Outstanding Cartoonist (writer and artist)===
* 2005 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[DC: The New Frontier]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Bryan Lee O'Malley]] for ''[[Scott Pilgrim]]'' Vol. 2 (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Spirit (comics)|The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Jeff Lemire]] for ''[[Essex County Trilogy|Essex County]] Vol. 1: Tales From The Farm'', ''Essex County Vol. 2: Ghost Stories'' ([[Top Shelf Productions|Top Shelf]])
* 2009 [[Dave Sim]] for ''[[Glamourpuss]] #1-4'' and ''Judenhass''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''Paul, tome 06: [[Paul à Québec]]'' ([[La Pastèque]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Tin Can Forest]] for [[Baba Yaga and the Wolf]] ([[Koyama Press]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Ramon K Pérez]] for ''[[Jim Henson's Tale of Sand]]''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Jeff Lemire]] for [[The Underwater Welder]] and [[Sweet Tooth (Vertigo)|Sweet Tooth]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 [[Zviane]] (Sylvie-Anne Ménard) for ''Les deuxièmes'' (published by Pow Pow)<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===Outstanding Publisher===
* 2005 [[Arcana Studio]]{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2007 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2008 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2009 [[Les 400 coups]] / [[Mécanique Générale]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[La Pastèque]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Koyama Press]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category suspended

===Outstanding Writer===
* 2005 (tie) [[Samm Barnes]] for ''[[Doctor Spectrum]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 (tie) [[Ty Templeton]] for ''The [[Batman Adventures]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[J. Torres]] for ''[[Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight]]'' and ''[[Teen Titans Go!]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]), and ''[[Love As A Foreign Language]]'' (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Superman Confidential]]'' #1-2 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Cecil Castellucci]] for ''[[The P.L.A.I.N. Janes]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]])
* 2009 [[Mariko Tamaki]] for ''[[Skim (graphic novel)|Skim]]'' ([[Groundwood Books]]) and ''[[Emiko Superstar]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Maryse Dubuc]] for ''[[The Bellybuttons|Les Nombrils 4: Duels de belles]]'' ([[Dupuis]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emilie Villeneuve]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Kurtis J. Wiebe]] for [[The Green Wake]] #1-8; [[The Intrepids]] #1-6; "Logan's Lost Lesson"/''Marvel Holiday Special 2011''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Fanny Britt]] for [[Jane, le renard & moi]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & Me]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 [[Kurtis Wiebe]] for ''Rat Queens'' 1-3, ''Peter Panzerfaust'' 8-15, ''Dia De Los Muertos'' 3 "Lonesome" (published by [[Image Comics|Image]])<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===Outstanding WebComic Creator/Creative Team===
* 2007 Dan Kim, for ''April & May & June'', ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''
* 2008 [[Ryan Sohmer]] & [[Lar deSouza]], for ''[[Looking for Group]]'' & ''[[Least I Could Do]]''
* 2009 [[Cameron Stewart]] for ''[[Sin Titulo]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Karl Kerschl]] for ''[[The Abominable Charles Christopher]]''{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emily Carroll]] for ''[[His Face All Red]]'' and more{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Emily Carroll]] for various comics, 2011{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Michael DeForge]] for ''[[Ant Comic]]'' {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 [[Jayd Aït-Kaci]] (with [[Christina Strain]]) for ''The Fox Sister''<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===Outstanding Colourist===
* 2008 [[Dave McCaig]] for ''[[Nextwave]]'', Agents of H.A.T.E. #12, ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]]'' #27-35, ''[[Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America]]'' #1: ''[[Wolverine (comic book)|Wolverine]]'', ''[[Marvel Comics Presents]]'' #1-4, ''[[Wolverine (comic book)|Wolverine]]'' #50, ''[[Avengers (comics)|Avengers]] Classic'' #7 ([[Marvel Comics]]) DC Infinite Halloween Special #1 ([[DC Comics]]), ''[[The Other Side (comics)|The Other Side]]'' #4-5 ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Vertigo (DC Comics)|Vertigo]]) ''[[Stephen Colbert]]’s [[Tek Jansen]]'' #1 ([[Oni Press]])
* 2009 [[François Lapierre]] for ''“Gédéon et la bête du lac” [[Contes et légendes du Québec]]'' (Glénat Québec), ''[[Magasin général]] 4'' (Casterman){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Nathan Fairbairn]] for ''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]] #605, [[Dark Reign: The List]] – X-Men #1, [[Dark X-Men]]: The Confession #1 (Cover), [[Guardians of the Galaxy (2008 team)|Guardians of the Galaxy]] #16, 18-19, [[House of M: Masters of Evil]] #1, [[Marvel Mystery Comics]] 70th Anniversary Special #1, [[Nation X]] #1, [[Realm of Kings]]: Imperial Guard #1-2, [[Timestorm 2009–2099]]: [[Spider-Man]], [[War of Kings]]: Warriors #2, [[Wolverine (comic book)|Wolverine]] #72, [[Wolverine: Origins]] #32, [[Wolverine: Weapon X]] #6-8, [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #39-50, 200 (Variant) (Cover), [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #45, [[X-Men: Kingbreaker]] #2-4, [[Gambit (comics)|X-Men Origins: Gambit]] #1'' (Marvel Comics), ''[[Tek Jansen|Stephen Colbert’s Tek Jansen]] #4-5'' (Oni Press){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Julie Rocheleau (comics)|Julie Rocheleau]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category suspended

===Outstanding Cover (2008-2010) / Cover Artist (2011-)===
* 2008 [[Steve Skroce]] for ''[[Doc Frankenstein]]'' #6 ([[Burlyman Entertainment|Burleyman]])
* 2009 [[Niko Henrichon]] for ''[[Hostile]] Tome 1: Impact'' (Dupuis){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Richard Stark's Parker: The Hunter]]'' (IDW){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Fiona Staples]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[François Lapierre]] for ''Chroniques Sauvages''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Mike Del Mundo]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 [[Julie Rocheleau]] for ''La colère de Fantômas'' tome 1: ''Les Bois de justice'' (published by [[Dargaud]])<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

=== Comics for Kids Award (The Dragon Award) ===
* 2009 ''[[Jellaby]] Book 1'' by [[Kean Soo]] {{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 ''[[Nightschool]]: The Weirn Books Vols.1-2'' ([[Yen Press]]) by [[Svetlana Chmakova]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 ''[[Three Thieves Book One: Tower of Treasure]]'' ([[Kids Can Press]]) by [[Scott Chantler]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 ''[[Ariane et Nicolas]] Tome 6: Les Toiles Mysterieuses'' by [[Paul Roux (comics)|Paul Roux]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 ''[[Cat’s Cradle]] Volume 1: The Golden Twine'' by [[Joe Rioux]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 ''[[Couettes]]'' tome 2: ''Bidou'' and tome 3: ''Adopte-moi !'' by [[Séverine Gauthier]] (writer) and [[MiniKim]] (Maïté Lajic, artist) (published by [[Dargaud]])<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===Gene Day Award for Canadian Self-Publishing (New in 2009)===
* 2009 [[Jesse Jacobs]] for ''[[Blue Winter, Shapes in the Snow]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Ethan Rilly]] for ''[[Pope Hats]]'' No.1{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[John Martz]] for ''[[Heaven All Day]]''{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Dakota McFadzean]] for Ghost Rabbit{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Cory McCallum]] and [[Matthew Daley]] - ''[[The Pig Sleep]]: A Mr. Monitor Case''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 [[Steven Gilbert (comics)|Steven Gilbert]] for ''[[The Journal of the Main Street Secret Lodge]]''<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
* 2005 [[Now & Then Books]] ([[Kitchener, Ontario]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Strange Adventures (comics retailer)|Strange Adventures]] ([[Halifax Urban Area|Halifax, Nova Scotia]])
* 2007 [[Happy Harbor Comics|Happy Harbor]] ([[Edmonton, Alberta]])
* 2008 [[Big B Comics]] ([[Hamilton, Ontario]])
* 2009 [[Legends Comics and Books]] ([[Victoria, British Columbia]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[The Beguiling]] ([[Toronto, Ontario]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Planète BD]] ([[Montréal]], Quebec){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Silver Snail]] (Toronto, Ontario){{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Heroes Comics]] ([[London, Ontario]]){{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 [[The Comic Shop]] ([[Vancouver]], British Columbia)<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===T.M. Maple Award===
New in 2014. "The T.M. Maple Award will go to someone (living or deceased) selected from the Canadian comics community for achievements made outside of the creative and retail categories who have had a positive impact on the community."
* 2014 Jim Burke (1956-1994))<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />
* 2014 Debra Jane Shelly (1974-2014)<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===Hall of Fame Inductees===
* 2005 [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Leo Bachle]] (a.k.a. Les Barker) (1926–2003){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Adrian Dingle (cartoonist)|Adrian Dingle]] (1911–1974){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Hal Foster]] (1892–1982){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Ed Furness]] (1911–2005){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Rand Holmes]] (1942–2002){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Jon St. Ables]] (1912–1999)
* 2006 [[Owen McCarron]] (1929–2005)
* 2006 [[Win Mortimer]] (1919–1998)
* 2006 [[Dave Sim]] (1956–)
* 2007 [[Albert Chartier]] (1912–2004)
* 2007 [[Gerald Lazare]] (1927–)
* 2007 Jacques Hurtubise ([[Zyx (cartoonist)|Zyx]]) (1950–)
* 2007 [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982)
* 2008 [[Ted McCall]] (1901–1975)
* 2008 [[Pierre Fournier (comic books)|Pierre Fournier]] (1949–)
* 2008 [[Stanley Berneche]] (1947–)
* 2008 [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]] (1950–)
* 2009 [[George Menendez Rae]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1906–1992)
* 2009 [[Réal Godbout]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1951–)
* 2009 [[Ken Steacy]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955–)
* 2009 [[Diana Schutz]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955–)
* 2010 [[Dave Darrigo]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954–)
* 2010 [[Serge Gaboury]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954–)
* 2010 [[Deni Loubert]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951–)
* 2010 [[Richard Comely]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1950–) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[George Freeman (comics)|George Freeman]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[Claude St. Aubin]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951–) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2011 [[Chester Brown]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1960–)
* 2011 [[Todd McFarlane]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1961–)
* 2012 No Hall of Fame Inductees
* 2013 [[Vernon Miller (comics)]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}} (1912–1974)
* 2013 [[Murray Karn]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}} (1924–)
* 2013 [[Arn Saba]] now known as Katherine Collins {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}(1947–)
* 2014 [[Cy Bell]] (1904–197?)–)<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />
* 2014 [[Edmond Good]] (1910–1991)–)<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />
* 2014 [[Ty Templeton]] (1962–)<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===Voters Choice - Outstanding International Creator===
* 2006 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2007 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' and ''[[Doctor Strange: The Oath]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Pride of Baghdad]]'', ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2008 [[Ed Brubaker]] for ''[[Captain America]]'', ''[[Criminal (comics)|Criminal]]'', ''[[Immortal Iron Fist]]'' and ''[[Uncanny X-Men]]'' ([[Marvel Comics]])
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (English Language)===
* 2007 Dan Kim for ''April & May & June, ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''.
* 2008 [[Faith Erin Hicks]] for ''[[Zombies Calling]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (French Language)===
* 2007 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''[[Paul a la Pêche]]'', published by [[La Pastèque]].
* 2008 [[Philippe Girard (comics)|Philippe Girard]] for ''[[Danger Public]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

==See also==
{{Portal|Comics|Canada}}
*[[Doug Wright Award]]
*[[Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=20em}}

===Works cited===
{{Refbegin|indent=y|colwidth=40em}}

: {{cite book
|ref = harv
|authorlink = John Bell (historian)
|last = Bell
|first = John
|title = Invaders from the North: How Canada Conquered the Comic Book Universe
|location = Toronto
|publisher = [[Dundurn Press]]
|year = 2006
|isbn = 978-1-55002-659-7}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|MacDonald|2011}}
|url = http://www.comicsbeat.com/2011/06/20/2011-joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = 2011 Joe Shuster Award winners announced
|first = Heidi
|last = MacDonald
|author-link = Heidi MacDonald
|publisher = [http://www.comicsbeat.com The Beat]
|date = 2011-06-20
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Melrose|2009}}
|url = http://robot6.comicbookresources.com/2009/09/winners-of-the-2009-joe-shuster-awards/
|title = Winners of the 2009 Joe Shuster Awards
|first = Kevin
|last = Melrose
|publisher = [[Comic Book Resources]]
|date = 2009-09-27
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Spurgeon|2012}}
|title = Your 2012 Joe Shuster Awards Winners
|first = Tom
|last = Spurgeon
|author-link = Tom Spurgeon
|url = http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/your_2012_joe_shuster_awards_winners/
|publisher = ''The Comics Reporter''
|date = 2012-09-18
|accessdate = 2012-09-19}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Spurgeon|2013}}
|title = Your 2013 Joe Shuster Awards Winners
|first = Tom
|last = Spurgeon
|author-link = Tom Spurgeon
|url = http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/your_2013_joe_shuster_award_winners/
|publisher = ''The Comics Reporter''
|date = 2013-08-25
|accessdate = 2013-08-26}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Awards to be given for Canadian comic-book excellence
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 267
|page = 47
|date=April 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Sim, Cooke among Shuster Winners
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 269
|page = 48
|date=July 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Nominees Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 275
|page = 33
|date=April 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Winners Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 277
|pages = 27–28
|date=July 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite news
|ref = {{SfnRef|Vu|2010}}
|url = http://arts.nationalpost.com/2010/06/07/joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = Joe Shuster Award-winners announced
|first = Liem
|last = Vu
|newspaper = [[The National Post]]
|date = 2010-06-07
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite book
|ref = {{SfnRef|Weiner, et al.|2010}}
|title = Graphic Novels and Comics in Libraries and Archives: Essays on Readers, Research, History and Cataloging
|year = 2010
|publisher = McFarland
|isbn = 9780786443024
|first = Robert G.
|last = Weiner
|author2=Randall William Scott |author3=Elizabeth Figa |author4=Amy Kiste Nyberg |author5=William T. Fee |author6=Francisca Goldsmith
|editor-first = Robert G.
|editor-last = Weiner}}

{{Refend}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://www.joeshusterawards.com}}
* [http://theexcerpt.com/2010/06/an-interview-with-kevin-boyd-of-the-joe-shuster-awards/ Interview with Kevin Boyd about the awards]
* Jamie Coville's audio recordings of the [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/JoeShusterAwards2006.mp3 2nd (2006)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2007JoeShusterAwards-Full.mp3 3rd (2007)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/08-06-14-JSAfull.MP3 4th (2008)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2009-09-26-JoeShusterAwards.mp3 5th (2009)] and [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/10-06-05-6thJoeShusterAwards.mp3 6th (2010)] Annual Awards
* Jamie Coville covers the [http://www.collectortimes.com/2005_06/cons2.html 1st (2005)], [http://www.collectortimes.com/2006_06/cons2.html 2nd (2006)] and [http://www.collectortimes.com/2007_07/cons1.html 3rd (2007)] Awards Ceremony for the Collector Times
* [http://thefablerblog.com/kevins-column/the-fabler-blog-looks-at-the-2010-joe-shuster-award-nominees The Fabler Blog looks at the 2010 Nominees]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=1709#respond Metro Columnist Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2008 Awards ceremony]
* [http://kev-the-mev.livejournal.com/101536.html?mode=reply 4th Annual JSA's Completed!]
* [http://www.bestofmostof.com/07jun/index070611.htm Blake Bell covers the 2007 Awards Ceremony]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=789 Metro columnist & CCBCAA member Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2007 Awards ceremony]
* [http://www.cbc.ca/arts/story/2005/05/02/comicawards050502.html Canadian comic-book awards: one down, one to go] CBC Arts report on the 1st year

{{Canadian comics}}

[[Category:Comics awards in Canada|Joe Shuster]]

Joe Shuster Award

2015-06-04T21:08:55Z

192.75.165.28: /* T.M. Maple Award */

{{Infobox award
| name = Joe Shuster Award
| current_awards =
| image = JoeShusterAward2007Logo.jpg
| imagesize =
| alt = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| caption = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| description = Outstanding achievements in [[Canadian comics]]
| presenter = [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]]
| host =
| date = 
| location =
| country = [[Canada]]
| reward =
| year =
| year2 =
| holder =
| website = http://www.joeshusterawards.com
| network =
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The '''Joe Shuster Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards''' (or '''Joe Shuster Awards''') are given out annually for outstanding achievements in the creation of [[comic books]], [[graphic novels]], [[webcomics]], and comics retailers and publishers by [[Canadian comics|Canadians]]. The awards, first handed out in April 2005, are named in honour of [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), the Canadian-born co-creator of [[Superman]].

The [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]] is a not-for-profit organization formed in 2004 to administer the awards.

==Overview==
The Joe Shuster Awards are comic book industry oriented awards that recognize the achievements of [[Canadian]] citizens and permanent residents.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} Founded initially as an English language comics award the criteria has been changed and refined since 2006 to be inclusive of all works published in Canada (see Language Criteria). The majority of the awards were initially committee-nominated, public-vote awards,{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} with write-in nominations accepted for the International Creator award.{{sfn|Stump|2005a}} This was changed in 2008 to a committee-nominated, jury-selected model, with publishers nominating works within the relevant award category.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} The model established in 2008 was designed to eliminate voter bias and [[ballot stuffing]]. The jury deliberates until they agree on a winner, discussing the merits of each candidate.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}}

They are named after Canadian-born cartoonist [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), who co-created [[Superman]] in 1938.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}} The name is used with the approval of the Estate of Joe Shuster (Michael Catron, Estate Agent).{{citation needed|date=September 2012}} The award, which focuses mainly on mainstream comics, is complemented by the [[Doug Wright Award]]s, which focuses on alternative comics, cartooning, and comic strips.{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}}

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
The late Harry Kremer, owner of Now & Then Books in [[Regional Municipality of Waterloo|Kitchener-Waterloo]], [[Ontario]], was a true pioneer in the industry and a constant and tireless promoter and patron of the medium and owner one of the first comic book specialty stores in Canada. His memory is kept alive in the award that has been named after him – the Outstanding Canadian Comic Book Retailer Award.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} The Award was given to Kremer's store in 2005, with open voting from 2006 onwards.{{sfn|Stump|2006b}}

===Gene Day Self-Publisher Award===
Named after the late comics artist and self-publisher [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982), this award honours Canadian comic book creators or creative teams who self-published their work, but did not have the books distributed by a third party distributor. The award winner receives a bursary of $500. The award was introduced in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shuster Awards Announce Honor Named for Gene Day|url=http://www.comicbookbin.com/joeshusterawardsnews001.html|publisher=Comic Book Bin|accessdate=13 September 2012|date=May 3, 2009}}</ref> Prior to this, Dave Sim had established a Gene Day award distributed annually at the [[Small Press and Alternative Comics Expo]] in [[Columbus, Ohio]] from 2002 to 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.backporchcomics.com/space.htm |title=SPACE |publisher=BackPorchComics.com |accessdate=2011-07-18}}</ref>

===Comics For Kids Award===
This award, established in 2004,{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} Works considered for this award are comic books and graphic novels that are targeted at readers 14 and under. Nominees are selected by a team of educators led by Jennifer Haines, MA, B.Ed., who is also the proprietor of Guelph, Ontario’s The Dragon comic book shop.{{citation needed|date=September 2012}}

===Canadian Comic Book Creator Hall of Fame===
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
Includes dozens of creators such as [[Hal Foster]], [[Win Mortimer]], [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]], [[Dave Sim]] and more.{{citation needed|date=September 2012}}

==Language Criteria==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards honour original work published during the previous calendar year in any language. However, Canada has two official languages - French and English, so extra research and attention is given to works published in the two official languages. In order to ensure that bilingual works are included on the ballot, two nominating committees select the finalists in each official language and the finalists are merged for the announced ballot. The nominated books are then given to jury members who can read both official languages for equal consideration.{{citation needed|date=September 2012}}

==Citizenship and residency==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards are open to all Canadian citizens.

Canadian citizens who have chosen to reside outside of Canada are still eligible for consideration, unless they contact the Awards organization and notify them that they have surrendered their Canadian citizenship and no longer wish to be considered for their recent work as a Canadian citizen.

Non-Canadians who have achieved permanent residency status in Canada are also eligible for consideration. In order to be considered for inclusion as a resident, the individual must have lived in Canada for three years. Permanent residents who do not wish to be considered may opt out of the Awards program before the selection process begins by sending a statement in writing to the Awards organization. If an approved permanent resident moves away from Canada, they are no longer considered eligible for the awards.

==Categories==

Categories and winners of Joe Shuster Awards are as follows:

===Outstanding Achievement===
*2005 [[Dave Sim]] and [[Gerhard (comics artist)|Gerhard]] for completing ''[[Cerebus]]'' in 2004. Begun in 1977, this 300-issue series is a milestone in comic book publishing and is the longest running creator-owned comic book series.{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006-2007 No winner
* 2008 David Watkins for using comic books as a teaching tool.
* 2009 Category suspended

===Outstanding Artist===
* 2005 [[Kaare Andrews]] for ''[[Spider-Man]]/[[Doctor Octopus]]: Year One'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Pia Guerra]] for ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]]) and a story in ''[[Spider-Man]] Unlimited'' #10 (published by [[Marvel Comics]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] and [[J. Bone]] for ''[[Batman/The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Dale Eaglesham]] for ''[[Justice Society of America]]'' #2-4, 6-7, 9-11 ([[DC Comics]])
* 2009 [[David Finch (comics)|David Finch]] for ''[[Ultimatum (Ultimate Marvel)|Ultimatum]]'' #1-2{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Stuart Immonen]] for ''[[Ultimate Spider-Man]] 130-133'', ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]] 55-60'', ''[[Fantastic Four]] 569'' (Marvel), ''The CBLDF Presents Liberty Comics 2 – "Trampoline Hall"'' (Image Comics){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Francis Manapul]] for [[Adventure Comics]]#6, [[The Flash]]#1-6, [[Superman/Batman]]#75 ([[DC Comics]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Stuart Immonen]] for [["Fear Itself (comics)|"Fear Itself]] #1-7; "Queen, King, Off-Suit"/''X-Men: To Serve and Protect'' #4; "Say You're Dead"/''Outlaw Territory'' Volume 2{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Isabelle Arsenault]] for "[[Jane, le renard & moi]]" aka [[Jane, the Fox & I]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 [[Fiona Staples]] for ''Saga'' 9-17 (published by [[Image Comics|Image]])<ref name=JSAwinners2014>"[http://joeshusterawards.com/2014/09/20/the-winners-of-the-2014-joe-shuster-awards/ The winners of the 2014 Joe Shuster Awards]", September 20, 2014</ref>

===Outstanding Cartoonist (writer and artist)===
* 2005 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[DC: The New Frontier]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Bryan Lee O'Malley]] for ''[[Scott Pilgrim]]'' Vol. 2 (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Spirit (comics)|The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Jeff Lemire]] for ''[[Essex County Trilogy|Essex County]] Vol. 1: Tales From The Farm'', ''Essex County Vol. 2: Ghost Stories'' ([[Top Shelf Productions|Top Shelf]])
* 2009 [[Dave Sim]] for ''[[Glamourpuss]] #1-4'' and ''Judenhass''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''Paul, tome 06: [[Paul à Québec]]'' ([[La Pastèque]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Tin Can Forest]] for [[Baba Yaga and the Wolf]] ([[Koyama Press]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Ramon K Pérez]] for ''[[Jim Henson's Tale of Sand]]''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Jeff Lemire]] for [[The Underwater Welder]] and [[Sweet Tooth (Vertigo)|Sweet Tooth]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 [[Zviane]] (Sylvie-Anne Ménard) for ''Les deuxièmes'' (published by Pow Pow)<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===Outstanding Publisher===
* 2005 [[Arcana Studio]]{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2007 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2008 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2009 [[Les 400 coups]] / [[Mécanique Générale]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[La Pastèque]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Koyama Press]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category suspended

===Outstanding Writer===
* 2005 (tie) [[Samm Barnes]] for ''[[Doctor Spectrum]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 (tie) [[Ty Templeton]] for ''The [[Batman Adventures]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[J. Torres]] for ''[[Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight]]'' and ''[[Teen Titans Go!]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]), and ''[[Love As A Foreign Language]]'' (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Superman Confidential]]'' #1-2 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Cecil Castellucci]] for ''[[The P.L.A.I.N. Janes]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]])
* 2009 [[Mariko Tamaki]] for ''[[Skim (graphic novel)|Skim]]'' ([[Groundwood Books]]) and ''[[Emiko Superstar]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Maryse Dubuc]] for ''[[The Bellybuttons|Les Nombrils 4: Duels de belles]]'' ([[Dupuis]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emilie Villeneuve]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Kurtis J. Wiebe]] for [[The Green Wake]] #1-8; [[The Intrepids]] #1-6; "Logan's Lost Lesson"/''Marvel Holiday Special 2011''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Fanny Britt]] for [[Jane, le renard & moi]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & Me]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 [[Kurtis Wiebe]] for ''Rat Queens'' 1-3, ''Peter Panzerfaust'' 8-15, ''Dia De Los Muertos'' 3 "Lonesome" (published by [[Image Comics|Image]])<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===Outstanding WebComic Creator/Creative Team===
* 2007 Dan Kim, for ''April & May & June'', ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''
* 2008 [[Ryan Sohmer]] & [[Lar deSouza]], for ''[[Looking for Group]]'' & ''[[Least I Could Do]]''
* 2009 [[Cameron Stewart]] for ''[[Sin Titulo]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Karl Kerschl]] for ''[[The Abominable Charles Christopher]]''{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emily Carroll]] for ''[[His Face All Red]]'' and more{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Emily Carroll]] for various comics, 2011{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Michael DeForge]] for ''[[Ant Comic]]'' {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 [[Jayd Aït-Kaci]] (with [[Christina Strain]]) for ''The Fox Sister''<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===Outstanding Colourist===
* 2008 [[Dave McCaig]] for ''[[Nextwave]]'', Agents of H.A.T.E. #12, ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]]'' #27-35, ''[[Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America]]'' #1: ''[[Wolverine (comic book)|Wolverine]]'', ''[[Marvel Comics Presents]]'' #1-4, ''[[Wolverine (comic book)|Wolverine]]'' #50, ''[[Avengers (comics)|Avengers]] Classic'' #7 ([[Marvel Comics]]) DC Infinite Halloween Special #1 ([[DC Comics]]), ''[[The Other Side (comics)|The Other Side]]'' #4-5 ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Vertigo (DC Comics)|Vertigo]]) ''[[Stephen Colbert]]’s [[Tek Jansen]]'' #1 ([[Oni Press]])
* 2009 [[François Lapierre]] for ''“Gédéon et la bête du lac” [[Contes et légendes du Québec]]'' (Glénat Québec), ''[[Magasin général]] 4'' (Casterman){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Nathan Fairbairn]] for ''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]] #605, [[Dark Reign: The List]] – X-Men #1, [[Dark X-Men]]: The Confession #1 (Cover), [[Guardians of the Galaxy (2008 team)|Guardians of the Galaxy]] #16, 18-19, [[House of M: Masters of Evil]] #1, [[Marvel Mystery Comics]] 70th Anniversary Special #1, [[Nation X]] #1, [[Realm of Kings]]: Imperial Guard #1-2, [[Timestorm 2009–2099]]: [[Spider-Man]], [[War of Kings]]: Warriors #2, [[Wolverine (comic book)|Wolverine]] #72, [[Wolverine: Origins]] #32, [[Wolverine: Weapon X]] #6-8, [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #39-50, 200 (Variant) (Cover), [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #45, [[X-Men: Kingbreaker]] #2-4, [[Gambit (comics)|X-Men Origins: Gambit]] #1'' (Marvel Comics), ''[[Tek Jansen|Stephen Colbert’s Tek Jansen]] #4-5'' (Oni Press){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Julie Rocheleau (comics)|Julie Rocheleau]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category suspended

===Outstanding Cover (2008-2010) / Cover Artist (2011-)===
* 2008 [[Steve Skroce]] for ''[[Doc Frankenstein]]'' #6 ([[Burlyman Entertainment|Burleyman]])
* 2009 [[Niko Henrichon]] for ''[[Hostile]] Tome 1: Impact'' (Dupuis){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Richard Stark's Parker: The Hunter]]'' (IDW){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Fiona Staples]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[François Lapierre]] for ''Chroniques Sauvages''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Mike Del Mundo]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 [[Julie Rocheleau]] for ''La colère de Fantômas'' tome 1: ''Les Bois de justice'' (published by [[Dargaud]])<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

=== Comics for Kids Award (The Dragon Award) ===
* 2009 ''[[Jellaby]] Book 1'' by [[Kean Soo]] {{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 ''[[Nightschool]]: The Weirn Books Vols.1-2'' ([[Yen Press]]) by [[Svetlana Chmakova]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 ''[[Three Thieves Book One: Tower of Treasure]]'' ([[Kids Can Press]]) by [[Scott Chantler]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 ''[[Ariane et Nicolas]] Tome 6: Les Toiles Mysterieuses'' by [[Paul Roux (comics)|Paul Roux]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 ''[[Cat’s Cradle]] Volume 1: The Golden Twine'' by [[Joe Rioux]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 ''[[Couettes]]'' tome 2: ''Bidou'' and tome 3: ''Adopte-moi !'' by [[Séverine Gauthier]] (writer) and [[MiniKim]] (Maïté Lajic, artist) (published by [[Dargaud]])<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===Gene Day Award for Canadian Self-Publishing (New in 2009)===
* 2009 [[Jesse Jacobs]] for ''[[Blue Winter, Shapes in the Snow]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Ethan Rilly]] for ''[[Pope Hats]]'' No.1{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[John Martz]] for ''[[Heaven All Day]]''{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Dakota McFadzean]] for Ghost Rabbit{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Cory McCallum]] and [[Matthew Daley]] - ''[[The Pig Sleep]]: A Mr. Monitor Case''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 [[Steven Gilbert (comics)|Steven Gilbert]] for ''[[The Journal of the Main Street Secret Lodge]]''<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
* 2005 [[Now & Then Books]] ([[Kitchener, Ontario]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Strange Adventures (comics retailer)|Strange Adventures]] ([[Halifax Urban Area|Halifax, Nova Scotia]])
* 2007 [[Happy Harbor Comics|Happy Harbor]] ([[Edmonton, Alberta]])
* 2008 [[Big B Comics]] ([[Hamilton, Ontario]])
* 2009 [[Legends Comics and Books]] ([[Victoria, British Columbia]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[The Beguiling]] ([[Toronto, Ontario]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Planète BD]] ([[Montréal]], Quebec){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Silver Snail]] (Toronto, Ontario){{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Heroes Comics]] ([[London, Ontario]]){{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 [[The Comic Shop]] ([[Vancouver]], British Columbia)<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===T.M. Maple Award===
New in 2014. "The T.M. Maple Award will go to someone (living or deceased) selected from the Canadian comics community for achievements made outside of the creative and retail categories who have had a positive impact on the community."
* 2014 Jim Burke (1956-1994))<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />
* 2014 Debra Jane Shelly (1974-2014)<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===Hall of Fame Inductees===
* 2005 [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Leo Bachle]] (a.k.a. Les Barker) (1926–2003){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Adrian Dingle (cartoonist)|Adrian Dingle]] (1911–1974){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Hal Foster]] (1892–1982){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Ed Furness]] (1911–2005){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Rand Holmes]] (1942–2002){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Jon St. Ables]] (1912–1999)
* 2006 [[Owen McCarron]] (1929–2005)
* 2006 [[Win Mortimer]] (1919–1998)
* 2006 [[Dave Sim]] (1956–)
* 2007 [[Albert Chartier]] (1912–2004)
* 2007 [[Gerald Lazare]] (1927–)
* 2007 Jacques Hurtubise ([[Zyx (cartoonist)|Zyx]]) (1950–)
* 2007 [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982)
* 2008 [[Ted McCall]] (1901–1975)
* 2008 [[Pierre Fournier (comic books)|Pierre Fournier]] (1949–)
* 2008 [[Stanley Berneche]] (1947–)
* 2008 [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]] (1950–)
* 2009 [[George Menendez Rae]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1906–1992)
* 2009 [[Réal Godbout]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1951–)
* 2009 [[Ken Steacy]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955–)
* 2009 [[Diana Schutz]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955–)
* 2010 [[Dave Darrigo]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954–)
* 2010 [[Serge Gaboury]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954–)
* 2010 [[Deni Loubert]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951–)
* 2010 [[Richard Comely]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1950–) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[George Freeman (comics)|George Freeman]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[Claude St. Aubin]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951–) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2011 [[Chester Brown]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1960–)
* 2011 [[Todd McFarlane]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1961–)
* 2012 No Hall of Fame Inductees
* 2013 [[Vernon Miller (comics)]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}} (1912–1974)
* 2013 [[Murray Karn]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}} (1924–)
* 2013 [[Arn Saba]] now known as Katherine Collins {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}(1947–)
* 2014 [[Cy Bell]] (1904–197?)–)<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />
* 2014 [[Edmond Good]] (1910–1991)–)<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />
* 2014 [[Ty Templeton]] (1962–)<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===Voters Choice - Outstanding International Creator===
* 2006 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2007 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' and ''[[Doctor Strange: The Oath]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Pride of Baghdad]]'', ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2008 [[Ed Brubaker]] for ''[[Captain America]]'', ''[[Criminal (comics)|Criminal]]'', ''[[Immortal Iron Fist]]'' and ''[[Uncanny X-Men]]'' ([[Marvel Comics]])
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (English Language)===
* 2007 Dan Kim for ''April & May & June, ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''.
* 2008 [[Faith Erin Hicks]] for ''[[Zombies Calling]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (French Language)===
* 2007 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''[[Paul a la Pêche]]'', published by [[La Pastèque]].
* 2008 [[Philippe Girard (comics)|Philippe Girard]] for ''[[Danger Public]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

==See also==
{{Portal|Comics|Canada}}
*[[Doug Wright Award]]
*[[Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=20em}}

===Works cited===
{{Refbegin|indent=y|colwidth=40em}}

: {{cite book
|ref = harv
|authorlink = John Bell (historian)
|last = Bell
|first = John
|title = Invaders from the North: How Canada Conquered the Comic Book Universe
|location = Toronto
|publisher = [[Dundurn Press]]
|year = 2006
|isbn = 978-1-55002-659-7}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|MacDonald|2011}}
|url = http://www.comicsbeat.com/2011/06/20/2011-joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = 2011 Joe Shuster Award winners announced
|first = Heidi
|last = MacDonald
|author-link = Heidi MacDonald
|publisher = [http://www.comicsbeat.com The Beat]
|date = 2011-06-20
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Melrose|2009}}
|url = http://robot6.comicbookresources.com/2009/09/winners-of-the-2009-joe-shuster-awards/
|title = Winners of the 2009 Joe Shuster Awards
|first = Kevin
|last = Melrose
|publisher = [[Comic Book Resources]]
|date = 2009-09-27
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Spurgeon|2012}}
|title = Your 2012 Joe Shuster Awards Winners
|first = Tom
|last = Spurgeon
|author-link = Tom Spurgeon
|url = http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/your_2012_joe_shuster_awards_winners/
|publisher = ''The Comics Reporter''
|date = 2012-09-18
|accessdate = 2012-09-19}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Spurgeon|2013}}
|title = Your 2013 Joe Shuster Awards Winners
|first = Tom
|last = Spurgeon
|author-link = Tom Spurgeon
|url = http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/your_2013_joe_shuster_award_winners/
|publisher = ''The Comics Reporter''
|date = 2013-08-25
|accessdate = 2013-08-26}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Awards to be given for Canadian comic-book excellence
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 267
|page = 47
|date=April 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Sim, Cooke among Shuster Winners
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 269
|page = 48
|date=July 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Nominees Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 275
|page = 33
|date=April 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Winners Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 277
|pages = 27–28
|date=July 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite news
|ref = {{SfnRef|Vu|2010}}
|url = http://arts.nationalpost.com/2010/06/07/joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = Joe Shuster Award-winners announced
|first = Liem
|last = Vu
|newspaper = [[The National Post]]
|date = 2010-06-07
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite book
|ref = {{SfnRef|Weiner, et al.|2010}}
|title = Graphic Novels and Comics in Libraries and Archives: Essays on Readers, Research, History and Cataloging
|year = 2010
|publisher = McFarland
|isbn = 9780786443024
|first = Robert G.
|last = Weiner
|author2=Randall William Scott |author3=Elizabeth Figa |author4=Amy Kiste Nyberg |author5=William T. Fee |author6=Francisca Goldsmith
|editor-first = Robert G.
|editor-last = Weiner}}

{{Refend}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://www.joeshusterawards.com}}
* [http://theexcerpt.com/2010/06/an-interview-with-kevin-boyd-of-the-joe-shuster-awards/ Interview with Kevin Boyd about the awards]
* Jamie Coville's audio recordings of the [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/JoeShusterAwards2006.mp3 2nd (2006)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2007JoeShusterAwards-Full.mp3 3rd (2007)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/08-06-14-JSAfull.MP3 4th (2008)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2009-09-26-JoeShusterAwards.mp3 5th (2009)] and [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/10-06-05-6thJoeShusterAwards.mp3 6th (2010)] Annual Awards
* Jamie Coville covers the [http://www.collectortimes.com/2005_06/cons2.html 1st (2005)], [http://www.collectortimes.com/2006_06/cons2.html 2nd (2006)] and [http://www.collectortimes.com/2007_07/cons1.html 3rd (2007)] Awards Ceremony for the Collector Times
* [http://thefablerblog.com/kevins-column/the-fabler-blog-looks-at-the-2010-joe-shuster-award-nominees The Fabler Blog looks at the 2010 Nominees]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=1709#respond Metro Columnist Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2008 Awards ceremony]
* [http://kev-the-mev.livejournal.com/101536.html?mode=reply 4th Annual JSA's Completed!]
* [http://www.bestofmostof.com/07jun/index070611.htm Blake Bell covers the 2007 Awards Ceremony]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=789 Metro columnist & CCBCAA member Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2007 Awards ceremony]
* [http://www.cbc.ca/arts/story/2005/05/02/comicawards050502.html Canadian comic-book awards: one down, one to go] CBC Arts report on the 1st year

{{Canadian comics}}

[[Category:Comics awards in Canada|Joe Shuster]]

Joe Shuster Award

2015-06-04T21:07:29Z

192.75.165.28: /* Hall of Fame Inductees */

{{Infobox award
| name = Joe Shuster Award
| current_awards =
| image = JoeShusterAward2007Logo.jpg
| imagesize =
| alt = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| caption = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| description = Outstanding achievements in [[Canadian comics]]
| presenter = [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]]
| host =
| date = 
| location =
| country = [[Canada]]
| reward =
| year =
| year2 =
| holder =
| website = http://www.joeshusterawards.com
| network =
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The '''Joe Shuster Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards''' (or '''Joe Shuster Awards''') are given out annually for outstanding achievements in the creation of [[comic books]], [[graphic novels]], [[webcomics]], and comics retailers and publishers by [[Canadian comics|Canadians]]. The awards, first handed out in April 2005, are named in honour of [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), the Canadian-born co-creator of [[Superman]].

The [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]] is a not-for-profit organization formed in 2004 to administer the awards.

==Overview==
The Joe Shuster Awards are comic book industry oriented awards that recognize the achievements of [[Canadian]] citizens and permanent residents.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} Founded initially as an English language comics award the criteria has been changed and refined since 2006 to be inclusive of all works published in Canada (see Language Criteria). The majority of the awards were initially committee-nominated, public-vote awards,{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} with write-in nominations accepted for the International Creator award.{{sfn|Stump|2005a}} This was changed in 2008 to a committee-nominated, jury-selected model, with publishers nominating works within the relevant award category.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} The model established in 2008 was designed to eliminate voter bias and [[ballot stuffing]]. The jury deliberates until they agree on a winner, discussing the merits of each candidate.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}}

They are named after Canadian-born cartoonist [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), who co-created [[Superman]] in 1938.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}} The name is used with the approval of the Estate of Joe Shuster (Michael Catron, Estate Agent).{{citation needed|date=September 2012}} The award, which focuses mainly on mainstream comics, is complemented by the [[Doug Wright Award]]s, which focuses on alternative comics, cartooning, and comic strips.{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}}

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
The late Harry Kremer, owner of Now & Then Books in [[Regional Municipality of Waterloo|Kitchener-Waterloo]], [[Ontario]], was a true pioneer in the industry and a constant and tireless promoter and patron of the medium and owner one of the first comic book specialty stores in Canada. His memory is kept alive in the award that has been named after him – the Outstanding Canadian Comic Book Retailer Award.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} The Award was given to Kremer's store in 2005, with open voting from 2006 onwards.{{sfn|Stump|2006b}}

===Gene Day Self-Publisher Award===
Named after the late comics artist and self-publisher [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982), this award honours Canadian comic book creators or creative teams who self-published their work, but did not have the books distributed by a third party distributor. The award winner receives a bursary of $500. The award was introduced in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shuster Awards Announce Honor Named for Gene Day|url=http://www.comicbookbin.com/joeshusterawardsnews001.html|publisher=Comic Book Bin|accessdate=13 September 2012|date=May 3, 2009}}</ref> Prior to this, Dave Sim had established a Gene Day award distributed annually at the [[Small Press and Alternative Comics Expo]] in [[Columbus, Ohio]] from 2002 to 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.backporchcomics.com/space.htm |title=SPACE |publisher=BackPorchComics.com |accessdate=2011-07-18}}</ref>

===Comics For Kids Award===
This award, established in 2004,{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} Works considered for this award are comic books and graphic novels that are targeted at readers 14 and under. Nominees are selected by a team of educators led by Jennifer Haines, MA, B.Ed., who is also the proprietor of Guelph, Ontario’s The Dragon comic book shop.{{citation needed|date=September 2012}}

===Canadian Comic Book Creator Hall of Fame===
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
Includes dozens of creators such as [[Hal Foster]], [[Win Mortimer]], [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]], [[Dave Sim]] and more.{{citation needed|date=September 2012}}

==Language Criteria==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards honour original work published during the previous calendar year in any language. However, Canada has two official languages - French and English, so extra research and attention is given to works published in the two official languages. In order to ensure that bilingual works are included on the ballot, two nominating committees select the finalists in each official language and the finalists are merged for the announced ballot. The nominated books are then given to jury members who can read both official languages for equal consideration.{{citation needed|date=September 2012}}

==Citizenship and residency==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards are open to all Canadian citizens.

Canadian citizens who have chosen to reside outside of Canada are still eligible for consideration, unless they contact the Awards organization and notify them that they have surrendered their Canadian citizenship and no longer wish to be considered for their recent work as a Canadian citizen.

Non-Canadians who have achieved permanent residency status in Canada are also eligible for consideration. In order to be considered for inclusion as a resident, the individual must have lived in Canada for three years. Permanent residents who do not wish to be considered may opt out of the Awards program before the selection process begins by sending a statement in writing to the Awards organization. If an approved permanent resident moves away from Canada, they are no longer considered eligible for the awards.

==Categories==

Categories and winners of Joe Shuster Awards are as follows:

===Outstanding Achievement===
*2005 [[Dave Sim]] and [[Gerhard (comics artist)|Gerhard]] for completing ''[[Cerebus]]'' in 2004. Begun in 1977, this 300-issue series is a milestone in comic book publishing and is the longest running creator-owned comic book series.{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006-2007 No winner
* 2008 David Watkins for using comic books as a teaching tool.
* 2009 Category suspended

===Outstanding Artist===
* 2005 [[Kaare Andrews]] for ''[[Spider-Man]]/[[Doctor Octopus]]: Year One'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Pia Guerra]] for ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]]) and a story in ''[[Spider-Man]] Unlimited'' #10 (published by [[Marvel Comics]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] and [[J. Bone]] for ''[[Batman/The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Dale Eaglesham]] for ''[[Justice Society of America]]'' #2-4, 6-7, 9-11 ([[DC Comics]])
* 2009 [[David Finch (comics)|David Finch]] for ''[[Ultimatum (Ultimate Marvel)|Ultimatum]]'' #1-2{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Stuart Immonen]] for ''[[Ultimate Spider-Man]] 130-133'', ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]] 55-60'', ''[[Fantastic Four]] 569'' (Marvel), ''The CBLDF Presents Liberty Comics 2 – "Trampoline Hall"'' (Image Comics){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Francis Manapul]] for [[Adventure Comics]]#6, [[The Flash]]#1-6, [[Superman/Batman]]#75 ([[DC Comics]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Stuart Immonen]] for [["Fear Itself (comics)|"Fear Itself]] #1-7; "Queen, King, Off-Suit"/''X-Men: To Serve and Protect'' #4; "Say You're Dead"/''Outlaw Territory'' Volume 2{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Isabelle Arsenault]] for "[[Jane, le renard & moi]]" aka [[Jane, the Fox & I]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 [[Fiona Staples]] for ''Saga'' 9-17 (published by [[Image Comics|Image]])<ref name=JSAwinners2014>"[http://joeshusterawards.com/2014/09/20/the-winners-of-the-2014-joe-shuster-awards/ The winners of the 2014 Joe Shuster Awards]", September 20, 2014</ref>

===Outstanding Cartoonist (writer and artist)===
* 2005 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[DC: The New Frontier]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Bryan Lee O'Malley]] for ''[[Scott Pilgrim]]'' Vol. 2 (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Spirit (comics)|The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Jeff Lemire]] for ''[[Essex County Trilogy|Essex County]] Vol. 1: Tales From The Farm'', ''Essex County Vol. 2: Ghost Stories'' ([[Top Shelf Productions|Top Shelf]])
* 2009 [[Dave Sim]] for ''[[Glamourpuss]] #1-4'' and ''Judenhass''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''Paul, tome 06: [[Paul à Québec]]'' ([[La Pastèque]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Tin Can Forest]] for [[Baba Yaga and the Wolf]] ([[Koyama Press]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Ramon K Pérez]] for ''[[Jim Henson's Tale of Sand]]''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Jeff Lemire]] for [[The Underwater Welder]] and [[Sweet Tooth (Vertigo)|Sweet Tooth]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 [[Zviane]] (Sylvie-Anne Ménard) for ''Les deuxièmes'' (published by Pow Pow)<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===Outstanding Publisher===
* 2005 [[Arcana Studio]]{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2007 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2008 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2009 [[Les 400 coups]] / [[Mécanique Générale]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[La Pastèque]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Koyama Press]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category suspended

===Outstanding Writer===
* 2005 (tie) [[Samm Barnes]] for ''[[Doctor Spectrum]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 (tie) [[Ty Templeton]] for ''The [[Batman Adventures]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[J. Torres]] for ''[[Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight]]'' and ''[[Teen Titans Go!]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]), and ''[[Love As A Foreign Language]]'' (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Superman Confidential]]'' #1-2 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Cecil Castellucci]] for ''[[The P.L.A.I.N. Janes]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]])
* 2009 [[Mariko Tamaki]] for ''[[Skim (graphic novel)|Skim]]'' ([[Groundwood Books]]) and ''[[Emiko Superstar]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Maryse Dubuc]] for ''[[The Bellybuttons|Les Nombrils 4: Duels de belles]]'' ([[Dupuis]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emilie Villeneuve]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Kurtis J. Wiebe]] for [[The Green Wake]] #1-8; [[The Intrepids]] #1-6; "Logan's Lost Lesson"/''Marvel Holiday Special 2011''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Fanny Britt]] for [[Jane, le renard & moi]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & Me]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 [[Kurtis Wiebe]] for ''Rat Queens'' 1-3, ''Peter Panzerfaust'' 8-15, ''Dia De Los Muertos'' 3 "Lonesome" (published by [[Image Comics|Image]])<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===Outstanding WebComic Creator/Creative Team===
* 2007 Dan Kim, for ''April & May & June'', ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''
* 2008 [[Ryan Sohmer]] & [[Lar deSouza]], for ''[[Looking for Group]]'' & ''[[Least I Could Do]]''
* 2009 [[Cameron Stewart]] for ''[[Sin Titulo]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Karl Kerschl]] for ''[[The Abominable Charles Christopher]]''{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emily Carroll]] for ''[[His Face All Red]]'' and more{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Emily Carroll]] for various comics, 2011{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Michael DeForge]] for ''[[Ant Comic]]'' {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 [[Jayd Aït-Kaci]] (with [[Christina Strain]]) for ''The Fox Sister''<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===Outstanding Colourist===
* 2008 [[Dave McCaig]] for ''[[Nextwave]]'', Agents of H.A.T.E. #12, ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]]'' #27-35, ''[[Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America]]'' #1: ''[[Wolverine (comic book)|Wolverine]]'', ''[[Marvel Comics Presents]]'' #1-4, ''[[Wolverine (comic book)|Wolverine]]'' #50, ''[[Avengers (comics)|Avengers]] Classic'' #7 ([[Marvel Comics]]) DC Infinite Halloween Special #1 ([[DC Comics]]), ''[[The Other Side (comics)|The Other Side]]'' #4-5 ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Vertigo (DC Comics)|Vertigo]]) ''[[Stephen Colbert]]’s [[Tek Jansen]]'' #1 ([[Oni Press]])
* 2009 [[François Lapierre]] for ''“Gédéon et la bête du lac” [[Contes et légendes du Québec]]'' (Glénat Québec), ''[[Magasin général]] 4'' (Casterman){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Nathan Fairbairn]] for ''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]] #605, [[Dark Reign: The List]] – X-Men #1, [[Dark X-Men]]: The Confession #1 (Cover), [[Guardians of the Galaxy (2008 team)|Guardians of the Galaxy]] #16, 18-19, [[House of M: Masters of Evil]] #1, [[Marvel Mystery Comics]] 70th Anniversary Special #1, [[Nation X]] #1, [[Realm of Kings]]: Imperial Guard #1-2, [[Timestorm 2009–2099]]: [[Spider-Man]], [[War of Kings]]: Warriors #2, [[Wolverine (comic book)|Wolverine]] #72, [[Wolverine: Origins]] #32, [[Wolverine: Weapon X]] #6-8, [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #39-50, 200 (Variant) (Cover), [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #45, [[X-Men: Kingbreaker]] #2-4, [[Gambit (comics)|X-Men Origins: Gambit]] #1'' (Marvel Comics), ''[[Tek Jansen|Stephen Colbert’s Tek Jansen]] #4-5'' (Oni Press){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Julie Rocheleau (comics)|Julie Rocheleau]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category suspended

===Outstanding Cover (2008-2010) / Cover Artist (2011-)===
* 2008 [[Steve Skroce]] for ''[[Doc Frankenstein]]'' #6 ([[Burlyman Entertainment|Burleyman]])
* 2009 [[Niko Henrichon]] for ''[[Hostile]] Tome 1: Impact'' (Dupuis){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Richard Stark's Parker: The Hunter]]'' (IDW){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Fiona Staples]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[François Lapierre]] for ''Chroniques Sauvages''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Mike Del Mundo]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 [[Julie Rocheleau]] for ''La colère de Fantômas'' tome 1: ''Les Bois de justice'' (published by [[Dargaud]])<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

=== Comics for Kids Award (The Dragon Award) ===
* 2009 ''[[Jellaby]] Book 1'' by [[Kean Soo]] {{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 ''[[Nightschool]]: The Weirn Books Vols.1-2'' ([[Yen Press]]) by [[Svetlana Chmakova]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 ''[[Three Thieves Book One: Tower of Treasure]]'' ([[Kids Can Press]]) by [[Scott Chantler]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 ''[[Ariane et Nicolas]] Tome 6: Les Toiles Mysterieuses'' by [[Paul Roux (comics)|Paul Roux]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 ''[[Cat’s Cradle]] Volume 1: The Golden Twine'' by [[Joe Rioux]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 ''[[Couettes]]'' tome 2: ''Bidou'' and tome 3: ''Adopte-moi !'' by [[Séverine Gauthier]] (writer) and [[MiniKim]] (Maïté Lajic, artist) (published by [[Dargaud]])<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===Gene Day Award for Canadian Self-Publishing (New in 2009)===
* 2009 [[Jesse Jacobs]] for ''[[Blue Winter, Shapes in the Snow]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Ethan Rilly]] for ''[[Pope Hats]]'' No.1{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[John Martz]] for ''[[Heaven All Day]]''{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Dakota McFadzean]] for Ghost Rabbit{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Cory McCallum]] and [[Matthew Daley]] - ''[[The Pig Sleep]]: A Mr. Monitor Case''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 [[Steven Gilbert (comics)|Steven Gilbert]] for ''[[The Journal of the Main Street Secret Lodge]]''<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
* 2005 [[Now & Then Books]] ([[Kitchener, Ontario]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Strange Adventures (comics retailer)|Strange Adventures]] ([[Halifax Urban Area|Halifax, Nova Scotia]])
* 2007 [[Happy Harbor Comics|Happy Harbor]] ([[Edmonton, Alberta]])
* 2008 [[Big B Comics]] ([[Hamilton, Ontario]])
* 2009 [[Legends Comics and Books]] ([[Victoria, British Columbia]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[The Beguiling]] ([[Toronto, Ontario]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Planète BD]] ([[Montréal]], Quebec){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Silver Snail]] (Toronto, Ontario){{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Heroes Comics]] ([[London, Ontario]]){{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}
* 2014 [[The Comic Shop]] ([[Vancouver]], British Columbia)<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===T.M. Maple Award===
New in 2014. "The T.M. Maple Award will go to someone (living or deceased) selected from the Canadian comics community for achievements made outside of the creative and retail categories who have had a positive impact on the community."
* 2014 Debra Jane Shelly (1974-2014)<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===Hall of Fame Inductees===
* 2005 [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Leo Bachle]] (a.k.a. Les Barker) (1926–2003){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Adrian Dingle (cartoonist)|Adrian Dingle]] (1911–1974){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Hal Foster]] (1892–1982){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Ed Furness]] (1911–2005){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Rand Holmes]] (1942–2002){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Jon St. Ables]] (1912–1999)
* 2006 [[Owen McCarron]] (1929–2005)
* 2006 [[Win Mortimer]] (1919–1998)
* 2006 [[Dave Sim]] (1956–)
* 2007 [[Albert Chartier]] (1912–2004)
* 2007 [[Gerald Lazare]] (1927–)
* 2007 Jacques Hurtubise ([[Zyx (cartoonist)|Zyx]]) (1950–)
* 2007 [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982)
* 2008 [[Ted McCall]] (1901–1975)
* 2008 [[Pierre Fournier (comic books)|Pierre Fournier]] (1949–)
* 2008 [[Stanley Berneche]] (1947–)
* 2008 [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]] (1950–)
* 2009 [[George Menendez Rae]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1906–1992)
* 2009 [[Réal Godbout]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1951–)
* 2009 [[Ken Steacy]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955–)
* 2009 [[Diana Schutz]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955–)
* 2010 [[Dave Darrigo]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954–)
* 2010 [[Serge Gaboury]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954–)
* 2010 [[Deni Loubert]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951–)
* 2010 [[Richard Comely]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1950–) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[George Freeman (comics)|George Freeman]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[Claude St. Aubin]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951–) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2011 [[Chester Brown]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1960–)
* 2011 [[Todd McFarlane]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1961–)
* 2012 No Hall of Fame Inductees
* 2013 [[Vernon Miller (comics)]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}} (1912–1974)
* 2013 [[Murray Karn]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}} (1924–)
* 2013 [[Arn Saba]] now known as Katherine Collins {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}(1947–)
* 2014 [[Cy Bell]] (1904–197?)–)<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />
* 2014 [[Edmond Good]] (1910–1991)–)<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />
* 2014 [[Ty Templeton]] (1962–)<ref name=JSAwinners2014 />

===Voters Choice - Outstanding International Creator===
* 2006 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2007 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' and ''[[Doctor Strange: The Oath]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Pride of Baghdad]]'', ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2008 [[Ed Brubaker]] for ''[[Captain America]]'', ''[[Criminal (comics)|Criminal]]'', ''[[Immortal Iron Fist]]'' and ''[[Uncanny X-Men]]'' ([[Marvel Comics]])
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (English Language)===
* 2007 Dan Kim for ''April & May & June, ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''.
* 2008 [[Faith Erin Hicks]] for ''[[Zombies Calling]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (French Language)===
* 2007 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''[[Paul a la Pêche]]'', published by [[La Pastèque]].
* 2008 [[Philippe Girard (comics)|Philippe Girard]] for ''[[Danger Public]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

==See also==
{{Portal|Comics|Canada}}
*[[Doug Wright Award]]
*[[Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=20em}}

===Works cited===
{{Refbegin|indent=y|colwidth=40em}}

: {{cite book
|ref = harv
|authorlink = John Bell (historian)
|last = Bell
|first = John
|title = Invaders from the North: How Canada Conquered the Comic Book Universe
|location = Toronto
|publisher = [[Dundurn Press]]
|year = 2006
|isbn = 978-1-55002-659-7}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|MacDonald|2011}}
|url = http://www.comicsbeat.com/2011/06/20/2011-joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = 2011 Joe Shuster Award winners announced
|first = Heidi
|last = MacDonald
|author-link = Heidi MacDonald
|publisher = [http://www.comicsbeat.com The Beat]
|date = 2011-06-20
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Melrose|2009}}
|url = http://robot6.comicbookresources.com/2009/09/winners-of-the-2009-joe-shuster-awards/
|title = Winners of the 2009 Joe Shuster Awards
|first = Kevin
|last = Melrose
|publisher = [[Comic Book Resources]]
|date = 2009-09-27
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Spurgeon|2012}}
|title = Your 2012 Joe Shuster Awards Winners
|first = Tom
|last = Spurgeon
|author-link = Tom Spurgeon
|url = http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/your_2012_joe_shuster_awards_winners/
|publisher = ''The Comics Reporter''
|date = 2012-09-18
|accessdate = 2012-09-19}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Spurgeon|2013}}
|title = Your 2013 Joe Shuster Awards Winners
|first = Tom
|last = Spurgeon
|author-link = Tom Spurgeon
|url = http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/your_2013_joe_shuster_award_winners/
|publisher = ''The Comics Reporter''
|date = 2013-08-25
|accessdate = 2013-08-26}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Awards to be given for Canadian comic-book excellence
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 267
|page = 47
|date=April 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Sim, Cooke among Shuster Winners
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 269
|page = 48
|date=July 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Nominees Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 275
|page = 33
|date=April 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Winners Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 277
|pages = 27–28
|date=July 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite news
|ref = {{SfnRef|Vu|2010}}
|url = http://arts.nationalpost.com/2010/06/07/joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = Joe Shuster Award-winners announced
|first = Liem
|last = Vu
|newspaper = [[The National Post]]
|date = 2010-06-07
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite book
|ref = {{SfnRef|Weiner, et al.|2010}}
|title = Graphic Novels and Comics in Libraries and Archives: Essays on Readers, Research, History and Cataloging
|year = 2010
|publisher = McFarland
|isbn = 9780786443024
|first = Robert G.
|last = Weiner
|author2=Randall William Scott |author3=Elizabeth Figa |author4=Amy Kiste Nyberg |author5=William T. Fee |author6=Francisca Goldsmith
|editor-first = Robert G.
|editor-last = Weiner}}

{{Refend}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://www.joeshusterawards.com}}
* [http://theexcerpt.com/2010/06/an-interview-with-kevin-boyd-of-the-joe-shuster-awards/ Interview with Kevin Boyd about the awards]
* Jamie Coville's audio recordings of the [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/JoeShusterAwards2006.mp3 2nd (2006)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2007JoeShusterAwards-Full.mp3 3rd (2007)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/08-06-14-JSAfull.MP3 4th (2008)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2009-09-26-JoeShusterAwards.mp3 5th (2009)] and [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/10-06-05-6thJoeShusterAwards.mp3 6th (2010)] Annual Awards
* Jamie Coville covers the [http://www.collectortimes.com/2005_06/cons2.html 1st (2005)], [http://www.collectortimes.com/2006_06/cons2.html 2nd (2006)] and [http://www.collectortimes.com/2007_07/cons1.html 3rd (2007)] Awards Ceremony for the Collector Times
* [http://thefablerblog.com/kevins-column/the-fabler-blog-looks-at-the-2010-joe-shuster-award-nominees The Fabler Blog looks at the 2010 Nominees]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=1709#respond Metro Columnist Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2008 Awards ceremony]
* [http://kev-the-mev.livejournal.com/101536.html?mode=reply 4th Annual JSA's Completed!]
* [http://www.bestofmostof.com/07jun/index070611.htm Blake Bell covers the 2007 Awards Ceremony]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=789 Metro columnist & CCBCAA member Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2007 Awards ceremony]
* [http://www.cbc.ca/arts/story/2005/05/02/comicawards050502.html Canadian comic-book awards: one down, one to go] CBC Arts report on the 1st year

{{Canadian comics}}

[[Category:Comics awards in Canada|Joe Shuster]]

Toronto Comic Con

2015-06-04T21:03:29Z

192.75.165.28: /* History */

{{distinguish|Toronto ComiCON|Fan Expo Canada}}

{{Infobox Convention
| name = Toronto Comic Con
| image =
| caption =
| status = sold to Wizard Entertainment
| genre = Comic books
| venue =
| location = Toronto, Ontario
| country = Canada
| first = 2003
| last = 2012
| organizer = Wizard Entertainment (formerly [[Paradise Comics]])
| filing = For profit
| attendance =
| new website = http://www.wizardworldcomiccon.com/home-toronto.html
}}

The '''Toronto Comic Con''' is an annual [[comic book]] convention held in [[Toronto, Canada]] starting in 2003. It was sold in 2009 to [[Wizard Entertainment]] owner [[Gareb Shamus]] and was relaunched as a Wizard event in 2010.

From 2003-2007 the subtitle for the event was "A Celebration of [[Comic Books]], [[Graphic Novels]], [[Manga]] and [[Sequential Art]]". During those years the event was scheduled to run over three days (Friday through Sunday). In 2008 the convention was a two-day event (Saturday and Sunday).

== Events ==
Features have included: exhibitor room for commercial selling of related goods, a corporate area for companies to promote their projects, an Artist Alley area for comic book creators, a guest area for invited guests of the convention, panel room for discussions on various aspects of [[comic books]] and creators, workshops and children's programming. In previous years the convention was the home to additional special events programming such as Women of Comics Symposium and the [[Joe Shuster Awards]].

== History ==
The event was originally run by [[Paradise Comics]], a [[Toronto]] [[comic book]] store. Staff from [[Paradise Comics]] put on one-day [[comic book]] conventions in [[Toronto]] since the early 1990s. In November 2003 they held their first three-day event. In 2004 it was held in mid-June. In 2005 and 2006 it was held in late April, in 2007 it was held in June and in 2008 it was held in mid-July (July 12–13, 2008). On occasion Paradise has also held one-day shows at the [[Hilton Worldwide|Hilton]] and [[Holiday Inn on King]] (now the [[Toronto Hyatt Regency]]).

From 2003-2007 the convention was held at the [[National Trade Centre]] (now called the [[Direct Energy Centre]], located at [[Exhibition Place]] (home of the historic [[Canadian National Exhibition]]). Hall size varied at that location, and the convention's largest hall rental was Hall C in 2006-7, which is {{convert|58315|sqft|m2}}.

In July 2007, in a controversial move, Paradise Conventions co-owner and organizer Kevin Boyd resigned from/abandoned the convention to work for Hobbystar Marketing as the Canadian guest and programming coordinator for [[Fan Expo Canada]] and other [[Toronto ComiCON]] events. Boyd claimed at the time that "The convention business was not successful so I decided it was time to end it. I worked on it for five years and did not receive any money for time spent on the big convention.".<ref>{{cite web | url=http://sequential.spiltink.org/2007/08/toronto-convention-shocker-kevin-boyd.html | title=Toronto Convention Shocker: Kevin Boyd Jumps Ship | publisher=http://sequential.spiltink.org}}</ref>

In 2008 it moved to the [[Holiday Inn on King]], a smaller venue (21,000 square feet) that is closer to downtown Toronto.

In 2009, it was announced that the show would be on hiatus in 2009 due to scheduling concerns.

On June 24, 2009, via press release, [[Gareb Shamus]], owner of [[Wizard Entertainment]], announced that he had purchased the event from Paradise owner Peter Dixon, who would remain involved in the show in some form, in a manner similar to Wizard's purchase of the [[Big Apple Comic Con]]. The former comic book-only show will be retooled as a multi-genre event similar to other Wizard events in Philadelphia, [[Wizard World Chicago|Chicago]], and New York, and relaunched in 2010.

The convention seems to be officially on hiatus, as there have been no new events since 2012. In June 2014 Paradise launched a new semi-monthly one day show called the "Toronto Comics Show" and held them in a room at the Leaside Arena. Those are also currently on hiatus since Fall 2014.

==Dates and locations==
*2003: March 23 — Toronto Hilton Hotel
*2003: November 7–9 — Queen Elizabeth Building, National Trade Centre
*2004: June 18–20 — Queen Elizabeth Building, National Trade Centre
*2005: April 29–30, May 1 — Hall F, National Trade Centre
*2006: April 28–30 — Hall C, National Trade Centre
*2007: June 8–10 — Hall C, Direct Energy Centre
*2008: July 12–13 — 2nd Floor, Holiday Inn on King (Last Paradise event)
*2010: March 26–28 — Hall A, Direct Energy Centre (First Wizard event)
*2011: March 18–20 — Hall D, Direct Energy Centre
*2012: April 14–15 — Metro Toronto Convention Center, North Building

==Guests of Honour==
*2003 [[Jim Starlin]] and [[Michael William Kaluta]]
*2004 [[Will Eisner]] and [[Dave Sim]]
*2005 [[Brian Michael Bendis]], [[Warren Ellis]] and [[Jerry Robinson]]
*2006 [[George Pérez]] and [[David Lloyd (comics)|David Lloyd]]
*2007 [[Michael Golden (comics)|Michael Golden]], [[Terry Moore (comics)|Terry Moore]], [[Marv Wolfman]] and [[Matt Wagner]]
*2008 [[Herb Trimpe]], [[Joseph Michael Linsner]], [[Greg Land]]

===References===
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.wizardworldcomiccon.com/home-toronto.html Official web site]

{{Canadian comics}}

[[Category:Comics conventions in Canada]]

Fred Kelly (comics)

2015-06-04T20:59:07Z

192.75.165.28: link to wrong show

[[File:Fred Kelly, comic-books artist.jpg|thumb|right|Fred Kelly]]
'''Frederick George "Fred" Kelly''' (September 8, 1921 in [[Toronto]] – September 14, 2005 in [[Owen Sound]]) was a [[comic book]] writer and artist known for his contributions to the "[[Canadian Whites]]" era during the [[Second World War]].

Kelly worked for [[Bell Features|Bell Productions]] in Toronto, where his creations included the original version of the character "[[Doc Stearn...Mr. Monster|Mr. Monster]]".<ref name="Lambiek">[http://www.lambiek.net/artists/k/kelly_fred.htm Fred Kelly], at [[Lambiek]]; by Lambiek; published 12 November 2010; retrieved 21 March 2014</ref> He also worked for the Montreal-based "Educational Projects", where he illustrated non-fictional comics about Canadian historical figures.<ref name="G&M">"[http://www.ogs.on.ca/ogspi/2005/05col008.htm FRED KELLY, ARTIST AND REALTOR 1921-2005]"; by Tom Hawthorn; published in ''[[the Globe and Mail]]'', September 24, 2005; page S-9; archived at the [[Ontario Genealogical Society]]</ref>

In 1946, Kelly briefly worked with [[Damon Runyon]] on "The Other Half", a comic strip based on Runyon's Prohibition-era stories; however, this project collapsed with Runyon's death.<ref name="G&M"/> Kelly subsequently left comics, and worked in various fields including [[medical illustration]] and [[real estate]].<ref name="AE">[http://issuu.com/twomorrows/docs/alterego56preview/17 Fred Kelly Remembered (Part 1)], by [[Michael T. Gilbert]]; in ''[[Alter Ego (magazine)|Alter Ego]]'' #56, page 64 (archived at [[Issuu]]); published February 2006</ref>

In 2003, [[Michael T. Gilbert]] (whose 1980s creation of "Mr. Monster" was directly inspired by Kelly's work)<ref>[http://www.iconsoffright.com/IV_MTGilbert.htm ICONS Interview with Michael T. Gilbert - MR. MONSTER], at Icons of Fright; published 2008; retrieved March 21, 2014</ref> wrote a tribute to Kelly, and — in the process of researching Kelly — befriended comics historian Robert Pincombe;<ref name="AE"/> the next year Pincombe notified Gilbert that he had located Kelly, who (to Gilbert's surprise) was still alive. Kelly subsequently appeared as Gilbert's invited guest at the June 2004 [[Toronto Comic Con]].

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Persondata
| NAME = Kelly, Fred
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH = September 8, 1921
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = September 14, 2005
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kelly, Fred}}
[[Category:University of Toronto alumni]]
[[Category:Golden Age comics creators]]
[[Category:1921 births]]
[[Category:2005 deaths]]

Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame

2015-05-27T19:57:11Z

192.75.165.28: Updated listing

{{Refimprove|date=December 2014}}
'''The Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame''', formally known as '''Giants of the North: The Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame''', honours significant lifelong contributions to the art of cartooning in Canada.

It was founded in 2005. The first members were inducted at [[The Doug Wright Awards]] held during the 2005 [[Toronto Comic Arts Festival]]. A new member is inducted annually.

Members are:
* [[Albéric Bourgeois]] (2005)
* [[John Wilson Bengough]] (2005)
* [[Doug Wright II|Doug Wright]] (2005)
* [[George Feyer]] (2006)
* [[Rand Holmes]] (2007)
* [[Peter Whalley]] (2007)
* [[Lynn Johnston]] (2008)
* [[Jimmy Frise]] (2009)
* [[Martin Vaughn-James]] (2010)
* [[David Boswell]] (2011)
* [[Terry Mosher]] (2012)
* Artists of the 1940's 'Canadian Whites' Comics (2014)
* Merle 'Ting' Tingley (2015)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.wrightawards.ca/pages/giantsofthenorth.html Giants of the North: The Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame]
*[http://torontocomics.com/ Toroto Comic Arts Festival]
{{Canadian comics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Canadian Cartoonist Hall Of Fame}}
[[Category:Comics awards in Canada]]
[[Category:Canadian cartoonists]]
[[Category:Halls of fame in Canada]]
[[Category:Awards established in 2005]]

{{Canadian-comics-stub}}

Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame

2015-05-27T19:49:31Z

192.75.165.28: Not sure why the Toronto Comic Arts Festival was named the Toronto F-Bomb Festival. Fixed.

{{Refimprove|date=December 2014}}
'''The Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame''', formally known as '''Giants of the North: The Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame''', honours significant lifelong contributions to the art of cartooning in Canada.

It was founded in 2005. The first members were inducted at [[The Doug Wright Awards]] held during the 2005 [[Toronto Comic Arts Festival]]. A new member is inducted annually.

Members are:
* [[Albéric Bourgeois]] (2005)
* [[John Wilson Bengough]] (2005)
* [[Doug Wright II|Doug Wright]] (2005)
* [[George Feyer]] (2006)
* [[Rand Holmes]] (2007)
* [[Peter Whalley]] (2007)
* [[Lynn Johnston]] (2008)
* [[Jimmy Frise]] (2009)
* [[Martin Vaughn-James]] (2010)
* [[David Boswell]] (2011)
* [[Terry Mosher]] (2012)
* Jack Tremblay <ref>http://torontocomics.com/exhibitors/jack-tremblay/</ref>(2014)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.wrightawards.ca/pages/giantsofthenorth.html Giants of the North: The Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame]
*[http://torontocomics.com/ Toroto Comic Arts Festival]
{{Canadian comics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Canadian Cartoonist Hall Of Fame}}
[[Category:Comics awards in Canada]]
[[Category:Canadian cartoonists]]
[[Category:Halls of fame in Canada]]
[[Category:Awards established in 2005]]

{{Canadian-comics-stub}}

University Health Network

2015-05-06T15:13:15Z

192.75.165.28:

{{Infobox Hospital
| Name = University Health Network
| Logo = University Health Network (emblem).png
| Logo Size = 130
| Location = {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Toronto]]
| State = [[Ontario]]
| Country = [[Canada]]
| HealthCare = medicare
| Type = teaching and research
| Speciality = multispecialty
| Standards = [[tertiary care]]
| Affiliation= [[University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine]]
| Beds = 767
| Founded = 1999
| Website = http://www.uhn.ca/
|}}
'''University Health Network''' ('''UHN''') is a clinical [[healthcare]] and [[medical research]] organization in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]] that owns and operates four major hospitals and [[scientific research]] centres, namely [[Toronto Western Hospital]], [[Toronto General Hospital]], [[Princess Margaret Cancer Centre]] and [[Toronto Rehabilitation Institute]]. These [[teaching hospital]]s are affiliated with the [[University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine|Faculty of Medicine]] at the [[University of Toronto]]. Each has [[scientific research]] departments which study [[cancer (disease)|cancer]] from a non-clinical perspective.

==Research==
The organization devotes [[Canadian dollar|C$]]150 million a year to research. The [[Princess Margaret Cancer Centre]] specializes in the study of [[bioinformatics]].

==Education==
the Network trains more than 3000 undergraduate, graduate and medical students. Physicians, scientists and researchers at the organization collaborate extensively with the University of Toronto, where many of them hold professorial appointments.

==Outreach==
One of the Network's initiatives is the National Eating Disorder Information Centre, a non-profit organization which disseminates information about eating disorders and preoccupation with food and weight gain.<ref>Brown, Catrina and Jasper, Karin (1993). ''Consuming Passions: Feminist Approaches to Weight Preoccupation and Eating Disorders'', p409-410. Second Story Press. ISBN 0929005422.</ref>

==Awards and Accolades==
University Health Network is ranked 1st in [[Canada]] in terms of research funding by Research Infosource Inc's "Canada's Top 40 Research Hospitals 2012". In 2008, University Health Network was named one of [[Canada's Top 100 Employers]] by Mediacorp Canada and was named one of [[Greater Toronto's Top Employers]] by the ''[[Toronto Star]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eluta.ca/top-employer-uhn|title=Reasons for Selection, 2009 Canada's Top 100 Employers Competition}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Toronto teaching hospitals}}

[[Category:Health in Toronto]]
[[Category:University of Toronto]]
[[Category:Hospital networks]]

Lawrence Park Collegiate Institute

2015-04-09T18:19:12Z

192.75.165.28: LPCI is not a perennial contender.

{{POV|date=February 2015}}
{{Unreferenced|date=October 2009}}

{{Infobox Education in Canada
|name= Lawrence Park Collegiate Institute
|image= Lawrence Park Collegiate Institute.JPG
|imagesize= 300px
|streetaddress= 125 Chatsworth Drive
|city= [[Toronto]]
|province= [[Ontario]]
|postalcode= M4R 1S1
|areacode= 416
|phone= 393-9500
|fax= 393-9524
|url= http://schoolweb.tdsb.on.ca/lawrenceparkci/
|schoolboard=
[[Toronto District School Board]]
|superintendent= Mr. P. Chang
|trustee= Ward 8
|principal= Ms. L. Jovanovic
|vice-principals= Mr. M. Gurgol and Ms. R. Kelly
|schooltype [[High School]]
|grades 9–12
|area= [[Lawrence Park, Toronto|Lawrence Park]]
|motto= ''Amor Doctrinae Floreat'': Let the love of learning flourish.
|school song= written by Canadian Composer, Babak
|mascot= [[Black panther]]
|colours= Gold and Blue {{color box|gold}}{{color box|blue}}
|founded= 1936
|enrollment= 1000
|lastupdate= July 2, 2012
}}

'''Lawrence Park Collegiate Institute''' is a [[high school]] in the [[Lawrence Park, Toronto|Lawrence Park]] neighbourhood of [[Toronto]]. Built in 1936, it is a non-semestered school, well known for its strong focus on academics, athletics, and the arts.

Home to over 1,100 current staff and students, the school has become well known for its strong French Extended and French Immersion streams and for teaching its students to constantly strive to embody the school motto "Amor Doctrinae Floreat" (Let the Love of Learning Flourish). Academically the school continues to maintain its high academic standing. Over 90% of its graduates go on to University.

The music program boasts many awards and medals at the City, Provincial and National level. It is among the best in the province. It is home to the city's first band and orchestral program. Lawrence Park offers three streams of music: band, strings, and vocal. For the past 15 years the music department has achieved city, provincial and national recognition for excellence. The stage band has 5 provincial first place titles in the last 6 years while the choir has gone to the nationals and placed second in all of Canada. Concerts, Music Festivals, Coffee Night, LP's Got Talent, Fall Music Camp and performance tours to New York City, Chicago, New Brunswick, Costa Rica are some highlights of the program. Students and residents of the Lawrence Park community recognize the music program for teaching students discipline and a love for music.

There are over 50 athletic clubs that compete at the highest level and proudly wear the Panther colours of blue and gold. In the past three years Lawrence Park has won TDSB Championships in Swimming, (boys and girls), Cross Country, Soccer (boys and girls), Track and Field, Tennis, Volleyball, Alpine Skiing and Snowboarding. It's Rugby (boys and girls) are perennial contenders.

The drama program is also considered one of the best in the province and hosts annual performances including United Artists for a Cause and the Grade 12 One Act Festival. The drama program regularly studies theatre throughout the province, and biannually around the world to study different cultural approaches to the dramatic arts. It is an enriching course offered grades 9 through 12, with a thriving drama council. "Masquerade," a school magazine, showcases the arts at Lawrence Park.

The school donates and runs events for many charities such as [[United Way of America|United Way]], building schools in [[Africa]], and various others such as Right to Play

The building has been the site of several movies and videos:

- Canadian singer [[Shiloh (singer)|Shiloh]] sang one of her songs in the school in room 102, the girls' washroom on the first floor, the first floor hallway, and outside in the front of the school. As well as many MTV commercials being shot in the school.

- the movie ''[[The Pacifier]]'' has one of its fight scene taken in the south gym on the first floor.

- ''[[Being Erica]]'''s pilot episode was shot in the school's basement and main floor hallway

- Scenes for the movies ''[[Dick (film)|Dick]]'' and ''[[Model Behavior]]'' were filmed at the school.

Canadian singer [[Neil Young]] attended Lawrence Park. It is argued that Neil is Canada's greatest musicians of all-time.

Two members of critically acclaimed Canadian noise rock group ''The Criminal Brians'', James Flanagan and Christopher Sharland, attended Lawrence Park.

==Notable alumni==
*[[Elaine Lui]] (Reporter)
*[[Wendy Mesley]] (Reporter)
*[[Rob Stewart (filmmaker)|Rob Stewart]] (Filmmaker)
*[[Neil Young]] (Musician)
*[[Amanda Marshall]] (Musician)
*[[Lois Maxwell]] (Actress)
*[[Beverly Thomson]] (Journalist)
*[[Jonathan Crombie]] (Actor)
*[[Evan Jones (Canadian poet and critic)|Evan Jones]] (Canadian poet and critic)
*[[Gord Perks]] (City Councillor, Activist)
*[[Robbie Amell]] (Actor)
*[[Don McKellar]] (Actor, Writer, Filmmaker)
*[[Liane Balaban]] (Actress)
*[[Fiona Reid]] CM (Actress, and Member of the Order of Canada)
*[[Claudia Casper]] (Writer)
*Ahmed Belkadi (Politician/Community Activist)
*Isaac Simms (Musician)

==See also==
*[[List of high schools in Ontario]]

==External links==
*[http://www.tdsb.on.ca/scripts/Schoolasp.asp?schno=5525 Lawrence Park Collegiate Institute] at the [[Toronto District School Board]] website.
*[http://www.lpcialumni.ca Official LPCI Alumni website]

{{Toronto High Schools}}

{{Coord|43.722107|N|79.410317|W|region:CA-ON_type:landmark|display=title}}

[[Category:High schools in Toronto]]
[[Category:Schools in the TDSB]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1936]]
[[Category:1936 establishments in Ontario]]

South Central (film)

2015-04-08T14:04:19Z

192.75.165.28: /* Plot */

{{Infobox film
|name = South Central
|image = South Central 1992 film.jpg
|caption = Theatrical release poster
|writer = [[Stephen Milburn Anderson]] Donald Bakeer (novel)
|starring = [[Glenn Plummer]] Byron Minns [[Lexie Bigham]] Christian Coleman
|director = [[Stephen Milburn Anderson]]
|producer = William B. Steakley [[Oliver Stone]] Janet Yang
|distributor = [[Warner Bros.]]
|released = September 18, 1992
|runtime = 100 minutes
| country = [[United States]]
|language = English
|music =
|awards =
|budget = $23,000,000
|gross = $14,373,196
}}
'''''South Central''''' is a [[1992 in film|1992]] American [[crime film|crime]] [[drama film]], written and [[film director|directed]] by [[Stephen Milburn Anderson]]. This film is an adaptation of the 1987 novel ''Crips'' by Donald Bakeer,<ref>http://www.donaldbakeer.com/book_sc.html</ref> a former high school teacher in [[South Los Angeles|South Central Los Angeles]]. The film stars [[Glenn Plummer]], Byron Minns, and Christian Coleman. ''South Central'' was produced by [[Oliver Stone]] and released by [[Warner Bros.]] The movie received wide critical acclaim, with ''[[New Yorker Magazine]]'' praising it as one of the year's best [[independent films]]. ''South Central'' also placed [[Stephen Milburn Anderson]] in the ''[[New York Times]]'' "Who's Who Among Hot New Filmmakers," along with [[Quentin Tarantino]] and [[Tim Robbins]]. The 1998 [[Edward Norton]] drama ''[[American History X]]'' is often compared to this film by critics and fans.

==Plot==
Bobby Johnson ([[Glenn Plummer]]) is a young [[black (people)|black]] gang member of Hoover Street Deuces, or simply "Deuce". He gets paroled from the Youth Authority and he meets up with his fellow gang members Ray Ray (Byron Minns), Loco and Bear. As it turns out, Bobby's girlfriend Carole (LaRita Shelby) gave birth to his son Jimmy (Christian Coleman) while he was incarcerated. The Deuce gang goes out to a club owned by rival drug dealer Genie Lamp to celebrate Bobby's release, but Genie confronts them and threats are exchanged.

As Bobby and Jimmy attempt to return home from the party, they are approached by Genie Lamp and his bodyguard. The two force Bobby to come to Genie's apartment and snort a line of what he thought was cocaine, but is actually heroin. Genie threatens Bobby and the Deuce gang while he is incapacitated. Bobby returns home the next morning to find that Genie has given some of the same heroin to Carole and flies into a fit of rage. Bobby informs Ray Ray and the Deuce gang makes plans to execute Genie Lamp. They grab Genie in an abandoned warehouse. Bobby carries out the execution by firing a gun through a potato into Genie's head, and the gang flees the area as they hear the police sirens approaching. Later that evening, Ray Ray gives Bobby his "heart", a small tattoo below the left eyelid which is a symbol of full initiation into the Deuce gang and can only be earned by killing an enemy.

Some time later, Bobby and Carole are in hiding from the police who are pursuing Genie's murderers. Bobby takes a walk and Bear pulls up in a brand new convertible with Loco in the back seat. They solicit the services of a prostitute who turns out to be an undercover cop and arrests them. The guys are taken to jail and Bobby is questioned by a detective for the murder of Genie Lamp. Bobby refuses to cooperate despite overwhelming evidence against him and the police allow him to see his son one last time. Bobby gets a ten year prison sentence for the murder he committed.

Nearly ten years later, Jimmy is now with the Deuce gang, and meets with Ray Ray. Ray Ray informs Jimmy that he wants him to start stealing car stereos for him and Ray Ray will pay him for the stolen goods. Ray Ray then gives Jimmy some money and a marijuana joint. The next scene switches over to Bobby who is in prison lifting weights. Over time, the film shows Jimmy stealing car stereos and selling them to Ray Ray for $20.00 a piece. While stealing one night, Jimmy is caught by Willie Manchester, the owner of the car, and is shot in the back. He is taken to a hospital where he fights for his life. When the news of this reaches Bobby in prison, he leaves the Deuce gang immediately and joins up with a Muslim group, whose leader Amal encourages him to get an education and to go straight when he gets out of prison in order to be a better father to his child. Amal and his associates even remove the Deuce "heart" from Bobby's face. Meanwhile, Jimmy recovers from his gunshot wounds, but is taken to a boys home for the crime he committed because the court has declared Carole an unfit mother.

Bobby is released from prison and goes to the boys home to visit Jimmy. The two begin to talk, but Jimmy is shocked that his father has denounced the Deuce gang and will not seek revenge against Willie Manchester for shooting him. Jimmy leaves the room in anger and insults Bobby for not being the proud Deuce gang leader that Jimmy thought his father would be.

Sometime later, Bobby goes to visit Ray Ray. Ray Ray is initially happy to see Bobby saying the Deuce gang owes him "ten years of their lives" for the time he served in prison. However, Bobby is shocked to find Jimmy has run away from the boys home and Willie has been taken hostage. Ray Ray gives Jimmy a gun and tells him to shoot Willie in revenge so he can get his "heart" just like his father did. Bobby tries to intervene but gets into a fight with Bear. Bobby eventually overpowers Bear, takes his gun, and steps in front of Willie Manchester threatening to kill Ray Ray if this goes any further. He then tells Jimmy that committing a crime against a man can be rectified, but killing a man can't. He tells Ray Ray that the gang owes him ten years and can repay him by giving him back his son. Then he can give his son what the both of them (Bobby and Ray Ray) never had, a father. Bobby sees a sad look on Jimmy and Ray Ray's faces as everyone lowers their guns. Ray Ray tells Willie to get on out of there and Jimmy runs into Bobby's arms. Bobby tells Jimmy that eventually the court will let him come home and they will be a father and son together without being criminals.

==Soundtrack==
{{main|South Central (soundtrack)}}
A soundtrack containing [[Hip hop music|hip hop]], [[Soul music|soul]] and [[R&B]] music was released on September 18, 1992 by [[Hollywood Records]].

==References==
<references />

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|id=0105450|title=South Central}}
* {{mojo title|id=southcentral|title=South Central}}
* [http://www.allmovie.com/cg/avg.dll?p=avg&sql=1:45776 ''South Central'' @ AllMovie]
* [http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/south_central/ ''South Central'' @ Rotten Tomatoes]

[[Category:1990s crime drama films]]
[[Category:1992 films]]
[[Category:American crime drama films]]
[[Category:English-language films]]
[[Category:Films set in Los Angeles, California]]
[[Category:Gang films]]
[[Category:Hood films]]
[[Category:Independent films]]

Patrick Gullane

2015-03-11T18:58:18Z

192.75.165.28: updated dead link, added publications to external links

{{Multiple issues|
{{BLP sources|date=August 2011}}
{{more footnotes|date=August 2011}}
}}

'''Patrick Gullane''', [[Order of Canada|CM]], [[Order of Ontario|OOnt]], [[Bachelor of Medicine|MB]], [[Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada|FRCSC]], [[Fellow of the American College of Surgeons|FACS]], [[Royal Australasian College of Surgeons|FRACS]] (Hon), [[Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons|FRCS]] (Hon), [[Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland|FRCSI]] (Hon)
{{break}}
Professor, Department of [[Otolaryngology]]-Head and Neck Surgery,
{{break}}
Professor of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, [[University of Toronto]]<ref>http://www.theprincessmargaret.ca/en/findaperson/pages/clinicianprofile.aspx?personid=346</ref>

Dr. Patrick Gullane was born in Ireland and received his medical degree from [[National University of Ireland, Galway]], in 1970. He is a Fellow of the [[Royal College of Surgeons of Canada]] and certified by the American Board of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. In 1975, he was selected as the McLaughlin Fellow and then pursued advanced Fellowship training in Head and Neck Oncology in Pittsburgh and New York.

In 1978, Dr. Gullane was appointed to the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Western Ontario in London, Ontario. He was subsequently recruited to the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Toronto in 1983 and currently holds the Wharton Chair in Head and Neck Surgery at [[University Health Network]] and University of Toronto. In 1989, he was appointed Otolaryngologist-in-Chief at University Health Network, and in 2002, was appointed Professor and Chair of the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto. He concluded his second term as Chair in June 2012.

Dr. Gullane is a national and international leader in Head and Neck Surgery and has been invited as a visiting professor to over 83 countries, lecturing on all aspects of Head and Neck [[Oncology]]. He has delivered over 830 invited and keynote presentations, including the Eugene Myers International lecture at the American Academy of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) annual meeting September 2006, the Sir Peter Freyer Memorial lecture to the Irish surgical Forum NUI-Galway in 2009, the John J. Conley lecture to the American Head & Neck Society in 2012 , the 87th Abraham Colles lecture at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in February 2012 and the Hayes Martin lecture at the 5th World Congress of IFHNOS and annual meeting of the American Head & Neck Society in New York in July 2014. He was one of six International Faculty leaders who conducted the IFHNOS Head and Neck World Tour Program in 2008.

Dr. Gullane has published 337 papers in [[peer-reviewed]] journals and 92 chapters in textbooks. In addition, he has published 10 books on various aspects of Head and Neck Surgery. His textbook, ‘Head & Neck Surgery and Oncology,’ was awarded the George Davey Howells Prize from the University of London, cited as the best published book in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in the preceding five years. Currently, Dr. Gullane is a member on the Editorial Board of ten journals.
He has served as president of the American Head & Neck Society, The North American Skull Base Society, president of the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and vice-president of the Triological Society.

In recognition of his distinguished achievements, Dr. Gullane was awarded an Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons in 2006, Honorary Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons of England in 2010 and an Honorary Fellowship in the Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland in 2012. He was elected to Fellowship in the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences in 2011 and in 2010, was appointed as a Member to the Order of Canada by the Governor General of Canada, cited for his inspiration of young surgeons and his contributions to the field of Head and Neck Surgery. In 2014, in recognition of his outstanding contributions, an endowed Chair was named in his honour at the University Health Network/University of Toronto. Finally, he has facilitated the establishment of four University-Hospital Chairs: Head & Neck Surgery, Reconstruction, Radiation Oncology, and Basic Science, from private funding donations in excess of $14.5 million with continued funding to the present time.

Dr. Pat Gullane is married to Dr. Barbara Cruickshank, an obstetrician/gynaecologist. He has two children, Kira and John.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Cite news |url=http://www.surgicalspotlight.ca/Article.aspx?ver=Spring_2010&f=GullaneOrderofCanada/ |title=
Pat Gullane: Member of Order of Canada |publisher=University of Toronto |date=Spring 2010 |accessdate=22 December 2014}}

* {{Cite news|url=http://www.uhn.ca/PatientsFamilies/Search_Doctors/Pages/doctor_detail.aspx?doctor=380/ |title=DOCTOR PROFILE| publisher=University Health Network|date=22 June 2012 |accessdate=11 March 2015}}

* {{Cite news|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=(((Gullane%20P%5BAuthor%5D)%20AND%20Gullane%20PJ%5BAuthor%5D)%20AND%20Gullane%2C%20Patrick%5BAuthor%5D)%20AND%20Gullane%2C%20Patrick%20J%5BAuthor%5D/ |title=Publications| publisher=PubMed|date=11 March 2015 |accessdate=11 March 2015}}

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Gullane, Patrick
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Canadian academic
| DATE OF BIRTH =
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gullane, Patrick}}
[[Category:People from Ballinasloe]]
[[Category:Irish emigrants to Canada]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:University of Toronto faculty]]
[[Category:People from County Galway]]
[[Category:Members of the Order of Ontario]]

Princess Margaret Cancer Centre

2015-01-22T21:06:43Z

192.75.165.28: /* External links */ forgot http in previous edit.

{{refimprove|date=November 2009}}
{{Infobox hospital
| Name = Princess Margaret Cancer Centre
| Org/Group = [[File:University Health Network (emblem).png|30px]] [[University Health Network]]
| Image = Princess Margaret Cancer Centre - 2012.jpg
| Caption = Princess Margaret Cancer Centre with banner from The Princess Margaret Cancer Foundation's Billion Dollar Challenge
| Logo = 
| Location = {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Downtown Toronto]]
| Region = [[Toronto]]
| State = [[Ontario]]
| Country = [[Canada]]
| HealthCare = Medicare
| Type = Specialized/Teaching
| Speciality = [[Oncology]]
| Standards = 
| Emergency = No
| Affiliation= [[University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine|University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine]]
| Patron = [[Anne, Princess Royal]]
| Beds = 220
| Founded = 1952
| Closed = 
| Website = http://theprincessmargaret.ca
| Wiki-Links = 
}}
'''Princess Margaret Cancer Centre''', previously called '''Princess Margaret Hospital''', is a [[scientific research]] centre and a [[teaching hospital]] in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]], affiliated with the [[University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine]] as part of the [[University Health Network]]. The hospital now stands as the largest cancer centre in Canada <ref name="International Innovation">{{cite web|last=International Innovation|title=World Leads in the Fight Against Cancer, pg. 14-15|url=http://www.international-innovation-northamerica.com/magazines/NA10/index.html|work=Web page|accessdate=5 November 2013}}</ref> and one of the 5 largest cancer centres in the world.<ref name="thepmcf.ca">{{cite web|website=http://thepmcf.ca/Our-Impact/Top-5-Cancer-Research-Centre#scale}}</ref> Along with the [[Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre|Odette Cancer Centre]] (2nd largest in Canada, 6th largest in the world), which is also associated with University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, it forms one of the largest cluster of cancer hospitals in the world.

The hospital is situated near the intersection of [[University Avenue (Toronto)|University Avenue]] and [[College Street (Toronto)|College Street]] within the [[Discovery District]] of downtown Toronto, an area with high concentration of biomedical research institutions. Named for [[Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon]], the hospital is under the [[patronage|royal patronage]] of [[Anne, Princess Royal]].

The hospital specializes in the treatment of [[cancer]], and offers the majority of its services to residents of the [[Greater Toronto Area]]. It frequently hosts patients from other parts of Canada for access to a high calibre of treatment.{{Citation needed|date=October 2007}}. In particular, the hospital offers expertise in the fields of surgical oncology, medical oncology, hematology including bone marrow transplantation, radiation oncology, psychosocial oncology, medical imaging, and radiation therapy.

The hospital houses one of the largest radiation therapy departments in the world. It has 17 radiation treatment machines, all of which are equipped with the latest technologies including IMRT and VMAT, a superficial orthovoltage machine, and operates a [[Gamma Knife]] (Perfexion) stereotactic [[radiosurgery]] machine in collaboration with [[Toronto Western Hospital]].

==Education==
As a teaching hospital of the [[University of Toronto]], the hospital provides world class training to various medical professions. Most notable are clinical programs for medical doctors and radiation therapists.

==Research==
Its related research arm, the [[Ontario Cancer Institute]] (OCI), has made world-renowned contributions{{Citation needed|date=October 2007}}, and works in conjunction with the hospital in a mutually beneficial relationship. Many researchers at the OCI hold appointments at the University of Toronto, often within the Department of Medical [[Biophysics]]. The Princess Margaret’s research program ranked fourth in terms of the percentage of publications cited in high-impact oncology journals.<ref name="thepmcf.ca"/>

==History==
The hospital was founded as the Ontario Cancer Institute in 1952 by an Act of the Ontario legislature. Designed by the architect [[Henry Sproatt]], it was originally located at 500 [[Sherbourne Street, Toronto|Sherbourne Street]], beside the now demolished Wellesley Hospital, on Sherbourne Street north of Wellesley Avenue. The hospital at 500 Sherbourne was completed in 1958 and named the Princess Margaret Hospital after the [[Queen of Canada]]'s sister, [[Princess Margaret]]. In 1995, the hospital relocated to 610 University Avenue (the short building once was head office for Hydro Electric Power Commission of Ontario).

During health restructuring legislated by the [[Mike Harris|Harris]] Government in the late 1990s, then-named Princess Margaret Hospital merged with The Toronto Hospital which was the entity formed by the merger of the Toronto General Hospital and the Toronto Western Hospital. The new entity was named University Health Network and the three hospital sites retain their original names within the new entity. Like many hospitals, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre is served by a charitable foundation, the Princess Margaret Cancer Foundation, which holds numerous events and a [[lottery]] to raise philanthropic funds to support research, education, and patient care.

In October 2012, the Princess Margaret Hospital changed its name to Princess Margaret Cancer Centre.<ref name="PMCF Blog">{{cite web|last=Princess Margaret Cancer Foundation|title=The Name May Change But The Vision Remains The Same|url=http://www.blogpmhf.ca/Blog/PMHF-Blog/October-2012/The-name-may-change-but-the-vision-remains-the-sam.aspx|work=Web page|publisher=PMCF|accessdate=30 January 2013}}</ref>

==The Run or Walk to Conquer Cancer Event==
The 2nd Annual Journey to Conquer Cancer-Run or Walk was held on June 22, 2014 and offered 5 km, 3 km and 1 km options routed by The Princess Margaret. This event offered teams and individuals the opportunity to raise funds in support of any area of cancer research, clinic, lab or patient care programs at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre.

==Additional images==
{{cleanup gallery}}
<gallery>
Image:PMH Toronto 2007 Sunset.jpg|Princess Margaret as seen from the southwest at sunset.
Image:Princess Margaret Hospital 2005.JPG|The Princess Margaret as seen from the northeast. [[Mount Sinai Hospital (Toronto)|Mount Sinai Hospital]] is to the south.
</gallery>

== See also ==
* [[List of Canadian organizations with royal patronage]]
* [[The Ride to Conquer Cancer]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://thePMCF.ca/ The Princess Margaret Cancer Foundation]
* [http://www.uhnresearch.ca/institutes/oci/ Princess Margaret Cancer Centre - Research]
* [http://www.theprincessmargaret.ca/ Princess Margaret Cancer Centre]
* [http://www.uhn.ca/ University Health Network]
* [http://www.cancer.ca/ Canadian Cancer Society]
* [http://medbio.utoronto.ca/ Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto]{{Toronto_teaching_hospitals}}

{{coord|43.658248|N|79.390683|W|type:landmark|display=title}}

[[Category:Hospitals in Toronto]]
[[Category:Hospital buildings completed in 1958]]
[[Category:Hospital buildings completed in 1995]]
[[Category:Teaching hospitals in Canada]]
[[Category:Organizations based in Canada with royal patronage]]
[[Category:Hospitals established in 1952]]
[[Category:Cancer hospitals]]

Princess Margaret Cancer Centre

2015-01-22T21:05:56Z

192.75.165.28: /* External links */ Fixed OCI link (also, OCI renamed "Princess Margaret Cancer Centre"); added UHN link

{{refimprove|date=November 2009}}
{{Infobox hospital
| Name = Princess Margaret Cancer Centre
| Org/Group = [[File:University Health Network (emblem).png|30px]] [[University Health Network]]
| Image = Princess Margaret Cancer Centre - 2012.jpg
| Caption = Princess Margaret Cancer Centre with banner from The Princess Margaret Cancer Foundation's Billion Dollar Challenge
| Logo = 
| Location = {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Downtown Toronto]]
| Region = [[Toronto]]
| State = [[Ontario]]
| Country = [[Canada]]
| HealthCare = Medicare
| Type = Specialized/Teaching
| Speciality = [[Oncology]]
| Standards = 
| Emergency = No
| Affiliation= [[University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine|University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine]]
| Patron = [[Anne, Princess Royal]]
| Beds = 220
| Founded = 1952
| Closed = 
| Website = http://theprincessmargaret.ca
| Wiki-Links = 
}}
'''Princess Margaret Cancer Centre''', previously called '''Princess Margaret Hospital''', is a [[scientific research]] centre and a [[teaching hospital]] in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]], affiliated with the [[University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine]] as part of the [[University Health Network]]. The hospital now stands as the largest cancer centre in Canada <ref name="International Innovation">{{cite web|last=International Innovation|title=World Leads in the Fight Against Cancer, pg. 14-15|url=http://www.international-innovation-northamerica.com/magazines/NA10/index.html|work=Web page|accessdate=5 November 2013}}</ref> and one of the 5 largest cancer centres in the world.<ref name="thepmcf.ca">{{cite web|website=http://thepmcf.ca/Our-Impact/Top-5-Cancer-Research-Centre#scale}}</ref> Along with the [[Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre|Odette Cancer Centre]] (2nd largest in Canada, 6th largest in the world), which is also associated with University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, it forms one of the largest cluster of cancer hospitals in the world.

The hospital is situated near the intersection of [[University Avenue (Toronto)|University Avenue]] and [[College Street (Toronto)|College Street]] within the [[Discovery District]] of downtown Toronto, an area with high concentration of biomedical research institutions. Named for [[Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon]], the hospital is under the [[patronage|royal patronage]] of [[Anne, Princess Royal]].

The hospital specializes in the treatment of [[cancer]], and offers the majority of its services to residents of the [[Greater Toronto Area]]. It frequently hosts patients from other parts of Canada for access to a high calibre of treatment.{{Citation needed|date=October 2007}}. In particular, the hospital offers expertise in the fields of surgical oncology, medical oncology, hematology including bone marrow transplantation, radiation oncology, psychosocial oncology, medical imaging, and radiation therapy.

The hospital houses one of the largest radiation therapy departments in the world. It has 17 radiation treatment machines, all of which are equipped with the latest technologies including IMRT and VMAT, a superficial orthovoltage machine, and operates a [[Gamma Knife]] (Perfexion) stereotactic [[radiosurgery]] machine in collaboration with [[Toronto Western Hospital]].

==Education==
As a teaching hospital of the [[University of Toronto]], the hospital provides world class training to various medical professions. Most notable are clinical programs for medical doctors and radiation therapists.

==Research==
Its related research arm, the [[Ontario Cancer Institute]] (OCI), has made world-renowned contributions{{Citation needed|date=October 2007}}, and works in conjunction with the hospital in a mutually beneficial relationship. Many researchers at the OCI hold appointments at the University of Toronto, often within the Department of Medical [[Biophysics]]. The Princess Margaret’s research program ranked fourth in terms of the percentage of publications cited in high-impact oncology journals.<ref name="thepmcf.ca"/>

==History==
The hospital was founded as the Ontario Cancer Institute in 1952 by an Act of the Ontario legislature. Designed by the architect [[Henry Sproatt]], it was originally located at 500 [[Sherbourne Street, Toronto|Sherbourne Street]], beside the now demolished Wellesley Hospital, on Sherbourne Street north of Wellesley Avenue. The hospital at 500 Sherbourne was completed in 1958 and named the Princess Margaret Hospital after the [[Queen of Canada]]'s sister, [[Princess Margaret]]. In 1995, the hospital relocated to 610 University Avenue (the short building once was head office for Hydro Electric Power Commission of Ontario).

During health restructuring legislated by the [[Mike Harris|Harris]] Government in the late 1990s, then-named Princess Margaret Hospital merged with The Toronto Hospital which was the entity formed by the merger of the Toronto General Hospital and the Toronto Western Hospital. The new entity was named University Health Network and the three hospital sites retain their original names within the new entity. Like many hospitals, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre is served by a charitable foundation, the Princess Margaret Cancer Foundation, which holds numerous events and a [[lottery]] to raise philanthropic funds to support research, education, and patient care.

In October 2012, the Princess Margaret Hospital changed its name to Princess Margaret Cancer Centre.<ref name="PMCF Blog">{{cite web|last=Princess Margaret Cancer Foundation|title=The Name May Change But The Vision Remains The Same|url=http://www.blogpmhf.ca/Blog/PMHF-Blog/October-2012/The-name-may-change-but-the-vision-remains-the-sam.aspx|work=Web page|publisher=PMCF|accessdate=30 January 2013}}</ref>

==The Run or Walk to Conquer Cancer Event==
The 2nd Annual Journey to Conquer Cancer-Run or Walk was held on June 22, 2014 and offered 5 km, 3 km and 1 km options routed by The Princess Margaret. This event offered teams and individuals the opportunity to raise funds in support of any area of cancer research, clinic, lab or patient care programs at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre.

==Additional images==
{{cleanup gallery}}
<gallery>
Image:PMH Toronto 2007 Sunset.jpg|Princess Margaret as seen from the southwest at sunset.
Image:Princess Margaret Hospital 2005.JPG|The Princess Margaret as seen from the northeast. [[Mount Sinai Hospital (Toronto)|Mount Sinai Hospital]] is to the south.
</gallery>

== See also ==
* [[List of Canadian organizations with royal patronage]]
* [[The Ride to Conquer Cancer]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://thePMCF.ca/ The Princess Margaret Cancer Foundation]
* [www.uhnresearch.ca/institutes/oci/ Princess Margaret Cancer Centre - Research]
* [http://www.theprincessmargaret.ca/ Princess Margaret Cancer Centre]
* [http://www.uhn.ca/ University Health Network]
* [http://www.cancer.ca/ Canadian Cancer Society]
* [http://medbio.utoronto.ca/ Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto]{{Toronto_teaching_hospitals}}

{{coord|43.658248|N|79.390683|W|type:landmark|display=title}}

[[Category:Hospitals in Toronto]]
[[Category:Hospital buildings completed in 1958]]
[[Category:Hospital buildings completed in 1995]]
[[Category:Teaching hospitals in Canada]]
[[Category:Organizations based in Canada with royal patronage]]
[[Category:Hospitals established in 1952]]
[[Category:Cancer hospitals]]

List of 2014 FIFA World Cup controversies

2015-01-13T15:34:55Z

192.75.165.28: /* {{anchor|Uruguay vs Italy}}Uruguay vs Italy: Claudio Marchisio's Red Card and Luis Suárez biting incident */

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2014}}
{{EngvarB|date=July 2014}}
The '''[[2014 FIFA World Cup]]''' in Brazil generated various [[Controversy|controversies]], including demonstrations, some of which took place even before the tournament started. Most centred on [[2014 FIFA World Cup officials|officiating]], with international [[Referee (association football)|referees]] including [[Yuichi Nishimura]], [[Milorad Mažić]], [[Enrique Osses]], [[Peter O'Leary (referee)|Peter O'Leary]], [[Ravshan Irmatov]], [[Howard Webb]], [[Mark Geiger]], [[Carlos Velasco Carballo]], and assistant Humberto Clavijo coming under criticism for their performances. Furthermore, there were various issues with [[safety]], including eight deaths of workers and a fire during construction, breaches into stadiums, an unstable makeshift staircase at the [[Maracanã Stadium]], a [[monorail]] collapse, and the [[Belo Horizonte overpass collapse|collapse of an unfinished overpass]] in [[Belo Horizonte]]. The most notable disciplinary case was that of Uruguayan striker [[Luis Suárez]], who was disciplined after biting an Italian player during a game.

=={{anchor|Before the tournament}}Before the tournament==

==={{anchor|Protests}}Protests===
[[File:Protest against the World Cup in Copacabana (2014-06-12) 12.jpg|thumb|Anti-World Cup demonstration on the opening day.]]
{{see also|2013 protests in Brazil|2014 protests in Brazil}}
Prior to the opening ceremony of the [[2013 FIFA Confederations Cup]] staged in Brazil, demonstrations took place outside [[Estádio Nacional Mané Garrincha|the venue]], organised by people unhappy with the amount of public money spent to enable the hosting of the FIFA World Cup.<ref name="Confederations Cup opening protests">{{cite web |title=Brazil Beats Japan, Protests Spoil Confederations Cup Opening Day|url=http://www.voanews.com/content/brazil-japan-confederations-cup/1682679.html|work=[[Voice of America]]|publisher=[[Federal government of the United States]]|accessdate=16 June 2013|author=[[Reuters]]|location=[[Brasilia]]|date=15 June 2013}}</ref> Both the [[President of Brazil|Brazilian president]] [[Dilma Rousseff]] and FIFA president [[Sepp Blatter]] were heavily booed as they were announced to give their speeches at the 2013 tournament's opening,<ref>{{cite web |last=Peck |first=Brooks |url=http://sports.yahoo.com/blogs/soccer-dirty-tackle/sepp-blatter-brazil-president-dilma-booed-confederations-cup-201019866.html |title=Sepp Blatter, Brazil president Dilma booed at Confederations Cup opening ceremony |publisher=Sports.yahoo.com |date=29 May 2013 |accessdate=16 June 2013}}</ref> which resulted in FIFA announcing that the [[2014 FIFA World Cup opening ceremony]] would not feature any speeches.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fifa scraps speeches to avoid protest |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-26539972 |publisher=BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation) |date=12 March 2014 }}</ref> Further protests took place outside other matches during the Confederations Cup<ref name="Confederations Cup protests1">{{cite web |url=http://espnfc.com/news/story/_/id/1477993/confederations-cup-protests-continue-brazil?cc=5739|title=Confed Cup protests continue|date=17 June 2013|publisher=ESPN}}</ref><ref name="Confederations Cup protests2">{{cite web |title=Police clashes at start of Brazil Confederations Cup final |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-23121532 |publisher=BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation) |date=1 July 2013 }}</ref> as part of wider [[2013 protests in Brazil|unrest and rioting in Brazilian cities]], seeking to express disenchantment with the government's financial management of the country.<ref name="Confederations Cup opening protests"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://rt.com/news/brazil-protest-demonstration-unrest-741/ |title=Brazil despair: Protests over transport, inflation gain intl support (PHOTOS) — RT News |publisher=Rt.com |accessdate=18 June 2013}}</ref>

The weeks preceding the 2014 World Cup as well as the first days of the tournament featured further unrest and protests across the country against the spending.<ref name="World Cup protests1">{{cite web |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/05/16/world/americas/brazil-world-cup-protests/|title=Strikes, violent protests hit Brazil ahead of World Cup|publisher=CNN|date=16 May 2014}}</ref><ref name="World Cup protests2">{{cite web |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2014/06/16/world-cup-2014-17-pictures-of-shocking-violence-police-open-live-fire-anti-fifa-protesters_n_5498351.html|title=17 Pictures Of Shocking Violence As Police 'Open Live Fire' On Anti-Fifa Protesters|publisher=Huffington Post|date=16 June 2014}}</ref><ref name="World Cup protests3">{{cite news|title=Brazilian police fire tear gas at World Cup protesters; CNN employees injured by anti-riot weapons|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/06/12/world/americas/brazil-world-cup-protests/|publisher=CNN|date=12 June 2014}}</ref> However, in contrast to the Confederations Cup, security forces managed to prevent any protests reaching the stadiums.<ref>{{cite news|title=Has Brazil proved World Cup doubters wrong?|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-27866983|publisher=BBC|date=16 June 2014}}</ref>

While covering a protest for [[CNN]] during the 12 June opening game, reporter Shasta Darlington and producer Barbara Arvanitidis were injured. Arvanitidis was directly hit on the wrist by a tear-gas bomb whilst they were reporting the indiscriminate use of riot weapons.<ref>{{cite news|title=CNN producer left bloodied after trouble breaks out on day one in Brazil|url=https://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/blogs/the-rio-report/cnn-reporters-left-bloodied-trouble-breaks-day-one-135909960.html|date=12 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Brazilian police fire tear gas at World Cup protesters; CNN employees injured by anti-riot weapons|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/06/12/world/americas/brazil-world-cup-protests/|date=12 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Sao Paulo violent protests on World Cup opening day as journalist 'injured' amid rubber bullets and stun grenades|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/southamerica/brazil/10895328/Sao-Paulo-violent-protests-on-World-Cup-opening-day-as-journalist-injured-amid-rubber-bullets-and-stun-grenades.html|date=12 June 2014}}</ref>

Blatter said that the protesters "should not use football to make their demands heard",<ref name="Blatter">{{cite web |url=http://espnfc.com/news/story/_/id/1480149/protests-continue-brazil?cc=5739# |title=Brazil protests continue|publisher=ESPN |date=19 June 2013}}</ref> and that the public expenditure on staging the tournaments was on "items that are for the future, not just for the World Cup".<ref name="Blatter"/> President Rousseff responded with a public address in which she stated: "the federal money spent on the stadiums is in the form of financing that will be duly repaid by the companies and governments that are exploiting these stadiums".<ref name="dailymail1">{{cite web |url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-2346359/Brazil-president-Dilma-Rousseff-defends-public-spending-World-Cup.html|title=Brazil president Rousseff defends public spending on World Cup as protests continue|date=22 June 2013|publisher=Daily Mail}}</ref>

Former Brazilian footballer and now political figure [[Romário]] labelled the tournament "the biggest theft in history", saying that he believed its real cost would exceed [[Brazilian real|R$]]100 billion ([[Pound sterling|£]]26 billion/[[Euro|€]]32 billion/[[United States dollar|US$]]45 billion). He called for a deeper investigation into the widespread misuse of public funds, which he identified as the reason for the continuing protests.<ref>{{cite news|title= Romário diz que Copa de 2014 será o 'maior roubo da história' |url= http://oglobo.globo.com/esportes/romario-diz-que-copa-de-2014-sera-maior-roubo-da-historia-4345965 |date=13 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title= Copa será o maior roubo da história |url= http://diariodonordeste.verdesmares.com.br/cadernos/nacional/romario-copa-sera-o-maior-roubo-da-historia-1.303877 |date=13 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title="Copa do Mundo vai custar R$ 100 bilhões para o Brasil", diz Romário|url= http://esportes.r7.com/futebol/noticias/-copa-do-mundo-vai-custar-r-100-bilhoes-para-o-brasil-diz-romario-20110622.html |date=13 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title= Romário diz ao R7 que Brasil vai gastar R$ 100 bilhões na Copa |url= http://rederecord.r7.com/video/romario-diz-ao-r7-que-brasil-vai-gastar-r-100-bilhoes-na-copa-4e028547b51a4b961b36b283/ |date=13 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title= Romário volta a criticar organização da Copa: "o Brasil perdeu de goleada" |url= http://copadomundo.uol.com.br/noticias/redacao/2014/03/18/romario-volta-a-criticar-organizacao-da-copa-o-brasil-perdeu-de-goleada.htm |date=13 June 2014}}</ref> Nevertheless, he was criticised by the ruling [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] for receiving R$1 million to appear in two [[Television advertisement|TV advertisements]] which promoted the World Cup.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://copadomundo.uol.com.br/noticias/redacao/2014/05/16/pt-critica-romario-por-gravar-comerciais-de-copa-e-ele-rebate-mimimi.htm|title=PT critica Romário por gravar comerciais de Copa, e ele rebate: 'mimimi'|publisher=UOL|date=16 May 2014}}</ref>

Directly before the tournament, President Rousseff reiterated her assurances of the previous year that all the implemented public works had long-term benefits for Brazilians.<ref name="dailymail1"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2014/06/11/uk-brazil-worldcup-rousseff-idUKKBN0EM03Y20140611|title=Rousseff defends Brazil's World Cup spending, urges warm welcome|publisher=Reuters|date=11 June 2014}}</ref>

==={{anchor|Budweiser bill}}Budweiser bill===
After numerous deaths in football stadiums, Brazil passed a law in 2003 [[Alcohol law#Restrictions on sale and possession|outlawing alcohol sales]] in stadiums. FIFA demanded that Brazil allow alcohol sales at the World Cup because [[Budweiser (Anheuser-Busch)|Budweiser]], a major World Cup sponsor, was the "Official Beer of the FIFA World Cup", a role it had played since 1986. In response, Brazil passed a law paving the way for alcohol sales in the World Cup, nicknamed the "Budweiser Bill".<ref>[http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2012/03/07/148155110/brazil-moves-to-ease-soccer-beer-ban-as-world-cup-spat-with-fifa-grows Brazil Moves To Ease Soccer Beer Ban, As World Cup Spat With FIFA Grows], ''[[NPR]]'' (7 March 2012).</ref><ref>[http://en.mercopress.com/2012/05/10/brazilian-senate-approves-budweiser-bill-ending-dispute-with-fifa-over-world-cup-sponsoring Brazilian Senate approves ‘Budweiser bill’ ending dispute with FIFA over World Cup sponsoring], ''Merco Press'', (10 May 2012).</ref>

==={{anchor|Seeding of France}}Seeding of France===
There was some controversy before [[2014 FIFA World Cup seeding|the draw]], when FIFA decided that the European team in Pot 2 would be drawn there randomly.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/05/upshot/the-world-cup-draw-is-unfair-heres-a-better-way.html|title=The World Cup Draw Is Unfair. Here’s a Better Way.|publisher=The New York Times|date=4 June 2014|accessdate=6 July 2014}}</ref> Previously, the lowest-ranked European team was sent there. In this case, that would have been France, which wound up escaping [[2014 FIFA World Cup Group D|the tough draw that befell Italy]].

Many officials, fans and journalists complained, pointing out that a Frenchman, the FIFA secretary-general [[Jérôme Valcke]], suggested the change, and suspecting that another influential Frenchman, UEFA’s president [[Michel Platini]], helped approve it.

The next day, a headline in the Italian sports periodical ''[[Corriere dello Sport]]'' read: “2014 World Cup draw: What a scandal!”.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.corrieredellosport.it/calcio/opinioni/2013/12/07-343508/Sorteggi+Mondiali+2014%2C+che+scandalo%21|title=Sorteggi Mondiali 2014, che scandalo!|publisher=Corriere dello Sport|date=7 December 2013|accessdate=6 July 2014}}</ref>

=={{anchor|Group stage}}Group stage==

==={{anchor|Brazil vs Croatia}}Brazil vs Croatia===
[[File:Brazil and Croatia match at the FIFA World Cup 2014-06-12 (30).jpg|thumb|Referee [[Yuichi Nishimura]] (right) at the [[2014 FIFA World Cup Group A#Brazil vs Croatia|Group A opening match]]]]
Japanese referee [[Yuichi Nishimura]] faced heavy criticism for his performance in the [[2014 FIFA World Cup Group A#Brazil vs Croatia|Group A opening match]] between [[Croatia national football team|Croatia]] and the host team [[Brazil national football team|Brazil]] as several decisions favoured the host nation.

In the 71st minute, Croatia defender [[Dejan Lovren]] put his hands below Brazil striker [[Fred (footballer)|Fred]]'s arms in the Croatian penalty area, after which Fred fell down. Nishimura decided to award Brazil a [[penalty kick]] which forward [[Neymar]] subsequently converted for their second goal in a 3–1 win. The call was condemned by various sources, including former top-level FIFA referees,<ref name="Goal Meier">{{cite web |url=http://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/3841/world-cup-2014/2014/06/13/4879134/fred-should-have-been-booked-for-diving-brazil-blunder-ref-comes- |title='Fred should have been booked for diving' - Brazil blunder ref comes under fire |work=[[Goal.com]] |last=Voakes |first=Kris |date=13 June 2014 |accessdate=16 June 2014}}</ref> newspaper writers,<ref name="The Globe and Mail Brazil Croatia">{{cite news |url=http://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/soccer/world-cup/kelly-a-referee-undone-by-the-pressure-in-brazil/article19149880/ |title=Kelly: A referee undone by the pressure in Brazil |work=[[The Globe and Mail]] |last=Paulo |first=Sao |date=13 June 2014 |accessdate=16 June 2014}}</ref><ref name="Daily Mail Brazil Croatia">{{cite web |url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/worldcup2014/article-2656584/Brazil-2-1-Croatia-Neymar-scores-twice-escapes-sending-hosts-start-win-Sao-Paulo.html |title=Brazil 3-1 Croatia: Neymar scores twice (and escapes a sending off) as Oscar stunner rounds off opening win for hosts |work=[[Daily Mail]] |last=Samuel |first=Martin |date=12 June 2014 |accessdate=16 June 2014}}</ref><ref name="CNN Almasy">{{cite web |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/06/12/sport/football/world-cup-five-more-things/index.html |title=Five memorable moments from the World Cup |work=[[CNN]] |last=Almasy |first=Steve |date=13 June 2014 |accessdate=16 June 2014}}</ref> players from other teams,<ref name="AP Remy">{{cite news |url=http://tbo.com/ap/sports/remy-brazils-fred-should-be-punished-for-penalty-ap_sports054a0dfd6cb74da388d2d15989f3a999 |title=Remy: Brazil's Fred should be punished for penalty |newspaper=[[The Tampa Tribune]] |agency=Associated Press |date=13 June 2014 |accessdate=1 July 2014}}</ref> and fans in Nishimura's home country,<ref name="Japanese fans regret and 26th minute">{{cite news |url=http://tbo.com/ap/sports/japanese-fans-express-regret-over-nishimuras-call-ap_sportsacc2edcfdaa1487e8ac8f21b7c0e2901 |title=Japanese fans express regret over Nishimura's call |newspaper=[[The Tampa Tribune]] |agency=Associated Press |date=13 June 2014 |accessdate=1 July 2014}}</ref> saying that Lovren's contact was minimal and that Fred [[diving (association football)|went down on his own]]. 12 minutes later, the Croatians had an equaliser controversially disallowed for a supposed foul by Croatian forward [[Ivica Olić]] as Brazilian goalkeeper [[Júlio César Soares Espíndola|Júlio César]] went down in a high-ball duel, another call that was also condemned by many sources.<ref name="The Guardian live Brazil Croatia">{{cite web |url=http://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/jun/12/brazil-v-croatia-world-cup-2014-live-report |title=Brazil 3-1 Croatia: World Cup 2014 – as it happened |work=[[The Guardian]] |last=Glendenning |first=Barry |date=12 June 2014 |accessdate=16 June 2014}}</ref><ref name="Eurosport 1 Brazil Croatia">{{cite web |url=https://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/blogs/desmond-kane/forget-neymar-brazil-national-hero-yuichi-nishimura-225207798.html |title=Forget Neymar, Brazil’s new national hero is Yuichi Nishimura |work=[[Eurosport]] |last=Kane |first=Desmond |date=12 June 2014 |accessdate=16 June 2014}}</ref><ref name="Goal summary Brazil Croatia">{{cite web |url=http://www.goal.com/en-gb/match/brazil-vs-croatia/1220070/report |title=Brazil 3 - 1 Croatia Match report - Goal.com |work=[[Goal.com]] |date=12 June 2014 |accessdate=16 June 2014}}</ref>

Earlier in the game, in the 26th minute, Neymar elbowed Croatian midfielder [[Luka Modrić]], after which Neymar was issued a [[Yellow card (association football)|yellow card]]. Croatia was at that time leading the game 1–0.<ref name="Squawka News Brazil Croatia">{{cite news |url=http://www.squawka.com/news/brazil-2-1-croatia-neymar-double-saves-selecao-embarrassment/123118 |title=Brazil 3-1 Croatia: Neymar and Oscar complete Brazil turnaround in Group A opener |work=[[Squawka News]] |last=Hamouda |first=Omar |date=12 June 2014 |accessdate=25 June 2014}}</ref> Many critics agreed that Neymar's punishment was too lenient and that Neymar should have been issued a full [[Red card (association football)|red card]], which would have taken him out for the remainder of the game and left Brazil with just 10 players on the field.<ref name="Japanese fans regret and 26th minute" /><ref name="Independent Online Brazil Croatia">{{cite news |url=http://www.iol.co.za/sport/soccer/cup-competitions/japan-fa-defends-ref-nishimura-1.1704070 |title=Japan FA defends ref Nishimura |publisher=[[Independent Online (South Africa)|Independent Online]] |agency=[[South African Press Association]] |date=16 June 2014 |accessdate=17 June 2014}}</ref><ref name="Firstpost Brazil Croatia">{{cite news |url=http://www.firstpost.com/world/brazil-live-in-japan-football-fans-ashamed-of-referee-nishimura-1566939.html |title=Brazil Live: In Japan football fans 'ashamed' of referee Nishimura |work=[[Firstpost]] |last=Perera |first=Ayeshea |date=13 June 2014 |accessdate=17 June 2014}}</ref><ref name="Eurosport 2 Brazil Croatia">{{cite web |url=https://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/blogs/the-rio-report/7-truths-huge-waste-money-neymar-familiar-debate-021207374.html |title=7 truths: One big waste of money, Neymar and a familiar debate |work=[[Eurosport]] |date=13 June 2014 |accessdate=17 June 2014}}</ref><ref name="Republica Brazil Croatia">{{cite web |url=http://www.myrepublica.com/portal/index.php?action=news_details&news_id=77038 |title=Neymar should have seen red |work=[[República (Nepalese newspaper)|República]] |last=Ram Ranjitkar |first=Sri |date=14 June 2014 |accessdate=17 June 2014}}</ref>

Croatia had a potential equaliser disallowed, after a foul was controversially called on the Brazilian goalkeeper, [[Júlio César (football goalkeeper, born 1979)|Júlio César]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/blogs/desmond-kane/forget-neymar-brazil-national-hero-yuichi-nishimura-225207798.html |title=Forget Neymar, Brazil’s new national hero is Yuichi Nishimura |publisher=UK eurosport |date=12 June 2014 |accessdate=13 June 2014}}</ref>

Renowned former top-level FIFA referee [[Markus Merk]] questioned FIFA's appointment of Nishimura as the referee in the opening match, labelling the refereeing in the match as "embarrassing".<ref name="Merk Brazil Croatia">{{cite web |url=http://www.goal.com/en-us/news/67/world-cup-2014/2014/06/13/4879900/former-fifa-referee-refereeing-for-world-cup-opener-was |title=Former FIFA referee: Refereeing for World Cup opener was "embarrassing" |work=[[Goal.com]] |last1=Haji Talib |last2=Chotpibulsap |first1=Hassan |first2=Pitisak |date=13 June 2014 |accessdate=16 June 2014}}</ref> [[Massimo Busacca]], Head of Refereeing Development at FIFA, defended Nishimura's penalty kick decision and insisted that Lovren's contact was significant enough.<ref name="Busacca Weil Daily Mail">{{cite news |url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/worldcup2014/article-2657435/FIFA-chief-backs-referee-Yuichi-Nishimura-Massimo-Busacca-calls-fantasy-think-official-favoured-hosts-Brazil.html |title=FIFA chief backs referee Yuichi Nishimura, as Massimo Busacca calls it 'a fantasy' to think official favoured hosts Brazil |publisher=[[DMG Media|Associated Newspapers Limited]] |date=13 June 2014 |accessdate=17 June 2014 |last=Ziegler |first=Martyn |newspaper=[[Mail Online]]}}</ref><ref name="Busacca Brazil Croatia">{{cite news |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/worldcup/brazil-3-croatia-1-fifa-defend-underfire-referee-yuichi-nishimura-as-japanese-official-caught-up-in-diving-row-during-opening-world-cup-match-9535713.html |title=Brazil 3 Croatia 1: Fifa defend under-fire referee Yuichi Nishimura as Japanese official caught up in diving row during opening World Cup match |last=De Menezes |first=Jack |work=[[The Independent]] |date=13 June 2014 |accessdate=16 June 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140613182458/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/worldcup/brazil-3-croatia-1-fifa-defend-underfire-referee-yuichi-nishimura-as-japanese-official-caught-up-in-diving-row-during-opening-world-cup-match-9535713.html |archivedate=13 June 2014}}</ref> FIFA's marketing director Thierry Weil rejected suggestions that the Brazilians were favoured by Nishimura.<ref name="Busacca Weil Daily Mail" />

==={{anchor|Mexico vs Cameroon}}Mexico vs Cameroon: Giovani's two disallowed goals===
In the [[2014 FIFA World Cup Group A#Mexico vs Cameroon|Group A game]] between [[Mexico national football team|Mexico]] and [[Cameroon national football team|Cameroon]], Mexican midfielder [[Giovani dos Santos]] had two goals wrongly disallowed for offside in the first half. Replays showed that he was in line with the last defender for the first, whilst the ball came from a Cameroonian player for the second.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://metro.co.uk/2014/06/13/world-cup-2014-mexicos-giovani-dos-santos-has-two-goals-wrongly-ruled-out-for-offside-in-first-half-against-cameroon-4760966/ |title=World Cup 2014: Mexico’s Giovani Dos Santos has TWO goals WRONGLY ruled out for offside in first-half against Cameroon |work=[[Metro (British newspaper)|Metro]] |last=Duncan |first=Hannah |date=13 June 2014 |accessdate=16 June 2014}}</ref> Following the game, which Mexico won 1–0, Amy Lawrence of ''[[The Guardian]]'' described the tournament as having "incompetent officiating", and called for FIFA president [[Sepp Blatter]] to allow team managers to challenge two decisions per match with video review, a possibility that Blatter discussed before the tournament.<ref name="The Guardian Amy Lawrence Mexico Cameroon">{{cite web |url=http://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2014/jun/13/mexico-cameroon-disallowed-goals-referees-controversy-world-cup |title=Mexico’s disallowed goals add to World Cup’s incompetent officiating |work=[[The Guardian]] |last=Lawrence |first=Amy |date=13 June 2014 |accessdate=16 June 2014}}</ref><ref name="The Guardian Sepp Blatter video review">{{cite web |url=http://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/jun/11/sepp-blatter-video-challenge-managers-fifa |title=Sepp Blatter does U-turn over allowing video challenges in live play |work=[[The Guardian]] |last=Gibson |first=Owen |date=11 June 2014 |accessdate=16 June 2014}}</ref> On 20 June 2014, FIFA announced that they had removed the Colombian Assistant Referee responsible for the incidents, Humberto Clavijo, from further officiating at the tournament.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2014/06/20/uk-soccer-world-linesman-idUKKBN0EV1TI20140620|title=FIFA drops linesman who ruled out Mexico 'goals'|date=20 June 2014}}</ref>

==={{anchor|Spain vs Netherlands}}Spain vs Netherlands: Behaviour of Diego Costa===
Much attention ahead of the tournament had focused on the switch of Brazilian-born striker [[Diego Costa]] to the [[Spain national football team]]. Costa returned to his native land for his World Cup debut, only for his new team to lose 5–1 to the [[Netherlands national football team|Netherlands]] in their [[2014 FIFA World Cup Group B#Spain vs Netherlands|opening game in Group B]]. Jeers and insults were heard from the local fans throughout the match. Costa also noticeably headbutted his opponent [[Bruno Martins Indi]] during the game and was subsequently substituted by his coach [[Vicente del Bosque]] for striker [[Fernando Torres]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/fifa-world-cup-diego-costas-brazil-debut-for-spain-marred-by-defeat-and-humiliation/|title=FIFA World Cup: Diego Costa's Brazil debut for Spain marred by defeat and humiliation|date=14 June 2014|accessdate=14 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://sg.sports.yahoo.com/news/worth-time-diego-costa-step-spain-093000963.html|title=Was he worth it? Time for Diego Costa to step up for Spain|date=18 June 2014|accessdate=18 June 2014}}</ref>

==={{anchor|Germany vs Portugal}}Germany vs Portugal===
[[File:Milorad Mažić 2012.jpg|thumb||200px|[[Milorad Mažić]], referee of the [[2014 FIFA World Cup Group G#Germany vs Portugal|first Group G]] and [[2014 FIFA World Cup Group F#Argentina vs Iran|third Group F match]]]]
In the [[2014 FIFA World Cup Group G#Germany vs Portugal|Group G game]] between [[Germany national football team|Germany]] and [[Portugal national football team|Portugal]], there were some arguably dubious decisions on the referee's part, Serbian [[Milorad Mažić]].<ref>{{cite web|author=World Cup |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup/10898505/Germany-vs-Portugal-World-Cup-2014-match-preview.html |title=Germany vs Portugal: World Cup 2014 match preview |publisher=Telegraph |date= |accessdate=18 June 2014}}</ref>

In the 12th minute, Mažić awarded Germany a [[penalty kick]] as Portuguese defender [[João Pereira (Portuguese footballer)|João Pereira]] held back German midfielder [[Mario Götze]] in the penalty area, and gave Pereira a [[Yellow card (association football)|yellow card]] for the foul. The Portuguese players surrounded Mažić in protest, including a very agitated [[Pepe (footballer, born 1983)|Pepe]].<ref name="globeandmail-kelly-2014">{{cite news|first=Cathal|last=Kelly|title=Germany embarrasses flailing Portugal with ease|date=16 June 2014|publisher=''[[The Globe and Mail]]''|url=http://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/soccer/world-cup/kelly-germany-embarrasses-flailing-portugal-with-ease/article19185985/|accessdate=22 June 2014}}</ref><ref>[http://playtheadvantage.com/2014/06/16/thoughts-on-the-referees-day-five/ Thoughts on the Referees: Day Five: Milorad Mazic (SRB), Germany v. Portugal]</ref> Germany's [[Thomas Müller]] scored on the penalty kick to give the German team a 1–0 lead early in the first half.<ref name="Portugal coach Germany" /> The penalty call was questioned by several, including Portugal's coach [[Paulo Bento]], who called it "forced".<ref name="Portugal coach Germany">{{cite web|last=Gleeson |first=Mark |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/06/16/us-soccer-world-m13-por-quotes-idUSKBN0ER2LG20140616 |title=Soccer-Portugal coach accuses referee of favoring Germany |publisher=Reuters |date=9 February 2009 |accessdate=18 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=16 June 2014 at 09:49pm By Mark Gleeson |url=http://www.iol.co.za/sport/soccer/cup-competitions/portugal-coach-cries-foul-1.1704133 |title=Portugal coach cries foul - Soccer Cup Competitions |publisher=IOL.co.za |date= |accessdate=18 June 2014}}</ref> ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'''s Mark Ogden labelled it "another example of questionable refereeing at this World Cup as contact appeared slight, certainly not enough to force Götze, who made the most of the challenge, off his fit".<ref>{{cite news|first=Mark|last=Ogden|title=Germany v Portugal: Thomas Müller scores hat-trick after Portuguese capitulate following straight red card for Pepe|date=16 June 2014|publisher=''[[The Daily Telegraph]]''|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup/10904100/Germany-v-Portugal-Thomas-Muller-scores-hat-trick-after-Portuguese-capitulate-following-straight-red-card-for-Pepe.html|accessdate=22 June 2014}}</ref>

In the 37th minute, Portuguese defender [[Pepe (footballer born 1983)|Pepe]] headbutted Thomas Müller after Müller allegedly faked an injury,<ref>{{cite web|last=Peck |first=Brooks |url=https://sg.sports.yahoo.com/blogs/soccer-dirty-tackle/portugal-s-pepe-sent-off-for-clash-of-heads-with-germany-s-thomas-muller-165934099.html |title=Portugal's Pepe sent off for clash of heads with Germany's Thomas Muller | Dirty Tackle - Yahoo Sports Singapore |publisher=Sg.sports.yahoo.com |date=29 May 2013 |accessdate=18 June 2014}}</ref>
and was shown a straight [[Red card (association football)|red card]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Vaishali Bhardwaj |url=http://metro.co.uk/2014/06/16/silly-pepe-headbutts-thomas-muller-and-receives-a-straight-red-card-4763956/ |title=World Cup 2014: Pepe headbutts Thomas Muller and receives a straight red card | Metro News |publisher=Metro.co.uk |date=13 October 1993 |accessdate=18 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ftw.usatoday.com/2014/06/pepe-red-card-portugal-germany |title=Pepe’s silly red card for headbutting dooms Portugal, helps U.S. | For The Win |publisher=Ftw.usatoday.com |date= |accessdate=18 June 2014}}</ref>
Some commentators, including former World Cup referee [[Brian Hall (referee)|Brian Hall]], have condemned Müller for [[Diving (association football)|using theatrical action]] to "gain unfair advantage" by "tricking the referee".<ref>{{cite web|author=Mike DeCourcy |url=http://www.sportingnews.com/soccer/story/2014-06-21/world-cup-2014-germany-muller-merits-punishment-for-embarrassing-soccer-fifa-brazil/ |title=World Cup 2014: Germany's Muller merits punishment for embarrassing soccer | Sporting News |publisher=Sportingnews.com |date=21 June 2014 |accessdate=21 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smh.com.au/fifa-world-cup-2014/world-cup-news-2014/thomas-mueller-under-fire-over-reaction-as-pepe-sees-red-for-headbutt-20140617-zsa4s.html |title=Thomas Mueller under fire over reaction as Pepe sees red for head-butt | The Sydney Morning Herald |publisher=Smh.com.au |date=17 June 2014 |accessdate=17 June 2014}}</ref>
(By comparison, during Spain's [[2014 FIFA World Cup Group B#Spain vs Netherlands|game]] against the Netherlands three days earlier, Spanish striker [[Diego Costa]] headbutted Dutch defender [[Bruno Martins Indi]] but was not sent off, as the headbutt was not seen by any of the referees at the time.)<ref>{{cite web|author=Glenn McGraw |url=http://gamedayr.com/sports/diego-costa-headbutt-video-109913/ |title=Diego Costa Headbutt On Bruno Martins Indi Not Called By Refs |publisher=Gamedayr.com |date=13 June 2014 |accessdate=18 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Global Sport Manager |url=http://bleacherreport.com/articles/2096598-should-spains-diego-costa-have-been-sent-off-for-this-headbutt |title=Should Spain's Diego Costa Have Been Sent off for This Headbutt? |publisher=Bleacher Report |date=13 June 2014 |accessdate=18 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.offthepost.info/blog/2014/06/video-chelsea-bound-diego-costa-gets-away-with-a-headbutt-on-man-utd-target-bruno-martins-indi-esp-vs-ned/ |title=Video: Chelsea-bound Diego Costa gets away with a headbutt on Man Utd target Bruno Martins Indi (Spain vs Netherlands) |publisher=Offthepost.info |date=13 June 2014 |accessdate=18 June 2014}}</ref> The situation turned out to be the match's biggest talking point<ref>{{cite news|first=|last=|title=Pepe Red Card Hotter on Twitter Than Lionel Messi's Goal|date=16 June 2014|publisher=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|url=http://sports.ndtv.com/fifa-world-cup-2014/news/225911-fifa-world-cup-pepe-red-card-hotter-on-twitter-than-lionel-messi-s-goal|accessdate=22 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=|last=|title=Pepe's red card: The world responds ...|date=16 June 2014|publisher=[[ESPN FC]]|url=http://www.espnfc.com/fifa-world-cup/story/1885829/pepes-red-card----the-world-responds-|accessdate=22 June 2014}}</ref> with observer reaction generally centred on the condemnation of Pepe's actions<ref name="globeandmail-kelly-2014"/><ref>{{cite news|first=|last=|title=Mourinho criticises Pepe over Germany red card|date=17 June 2014|publisher=[[Eurosport]]|url=https://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/blogs/the-rio-report/mourinho-portugal-t-handle-top-teams-113217952.html|accessdate=23 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Kieran|last=Gill|title=Diego Maradona says Thomas Muller 'has no muscles' and labels Pepe 'ridiculous' and 'unprofessional' after Germany striker's hat-trick against 10-man Portugal|date=16 June 2014|publisher=''[[Daily Mail]]''|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/worldcup2014/article-2661232/Diego-Maradona-says-Thomas-Muller-no-muscles-labels-Pepe-ridiculous-unprofessional-Germany-strikers-hat-trick-against-10-man-Portugal.html|accessdate=22 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Mark|last=Doyle|title=The Real Madrid star cut a frustrated figure as his team turned in a woeful performance against Germany|date=16 June 2014|publisher=''[[Goal.com]]''|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ca/news/4950/international-soccer/2014/06/16/4888559/ronaldo-helpless-as-portugal-and-pepe-implode-against?ICID=TP_NL_17|accessdate=22 June 2014}}</ref> as well as to a lesser extent discussion whether Müller overemphasised the initial contact.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Poll|first1=Graham|title=Pepe was rightly shown a red card but Thomas Muller should've been booked for over-reaction to defender's stray arm in face|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/worldcup2014/article-2659314/Pepe-rightly-shown-red-card-Thomas-Muller-booked-reaction-defenders-stray-arm-face.html|accessdate=3 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Hayward|first1=Paul|title=Thomas Müller not to blame for Pepe's headbutt during Germany's 4-0 win over Portugal|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup/10904106/Thomas-Muller-not-to-blame-for-Pepes-headbutt-during-Germanys-4-0-win-over-Portugal.html|publisher=''[[The Daily Telegraph]]''|accessdate=3 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=|last=|title=Thomas Mueller under fire over reaction as Pepe sees red for head-butt|date=17 June 2014|publisher=''[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]''|url=http://www.smh.com.au/fifa-world-cup-2014/world-cup-news-2014/thomas-mueller-under-fire-over-reaction-as-pepe-sees-red-for-headbutt-20140617-zsa4s.html|accessdate=22 June 2014}}</ref>

Later on in the game, at the 75th minute, Mažić failed to award a [[penalty kick]] to Portugal, prompting much irritation from the players.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://metro.co.uk/2014/06/16/cristiano-ronaldo-left-fuming-after-portugal-were-denied-a-penalty-against-germany-4764034/ |title=Cristiano Ronaldo left fuming after Portugal are denied a penalty against Germany | Metro (UK) |publisher=Metro.co.uk |date=16 June 2014 |accessdate=16 June 2014}}</ref> Germany ended up convincingly winning 4–0, with Müller scoring three goals.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abola.pt/nnh/ver.aspx?id=484042 |title=abola.pt |publisher=abola.pt |date=6 June 2014 |accessdate=18 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/sports/football/world-cup-2014/germany-vs-portugal-live-fifa-world-cup-2014_789472.html |title=FIFA World Cup 2014: Germany vs Portugal - As it happened |publisher=Zeenews.india.com |date= |accessdate=18 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-gb/match/germany-vs-portugal/1220107/live-commentary |title=Germany vs. Portugal LIVE Commentary |publisher=Goal.com |date=16 September 2009 |accessdate=18 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Desporto |url=http://maiortv.com.pt/alemanha-portugal-hecatombe-em-direto/ |title=Alemanha - Portugal: hecatombe em direto |publisher=Maior Tv |date= |accessdate=18 June 2014}}</ref> In his post-match comments, Bento said Mažić showed "bias" on both occasions, adding: "I am not saying it was only the referee's fault. We also made mistakes but the circumstances of what happened in the first half made the rest of the game difficult for us... The sending-off was forced on the player. I don't know if it was because of Pepe's reputation. It depends what sort of a reputation you think Pepe has".<ref>{{cite news|last1=Wilson|first1=Paul|title=Portugal's Paulo Bento accuses referee of bias after rout by Germany|url=http://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/jun/16/portugal-paulo-bento-germany-world-cup|accessdate=3 July 2014|publisher=''[[The Guardian]]''}}</ref>

===Cameroon vs Croatia: Assou-Ekotto headbutts Moukandjo===
Much attention was given to apparent action of [[Benoît Assou-Ekotto]] to headbutt his Cameroonian team-mate, [[Benjamin Moukandjo]].<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/video/worldcup2014/video-1100706/Assou-Ekotto-headbutts-Benjamin-Moukandjo-World-Cup.html Assou-Ekotto headbutts Benjamin Moukandjo at the World Cup Assou-Ekotto headbutts Benjamin Moukandjo at the World Cup.]</ref> The incident was seemingly missed by officials, but was captured on playback. Assou-Ekotto later attributed this to frustration.<ref>[http://www.soccerladuma.co.za/news/articles/leagues/world-cup/benoit-assou-ekotto-reveals-why-he-decided-to-headbutt-benjamin-moukandjo/166580 Ekotto Reveals Truth About Head Butt: Benoit Assou-Ekotto Reveals Why He Decided To Headbutt Benjamin Moukandjo,] by SL International. Jun 21, 2014 02:00 PM</ref><ref>[http://www.cameroonjournal.com/AssouEkotto%20explains.html World Cup 2014: Assou-Ekotto explains why he headbutted team-mate MoukandjoBenoit Assou-EkottoTHE INDEPENDENT - Benoit Assou-Ekotto has revealed the reasons behind his decision to headbutt his Cameroon team-mate Benjamin Moukandjo.]</ref> Cameroon's [[Alex Song]] also earned a red card by elbowing Croatian forward [[Mario Mandžukić]] in the back in the same game.<ref>[http://www.foxsports.com.au/football/world-cup/cameroon-lose-their-heads-against-croatia-as-benoit-assouekotto-and-benjamin-moukandjo-clash-in-40-loss/story-fn9iws45-1226959650783?nk=3d3bad631602d06a1fed1bcba2b52bbb Cameroon lose their heads against Croatia as Benoit Assou-Ekotto and Benjamin Moukandjo clash in 4-0 loss,] June 19, 201410:01AM</ref>

==={{anchor|Italy vs Costa Rica}}Italy vs Costa Rica: Chiellini kicks Campbell===
In the [[2014 FIFA World Cup Group D#Italy vs Costa Rica|Group D game]] between [[Italy national football team|Italy]] and [[Costa Rica national football team|Costa Rica]], Costa Rican forward [[Joel Campbell]] was kicked by Italian defender [[Giorgio Chiellini]] in the penalty area while looking for a goal, but Chilean referee [[Enrique Osses]] failed to award a [[penalty kick]], enraging Costa Rica's coach [[Jorge Luis Pinto]]. Pinto shortly preceded to charge at the referee's assistant, with Costa Rica's staff and substitutes following his lead. Former World Cup referee [[Graham Poll]] later tweeted: "HUGE moment in this match, how have Costa Rica not got a penalty?! Joel Campbell gets behind the Italy defence to race through on goal, before he is clumsily brought down by a push from Giorgio Chiellini." Nevertheless, Costa Rican midfielder [[Bryan Ruiz]] scored a goal within a minute later, winning the game for Costa Rica 1–0.<ref>{{cite web|last=Rai |first=Rajvir |url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/worldcup2014/article-2663875/Costa-Rica-manager-Jorge-Luis-Pintos-fury-Joel-Campbell-denied-clear-penalty.html |title=Costa Rica manager Jorge Luis Pinto's fury as Joel Campbell is denied clear penalty | Mail Online |publisher=Dailymail.co.uk |date=20 June 2014 |accessdate=26 June 2014}}</ref>

==={{anchor|Switzerland vs France}}Switzerland vs France===
In the Switzerland vs France game, Dutch Referee [[Björn Kuipers]] was criticized for favoritism towards France. The second and third goal the French got, were questionably offside. Other referees were quoting "How was Matuidi's goal, a legit goal. It was clearly offside." In the 42nd minuted Switzerland had a corner kick, and then one of the attackers headed in a legit goal, that Referee [[Björn Kuipers]] disallowed for being called offside. Another Referee [[Nicola Rizzoli]] criticized the Dutch referee and was quoting "How can that be offside? especially when the second and third french goal were declared onside?" The game ended with a 5-2 win for France, but many fans and other referees were saying that the game should have ended with a 3-3 draw.

==={{anchor|Argentina vs Iran}}Argentina vs Iran===
During the [[2014 FIFA World Cup Group F#Argentina vs Iran|Group F game]] between [[Argentina national football team|Argentina]] and [[Iran national football team|Iran]], Serbian referee [[Milorad Mažić]] allegedly failed to award a [[penalty kick]] that would have favoured Iran. In addition to sparking a furious response from the Iranian players<ref name="metro-2014">{{cite news|first=|last=|title=Should Iran have had a penalty for Pablo Zabaleta’s foul on Ashkan Dejagah in the box?|date=21 June 2014|publisher=''[[Metro (British newspaper)|Metro]]''|url=http://metro.co.uk/2014/06/21/should-iran-have-had-a-penalty-for-pablo-zabaletas-foul-on-ashkan-dejagah-in-the-box-4770930/|accessdate=23 June 2014}}</ref> who rushed and bumped the referee,<ref>[http://playtheadvantage.com/2014/06/21/thoughts-on-the-referees-day-ten/ Thoughts on the Referees: Day Ten: Milorad Mazic (SRB), Argentina v. Iran]</ref> Mažić's non-call on Argentine defender [[Pablo Zabaleta]]'s penalty area challenge on Iranian midfielder [[Ashkan Dejagah]] in the 55th minute produced a post-match discussion on whether a foul had been committed. Iranian print media, including the ''[[Jam-e-jam]]'', ''Quds'', and ''[[Iran (newspaper)|Iran]]'' daily newspapers, lambasted Mažić over his decision not to award a penalty shot, citing him as the reason Argentina won the match,<ref>{{cite news|first=|last=|title=Iran media lament 'injustice' after Argentina World Cup meet|date=22 June 2014|publisher=''[[The Financial Express (India)|The Financial Express]]''|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/news/iran-media-lament-injustice-after-argentina-world-cup-meet/1263157|accessdate=23 June 2014}}</ref> Timothy Bancroft-Hinchey of [[Pravda.ru]] declared Mažić "either biased or incompetent" before proclaiming his 55th minute decision "a disgusting comment on the quality of referees chosen to manage the games of the FIFA World Cup",<ref>{{cite news|first=Timothy|last=Bancroft-Hinchey|title=Iran media lament 'injustice' after Argentina World Cup meet|date=21 June 2014|publisher=[[Pravda.ru]]|url=http://english.pravda.ru/news/sports/21-06-2014/127856-iran_argentina-0/#.U6fBkkBPg_d|accessdate=23 June 2014}}</ref> ''[[Metro (British newspaper)|Metro]]'' wrote that despite Zabaleta getting his toe to the ball when tackling Dejagah, "replays showed Iran should've been awarded a spot-kick",<ref name="metro-2014"/> ''[[Daily Mail]]''’s Matt Lawton<ref>{{cite news|first=Matt|last=Lawton|title=Argentina 1-0 Iran: Lionel Messi magic saves Alejandro Sabella as superstar fires home injury-time stunner to break minnows and reach last 16|date=21 June 2014|publisher=''[[Daily Mail]]''|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/worldcup2014/article-2664569/Argentina-1-0-Iran-Lionel-Messi-rescue-minute-stunner-Ashkan-Dejagah-scare.html|accessdate=23 June 2014}}</ref> and [[SB Nation]]'s Kevin McCauley<ref>{{cite news|first=Kevin |last=McCauley|title=Did Iran deserve a penalty?|date=21 June 2014|publisher=[[SB Nation]]|url=http://www.sbnation.com/soccer/2014/6/21/5830308/did-iran-deserve-a-penalty|accessdate=23 June 2014}}</ref> felt Dejagah had a "strong claim for a penalty". However, ''[[The Guardian]]'''s Barney Ronay<ref>{{cite news|first=Barney|last=Ronay|title=Argentina through after Lionel Messi breaks battling Iran at the last|date=21 June 2014|publisher=''[[The Guardian]]''|url=http://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/jun/21/argentina-iran-world-cup-2014-group-f-match-report|accessdate=23 June 2014}}</ref> and the [[Associated Press]]'s Karl Ritter<ref name="ritter-ap-2014">{{cite news|first=Karl|last=Ritter|title=Iran Coach Blasts Referee Who Waved Away Penalty|date=21 June 2014|publisher=[[Associated Press]]|url=http://abcnews.go.com/Sports/wireStory/iran-coach-blasts-referee-waving-penalty-24247756|accessdate=23 June 2014}}</ref> wrote in their reports that television replays suggest Zabaleta had gotten a touch on the ball first before bringing down Dejagah and therefore did not foul the Iranian. ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'' also thought that the call was correct: "[Dejagah] is screaming for a penalty, so much so that he almost manhandles the referee in his frustration. I've no idea why, as replays suggest Zabaleta won the ball, albeit a little clumsily."<ref>{{cite web|last1=Smyth|first1=Rob|title=Argentina v Iran, World Cup 2014: live|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup/10916423/Argentina-vs-Iran-World-Cup-2014-live.html|publisher=''The Telegraph''|accessdate=28 June 2014}}</ref>

Iran's coach [[Carlos Queiroz]] questioned the 55th minute non-call in his post-match comments, saying: "It should have been a penalty and [[Red card (association football)|red card]]. There's no excuse. There's nothing that can explain (why) this Serbian referee (did) not give the penalty. How can this guy sleep tonight, or for the rest of his life? With all respect, I would like to have the opportunity to have a one-on-one conversation with him. Why did he do that to us?".<ref name="ritter-ap-2014"/> Argentina's coach [[Alejandro Sabella]] supported Mažić's non-call, feeling that Zabaleta got the ball first in his challenge.<ref name="ritter-ap-2014"/><ref>{{cite news|first=Andy|last=Mitten|title=Queiroz slams ref after Argentina loss|date=21 June 2014|publisher=[[ESPN FC]]|url=http://www.espnfc.com/fifa-world-cup/story/1900202/carlos-queiroz-criticises-referee-milorad-mazic-after-iran-defeat-to-argentina|accessdate=23 June 2014}}</ref>

Two days after the match, the [[Football Federation Islamic Republic of Iran|Iranian Football Federation]] filed an official complaint to FIFA over Mažić's refereeing. Signed by the federation's general-secretary [[Football Federation Islamic Republic of Iran#Board Members|Mehdi Mohammad Nabi]], among other things it read: "Unfortunately the referee’s mistake altered the outcome of the game and helped the Argentine side edge past us".<ref>{{cite news|first=|last=|title=Iran complains to FIFA about referee’s poor judgment|date=23 June 2014|publisher=[[Press TV]]|url=http://www.presstv.ir/detail/2014/06/23/368272/iran-complains-about-poor-refereeing/|accessdate=23 June 2014}}</ref>

==={{anchor|Nigeria vs Bosnia and Herzegovina}}Nigeria vs Bosnia and Herzegovina: Džeko's disallowed goal===
During the [[2014 FIFA World Cup Group F#Nigeria vs Bosnia and Herzegovina|Group F match]] between [[Nigeria national football team|Nigeria]] and [[Bosnia and Herzegovina national football team|Bosnia and Herzegovina]], New Zealand referee [[Peter O'Leary (referee)|Peter O'Leary]] disallowed a goal to Bosnia and Herzegovina due to an incorrect offside call from his assistant.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/06/21/bosnia-offside-nigeria-world-cup_n_5518605.html |work=huffingtonpost.com|author=Chris Greenberg |title=Bosnia-Herzegovina Robbed Of Goal By Offside Call In Loss To Nigeria, Eliminated At World Cup|date=21 June 2014 |accessdate=21 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.goal.com/en-sg/news/5456/international-football/2014/06/22/4903320/dzeko-shameful-referee-should-be-sent-home-after-bosnia |work=goal.com|author=Peter Staunton |title=Dzeko: 'Shameful' referee should be sent home after Bosnia-Herzegovina loss|date=22 June 2014 |accessdate=22 June 2014}}</ref> There was also controversy over the lack of a foul call made right before Nigerian forward [[Peter Odemwingie]] scored a goal.<ref name="Nigeria 1-0 Bosnia-Herzegovina: Peter Odemwingie scores only goal as Edin Dzeko and Co crash out of World Cup">{{cite web |title=Nigeria 1-0 Bosnia-Herzegovina: Peter Odemwingie scores only goal as Edin Dzeko and Co crash out of World Cup |author=Joe Bernstein |publisher=dailymail.co.uk | date = 25 June 2014| url = http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/worldcup2014/article-2664718/Nigeria-1-0-Bosnia-Herzegovina-match-report-Peter-Odemwingie-scores-Edin-Dzeko-Co-exit-World-Cup.html}}</ref> Nigeria won the game 1–0, which meant that Bosnia and Herzegovina were mathematically eliminated from advancing to the [[2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|knockout stage]]. The referee was later pictured appearing to celebrate with Nigerian goalkeeper [[Vincent Enyeama]] after the match's end, an incident that Bosnian forward [[Edin Džeko]], the scorer of the disallowed goal, called "shameful".<ref>[http://www.buzzfeed.com/richardhjames/20000-sign-petition-after-referee-seen-celebrating-with-nige 20,000 Sign Petition After Referee Seen “Celebrating” With Nigerian Player.] Buzzfeed.com. Accessed 9 July 2014.</ref>

On 9 November 2014, Peter O’Leary, the game referee speaking to New Zealand Herald newspaper admitted Džeko's goal was disallowed in error.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/news/article.cfm?c_id=4&objectid=11355527 |work=nzherald.co.nz|author=Matthew Theunissen |title=Death threat ref's international return|date=9 November 2014 |accessdate=9 November 2014}}</ref>

==={{anchor|Cameroon vs Brazil}}Cameroon vs Brazil===

During a final group match in Group A, Brazilian striker [[Fred (footballer)|Fred]] scored a goal, while replays later showed he was offside. The assistant referee had missed it. Brazil eventually won 4-1.

==={{anchor|Greece vs Ivory Coast}}Greece vs Ivory Coast===
In the [[2014 FIFA World Cup Group C#Greece vs Ivory Coast|final Group C game]] between [[Greece national football team|Greece]] and [[Ivory Coast national football team|Ivory Coast]], Ecuadorean referee [[Carlos Vera]] awarded Greece a late [[penalty kick]] in the 91st minute of the match when he called a foul on Ivory Coast forward [[Giovanni Sio]] in a play where replays showed that Greek midfielder [[Georgios Samaras]] stubbed his foot into the pitch after the contact and fell down, which has been seen as controversial. Samaras converted the subsequent penalty kick to give Greece a 2–1 victory, which meant that they would advance on to the [[2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|knockout stage]]. Had the penalty not been called, Ivory Coast would have advanced in a 1–1 draw. FIFA, however, accepted the penalty by appointing the referee as Fourth Official on the Final.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Emons|first1=Michael|title=Greece 2 - 1 Ivory Coast|url=http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/25285284|website=www.bbc.com|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|accessdate=14 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Controversial penalty sees Greece to next round|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/controversial-penalty-sees-greece-to-next-round-30298|website=www.thedailystar.net|publisher=''[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]]''|accessdate=14 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Hart|first1=Simon|title=Greece vs Côte d'Ivoire World Cup 2014: Giorgios Samaras is Greek hero with late penalty to secure knockout place|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/worldcup/greece-vs-ivory-coast-match-report-giorgios-samaras-is-greek-hero-with-late-penalty-to-secure-knockout-place-9561005.html|website=www.independent.co.uk|publisher=''[[The Independent]]''|accessdate=14 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Hicks|first1=Brandon|title=FIFA World Cup: Greece 2, Ivory Coast 1|url=http://www.cbc.ca/sports/soccer/brazil2014/post-game/fifa-world-cup-greece-2-ivory-coast-1-1.2686287|website=www.cbc.ca|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]|accessdate=14 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Greece vs Ivory Coast: Samaras takes a tumble|url=http://www.goal.com/en-india/slideshow/8144/8/title/top-10-controversies-in-2014-world-cup|website=www.goal.com|publisher=[[Goal.com|Goal]]|accessdate=14 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Long|first1=Gideon|title=Controversial Samaras penalty sends Greece through|url=http://www.torontosun.com/2014/06/24/controversial-samaras-penalty-sends-greece-through|website=www.torontosun.com|publisher=''[[Toronto Sun]]''|accessdate=14 July 2014}}</ref>

==={{anchor|Croatia vs Mexico}}Croatia vs Mexico===
During the [[2014 FIFA World Cup Group A#Croatia vs Mexico|Group A match]] between [[Croatia national football team|Croatia]] and [[Mexico national football team|Mexico]], Uzbek referee [[Ravshan Irmatov]] denied awarding a [[penalty kick]] due to a possible handball by Croatian defender [[Darijo Srna]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Vertelney|first1=Seth|title=Mexico vs. Croatia: The good, the bad and the ugly|url=http://www.sportingnews.com/soccer/story/2014-06-23/world-cup-2014-mexico-vs-croatia-rafa-marquez-chicharito-hand-ball|publisher=''[[Sporting News]]''|accessdate=28 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Gaughan|first1=Jack|title=Croatia 1-3 Mexico - World Cup 2014 match report: Javier Hernandez, Rafael Marquez and Andres Guardado set up last-16 tie against Holland|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/worldcup2014/article-2664696/Croatia-vs-Mexico-World-Cup-2014-LIVE-Follow-Group-A-action-happens.html|publisher=''[[Daily Mail]]''|accessdate=28 June 2014}}</ref>

==={{anchor|Uruguay vs Italy}}Uruguay vs Italy: Claudio Marchisio's Red Card and Luis Suárez biting incident===
[[File:Uruguay 1 - Italia 0 - 140624-7248-jikatu (14318829377).jpg|thumb|340px|right|Uruguayan forward [[Luis Suárez]] (far back left) with the Uruguay national team at the [[2014 FIFA World Cup Group D#Italy vs Uruguay|Group D match]]]]
In the 59th minute of the game, Italy midfielder [[Claudio Marchisio]] had a high challenge on his opponent [[Arevaldo Rios]]. Marchisio was shown a straight red card, by the referee. Many Italian fans consider this decision really harsh, and that it was just a normal tackle which should have been a yellow card at most. Italy coach [[Cesare Prandelli]] backed up this decision and claimed that Mexican referee [[Marco Antonio Rodríguez]] had been showing bias against [[Italy national football team|Italy]], which had ruined the game for the Azzurri. Many other referees also considered this decision to be very harsh, and quoted "Marchisio had just a normal tackle on Rios, How is this a red card?" It was a huge controversial decision.

Around the 79th minute of [[Uruguay national football team|Uruguay]]'s [[2014 FIFA World Cup Group D#Italy vs Uruguay|final Group D match]] against [[Italy national football team|Italy]], Uruguay striker [[Luis Suárez]] clashed with Italian defender [[Giorgio Chiellini]] while waiting for a cross. Replays showed that Suárez lunged at Chiellini and bit his shoulder (Chiellini showed bite marks), followed by Suárez falling and clutching his face. As the Italian players protested to Mexican referee [[Marco Antonio Rodríguez]] for not penalising Suárez, Uruguay won a corner and defender [[Diego Godín]] scored. The game would finish 1–0 in favour of Uruguay, thus advancing Uruguay to the [[2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|knockout stage]] as the Group D runners-up and eliminating Italy.<ref>{{cite news |last=De Menezes |first=Jack |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/worldcup/luis-suarez-bite-uruguay-striker-accused-of-biting-giorgio-chiellini-in-latest-controversy-during-world-cup-clash-9560650.html |title=Luis Suarez bite: Uruguay striker accused of biting Giorgio Chiellini in latest controversy during World Cup clash |publisher=[[The Independent]] |date=24 June 2014 |accessdate=24 June 2014}}</ref><ref name="Uruguay Italy Summary BBC">{{cite web |last=Ogden |first=Mark |url=http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/25285368 |title=Italy 0 Uruguay 1 |work=[[BBC Sport]] |date=24 June 2014 |accessdate=25 June 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705095346/http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/25285368 |archivedate=5 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espn.co.uk/football/sport/story/318587.html |title=Suarez at centre of new biting row as Uruguay progress |publisher=ESPN |date=24 June 2014 |accessdate=24 June 2014}}</ref> FIFA announced, late on the same day, that it had opened disciplinary proceedings for Suárez.<ref name="Uruguay Italy Summary BBC"/><ref name="Suarez disciplinary proceedings FIFA">{{cite web|url=http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/y=2014/m=6/news=disciplinary-proceedings-opened-against-luis-suarez-2384766.html|title=Disciplinary proceedings opened against Luis Suarez|publisher=FIFA.com|date=25 June 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140625142449/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/y=2014/m=6/news=disciplinary-proceedings-opened-against-luis-suarez-2384766.html|archivedate=25 June 2014}}</ref><ref name="Suarez quote ESPN">{{cite web|title=Suarez claims 'these things happen' in biting row|url=http://www.espn.co.uk/football/sport/story/318665.html|publisher=[[ESPN]]|accessdate=27 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/25/sports/worldcup/apparent-bite-by-luis-suarez-mars-uruguays-victory-over-italy.html | title=Apparent Bite by Luis Suárez Mars Uruguay’s Victory Over Italy | work=The New York Times | date=24 June 2014 | accessdate=24 June 2014 | author=Borden, Sam}}</ref>

{{Quote box
|quote = These are just things that happen out on the pitch. It was just the two of us inside the area and he bumped into me with his shoulder and that's how my eye got like this as well. There are things that happen on the pitch and you should not make such a big deal out of them.
|source =— Suárez's post-match interview against Italy, 24 June 2014<ref name="Suarez quote ESPN"/>
|align = right
|quoted = 1
| width = 33%
}}
{{Quote box
|quote = I lost my balance ... falling on top of my opponent ... I hit my face against [Chiellini], leaving a small bruise on my cheek and a strong pain in my teeth.
|source =— Suárez's defence to the FIFA Disciplinary Committee, 25 June 2014<ref name="lostbalance"/>
|align = right
|quoted = 1
| width = 33%
}}
{{Quote box
|quote = ... the truth is that my colleague Giorgio Chiellini suffered the physical result of a bite in the collision he suffered with me ... I apologize to Giorgio Chiellini and the entire football family. I vow to the public that there will never again be another incident like [this].
|source =— Suárez on 30 June 2014<ref name="Suarez apology Twitter"/>
|align = right
|quoted = 1
| width = 33%
}}
Suárez had been found guilty of biting opponents on two previous occasions: [[Otman Bakkal]] in 2010<ref>{{cite web |url= http://english.ajax.nl/News/Archive/Article/Ajax-accepts-Suarez-suspension.htm |title= Ajax accepts Suarez’ suspension |work= Ajax.nl|publisher=AFC Ajax |date= 24 November 2010 |accessdate=25 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2010/nov/22/luis-suarez-biting-otman-bakkal |title= Luis Suárez: 'The Cannibal of Ajax'? |work=The Guardian |agency= Associated Press |date = 22 November 2010 |accessdate=23 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/clubfootball/news/newsid=1340434.html |title=Suarez banned for seven games |agency= Press Association |work=FIFA.com |date=24 November 2010 |accessdate=2 February 2011}}</ref> and [[Branislav Ivanović]] in 2013.<ref>{{cite news |last=Fifield |first=Dominic |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/blog/2013/apr/21/luis-suarez-bite |title=Luis Suárez's bite has proven again he is a liability, even at his peak |work=The Guardian |date=21 April 2013 |accessdate=21 April 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=David Cameron calls on FA to take hard line with Luis Suárez over bite |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2013/apr/22/luis-suarez-charged-biting-ivanovic |work=[[The Guardian]] |accessdate=7 June 2013 |first=Andy |last=Hunter |date=22 April 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Hunter |first=Andy |title=Luis Suárez says three-match ban is enough for biting Branislav Ivanovic |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2013/apr/23/luis-suarez-liverpool-fa-bite |work=[[The Guardian]] |accessdate=7 June 2013 |date=23 April 2013}}</ref> He received a seven-game ban for the first incident and a ten-game ban for the second, where he was criticised for not recognising "the seriousness" of it.<ref>{{cite web |title=Luis Suarez: Panel criticises Liverpool striker's reaction |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/22311782 |work=[[BBC Sport]] |accessdate=7 June 2013}}</ref>

On 26 June 2014, the [[FIFA Disciplinary Code|FIFA Disciplinary Committee]] banned Suárez for nine international matches, effective immediately, meaning he would take no further part in the World Cup. It was the longest such ban in World Cup history, exceeding the eight-match ban handed to Italy's [[Mauro Tassotti]] for breaking the nose of Spain's [[Luis Enrique (footballer)|Luis Enrique]] at [[1994 FIFA World Cup|USA '94]].<ref name="Ban2014">{{cite news |last=De Menezes |first=Jack |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/worldcup/luis-suarez-banned-fifa-hand-striker-record-ninegame-ban-and-a-four-month-football-ban-for-biting-giorgio-chiellini-in-biggest-ever-world-cup-suspension-9565686.html |title=Luis Suarez banned: Fifa hand striker record nine-game ban AND a four month football ban for biting Giorgio Chiellini in biggest ever World Cup suspension |date=26 June 2014 |accessdate=26 June 2014 |publisher=The Independent}}</ref><ref name="Luis Suarez suspended">{{cite news|title=Luis Suárez banned for four months for biting in World Cup game|url=http://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/jun/26/world-cup-luis-suarez-ban-biting-uruguay|accessdate=26 June 2014|publisher=The Guardian|date=26 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://abcnews.go.com/Sports/2014-world-cup-fifa-bans-suarez-games-months/story?id=24314667|title=FIFA Suspends and Fines Suarez for 9 Games and 4 Months After Biting Player|publisher=[[ABC News]]|date=26 June 2014}}</ref> He was also banned from taking part in any football-related activity (including entering any stadium) for four months and fined [[Swiss franc|CHF]]100,000 (approx. [[Pound sterling|£]]65,700/[[Euro|€]]82,000/[[United States dollar|US$]]119,000).<ref name="Ban2014"/><ref name="Luis Suarez suspended"/><ref name="Suarez suspension FIFA">{{cite web |url=http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/y=2014/m=6/news=luis-suarez-suspended-for-nine-matches-and-banned-for-four-months-from-2386354.html |title=Luis Suárez suspended for nine matches and banned for four months from any football-related activity |publisher=[[FIFA]] |date=26 June 2014 |accessdate=30 June 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140703172739/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/y=2014/m=6/news=luis-suarez-suspended-for-nine-matches-and-banned-for-four-months-from-2386354.html |archivedate=3 July 2014}}</ref> The severity of the penalty was due to the fact that it was Suárez's third biting offence, as well as what FIFA saw as a lack of remorse.<ref name="lostbalance">{{cite news|url=http://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/jun/28/luis-suarez-bite-balance-hit-face-chiellini|title=Luis Suárez bite defence: I lost balance and hit my teeth against Chiellini|last=Gibson|first=Owen|date=28 June 2014|work=The Observer|accessdate=29 June 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140711010720/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/jun/28/luis-suarez-bite-balance-hit-face-chiellini|archivedate=11 July 2014}}</ref> With Suárez banned, Uruguay lost [[2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage#Colombia vs Uruguay|their next match]] 0–2 to [[Colombia national football team|Colombia]] and were knocked out of the World Cup.<ref>{{cite news|title=James Rodriguez scores twice, lifts Colombia to first quarterfinal|url=http://www.si.com/planet-futbol/2014/06/28/colombia-uruguay-world-cup-commentary-recap-knockout-stage|agency=Associated Press|accessdate=30 June 2014}}</ref>

On the same day the ban was announced, the [[Uruguayan Football Association]] (AUF) said it would appeal against the decision.<ref name="Uruguay to appeal Suarez ban for biting">{{cite news|title=Uruguay to appeal Suarez ban for biting|url=http://www.dw.de/uruguay-to-appeal-suarez-ban-for-biting/a-17739744|accessdate=26 June 2014|publisher=Deutsche Welle|date=26 June 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140627111401/http://www.dw.de/uruguay-to-appeal-suarez-ban-for-biting/a-17739744|archivedate=27 June 2014}}</ref> Suárez's lawyer claimed that "we don't have any doubts" of a European-based campaign against Suárez.<ref>{{cite web|title=Luis Suarez: Uruguay captain Lugano dismisses 'bite' claims|url=http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28026610|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|accessdate=27 June 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705044030/http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28026610|archivedate=5 July 2014}}</ref> Various Uruguayan individuals defended Suárez, questioning if he had actually bitten Chiellini, and criticised the severity of his ban, including: [[President of Uruguay]] [[José Mujica]], who labelled the ban "[[Fascism|fascist]]" and called FIFA "a bunch of old sons of bitches";<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/06/26/us-soccer-world-suarez-president-idUSKBN0F101O20140626|title=Leave Suarez alone, Uruguay president urges|publisher=Reuters|date=29 June 2014|last=Schreiber|first=Irene|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140626073010/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/06/26/us-soccer-world-suarez-president-idUSKBN0F101O20140626|archivedate=26 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Luis Suarez bite ban: Uruguay President Jose Mujica insults Fifa|url=http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28085880|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|accessdate=30 June 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140701131027/http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28085880|archivedate=1 July 2014}}</ref> AUF president Wilmar Valdez;<ref name="Uruguay to appeal Suarez ban for biting"/> Uruguay captain [[Diego Lugano]];<ref>{{cite web|title=World Cup 2014: How Uruguay closed ranks over Luis Suarez|url=http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28029656|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|accessdate=27 June 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140710134942/http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28029656|archivedate=10 July 2014}}</ref> and Uruguay coach [[Óscar Tabárez]], who resigned from two FIFA posts in protest of the ban.<ref name="reactions">{{cite web|title=Luis Suarez: Uruguay coach Oscar Tabarez to quit Fifa posts|url=http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28058345|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|accessdate=28 June 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140630080740/http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28058345|archivedate=30 June 2014}}</ref> The Uruguayan media were also noted to have been in a defiant and defensive mood.<ref>{{cite web|title=Luis Suarez: global scrutiny after Giorgio Chiellini 'bite'|url=http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28015683|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|accessdate=27 June 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140626212347/http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28015683|archivedate=26 June 2014}}</ref> For non-Uruguayan parties, Chiellini, who was bitten, called the ban "excessive", while international players' union [[FIFPro]] called for Suárez to "receive all the support he needs" and that the "focus should be on the rehabilitation and serious treatment" of Suárez.<ref name="reactions"/>

Six days after the incident, on 30 June, Suárez apologised to Chiellini through [[Twitter]] and vowed never to repeat the incident, while writing that the "physical result of a bite" occurred in a collision with Chiellini.<ref name="Suarez apology Twitter">{{cite web |url=https://twitter.com/luis16suarez/status/483659463417548800 |title=Suárez's official apology |publisher=[[Twitter]] |author=[[Luis Suárez]] |date=30 June 2014 |accessdate=30 June 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140701015706/https://twitter.com/luis16suarez/status/483659463417548800|archivedate=1 July 2014}}</ref><ref name="Suarez apology The Guardian">{{cite news |url=http://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/jun/30/luis-suarez-apologises-giorgio-chiellini-bite |title=Luis Suárez apologises to Giorgio Chiellini for World Cup bite |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |last=Lucas |first=Dan |date=30 June 2014 |accessdate=30 June 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140707180448/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/jun/30/luis-suarez-apologises-giorgio-chiellini-bite |archivedate=7 July 2014}}</ref> Chiellini responded through Twitter indicating that all was forgotten and his hope that FIFA would reduce Suárez's suspension.<ref name="Suarez apology The Guardian"/><ref name="Chiellini response Twitter">{{cite web |url=https://twitter.com/chiellini/status/483671807380443136 |title=Chiellini's Twitter response |publisher=[[Twitter]] |author=[[Giorgio Chiellini]] |date=30 June 2014 |accessdate=30 June 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140701235301/https://twitter.com/chiellini/status/483671807380443136 |archivedate=1 July 2014}}</ref>

On 3 July, the AUF made the appeal against Suárez's ban,<ref name="AUF appeal">{{cite news |url=http://www1.skysports.com/football/news/12040/9370577/world-cup-uruguay-launch-suarez-appeal |title=World Cup: FIFA confirm Uruguay have appealed against Luis Suarez’s biting ban |publisher=[[Sky Sports]] |date=3 July 2014 |accessdate=3 July 2014}}</ref><ref name="Suarez suspended while appeal is pending">{{cite news |url=http://www.courant.com/sports/world-cup/hc-luis-suarez-suspended-0627-20140626,0,2075182.story |title=Luis Suarez's Bite Results In Nine-Match Ban; Uruguay Will Appeal |newspaper=[[Hartford Courant]] |agency=[[Reuters]] |date=26 June 2014 |accessdate=3 July 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140707191830/http://www.courant.com/sports/world-cup/hc-luis-suarez-suspended-0627-20140626,0,2075182.story |archivedate=7 July 2014}}</ref> but it was rejected by FIFA on 10 July.<ref name="Suarez appeal rejected FIFA">{{cite web |url=http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/y=2014/m=7/news=appeals-of-suarez-and-the-uruguayan-fa-rejected-sanctions-upheld-2403024.html |title=Appeals of Suarez and the Uruguayan FA rejected, sanctions upheld |publisher=[[FIFA]] |date=10 July 2014 |accessdate=10 July 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140711041429/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/y=2014/m=7/news=appeals-of-suarez-and-the-uruguayan-fa-rejected-sanctions-upheld-2403024.html |archivedate=11 July 2014}}</ref><ref name="Suarez appeal rejected BBC">{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28251964 |title=Luis Suarez's appeal against bite ban rejected by Fifa |publisher=BBC News |date=10 July 2014 |accessdate=10 July 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140711042532/http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28251964 |archivedate=11 July 2014}}</ref><ref name="Suarez appeal rejected Sky Sports">{{cite web |url=http://www1.skysports.com/football/news/12040/9378008/fifa-rejects-luis-suarez-appeal-against-ban-for-biting-giorgio-chiellini |title=FIFA rejects Luis Suarez appeal against ban for biting Giorgio Chiellini |publisher=[[Sky Sports]] |date=10 July 2014 |accessdate=10 July 2014}}</ref> With the ban not preventing Suárez from [[Transfer (association football)|transferring]] to another club,<ref name="Suarez no transfer ban">{{cite web |url=http://www.itv.com/worldcup/liverpool-keep-counsel-over-suarez-ban-reaction |title=Liverpool keep counsel over Suarez ban reaction |work=[[ITV News]] |date=26 June 2014 |accessdate=26 June 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140626233554/http://www.itv.com/worldcup/liverpool-keep-counsel-over-suarez-ban-reaction |archivedate=26 June 2014}}</ref> it was announced on 11 July that Suárez had agreed to move to [[FC Barcelona]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Luis Suarez: Liverpool & Barcelona agree deal for striker|url=http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28180600|accessdate=11 July 2014|publisher=BBC Sport|date=11 July 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140712035115/http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28180600|archivedate=12 July 2014}}</ref> Days before the transfer, Suárez's apology to Chiellini had been praised by various Barcelona individuals. Barcelona club president [[Josep Maria Bartomeu]] said the apology was "honourable", sporting director [[Andoni Zubizarreta]] welcomed Suárez as being "humble enough to admit an error" while new signing [[Ivan Rakitić]] commended Suárez's "character and strength".<ref>{{cite web|title=Barcelona claim Suarez is 'humble'|url=http://www.espn.co.uk/football/sport/story/320565.html|publisher=[[ESPN]]|accessdate=12 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Luis Suarez: Barcelona will meet Liverpool striker's release clause|url=http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28112887|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|accessdate=12 July 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140711130322/http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28112887|archivedate=11 July 2014}}</ref>

==={{anchor|Russia vs Algeria}}Russia vs Algeria: laser used against Russia===
[[File:Igor Akinfeev.jpg|thumb||220px|Russian goalkeeper [[Igor Akinfeev]]]]
The final [[2014 FIFA World Cup Group H#Algeria vs Russia|group stage match]] between [[Algeria national football team|Algeria]] and [[Russia national football team|Russia]] on 26 June ended 1–1, thus advancing Algeria to the [[2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|knockout stage]] and eliminating Russia. A win for Russia would have seen them qualify, and they led the game 1–0 after six minutes with a goal from forward [[Aleksandr Kokorin]]. In the 60th minute of the game, a moving green light, probably produced by a [[laser pointer]], was shone in Russian goalkeeper [[Igor Akinfeev]]'s face while he was defending from an Algerian free kick, which striker [[Islam Slimani]] scored from to equalise. Russia's coach [[Fabio Capello]] blamed the laser for the decisive conceded goal, saying "The goalkeeper was unable to do his job. The laser was in his face. It is not an excuse. You can see in the footage".<ref>{{cite news |last=Lowe |first=Sid |url=http://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/jun/26/algeria-russia-world-cup-2014-group-h-match-report |title=Algeria 1-1 Russia; World Cup 2014 Group H match report |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=26 June 2014 |accessdate=27 June 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140627002416/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/jun/26/algeria-russia-world-cup-2014-group-h-match-report |archivedate=27 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=World Cup 2014: Fabio Capello unhappy at laser shone at keeper|url=http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28051540|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|accessdate=27 June 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140627192142/http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28051540|archivedate=27 June 2014}}</ref>

After the match, the [[Algerian Football Federation]] (AFF) was fined [[Swiss franc|CHF]]50,000 (approx. [[Pound sterling|£]]33,000/[[Euro|€]]41,100/[[United States dollar|US$]]56,200) by FIFA for the use of lasers and other violations of the rules by Algerian fans on the stadium.<ref name="AFF fined">{{cite news|first=Simon|last=Evans|url=http://in.reuters.com/article/2014/06/30/us-soccer-world-alg-lasers-fifa-idINKBN0F52E220140630|title=Algeria zapped with FIFA fine over lasers|publisher=Reuters|date=1 July 2014|accessdate=2014-07-02}}</ref> Laser pointers were a prohibited item on the stadium, according to FIFA Stadium Safety and Security Regulations.<ref name="FIFA Stadium Safety and Security Regulations">{{cite web |url=http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/tournament/competition/51/53/98/safetyregulations_e.pdf |title=FIFA Stadium Safety and Security Regulations |page=96, "g" |format=PDF |accessdate=4 July 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101064105/http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/tournament/competition/51/53/98/safetyregulations%5fe.pdf |archivedate=1 November 2013}}</ref>

=={{anchor|Knockout stage}}Knockout stage==

==={{anchor|Brazil vs Chile}}Brazil vs Chile===
The [[2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage#Brazil vs Chile|first Round of 16 match]], between [[Brazil national football team|Brazil]] and [[Chile national football team|Chile]], resulted in some confusions and controversies.<ref>{{cite news|title=Brazil vs Chile: as it happened |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup/10928638/Brazil-vs-Chile-World-Cup-2014-live.html |author=Huw Turbervill |date=28 June 2014 |accessdate=28 June 2014 |publisher=The Telegraph}}</ref>

There was some doubt if the first goal of the match, scored by Brazil, was an own goal by Chile defender [[Gonzalo Jara]], although FIFA confirmed that the goal was scored by Brazil's [[David Luiz]].<ref>{{cite news|title=FIFA confirms Brazil’s goal vs. Chile in Round of 16 was scored by David Luiz, not ruled an own goal by Gonzalo Jara |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/sports/soccer/fifa-confirms-brazil-goal-scored-david-luiz-article-1.1848397 |date=29 June 2014 |accessdate=29 June 2014 |agency=Associated Press |publisher=NYDailyNews.com}}</ref>

English referee [[Howard Webb]] was criticised for calls which might have been too close or harsh, especially against Brazil: [[BBC Sports]] commentator and former England striker [[Gary Lineker]] said in a video that Webb made some "iffy decisions", such as denying a [[penalty kick]] award to Brazil forward [[Hulk (footballer)|Hulk]] at 13 minutes "that looked like it possibly was", and calling a handball against the same player at 55 minutes that was "a little bit harsh".<ref>{{cite news|title=BBC Sport - World Cup 2014: Brazil had to stay in tournament - Gary Lineker |url=http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28075954 |date=29 June 2014 |accessdate=29 June 2014 |publisher=Bbc.com}}</ref> Hulk had put the ball into Chile's net, but the referee ruled that he had controlled the ball using his arm. The goal was disallowed and he was shown the [[Yellow card (association football)|yellow card]]. Other commentators (including former England footballer [[Michael Owen]], via Twitter)<ref>{{cite web|title=Huge decision from Howard Webb to give handball against Hulk. I reckon he's got that one wrong |url=https://twitter.com/themichaelowen/status/482936103918641153 |author=Michael Owen}}</ref> also questioned the handball decision against Hulk (made by English assistant referee Michael Mullarkey) as being a call which might have been too close.<ref>{{cite news|title=Controversial handball call takes a goal away from Brazil - USA Today |author=Nick Schwartz |date=28 June 2014 |url=http://ftw.usatoday.com/2014/06/brazil-chile-handball-hulk-howard-webb/ |publisher=Usatoday.com}}</ref>

==={{anchor|Netherlands vs Mexico}}Netherlands vs Mexico===
[[File:Arjen Robben 20120609.jpg|thumb||220px|Dutch winger [[Arjen Robben]]]]
Towards the end of the first half in the [[2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage#Netherlands vs Mexico|Round of 16 match]] between [[Mexico national football team|Mexico]] and the [[Netherlands national football team|Netherlands]], while Dutch winger [[Arjen Robben]] was in the penalty box, Mexican defenders [[Rafael Márquez]] and [[Hector Moreno (footballer)|Hector Moreno]] had clipped Robben while Robben had no possession of the ball. The referee waved "play on". While the score was 1–1 during stoppage time (six minutes) after 90 minutes of play, Dutch winger [[Arjen Robben]] went down following a foul by Mexican defender [[Rafael Márquez]] in which Márquez stepped on Robben's foot, giving the Netherlands a [[penalty kick]] which striker [[Klaas-Jan Huntelaar]] converted for the game-winning goal, eliminating Mexico with a 2–1 win.
Robben, who has a reputation for [[diving (association football)|diving]],<ref>{{cite news|last=Pickup |first=Oliver |title=Arjen Robben joins list of top 9 football divers of all time, but where does he rank compared to the others? |newspaper=The Telegraph Online |location=United Kingdom |publisher=Telegraph.co.uk |date=30 June 2014 |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup/10935074/Arjen-Robben-joins-list-of-top-9-football-divers-of-all-time-but-where-does-he-rank-compared-to-the-others.html |accessdate=30 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Mokbel |first=Sami |title=Arjen Robben is a diving cheat ... |newspaper=The Daily Mail Online |location=United Kingdom |publisher=Dailymail.co.uk |date=30 June 2014 |url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/worldcup2014/article-2675374/Arjen-Robben-cheat-thats-former-Chelsea-winger-never-return-Premier-League.html |accessdate=30 June 2014}}</ref> was condemned widely in the press for his "theatrical fall" to earn the decisive penalty.<ref>{{cite news |last=Corder |first=Mike |title=Robben Falls Theatrically to Earn Decisive Penalty |newspaper=ABC News and Associated Press |location=USA |publisher=abcnews.go.com |date=29 June 2014 |url=http://abcnews.go.com/Sports/wireStory/robben-falls-theatrically-earn-decisive-penalty-24356894 |accessdate=29 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Poll |first=Graham |title=Referee Pedro Proenca fell for Arjen Robben's theatrical dive ... |newspaper=The Daily Mail Online |location=United Kingdom |publisher=Dailymail.co.uk |date=29 June 2014 |url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/worldcup2014/article-2674147/Referee-Pedro-Proenca-fell-Arjen-Robbens-theatrical-dive-sides-half-penalties.html |accessdate=30 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Borden |first=Sam |title=Dutch Mount Dramatic Rally With Theatrical Fall |newspaper=New York Times Online |location=New York, USA |publisher=nytimes.com |date=29 June 2014 |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/30/sports/worldcup/world-cup-2014-netherlands-tops-mexico-with-2-goals-in-final-minutes.html?_r=0 |accessdate=29 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Kane |first=Desmond |title=Shameful Robben might just cheat his way to World Cup glory |newspaper=Yahoo Eurosport UK |location=UK and Ireland |publisher=Yahoo Eurosport |date=29 June 2014 |url=https://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/blogs/desmond-kane/robben-diving-shameful-could-hold-key-dutch-glory-203628281.html |accessdate=29 June 2014}}</ref>
After the match, Mexico's coach [[Miguel Herrera]] was seen arguing with Portuguese referee [[Pedro Proença]] and later claimed, in an interview, "This was a World Cup where everyone was against Mexico."<ref>{{cite news|title=Miguel Herrera blasts refs after Mexico World Cup exit|url=http://fansided.com/2014/06/29/miguel-herrera-blasts-refs-mexico-world-cup-exit/#!52Po5|accessdate=29 June 2014|agency=Fansided|publisher=Josh Sanchez}}</ref> Later on, during a press conference interview, he elaborated: "Out of four matches we had three where the refereeing was disastrous and this was the worst. Robben did three dives for penalties that didn't exist. He had to be cautioned. If you do that to the guy who tries to cheat, then he can't cheat again."<ref name="Robben admits Daily Mail">{{cite news|title=Arjen Robben admits diving for a penalty... but not for the injury-time spot-kick that put Holland through to the quarter-finals|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/worldcup2014/article-2674266/Arjen-Robben-admits-diving-penalty-not-injury-time-spot-kick-Holland-quarter-finals.html|accessdate=29 June 2014|agency=Mail Online|publisher=Mike Dawes}}</ref> After the match, Robben admitted to going to ground too easily once during the game and said "I must apologize. The one [at the end] was a penalty, but the other one just outside the box I went to ground too easily. I shouldn't be doing that." Robben also said that a pair of fouls against him while he was inside the box during the first half should have been awarded a penalty.<ref name="Robben admits Daily Mail" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://nos.nl/wk2014/artikel/668577-robben-bevestigt-was-penalty.html |title=Robben bevestigt: was penalty - NOS Wereldkampioenschap Voetbal |publisher=Nos.nl |date= |accessdate=2014-07-20}}</ref> According to Márquez, Robben confessed to him at the end of the match that "It [the 90'+6 tackle] wasn't a penalty, though one of the previous was", which would contradict his press conference statement.<ref>{{cite news|title=Soccer-Robben confessed penalty unfair, says Mexico captain|url=https://sports.yahoo.com/news/soccer-robben-confessed-penalty-unfair-says-mexico-captain-223112758--sow.html|accessdate=30 June 2014}}</ref> The Dutch Football Association [[KNVB]] claimed that Robben's words were mistranslated.

==={{anchor|France vs Nigeria}}France vs Nigeria===
After the [[2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage#France vs Nigeria|Round of 16 match]] between [[France national football team|France]] and [[Nigeria national football team|Nigeria]], American referee [[Mark Geiger]] was accused by multiple Nigerian players, most notably midfielders [[Ogenyi Onazi]] and [[John Obi Mikel]], forward [[Peter Odemwingie]], as well as by Nigeria's coach [[Stephen Keshi]], of having bias towards France. Geiger was criticised for several calls throughout the game. This included a goal by Nigerian striker [[Emmanuel Emenike]] being cancelled for offside (although television replays suggest this may have been the correct decision); no [[Red card (association football)|red card]] for an apparent attempt by French striker [[Olivier Giroud]] to elbow Nigerian midfielder Mikel, no penalty being called against French left-back [[Patrice Evra]] for holding Odemwingie during a corner, a general lack of protection from the referee for persistent rough play and, most notably, only a [[Yellow card (association football)|yellow card]] being issued for a studs-in tackle by French midfielder [[Blaise Matuidi]], which resulted in midfielder Onazi's left leg tendon being torn apart and requiring surgery, and forced to be substituted for midfielder [[Reuben Gabriel]].<ref>{{cite news|title=ONAZI: MATUIDI'S TACKLE WORSE THAN SAUREZ BITE|url=http://africanfootball.com/news/436243/Onazi-Matuidi-s-tackle-worse-than-Saurez-bite|accessdate=2 July 2014|agency=AfricanFootball|publisher=Staff Reporter}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Mikel: Giroud meant to elbow me|url=http://www.espn.co.uk/football/sport/story/320449.html|accessdate=2 July 2014|agency=ESPN|publisher=ESPN Staff}}</ref> Several commentators like Allan Jiang of Bleacherreport and Patrick Johnson of Yahoo! News noted that the decisions significantly impacted the match, especially the forced substitution of Onazi, which changed the complexion of the game, depriving Nigeria of its most influential midfielder.<ref>{{cite news|title=Scouting Report: Should Arsenal Sign Ogenyi Onazi in the Summer Transfer Window?|url=http://bleacherreport.com/articles/2115432-scouting-report-should-arsenal-sign-ogenyi-onazi-in-the-summer-transfer-window?search_query=onazil|accessdate=2 July 2014|agency=Bleacherreport|publisher=Allan Jiang}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Soccer-Onazi injury allows France to break through to last eight|url=http://news.yahoo.com/soccer-onazi-injury-allows-france-break-last-eight-193401120--sow.html|date=30 June 2014|accessdate=2 July 2014|agency=[[Reuters]]|last=Johnston|first=Patrick|publisher=[[Yahoo! News]]}}</ref>

==={{anchor|Brazil vs Colombia}}Brazil vs Colombia===
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|quote = "I think they made a great choice with the referee, especially in those crucial moments when Colombia had the better chance in winning the game. [[David Luiz]] was systematically trying to injure [[James Rodríguez]] by fouling him six times and the ref never once pulled out a card. This is the worst ref I have seen in the last 10 years... When I saw FIFA congratulating the referee because he had such a great game, I asked myself, ‘What the fuck? What game were they watching?’ They probably mistook this game for a baseball game or a bullfight because they didn't watch this [Brazil-Colombia] game."|source =— [[Diego Maradona]] criticising the refereeing of the game.<ref name="Lopez">{{cite web|last=Lopez |first=Amy |url=http://sports.yahoo.com/blogs/soccer-dirty-tackle/maradona-angry-at-officials-in-brazil-colombia-game-171038640.html |title=Maradona angry at officials in Brazil-Colombia game | Dirty Tackle - Yahoo Sports |publisher=Sports.yahoo.com |date=2014-07-05 |accessdate=2014-07-20}}</ref>
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Filled with controversy, the [[2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage#Brazil vs Colombia|quarter-final]] between [[Brazil national football team|Brazil]] and [[Colombia national football team|Colombia]] saw a record number of [[Fouls and misconduct (association football)|fouls]] in a World Cup match (54 and only 4 [[Yellow card (association football)|yellow cards]]), including one committed by Colombian defender [[Juan Camilo Zúñiga]] on Brazilian forward [[Neymar]] in the 88th minute, which resulted in the striker's withdrawal from the match. Subsequent medical evaluation discovered a [[bone fracture|fractured]] [[Vertebra (anatomy)|vertebra]], forcing the Brazilian to miss the remainder of the tournament.<ref name="Neymar out for the tournament">{{cite news |url=http://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup-2014/neymar-out-world-cup-fractured-3813866 |title=Neymar OUT of the World Cup with a 'fractured vertebrae' suffered in quarter-final win over Colombia |newspaper=[[Daily Mirror]] |last=Daly |first=Jim |date=4 July 2014 |accessdate=5 July 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705095855/http://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup-2014/neymar-out-world-cup-fractured-3813866 |archivedate=5 July 2014}}</ref> After the match, which Colombia lost 2–1, Zúñiga insisted that he had not meant to injure Neymar.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/28173132 |title=Neymar: Injured Brazil forward ruled out of World Cup |publisher=BBC Sport |date=2014-06-04 |accessdate=2014-06-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://esportes.estadao.com.br/noticias/futebol,zuniga-diz-que-nao-tinha-a-intencao-de-machucar-neymar,1523807 |title=Zúñiga diz que não tinha a intenção de machucar Neymar |publisher=Estadão |date=2014-06-04 |accessdate=2014-06-04 |language=Portuguese}}</ref> Neymar's teammate [[Thiago Silva]] defended Zúñiga, stating that he is not the type of player who would purposely cause an injury to any player.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://espndeportes.espn.go.com/news/story/_/id/2127522/thiago-silva-defendio-a-zuniga-y-quiere-ganar-la-copa-por-neymar |title=Thiago Silva defendió a Zuñiga y quiere ganar la Copa por Neymar - Futbol - ESPN: Deportes |publisher=Espndeportes.espn.go.com |date=2008-01-01 |accessdate=2014-07-20}}</ref> On 5 July, it was revealed that Zúñiga had sent a letter of apology to Neymar, saying that he was "deeply sorry and sad" for unintentionally causing the injury.<ref>{{cite news|title=Zuniga apologizes to Neymar for tackle|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/dcunited/zuniga-apologizes-to-neymar-for-tackle/2014/07/05/e1a8bec0-0470-11e4-ae91-d5e5645b17c1_story.html|agency=Associated Press|accessdate=6 July 2014}}</ref>

Many media and football figures such as [[Diego Maradona]], criticised FIFA and Spanish referee [[Carlos Velasco Carballo]], claiming 'favoritism' towards Brazil, disallowing a goal from Colombian defender [[Mario Yepes]]<ref>{{cite web|last1=Worswick|first1=Carl|title=Referee not the determining factor in Colombia defeat|url=http://www.espnfc.com/team/colombia/208/blog/post/1934244/worswick-ref-not-decisive-factor-in-colombia-loss|website=espnfc.com|publisher=ESPN|accessdate=12 July 2014}}</ref> and allowing too many fouls by the Brazilians to occur without punishment, leading Colombians to play aggressively as well.<ref name="Lopez"/><ref>{{cite web|title=Brazil v Colombia referee: I am not allowed to discuss decisions|url=http://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/jul/05/brazil-colombia-world-cup-referee|website=theguardian.com|publisher=The Guardian|accessdate=12 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Burrows |first=Ben |url=http://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup-2014/world-cup-2014-james-rodriguez-3816818 |title=World Cup 2014: James Rodriguez slams referee Carlos Velasco Carballo as Colombia bow out to Brazil - Mirror Online |publisher=Mirror.co.uk |date=2014-07-05 |accessdate=2014-07-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Scott Murray |url=http://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/jul/04/brazil-v-colombia-world-cup-2014-quarter-final-live |title=Brazil v Colombia: World Cup 2014 quarter-final – as it happened | Scott Murray | Football |publisher=theguardian.com |date=2014-07-04 |accessdate=2014-07-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Ripley |first=Dan |url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/worldcup2014/article-2677300/Brazil-vs-Colombia-World-Cup-2014-LIVE-Follow-quarter-final-action-happens.html |title=Brazil 2-1 Colombia World Cup 2014 MATCH REPORT: David Luiz and Thiago Silva help fire host nation into semi-finals | Mail Online |publisher=Dailymail.co.uk |date=2014-07-04 |accessdate=2014-07-20}}</ref> There has been arguments that had Carballo properly controlled the game, fewer fouls (as well as Neymar's injury) would have less likely to have occurred.<ref>{{cite web|author=Simon Rice |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/worldcup/neymar-out-revealed--fifa-selected-lenient-referees-for-quarterfinals-9586697.html |title=Neymar out: REVEALED - Fifa selected lenient referees for quarter-finals - World Cup 2014 - Football |publisher=The Independent |date=2014-07-05 |accessdate=2014-07-20}}</ref>

==={{anchor|Brazil vs Netherlands}}Brazil vs Netherlands===
In the second minute of the third-place play-off, [[Thiago Silva]] pulled down [[Arjen Robben]], as he ran into [[Júlio César (football goalkeeper, born 1979)|Júlio César]]'s box with the ball for a clear goal-scoring opportunity. Under FIFA rules Silva ought to have been shown a red card, but he was shown a yellow card instead by the Algerian referee [[Djamel Haimoudi]]. The referee called for a penalty, while the foul happened outside the box, which was eventually scored by Robin van Persie. Haimoudi had another controversial call in the 67th minute, when he showed Brazilian midfielder [[Oscar (footballer, born 1991)|Oscar]] a yellow card for diving, the only such instance in this tournament, when replays showed that he was taken down in the box by opponent [[Daley Blind]]. Blind had to leave the pitch with an injury after the incident, further confiming that there was significant contact between the two players.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espnfc.us/fifa-world-cup/match/383240/brazil-netherlands/report |title=Brazil 0-3 Netherlands - Dutch beat hosts to claim third place at World Cup - ESPN FC |publisher=Espnfc.us |date= |accessdate=2014-07-20}}</ref>

===Germany vs Argentina===
In the second half of the final, German goalkeeper [[Manuel Neuer]] collided with [[Gonzalo Higuaín]] in mid-air, while trying to catch the ball inside the penalty box. The referee decided against the call for a penalty kick, although some also felt Neuer should have been shown the red card.{{citation needed|date=August 2014}} Former World Cup referee [[Graham Poll]] criticised the decision to award a free kick to Germany, instead of an Argentine throw-in, but however supports the view no penalty was justified.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/worldcup2014/article-2690814/Manuel-Neuer-clatters-Gonzalo-Higuain-World-Cup-final-similar-Harald-Schumacher-Patrick-Battiston.html Manuel Neuer clatters into Gonzalo Higuain in World Cup final... provoking memories of Harald Schumacher on Patrick Battiston.] By David Kent. Published: 21:07 GMT, 13 July 2014 | Updated: 08:12 GMT, 14 July 2014, accessed 24 Aug 2014.</ref> The incident reminded the ''[[Daily Mail]]''{{'}}s David Kent of a similar collision between another German goalkeeper, [[Harald Schumacher]], and the Frenchman [[Patrick Battiston]] in [[West Germany v France (1982 FIFA World Cup)|1982]]. However, many people argue that despite Manuel Neuer's high ancipitation in the football world, he truly deserved a red card. Furthermore, based on the videos showing the incident, Neuer tackled Higuaín rather than the opposite. Today, around social media, people say that Argentina were "robbed" of the World Cup Final.{{citation needed|date=January 2015}}

=={{anchor|Safety}}Safety==

==={{anchor|Construction}}Construction===
[[File:Cuiaba Arena.jpg|thumb|upright|A fire broke out at the [[Arena Pantanal]] in [[Cuiabá]] in October 2013]]
Stadium construction for the 2014 FIFA World Cup was plagued by accidents, cost overruns and delays, with eight workers dying in various accidents while building the World Cup's 12 arenas.<ref>{{cite web|title=Brazil World Cup 2014: Eighth death at football stadiums|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-27337339|website=http://www.bbc.com/news/|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=29 June 2014}}</ref> In late October 2013, a fire during construction of the [[Arena Pantanal]] at [[Cuiabá]] in [[Mato Grosso]] state came 24 hours after the state governor warned the stadium might not be 100 percent complete in time for the deadline.<ref name="yahoo1">{{cite web|last1=Tony Jimenez|first1=Andrew|title=Soccer-Cuiaba fire adds to Brazil's World Cup woes|url=http://sports.yahoo.com/news/soccer-cuiaba-fire-adds-brazils-world-cup-woes-205257620--sow.html|website=http://sports.yahoo.com/|publisher=Reuters|accessdate=29 June 2014}}</ref> Footage also emerged of fans climbing what appeared to be an unstable staircase made with [[scaffolding]] leading to the [[Maracanã Stadium]], before the [[2014 FIFA World Cup Group F#Argentina vs Bosnia and Herzegovina|Argentina–Bosnia and Herzegovina match]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Davies|first1=Wyre|title=World Cup 2014: 'Rickety' staircase leading to Maracana stadium|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-27878059|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=30 June 2014}}</ref>

==={{anchor|Breaches into stadiums}}Breaches into stadiums===
[[File:Maracanã 2014 a.jpg|thumb|upright|The [[Maracanã Stadium]] in [[Rio de Janeiro]]]]
At Chile's [[2014 FIFA World Cup Group B#Spain vs Chile|Group B match]] against Spain on 18 June, about 100 Chilean supporters who had gathered outside [[Maracanã Stadium]] forced their way in. They broke through security, after one fan pretended to be sick to distract the guard. They proceeded into the media centre, smashed the glass door, knocked over two partition walls and entered the stadium. Military police reported that 85 Chileans were detained during the events, while others had reached the stands. Earlier, on 15 June, about 20 Argentinians made a similar breach during the [[2014 FIFA World Cup Group F#Argentina vs Bosnia and Herzegovina|Argentina–Bosnia and Herzegovina match]] at the same stadium.<ref>{{Citation | url=http://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/jun/18/world-cup-2014-chile-fans-maracana-spain | last=Wilson | first=Jonathan | title=World Cup 2014: Chile fans invade Maracanã before Spain game | newspaper=The Guardian | date =18 June 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-06-18/world-cup-chile-fans-storm-rio-stadium-ahead-of-spain-game.html|title=World Cup Chile Fans Storm Rio Stadium And 85 Detained}}</ref>

==={{anchor|Violence between England fans}}Violence between England fans===
On 19 June during England's [[2014 FIFA World Cup Group D#Uruguay vs England|match]] against Uruguay in [[São Paulo]], an England football supporter was assaulted and had a piece of his ear bitten off by another England fan, [[Law enforcement in the United Kingdom|British police]] reported. [[Law enforcement in Brazil|Brazilian officers]] started an investigation after the attacked fan made a complaint, but the assailant could not be identified. The confirmation of the incident came after former England striker [[Stan Collymore]] tweeted that he had seen footage of a "fan attacked". The [[Association of Chief Police Officers]] issued a statement, following Collymore's tweet, with [[chief superintendent#United Kingdom|Chief Superintendent]] Rachel Barber of [[South Yorkshire Police]] saying: "Efforts are ongoing to identify the suspect and bring him to justice either in the UK or, if possible, back in Brazil where the offence occurred".<ref>{{cite news|title=England fan has piece of ear 'bitten off' at World Cup|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-28072902|publisher=BBC News|date=29 June 2014}}</ref>

==={{anchor|Monorail collapse}}Monorail collapse===
On 9 June, three days before the World Cup started, a concrete support beam collapsed during construction of [[Line 17 (São Paulo Metro)|Line 17]] of the [[São Paulo Metro]], killing one worker and injuring two others.<ref name="Monorail collapses BBC">{{cite news|title=Fatal accident on flagship Sao Paulo monorail|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-27774337|work=[[BBC News]]|date=9 June 2014|accessdate=5 July 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140704090344/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-27774337|archivedate=4 July 2014}}</ref> Completion for the line, which would connect [[Congonhas-São Paulo Airport]] to three other lines in the monorail network, was scheduled for the start of the tournament, but construction was delayed as it did not receive environmental approvals, and was expected to be completed by the second half of 2015.<ref name="Monorail collapses O Globo">{{cite news|title=Parte de estrutura do monotrilho cai e deixa um morto na Zona Sul de SP|url=http://oglobo.globo.com/brasil/parte-de-estrutura-do-monotrilho-cai-deixa-um-morto-na-zona-sul-de-sp-12778959|work=[[O Globo]]|language=Portuguese|date=9 June 2014|accessdate=5 July 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140611091817/http://oglobo.globo.com/brasil/parte-de-estrutura-do-monotrilho-cai-deixa-um-morto-na-zona-sul-de-sp-12778959|archivedate=11 June 2014}}</ref><ref name="Monorail collapses Business Insider">{{cite news|title=One Dead After Part Of Unfinished Monorail Being Built For World Cup Collapses In São Paulo|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/sao-paulo-monorail-collapses-one-dead-2014-6|last=Manfred|first=Tony|publisher=[[Business Insider]]|date=10 June 2014|accessdate=5 July 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140610184430/http://www.businessinsider.com/sao-paulo-monorail-collapses-one-dead-2014-6|archivedate=10 June 2014}}</ref>

==={{anchor|Bridge collapse}}Bridge collapse===
{{main|Belo Horizonte overpass collapse}}
On 3 July, an [[overpass]] under construction in [[Belo Horizonte]] as part of the World Cup [[infrastructure]] projects collapsed onto a busy [[carriageway]] below, leaving two people dead and 22 others injured. One witness blamed the accelerated construction schedules and the "incompetence" of the authorities and businesses for the disaster.<ref name="Overpass collapses BBC">{{cite news |url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-28155216 |title=Flyover collapses in Brazil World Cup host city |work=[[BBC News]] |date=4 July 2014 |accessdate=4 July 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705021338/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-28155216 |archivedate=5 July 2014}}</ref><ref name="Overpass collapses Reuters">{{cite news |title=Overpass collapses in World Cup city, crushes vehicles |agency=[[Reuters]] |date=3 July 2014 |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/07/03/us-brazil-worldcup-accident-idUSKBN0F82A220140703 |last=Cawthorne |first=Andrew |accessdate=4 July 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705040415/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/07/03/us-brazil-worldcup-accident-idUSKBN0F82A220140703 |archivedate=5 July 2014}}</ref>

===Head injuries===
During the tournament, FIFA received significant criticism for the way head injuries are handled during matches. Two incidents in particular attracted the most attention. First, in a group stage match, after Uruguayan defender [[Álvaro Pereira]] received a blow to the head, he lay unconscious.<ref>[http://www.smh.com.au/fifa-world-cup-2014/world-cup-news-2014/alvaro-pereira-knocked-out-then-raring-to-go-20140620-zsfqt.html Alvaro Pereira, knocked out then raring to go]</ref> The Uruguayan doctor signaled for the player to be substituted, but he returned to the match. The incident drew criticism from the professional players' union FIFPro, and from Michel D'Hooghe, a member of the FIFA executive board and chairman of its medical committee.<ref>[http://www.si.com/soccer/2014/07/13/ap-soc-wcup-final-concussion "Kramer head injury revives concussion concern"], Sports Illustrated, 13 July 2014.</ref>

Second, in the Final, German midfielder [[Christoph Kramer]] received a blow to the head from a collision in the 14th minute, but returned to the match before collapsing in the 31st minute. During that time, Kramer was disoriented and confused, and asked the referee [[Nicola Rizzoli]] whether the match he was playing in was the World Cup Final.<ref>[http://www.si.com/planet-futbol/2014/07/17/christoph-kramer-germany-didnt-know-world-cup-final-referee "Referee: Christoph Kramer unsure it was World Cup final after head blow"], Sports Illustrated, 17 July 2014.</ref>

== Aftermath ==
{{cleanup|reason=machine translation|date=July 2014}}
[[File:Die Mannschaft auf dem Weg zur Fanmeile, Berlin (15.07.2014) (14474424817).jpg|thumb|Behaviour by some members of the victorious German team in their celebration in Berlin was deemed disrespectful by media in Argentina]]
There was controversy over Germany's victory celebration, which included a parody of the South American [[Gaucho dance]]. This event was later termed as "Gauchogate".

As the national team had arrived on 15 July 2014 the tribune of the fan zone at the [[Brandenburg Gate]] in [[Berlin]], voted as the national player [[Roman Weidenfeller]], [[Shkodran Mustafi]], [[André Schürrle]], [[Miroslav Klose]], [[Mario Götze]] and [[Toni Kroos]] a song of victory at, for [[Chorus form|chorus]] of [[nursery rhyme]] it'' I know a cowboy, the cowboy is called Bill''.<ref>[http://www.welt.de/sport/fussball/wm-2014/article130215880/Die-Wahrheit-ueber-den-Gaucho-Gesang.html '' The truth about the gaucho singing''], [[Die Welt]], July 16, 2014</ref> They sang: "So go the [[Gaucho]]s, the Gauchos go so so go the Gauchos Gauchos go like this ... " in a stooped posture. When changing to the second [[Verse–chorus form|verse]] they took a more upright posture and sang: "So go the Germans, the Germans who go so ..." Then they asked the fans to join in the singing. Just a few hours later, the name ''Gauchogate''<ref name = "TWP_20140716"/> was established on the social network [[Twitter]] for the response to this action.

The song caused irritation in the media landscape as well as in social networks: "crazy idea" (Welt.de) and "bad pastiche" (Faz.net) and "the most controversial shitstorm of the Year" (handelsblatt.com). They ranged from
appeasement, that it was only a harmless song that was sung in the intoxication of joy, to the classification as a mockery of the World Cup final opponent with a clearly racist tendency. The Argentine sports newspaper ''Olé'' described the scene as a polemical and the radio station Continental in [[Buenos Aires]] likened the scene and attitude to the Nazis.

{{Quote|With a debate already on here about the return of patriotism in a nation long uncomfortable with the notion in the years after World War II, the inference landed like a bomb. After the Germans generally held themselves with grace in victory after their 7-1 thrashing of Brazil in the semi-final, for some, the grandstanding put more than a little tarnish on Germany's glistening trophy, generating outrage as well as outright charges of racism.|Anthony Faiola<ref name = "TWP_20140716">{{Internetquelle
| url= http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2014/07/16/racist-or-playful-the-german-soccer-teams-gaucho-dance/
| titel= Racist or playful? The German soccer team’s ‘gaucho dance’ | titelerg=
| autor= Anthony Faiola
| hrsg= The Washington Post | werk= | seiten=
| datum= 2014-07-16 | archiv-url= | archiv-datum=
| zugriff= 2014-07-17
| format= | kommentar=
| zitat= They are already calling it Gauchogate. | offline=
}}</ref>}}
{{Quote|Germans, according to themselves, look from above. They are a different race...|''Olé''<ref>[http://www.ole.com.ar/mundial/alemania/llevan-sangre_0_1175282679.html Olé]</ref>}}

==See also==
*[[2014 FIFA World Cup discipline]]

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

{{2014 FIFA World Cup}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of 2014 Fifa World Cup Controversies}}
[[Category:2014 FIFA World Cup|Controversies]]
[[Category:FIFA World Cup controversies|2014]]
[[Category:2014 controversies]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of Brazil]]

Patrick Gullane

2014-12-22T20:30:41Z

192.75.165.28:

{{Multiple issues|
{{BLP sources|date=August 2011}}
{{no footnotes|date=August 2011}}
}}

'''Patrick Gullane''', [[Order of Canada|CM]], [[Bachelor of Medicine|MB]], [[Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada|FRCSC]], [[Fellow of the American College of Surgeons|FACS]], [[Royal Australasian College of Surgeons|FRACS]] (Hon), [[Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons|FRCS]] (Hon), [[Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland|FRCSI]] (Hon)
{{break}}
Professor, Department of [[Otolaryngology]]-Head and Neck Surgery,
{{break}}
Professor of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, [[University of Toronto]]<ref>http://www.theprincessmargaret.ca/en/findaperson/pages/clinicianprofile.aspx?personid=346</ref>

Dr. Patrick Gullane was born in Ireland and received his medical degree from [[National University of Ireland, Galway]], in 1970. He is a Fellow of the [[Royal College of Surgeons of Canada]] and certified by the American Board of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. In 1975, he was selected as the McLaughlin Fellow and then pursued advanced Fellowship training in Head and Neck Oncology in Pittsburgh and New York.

In 1978, Dr. Gullane was appointed to the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Western Ontario in London, Ontario. He was subsequently recruited to the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Toronto in 1983 and currently holds the Wharton Chair in Head and Neck Surgery at [[University Health Network]] and University of Toronto. In 1989, he was appointed Otolaryngologist-in-Chief at University Health Network, and in 2002, was appointed Professor and Chair of the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto. He concluded his second term as Chair in June 2012.

Dr. Gullane is a national and international leader in Head and Neck Surgery and has been invited as a visiting professor to over 83 countries, lecturing on all aspects of Head and Neck [[Oncology]]. He has delivered over 830 invited and keynote presentations, including the Eugene Myers International lecture at the American Academy of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) annual meeting September 2006, the Sir Peter Freyer Memorial lecture to the Irish surgical Forum NUI-Galway in 2009, the John J. Conley lecture to the American Head & Neck Society in 2012 , the 87th Abraham Colles lecture at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in February 2012 and the Hayes Martin lecture at the 5th World Congress of IFHNOS and annual meeting of the American Head & Neck Society in New York in July 2014. He was one of six International Faculty leaders who conducted the IFHNOS Head and Neck World Tour Program in 2008.

Dr. Gullane has published 337 papers in [[peer-reviewed]] journals and 92 chapters in textbooks. In addition, he has published 10 books on various aspects of Head and Neck Surgery. His textbook, ‘Head & Neck Surgery and Oncology,’ was awarded the George Davey Howells Prize from the University of London, cited as the best published book in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in the preceding five years. Currently, Dr. Gullane is a member on the Editorial Board of ten journals.
He has served as president of the American Head & Neck Society, The North American Skull Base Society, president of the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and vice-president of the Triological Society.

In recognition of his distinguished achievements, Dr. Gullane was awarded an Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons in 2006, Honorary Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons of England in 2010 and an Honorary Fellowship in the Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland in 2012. He was elected to Fellowship in the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences in 2011 and in 2010, was appointed as a Member to the Order of Canada by the Governor General of Canada, cited for his inspiration of young surgeons and his contributions to the field of Head and Neck Surgery. In 2014, in recognition of his outstanding contributions, an endowed Chair was named in his honour at the University Health Network/University of Toronto. Finally, he has facilitated the establishment of four University-Hospital Chairs: Head & Neck Surgery, Reconstruction, Radiation Oncology, and Basic Science, from private funding donations in excess of $14.5 million with continued funding to the present time.

Dr. Pat Gullane is married to Dr. Barbara Cruickshank, an obstetrician/gynaecologist. He has two children, Kira and John.

==External links==
* {{Cite news |url=http://www.surgicalspotlight.ca/Article.aspx?ver=Spring_2010&f=GullaneOrderofCanada/ |title=
Pat Gullane: Member of Order of Canada |publisher=University of Toronto |date=Spring 2010 |accessdate=22 December 2014}}

* {{Cite news|url=http://www.theprincessmargaret.ca/en/findaperson/pages/clinicianprofile.aspx?personid=346/ |title=CLINICIAN PROFILE| publisher=University Health Network|date=22 June 2012 |accessdate=22 December 2014}}

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Gullane, Patrick
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Canadian academic
| DATE OF BIRTH =
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gullane, Patrick}}
[[Category:People from Ballinasloe]]
[[Category:Irish emigrants to Canada]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:University of Toronto faculty]]
[[Category:People from County Galway]]

Patrick Gullane

2014-12-22T20:23:42Z

192.75.165.28: added and updated current professional designations, work. added external link. removed flowery language.

{{Multiple issues|
{{BLP sources|date=August 2011}}
{{no footnotes|date=August 2011}}
}}

'''Patrick Gullane''', [[Order of Canada|CM]], [[Bachelor of Medicine|MB]], [[Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada|FRCSC]], [[Fellow of the American College of Surgeons|FACS]], [[Royal Australasian College of Surgeons|FRACS]] (Hon), [[Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons|FRCS]] (Hon), [[Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland|FRCSI]] (Hon)
{{break}}
Professor, Department of [[Otolaryngology]]-Head and Neck Surgery,
{{break}}
Professor of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, [[University of Toronto]]<ref>http://www.theprincessmargaret.ca/en/findaperson/pages/clinicianprofile.aspx?personid=346</ref>

Dr. Patrick Gullane was born in Ireland and received his medical degree from [[National University of Ireland, Galway]], in 1970. He is a Fellow of the [[Royal College of Surgeons of Canada]] and certified by the American Board of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. In 1975, he was selected as the McLaughlin Fellow and then pursued advanced Fellowship training in Head and Neck Oncology in Pittsburgh and New York.

In 1978, Dr. Gullane was appointed to the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Western Ontario in London, Ontario. He was subsequently recruited to the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Toronto in 1983 and currently holds the Wharton Chair in Head and Neck Surgery at [[University Health Network]] and University of Toronto. In 1989, he was appointed Otolaryngologist-in-Chief at University Health Network, and in 2002, was appointed Professor and Chair of the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto. He concluded his second term as Chair in June 2012.

Dr. Gullane is a national and international leader in Head and Neck Surgery and has been invited as a visiting professor to over 83 countries, lecturing on all aspects of Head and Neck [[Oncology]]. He has delivered over 830 invited and keynote presentations, including the Eugene Myers International lecture at the American Academy of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) annual meeting September 2006, the Sir Peter Freyer Memorial lecture to the Irish surgical Forum NUI-Galway in 2009, the John J. Conley lecture to the American Head & Neck Society in 2012 , the 87th Abraham Colles lecture at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in February 2012 and the Hayes Martin lecture at the 5th World Congress of IFHNOS and annual meeting of the American Head & Neck Society in New York in July 2014. He was one of six International Faculty leaders who conducted the IFHNOS Head and Neck World Tour Program in 2008.

Dr. Gullane has published 337 papers in [[peer-reviewed]] journals and 92 chapters in textbooks. In addition, he has published 10 books on various aspects of Head and Neck Surgery. His textbook, ‘Head & Neck Surgery and Oncology,’ was awarded the George Davey Howells Prize from the University of London, cited as the best published book in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in the preceding five years. Currently, Dr. Gullane is a member on the Editorial Board of ten journals.
He has served as president of the American Head & Neck Society, The North American Skull Base Society, president of the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and vice-president of the Triological Society.

In recognition of his distinguished achievements, Dr. Gullane was awarded an Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons in 2006, Honorary Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons of England in 2010 and an Honorary Fellowship in the Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland in 2012. He was elected to Fellowship in the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences in 2011 and in 2010, was appointed as a Member to the Order of Canada by the Governor General of Canada, cited for his inspiration of young surgeons and his contributions to the field of Head and Neck Surgery. In 2014, in recognition of his outstanding contributions, an endowed Chair was named in his honour at the University Health Network/University of Toronto. Finally, he has facilitated the establishment of four University-Hospital Chairs: Head & Neck Surgery, Reconstruction, Radiation Oncology, and Basic Science, from private funding donations in excess of $14.5 million with continued funding to the present time.

Dr. Pat Gullane is married to Dr. Barbara Cruickshank, an obstetrician/gynaecologist. He has two children, Kira and John.

==External links==
* {{Cite news |url=http://www.surgicalspotlight.ca/Article.aspx?ver=Spring_2010&f=GullaneOrderofCanada/ |title=
Pat Gullane: Member of Order of Canada |publisher=University of Toronto |date=Spring 2010 |accessdate=22 December 2014}}

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Gullane, Patrick
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Canadian academic
| DATE OF BIRTH =
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gullane, Patrick}}
[[Category:People from Ballinasloe]]
[[Category:Irish emigrants to Canada]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:University of Toronto faculty]]
[[Category:People from County Galway]]

Patrick Gullane

2014-12-22T15:36:12Z

192.75.165.28:

{{Multiple issues|
{{BLP sources|date=August 2011}}
{{no footnotes|date=August 2011}}
}}

'''Patrick Gullane''', [[Order of Canada|CM]], [[Bachelor of Medicine|MB]], [[Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada|FRCSC]], [[Fellow of the American College of Surgeons|FACS]], [[Royal Australasian College of Surgeons|FRACS]] (Hon),
[[Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons|FRCS]] (Hon), [[Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland|FRCSI]] (Hon)
{{break}}
Wharton Chair Head and Neck Surgery,
{{break}}
Professor, Department of [[Otolaryngology]]-Head and Neck Surgery,
{{break}}
Professor of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, [[University of Toronto]]

Dr. Patrick Gullane was born in Ireland and received his medical degree from [[National University of Ireland, Galway]], in 1970. He is a Fellow of the [[Royal College of Surgeons of Canada]] and certified by the American Board of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. In 1975, he was selected as the McLaughlin Fellow and then pursued advanced Fellowship training in Head and Neck Oncology in Pittsburgh and New York.

In 1978, Dr. Gullane was appointed to the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Western Ontario in London, Ontario. He was subsequently recruited to the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Toronto in 1983 and currently holds the Wharton Chair in Head and Neck Surgery at [[University Health Network]] and University of Toronto. In 1989, he was appointed Otolaryngologist-in-Chief at University Health Network, and in 2002, was appointed Professor and Chair of the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto. He concluded his second term as Chair in June 2012.

Dr. Gullane is a national and international leader in Head and Neck Surgery and has been invited as a visiting professor to over 83 countries, lecturing on all aspects of Head and Neck [[Oncology]]. He has delivered over 830 invited and keynote presentations, including the Eugene Myers International lecture at the American Academy of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) annual meeting September 2006, the Sir Peter Freyer Memorial lecture to the Irish surgical Forum NUI-Galway in 2009, the John J. Conley lecture to the American Head & Neck Society in 2012 , the 87th Abraham Colles lecture at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in February 2012 and the Hayes Martin lecture at the 5th World Congress of IFHNOS and annual meeting of the American Head & Neck Society in New York in July 2014. He was one of six International Faculty leaders who conducted the IFHNOS Head and Neck World Tour Program in 2008.

Dr. Gullane has published 337 papers in [[peer-reviewed]] journals and 92 chapters in textbooks. In addition, he has published 10 books on various aspects of Head and Neck Surgery. His textbook, ‘Head & Neck Surgery and Oncology,’ was awarded the George Davey Howells Prize from the University of London, cited as the best published book in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in the preceding five years. Currently, Dr. Gullane is a member on the Editorial Board of ten journals.
He has served as president of the American Head & Neck Society, The North American Skull Base Society, president of the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and vice-president of the Triological Society.

In recognition of his distinguished achievements, Dr. Gullane was awarded an Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons in 2006, Honorary Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons of England in 2010 and an Honorary Fellowship in the Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland in 2012. He was elected to Fellowship in the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences in 2011 and in 2010, was appointed as a Member to the Order of Canada by the Governor General of Canada, cited for his inspiration of young surgeons and his contributions to the field of Head and Neck Surgery. In 2014, in recognition of his outstanding contributions, an endowed Chair was named in his honour at the University Health Network/University of Toronto. Finally, he has facilitated the establishment of four University-Hospital Chairs: Head & Neck Surgery, Reconstruction, Radiation Oncology, and Basic Science, from private funding donations in excess of $14.5 million with continued funding to the present time.

Dr. Pat Gullane is married to Dr. Barbara Cruickshank, an obstetrician/gynaecologist. He has two children, Kira and John.

==External links==
* {{Cite news |url=http://www.galwayindependent.com/profiles/profiles/dr-patrick-gullane-%11-otolaryngologist%11in%11chief,-toronto-general-hospital/ |title=Dr Patrick Gullane - Otolaryngologist-in-Chief, Toronto General Hospital |publisher=Galway Independent |date=2 September 2009 |accessdate=7 January 2011}}

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Gullane, Patrick
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Canadian academic
| DATE OF BIRTH =
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gullane, Patrick}}
[[Category:People from Ballinasloe]]
[[Category:Irish emigrants to Canada]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:University of Toronto faculty]]
[[Category:People from County Galway]]

Patrick Gullane

2014-12-22T15:20:29Z

192.75.165.28:

{{Multiple issues|
{{BLP sources|date=August 2011}}
{{no footnotes|date=August 2011}}
}}

'''Patrick Gullane''', [[Bachelor of Medicine|MB]] [[FRCSC]] [[Fellow of the American College of Surgeons|FACS]]
Wharton Chair Head and Neck Surgery,
Professor, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,
Professor of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto

Dr. Patrick Gullane was born in Ireland and received his medical degree from [[National University of Ireland, Galway]], in 1970. He is a Fellow of the [[Royal College of Surgeons of Canada]] and certified by the American Board of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. In 1975, he was selected as the McLaughlin Fellow and then pursued advanced Fellowship training in Head and Neck Oncology in Pittsburgh and New York.

In 1978, Dr. Gullane was appointed to the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Western Ontario in London, Ontario. He was subsequently recruited to the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Toronto in 1983 and currently holds the Wharton Chair in Head and Neck Surgery at [[University Health Network]] and University of Toronto. In 1989, he was appointed Otolaryngologist-in-Chief at University Health Network, and in 2002, was appointed Professor and Chair of the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto. He concluded his second term as Chair in June 2012.

Dr. Gullane is a national and international leader in Head and Neck Surgery and has been invited as a visiting professor to over 83 countries, lecturing on all aspects of Head and Neck [[Oncology]]. He has delivered over 830 invited and keynote presentations, including the Eugene Myers International lecture at the American Academy of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) annual meeting September 2006, the Sir Peter Freyer Memorial lecture to the Irish surgical Forum NUI-Galway in 2009, the John J. Conley lecture to the American Head & Neck Society in 2012 , the 87th Abraham Colles lecture at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in February 2012 and the Hayes Martin lecture at the 5th World Congress of IFHNOS and annual meeting of the American Head & Neck Society in New York in July 2014. He was one of six International Faculty leaders who conducted the IFHNOS Head and Neck World Tour Program in 2008.

Dr. Gullane has published 337 papers in [[peer-reviewed]] journals and 92 chapters in textbooks. In addition, he has published 10 books on various aspects of Head and Neck Surgery. His textbook, ‘Head & Neck Surgery and Oncology,’ was awarded the George Davey Howells Prize from the University of London, cited as the best published book in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in the preceding five years. Currently, Dr. Gullane is a member on the Editorial Board of ten journals.
He has served as president of the American Head & Neck Society, The North American Skull Base Society, president of the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and vice-president of the Triological Society.

In recognition of his distinguished achievements, Dr. Gullane was awarded an Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons in 2006, Honorary Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons of England in 2010 and an Honorary Fellowship in the Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland in 2012. He was elected to Fellowship in the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences in 2011 and in 2010, was appointed as a Member to the Order of Canada by the Governor General of Canada, cited for his inspiration of young surgeons and his contributions to the field of Head and Neck Surgery. In 2014, in recognition of his outstanding contributions, an endowed Chair was named in his honour at the University Health Network/University of Toronto. Finally, he has facilitated the establishment of four University-Hospital Chairs: Head & Neck Surgery, Reconstruction, Radiation Oncology, and Basic Science, from private funding donations in excess of $14.5 million with continued funding to the present time.

Dr. Pat Gullane is married to Dr. Barbara Cruickshank, an obstetrician/gynaecologist. He has two children, Kira and John.

==External links==
* {{Cite news |url=http://www.galwayindependent.com/profiles/profiles/dr-patrick-gullane-%11-otolaryngologist%11in%11chief,-toronto-general-hospital/ |title=Dr Patrick Gullane - Otolaryngologist-in-Chief, Toronto General Hospital |publisher=Galway Independent |date=2 September 2009 |accessdate=7 January 2011}}

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Gullane, Patrick
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Canadian academic
| DATE OF BIRTH =
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gullane, Patrick}}
[[Category:People from Ballinasloe]]
[[Category:Irish emigrants to Canada]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:University of Toronto faculty]]
[[Category:People from County Galway]]

Patrick Gullane

2014-12-19T20:42:09Z

192.75.165.28:

{{Multiple issues|
{{BLP sources|date=August 2011}}
{{no footnotes|date=August 2011}}
}}

'''Patrick Gullane''', [[Bachelor of Medicine|MB]] [[FRCSC]] [[Fellow of the American College of Surgeons|FACS]], [[Professor]] and Chair, Department of [[Otolaryngology]]–Head and Neck Surgery, [[University of Toronto]]

Dr. Patrick Gullane was born in Ireland and received his medical degree from [[National University of Ireland, Galway]], in 1970. He is a Fellow of the [[Royal College of Surgeons of Canada]] and certified by the American Board of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. In 1975, he was selected as the McLaughlin Fellow and then pursued advanced Fellowship training in Head and Neck Oncology in Pittsburgh and New York.

In 1978, Dr. Gullane was appointed to the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Western Ontario in London, Ontario. He was subsequently recruited to the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Toronto in 1983 and currently holds the Wharton Chair in Head and Neck Surgery at [[University Health Network]] and University of Toronto. In 1989, he was appointed Otolaryngologist-in-Chief at University Health Network, and in 2002, was appointed Professor and Chair of the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto. He concluded his second term as Chair in June 2012.

Dr. Gullane is a national and international leader in Head and Neck Surgery and has been invited as a visiting professor to over 83 countries, lecturing on all aspects of Head and Neck [[Oncology]]. He has delivered over 830 invited and keynote presentations, including the Eugene Myers International lecture at the American Academy of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) annual meeting September 2006, the Sir Peter Freyer Memorial lecture to the Irish surgical Forum NUI-Galway in 2009, the John J. Conley lecture to the American Head & Neck Society in 2012 , the 87th Abraham Colles lecture at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in February 2012 and the Hayes Martin lecture at the 5th World Congress of IFHNOS and annual meeting of the American Head & Neck Society in New York in July 2014. He was one of six International Faculty leaders who conducted the IFHNOS Head and Neck World Tour Program in 2008.

Dr. Gullane has published 337 papers in [[peer-reviewed]] journals and 92 chapters in textbooks. In addition, he has published 10 books on various aspects of Head and Neck Surgery. His textbook, ‘Head & Neck Surgery and Oncology,’ was awarded the George Davey Howells Prize from the University of London, cited as the best published book in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in the preceding five years. Currently, Dr. Gullane is a member on the Editorial Board of ten journals.
He has served as president of the American Head & Neck Society, The North American Skull Base Society, president of the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and vice-president of the Triological Society.

In recognition of his distinguished achievements, Dr. Gullane was awarded an Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons in 2006, Honorary Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons of England in 2010 and an Honorary Fellowship in the Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland in 2012. He was elected to Fellowship in the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences in 2011 and in 2010, was appointed as a Member to the Order of Canada by the Governor General of Canada, cited for his inspiration of young surgeons and his contributions to the field of Head and Neck Surgery. In 2014, in recognition of his outstanding contributions, an endowed Chair was named in his honour at the University Health Network/University of Toronto. Finally, he has facilitated the establishment of four University-Hospital Chairs: Head & Neck Surgery, Reconstruction, Radiation Oncology, and Basic Science, from private funding donations in excess of $14.5 million with continued funding to the present time.

Dr. Pat Gullane is married to Dr. Barbara Cruickshank, an obstetrician/gynaecologist. He has two children, Kira and John.

==External links==
* {{Cite news |url=http://www.galwayindependent.com/profiles/profiles/dr-patrick-gullane-%11-otolaryngologist%11in%11chief,-toronto-general-hospital/ |title=Dr Patrick Gullane - Otolaryngologist-in-Chief, Toronto General Hospital |publisher=Galway Independent |date=2 September 2009 |accessdate=7 January 2011}}

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Gullane, Patrick
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Canadian academic
| DATE OF BIRTH =
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gullane, Patrick}}
[[Category:People from Ballinasloe]]
[[Category:Irish emigrants to Canada]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:University of Toronto faculty]]
[[Category:People from County Galway]]

Patrick Gullane

2014-12-19T20:33:26Z

192.75.165.28:

{{Multiple issues|
{{BLP sources|date=August 2011}}
{{no footnotes|date=August 2011}}
}}

'''Patrick Gullane''', [[Bachelor of Medicine|MB]] [[FRCSC]] [[Fellow of the American College of Surgeons|FACS]], [[Professor]] and Chair, Department of [[Otolaryngology]]–Head and Neck Surgery, [[University of Toronto]]

Dr. Patrick Gullane was born in Ireland and received his medical degree from [[National University of Ireland, Galway]], in 1970. He is a Fellow of the [[Royal College of Surgeons of Canada]] and certified by the American Board of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. In 1975, he was selected as the McLaughlin Fellow and then pursued advanced Fellowship training in Head and Neck Oncology in Pittsburgh and New York.

In 1978, Dr. Gullane was appointed to the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Western Ontario in London, Ontario. He was subsequently recruited to the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Toronto in 1983 and currently holds the Wharton Chair in Head and Neck Surgery at [[University Health Network]] and University of Toronto. In 1989, he was appointed Otolaryngologist-in-Chief at University Health Network, and in 2002, was appointed Professor and Chair of the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto. He concluded his second term as Chair in June 2012.

Dr. Gullane is a national and international leader in Head and Neck Surgery and has been invited as a visiting professor to over 83 countries, lecturing on all aspects of Head and Neck [[Oncology]]. He has delivered over 830 invited and keynote presentations, including the Eugene Myers International lecture at the American Academy of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) annual meeting September 2006, the Sir Peter Freyer Memorial lecture to the Irish surgical Forum NUI-Galway in 2009, the John J. Conley lecture to the American Head & Neck Society in 2012 , the 87th Abraham Colles lecture at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in February 2012 and the Hayes Martin lecture at the 5th World Congress of IFHNOS and annual meeting of the American Head & Neck Society in New York in July 2014. He was one of six International Faculty leaders who conducted the IFHNOS Head and Neck World Tour Program in 2008.

Dr. Gullane has published 337 papers in [[peer-reviewed]] journals and 92 chapters in textbooks. In addition, he has published 10 books on various aspects of Head and Neck Surgery. His textbook, ‘Head & Neck Surgery and Oncology,’ was awarded the George Davey Howells Prize from the University of London, cited as the best published book in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in the preceding five years. Currently, Dr. Gullane is a member on the Editorial Board of ten journals.
He has served as president of the American Head & Neck Society, The North American Skull Base Society, president of the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and vice-president of the Triological Society.

In recognition of his distinguished achievements, Dr. Gullane was awarded an Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons in 2006, Honorary Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons of England in 2010 and an Honorary Fellowship in the Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland in 2012. He was elected to Fellowship in the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences in 2011 and in 2010, was appointed as a Member to the Order of Canada by the Governor General of Canada, cited for his inspiration of young surgeons and his contributions to the field of Head and Neck Surgery. In 2014, in recognition of his outstanding contributions, an endowed Chair was named in his honour at the University Health Network/University of Toronto. Finally, he has facilitated the establishment of four University-Hospital Chairs: Head & Neck Surgery, Reconstruction, Radiation Oncology, and Basic Science, from private funding donations in excess of $14.5 million with continued funding to the present time.

Dr. Pat Gullane is married to Dr. Barbara Cruickshank, an obstetrician/gynaecologist, and the couple has two children, Kira and John.

==External links==
* {{Cite news |url=http://www.galwayindependent.com/profiles/profiles/dr-patrick-gullane-%11-otolaryngologist%11in%11chief,-toronto-general-hospital/ |title=Dr Patrick Gullane - Otolaryngologist-in-Chief, Toronto General Hospital |publisher=Galway Independent |date=2 September 2009 |accessdate=7 January 2011}}

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Gullane, Patrick
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Canadian academic
| DATE OF BIRTH =
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gullane, Patrick}}
[[Category:People from Ballinasloe]]
[[Category:Irish emigrants to Canada]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:University of Toronto faculty]]
[[Category:People from County Galway]]

Ryan Dennis

2014-12-16T14:07:53Z

192.75.165.28: /* Post Serial Joe */

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2013}}
{{multiple issues|
{{Unreliable sources|date=September 2010}}
{{BLP sources|date=September 2010}}
}}

{{Infobox musical artist
| name = Ryan Dennis
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| image_size =
| background = solo_singer
| birth_name = Ryan Thomas Dennis
| alias =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1984|01|08|df=y}}
| birth_place =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| origin = [[Newmarket, Ontario]], [[Canada]]
| instrument = guitar
| genre =
| occupation =
| years_active = 
| label =
| associated_acts =
| website =
| notable_instruments =
}}

'''Ryan Thomas Dennis''' (born 8 January 1984) is a [[Canada|Canadian]] athlete best known as the former lead singer of the Canadian rock band [[Serial Joe]]. He also fronted the independent hard rock band [[High Kapitol]]. Dennis also plays guitar, and starred in a music video for [[Our Lady Peace]]'s "[[Superman's Dead]]".

==Serial Joe==

Dennis fronted Serial Joe, a Canadian band from [[Newmarket, Ontario]] which consisted of high school students Dennis (vocals, guitar), [[Ryan Stever]] (guitar), [[John Davidson (guitarist)|John Davidson]] (bass guitar) and [[Dan Stadnicki]] (drums). The group released four full-length albums. They were the house band on [[YTV (TV channel)|YTV]]'s [[System Crash (TV series)|System Crash]], and won the 1998 Much Music Video award for best independent video ("Skidrow"). In 1999, the band released their first studio album, ''[[Face Down (album)|Face Down]]'', which peaked at No. 47 on the [[Canadian Albums Chart]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-119.01-e.php?&file_num=nlc008388.8386&type=1&interval=50&PHPSESSID=c6btf3r8hs459qqt5ln3o3dcv5|title=Top Albums/CDs - Volume 69, No. 13, July 19, 1999|publisher=''[[RPM (magazine)|RPM]]''|accessdate=2012-01-06 }}</ref> The album's first single, "Mistake", gained international airplay. The band won several awards, and were given the honour of performing at [[Woodstock 1999]] in the "emerging artists" tent. In the early 2000s, they were dropped from their label and broke up shortly thereafter.

==Post Serial Joe==

Critically assessing the material he co-wrote for Serial Joe, he then wrote many songs on his own; material that came from the heart; real experiences, hardships, observations, and heartbreak. "I just wrote and wrote and wrote until I felt I had an album of really good songs. They all have a certain feel that capture a state of mind at the time in my life. I experienced some harsh realities, relationship-wise and life-wise, confronting old demons. There are a lot of things in a person's life that are hidden because they're not comfortable with them."<ref>[https://www.myspace.com/serialjoe MySpace.com - Serial Joe - CA - Grunge / Rock / Metal - www.myspace.com/serialjoe]</ref>

Some time later, Ryan discovered electronic music - particularly techno, deep house and progressive, as conveyed by the likes of Sasha, John Digweed, James Holden and Nathan Fake - and his waning interest in music was again reignited. He began experimenting with a variety of sounds, eventually abandoning rock music altogether. He later settled on a release name - Platypus - which poked fun at the excessively serious nature of most musical endeavors (including his own).<ref>http://www.iamtheplatypus.com</ref>

Ryan's first EP under the Platypus moniker - "Soft Spoken Trees" - was released by Toronto's Thoughtless Music in the summer of 2012,<ref>http://www.thoughtlessmusic.com/releases/tlm067-platypus-soft-spoken-trees/</ref> followed by the January 2013 release - "Argyle" - again under Thoughtless Music.<ref>http://www.thoughtlessmusic.com/releases/tlm072-platypus-argyle/</ref>

Ryan continues to produce under the Platypus moniker, while also acting as producer for Toronto based deep progressive house duo MNR <ref>https://www.facebook.com/MichaelAndRyanMusic</ref>

==Personal==

On 19 January 2005, Dennis told Jam! Music that he decided to use his middle name "Thomas".<ref>[http://jam.canoe.ca/Music/Lowdown/2005/01/19/903760.html Serial Joe frontman goes solo]</ref> Dennis attended Unionville High School in [[Unionville, Ontario]], [[Canada]].<ref>http://www.angelfire.com/mo2/serialjoe/ryanpics.html Serial Joe fansite, Ryan Dennis section</ref> Thomas has a sister, Jillian, and a brother, Blake, and is the father to one son. He resides in the greater Toronto area, in Ontario. Dennis currently produces electronic music under the Platypus moniker.<ref>http://www.iamtheplatypus.com/</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Persondata
|NAME=Dennis, Ryan
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
|SHORT DESCRIPTION=Canadian musician
|DATE OF BIRTH=8 January 1984
|PLACE OF BIRTH=
|DATE OF DEATH=
|PLACE OF DEATH=
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dennis, Ryan}}
[[Category:1984 births]]
[[Category:Canadian male singers]]
[[Category:Canadian rock guitarists]]
[[Category:Canadian rock singers]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Newmarket, Ontario]]

List of Tufts University people

2014-09-29T20:51:16Z

192.75.165.28:

The following is a partial, incomplete list of notable '''Tufts University people'''. It includes alumni, professors, and others associated with [[Tufts University]], a private research university in [[Medford, Massachusetts|Medford]]/[[Somerville, Massachusetts|Somerville]], near [[Boston, Massachusetts]], [[United States|USA]]. See also [[:Category:Tufts University alumni|Tufts University alumni]].

==Notable alumni==
{{multiple image|header = '''Select Tufts alumni'''
|direction = vertical
|width = 200
|align = right
|image1 = Bill Richardson at an event in Kensington, New Hampshire, March 18, 2006.jpg
|caption1 = New Mexico Governor [[Bill Richardson]], class of 1970
|image2 = Scott P. Brown.jpg
|caption2 = Massachusetts Senator, [[Scott Brown]], class of 1981
|image3 = Kostas Karamanlis Apr 29 08.jpg
|caption3 = Former Prime Minister of Greece [[Kostas Karamanlis]] Ph.D. Political Science
|image4 = Pomidyarji.jpg
|caption4 = eBay founder [[Pierre Omidyar]], class of 1988
|image5 = Ellen J. Kullman - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting Davos 2009.jpg
|caption5 = DuPont CEO [[Ellen J. Kullman]], class of 1978
|image6 = Hankazaria05.jpg
|caption6 = Actor and voice actor [[Hank Azaria]], class of 1987
|image7 = William Hurt (2005).jpg
|caption7 = Academy Award-winning actor [[William Hurt]], class of 1972
|image8 = Meredithv.jpg
|caption8 = Today Show host [[Meredith Vieira]], class of 1975
|image9 = Guster at FleetBoston Pavil.jpg
|caption9 = Alternative rock band [[Guster]], composed of Tufts graduates
}}

===Government and politics===
* [[Jonathan Addleton]], U.S. Ambassador to Mongolia (2009-2012)
* [[Rafeeuddin Ahmed]], former UN Under Secretary General and Pakistan foreign service officer
* [[Bolaji Akinyemi]], Nigerian Minister of External Affairs from 1985 to 1987
* [[Kow Nkensen Arkaah]], [[Vice President]] of [[Ghana]] from 1993 to 1997
* [[Shafi U Ahmed]], Bangladeshi High Commissioner to the [[United Kingdom]]
* [[Nancy Friedman Atlas]], Judge on the [[United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas]]
* [[Doug Bailey]], American political strategist who founded [[The Hotline]] and [[Unity08]]
* [[Anthony Banbury]], United Nations Assistant Secretary-General for Field Support
* [[Phil Bartlett]], Democratic State Senator in Maine, elected for the first time in 2004.
* [[Francis X. Bellotti]], former Lieutenant Governor and [[Attorney General of Massachusetts]]
* [[C. Fred Bergsten]], former Assistant Secretary for International Affairs at the [[U.S. Treasury Department]] and senior fellow at the [[Carnegie Endowment for International Peace]] and [[Council on Foreign Relations]]
* [[André Birotte Jr.]], [[U.S. Attorney for the Central District of California]]
* [[Jeb Bradley]], former [[U.S. Representative]] from New Hampshire
* [[Scott Brown]], member of the [[United States Senate]]
* [[Barbara Bodine]], former U.S. Ambassador to Yemen and Kuwait
* [[Richard Boucher]], U.S. [[Assistant Secretary of State for South and Central Asian Affairs]], former Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs and chief spokesperson for the U.S. State Department, ambassador to Cyprus, and [[Consulate General of the United States in Hong Kong]]
* [[Jay Byrne]], American political strategist and former White House spokesperson
* [[Horace T. Cahill]], former [[Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts]]
* [[Elmer Hewitt Capen]], former member of the [[Massachusetts House of Representatives]] while an undergraduate at [[Tufts College]] (now Tufts University) and third president of [[Tufts College]]
* [[John L. Carroll]], former Chief U.S. Magistrate Judge for the Middle District of Alabama and Dean of [[Samford University]]'s [[Cumberland School of Law]]
* [[Tom Casey (diplomat)|Tom Casey]], Deputy Spokesman and Deputy Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs at the [[U.S. State Department]] beginning at the end of the George W. Bush's administration.
* [[Anson Chan|Anson Chan Fang On-sang (陳方安生)]], prominent Hong Kong politician. She is both the first woman and the first Chinese to hold the second-highest governmental position in Hong Kong.
* [[Musa Javed Chohan]], former Pakistani Ambassador to France
* [[R. Guy Cole, Jr.]], federal judge on the [[United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit]]
* General [[Seldon Connor]], former governor of Maine
* [[Anthony Cortese]], former Commissioner of the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection and environmental activist/researcher
* [[Joe Courtney (politician)|Joe Courtney]], [[U.S. Representative]] from Connecticut
* HRH Prince [[Cedza Dlamini]] of [[Swaziland]], human rights activist and grandson of [[Nelson Mandela]]
* [[Peter DeFazio]], [[U.S. Representative]] from Oregon
* [[Michael Dobbs]], former Chief of Staff of the British Conservative party and political thriller novelist
* [[Benjamin Downing]], Democratic State Senator from Massachusetts, elected in 2006 at age 24.
* General [[Joseph F. Dunford, Jr.]], commanding general of the 1st Marine Expeditionary Force and Marine Corps Forces
* [[Steve Dyer]], former member of [[Ohio House of Representatives]] from 2007-2010.
* [[Shashi Tharoor]], Former UN Under-Secretary General and Indian Minister for External Affairs, currently Member of the Indian Parliament
* [[J. Adam Ereli]], U.S. Ambassador to [[Bahrain]]
* [[Jeffrey Feltman]], U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs and former Ambassador to [[Lebanon]]
* [[Mike Festa|Michael E. Festa]], former member of the [[Massachusetts House of Representatives|Mass. House of Representatives]] and Massachusetts Secretary of Elder Affairs
* [[Ralph Adam Fine]], [[Wisconsin Court of Appeals]] Judge
* [[Colette Flesch]], Luxembourgian politician and Olympic fencing competitor
* [[Jean Francois-Poncet]], French politician and Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1978 to 1981
* [[Leslie Gelb]], former U.S. Assistant Secretary of State, President Emeritus of the Council on Foreign Relations, and [[Pulitzer Prize]] winner in Explanatory Journalism
* [[Dan Gelber]], member of the [[Florida Senate]].
* [[Shukri Ghanem]], former Prime Minister of [[Libya]]
* [[Michael A. Hammer|Michael Hammer]], ambassador from the United States to [[Chile]]
* [[Jack Hart]], member of the [[Massachusetts State Senate]]
* [[Jon Hecht]], member of the [[Massachusetts House of Representatives]]
* [[John E. Herbst]], U.S. State Department Coordinator for Reconstruction and Stabilization, former U.S. Ambassador to [[Ukraine]] and [[Uzbekistan]]
* General [[Joseph P. Hoar]], former commander-in-chief of the [[United States Central Command]]
* [[Faith S. Hochberg]], federal judge on the [[United States District Court for the District of New Jersey]] and former Deputy Assistant Secretary for Law Enforcement at the U.S. Department of Treasury
* [[Frank Hornstein]], Minnesota State Representative, member of the Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party. Elected for the first time in 2002.
* Admiral [[Jonathan Howe]], former U.S. [[Deputy National Security Advisor]]
* [[Wolfgang Ischinger]], former [[Germany|German]] Ambassador to the U.S. and the U.K.
* [[Ismat Jahan]], Bangladeshi Ambassador and Permanent Representative to the [[U.N.]], former ambassador the [[Netherlands]]
* Zhang Junsai, Chinese Ambassador to Canada
* [[Costas Karamanlis]], [[prime minister]] of [[Greece]]
* [[George Keverian]], [[Speaker of the Massachusetts House of Representatives]] from 1985 until 1991
* [[Thomas Kean, Jr.]], member and Minority Leader of the [[New Jersey State Senate]], unsuccessful U.S. Senate candidate, and son of former New Jersey governor [[Thomas Kean]]
* [[Olga Kefalogianni]], Greek politician
* Michael Kerr, Assistant Secretary for Administration and Management under Obama
* [[Shahryar Khan]], former Foreign Secretary of Pakistan, author
* [[Jeffrey Lam]], member of the [[Legislative Council of Hong Kong]] and Managing Director of Forward Winsome Industries
* [[Matthew Levitt]], former Deputy Assistant Secretary for Intelligence and Analysis at the [[U.S. Department of the Treasury]] and director of the Stein Program on Counterterrorism and Intelligence at the [[Washington Institute for Near East Policy]]
* [[Timothy Lewis]], former federal judge on the [[United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit]]
* [[Susan Livingstone]], former acting [[U.S. Secretary of the Navy]] and Assistant Secretary of the U.S. Army for Installations, Logistics and Environment
* [[Juan Fernando Lopez Aguilar]], Spanish politician and former Minister of Justice
* [[Winston Lord]], former U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs, former President of the Council on Foreign Relations
* [[Edwin W. Martin]], former [[U.S. Ambassador to Burma]] and [[Consul General of the United States in Hong Kong]]
* [[Freddy Matungulu|Mbuyamu I. Matungulu]], senior economist at the [[International Monetary Fund]] ([[International Monetary Fund|IMF]]), former [[Democratic Republic of the Congo|DRC]] Minister of Finance
* [[Gina McCarthy]], Administrator of the [[EPA]] under President Obama
* [[Cynthia McKinney]], [[U.S. Representative]] from Georgia
* General [[William T. Monroe]], U.S. Ambassador to [[Bahrain]]
* [[Daniel Patrick Moynihan]], [[United States Senate|U.S. Senator]] from New York (1977–2001) and former U.S. Ambassador to the U.N. and India
* [[Bernd Mützelburg]], German special envoy to Afghanistan and Pakistan and former German ambassador to India
* [[Phyllis E. Oakley]], U.S. [[Assistant Secretary of State]] for Population, Refugees, and Migration (1994–97) and Intelligence and Research (1997–99)
* [[John Olver]], [[United States Democratic Party|Democratic]] [[United States Representative]] from Massachusetts
* [[Vardan Oskanyan]], former Armenian Minister of Foreign Affairs
* [[Frank Pallone]], [[United States Representative]] from New Jersey since 1988
* [[Farah Pandith]], Special Representative to Muslim Communities for the U.S. Department of State
* [[Thomas R. Pickering]], former U.S. Undersecretary of State for Political Affairs and Ambassador to the United Nations, Israel, and Russia
* [[Mitchell Reiss]], former [[Director of Policy Planning]] at the [[United States Department of State]] and [[United States Special Envoy for Northern Ireland]], current President of [[Washington College]]
* [[Bill Richardson (politician)|Bill Richardson]], governor of [[New Mexico]], former U.S. [[Secretary of Energy]], Ambassador to the [[United Nations]], and 2008 Democratic presidential candidate
* [[Iqbal Riza]], former Assistant Secretary-General of the United Nations for Peacekeeping and Pakistani diplomat
* [[Kristina Roegner]], member of [[Ohio House of Representatives]]
* [[Simon Rosenberg]], founder of the [[New Democrat Network]], former candidate for chairman of the [[Democratic National Committee|DNC]]
* [[Juan Manuel Santos]], former Defense Minister of [[Colombia]] and the current [[President of Colombia]].
* [[John G. Sargent]], former [[Attorney General of the United States]]
* [[Surakiart Sathirathai]], former Deputy Prime Minister, Foreign Minister, and Finance Minister of [[Thailand]]
* [[Antoinette Sayeh]], Director of the African Department at the [[International Monetary Fund]], former Finance Minister of [[Liberia]]
* [[Klaus Scharioth]], [[Germany|German]] Ambassador to the United States
* [[Carl M. Sciortino]], Member of the [[Massachusetts House of Representatives]] 2004–present, Democratic Party.
* [[Konrad Seitz]], former German Ambassador to [[India]], [[Italy]], and [[China]]
* [[Radmila Sekerinska]], Deputy Prime Minister of Macedonia
* [[Warren Silver]], Maine Supreme Court Judge
* [[Steve Simon]], Member of the [[Minnesota House of Representatives]] and 2014 candidate for [[Minnesota Secretary of State]]
* [[Godfrey Smith]], Belizean Minister of Foreign Affairs, Defence, and National Emergency Management
* [[Tara D. Sonenshine]], United States [[Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs]] for [[Barack Obama]]'s administration
* [[Norman H. Stahl]], judge on the [[United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit]]
* Admiral [[James G. Stavridis]], [[NATO]]'s [[Supreme Allied Commander Europe]] and Commander of the [[U.S. European Command]]
* [[Laura Denvir Stith]], [[Missouri Supreme Court]] Judge
* [[William Leon St. Onge]], former [[U.S. Representative]] from Connecticut and mayor of Putnam
* [[John Philip Swasey]], former [[U.S. Representative]] from Maine
* [[Shashi Tharoor]], Indian Minister of State for External Affairs, former U.N. Under-Secretary General for Communications and Public Information, and prolific author
* [[Bill Thompson (New York)|Bill Thompson]], [[New York City Comptroller]] and Democratic mayoral candidate
* [[Malcolm Toon]], former U.S. Ambassador to the Soviet Union, Israel, Yugoslavia, and Czechoslovakia
* [[William L. Uanna]], security officer, [[Manhattan Project]] and [[U.S. Atomic Energy Commission]]
* Admiral [[Patrick M. Walsh]], [[Commander]] of the [[United States Pacific Fleet|U.S. Pacific Fleet]], former U.S. [[Vice Chief of Naval Operations]] and [[Blue Angels]] aviator
* [[David Welch]], U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs, former Ambassador to [[Egypt]]
* [[Hassan Wirajuda]], Foreign Minister of Indonesia
* [[Keith L. T. Wright]], Member of the [[New York State Assembly]] (1992 - present)
* [[Charles Yancey]], Member of Boston City Council from 1983 until present.
* [[Philip D. Zelikow]], Counselor of the U.S. State Department and Executive Director of the [[9/11 Commission]]
* [[Edson Zvobgo]], founder of [[Zimbabwe]]'s ruling party [[Zanu-PF]] and former Minister of Justice
* [[:vi:Phạm Bình Minh|Phạm Bình Minh]], Foreign Minister of Vietnam

===Business===
* [[Peter Ackerman]], Managing Director of Rockport Capital
* [[Vikram Akula]], founder and CEO of [[SKS Microfinance]]
* [[John Bello]], founder and former CEO of [[SoBe]] Beverages and former President of [[NFL Properties]]
* [[Seamus Blackley]], game developer who helped create the Microsoft [[Xbox (console)|Xbox]]
* [[Rob Burnett (producer)]], President and CEO of [[Worldwide Pants]], Emmy Award-winning executive producer and former head writer of ''[[Late Night with David Letterman]]
* [[CrossHarbor Capital Partners#Sam Byrne|Samuel T. Byrne]], founder [[CrossHarbor Capital Partners]] and owner of the [[Yellowstone Club]]
* [[Dov Charney]] CEO and founder of [[American Apparel]]
* [[Susan Decker]], former President of [[Yahoo]]!, Inc.
* [[Lou DiBella]], founder/CEO of Dibella Entertainment, owner of The [[Connecticut Defenders]], former head of programming for [[HBO Sports]], TV/film producer, and boxing promoter
* [[Dick Dietrich]], co-founder and CEO of [[GED Integrated Glass Solutions]]
* [[Jamie Dimon]], CEO of [[JP Morgan Chase]] Corporation
* [[Peter R. Dolan]], former [[CEO]] of [[Bristol-Myers Squibb]]
* [[John J. Donovan]], entrepreneur, founder of [[Cambridge Technology Partners]]
* [[Dan Doyle (basketball coach)|Dan Doyle]], Executive Director of the Institute for International Sport and former head men's basketball coach at [[Trinity College (Connecticut)]]
* [[Andrew Fastow]], former CFO of [[Enron]]
* [[Lea Fastow]] née Weingarten, former [[Enron]] assistant treasurer and wife of [[Andrew Fastow]]
* [[Richard N. Goodwin]], former U.S. Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs, prominent political speechwriter, author, playwright, and husband of [[Doris Kearns Goodwin]]
* [[Jonathan Greenblatt]], CEO of GOOD Magazine and co-founder of [[Ethos water]]
* [[Seth Godin]], marketing expert and founder of [[Yoyodyne]] and [[Squidoo]]
* [[Bernard Marshall Gordon]], former President and CEO of Analogic Corporation, Neurologica Corporation, and Gordon Engineering Company; inventor who holds over thirty patents
* [[Michael Gordon (financier)|Michael Gordon]], co-founder and CEO of [[Jeffrey Vinik|Vinik Asset Management]]
* [[Cary Granat]], co-founder and CEO of [[Walden Media]], former president of [[Miramax]]'s Dimension Division
* [[Robert Hormats]], Vice Chairman of [[Goldman Sachs]] International
* [[Meg Hourihan]], co-founder of [[Pyra Labs]], creator of [[Blogger.com|Blogger]]
* [[Jeff Kindler]], CEO of [[Pfizer]] Inc., former Vice President of [[General Electric]] Co. and Executive Vice President of Corporate Relations at [[McDonald's]]
* [[Ellen J. Kullman]], [[Chief executive officer|CEO]] of [[DuPont]] and an adviser on President Obama's Council on Jobs and Competitiveness
* [[Jeffrey Lam]], Managing Director of Forward Winsome Industries and member of the [[Legislative Council of Hong Kong]]
* [[Laura Lang]], CEO of [[Time, Inc.]]
* [[Jim Manzi]], former President, Chairman, and CEO of [[Lotus Development Corporation]]
* [[Harold McGraw III]], President and CEO of [[McGraw-Hill]] Companies and Chairman of the [[Business Roundtable]]
* [[John T. McCarthy]], Chairman of [[ING Group]] Turkey
* [[Umberto Milletti]], CEO and co-founder of [[InsideView]] and co-founder of [[DigitalThink]]
* [[Khaldoon Al Mubarak]], CEO of [[Mubadala Development Company]] and chairman of [[Manchester City F.C.]]
* [[John M. Mugar|John Martin Mugar]], retired Chairman and President of Star Market
* [[Andrew M. Murstein]], Founder, Board Member, President and largest shareholder of Medallion Financial
* [[Joseph Neubauer]], former CEO and currently Chairman of the Board of [[ARAMARK]] Corporation
* [[Pierre Omidyar]], [[billionaire]] founder of [[eBay]], and his wife Pamela Omidyar
* [[Frederick Stark Pearson]], electrical engineer and businessman
* [[Roy Raymond (businessman)|Roy Raymond]] Founder of [[Victoria's Secret]] lingerie retail stores
* [[Shari Redstone]], Vice Chairman of [[Viacom]] Inc.
* [[Anthony Scaramucci]], Founder of [[SkyBridge Capital]]
* [[Thomas Schmidheiny]], billionaire and entrepreneur
* [[Neal Shapiro]], Emmy Award-winning President and CEO of the PBS station [[WNET]]/[[WLIW]] New York City, former president of [[NBC News]]
* [[Brian Shin]], Founder & CEO of [[Visible Measures Corp.]] and Founder & Chairman of [[Mustbin, Inc]]
* [[Jeff Stibel]], CEO of [[Web.com]]
* [[David Sonenberg]], Academy Award-winning movie producer and founder/head of the music management company DAS Communications Ltd
* [[Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, Jr.]], Publisher of [[The New York Times]]
* [[Peter Roth (executive)|Peter Roth]], CEO of [[Warner Brothers Television]]
* [[Ali Sabancı]], member of the [[Sabancı family]], chairman of [[Pegasus Airlines]], Desas, and Esaslı Gıda, former Head of Projects at [[Sabancı Holding]]
* [[Monty Sarhan]], CEO and Editor-in-Chief of [[Cracked.com|Cracked]] Entertainment
* [[Wendy Selig-Prieb]], CEO of the [[Milwaukee Brewers]]
* [[Ed Tapscott]], former President and CEO of the [[Charlotte Bobcats]], head coach of the NBA's [[Washington Wizards]]
* [[Jonathan Tisch]], Chairman and CEO of [[Loews Hotels]], co-owner of the [[New York Giants]]
* [[C. David Welch]], [[Bechtel]] Regional President of Europe/Africa/Middle East/South West Asia and former U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs
* [[Walter B. Wriston]], Chairman and CEO of [[Citicorp]]/[[Citibank]] from 1967 to 1984
* [[Janice Savin Williams]], Founder and Senior Principal at Williams Capital Group

===Arts and media===

====Film and television====
* [[Hank Azaria]], [[actor]] and [[voice actor]] most famous for his work on ''[[The Simpsons]]'' and various films
* [[Jessica Biel]] (did not finish), prominent film actress
* [[Rob Burnett (producer)|Rob Burnett]], Emmy Award-winning executive producer and former head writer of ''[[Late Night with David Letterman]],'' President and CEO of [[Worldwide Pants]]
* [[David Costabile]], actor, known for his recurring roles on ''[[The Wire]]'', ''[[Flight of the Conchords]]'', and ''[[Breaking Bad]]''
* [[Chiara de Luca]], French-Italian actress
* [[Dom DeLuise]], actor, most famous for his work in ''[[Blazing Saddles]]'' and ''[[Space Balls]]'' and as host of the television show ''[[Candid Camera]]''
* [[Nicole Fiscella]], ''[[Gossip Girl (TV series)|Gossip Girl]]'' actress and model
* [[Peter Gallagher]], prominent Golden Globe- and SAG Award-winning actor,best known for his roles in ''[[The O.C.]]'', ''[[American Beauty (1999 film)|American Beauty]]'', and ''[[Mr. Deeds]]''
* [[Joshua Gates]], host of [[Syfy]] channel's ''[[Destination Truth]]''
* [[Jeff Greenstein]], Emmy Award-winning TV writer and executive producer of ''[[Will & Grace]]''
* [[Susan Haskell]], Emmy Award-winning Canadian actress (''[[One Life to Live]]'')
* [[Dan Hedaya]], film actor, best known for ''[[Clueless (film)|Clueless]]'' and ''[[Blood Simple]]''
* [[William Hurt]], Academy Award-winning actor, well known for roles in films such as ''[[Kiss of the Spider Woman (film)|Kiss of the Spider Woman]]'', ''[[Broadcast News (film)|Broadcast News]]'', ''[[A History of Violence]]'', and ''[[The Incredible Hulk (film)|The Incredible Hulk]]''
* [[Brian Koppelman]], screenwriter (''[[Runaway Jury]]'', ''[[Ocean's Thirteen]]'', and ''[[The Girlfriend Experience]]'') and producer
* [[Stephen Macht]], TV and film actor
* [[Niels Mueller]], film-maker (''[[The Assassination of Richard Nixon]]'')
* [[Ameesha Patel]], [[Bollywood]] actress
* [[Oliver Platt]], Emmy, Golden Globe, and SAG-nominated actor (''[[Huff (TV series)|Huff]]'', ''[[Frost/Nixon (film)|Frost/Nixon]]'', ''[[2012 (film)|2012]]'')
* [[Sendhil Ramamurthy]], actor on ''[[Heroes (TV series)|Heroes]]''
* [[Peter Roth (executive)|Peter Roth]], CEO of [[Warner Brothers Television]]
* [[Joshua Seftel]], filmmaker (''[[War Inc.]]'')
* [[Justine Shapiro]], American movie and TV actress who co-hosts [[Globe Trekker]]
* [[Ben Silverman]], Co-chairman of NBC Entertainment and NBC Universal Television Studio
* [[Laura Silverman]], actress on ''[[The Sarah Silverman Program]]'' and sister of comedian [[Sarah Silverman]]
* [[David Sonenberg]], Academy Award-winning movie producer and founder/head of the music management company DAS Communications Ltd
* [[Will Tiao]], TV actor
* [[Steve Tisch]], Academy Award-winning producer and co-owner of the [[New York Giants]] with his brother [[Jonathan Tisch]]
* [[Meredith Vieira]], [[television|TV]] host of ''[[Today (NBC program)|The Today Show]]'', formerly of ''[[The View (U.S. TV series)|The View]]''
* [[Aury Wallington]], screenwriter and novelist
* [[Evan Wecksell]], comedian/musician from [[VH1]] and [[E!]]
* [[Rainn Wilson]] (did not finish), actor and co-star of ''[[The Office (U.S. TV series)|The Office]]''
* [[Gary Winick]], film director (''[[Tadpole]]'', ''[[Charlotte's Web (2006 film)|Charlotte's Web]]'') and producer

====Music====
* [[Matt Ballinger]], actor and boy band singer ([[Dream Street]])
* [[Tracy Chapman]], multi-platinum and Grammy Award-winning singer/songwriter
* [[Slaid Cleaves]], folk musician
* [[Paul DeGeorge]], member of the band [[Harry and the Potters]]
* [[Ezra Furman]], front man of the band "[[Ezra Furman and the Harpoons]]"
* [[Adam Gardner]], guitarist and vocalist for the band [[Guster]]
* [[Matt Glaser]], American jazz and bluegrass violinist, former chair of the string department at the [[Berklee College of Music]]
* [[Don Grolnick]], noted jazz pianist and composer
* [[Guster]], American alternative rock band
* [[Jester Hairston]], composer, conductor, and actor
* [[Alan Hovhaness]], American composer
* [[Erik Lindgren]], composer and musician
* [[Jim Nollman]], composer, musician, and author involved with animal communications
* [[Ryan Miller (musician)]], lead singer and guitarist for rock band [[Guster]]
* [[Charles North (poet)|Charles North]], American poet
* [[Daniel Pritzker]], billionaire guitarist and songwriter for [[Sonia Dada]], member of the [[Pritzker family]]
* [[Pete Robbins]], jazz saxophonist
* [[Brian Rosenworcel]], drummer for the band [[Guster]]
* [[Eric Schwartz (songwriter)|Eric Schwartz]], folk singer/songwriter
* [[Deke Sharon]], prominent [[a cappella]] singer, composer, and teacher
* [[Darrell Scott]], country singer/songwriter and [[multi-instrumentalist]]
* Phil Surks, former member of band [[Angry Salad]]
* [[Timeflies]], American pop/hip hop duo

====Writing and literature====
* [[Jessica Anderson]], award-winning Australian author
* [[Fawzia Afzal-Khan]], Author and Professor
* [[Ian C. Ballon]], author of several Internet law books, including a 4-volume treatise
* [[Cathy Bao Bean]], author of ''The Chopsticks-Fork Principle: A Memoir and Manual''
* [[Ruben Bolling]] aka Ken Fisher, nationally syndicated cartoonist
* [[Christopher Castellani]], author of Maddalena trilogy and 2014 Guggenheim Fellow
* [[John Ciardi]], poet and translator
* [[Cid Corman]], poet, translator, and poetry journal editor
* [[George Michael Cuomo]], American author
* [[Barbara Delinsky]], prolific New York Times-bestselling author
* [[Michael Dobbs]], former Chief of Staff of the British Conservative party and political thriller novelist
* [[Christopher Golden]], horror, fantasy, and suspense novelist
* [[Cary Granat]], co-founder and CEO of [[Walden Media]], former president of [[Miramax]]'s Dimension Division
* [[Christopher Lawford]], actor and New York Times-bestselling author, nephew of former president [[John Fitzgerald Kennedy]]
* [[Bette Bao Lord]], Chinese-American author and civic activist
* [[William MacDonald (Christian author)|William MacDonald]], prolific Christian author
* [[Gregory Maguire]], author of the novels [[Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West|''Wicked'']] (later adapted into a successful musical) and ''[[Confessions of an Ugly Stepsister]]''
* [[Maliha Masood]], award-winning author
* [[Anita Shreve]], award-winning author
* [[Darin Strauss]], award-winning novelist
* [[Wylie Sypher]], American writer
* [[Nathanael West]] (did not finish), author and screenwriter
* [[Ellen Emerson White]], [[writer]] whose first book was published while she was a senior at Tufts

====Non-fiction writing and journalism====
* [[Kara Kennedy Allen]], VSA producer and daughter of [[Ted Kennedy]]
* [[Erin Arvedlund]], author and financial journalist
* [[Matt Bai]], author and political reporter for the [[New York Times Magazine]]
* [[Dick Berggren]], motorsports announcer, magazine editor, and racecar driver
* [[Anthony Everett]], news anchor for [[WCVB-TV]], the ABC affiliate of Boston, Mass
* [[David Faber (CNBC)|David Faber]], [[CNBC]] market analyst and host of [[Squawk on the Street]]
* [[Adam Felber]], political satirist, radio personality, and humorist
* [[Leslie Gelb]], Pulitzer Prize-winner in Explanatory Journalism (1985), former U.S. Assistant Secretary of State, President Emeritus of the Council on Foreign Relations
* [[Michelle Gielan]], anchor of [[CBS Morning News]] and [[Up to the Minute]]
* [[Lilia Luciano]], Puerto Rican actress and TV reporter working in Spanish language television in the United States
* [[Tony Massarotti]], sportswriter for [[The Boston Globe]] and author
* [[Melissa Russo]], TV news anchor for [[WNBC-TV]] News Channel 4 in New York City
* [[Neal Shapiro]], Emmy Award-winning President and CEO of the PBS station [[WNET]]/[[WLIW]] New York City, former president of [[NBC News]]
* [[Atika Shubert]], Jerusalem bureau chief for [[CNN]]
* [[Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, Jr.]], publisher of [[The New York Times]]
* [[Gordon S. Wood]], Pulitzer Prize–winning professor of American history

====Other====
* [[Dan Barber]], Chef and Co-Owner of Blue Hill Restaurant
* [[Garnett Bruce]], prominent American opera director
* [[Seamus Blackley]], video game developer
* [[Taylor Davis]], award-winning plywood sculptor
* [[Nancy Holt]], award-winning artist and sculptor
* [[Kara Kennedy]], film maker, social activist, daughter of Edward M. "Ted" Kennedy
* [[Mark Krikorian]], the executive director of [[Center for Immigration Studies]] and conservative pundit
* [[Staś Kmieć]], renowned theater and dance choreographer, dancer, and the foremost U.S. authority on Polish folk dance and culture
* [[Jim McNitt]], mixed-media painter and photographer
* [[Susan Morse]], first female president of the Olympic Club in San Francisco
* [[Shari Redstone]], Vice Chairman of [[Viacom]]
* [[Monty Sarhan]], Vice-president of [[Viacom]]

===Sciences and academia===
* [[Hady Amr]], policy analyst and author specializing in U.S.-Arab relations
* [[Lisa Anderson (scholar)]], Provost of the [[American University in Cairo]] and [[Middle East]] political scholar
* [[Stephen Moulton Babcock]], agricultural chemist who pioneered the development of nutrition as a science
* [[Frank N. Blanchard]], influential herpetologist and zoologist
* [[Arnaud Blin]], French historian and political scientist
* [[Vannevar Bush]], engineer and scientist noted for his work on the atom bomb and early computing
* [[Elmer Hewitt Capen]], third president of [[Tufts College]] (now Tufts University) and former member of the [[Massachusetts House of Representatives]] while an undergraduate at [[Tufts College]]
* [[Leonard Carmichael]], ninth president of [[Tufts University]], former secretary of the [[Smithsonian Institution]] and Vice President for Research and Exploration at the [[National Geographic Society]]
* [[John L. Carroll]], Dean of [[Samford University]]'s [[Cumberland School of Law]] and former Chief U.S. Magistrate Judge for the Middle District of Alabama
* [[Sean B. Carroll]], influential researcher and professor of [[evolutionary developmental biology]]
* [[Anthony Cortese]], environmental activist/researcher and former Commissioner of the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection
* [[John Albert Cousens]], sixth president of [[Tufts College]] (later Tufts University)
* [[Ram Dass]], aka Richard Alpert, former [[Harvard]] psychology professor involved with the [[Harvard Psilocybin Project]]
* [[Robert Daum]], director of the Iona Pacific Inter-Religious Centre at the [[Vancouver School of Theology]]
* [[Dan Ehrenkrantz]], president of the [[Reconstructionist Rabbinical College]] and influential American rabbi
* [[John E. Endicott]], co-president of [[Woosong University]] and American foreign policy analyst specializing in security issues
* [[Eugene Fama]], 2013 [[Nobel Prize in Economics|Nobel Prize]]–winning economist particularly known for his work on [[portfolio theory]] and [[asset pricing]]
* [[Lewis M. Feldstein]], Co-Chairman of the [[Saguaro Seminar]] and President of the [[New Hampshire Charitable Foundation]]
* [[Matt Glaser]], former chair of the string department at the [[Berklee College of Music]], American jazz and bluegrass violinis
* [[Hollis Godfrey]], second president of [[Drexel University]]
* [[Frederick Grinnell (biologist)]], cell biologist, bio-ethicist, shortlist 2010 [[Royal Society Prizes for Science Books]]
* [[Bernard Marshall Gordon]], inventor who holds over thirty patents, former President and CEO of Analogic Corporation, Neurologica Corporation, and Gordon Engineering Company
* [[Frederick W. Hamilton]], fourth president of [[Tufts College]] (later [[Tufts University]])
* [[Frederick Hauck|Rick Hauck]], American astronaut
* [[Shanil Keshwani]], Canadian Intelligence
* [[Bartholomew W. Hogan]], former [[Surgeon General of the United States Navy]] and Deputy Medical Director of the [[American Psychiatric Association]]
* [[Thomas L. Hopkins]], progressive education professor and theorist
* [[William Leslie Hooper]], acting president of [[Tufts College]] (later Tufts University) between the terms of the fourth and fifth elected presidents
* [[Leonard George Horowitz]], radical health theorist and author
* [[Joi Ito]], CEO of [[Creative Commons]] and Executive Director of [[MIT Media Lab]]
* [[Hassan Jawahery]], American-Iranian physicist and former spokesperon for the [[BaBar experiment]]
* [[David W. Kennedy]], Vice President of International Affairs at [[Brown University]] and legal scholar
* [[Matthew Levitt]], director of the Stein Program on Counterterrorism and Intelligence at the [[Washington Institute for Near East Policy]], frequent terrorism pundit, and former Deputy Assistant Secretary for Intelligence and Analysis at the [[U.S. Department of the Treasury]]
* [[Julie Livingston]], one of thirty-four "genius" [[MacArthur Fellows Program|MacArthur Fellows]] in 2013, for her research at [[Rutgers University]].
* [[Roderick MacKinnon]], winner of the 2003 [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] for his work on the structure and operation of ion channels
* [[Mahmood Mamdani]], African political expert and professor
* [[Colette Mazzucelli]], professor of international affairs
* [[Kathleen McCartney (dean)]], President of [[Smith College]] and former Dean of the [[Harvard Graduate School of Education]] and developmental psychologist
* [[Helen Abbott Michael]], organic chemist
* [[George Stewart Miller]], acting president of [[Tufts College]] (later Tufts University) between the terms of the sixth and seventh elected presidents
* [[Frederick Nelson]], mechanical engineer and professor
* [[Padraig O'Malley]], professor of international studies specializing in the problems of divided societies
* [[Martin Theodore Orne]], [[psychiatry]] and [[psychology]] professor/researcher
* [[Juan Manuel García Passalacqua]], Puerto Rican policy analyst and author
* [[Mark Plotkin]], ethnobotanist and expert on rainforest ecosystems
* [[Joseph W. Polisi]], president of [[The Juilliard School]]
* [[Joanne Pransky]], robotics expert
* [[Victor Prather]], [[United States Navy|US Navy]] surgeon, set the current altitude record for manned balloon flight with [[Malcolm Ross (balloonist)|Malcolm Ross]] in 1961
* [[John Reif]], computer science, nanotechnology, and DNA researcher/professor
* [[Mitchell Reiss]], Vice-Provost of International Affairs at [[The College of William and Mary]], former [[Director of Policy Planning]] at the [[United States Department of State]] and [[United States Special Envoy for Northern Ireland]]
* [[Lew Rockwell]], [[Libertarianism|libertarian]] political activist and Chairman of the [[Ludwig von Mises Institute]]
* [[Ellery Schempp]], physicist and political activist
* [[Albert J. Simone]], former President of [[Rochester Institute of Technology]] and the [[University of Hawaii]] system.
* [[Phillip Hagar Smith]], inventor of the [[Smith chart]], a graphical aid to assist in solving problems with [[transmission lines]] and matching circuits.
* [[Richard J. Smith (anthropologist)]], Dean of the Graduate School of Arts & Sciences at [[Washington University in St. Louis]], influential anthropologist and dentist.
* [[Fred Tanner]], Director of the Geneva Centre for Security Policy ([[Geneva Centre for Security Policy|GCSP]]) and professor/theorist of international affairs.
* [[John Q. Trojanowski]], neurological researcher and professor specializing in degenerative diseases
* [[Frankie Trull]], lobbyist and science advocate focusing on laboratory animal testing, president of the [[National Association for Biomedical Research]], [[Foundation for Biomedical Research]], and Policy Directions Inc.
* [[Norman Wengert]], political scientist and professor
* [[Norbert Wiener]], [[mathematician]] known as the founder of [[cybernetics]]
* [[Gordon S. Wood]], Pulitzer Prize–winning professor of American history

===Athletics===
* [[Michael Aresco]], Commissioner of the [[American Athletic Conference]]
* [[Bob Backus]], Olympic [[track and field]] athlete who set world records in the [[hammer throw]]
* [[John Bello]], former President of NFL Properties
* [[Dick Berggren]], motorsports announcer, racecar driver, and magazine editor
* [[Wally Clement]], professional baseball player
* [[Harrie Dadmun]], professional [[American football]] player
* [[Lou DiBella]], boxing promoter, founder/CEO of Dibella Entertainment, former head of programming for [[HBO Sports]], TV/film producer, and owner of the minor league baseball team The [[Connecticut Defenders]]
* [[Dan Doyle (basketball coach)|Dan Doyle]], Executive Director of the Institute for International Sport and former head men's basketball coach at [[Trinity College (Connecticut)]]
* [[Frederick M. Ellis]], athlete, coach, professor, head football coach at Tufts from 1946 to 1952
* [[Colette Flesch]], Luxembourgian politician and three-time Olympic fencing competitor
* [[Chuck Greenberg (attorney)|Chuck Greenberg]], an American sports [[Attorney at law (United States)|attorney]] and chairman and founder of the Greenberg Sports Group.
* [[William Grinnell]], [[American football]] player and former head football coach at [[Northeastern University]]
* [[Doc Haggerty]], professional [[American football]] player
* [[Doc Hazleton]], professional baseball player
* [[Zander Kirkland]], Olympic sailer
* [[Michelle Kwan]], Olympic figure skater
* [[Jim Lonborg]], Cy Young Award-winning pitcher for the Boston Red Sox
* [[Tony Massarotti]], sportswriter for ''[[The Boston Globe]]'' and author
* [[David Mendelblatt]], yachtsman and ophthalmologist
* [[Mark Mendelblatt]], yachtsman, three-time college All-American, silver medalist at 1999 Pan American Games and 2004 Laser World Championships
* [[Khaldoon Al Mubarak]], chairman of Manchester City F.C. and CEO of Mubadala Development Company
* [[Percy S. Prince]], former [[Louisiana Tech University|Louisiana Tech]] head football and baseball coach and [[Major (United States)|Major]] in the [[United States Army]] during [[World War I]]
* [[Harry Orman Robinson]], former head coach of [[American football]] at UT-Austin and UMissouri-Columbia
* [[Wendy Selig-Prieb]], former CEO of the [[Milwaukee Brewers]] and daughter of [[Bud Selig]], the Commissioner of Major League Baseball
* [[Heinie Stafford]], professional baseball player
* [[Ed Tapscott]], former head coach of the [[Washington Wizards]]
* [[Jonathan Tisch]], co-owner of the [[New York Giants]] and Chairman and CEO of [[Loews Hotels]]
* [[Shane Waldron]], [[tight ends]] coach for the [[New England Patriots]]
* [[Katherine Haley Will]], thirteenth (and first female) president of [[Gettysburg College]] and former chair of the [[Annapolis Group]]
* [[Art Williams (outfielder)]] major league baseball player
* [[Peter Wylde]], Olympic Gold medalist in Team Horse Jumping

===Criminal activity===
* [[Edward and Elaine Brown|Elaine Brown]], tax protester involved in a five-month armed standoff
* [[Andrew Fastow]], former CFO of [[Enron]]
* [[Lea Fastow]] ''née'' Weingarten, former [[Enron]] assistant treasurer and wife of [[Andrew Fastow]]
* [[Gina Grant]], [[matricide]]
* [[Jonathan Pollard]] (did not graduate), Israeli-American spy
* [[Harry Sagansky]], member of the [[Jewish Mafia]], oldest organized crime figure to serve a federal prison term
* [[Jon Schillaci]] (did not graduate), convicted sex offender previously listed as one of the [[FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives|FBI's Ten Most Wanted Fugitives]]

==Notable faculty==
* [[Tadatoshi Akiba]], mathematics professor (1972–1986), Japanese politician and activist
* [[Nalini Ambady]], social psychologist, famous for pioneering and coining [[thin-slicing]]
* [[Jody Azzouni]], logician, philosopher of [[mathematics]]
* [[Lawrence S. Bacow]], economist
* [[Nancy Bauer (philosopher)|Nancy Bauer]], philosopher
* [[Hugo Adam Bedau]], ethicist, editor of ''[[Civil Disobedience]]: Theory and Practice'' (1969) and specialist on the ethical implications of the [[death penalty]]
* [[Stephen W. Bosworth]], Dean of the Fletcher School, currently serving as Secretary of State Clinton's [[Special Representative]] for North Korea Policy
* [[Jay Cantor]], author, screenwriter
* [[Lauro Cavazos]], former U.S. [[United States Department of Education|Secretary of Education]] and president of [[Texas Tech University]]
* [[Antonia Chayes]], Professor of International Politics and Law, former [[United States Under Secretary of the Air Force]]
* [[Allan M. Cormack]] (1924–1998), physicist, [[Nobel Prize]] recipient, inventor of the [[CAT scan]]
* [[Daniel C. Dennett]], philosopher, author of ''[[Darwin's Dangerous Idea]]'' and ''[[Consciousness Explained]]''
* [[John J. Donovan]], entrepreneur, Assistant Professor of Pediatrics (1973–1983)
* [[Daniel W. Drezner]], Professor of International Politics, regular featured columnist in ''Foreign Policy'' Magazine
* [[Lee Edelman]], English professor, author of ''No Future: Queer Theory and the Death Drive''
* [[Felipe Fernandez-Armesto]], history professor
* [[John Galvin (soldier)|John Galvin]] (1995–2000), General and former Dean of the [[Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]]<ref>[http://www.aogusma.org/aog/awards/DGA/97cit/c-galvin.htm Aogusma.org]</ref>
* [[Frank Pierrepont Graves]], noted historian of education
* [[Margaret Henderson Floyd]], art historian and author of ''Henry Hobson Richardson'' and other books on architectural history
* [[Joseph Igersheimer]] German, *1879 †1965, ophthalmologist, famous in Turkey
* [[Ayesha Jalal]], historian of South Asia, MacArthur fellow, Carnegie scholar
* [[Ray Jackendoff]], linguist, author of ''[[Foundations of Language]]''
* [[Sheldon Krimsky]]
* [[Maxine Kumin]], Pulitzer Prize–winning poet and Poet Laureate of the United States 1981-1982
* [[Alfred Church Lane]], geologist
* [[Louis Lasagna]], former Dean of the [[Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences]] and Academic Dean of the [[Tufts University School of Medicine|School of Medicine]], known for introducing the modern [[Hippocratic Oath]]
* [[Philip Levine (poet)|Philip Levine]], [[Pulitzer Prize]]–winning poet and [[National Book Award]] recipient.<ref>[http://www.tufts.edu/alumni/magazine/summer2011/features/nashville.html] "Crooked Road to Nashville". Accessed September 29, 2010.</ref>
* [[Franklin M. Loew]], former Dean of the College of Veterinary Medicine
* [[William C. Martel]] – Associate Professor of International Security Studies
* [[William Green Miller]], Professor and Associate Dean, [[United States Ambassador to Ukraine]] from 1993 to 1998
* [[William Moulton Marston]], died 1947, taught briefly at Tufts in the 1920s, creator of [[Wonder Woman]]
* [[Haruki Murakami]], Japanese author
* [[Adil Najam]], international negotiation and diplomacy
* [[Vali Nasr]], Iranian-American academic and scholar, as well as Associate Chair of Research at the Department of National Security Affairs of the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California.
* [[Raymond S. Nickerson]], psychologist and author
* [[Martin Sherwin]], Walter S. Dickson professor of English and American History, [[Pulitzer Prize]] winner for biography on [[J. Robert Oppenheimer]]
* [[Robert Sternberg]], Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences and eminent psychologist, President of the APA
* [[John H. Sununu]], former Dean of the College of Engineering, conservative U.S. politician
* [[Barry Trimmer]], professor of Biology, invented (with [[David L. Kaplan (biomedical engineer)|David Kaplan]]) the world's first soft bodied robot
* [[Alexander Vilenkin]], theoretical physicist
* [[Jonathan Wilson (author)|Jonathan Wilson]], author
* [[Wayne Winterrowd]] (1941–2010), horticulturist and author known for his gardens in Southern Vermont.<ref>Raver, Ann. [http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/24/us/24winterrowd.html "Wayne Winterrowd, Gardening Expert, Dies at 68"], ''[[The New York Times]]'', September 24, 2010. Accessed September 29, 2010.</ref>

==Notable honorary degree recipients==
{{Expand list|date=May 2014}}
Tufts awards [[honorary degree]]s to outstanding people since 1858; among them:<ref> http://trustees.tufts.edu/hondegree/degrees/</ref>

* 1858: [[Thomas Whittemore (Universalist)|Thomas Whittemore]] (Divinity)
: ...
* 1946: [[Norbert Wiener]] (Science) 
: ...
* 1950: [[Thomas Whittemore]] (Letters)
: ...
* 1986: [[Jane Goodall]] (Science) 
: ...
* 1989: [[Stephen Hawking]] (Science) 
: ...
* 1995: [[Murray Gell-Mann]] (Science) 
: ...
* 2011: [[Charles M. Vest]] (Science), [[Geoffrey Canada]] (Humane Letters), [[Jamaica Kincaid]] (Humane Letters), [[Pierre Omidyar]] (Public Service), [[Robert Solow]] (Science)<ref>http://commencement.tufts.edu/honorary-degree-recipients/honorary-degree-recipients-2011/</ref>
* 2012: [[Eric Greitens]] (Humane Letters), [[Lawrence S. Bacow]] (Humane Letters), [[Bonnie Bassler]] (Science), [[Farooq Kathwari]] (Public Service)<ref>http://commencement.tufts.edu/honorary-degree-recipients/honorary-degree-recipients-2012/</ref>
* 2013: [[Claude Steele]] (Humane Letters), [[Lois Gibbs]] (Public Service), [[Raymond Sackler]] (Humane Letters)<ref>http://commencement.tufts.edu/honorary-degree-recipients/honorary-degree-recipients-2013/</ref>
* 2014: [[Anne-Marie Slaughter]] (Laws), [[James Lawson (American activist)|James Lawson]] (Public Service), [[Jill Lepore]] (Humane Letters), [[Haruki Murakami]] (Letters)<ref>http://commencement.tufts.edu/honorary-degree-recipients/honorary-degree-recipients-2014/</ref>

==Fictional characters==
* [[Elaine Benes]], from the television show ''[[Seinfeld]]''
* [[Jennifer Melfi]], played by Lorraine Bracco, from the television show ''[[The Sopranos]]''
* [[Dr. Jordan Cavanaugh]], from the television show ''[[Crossing Jordan]]''

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Tufts University People}}
[[Category:Tufts University alumni| ]]
[[Category:Lists of people by university or college in the United States|Tufts University alumni]]
[[Category:Lists of people by educational affiliation in Massachusetts|Tufts University]]

Harvard Medical School

2014-09-29T20:49:06Z

192.75.165.28:

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{{Infobox university
|image_name = [[File:Harvard Medical School seal.svg|250px]]
|name = Harvard Medical School
|established = 1782
|type = [[Private school|Private]]
|dean = [[Jeffrey S. Flier]]
|city = [[Boston]]
|state = [[Massachusetts]]
|country = US
|students = 1,563 705 MD 147 DMD 556 PhD 155 MD-PhD
|faculty = 10,884
|campus = [[urban area|Urban]]
|website= [http://hms.harvard.edu/ hms.harvard.edu]
|logo = 
|endowment= $3.0 billion<ref name="HMSinfo">{{cite web|url=http://hms.harvard.edu/hms/facts.asp|title=Harvard Medicine — Basic Facts|accessdate=February 25, 2010}}</ref>}}

'''Harvard Medical School''' ('''HMS''') is the graduate [[medical school]] of [[Harvard University]]. It is located in the [[Longwood Medical Area]] of the [[Mission Hill, Boston|Mission Hill]] neighborhood of [[Boston, Massachusetts]]. It has been ranked the #1 research medical school in the United States by ''[[U.S. News & World Report]]'' every year since the magazine began publishing medical school rankings.<ref>{{cite web|title=Massachusetts General Hospital|url=http://health.usnews.com/best-hospitals/area/ma/massachusetts-general-hospital-6140430|publisher=US News & World Report|accessdate=9 March 2013}}</ref>

The school has a large and distinguished faculty to support its missions of education, research, and clinical care. These faculty hold appointments in the basic science departments on the HMS Quadrangle, and in the clinical departments located in multiple [[Harvard University|Harvard]]-affiliated [[hospital]]s and institutions in Boston. There are approximately 2,900 full- and part-time voting faculty members consisting of assistant, associate, and full professors, and over 5,000 full or part-time, non-voting instructors.

The current dean of the medical school is Jeffrey S. Flier, an endocrinologist and the former Chief Academic Officer of the [[Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center]], who succeeded neurologist [[Joseph B. Martin]], M.D., Ph.D on September 1, 2007.<ref name="HMSdean">{{cite web|url=http://hms.harvard.edu/public/news/new-dean.html|title=Dean of Harvard's Faculty of Medicine}}</ref>

== History ==

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| image1 = Massachusetts Medical College ca1824 MasonSt Boston.png
| alt1 = Massachusetts Medical College at Mason St. (Old building)
| caption1 = Massachusetts Medical College at Mason St. (Old building)
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| alt2 = Harvard Medical School quadrangle in [[Longwood Medical and Academic Area|Longwood Medical Area]].
| caption2 = Harvard Medical School quadrangle in [[Longwood Medical and Academic Area|Longwood Medical Area]].
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The school is the third-oldest medical school in the United States (after [[Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania]] and [[Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons]]) and was founded by [[John Warren (surgeon)|John Warren]] on September 19, 1782, with [[Benjamin Waterhouse]], and [[Aaron Dexter]]. The first lectures were given in the basement of Harvard Hall and then in [[Holden Chapel]]. The first class, composed of two students, graduated in 1788.

It moved from [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]] to 49 Marlborough Street in [[Boston]] in 1810. From 1816 to 1846, the school, known as Massachusetts Medical College of Harvard University, was located on Mason Street. In 1847 the school relocated to North Grove Street, and then to Copley Square in 1883.

{{anchor#Quadrangle}}The school moved to its current location on Longwood Avenue in 1906, where the "Great White Quadrangle" or HMS Quad with its five white marble buildings was established.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hms.harvard.edu/public/history/history.html|title=Harvard Medical School — History|accessdate=February 25, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.countway.harvard.edu/archives/historyNotes.shtml
|title=Countway Medical Library — Records Management — Historical Notes|accessdate=February 25, 2007 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20060901175511/http://www.countway.harvard.edu/archives/historyNotes.shtml  |archivedate = September 1, 2006}}</ref> The architect for the campus was the Boston firm of [[Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge]].

The four major flagship teaching hospitals of Harvard Medical School are [[Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center]], [[Brigham and Women's Hospital]], [[Boston Children's Hospital]] and [[Massachusetts General Hospital]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hms.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/deans_report_2007.pdf|work=Harvard Medical Dean's Report 2007-2008|title=The Dean's Report}}</ref>

== Teaching affiliates ==
* [[Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center]]
* [[Boston Children's Hospital]]
* [[Brigham and Women's Hospital]]
* [[Cambridge Health Alliance]]
* [[Center for Engineering in Medicine]][http://cem.sbi.org]
* [[Dana–Farber Cancer Institute]]
* [[The Forsyth Institute]]
* [[Harvard Pilgrim Health Care]]
* [[Joslin Diabetes Center]]
* [[Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary]]
* [[Massachusetts General Hospital]]
* [[Massachusetts Mental Health Center]]
* [[McLean Hospital]]
* [[Mount Auburn Hospital]]
* [[Schepens Eye Research Institute]]
* [[Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital]]
* [[VA Boston Healthcare System]]
* Hebrew Senior Life

== Student life ==

=== Second-year show ===
Every winter, second year students at HMS write, direct, and perform a full-length musical parody of Harvard, their professors, and themselves. The year 2007 was the centennial performance as the Class of 2009 presented "Joseph Martin and the Amazing Technicolor White Coat"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.secondyearshow.com/
|title=Class of 2009 Second Year Show|accessdate=March 11, 2007}}</ref> to sellout crowds at Roxbury Community College on February 22, 23, and 24.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://focus.hms.harvard.edu/2007/030907/second_year_show.shtml
|title=SECOND YEAR SHOW: New Curriculum Debuts in Second Year Show|accessdate=March 11, 2007}}</ref>

=== Societies ===
Upon matriculation, medical students at Harvard Medical School are divided into five societies named after famous alumni. Each society has a master along with several associate society masters who serve as academic advisors to students.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hms.harvard.edu/pme/societies.asp|title=Medical Education at Harvard Medical School}}</ref> In the New Pathway program, students work in small group tutorials and lab sessions within their societies. Every year, the five societies compete in "Society Olympics" for the famed "Pink Flamingo" trophy in a series of events (e.g., dance-off, dodgeball, limbo contest) that test the unorthodox talents of the students in each society. The most recent champions are London (Class of 2015), London (Class of 2014) and Cannon (Class of 2013). London (HST) has won the competition most frequently.

* [[Francis Weld Peabody]]
* [[William Bosworth Castle]]
* [[Walter Bradford Cannon]]
* [[Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr.|Oliver Wendell Holmes]]
* [[Irving M. London]] ([[Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology|Health Sciences and Technology, HST]])

== Partners Harvard Medical International ==
Harvard Medical School (HMS) has a medical-consulting arm, Partners Harvard Medical International (PHMI). PHMI has long-standing collaborative relationships with medical faculties at [[Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich|Ludwig Maximilians University]] in [[Munich]], Germany, [[Alfaisal University]], [[Riyadh]], [[Saudi Arabia]] and the [[Lebanese American University]] (LAU) in [[Beirut]], [[Lebanon]]. Other long-standing relationships include PHMI's work with [[Asan Medical Center]] in [[Seoul]], South Korea, and Tokyo [[Tokyo Medical and Dental University|Medical and Dental University]] in Japan. In 2007 PHMI began a 10‑year collaboration with Lebanese American University; in October 2009 LAU opened a new medical school with assistance from PHMI.<ref>{{cite web|title=Partners Harvard Medical International — Lebanese American University Medical School|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partners_Harvard_Medical_International|publisher=Wikipedia|accessdate=10 March 2012}}</ref>

== Notable alumni ==
* [[John R. Adler]] - academic
* [[Robert B. Aird]] - academic
* [[Tenley Albright]] - figure skater
* [[David Altshuler]] - geneticist
* [[Harold Amos]] - microbiologist<ref>{{cite web | url=http://articles.latimes.com/2003/mar/08/local/me-passings8.2 | title=Dr. Harold Amos, 84; Mentor to Aspiring Minority Physicians | accessdate=2011-02-19 | date=2003-03-08 | work=Los Angeles Times}}</ref>
* [[William French Anderson]] - geneticist
* [[Christian B. Anfinsen]] - biochemist, Nobel laureate
* [[Paul S. Appelbaum]] - academic
* [[Jerry Avorn]] - academic
* [[Babak Azizzadeh]] - Facial surgery specialist and surgeon for [[Mary Jo Buttafuoco]] after she was shot by [[Amy Fisher]] in 1992.
*[[Arie Belldegrun|Arie S. Belldegrun]] - director of the [[UCLA]] Institute of [[Urology|Urologic]] [[Oncology]] and is [[Professor]] and Chief of Urologic Oncology at the [[David Geffen School of Medicine]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://people.healthsciences.ucla.edu/institution/personnel?personnel_id=8731 |title=Arie Belldegrun M.D. | David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA |publisher=People.healthsciences.ucla.edu |date= |accessdate=2013-06-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usrf.org/PCSPES/belldegrun.shtml |title=Arie Belldegrun, M.D |publisher=Usrf.org |date= |accessdate=2013-06-27}}</ref>
* [[Rebecka Belldegrun]] - [[ophthalmologist]] and businesswoman
* [[Herbert Benson]] - cardiologist, author of ''[[The Relaxation Response]]''
* [[Ira Black]] - [[neuroscientist]] and [[stem cell]] researcher who served as the first director of the [[Stem Cell Institute of New Jersey]].<ref>Pearce, Jeremy. [http://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/12/nyregion/12black.html "Dr. Ira B. Black, 64, Leader in New Jersey Stem Cell Effort, Dies"], ''[[The New York Times]]'', January 12, 2006. Retrieved August 13, 2009.</ref>
* [[Roscoe Brady]] - biochemist
* [[Henry Bryant (naturalist)|Henry Bryant]] - physician
* [[Yōichi Takahashi]] - physician, music composer
* [[Rafael Campo (poet)|Rafael Campo]] - poet
* [[Ethan Canin]] - author
* [[Walter Bradford Cannon]] - physiologist
* [[William B. Castle (hematologist)|William B. Castle]] - hematologist
* [[George C. S. Choate]] - physician
* [[Gilbert Chu]] - physician, biochemist
* [[Aram Chobanian]] - President of [[Boston University]] (2003–2005)
* [[Stanley Cobb]] - neurologist
* [[Ernest Codman]] - physician
* [[Albert Coons]] - physician, immunologist, Lasker Award winner
* [[Michael Crichton]] - author
* [[Harvey Cushing]] - renowned neurosurgeon
* [[Elliott Cutler]] - surgeon
* [[Hallowell Davis]] (1896–1992) - researcher of hearing, contributor to the invention of the electroencephalograph.<ref>Saxon, Wolfgang. [http://www.nytimes.com/1992/09/10/us/hallowell-davis-96-an-explorer-who-charted-the-inner-ear-dies.html "Hallowell Davis, 96, an Explorer Who Charted the Inner Ear, Dies"], ''[[New York Times]]'', September 10, 1992. Accessed July 19, 2010.</ref>
* [[Martin Delany]] - One of the first African Americans to attend, and the first African-American field officer in the United States. He was expelled after a faculty vote to end the admission of blacks.<ref name="Metaphysical Club">{{citation |last=Menand |first=Louis |authorlink=Louis Menand |title=[[The Metaphysical Club: A Story of Ideas in America]] |location=New York |publisher=[[Farrar, Straus and Giroux]] |isbn=0-374-52849-7 |year=2001 |pages=7–9}}</ref>
* [[Fe del Mundo]] - pediatrician, first Filipino and possibly first woman admitted to HMS (1936)
* [[Allan S. Detsky]] - physician
* [[James Madison DeWolf]] - soldier; physician
* [[Peter Diamandis]] - entrepreneur
* [[Daniel DiLorenzo]] - entrepreneur; neurosurgeon; inventor
* [[Thomas Dwight]] - anatomist
* [[Lawrence Eron]] - infectious disease physician
* [[Edward Evarts]] - neuroscientist
* [[Sidney Farber]] - pathologist
* [[Paul Farmer]] - infectious disease physician; global health
* [[Jonathan Fielding]] - past president [[American College of Preventive Medicine]]; health administrator; academic
* [[Harvey V. Fineberg]] - academic administrator
* [[John "Honey Fitz" Fitzgerald]] - Mayor of Boston (1906–08; 1910–14)
* [[Thomas B. Fitzpatrick|Thomas Fitzpatrick]] - dermatologist
* [[Judah Folkman]] - scientist
* [[Bill Frist]] - U.S. Senator (1995–2007)
* [[Atul Gawande]] - surgeon, author
* [[Charles Brenton Huggins]] - physician; physiologist; Nobel laureate
* [[George Lincoln Goodale]] - botanist
* [[Robert Goldwyn]] - surgeon, [[editor-in-chief]] of ''Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery'' for 25 years<ref>Murray, Joseph E. M.D., http://journals.lww.com/plasreconsurg/Fulltext/2004/10001/Bob_Goldwyn.4.aspx ''Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery'', October 2004, Volume 114, accessed March 20, 2011.</ref>
* [[Ernest Gruening]] - Governor of the Alaska Territory (1939–53); U.S. Senator (1959–69)
* [[I. Kathleen Hagen]] - Murder suspect
* [[Dean Hamer]] - geneticist
* [[Alice Hamilton]] - first female faculty member at Harvard Medical School.
* [[J. Hartwell Harrison]] - surgeon - first kidney transplant, [[editor-in-chief]] of ''Campbell's Urology'' (4th ed.)
* [[Michael R. Harrison]] - pediatrician
* [[Bernadine Healy]] - Director of the [[National Institutes of Health]] (1991–93); CEO of the [[American Red Cross]] (1999–2001)
* [[Ronald A. Heifetz]] - academic
* [[Lawrence Joseph Henderson]] - biochemist
* [[David Ho (scientist)|David Ho]] - infectious disease physician
* [[Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr.]] - physician; poet
* [[William James]] - philosopher
* [[Mildred Fay Jefferson]] Pro-Life Activist; first African American woman to graduate from Harvard Medical School.
* [[Elliott P. Joslin]] - diabetolologist
* [[Nathan Cooley Keep]] - physician who founded the [[Harvard School of Dental Medicine]]
* [[Jim Kim]] - physician, global health leader, current President of the World Bank
* [[Melvin Konner]] - author and biological anthropologist
* [[Charles Krauthammer]] - columnist
* [[Daniel Laing, Jr.]] - One of the first African Americans to attend, and one of the first African American physicians. He was expelled after a faculty vote to end the admission of blacks, but finished his degree elsewhere.<ref name="Metaphysical Club" />
* [[Philip J. Landrigan]] - epidemiologist and pediatrician
* [[Aristides Leão]] - biologist
* [[Philip Leder]] - geneticist
* [[Simon LeVay]] - neuroscientist
* [[Pam Ling]] - castmate on ''[[The Real World: San Francisco]]''<ref name=PamBio>[http://www.mtv.com/ontv/dyn/realworld-season3/cast_member/cast_member.jhtml?personalityId=1016 Biography page for Pam Ling at mtv.com]</ref>
* [[Joseph Lovell]] - Surgeon General of the U.S. Army (1818–36)
* [[Karl Menninger]] - psychiatrist
* [[John S. Meyer]] - physician
* [[Randell Mills]] - scientist
* [[Vamsi Mootha]] - systems biologist and geneticist
* [[Siddhartha Mukherjee]] - physician, author
* [[Joseph Murray]] - surgeon
* [[Joel Mark Noe]] - plastic surgeon
* [[Amos Nourse]] - U.S. Senator (1857)
* [[David C. Page|David Page]] - biologist
* [[Hiram Polk]] - academic
* [[Geoffrey Potts]] - academic
* [[Morton Prince]] - neurologist
* Jayantibhai Patel — Cardiothoracic surgeon
* [[Alexander Rich]] - biophysicist
* [[Oswald Hope Robertson]] - medical scientist
* [[Richard Starr Ross]]- Dean Emeritus of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, Former President of the American Heart Association.
* [[Wilfredo Santa-Gómez]] - author
* [[George E. Shambaugh, Jr.]] -Otolaryngologist
* [[Alfred Sommer]] - academic
* [[Shanil Keshwani]] - Canadian Intelligence
* [[Philip Solomon]] (psychiatrist) - academic
* [[Paul Spangler]] - Naval surgeon and record setting Senior [[Long distance runner]]
* [[Samuel L. Stanley]] - 5th President of [[Stony Brook University]], academic, physician, [[biomedical research]]er
* [[Felicia Stewart]] - physician
* [[Lubert Stryer]] - academic; coauthor of ''Biochemistry''
* [[Yellapragada Subbarow]] - biochemist
* [[James B. Sumner]] - chemist
* [[Helen B. Taussig]] - cardiologist; helped develop [[Blalock–Taussig shunt]]
* [[John Templeton, Jr.]] - president of the [[John Templeton Foundation]]
* [[E. Donnall Thomas]] - physician
* [[Lewis Thomas]] - essayist
* [[Abby Howe Turner]] - academic
* [[Richard Urman]] - physician
* [[George Eman Vaillant]] - psychiatrist
* [[Mark Vonnegut]] - author; pediatrician
* [[Joseph Warren]] - soldier
* [[Andrew Weil]] - proponent of alternative medicine
* [[Paul Dudley White]] - cardiologist
* [[Robert J. White]] - neurosurgeon (Performed first monkey head transplant in the 1970s)
* Patrisha [[Zobel de Ayala]] - Chairman of [[World Medical Association]], surgeon, anesthesiologist, neurologist, medical researcher
* [[Charles F. Winslow]] - early atomic theorist
* [[Leonard Wood]] - [[Chief of Staff of the United States Army]] ; [[Governor-General]] of the Philippines
* [[Louis T. Wright|Louis Tompkins Wright]] - researcher, practitioner, first black [[Fellow of the American College of Surgeons]],<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,882266,00.html Medicine: Negro Fellow] ''Time'', 29 October 1934</ref> Chairman of [[NAACP]]
* [[David Wu]] - Member of the U.S. House of Representatives (1999–2011)
* [[Jeffries Wyman]] - anatomist
* [[Yang Huanming]] - academic

== See also ==
{{Portal|Boston|Massachusetts|University}}

{{div col|colwidth=20em|small=yes}}
* [[Harvard School of Dental Medicine]]
* [[List of Harvard University people]]
* [[List of Ivy League medical schools]]
* [[Longwood Medical and Academic Area]]
* [[University of Edinburgh Medical School]]
{{div col end}}

{{Clear}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}

== External links ==
* [http://hms.harvard.edu/ Official website]

{{harvard}}
{{Ivy League medical school navbox}}

[[Category:Harvard University schools|Medical]]
[[Category:Harvard Medical School| ]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in Boston, Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Schools of medicine in Massachusetts]]
[[Category:1782 establishments in the United States]]

Jonathan Wild

2014-08-21T19:02:19Z

192.75.165.28: /* Wild's public career as "Thief-Taker General" */

'''Jonathan Wild''' (1682/3 – 24 May 1725) was a London underworld figure, notable for operating on both sides of the law, posing as a public-spirited crimefighter, titled ‘Thief Taker General’.

Wild was exploiting a strong public demand for action during a major London crime wave in the absence of any effective police force. As a powerful gang-leader himself, he became a master manipulator of legal systems, collecting the rewards offered for valuables he had stolen himself, bribing prison-guards to release his colleagues, and blackmailing any who crossed him. He was responsible for the arrest and execution of his chief rival, [[Jack Sheppard]]. But his duplicity was becoming known, and his men began to give evidence against him. After a failed suicide attempt, he was hanged at Tyburn before a massive crowd.

He was featured in novels, poems and plays, some of them noting parallels between Wild and the contemporary Prime Minister [[Robert Walpole|Walpole]], known as The Great Corrupter.

==Early life==
Though his exact birth date is unknown, Wild was born in [[Wolverhampton]] in either 1682 or 1683 - although he was also alleged to have been born in the nearby [[Shropshire]] village of [[Boningale]]<ref name=raven31> Raven, M. ''A Guide to Shropshire'', 2005, p.31</ref> - as the first of five children in a poor family.<ref name="moore18">Moore, p. 18.</ref> He was baptised at [[St. Peter's Collegiate Church, Wolverhampton]]. His father, John Wild, was a carpenter, and his mother sold herbs and fruits in the local market. At that time, Wolverhampton was the second-largest town in [[Staffordshire]], with a population of around 6,000, many involved in iron-working and related trades.

Wild attended the Free School in St John's Lane, and was apprenticed to a local buckle-maker.<ref name="moore19">Moore, p. 19.</ref> He married and had a son, but came to London in 1704 as a servant. After being dismissed by his master, he returned to Wolverhampton, before coming back to London in 1708.<ref name="moore20">Moore, p. 20.</ref> London was by far the largest city in England, with a population of around 600,000, of whom around 70,000 lived within the ancient city walls of the [[City of London]].<ref name="moore3">Moore, p. 3.</ref>

Little is known of Wild's first two years in London, but he was arrested for debt in March 1710, and sent to [[Wood Street Counter]], one of the [[debtor's prison]]s in the [[City of London]]. The prisons were notoriously corrupt, with gaolers demanding a bribe, or "garnish", for any minor comfort. Wild became popular, running errands for the gaolers and eventually earning enough to repay his original debts and the cost of being imprisoned, and even lend money to other prisoners. He received "the liberty of the gate", meaning that he was allowed out at night to aid in the arrest of thieves.<ref name="moore25">Moore, p. 25.</ref> There, he met one [[Mary Milliner]] (or Mary Mollineaux), a prostitute who began to teach Wild criminal ways and, according to [[Daniel Defoe]], "brought him into her own gang, whether of thieves or whores, or of both, is not much material." He was also introduced to a wide range of London's criminal underclass. With his new skills and contacts, Wild was released in 1712 under an [[Act of Parliament]] passed earlier that year for the relief of insolvent debtors.<ref>10 Anne C.29.</ref><ref name="moore43">Moore, p. 43.</ref>

Upon release, Wild began to live with Mary Milliner as her husband in Lewkenor's Land (now Macklin Street) in [[Covent Garden]],<ref name="moore43"/> despite both of them having prior marriages. Wild apparently served as Milliner's tough when she went night-walking. Soon Wild was thoroughly acquainted with the underworld, both with its methods and its inhabitants. At some point during this period, Milliner had begun to act as something of a madam to other prostitutes, and Wild as a [[Fence (criminal)|fence]], or receiver of stolen goods. Wild began, slowly at first, to dispose of stolen goods and to pay bribes to get thieves out of prison.

He later parted with Milliner, cutting off her ear to mark her as a prostitute.<ref name="moore65">Moore, p. 65.</ref>

==Coming into his own==
Crime had risen dramatically in London beginning in 1680, and property crime, in particular, rose sharply as London grew in importance as a commercial hub. In 1712 [[Charles Hitchen]], Wild's forerunner and future rival as [[thief-taker]], said that he personally knew 2,000 people in London who made their living solely by theft. In 1711 Hitchen had obtained public office as the City's Under Marshal, effectively its top policeman, paying £700 for the appointment. He abused his office, however, by practising extortion on an extravagant scale, both from thieves and from their potential victims.<ref name="moore63">Moore, p. 63.</ref> Hitchen would accept bribes to let thieves out of jail, selectively arrest criminals, and coerce sexual services from [[molly house]]s. His [[testimony#Legal testimony|testimony]] about the rise of crime was given during an investigation of these activities by the London [[Board of Aldermen]], who suspended him from the Under Marshal position in 1713.

In around 1713, Wild was approached by Hitchen to become one of his assistants in thief-taking, a profitable activity on account of the £40 reward paid by the government for catching a felon. Wild may have become known to Hitchen's associates, known as his "Mathematicians", during his lengthy stay in [[Wood Street Compter]]; certainly one, William Field, later worked for Wild.<ref name="moore63"/>

The advent of daily newspapers had led to a rising interest in crime and criminals. As the papers reported notable crimes and ingenious attacks, the public worried more and more about property crime and grew more and more interested in the issues of criminals and policing. London depended entirely upon localised policing and had no city-wide police force. Unease with crime was at a feverish high. The public was eager to embrace both colourful criminals (e.g. [[Jack Sheppard]] and the entirely upper-class gang called the "[[Mohocks]]" in 1712) and valiant crime-fighters. The city's population had more than doubled, and there was no effective means of controlling crime. London saw a rise not only in thievery, but in organised crime during the period.

The ending of the [[War of the Spanish Succession]] meant a further increase in crime as demobilised soldiers were on the streets. By this time, 1714, Hitchen was restored to his office, but Wild went his own way, and he opened a small office in the Blue Boar tavern, run by Mrs Seagoe in Little Old Bailey.<ref name="moore65"/> He continued to call himself Hitchen's "Deputy", entirely without any official standing, and took to carrying a sword as a mark of his supposed authority, also alluding to pretensions of gentility.<ref name="moore65"/>

==Wild's public career as "Thief-Taker General"==
Wild's method of illegally amassing riches while appearing to be on the side of the law was ingenious. He ran a gang of thieves, kept the stolen goods, and waited for the crime and theft to be announced in the newspapers. At this point, he would claim that his "thief taking agents" (police) had "found" the stolen merchandise, and he would return it to its rightful owners for a reward (to cover the expenses of running his agents). In some cases, if the stolen items or circumstances allowed for blackmail, he did not wait for the theft to be announced. As well as "recovering" these stolen goods, he would offer the police aid in finding the thieves. The thieves that Wild would help to "discover", however, were rivals or members of his own gang who had refused to cooperate with his taking the majority of the money. {{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}

Wild's ability to hold his gang together, and indeed the majority of his scheme, relied upon the fear of theft and the nation's reaction to theft.
The crime of selling stolen goods became increasingly dangerous in the period from 1700 to 1720, such so that low-level thieves ran a great risk in fencing their goods. Wild avoided this danger and exploited it simultaneously by having his gang steal, either through [[pickpocketing]] or, more often, mugging, and then by "recovering" the goods. He never sold the goods back, explicitly, nor ever pretended that they were not stolen. He claimed at all times that he found the goods by policing and avowed hatred of thieves. That very penalty for selling stolen goods, however, allowed Wild to control his gang very effectively, for he could turn in any of his thieves to the authorities at any time. By giving the goods to him for a cut of the profits, Wild's thieves were selling stolen goods. If they did not give their take to him, Wild would simply apprehend them as thieves. However, what Wild chiefly did was use his thieves and ruffians to "apprehend" rival gangs.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}

Jonathan Wild was not the first thief-taker who was actually a thief himself.
[[Charles Hitchen]] had used his position as Under-Marshal to practice extortion. He had pressured brothels and pickpockets to pay him off or give him the stolen goods since purchasing the position in 1712, and the extortion was already an established practice at that time.
When Hitchen was suspended from his duties for corruption in that year, he engaged Jonathan Wild to keep his business of extortion going in his absence.
Hitchen was re-instated in 1714, and found that Wild was now a rival, and one of Wild's first acts of gang warfare was to eliminate as many of the thieves in Hitchen's control as he could.
In 1718, Hitchen attempted to expose Wild with his ''A True Discovery of the Conduct of Receivers and Thief-Takers in and about the City of London.''
There he named Wild as a manager and source of crime.
Wild replied with ''An Answer to a Late Insolent Libel'' and there explained that Hitchen was a homosexual who visited "[[molly house]]s."<ref>{{cite book | title=Con Men and Cutpurses: Scenes from the Hogarthian Underworld | series=Penguin Classics | editor=Lucy Moore | publisher=Penguin | year=2004 | isbn=0-14-043760-6 | page= }}</ref> Hitchen attempted to further combat Wild with a pamphlet entitled ''The Regulator,'' which was his characterization of Wild,<ref>{{cite book | title=Criminality and narrative in eighteenth-century England: beyond the law | author=Hal Gladfelder | publisher=JHU Press | year=2001 | isbn=0-8018-6608-1 | pages=30–31 }}</ref> but Hitchen's prior suspensions from duties and the shocking charge of homosexuality virtually eliminated him as a threat to Wild.

Wild held a virtual monopoly on crime in London.
Legends arose surrounding his management of his "empire."
One held that he kept records of all thieves in his employ, and when they had outlived their usefulness, Wild sold them to the gallows for the £40 reward.
This supposed system inspired a fake or folk etymology of the phrase "[[Double cross (betrayal)|double cross]]."
It is alleged that, when a thief vexed Wild in some way, he put a cross by the thief's name; a second cross condemned the man to be sold to the Crown for hanging. (This fabulous story is contradicted by the fact that the noun "double cross" did not enter English usage until 1834.)

In public, Wild presented an heroic face. He was the man who returned stolen goods. He was the man who caught criminals. In 1718, Wild called himself "Thief Taker General of Great Britain and Ireland". By his testimony, over sixty thieves were sent to the gallows. His "finding" of lost merchandise was private, but his efforts at finding thieves were public. Wild's office in the [[Old Bailey]] was a busy spot. Victims of crime would come by, even before announcing their losses, and discover that Wild's agents had "found" the missing items, and Wild would offer to help find the criminals for an extra fee. However, while fictional treatments made use of the device, it is not known whether or not Wild ever actually turned in one of his own gang for a private fee.

In 1720, Wild's fame was such that the [[Privy Council]] consulted with him on methods of controlling crime. Wild's recommendation was, unsurprisingly, that the rewards for evidence against thieves be raised.
Indeed, the reward for capturing a thief went from £40 to £140 within the year.
This amounted to a significant pay increase for Wild.
There is some evidence that Wild was favoured, or at least ignored, by the [[British Whig Party|Whig]] politicians and opposed by the [[Tory]] politicians.
In 1718, a Tory group had succeeded in having the laws against receiving stolen property tightened, primarily with Wild's activities in mind.
Ironically, this strengthened Wild's hand, rather than weakening it, for it made it more difficult for thieves to fence their goods ''except'' through Wild.

Wild's battles with thieves made excellent press.
Wild himself would approach the papers with accounts of his derring-do, and the papers passed these on to a concerned public.
Thus, in July to August 1724, the papers carried accounts of Wild's heroic efforts in collecting twenty-one members of the Carrick Gang (with an £800 reward—approximately £25,000 in the year 2000). When one of the members of the gang was released, Wild pursued him and had him arrested on "further information". To the public, this seemed like a relentless defence of order.
In reality, it was a gang warfare disguised as national service.

When Wild solicited for a finder's fee, he usually held all the power in the transaction.
For example, David Nokes quotes (based on Howson) the following advertisement from the ''[[Daily Post (London newspaper)|Daily Post]]'' in 1724 in his edition of [[Henry Fielding]]'s ''The Life and Death of Jonathan Wild, the Great'':

{{quote |<poem>"Lost, the 1st of October, a black shagreen Pocket-Book, edged with
Silver, with some Notes of Hand. The said Book was lost in the
Strand, near Fountain Tavern, about 7 or 8 o'clock at Night. If
any Person will bring aforementioned Book to Mr Jonathan Wild,
in the Old Bailey, he shall have a Guinea reward."</poem>}}

The advert is extortion. The "notes of hand" (agreements of debt) mean signatures, so Wild already knows the name of the book's owner. Furthermore, Wild tells the owner through the ad that he knows what its owner was doing at the time, since the Fountain Tavern was a brothel. The real purpose of the ad is to threaten the notebook's owner with announcing his visit to a bordello, either to the debtors or the public, and it even names a price for silence (a [[British coin Guinea|guinea]], or one pound and one shilling).

==The Jack Sheppard struggle and downfall==
By 1724, London political life was experiencing a crisis of public confidence. In 1720, the [[South Sea Bubble]] had burst, and the public was growing restive about corruption. Authority figures were beginning to be viewed with scepticism.

[[Image:Jack Sheppard - Thornhill.jpg||right|frame|Chalk and pencil sketch of Jack Sheppard in [[Newgate Prison]], attributed to Sir [[James Thornhill]], circa 1724.]]

In late April 1724, the most famous housebreaker of the era, [[Jack Sheppard]], was apprehended by one of Wild's men, James "Hell-and-Fury" Sykes, for a burglary Sheppard had committed in Clare Market on 5 February.<ref name="moore100">Moore, p. 100.</ref> Sheppard had worked with Wild in the past, though he had struck out on his own. Consequently, as with other arrests, Wild's interests in saving the public from Sheppard were personal.

Sheppard was imprisoned in [[St Giles's Roundhouse]], but escaped within three hours.<ref name="moore104">Moore, p. 104.</ref> On 19 May, Wild again had Sheppard arrested for pickpocketing, and this time he was put in St. Ann's Roundhouse in [[Soho]], where he was visited by Elizabeth "Edgworth Bess" Lyon the next day; she too was locked up with him, and, being recognised as man and wife, they were sent to the [[New Prison]] at [[Clerkenwell]]. They both escaped on 25 May.<ref name="moore105">Moore, p. 105</ref> In July, Field informed Wild about Sheppard, so Wild sought for Lyon on 22 July and plied her with drinks at [[Temple Bar, London|Temple Bar]] until she betrayed Sheppard.<ref name="moore111">Moore, p. 111.</ref>

The following day, Wild sent another one of his men, [[Quilt Arnold]], and had Sheppard arrested a third time and put into [[Newgate Prison]] to await trial.<ref name="moore112">Moore, p. 112.</ref> On 13 August he was tried on three charges of burglary, but was acquitted of the first two due to lack of evidence. However, Wild, along with Field and William Kneebone, Sheppard's former master, presented evidence against him on the final charge of the burglary of Kneebone's house on 12 July; and Sheppard was convicted, sentenced to death, and put in the condemned hold of [[Newgate Prison]].<ref>{{
|defendant = Joseph Sheppard
|id = t17240812-52
|trialdate = 12 August 1724
|accessdate = 2012-08-07
}}. Note that Sheppard's name is incorrectly recorded as Joseph Sheppard.</ref>

On the night that the death warrant arrived, 31 August, Sheppard, once again, escaped. By this point, Sheppard was a working class hero for apprentices (being a [[cockney]] apprentice in love, non-violent, and handsome). On 9 September, Sheppard avoided capture by Wild's men, but he was caught for a fourth time by a posse from Newgate as he hid out on [[Finchley Common]],<ref name="moore209">Moore, p. 209.</ref> and Sheppard was placed in the most secure room of Newgate. Further, Sheppard was put in shackles ''and'' chained to the floor.

Meanwhile, on 9 October, Wild and his men arrested [[Joseph Blake (criminal)|Joseph "Blueskin" Blake]], a highwayman and Sheppard's partner-in-crime.<ref name="moore158">Moore, p. 158.</ref> On 15 October Blueskin was tried for the same act of burglary committed on 12 July, with Wild, Field, and his men giving evidence. Their accounts were not consistent with the evidence given at Sheppard's trial, but Blueskin was convicted and sentenced to death anyway.<ref>{{
|defendant = Joseph Blake
|id = t17241014-43
|trialdate = 14 October 1724
|accessdate = 2012-08-07
}}</ref> After the trial, Blueskin pleaded with Wild in the courtroom to have his sentence commuted from hanging to transportation (since he had worked with Wild before), but Wild refused. Enraged, Blueskin attempted to murder Wild, slashing his throat in the process and causing an uproar, and Wild collapsed and was taken to a surgeon for treatment.<ref name="moore159">Moore, p. 159.</ref>

Taking advantage of the disturbance that spread to Newgate next door and continued into the night, Sheppard escaped yet again in early 16 October.<ref name="moore161">Moore, p. 161.</ref> Sheppard had broken the chains, padlocks, and six iron-barred doors. This escape astonished everyone, and [[Daniel Defoe]], working as a journalist, wrote an account. In the early morning on 1 November, Sheppard was found for a fifth and final time by a constable and arrested.<ref>''The London Journal'', 7 November 1724. Mullan, p. 186.</ref> This time, Sheppard was placed in the centre of Newgate, where he could be observed at all times, and loaded with three hundred pounds of iron weights. He was so celebrated that the gaolers charged high society visitors to see him, and [[James Thornhill]] painted his portrait.

On 11 November, Blueskin was hanged.<ref>''The Daily Journal'', 12 November 1724. Moore, p. 170.</ref> Five days later Sheppard was similarly executed at [[Tyburn, London|Tyburn]]. Wild missed out on the execution while he was confined to his bed for several weeks and his throat was recovering.<ref name="moore233">Moore, p. 233.</ref>

During the pursuit of Sheppard, Wild appeared as much to disadvantage in the press as Sheppard did to advantage. Wild was now despised. When, after his recovery, Wild used violence to perform a jail break for one of his gang members, he was being sought out and went into hiding for several weeks, and returned to business when he thought the affair had blown over. On 6 February 1725, he was summoned to Leicester house, where he failed to recover a gold watch for one of his attendants because of the jail break and the incident with Blueskin at the Old Bailey.<ref name="moore238">Moore, p. 238.</ref>

[[Requires Confirmation:]] It has been reported that Wild had numerous caches of treasure secreted around London at the time of his death, and that many years later people would unexpectedly discover one of these caches, i.e., in the process of tearing down or rebuilding a house et. al.

==Arrest, trial and execution==
[[Image:Ticket to the hanging of Jonathan Wild.jpg|thumb|left|280px|A gallows ticket to view the hanging of Jonathan Wild.]]

On 15 February Wild and [[Quilt Arnold]] were arrested for helping one of his men in a jailbreak.<ref name="moore239">Moore, p. 239.</ref> Wild was placed in Newgate, where he continued to attempt to run his business. In the illustration from the ''True Effigy'' (top of page), Wild is pictured in Newgate, still with notebook in hand to account for goods coming in and going out of his office. Evidence was presented against Wild for the violent jailbreak and for having stolen jewels during the previous August's installation of [[Order of the Garter|Knights of the Garter]].

The public's mood had shifted; they supported the average man and resented authority figures. Wild's trial occurred at the same time as that of the [[Lord Chancellor]], Lord [[Thomas Parker, 1st Earl of Macclesfield]], for taking £100,000 in bribes. With the changing tide, it appeared at last to Wild's gang that their leader would not escape, and they began to come forward. Slowly, gang members began to turn evidence on him, until all of his activities, including his grand scheme of running and then hanging thieves, became known. Additionally, evidence was offered as to Wild's frequent bribery of public officers.

Wild's final trial occurred at the Old Bailey on 15 May.<ref name="moore246">Moore, p. 246.</ref> He was tried on two indictments of privately stealing {{convert|50|yd|m}} of lace from Catherine Statham (a lace-seller who had visited him in prison on 10 March) at Holborn on 22 January. He was acquitted of the first charge, but with Statham's evidence presented against him on the second charge, he was convicted and sentenced to death.<ref>{{
|defendant = Jonathan Wilde
|id = t17250513-55
|trialdate = 13 May 1725
|accessdate = 2012-08-07
}}</ref> Terrified, Wild asked for a reprieve but was refused. He could not eat or go to church, and suffered from insanity and gout.<ref name="moore251">Moore, p. 251.</ref> On the morning of his execution, in fear of death, he attempted suicide by drinking a large dose of laudanum, but because he was weakened by fasting, he vomited violently and sank into a coma that he would not awaken from.<ref name="moore252">Moore, p. 252.</ref>

When Wild was taken to the gallows at [[Tyburn, London|Tyburn]] on 24 May 1725, Daniel Defoe said that the crowd was far larger than any they had seen before and that, instead of any celebration or commiseration with the condemned,

{{quote |<poem>"wherever he came, there was nothing but hollowing and huzzas,
as if it had been upon a triumph."<ref>''Mist's Weekly Journal'', 29 May 1725. Moore, p. 254.</ref></poem>}}

Wild's hanging was a great event, and tickets were sold in advance for the best vantage points (see the reproduction of the gallows ticket). Even in a year with a great many macabre spectacles, Wild drew an especially large and boisterous crowd. Eighteen-year-old [[Henry Fielding]] was in attendance. Wild was accompanied by William Sperry and the two Roberts Sanford and Harpham, three of the four prisoners who had been condemned to die with Wild a few days before.<ref>[http://www.oldbaileyonline.org/browse.jsp?div=s17250513-1 End results] of the proceedings of the Old Bailey on 13 May 1725. Retrieved on 7 August 2012.</ref> Because he was heavily drugged, he was the last to die after the three of them, without any difficulty that had happened at Sheppard's execution.<ref name="moore256">Moore, p. 256.</ref> The hangman, [[List of executioners|Richard Arnet]], had been a guest at Wild's wedding.<ref>Howson (1985) pp.132,276</ref>

In the dead of night, Wild's body was buried in secret at the churchyard of [[St Pancras Old Church]] next to Elizabeth Mann, his third wife and one of his many lovers (who had died in about 1718), as he had wished.<ref name="moore260">Moore, p. 260.</ref><ref>[http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GScid=658411&GRid=10353456& Jonathan Wild's memorial page on Find A Grave]. Retrieved on 30 September 2007.</ref><ref name="moore155">Moore, p. 155.</ref> His burial was only temporary. In the 18th century, autopsies and dissections were performed on the most notorious criminals, and consequently Wild's body was exhumed and sold to the [[Royal College of Surgeons of England|Royal College of Surgeons]] for dissection. His skeleton remains on public display in the Royal College's [[Royal College of Surgeons of England|Hunterian Museum]] in [[Lincoln's Inn Fields]].

==Literary treatments==
Jonathan Wild is famous today not so much for setting the example for organised crime as for the uses satirists made of his story.

When Wild was hanged, the papers were filled with accounts of his life, collections of his sayings, farewell speeches and the like. [[Daniel Defoe]] wrote one narrative for ''Applebee's Journal'' in May and then had published ''True and Genuine Account of the Life and Actions of the Late Jonathan Wild'' in June 1725. This work competed with another that claimed to have excerpts from Wild's diaries. The illustration above is from the frontispiece to the "True Effigy of Mr. Jonathan Wild," a companion piece to one of the pamphlets purporting to offer the thief-taker's biography.

Criminal biography was a genre. These works offered a touching account of need, a fall from innocence, sex, violence and then repentance or a tearful end. Public fascination with the dark side of human nature and with the causes of evil, has never waned and the market for mass-produced accounts was large.

By 1701, there had been a ''Lives of the Gamesters'' (often appended to [[Charles Cotton]]'s ''The Compleat Gamester''), about notorious gamblers. In 1714 Captain Alexander Smith had written the best-selling ''Complete Lives of the Most Notorious Highwaymen''. Defoe himself was no stranger to this market: his ''[[Moll Flanders]]'' was published in 1722. By 1725, Defoe had written a ''History'' and a ''Narrative'' of the life of [[Jack Sheppard]] (see above). ''Moll Flanders'' may be based on the life of one [[Moll King]], who lived with Mary Mollineaux/Milliner, Wild's first mistress.

What differs about the case of Jonathan Wild is that it was not simply a crime story. Parallels between Wild and [[Robert Walpole]] were instantly drawn, especially by the [[Tory]] authors of the day. ''Mist's Weekly Journal'' (one of the more rough-speaking Tory journals) drew a parallel between the figures in May 1725, when the hanging was still in the news.

The parallel is most important for [[John Gay]]'s ''[[The Beggar's Opera]]'' in 1728. The main story of the ''Beggar's Opera'' focuses on the episodes between Wild and Sheppard. In the opera, the character of Peachum stands in for Wild (who stands in for Walpole), while the figure of Macheath stands in for Sheppard (who stands in for Wild and/or the chief officers of the [[South Sea Company]]). Robert Walpole himself saw and enjoyed ''Beggar's Opera'' without realising that he was its intended target. Once he did realise it, he banned the sequel opera, ''Polly'', without staging. This prompted Gay to write to a friend, "For writing in the cause of virtue and against the fashionable vices, I have become the most hated man in England almost."

In 1742, Robert Walpole lost his position of power in the [[British House of Commons]]. He was created a peer and moved to the [[House of Lords]], from where he still directed the [[British Whig Party|Whig]] majority in Commons for years. In 1743, [[Henry Fielding]]'s ''The Life and Death of Jonathan Wild, the Great'' appeared in the third volume of ''Miscellanies''.

Fielding is merciless in his attack on Walpole. In his work, Wild stands in for Walpole directly, and, in particular, he invokes the Walpolean language of the "Great Man". Walpole had come to be described by both the Whig and then, satirically, by the Tory political writers as the "Great Man", and Fielding has his Wild constantly striving, with stupid violence, to be "Great". "Greatness," according to Fielding, is only attained by mounting to the top stair (of the gallows). Fielding's satire also consistently attacks the Whig party by having Wild choose, among all the thieves [[cant (language)|cant]] terms (several lexicons of which were printed with the ''Lives'' of Wild in 1725), "[[Wiktionary:prig|prig]]" to refer to the profession of burglary. Fielding suggests that Wild becoming a Great Prig was the same as Walpole becoming a Great Whig: theft and the Whig party were never so directly linked.

The figures of Peachum and Macheath were picked up by [[Bertolt Brecht]] for his updating of Gay's opera as ''[[The Threepenny Opera]]''. The Sheppard character, Macheath, is the "hero" of the song ''[[Mack the Knife]]''.

In Sir [[Arthur Conan Doyle]]'s [[Sherlock Holmes]] novel, [[The Valley of Fear]], the arch-villain [[Professor Moriarty]] is referred to as a latter-day Jonathan Wild by Holmes:<ref>[http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/3289] The Valley of Fear, via Project Gutemburg</ref>

{{quote |"Everything comes in circles—even Professor Moriarty. Jonathan Wild was the hidden force of the London criminals, to whom he sold his brains and his organization on a fifteen per cent. commission. The old wheel turns, and the same spoke comes up."}}

In 1969, James Clavell's screenplay for the film "Where's Jack?" told the story of Jack Shepherd (played in the film by the pop singer Tommy Steele) with Wild (played by Stanley Baker) as a suave and sinister criminal mastermind.

Songwriter Jimmy Webb describes Wild's life and subsequent hanging in the 1977 song "[[Highwayman (song)|Highwayman]]". A 1985 recording by the country music supergroup [[The Highwaymen]] entered the [[Hot Country Songs]] [[Billboard (magazine)|''Billboard'']] [[Billboard charts|chart]] on May 18, 1985, rising to number 1, and spending 20 weeks total on the chart.<ref>[http://www.billboard.com/charts/1985-09-28/country-songs "Highwayman"]. - [[Hot Country Songs]]. - [[Billboard (magazine)|''Billboard'']]. - billboard.com.</ref> The first verse refers to Wild:
{{quote |" I was a highwayman/ Along the coach roads I did ride/ With sword and pistol by my side/ Many a young maid lost her baubles to my trade/ Many a soldier shed his lifeblood on my blade/ The bastards hung me in the spring of twenty-five but I am still alive"<ref>{{cite web|last1=Webb|first1=Jimmy|title=Highwayman|url=http://www.metrolyrics.com/highwayman-lyrics-the-highwaymen.html|website=Metro Lyrics|publisher=White Oak Songs (ASCAP)|accessdate=3 July 2014}}</ref>}}

In 2000, Jonathan Wild appeared as a character in the [[David Liss]] novel ''[[A Conspiracy of Paper]]'', ISBN 0-8041-1912-0. Jonathan Wild is also the title character in the 2005–2006 ''[[The Phantom|Phantom]]'' stories "Jonathan Wild: King of Thieves" and "Jonathan Wild: Double Cross".

==See also==
*[[Liberty of the Mint]] for more background on "anomalous districts" of lawlessness.

==Notes==
{{reflist|2}}

==Bibliography==
There are a few treatments of Wild that attempt to dramatise his life, but there remains only one full length non-fiction biography on Wild:
*Howson, Gerald. ''Thief-Taker General: Jonathan Wild and the Emergence of Crime and Corruption as a Way of Life in Eighteenth-Century England.'' New Brunswick, NJ and Oxford, UK: 1970. ISBN 0-88738-032-8

'''Other 20th century sources'''
*Brief discussions of Jonathan Wild may be found in editions of the ''Beggar's Opera'', the ''Works of John Gay'', the ''Works of Henry Fielding'', editions of Fielding's ''[[The Life and Death of Jonathan Wild, the Great|Jonathan Wild]]'', the ''Works of Daniel Defoe'', and biographies of Defoe, such as the one by Paula Backschieder. All of these are prefatory and explanatory material. Most of these derive either from the ''Dictionary of National Biography'' or from Gerald Howson.
*Lyons, Frederick J. ''Jonathan Wild, Prince of Robbers''. 1936.
*Moore, Lucy. ''The Thieves' Opera''. 1997.
*Woodhall, Edwin T. ''Jonathan Wild, Old Time Ace Receiver''. 1937.
*Hendrickson, Robert ''Encyclopedia of Word and Phrase Origins''. 1997.
*Mullan, John, and Christopher Reid. ''Eighteenth-Century Popular Culture: A Selection.'' Oxford University Press, 2000. ISBN 0-19-871134-4.
*{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Wild, Jonathan|short=x}}
*{{Cite Americana|wstitle=Wild, Jonathan}}

'''18th century sources'''
*''An Authentic Narrative of the Parentage, Birth, Education and Practices of Jonathan Wild, Citizen and Thief Taker of London'', broadsheet, 1725.
*''Jonathan Wild's Last Farewell to the World''. Anonymous ballad.
*"H.D., Clerk of Justice." ''The Life of Jonathan Wild, from his Birth to his Death.'' 1725. (Possibly by Daniel Defoe.)
*Defoe, Daniel ? ''A True & Genuine Account of the Life and Actions of the late Jonathan Wild, Not made up of Fictions and Fable, but taken from his Own Mouth and collected from PAPERS of his Own Writing''. June, 1725.
*Defoe, Daniel. ''A True & Genuine Account of the Life and Death of the Late Jonathan Wild.'' 1725. (Reprinted in various editions of Defoe's works and some editions of Henry Fielding's ''[[The Life and Death of Jonathan Wild, the Great|Jonathan Wild]].'')
*Smith, Captain Alexander. ''The Memoirs of the Life & Times of the famous Jonathan Wild, together with the History & Lives of Modern Rogues.'' 1726.

==External links==
*[http://tarlton.law.utexas.edu/lpop/etext/newgate3/wild.htm Account of Wild's trial from ''The Complete Newgate Calendar'' via U. Texas]
*[http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/gutbook/lookup?num=5256 Project Gutenberg edition of Fielding's ''Life of Jonathan Wild the Great'']
*[http://www.bartleby.com/220/0210.html Cambridge Literary History discussion of Fielding's treatment of Wild]
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/05/health_surgical_history/html/2.stm Wild's skeleton] ([[BBC]], 11 February 2005)
*[http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GScid=658411&GRid=10353456& Jonathan Wild's memorial page on Find A Grave]
*[http://rictornorton.co.uk/grubstreet/sheppard.htm "Jack Sheppard, Jail-Breaker"] from ''Early Eighteenth-Century Newspaper Reports: A Sourcebook''. Retrieved on 19 January 2014.

{{Authority control|VIAF=35698000}}


{{Persondata
|NAME = Wild, Jonathan
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
|SHORT DESCRIPTION = 18th century English criminal
|DATE OF BIRTH = 1682/3
|PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Wolverhampton]], [[Staffordshire]], [[England]]
|DATE OF DEATH = 24 May 1725
|PLACE OF DEATH = [[Tyburn, London|Tyburn]], [[London]], England
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Wild, Jonathan}}
[[Category:1682 births]]
[[Category:1725 deaths]]
[[Category:1714 crimes]]
[[Category:Crime in London]]
[[Category:English mobsters]]
[[Category:People from Wolverhampton]]
[[Category:18th-century executions by Great Britain]]
[[Category:People from the West Midlands (county) executed by hanging]]
[[Category:People executed for theft]]
[[Category:People executed by England and Wales by hanging]]
[[Category:Burials at St Pancras Old Church]]
[[Category:People executed at Tyburn]]

{{Link GA|no}}
{{Link GA|sv}}
{{Link FA|de}}

Prime rate

2014-08-13T20:15:53Z

192.75.165.28: /* Uses */

{{globalize|date=December 2010}}

'''Prime rate''' or '''prime lending rate''' is a term applied in many countries to reference an [[interest rate]] used by banks. The term originally indicated the rate of interest at which banks lent to favored customers, ''i.e.'', those with good credit, though this is no longer always the case. Some variable interest rates may be expressed as a percentage above or below prime rate.

==Use in different banking systems==

===United States and Canada===
{{main article|U.S. prime rate}}
Historically, in North American [[banking]], the prime rate was the actual interest rate, although this is no longer the case. The prime rate varies little among banks and adjustments are generally made by banks at the same time, although this does not happen with frequency. The prime rate is currently 3.25% in the [[United States]]<ref>According to data published by [http://online.wsj.com/mdc/public/page/2_3020-moneyrate.html The Wall Street Journal Online] and the [[Federal Reserve Board of Governors]]. {{cite web| url=http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h15/data/Monthly/H15_PRIME_NA.txt| title=Federal Reserve Statistical Data| publisher=Federal Reserve}}</ref> and 3.00% in Canada.<ref>According to data published by [[Bank of Canada]]. {{cite web| url=http://www.bankofcanada.ca/en/rates/digest.html| title=Daily Digest- Rates and Statistics- Bank of Canada| publisher=Bank of Canada}}</ref>

[[Image:Federal funds effective rate 1954 to present.svg|thumb|Historical chart of the effective Federal Funds Rate]]

In the U.S., the prime rate runs approximately 300 [[basis point]]s (or 3 percentage points) above the [[federal funds rate]], which is the interest rate that banks charge each other for overnight loans made to fulfill reserve funding requirements. The Federal funds rate plus a much smaller increment is frequently used for lending to the most creditworthy borrowers, as is LIBOR, the [[London Interbank Offered Rate]]. The [[Federal Open Market Committee]] (FOMC) meets eight times per year to set a target for the federal funds rate.

Prior to December 17, 2008, the Wall Street Journal followed a policy of changing its published prime rate when 23 out of 30 of the United States' largest banks changed their prime rates. Recognizing that fewer, larger banks now control most banking assets, the Journal now publishes a rate reflecting the base rate posted by at least 70% of the top ten banks by assets.

==Uses==
The prime rate is used often as an index in calculating rate changes to adjustable rate mortgages (ARM) and other [[variable rate]] short term loans. It is used in the calculation of some private [[student loans]]. Many [[credit card]]s and [[home equity line of credit|home equity lines of credit]] with variable interest rates have their rate specified as the prime rate (index) plus a fixed value commonly called the spread or margin.
me

hey Al, Send me a Dragon.

==See also==
* [[FRED (Federal Reserve Economic Data)]]

== References ==
<references/>

==External links==
*[http://online.wsj.com/mdc/public/page/2_3020-moneyrate.html International Prime Rates published by The Wall Street Journal Online]
*[http://www.hsh.com/indices/prime00s.html HSH Associates, Financial Publishers]
*[http://www.moneycafe.com/personal-finance/prime-rate/ Current Rate, Definition & Historical Graph]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Prime Rate}}
[[Category:Banking]]
[[Category:Financial economics]]
[[Category:Economics terminology]]
[[Category:Interest rates]]
[[Category:Federal Reserve]]

[[it:Prime rate]]

Prime rate

2014-08-13T20:11:12Z

192.75.165.28: /* Uses */

{{globalize|date=December 2010}}

'''Prime rate''' or '''prime lending rate''' is a term applied in many countries to reference an [[interest rate]] used by banks. The term originally indicated the rate of interest at which banks lent to favored customers, ''i.e.'', those with good credit, though this is no longer always the case. Some variable interest rates may be expressed as a percentage above or below prime rate.

==Use in different banking systems==

===United States and Canada===
{{main article|U.S. prime rate}}
Historically, in North American [[banking]], the prime rate was the actual interest rate, although this is no longer the case. The prime rate varies little among banks and adjustments are generally made by banks at the same time, although this does not happen with frequency. The prime rate is currently 3.25% in the [[United States]]<ref>According to data published by [http://online.wsj.com/mdc/public/page/2_3020-moneyrate.html The Wall Street Journal Online] and the [[Federal Reserve Board of Governors]]. {{cite web| url=http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h15/data/Monthly/H15_PRIME_NA.txt| title=Federal Reserve Statistical Data| publisher=Federal Reserve}}</ref> and 3.00% in Canada.<ref>According to data published by [[Bank of Canada]]. {{cite web| url=http://www.bankofcanada.ca/en/rates/digest.html| title=Daily Digest- Rates and Statistics- Bank of Canada| publisher=Bank of Canada}}</ref>

[[Image:Federal funds effective rate 1954 to present.svg|thumb|Historical chart of the effective Federal Funds Rate]]

In the U.S., the prime rate runs approximately 300 [[basis point]]s (or 3 percentage points) above the [[federal funds rate]], which is the interest rate that banks charge each other for overnight loans made to fulfill reserve funding requirements. The Federal funds rate plus a much smaller increment is frequently used for lending to the most creditworthy borrowers, as is LIBOR, the [[London Interbank Offered Rate]]. The [[Federal Open Market Committee]] (FOMC) meets eight times per year to set a target for the federal funds rate.

Prior to December 17, 2008, the Wall Street Journal followed a policy of changing its published prime rate when 23 out of 30 of the United States' largest banks changed their prime rates. Recognizing that fewer, larger banks now control most banking assets, the Journal now publishes a rate reflecting the base rate posted by at least 70% of the top ten banks by assets.

==Uses==
The prime rate is used often as an index in calculating rate changes to adjustable rate mortgages (ARM) and other [[variable rate]] short term loans. It is used in the calculation of some private [[student loans]]. Many [[credit card]]s and [[home equity line of credit|home equity lines of credit]] with variable interest rates have their rate specified as the prime rate (index) plus a fixed value commonly called the spread or margin.
me

==See also==
* [[FRED (Federal Reserve Economic Data)]]

== References ==
<references/>

==External links==
*[http://online.wsj.com/mdc/public/page/2_3020-moneyrate.html International Prime Rates published by The Wall Street Journal Online]
*[http://www.hsh.com/indices/prime00s.html HSH Associates, Financial Publishers]
*[http://www.moneycafe.com/personal-finance/prime-rate/ Current Rate, Definition & Historical Graph]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Prime Rate}}
[[Category:Banking]]
[[Category:Financial economics]]
[[Category:Economics terminology]]
[[Category:Interest rates]]
[[Category:Federal Reserve]]

[[it:Prime rate]]

Irakli Dzneladze

2014-05-20T18:26:33Z

192.75.165.28:

{{Infobox military person
|name= Irakli Dzneladze
|birth_date= {{birth date and age|1960|5|10}}
|image=
|caption=
|nickname=
|allegiance={{flag|Georgia}}
|rank= [[Colonel]]
|branch= [[Georgian Army]]
|commands=[[Military of Georgia (country)|Georgian Armed Forces]]
|unit=
|battles=
|awards=
|laterwork=
}}

'''Irakli Dzneladze''' ({{lang-ka|ირაკლი ძნელაძე}}) (born May 10, 1968) is a [[Georgia (country)|Georgian]] colonel and the Chief of Joint Staff of the [[Georgian Armed Forces]] from December 4, 2012, to November 22, 2013.

==Education==
Dzneladze graduated from the [[Georgian Technical University]] with a degree in Machine Building Industry in 1992 and from the Joint Military Academy of Defense Ministry of Georgia in 1999. He received further military training in [[Germany]] in 1998 and 2000 and in the [[United States]] in 2009.<ref name="MoD">[http://mod.gov.ge/en/ArmedForces/JointStuff/Chief/ Irakli Dzneladze]. Ministry of Defense of Georgia. Accessed December 8, 2012.</ref> He received his PhD in 2014 and is an INPP4B specialist. He generated LS14s while sleeping once. He is currently pursuing post-doctoral studies in the Salmena Lab under the supervision of Mark Sharobim.

==Career==
Dzneladze has been employed at various departments of the [[Ministry of Defense (Georgia)|Ministry of Defense of Georgia]] since 1993. He has also worked at the J-3 Operative Planning Department and Land Forces Command for various periods of time. Dzneladze was appointed Chief of J-2 Intelligence Department of the Joint Staff in November 2011 and moved to the position of [[military attaché]] to [[Ukraine]], [[Moldova]], and [[Belarus]] in May 2012.<ref name="MoD"/><ref>[http://dfwatch.net/georgia-gets-a-new-chair-of-the-joint-staff-59324 Georgia gets a new Chair of the Joint Staff]. Democracy & Freedom Watch. December 4, 2012. Accessed December 8, 2012.</ref>

==Chief of Joint Staff==
Dzneladze was appointed as the Chief of Joint Staff of the Georgian Armed Forces on December 4, 2012. His appointment was the result of agreement between [[President of Georgia]] [[Mikheil Saakashvili]] and Minister of Defense [[Irakli Alasania]], who then represented opposing political parties since the defeat of Saakashvili's [[United National Movement]] in favor of [[Bidzina Ivanishvili]]'s [[Georgian Dream]] coalition, of which Alasania was a member, in the [[Georgian parliamentary election, 2012|2012 parliamentary election]]. The appointment was preceded by a controversy over Dzneladze's predecessor Brigadier General [[Giorgi Kalandadze]], who was briefly arrested and subsequently stripped of his office by the court in November 2012.<ref>[http://civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=25518 Saakashvili Presents New Chief of Army Staff]. [[Civil Georgia]]. December 5, 2012. Accessed December 8, 2012.</ref><ref>[http://www.eurasianet.org/node/66252 Georgia: Can Tbilisi Keep Politics Out of Military?]. EurasiaNet. December 4, 2012. Accessed December 8, 2012.</ref> He was succeeded as Chief of General Staff by General [[Vakhtang Kapanadze]] on November 22, 2013.<ref>[http://civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=26713 New Army Chief of Staff Appointed]. Civil Georgia. November 22, 2013.</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-mil}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Giorgi Kalandadze]]}}
{{s-ttl|title= Chief of Joint Staff of the [[Georgian Armed Forces]] |years=2012 – 2013}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Vakhtang Kapanadze]]}}
|-
{{s-end}}

{{Persondata
| NAME = Dzneladze, Irakli
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH = May 10, 1968
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dzneladze, Irakli}}
[[Category:1968 births]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Georgia (country)]]
[[Category:Living people]]

O-o-h Child

2014-05-06T14:04:49Z

192.75.165.28:

{{unreferenced|date=November 2012}}
{{Infobox single 
| Name = O-o-h Child
| Cover =
| Border =
| Caption =
| Type = Single
| Artist = [[Five Stairsteps]]
| alt Artist =
| from Album = Stairsteps
| Published =
| Released = 1970
| track_no =
| Recorded =
| Genre = [[Chicago soul]]
| Language =
| Length = 3:11
| Writer = Stan Vincent
| Composer = Stan Vincent
| Label = [[Buddah Records]]
| Producer = Stan Vincent

| Tracks =
| prev =
| prev_no =
| next =
| next_no =
| Misc =
| Audio sample? =
}}

"'''O-o-h Child'''" is a 1970 single recorded by [[Chicago soul]] family group the [[Five Stairsteps]] and released on the [[Buddah Records|Buddah]] label. Previously, the Five Stairsteps had had peripheral success recording in Chicago with [[Curtis Mayfield]]: when Mayfield's workload precluded his continuing to work with the group they were reassigned to [[Stan Vincent]], an in-house producer for Buddah Records, who had recently scored a Top Ten hit with the [[Lou Christie]] single "I'm Gonna Make You Mine". Vincent wrote the song for his son, Chuck. The Five Stairsteps' debut collaboration with Vincent was originally formatted with the group's rendition of "[[Dear Prudence]]" as the [[A-side and B-side|A-side]] with Vincent's original composition "O-o-h Child" as [[A-side and B-side|B-side]]: however "O-o-h Child" broke out in the key markets of Philadelphia and Detroit to rise as high as #8 on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] in the summer of 1970: the track's [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|R&B chart]] impact was more muted with a #14 peak although "O-o-h Child" is now regarded as a "soft soul" classic. The Five Stairsteps' only pop [[Top 40]] hit, "O-o-h Child" would be the group's last R&B top 40 hit (they had several top 40 R&B hits in the 1960s) until 1976's "From Us to You". Included on the band's ''The Stairsteps'' album from 1970, it has become the Stairsteps' [[signature song]] and has inspired more than twenty covers since its release. The song featured various members, including lone female member and eldest sister Alohe, brothers Keni, Dennis, James, and lead singer Clarence Burke, Jr. singing in various parts of the song.

The lyrics tell the listener that "things are gonna get easier" in times of strife. The song's uplifting message helped the song to become popular among pop and rhythm and blues audiences when it was released.

The song is ranked #402 on the ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' magazine's list of [[Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time|The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time]].

==Cover versions==
* [[The Spinners (American R&B group)|The Spinners]] covered the song on their 1970 album ''[[2nd Time Around (album)|2nd Time Around]]''
* [[Nina Simone]] covered the song on her 1971 album ''[[Here Comes the Sun (album)|Here Comes the Sun]]''
* [[Dusty Springfield]] covered the song in November 1971 for possible inclusion on ''[[See All Her Faces]]'' but her recording went unreleased for almost 30 years until its inclusion on the posthumous Atlantic/Rhino compilation ''Love Songs'', 16 January 2001. Producers: [[Johnny Franz]] and Dusty Springfield.
* The [[New Birth]]. covered the song on their 1971 Album, Ain't No Big Thing, But It's Growing
* The [[Edwin Hawkins]] Singers recorded this song for their 1973 release ''I'd Like To Teach the World To Sing'', also on the [[Buddah Records|Buddah]] label.
* [[Richie Havens]] covered the song on his 1974 album ''Mixed Bag II''.
* [[Valerie Carter]] covered the song for her 1977 release ''Just a Stone's Throw Away''.
* [[Mary Wilson (singer)|Mary Wilson]] from [[The Supremes]] covered the song in 1989, and released it as a single.
* [[Dino (singer)|Dino's]] version hit #27 on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1993.
* [[Beth Orton]] covered the song on her 2003 compilation album ''[[The Other Side of Daybreak]]'' as a soft, acoustic guitar version. The song was featured on the pilot episode "First Responders" of ''[[The Unit]]'', on an episode of ''[[Alias (TV series)|Alias]]'' entitled "Repercussions", on an episode of ''[[Life (NBC TV series)|Life]]'' entitled "Serious Control Issues" and on a ''[[CSI: NY]]'' episode entitled "Unusual Suspects".
* [[Molly Johnson]] recorded the [[medley (music)|medley]] "Ooh Child"/ "[[Redemption Song]]" for her 2002 album ''Another Day''.
* In its 2002 [[compact disc|CD]] release the 1971 album ''[[Gonna Take a Miracle]]'' by [[Laura Nyro]] was augmented by four live tracks from Nyro's May 30, 1971 concert at [[Fillmore East]] including "Ooh Child" with the entire concert being issued in 2004 as ''Spread Your Wings and Fly: Live at the Fillmore East''.
* [[Kelly Rowland]] recorded a live version of the song in [[Rotterdam]], the [[Netherlands]] which was released in 2003 on the ''[[Destiny's Child World Tour]]'' [[DVD]].
* [[Nancy Wilson (jazz singer)|Nancy Wilson]] and [[Ramsey Lewis]] remade the song for their 2003 collaborative album ''Simple Pleasures''.
* [[Hall & Oates]] covered the song on their 2004 album ''[[Our Kind of Soul]]''.
* [[Donnie McClurkin]] covered the song featuring [[Kirk Franklin]] on his 2004 album ''Psalms, Hymns and Spiritual Songs'' and his version was also on the soundtrack of the 2005 film ''[[The Gospel (film)|The Gospel]]'', starring [[Boris Kodjoe]].
* [[Trey Anastasio]] has covered this song live in concert numerous times including on ''[[Late Night with Jimmy Fallon]]'' on October 30, 2012.
* The song was covered by Raya Yarbrough and [[Bear McCreary]] in [[The Devil In the Dark]], Episode 3 Season 1, of the TV show [[Defiance (TV series)]]. The show was first aired April 29, 2013, and is contained on the accompanying soundtrack album to the series.<ref>http://www.bearmccreary.com/#blog/blog/albums/defiance-soundtrack-albums/</ref><ref>http://en.defiance-wiki.com/wiki/The_Devil_In_The_Dark</ref>
*The song was covered by Swiss [[nu-disco]] group [[Low Motion Disco]] on their 2008 album "Keep It Slow".

==In popular culture==
*In the 1979 film ''[[Over the Edge (film)|Over the Edge]]'', the closing scene (while the prison bus drives away) is underscored by the [[Valerie Carter]] version.
*"O-o-h Child" was featured prominently in a notable scene of the 1991 film ''[[Boyz n the Hood]]'', directed by [[Academy Award]] nominee [[John Singleton]].
*The song is played in the 1994 film ''[[Crooklyn]]'' when the main character Troy Carmichael attends the funeral of her mother with the entire family.
*In a 2005 Episode of TV series ''[[Judging Amy]]'' entitled "You Don't Know Me" (Season 6, Episode 12).
*In the film ''[[Bridge to Terabithia (2007 film)|Bridge to Terabithia]]'', music teacher Ms. Edmunds sings the song accompanied by her class.
*In December 10, 2007, "O-o-h Child" was used in ''[[How I Met Your Mother (TV series)|How I Met Your Mother]]'' in Season 3, episode 11, "[[The Platinum Rule (How I Met Your Mother)|The Platinum Rule]]".
*In 2011 a few lines of the song were sung in the US Sitcom [[Mike & Molly]] (Season 2 Episode 12).
*In December 5, 2011, "O-o-h Child" was covered in a cappella by ''[[Sing-Off]]'' Season 2 champion Committed and Season 3 Runner-Up Afro-Blue in the show's Sing-Off Christmas.
*In ''[[The Bernie Mac Show]]''
*In ''A Tree Grows in Springfield'', the sixth episode of [[The Simpsons (season 24)|season 24]] of ''[[The Simpsons]]''
*In "[[The Devil In the Dark]]", the third episode of season 1 of ''[[Defiance (TV series)|Defiance]]''
*In ''[[Grand Theft Auto V]]'' on The Lowdown 91.1 radio station.
*In the third episode of season 1 of the SyFy series ''Defiance'', originally aired April 29, 2013, the song underscores the final scenes.
*In March 9, 2014, "O-o-h Child" was used in ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' [[Saturday Night Live (season 39)|Season 39 episode 15]], wherein a [[GPS navigation device]] is interrupting [[Lena Dunham]] during a car sing-along of "O-o-h Child" by [[The Five Stairsteps]].<ref>http://www.hulu.com/watch/606105</ref>

==Sampled==
*The song's chorus is used in the 1993 [[Tupac Shakur|2Pac]] song "[[Keep Ya Head Up]]".
*[[R. Kelly]] sampled the song on the remix of the 1994 hit "[[Bump N' Grind]]".
*It is sampled in UK [[Grime (music)|Grime]] artist [[Shystie]]'s song "Somedayz" from the album "''[[Diamond in the Dirt]]''".
*[[Janet Jackson]] interpolated this song on her 2001 song "[[All for You (Janet Jackson album)|Truth]]".
* [[Joe (singer)|Joe]] used this in the intro of his 2001 song "[[Better Days (Joe album)|Better Days]]".
*It is sampled in UK [[Grime (music)|Grime]] artist [[Bashy]]'s 2007 song "Black Boys".
*[[Hi-Rez]] interpolated this song on his 2011 song "[[Early Release (Hi-Rez mixtape)|Ooh Child]]".

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
*[http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/the-500-greatest-songs-of-all-time-20110407/the-five-stairsteps-o-o-h-child-20110526 The Five Stairsteps, 'O-o-h Child' - 500 GREATEST SONGS OF ALL TIME]
*[http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0079688/soundtrack Over the Edge - Soundtrack]
* {{MetroLyrics song|the-five-stairsteps|ooh-child}}

[[Category:1970 singles]]
[[Category:Soul songs]]
[[Category:Five Stairsteps songs]]
[[Category:Nina Simone songs]]
[[Category:Hall & Oates songs]]

Lost Episode Festival Toronto

2014-04-23T17:50:38Z

192.75.165.28:

{{AFC submission|d|nn|declinets=20140316202542|decliner=Kvng|ts=20140208193513|u=Katie.anne.mcdonald|ns=5}}
{{afc comment|1=No [[WP:RELIABLE]] sources. Most blogs are not considered reliable. ~[[user talk:Kvng|KvnG]] 20:25, 16 March 2014 (UTC)}}

----

{{Infobox Film Festival
| name = Lost Episode Festival Toronto (LEFT)
| image = Lost Episode Fest Logo.jpg|thumb|250px|Festival Logo
| caption =
| number =
| location = [[Toronto, Canada]]
| language = International
| website = http://www.lostepisodefest.com
}}
'''Lost Episode Festival Toronto''' ('''LEFT''') is a publicly attended [[film festival]] showcasing [[Horror film|horror]], [[sci-fi]], [[Action film|action]], [[television]], [[Cult film|cult cinema]], and [[indie film]] held annually in Toronto, Canada at the Bloor Cinema. The festival screens a variety of feature-length and short-films as well as parody commercials and movie trailers from around the world including North America, Australia, and Europe. The festival also hosts a time based film challenge where filmmakers are given just over two days to create a short film from concept to completion using provided elements such as: a prop, a line of dialogue, and a character.

== Past Festivals ==

=== 2013 ===

The '''inaugural''' festival was held June 1-2, 2013, at the [[Bloor Cinema]] in [[Toronto, Ontario|Toronto]], [[Canada]]. The festival showcased 1 feature presentation and 13 short films from around the world. Some of the films screened at the festival included the exclusive Canadian premiere of Star Trek Continues, as well as BioCop by cult producers [[Astron-6]].

=== 2014 ===

The '''2nd''' annual event sees the Lost Episode Festival Toronto return July 5-6, 2014. The official film lineup is scheduled for release in June.

== See also ==

=== Other genre film festivals ===

* [[Fantasia Festival]]

== References ==

*[http://www.imdb.com/news/ni53801966/ "Hey Toronto! Win Free Passes For The Lost Episode Fest!" (IMDb)]
*[http://events.miamiherald.com/toronto_on/events/show/328698643-lost-episode-festival "Miami Herald Events" (Miami Herald)]
*[http://film.britishcouncil.org/lost-episode-festival-toronto--left "British Council Film Events" (British Council)]
*[http://nowtoronto.com/contests/contest.cfm?contest_id=1856 "NOW Contests: Lost Episode Festival Toronto" (NOW Magazine)]
*[http://www.blogto.com/film/2013/05/new_film_fest_combines_cult_classics_cheap_date_night/ "New film fest combines cult classics & cheap date night" (blogTO)]
*[http://www.blog.filmarmy.ca/2013/05/movie-lovers-dont-be-left-out/ "MOVIE LOVERS! DON’T BE LEFT OUT!" (filmarmy)]
*[http://www.blogut.ca/2013/05/15/the-lost-episode-festival-toronto/ "The Lost Episode Festival Toronto" (BlogUT)]
*[http://www.torontoscreenshots.com/2013/05/31/inaugural-lost-episode-festival-toronto-weekend/ "Inaugural Lost Episode Festival Toronto This Weekend" (Toronto Screen Shots)]

== External links ==

*{{Official website|http://www.lostepisodefest.com}}
*{{Facebook|lostepisodefest}}
*{{twitter|LostEpisodeFest}}

[[:Category:Film festivals in Ontario]]
[[:Category:Festivals in Toronto]]
[[:Category:Fantastic film festivals]]
[[:Category:International film festivals]]
[[:Category:Horror film festivals]]


{{AFC submission|||ts=20140318143522|u=Katie.anne.mcdonald|ns=5}}


{{AFC submission|||ts=20140423175036|u=192.75.165.28|ns=5}}

Hockey Hall of Fame

2014-04-04T18:21:30Z

192.75.165.28: /* Operations and organization */

{{Infobox| bodystyle = class="infobox" style="width:22em; font-size:90%;"
| above = Hockey Hall of Fame
| abovestyle = background-color: #005AAB
| subheader =
| image1 = [[File:Hockey Hall of Fame Logo.svg|170px]]
| caption1 = Hockey Hall of Fame logo
| headerstyle = background-color: #005AAB
| header1 =
| label2 = '''Established'''
| data2 = 1943
| label3 = '''Location'''
| data3 = [[Yonge Street|30 Yonge Street]] [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/gi00.shtml|title=Visitor Information|accessdate=2007-12-26|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref>
| label4 = '''Founder'''
| data4 = [[James T. Sutherland]]
| label5 = '''Inductees'''
| data5 = 259 players 101 builders 15 on-ice officials [[List of members of the Hockey Hall of Fame|375]] total
| header20 =
| header30 =
| header40 =
| header50 =
| below =
}}

The '''Hockey Hall of Fame''' is located in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]], Canada. Dedicated to the [[history of ice hockey|history]] of [[ice hockey]], it is both a museum and a [[hall of fame]]. It holds exhibits about players, teams, [[National Hockey League]] (NHL) records, memorabilia and [[National Hockey League awards|NHL trophies]], including the [[Stanley Cup]]. Originally founded in [[Kingston, Ontario]], the Hockey Hall of Fame was first established in 1943 under the leadership of [[James T. Sutherland]]. The first class of honoured members was inducted in 1945, before the Hall of Fame had a permanent location. It moved to Toronto in 1958 after the NHL withdrew its support for the [[International Hockey Hall of Fame]] in Kingston, Ontario. Its first permanent building opened at [[Exhibition Place]] in 1961. In 1993, the Hall was relocated to a former [[Bank of Montreal]] building in [[Downtown Toronto]], where it is now located.

An 18-person committee of players, coaches and others meets annually in June to select new honourees, who are inducted as players, [[List of members of the Hockey Hall of Fame#Builders|builders]] or on-ice officials. In 2010, a subcategory was established for female players. The builders' category includes [[Coach (ice hockey)|coach]]es, [[List of National Hockey League General Managers|general manager]]s, commentators, team owners and others who have helped build the game. Honoured members are inducted into the Hall of Fame in an annual ceremony held at the Hall of Fame building in November, which is followed by a special "Hockey Hall of Fame Game" between the [[Toronto Maple Leafs]] and a visiting team. As of 2013, 259 players (including three women), 101 builders and 15 [[Official (ice hockey)|on-ice officials]] have been inducted into the Hall of Fame. The Hall of Fame has been criticized for focusing mainly on players from the National Hockey League and largely ignoring players from other North American and international leagues.
{{TOClimit|limit=3}}

==History==
[[File:Hockey Hall of Fame, Toronto.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Hockey Hall of Fame is located at the corner of Front and Yonge Streets in [[Downtown Toronto|downtown]] [[Toronto]]. The same building also houses the [[IIHF Hall of Fame]].]]
The Hockey Hall of Fame was established through the efforts of [[James T. Sutherland]], a former President of the [[Canadian Amateur Hockey Association]] (CAHA). Sutherland sought to establish it in [[Kingston, Ontario]] as he believed that the city was the birthplace of hockey.<ref name="p1">''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 1</ref> In 1943, the NHL and CAHA reached an agreement that a Hall of Fame would be established in Kingston.<ref name="p1"/> Originally called the "International Hockey Hall of Fame", its mandate was to honour great hockey players and to raise funds for a permanent location. The first nine "honoured members" (players [[Hobey Baker]], [[Charlie Gardiner (ice hockey)|Charlie Gardiner]], [[Eddie Gerard]], [[Frank McGee (ice hockey)|Frank McGee]], [[Howie Morenz]], [[Tommy Phillips]], [[Harvey Pulford]], [[Hod Stuart]] and [[Georges Vézina]]) were inducted on April 30, 1945, although the Hall of Fame still did not have a permanent home.<ref name="torstar-45">{{cite news |work=Toronto Star |title=Hockey Hall of Fame Receives Names of First Nine Immortals |date=May 1, 1945 |page=10}}</ref> The first board of governors consisted of [[Red Dutton]], [[Art Ross]], Frank Sargent (president of the CHA), [[Lester Patrick]], Abbie E. H. Coo, Wes McKnight, Basil E. O'Meara, J. P. Fitzgerald and W. A. Hewitt.<ref name="torstar-45"/>

[[File:Hhof olympics2.jpg|left|150px|thumb|The "World of Hockey Zone", which opened in 1998, is dedicated to international and [[Ice hockey at the Olympic Games|Olympic hockey]].]]

Kingston lost its most influential advocate as permanent site of the Hockey Hall of Fame when Sutherland died in 1955.<ref name="p25"/> By 1958, the Hockey Hall of Fame had still not raised sufficient funds to construct a permanent building in Kingston. [[Clarence Campbell]], then President of the NHL, grew tired of waiting for the construction to begin and withdrew the NHL's support to situate the Hall in Kingston.<ref name="history">{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/gi20300.shtml|title=The History of the Hockey Hall of Fame|accessdate=2007-12-26|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref> In the same year, the NHL and the [[Canadian National Exhibition]] (CNE) reached an agreement to establish a new Hall of Fame building in Toronto, in the [[Canadian Sports Hall of Fame]] located at [[Exhibition Place]]. The temporary Hockey Hall of Fame opened as an exhibit within the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame in August 1958, and 350,000 people visited it during the 1958 CNE fair.<ref name="p25">''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 25</ref> Due to the success of the exhibit, NHL and CNE decided that a permanent home in the [[Exhibition Place]] was needed.<ref>''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 33</ref> The NHL agreed to fully fund the building of the new facility on the grounds of Exhibition Place, and construction began in 1960.<ref>''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 35</ref> The first permanent Hockey Hall of Fame, which shared a building with the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame, was opened on August 26, 1961, by Canadian Prime Minister [[John Diefenbaker]].<ref name = p39/> Over 750,000 people visited the Hall in its inaugural year.<ref>''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 47</ref> Admission to the Hockey Hall of Fame was free until 1980, when the Hockey Hall of Fame facilities underwent expansion.<ref>{{cite news |title=Expanded hockey hall will charge admission |publisher=''The Globe and Mail'' |date=1980-06-06 |last=Patton|first=Paul}}</ref>
[[File:Hockey hall of fame former Bank of Montreal in Toronto.jpg|left|thumb|The building now used for the Hall, as a Bank of Montreal branch in the 1890s]]
By 1986, the Hall of Fame was running out of room in its existing facilities and the Board of Directors decided that a new home was needed.<ref>''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 155</ref> The Hall vacated the Exhibition Place building in 1992, and its half was taken over by the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame. The building was eventually demolished — a portion of the building's facade was preserved as an entrance to [[BMO Field]] stadium. Development of the new location, the former [[Bank of Montreal]] at the corner of Yonge and Front Streets in Toronto, began soon after. The building, now part of [[Brookfield Place (Toronto)|Brookfield Place]], was designed by [[Frank Darling (architect)|Frank Darling]] and [[S. George Curry]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://canada.archiseek.com/ontario/toronto/hockeyhalloffame.html |title=Hockey Hall of Fame (Former Bank of Montreal) |publisher=Archiseek |accessdate=2007-12-08| archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071117102831/http://canada.archiseek.com/ontario/toronto/hockeyhalloffame.html| archivedate = November 17, 2007}}</ref> The new Hockey Hall of Fame officially opened on June 18, 1993.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hall Marks its 10th Anniversary |publisher=''[[Toronto Sun]]'' |date=2003-06-15|last=Breslin|first=Lauren}}</ref> The new location has {{convert|4700|m2|sqft|-2|abbr=on}} of exhibition space, seven times larger than that of the old facility.<ref>{{cite news |title=New Hockey Hall of Fame brilliant mix of the old and new |publisher=The Gazette (Montreal, Quebec) |date=1993-06-08|last=Ormsby|first=Mary}}</ref> The Hockey Hall of Fame now hosts more than 300,000 visitors each year.<ref name="steed">{{cite news |title=Canada's pride designed as a story |publisher=''[[Toronto Star]]'' |date=2002-06-10|last=Steed|first=Judy}}</ref><ref name="arace">{{cite news |title=Canada's Centerpiece |publisher=''[[The Columbus Dispatch]]'' |date=1999-11-28 |last=Arace|first=Michael}}</ref>

==Operations and organization==
The first curator of the new Hall of Fame was [[Bobby Hewitson]]. Following Hewitson's retirement in 1967, [[Lefty Reid]] was appointed to the position. Reid was curator of the Hockey Hall of Fame for the next 25 years, retiring in 1992.<ref name="Founders">{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/gi20400.shtml|title=Founders & Leaders|accessdate=2007-12-26|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref> Following Reid's retirement, former NHL referee-in-chief [[Scotty Morrison]], who was the president of the Hockey Hall of Fame since 1986, was appointed curator.<ref name="Founders"/> Morrison supervised the relocation of the Hall of Fame and its exhibits.<ref name="About"/> The current curator is Phil Pritchard.

The Hockey Hall of Fame is led by Pat Quinn, Chairman of the Board, and Chief Executive Officer, Jeff Denomme. The Hockey Hall of Fame is operated as a non-profit business called the "Hockey Hall of Fame and Museum" (HHFM), independent of the National Hockey League. The Hall of Fame was originally sponsored by the NHL and [[Hockey Canada]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hockeycanada.ca/6/8/3/3/index1.shtml|title=History of Hockey Canada|accessdate=2007-12-26|publisher=[[Hockey Canada]]}}</ref> and revenue is generated mainly through admissions.<ref name="steed"/><ref name="About">{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/gi200.shtml|title=About Us|accessdate=2007-12-26|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref>

==Exhibits==
[[File:Hhof be a player1.jpg|right|200px|thumb|The "Be a Player" exhibit]]
The Hockey Hall of Fame has 15 exhibit areas covering {{convert|60000|sqft|m2|-2}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/ex00.shtml|title=Exhibits Tour|accessdate=2007-12-28|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref> Visitors can view trophies, memorabilia and equipment worn by players during special games. The ''Esso Great Hall'', described as "a Cathedral to the icons of Hockey",<ref name="Great Hall">{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/exbgh00.shtml|title=MCI Great Hall|accessdate=2007-12-28|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref> contains portraits and biographical information about every Hall of Fame honoured member. The centrepiece of the Great Hall is the [[Stanley Cup]]; for part of the year a replica is put on display when the presentation cup travels outside of the Hall of Fame. The original version of the Cup and the older rings, as well as all of the current [[National Hockey League awards|National Hockey League trophies]], are displayed in the bank vault, an alcove off the Great Hall. The Hall of Fame induction ceremony is annually held in the Great Hall.<ref name="Great Hall"/>

The ''NHL Zone'' is a large area featuring displays relating to the NHL. Current teams and players are highlighted in the ''NHL Today'' area, while the ''NHL Retro'' displays include memorabilia and information about every NHL team past and present. The ''NHL Legends'' area features rotating exhibits focusing on honoured members; and ''NHL Milestones'' displays exhibits of noteworthy records including [[Darryl Sittler]]'s ten-point game and [[Wayne Gretzky]]'s all-time points record.<ref name="NHL Zone">{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/exNHLZone.shtml|title=NHL Zone|accessdate=2007-12-28|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref> The ''Stanley Cup dynasties'' exhibit features displays that include memorabilia from the rosters of nine teams considered to be dynasties because they dominated the NHL for several years at a time.<ref name="NHL Zone"/> This area also has a replica of the [[Montreal Canadiens]]' dressing room as it existed at the old [[Montreal Forum]].<ref name="NHL Zone">{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/exCupDyn.shtml|title=Stanley Cup dynasties|accessdate=2007-12-28|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref> The ''Panasonic Hometown Hockey'' section is dedicated to grass roots hockey in North America; it includes exhibits about various leagues and sections on women's and disabled hockey leagues.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/exphth00.shtml|title=Panasonic Hometown Hockey|accessdate=2007-12-28|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref> Special exhibits in the past included an exhibit in 2000 showcasing Gretzky memorabilia.<ref>{{cite news |title=Toronto's Hockey Hall of Fame Shoots and Scores |publisher=''[[Chicago Tribune]]'' |date=2000-04-23|last=Mandernach|first=Mark}}</ref>

Interactive displays are featured in the ''NHLPA Be A Player Zone''. At the ''Source For Sports Shoot Out'', visitors take shots using real pucks at a computer simulation of [[goaltender]] [[Ed Belfour]]. Its counterpart, ''Lay's Shut Out'', has visitors playing goaltender, blocking shots from computer simulations of players Wayne Gretzky and [[Mark Messier]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/exbapz00.shtml|title=NHLPA Be A Player Zone|accessdate=2007-12-28|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref> The ''[[The Sports Network|TSN]]/[[Réseau des sports|RDS]] Broadcast Zone'' provides a look at how hockey broadcasting works and allows users to record messages that may be displayed on both the Hockey Hall of Fame's website, and the TSN/RDS networks.<ref name="TSN">{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/extsnb00.shtml|title=TSN/RDS Broadcast Zone|accessdate=2007-12-28|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref>

While many of the Hall of Fame exhibits are dedicated to the NHL, there is a large section devoted to hockey leagues and players outside North America. On June 29, 1998, the ''World of Hockey Zone'' opened.<ref>See description of agreement with the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) - concerning the IIHF Hall of Fame - at [[List of members of the IIHF Hall of Fame]]. ''See also'': {{cite web |url= http://www.iihf.com/iihf-home/history/the-iihf/iihf-hall-of-fame.html |title= IIHF Hall of Fame |publisher= International Ice Hockey Federation |accessdate=2010-07-28}} {{cite web |url= http://www.azhockey.com/Ii.htm |title= Index '''Ii''': IIHF Hall of Fame |publisher= A to Z Enyclopaedia of Ice Hockey |accessdate=2010-07-28}}</ref> It is a {{convert|6000|sqft|m2|-2}} area dedicated to international hockey, including World and [[Winter Olympics|Olympic competition]] and contains profiles on all [[International Ice Hockey Federation|IIHF]] member Countries.<ref name="history"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Hall goes global, exciting new permanent exhibit to open June 29 |publisher=''Toronto Sun''|date=1998-06-26}}</ref><ref name="World of Hockey">{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/exwoh00.shtml|title=World of Hockey|accessdate=2007-12-28|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref>

==Hall of Fame==
{{see also|List of members of the Hockey Hall of Fame}}
[[File:Hhof great hall.jpg|right|200px|thumb|The Great Hall features portraits of every inductee, and displays all of the active NHL trophies.]]

===Selection process===
As of 2009, new members can be inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame as players, builders or on-ice officials. The builders' category includes coaches, [[List of National Hockey League General Managers|general manager]]s, commentators, team owners and others who have helped build the game.<ref name="Committee"/> The category for on-ice officials was added in 1961<ref name=p39>''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 39</ref> and a "veteran player" category was established in 1988. The purpose of the category was to "provide a vehicle for players who may have been overlooked and whose chances for election would be limited when placed on the same ballot with contemporary players".<ref name="Facts"/> Eleven players were inducted into that category, but in 2000, the Board of Directors eliminated it; the players who had been inducted under this category were merged into the player category.<ref name="Facts"/>

Candidates for membership in the Hockey Hall of Fame are nominated by an 18-person selection committee. The committee consists of Hockey Hall of Fame members, hockey personnel and media personalities associated with the game; the membership is representative of "areas throughout the world where hockey is popular",<ref name="Committee"/> and includes at least one member who is knowledgeable about international hockey and one member who is knowledgeable about amateur hockey. Committee members are appointed by the Board of Directors to a three-year term. The terms of the committee members are staggered so that each year there are six newly appointed or reappointed members.<ref name="Committee"/> As of 2012, the selection committee consists of: co-chairmen [[Jim Gregory (ice hockey)|James M. Gregory]] and [[Pat Quinn (ice hockey)|Pat Quinn]] as well as [[Scotty Bowman]], [[David Branch]], [[Brian Burke (ice hockey)|Brian Burke]], [[Colin Campbell (ice hockey)|Colin Campbell]], [[John Davidson (ice hockey)|John Davidson]], [[Eric Duhatschek]], [[Mike Emrick]], Michael Farber, Marc de Foy, [[Mike Gartner]], [[Anders Hedberg]], [[Igor Larionov]], [[Lanny McDonald]], [[Serge Savard]], [[Peter Šťastný|Peter Stastny]] and [[Bill Torrey]].<ref name="Committee">{{cite web|url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net/html/indselect.htm|title=Selection Committee By-Laws|accessdate=2012-06-26|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame|work=Legends of Hockey}}</ref>

Each committee member is allowed to nominate one person in each category per year. Nominations must be submitted to the Chairman of the Board of Directors by April 15 of the nomination year. The committee then meets in June where a series of Secret ballot votes is held; any player with the support of 75% of the members of the committee present is inducted. If the maximum number of players does not receive 75% after the first round of voting, then run-off votes are held. Players with less than 50% are dropped from consideration for that year and voting continues until either the maximum number of inductees is reached or all remaining nominees receive between 50% and 75%. In any given year, a maximum of four players, two builders, and one on-ice official are inducted as members. Player and on-ice officials must have been retired for a minimum of three years to be eligible for nomination. [[List of members of the Hockey Hall of Fame#Builders|Builders]] may be "active or inactive".<ref name="Bylaws">{{cite web|url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net/html/indelection.htm|title=Summary of Election Procedures|accessdate=2009-04-03|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame|work=Legends of Hockey}}</ref>
[[File:Stanley cup closeup.jpg|left|150px|thumb|The Stanley Cup on display in the Great Hall]]
The waiting period was waived for ten players deemed exceptionally notable; [[Dit Clapper]] (1947), [[Maurice Richard]] (1961), [[Ted Lindsay]] (1966), [[Red Kelly]] (1969), [[Terry Sawchuk]] (1971), [[Jean Béliveau]] (1972), [[Gordie Howe]] (1972), [[Bobby Orr]] (1979), [[Mario Lemieux]] (1997), and [[Wayne Gretzky]] (1999).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A01E0DB113DF933A05757C0A96F958260|title=Committee Approves Waiver for Gretzky |date=1999-04-30|accessdate=2007-12-25|work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Following Gretzky's induction, the Board of Directors determined that the waiting period would no longer be waived for any player except under "certain humanitarian circumstances".<ref name="Facts">{{cite web|url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net/html/ind02facts.htm|title=Induction facts & figures |accessdate=2007-12-25|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame|work=Legends of Hockey}}</ref> Three Hall of Fame members came out of retirement after their induction and resumed a career in the National League: [[Gordie Howe]], [[Guy Lafleur]] and [[Mario Lemieux]].<ref name="Facts"/>

On March 31, 2009, the Hall of Fame announced new by-law additions which will be implemented on January 1, 2010. Starting in 2010, male and female players are considered for induction separately and a maximum of two women can be inducted as players per year.<ref name="Women">{{Cite web|title=Hockey Hall of Fame changes rules for female candidates|url=http://www.cbc.ca/sports/hockey/story/2009/03/31/hhf-female-rules.html|date=2009-03-31|accessdate=2009-04-03|publisher=CBC Sports}}</ref> The by-law also clarifies that a builder does not need to have been a coach, manager or executive to be inducted. Although they remain separate categories, the builders and on-ice officials are considered on the same ballot and a combined maximum of two can be inducted each year. The Board of Directors will now meet at least once every five years to consider potential changes to the limits.<ref name="Newbylaw">{{Cite web|url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net/html/ind09press.htm|title=Hockey Hall Of Fame Introduces New Voting Procedures For Honoured Membership|date=2009-03-31|accessdate=2009-04-03|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame|work=Legends of Hockey}}</ref>

There is also a category for "Media honourees". The [[Elmer Ferguson Memorial Award]] is awarded by the Professional Hockey Writers' Association to "distinguished members of the newspaper profession whose words have brought honour to journalism and to hockey".<ref name="Ferguson">{{cite web|url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net/html/leg_writers.htm|title=Elmer Ferguson Memorial Award winners|accessdate=2007-12-25|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame|work=Legends of Hockey}}</ref> The [[Foster Hewitt Memorial Award]] is awarded by the NHL Broadcasters' Association to "members of the radio and television industry who made outstanding contributions to their profession and the game during their career in hockey broadcasting".<ref name="Hewitt">{{cite web|url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net/html/leg_broadcasters.htm|title=Foster Hewitt Memorial Award winners|accessdate=2007-12-25|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame|work=Legends of Hockey}}</ref> The voting for both awards is conducted by their respective associations. While media honourees are not considered full inductees, they are still honoured with a display at the Hockey Hall of Fame.<ref name="TSN"/> The ceremonies associated with these awards are held separately from the induction of the members of the Hall of Fame.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net/html/ind05prolog.htm|title=Hockey Hall of Fame Announces Legends Classic Tour 2005 Featuring Canada Vs. Russia|accessdate=2007-12-28|date=2005-09-07|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame|work=Legends of Hockey}}</ref> Some of the award winners have also been inducted into the Hall of Fame as builders, including [[Foster Hewitt]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net:8080/LegendsOfHockey/jsp/LegendsMember.jsp?mem=B196501&type=Builder&page=bio&list=ByName#photo|title=Foster Hewitt|accessdate=2007-12-25|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame|work=Legends of Hockey}}</ref>

===Induction ceremony===
The induction ceremony was held at the Hall of Fame from 1959 until 1974. In 1975, it was held at the [[Fairmont Royal York|Royal York Hotel]] in Toronto and would be held there until 1979. From 1980 to 1992, the ceremony was held at various different locations in Toronto, except for 1986, 1987 and 1991 when the ceremonies were held in [[Vancouver]], [[Detroit]] and [[Ottawa]] respectively. Since 1993, it has been held at the current Hall of Fame building.<ref name="Facts"/> The ceremony was first broadcast by [[The Sports Network]] in 1994.<ref>''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 194</ref> In 1999 the "Hockey Hall of Fame game" was established, a contest between the [[Toronto Maple Leafs]] and a visiting team, with a special ceremony honouring that year's inductees held before the game.<ref>''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 207</ref> Robert Tychkowski of the ''[[Edmonton Sun]]'' reports that many, including [[Edmonton Oilers]] president [[Kevin Lowe]], believe the induction ceremony should be held on a night when there are no NHL games scheduled. This would allow a more representative portion of the hockey world to attend.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://calsun.canoe.ca/Sports/Hockey/2008/11/10/7360771-sun.html|title=Lowe traveling to T.O. for Andy|author=Tychkowski, Robert|accessdate=2008-11-10|date=2008-11-10|publisher=[[Sun Media]]|work=[[Calgary Sun]]}}</ref>

===Criticism===
The Hall of Fame has been criticised for inducting several lacklustre candidates in the early 2000s decade due to "a shortage of true greatness".<ref name="Ulmer"/> Since then, some have claimed that the Hall of Fame has become too exclusive.<ref name="Ulmer"/> The Hall of Fame has also been criticised for failing to induct international players and critics have claimed that the Hall has been far too focused on the National Hockey League. A common statement is that it is more of an "NHL Hall of Fame" than a general Hockey Hall of Fame.<ref name="Ulmer">{{cite web|url=http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam//Columnists/Ulmer/2006/06/30/1661550-sun.html|title=Hockey Hall just too tough |date=2006-06-30|last=Ulmer|first=Mike|accessdate=2007-12-25|publisher=[[Canadian Online Explorer|Slam! Sports]]}}</ref><ref name="2005class">{{cite news |title=Hall welcomes class of 2005: Neely, Kharlamov, Costello inducted into Hockey Hall of Fame |publisher=''[[Barrie Examiner]]'' |author=Canadian Press |date=2005-11-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Hockey/News/2005/11/07/1296374-sun.html|title=Fitting tribute to hockey legend |date=2005-11-07|author=Fidlin, Ken|accessdate=2007-12-25|publisher=''Toronto Sun''}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tsn.ca/nhl/news_story/?ID=212159&hubname=|title=It's the Hockey Hall of Fame, not the NHL Hall of Fame. |date=2007-06-28|author=Canadian Press|accessdate=2007-12-25|publisher=[[The Sports Network]]| archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071010110419/http://www.tsn.ca/nhl/news_story/?ID=212159&hubname=| archivedate = October 10, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/nhl/columns/story?columnist=frei_terry&id=2918472|title=Here's my final selections for the 2007 Hall class |date=2007-06-27|last=Frei|first=Terry|accessdate=2007-12-25|publisher=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> Partially in response to these claims, the Hall of Fame opened an International Hockey exhibit and announced that it would start looking at more international players for induction. [[Valeri Kharlamov]] was inducted in 2005, and is one of the few modern-day inductees to never play in the NHL.<ref name="2005class"/> The Hall of Fame has also been criticised for overlooking [[World Hockey Association]] players<ref name = "Klein-Reif">{{cite book | title = The Klein and Reif Hockey Compendium | author = Klein, Jeff Z. & Reif, Karl-Eric | publisher=McClelland and Stewart | year = 1986}}</ref> and over representing the [[Original Six]] era from 1942 to 1967.<ref name = "Klein-Reif">{{cite book | title = The Klein and Reif Hockey Compendium | author = Klein, Jeff Z. | publisher=McClelland and Stewart | year = 1986}}</ref> For several years, the Hall of Fame was criticized for overlooking female hockey players before the Hall of Fame announced that women would be given separate consideration.<ref>{{cite news |title=Woman belongs in IIHF Hall of Fame—official: Naming a female to federation's honour roll could start in 2008 |publisher=''[[Edmonton Journal]]'' |date=2007-03-10 |last=Spencer|first=Donna}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Gender issues hound Hall of Fame: Female players face barriers to finally gaining recognition |publisher=''Toronto Star'' |date=2007-12-22 |last=McGran|first=Kevin}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com/sports/hockey/article/826201--will-a-female-finally-be-inducted-into-the-hockey-hall-of-fame|title=Will a female finally be inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame?|author=McGran, Kevin|work=[[Toronto Star]]|date=2010-06-20|accessdate=2010-06-22}}</ref> In 2010, [[Angela James]] and [[Cammi Granato]] were the first women to be inducted into the Hall of Fame.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/23/sports/hockey/23hockey.html|work=The New York Times|date=2010-06-22|accessdate=2010-12-10|title=Hockey Hall of Fame Set to Induct Its First Two Women|last=Caldwell|first=Dave}}</ref>

One of the most discussed potential nominees is [[Paul Henderson]], who scored the winning goal in the final moments of the deciding eighth game of the [[Summit Series|1972 Summit Series]] between Canada and the Soviet Union. This is one of the best-known moments in hockey and Canadian sports history.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hall of one-hit wonders |publisher=''Nanaimo Daily News'' |date=2006-06-29|author=Brown, Scott}}</ref> While there is little question of the historical significance of that goal, Henderson's NHL statistics are not at a level comparable to those players usually selected for induction. His candidacy led to many debates among hockey fans and columnists.<ref name="Henderson">{{cite web|url=http://www.1972summitseries.com/hendersoninthehall.html|title=Does Paul Henderson Belong In The Hockey Hall of Fame?|accessdate=2007-05-04|publisher=1972summitseries.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Columnists/Hunt/2005/06/07/1075130.html|title=Chuvalo truly deserving of Walk of Fame honour |date=2005-06-07|author=Hunt, Jim|accessdate=2007-12-25|publisher=Slam! Sports}}</ref>

===Controversy===
[[File:Hockey Hall of Fame Toronto A.JPG|thumb|right|Front Street entrance]]
[[Conn Smythe]] served as the Hall's chairman for several years, but resigned in June 1971 when [[Busher Jackson|Harvey "Busher" Jackson]] was posthumously elected into the Hall. Smythe said that it made him sick to think of Jackson alongside such Toronto Maple Leafs players as "Apps, Primeau, Conacher, Clancy and Kennedy. If the standards are going to be lowered I'll get out as chairman of the board."<ref>{{cite news |work=The Globe and Mail |title=Conn Smythe critical of Busher's selection |date=June 10, 1971 |page=3}}</ref> Jackson was notorious for his off-ice lifestyle of drinking and broken marriages.<ref>{{cite news |work=The Globe and Mail |date=June 10, 1971 |page=3 |author=Beddoes, Dick |title=By Dick Beddoes}}</ref> Smythe would not condone the induction and even tried to block it because he considered Jackson a poor role model.<ref>''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 91</ref> [[Frank J. Selke]], head of the selection committee defended the selection on the belief that a man should not be shut out "because of the amount of beer he drank".<ref>{{cite news |work=Montreal Gazette |date=November 20, 1980 |title=Conn Smythe was heart, soul of Leafs |author=Burke, Tim |page=13}}</ref>

On March 30, 1993, it was announced that [[Gil Stein (ice hockey)|Gil Stein]], who at the time had been president of the National Hockey League for nine months but had been bypassed for the new job of commissioner in favor of [[Gary Bettman]], would be inducted into the Hall of Fame. There were immediate allegations that he had engineered his election through manipulation of the hall's board of directors. Due to these allegations, NHL commissioner Gary Bettman hired two independent lawyers, Arnold Burns and [[Yves Fortier (lawyer)|Yves Fortier]], to lead an investigation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE5DA1139F937A25754C0A965958260&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss|title=Stein Investigators Need More Time|date=1993-07-14|accessdate=2008-01-10|publisher=''The New York Times''}}</ref> They concluded that Stein had "improperly manipulated the process" and "created the false appearance and illusion" that his nomination was the idea of [[Bruce McNall]].<ref name="Stein"/> They concluded that Stein pressured McNall to nominate him and had refused to withdraw his nomination when asked to do so by Bettman.<ref name="Stein">{{cite web|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE5DD1E3BF93BA2575BC0A965958260|title=Stein Is Scratched as N.H.L. Immortal|date=1993-08-19|last=Lapointe|first=Joe|accessdate=2008-01-10|publisher=''The New York Times''}}</ref> There was a dispute over McNall's role and Stein was "categorical in stating that the idea was Mr. McNall's".<ref name="Stein"/> They recommended that Stein's selection be overturned, but it was revealed Stein had decided to turn down the induction before their announcement.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE1DF1530F932A1575AC0A965958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=print|title=Stein Hands the N.H.L. His Resignation|date=1993-09-21|accessdate=2008-01-10|publisher=''New York Times''}}</ref>

In 1989, [[Alan Eagleson]], a longtime executive director of the [[NHL Players Association|National Hockey League Players Association]], was inducted as a builder. He resigned nine years later from the Hall after pleading guilty to [[Mail and wire fraud|mail fraud]] and embezzling hundreds of thousands of dollars from the [[National Hockey League Players' Association]] pension funds.<ref>''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 167</ref> His resignation came six days before a vote was scheduled to determine if he should be expelled from the Hall.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com/article/186055|title=Eagleson puts hockey memorabilia on block|date=2007-02-27|last=Hunter|first=Paul|accessdate=2008-01-10|publisher=''Toronto Star''}}</ref> Originally, the Hall of Fame was not going to become involved in the issue, but was forced to act when dozens of inductees, including [[Bobby Orr]], [[Ted Lindsay]] and [[Brad Park]], campaigned for Eagleson's expulsion, even threatening to renounce their membership if he was not removed. He became the first member of a sports hall of fame in North America to resign.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE5DD1E3BF93BA2575BC0A965958260|title=Eagleson Resigns Under Pressure |date=1998-03-26|last=Lapointe|first=Joe|accessdate=2008-01-10|publisher=''New York Times''}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Ice hockey|Toronto}}
* [[MasterCard Centre]] - home of Hall of Fame archive and research centre
*[[IIHF Hall of Fame]]
*[[International Hockey Hall of Fame]]
*[[United States Hockey Hall of Fame]]
*[[Order of Hockey in Canada]]

==Notes==
{{reflist|2}}

==References==
* {{cite book | title = Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame| publisher = Fenn Publishing | year = 2003 | location = Canada | isbn = 1-55168-239-7}}
* {{cite book | title = Official Guide to the Players of the Hockey Hall of Fame| publisher = Firefly Books | year = 2010 | location = Canada | isbn = 1-55407-662-5}}
* {{cite book | title = Hockey Hall of Fame Book of Goalies| publisher = Firefly Books | year = 2010 | location = Canada | isbn = 1-55407-644-7}}

==External links==
{{Spoken Wikipedia|En-Hockey_Hall_of_Fame.ogg|2008-03-30}}
{{Commons and category}}
*{{official website|http://www.hhof.com}}

{{NHL}}
{{Ice hockey halls of fame}}
{{Toronto landmarks}}

{{featured article}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Hockey Hall Of Fame}}
[[Category:Hockey Hall of Fame|*]]
[[Category:1943 establishments in Canada]]
[[Category:Ice hockey museums and halls of fame]]
[[Category:Ice hockey in Canada]]
[[Category:Halls of fame in Canada]]
[[Category:Canadian sports trophies and awards]]
[[Category:Sports museums in Canada]]
[[Category:Museums in Toronto]]
[[Category:Beaux-Arts architecture in Canada]]
[[Category:PATH (Toronto)]]
[[Category:Museums established in 1943]]
[[Category:Awards established in 1945]]

Hockey Hall of Fame

2014-04-04T18:20:47Z

192.75.165.28: /* Operations and organization */

{{Infobox| bodystyle = class="infobox" style="width:22em; font-size:90%;"
| above = Hockey Hall of Fame
| abovestyle = background-color: #005AAB
| subheader =
| image1 = [[File:Hockey Hall of Fame Logo.svg|170px]]
| caption1 = Hockey Hall of Fame logo
| headerstyle = background-color: #005AAB
| header1 =
| label2 = '''Established'''
| data2 = 1943
| label3 = '''Location'''
| data3 = [[Yonge Street|30 Yonge Street]] [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/gi00.shtml|title=Visitor Information|accessdate=2007-12-26|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref>
| label4 = '''Founder'''
| data4 = [[James T. Sutherland]]
| label5 = '''Inductees'''
| data5 = 259 players 101 builders 15 on-ice officials [[List of members of the Hockey Hall of Fame|375]] total
| header20 =
| header30 =
| header40 =
| header50 =
| below =
}}

The '''Hockey Hall of Fame''' is located in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]], Canada. Dedicated to the [[history of ice hockey|history]] of [[ice hockey]], it is both a museum and a [[hall of fame]]. It holds exhibits about players, teams, [[National Hockey League]] (NHL) records, memorabilia and [[National Hockey League awards|NHL trophies]], including the [[Stanley Cup]]. Originally founded in [[Kingston, Ontario]], the Hockey Hall of Fame was first established in 1943 under the leadership of [[James T. Sutherland]]. The first class of honoured members was inducted in 1945, before the Hall of Fame had a permanent location. It moved to Toronto in 1958 after the NHL withdrew its support for the [[International Hockey Hall of Fame]] in Kingston, Ontario. Its first permanent building opened at [[Exhibition Place]] in 1961. In 1993, the Hall was relocated to a former [[Bank of Montreal]] building in [[Downtown Toronto]], where it is now located.

An 18-person committee of players, coaches and others meets annually in June to select new honourees, who are inducted as players, [[List of members of the Hockey Hall of Fame#Builders|builders]] or on-ice officials. In 2010, a subcategory was established for female players. The builders' category includes [[Coach (ice hockey)|coach]]es, [[List of National Hockey League General Managers|general manager]]s, commentators, team owners and others who have helped build the game. Honoured members are inducted into the Hall of Fame in an annual ceremony held at the Hall of Fame building in November, which is followed by a special "Hockey Hall of Fame Game" between the [[Toronto Maple Leafs]] and a visiting team. As of 2013, 259 players (including three women), 101 builders and 15 [[Official (ice hockey)|on-ice officials]] have been inducted into the Hall of Fame. The Hall of Fame has been criticized for focusing mainly on players from the National Hockey League and largely ignoring players from other North American and international leagues.
{{TOClimit|limit=3}}

==History==
[[File:Hockey Hall of Fame, Toronto.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Hockey Hall of Fame is located at the corner of Front and Yonge Streets in [[Downtown Toronto|downtown]] [[Toronto]]. The same building also houses the [[IIHF Hall of Fame]].]]
The Hockey Hall of Fame was established through the efforts of [[James T. Sutherland]], a former President of the [[Canadian Amateur Hockey Association]] (CAHA). Sutherland sought to establish it in [[Kingston, Ontario]] as he believed that the city was the birthplace of hockey.<ref name="p1">''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 1</ref> In 1943, the NHL and CAHA reached an agreement that a Hall of Fame would be established in Kingston.<ref name="p1"/> Originally called the "International Hockey Hall of Fame", its mandate was to honour great hockey players and to raise funds for a permanent location. The first nine "honoured members" (players [[Hobey Baker]], [[Charlie Gardiner (ice hockey)|Charlie Gardiner]], [[Eddie Gerard]], [[Frank McGee (ice hockey)|Frank McGee]], [[Howie Morenz]], [[Tommy Phillips]], [[Harvey Pulford]], [[Hod Stuart]] and [[Georges Vézina]]) were inducted on April 30, 1945, although the Hall of Fame still did not have a permanent home.<ref name="torstar-45">{{cite news |work=Toronto Star |title=Hockey Hall of Fame Receives Names of First Nine Immortals |date=May 1, 1945 |page=10}}</ref> The first board of governors consisted of [[Red Dutton]], [[Art Ross]], Frank Sargent (president of the CHA), [[Lester Patrick]], Abbie E. H. Coo, Wes McKnight, Basil E. O'Meara, J. P. Fitzgerald and W. A. Hewitt.<ref name="torstar-45"/>

[[File:Hhof olympics2.jpg|left|150px|thumb|The "World of Hockey Zone", which opened in 1998, is dedicated to international and [[Ice hockey at the Olympic Games|Olympic hockey]].]]

Kingston lost its most influential advocate as permanent site of the Hockey Hall of Fame when Sutherland died in 1955.<ref name="p25"/> By 1958, the Hockey Hall of Fame had still not raised sufficient funds to construct a permanent building in Kingston. [[Clarence Campbell]], then President of the NHL, grew tired of waiting for the construction to begin and withdrew the NHL's support to situate the Hall in Kingston.<ref name="history">{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/gi20300.shtml|title=The History of the Hockey Hall of Fame|accessdate=2007-12-26|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref> In the same year, the NHL and the [[Canadian National Exhibition]] (CNE) reached an agreement to establish a new Hall of Fame building in Toronto, in the [[Canadian Sports Hall of Fame]] located at [[Exhibition Place]]. The temporary Hockey Hall of Fame opened as an exhibit within the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame in August 1958, and 350,000 people visited it during the 1958 CNE fair.<ref name="p25">''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 25</ref> Due to the success of the exhibit, NHL and CNE decided that a permanent home in the [[Exhibition Place]] was needed.<ref>''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 33</ref> The NHL agreed to fully fund the building of the new facility on the grounds of Exhibition Place, and construction began in 1960.<ref>''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 35</ref> The first permanent Hockey Hall of Fame, which shared a building with the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame, was opened on August 26, 1961, by Canadian Prime Minister [[John Diefenbaker]].<ref name = p39/> Over 750,000 people visited the Hall in its inaugural year.<ref>''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 47</ref> Admission to the Hockey Hall of Fame was free until 1980, when the Hockey Hall of Fame facilities underwent expansion.<ref>{{cite news |title=Expanded hockey hall will charge admission |publisher=''The Globe and Mail'' |date=1980-06-06 |last=Patton|first=Paul}}</ref>
[[File:Hockey hall of fame former Bank of Montreal in Toronto.jpg|left|thumb|The building now used for the Hall, as a Bank of Montreal branch in the 1890s]]
By 1986, the Hall of Fame was running out of room in its existing facilities and the Board of Directors decided that a new home was needed.<ref>''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 155</ref> The Hall vacated the Exhibition Place building in 1992, and its half was taken over by the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame. The building was eventually demolished — a portion of the building's facade was preserved as an entrance to [[BMO Field]] stadium. Development of the new location, the former [[Bank of Montreal]] at the corner of Yonge and Front Streets in Toronto, began soon after. The building, now part of [[Brookfield Place (Toronto)|Brookfield Place]], was designed by [[Frank Darling (architect)|Frank Darling]] and [[S. George Curry]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://canada.archiseek.com/ontario/toronto/hockeyhalloffame.html |title=Hockey Hall of Fame (Former Bank of Montreal) |publisher=Archiseek |accessdate=2007-12-08| archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071117102831/http://canada.archiseek.com/ontario/toronto/hockeyhalloffame.html| archivedate = November 17, 2007}}</ref> The new Hockey Hall of Fame officially opened on June 18, 1993.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hall Marks its 10th Anniversary |publisher=''[[Toronto Sun]]'' |date=2003-06-15|last=Breslin|first=Lauren}}</ref> The new location has {{convert|4700|m2|sqft|-2|abbr=on}} of exhibition space, seven times larger than that of the old facility.<ref>{{cite news |title=New Hockey Hall of Fame brilliant mix of the old and new |publisher=The Gazette (Montreal, Quebec) |date=1993-06-08|last=Ormsby|first=Mary}}</ref> The Hockey Hall of Fame now hosts more than 300,000 visitors each year.<ref name="steed">{{cite news |title=Canada's pride designed as a story |publisher=''[[Toronto Star]]'' |date=2002-06-10|last=Steed|first=Judy}}</ref><ref name="arace">{{cite news |title=Canada's Centerpiece |publisher=''[[The Columbus Dispatch]]'' |date=1999-11-28 |last=Arace|first=Michael}}</ref>

==Operations and organization==
The first curator of the new Hall of Fame was [[Bobby Hewitson]]. Following Hewitson's retirement in 1967, [[Lefty Reid]] was appointed to the position. Reid was curator of the Hockey Hall of Fame for the next 25 years, retiring in 1992.<ref name="Founders">{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/gi20400.shtml|title=Founders & Leaders|accessdate=2007-12-26|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref> Following Reid's retirement, former NHL referee-in-chief [[Scotty Morrison]], who was the president of the Hockey Hall of Fame since 1986, was appointed curator.<ref name="Founders"/> Morrison supervised the relocation of the Hall of Fame and its exhibits.<ref name="About"/> The current curator is Phil Pritchard.

The Hockey Hall of Fame is led by [Pat Quinn], Chairman of the Board, and Chief Executive Officer, [Jeff Denomme]. The Hockey Hall of Fame is operated as a non-profit business called the "Hockey Hall of Fame and Museum" (HHFM), independent of the National Hockey League. The Hall of Fame was originally sponsored by the NHL and [[Hockey Canada]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hockeycanada.ca/6/8/3/3/index1.shtml|title=History of Hockey Canada|accessdate=2007-12-26|publisher=[[Hockey Canada]]}}</ref> and revenue is generated mainly through admissions.<ref name="steed"/><ref name="About">{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/gi200.shtml|title=About Us|accessdate=2007-12-26|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref>

==Exhibits==
[[File:Hhof be a player1.jpg|right|200px|thumb|The "Be a Player" exhibit]]
The Hockey Hall of Fame has 15 exhibit areas covering {{convert|60000|sqft|m2|-2}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/ex00.shtml|title=Exhibits Tour|accessdate=2007-12-28|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref> Visitors can view trophies, memorabilia and equipment worn by players during special games. The ''Esso Great Hall'', described as "a Cathedral to the icons of Hockey",<ref name="Great Hall">{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/exbgh00.shtml|title=MCI Great Hall|accessdate=2007-12-28|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref> contains portraits and biographical information about every Hall of Fame honoured member. The centrepiece of the Great Hall is the [[Stanley Cup]]; for part of the year a replica is put on display when the presentation cup travels outside of the Hall of Fame. The original version of the Cup and the older rings, as well as all of the current [[National Hockey League awards|National Hockey League trophies]], are displayed in the bank vault, an alcove off the Great Hall. The Hall of Fame induction ceremony is annually held in the Great Hall.<ref name="Great Hall"/>

The ''NHL Zone'' is a large area featuring displays relating to the NHL. Current teams and players are highlighted in the ''NHL Today'' area, while the ''NHL Retro'' displays include memorabilia and information about every NHL team past and present. The ''NHL Legends'' area features rotating exhibits focusing on honoured members; and ''NHL Milestones'' displays exhibits of noteworthy records including [[Darryl Sittler]]'s ten-point game and [[Wayne Gretzky]]'s all-time points record.<ref name="NHL Zone">{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/exNHLZone.shtml|title=NHL Zone|accessdate=2007-12-28|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref> The ''Stanley Cup dynasties'' exhibit features displays that include memorabilia from the rosters of nine teams considered to be dynasties because they dominated the NHL for several years at a time.<ref name="NHL Zone"/> This area also has a replica of the [[Montreal Canadiens]]' dressing room as it existed at the old [[Montreal Forum]].<ref name="NHL Zone">{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/exCupDyn.shtml|title=Stanley Cup dynasties|accessdate=2007-12-28|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref> The ''Panasonic Hometown Hockey'' section is dedicated to grass roots hockey in North America; it includes exhibits about various leagues and sections on women's and disabled hockey leagues.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/exphth00.shtml|title=Panasonic Hometown Hockey|accessdate=2007-12-28|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref> Special exhibits in the past included an exhibit in 2000 showcasing Gretzky memorabilia.<ref>{{cite news |title=Toronto's Hockey Hall of Fame Shoots and Scores |publisher=''[[Chicago Tribune]]'' |date=2000-04-23|last=Mandernach|first=Mark}}</ref>

Interactive displays are featured in the ''NHLPA Be A Player Zone''. At the ''Source For Sports Shoot Out'', visitors take shots using real pucks at a computer simulation of [[goaltender]] [[Ed Belfour]]. Its counterpart, ''Lay's Shut Out'', has visitors playing goaltender, blocking shots from computer simulations of players Wayne Gretzky and [[Mark Messier]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/exbapz00.shtml|title=NHLPA Be A Player Zone|accessdate=2007-12-28|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref> The ''[[The Sports Network|TSN]]/[[Réseau des sports|RDS]] Broadcast Zone'' provides a look at how hockey broadcasting works and allows users to record messages that may be displayed on both the Hockey Hall of Fame's website, and the TSN/RDS networks.<ref name="TSN">{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/extsnb00.shtml|title=TSN/RDS Broadcast Zone|accessdate=2007-12-28|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref>

While many of the Hall of Fame exhibits are dedicated to the NHL, there is a large section devoted to hockey leagues and players outside North America. On June 29, 1998, the ''World of Hockey Zone'' opened.<ref>See description of agreement with the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) - concerning the IIHF Hall of Fame - at [[List of members of the IIHF Hall of Fame]]. ''See also'': {{cite web |url= http://www.iihf.com/iihf-home/history/the-iihf/iihf-hall-of-fame.html |title= IIHF Hall of Fame |publisher= International Ice Hockey Federation |accessdate=2010-07-28}} {{cite web |url= http://www.azhockey.com/Ii.htm |title= Index '''Ii''': IIHF Hall of Fame |publisher= A to Z Enyclopaedia of Ice Hockey |accessdate=2010-07-28}}</ref> It is a {{convert|6000|sqft|m2|-2}} area dedicated to international hockey, including World and [[Winter Olympics|Olympic competition]] and contains profiles on all [[International Ice Hockey Federation|IIHF]] member Countries.<ref name="history"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Hall goes global, exciting new permanent exhibit to open June 29 |publisher=''Toronto Sun''|date=1998-06-26}}</ref><ref name="World of Hockey">{{cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/html/exwoh00.shtml|title=World of Hockey|accessdate=2007-12-28|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame}}</ref>

==Hall of Fame==
{{see also|List of members of the Hockey Hall of Fame}}
[[File:Hhof great hall.jpg|right|200px|thumb|The Great Hall features portraits of every inductee, and displays all of the active NHL trophies.]]

===Selection process===
As of 2009, new members can be inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame as players, builders or on-ice officials. The builders' category includes coaches, [[List of National Hockey League General Managers|general manager]]s, commentators, team owners and others who have helped build the game.<ref name="Committee"/> The category for on-ice officials was added in 1961<ref name=p39>''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 39</ref> and a "veteran player" category was established in 1988. The purpose of the category was to "provide a vehicle for players who may have been overlooked and whose chances for election would be limited when placed on the same ballot with contemporary players".<ref name="Facts"/> Eleven players were inducted into that category, but in 2000, the Board of Directors eliminated it; the players who had been inducted under this category were merged into the player category.<ref name="Facts"/>

Candidates for membership in the Hockey Hall of Fame are nominated by an 18-person selection committee. The committee consists of Hockey Hall of Fame members, hockey personnel and media personalities associated with the game; the membership is representative of "areas throughout the world where hockey is popular",<ref name="Committee"/> and includes at least one member who is knowledgeable about international hockey and one member who is knowledgeable about amateur hockey. Committee members are appointed by the Board of Directors to a three-year term. The terms of the committee members are staggered so that each year there are six newly appointed or reappointed members.<ref name="Committee"/> As of 2012, the selection committee consists of: co-chairmen [[Jim Gregory (ice hockey)|James M. Gregory]] and [[Pat Quinn (ice hockey)|Pat Quinn]] as well as [[Scotty Bowman]], [[David Branch]], [[Brian Burke (ice hockey)|Brian Burke]], [[Colin Campbell (ice hockey)|Colin Campbell]], [[John Davidson (ice hockey)|John Davidson]], [[Eric Duhatschek]], [[Mike Emrick]], Michael Farber, Marc de Foy, [[Mike Gartner]], [[Anders Hedberg]], [[Igor Larionov]], [[Lanny McDonald]], [[Serge Savard]], [[Peter Šťastný|Peter Stastny]] and [[Bill Torrey]].<ref name="Committee">{{cite web|url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net/html/indselect.htm|title=Selection Committee By-Laws|accessdate=2012-06-26|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame|work=Legends of Hockey}}</ref>

Each committee member is allowed to nominate one person in each category per year. Nominations must be submitted to the Chairman of the Board of Directors by April 15 of the nomination year. The committee then meets in June where a series of Secret ballot votes is held; any player with the support of 75% of the members of the committee present is inducted. If the maximum number of players does not receive 75% after the first round of voting, then run-off votes are held. Players with less than 50% are dropped from consideration for that year and voting continues until either the maximum number of inductees is reached or all remaining nominees receive between 50% and 75%. In any given year, a maximum of four players, two builders, and one on-ice official are inducted as members. Player and on-ice officials must have been retired for a minimum of three years to be eligible for nomination. [[List of members of the Hockey Hall of Fame#Builders|Builders]] may be "active or inactive".<ref name="Bylaws">{{cite web|url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net/html/indelection.htm|title=Summary of Election Procedures|accessdate=2009-04-03|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame|work=Legends of Hockey}}</ref>
[[File:Stanley cup closeup.jpg|left|150px|thumb|The Stanley Cup on display in the Great Hall]]
The waiting period was waived for ten players deemed exceptionally notable; [[Dit Clapper]] (1947), [[Maurice Richard]] (1961), [[Ted Lindsay]] (1966), [[Red Kelly]] (1969), [[Terry Sawchuk]] (1971), [[Jean Béliveau]] (1972), [[Gordie Howe]] (1972), [[Bobby Orr]] (1979), [[Mario Lemieux]] (1997), and [[Wayne Gretzky]] (1999).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A01E0DB113DF933A05757C0A96F958260|title=Committee Approves Waiver for Gretzky |date=1999-04-30|accessdate=2007-12-25|work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Following Gretzky's induction, the Board of Directors determined that the waiting period would no longer be waived for any player except under "certain humanitarian circumstances".<ref name="Facts">{{cite web|url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net/html/ind02facts.htm|title=Induction facts & figures |accessdate=2007-12-25|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame|work=Legends of Hockey}}</ref> Three Hall of Fame members came out of retirement after their induction and resumed a career in the National League: [[Gordie Howe]], [[Guy Lafleur]] and [[Mario Lemieux]].<ref name="Facts"/>

On March 31, 2009, the Hall of Fame announced new by-law additions which will be implemented on January 1, 2010. Starting in 2010, male and female players are considered for induction separately and a maximum of two women can be inducted as players per year.<ref name="Women">{{Cite web|title=Hockey Hall of Fame changes rules for female candidates|url=http://www.cbc.ca/sports/hockey/story/2009/03/31/hhf-female-rules.html|date=2009-03-31|accessdate=2009-04-03|publisher=CBC Sports}}</ref> The by-law also clarifies that a builder does not need to have been a coach, manager or executive to be inducted. Although they remain separate categories, the builders and on-ice officials are considered on the same ballot and a combined maximum of two can be inducted each year. The Board of Directors will now meet at least once every five years to consider potential changes to the limits.<ref name="Newbylaw">{{Cite web|url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net/html/ind09press.htm|title=Hockey Hall Of Fame Introduces New Voting Procedures For Honoured Membership|date=2009-03-31|accessdate=2009-04-03|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame|work=Legends of Hockey}}</ref>

There is also a category for "Media honourees". The [[Elmer Ferguson Memorial Award]] is awarded by the Professional Hockey Writers' Association to "distinguished members of the newspaper profession whose words have brought honour to journalism and to hockey".<ref name="Ferguson">{{cite web|url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net/html/leg_writers.htm|title=Elmer Ferguson Memorial Award winners|accessdate=2007-12-25|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame|work=Legends of Hockey}}</ref> The [[Foster Hewitt Memorial Award]] is awarded by the NHL Broadcasters' Association to "members of the radio and television industry who made outstanding contributions to their profession and the game during their career in hockey broadcasting".<ref name="Hewitt">{{cite web|url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net/html/leg_broadcasters.htm|title=Foster Hewitt Memorial Award winners|accessdate=2007-12-25|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame|work=Legends of Hockey}}</ref> The voting for both awards is conducted by their respective associations. While media honourees are not considered full inductees, they are still honoured with a display at the Hockey Hall of Fame.<ref name="TSN"/> The ceremonies associated with these awards are held separately from the induction of the members of the Hall of Fame.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net/html/ind05prolog.htm|title=Hockey Hall of Fame Announces Legends Classic Tour 2005 Featuring Canada Vs. Russia|accessdate=2007-12-28|date=2005-09-07|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame|work=Legends of Hockey}}</ref> Some of the award winners have also been inducted into the Hall of Fame as builders, including [[Foster Hewitt]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net:8080/LegendsOfHockey/jsp/LegendsMember.jsp?mem=B196501&type=Builder&page=bio&list=ByName#photo|title=Foster Hewitt|accessdate=2007-12-25|publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame|work=Legends of Hockey}}</ref>

===Induction ceremony===
The induction ceremony was held at the Hall of Fame from 1959 until 1974. In 1975, it was held at the [[Fairmont Royal York|Royal York Hotel]] in Toronto and would be held there until 1979. From 1980 to 1992, the ceremony was held at various different locations in Toronto, except for 1986, 1987 and 1991 when the ceremonies were held in [[Vancouver]], [[Detroit]] and [[Ottawa]] respectively. Since 1993, it has been held at the current Hall of Fame building.<ref name="Facts"/> The ceremony was first broadcast by [[The Sports Network]] in 1994.<ref>''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 194</ref> In 1999 the "Hockey Hall of Fame game" was established, a contest between the [[Toronto Maple Leafs]] and a visiting team, with a special ceremony honouring that year's inductees held before the game.<ref>''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 207</ref> Robert Tychkowski of the ''[[Edmonton Sun]]'' reports that many, including [[Edmonton Oilers]] president [[Kevin Lowe]], believe the induction ceremony should be held on a night when there are no NHL games scheduled. This would allow a more representative portion of the hockey world to attend.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://calsun.canoe.ca/Sports/Hockey/2008/11/10/7360771-sun.html|title=Lowe traveling to T.O. for Andy|author=Tychkowski, Robert|accessdate=2008-11-10|date=2008-11-10|publisher=[[Sun Media]]|work=[[Calgary Sun]]}}</ref>

===Criticism===
The Hall of Fame has been criticised for inducting several lacklustre candidates in the early 2000s decade due to "a shortage of true greatness".<ref name="Ulmer"/> Since then, some have claimed that the Hall of Fame has become too exclusive.<ref name="Ulmer"/> The Hall of Fame has also been criticised for failing to induct international players and critics have claimed that the Hall has been far too focused on the National Hockey League. A common statement is that it is more of an "NHL Hall of Fame" than a general Hockey Hall of Fame.<ref name="Ulmer">{{cite web|url=http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam//Columnists/Ulmer/2006/06/30/1661550-sun.html|title=Hockey Hall just too tough |date=2006-06-30|last=Ulmer|first=Mike|accessdate=2007-12-25|publisher=[[Canadian Online Explorer|Slam! Sports]]}}</ref><ref name="2005class">{{cite news |title=Hall welcomes class of 2005: Neely, Kharlamov, Costello inducted into Hockey Hall of Fame |publisher=''[[Barrie Examiner]]'' |author=Canadian Press |date=2005-11-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Hockey/News/2005/11/07/1296374-sun.html|title=Fitting tribute to hockey legend |date=2005-11-07|author=Fidlin, Ken|accessdate=2007-12-25|publisher=''Toronto Sun''}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tsn.ca/nhl/news_story/?ID=212159&hubname=|title=It's the Hockey Hall of Fame, not the NHL Hall of Fame. |date=2007-06-28|author=Canadian Press|accessdate=2007-12-25|publisher=[[The Sports Network]]| archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071010110419/http://www.tsn.ca/nhl/news_story/?ID=212159&hubname=| archivedate = October 10, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/nhl/columns/story?columnist=frei_terry&id=2918472|title=Here's my final selections for the 2007 Hall class |date=2007-06-27|last=Frei|first=Terry|accessdate=2007-12-25|publisher=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> Partially in response to these claims, the Hall of Fame opened an International Hockey exhibit and announced that it would start looking at more international players for induction. [[Valeri Kharlamov]] was inducted in 2005, and is one of the few modern-day inductees to never play in the NHL.<ref name="2005class"/> The Hall of Fame has also been criticised for overlooking [[World Hockey Association]] players<ref name = "Klein-Reif">{{cite book | title = The Klein and Reif Hockey Compendium | author = Klein, Jeff Z. & Reif, Karl-Eric | publisher=McClelland and Stewart | year = 1986}}</ref> and over representing the [[Original Six]] era from 1942 to 1967.<ref name = "Klein-Reif">{{cite book | title = The Klein and Reif Hockey Compendium | author = Klein, Jeff Z. | publisher=McClelland and Stewart | year = 1986}}</ref> For several years, the Hall of Fame was criticized for overlooking female hockey players before the Hall of Fame announced that women would be given separate consideration.<ref>{{cite news |title=Woman belongs in IIHF Hall of Fame—official: Naming a female to federation's honour roll could start in 2008 |publisher=''[[Edmonton Journal]]'' |date=2007-03-10 |last=Spencer|first=Donna}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Gender issues hound Hall of Fame: Female players face barriers to finally gaining recognition |publisher=''Toronto Star'' |date=2007-12-22 |last=McGran|first=Kevin}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com/sports/hockey/article/826201--will-a-female-finally-be-inducted-into-the-hockey-hall-of-fame|title=Will a female finally be inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame?|author=McGran, Kevin|work=[[Toronto Star]]|date=2010-06-20|accessdate=2010-06-22}}</ref> In 2010, [[Angela James]] and [[Cammi Granato]] were the first women to be inducted into the Hall of Fame.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/23/sports/hockey/23hockey.html|work=The New York Times|date=2010-06-22|accessdate=2010-12-10|title=Hockey Hall of Fame Set to Induct Its First Two Women|last=Caldwell|first=Dave}}</ref>

One of the most discussed potential nominees is [[Paul Henderson]], who scored the winning goal in the final moments of the deciding eighth game of the [[Summit Series|1972 Summit Series]] between Canada and the Soviet Union. This is one of the best-known moments in hockey and Canadian sports history.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hall of one-hit wonders |publisher=''Nanaimo Daily News'' |date=2006-06-29|author=Brown, Scott}}</ref> While there is little question of the historical significance of that goal, Henderson's NHL statistics are not at a level comparable to those players usually selected for induction. His candidacy led to many debates among hockey fans and columnists.<ref name="Henderson">{{cite web|url=http://www.1972summitseries.com/hendersoninthehall.html|title=Does Paul Henderson Belong In The Hockey Hall of Fame?|accessdate=2007-05-04|publisher=1972summitseries.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Columnists/Hunt/2005/06/07/1075130.html|title=Chuvalo truly deserving of Walk of Fame honour |date=2005-06-07|author=Hunt, Jim|accessdate=2007-12-25|publisher=Slam! Sports}}</ref>

===Controversy===
[[File:Hockey Hall of Fame Toronto A.JPG|thumb|right|Front Street entrance]]
[[Conn Smythe]] served as the Hall's chairman for several years, but resigned in June 1971 when [[Busher Jackson|Harvey "Busher" Jackson]] was posthumously elected into the Hall. Smythe said that it made him sick to think of Jackson alongside such Toronto Maple Leafs players as "Apps, Primeau, Conacher, Clancy and Kennedy. If the standards are going to be lowered I'll get out as chairman of the board."<ref>{{cite news |work=The Globe and Mail |title=Conn Smythe critical of Busher's selection |date=June 10, 1971 |page=3}}</ref> Jackson was notorious for his off-ice lifestyle of drinking and broken marriages.<ref>{{cite news |work=The Globe and Mail |date=June 10, 1971 |page=3 |author=Beddoes, Dick |title=By Dick Beddoes}}</ref> Smythe would not condone the induction and even tried to block it because he considered Jackson a poor role model.<ref>''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 91</ref> [[Frank J. Selke]], head of the selection committee defended the selection on the belief that a man should not be shut out "because of the amount of beer he drank".<ref>{{cite news |work=Montreal Gazette |date=November 20, 1980 |title=Conn Smythe was heart, soul of Leafs |author=Burke, Tim |page=13}}</ref>

On March 30, 1993, it was announced that [[Gil Stein (ice hockey)|Gil Stein]], who at the time had been president of the National Hockey League for nine months but had been bypassed for the new job of commissioner in favor of [[Gary Bettman]], would be inducted into the Hall of Fame. There were immediate allegations that he had engineered his election through manipulation of the hall's board of directors. Due to these allegations, NHL commissioner Gary Bettman hired two independent lawyers, Arnold Burns and [[Yves Fortier (lawyer)|Yves Fortier]], to lead an investigation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE5DA1139F937A25754C0A965958260&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss|title=Stein Investigators Need More Time|date=1993-07-14|accessdate=2008-01-10|publisher=''The New York Times''}}</ref> They concluded that Stein had "improperly manipulated the process" and "created the false appearance and illusion" that his nomination was the idea of [[Bruce McNall]].<ref name="Stein"/> They concluded that Stein pressured McNall to nominate him and had refused to withdraw his nomination when asked to do so by Bettman.<ref name="Stein">{{cite web|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE5DD1E3BF93BA2575BC0A965958260|title=Stein Is Scratched as N.H.L. Immortal|date=1993-08-19|last=Lapointe|first=Joe|accessdate=2008-01-10|publisher=''The New York Times''}}</ref> There was a dispute over McNall's role and Stein was "categorical in stating that the idea was Mr. McNall's".<ref name="Stein"/> They recommended that Stein's selection be overturned, but it was revealed Stein had decided to turn down the induction before their announcement.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE1DF1530F932A1575AC0A965958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=print|title=Stein Hands the N.H.L. His Resignation|date=1993-09-21|accessdate=2008-01-10|publisher=''New York Times''}}</ref>

In 1989, [[Alan Eagleson]], a longtime executive director of the [[NHL Players Association|National Hockey League Players Association]], was inducted as a builder. He resigned nine years later from the Hall after pleading guilty to [[Mail and wire fraud|mail fraud]] and embezzling hundreds of thousands of dollars from the [[National Hockey League Players' Association]] pension funds.<ref>''Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame'', p. 167</ref> His resignation came six days before a vote was scheduled to determine if he should be expelled from the Hall.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com/article/186055|title=Eagleson puts hockey memorabilia on block|date=2007-02-27|last=Hunter|first=Paul|accessdate=2008-01-10|publisher=''Toronto Star''}}</ref> Originally, the Hall of Fame was not going to become involved in the issue, but was forced to act when dozens of inductees, including [[Bobby Orr]], [[Ted Lindsay]] and [[Brad Park]], campaigned for Eagleson's expulsion, even threatening to renounce their membership if he was not removed. He became the first member of a sports hall of fame in North America to resign.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE5DD1E3BF93BA2575BC0A965958260|title=Eagleson Resigns Under Pressure |date=1998-03-26|last=Lapointe|first=Joe|accessdate=2008-01-10|publisher=''New York Times''}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Ice hockey|Toronto}}
* [[MasterCard Centre]] - home of Hall of Fame archive and research centre
*[[IIHF Hall of Fame]]
*[[International Hockey Hall of Fame]]
*[[United States Hockey Hall of Fame]]
*[[Order of Hockey in Canada]]

==Notes==
{{reflist|2}}

==References==
* {{cite book | title = Honoured members: the Hockey Hall of Fame| publisher = Fenn Publishing | year = 2003 | location = Canada | isbn = 1-55168-239-7}}
* {{cite book | title = Official Guide to the Players of the Hockey Hall of Fame| publisher = Firefly Books | year = 2010 | location = Canada | isbn = 1-55407-662-5}}
* {{cite book | title = Hockey Hall of Fame Book of Goalies| publisher = Firefly Books | year = 2010 | location = Canada | isbn = 1-55407-644-7}}

==External links==
{{Spoken Wikipedia|En-Hockey_Hall_of_Fame.ogg|2008-03-30}}
{{Commons and category}}
*{{official website|http://www.hhof.com}}

{{NHL}}
{{Ice hockey halls of fame}}
{{Toronto landmarks}}

{{featured article}}
{{coord|43.646976|N|79.377253|W|region:CA-ON_type:landmark|display=title}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hockey Hall Of Fame}}
[[Category:Hockey Hall of Fame|*]]
[[Category:1943 establishments in Canada]]
[[Category:Ice hockey museums and halls of fame]]
[[Category:Ice hockey in Canada]]
[[Category:Halls of fame in Canada]]
[[Category:Canadian sports trophies and awards]]
[[Category:Sports museums in Canada]]
[[Category:Museums in Toronto]]
[[Category:Beaux-Arts architecture in Canada]]
[[Category:PATH (Toronto)]]
[[Category:Museums established in 1943]]
[[Category:Awards established in 1945]]

Line 5 Eglinton

2014-01-20T22:25:28Z

192.75.165.28: /* Route */

{{Infobox rail line
|box_width = auto
|name = Eglinton Crosstown LRT
|color =
|image = Crosstown line logo.png
|image_width = 240px
|caption =
|type = [[Light rail]]
|system =
|status = Under construction
|locale = [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]]
|start = [[Kennedy (TTC)|Kennedy]]
|end = [[Mount Dennis]]
|stations = 27
|routes =
|ridership =
|open = 2022-2023 (expected)<ref name = "Eglinton completion delays 2012" />
|close =
|owner = [[Metrolinx]]
|operator = [[Toronto Transit Commission]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/transportation/article/1266093--ttc-to-operate-city-s-new-lrt-lines |title=
TTC to operate city’s new LRT lines |author=Alex Consiglio |date=October 3, 2012 |work= |publisher=Toronto Star |accessdate=November 2012}}</ref>
|character =
|depot = [[Black Creek Carhouse]]
|stock = [[Flexity Freedom]]
|linelength = {{convert|19|km|abbr=on}}
|tracklength =
|notrack =
|gauge = {{RailGauge|sg|al=on|allk=on}}
|el = 750V DC overhead <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.metrolinx.com/en/projectsandprograms/transitexpansionprojects/EglintonScarboroughCrosstownUpdate_Feb72012.pdf |title=
Eglinton LRT 2012 update |author=Metrolinx |date=February 2012 |work= |publisher= |accessdate=November 2013}}</ref>
|speed = 80 km/h
|elevation =
|map = {{infobox rdt|Eglinton Crosstown line|legend=no}}
|map_state = collapsed
}}
{{or-section|date=February 2013}}
The '''Eglinton Crosstown LRT''', or '''the Crosstown''', is a [[light rail]] transit line under construction in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]], Canada, to be owned by [[Metrolinx]] and operated by the [[Toronto Transit Commission]] (TTC). It was first conceived in 2007 by then [[Mayor of Toronto|Toronto Mayor]] [[David Miller (Canadian politician)|David Miller]] and then chair of the TTC [[Adam Giambrone]] as part of [[Transit City]], a large-scale transit expansion plan consisting of other proposed light rail transit lines.

Upon election of [[Rob Ford]] as mayor, a proposal was made to build the line fully underground as a rapid transit line, part of the [[Toronto subway and RT]]. After public debate about whether the line should be entirely underground or partially underground, [[Toronto City Council]] and Metrolinx decided to build the line according to the 2009 Transit City plan as a light rail line only partially underground, between [[Mount Dennis]] in [[York, Ontario|York]] and [[Kennedy (TTC)|Kennedy]] in [[Scarborough, Ontario|Scarborough]]. Extending the line further westbound would be considered as part of the TTC's future expansion plans.

==History==

===Concept===
{{See also|Transit City}}

The Eglinton Crosstown LRT was conceived as a partially underground light rail line, announced in 2007 by Toronto Mayor [[David Miller (Canadian politician)|David Miller]] and TTC chair [[Adam Giambrone]]. It was part of the Transit City plan, which included the implementation of six other light rail lines across Toronto. The original version of the line would have run from Pearson Airport along Silver Dart Road to Convair Drive. The line would have then turned southwest, bridging over [[Ontario Highway 401|Highway 401]] to reach Commerce Boulevard on the other side, where it would run south to reach Eglinton Avenue and the east end of the [[Mississauga Transitway]]. The rest of the line would run east along Eglinton Avenue, including a portion along which the previously-proposed [[Eglinton West line|Eglinton West subway line]] would have been built. The line would then cut across the city, intersecting every subway and RT line, with the exception of the [[Sheppard line]].

There were 43 stops planned for the Eglinton Crosstown LRT, 13 of which would be underground.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www3.ttc.ca/PDF/About_the_TTC/Transit_City/Eglinton_LRT_route_diagram1.pdf |publisher=[[Municipal government of Toronto|City of Toronto]]|date=November 2010 |accessdate=30 July 2011 |title=Eglinton Crosstown Light Rail Transit stops and stations |format=[[Portable Document Format|PDF]]}}</ref> Surface stops would be spaced on average {{convert|500|m|yd}} apart and the underground stations would be 850m apart on average, as constructing numerous underground stops would be costly. The average speed would be {{Convert|28|km/h|mph}},<ref>{{cite web|title=Eglinton Crosstown Backgrounder|url=http://www.thecrosstown.ca/the-project/fact-sheets/eglinton-crosstown|work=Eglinton Crosstown|publisher=Metrolinx|accessdate=8 November 2013}}</ref> compared with the existing bus routes along Eglinton that have an average speed of {{Convert|16|to|18|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com/article/475187|title=Distance between LRT stops criticized|last=Spears|first=John|date=2008-08-09|publisher=Toronto Star|accessdate=2008-08-14}}</ref> The line would terminate at [[Kennedy (TTC)|Kennedy Station]] to the east in [[Scarborough, Ontario|Scarborough]] where it would meet the [[Bloor–Danforth line|Bloor–Danforth subway]], the proposed [[Scarborough Malvern LRT]] and the [[Stouffville line|Stouffville GO train line]]. The expected cost was $4.6 billion.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/story/2011/01/04/eglinton-lrt-metrolinx653.html |publisher=[[CBC.ca|CBC]]|date=2011-01-04 |accessdate=2011-04-24 |title=Eglinton Transit City line may survive}}</ref> As a result of provincial funding cuts, construction of the line was divided into two phases: Phase One would end at Jane Street, and Phase Two would terminate as originally planned at [[Toronto Pearson International Airport|Pearson Airport]].

Miller's successor, [[Rob Ford]], announced the cancellation of Transit City on December 1, 2010, the day he took office.<ref>[http://www.torontolife.com/daily/informer/streetcar-named-disaster/2010/12/01/mayor-rob-ford-%E2%80%9Ctransit-city-is-over%E2%80%9D/ Mayor Rob Ford: “Transit City is over”] [[Toronto Life]] December 1, 2010</ref> The redesigned Eglinton–Scarborough Crosstown line along with a Sheppard line extension was announced four months later, with the support of [[Metrolinx]] and [[Premier of Ontario|Ontario Premier]] [[Dalton McGuinty]].<ref>[http://news.nationalpost.com/2011/03/31/funding-questions-linger-after-new-transit-plan-announced/ "Funding questions linger after new transit plan announced"] By Natalie Alcoba, [[National Post]]. March 31, 2011</ref> The redesigned line would put the 19-kilometre Eglinton portion completely underground, integrate the Scarborough RT portion, and run contiguously from Black Creek to McCowan. The cost would almost double to $8.2 billion and 18 fewer stops would be built. Most of the additional cost comes from putting 12 additional stations underground and for converting the [[Scarborough RT]].

On February 8, 2012, in a special meeting, City Council, led by [[Karen Stintz]], voted 25–18 to override Mayor Ford's modifications to the project.<ref name ="Council defeats Ford plan" /> The vote reinstated the 2009 "Transit City" proposal originally approved by council and the province, with the eastern portion of the line running from Laird to Kennedy on the surface and the western surface section running from Black Creek Drive to Keele Street.<ref name ="Council defeats Ford plan" /> On November 30, 2012, the environmental assessment was revised, such that the east tunnel portal location would be moved from east of Brentciffe to east of Don Mills,<ref>http://thecrosstown.ca/news-media/whats-new/Online-Consultation-Laird-Don-Valley</ref> however this was reversed in May 2013 after receiving community feedback.<ref>{{cite web|last=Kalinowski|first=Tess|title=Metrolinx puts Leslie back on the Crosstown map|url=http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2013/05/12/metrolinx_puts_leslie_back_on_the_crosstown_map.html|work=The Toronto Star|accessdate=8 November 2013}}</ref> In January 2013, Toronto City Councillors from Scarborough put forward an alternative plan to build the Eglinton portion of the LRT as planned, but to exclude the RT right of way from the line. In July 2013, plans to combine the Scarborough LRT (the current Scarborough RT) with the Eglinton Crosstown Line were abandoned altogether.<ref name=TorStar2013-01-17>{{cite news| url = http://www.thestar.com/news/city_hall/2013/01/17/ttc_report_threatens_to_reopen_scarborough_subway_debate.html| title = TTC report threatens to reopen Scarborough subway debate: One commissioner says it's proof Scarborough can have a new subway line under construction within the decade, but Metrolinx dismisses that| publisher = [[Toronto Star]]| author = Tess Kalinowski| date = 2013-01-17| accessdate = 2013-07-03| archivedate = 2013-07-03| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.com%2Fnews%2Fcity_hall%2F2013%2F01%2F17%2Fttc_report_threatens_to_reopen_scarborough_subway_debate.html&date=2013-07-03| deadurl = No| quote = Glenn DeBaeremaeker (Ward 38, Scarborough Centre) said the latest TTC report gives him new confidence that there will be a subway underway in Scarborough within a decade.
}}</ref><ref name=TorStar2013-05-06>{{cite news| url = http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2013/05/06/scarborough_councilors_seek_subway_line_instead_of_lrt.html| title = Scarborough councillors seek subway line instead of LRT: A group of Toronto councillors wants to replace the planned LRT for Scarborough with a subway. But a subway would cost $500 million more| publisher = [[Toronto Star]]| author = Tess Kalinowski| date = 2013-05-06| accessdate = 2013-07-03| archivedate = 2013-07-03| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.com%2Fnews%2Fgta%2F2013%2F05%2F06%2Fscarborough_councilors_seek_subway_line_instead_of_lrt.html&date=2013-07-03| deadurl = No| quote = An LRT would use the same route as the SRT. It would be 9.9 km versus 7.6 km of subway. The LRT would have seven stations, the subway, only three.
}}</ref>

===Construction===
{{Infobox Locomotive
|tractionmotors = AC
|minimumcurve = {{convert|36|ft|m|3|abbr=on}}
}}
The Eglinton Crosstown LRT will run for {{Convert|25.2|km|mi|abbr=on}} from [[Black Creek Drive]] to [[Kennedy (TTC)|Kennedy Station]]. Under the plan endorsed by Mayor Ford, {{Convert|19.5|km|mi|abbr=on}} the line would have been underground and {{Convert|5.7|km|mi|abbr=on}} elevated.<ref>[http://www.metrolinx.com/en/docs/pdf/board_agenda/20110428/Toronto_Transit_Plan.pdf "Metrolinx / Toronto Transit Plan"] [[Metrolinx]]. April 28, 2011</ref> The line will run underground for 10 km before rising to the surface east of Brentcliffe Avenue.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.toronto.ca/involved/projects/eglinton_crosstown_lrt/index.htm |publisher=[[Municipal government of Toronto|City of Toronto]]|date=20 August 2101 |accessdate=24 October 2011 |title=City of Toronto: Get Involved > Eglinton Crosstown Light Rail Transit (LRT) > Frequently Asked Questions > Stations and Stops}}</ref> There will be up to 26 stations, with an estimated 100 million trips annually in 2031.<ref name="June2011">[http://www.metrolinx.com/en/docs/pdf/presentations/EglintonCrosstownSlidesCombinedPresentationFINAL.pdf "Eglinton-Scarborough Crosstown Update"] Metrolinx. June 23, 2011</ref> The [[Presto card]] will be available for use across the line. The first part of tunnel construction involves the construction of a launch shaft for [[tunnel boring machine]]s (TBMs) at Black Creek Drive, which began on October 2011. Metrolinx ordered four TBMs at a cost of $54 million on July 28, 2010.<ref>[http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/transportation/article/841424--metrolinx-orders-tunneling-machines "Metrolinx orders tunneling machines"] By Tess Kalinowski, [[Toronto Star]]. July 28, 2010</ref> These TBMs were expected to commence midtown tunnelling in mid-2012.<ref>[http://www3.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Projects_and_initiatives/The_Crosstown/Construction_Updates/index.jsp TTC Construction Update: June 2011]</ref> However, the start was delayed to June 2013. The average excavation rate for a single machine is {{convert|75|m|ft}} a week of lined tunnel.

On November 9, 2011, in Keelesdale Park, Mayor Rob Ford and then-Premier [[Dalton McGuinty]] officially broke ground on the new project.<ref>[http://www.insidetoronto.com/news/local/article/1240699--crosstown-line-construction-begins Crosstown Line Construction Begins]</ref> In addition, tunnel boring machines have arrived on February 22, 2013 in Keelesdale Park.<ref>http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/transportation/2013/02/22/eglinton_crosstown_lrt_tunneling_a_step_closer.html</ref> They are named Dennis, Lea, Humber, and Don. The names were chosen by Jason Paris, a moderator of the Urban Toronto blog and forums. Dennis is named after [[Mount Dennis]], Lea is named after [[Leaside]], Humber is named after the [[Humber River (Ontario)|Humber River]], and Don is named after the [[Don River (Ontario)|Don River]]. The names Dennis and Lea combined allude to the poet [[Dennis Lee (author)|Dennis Lee]].<ref>http://thecrosstown.ca/news-media/whats-new/announcing-the-winning-names-of-the-tunnel-boring-machine-naming-contest</ref><ref>http://urbantoronto.ca/news/2013/06/eglinton-crosstown-tbms-get-personality-and-send</ref>

In January 2013, [[Ministry of Infrastructure (Ontario)|Infrastructure Ontario]] issued a [[Request for proposal#Other requests|request for qualifications]] to shortlist companies to construct the line. A [[request for proposal]] is expected in the summer of 2013.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.infrastructureontario.ca/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=2147489840 |title=Request for Qualifications Issued for the Eglinton Crosstown LRT and Scarborough LRT Lines| date=January 22, 2013| accessdate=March 10, 2013}}</ref> Construction on the line began in June 2013.<ref>http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/story/2013/06/05/toronto-eglinton-tunnel-construction.html June 5, 2013. Retrieved July 5, 2013.</ref>

==Route==
No Route
===Stations===
The following is the list of stops proposed as of 2013:<ref>{{cite web|last=Metrolinx|title=Stations and Stops|url=http://www.thecrosstown.ca/the-project/stations-and-stops|accessdate=17 November 2013}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! Stop !! Type !! Rapid Transit Connections
|-
| [[Mount Dennis LRT station|Mount Dennis]]
| Underground
| [[GO Transit]] [[Kitchener line]]
|-
| Keele
| Underground
|
|-
| Caledonia
| Underground
| [[GO Transit]] [[Barrie line]]
|-
| Dufferin
| Underground
|
|-
| Oakwood
| Underground
|
|-
| [[Eglinton West (TTC)|Eglinton West]]
| Underground
| TTC [[Yonge-University-Spadina line|University–Spadina line]]
|-
| Bathurst
| Underground
|
|-
| Chaplin
| Underground
|
|-
| Avenue
| Underground
|
|-
| [[Eglinton (TTC)|Eglinton]]
| Underground
| TTC [[Yonge-University-Spadina line|Yonge line]]
|-
| Mount Pleasant
| Underground
|
|-
| Bayview
| Underground
|
|-
| Laird
| Underground
|
|-
| Leslie
| At Grade
|
|-
| Don Mills
| Underground
|
|-
| Ferrand
| At Grade
|
|-
| Wynford
| At Grade
|
|-
| Bermondsey
| At Grade
|
|-
| Victoria Park
| At Grade
|
|-
| Pharmacy
| At Grade
|
|-
| Lebovic
| At Grade
|
|-
| Warden
| At Grade
|
|-
| Birchmount
| At Grade
|
|-
| Ionview
| At Grade
|
|-
| [[Kennedy (TTC)|Kennedy]]
| Underground or Elevated
| TTC [[Bloor–Danforth line]] [[GO Transit]] [[Stouffville line]]
|}

==See also==
{{portal|Toronto|Trains}}
* [[List of world's most expensive transport infrastructure]] (as one of the most expensive rapid transit lines in the world not fully grade-separated)
* [[Politics of light rail in North America]] (see [[Politics of light rail in North America#Canada|Canada section]])
* [[Toronto streetcar system]]
* [[Toronto subway and RT]]
* [[Eglinton West line]]

==References==
{{reflist
| colwidth = 30em
| refs =

<ref name = "Eglinton completion delays 2012">
{{cite news
| last = Chu
| first = Showwei
| title = Eglinton LRT unlikely to meet 2020 completion date: TTC report
| url = http://www.citytv.com/toronto/citynews/news/local/article/207847--eglinton-lrt-unlikely-to-meet-2020-completion-date-ttc-report
| newspaper = Citytv News
| date = 2012-05-29
| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/6AYIBeURV
| archivedate = 2012-09-09
| deadurl = no
| location = Toronto
}}
</ref>
<ref name ="Council defeats Ford plan">
{{cite news
| last = Kalinowski
| first = Tess
| last2 = Dale
| first2 = Daniel
| title = Special transit meeting: Mayor Rob Ford dismisses council’s vote against his subway plan
| url = http://www.thestar.com/news/article/1146793--toronto-transit-sheppard-panel-will-overwhelmingly-endorse-lrt-over-subway-options?bn=1
| date = 2012-02-09
| newspaper = The Toronto Star
| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/6AYGj34Vw
| archivedate = 2012-09-09
| deadurl = no
| location = Toronto
}}
</ref>

}}

==External links==
* [http://www.thecrosstown.ca Official Crosstown project website]
* [http://www3.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Projects_and_initiatives/The_Crosstown/index.jsp TTC's Crosstown project website]
* [http://www3.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Projects_and_initiatives/Light_Rail_Projects/index.jsp TTC's LRT projects website]
* [http://www.toronto.ca/involved/projects/eglinton_crosstown_lrt/index.htm City of Toronto's Crosstown project website]
{{Metrolinx}}
{{Transit City}}
{{TTC}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Crosstown Lrt}}
[[Category:Toronto Transit Commission]]
[[Category:Metrolinx]]
[[Category:Light rail in Canada]]
[[Category:Transit City]]
[[Category:Proposed public transport in the Greater Toronto Area]]

The Ride to Conquer Cancer

2014-01-15T18:02:09Z

192.75.165.28:

[[File:2011R2CCFinishCalgary.png|thumb|right|250px|Two riders passing through the finish line at the 2011 ride in Calgary.]]
The '''Ride to Conquer Cancer''' is an annual charity fundraiser held in various locations across Canada and Australia. It is organized as a non-competitive [[cycling]] event that sees thousands of riders travel over {{convert|200|km|mi}} over two days. It was first held in the [[Toronto]] area in 2008 and raised $14 million for the [[Princess Margaret Cancer Foundation(Toronto)|Princess Margaret Cancer Centre]]. Following the success of the first ride, the event spread to [[Montreal]], [[Calgary]] and [[Vancouver]] beginning in 2009,<ref name="FirstRide">{{cite news |last=Mick |first=Hayley |url=http://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/three-new-routes-added-to-ride-to-conquer-cancer/article717660/ |title=Three new routes added to Ride to Conquer Cancer |work=Globe and Mail |date=2008-10-23 |accessdate=2011-06-27}}</ref> and to [[Brisbane]] in 2011. In the four Canadian events in 2011, 11,000 riders raised $43.9 million.<ref name="2011Total">{{cite press release |url=http://www.marketwire.com/press-release/2011-enbridge-ride-to-conquer-cancer-a-record-breaking-success-tsx-enb-1538314.htm |title=2011 Enbridge Ride to Conquer Cancer a Record-Breaking Success |publisher=Marketwire |date=2011-07-14 |accessdate=2011-08-17}}</ref>

==Organization==
The Ride to Conquer Cancer was created in 2008 as a "mega-event" fundraiser in support of the [[Princess Margaret Hospital (Toronto)|Princess Margaret Hospital]] in Toronto. Differing from other fundraisers, the event focused on having a relatively small number of participants raise considerably more money in support of cancer research. Each participant is required to raise a minimum of $2,500 in order to ride.<ref>{{cite news |last=Campbell |first=Matthew |url=http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/article45232.ece |title=First Ride to Conquer Cancer hopes to raise $14-million |work=Globe and Mail |date=2008-06-21 |accessdate=2011-06-27}}</ref> The event was a success, raising $14 million for the hospital and spawning three more rides in other locations across the country for 2009.<ref name="FirstRide" /> It has quickly grown to become the largest cycling fundraiser in Canadian history, raising $88 million between 2008 and 2010.<ref>{{cite news |last=Langley |first=Alison |url=http://www.niagarafallsreview.ca/ArticleDisplay.aspx?e=3161451 |title=An emotional and physical journey |work=Niagara Falls Review |date=2011-06-08 |accessdate=2011-06-27}}</ref>

==Canada==
[[File:2011R2CCCalgary.png|thumb|right|Participants prepare their bikes prior to the 2011 ride in Calgary.]]
The title sponsor for the four Canadian events is [[Enbridge]], and between 2008 and 2011, the ride has raised over $130 million.<ref name="2011Total" />

The Ontario ride originates in [[Toronto]] and travels down to [[Niagara Falls, Ontario|Niagara Falls]]. 4,610 riders raised $17.5 million in support of the Princess Margaret Hospital in 2011, topping the 2010 record of $16.1 million.<ref>{{cite news |last=Mackrel |first=Kim |url=http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/toronto/toronto-police-officer-finishes-cancer-ride-on-anniversary-of-wifes-death/article2057535/ |title=Toronto police officer finishes cancer ride on anniversary of wife’s death |work=Globe and Mail |date=2011-06-13 |accessdate=2011-06-27}}</ref>

The British Columbia ride originates in [[Vancouver]], and crosses into the United States to finish in [[Seattle]]. Nearly 2,900 riders raised $11.1 million in 2011 in support of the B.C. Cancer Foundation,<ref>{{cite news |last=Robinson |first=Matthew |url=http://www.vancouversun.com/life/Cyclists+raise+million+Ride+Conquer+Cancer/4972901/story.html |title=Cyclists raise $11.1 million in the Ride to Conquer Cancer |work=Vancouver Sun |date=2011-06-19 |accessdate=2011-06-27}}</ref> in addition to the $18 million raised in the first two rides.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/story/2011/06/18/bc-cancer-ride.html |title=Cyclists pedal to Seattle to conquer cancer |publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation |date=2011-06-18 |accessdate=2011-06-19}}</ref>

The Alberta ride originates at [[Spruce Meadows]] in [[Calgary]] and heads southwest to [[Chain Lakes Provincial Park]] in the foothills of the [[Rocky Mountains]] before returning to Calgary. 2,880 riders raised $8.6 million in support of the Alberta Cancer Foundation in 2011, both records. The event raised $14.2 million in its first two rides of 2009 and 2010.<ref>{{cite news |last=Forbes |first=Bryce |url=http://www.calgaryherald.com/health/Ride+Conquer+Cancer+raises+record/5006895/story.html |title=Ride to Conquer Cancer raises record $8.6M |work=Calgary Herald |date=2011-06-25 |accessdate=2011-06-27}}</ref>

The Quebec ride originates at [[Montreal]] and finishes in [[Quebec City]] and supports [[Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital]] in Montreal.<ref>{{cite news |last=Kurek |first=Dominik |url=http://www.insidehalton.com/community/article/1024299--local-restaurateur-cycles-to-help-conquer-cancer |title=Local restaurateur cycles to help conquer cancer |work=Oakville Beaver |date=2011-06-09 |accessdate=2011-06-27}}</ref> 1,886 riders raised $6.7 million in 2011.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://mo12.conquercancer.ca/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=23942&news_iv_ctrl=0&abbr=mo12_ |title=1886 cyclists raise $6.7 million in third annual Enbridge Ride to Conquer Cancer benefiting the Jewish General Hospidal |publisher=Ride to Conquer Cancer |date=2011-07-09 |accessdate=2011-08-16}}</ref>

==Australia==
The event went international in 2011, as the The [[Rio Tinto Group|Rio Tinto]] Ride to Conquer Cancer took place in [[Brisbane]] in August 2011 and 2012. The event has raised nearly $10 million for cancer research at the [[Queensland Institute of Medical Research]], one of the largest research institutes in Australia.<ref>http://br13.conquercancer.org.au/site/PageServer?pagename=br13_aboutevent</ref>

==See also==
*[[Terry Fox Run]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.conquercancer.com.au The Ride to Conquer Cancer – Australia]
* [http://www.conquercancer.ca The Ride to Conquer Cancer – Canada]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ride to Conquer Cancer}}
[[Category:Cancer fundraisers]]
[[Category:Charities based in Australia]]
[[Category:Charities based in Canada]]
[[Category:Cycling events]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 2008]]
[[Category:Cycling events in Canada]]

Michael Baker (physician)

2013-12-19T20:24:53Z

192.75.165.28:

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'''Michael Allen Baker''', {{Post-nominals|country=CAN|CM|OOnt}} (born January 24, 1943) is a [[Canada|Canadian]] physician, academic, and cancer researcher. He is Rose Family Chair in Medicine<ref>http://www.theprincessmargaret.ca/en/findaperson/pages/clinicianprofile.aspx?personid=59</ref> , former Physician-in-Chief, [[University Health Network]] and Professor of Medicine at the [[University of Toronto]]. His research has helped to improve the understanding of human [[leukemia]] and other cancers.<ref name="Tribute">{{cite web|url=http://www.uhn.on.ca/donate/tgwh/site/html/events/michaelbaker/01_baker.html|title=Tribute to Dr. Michael Baker for Leukemia Research}}</ref>

Born in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]], Baker received his M.D. from the [[University of Toronto]] in 1966. He received his diploma from the National Board of Medical Examiners in 1967 and is a Fellow of the [[Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada]] specializing in [[Hematology]] and [[Internal Medicine]]. In 1982, he joined the University of Toronto as a Professor of Medicine. In 1992, he was made Physician-in-Chief of the [[Toronto General Hospital]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://utpress.utpress.utoronto.ca/cgi-bin/cw2w3.cgi?p=bakan&t=14851&d=1775|title=Canadian Who's Who entry}}</ref>

He was President of the National Cancer Institute of Canada for 3 years and a Board member of the [[Canadian Cancer Society]] for 5 years.<ref name="Tribute"/> In 2008, he was appointed by the Ontario [[Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care (Ontario)|Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care]] Executive Lead - Patient Safety, to oversee the government's patient safety agenda.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ogov.newswire.ca/ontario/GPOE/2008/05/28/c5270.html?lmatch=&lang=_e.html|title=Ontario Launches Transparency In Patient Safety Indicators}}</ref> In 2011, he was elected Chair of the Board of the Institute of Evaluative Sciences (ICES).

==Honours==
In 2008, he was made a Member of the [[Order of Canada]] "for his contributions to health care in Canada, notably for his work in developing an innovative, integrated medical care program for cancer patients and for his leadership in the area of infectious disease control".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gg.ca/media/doc.asp?lang=e&DocID=5601|title=Governor General Announces New Appointments to the Order of Canada}}</ref> In 2009, he was made a member of the [[Order of Ontario]] in recognition for being "a leading researcher whose work has led to a better understanding of leukemia and other cancers".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.citizenship.gov.on.ca/english/news/2009/n20090115.shtml|title=Order of Ontario Appointments Announced}}</ref> In 2006, he was made a Fellow of the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cahs-acss.ca/e/fellowships/citation_list2006.php|title=Canadian Academy of Health Sciences citation}}</ref> He was awarded the [[125th Anniversary of the Confederation of Canada Medal]] and the [[Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal]].<ref name="Tribute"/>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Persondata 
| NAME =Baker, Michael
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH =January 24, 1943
| PLACE OF BIRTH =[[Toronto]], [[Ontario]]
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Baker, Michael}}
[[Category:1943 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Canadian physicians]]
[[Category:Cancer researchers]]
[[Category:Hematologists]]
[[Category:Members of the Order of Canada]]
[[Category:Members of the Order of Ontario]]
[[Category:People from Toronto]]
[[Category:Recipients of the 125th Anniversary of the Confederation of Canada Medal]]
[[Category:University of Toronto alumni]]
[[Category:University of Toronto faculty]]

Wikipedia talk:Did you know

2013-11-29T23:41:23Z

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{{DYK-Refresh}}

This is where the '''[[Wikipedia:Did you know|Did you know]]''' section on the main page, its policies and the featured items can be discussed. Proposals for changing how Did You Know works were being discussed at [[Wikipedia:Did you know/2011 reform proposals]].

== Christmas DYK Task Force Assemble! ==

You know me, I love a DYK theme. Next year should be interesting because it's Olympics time again, and we have the WWI Centenary. But before we get to that, we are approaching the Christmas start time for DYK once again. Normally I'd post a couple of days before the 25th November, but I've given some extra leeway this time because we have the potential for taking articles to GA and have them qualify for DYK that way. So previously out of touch articles - say for instance, [[Santa Claus]] - could yet be possible for DYK.

So use this section to suggest Christmas themed articles both for the usual expansion/creation for DYK, and potentially for tidying up and taking through GA to qualify for DYK that way. I'll start my yearly trawl for expansions now and post ideas for them as I come across them. [[User:Miyagawa|Miyagawa]] ([[User talk:Miyagawa|talk]]) 14:37, 9 November 2013 (UTC)

:Ok, here's a few suggestions to get people started:
::Expansion: [[A Christmas Carol (1908 film)]], [[Christmas (The Middle)]], [[Christmas beer]], [[Christmas beetle]], [[Christmas Canon]], [[Christmas Frigatebird]], [[Christmas Imperial Pigeon]], [[Christmas Island (Tasmania)]], [[Christmas Island shrew]], [[Christmas Memories]], [[Church of la Natividad de Nuestra Señora (San Martín de la Vega)]], [[Church of la Natividad de Nuestra Señora, Valdetorres de Jarama]], [[Church of the Nativity, Tiraspol]], [[Episcopal Church of the Nativity (Rosedale, Louisiana)]], [[Episcopal Church of the Nativity (Union, South Carolina)]], [[Nativity Church, Căuşeni]], [[Santa Claus Is Coming to Town]], [[Holy Family and donors (Carpaccio)]], [[Home Alone (2006 video game)]], [[Santa Claus (1898 film)]], [[What Child Is This?]], [[We Wish You a Merry Christmas]], [[We Three Kings]], [[Once in Royal David's City]]
::Creation: [[Santa's List]] - a 2003 Cliff Richard song (it isn't Christmas without Cliff Richard)
::Good article expansion: [[Alfred Anderson (veteran)]], [[Angraecum sesquipedale]], [[The Christmas Invasion]], [[Merry Xmas Everybody]], [[Moroccan Christmas]].
:Feel free to add any as you go along and find them! [[User:Miyagawa|Miyagawa]] ([[User talk:Miyagawa|talk]]) 15:59, 9 November 2013 (UTC)
:::I'm planning to get either ''[[Santa Claus Conquers the Martians]]'' or [[Santa Claus (1959 film)|''Santa Claus'' (1959 film)]] to GA because of my MST3K love. So those could be a good start. '''''[[User:Taylor Trescott|Taylor Trescott]]''''' - [[User talk:Taylor Trescott|my talk]] + [[Special:Contributions/Taylor Trescott|my edits]] 01:32, 10 November 2013 (UTC)
::::I'd quite like to give [[Merry Xmas Everybody]] a go, since the song is more or less as old as me. The article is a former FA nom, but looking at the sources I wouldn't even pass it through GA at present.
::::Expansion : [[Bernard and the Genie]], [[Mikulás]]
::::Retrofit with sources and take to GA : [[Dongzhi Festival]], [[Saint Nicholas Day]], [[Sinterklaas]] (I'm thinking of [[User:Drmies|Drmies]] specifically for that last one) [[User:Ritchie333|'''Ritchie333''']] [[User talk:Ritchie333|(talk)]] [[Special:Contributions/Ritchie333|(cont)]] 10:22, 12 November 2013 (UTC)
:I'll see if I get the time and motivation to write an article or more related to Christmas in Norway. A suggestion for others, with knowledge in German/music interest: the song [[Ich steh' an deiner Krippen hier]] by [[Paul Gerhardt]] and [[J.S. Bach]]. Possible sources: [http://www.sonntagsblatt-bayern.de/news/aktuell/2008_51_01_02.htm one], [http://www.liederlexikon.de/lieder/ich_steh_an_deiner_krippen_hier two]. Regards, [[User:Iselilja|Iselilja]] ([[User talk:Iselilja|talk]]) 23:18, 13 November 2013 (UTC)
:[[User:Miyagawa|Miyagawa]] - I like your enthusiasm. Annual DYK special occasion projects should have a dedicated DYK project subpage, like [[Wikipedia:April Fool's Main Page/Did You Know]]. You can find many Christmas ones via [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&profile=advanced&search=intitle%3Achristmas&fulltext=Search&ns4=1&redirs=1&profile=advanced this search]. In view of [[Wikipedia:Did you know/Christmas 2012]], perhaps a [[Wikipedia:Did you know/Christmas 2013]] can be started and modeled after [[Wikipedia:April Fool's Main Page/Did You Know]]. -- [[User:Jreferee|Jreferee]] ([[User talk:Jreferee|talk]]) 14:37, 15 November 2013 (UTC)
::Thanks! Perhaps it might be a good idea to set up an index page. Because right now we have the April Fools one, then we also have the WW1 one at the moment, and Christmas would make three. Mind you - I wouldn't be seeking to extend the one month prior to the date rule for Christmas as I think it'd be unlikely that Christmas articles would get created throughout the rest of the year - with the exception of Christmas in July, of course. It might also be helpful to arrange to specific sporting events, such as the bi-annual Olympics rush. I'll think up a proposal and set it out in a new section. [[User:Miyagawa|Miyagawa]] ([[User talk:Miyagawa|talk]]) 13:19, 18 November 2013 (UTC)
::I may attempt to DYK some of the smaller articles. Thanks, [[User:Matty.007|Mat]][[User talk:Matty.007|ty]].[[Special:Contributions/Matty.007|007]] 12:35, 17 November 2013 (UTC)
:::Oh yes we do need a temporary project page divided into the obvious 3 days of xmas. We need to decide if this one month before rule is strict as I have 2 or 3 already in the list that are identified as xmas'y. Is someone going to kick this off? Thanks to @Miyagawa for raising the subject [[User:Victuallers|Victuallers]] ([[User talk:Victuallers|talk]]) 08:52, 22 November 2013 (UTC)

== New rule proposal ==

It seems that there should be some sort of rule regarding commercial subjects. I have nominated books on their release dates, tv shows for their premier dates, movies for their premier dates and albums on their release dates at DYK. Each time there has been all kinds of confusion on what is appropriate. In most cases after timeconsuming debate, I have been able to convince people that if the hook is not promotional of the subject it is appropriate. Most recently, the hook did not run on the desired date due to this concern. Can I or someone else write a rule so that we can refer to it in the future?--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|T]] / [[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|C]] / [[WP:FOUR]] / [[WP:CHICAGO]] / [[WP:WAWARD]]) 17:49, 11 November 2013 (UTC)
:Since the special occasion holding area is one of three Nominations subsections, I added [[Wikipedia:Did_you_know#Date_requests|a special occasion subsection]] to Wikipedia:Did you know.[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Did_you_know&diff=prev&oldid=581771073] The top of that page notes: "The DYK section publicizes new or expanded articles after an informal review. This publicity rewards editors for their contributions." The factors I listed in the special occasion subsection generally are based on that. The one reading "bringing additional publicity to the new or expanded article is more important than the additional publicity brought to the article subject" is meant to address your concern above. Obviously, the text can be modified. -- [[User:Jreferee|Jreferee]] ([[User talk:Jreferee|talk]]) 13:59, 15 November 2013 (UTC)
::That rule does not really address the issue that has concerned reviewers and will not lessen the time wasted arguing about timely non-promotional hooks on commercial subjects. The guidance that is needed is something about how timeliness of the date request is an important element of the date request section and in cases where the subject is commercial in nature the reviewer is suppose to guide against hooks that are promotional, but not just commercial hooks that are timely. The confusion that I repeatedly have to expend energy explaining to reviewers is that reviewers think a timely commercial hook is prima facia promotional even if it does not present content that promotes the commercial content.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|T]] / [[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|C]] / [[WP:FOUR]] / [[WP:CHICAGO]] / [[WP:WAWARD]]) 19:38, 15 November 2013 (UTC)
:::[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] - It may be that reviewers in the past focused on the hook itself since there were rules for promotional hooks but no rules by which to additionally deal with the special occasion date request. Now that there is something on the Wikipedia:Did you know page that addresses special occasion date requests, nominators should be able focus more on whether an admin should list an approved hook on the date requested rather than mixing that with the separate hook review performed under [[Wikipedia:Did you know#The hook]]. I added to the section to address your concerns.[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3ADid_you_know&diff=582382764&oldid=581954635] -- [[User:Jreferee|Jreferee]] ([[User talk:Jreferee|talk]]) 15:28, 19 November 2013 (UTC)
::::Both items 2 and 3 in this section are now more a point of confusion than anything else. WTF does "whether the editor's contribution merits additional reward" (item 2) have to do with evaluating a hook. What is the additional reward that is being considered. Is having a DYK on the main page considered a reward and having it on a special day an extra reward. I have never even heard this logic in a DYK review and I have been involved in over 1000 of them. Reward? That word needs to be struck from the rule. We don't promote hooks as a reward as far as I know. Item 3 is stated in a way that is likely to lead to more time consuming debate rather than give timesaving guidance. The whole addition is written as if to preserve the right to have muddling timewasting debate on the same issues over and over. What we need is a statement that we evaluate whether the hook is promotional of the subject. That is always what the debate is about.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|T]] / [[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|C]] / [[WP:FOUR]] / [[WP:CHICAGO]] / [[WP:WAWARD]]) 16:51, 19 November 2013 (UTC)
:::::Evaluating whether the hook is promotional of the subject is covered by "The hook should be '''[[WP:NPOV|neutral]]'''" listed under [[Wikipedia:Did you know#The hook]]. Whether an admin should list the neutral/non-promotional hook on the date requested is what the special occasion section addresses. If a business etc. is running an advertising campaign to coincide with their special event, it is in Wikipedia's interest to not have its Main Page be made part of that external advertising campaign through a timed non-promotional hook posting on the Main Page. I revised old factor two to read "whether the editor's contribution merits listing the hook on the special occasion date" and then removed it. The present factor two is for editors like yourself so that your special date request should ordinarily be granted. That editor's 'contribution merits additional reward' information was there as of your 19:38, 15 November 2013 post above, so what's with the above WTF comment four days later?[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_talk%3ADid_you_know&diff=582393858&oldid=582383478] -- [[User:Jreferee|Jreferee]] ([[User talk:Jreferee|talk]]) 13:34, 20 November 2013 (UTC)
::::::You speak as if you feel that being neutral and non-promotional are the same thing. The problem is that inexperienced reviewers feel that if a hook mentions a commercial item it is promotional. Let's take as an example a very simple statement about a commercial item. Let's suppose a fictional song is going to be released commercially and the commercial version of the song is twelve minutes long. This is an extremely long single and a hook could say something like. "...that "song X" has a listed running time of 12 minutes and 22 seconds, making it the longest single Famous Records (or Famous Band) has ever distributed for airplay." That is an NPOV hook. It is an objective statement of fact. It does not even mention the fact that there is an impending release date for the single or a current ad campaign for its release. However, since the subject is a commercial product many reviewers would say this is promotional. Since it is not publicizing the impending release or current ad campaign it is not promotional (or at least the majority of my DYK reviewers have agreed on this type of subject that it is merely an intriguing fact about a record). Your statement above "If a business etc. is running an advertising campaign to coincide with their special event, it is in Wikipedia's interest to not have its Main Page be made part of that external advertising campaign through a timed non-promotional hook posting on the Main Page." is true but the majority of DYK reviewers in my experience have felt a hook like the one above is not making the main page "part of that external advertising campaign", which is where the rub is here. It took you four days to respond to this discussion, what is wrong with me taking four days to correct you?--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|T]] / [[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|C]] / [[WP:FOUR]] / [[WP:CHICAGO]] / [[WP:WAWARD]]) 15:44, 20 November 2013 (UTC)
::::::: [[User:TonyTheTiger|T]] - I'm sorry it took me four days to respond to the discussion. (Feel free to ping me in the future.) Listing on the special occasion date is a way to get additional click throughs from the Main Page to the article so that more people read the article (and people reading what Wikipedia publishes is the point of writing an encyclopedia). Editors such as yourself should not be having the problems you mentioned getting your special occasion hook on the Main Page since your goal is to get more people to read the nominated article. I thought reviewing "whether the editor's contribution merits listing the hook on the special occasion date" would be able to help you out, but realized it does not address the promotional issue directly. Writing rule language to cover all situation is not easy and will improve over time as DYK reviewers address future special occasion request. I feel that a hook being neutral and non-promotional essentially are the same thing. Since new-reviewers are not treating it as the same, I added language in the special occasion section to address it.[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3ADid_you_know&diff=582809865&oldid=582521750] If the special occasion section needs additional/different language, please let me know. -- [[User:Jreferee|Jreferee]] ([[User talk:Jreferee|talk]]) 12:50, 22 November 2013 (UTC)
::::::::{{u|Jreferee}}, the phrase "mentioning the commercial item or business on the Main Page through the hook is not promotional of that item or business" is moving in the right direction. I would add the phrase "in and of itself", "prima facia", or "per se". Furthermore, I would encourage you to remove discussion about rewarding WP with date requests. Timely hooks are a service to WP and not the editors. They make WP look good not the editors.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|T]] / [[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|C]] / [[WP:FOUR]] / [[WP:CHICAGO]] / [[WP:WAWARD]]) 04:35, 23 November 2013 (UTC)
:::::::::{{u|TonyTheTiger}} - Revised and trimmed some more. -- [[User:Jreferee|Jreferee]] ([[User talk:Jreferee|talk]]) 06:22, 23 November 2013 (UTC)
::::::::::{{u|Jreferee}}, I would change "in and of itself is not promotional of that item or business" to "is not promotional in and of itself", but that is really still going to be confusing. First this should be in a section called date requests rather than special occasion because not all date requests are for special occasions. Also, reviewers like to say, I am failing this for WP:DYK 3b or WP:DYKSG D4. Having this extra prose off in the corner somewhere is not really going to be helpful. What would be most help for us to have a set of itemized items of consideration for date requests formatted in a sort of bullet listed format like most of the other rules that are easy for reviewers to cite.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|T]] / [[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|C]] / [[WP:FOUR]] / [[WP:CHICAGO]] / [[WP:WAWARD]]) 07:23, 23 November 2013 (UTC)
:::::::::::{{u|TonyTheTiger}} - I made some changes. That phrase may read better as "is not, by itself, promotional of that item or business." The items can be cited as WP:DYK DR1, WP:DYK DR2, etc. -- [[User:Jreferee|Jreferee]] ([[User talk:Jreferee|talk]]) 07:44, 23 November 2013 (UTC)
::::::::::::{{u|Jreferee}} I don't understand 2. 3 & 4 seem redundant.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|T]] / [[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|C]] / [[WP:FOUR]] / [[WP:CHICAGO]] / [[WP:WAWARD]]) 08:14, 23 November 2013 (UTC){{Outdent}}
:{{u|TonyTheTiger}} - I revised 2. 4. only covers commercial items or business subjects + promotional. 3. is a more general statement for all subjects + non-neutral. -- [[User:Jreferee|Jreferee]] ([[User talk:Jreferee|talk]]) 08:28, 23 November 2013 (UTC)
::{{u|Jreferee}} Since I don't understand rule 2 please provide a sample fictional hook that would violate 2. Also, provide an example that would violate 3 that is not already covered by the standard NPOV rule WP:DYK EC4.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|T]] / [[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|C]] / [[WP:FOUR]] / [[WP:CHICAGO]] / [[WP:WAWARD]]) 13:52, 23 November 2013 (UTC)
:::{{u|TonyTheTiger}} - Rule 3 and 4 are not so much for reviewers to cite, but a way to lessen confusion on what is and is not appropriate to help focus the discussion on whether an admin should list a hook on the date requested. Rule 3 is more of a catch all. Rule 2 is a measure by which reviewers can indicted whether an admin should list a hook on the date requested. Without rule 2, that would leave a situation where an admin should list a hook on the date requested if the hook is not promotional of the subject. That would not allow reviewers to take into account the effect of listing a hook on the Main Page on the date requested. If you have an alternate wording to Rule 2, please post. I think the Date requests section is a reasonable framework that reviewers can apply. In applying it, it will be improved like all the other sections. There has been no input to this change to Wikipedia:Did you know other than you and myself. It may be worth it to open a new thread at the bottom of this page to receive additional input. -- [[User:Jreferee|Jreferee]] ([[User talk:Jreferee|talk]]) 14:25, 23 November 2013 (UTC)
::::{{u|Jreferee}}, I now see what 2 is saying. It is saying we hope to expose [[Subject X]] rather than promote Subject X. The tone of the listed items differs greatly from the rest of the page. Let's try this. 1. Change "The editor's contribution" to "article". Reconsider my fictional hook above "...that "song X" has a listed running time of 12 minutes and 22 seconds, making it the longest single Famous Records (or Famous Band) has ever distributed for airplay." Then reexamine rule 2. I don't see how rule 2 will help to avert lots of timewasting back and forth on hooks like this. The may even preserve the right to argue about hooks like this. You still have not explained item 3 in any way that helps me understand an example of how it would apply. Please show me an example of how it would apply. Rule 4 "For hooks that mention a commercial item or a business where the nominator requests that the hook be listed to coincide with a requested date, mentioning the commercial item or business on the Main Page through the hook is not promotional in and of itself of that item or business." is way to long. Try "For hooks that mention a commercial item or a business<s> where the nominator requests that the hook be listed to coincide with a requested date, mentioning the commercial item or business on the Main Page through</s> the hook is not promotional in and of itself of that item or business."--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|T]] / [[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|C]] / [[WP:FOUR]] / [[WP:CHICAGO]] / [[WP:WAWARD]]) 16:05, 23 November 2013 (UTC)
:::::{{u|TonyTheTiger}} I made more revisions. For Rule 2, is the hook reviewer aware of something outside of Wikipedia to promote the subject on the requested date? In addition to that, there may be a variety of other circumstances that the reviewer needs to consider when indicating whether an admin should list the hook on the date requested. Some people maintain the position that paid editing is OK. Most do not. What standard is the hook reviewer to apply in that situation? There likely is a variety of other situation. Even if the hook is neutral and non-promotional, does listing the hook on the date requested primarily bring attention to the article. Even if listing the hook on the date requested brings attention to the article subject, that is fine as long as listing the hook on the date requested primarily bring attention to the article and secondarily brings attention to the article subject. If listing the hook on the date requested primarily bring attention to the article subject and secondarily brings attention to the article itself, then it should not be listed on the requested date, but can be listed outside of that date if the hook meets the general hook requirements. [[WP:COI]] provides a similar balance consideration is "advancing outside interests is more important to an editor than advancing the aims of Wikipedia." As for examples, please provide a link to the discussion where the hook did not run on the desired date due and other hook requested dates you know of and we can run through each of the rules to see how they apply to those past situations and revise accordingly. -- [[User:Jreferee|Jreferee]] ([[User talk:Jreferee|talk]]) 17:19, 23 November 2013 (UTC)
::::::{{u|Jreferee}} Why is this written as if only admins move hooks to the prep areas? You should probably remove admin references. [[Wikipedia_talk:Did_you_know/Archive_98#Should_the_hook_on_Template:Did_you_know_nominations.2FThe_Marshall_Mathers_LP_2_be_promoted_on_Prep_3_today.3F|example 1]] is the last controversial date request. This one was passively denied. Do you need me to provide a bunch of other examples?--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|T]] / [[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|C]] / [[WP:FOUR]] / [[WP:CHICAGO]] / [[WP:WAWARD]]) 17:27, 23 November 2013 (UTC)
:::::::{{u|TonyTheTiger}} I made the revision. Yes, the example helps a lot, please provide a bunch of other examples, particularly the ones with detailed discussion on a date request (whether approved or not approved). The concern in example 1 above was the giving the appearance that someone is using Wikipedia's MainPage for "frontpage advertising" to promote commercial products, esp. on the first day the product is available for purchase. There probably is no way to overcome that since the person reading the main page likely won't be aware of how DYK operates. However, if an editor not connected with DYK would read the front page and then come to DYK and make such a complaint, the reply to such a complaint is to link to the nomination discussion and let them see for themselves that the issue was already considered now that the rules list a date request consideration separate from the hook consideration. Also, the new requested date section should help with deciding to move such hooks to the main page on the date requested. It's obvious that the main purpose of saving the hook for the November 5 (album release date) was to bring attention to the new or expanded article rather than the article subject. Muboshgu agreed with you. There was a discussion (so no need for a discussion on WT:DYK as requested on the bottom of [[Template:Did you know nominations/The Marshall Mathers LP 2]]). The date requested discussion did not stand out on the nomination page because it was not separately considered. I revised Rule 2 some what. -- [[User:Jreferee|Jreferee]] ([[User talk:Jreferee|talk]]) 18:27, 23 November 2013 (UTC)
{{od}}I am not sure how easy it is going to be to dig these up. Here is one about a movie on its release date: [[Template:Did you know nominations/In a World...]]. More to come.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|T]] / [[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|C]] / [[WP:FOUR]] / [[WP:CHICAGO]] / [[WP:WAWARD]]) 06:03, 24 November 2013 (UTC)
:Here is one about a book on its release date: [[Template:Did you know nominations/The Litigators]].--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|T]] / [[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|C]] / [[WP:FOUR]] / [[WP:CHICAGO]] / [[WP:WAWARD]]) 06:09, 24 November 2013 (UTC)
::IIRC, I tried to make a late date request for the debut of this documentary on the talk page and it got ignored. [[Template:Did you know nominations/Benji (2012 film)]].--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|T]] / [[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|C]] / [[WP:FOUR]] / [[WP:CHICAGO]] / [[WP:WAWARD]]) 06:19, 24 November 2013 (UTC)
:::{{u|Jreferee}}, I have dug from my 500th DYK about 2 years ago to present. Will it really benefit us if I keep digging?--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|T]] / [[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|C]] / [[WP:FOUR]] / [[WP:CHICAGO]] / [[WP:WAWARD]]) 06:19, 24 November 2013 (UTC)
::::I think in some cases the date request element of the discussion occurred on the article talk or at DYK talk (like the first example above). I don't think I will find them all looking through the DYK discussion pages. I think there was one regarding my Tony nominees last summer on the DYK talk page.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|T]] / [[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|C]] / [[WP:FOUR]] / [[WP:CHICAGO]] / [[WP:WAWARD]]) 06:19, 24 November 2013 (UTC)
:::::That looks to be enough examples. From [[Template:Did you know nominations/In a World...]]: "timing articles to coincide with commercial releases of movies, recordings, books, etc.: it feels too much like advertising, I'd let this one run whenever it gets picked", see [[Wikipedia:Did you know/Supplementary guidelines#F10|F10]] (linking to [[WP:NOTADVERTISING]], "run several days after the premiere or before then, otherwise it would be too easy to level claims of advertising at DYK," "consensus seems to be that having something on the main page when it is in the news (even when it is about a popular culture topic) is not advertising in and of itself." From [[Template:Did you know nominations/The Litigators]]: "will look like an advertisement if it gets featured on the front page" (Original hook read "that The Litigators is the ''upcoming'' John Grisham novel ...), "As long as there isn't much emphasis on the newness, it seems okay to me" (hook then was changed), "Getting there, but too much emphasis on the date" (All timing references were removed from hook and Alt5 approved). -- [[User:Jreferee|Jreferee]] ([[User talk:Jreferee|talk]]) 09:06, 24 November 2013 (UTC)
::::::{{u|TonyTheTiger}} - I made more revisions.[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3ADid_you_know&diff=583071031&oldid=582981441] From the above, it looks like the main concern is the appearance or giving perception of using the Main Page for advertising, especially on the first day the item is available for purchase, which we discussed above. There are 12,000,000[http://stats.grok.se/en/latest/Main_Page] daily Main Page views, and you can't make everyone happy. However, consensus is that having something on the main page when it is in the news (even when it is about a popular culture topic) is not promotion of the item in and of itself. The hook probably should not include language that increases a likelihood of a Main Page reader's perception of the hook being promotional. For example, if the article is about a something new that is going to be introduced to people on a particular date, then having a timing reference in the hook (such as "upcoming", "released on October 25") relative to that introduction date may raise reviewer concern that Main Page readers might perceive the hook is on the Main Page to bring attention to the article subject and level claims of advertising at DYK. I changed rule DR2 to read "The hook should not put emphasis on a commercial release date of the article subject." -- [[User:Jreferee|Jreferee]] ([[User talk:Jreferee|talk]]) 09:15, 24 November 2013 (UTC)
{{od}}I am going to have to dig for the stuff about the [[Tony Awards]] from last summer. I wanted hooks about best play/musical and best actor/actress nominees to run at the time the Tony Awards was being broadcast nationally. I will dig through the DYK talk pages and find those threads. There were two or three, IIRC. I'll get back to you later.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|T]] / [[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|C]] / [[WP:FOUR]] / [[WP:CHICAGO]] / [[WP:WAWARD]]) 14:51, 24 November 2013 (UTC)
*Having reviewed [[Wikipedia_talk:Did_you_know/Archive_93]], I see that I misremembered the issues on that date.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|T]] / [[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|C]] / [[WP:FOUR]] / [[WP:CHICAGO]] / [[WP:WAWARD]]) 19:00, 24 November 2013 (UTC)
**Actually, going from memory, there was a discussion about whether the now-deleted former main image of ''[[Lucky Guy (play)]]'' (of [[Tom Hanks]]) should be used on the main page at the time the [[67th Tony Awards]] were being broadcast. I can't find that discussion right now.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|T]] / [[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|C]] / [[WP:FOUR]] / [[WP:CHICAGO]] / [[WP:WAWARD]]) 19:13, 24 November 2013 (UTC)
***{{u|Jreferee}} although I can't find the discussion, can you comment on whether using an image of [[Tom Hanks]] as the lead image would count as promoting a television show.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|T]] / [[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|C]] / [[WP:FOUR]] / [[WP:CHICAGO]] / [[WP:WAWARD]]) 15:08, 27 November 2013 (UTC)

== Suggestion for new DYK control page ==

With the number of nominations at T:TDYK these days, it is becoming increasingly difficult to track down the approved noms in order to put an update together. A while back, one user wrote a bot that copied approved nominations to a separate page where updaters could select nominations, but it broke when nomination discussions went to their own separate pages and were only transcluded onto the main nominations page.

I'm still inclined to the view that a page for approved nominations would be useful, not only because it would make the job easier for updaters, but also because it would centralize all approved nominations in one place for administrators and other users interested in quality control to check these noms before they went to prep. Anyone have an opinion on this? [[User:Gatoclass|Gatoclass]] ([[User talk:Gatoclass|talk]]) 08:31, 20 November 2013 (UTC)
:Logical and efficient. Especially if such a bot didn't just copy an approved nom to a separate page, but completely moved it to a separate page, thereby cleaning up the unapproved nominations that any potential reviewer has to scroll through. [[User:Maile66|— Maile ]] ([[User talk:Maile66|talk]]) 14:30, 21 November 2013 (UTC)

== DYK is almost overdue ==

In less than two hours [[Template:Did you know|Did you know]] will need to be updated, however the '''[[Template:Did you know/Queue/3|next queue]]''' either has no hooks or has not been approved by an administrator. It would be much appreciated if an administrator would take the time to ensure that DYK is updated on time by following these instructions:
# Check the '''[[Template:Did you know/Preparation area 1|prep areas]]'''; if there are between 6-10 hooks on the page then it is probably good to go. If not move approved hooks from the '''[[Template talk:Did you know|suggestions page]]''' and add them and the credits as required.
# Once completed edit '''[[Template:Did you know/Queue/3|queue #3]]''' and replace the page with the entire content from the next update
# Add <nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Template:DYKbotdo|DYKbotdo]]<nowiki>|~~~}}</nowiki> to the top of the queue and save the page
Then, when the time is right I will be able to update the template.
Thanks and have a good day, [[User:DYKUpdateBot|DYKUpdateBot]] ([[User talk:DYKUpdateBot|talk]]) 14:07, 21 November 2013 (UTC)

== DYK is almost overdue ==

In less than two hours [[Template:Did you know|Did you know]] will need to be updated, however the '''[[Template:Did you know/Queue/4|next queue]]''' either has no hooks or has not been approved by an administrator. It would be much appreciated if an administrator would take the time to ensure that DYK is updated on time by following these instructions:
# Check the '''[[Template:Did you know/Preparation area 1|prep areas]]'''; if there are between 6-10 hooks on the page then it is probably good to go. If not move approved hooks from the '''[[Template talk:Did you know|suggestions page]]''' and add them and the credits as required.
# Once completed edit '''[[Template:Did you know/Queue/4|queue #4]]''' and replace the page with the entire content from the next update
# Add <nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Template:DYKbotdo|DYKbotdo]]<nowiki>|~~~}}</nowiki> to the top of the queue and save the page
Then, when the time is right I will be able to update the template.
Thanks and have a good day, [[User:DYKUpdateBot|DYKUpdateBot]] ([[User talk:DYKUpdateBot|talk]]) 22:06, 21 November 2013 (UTC)

== DYK is almost overdue ==

In less than two hours [[Template:Did you know|Did you know]] will need to be updated, however the '''[[Template:Did you know/Queue/5|next queue]]''' either has no hooks or has not been approved by an administrator. It would be much appreciated if an administrator would take the time to ensure that DYK is updated on time by following these instructions:
# Check the '''[[Template:Did you know/Preparation area 1|prep areas]]'''; if there are between 6-10 hooks on the page then it is probably good to go. If not move approved hooks from the '''[[Template talk:Did you know|suggestions page]]''' and add them and the credits as required.
# Once completed edit '''[[Template:Did you know/Queue/5|queue #5]]''' and replace the page with the entire content from the next update
# Add <nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Template:DYKbotdo|DYKbotdo]]<nowiki>|~~~}}</nowiki> to the top of the queue and save the page
Then, when the time is right I will be able to update the template.
Thanks and have a good day, [[User:DYKUpdateBot|DYKUpdateBot]] ([[User talk:DYKUpdateBot|talk]]) 06:05, 22 November 2013 (UTC)

: I have put together an update, but it was two hours late, where is everybody these days? We could still use a couple of additional updates BTW. [[User:Gatoclass|Gatoclass]] ([[User talk:Gatoclass|talk]]) 10:26, 22 November 2013 (UTC)
:: Thank you Cwmhiraeth for stepping up to the plate with a couple of updates, that's roughly the next 20 hours or so accounted for. [[User:Gatoclass|Gatoclass]] ([[User talk:Gatoclass|talk]]) 12:33, 22 November 2013 (UTC)
:::Since I am having nominations appear, would it be a COI for me to move them to the queue? [[User:Graeme Bartlett|Graeme Bartlett]] ([[User talk:Graeme Bartlett|talk]]) 21:57, 22 November 2013 (UTC)

:::: You mean there's an article you wrote or nominated in prep and you want to move it to the queue? I don't think that would be considered a COI, unless you were moving it to a more prominent position in the update or something. It wouldn't be considered best practice, because admins moving updates to the queue are supposed to quickly review them and you may not be entirely objective about your own nom, but I've probably done the same myself on occasion and I don't think there is anything in the rules which specifically disallow it. [[User:Gatoclass|Gatoclass]] ([[User talk:Gatoclass|talk]]) 02:21, 23 November 2013 (UTC)
:::::well now the next prep area is not ready. [[User:Graeme Bartlett|Graeme Bartlett]] ([[User talk:Graeme Bartlett|talk]]) 11:07, 23 November 2013 (UTC)

== ''Doctor Who'' DYK ==

Hi, I've nominated a recently passed GA – the ''Doctor Who'' episode ''[[City of Death]]''. I realize this is short notice, but could anyone review this quickly so it could be inserted in tomorrow's queue in time for the 50th anniversary? The nomination page is [[Template:Did you know nominations/City of Death‎|here]]. Thanks! '''[[User:Ruby2010|Ruby]]''' [[User talk:Ruby2010|2010/]][[Special:Contributions/Ruby2010|2013]] 15:30, 22 November 2013 (UTC)

*It's now in a prep area for tomorrow morning. [[User:BlueMoonset|BlueMoonset]] ([[User talk:BlueMoonset|talk]]) 21:55, 22 November 2013 (UTC)
**That's good, two Who DYKs tomorrow; I nominated one too... Thanks, [[User:Matty.007|Mat]][[User talk:Matty.007|ty]].[[Special:Contributions/Matty.007|007]] 22:06, 22 November 2013 (UTC)

== DYK is almost overdue ==

In less than two hours [[Template:Did you know|Did you know]] will need to be updated, however the '''[[Template:Did you know/Queue/2|next queue]]''' either has no hooks or has not been approved by an administrator. It would be much appreciated if an administrator would take the time to ensure that DYK is updated on time by following these instructions:
# Check the '''[[Template:Did you know/Preparation area 1|prep areas]]'''; if there are between 6-10 hooks on the page then it is probably good to go. If not move approved hooks from the '''[[Template talk:Did you know|suggestions page]]''' and add them and the credits as required.
# Once completed edit '''[[Template:Did you know/Queue/2|queue #2]]''' and replace the page with the entire content from the next update
# Add <nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Template:DYKbotdo|DYKbotdo]]<nowiki>|~~~}}</nowiki> to the top of the queue and save the page
Then, when the time is right I will be able to update the template.
Thanks and have a good day, [[User:DYKUpdateBot|DYKUpdateBot]] ([[User talk:DYKUpdateBot|talk]]) 07:35, 23 November 2013 (UTC)

== Validity of my 5x expansion ==

On 10 November 2013 I removed a large portion of unreferenced (and possibly cut-and-paste) material from [[India Buildings]], then re-wrote the article almost completely, using a variety of reliable sources. It was well over a 5x expansion from what had been left, and I considered that this would reasonably satisfy the rules for DYK. With my nomination on 11 November I explained what had happened. The correctness of this has been questioned (but also supported) [[User talk:Peter I. Vardy#DYK|here]], and it was suggested that I raised the question in this forum. IMO my nomination is valid as a 5x expansion. Does it fit the rules? --[[User:Peter I. Vardy|Peter I. Vardy]] ([[User talk:Peter I. Vardy|talk]]) 13:36, 23 November 2013 (UTC)
:I've found the source of the unreferenced material ... it's lifted straight from a blog post (see [http://waynecolquhoun.blogspot.co.uk/2010_11_01_archive.html here]) dated November 2010, and so would count as a copyvio as well as merely being unreferenced. On this basis, according to [[Wikipedia:Did you know/Supplementary guidelines#Supplementary article length rules|Supplementary article length rule A4]], I believe this is a valid expansion. [[User:Hassocks5489|Hassocks]][[User talk:Hassocks5489|5489 (Floreat Hova!)]] 14:09, 23 November 2013 (UTC)
::I agree that [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=India_Buildings&diff=581044701&oldid=571945301 this edit] removed copyvio, so this is a valid expansion. -- [[User:Jreferee|Jreferee]] ([[User talk:Jreferee|talk]]) 15:55, 23 November 2013 (UTC)
:::Thanks for the reassurance - I had not spotted it was a copyvio. As it is this 5x is within our existing practices. Thanks Peter (et al) [[User:Victuallers|Victuallers]] ([[User talk:Victuallers|talk]]) 16:03, 23 November 2013 (UTC)
:The rule appear very clear that the only exception from the five-fold expansion rule is material that has been removed as copyvio. Has it ever been considered to also make an exception for material that is removed as confirmed sockpuppet edits? Regards, [[User:Iselilja|Iselilja]] ([[User talk:Iselilja|talk]]) 16:05, 23 November 2013 (UTC)

== Allow template editors to edit queues? ==

That way, we won't be facing further overdue messages. --[[User:George Ho|George Ho]] ([[User talk:George Ho|talk]]) 22:19, 23 November 2013 (UTC)
:As has been pointed out many times, because queues are automatically shipped to the main page, it's a bad idea to let anyone other than an admin edit queues. [[User:BlueMoonset|BlueMoonset]] ([[User talk:BlueMoonset|talk]]) 02:44, 24 November 2013 (UTC)
::Once, I believe. Template editors have a stringent set of requirements to be granted the right, and misusing the right will lead to serious consequences. "If you use this right for anything even vaguely resembling vandalism, '''you will be blocked immediately.'''", "Even if it's all a misunderstanding, '''you may lose your template-editor privileges nonetheless''', if you're found to have behaved recklessly or erratically." and "'''any administrator reserves the right to remove your template-editing access summarily and without warning''', even for a first offense" seem to give adequate warning.--[[User:Gilderien|Gilderien]] [[User talk:Gilderien|Chat]]|[[Special:Contributions/Gilderien|List of good deeds]] 00:09, 25 November 2013 (UTC)

== Too many overdues? ==

What gives? If we can't do typical 00:00, 08:00, and 16:00 on time, and if we can't lower down from three sets to two, perhaps we already have a list of older nominations above. And we can advertise a need of more reviewers. --[[User:George Ho|George Ho]] ([[User talk:George Ho|talk]]) 22:21, 23 November 2013 (UTC)
:Maybe everyone is out doing Xmas shopping or something....[[User:Casliber|Cas Liber]] ([[User talk:Casliber|talk]] '''·''' [[Special:Contributions/Casliber|contribs]]) 02:03, 24 November 2013 (UTC)
::It only takes a single late queue to put the queue times out of whack for days, since they move back to the proper time at the rate of 15 minutes per promotion to the main page. Four more promotions and we'll be back to the typical timing. [[User:BlueMoonset|BlueMoonset]] ([[User talk:BlueMoonset|talk]]) 02:44, 24 November 2013 (UTC)
:::I've started loading preps but have RL chores to run off to. If someone can finish that'd be great. [[User:Casliber|Cas Liber]] ([[User talk:Casliber|talk]] '''·''' [[Special:Contributions/Casliber|contribs]]) 10:50, 24 November 2013 (UTC)
:::: Will there be any more overdues on Thanskgiving week? [[User:George Ho|George Ho]] ([[User talk:George Ho|talk]]) 22:47, 24 November 2013 (UTC)
::::I've done another couple of sets, if a friendly admin can move them to the queues? Quirky hooks are needed for the last items.--[[User:Gilderien|Gilderien]] [[User talk:Gilderien|Chat]]|[[Special:Contributions/Gilderien|List of good deeds]] 00:41, 25 November 2013 (UTC)
::::: There are 200+ nominations remaining, including 15 verified. [[User:George Ho|George Ho]] ([[User talk:George Ho|talk]]) 00:16, 26 November 2013 (UTC)

== Old nominations needing DYK reviewers ==

The last list has been almost used up, so I've compiled a new set of three dozen nominations that need reviewing. At the moment, we have 224 total nominations, of which only 34 are approved. Thanks as always for your reviews.

*October 9: [[Template:Did you know nominations/René Moncada]]
*<s>October 12: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Hasan Fehmi (Ataç)]]</s>
*<s>October 20: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Baltimore mayoral election, 1999]]</s>
*October 25: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Canada Fitness Award Program]]
*October 25: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Greater Poland Civil War]]
*October 27: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Patent misuse]]
*<s>October 28: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Associated Press v. Meltwater]]</s>
*October 28: [[Template:Did you know nominations/In re Zappos.com, Inc., Customer Data Security Breach Litigation]]
*<s>October 29: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Abhizeet Asom]]</s>
*October 30:<s> [[Template:Did you know nominations/Smilja Avramov]]</s>
*October 31: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Tim Yap]]
*<s>October 31: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Kalmashapada]]</s>
*October 31: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Dobrilovina Monastery]]
*<s>November 1: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Epsom General Hospital]]</s>
*November 1: <s>[[Template:Did you know nominations/Slim Newton]]</s>
*<s>November 1: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Columbia Pictures, Inc. v. Fung]]</s>
*<s>November 2: [[Template:Did you know nominations/2005 Coca-Cola 600]]</s>
*November 2: [[Template:Did you know nominations/William Hastie]]
*November 3: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Geoffrey Prime]]
*November 3: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Soekarno: Indonesia Merdeka]]
*November 3: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Violence against doctors in China]]
*November 4: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Steve Lazarides]]
*November 4: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Kosovo Myth]]
*November 5: [[Template:Did you know nominations/No More Hell to Pay]]
*November 6: <s>[[Template:Did you know nominations/Muzaka family]]</s>
*November 6: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Elizabeth (BioShock)]]
*<s>November 6: [[Template:Did you know nominations/The Kongouro from New Holland]]</s>
*November 6: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Tao Porchon-Lynch]]
*November 6: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Neighbours: The Explosion]]
*November 7: <s>[[Template:Did you know nominations/Emil Fuchs (artist)]]</s>
*<s>November 7: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Walt Singer and North African World Series]] </s>
*<s>November 7: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Glenn Frank]]
*November 8: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Chelsea Bun House]]</s>
*November 8: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Abdi Warsame]]
*November 8: [[Template:Did you know nominations/David Ong]]
*<s>November 8: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Afghan diaspora]]</s>

Please remember to cross off entries as you finish reviewing them (unless you're asking for further review), even if the review was not an approval. Many thanks! [[User:BlueMoonset|BlueMoonset]] ([[User talk:BlueMoonset|talk]]) 02:39, 24 November 2013 (UTC)

== Queen Victoria and Edward VII ==

[[User:PFHLai|PFHLai]], would it be possible to change "[[Queen Victoria]] and [[Edward VII]]" into "[[Queen Victoria]] and [[Edward VII|King Edward VII]]" in [[:Template:Did you know/Preparation area 2|Preparation area 2]]? It seems more natural. [[User:Surtsicna|Surtsicna]] ([[User talk:Surtsicna|talk]]) 13:14, 24 November 2013 (UTC)
:{{Done}}. :-) --[[User:PFHLai|PFHLai]] ([[User talk:PFHLai|talk]]) 13:18, 24 November 2013 (UTC)
: BTW, Surtsicna, please feel free to edit in the prep areas. Hooks are not locked until they get moved onto the queue templates. Cheers! --[[User:PFHLai|PFHLai]] ([[User talk:PFHLai|talk]]) 13:21, 24 November 2013 (UTC)
::Ah, thanks for the advice! I forgot I could do that myself. [[User:Surtsicna|Surtsicna]] ([[User talk:Surtsicna|talk]]) 15:45, 24 November 2013 (UTC)

== DYK is almost overdue ==

In less than two hours [[Template:Did you know|Did you know]] will need to be updated, however the '''[[Template:Did you know/Queue/1|next queue]]''' either has no hooks or has not been approved by an administrator. It would be much appreciated if an administrator would take the time to ensure that DYK is updated on time by following these instructions:
# Check the '''[[Template:Did you know/Preparation area 1|prep areas]]'''; if there are between 6-10 hooks on the page then it is probably good to go. If not move approved hooks from the '''[[Template talk:Did you know|suggestions page]]''' and add them and the credits as required.
# Once completed edit '''[[Template:Did you know/Queue/1|queue #1]]''' and replace the page with the entire content from the next update
# Add <nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Template:DYKbotdo|DYKbotdo]]<nowiki>|~~~}}</nowiki> to the top of the queue and save the page
Then, when the time is right I will be able to update the template.
Thanks and have a good day, [[User:DYKUpdateBot|DYKUpdateBot]] ([[User talk:DYKUpdateBot|talk]]) 22:20, 24 November 2013 (UTC)

== [[Wellington Suspension Bridge]] in Prep 4 ==

The [[Template:Did you know nominations/Wellington Suspension Bridge|nomination]] for [[Wellington Suspension Bridge]] is the last hook in {{prep|4}}; if I've worked it out correctly, it would be on the main page at midnight, UK time. Would it be at all possible to move it as it will be throughout the night and I wouldn't be able to see it on the main page or address any queries (although, hopefully there won't be any). I do appreciate this might not be possible. [[User:Sagaciousphil|SagaciousPhil]] - [[User Talk:Sagaciousphil|'''Chat''']] 08:50, 25 November 2013 (UTC)
:Thanks, Crisco has moved it. [[User:Sagaciousphil|SagaciousPhil]] - [[User Talk:Sagaciousphil|'''Chat''']] 11:55, 25 November 2013 (UTC)

== DYK is almost overdue ==

In less than two hours [[Template:Did you know|Did you know]] will need to be updated, however the '''[[Template:Did you know/Queue/5|next queue]]''' either has no hooks or has not been approved by an administrator. It would be much appreciated if an administrator would take the time to ensure that DYK is updated on time by following these instructions:
# Check the '''[[Template:Did you know/Preparation area 1|prep areas]]'''; if there are between 6-10 hooks on the page then it is probably good to go. If not move approved hooks from the '''[[Template talk:Did you know|suggestions page]]''' and add them and the credits as required.
# Once completed edit '''[[Template:Did you know/Queue/5|queue #5]]''' and replace the page with the entire content from the next update
# Add <nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Template:DYKbotdo|DYKbotdo]]<nowiki>|~~~}}</nowiki> to the top of the queue and save the page
Then, when the time is right I will be able to update the template.
Thanks and have a good day, [[User:DYKUpdateBot|DYKUpdateBot]] ([[User talk:DYKUpdateBot|talk]]) 06:05, 26 November 2013 (UTC)

== Proposal: Raise the minimum length of DYK articles ==

I've noticed that 1500 characters (the current minimum readable prose count) is really not enough. 1500 characters is barely two or three good paragraphs, in other words, kind of a stub. See [[User:King jakob c 2/1500 characters of readable prose]] if you don't believe me. Thus, I propose that the minimum length be raised to 2000 or 2500 characters, but I suppose all currently proposed hooks can be [[grandfathered in]] if this proposal is accepted. --[[User:King jakob c 2|Jakob]] ([[User talk:King jakob c 2|Scream about]] [[Special:Contributions/King jakob c 2|the things I've broken]]) 17:54, 26 November 2013 (UTC)

===Support raising length threshold to 2000 characters===

===Support raising length threshold to 2500 characters===
*This is what I'd personally recommend. --[[User:King jakob c 2|Jakob]] ([[User talk:King jakob c 2|Scream about]] [[Special:Contributions/King jakob c 2|the things I've broken]]) 17:54, 26 November 2013 (UTC)
*'''Support''' - I think the "quality over quantity" opposes are actually taking the ''opposite'' view -- they're assuming that the quantity of brevity=quality and that somehow more in-depth coverage =/= quality. It is a valid point that most new users don't write larger articles and thus would be "turned off" but, then again, most new editors don't write articles that comply with the litany of [[Wikipedia:Did you know/Supplementary guidelines|"unwritten rules"]] that DYKs have to comply with either. And we're kidding ourselves if we think DYK is still being used as a recruiting tool for new users. That boat started to pass us a couple years back with the rule creep and the GA invasion has only further pushed DYK away from its original ideals of rewarding new users for producing new content. The fact is that most DYKs are written by experience users and experience users ''should'' be able to write a fully referenced and well developed article on a topic of at least 2500 characters. [[User:Agne27 |Agne]][[Special:Contributions/Agne27|Cheese]]/[[User Talk:Agne27|Wine]] 16:35, 27 November 2013 (UTC)

===Support raising length threshold to some other amount (please specify)===

===Oppose===
*1500 characters can definitely be a non-stub article. Raising the limit will just encourage article bloat. Succinct, clear writing is something we should encourage not discourage. [[User:IronGargoyle|IronGargoyle]] ([[User talk:IronGargoyle|talk]]) 18:36, 26 November 2013 (UTC)
*IronGargoyle said that well. --[[User:Gerda Arendt|Gerda Arendt]] ([[User talk:Gerda Arendt|talk]]) 19:14, 26 November 2013 (UTC)
*I agree with {{U|IronGargoyle}}, in that it would not only encourage waffling in articles; but it would also put new editors off, just looking at [[Special:NewPagesFeed|the new pages feed]], not one relatively recent page would qualify for DYK; it may not sound like a massive increase, but it is still 30%/60% more than currently. [[User:Matty.007|Mat]][[User talk:Matty.007|ty]].[[Special:Contributions/Matty.007|007]] 19:26, 26 November 2013 (UTC)
*This is not a problem that needs solving. The current number is fine. But what is hard is getting the 5 times expansion. [[User:Graeme Bartlett|Graeme Bartlett]] ([[User talk:Graeme Bartlett|talk]]) 19:47, 26 November 2013 (UTC)
*It isn't broken, don't try to fix it. [[User:Manxruler|Manxruler]] ([[User talk:Manxruler|talk]]) 20:08, 26 November 2013 (UTC)
*I don't see anything wrong with the current length. '''''[[User:Taylor Trescott|Taylor Trescott]]''''' - [[User talk:Taylor Trescott#top|my talk]] + [[Special:Contributions/Taylor Trescott|my edits]] 20:10, 26 November 2013 (UTC)
* There are issues with DYK that need to be addressed, but I don't think this is one of them. Also, concur with IronGargoyle's comment. [[User:Gamaliel|Gamaliel]] ([[User talk:Gamaliel|talk]]) 20:18, 26 November 2013 (UTC)
* Oppose per others. But I would support adjusting the 5x rule for articles that are already relatively long, by adding a chars/words/bytesize element (eg say x5 or the addition of 15,000 characters). [[User:Johnbod|Johnbod]] ([[User talk:Johnbod|talk]]) 21:05, 26 November 2013 (UTC)
*'''Oppose''' a new topic can be adequately introduced in 1500 characters. Think of how many print encyclopedia entries are less than 1500 characters. We are quite spoiled by the depth that many articles achieve online.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|T]] / [[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|C]] / [[WP:FOUR]] / [[WP:CHICAGO]] / [[WP:WAWARD]]) 21:31, 26 November 2013 (UTC)
*'''Oppose''' – quality over quantity. It's better to have 1,500 characters of solid writing than adding an extra 1,000 characters just to meet the new minimum. —[[User:Bloom6132|Bloom6132]] ([[User talk:Bloom6132|talk]]) 05:27, 27 November 2013 (UTC)
*'''Oppose''' - The example of 1500 given by the OP fills the screen of my tablet nicely without scrolling and so is a good size for internet use. Wikipedia is an encyclopedia and so we prefer a terse, [[WP:SUMMARY|summary style]]. Less is more. [[User:Colonel Warden|Warden]] ([[User talk:Colonel Warden|talk]]) 08:42, 27 November 2013 (UTC)
*'''Oppose''' - 1500 is sufficient, plus there are several topics that are entitled to an article but because of limited sources it is a struggle to get them to 1500 as it is. Raising the threshold takes a lot of articles out of the chance to be seen on DYK and this is unfair in my view, especially for the new editors for whom DYK is initially intended for. '''[[User:The C of E|The C of E God Save the Queen!]]''' ([[User talk:The C of E|talk]]) 08:59, 27 November 2013 (UTC)
*'''Oppose''' I've written what I think are some pretty Damn good start-class articles in the range of 1700-2000 characters. Sometimes you can't reach 2500 on a newly notable subject within 5 days of creation. – [[User:Muboshgu|Muboshgu]] ([[User talk:Muboshgu#top|talk]]) 16:51, 27 November 2013 (UTC)
*'''Oppose''' - IronGargoyle sums it up well. [[User:Casliber|Cas Liber]] ([[User talk:Casliber|talk]] '''·''' [[Special:Contributions/Casliber|contribs]]) 03:24, 28 November 2013 (UTC)
*'''Oppose''', the key is quality, not quantity of text. 1500 is well enough. --[[User:Soman|Soman]] ([[User talk:Soman|talk]]) 04:27, 28 November 2013 (UTC)
*'''Oppose''' - 1500 characters of well written prose is worth more than 3000 of bloat. Not to mention that making the minimum 2500 characters would, effectively, block most lists from DYK. — [[User:Crisco 1492|Crisco 1492]] ([[User talk:Crisco 1492|talk]]) 23:08, 28 November 2013 (UTC)

===Discussion===
*I would be inclined to support this. I would also support to reduce the criteria for expansion to four-fold, with a minimum length. The articles that are expanded often cover more notable topics than new articles, and much of the old stuff tend to be rooted out in the expansion because it may be a mess, unsourced or similar. Regards, [[User:Iselilja|Iselilja]] ([[User talk:Iselilja|talk]]) 18:50, 26 November 2013 (UTC)

I would have supported this once but I'm not sure now. What I probably ''would'' support would be a reduction in the expansion requirement - I think x5 is way too much for larger articles, I think x3 is more than enough beyond a certain article size, I'm just not sure where exactly to set the limit. [[User:Gatoclass|Gatoclass]] ([[User talk:Gatoclass|talk]]) 15:54, 27 November 2013 (UTC)

== DYK is almost overdue ==

In less than two hours [[Template:Did you know|Did you know]] will need to be updated, however the '''[[Template:Did you know/Queue/1|next queue]]''' either has no hooks or has not been approved by an administrator. It would be much appreciated if an administrator would take the time to ensure that DYK is updated on time by following these instructions:
# Check the '''[[Template:Did you know/Preparation area 1|prep areas]]'''; if there are between 6-10 hooks on the page then it is probably good to go. If not move approved hooks from the '''[[Template talk:Did you know|suggestions page]]''' and add them and the credits as required.
# Once completed edit '''[[Template:Did you know/Queue/1|queue #1]]''' and replace the page with the entire content from the next update
# Add <nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Template:DYKbotdo|DYKbotdo]]<nowiki>|~~~}}</nowiki> to the top of the queue and save the page
Then, when the time is right I will be able to update the template.
Thanks and have a good day, [[User:DYKUpdateBot|DYKUpdateBot]] ([[User talk:DYKUpdateBot|talk]]) 22:05, 26 November 2013 (UTC)

:{{prep|2}} ready to go. Any admins around to load this set on queue, please? --[[User:PFHLai|PFHLai]] ([[User talk:PFHLai|talk]]) 03:48, 27 November 2013 (UTC)

== Reduce to two sets for Thanskgiving weekend? ==

We are having overdues lately. The fact that we have 200+ nominations and 15+ verified doesn't affect how slow the project is getting. Shall we lower to two sets per day until things pack up tremendously? --[[User:George Ho|George Ho]] ([[User talk:George Ho|talk]]) 01:00, 27 November 2013 (UTC)
: Or 6 hooks per set? Need to make sure there are some wordy hooks in each shorter set. --[[User:PFHLai|PFHLai]] ([[User talk:PFHLai|talk]]) 03:46, 27 November 2013 (UTC)

== A Boy was Born ==

[[A Boy was Born]] is meant for Christmas but is in {{prep|3}}! (Also it will be expanded, and there's a pending move request.) Please return, --[[User:Gerda Arendt|Gerda Arendt]] ([[User talk:Gerda Arendt|talk]]) 07:27, 27 November 2013 (UTC)
: I've reverted promotion and moved it to Dec 25. --[[User:George Ho|George Ho]] ([[User talk:George Ho|talk]]) 07:56, 27 November 2013 (UTC)
:: Thank you! --[[User:Gerda Arendt|Gerda Arendt]] ([[User talk:Gerda Arendt|talk]]) 08:16, 27 November 2013 (UTC)

== Failed joint nomination ==

*DYK nomination: [[Template:Did you know nominations/Slave-making ant; Trophobiosis]]
*Background: I created the article [[Slave-making ant]] based on multiple open access articles, and the nom failed because my article did not have attribution templates (which has been fixed since) and it did not have enough original material. I have no problem with this, but the other article ([[Trophobiosis]]) was expanded from scratch by {{u|Kevmin}} and was rejected because of my mistakes. I messed up and feel terrible about it, but Kevmin did not do anything wrong.
*Question: can the Trophobiosis article be renominated (without the Slave-making article)?
[[User:Jonkerz|jonkerz]] ♠[[User talk:Jonkerz|talk]] 17:06, 27 November 2013 (UTC)

::I don't see why not. There's nothing wrong with [[Trophobiosis]] as far as I can see. -[[User:Zanhe|Zanhe]] ([[User talk:Zanhe|talk]]) 21:58, 27 November 2013 (UTC)
:::Shall I renominate [[Trophobiosis]] for Nov 11th then?--[[User:Kevmin|Kev]][[User talk:Kevmin|min]] [[Special:Contributions/Kevmin|§]] 03:09, 28 November 2013 (UTC)
::::Sure, just link to this thread in the comment section of the nomination template, so the reviewer will see why it's nominated "late". -[[User:Zanhe|Zanhe]] ([[User talk:Zanhe|talk]]) 05:00, 28 November 2013 (UTC)

== DYK is almost overdue ==

In less than two hours [[Template:Did you know|Did you know]] will need to be updated, however the '''[[Template:Did you know/Queue/3|next queue]]''' either has no hooks or has not been approved by an administrator. It would be much appreciated if an administrator would take the time to ensure that DYK is updated on time by following these instructions:
# Check the '''[[Template:Did you know/Preparation area 1|prep areas]]'''; if there are between 6-10 hooks on the page then it is probably good to go. If not move approved hooks from the '''[[Template talk:Did you know|suggestions page]]''' and add them and the credits as required.
# Once completed edit '''[[Template:Did you know/Queue/3|queue #3]]''' and replace the page with the entire content from the next update
# Add <nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Template:DYKbotdo|DYKbotdo]]<nowiki>|~~~}}</nowiki> to the top of the queue and save the page
Then, when the time is right I will be able to update the template.
Thanks and have a good day, [[User:DYKUpdateBot|DYKUpdateBot]] ([[User talk:DYKUpdateBot|talk]]) 22:01, 27 November 2013 (UTC)

:{{prep|4}} ready to go. Any admins around to review and load this set on queue, please? --[[User:PFHLai|PFHLai]] ([[User talk:PFHLai|talk]]) 23:06, 27 November 2013 (UTC)
:*{{Done}} — [[User:Crisco 1492|Crisco 1492]] ([[User talk:Crisco 1492|talk]]) 23:13, 27 November 2013 (UTC)

==Prep 1==
The last hook in the set, [[Template:Did you know nominations/Eduard Pernkopf]], is 208 characters long. [[User:Yoninah|Yoninah]] ([[User talk:Yoninah|talk]]) 01:14, 28 November 2013 (UTC)
:As we have temporarily reduced from 7 to 6 hooks per set and half the set is composed of hooks with 101 or fewer characters, this one hook being a few characters over the normal limit is not a real problem. --''[[User: Allen3|Allen3]]'' [[User talk:Allen3|talk]] 02:20, 28 November 2013 (UTC)
::Why has the number of hooks been reduced to six when there are over 200 nominations including some 35 current approvals? [[User:Cwmhiraeth|Cwmhiraeth]] ([[User talk:Cwmhiraeth|talk]]) 07:42, 28 November 2013 (UTC)
:::{{U|Nikkimaria}} is probably the best person to answer your question as she is the one who implemented the change to the prep areas ([https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Did_you_know/Preparation_area_2&diff=prev&oldid=583502412], [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Did_you_know/Preparation_area_1&diff=prev&oldid=583502398], [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Did_you_know/Preparation_area_4&diff=prev&oldid=583502374], [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Did_you_know/Clear&diff=prev&oldid=583502328]). My best guess is that the change was made due to a comment at [[Wikipedia talk:Did you know#Reduce to two sets for Thanskgiving weekend?]]. The title for that discussion is also the reason I believe the change is meant to be short-term. --''[[User: Allen3|Allen3]]'' [[User talk:Allen3|talk]] 13:05, 28 November 2013 (UTC)
::Oops, sorry; I didn't see that in my review. [[User:Iselilja|Iselilja]] ([[User talk:Iselilja|talk]]) 21:27, 28 November 2013 (UTC)

== DYK is almost overdue ==

In less than two hours [[Template:Did you know|Did you know]] will need to be updated, however the '''[[Template:Did you know/Queue/4|next queue]]''' either has no hooks or has not been approved by an administrator. It would be much appreciated if an administrator would take the time to ensure that DYK is updated on time by following these instructions:
# Check the '''[[Template:Did you know/Preparation area 1|prep areas]]'''; if there are between 6-10 hooks on the page then it is probably good to go. If not move approved hooks from the '''[[Template talk:Did you know|suggestions page]]''' and add them and the credits as required.
# Once completed edit '''[[Template:Did you know/Queue/4|queue #4]]''' and replace the page with the entire content from the next update
# Add <nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Template:DYKbotdo|DYKbotdo]]<nowiki>|~~~}}</nowiki> to the top of the queue and save the page
Then, when the time is right I will be able to update the template.
Thanks and have a good day, [[User:DYKUpdateBot|DYKUpdateBot]] ([[User talk:DYKUpdateBot|talk]]) 06:05, 28 November 2013 (UTC)

== Can article be in DYK twice? ==

[[Template:Did you know nominations/Rose (Doctor Who)]] has been nominated. The article has already appear in DYK. Is this allowed? [[User:Beerest 2|Beerest 2]] [[User_talk:Beerest 2#Top|talk]] 21:15, 28 November 2013 (UTC)

:I'm not aware of any such prohibition, but perhaps there should be if the DYK appearance is recent, like within the last year. Since this one peared way back in 2005, I don't see any harm in a second appearance. [[User:Gamaliel|Gamaliel]] ([[User talk:Gamaliel|talk]]) 21:21, 28 November 2013 (UTC)
::I probably should have asked here, but I could see nothing in the rules about it. I think the article was in DYK in 2005, so a fair time ago. Thanks, [[User:Matty.007|Mat]][[User talk:Matty.007|ty]].[[Special:Contributions/Matty.007|007]] 21:36, 28 November 2013 (UTC)
:::[[WP:DYKSG#Other supplementary rules for the article|Supplementary rule D1]] would say not. cheers, [[User:Struway2|Struway2]] ([[User talk:Struway2|talk]]) 21:43, 28 November 2013 (UTC)
::::Can we just change the rule? These rules were created before it was decided that GA articles would appear on DYK. Perhaps we can get a consensus for allowing a second appearance once a reasonably long time has passed. [[User:Gamaliel|Gamaliel]] ([[User talk:Gamaliel|talk]]) 21:00, 29 November 2013 (UTC)
:::::I would support a rule change. Do you think we should start a RfC, or just propose it? Thanks, [[User:Matty.007|Mat]][[User talk:Matty.007|ty]].[[Special:Contributions/Matty.007|007]] 21:06, 29 November 2013 (UTC)

*I probably would oppose such a change to the rules. The fact that GAs have been allowed has already opened up enough new possibilities for articles; we don't need to start recycling DYKs as we clearly aren't running out of any. '''''[[User:Taylor Trescott|Taylor Trescott]]''''' - [[User talk:Taylor Trescott#top|my talk]] + [[Special:Contributions/Taylor Trescott|my edits]] 21:09, 29 November 2013 (UTC)
*I also oppose any changes. The rule we have is simple and doesn't need a change, if it's been on DYK once, it cannot again. Plus GA has already been bulldozed (albeit democratically) onto DYK, this is another unnessecary change because we could end up with a situation of an article having 3 DYKs for being made, expanded and then made a GA. '''[[User:The C of E|The C of E God Save the Queen!]]''' ([[User talk:The C of E|talk]]) 22:50, 29 November 2013 (UTC)
*'''Oppose''' any rule changes per Taylor and C of E. The new GAs→DYK rule was instituted to allow articles that were too big to be 5× expanded to still have the chance to appear on the main page. Allowing multiple DYK appearances for a single article will lead to [[WP:GAME|gaming]] and [[WP:PROMOTION|promotion]] not seen since the Gibraltarpedia fiasco, since this would allow a DYK in at least 3 stages: (1) 1,500 characters (creation); (2) 7,500 characters (5× expansion); and (3) Promotion to GA. No thanks. —[[User:Bloom6132|Bloom6132]] ([[User talk:Bloom6132|talk]]) 23:16, 29 November 2013 (UTC)

== [[Tim Yap]] in {{prep|2}} ==

Where in the article does it say "Lost in Yonkers"? --[[Special:Contributions/192.75.165.28|192.75.165.28]] ([[User talk:192.75.165.28|talk]]) 23:41, 29 November 2013 (UTC)

TBST

2013-11-21T19:36:57Z

192.75.165.28:

{{Refimprove|date=March 2009}}
{{Context|date=October 2009}}
'''TBST''' (or '''TTBS''') is mixture of [[Tris-Buffered Saline]] and [[Tween 20]]. It is a [[Buffer solution|buffer]] used for washing nitrocellulose membrane in [[western blotting]] and microtiter plate wells in [[ELISA]] assays.

==Contents of TBS-Tween==
The following is a sample recipe for TBST:
*50 mM [[Tris]]
*150 mM [[NaCl]]
*0.05% [[Polysorbate 20|Tween 20]]
Adjust pH with HCl to pH 7.6

The simplest way to prepare a TBS-Tween solution is to use TBS-T tablets. They are formulated to give a ready to use TBST solution upon dissolution in 500 ml of deionized water.<ref>[http://www.medicago.se/sites/default/files/pdf/productsheets/TBS_Tween_v.01.pdf Medicago AB, (2010) Tris buffered saline with Tween pH 7.6 specification sheet]</ref>

Tween for life yo.
==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Buffers]]

{{biochem-stub}}

Thorsten Heins

2013-11-04T16:46:43Z

192.75.165.28: /* Business career */

{{Infobox person
| birthname =
| image = File:Thorsten_Heins_in_2012_2013-10-27_21-02.jpg|thumbnail
| caption =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1957|12|29|}}
| birth_place = [[Gifhorn]], [[West Germany]]
| nationality = [[German]]
| residence = [[Toronto]]
| networth = $10,000,000 USD
| spouse =
| occupation = Former President and CEO of [[BlackBerry Ltd]]
| alma_mater = [[University of Hannover]]
}}

'''Thorsten Heins''' (born December 29, 1957) is a [[German Canadian]] businessman and the former chief executive officer of [[BlackBerry Ltd]].

==Early life and education==
He was born in [[Gifhorn]], Germany. Heins has a master's degree in science and physics from the [[University of Hannover]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Posted: Jan 23, 2012 8:32 AM ET |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/story/2012/01/23/rim-heins-bio.html |title=New RIM CEO Thorsten Heins - Canada - CBC News |publisher=Cbc.ca |date=1957-12-29 |accessdate=2012-01-23}}</ref>

==Business career==
Prior to BlackBerry, Heins held several positions in the wireless arena including the Chief Technology Officer of Siemens' Communications Division and several general management positions in hardware and software businesses.<ref>[http://www.rim.com/newsroom/mediaexecutive/index.shtml]{{dl|date=October 2013}}</ref> Heins has been at BlackBerry since 2007. He rose through the ranks starting as Senior Vice President of BlackBerry Handheld Business Unit; Chief Operating Officer of Product Engineering; and finally Chief Operating Officer of Product and Sales since July 2011 before becoming CEO.<ref>{{cite web|author=Thorsten Gerhard Heins |url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=23733784&ticker=RIM:CN&previousCapId=399960&previousTitle=RESEARCH%20IN%20MOTION |title=Thorsten Heins: Executive Profile & Biography - BusinessWeek |publisher=Investing.businessweek.com |date= |accessdate=2012-01-23}}</ref> Prior to coming to BlackBerry he was chief technology officer at [[Siemens AG]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/a-look-at-rims-new-ceo-thorsten-heins/2012/01/23/gIQAZ2DNLQ_story.html |title=A look at BlackBerry’s new CEO, Thorsten Heins |publisher=The Washington Post |date= |accessdate=2012-01-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rim.com/newsroom/mediaexecutive/index.shtml |title=RIM's Executive Team |publisher=Rim.com |date= |accessdate=2012-01-23}}</ref>

In January 2012 he was named to succeed BlackBerry company founders [[Jim Balsillie]] and [[Mike Lazaridis]] as President and CEO of BlackBerry. On November 4th, 2013, Blackberry announced that Mr. Heins steps down as Chief Executive Officer and Mr. Chen serves as Interim Chief Executive Officer pending completion of a search for a new Chief Executive Officer.

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-bus}}
{{succession box |
before=[[Jim Balsillie]]/[[Mike Lazaridis]] (co-chairs) |
title=[[BlackBerry (company)|BlackBerry CEO]] |
years=2012-2013 |
after=[[John S. Chen]] (Interim)
}}
{{s-end}}
{{Research In Motion}}

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Heins, Thorston
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH = December 29, 1957
| PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Gifhorn]], [[Germany]]
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Heins, Thorston}}
[[Category:1957 births]]
[[Category:University of Hanover alumni]]
[[Category:People from Gifhorn]]
[[Category:Directors of BlackBerry (company)]]
[[Category:Canadian chief executives]]
[[Category:Living people]]

ELISA

2013-10-28T17:51:23Z

192.75.165.28:

{{Other uses|Elisa (disambiguation)}}
{{Interventions infobox |

Name = ELISA |Image = Microtiter_plate.JPG |
Caption = A 96-well [[microtiter plate]] being used for ELISA. |
ICD10 = |
ICD9 = |
MeshID = D004797 |
OtherCodes = |
}}

The '''enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay''' ('''ELISA''') is a test that uses antibodies and color change to identify a substance.

ELISA is a popular format of a "wet-lab" type analytic [[biochemistry]] [[assay]] that uses a solid-phase '''enzyme [[immunoassay]]''' ('''EIA''') to detect the presence of a substance, usually an antigen, in a liquid sample or wet sample.

The ELISA has been used as a [[medical diagnosis|diagnostic]] tool in medicine and [[plant pathology]], as well as a [[quality control|quality-control]] check in various industries.

Antigens from the sample are attached to a surface. Then, a further specific antibody is applied over the surface so it can bind to the antigen. This antibody is linked to an enzyme, and, in the final step, a substance containing the enzyme's [[Enzyme substrate|substrate]] is added. The subsequent reaction produces a detectable signal, most commonly a color change in the substrate.

Performing an ELISA involves at least one antibody with specificity for a particular antigen. The sample with an unknown amount of antigen is immobilized on a solid support (usually a [[polystyrene]] [[microtiter plate]]) either non-specifically (via [[adsorption]] to the surface) or specifically (via capture by another antibody specific to the same antigen, in a "sandwich" ELISA). After the antigen is immobilized, the detection antibody is added, forming a complex with the antigen. The detection antibody can be covalently linked to an [[enzyme]], or can itself be detected by a [[secondary antibody]] that is linked to an enzyme through [[bioconjugation]]. Between each step, the plate is typically washed with a mild [[detergent]] solution to remove any proteins or antibodies that are aspecifically bound. After the final wash step, the plate is developed by adding an enzymatic [[Substrate (biochemistry)|substrate]] to produce a visible [[signal (information theory)|signal]], which indicates the quantity of antigen in the sample.

Of note, ELISA can perform other forms of [[ligand binding assays]] instead of strictly "immuno" assays, though the name carried the original "immuno" because of the common use and history of development of this method. The technique essentially requires any ligating reagent that can be immobilized on the solid phase along with a detection reagent that will bind specifically and use an enzyme to generate a signal that can be properly quantified. In between the washes, only the ligand and its specific binding counterparts remain specifically bound or "immunosorbed" by antigen-antibody interactions to the solid phase, while the nonspecific or unbound components are washed away. Unlike other spectrophotometric wet lab assay formats where the same reaction well (e.g. a cuvette) can be reused after washing, the ELISA plates have the reaction products immunosorbed on the solid phase which is part of the plate, so are not easily reusable.

==Principle==

As a "WET LAB" analytic biochemistry assay, ELISA involves detection of an "analyte" (i.e. the specific substance whose presence is being quantitatively or qualitatively analyzed) in a liquid sample by a method that continues to use liquid reagents during the "analysis" (i.e. controlled sequence of biochemical reactions that will generate a signal which can be easily quantified and interpreted as a measure of the amount of analyte in the sample) that stays liquid and remains inside a reaction chamber or well needed to keep the reactants contained; It is opposed to "dry lab" that can use dry strips - and even if the sample is liquid (e.g. a measured small drop), the final detection step in "dry" analysis involves reading of a dried strip by methods such as [[reflectometry]] and does not need a reaction containment chamber to prevent spillover or mixing between samples.

As a heterogenous assay, ELISA separates some component of the analytical reaction mixture by adsorbing certain components onto a solid phase which is physically immobilized. In ELISA, a liquid sample is added onto a stationary solid phase with special binding properties and is followed by multiple liquid reagents that are sequentially added, incubated and washed followed by some optical change (e.g. color development by the product of an enzymatic reaction) in the final liquid in the well from which the quantity of the analyte is measured. The qualitative "reading" usually based on detection of intensity of transmitted light by [[spectrophotometry]], which involves quantitation of transmission of some specific wavelength of light through the liquid (as well as the transparent bottom of the well in the multiple-well plate format). The sensitivity of detection depends on amplification of the signal during the analytic reactions. Since enzyme reactions are very well known amplification processes, the signal is generated by enzymes which are linked to the detection reagents in fixed proportions to allow accurate quantification - thus the name "enzyme linked".

The analyte is also called the ligand because it will specifically bind or ligate to a detection reagent, thus ELISA falls under the bigger category of [[ligand binding assays]]. The ligand-specific binding reagent is "immobilized", i.e., usually coated and dried onto the transparent bottom and sometimes also side wall of a well (the stationary "solid phase'/"solid substrate" here as opposed to solid microparticle/beads that can be washed away), which is usually constructed as a multiple-well plate known as the "ELISA plate". Conventionally, like other forms of [[immunoassay]]s, the specificity of [[antigen]]-[[antibody]] type reaction is used because it is easy to raise an antibody specifically against an antigen in bulk as a reagent. Alternatively, if the analyte itself is an antibody, its target antigen can be used as the binding reagent.

==History==

Before the development of the ELISA, the only option for conducting an [[immunoassay]] was [[radioimmunoassay]], a technique using [[radioactive]]ly labeled antigens or antibodies. In radioimmunoassay, the radioactivity provides the signal, which indicates whether a specific antigen or antibody is present in the sample. Radioimmunoassay was first described in a scientific paper by [[Rosalyn Sussman Yalow]] and [[Solomon Berson]] published in 1960.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=YALOW R, BERSON S |title=Immunoassay of endogenous plasma insulin in man |journal=J. Clin. Invest. |volume=39 |issue= 7|pages=1157–75 |year=1960 |pmid=13846364 |doi=10.1172/JCI104130 |pmc=441860}}</ref>

Because radioactivity poses a potential health threat, a safer alternative was sought. A suitable alternative to radioimmunoassay would substitute a nonradioactive signal in place of the radioactive signal. When enzymes (such as [[peroxidase]]) react with appropriate substrates (such as [[ABTS]] or [[3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine]]), a change in color occurs, which is used as a signal. However, the signal has to be associated with the presence of antibody or antigen, which is why the enzyme has to be linked to an appropriate antibody. This linking process was independently developed by Stratis Avrameas and G. B. Pierce.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Lequin R |title=Enzyme immunoassay (EIA)/enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) |journal=Clin. Chem. |volume=51 |issue=12 |pages=2415–8 |year=2005 |pmid=16179424 |doi=10.1373/clinchem.2005.051532}}</ref> Since it is necessary to remove any unbound antibody or antigen by washing, the antibody or antigen has to be fixed to the surface of the container; i.e., the immunosorbent must be prepared. A technique to accomplish this was published by Wide and [[Jerker Porath]] in 1966.<ref>Wide L, Porath J. Radioimmunoassay of proteins with the use of Sephadex-coupled antibodies. Biochem Biophys Acta 1966;30:257-260.</ref>

[[File:Pn-lab-2001nov.jpg|thumb|right|Paramedic assistant prepares the analyses in ELISA laboratory]]

In 1971, Peter Perlmann and Eva Engvall at Stockholm University in Sweden, and Anton Schuurs and Bauke van Weemen in the Netherlands independently published papers that synthesized this knowledge into methods to perform EIA/ELISA.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Engvall E, Perlman P |title=Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Quantitative assay of immunoglobulin G |journal=Immunochemistry |volume=8 |issue=9 |pages=871–4 |year=1971 |pmid=5135623 |doi=10.1016/0019-2791(71)90454-X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Van Weemen BK, Schuurs AH |title=Immunoassay using antigen-enzyme conjugates |journal=FEBS Letters |volume=15 |issue=3 |pages=232–236 |year=1971 |pmid=11945853 |doi=10.1016/0014-5793(71)80319-8}}.</ref>

Traditional ELISA typically involves [[chromogenic]] reporters and substrates that produce some kind of observable color change to indicate the presence of antigen or analyte. Newer ELISA-like techniques use [[fluorogenic]], [[Electrochemiluminescence|electrochemiluminescent]], and [[quantitative PCR]] reporters to create quantifiable signals. These new reporters can have various advantages, including higher [[Sensitivity and specificity|sensitivities]] and [[Multiplex (assay)|multiplexing]].<ref name="PMID18772478">{{Cite journal| author = S. Leng, J. McElhaney, J. Walston, D. Xie, N. Fedarko, G. Kuchel | title = Elisa and Multiplex Technologies for Cytokine Measurement in Inflammation and Aging Research| journal = J Gerontol a Biol Sci Med Sci | volume = 63 | issue = 8| pages = 879–84 | year = 2008 | month = October | pmid = 18772478 | pmc = 2562869 | doi = 10.1093/gerona/63.8.879| url = }}</ref><ref>{{Cite report |title= Cytokine Quantification in Drug Development: A comparison of sensitive immunoassay platforms |url=http://www.chimera-biotec.com/data/pdf/Cytokine_Quant_Comp_Final.pdf |author= M. Adler, S. Schulz, M. Spengler|last= |first= |coauthors= |year= 2009 |publisher= Chimera Biotech|accessdate= 26 January 2010 |docket= }}</ref> In technical terms, newer assays of this type are not strictly ELISAs, as they are not "enzyme-linked", but are instead linked to some nonenzymatic reporter. However, given that the general principles in these assays are largely similar, they are often grouped in the same category as ELISAs.

In 2012 an ultrasensitive, enzyme-based ELISA test using nanoparticles as a chromogenic reporter was able to give a naked-eye colour signal from the detection of mere [[attogram]]s of analyte. A blue color appears for positive results and red color for negative. Note that this detection only can confirm the presence or the absence of analyte not the actual concentration. <ref name="delaRica2012">{{cite doi|10.1038/nnano.2012.186}}</ref>

{{clear}}

==Types==
=== "Indirect" ELISA ===
[[File:ELISA diagram.png|left|200px|thumb|Direct ELISA diagram]]
The steps of "indirect" ELISA follows the mechanism below:-

*A buffered solution of the antigen to be tested for is added to each well of a [[microtiter plate]], where it is given time to adhere to the plastic through charge interactions.
*A solution of nonreacting protein, such as [[bovine serum albumin]] or [[casein]], is added to well (usually 96-well plates) any plastic surface in the well that remains uncoated by the antigen.
*The [[primary antibody]] is added, which binds specifically to the test antigen coating the well. This primary antibody could also be in the serum of a donor to be tested for reactivity towards the antigen.
*A [[secondary antibody]] is added, which will bind the primary antibody. This secondary antibody often has an enzyme attached to it, which has a negligible effect on the binding properties of the antibody. In other cases, as in the diagram to the left, the primary antibody itself is conjugated to the enzyme.
*A substrate for this enzyme is then added. Often, this substrate changes color upon reaction with the enzyme. The color change shows the secondary antibody has bound to primary antibody, which strongly implies the donor has had an immune reaction to the test antigen. This can be helpful in a clinical setting, and in research.
*The higher the concentration of the primary antibody present in the serum, the stronger the color change. Often, a spectrometer is used to give quantitative values for color strength.

The enzyme acts as an amplifier; even if only few enzyme-linked antibodies remain bound, the enzyme molecules will produce many signal molecules. Within common-sense limitations, the enzyme can go on producing color indefinitely, but the more primary antibody is present in the donor serum, the more secondary antibody + enzyme will bind, and the faster the color will develop. A major disadvantage of the indirect ELISA is the method of antigen immobilization is not specific; when serum is used as the source of test antigen, all proteins in the sample may stick to the microtiter plate well, so small concentrations of analyte in serum must compete with other serum proteins when binding to the well surface. The sandwich or direct ELISA provides a solution to this problem, by using a "capture" antibody specific for the test antigen to pull it out of the serum's molecular mixture.

ELISA may be run in a qualitative or quantitative format. Qualitative results provide a simple positive or negative result (yes or no) for a sample. The cutoff between positive and negative is determined by the analyst and may be statistical. Two or three times the standard deviation (error inherent in a test) is often used to distinguish positive from negative samples. In quantitative ELISA, the optical density (OD) of the sample is compared to a standard curve, which is typically a serial dilution of a known-concentration solution of the target molecule. For example, if a test sample returns an OD of 1.0, the point on the standard curve that gave OD = 1.0 must be of the same analyte concentration as the sample.

===Sandwich ELISA===
[[Image:ELISA-sandwich.svg|thumb|300px|'''A sandwich ELISA'''. (1) Plate is coated with a capture antibody; (2) sample is added, and any antigen present binds to capture antibody; (3) detecting antibody is added, and binds to antigen; (4) enzyme-linked secondary antibody is added, and binds to detecting antibody; (5) substrate is added, and is converted by enzyme to detectable form.]]

A "sandwich" ELISA, is used to detect sample antigen. The steps are:

# A surface is prepared to which a known quantity of capture antibody is bound.
# Any nonspecific binding sites on the surface are blocked.
# The antigen-containing sample is applied to the plate.
# The plate is washed to remove unbound antigen.
# A specific antibody is added, and binds to antigen (hence the 'sandwich': the Ag is stuck between two antibodies)
# Enzyme-linked secondary antibodies are applied as detection antibodies that also bind specifically to the antibody's Fc region (nonspecific).
# The plate is washed to remove the unbound antibody-enzyme conjugates.
# A chemical is added to be converted by the enzyme into a color or fluorescent or electrochemical signal.
# The absorbency or fluorescence or electrochemical signal (e.g., current) of the plate wells is measured to determine the presence and quantity of antigen.

The image to the right includes the use of a secondary antibody conjugated to an enzyme, though, in the technical sense, this is not necessary if the primary antibody is conjugated to an enzyme. However, use of a secondary-antibody conjugate avoids the expensive process of creating enzyme-linked antibodies for every antigen one might want to detect. By using an enzyme-linked antibody that binds the Fc region of other antibodies, this same enzyme-linked antibody can be used in a variety of situations. Without the first layer of "capture" antibody, any proteins in the sample (including serum proteins) may competitively adsorb to the plate surface, lowering the quantity of antigen immobilized. Use of the purified specific antibody to attach the antigen to the plastic eliminates a need to purify the antigen from complicated mixtures before the measurement, simplifying the assay, and increasing the specificity and the sensitivity of the assay.

A descriptive animation of the application of sandwich ELISA to [[Pregnancy test|home pregnancy testing]] can be found [http://www.whfreeman.com/catalog/static/whf/kuby/content/anm/kb07an01.htm here].

===Competitive ELISA===
A third use of ELISA is through competitive binding. The steps for this ELISA are somewhat different from the first two examples:

# Unlabeled antibody is incubated in the presence of its antigen (sample).
# These bound antibody/antigen complexes are then added to an antigen-coated well.
# The plate is washed, so unbound antibody is removed. (The more antigen in the sample, the less antibody will be able to bind to the antigen in the well, hence "competition".)
# The [[secondary antibody]], specific to the primary antibody, is added. This second antibody is coupled to the enzyme.
# A substrate is added, and remaining enzymes elicit a chromogenic or fluorescent signal.
# The reaction is stopped to prevent eventual saturation of the signal.

Some competitive ELISA kits include enzyme-linked antigen rather than enzyme-linked antibody. The labeled antigen competes for primary antibody binding sites with the sample antigen (unlabeled). The less antigen in the sample, the more labeled antigen is retained in the well and the stronger the signal.

Commonly, the antigen is not first positioned in the well.

For the detection of HIV antibodies, the wells of microtiter plate are coated with the HIV antigen. Two specific antibodies are used, one conjugated with enzyme and the other present in serum (if serum is positive for the antibody). Cumulative competition occurs between the two antibodies for the same antigen, causing a stronger signal to be seen. Sera to be tested are added to these wells and incubated at 37°C, and then washed. If antibodies are present, the antigen-antibody reaction occurs. No antigen is left for the enzyme-labelled specific HIV antibodies. These antibodies remain free upon addition and are washed off during washing. Substrate is added, but there is no enzyme to act on it, so positive result shows no color change.

Animated video overview of competitive [http://www.piercenet.com/method/overview-elisa#elisaformats ELISA].

===Multiple and portable ELISA===
A new technique (EP 1 499 894 B1 in EPO Bulletin 25.02.209 N. 2009/09; USPTO 7510687 in USPTO Bulletin 31.03.2009; ZL 03810029.0 in SIPO PRC Bulletin 08.04.2009) uses a solid phase made up of an immunosorbent polystyrene rod with eight to 12 protruding [[ogive]]s. The entire device is immersed in a test tube containing the collected sample and the following steps (washing, incubation in conjugate and incubation in chromogens) are carried out by dipping the ogives in microwells of standard microplates filled with reagents.

The advantages of this technique are:

# The ogives can each be sensitized to a different reagent, allowing the simultaneous detection of different antibodies and/or different antigens for multiple-target assays.
# The sample volume can be increased to improve the test sensitivity in clinical (blood, saliva, urine), food (bulk milk, pooled eggs) and environmental (water) samples.
# One ogive is left unsensitized to measure the nonspecific reactions of the sample.
# The use of laboratory supplies for dispensing sample aliquots, washing solution and reagents in microwells is not required, facilitating the development of ready-to-use lab kits and on-site testing.

==Applications==
[[File:ELISA.jpg|thumb|right|Human anti-IgG, double antibody sandwich ELISA]]
Because the ELISA can be performed to evaluate either the presence of antigen or the presence of antibody in a sample, it is a useful tool for determining [[blood plasma|serum]] antibody concentrations (such as with the [[HIV test]]<ref>MedLinePlus. "HIV ELISA/western blot." U.S. National Library of Medicine. Last accessed April 16, 2007. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003538.htm</ref> or [[West Nile virus]]). It has also found applications in the [[food]] industry in detecting potential [[food allergy|food allergens]], such as [[milk]], [[peanut]]s, [[walnut]]s, [[almond]]s, and [[egg (food)|eggs]].<ref>U. S. Food and Drug Administration. "Food Allergen Partnership." Last accessed April 16, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20080325193553/www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/alrgpart.html</ref> ELISA can also be used in toxicology as a rapid presumptive screen for certain classes of drugs.
[[File:Elisa10.jpg|thumb|Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay plate|right]]
The ELISA was the first screening test widely used for HIV because of its high sensitivity. In an ELISA, a person's serum is diluted 400 times and applied to a plate to which HIV antigens are attached. If antibodies to HIV are present in the serum, they may bind to these HIV antigens. The plate is then washed to remove all other components of the serum. A specially prepared "secondary antibody" — an antibody that binds to other antibodies — is then applied to the plate, followed by another wash. This secondary antibody is chemically linked in advance to an enzyme.

Thus, the plate will contain enzyme in proportion to the amount of secondary antibody bound to the plate. A substrate for the enzyme is applied, and catalysis by the enzyme leads to a change in color or fluorescence. ELISA results are reported as a number; the most controversial aspect of this test is determining the "cut-off" point between a positive and a negative result.

A cut-off point may be determined by comparing it with a known standard. If an ELISA test is used for drug screening at workplace, a cut-off concentration, 50 ng/ml, for example, is established, and a sample containing the standard concentration of analyte will be prepared. Unknowns that generate a stronger signal than the known sample are "positive." Those that generate weaker signal are "negative".

Dr Dennis E Bidwell and Alister Voller created the ELISA test to detect various kind of diseases, such as [[malaria]], [[Chagas disease]], and [[paratuberculosis|Johne's disease]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=J. Frank T. Griffin|coauthors=, Evelyn Spittle, Christie R. Rodgers, Simon Liggett, Marc Cooper, Douwe Bakker, and John P. Bannantine|title=Immunoglobulin G1 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Diagnosis of Johne's Disease in Red Deer (Cervus elaphus)|journal=Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol.|year=2005|month=December|volume=12|series=12|pages=1401–1409|doi=10.1128/CDLI.12.12.1401-1409.2005|first1=J. F. T.|issue=12|pmid=16339063|pmc=1317074}}</ref> ELISA tests also are used as in [[in vitro diagnostics|''in vitro'' diagnostics]] in [[medical laboratories]]. The other uses of ELISA include:
* detection of ''[[Mycobacterium]]'' antibodies in tuberculosis
* detection of rotavirus in feces
* detection of hepatitis B markers in serum
* detection of [[enterotoxin]] of ''E. coli'' in feces
* detection of HIV antibodies in blood samples

==See also==
* [[Assay]]
* [[ELISPOT]]
* [[Eva Engvall]]
* [[Immunoassay]]
* [[Immunoscreening]]
* [[Lateral flow test]]
* [[Magnetic immunoassay]]
* [[Plaque reduction neutralization test]]
* [[Radioimmunoassay]]
* [[Secretion assay]]

==Notes and references==
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==
{{Refbegin}}
* [http://www.immunospot.eu/elisa-animation.html An animated illustration of an ELISA assay]
* [http://www.mabtech.com/main/Page.asp?PageId=26&PageName=About+ELISA The ELISA technique illustrated]
* [http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/ELISA.html An animated tutorial comparing the direct and indirect ELISA methods]
* [http://www.biology.arizona.edu/immunology/activities/elisa/main.html "Introduction to ELISA Activity - beginner walkthrough of ELISA used for detecting HIV, including animations] at [[University of Arizona]]
* {{MeshName|ELISA}}
{{Refend}}

{{Immunologic techniques and tests}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Elisa}}
[[Category:Immunologic tests]]

Joe Shuster Award

2013-10-18T20:48:53Z

192.75.165.28: /* Works cited */

{{Infobox award
| name = Joe Shuster Award
| current_awards =
| image = JoeShusterAward2007Logo.jpg
| imagesize =
| alt = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| caption = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| description = Outstanding achievements in [[Canadian comics]]
| presenter = [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]]
| host =
| date = 
| location =
| country = [[Canada]]
| reward =
| year =
| year2 =
| holder =
| website = http://www.joeshusterawards.com
| network =
| runtime =
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The '''Joe Shuster Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards''' (or '''Joe Shuster Awards''') are given out annually for outstanding achievements in the creation of [[comic books]], [[graphic novels]], [[webcomics]], and comics retailers and publishers by [[Canadian comics|Canadians]]. The awards, first handed out in April 2005, are named in honour of [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), the Canadian-born co-creator of [[Superman]].

The [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]] is a not-for-profit organization formed in 2004 to administer the awards.

==Overview==
The Joe Shuster Awards are comic book industry oriented awards that recognize the achievements of [[Canadian]] citizens and permanent residents.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} Founded initially as an English language comics award the criteria has been changed and refined since 2006 to be inclusive of all works published in Canada (see Language Criteria). The majority of the awards were initially committee-nominated, public-vote awards{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}, with write-in nominations accepted for the International Creator award.{{sfn|Stump|2005a}} This was changed in 2008 to a committee-nominated, jury-selected model, with publishers nominating works within the relevant award category.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} The model established in 2008 was designed to eliminate voter bias and [[ballot stuffing]]. The jury deliberates until they agree on a winner, discussing the merits of each candidate.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}}

They are named after Canadian-born cartoonist [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), who co-created [[Superman]] in 1938.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}} The name is used with the approval of the Estate of Joe Shuster (Michael Catron, Estate Agent).{{cn|date=September 2012}} The award, which focuses mainly on mainstream comics, is complemented by the [[Doug Wright Award]]s, which focuses on alternative comics, cartooning, and comic strips.{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}}

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
The late Harry Kremer, owner of Now & Then Books in [[Regional Municipality of Waterloo|Kitchener-Waterloo]], [[Ontario]], was a true pioneer in the industry and a constant and tireless promoter and patron of the medium and owner one of the first comic book specialty stores in Canada. His memory is kept alive in the award that has been named after him – the Outstanding Canadian Comic Book Retailer Award.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} The Award was given to Kremer's store in 2005, with open voting from 2006 onwards.{{sfn|Stump|2006b}}

===Gene Day Self-Publisher Award===
Named after the late comics artist and self-publisher [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982), this award honours Canadian comic book creators or creative teams who self-published their work, but did not have the books distributed by a third party distributor. The award winner receives a bursary of $500. The award was introduced in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shuster Awards Announce Honor Named for Gene Day|url=http://www.comicbookbin.com/joeshusterawardsnews001.html|publisher=Comic Book Bin|accessdate=13 September 2012|date=May 3 2009}}</ref> Prior to this, Dave Sim had established a Gene Day award distributed annually at the [[Small Press and Alternative Comics Expo]] in [[Columbus, Ohio]] from 2002 to 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.backporchcomics.com/space.htm |title=SPACE |publisher=BackPorchComics.com |date= |accessdate=2011-07-18}}</ref>

===Comics For Kids Award===
This award, established in 2004,{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} Works considered for this award are comic books and graphic novels that are targeted at readers 14 and under. Nominees are selected by a team of educators led by Jennifer Haines, MA, B.Ed., who is also the proprietor of Guelph, Ontario’s The Dragon comic book shop.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

===Canadian Comic Book Creator Hall of Fame===
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
Includes dozens of creators such as [[Hal Foster]], [[Win Mortimer]], [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]], [[Dave Sim]] and more.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Language Criteria==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards honour original work published during the previous calendar year in any language. However, Canada has two official languages - French and English, so extra research and attention is given to works published in the two official languages. In order to ensure that bilingual works are included on the ballot, two nominating committees select the finalists in each official language and the finalists are merged for the announced ballot. The nominated books are then given to jury members who can read both official languages for equal consideration.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Nationality and residency==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards are open to all Canadian Citizens.

Canadian citizens who have chosen to reside outside of Canada are still eligible for consideration, unless they contact the Awards Organization and notify them that they have surrendered their Canadian citizenship and no longer wish to be considered for their recent work as a Canadian citizen.

Non-Canadians who have achieved Permanent Residency status in Canada are also eligible for consideration. In order to be considered for inclusion as a resident, the individual must have lived in Canada for three years. Permanent Residents who do not wish to be considered may opt out of the Awards program before the selection process begins by sending a statement in writing to the Awards Organization. If an approved Permanent Resident moves away from Canada, they are no longer considered eligible for the awards.

==Categories==

Categories and winners of Joe Shuster Awards are as follows:

===Outstanding Achievement===
*2005 [[Dave Sim]] and [[Gerhard (comics artist)|Gerhard]] for completing ''[[Cerebus]]'' in 2004. Begun in 1977, this 300-issue series is a milestone in comic book publishing and is the longest running creator-owned comic book series.{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006-2007 No winner
* 2008 David Watkins for using comic books as a teaching tool.
* 2009 Category suspended

===Outstanding Artist===
* 2005 [[Kaare Andrews]] for ''[[Spider-Man]]/[[Doctor Octopus]]: Year One'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Pia Guerra]] for ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]]) and a story in ''[[Spider-Man]] Unlimited'' #10 (published by [[Marvel Comics]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] and [[J. Bone]] for ''[[Batman/The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Dale Eaglesham]] for ''[[Justice Society of America]]'' #2-4, 6-7, 9-11 ([[DC Comics]])
* 2009 [[David Finch (comics)|David Finch]] for ''[[Ultimatum (Ultimate Marvel)|Ultimatum]]'' #1-2{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Stuart Immonen]] for ''[[Ultimate Spider-Man]] 130-133'', ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]] 55-60'', ''[[Fantastic Four]] 569'' (Marvel), ''The CBLDF Presents Liberty Comics 2 – "Trampoline Hall"'' (Image Comics){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Francis Manapul]] for [[Adventure Comics]]#6, [[The Flash]]#1-6, [[Superman/Batman]]#75 ([[DC Comics]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Stuart Immonen]] for [["Fear Itself (comics)|"Fear Itself]] #1-7; "Queen, King, Off-Suit"/''X-Men: To Serve and Protect'' #4; "Say You're Dead"/''Outlaw Territory'' Volume 2{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Isabelle Arsenault]] for [["Jane, le renard & moi"]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & I]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Cartoonist (Writer/Artist)===
* 2005 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[DC: The New Frontier]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Bryan Lee O'Malley]] for ''[[Scott Pilgrim]]'' Vol. 2 (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Spirit (comics)|The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Jeff Lemire]] for ''[[Essex County Trilogy|Essex County]] Vol. 1: Tales From The Farm'', ''Essex County Vol. 2: Ghost Stories'' ([[Top Shelf Productions|Top Shelf]])
* 2009 [[Dave Sim]] for ''[[Glamourpuss]] #1-4'' and ''Judenhass''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''Paul, tome 06: [[Paul à Québec]]'' (La Pastèque){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Tin Can Forest]] for [[Baba Yaga and the Wolf]] ([[Koyama Press]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Ramon K Pérez]] for ''[[Jim Henson's Tale of Sand]]''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Jeff Lemire]] for [[The Underwater Welder]] and [[Sweet Tooth]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Publisher===
* 2005 [[Arcana Studio]]{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2007 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2008 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2009 [[Les 400 coups]] / [[Mécanique Générale]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[La Pastèque]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Koyama Press]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Writer===
* 2005 (tie) [[Samm Barnes]] for ''[[Doctor Spectrum]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 (tie) [[Ty Templeton]] for ''The [[Batman Adventures]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[J. Torres]] for ''[[Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight]]'' and ''[[Teen Titans Go!]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]), and ''[[Love As A Foreign Language]]'' (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Superman Confidential]]'' #1-2 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Cecil Castellucci]] for ''[[The P.L.A.I.N. Janes]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]])
* 2009 [[Mariko Tamaki]] for ''[[Skim (graphic novel)|Skim]]'' ([[Groundwood Books]]) and ''[[Emiko Superstar]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Maryse Dubuc]] for ''[[The Bellybuttons|Les Nombrils 4: Duels de belles]]'' ([[Dupuis]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emilie Villeneuve]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Kurtis J. Wiebe]] for [[The Green Wake]] #1-8; [[The Intrepids]] #1-6; "Logan's Lost Lesson"/''Marvel Holiday Special 2011''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Fanny Britt]] for [[Jane, le renard & moi]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & Me]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding WebComic Creator/Creative Team===
* 2007 Dan Kim, for ''April & May & June'', ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''
* 2008 [[Ryan Sohmer]] & [[Lar deSouza]], for ''[[Looking for Group]]'' & ''[[Least I Could Do]]''
* 2009 [[Cameron Stewart]] for ''[[Sin Titulo]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Karl Kerschl]] for ''[[The Abominable Charles Christopher]]''{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emily Carroll]] for ''[[His Face All Red]]'' and more{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Emily Carroll]] for various comics, 2011{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Michael DeForge]] for ''[[Ant Comic]]'' {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Colourist===
* 2008 [[Dave McCaig]] for ''[[Nextwave]]'', Agents of H.A.T.E. #12, ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]]'' #27-35, ''[[Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America]]'' #1: ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'', ''[[Marvel Comics Presents]]'' #1-4, ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'' #50, ''[[Avengers (comics)|Avengers]] Classic'' #7 ([[Marvel Comics]]) DC Infinite Halloween Special #1 ([[DC Comics]]), ''[[The Other Side (comics)|The Other Side]]'' #4-5 ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Vertigo (DC Comics)|Vertigo]]) ''[[Stephen Colbert]]’s [[Tek Jansen]]'' #1 ([[Oni Press]])
* 2009 [[François Lapierre]] for ''“Gédéon et la bête du lac” [[Contes et légendes du Québec]]'' (Glénat Québec), ''[[Magasin général]] 4'' (Casterman){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Nathan Fairbairn]] for ''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]] #605, [[Dark Reign: The List]] – X-Men #1, [[Dark X-Men]]: The Confession #1 (Cover), [[Guardians of the Galaxy (2008 team)|Guardians of the Galaxy]] #16, 18-19, [[House of M: Masters of Evil]] #1, [[Marvel Mystery Comics]] 70th Anniversary Special #1, [[Nation X]] #1, [[Realm of Kings]]: Imperial Guard #1-2, [[Timestorm 2009–2099]]: [[Spider-Man]], [[War of Kings]]: Warriors #2, [[Wolverine (comic book)|Wolverine]] #72, [[Wolverine: Origins]] #32, [[Wolverine: Weapon X]] #6-8, [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #39-50, 200 (Variant) (Cover), [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #45, [[X-Men: Kingbreaker]] #2-4, [[Gambit (comics)|X-Men Origins: Gambit]] #1'' (Marvel Comics), ''[[Tek Jansen|Stephen Colbert’s Tek Jansen]] #4-5'' (Oni Press){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Julie Rocheleau (comics)|Julie Rocheleau]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Cover (2008-2010) / Cover Artist (2011-)===
* 2008 [[Steve Skroce]] for ''[[Doc Frankenstein]]'' #6 ([[Burlyman Entertainment|Burleyman]])
* 2009 [[Niko Henrichon]] for ''[[Hostile]] Tome 1: Impact'' (Dupuis){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Richard Stark's Parker: The Hunter]]'' (IDW){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Fiona Staples]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[François Lapierre]] for ''Chroniques Sauvages''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Mike Del Mundo]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Comics for Kids Award ===
* 2009 ''[[Jellaby]] Book 1'' by [[Kean Soo]] {{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 ''[[Nightschool]]: The Weirn Books Vols.1-2'' ([[Yen Press]]) by [[Svetlana Chmakova]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 ''[[Three Thieves Book One: Tower of Treasure]]'' ([[Kids Can Press]]) by [[Scott Chantler]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 ''[[Ariane et Nicolas]] Tome 6: Les Toiles Mysterieuses'' by [[Paul Roux ]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 ''[[Cat’s Cradle]] Volume 1: The Golden Twine'' by [[Joe Rioux]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Gene Day Award for Canadian Self-Publishing (New in 2009)===
* 2009 [[Jesse Jacobs]] for ''[[Blue Winter, Shapes in the Snow]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Ethan Rilly]] for ''[[Pope Hats]]'' No.1{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[John Martz]] for ''[[Heaven All Day]]''{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Dakota McFadzean]] for Ghost Rabbit{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Cory McCallum]] and [[Matthew Daley]] - ''[[The Pig Sleep]]: A Mr. Monitor Case''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
* 2005 [[Now & Then Books]] ([[Kitchener, Ontario]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Strange Adventures (comics retailer)|Strange Adventures]] ([[Halifax Urban Area|Halifax, Nova Scotia]])
* 2007 [[Happy Harbor Comics|Happy Harbor]] ([[Edmonton, Alberta]])
* 2008 [[Big B Comics]] ([[Hamilton, Ontario]])
* 2009 [[Legends Comics and Books]] ([[Victoria, British Columbia]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[The Beguiling]] ([[Toronto, Ontario]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Planète BD]] ([[Montreal, Quebec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Silver Snail]] (Toronto, Ontario){{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Heroes Comics]] ([[London, Ontario]]){{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Hall of Fame Inductees===
* 2005 [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Leo Bachle]] (a.k.a. Les Barker) (1926–2003){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Adrian Dingle (cartoonist)|Adrian Dingle]] (1911–1974){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Hal Foster]] (1892–1982){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Ed Furness]] (1911–2005){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Rand Holmes]] (1942–2002){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Jon St. Ables]] (1912–1999)
* 2006 [[Owen McCarron]] (1929–2005)
* 2006 [[Win Mortimer]] (1919–1998)
* 2006 [[Dave Sim]] (1956-)
* 2007 [[Albert Chartier]] (1912–2004)
* 2007 [[Gerald Lazare]] (1927-)
* 2007 [[Jacques Hurtubise]] aka ZYX (1950-)
* 2007 [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982)
* 2008 [[Ted McCall]] (1901–1975)
* 2008 [[Pierre Fournier (comic books)|Pierre Fournier]] (1949-)
* 2008 [[Stanley Berneche]] (1947-)
* 2008 [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]] (1950-)
* 2009 [[George Menendez Rae]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1906–1992)
* 2009 [[Réal Godbout]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1951-)
* 2009 [[Ken Steacy]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2009 [[Diana Schutz]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2010 [[Dave Darrigo]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Serge Gaboury]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Deni Loubert]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-)
* 2010 [[Richard Comely]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1950-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[George Freeman (comics)|George Freeman]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[Claude St. Aubin]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2011 [[Chester Brown]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1960-)
* 2011 [[Todd McFarlane]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1961-)
* 2012 No Hall of Fame Inductees
* 2013 [[Vernon Miller (comics)]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}} (1912-1974)
* 2013 [[Murray Karn]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}} (1924-)
* 2013 [[Arn Saba]] now known as Katherine Collins {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}(1947-)

===Voters Choice - Outstanding International Creator===
* 2006 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2007 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' and ''[[Doctor Strange: The Oath]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Pride of Baghdad]]'', ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2008 [[Ed Brubaker]] for ''[[Captain America]]'', ''[[Criminal (comics)|Criminal]]'', ''[[Immortal Iron Fist]]'' and ''[[Uncanny X-Men]]'' ([[Marvel Comics]])
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (English Language)===
* 2007 Dan Kim for ''April & May & June, ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''.
* 2008 [[Faith Erin Hicks]] for ''[[Zombies Calling]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (French Language)===
* 2007 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''[[Paul a la Pêche]]'', published by [[La Pastèque]].
* 2008 [[Philippe Girard]] for ''[[Danger Public]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

==See also==
{{Portal|Comics|Canada}}
*[[Doug Wright Award]]
*[[Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=20em}}

===Works cited===
{{Refbegin|indent=y|colwidth=40em}}

: {{cite book
|ref = harv
|authorlink = John Bell (historian)
|last = Bell
|first = John
|title = Invaders from the North: How Canada Conquered the Comic Book Universe
|location = Toronto
|publisher = [[Dundurn Press]]
|year = 2006
|isbn = 978-1-55002-659-7}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|MacDonald|2011}}
|url = http://www.comicsbeat.com/2011/06/20/2011-joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = 2011 Joe Shuster Award winners announced
|first = Heidi
|last = MacDonald
|author-link = Heidi MacDonald
|publisher = [http://www.comicsbeat.com The Beat]
|date = 2011-06-20
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Melrose|2009}}
|url = http://robot6.comicbookresources.com/2009/09/winners-of-the-2009-joe-shuster-awards/
|title = Winners of the 2009 Joe Shuster Awards
|first = Kevin
|last = Melrose
|publisher = [[Comic Book Resources]]
|date = 2009-09-27
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Spurgeon|2012}}
|title = Your 2012 Joe Shuster Awards Winners
|first = Tom
|last = Spurgeon
|author-link = Tom Spurgeon
|url = http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/your_2012_joe_shuster_awards_winners/
|publisher = ''The Comics Reporter''
|date = 2012-09-18
|accessdate = 2012-09-19}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Spurgeon|2013}}
|title = Your 2013 Joe Shuster Awards Winners
|first = Tom
|last = Spurgeon
|author-link = Tom Spurgeon
|url = http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/your_2013_joe_shuster_award_winners/
|publisher = ''The Comics Reporter''
|date = 2013-08-25
|accessdate = 2013-08-26}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Awards to be given for Canadian comic-book excellence
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 267
|page = 47
|month = April
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Sim, Cooke among Shuster Winners
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 269
|page = 48
|month = July
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Nominees Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 275
|page = 33
|month = April
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Winners Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 277
|page = 27–28
|month = July
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite news
|ref = {{SfnRef|Vu|2010}}
|url = http://arts.nationalpost.com/2010/06/07/joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = Joe Shuster Award-winners announced
|first = Liem
|last = Vu
|newspaper = [[The National Post]]
|date = 2010-06-07
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite book
|ref = {{SfnRef|Weiner, et al.|2010}}
|title = Graphic Novels and Comics in Libraries and Archives: Essays on Readers, Research, History and Cataloging
|year = 2010
|publisher = McFarland
|isbn = 078644302
|first = Robert G.
|last = Weiner
|coauthors = Randall William Scott, Elizabeth Figa, Amy Kiste Nyberg, William T. Fee, Francisca Goldsmith
|editor-first = Robert G.
|editor-last = Weiner}}

{{Refend}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://www.joeshusterawards.com}}
* [http://theexcerpt.com/2010/06/an-interview-with-kevin-boyd-of-the-joe-shuster-awards/ Interview with Kevin Boyd about the awards]
* Jamie Coville's audio recordings of the [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/JoeShusterAwards2006.mp3 2nd (2006)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2007JoeShusterAwards-Full.mp3 3rd (2007)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/08-06-14-JSAfull.MP3 4th (2008)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2009-09-26-JoeShusterAwards.mp3 5th (2009)] and [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/10-06-05-6thJoeShusterAwards.mp3 6th (2010)] Annual Awards
* Jamie Coville covers the [http://www.collectortimes.com/2005_06/cons2.html 1st (2005)], [http://www.collectortimes.com/2006_06/cons2.html 2nd (2006)] and [http://www.collectortimes.com/2007_07/cons1.html 3rd (2007)] Awards Ceremony for the Collector Times
* [http://thefablerblog.com/kevins-column/the-fabler-blog-looks-at-the-2010-joe-shuster-award-nominees The Fabler Blog looks at the 2010 Nominees]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=1709#respond Metro Columnist Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2008 Awards ceremony]
* [http://kev-the-mev.livejournal.com/101536.html?mode=reply 4th Annual JSA's Completed!]
* [http://www.bestofmostof.com/07jun/index070611.htm Blake Bell covers the 2007 Awards Ceremony]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=789 Metro columnist & CCBCAA member Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2007 Awards ceremony]
* [http://www.cbc.ca/arts/story/2005/05/02/comicawards050502.html Canadian comic-book awards: one down, one to go] CBC Arts report on the 1st year

{{Canadian comics}}

[[Category:Comics awards in Canada|Joe Shuster]]

Joe Shuster Award

2013-10-18T20:44:43Z

192.75.165.28: /* Hall of Fame Inductees */

{{Infobox award
| name = Joe Shuster Award
| current_awards =
| image = JoeShusterAward2007Logo.jpg
| imagesize =
| alt = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| caption = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| description = Outstanding achievements in [[Canadian comics]]
| presenter = [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]]
| host =
| date = 
| location =
| country = [[Canada]]
| reward =
| year =
| year2 =
| holder =
| website = http://www.joeshusterawards.com
| network =
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The '''Joe Shuster Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards''' (or '''Joe Shuster Awards''') are given out annually for outstanding achievements in the creation of [[comic books]], [[graphic novels]], [[webcomics]], and comics retailers and publishers by [[Canadian comics|Canadians]]. The awards, first handed out in April 2005, are named in honour of [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), the Canadian-born co-creator of [[Superman]].

The [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]] is a not-for-profit organization formed in 2004 to administer the awards.

==Overview==
The Joe Shuster Awards are comic book industry oriented awards that recognize the achievements of [[Canadian]] citizens and permanent residents.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} Founded initially as an English language comics award the criteria has been changed and refined since 2006 to be inclusive of all works published in Canada (see Language Criteria). The majority of the awards were initially committee-nominated, public-vote awards{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}, with write-in nominations accepted for the International Creator award.{{sfn|Stump|2005a}} This was changed in 2008 to a committee-nominated, jury-selected model, with publishers nominating works within the relevant award category.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} The model established in 2008 was designed to eliminate voter bias and [[ballot stuffing]]. The jury deliberates until they agree on a winner, discussing the merits of each candidate.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}}

They are named after Canadian-born cartoonist [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), who co-created [[Superman]] in 1938.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}} The name is used with the approval of the Estate of Joe Shuster (Michael Catron, Estate Agent).{{cn|date=September 2012}} The award, which focuses mainly on mainstream comics, is complemented by the [[Doug Wright Award]]s, which focuses on alternative comics, cartooning, and comic strips.{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}}

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
The late Harry Kremer, owner of Now & Then Books in [[Regional Municipality of Waterloo|Kitchener-Waterloo]], [[Ontario]], was a true pioneer in the industry and a constant and tireless promoter and patron of the medium and owner one of the first comic book specialty stores in Canada. His memory is kept alive in the award that has been named after him – the Outstanding Canadian Comic Book Retailer Award.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} The Award was given to Kremer's store in 2005, with open voting from 2006 onwards.{{sfn|Stump|2006b}}

===Gene Day Self-Publisher Award===
Named after the late comics artist and self-publisher [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982), this award honours Canadian comic book creators or creative teams who self-published their work, but did not have the books distributed by a third party distributor. The award winner receives a bursary of $500. The award was introduced in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shuster Awards Announce Honor Named for Gene Day|url=http://www.comicbookbin.com/joeshusterawardsnews001.html|publisher=Comic Book Bin|accessdate=13 September 2012|date=May 3 2009}}</ref> Prior to this, Dave Sim had established a Gene Day award distributed annually at the [[Small Press and Alternative Comics Expo]] in [[Columbus, Ohio]] from 2002 to 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.backporchcomics.com/space.htm |title=SPACE |publisher=BackPorchComics.com |date= |accessdate=2011-07-18}}</ref>

===Comics For Kids Award===
This award, established in 2004,{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} Works considered for this award are comic books and graphic novels that are targeted at readers 14 and under. Nominees are selected by a team of educators led by Jennifer Haines, MA, B.Ed., who is also the proprietor of Guelph, Ontario’s The Dragon comic book shop.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

===Canadian Comic Book Creator Hall of Fame===
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
Includes dozens of creators such as [[Hal Foster]], [[Win Mortimer]], [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]], [[Dave Sim]] and more.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Language Criteria==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards honour original work published during the previous calendar year in any language. However, Canada has two official languages - French and English, so extra research and attention is given to works published in the two official languages. In order to ensure that bilingual works are included on the ballot, two nominating committees select the finalists in each official language and the finalists are merged for the announced ballot. The nominated books are then given to jury members who can read both official languages for equal consideration.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Nationality and residency==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards are open to all Canadian Citizens.

Canadian citizens who have chosen to reside outside of Canada are still eligible for consideration, unless they contact the Awards Organization and notify them that they have surrendered their Canadian citizenship and no longer wish to be considered for their recent work as a Canadian citizen.

Non-Canadians who have achieved Permanent Residency status in Canada are also eligible for consideration. In order to be considered for inclusion as a resident, the individual must have lived in Canada for three years. Permanent Residents who do not wish to be considered may opt out of the Awards program before the selection process begins by sending a statement in writing to the Awards Organization. If an approved Permanent Resident moves away from Canada, they are no longer considered eligible for the awards.

==Categories==

Categories and winners of Joe Shuster Awards are as follows:

===Outstanding Achievement===
*2005 [[Dave Sim]] and [[Gerhard (comics artist)|Gerhard]] for completing ''[[Cerebus]]'' in 2004. Begun in 1977, this 300-issue series is a milestone in comic book publishing and is the longest running creator-owned comic book series.{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006-2007 No winner
* 2008 David Watkins for using comic books as a teaching tool.
* 2009 Category suspended

===Outstanding Artist===
* 2005 [[Kaare Andrews]] for ''[[Spider-Man]]/[[Doctor Octopus]]: Year One'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Pia Guerra]] for ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]]) and a story in ''[[Spider-Man]] Unlimited'' #10 (published by [[Marvel Comics]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] and [[J. Bone]] for ''[[Batman/The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Dale Eaglesham]] for ''[[Justice Society of America]]'' #2-4, 6-7, 9-11 ([[DC Comics]])
* 2009 [[David Finch (comics)|David Finch]] for ''[[Ultimatum (Ultimate Marvel)|Ultimatum]]'' #1-2{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Stuart Immonen]] for ''[[Ultimate Spider-Man]] 130-133'', ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]] 55-60'', ''[[Fantastic Four]] 569'' (Marvel), ''The CBLDF Presents Liberty Comics 2 – "Trampoline Hall"'' (Image Comics){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Francis Manapul]] for [[Adventure Comics]]#6, [[The Flash]]#1-6, [[Superman/Batman]]#75 ([[DC Comics]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Stuart Immonen]] for [["Fear Itself (comics)|"Fear Itself]] #1-7; "Queen, King, Off-Suit"/''X-Men: To Serve and Protect'' #4; "Say You're Dead"/''Outlaw Territory'' Volume 2{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Isabelle Arsenault]] for [["Jane, le renard & moi"]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & I]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Cartoonist (Writer/Artist)===
* 2005 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[DC: The New Frontier]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Bryan Lee O'Malley]] for ''[[Scott Pilgrim]]'' Vol. 2 (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Spirit (comics)|The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Jeff Lemire]] for ''[[Essex County Trilogy|Essex County]] Vol. 1: Tales From The Farm'', ''Essex County Vol. 2: Ghost Stories'' ([[Top Shelf Productions|Top Shelf]])
* 2009 [[Dave Sim]] for ''[[Glamourpuss]] #1-4'' and ''Judenhass''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''Paul, tome 06: [[Paul à Québec]]'' (La Pastèque){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Tin Can Forest]] for [[Baba Yaga and the Wolf]] ([[Koyama Press]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Ramon K Pérez]] for ''[[Jim Henson's Tale of Sand]]''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Jeff Lemire]] for [[The Underwater Welder]] and [[Sweet Tooth]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Publisher===
* 2005 [[Arcana Studio]]{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2007 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2008 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2009 [[Les 400 coups]] / [[Mécanique Générale]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[La Pastèque]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Koyama Press]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Writer===
* 2005 (tie) [[Samm Barnes]] for ''[[Doctor Spectrum]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 (tie) [[Ty Templeton]] for ''The [[Batman Adventures]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[J. Torres]] for ''[[Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight]]'' and ''[[Teen Titans Go!]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]), and ''[[Love As A Foreign Language]]'' (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Superman Confidential]]'' #1-2 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Cecil Castellucci]] for ''[[The P.L.A.I.N. Janes]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]])
* 2009 [[Mariko Tamaki]] for ''[[Skim (graphic novel)|Skim]]'' ([[Groundwood Books]]) and ''[[Emiko Superstar]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Maryse Dubuc]] for ''[[The Bellybuttons|Les Nombrils 4: Duels de belles]]'' ([[Dupuis]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emilie Villeneuve]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Kurtis J. Wiebe]] for [[The Green Wake]] #1-8; [[The Intrepids]] #1-6; "Logan's Lost Lesson"/''Marvel Holiday Special 2011''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Fanny Britt]] for [[Jane, le renard & moi]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & Me]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding WebComic Creator/Creative Team===
* 2007 Dan Kim, for ''April & May & June'', ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''
* 2008 [[Ryan Sohmer]] & [[Lar deSouza]], for ''[[Looking for Group]]'' & ''[[Least I Could Do]]''
* 2009 [[Cameron Stewart]] for ''[[Sin Titulo]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Karl Kerschl]] for ''[[The Abominable Charles Christopher]]''{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emily Carroll]] for ''[[His Face All Red]]'' and more{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Emily Carroll]] for various comics, 2011{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Michael DeForge]] for ''[[Ant Comic]]'' {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Colourist===
* 2008 [[Dave McCaig]] for ''[[Nextwave]]'', Agents of H.A.T.E. #12, ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]]'' #27-35, ''[[Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America]]'' #1: ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'', ''[[Marvel Comics Presents]]'' #1-4, ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'' #50, ''[[Avengers (comics)|Avengers]] Classic'' #7 ([[Marvel Comics]]) DC Infinite Halloween Special #1 ([[DC Comics]]), ''[[The Other Side (comics)|The Other Side]]'' #4-5 ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Vertigo (DC Comics)|Vertigo]]) ''[[Stephen Colbert]]’s [[Tek Jansen]]'' #1 ([[Oni Press]])
* 2009 [[François Lapierre]] for ''“Gédéon et la bête du lac” [[Contes et légendes du Québec]]'' (Glénat Québec), ''[[Magasin général]] 4'' (Casterman){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Nathan Fairbairn]] for ''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]] #605, [[Dark Reign: The List]] – X-Men #1, [[Dark X-Men]]: The Confession #1 (Cover), [[Guardians of the Galaxy (2008 team)|Guardians of the Galaxy]] #16, 18-19, [[House of M: Masters of Evil]] #1, [[Marvel Mystery Comics]] 70th Anniversary Special #1, [[Nation X]] #1, [[Realm of Kings]]: Imperial Guard #1-2, [[Timestorm 2009–2099]]: [[Spider-Man]], [[War of Kings]]: Warriors #2, [[Wolverine (comic book)|Wolverine]] #72, [[Wolverine: Origins]] #32, [[Wolverine: Weapon X]] #6-8, [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #39-50, 200 (Variant) (Cover), [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #45, [[X-Men: Kingbreaker]] #2-4, [[Gambit (comics)|X-Men Origins: Gambit]] #1'' (Marvel Comics), ''[[Tek Jansen|Stephen Colbert’s Tek Jansen]] #4-5'' (Oni Press){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Julie Rocheleau (comics)|Julie Rocheleau]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Cover (2008-2010) / Cover Artist (2011-)===
* 2008 [[Steve Skroce]] for ''[[Doc Frankenstein]]'' #6 ([[Burlyman Entertainment|Burleyman]])
* 2009 [[Niko Henrichon]] for ''[[Hostile]] Tome 1: Impact'' (Dupuis){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Richard Stark's Parker: The Hunter]]'' (IDW){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Fiona Staples]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[François Lapierre]] for ''Chroniques Sauvages''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Mike Del Mundo]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Comics for Kids Award ===
* 2009 ''[[Jellaby]] Book 1'' by [[Kean Soo]] {{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 ''[[Nightschool]]: The Weirn Books Vols.1-2'' ([[Yen Press]]) by [[Svetlana Chmakova]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 ''[[Three Thieves Book One: Tower of Treasure]]'' ([[Kids Can Press]]) by [[Scott Chantler]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 ''[[Ariane et Nicolas]] Tome 6: Les Toiles Mysterieuses'' by [[Paul Roux ]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 ''[[Cat’s Cradle]] Volume 1: The Golden Twine'' by [[Joe Rioux]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Gene Day Award for Canadian Self-Publishing (New in 2009)===
* 2009 [[Jesse Jacobs]] for ''[[Blue Winter, Shapes in the Snow]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Ethan Rilly]] for ''[[Pope Hats]]'' No.1{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[John Martz]] for ''[[Heaven All Day]]''{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Dakota McFadzean]] for Ghost Rabbit{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Cory McCallum]] and [[Matthew Daley]] - ''[[The Pig Sleep]]: A Mr. Monitor Case''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
* 2005 [[Now & Then Books]] ([[Kitchener, Ontario]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Strange Adventures (comics retailer)|Strange Adventures]] ([[Halifax Urban Area|Halifax, Nova Scotia]])
* 2007 [[Happy Harbor Comics|Happy Harbor]] ([[Edmonton, Alberta]])
* 2008 [[Big B Comics]] ([[Hamilton, Ontario]])
* 2009 [[Legends Comics and Books]] ([[Victoria, British Columbia]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[The Beguiling]] ([[Toronto, Ontario]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Planète BD]] ([[Montreal, Quebec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Silver Snail]] (Toronto, Ontario){{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Heroes Comics]] ([[London, Ontario]]){{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Hall of Fame Inductees===
* 2005 [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Leo Bachle]] (a.k.a. Les Barker) (1926–2003){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Adrian Dingle (cartoonist)|Adrian Dingle]] (1911–1974){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Hal Foster]] (1892–1982){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Ed Furness]] (1911–2005){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Rand Holmes]] (1942–2002){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Jon St. Ables]] (1912–1999)
* 2006 [[Owen McCarron]] (1929–2005)
* 2006 [[Win Mortimer]] (1919–1998)
* 2006 [[Dave Sim]] (1956-)
* 2007 [[Albert Chartier]] (1912–2004)
* 2007 [[Gerald Lazare]] (1927-)
* 2007 [[Jacques Hurtubise]] aka ZYX (1950-)
* 2007 [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982)
* 2008 [[Ted McCall]] (1901–1975)
* 2008 [[Pierre Fournier (comic books)|Pierre Fournier]] (1949-)
* 2008 [[Stanley Berneche]] (1947-)
* 2008 [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]] (1950-)
* 2009 [[George Menendez Rae]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1906–1992)
* 2009 [[Réal Godbout]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1951-)
* 2009 [[Ken Steacy]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2009 [[Diana Schutz]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2010 [[Dave Darrigo]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Serge Gaboury]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Deni Loubert]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-)
* 2010 [[Richard Comely]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1950-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[George Freeman (comics)|George Freeman]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[Claude St. Aubin]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2011 [[Chester Brown]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1960-)
* 2011 [[Todd McFarlane]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1961-)
* 2012 No Hall of Fame Inductees
* 2013 [[Vernon Miller (comics)]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}} (1912-1974)
* 2013 [[Murray Karn]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}} (1924-)
* 2013 [[Arn Saba]] now known as Katherine Collins {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}(1947-)

===Voters Choice - Outstanding International Creator===
* 2006 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2007 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' and ''[[Doctor Strange: The Oath]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Pride of Baghdad]]'', ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2008 [[Ed Brubaker]] for ''[[Captain America]]'', ''[[Criminal (comics)|Criminal]]'', ''[[Immortal Iron Fist]]'' and ''[[Uncanny X-Men]]'' ([[Marvel Comics]])
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (English Language)===
* 2007 Dan Kim for ''April & May & June, ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''.
* 2008 [[Faith Erin Hicks]] for ''[[Zombies Calling]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (French Language)===
* 2007 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''[[Paul a la Pêche]]'', published by [[La Pastèque]].
* 2008 [[Philippe Girard]] for ''[[Danger Public]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

==See also==
{{Portal|Comics|Canada}}
*[[Doug Wright Award]]
*[[Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=20em}}

===Works cited===
{{Refbegin|indent=y|colwidth=40em}}

: {{cite book
|ref = harv
|authorlink = John Bell (historian)
|last = Bell
|first = John
|title = Invaders from the North: How Canada Conquered the Comic Book Universe
|location = Toronto
|publisher = [[Dundurn Press]]
|year = 2006
|isbn = 978-1-55002-659-7}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|MacDonald|2011}}
|url = http://www.comicsbeat.com/2011/06/20/2011-joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = 2011 Joe Shuster Award winners announced
|first = Heidi
|last = MacDonald
|author-link = Heidi MacDonald
|publisher = [http://www.comicsbeat.com The Beat]
|date = 2011-06-20
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Melrose|2009}}
|url = http://robot6.comicbookresources.com/2009/09/winners-of-the-2009-joe-shuster-awards/
|title = Winners of the 2009 Joe Shuster Awards
|first = Kevin
|last = Melrose
|publisher = [[Comic Book Resources]]
|date = 2009-09-27
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Spurgeon|2012}}
|title = Your 2012 Joe Shuster Awards Winners
|first = Tom
|last = Spurgeon
|author-link = Tom Spurgeon
|url = http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/your_2012_joe_shuster_awards_winners/
|publisher = ''The Comics Reporter''
|date = 2012-09-18
|accessdate = 2012-09-19}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Awards to be given for Canadian comic-book excellence
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 267
|page = 47
|month = April
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Sim, Cooke among Shuster Winners
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 269
|page = 48
|month = July
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Nominees Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 275
|page = 33
|month = April
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Winners Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 277
|page = 27–28
|month = July
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite news
|ref = {{SfnRef|Vu|2010}}
|url = http://arts.nationalpost.com/2010/06/07/joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = Joe Shuster Award-winners announced
|first = Liem
|last = Vu
|newspaper = [[The National Post]]
|date = 2010-06-07
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite book
|ref = {{SfnRef|Weiner, et al.|2010}}
|title = Graphic Novels and Comics in Libraries and Archives: Essays on Readers, Research, History and Cataloging
|year = 2010
|publisher = McFarland
|isbn = 078644302
|first = Robert G.
|last = Weiner
|coauthors = Randall William Scott, Elizabeth Figa, Amy Kiste Nyberg, William T. Fee, Francisca Goldsmith
|editor-first = Robert G.
|editor-last = Weiner}}

{{Refend}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://www.joeshusterawards.com}}
* [http://theexcerpt.com/2010/06/an-interview-with-kevin-boyd-of-the-joe-shuster-awards/ Interview with Kevin Boyd about the awards]
* Jamie Coville's audio recordings of the [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/JoeShusterAwards2006.mp3 2nd (2006)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2007JoeShusterAwards-Full.mp3 3rd (2007)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/08-06-14-JSAfull.MP3 4th (2008)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2009-09-26-JoeShusterAwards.mp3 5th (2009)] and [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/10-06-05-6thJoeShusterAwards.mp3 6th (2010)] Annual Awards
* Jamie Coville covers the [http://www.collectortimes.com/2005_06/cons2.html 1st (2005)], [http://www.collectortimes.com/2006_06/cons2.html 2nd (2006)] and [http://www.collectortimes.com/2007_07/cons1.html 3rd (2007)] Awards Ceremony for the Collector Times
* [http://thefablerblog.com/kevins-column/the-fabler-blog-looks-at-the-2010-joe-shuster-award-nominees The Fabler Blog looks at the 2010 Nominees]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=1709#respond Metro Columnist Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2008 Awards ceremony]
* [http://kev-the-mev.livejournal.com/101536.html?mode=reply 4th Annual JSA's Completed!]
* [http://www.bestofmostof.com/07jun/index070611.htm Blake Bell covers the 2007 Awards Ceremony]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=789 Metro columnist & CCBCAA member Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2007 Awards ceremony]
* [http://www.cbc.ca/arts/story/2005/05/02/comicawards050502.html Canadian comic-book awards: one down, one to go] CBC Arts report on the 1st year

{{Canadian comics}}

[[Category:Comics awards in Canada|Joe Shuster]]

Joe Shuster Award

2013-10-18T20:42:34Z

192.75.165.28: /* Hall of Fame Inductees */

{{Infobox award
| name = Joe Shuster Award
| current_awards =
| image = JoeShusterAward2007Logo.jpg
| imagesize =
| alt = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| caption = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| description = Outstanding achievements in [[Canadian comics]]
| presenter = [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]]
| host =
| date = 
| location =
| country = [[Canada]]
| reward =
| year =
| year2 =
| holder =
| website = http://www.joeshusterawards.com
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The '''Joe Shuster Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards''' (or '''Joe Shuster Awards''') are given out annually for outstanding achievements in the creation of [[comic books]], [[graphic novels]], [[webcomics]], and comics retailers and publishers by [[Canadian comics|Canadians]]. The awards, first handed out in April 2005, are named in honour of [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), the Canadian-born co-creator of [[Superman]].

The [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]] is a not-for-profit organization formed in 2004 to administer the awards.

==Overview==
The Joe Shuster Awards are comic book industry oriented awards that recognize the achievements of [[Canadian]] citizens and permanent residents.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} Founded initially as an English language comics award the criteria has been changed and refined since 2006 to be inclusive of all works published in Canada (see Language Criteria). The majority of the awards were initially committee-nominated, public-vote awards{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}, with write-in nominations accepted for the International Creator award.{{sfn|Stump|2005a}} This was changed in 2008 to a committee-nominated, jury-selected model, with publishers nominating works within the relevant award category.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} The model established in 2008 was designed to eliminate voter bias and [[ballot stuffing]]. The jury deliberates until they agree on a winner, discussing the merits of each candidate.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}}

They are named after Canadian-born cartoonist [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), who co-created [[Superman]] in 1938.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}} The name is used with the approval of the Estate of Joe Shuster (Michael Catron, Estate Agent).{{cn|date=September 2012}} The award, which focuses mainly on mainstream comics, is complemented by the [[Doug Wright Award]]s, which focuses on alternative comics, cartooning, and comic strips.{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}}

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
The late Harry Kremer, owner of Now & Then Books in [[Regional Municipality of Waterloo|Kitchener-Waterloo]], [[Ontario]], was a true pioneer in the industry and a constant and tireless promoter and patron of the medium and owner one of the first comic book specialty stores in Canada. His memory is kept alive in the award that has been named after him – the Outstanding Canadian Comic Book Retailer Award.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} The Award was given to Kremer's store in 2005, with open voting from 2006 onwards.{{sfn|Stump|2006b}}

===Gene Day Self-Publisher Award===
Named after the late comics artist and self-publisher [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982), this award honours Canadian comic book creators or creative teams who self-published their work, but did not have the books distributed by a third party distributor. The award winner receives a bursary of $500. The award was introduced in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shuster Awards Announce Honor Named for Gene Day|url=http://www.comicbookbin.com/joeshusterawardsnews001.html|publisher=Comic Book Bin|accessdate=13 September 2012|date=May 3 2009}}</ref> Prior to this, Dave Sim had established a Gene Day award distributed annually at the [[Small Press and Alternative Comics Expo]] in [[Columbus, Ohio]] from 2002 to 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.backporchcomics.com/space.htm |title=SPACE |publisher=BackPorchComics.com |date= |accessdate=2011-07-18}}</ref>

===Comics For Kids Award===
This award, established in 2004,{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} Works considered for this award are comic books and graphic novels that are targeted at readers 14 and under. Nominees are selected by a team of educators led by Jennifer Haines, MA, B.Ed., who is also the proprietor of Guelph, Ontario’s The Dragon comic book shop.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

===Canadian Comic Book Creator Hall of Fame===
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
Includes dozens of creators such as [[Hal Foster]], [[Win Mortimer]], [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]], [[Dave Sim]] and more.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Language Criteria==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards honour original work published during the previous calendar year in any language. However, Canada has two official languages - French and English, so extra research and attention is given to works published in the two official languages. In order to ensure that bilingual works are included on the ballot, two nominating committees select the finalists in each official language and the finalists are merged for the announced ballot. The nominated books are then given to jury members who can read both official languages for equal consideration.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Nationality and residency==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards are open to all Canadian Citizens.

Canadian citizens who have chosen to reside outside of Canada are still eligible for consideration, unless they contact the Awards Organization and notify them that they have surrendered their Canadian citizenship and no longer wish to be considered for their recent work as a Canadian citizen.

Non-Canadians who have achieved Permanent Residency status in Canada are also eligible for consideration. In order to be considered for inclusion as a resident, the individual must have lived in Canada for three years. Permanent Residents who do not wish to be considered may opt out of the Awards program before the selection process begins by sending a statement in writing to the Awards Organization. If an approved Permanent Resident moves away from Canada, they are no longer considered eligible for the awards.

==Categories==

Categories and winners of Joe Shuster Awards are as follows:

===Outstanding Achievement===
*2005 [[Dave Sim]] and [[Gerhard (comics artist)|Gerhard]] for completing ''[[Cerebus]]'' in 2004. Begun in 1977, this 300-issue series is a milestone in comic book publishing and is the longest running creator-owned comic book series.{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006-2007 No winner
* 2008 David Watkins for using comic books as a teaching tool.
* 2009 Category suspended

===Outstanding Artist===
* 2005 [[Kaare Andrews]] for ''[[Spider-Man]]/[[Doctor Octopus]]: Year One'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Pia Guerra]] for ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]]) and a story in ''[[Spider-Man]] Unlimited'' #10 (published by [[Marvel Comics]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] and [[J. Bone]] for ''[[Batman/The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Dale Eaglesham]] for ''[[Justice Society of America]]'' #2-4, 6-7, 9-11 ([[DC Comics]])
* 2009 [[David Finch (comics)|David Finch]] for ''[[Ultimatum (Ultimate Marvel)|Ultimatum]]'' #1-2{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Stuart Immonen]] for ''[[Ultimate Spider-Man]] 130-133'', ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]] 55-60'', ''[[Fantastic Four]] 569'' (Marvel), ''The CBLDF Presents Liberty Comics 2 – "Trampoline Hall"'' (Image Comics){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Francis Manapul]] for [[Adventure Comics]]#6, [[The Flash]]#1-6, [[Superman/Batman]]#75 ([[DC Comics]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Stuart Immonen]] for [["Fear Itself (comics)|"Fear Itself]] #1-7; "Queen, King, Off-Suit"/''X-Men: To Serve and Protect'' #4; "Say You're Dead"/''Outlaw Territory'' Volume 2{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Isabelle Arsenault]] for [["Jane, le renard & moi"]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & I]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Cartoonist (Writer/Artist)===
* 2005 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[DC: The New Frontier]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Bryan Lee O'Malley]] for ''[[Scott Pilgrim]]'' Vol. 2 (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Spirit (comics)|The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Jeff Lemire]] for ''[[Essex County Trilogy|Essex County]] Vol. 1: Tales From The Farm'', ''Essex County Vol. 2: Ghost Stories'' ([[Top Shelf Productions|Top Shelf]])
* 2009 [[Dave Sim]] for ''[[Glamourpuss]] #1-4'' and ''Judenhass''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''Paul, tome 06: [[Paul à Québec]]'' (La Pastèque){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Tin Can Forest]] for [[Baba Yaga and the Wolf]] ([[Koyama Press]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Ramon K Pérez]] for ''[[Jim Henson's Tale of Sand]]''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Jeff Lemire]] for [[The Underwater Welder]] and [[Sweet Tooth]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Publisher===
* 2005 [[Arcana Studio]]{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2007 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2008 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2009 [[Les 400 coups]] / [[Mécanique Générale]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[La Pastèque]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Koyama Press]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Writer===
* 2005 (tie) [[Samm Barnes]] for ''[[Doctor Spectrum]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 (tie) [[Ty Templeton]] for ''The [[Batman Adventures]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[J. Torres]] for ''[[Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight]]'' and ''[[Teen Titans Go!]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]), and ''[[Love As A Foreign Language]]'' (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Superman Confidential]]'' #1-2 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Cecil Castellucci]] for ''[[The P.L.A.I.N. Janes]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]])
* 2009 [[Mariko Tamaki]] for ''[[Skim (graphic novel)|Skim]]'' ([[Groundwood Books]]) and ''[[Emiko Superstar]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Maryse Dubuc]] for ''[[The Bellybuttons|Les Nombrils 4: Duels de belles]]'' ([[Dupuis]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emilie Villeneuve]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Kurtis J. Wiebe]] for [[The Green Wake]] #1-8; [[The Intrepids]] #1-6; "Logan's Lost Lesson"/''Marvel Holiday Special 2011''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Fanny Britt]] for [[Jane, le renard & moi]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & Me]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding WebComic Creator/Creative Team===
* 2007 Dan Kim, for ''April & May & June'', ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''
* 2008 [[Ryan Sohmer]] & [[Lar deSouza]], for ''[[Looking for Group]]'' & ''[[Least I Could Do]]''
* 2009 [[Cameron Stewart]] for ''[[Sin Titulo]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Karl Kerschl]] for ''[[The Abominable Charles Christopher]]''{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emily Carroll]] for ''[[His Face All Red]]'' and more{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Emily Carroll]] for various comics, 2011{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Michael DeForge]] for ''[[Ant Comic]]'' {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Colourist===
* 2008 [[Dave McCaig]] for ''[[Nextwave]]'', Agents of H.A.T.E. #12, ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]]'' #27-35, ''[[Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America]]'' #1: ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'', ''[[Marvel Comics Presents]]'' #1-4, ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'' #50, ''[[Avengers (comics)|Avengers]] Classic'' #7 ([[Marvel Comics]]) DC Infinite Halloween Special #1 ([[DC Comics]]), ''[[The Other Side (comics)|The Other Side]]'' #4-5 ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Vertigo (DC Comics)|Vertigo]]) ''[[Stephen Colbert]]’s [[Tek Jansen]]'' #1 ([[Oni Press]])
* 2009 [[François Lapierre]] for ''“Gédéon et la bête du lac” [[Contes et légendes du Québec]]'' (Glénat Québec), ''[[Magasin général]] 4'' (Casterman){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Nathan Fairbairn]] for ''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]] #605, [[Dark Reign: The List]] – X-Men #1, [[Dark X-Men]]: The Confession #1 (Cover), [[Guardians of the Galaxy (2008 team)|Guardians of the Galaxy]] #16, 18-19, [[House of M: Masters of Evil]] #1, [[Marvel Mystery Comics]] 70th Anniversary Special #1, [[Nation X]] #1, [[Realm of Kings]]: Imperial Guard #1-2, [[Timestorm 2009–2099]]: [[Spider-Man]], [[War of Kings]]: Warriors #2, [[Wolverine (comic book)|Wolverine]] #72, [[Wolverine: Origins]] #32, [[Wolverine: Weapon X]] #6-8, [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #39-50, 200 (Variant) (Cover), [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #45, [[X-Men: Kingbreaker]] #2-4, [[Gambit (comics)|X-Men Origins: Gambit]] #1'' (Marvel Comics), ''[[Tek Jansen|Stephen Colbert’s Tek Jansen]] #4-5'' (Oni Press){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Julie Rocheleau (comics)|Julie Rocheleau]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Cover (2008-2010) / Cover Artist (2011-)===
* 2008 [[Steve Skroce]] for ''[[Doc Frankenstein]]'' #6 ([[Burlyman Entertainment|Burleyman]])
* 2009 [[Niko Henrichon]] for ''[[Hostile]] Tome 1: Impact'' (Dupuis){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Richard Stark's Parker: The Hunter]]'' (IDW){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Fiona Staples]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[François Lapierre]] for ''Chroniques Sauvages''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Mike Del Mundo]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Comics for Kids Award ===
* 2009 ''[[Jellaby]] Book 1'' by [[Kean Soo]] {{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 ''[[Nightschool]]: The Weirn Books Vols.1-2'' ([[Yen Press]]) by [[Svetlana Chmakova]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 ''[[Three Thieves Book One: Tower of Treasure]]'' ([[Kids Can Press]]) by [[Scott Chantler]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 ''[[Ariane et Nicolas]] Tome 6: Les Toiles Mysterieuses'' by [[Paul Roux ]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 ''[[Cat’s Cradle]] Volume 1: The Golden Twine'' by [[Joe Rioux]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Gene Day Award for Canadian Self-Publishing (New in 2009)===
* 2009 [[Jesse Jacobs]] for ''[[Blue Winter, Shapes in the Snow]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Ethan Rilly]] for ''[[Pope Hats]]'' No.1{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[John Martz]] for ''[[Heaven All Day]]''{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Dakota McFadzean]] for Ghost Rabbit{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Cory McCallum]] and [[Matthew Daley]] - ''[[The Pig Sleep]]: A Mr. Monitor Case''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
* 2005 [[Now & Then Books]] ([[Kitchener, Ontario]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Strange Adventures (comics retailer)|Strange Adventures]] ([[Halifax Urban Area|Halifax, Nova Scotia]])
* 2007 [[Happy Harbor Comics|Happy Harbor]] ([[Edmonton, Alberta]])
* 2008 [[Big B Comics]] ([[Hamilton, Ontario]])
* 2009 [[Legends Comics and Books]] ([[Victoria, British Columbia]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[The Beguiling]] ([[Toronto, Ontario]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Planète BD]] ([[Montreal, Quebec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Silver Snail]] (Toronto, Ontario){{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Heroes Comics]] ([[London, Ontario]]){{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Hall of Fame Inductees===
* 2005 [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Leo Bachle]] (a.k.a. Les Barker) (1926–2003){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Adrian Dingle (cartoonist)|Adrian Dingle]] (1911–1974){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Hal Foster]] (1892–1982){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Ed Furness]] (1911–2005){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Rand Holmes]] (1942–2002){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Jon St. Ables]] (1912–1999)
* 2006 [[Owen McCarron]] (1929–2005)
* 2006 [[Win Mortimer]] (1919–1998)
* 2006 [[Dave Sim]] (1956-)
* 2007 [[Albert Chartier]] (1912–2004)
* 2007 [[Gerald Lazare]] (1927-)
* 2007 [[Jacques Hurtubise]] aka ZYX (1950-)
* 2007 [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982)
* 2008 [[Ted McCall]] (1901–1975)
* 2008 [[Pierre Fournier (comic books)|Pierre Fournier]] (1949-)
* 2008 [[Stanley Berneche]] (1947-)
* 2008 [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]] (1950-)
* 2009 [[George Menendez Rae]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1906–1992)
* 2009 [[Réal Godbout]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1951-)
* 2009 [[Ken Steacy]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2009 [[Diana Schutz]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2010 [[Dave Darrigo]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Serge Gaboury]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Deni Loubert]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-)
* 2010 [[Richard Comely]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1950-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[George Freeman (comics)|George Freeman]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[Claude St. Aubin]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2011 [[Chester Brown]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1960-)
* 2011 [[Todd McFarlane]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1961-)
* 2012 No Hall of Fame Inductees
* 2013 [[Vernon Miller (comics)]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}} (1912-1974)
* 2013 [[Murray Karn]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}} (1924-)
* 2013 [[Arn Saba]] aka Katherine Collins {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}(1947-_

===Voters Choice - Outstanding International Creator===
* 2006 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2007 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' and ''[[Doctor Strange: The Oath]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Pride of Baghdad]]'', ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2008 [[Ed Brubaker]] for ''[[Captain America]]'', ''[[Criminal (comics)|Criminal]]'', ''[[Immortal Iron Fist]]'' and ''[[Uncanny X-Men]]'' ([[Marvel Comics]])
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (English Language)===
* 2007 Dan Kim for ''April & May & June, ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''.
* 2008 [[Faith Erin Hicks]] for ''[[Zombies Calling]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (French Language)===
* 2007 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''[[Paul a la Pêche]]'', published by [[La Pastèque]].
* 2008 [[Philippe Girard]] for ''[[Danger Public]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

==See also==
{{Portal|Comics|Canada}}
*[[Doug Wright Award]]
*[[Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=20em}}

===Works cited===
{{Refbegin|indent=y|colwidth=40em}}

: {{cite book
|ref = harv
|authorlink = John Bell (historian)
|last = Bell
|first = John
|title = Invaders from the North: How Canada Conquered the Comic Book Universe
|location = Toronto
|publisher = [[Dundurn Press]]
|year = 2006
|isbn = 978-1-55002-659-7}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|MacDonald|2011}}
|url = http://www.comicsbeat.com/2011/06/20/2011-joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = 2011 Joe Shuster Award winners announced
|first = Heidi
|last = MacDonald
|author-link = Heidi MacDonald
|publisher = [http://www.comicsbeat.com The Beat]
|date = 2011-06-20
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Melrose|2009}}
|url = http://robot6.comicbookresources.com/2009/09/winners-of-the-2009-joe-shuster-awards/
|title = Winners of the 2009 Joe Shuster Awards
|first = Kevin
|last = Melrose
|publisher = [[Comic Book Resources]]
|date = 2009-09-27
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Spurgeon|2012}}
|title = Your 2012 Joe Shuster Awards Winners
|first = Tom
|last = Spurgeon
|author-link = Tom Spurgeon
|url = http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/your_2012_joe_shuster_awards_winners/
|publisher = ''The Comics Reporter''
|date = 2012-09-18
|accessdate = 2012-09-19}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Awards to be given for Canadian comic-book excellence
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 267
|page = 47
|month = April
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Sim, Cooke among Shuster Winners
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 269
|page = 48
|month = July
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Nominees Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 275
|page = 33
|month = April
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Winners Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 277
|page = 27–28
|month = July
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite news
|ref = {{SfnRef|Vu|2010}}
|url = http://arts.nationalpost.com/2010/06/07/joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = Joe Shuster Award-winners announced
|first = Liem
|last = Vu
|newspaper = [[The National Post]]
|date = 2010-06-07
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite book
|ref = {{SfnRef|Weiner, et al.|2010}}
|title = Graphic Novels and Comics in Libraries and Archives: Essays on Readers, Research, History and Cataloging
|year = 2010
|publisher = McFarland
|isbn = 078644302
|first = Robert G.
|last = Weiner
|coauthors = Randall William Scott, Elizabeth Figa, Amy Kiste Nyberg, William T. Fee, Francisca Goldsmith
|editor-first = Robert G.
|editor-last = Weiner}}

{{Refend}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://www.joeshusterawards.com}}
* [http://theexcerpt.com/2010/06/an-interview-with-kevin-boyd-of-the-joe-shuster-awards/ Interview with Kevin Boyd about the awards]
* Jamie Coville's audio recordings of the [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/JoeShusterAwards2006.mp3 2nd (2006)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2007JoeShusterAwards-Full.mp3 3rd (2007)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/08-06-14-JSAfull.MP3 4th (2008)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2009-09-26-JoeShusterAwards.mp3 5th (2009)] and [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/10-06-05-6thJoeShusterAwards.mp3 6th (2010)] Annual Awards
* Jamie Coville covers the [http://www.collectortimes.com/2005_06/cons2.html 1st (2005)], [http://www.collectortimes.com/2006_06/cons2.html 2nd (2006)] and [http://www.collectortimes.com/2007_07/cons1.html 3rd (2007)] Awards Ceremony for the Collector Times
* [http://thefablerblog.com/kevins-column/the-fabler-blog-looks-at-the-2010-joe-shuster-award-nominees The Fabler Blog looks at the 2010 Nominees]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=1709#respond Metro Columnist Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2008 Awards ceremony]
* [http://kev-the-mev.livejournal.com/101536.html?mode=reply 4th Annual JSA's Completed!]
* [http://www.bestofmostof.com/07jun/index070611.htm Blake Bell covers the 2007 Awards Ceremony]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=789 Metro columnist & CCBCAA member Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2007 Awards ceremony]
* [http://www.cbc.ca/arts/story/2005/05/02/comicawards050502.html Canadian comic-book awards: one down, one to go] CBC Arts report on the 1st year

{{Canadian comics}}

[[Category:Comics awards in Canada|Joe Shuster]]

Joe Shuster Award

2013-10-18T20:41:38Z

192.75.165.28: /* Hall of Fame Inductees */

{{Infobox award
| name = Joe Shuster Award
| current_awards =
| image = JoeShusterAward2007Logo.jpg
| imagesize =
| alt = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| caption = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| description = Outstanding achievements in [[Canadian comics]]
| presenter = [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]]
| host =
| date = 
| location =
| country = [[Canada]]
| reward =
| year =
| year2 =
| holder =
| website = http://www.joeshusterawards.com
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The '''Joe Shuster Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards''' (or '''Joe Shuster Awards''') are given out annually for outstanding achievements in the creation of [[comic books]], [[graphic novels]], [[webcomics]], and comics retailers and publishers by [[Canadian comics|Canadians]]. The awards, first handed out in April 2005, are named in honour of [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), the Canadian-born co-creator of [[Superman]].

The [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]] is a not-for-profit organization formed in 2004 to administer the awards.

==Overview==
The Joe Shuster Awards are comic book industry oriented awards that recognize the achievements of [[Canadian]] citizens and permanent residents.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} Founded initially as an English language comics award the criteria has been changed and refined since 2006 to be inclusive of all works published in Canada (see Language Criteria). The majority of the awards were initially committee-nominated, public-vote awards{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}, with write-in nominations accepted for the International Creator award.{{sfn|Stump|2005a}} This was changed in 2008 to a committee-nominated, jury-selected model, with publishers nominating works within the relevant award category.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} The model established in 2008 was designed to eliminate voter bias and [[ballot stuffing]]. The jury deliberates until they agree on a winner, discussing the merits of each candidate.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}}

They are named after Canadian-born cartoonist [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), who co-created [[Superman]] in 1938.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}} The name is used with the approval of the Estate of Joe Shuster (Michael Catron, Estate Agent).{{cn|date=September 2012}} The award, which focuses mainly on mainstream comics, is complemented by the [[Doug Wright Award]]s, which focuses on alternative comics, cartooning, and comic strips.{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}}

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
The late Harry Kremer, owner of Now & Then Books in [[Regional Municipality of Waterloo|Kitchener-Waterloo]], [[Ontario]], was a true pioneer in the industry and a constant and tireless promoter and patron of the medium and owner one of the first comic book specialty stores in Canada. His memory is kept alive in the award that has been named after him – the Outstanding Canadian Comic Book Retailer Award.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} The Award was given to Kremer's store in 2005, with open voting from 2006 onwards.{{sfn|Stump|2006b}}

===Gene Day Self-Publisher Award===
Named after the late comics artist and self-publisher [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982), this award honours Canadian comic book creators or creative teams who self-published their work, but did not have the books distributed by a third party distributor. The award winner receives a bursary of $500. The award was introduced in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shuster Awards Announce Honor Named for Gene Day|url=http://www.comicbookbin.com/joeshusterawardsnews001.html|publisher=Comic Book Bin|accessdate=13 September 2012|date=May 3 2009}}</ref> Prior to this, Dave Sim had established a Gene Day award distributed annually at the [[Small Press and Alternative Comics Expo]] in [[Columbus, Ohio]] from 2002 to 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.backporchcomics.com/space.htm |title=SPACE |publisher=BackPorchComics.com |date= |accessdate=2011-07-18}}</ref>

===Comics For Kids Award===
This award, established in 2004,{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} Works considered for this award are comic books and graphic novels that are targeted at readers 14 and under. Nominees are selected by a team of educators led by Jennifer Haines, MA, B.Ed., who is also the proprietor of Guelph, Ontario’s The Dragon comic book shop.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

===Canadian Comic Book Creator Hall of Fame===
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
Includes dozens of creators such as [[Hal Foster]], [[Win Mortimer]], [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]], [[Dave Sim]] and more.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Language Criteria==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards honour original work published during the previous calendar year in any language. However, Canada has two official languages - French and English, so extra research and attention is given to works published in the two official languages. In order to ensure that bilingual works are included on the ballot, two nominating committees select the finalists in each official language and the finalists are merged for the announced ballot. The nominated books are then given to jury members who can read both official languages for equal consideration.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Nationality and residency==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards are open to all Canadian Citizens.

Canadian citizens who have chosen to reside outside of Canada are still eligible for consideration, unless they contact the Awards Organization and notify them that they have surrendered their Canadian citizenship and no longer wish to be considered for their recent work as a Canadian citizen.

Non-Canadians who have achieved Permanent Residency status in Canada are also eligible for consideration. In order to be considered for inclusion as a resident, the individual must have lived in Canada for three years. Permanent Residents who do not wish to be considered may opt out of the Awards program before the selection process begins by sending a statement in writing to the Awards Organization. If an approved Permanent Resident moves away from Canada, they are no longer considered eligible for the awards.

==Categories==

Categories and winners of Joe Shuster Awards are as follows:

===Outstanding Achievement===
*2005 [[Dave Sim]] and [[Gerhard (comics artist)|Gerhard]] for completing ''[[Cerebus]]'' in 2004. Begun in 1977, this 300-issue series is a milestone in comic book publishing and is the longest running creator-owned comic book series.{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006-2007 No winner
* 2008 David Watkins for using comic books as a teaching tool.
* 2009 Category suspended

===Outstanding Artist===
* 2005 [[Kaare Andrews]] for ''[[Spider-Man]]/[[Doctor Octopus]]: Year One'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Pia Guerra]] for ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]]) and a story in ''[[Spider-Man]] Unlimited'' #10 (published by [[Marvel Comics]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] and [[J. Bone]] for ''[[Batman/The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Dale Eaglesham]] for ''[[Justice Society of America]]'' #2-4, 6-7, 9-11 ([[DC Comics]])
* 2009 [[David Finch (comics)|David Finch]] for ''[[Ultimatum (Ultimate Marvel)|Ultimatum]]'' #1-2{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Stuart Immonen]] for ''[[Ultimate Spider-Man]] 130-133'', ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]] 55-60'', ''[[Fantastic Four]] 569'' (Marvel), ''The CBLDF Presents Liberty Comics 2 – "Trampoline Hall"'' (Image Comics){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Francis Manapul]] for [[Adventure Comics]]#6, [[The Flash]]#1-6, [[Superman/Batman]]#75 ([[DC Comics]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Stuart Immonen]] for [["Fear Itself (comics)|"Fear Itself]] #1-7; "Queen, King, Off-Suit"/''X-Men: To Serve and Protect'' #4; "Say You're Dead"/''Outlaw Territory'' Volume 2{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Isabelle Arsenault]] for [["Jane, le renard & moi"]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & I]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Cartoonist (Writer/Artist)===
* 2005 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[DC: The New Frontier]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Bryan Lee O'Malley]] for ''[[Scott Pilgrim]]'' Vol. 2 (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Spirit (comics)|The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Jeff Lemire]] for ''[[Essex County Trilogy|Essex County]] Vol. 1: Tales From The Farm'', ''Essex County Vol. 2: Ghost Stories'' ([[Top Shelf Productions|Top Shelf]])
* 2009 [[Dave Sim]] for ''[[Glamourpuss]] #1-4'' and ''Judenhass''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''Paul, tome 06: [[Paul à Québec]]'' (La Pastèque){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Tin Can Forest]] for [[Baba Yaga and the Wolf]] ([[Koyama Press]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Ramon K Pérez]] for ''[[Jim Henson's Tale of Sand]]''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Jeff Lemire]] for [[The Underwater Welder]] and [[Sweet Tooth]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Publisher===
* 2005 [[Arcana Studio]]{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2007 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2008 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2009 [[Les 400 coups]] / [[Mécanique Générale]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[La Pastèque]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Koyama Press]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Writer===
* 2005 (tie) [[Samm Barnes]] for ''[[Doctor Spectrum]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 (tie) [[Ty Templeton]] for ''The [[Batman Adventures]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[J. Torres]] for ''[[Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight]]'' and ''[[Teen Titans Go!]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]), and ''[[Love As A Foreign Language]]'' (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Superman Confidential]]'' #1-2 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Cecil Castellucci]] for ''[[The P.L.A.I.N. Janes]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]])
* 2009 [[Mariko Tamaki]] for ''[[Skim (graphic novel)|Skim]]'' ([[Groundwood Books]]) and ''[[Emiko Superstar]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Maryse Dubuc]] for ''[[The Bellybuttons|Les Nombrils 4: Duels de belles]]'' ([[Dupuis]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emilie Villeneuve]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Kurtis J. Wiebe]] for [[The Green Wake]] #1-8; [[The Intrepids]] #1-6; "Logan's Lost Lesson"/''Marvel Holiday Special 2011''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Fanny Britt]] for [[Jane, le renard & moi]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & Me]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding WebComic Creator/Creative Team===
* 2007 Dan Kim, for ''April & May & June'', ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''
* 2008 [[Ryan Sohmer]] & [[Lar deSouza]], for ''[[Looking for Group]]'' & ''[[Least I Could Do]]''
* 2009 [[Cameron Stewart]] for ''[[Sin Titulo]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Karl Kerschl]] for ''[[The Abominable Charles Christopher]]''{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emily Carroll]] for ''[[His Face All Red]]'' and more{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Emily Carroll]] for various comics, 2011{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Michael DeForge]] for ''[[Ant Comic]]'' {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Colourist===
* 2008 [[Dave McCaig]] for ''[[Nextwave]]'', Agents of H.A.T.E. #12, ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]]'' #27-35, ''[[Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America]]'' #1: ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'', ''[[Marvel Comics Presents]]'' #1-4, ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'' #50, ''[[Avengers (comics)|Avengers]] Classic'' #7 ([[Marvel Comics]]) DC Infinite Halloween Special #1 ([[DC Comics]]), ''[[The Other Side (comics)|The Other Side]]'' #4-5 ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Vertigo (DC Comics)|Vertigo]]) ''[[Stephen Colbert]]’s [[Tek Jansen]]'' #1 ([[Oni Press]])
* 2009 [[François Lapierre]] for ''“Gédéon et la bête du lac” [[Contes et légendes du Québec]]'' (Glénat Québec), ''[[Magasin général]] 4'' (Casterman){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Nathan Fairbairn]] for ''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]] #605, [[Dark Reign: The List]] – X-Men #1, [[Dark X-Men]]: The Confession #1 (Cover), [[Guardians of the Galaxy (2008 team)|Guardians of the Galaxy]] #16, 18-19, [[House of M: Masters of Evil]] #1, [[Marvel Mystery Comics]] 70th Anniversary Special #1, [[Nation X]] #1, [[Realm of Kings]]: Imperial Guard #1-2, [[Timestorm 2009–2099]]: [[Spider-Man]], [[War of Kings]]: Warriors #2, [[Wolverine (comic book)|Wolverine]] #72, [[Wolverine: Origins]] #32, [[Wolverine: Weapon X]] #6-8, [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #39-50, 200 (Variant) (Cover), [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #45, [[X-Men: Kingbreaker]] #2-4, [[Gambit (comics)|X-Men Origins: Gambit]] #1'' (Marvel Comics), ''[[Tek Jansen|Stephen Colbert’s Tek Jansen]] #4-5'' (Oni Press){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Julie Rocheleau (comics)|Julie Rocheleau]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Cover (2008-2010) / Cover Artist (2011-)===
* 2008 [[Steve Skroce]] for ''[[Doc Frankenstein]]'' #6 ([[Burlyman Entertainment|Burleyman]])
* 2009 [[Niko Henrichon]] for ''[[Hostile]] Tome 1: Impact'' (Dupuis){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Richard Stark's Parker: The Hunter]]'' (IDW){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Fiona Staples]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[François Lapierre]] for ''Chroniques Sauvages''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Mike Del Mundo]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Comics for Kids Award ===
* 2009 ''[[Jellaby]] Book 1'' by [[Kean Soo]] {{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 ''[[Nightschool]]: The Weirn Books Vols.1-2'' ([[Yen Press]]) by [[Svetlana Chmakova]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 ''[[Three Thieves Book One: Tower of Treasure]]'' ([[Kids Can Press]]) by [[Scott Chantler]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 ''[[Ariane et Nicolas]] Tome 6: Les Toiles Mysterieuses'' by [[Paul Roux ]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 ''[[Cat’s Cradle]] Volume 1: The Golden Twine'' by [[Joe Rioux]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Gene Day Award for Canadian Self-Publishing (New in 2009)===
* 2009 [[Jesse Jacobs]] for ''[[Blue Winter, Shapes in the Snow]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Ethan Rilly]] for ''[[Pope Hats]]'' No.1{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[John Martz]] for ''[[Heaven All Day]]''{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Dakota McFadzean]] for Ghost Rabbit{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Cory McCallum]] and [[Matthew Daley]] - ''[[The Pig Sleep]]: A Mr. Monitor Case''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
* 2005 [[Now & Then Books]] ([[Kitchener, Ontario]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Strange Adventures (comics retailer)|Strange Adventures]] ([[Halifax Urban Area|Halifax, Nova Scotia]])
* 2007 [[Happy Harbor Comics|Happy Harbor]] ([[Edmonton, Alberta]])
* 2008 [[Big B Comics]] ([[Hamilton, Ontario]])
* 2009 [[Legends Comics and Books]] ([[Victoria, British Columbia]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[The Beguiling]] ([[Toronto, Ontario]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Planète BD]] ([[Montreal, Quebec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Silver Snail]] (Toronto, Ontario){{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Heroes Comics]] ([[London, Ontario]]){{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Hall of Fame Inductees===
* 2005 [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Leo Bachle]] (a.k.a. Les Barker) (1926–2003){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Adrian Dingle (cartoonist)|Adrian Dingle]] (1911–1974){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Hal Foster]] (1892–1982){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Ed Furness]] (1911–2005){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Rand Holmes]] (1942–2002){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Jon St. Ables]] (1912–1999)
* 2006 [[Owen McCarron]] (1929–2005)
* 2006 [[Win Mortimer]] (1919–1998)
* 2006 [[Dave Sim]] (1956-)
* 2007 [[Albert Chartier]] (1912–2004)
* 2007 [[Gerald Lazare]] (1927-)
* 2007 [[Jacques Hurtubise]] aka ZYX (1950-)
* 2007 [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982)
* 2008 [[Ted McCall]] (1901–1975)
* 2008 [[Pierre Fournier (comic books)|Pierre Fournier]] (1949-)
* 2008 [[Stanley Berneche]] (1947-)
* 2008 [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]] (1950-)
* 2009 [[George Menendez Rae]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1906–1992)
* 2009 [[Réal Godbout]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1951-)
* 2009 [[Ken Steacy]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2009 [[Diana Schutz]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2010 [[Dave Darrigo]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Serge Gaboury]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Deni Loubert]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-)
* 2010 [[Richard Comely]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1950-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[George Freeman (comics)|George Freeman]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[Claude St. Aubin]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2011 [[Chester Brown]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1960-)
* 2011 [[Todd McFarlane]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1961-)
* 2012 No Hall of Fame Inductees
* 2013 [[Vernon Miller]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}} (1912-1974)
* 2013 [[Murray Karn]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}} (1924-)
* 2013 [[Arn Saba]] aka Katherine Collins {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}(1947-_

===Voters Choice - Outstanding International Creator===
* 2006 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2007 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' and ''[[Doctor Strange: The Oath]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Pride of Baghdad]]'', ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2008 [[Ed Brubaker]] for ''[[Captain America]]'', ''[[Criminal (comics)|Criminal]]'', ''[[Immortal Iron Fist]]'' and ''[[Uncanny X-Men]]'' ([[Marvel Comics]])
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (English Language)===
* 2007 Dan Kim for ''April & May & June, ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''.
* 2008 [[Faith Erin Hicks]] for ''[[Zombies Calling]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (French Language)===
* 2007 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''[[Paul a la Pêche]]'', published by [[La Pastèque]].
* 2008 [[Philippe Girard]] for ''[[Danger Public]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

==See also==
{{Portal|Comics|Canada}}
*[[Doug Wright Award]]
*[[Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=20em}}

===Works cited===
{{Refbegin|indent=y|colwidth=40em}}

: {{cite book
|ref = harv
|authorlink = John Bell (historian)
|last = Bell
|first = John
|title = Invaders from the North: How Canada Conquered the Comic Book Universe
|location = Toronto
|publisher = [[Dundurn Press]]
|year = 2006
|isbn = 978-1-55002-659-7}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|MacDonald|2011}}
|url = http://www.comicsbeat.com/2011/06/20/2011-joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = 2011 Joe Shuster Award winners announced
|first = Heidi
|last = MacDonald
|author-link = Heidi MacDonald
|publisher = [http://www.comicsbeat.com The Beat]
|date = 2011-06-20
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Melrose|2009}}
|url = http://robot6.comicbookresources.com/2009/09/winners-of-the-2009-joe-shuster-awards/
|title = Winners of the 2009 Joe Shuster Awards
|first = Kevin
|last = Melrose
|publisher = [[Comic Book Resources]]
|date = 2009-09-27
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Spurgeon|2012}}
|title = Your 2012 Joe Shuster Awards Winners
|first = Tom
|last = Spurgeon
|author-link = Tom Spurgeon
|url = http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/your_2012_joe_shuster_awards_winners/
|publisher = ''The Comics Reporter''
|date = 2012-09-18
|accessdate = 2012-09-19}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Awards to be given for Canadian comic-book excellence
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 267
|page = 47
|month = April
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Sim, Cooke among Shuster Winners
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 269
|page = 48
|month = July
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Nominees Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 275
|page = 33
|month = April
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Winners Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 277
|page = 27–28
|month = July
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite news
|ref = {{SfnRef|Vu|2010}}
|url = http://arts.nationalpost.com/2010/06/07/joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = Joe Shuster Award-winners announced
|first = Liem
|last = Vu
|newspaper = [[The National Post]]
|date = 2010-06-07
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite book
|ref = {{SfnRef|Weiner, et al.|2010}}
|title = Graphic Novels and Comics in Libraries and Archives: Essays on Readers, Research, History and Cataloging
|year = 2010
|publisher = McFarland
|isbn = 078644302
|first = Robert G.
|last = Weiner
|coauthors = Randall William Scott, Elizabeth Figa, Amy Kiste Nyberg, William T. Fee, Francisca Goldsmith
|editor-first = Robert G.
|editor-last = Weiner}}

{{Refend}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://www.joeshusterawards.com}}
* [http://theexcerpt.com/2010/06/an-interview-with-kevin-boyd-of-the-joe-shuster-awards/ Interview with Kevin Boyd about the awards]
* Jamie Coville's audio recordings of the [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/JoeShusterAwards2006.mp3 2nd (2006)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2007JoeShusterAwards-Full.mp3 3rd (2007)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/08-06-14-JSAfull.MP3 4th (2008)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2009-09-26-JoeShusterAwards.mp3 5th (2009)] and [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/10-06-05-6thJoeShusterAwards.mp3 6th (2010)] Annual Awards
* Jamie Coville covers the [http://www.collectortimes.com/2005_06/cons2.html 1st (2005)], [http://www.collectortimes.com/2006_06/cons2.html 2nd (2006)] and [http://www.collectortimes.com/2007_07/cons1.html 3rd (2007)] Awards Ceremony for the Collector Times
* [http://thefablerblog.com/kevins-column/the-fabler-blog-looks-at-the-2010-joe-shuster-award-nominees The Fabler Blog looks at the 2010 Nominees]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=1709#respond Metro Columnist Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2008 Awards ceremony]
* [http://kev-the-mev.livejournal.com/101536.html?mode=reply 4th Annual JSA's Completed!]
* [http://www.bestofmostof.com/07jun/index070611.htm Blake Bell covers the 2007 Awards Ceremony]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=789 Metro columnist & CCBCAA member Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2007 Awards ceremony]
* [http://www.cbc.ca/arts/story/2005/05/02/comicawards050502.html Canadian comic-book awards: one down, one to go] CBC Arts report on the 1st year

{{Canadian comics}}

[[Category:Comics awards in Canada|Joe Shuster]]

Joe Shuster Award

2013-10-18T20:38:55Z

192.75.165.28: /* Gene Day Award for Canadian Self-Publishing (New in 2009) */

{{Infobox award
| name = Joe Shuster Award
| current_awards =
| image = JoeShusterAward2007Logo.jpg
| imagesize =
| alt = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| caption = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| description = Outstanding achievements in [[Canadian comics]]
| presenter = [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]]
| host =
| date = 
| location =
| country = [[Canada]]
| reward =
| year =
| year2 =
| holder =
| website = http://www.joeshusterawards.com
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The '''Joe Shuster Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards''' (or '''Joe Shuster Awards''') are given out annually for outstanding achievements in the creation of [[comic books]], [[graphic novels]], [[webcomics]], and comics retailers and publishers by [[Canadian comics|Canadians]]. The awards, first handed out in April 2005, are named in honour of [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), the Canadian-born co-creator of [[Superman]].

The [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]] is a not-for-profit organization formed in 2004 to administer the awards.

==Overview==
The Joe Shuster Awards are comic book industry oriented awards that recognize the achievements of [[Canadian]] citizens and permanent residents.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} Founded initially as an English language comics award the criteria has been changed and refined since 2006 to be inclusive of all works published in Canada (see Language Criteria). The majority of the awards were initially committee-nominated, public-vote awards{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}, with write-in nominations accepted for the International Creator award.{{sfn|Stump|2005a}} This was changed in 2008 to a committee-nominated, jury-selected model, with publishers nominating works within the relevant award category.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} The model established in 2008 was designed to eliminate voter bias and [[ballot stuffing]]. The jury deliberates until they agree on a winner, discussing the merits of each candidate.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}}

They are named after Canadian-born cartoonist [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), who co-created [[Superman]] in 1938.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}} The name is used with the approval of the Estate of Joe Shuster (Michael Catron, Estate Agent).{{cn|date=September 2012}} The award, which focuses mainly on mainstream comics, is complemented by the [[Doug Wright Award]]s, which focuses on alternative comics, cartooning, and comic strips.{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}}

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
The late Harry Kremer, owner of Now & Then Books in [[Regional Municipality of Waterloo|Kitchener-Waterloo]], [[Ontario]], was a true pioneer in the industry and a constant and tireless promoter and patron of the medium and owner one of the first comic book specialty stores in Canada. His memory is kept alive in the award that has been named after him – the Outstanding Canadian Comic Book Retailer Award.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} The Award was given to Kremer's store in 2005, with open voting from 2006 onwards.{{sfn|Stump|2006b}}

===Gene Day Self-Publisher Award===
Named after the late comics artist and self-publisher [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982), this award honours Canadian comic book creators or creative teams who self-published their work, but did not have the books distributed by a third party distributor. The award winner receives a bursary of $500. The award was introduced in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shuster Awards Announce Honor Named for Gene Day|url=http://www.comicbookbin.com/joeshusterawardsnews001.html|publisher=Comic Book Bin|accessdate=13 September 2012|date=May 3 2009}}</ref> Prior to this, Dave Sim had established a Gene Day award distributed annually at the [[Small Press and Alternative Comics Expo]] in [[Columbus, Ohio]] from 2002 to 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.backporchcomics.com/space.htm |title=SPACE |publisher=BackPorchComics.com |date= |accessdate=2011-07-18}}</ref>

===Comics For Kids Award===
This award, established in 2004,{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} Works considered for this award are comic books and graphic novels that are targeted at readers 14 and under. Nominees are selected by a team of educators led by Jennifer Haines, MA, B.Ed., who is also the proprietor of Guelph, Ontario’s The Dragon comic book shop.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

===Canadian Comic Book Creator Hall of Fame===
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
Includes dozens of creators such as [[Hal Foster]], [[Win Mortimer]], [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]], [[Dave Sim]] and more.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Language Criteria==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards honour original work published during the previous calendar year in any language. However, Canada has two official languages - French and English, so extra research and attention is given to works published in the two official languages. In order to ensure that bilingual works are included on the ballot, two nominating committees select the finalists in each official language and the finalists are merged for the announced ballot. The nominated books are then given to jury members who can read both official languages for equal consideration.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Nationality and residency==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards are open to all Canadian Citizens.

Canadian citizens who have chosen to reside outside of Canada are still eligible for consideration, unless they contact the Awards Organization and notify them that they have surrendered their Canadian citizenship and no longer wish to be considered for their recent work as a Canadian citizen.

Non-Canadians who have achieved Permanent Residency status in Canada are also eligible for consideration. In order to be considered for inclusion as a resident, the individual must have lived in Canada for three years. Permanent Residents who do not wish to be considered may opt out of the Awards program before the selection process begins by sending a statement in writing to the Awards Organization. If an approved Permanent Resident moves away from Canada, they are no longer considered eligible for the awards.

==Categories==

Categories and winners of Joe Shuster Awards are as follows:

===Outstanding Achievement===
*2005 [[Dave Sim]] and [[Gerhard (comics artist)|Gerhard]] for completing ''[[Cerebus]]'' in 2004. Begun in 1977, this 300-issue series is a milestone in comic book publishing and is the longest running creator-owned comic book series.{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006-2007 No winner
* 2008 David Watkins for using comic books as a teaching tool.
* 2009 Category suspended

===Outstanding Artist===
* 2005 [[Kaare Andrews]] for ''[[Spider-Man]]/[[Doctor Octopus]]: Year One'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Pia Guerra]] for ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]]) and a story in ''[[Spider-Man]] Unlimited'' #10 (published by [[Marvel Comics]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] and [[J. Bone]] for ''[[Batman/The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Dale Eaglesham]] for ''[[Justice Society of America]]'' #2-4, 6-7, 9-11 ([[DC Comics]])
* 2009 [[David Finch (comics)|David Finch]] for ''[[Ultimatum (Ultimate Marvel)|Ultimatum]]'' #1-2{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Stuart Immonen]] for ''[[Ultimate Spider-Man]] 130-133'', ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]] 55-60'', ''[[Fantastic Four]] 569'' (Marvel), ''The CBLDF Presents Liberty Comics 2 – "Trampoline Hall"'' (Image Comics){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Francis Manapul]] for [[Adventure Comics]]#6, [[The Flash]]#1-6, [[Superman/Batman]]#75 ([[DC Comics]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Stuart Immonen]] for [["Fear Itself (comics)|"Fear Itself]] #1-7; "Queen, King, Off-Suit"/''X-Men: To Serve and Protect'' #4; "Say You're Dead"/''Outlaw Territory'' Volume 2{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Isabelle Arsenault]] for [["Jane, le renard & moi"]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & I]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Cartoonist (Writer/Artist)===
* 2005 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[DC: The New Frontier]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Bryan Lee O'Malley]] for ''[[Scott Pilgrim]]'' Vol. 2 (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Spirit (comics)|The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Jeff Lemire]] for ''[[Essex County Trilogy|Essex County]] Vol. 1: Tales From The Farm'', ''Essex County Vol. 2: Ghost Stories'' ([[Top Shelf Productions|Top Shelf]])
* 2009 [[Dave Sim]] for ''[[Glamourpuss]] #1-4'' and ''Judenhass''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''Paul, tome 06: [[Paul à Québec]]'' (La Pastèque){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Tin Can Forest]] for [[Baba Yaga and the Wolf]] ([[Koyama Press]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Ramon K Pérez]] for ''[[Jim Henson's Tale of Sand]]''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Jeff Lemire]] for [[The Underwater Welder]] and [[Sweet Tooth]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Publisher===
* 2005 [[Arcana Studio]]{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2007 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2008 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2009 [[Les 400 coups]] / [[Mécanique Générale]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[La Pastèque]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Koyama Press]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Writer===
* 2005 (tie) [[Samm Barnes]] for ''[[Doctor Spectrum]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 (tie) [[Ty Templeton]] for ''The [[Batman Adventures]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[J. Torres]] for ''[[Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight]]'' and ''[[Teen Titans Go!]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]), and ''[[Love As A Foreign Language]]'' (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Superman Confidential]]'' #1-2 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Cecil Castellucci]] for ''[[The P.L.A.I.N. Janes]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]])
* 2009 [[Mariko Tamaki]] for ''[[Skim (graphic novel)|Skim]]'' ([[Groundwood Books]]) and ''[[Emiko Superstar]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Maryse Dubuc]] for ''[[The Bellybuttons|Les Nombrils 4: Duels de belles]]'' ([[Dupuis]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emilie Villeneuve]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Kurtis J. Wiebe]] for [[The Green Wake]] #1-8; [[The Intrepids]] #1-6; "Logan's Lost Lesson"/''Marvel Holiday Special 2011''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Fanny Britt]] for [[Jane, le renard & moi]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & Me]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding WebComic Creator/Creative Team===
* 2007 Dan Kim, for ''April & May & June'', ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''
* 2008 [[Ryan Sohmer]] & [[Lar deSouza]], for ''[[Looking for Group]]'' & ''[[Least I Could Do]]''
* 2009 [[Cameron Stewart]] for ''[[Sin Titulo]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Karl Kerschl]] for ''[[The Abominable Charles Christopher]]''{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emily Carroll]] for ''[[His Face All Red]]'' and more{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Emily Carroll]] for various comics, 2011{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Michael DeForge]] for ''[[Ant Comic]]'' {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Colourist===
* 2008 [[Dave McCaig]] for ''[[Nextwave]]'', Agents of H.A.T.E. #12, ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]]'' #27-35, ''[[Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America]]'' #1: ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'', ''[[Marvel Comics Presents]]'' #1-4, ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'' #50, ''[[Avengers (comics)|Avengers]] Classic'' #7 ([[Marvel Comics]]) DC Infinite Halloween Special #1 ([[DC Comics]]), ''[[The Other Side (comics)|The Other Side]]'' #4-5 ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Vertigo (DC Comics)|Vertigo]]) ''[[Stephen Colbert]]’s [[Tek Jansen]]'' #1 ([[Oni Press]])
* 2009 [[François Lapierre]] for ''“Gédéon et la bête du lac” [[Contes et légendes du Québec]]'' (Glénat Québec), ''[[Magasin général]] 4'' (Casterman){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Nathan Fairbairn]] for ''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]] #605, [[Dark Reign: The List]] – X-Men #1, [[Dark X-Men]]: The Confession #1 (Cover), [[Guardians of the Galaxy (2008 team)|Guardians of the Galaxy]] #16, 18-19, [[House of M: Masters of Evil]] #1, [[Marvel Mystery Comics]] 70th Anniversary Special #1, [[Nation X]] #1, [[Realm of Kings]]: Imperial Guard #1-2, [[Timestorm 2009–2099]]: [[Spider-Man]], [[War of Kings]]: Warriors #2, [[Wolverine (comic book)|Wolverine]] #72, [[Wolverine: Origins]] #32, [[Wolverine: Weapon X]] #6-8, [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #39-50, 200 (Variant) (Cover), [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #45, [[X-Men: Kingbreaker]] #2-4, [[Gambit (comics)|X-Men Origins: Gambit]] #1'' (Marvel Comics), ''[[Tek Jansen|Stephen Colbert’s Tek Jansen]] #4-5'' (Oni Press){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Julie Rocheleau (comics)|Julie Rocheleau]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Cover (2008-2010) / Cover Artist (2011-)===
* 2008 [[Steve Skroce]] for ''[[Doc Frankenstein]]'' #6 ([[Burlyman Entertainment|Burleyman]])
* 2009 [[Niko Henrichon]] for ''[[Hostile]] Tome 1: Impact'' (Dupuis){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Richard Stark's Parker: The Hunter]]'' (IDW){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Fiona Staples]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[François Lapierre]] for ''Chroniques Sauvages''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Mike Del Mundo]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Comics for Kids Award ===
* 2009 ''[[Jellaby]] Book 1'' by [[Kean Soo]] {{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 ''[[Nightschool]]: The Weirn Books Vols.1-2'' ([[Yen Press]]) by [[Svetlana Chmakova]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 ''[[Three Thieves Book One: Tower of Treasure]]'' ([[Kids Can Press]]) by [[Scott Chantler]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 ''[[Ariane et Nicolas]] Tome 6: Les Toiles Mysterieuses'' by [[Paul Roux ]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 ''[[Cat’s Cradle]] Volume 1: The Golden Twine'' by [[Joe Rioux]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Gene Day Award for Canadian Self-Publishing (New in 2009)===
* 2009 [[Jesse Jacobs]] for ''[[Blue Winter, Shapes in the Snow]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Ethan Rilly]] for ''[[Pope Hats]]'' No.1{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[John Martz]] for ''[[Heaven All Day]]''{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Dakota McFadzean]] for Ghost Rabbit{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Cory McCallum]] and [[Matthew Daley]] - ''[[The Pig Sleep]]: A Mr. Monitor Case''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
* 2005 [[Now & Then Books]] ([[Kitchener, Ontario]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Strange Adventures (comics retailer)|Strange Adventures]] ([[Halifax Urban Area|Halifax, Nova Scotia]])
* 2007 [[Happy Harbor Comics|Happy Harbor]] ([[Edmonton, Alberta]])
* 2008 [[Big B Comics]] ([[Hamilton, Ontario]])
* 2009 [[Legends Comics and Books]] ([[Victoria, British Columbia]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[The Beguiling]] ([[Toronto, Ontario]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Planète BD]] ([[Montreal, Quebec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Silver Snail]] (Toronto, Ontario){{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Heroes Comics]] ([[London, Ontario]]){{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Hall of Fame Inductees===
* 2005 [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Leo Bachle]] (a.k.a. Les Barker) (1926–2003){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Adrian Dingle (cartoonist)|Adrian Dingle]] (1911–1974){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Hal Foster]] (1892–1982){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Ed Furness]] (1911–2005){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Rand Holmes]] (1942–2002){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Jon St. Ables]] (1912–1999)
* 2006 [[Owen McCarron]] (1929–2005)
* 2006 [[Win Mortimer]] (1919–1998)
* 2006 [[Dave Sim]] (1956-)
* 2007 [[Albert Chartier]] (1912–2004)
* 2007 [[Gerald Lazare]] (1927-)
* 2007 [[Jacques Hurtubise]] aka ZYX (1950-)
* 2007 [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982)
* 2008 [[Ted McCall]] (1901–1975)
* 2008 [[Pierre Fournier (comic books)|Pierre Fournier]] (1949-)
* 2008 [[Stanley Berneche]] (1947-)
* 2008 [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]] (1950-)
* 2009 [[George Menendez Rae]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1906–1992)
* 2009 [[Réal Godbout]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1951-)
* 2009 [[Ken Steacy]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2009 [[Diana Schutz]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2010 [[Dave Darrigo]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Serge Gaboury]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Deni Loubert]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-)
* 2010 [[Richard Comely]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1950-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[George Freeman (comics)|George Freeman]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[Claude St. Aubin]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2011 [[Chester Brown]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1960-)
* 2011 [[Todd McFarlane]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1961-)

===Voters Choice - Outstanding International Creator===
* 2006 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2007 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' and ''[[Doctor Strange: The Oath]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Pride of Baghdad]]'', ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2008 [[Ed Brubaker]] for ''[[Captain America]]'', ''[[Criminal (comics)|Criminal]]'', ''[[Immortal Iron Fist]]'' and ''[[Uncanny X-Men]]'' ([[Marvel Comics]])
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (English Language)===
* 2007 Dan Kim for ''April & May & June, ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''.
* 2008 [[Faith Erin Hicks]] for ''[[Zombies Calling]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (French Language)===
* 2007 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''[[Paul a la Pêche]]'', published by [[La Pastèque]].
* 2008 [[Philippe Girard]] for ''[[Danger Public]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

==See also==
{{Portal|Comics|Canada}}
*[[Doug Wright Award]]
*[[Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=20em}}

===Works cited===
{{Refbegin|indent=y|colwidth=40em}}

: {{cite book
|ref = harv
|authorlink = John Bell (historian)
|last = Bell
|first = John
|title = Invaders from the North: How Canada Conquered the Comic Book Universe
|location = Toronto
|publisher = [[Dundurn Press]]
|year = 2006
|isbn = 978-1-55002-659-7}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|MacDonald|2011}}
|url = http://www.comicsbeat.com/2011/06/20/2011-joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = 2011 Joe Shuster Award winners announced
|first = Heidi
|last = MacDonald
|author-link = Heidi MacDonald
|publisher = [http://www.comicsbeat.com The Beat]
|date = 2011-06-20
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Melrose|2009}}
|url = http://robot6.comicbookresources.com/2009/09/winners-of-the-2009-joe-shuster-awards/
|title = Winners of the 2009 Joe Shuster Awards
|first = Kevin
|last = Melrose
|publisher = [[Comic Book Resources]]
|date = 2009-09-27
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Spurgeon|2012}}
|title = Your 2012 Joe Shuster Awards Winners
|first = Tom
|last = Spurgeon
|author-link = Tom Spurgeon
|url = http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/your_2012_joe_shuster_awards_winners/
|publisher = ''The Comics Reporter''
|date = 2012-09-18
|accessdate = 2012-09-19}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Awards to be given for Canadian comic-book excellence
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 267
|page = 47
|month = April
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Sim, Cooke among Shuster Winners
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 269
|page = 48
|month = July
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Nominees Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 275
|page = 33
|month = April
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Winners Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 277
|page = 27–28
|month = July
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite news
|ref = {{SfnRef|Vu|2010}}
|url = http://arts.nationalpost.com/2010/06/07/joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = Joe Shuster Award-winners announced
|first = Liem
|last = Vu
|newspaper = [[The National Post]]
|date = 2010-06-07
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite book
|ref = {{SfnRef|Weiner, et al.|2010}}
|title = Graphic Novels and Comics in Libraries and Archives: Essays on Readers, Research, History and Cataloging
|year = 2010
|publisher = McFarland
|isbn = 078644302
|first = Robert G.
|last = Weiner
|coauthors = Randall William Scott, Elizabeth Figa, Amy Kiste Nyberg, William T. Fee, Francisca Goldsmith
|editor-first = Robert G.
|editor-last = Weiner}}

{{Refend}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://www.joeshusterawards.com}}
* [http://theexcerpt.com/2010/06/an-interview-with-kevin-boyd-of-the-joe-shuster-awards/ Interview with Kevin Boyd about the awards]
* Jamie Coville's audio recordings of the [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/JoeShusterAwards2006.mp3 2nd (2006)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2007JoeShusterAwards-Full.mp3 3rd (2007)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/08-06-14-JSAfull.MP3 4th (2008)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2009-09-26-JoeShusterAwards.mp3 5th (2009)] and [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/10-06-05-6thJoeShusterAwards.mp3 6th (2010)] Annual Awards
* Jamie Coville covers the [http://www.collectortimes.com/2005_06/cons2.html 1st (2005)], [http://www.collectortimes.com/2006_06/cons2.html 2nd (2006)] and [http://www.collectortimes.com/2007_07/cons1.html 3rd (2007)] Awards Ceremony for the Collector Times
* [http://thefablerblog.com/kevins-column/the-fabler-blog-looks-at-the-2010-joe-shuster-award-nominees The Fabler Blog looks at the 2010 Nominees]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=1709#respond Metro Columnist Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2008 Awards ceremony]
* [http://kev-the-mev.livejournal.com/101536.html?mode=reply 4th Annual JSA's Completed!]
* [http://www.bestofmostof.com/07jun/index070611.htm Blake Bell covers the 2007 Awards Ceremony]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=789 Metro columnist & CCBCAA member Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2007 Awards ceremony]
* [http://www.cbc.ca/arts/story/2005/05/02/comicawards050502.html Canadian comic-book awards: one down, one to go] CBC Arts report on the 1st year

{{Canadian comics}}

[[Category:Comics awards in Canada|Joe Shuster]]

Joe Shuster Award

2013-10-18T20:38:20Z

192.75.165.28: /* Comics for Kids Award */

{{Infobox award
| name = Joe Shuster Award
| current_awards =
| image = JoeShusterAward2007Logo.jpg
| imagesize =
| alt = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| caption = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| description = Outstanding achievements in [[Canadian comics]]
| presenter = [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]]
| host =
| date = 
| location =
| country = [[Canada]]
| reward =
| year =
| year2 =
| holder =
| website = http://www.joeshusterawards.com
| network =
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The '''Joe Shuster Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards''' (or '''Joe Shuster Awards''') are given out annually for outstanding achievements in the creation of [[comic books]], [[graphic novels]], [[webcomics]], and comics retailers and publishers by [[Canadian comics|Canadians]]. The awards, first handed out in April 2005, are named in honour of [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), the Canadian-born co-creator of [[Superman]].

The [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]] is a not-for-profit organization formed in 2004 to administer the awards.

==Overview==
The Joe Shuster Awards are comic book industry oriented awards that recognize the achievements of [[Canadian]] citizens and permanent residents.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} Founded initially as an English language comics award the criteria has been changed and refined since 2006 to be inclusive of all works published in Canada (see Language Criteria). The majority of the awards were initially committee-nominated, public-vote awards{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}, with write-in nominations accepted for the International Creator award.{{sfn|Stump|2005a}} This was changed in 2008 to a committee-nominated, jury-selected model, with publishers nominating works within the relevant award category.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} The model established in 2008 was designed to eliminate voter bias and [[ballot stuffing]]. The jury deliberates until they agree on a winner, discussing the merits of each candidate.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}}

They are named after Canadian-born cartoonist [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), who co-created [[Superman]] in 1938.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}} The name is used with the approval of the Estate of Joe Shuster (Michael Catron, Estate Agent).{{cn|date=September 2012}} The award, which focuses mainly on mainstream comics, is complemented by the [[Doug Wright Award]]s, which focuses on alternative comics, cartooning, and comic strips.{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}}

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
The late Harry Kremer, owner of Now & Then Books in [[Regional Municipality of Waterloo|Kitchener-Waterloo]], [[Ontario]], was a true pioneer in the industry and a constant and tireless promoter and patron of the medium and owner one of the first comic book specialty stores in Canada. His memory is kept alive in the award that has been named after him – the Outstanding Canadian Comic Book Retailer Award.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} The Award was given to Kremer's store in 2005, with open voting from 2006 onwards.{{sfn|Stump|2006b}}

===Gene Day Self-Publisher Award===
Named after the late comics artist and self-publisher [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982), this award honours Canadian comic book creators or creative teams who self-published their work, but did not have the books distributed by a third party distributor. The award winner receives a bursary of $500. The award was introduced in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shuster Awards Announce Honor Named for Gene Day|url=http://www.comicbookbin.com/joeshusterawardsnews001.html|publisher=Comic Book Bin|accessdate=13 September 2012|date=May 3 2009}}</ref> Prior to this, Dave Sim had established a Gene Day award distributed annually at the [[Small Press and Alternative Comics Expo]] in [[Columbus, Ohio]] from 2002 to 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.backporchcomics.com/space.htm |title=SPACE |publisher=BackPorchComics.com |date= |accessdate=2011-07-18}}</ref>

===Comics For Kids Award===
This award, established in 2004,{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} Works considered for this award are comic books and graphic novels that are targeted at readers 14 and under. Nominees are selected by a team of educators led by Jennifer Haines, MA, B.Ed., who is also the proprietor of Guelph, Ontario’s The Dragon comic book shop.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

===Canadian Comic Book Creator Hall of Fame===
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
Includes dozens of creators such as [[Hal Foster]], [[Win Mortimer]], [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]], [[Dave Sim]] and more.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Language Criteria==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards honour original work published during the previous calendar year in any language. However, Canada has two official languages - French and English, so extra research and attention is given to works published in the two official languages. In order to ensure that bilingual works are included on the ballot, two nominating committees select the finalists in each official language and the finalists are merged for the announced ballot. The nominated books are then given to jury members who can read both official languages for equal consideration.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Nationality and residency==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards are open to all Canadian Citizens.

Canadian citizens who have chosen to reside outside of Canada are still eligible for consideration, unless they contact the Awards Organization and notify them that they have surrendered their Canadian citizenship and no longer wish to be considered for their recent work as a Canadian citizen.

Non-Canadians who have achieved Permanent Residency status in Canada are also eligible for consideration. In order to be considered for inclusion as a resident, the individual must have lived in Canada for three years. Permanent Residents who do not wish to be considered may opt out of the Awards program before the selection process begins by sending a statement in writing to the Awards Organization. If an approved Permanent Resident moves away from Canada, they are no longer considered eligible for the awards.

==Categories==

Categories and winners of Joe Shuster Awards are as follows:

===Outstanding Achievement===
*2005 [[Dave Sim]] and [[Gerhard (comics artist)|Gerhard]] for completing ''[[Cerebus]]'' in 2004. Begun in 1977, this 300-issue series is a milestone in comic book publishing and is the longest running creator-owned comic book series.{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006-2007 No winner
* 2008 David Watkins for using comic books as a teaching tool.
* 2009 Category suspended

===Outstanding Artist===
* 2005 [[Kaare Andrews]] for ''[[Spider-Man]]/[[Doctor Octopus]]: Year One'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Pia Guerra]] for ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]]) and a story in ''[[Spider-Man]] Unlimited'' #10 (published by [[Marvel Comics]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] and [[J. Bone]] for ''[[Batman/The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Dale Eaglesham]] for ''[[Justice Society of America]]'' #2-4, 6-7, 9-11 ([[DC Comics]])
* 2009 [[David Finch (comics)|David Finch]] for ''[[Ultimatum (Ultimate Marvel)|Ultimatum]]'' #1-2{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Stuart Immonen]] for ''[[Ultimate Spider-Man]] 130-133'', ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]] 55-60'', ''[[Fantastic Four]] 569'' (Marvel), ''The CBLDF Presents Liberty Comics 2 – "Trampoline Hall"'' (Image Comics){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Francis Manapul]] for [[Adventure Comics]]#6, [[The Flash]]#1-6, [[Superman/Batman]]#75 ([[DC Comics]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Stuart Immonen]] for [["Fear Itself (comics)|"Fear Itself]] #1-7; "Queen, King, Off-Suit"/''X-Men: To Serve and Protect'' #4; "Say You're Dead"/''Outlaw Territory'' Volume 2{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Isabelle Arsenault]] for [["Jane, le renard & moi"]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & I]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Cartoonist (Writer/Artist)===
* 2005 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[DC: The New Frontier]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Bryan Lee O'Malley]] for ''[[Scott Pilgrim]]'' Vol. 2 (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Spirit (comics)|The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Jeff Lemire]] for ''[[Essex County Trilogy|Essex County]] Vol. 1: Tales From The Farm'', ''Essex County Vol. 2: Ghost Stories'' ([[Top Shelf Productions|Top Shelf]])
* 2009 [[Dave Sim]] for ''[[Glamourpuss]] #1-4'' and ''Judenhass''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''Paul, tome 06: [[Paul à Québec]]'' (La Pastèque){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Tin Can Forest]] for [[Baba Yaga and the Wolf]] ([[Koyama Press]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Ramon K Pérez]] for ''[[Jim Henson's Tale of Sand]]''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Jeff Lemire]] for [[The Underwater Welder]] and [[Sweet Tooth]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Publisher===
* 2005 [[Arcana Studio]]{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2007 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2008 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2009 [[Les 400 coups]] / [[Mécanique Générale]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[La Pastèque]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Koyama Press]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Writer===
* 2005 (tie) [[Samm Barnes]] for ''[[Doctor Spectrum]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 (tie) [[Ty Templeton]] for ''The [[Batman Adventures]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[J. Torres]] for ''[[Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight]]'' and ''[[Teen Titans Go!]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]), and ''[[Love As A Foreign Language]]'' (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Superman Confidential]]'' #1-2 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Cecil Castellucci]] for ''[[The P.L.A.I.N. Janes]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]])
* 2009 [[Mariko Tamaki]] for ''[[Skim (graphic novel)|Skim]]'' ([[Groundwood Books]]) and ''[[Emiko Superstar]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Maryse Dubuc]] for ''[[The Bellybuttons|Les Nombrils 4: Duels de belles]]'' ([[Dupuis]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emilie Villeneuve]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Kurtis J. Wiebe]] for [[The Green Wake]] #1-8; [[The Intrepids]] #1-6; "Logan's Lost Lesson"/''Marvel Holiday Special 2011''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Fanny Britt]] for [[Jane, le renard & moi]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & Me]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding WebComic Creator/Creative Team===
* 2007 Dan Kim, for ''April & May & June'', ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''
* 2008 [[Ryan Sohmer]] & [[Lar deSouza]], for ''[[Looking for Group]]'' & ''[[Least I Could Do]]''
* 2009 [[Cameron Stewart]] for ''[[Sin Titulo]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Karl Kerschl]] for ''[[The Abominable Charles Christopher]]''{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emily Carroll]] for ''[[His Face All Red]]'' and more{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Emily Carroll]] for various comics, 2011{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Michael DeForge]] for ''[[Ant Comic]]'' {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Colourist===
* 2008 [[Dave McCaig]] for ''[[Nextwave]]'', Agents of H.A.T.E. #12, ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]]'' #27-35, ''[[Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America]]'' #1: ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'', ''[[Marvel Comics Presents]]'' #1-4, ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'' #50, ''[[Avengers (comics)|Avengers]] Classic'' #7 ([[Marvel Comics]]) DC Infinite Halloween Special #1 ([[DC Comics]]), ''[[The Other Side (comics)|The Other Side]]'' #4-5 ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Vertigo (DC Comics)|Vertigo]]) ''[[Stephen Colbert]]’s [[Tek Jansen]]'' #1 ([[Oni Press]])
* 2009 [[François Lapierre]] for ''“Gédéon et la bête du lac” [[Contes et légendes du Québec]]'' (Glénat Québec), ''[[Magasin général]] 4'' (Casterman){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Nathan Fairbairn]] for ''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]] #605, [[Dark Reign: The List]] – X-Men #1, [[Dark X-Men]]: The Confession #1 (Cover), [[Guardians of the Galaxy (2008 team)|Guardians of the Galaxy]] #16, 18-19, [[House of M: Masters of Evil]] #1, [[Marvel Mystery Comics]] 70th Anniversary Special #1, [[Nation X]] #1, [[Realm of Kings]]: Imperial Guard #1-2, [[Timestorm 2009–2099]]: [[Spider-Man]], [[War of Kings]]: Warriors #2, [[Wolverine (comic book)|Wolverine]] #72, [[Wolverine: Origins]] #32, [[Wolverine: Weapon X]] #6-8, [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #39-50, 200 (Variant) (Cover), [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #45, [[X-Men: Kingbreaker]] #2-4, [[Gambit (comics)|X-Men Origins: Gambit]] #1'' (Marvel Comics), ''[[Tek Jansen|Stephen Colbert’s Tek Jansen]] #4-5'' (Oni Press){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Julie Rocheleau (comics)|Julie Rocheleau]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Cover (2008-2010) / Cover Artist (2011-)===
* 2008 [[Steve Skroce]] for ''[[Doc Frankenstein]]'' #6 ([[Burlyman Entertainment|Burleyman]])
* 2009 [[Niko Henrichon]] for ''[[Hostile]] Tome 1: Impact'' (Dupuis){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Richard Stark's Parker: The Hunter]]'' (IDW){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Fiona Staples]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[François Lapierre]] for ''Chroniques Sauvages''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Mike Del Mundo]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Comics for Kids Award ===
* 2009 ''[[Jellaby]] Book 1'' by [[Kean Soo]] {{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 ''[[Nightschool]]: The Weirn Books Vols.1-2'' ([[Yen Press]]) by [[Svetlana Chmakova]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 ''[[Three Thieves Book One: Tower of Treasure]]'' ([[Kids Can Press]]) by [[Scott Chantler]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 ''[[Ariane et Nicolas]] Tome 6: Les Toiles Mysterieuses'' by [[Paul Roux ]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 ''[[Cat’s Cradle]] Volume 1: The Golden Twine'' by [[Joe Rioux]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Gene Day Award for Canadian Self-Publishing (New in 2009)===
* 2009 [[Jesse Jacobs]] for ''[[Blue Winter, Shapes in the Snow]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Ethan Rilly]] for ''[[Pope Hats]]'' No.1{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[John Martz]] for ''[[Heaven All Day]]''{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Dakota McFadzean]] for Ghost Rabbit{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Cory McCallum]] and [[Matthew Daley]] - ''[[The Pig Sleep]]: A Mr. Monitor Case''

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
* 2005 [[Now & Then Books]] ([[Kitchener, Ontario]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Strange Adventures (comics retailer)|Strange Adventures]] ([[Halifax Urban Area|Halifax, Nova Scotia]])
* 2007 [[Happy Harbor Comics|Happy Harbor]] ([[Edmonton, Alberta]])
* 2008 [[Big B Comics]] ([[Hamilton, Ontario]])
* 2009 [[Legends Comics and Books]] ([[Victoria, British Columbia]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[The Beguiling]] ([[Toronto, Ontario]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Planète BD]] ([[Montreal, Quebec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Silver Snail]] (Toronto, Ontario){{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Heroes Comics]] ([[London, Ontario]]){{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Hall of Fame Inductees===
* 2005 [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Leo Bachle]] (a.k.a. Les Barker) (1926–2003){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Adrian Dingle (cartoonist)|Adrian Dingle]] (1911–1974){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Hal Foster]] (1892–1982){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Ed Furness]] (1911–2005){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Rand Holmes]] (1942–2002){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Jon St. Ables]] (1912–1999)
* 2006 [[Owen McCarron]] (1929–2005)
* 2006 [[Win Mortimer]] (1919–1998)
* 2006 [[Dave Sim]] (1956-)
* 2007 [[Albert Chartier]] (1912–2004)
* 2007 [[Gerald Lazare]] (1927-)
* 2007 [[Jacques Hurtubise]] aka ZYX (1950-)
* 2007 [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982)
* 2008 [[Ted McCall]] (1901–1975)
* 2008 [[Pierre Fournier (comic books)|Pierre Fournier]] (1949-)
* 2008 [[Stanley Berneche]] (1947-)
* 2008 [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]] (1950-)
* 2009 [[George Menendez Rae]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1906–1992)
* 2009 [[Réal Godbout]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1951-)
* 2009 [[Ken Steacy]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2009 [[Diana Schutz]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2010 [[Dave Darrigo]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Serge Gaboury]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Deni Loubert]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-)
* 2010 [[Richard Comely]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1950-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[George Freeman (comics)|George Freeman]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[Claude St. Aubin]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2011 [[Chester Brown]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1960-)
* 2011 [[Todd McFarlane]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1961-)

===Voters Choice - Outstanding International Creator===
* 2006 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2007 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' and ''[[Doctor Strange: The Oath]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Pride of Baghdad]]'', ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2008 [[Ed Brubaker]] for ''[[Captain America]]'', ''[[Criminal (comics)|Criminal]]'', ''[[Immortal Iron Fist]]'' and ''[[Uncanny X-Men]]'' ([[Marvel Comics]])
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (English Language)===
* 2007 Dan Kim for ''April & May & June, ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''.
* 2008 [[Faith Erin Hicks]] for ''[[Zombies Calling]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (French Language)===
* 2007 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''[[Paul a la Pêche]]'', published by [[La Pastèque]].
* 2008 [[Philippe Girard]] for ''[[Danger Public]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

==See also==
{{Portal|Comics|Canada}}
*[[Doug Wright Award]]
*[[Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=20em}}

===Works cited===
{{Refbegin|indent=y|colwidth=40em}}

: {{cite book
|ref = harv
|authorlink = John Bell (historian)
|last = Bell
|first = John
|title = Invaders from the North: How Canada Conquered the Comic Book Universe
|location = Toronto
|publisher = [[Dundurn Press]]
|year = 2006
|isbn = 978-1-55002-659-7}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|MacDonald|2011}}
|url = http://www.comicsbeat.com/2011/06/20/2011-joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = 2011 Joe Shuster Award winners announced
|first = Heidi
|last = MacDonald
|author-link = Heidi MacDonald
|publisher = [http://www.comicsbeat.com The Beat]
|date = 2011-06-20
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Melrose|2009}}
|url = http://robot6.comicbookresources.com/2009/09/winners-of-the-2009-joe-shuster-awards/
|title = Winners of the 2009 Joe Shuster Awards
|first = Kevin
|last = Melrose
|publisher = [[Comic Book Resources]]
|date = 2009-09-27
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Spurgeon|2012}}
|title = Your 2012 Joe Shuster Awards Winners
|first = Tom
|last = Spurgeon
|author-link = Tom Spurgeon
|url = http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/your_2012_joe_shuster_awards_winners/
|publisher = ''The Comics Reporter''
|date = 2012-09-18
|accessdate = 2012-09-19}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Awards to be given for Canadian comic-book excellence
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 267
|page = 47
|month = April
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Sim, Cooke among Shuster Winners
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 269
|page = 48
|month = July
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Nominees Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 275
|page = 33
|month = April
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Winners Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 277
|page = 27–28
|month = July
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite news
|ref = {{SfnRef|Vu|2010}}
|url = http://arts.nationalpost.com/2010/06/07/joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = Joe Shuster Award-winners announced
|first = Liem
|last = Vu
|newspaper = [[The National Post]]
|date = 2010-06-07
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite book
|ref = {{SfnRef|Weiner, et al.|2010}}
|title = Graphic Novels and Comics in Libraries and Archives: Essays on Readers, Research, History and Cataloging
|year = 2010
|publisher = McFarland
|isbn = 078644302
|first = Robert G.
|last = Weiner
|coauthors = Randall William Scott, Elizabeth Figa, Amy Kiste Nyberg, William T. Fee, Francisca Goldsmith
|editor-first = Robert G.
|editor-last = Weiner}}

{{Refend}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://www.joeshusterawards.com}}
* [http://theexcerpt.com/2010/06/an-interview-with-kevin-boyd-of-the-joe-shuster-awards/ Interview with Kevin Boyd about the awards]
* Jamie Coville's audio recordings of the [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/JoeShusterAwards2006.mp3 2nd (2006)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2007JoeShusterAwards-Full.mp3 3rd (2007)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/08-06-14-JSAfull.MP3 4th (2008)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2009-09-26-JoeShusterAwards.mp3 5th (2009)] and [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/10-06-05-6thJoeShusterAwards.mp3 6th (2010)] Annual Awards
* Jamie Coville covers the [http://www.collectortimes.com/2005_06/cons2.html 1st (2005)], [http://www.collectortimes.com/2006_06/cons2.html 2nd (2006)] and [http://www.collectortimes.com/2007_07/cons1.html 3rd (2007)] Awards Ceremony for the Collector Times
* [http://thefablerblog.com/kevins-column/the-fabler-blog-looks-at-the-2010-joe-shuster-award-nominees The Fabler Blog looks at the 2010 Nominees]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=1709#respond Metro Columnist Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2008 Awards ceremony]
* [http://kev-the-mev.livejournal.com/101536.html?mode=reply 4th Annual JSA's Completed!]
* [http://www.bestofmostof.com/07jun/index070611.htm Blake Bell covers the 2007 Awards Ceremony]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=789 Metro columnist & CCBCAA member Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2007 Awards ceremony]
* [http://www.cbc.ca/arts/story/2005/05/02/comicawards050502.html Canadian comic-book awards: one down, one to go] CBC Arts report on the 1st year

{{Canadian comics}}

[[Category:Comics awards in Canada|Joe Shuster]]

Joe Shuster Award

2013-10-18T20:37:54Z

192.75.165.28: /* Outstanding Cover (2008-2010) / Cover Artist (2011-) */

{{Infobox award
| name = Joe Shuster Award
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| caption = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| description = Outstanding achievements in [[Canadian comics]]
| presenter = [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]]
| host =
| date = 
| location =
| country = [[Canada]]
| reward =
| year =
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| holder =
| website = http://www.joeshusterawards.com
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The '''Joe Shuster Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards''' (or '''Joe Shuster Awards''') are given out annually for outstanding achievements in the creation of [[comic books]], [[graphic novels]], [[webcomics]], and comics retailers and publishers by [[Canadian comics|Canadians]]. The awards, first handed out in April 2005, are named in honour of [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), the Canadian-born co-creator of [[Superman]].

The [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]] is a not-for-profit organization formed in 2004 to administer the awards.

==Overview==
The Joe Shuster Awards are comic book industry oriented awards that recognize the achievements of [[Canadian]] citizens and permanent residents.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} Founded initially as an English language comics award the criteria has been changed and refined since 2006 to be inclusive of all works published in Canada (see Language Criteria). The majority of the awards were initially committee-nominated, public-vote awards{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}, with write-in nominations accepted for the International Creator award.{{sfn|Stump|2005a}} This was changed in 2008 to a committee-nominated, jury-selected model, with publishers nominating works within the relevant award category.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} The model established in 2008 was designed to eliminate voter bias and [[ballot stuffing]]. The jury deliberates until they agree on a winner, discussing the merits of each candidate.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}}

They are named after Canadian-born cartoonist [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), who co-created [[Superman]] in 1938.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}} The name is used with the approval of the Estate of Joe Shuster (Michael Catron, Estate Agent).{{cn|date=September 2012}} The award, which focuses mainly on mainstream comics, is complemented by the [[Doug Wright Award]]s, which focuses on alternative comics, cartooning, and comic strips.{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}}

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
The late Harry Kremer, owner of Now & Then Books in [[Regional Municipality of Waterloo|Kitchener-Waterloo]], [[Ontario]], was a true pioneer in the industry and a constant and tireless promoter and patron of the medium and owner one of the first comic book specialty stores in Canada. His memory is kept alive in the award that has been named after him – the Outstanding Canadian Comic Book Retailer Award.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} The Award was given to Kremer's store in 2005, with open voting from 2006 onwards.{{sfn|Stump|2006b}}

===Gene Day Self-Publisher Award===
Named after the late comics artist and self-publisher [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982), this award honours Canadian comic book creators or creative teams who self-published their work, but did not have the books distributed by a third party distributor. The award winner receives a bursary of $500. The award was introduced in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shuster Awards Announce Honor Named for Gene Day|url=http://www.comicbookbin.com/joeshusterawardsnews001.html|publisher=Comic Book Bin|accessdate=13 September 2012|date=May 3 2009}}</ref> Prior to this, Dave Sim had established a Gene Day award distributed annually at the [[Small Press and Alternative Comics Expo]] in [[Columbus, Ohio]] from 2002 to 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.backporchcomics.com/space.htm |title=SPACE |publisher=BackPorchComics.com |date= |accessdate=2011-07-18}}</ref>

===Comics For Kids Award===
This award, established in 2004,{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} Works considered for this award are comic books and graphic novels that are targeted at readers 14 and under. Nominees are selected by a team of educators led by Jennifer Haines, MA, B.Ed., who is also the proprietor of Guelph, Ontario’s The Dragon comic book shop.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

===Canadian Comic Book Creator Hall of Fame===
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
Includes dozens of creators such as [[Hal Foster]], [[Win Mortimer]], [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]], [[Dave Sim]] and more.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Language Criteria==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards honour original work published during the previous calendar year in any language. However, Canada has two official languages - French and English, so extra research and attention is given to works published in the two official languages. In order to ensure that bilingual works are included on the ballot, two nominating committees select the finalists in each official language and the finalists are merged for the announced ballot. The nominated books are then given to jury members who can read both official languages for equal consideration.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Nationality and residency==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards are open to all Canadian Citizens.

Canadian citizens who have chosen to reside outside of Canada are still eligible for consideration, unless they contact the Awards Organization and notify them that they have surrendered their Canadian citizenship and no longer wish to be considered for their recent work as a Canadian citizen.

Non-Canadians who have achieved Permanent Residency status in Canada are also eligible for consideration. In order to be considered for inclusion as a resident, the individual must have lived in Canada for three years. Permanent Residents who do not wish to be considered may opt out of the Awards program before the selection process begins by sending a statement in writing to the Awards Organization. If an approved Permanent Resident moves away from Canada, they are no longer considered eligible for the awards.

==Categories==

Categories and winners of Joe Shuster Awards are as follows:

===Outstanding Achievement===
*2005 [[Dave Sim]] and [[Gerhard (comics artist)|Gerhard]] for completing ''[[Cerebus]]'' in 2004. Begun in 1977, this 300-issue series is a milestone in comic book publishing and is the longest running creator-owned comic book series.{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006-2007 No winner
* 2008 David Watkins for using comic books as a teaching tool.
* 2009 Category suspended

===Outstanding Artist===
* 2005 [[Kaare Andrews]] for ''[[Spider-Man]]/[[Doctor Octopus]]: Year One'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Pia Guerra]] for ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]]) and a story in ''[[Spider-Man]] Unlimited'' #10 (published by [[Marvel Comics]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] and [[J. Bone]] for ''[[Batman/The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Dale Eaglesham]] for ''[[Justice Society of America]]'' #2-4, 6-7, 9-11 ([[DC Comics]])
* 2009 [[David Finch (comics)|David Finch]] for ''[[Ultimatum (Ultimate Marvel)|Ultimatum]]'' #1-2{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Stuart Immonen]] for ''[[Ultimate Spider-Man]] 130-133'', ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]] 55-60'', ''[[Fantastic Four]] 569'' (Marvel), ''The CBLDF Presents Liberty Comics 2 – "Trampoline Hall"'' (Image Comics){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Francis Manapul]] for [[Adventure Comics]]#6, [[The Flash]]#1-6, [[Superman/Batman]]#75 ([[DC Comics]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Stuart Immonen]] for [["Fear Itself (comics)|"Fear Itself]] #1-7; "Queen, King, Off-Suit"/''X-Men: To Serve and Protect'' #4; "Say You're Dead"/''Outlaw Territory'' Volume 2{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Isabelle Arsenault]] for [["Jane, le renard & moi"]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & I]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Cartoonist (Writer/Artist)===
* 2005 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[DC: The New Frontier]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Bryan Lee O'Malley]] for ''[[Scott Pilgrim]]'' Vol. 2 (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Spirit (comics)|The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Jeff Lemire]] for ''[[Essex County Trilogy|Essex County]] Vol. 1: Tales From The Farm'', ''Essex County Vol. 2: Ghost Stories'' ([[Top Shelf Productions|Top Shelf]])
* 2009 [[Dave Sim]] for ''[[Glamourpuss]] #1-4'' and ''Judenhass''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''Paul, tome 06: [[Paul à Québec]]'' (La Pastèque){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Tin Can Forest]] for [[Baba Yaga and the Wolf]] ([[Koyama Press]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Ramon K Pérez]] for ''[[Jim Henson's Tale of Sand]]''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Jeff Lemire]] for [[The Underwater Welder]] and [[Sweet Tooth]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Publisher===
* 2005 [[Arcana Studio]]{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2007 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2008 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2009 [[Les 400 coups]] / [[Mécanique Générale]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[La Pastèque]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Koyama Press]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Writer===
* 2005 (tie) [[Samm Barnes]] for ''[[Doctor Spectrum]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 (tie) [[Ty Templeton]] for ''The [[Batman Adventures]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[J. Torres]] for ''[[Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight]]'' and ''[[Teen Titans Go!]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]), and ''[[Love As A Foreign Language]]'' (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Superman Confidential]]'' #1-2 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Cecil Castellucci]] for ''[[The P.L.A.I.N. Janes]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]])
* 2009 [[Mariko Tamaki]] for ''[[Skim (graphic novel)|Skim]]'' ([[Groundwood Books]]) and ''[[Emiko Superstar]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Maryse Dubuc]] for ''[[The Bellybuttons|Les Nombrils 4: Duels de belles]]'' ([[Dupuis]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emilie Villeneuve]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Kurtis J. Wiebe]] for [[The Green Wake]] #1-8; [[The Intrepids]] #1-6; "Logan's Lost Lesson"/''Marvel Holiday Special 2011''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Fanny Britt]] for [[Jane, le renard & moi]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & Me]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding WebComic Creator/Creative Team===
* 2007 Dan Kim, for ''April & May & June'', ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''
* 2008 [[Ryan Sohmer]] & [[Lar deSouza]], for ''[[Looking for Group]]'' & ''[[Least I Could Do]]''
* 2009 [[Cameron Stewart]] for ''[[Sin Titulo]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Karl Kerschl]] for ''[[The Abominable Charles Christopher]]''{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emily Carroll]] for ''[[His Face All Red]]'' and more{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Emily Carroll]] for various comics, 2011{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Michael DeForge]] for ''[[Ant Comic]]'' {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Colourist===
* 2008 [[Dave McCaig]] for ''[[Nextwave]]'', Agents of H.A.T.E. #12, ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]]'' #27-35, ''[[Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America]]'' #1: ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'', ''[[Marvel Comics Presents]]'' #1-4, ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'' #50, ''[[Avengers (comics)|Avengers]] Classic'' #7 ([[Marvel Comics]]) DC Infinite Halloween Special #1 ([[DC Comics]]), ''[[The Other Side (comics)|The Other Side]]'' #4-5 ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Vertigo (DC Comics)|Vertigo]]) ''[[Stephen Colbert]]’s [[Tek Jansen]]'' #1 ([[Oni Press]])
* 2009 [[François Lapierre]] for ''“Gédéon et la bête du lac” [[Contes et légendes du Québec]]'' (Glénat Québec), ''[[Magasin général]] 4'' (Casterman){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Nathan Fairbairn]] for ''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]] #605, [[Dark Reign: The List]] – X-Men #1, [[Dark X-Men]]: The Confession #1 (Cover), [[Guardians of the Galaxy (2008 team)|Guardians of the Galaxy]] #16, 18-19, [[House of M: Masters of Evil]] #1, [[Marvel Mystery Comics]] 70th Anniversary Special #1, [[Nation X]] #1, [[Realm of Kings]]: Imperial Guard #1-2, [[Timestorm 2009–2099]]: [[Spider-Man]], [[War of Kings]]: Warriors #2, [[Wolverine (comic book)|Wolverine]] #72, [[Wolverine: Origins]] #32, [[Wolverine: Weapon X]] #6-8, [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #39-50, 200 (Variant) (Cover), [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #45, [[X-Men: Kingbreaker]] #2-4, [[Gambit (comics)|X-Men Origins: Gambit]] #1'' (Marvel Comics), ''[[Tek Jansen|Stephen Colbert’s Tek Jansen]] #4-5'' (Oni Press){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Julie Rocheleau (comics)|Julie Rocheleau]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Cover (2008-2010) / Cover Artist (2011-)===
* 2008 [[Steve Skroce]] for ''[[Doc Frankenstein]]'' #6 ([[Burlyman Entertainment|Burleyman]])
* 2009 [[Niko Henrichon]] for ''[[Hostile]] Tome 1: Impact'' (Dupuis){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Richard Stark's Parker: The Hunter]]'' (IDW){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Fiona Staples]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[François Lapierre]] for ''Chroniques Sauvages''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Mike Del Mundo]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Comics for Kids Award ===
* 2009 ''[[Jellaby]] Book 1'' by [[Kean Soo]] {{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 ''[[Nightschool]]: The Weirn Books Vols.1-2'' ([[Yen Press]]) by [[Svetlana Chmakova]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 ''[[Three Thieves Book One: Tower of Treasure]]'' ([[Kids Can Press]]) by [[Scott Chantler]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 ''[[Ariane et Nicolas]] Tome 6: Les Toiles Mysterieuses'' by [[Paul Roux ]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 ''[[Cat’s Cradle]] Volume 1: The Golden Twine'' by [[Joe Rioux]]

===Gene Day Award for Canadian Self-Publishing (New in 2009)===
* 2009 [[Jesse Jacobs]] for ''[[Blue Winter, Shapes in the Snow]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Ethan Rilly]] for ''[[Pope Hats]]'' No.1{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[John Martz]] for ''[[Heaven All Day]]''{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Dakota McFadzean]] for Ghost Rabbit{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Cory McCallum]] and [[Matthew Daley]] - ''[[The Pig Sleep]]: A Mr. Monitor Case''

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
* 2005 [[Now & Then Books]] ([[Kitchener, Ontario]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Strange Adventures (comics retailer)|Strange Adventures]] ([[Halifax Urban Area|Halifax, Nova Scotia]])
* 2007 [[Happy Harbor Comics|Happy Harbor]] ([[Edmonton, Alberta]])
* 2008 [[Big B Comics]] ([[Hamilton, Ontario]])
* 2009 [[Legends Comics and Books]] ([[Victoria, British Columbia]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[The Beguiling]] ([[Toronto, Ontario]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Planète BD]] ([[Montreal, Quebec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Silver Snail]] (Toronto, Ontario){{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Heroes Comics]] ([[London, Ontario]]){{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Hall of Fame Inductees===
* 2005 [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Leo Bachle]] (a.k.a. Les Barker) (1926–2003){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Adrian Dingle (cartoonist)|Adrian Dingle]] (1911–1974){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Hal Foster]] (1892–1982){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Ed Furness]] (1911–2005){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Rand Holmes]] (1942–2002){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Jon St. Ables]] (1912–1999)
* 2006 [[Owen McCarron]] (1929–2005)
* 2006 [[Win Mortimer]] (1919–1998)
* 2006 [[Dave Sim]] (1956-)
* 2007 [[Albert Chartier]] (1912–2004)
* 2007 [[Gerald Lazare]] (1927-)
* 2007 [[Jacques Hurtubise]] aka ZYX (1950-)
* 2007 [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982)
* 2008 [[Ted McCall]] (1901–1975)
* 2008 [[Pierre Fournier (comic books)|Pierre Fournier]] (1949-)
* 2008 [[Stanley Berneche]] (1947-)
* 2008 [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]] (1950-)
* 2009 [[George Menendez Rae]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1906–1992)
* 2009 [[Réal Godbout]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1951-)
* 2009 [[Ken Steacy]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2009 [[Diana Schutz]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2010 [[Dave Darrigo]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Serge Gaboury]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Deni Loubert]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-)
* 2010 [[Richard Comely]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1950-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[George Freeman (comics)|George Freeman]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[Claude St. Aubin]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2011 [[Chester Brown]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1960-)
* 2011 [[Todd McFarlane]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1961-)

===Voters Choice - Outstanding International Creator===
* 2006 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2007 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' and ''[[Doctor Strange: The Oath]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Pride of Baghdad]]'', ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2008 [[Ed Brubaker]] for ''[[Captain America]]'', ''[[Criminal (comics)|Criminal]]'', ''[[Immortal Iron Fist]]'' and ''[[Uncanny X-Men]]'' ([[Marvel Comics]])
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (English Language)===
* 2007 Dan Kim for ''April & May & June, ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''.
* 2008 [[Faith Erin Hicks]] for ''[[Zombies Calling]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (French Language)===
* 2007 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''[[Paul a la Pêche]]'', published by [[La Pastèque]].
* 2008 [[Philippe Girard]] for ''[[Danger Public]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

==See also==
{{Portal|Comics|Canada}}
*[[Doug Wright Award]]
*[[Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=20em}}

===Works cited===
{{Refbegin|indent=y|colwidth=40em}}

: {{cite book
|ref = harv
|authorlink = John Bell (historian)
|last = Bell
|first = John
|title = Invaders from the North: How Canada Conquered the Comic Book Universe
|location = Toronto
|publisher = [[Dundurn Press]]
|year = 2006
|isbn = 978-1-55002-659-7}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|MacDonald|2011}}
|url = http://www.comicsbeat.com/2011/06/20/2011-joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = 2011 Joe Shuster Award winners announced
|first = Heidi
|last = MacDonald
|author-link = Heidi MacDonald
|publisher = [http://www.comicsbeat.com The Beat]
|date = 2011-06-20
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Melrose|2009}}
|url = http://robot6.comicbookresources.com/2009/09/winners-of-the-2009-joe-shuster-awards/
|title = Winners of the 2009 Joe Shuster Awards
|first = Kevin
|last = Melrose
|publisher = [[Comic Book Resources]]
|date = 2009-09-27
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Spurgeon|2012}}
|title = Your 2012 Joe Shuster Awards Winners
|first = Tom
|last = Spurgeon
|author-link = Tom Spurgeon
|url = http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/your_2012_joe_shuster_awards_winners/
|publisher = ''The Comics Reporter''
|date = 2012-09-18
|accessdate = 2012-09-19}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Awards to be given for Canadian comic-book excellence
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 267
|page = 47
|month = April
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Sim, Cooke among Shuster Winners
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 269
|page = 48
|month = July
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Nominees Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 275
|page = 33
|month = April
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Winners Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 277
|page = 27–28
|month = July
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite news
|ref = {{SfnRef|Vu|2010}}
|url = http://arts.nationalpost.com/2010/06/07/joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = Joe Shuster Award-winners announced
|first = Liem
|last = Vu
|newspaper = [[The National Post]]
|date = 2010-06-07
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite book
|ref = {{SfnRef|Weiner, et al.|2010}}
|title = Graphic Novels and Comics in Libraries and Archives: Essays on Readers, Research, History and Cataloging
|year = 2010
|publisher = McFarland
|isbn = 078644302
|first = Robert G.
|last = Weiner
|coauthors = Randall William Scott, Elizabeth Figa, Amy Kiste Nyberg, William T. Fee, Francisca Goldsmith
|editor-first = Robert G.
|editor-last = Weiner}}

{{Refend}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://www.joeshusterawards.com}}
* [http://theexcerpt.com/2010/06/an-interview-with-kevin-boyd-of-the-joe-shuster-awards/ Interview with Kevin Boyd about the awards]
* Jamie Coville's audio recordings of the [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/JoeShusterAwards2006.mp3 2nd (2006)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2007JoeShusterAwards-Full.mp3 3rd (2007)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/08-06-14-JSAfull.MP3 4th (2008)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2009-09-26-JoeShusterAwards.mp3 5th (2009)] and [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/10-06-05-6thJoeShusterAwards.mp3 6th (2010)] Annual Awards
* Jamie Coville covers the [http://www.collectortimes.com/2005_06/cons2.html 1st (2005)], [http://www.collectortimes.com/2006_06/cons2.html 2nd (2006)] and [http://www.collectortimes.com/2007_07/cons1.html 3rd (2007)] Awards Ceremony for the Collector Times
* [http://thefablerblog.com/kevins-column/the-fabler-blog-looks-at-the-2010-joe-shuster-award-nominees The Fabler Blog looks at the 2010 Nominees]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=1709#respond Metro Columnist Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2008 Awards ceremony]
* [http://kev-the-mev.livejournal.com/101536.html?mode=reply 4th Annual JSA's Completed!]
* [http://www.bestofmostof.com/07jun/index070611.htm Blake Bell covers the 2007 Awards Ceremony]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=789 Metro columnist & CCBCAA member Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2007 Awards ceremony]
* [http://www.cbc.ca/arts/story/2005/05/02/comicawards050502.html Canadian comic-book awards: one down, one to go] CBC Arts report on the 1st year

{{Canadian comics}}

[[Category:Comics awards in Canada|Joe Shuster]]

Joe Shuster Award

2013-10-18T20:37:32Z

192.75.165.28: /* Outstanding WebComic Creator/Creative Team */

{{Infobox award
| name = Joe Shuster Award
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| imagesize =
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| caption = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| description = Outstanding achievements in [[Canadian comics]]
| presenter = [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]]
| host =
| date = 
| location =
| country = [[Canada]]
| reward =
| year =
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| website = http://www.joeshusterawards.com
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The '''Joe Shuster Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards''' (or '''Joe Shuster Awards''') are given out annually for outstanding achievements in the creation of [[comic books]], [[graphic novels]], [[webcomics]], and comics retailers and publishers by [[Canadian comics|Canadians]]. The awards, first handed out in April 2005, are named in honour of [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), the Canadian-born co-creator of [[Superman]].

The [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]] is a not-for-profit organization formed in 2004 to administer the awards.

==Overview==
The Joe Shuster Awards are comic book industry oriented awards that recognize the achievements of [[Canadian]] citizens and permanent residents.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} Founded initially as an English language comics award the criteria has been changed and refined since 2006 to be inclusive of all works published in Canada (see Language Criteria). The majority of the awards were initially committee-nominated, public-vote awards{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}, with write-in nominations accepted for the International Creator award.{{sfn|Stump|2005a}} This was changed in 2008 to a committee-nominated, jury-selected model, with publishers nominating works within the relevant award category.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} The model established in 2008 was designed to eliminate voter bias and [[ballot stuffing]]. The jury deliberates until they agree on a winner, discussing the merits of each candidate.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}}

They are named after Canadian-born cartoonist [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), who co-created [[Superman]] in 1938.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}} The name is used with the approval of the Estate of Joe Shuster (Michael Catron, Estate Agent).{{cn|date=September 2012}} The award, which focuses mainly on mainstream comics, is complemented by the [[Doug Wright Award]]s, which focuses on alternative comics, cartooning, and comic strips.{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}}

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
The late Harry Kremer, owner of Now & Then Books in [[Regional Municipality of Waterloo|Kitchener-Waterloo]], [[Ontario]], was a true pioneer in the industry and a constant and tireless promoter and patron of the medium and owner one of the first comic book specialty stores in Canada. His memory is kept alive in the award that has been named after him – the Outstanding Canadian Comic Book Retailer Award.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} The Award was given to Kremer's store in 2005, with open voting from 2006 onwards.{{sfn|Stump|2006b}}

===Gene Day Self-Publisher Award===
Named after the late comics artist and self-publisher [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982), this award honours Canadian comic book creators or creative teams who self-published their work, but did not have the books distributed by a third party distributor. The award winner receives a bursary of $500. The award was introduced in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shuster Awards Announce Honor Named for Gene Day|url=http://www.comicbookbin.com/joeshusterawardsnews001.html|publisher=Comic Book Bin|accessdate=13 September 2012|date=May 3 2009}}</ref> Prior to this, Dave Sim had established a Gene Day award distributed annually at the [[Small Press and Alternative Comics Expo]] in [[Columbus, Ohio]] from 2002 to 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.backporchcomics.com/space.htm |title=SPACE |publisher=BackPorchComics.com |date= |accessdate=2011-07-18}}</ref>

===Comics For Kids Award===
This award, established in 2004,{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} Works considered for this award are comic books and graphic novels that are targeted at readers 14 and under. Nominees are selected by a team of educators led by Jennifer Haines, MA, B.Ed., who is also the proprietor of Guelph, Ontario’s The Dragon comic book shop.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

===Canadian Comic Book Creator Hall of Fame===
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
Includes dozens of creators such as [[Hal Foster]], [[Win Mortimer]], [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]], [[Dave Sim]] and more.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Language Criteria==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards honour original work published during the previous calendar year in any language. However, Canada has two official languages - French and English, so extra research and attention is given to works published in the two official languages. In order to ensure that bilingual works are included on the ballot, two nominating committees select the finalists in each official language and the finalists are merged for the announced ballot. The nominated books are then given to jury members who can read both official languages for equal consideration.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Nationality and residency==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards are open to all Canadian Citizens.

Canadian citizens who have chosen to reside outside of Canada are still eligible for consideration, unless they contact the Awards Organization and notify them that they have surrendered their Canadian citizenship and no longer wish to be considered for their recent work as a Canadian citizen.

Non-Canadians who have achieved Permanent Residency status in Canada are also eligible for consideration. In order to be considered for inclusion as a resident, the individual must have lived in Canada for three years. Permanent Residents who do not wish to be considered may opt out of the Awards program before the selection process begins by sending a statement in writing to the Awards Organization. If an approved Permanent Resident moves away from Canada, they are no longer considered eligible for the awards.

==Categories==

Categories and winners of Joe Shuster Awards are as follows:

===Outstanding Achievement===
*2005 [[Dave Sim]] and [[Gerhard (comics artist)|Gerhard]] for completing ''[[Cerebus]]'' in 2004. Begun in 1977, this 300-issue series is a milestone in comic book publishing and is the longest running creator-owned comic book series.{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006-2007 No winner
* 2008 David Watkins for using comic books as a teaching tool.
* 2009 Category suspended

===Outstanding Artist===
* 2005 [[Kaare Andrews]] for ''[[Spider-Man]]/[[Doctor Octopus]]: Year One'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Pia Guerra]] for ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]]) and a story in ''[[Spider-Man]] Unlimited'' #10 (published by [[Marvel Comics]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] and [[J. Bone]] for ''[[Batman/The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Dale Eaglesham]] for ''[[Justice Society of America]]'' #2-4, 6-7, 9-11 ([[DC Comics]])
* 2009 [[David Finch (comics)|David Finch]] for ''[[Ultimatum (Ultimate Marvel)|Ultimatum]]'' #1-2{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Stuart Immonen]] for ''[[Ultimate Spider-Man]] 130-133'', ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]] 55-60'', ''[[Fantastic Four]] 569'' (Marvel), ''The CBLDF Presents Liberty Comics 2 – "Trampoline Hall"'' (Image Comics){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Francis Manapul]] for [[Adventure Comics]]#6, [[The Flash]]#1-6, [[Superman/Batman]]#75 ([[DC Comics]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Stuart Immonen]] for [["Fear Itself (comics)|"Fear Itself]] #1-7; "Queen, King, Off-Suit"/''X-Men: To Serve and Protect'' #4; "Say You're Dead"/''Outlaw Territory'' Volume 2{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Isabelle Arsenault]] for [["Jane, le renard & moi"]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & I]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Cartoonist (Writer/Artist)===
* 2005 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[DC: The New Frontier]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Bryan Lee O'Malley]] for ''[[Scott Pilgrim]]'' Vol. 2 (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Spirit (comics)|The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Jeff Lemire]] for ''[[Essex County Trilogy|Essex County]] Vol. 1: Tales From The Farm'', ''Essex County Vol. 2: Ghost Stories'' ([[Top Shelf Productions|Top Shelf]])
* 2009 [[Dave Sim]] for ''[[Glamourpuss]] #1-4'' and ''Judenhass''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''Paul, tome 06: [[Paul à Québec]]'' (La Pastèque){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Tin Can Forest]] for [[Baba Yaga and the Wolf]] ([[Koyama Press]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Ramon K Pérez]] for ''[[Jim Henson's Tale of Sand]]''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Jeff Lemire]] for [[The Underwater Welder]] and [[Sweet Tooth]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Publisher===
* 2005 [[Arcana Studio]]{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2007 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2008 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2009 [[Les 400 coups]] / [[Mécanique Générale]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[La Pastèque]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Koyama Press]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Writer===
* 2005 (tie) [[Samm Barnes]] for ''[[Doctor Spectrum]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 (tie) [[Ty Templeton]] for ''The [[Batman Adventures]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[J. Torres]] for ''[[Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight]]'' and ''[[Teen Titans Go!]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]), and ''[[Love As A Foreign Language]]'' (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Superman Confidential]]'' #1-2 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Cecil Castellucci]] for ''[[The P.L.A.I.N. Janes]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]])
* 2009 [[Mariko Tamaki]] for ''[[Skim (graphic novel)|Skim]]'' ([[Groundwood Books]]) and ''[[Emiko Superstar]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Maryse Dubuc]] for ''[[The Bellybuttons|Les Nombrils 4: Duels de belles]]'' ([[Dupuis]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emilie Villeneuve]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Kurtis J. Wiebe]] for [[The Green Wake]] #1-8; [[The Intrepids]] #1-6; "Logan's Lost Lesson"/''Marvel Holiday Special 2011''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Fanny Britt]] for [[Jane, le renard & moi]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & Me]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding WebComic Creator/Creative Team===
* 2007 Dan Kim, for ''April & May & June'', ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''
* 2008 [[Ryan Sohmer]] & [[Lar deSouza]], for ''[[Looking for Group]]'' & ''[[Least I Could Do]]''
* 2009 [[Cameron Stewart]] for ''[[Sin Titulo]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Karl Kerschl]] for ''[[The Abominable Charles Christopher]]''{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emily Carroll]] for ''[[His Face All Red]]'' and more{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Emily Carroll]] for various comics, 2011{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Michael DeForge]] for ''[[Ant Comic]]'' {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Colourist===
* 2008 [[Dave McCaig]] for ''[[Nextwave]]'', Agents of H.A.T.E. #12, ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]]'' #27-35, ''[[Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America]]'' #1: ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'', ''[[Marvel Comics Presents]]'' #1-4, ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'' #50, ''[[Avengers (comics)|Avengers]] Classic'' #7 ([[Marvel Comics]]) DC Infinite Halloween Special #1 ([[DC Comics]]), ''[[The Other Side (comics)|The Other Side]]'' #4-5 ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Vertigo (DC Comics)|Vertigo]]) ''[[Stephen Colbert]]’s [[Tek Jansen]]'' #1 ([[Oni Press]])
* 2009 [[François Lapierre]] for ''“Gédéon et la bête du lac” [[Contes et légendes du Québec]]'' (Glénat Québec), ''[[Magasin général]] 4'' (Casterman){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Nathan Fairbairn]] for ''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]] #605, [[Dark Reign: The List]] – X-Men #1, [[Dark X-Men]]: The Confession #1 (Cover), [[Guardians of the Galaxy (2008 team)|Guardians of the Galaxy]] #16, 18-19, [[House of M: Masters of Evil]] #1, [[Marvel Mystery Comics]] 70th Anniversary Special #1, [[Nation X]] #1, [[Realm of Kings]]: Imperial Guard #1-2, [[Timestorm 2009–2099]]: [[Spider-Man]], [[War of Kings]]: Warriors #2, [[Wolverine (comic book)|Wolverine]] #72, [[Wolverine: Origins]] #32, [[Wolverine: Weapon X]] #6-8, [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #39-50, 200 (Variant) (Cover), [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #45, [[X-Men: Kingbreaker]] #2-4, [[Gambit (comics)|X-Men Origins: Gambit]] #1'' (Marvel Comics), ''[[Tek Jansen|Stephen Colbert’s Tek Jansen]] #4-5'' (Oni Press){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Julie Rocheleau (comics)|Julie Rocheleau]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Cover (2008-2010) / Cover Artist (2011-)===
* 2008 [[Steve Skroce]] for ''[[Doc Frankenstein]]'' #6 ([[Burlyman Entertainment|Burleyman]])
* 2009 [[Niko Henrichon]] for ''[[Hostile]] Tome 1: Impact'' (Dupuis){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Richard Stark's Parker: The Hunter]]'' (IDW){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Fiona Staples]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[François Lapierre]] for ''Chroniques Sauvages''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Mike Del Mundo]]

===Comics for Kids Award ===
* 2009 ''[[Jellaby]] Book 1'' by [[Kean Soo]] {{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 ''[[Nightschool]]: The Weirn Books Vols.1-2'' ([[Yen Press]]) by [[Svetlana Chmakova]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 ''[[Three Thieves Book One: Tower of Treasure]]'' ([[Kids Can Press]]) by [[Scott Chantler]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 ''[[Ariane et Nicolas]] Tome 6: Les Toiles Mysterieuses'' by [[Paul Roux ]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 ''[[Cat’s Cradle]] Volume 1: The Golden Twine'' by [[Joe Rioux]]

===Gene Day Award for Canadian Self-Publishing (New in 2009)===
* 2009 [[Jesse Jacobs]] for ''[[Blue Winter, Shapes in the Snow]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Ethan Rilly]] for ''[[Pope Hats]]'' No.1{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[John Martz]] for ''[[Heaven All Day]]''{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Dakota McFadzean]] for Ghost Rabbit{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Cory McCallum]] and [[Matthew Daley]] - ''[[The Pig Sleep]]: A Mr. Monitor Case''

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
* 2005 [[Now & Then Books]] ([[Kitchener, Ontario]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Strange Adventures (comics retailer)|Strange Adventures]] ([[Halifax Urban Area|Halifax, Nova Scotia]])
* 2007 [[Happy Harbor Comics|Happy Harbor]] ([[Edmonton, Alberta]])
* 2008 [[Big B Comics]] ([[Hamilton, Ontario]])
* 2009 [[Legends Comics and Books]] ([[Victoria, British Columbia]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[The Beguiling]] ([[Toronto, Ontario]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Planète BD]] ([[Montreal, Quebec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Silver Snail]] (Toronto, Ontario){{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Heroes Comics]] ([[London, Ontario]]){{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Hall of Fame Inductees===
* 2005 [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Leo Bachle]] (a.k.a. Les Barker) (1926–2003){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Adrian Dingle (cartoonist)|Adrian Dingle]] (1911–1974){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Hal Foster]] (1892–1982){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Ed Furness]] (1911–2005){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Rand Holmes]] (1942–2002){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Jon St. Ables]] (1912–1999)
* 2006 [[Owen McCarron]] (1929–2005)
* 2006 [[Win Mortimer]] (1919–1998)
* 2006 [[Dave Sim]] (1956-)
* 2007 [[Albert Chartier]] (1912–2004)
* 2007 [[Gerald Lazare]] (1927-)
* 2007 [[Jacques Hurtubise]] aka ZYX (1950-)
* 2007 [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982)
* 2008 [[Ted McCall]] (1901–1975)
* 2008 [[Pierre Fournier (comic books)|Pierre Fournier]] (1949-)
* 2008 [[Stanley Berneche]] (1947-)
* 2008 [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]] (1950-)
* 2009 [[George Menendez Rae]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1906–1992)
* 2009 [[Réal Godbout]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1951-)
* 2009 [[Ken Steacy]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2009 [[Diana Schutz]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2010 [[Dave Darrigo]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Serge Gaboury]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Deni Loubert]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-)
* 2010 [[Richard Comely]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1950-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[George Freeman (comics)|George Freeman]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[Claude St. Aubin]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2011 [[Chester Brown]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1960-)
* 2011 [[Todd McFarlane]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1961-)

===Voters Choice - Outstanding International Creator===
* 2006 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2007 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' and ''[[Doctor Strange: The Oath]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Pride of Baghdad]]'', ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2008 [[Ed Brubaker]] for ''[[Captain America]]'', ''[[Criminal (comics)|Criminal]]'', ''[[Immortal Iron Fist]]'' and ''[[Uncanny X-Men]]'' ([[Marvel Comics]])
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (English Language)===
* 2007 Dan Kim for ''April & May & June, ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''.
* 2008 [[Faith Erin Hicks]] for ''[[Zombies Calling]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (French Language)===
* 2007 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''[[Paul a la Pêche]]'', published by [[La Pastèque]].
* 2008 [[Philippe Girard]] for ''[[Danger Public]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

==See also==
{{Portal|Comics|Canada}}
*[[Doug Wright Award]]
*[[Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=20em}}

===Works cited===
{{Refbegin|indent=y|colwidth=40em}}

: {{cite book
|ref = harv
|authorlink = John Bell (historian)
|last = Bell
|first = John
|title = Invaders from the North: How Canada Conquered the Comic Book Universe
|location = Toronto
|publisher = [[Dundurn Press]]
|year = 2006
|isbn = 978-1-55002-659-7}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|MacDonald|2011}}
|url = http://www.comicsbeat.com/2011/06/20/2011-joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = 2011 Joe Shuster Award winners announced
|first = Heidi
|last = MacDonald
|author-link = Heidi MacDonald
|publisher = [http://www.comicsbeat.com The Beat]
|date = 2011-06-20
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Melrose|2009}}
|url = http://robot6.comicbookresources.com/2009/09/winners-of-the-2009-joe-shuster-awards/
|title = Winners of the 2009 Joe Shuster Awards
|first = Kevin
|last = Melrose
|publisher = [[Comic Book Resources]]
|date = 2009-09-27
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Spurgeon|2012}}
|title = Your 2012 Joe Shuster Awards Winners
|first = Tom
|last = Spurgeon
|author-link = Tom Spurgeon
|url = http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/your_2012_joe_shuster_awards_winners/
|publisher = ''The Comics Reporter''
|date = 2012-09-18
|accessdate = 2012-09-19}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Awards to be given for Canadian comic-book excellence
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 267
|page = 47
|month = April
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Sim, Cooke among Shuster Winners
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 269
|page = 48
|month = July
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Nominees Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 275
|page = 33
|month = April
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Winners Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 277
|page = 27–28
|month = July
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite news
|ref = {{SfnRef|Vu|2010}}
|url = http://arts.nationalpost.com/2010/06/07/joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = Joe Shuster Award-winners announced
|first = Liem
|last = Vu
|newspaper = [[The National Post]]
|date = 2010-06-07
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite book
|ref = {{SfnRef|Weiner, et al.|2010}}
|title = Graphic Novels and Comics in Libraries and Archives: Essays on Readers, Research, History and Cataloging
|year = 2010
|publisher = McFarland
|isbn = 078644302
|first = Robert G.
|last = Weiner
|coauthors = Randall William Scott, Elizabeth Figa, Amy Kiste Nyberg, William T. Fee, Francisca Goldsmith
|editor-first = Robert G.
|editor-last = Weiner}}

{{Refend}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://www.joeshusterawards.com}}
* [http://theexcerpt.com/2010/06/an-interview-with-kevin-boyd-of-the-joe-shuster-awards/ Interview with Kevin Boyd about the awards]
* Jamie Coville's audio recordings of the [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/JoeShusterAwards2006.mp3 2nd (2006)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2007JoeShusterAwards-Full.mp3 3rd (2007)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/08-06-14-JSAfull.MP3 4th (2008)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2009-09-26-JoeShusterAwards.mp3 5th (2009)] and [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/10-06-05-6thJoeShusterAwards.mp3 6th (2010)] Annual Awards
* Jamie Coville covers the [http://www.collectortimes.com/2005_06/cons2.html 1st (2005)], [http://www.collectortimes.com/2006_06/cons2.html 2nd (2006)] and [http://www.collectortimes.com/2007_07/cons1.html 3rd (2007)] Awards Ceremony for the Collector Times
* [http://thefablerblog.com/kevins-column/the-fabler-blog-looks-at-the-2010-joe-shuster-award-nominees The Fabler Blog looks at the 2010 Nominees]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=1709#respond Metro Columnist Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2008 Awards ceremony]
* [http://kev-the-mev.livejournal.com/101536.html?mode=reply 4th Annual JSA's Completed!]
* [http://www.bestofmostof.com/07jun/index070611.htm Blake Bell covers the 2007 Awards Ceremony]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=789 Metro columnist & CCBCAA member Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2007 Awards ceremony]
* [http://www.cbc.ca/arts/story/2005/05/02/comicawards050502.html Canadian comic-book awards: one down, one to go] CBC Arts report on the 1st year

{{Canadian comics}}

[[Category:Comics awards in Canada|Joe Shuster]]

Joe Shuster Award

2013-10-18T20:36:49Z

192.75.165.28: /* Outstanding Writer */

{{Infobox award
| name = Joe Shuster Award
| current_awards =
| image = JoeShusterAward2007Logo.jpg
| imagesize =
| alt = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| caption = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| description = Outstanding achievements in [[Canadian comics]]
| presenter = [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]]
| host =
| date = 
| location =
| country = [[Canada]]
| reward =
| year =
| year2 =
| holder =
| website = http://www.joeshusterawards.com
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The '''Joe Shuster Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards''' (or '''Joe Shuster Awards''') are given out annually for outstanding achievements in the creation of [[comic books]], [[graphic novels]], [[webcomics]], and comics retailers and publishers by [[Canadian comics|Canadians]]. The awards, first handed out in April 2005, are named in honour of [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), the Canadian-born co-creator of [[Superman]].

The [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]] is a not-for-profit organization formed in 2004 to administer the awards.

==Overview==
The Joe Shuster Awards are comic book industry oriented awards that recognize the achievements of [[Canadian]] citizens and permanent residents.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} Founded initially as an English language comics award the criteria has been changed and refined since 2006 to be inclusive of all works published in Canada (see Language Criteria). The majority of the awards were initially committee-nominated, public-vote awards{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}, with write-in nominations accepted for the International Creator award.{{sfn|Stump|2005a}} This was changed in 2008 to a committee-nominated, jury-selected model, with publishers nominating works within the relevant award category.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} The model established in 2008 was designed to eliminate voter bias and [[ballot stuffing]]. The jury deliberates until they agree on a winner, discussing the merits of each candidate.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}}

They are named after Canadian-born cartoonist [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), who co-created [[Superman]] in 1938.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}} The name is used with the approval of the Estate of Joe Shuster (Michael Catron, Estate Agent).{{cn|date=September 2012}} The award, which focuses mainly on mainstream comics, is complemented by the [[Doug Wright Award]]s, which focuses on alternative comics, cartooning, and comic strips.{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}}

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
The late Harry Kremer, owner of Now & Then Books in [[Regional Municipality of Waterloo|Kitchener-Waterloo]], [[Ontario]], was a true pioneer in the industry and a constant and tireless promoter and patron of the medium and owner one of the first comic book specialty stores in Canada. His memory is kept alive in the award that has been named after him – the Outstanding Canadian Comic Book Retailer Award.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} The Award was given to Kremer's store in 2005, with open voting from 2006 onwards.{{sfn|Stump|2006b}}

===Gene Day Self-Publisher Award===
Named after the late comics artist and self-publisher [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982), this award honours Canadian comic book creators or creative teams who self-published their work, but did not have the books distributed by a third party distributor. The award winner receives a bursary of $500. The award was introduced in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shuster Awards Announce Honor Named for Gene Day|url=http://www.comicbookbin.com/joeshusterawardsnews001.html|publisher=Comic Book Bin|accessdate=13 September 2012|date=May 3 2009}}</ref> Prior to this, Dave Sim had established a Gene Day award distributed annually at the [[Small Press and Alternative Comics Expo]] in [[Columbus, Ohio]] from 2002 to 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.backporchcomics.com/space.htm |title=SPACE |publisher=BackPorchComics.com |date= |accessdate=2011-07-18}}</ref>

===Comics For Kids Award===
This award, established in 2004,{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} Works considered for this award are comic books and graphic novels that are targeted at readers 14 and under. Nominees are selected by a team of educators led by Jennifer Haines, MA, B.Ed., who is also the proprietor of Guelph, Ontario’s The Dragon comic book shop.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

===Canadian Comic Book Creator Hall of Fame===
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
Includes dozens of creators such as [[Hal Foster]], [[Win Mortimer]], [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]], [[Dave Sim]] and more.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Language Criteria==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards honour original work published during the previous calendar year in any language. However, Canada has two official languages - French and English, so extra research and attention is given to works published in the two official languages. In order to ensure that bilingual works are included on the ballot, two nominating committees select the finalists in each official language and the finalists are merged for the announced ballot. The nominated books are then given to jury members who can read both official languages for equal consideration.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Nationality and residency==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards are open to all Canadian Citizens.

Canadian citizens who have chosen to reside outside of Canada are still eligible for consideration, unless they contact the Awards Organization and notify them that they have surrendered their Canadian citizenship and no longer wish to be considered for their recent work as a Canadian citizen.

Non-Canadians who have achieved Permanent Residency status in Canada are also eligible for consideration. In order to be considered for inclusion as a resident, the individual must have lived in Canada for three years. Permanent Residents who do not wish to be considered may opt out of the Awards program before the selection process begins by sending a statement in writing to the Awards Organization. If an approved Permanent Resident moves away from Canada, they are no longer considered eligible for the awards.

==Categories==

Categories and winners of Joe Shuster Awards are as follows:

===Outstanding Achievement===
*2005 [[Dave Sim]] and [[Gerhard (comics artist)|Gerhard]] for completing ''[[Cerebus]]'' in 2004. Begun in 1977, this 300-issue series is a milestone in comic book publishing and is the longest running creator-owned comic book series.{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006-2007 No winner
* 2008 David Watkins for using comic books as a teaching tool.
* 2009 Category suspended

===Outstanding Artist===
* 2005 [[Kaare Andrews]] for ''[[Spider-Man]]/[[Doctor Octopus]]: Year One'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Pia Guerra]] for ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]]) and a story in ''[[Spider-Man]] Unlimited'' #10 (published by [[Marvel Comics]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] and [[J. Bone]] for ''[[Batman/The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Dale Eaglesham]] for ''[[Justice Society of America]]'' #2-4, 6-7, 9-11 ([[DC Comics]])
* 2009 [[David Finch (comics)|David Finch]] for ''[[Ultimatum (Ultimate Marvel)|Ultimatum]]'' #1-2{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Stuart Immonen]] for ''[[Ultimate Spider-Man]] 130-133'', ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]] 55-60'', ''[[Fantastic Four]] 569'' (Marvel), ''The CBLDF Presents Liberty Comics 2 – "Trampoline Hall"'' (Image Comics){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Francis Manapul]] for [[Adventure Comics]]#6, [[The Flash]]#1-6, [[Superman/Batman]]#75 ([[DC Comics]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Stuart Immonen]] for [["Fear Itself (comics)|"Fear Itself]] #1-7; "Queen, King, Off-Suit"/''X-Men: To Serve and Protect'' #4; "Say You're Dead"/''Outlaw Territory'' Volume 2{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Isabelle Arsenault]] for [["Jane, le renard & moi"]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & I]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Cartoonist (Writer/Artist)===
* 2005 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[DC: The New Frontier]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Bryan Lee O'Malley]] for ''[[Scott Pilgrim]]'' Vol. 2 (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Spirit (comics)|The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Jeff Lemire]] for ''[[Essex County Trilogy|Essex County]] Vol. 1: Tales From The Farm'', ''Essex County Vol. 2: Ghost Stories'' ([[Top Shelf Productions|Top Shelf]])
* 2009 [[Dave Sim]] for ''[[Glamourpuss]] #1-4'' and ''Judenhass''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''Paul, tome 06: [[Paul à Québec]]'' (La Pastèque){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Tin Can Forest]] for [[Baba Yaga and the Wolf]] ([[Koyama Press]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Ramon K Pérez]] for ''[[Jim Henson's Tale of Sand]]''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Jeff Lemire]] for [[The Underwater Welder]] and [[Sweet Tooth]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Publisher===
* 2005 [[Arcana Studio]]{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2007 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2008 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2009 [[Les 400 coups]] / [[Mécanique Générale]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[La Pastèque]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Koyama Press]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Writer===
* 2005 (tie) [[Samm Barnes]] for ''[[Doctor Spectrum]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 (tie) [[Ty Templeton]] for ''The [[Batman Adventures]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[J. Torres]] for ''[[Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight]]'' and ''[[Teen Titans Go!]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]), and ''[[Love As A Foreign Language]]'' (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Superman Confidential]]'' #1-2 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Cecil Castellucci]] for ''[[The P.L.A.I.N. Janes]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]])
* 2009 [[Mariko Tamaki]] for ''[[Skim (graphic novel)|Skim]]'' ([[Groundwood Books]]) and ''[[Emiko Superstar]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Maryse Dubuc]] for ''[[The Bellybuttons|Les Nombrils 4: Duels de belles]]'' ([[Dupuis]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emilie Villeneuve]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Kurtis J. Wiebe]] for [[The Green Wake]] #1-8; [[The Intrepids]] #1-6; "Logan's Lost Lesson"/''Marvel Holiday Special 2011''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Fanny Britt]] for [[Jane, le renard & moi]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & Me]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding WebComic Creator/Creative Team===
* 2007 Dan Kim, for ''April & May & June'', ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''
* 2008 [[Ryan Sohmer]] & [[Lar deSouza]], for ''[[Looking for Group]]'' & ''[[Least I Could Do]]''
* 2009 [[Cameron Stewart]] for ''[[Sin Titulo]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Karl Kerschl]] for ''[[The Abominable Charles Christopher]]''{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emily Carroll]] for ''[[His Face All Red]]'' and more{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Emily Carroll]] for various comics, 2011{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Michael DeForge]] for ''[[Ant Comic]]''

===Outstanding Colourist===
* 2008 [[Dave McCaig]] for ''[[Nextwave]]'', Agents of H.A.T.E. #12, ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]]'' #27-35, ''[[Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America]]'' #1: ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'', ''[[Marvel Comics Presents]]'' #1-4, ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'' #50, ''[[Avengers (comics)|Avengers]] Classic'' #7 ([[Marvel Comics]]) DC Infinite Halloween Special #1 ([[DC Comics]]), ''[[The Other Side (comics)|The Other Side]]'' #4-5 ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Vertigo (DC Comics)|Vertigo]]) ''[[Stephen Colbert]]’s [[Tek Jansen]]'' #1 ([[Oni Press]])
* 2009 [[François Lapierre]] for ''“Gédéon et la bête du lac” [[Contes et légendes du Québec]]'' (Glénat Québec), ''[[Magasin général]] 4'' (Casterman){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Nathan Fairbairn]] for ''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]] #605, [[Dark Reign: The List]] – X-Men #1, [[Dark X-Men]]: The Confession #1 (Cover), [[Guardians of the Galaxy (2008 team)|Guardians of the Galaxy]] #16, 18-19, [[House of M: Masters of Evil]] #1, [[Marvel Mystery Comics]] 70th Anniversary Special #1, [[Nation X]] #1, [[Realm of Kings]]: Imperial Guard #1-2, [[Timestorm 2009–2099]]: [[Spider-Man]], [[War of Kings]]: Warriors #2, [[Wolverine (comic book)|Wolverine]] #72, [[Wolverine: Origins]] #32, [[Wolverine: Weapon X]] #6-8, [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #39-50, 200 (Variant) (Cover), [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #45, [[X-Men: Kingbreaker]] #2-4, [[Gambit (comics)|X-Men Origins: Gambit]] #1'' (Marvel Comics), ''[[Tek Jansen|Stephen Colbert’s Tek Jansen]] #4-5'' (Oni Press){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Julie Rocheleau (comics)|Julie Rocheleau]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Cover (2008-2010) / Cover Artist (2011-)===
* 2008 [[Steve Skroce]] for ''[[Doc Frankenstein]]'' #6 ([[Burlyman Entertainment|Burleyman]])
* 2009 [[Niko Henrichon]] for ''[[Hostile]] Tome 1: Impact'' (Dupuis){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Richard Stark's Parker: The Hunter]]'' (IDW){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Fiona Staples]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[François Lapierre]] for ''Chroniques Sauvages''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Mike Del Mundo]]

===Comics for Kids Award ===
* 2009 ''[[Jellaby]] Book 1'' by [[Kean Soo]] {{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 ''[[Nightschool]]: The Weirn Books Vols.1-2'' ([[Yen Press]]) by [[Svetlana Chmakova]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 ''[[Three Thieves Book One: Tower of Treasure]]'' ([[Kids Can Press]]) by [[Scott Chantler]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 ''[[Ariane et Nicolas]] Tome 6: Les Toiles Mysterieuses'' by [[Paul Roux ]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 ''[[Cat’s Cradle]] Volume 1: The Golden Twine'' by [[Joe Rioux]]

===Gene Day Award for Canadian Self-Publishing (New in 2009)===
* 2009 [[Jesse Jacobs]] for ''[[Blue Winter, Shapes in the Snow]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Ethan Rilly]] for ''[[Pope Hats]]'' No.1{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[John Martz]] for ''[[Heaven All Day]]''{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Dakota McFadzean]] for Ghost Rabbit{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Cory McCallum]] and [[Matthew Daley]] - ''[[The Pig Sleep]]: A Mr. Monitor Case''

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
* 2005 [[Now & Then Books]] ([[Kitchener, Ontario]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Strange Adventures (comics retailer)|Strange Adventures]] ([[Halifax Urban Area|Halifax, Nova Scotia]])
* 2007 [[Happy Harbor Comics|Happy Harbor]] ([[Edmonton, Alberta]])
* 2008 [[Big B Comics]] ([[Hamilton, Ontario]])
* 2009 [[Legends Comics and Books]] ([[Victoria, British Columbia]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[The Beguiling]] ([[Toronto, Ontario]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Planète BD]] ([[Montreal, Quebec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Silver Snail]] (Toronto, Ontario){{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Heroes Comics]] ([[London, Ontario]]){{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Hall of Fame Inductees===
* 2005 [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Leo Bachle]] (a.k.a. Les Barker) (1926–2003){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Adrian Dingle (cartoonist)|Adrian Dingle]] (1911–1974){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Hal Foster]] (1892–1982){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Ed Furness]] (1911–2005){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Rand Holmes]] (1942–2002){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Jon St. Ables]] (1912–1999)
* 2006 [[Owen McCarron]] (1929–2005)
* 2006 [[Win Mortimer]] (1919–1998)
* 2006 [[Dave Sim]] (1956-)
* 2007 [[Albert Chartier]] (1912–2004)
* 2007 [[Gerald Lazare]] (1927-)
* 2007 [[Jacques Hurtubise]] aka ZYX (1950-)
* 2007 [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982)
* 2008 [[Ted McCall]] (1901–1975)
* 2008 [[Pierre Fournier (comic books)|Pierre Fournier]] (1949-)
* 2008 [[Stanley Berneche]] (1947-)
* 2008 [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]] (1950-)
* 2009 [[George Menendez Rae]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1906–1992)
* 2009 [[Réal Godbout]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1951-)
* 2009 [[Ken Steacy]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2009 [[Diana Schutz]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2010 [[Dave Darrigo]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Serge Gaboury]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Deni Loubert]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-)
* 2010 [[Richard Comely]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1950-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[George Freeman (comics)|George Freeman]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[Claude St. Aubin]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2011 [[Chester Brown]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1960-)
* 2011 [[Todd McFarlane]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1961-)

===Voters Choice - Outstanding International Creator===
* 2006 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2007 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' and ''[[Doctor Strange: The Oath]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Pride of Baghdad]]'', ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2008 [[Ed Brubaker]] for ''[[Captain America]]'', ''[[Criminal (comics)|Criminal]]'', ''[[Immortal Iron Fist]]'' and ''[[Uncanny X-Men]]'' ([[Marvel Comics]])
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (English Language)===
* 2007 Dan Kim for ''April & May & June, ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''.
* 2008 [[Faith Erin Hicks]] for ''[[Zombies Calling]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (French Language)===
* 2007 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''[[Paul a la Pêche]]'', published by [[La Pastèque]].
* 2008 [[Philippe Girard]] for ''[[Danger Public]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

==See also==
{{Portal|Comics|Canada}}
*[[Doug Wright Award]]
*[[Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=20em}}

===Works cited===
{{Refbegin|indent=y|colwidth=40em}}

: {{cite book
|ref = harv
|authorlink = John Bell (historian)
|last = Bell
|first = John
|title = Invaders from the North: How Canada Conquered the Comic Book Universe
|location = Toronto
|publisher = [[Dundurn Press]]
|year = 2006
|isbn = 978-1-55002-659-7}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|MacDonald|2011}}
|url = http://www.comicsbeat.com/2011/06/20/2011-joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = 2011 Joe Shuster Award winners announced
|first = Heidi
|last = MacDonald
|author-link = Heidi MacDonald
|publisher = [http://www.comicsbeat.com The Beat]
|date = 2011-06-20
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Melrose|2009}}
|url = http://robot6.comicbookresources.com/2009/09/winners-of-the-2009-joe-shuster-awards/
|title = Winners of the 2009 Joe Shuster Awards
|first = Kevin
|last = Melrose
|publisher = [[Comic Book Resources]]
|date = 2009-09-27
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Spurgeon|2012}}
|title = Your 2012 Joe Shuster Awards Winners
|first = Tom
|last = Spurgeon
|author-link = Tom Spurgeon
|url = http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/your_2012_joe_shuster_awards_winners/
|publisher = ''The Comics Reporter''
|date = 2012-09-18
|accessdate = 2012-09-19}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Awards to be given for Canadian comic-book excellence
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 267
|page = 47
|month = April
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Sim, Cooke among Shuster Winners
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 269
|page = 48
|month = July
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Nominees Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 275
|page = 33
|month = April
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Winners Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 277
|page = 27–28
|month = July
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite news
|ref = {{SfnRef|Vu|2010}}
|url = http://arts.nationalpost.com/2010/06/07/joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = Joe Shuster Award-winners announced
|first = Liem
|last = Vu
|newspaper = [[The National Post]]
|date = 2010-06-07
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite book
|ref = {{SfnRef|Weiner, et al.|2010}}
|title = Graphic Novels and Comics in Libraries and Archives: Essays on Readers, Research, History and Cataloging
|year = 2010
|publisher = McFarland
|isbn = 078644302
|first = Robert G.
|last = Weiner
|coauthors = Randall William Scott, Elizabeth Figa, Amy Kiste Nyberg, William T. Fee, Francisca Goldsmith
|editor-first = Robert G.
|editor-last = Weiner}}

{{Refend}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://www.joeshusterawards.com}}
* [http://theexcerpt.com/2010/06/an-interview-with-kevin-boyd-of-the-joe-shuster-awards/ Interview with Kevin Boyd about the awards]
* Jamie Coville's audio recordings of the [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/JoeShusterAwards2006.mp3 2nd (2006)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2007JoeShusterAwards-Full.mp3 3rd (2007)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/08-06-14-JSAfull.MP3 4th (2008)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2009-09-26-JoeShusterAwards.mp3 5th (2009)] and [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/10-06-05-6thJoeShusterAwards.mp3 6th (2010)] Annual Awards
* Jamie Coville covers the [http://www.collectortimes.com/2005_06/cons2.html 1st (2005)], [http://www.collectortimes.com/2006_06/cons2.html 2nd (2006)] and [http://www.collectortimes.com/2007_07/cons1.html 3rd (2007)] Awards Ceremony for the Collector Times
* [http://thefablerblog.com/kevins-column/the-fabler-blog-looks-at-the-2010-joe-shuster-award-nominees The Fabler Blog looks at the 2010 Nominees]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=1709#respond Metro Columnist Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2008 Awards ceremony]
* [http://kev-the-mev.livejournal.com/101536.html?mode=reply 4th Annual JSA's Completed!]
* [http://www.bestofmostof.com/07jun/index070611.htm Blake Bell covers the 2007 Awards Ceremony]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=789 Metro columnist & CCBCAA member Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2007 Awards ceremony]
* [http://www.cbc.ca/arts/story/2005/05/02/comicawards050502.html Canadian comic-book awards: one down, one to go] CBC Arts report on the 1st year

{{Canadian comics}}

[[Category:Comics awards in Canada|Joe Shuster]]

Joe Shuster Award

2013-10-18T20:36:32Z

192.75.165.28: /* Outstanding Cartoonist (Writer/Artist) */

{{Infobox award
| name = Joe Shuster Award
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| imagesize =
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| caption = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| description = Outstanding achievements in [[Canadian comics]]
| presenter = [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]]
| host =
| date = 
| location =
| country = [[Canada]]
| reward =
| year =
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| holder =
| website = http://www.joeshusterawards.com
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The '''Joe Shuster Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards''' (or '''Joe Shuster Awards''') are given out annually for outstanding achievements in the creation of [[comic books]], [[graphic novels]], [[webcomics]], and comics retailers and publishers by [[Canadian comics|Canadians]]. The awards, first handed out in April 2005, are named in honour of [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), the Canadian-born co-creator of [[Superman]].

The [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]] is a not-for-profit organization formed in 2004 to administer the awards.

==Overview==
The Joe Shuster Awards are comic book industry oriented awards that recognize the achievements of [[Canadian]] citizens and permanent residents.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} Founded initially as an English language comics award the criteria has been changed and refined since 2006 to be inclusive of all works published in Canada (see Language Criteria). The majority of the awards were initially committee-nominated, public-vote awards{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}, with write-in nominations accepted for the International Creator award.{{sfn|Stump|2005a}} This was changed in 2008 to a committee-nominated, jury-selected model, with publishers nominating works within the relevant award category.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} The model established in 2008 was designed to eliminate voter bias and [[ballot stuffing]]. The jury deliberates until they agree on a winner, discussing the merits of each candidate.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}}

They are named after Canadian-born cartoonist [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), who co-created [[Superman]] in 1938.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}} The name is used with the approval of the Estate of Joe Shuster (Michael Catron, Estate Agent).{{cn|date=September 2012}} The award, which focuses mainly on mainstream comics, is complemented by the [[Doug Wright Award]]s, which focuses on alternative comics, cartooning, and comic strips.{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}}

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
The late Harry Kremer, owner of Now & Then Books in [[Regional Municipality of Waterloo|Kitchener-Waterloo]], [[Ontario]], was a true pioneer in the industry and a constant and tireless promoter and patron of the medium and owner one of the first comic book specialty stores in Canada. His memory is kept alive in the award that has been named after him – the Outstanding Canadian Comic Book Retailer Award.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} The Award was given to Kremer's store in 2005, with open voting from 2006 onwards.{{sfn|Stump|2006b}}

===Gene Day Self-Publisher Award===
Named after the late comics artist and self-publisher [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982), this award honours Canadian comic book creators or creative teams who self-published their work, but did not have the books distributed by a third party distributor. The award winner receives a bursary of $500. The award was introduced in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shuster Awards Announce Honor Named for Gene Day|url=http://www.comicbookbin.com/joeshusterawardsnews001.html|publisher=Comic Book Bin|accessdate=13 September 2012|date=May 3 2009}}</ref> Prior to this, Dave Sim had established a Gene Day award distributed annually at the [[Small Press and Alternative Comics Expo]] in [[Columbus, Ohio]] from 2002 to 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.backporchcomics.com/space.htm |title=SPACE |publisher=BackPorchComics.com |date= |accessdate=2011-07-18}}</ref>

===Comics For Kids Award===
This award, established in 2004,{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} Works considered for this award are comic books and graphic novels that are targeted at readers 14 and under. Nominees are selected by a team of educators led by Jennifer Haines, MA, B.Ed., who is also the proprietor of Guelph, Ontario’s The Dragon comic book shop.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

===Canadian Comic Book Creator Hall of Fame===
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
Includes dozens of creators such as [[Hal Foster]], [[Win Mortimer]], [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]], [[Dave Sim]] and more.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Language Criteria==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards honour original work published during the previous calendar year in any language. However, Canada has two official languages - French and English, so extra research and attention is given to works published in the two official languages. In order to ensure that bilingual works are included on the ballot, two nominating committees select the finalists in each official language and the finalists are merged for the announced ballot. The nominated books are then given to jury members who can read both official languages for equal consideration.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Nationality and residency==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards are open to all Canadian Citizens.

Canadian citizens who have chosen to reside outside of Canada are still eligible for consideration, unless they contact the Awards Organization and notify them that they have surrendered their Canadian citizenship and no longer wish to be considered for their recent work as a Canadian citizen.

Non-Canadians who have achieved Permanent Residency status in Canada are also eligible for consideration. In order to be considered for inclusion as a resident, the individual must have lived in Canada for three years. Permanent Residents who do not wish to be considered may opt out of the Awards program before the selection process begins by sending a statement in writing to the Awards Organization. If an approved Permanent Resident moves away from Canada, they are no longer considered eligible for the awards.

==Categories==

Categories and winners of Joe Shuster Awards are as follows:

===Outstanding Achievement===
*2005 [[Dave Sim]] and [[Gerhard (comics artist)|Gerhard]] for completing ''[[Cerebus]]'' in 2004. Begun in 1977, this 300-issue series is a milestone in comic book publishing and is the longest running creator-owned comic book series.{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006-2007 No winner
* 2008 David Watkins for using comic books as a teaching tool.
* 2009 Category suspended

===Outstanding Artist===
* 2005 [[Kaare Andrews]] for ''[[Spider-Man]]/[[Doctor Octopus]]: Year One'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Pia Guerra]] for ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]]) and a story in ''[[Spider-Man]] Unlimited'' #10 (published by [[Marvel Comics]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] and [[J. Bone]] for ''[[Batman/The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Dale Eaglesham]] for ''[[Justice Society of America]]'' #2-4, 6-7, 9-11 ([[DC Comics]])
* 2009 [[David Finch (comics)|David Finch]] for ''[[Ultimatum (Ultimate Marvel)|Ultimatum]]'' #1-2{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Stuart Immonen]] for ''[[Ultimate Spider-Man]] 130-133'', ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]] 55-60'', ''[[Fantastic Four]] 569'' (Marvel), ''The CBLDF Presents Liberty Comics 2 – "Trampoline Hall"'' (Image Comics){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Francis Manapul]] for [[Adventure Comics]]#6, [[The Flash]]#1-6, [[Superman/Batman]]#75 ([[DC Comics]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Stuart Immonen]] for [["Fear Itself (comics)|"Fear Itself]] #1-7; "Queen, King, Off-Suit"/''X-Men: To Serve and Protect'' #4; "Say You're Dead"/''Outlaw Territory'' Volume 2{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Isabelle Arsenault]] for [["Jane, le renard & moi"]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & I]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Cartoonist (Writer/Artist)===
* 2005 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[DC: The New Frontier]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Bryan Lee O'Malley]] for ''[[Scott Pilgrim]]'' Vol. 2 (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Spirit (comics)|The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Jeff Lemire]] for ''[[Essex County Trilogy|Essex County]] Vol. 1: Tales From The Farm'', ''Essex County Vol. 2: Ghost Stories'' ([[Top Shelf Productions|Top Shelf]])
* 2009 [[Dave Sim]] for ''[[Glamourpuss]] #1-4'' and ''Judenhass''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''Paul, tome 06: [[Paul à Québec]]'' (La Pastèque){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Tin Can Forest]] for [[Baba Yaga and the Wolf]] ([[Koyama Press]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Ramon K Pérez]] for ''[[Jim Henson's Tale of Sand]]''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Jeff Lemire]] for [[The Underwater Welder]] and [[Sweet Tooth]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Publisher===
* 2005 [[Arcana Studio]]{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2007 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2008 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2009 [[Les 400 coups]] / [[Mécanique Générale]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[La Pastèque]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Koyama Press]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Writer===
* 2005 (tie) [[Samm Barnes]] for ''[[Doctor Spectrum]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 (tie) [[Ty Templeton]] for ''The [[Batman Adventures]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[J. Torres]] for ''[[Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight]]'' and ''[[Teen Titans Go!]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]), and ''[[Love As A Foreign Language]]'' (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Superman Confidential]]'' #1-2 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Cecil Castellucci]] for ''[[The P.L.A.I.N. Janes]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]])
* 2009 [[Mariko Tamaki]] for ''[[Skim (graphic novel)|Skim]]'' ([[Groundwood Books]]) and ''[[Emiko Superstar]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Maryse Dubuc]] for ''[[The Bellybuttons|Les Nombrils 4: Duels de belles]]'' ([[Dupuis]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emilie Villeneuve]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Kurtis J. Wiebe]] for [[The Green Wake]] #1-8; [[The Intrepids]] #1-6; "Logan's Lost Lesson"/''Marvel Holiday Special 2011''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Fanny Britt]] for [[Jane, le renard & moi]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & Me]]

===Outstanding WebComic Creator/Creative Team===
* 2007 Dan Kim, for ''April & May & June'', ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''
* 2008 [[Ryan Sohmer]] & [[Lar deSouza]], for ''[[Looking for Group]]'' & ''[[Least I Could Do]]''
* 2009 [[Cameron Stewart]] for ''[[Sin Titulo]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Karl Kerschl]] for ''[[The Abominable Charles Christopher]]''{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emily Carroll]] for ''[[His Face All Red]]'' and more{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Emily Carroll]] for various comics, 2011{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Michael DeForge]] for ''[[Ant Comic]]''

===Outstanding Colourist===
* 2008 [[Dave McCaig]] for ''[[Nextwave]]'', Agents of H.A.T.E. #12, ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]]'' #27-35, ''[[Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America]]'' #1: ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'', ''[[Marvel Comics Presents]]'' #1-4, ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'' #50, ''[[Avengers (comics)|Avengers]] Classic'' #7 ([[Marvel Comics]]) DC Infinite Halloween Special #1 ([[DC Comics]]), ''[[The Other Side (comics)|The Other Side]]'' #4-5 ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Vertigo (DC Comics)|Vertigo]]) ''[[Stephen Colbert]]’s [[Tek Jansen]]'' #1 ([[Oni Press]])
* 2009 [[François Lapierre]] for ''“Gédéon et la bête du lac” [[Contes et légendes du Québec]]'' (Glénat Québec), ''[[Magasin général]] 4'' (Casterman){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Nathan Fairbairn]] for ''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]] #605, [[Dark Reign: The List]] – X-Men #1, [[Dark X-Men]]: The Confession #1 (Cover), [[Guardians of the Galaxy (2008 team)|Guardians of the Galaxy]] #16, 18-19, [[House of M: Masters of Evil]] #1, [[Marvel Mystery Comics]] 70th Anniversary Special #1, [[Nation X]] #1, [[Realm of Kings]]: Imperial Guard #1-2, [[Timestorm 2009–2099]]: [[Spider-Man]], [[War of Kings]]: Warriors #2, [[Wolverine (comic book)|Wolverine]] #72, [[Wolverine: Origins]] #32, [[Wolverine: Weapon X]] #6-8, [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #39-50, 200 (Variant) (Cover), [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #45, [[X-Men: Kingbreaker]] #2-4, [[Gambit (comics)|X-Men Origins: Gambit]] #1'' (Marvel Comics), ''[[Tek Jansen|Stephen Colbert’s Tek Jansen]] #4-5'' (Oni Press){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Julie Rocheleau (comics)|Julie Rocheleau]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Cover (2008-2010) / Cover Artist (2011-)===
* 2008 [[Steve Skroce]] for ''[[Doc Frankenstein]]'' #6 ([[Burlyman Entertainment|Burleyman]])
* 2009 [[Niko Henrichon]] for ''[[Hostile]] Tome 1: Impact'' (Dupuis){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Richard Stark's Parker: The Hunter]]'' (IDW){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Fiona Staples]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[François Lapierre]] for ''Chroniques Sauvages''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Mike Del Mundo]]

===Comics for Kids Award ===
* 2009 ''[[Jellaby]] Book 1'' by [[Kean Soo]] {{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 ''[[Nightschool]]: The Weirn Books Vols.1-2'' ([[Yen Press]]) by [[Svetlana Chmakova]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 ''[[Three Thieves Book One: Tower of Treasure]]'' ([[Kids Can Press]]) by [[Scott Chantler]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 ''[[Ariane et Nicolas]] Tome 6: Les Toiles Mysterieuses'' by [[Paul Roux ]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 ''[[Cat’s Cradle]] Volume 1: The Golden Twine'' by [[Joe Rioux]]

===Gene Day Award for Canadian Self-Publishing (New in 2009)===
* 2009 [[Jesse Jacobs]] for ''[[Blue Winter, Shapes in the Snow]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Ethan Rilly]] for ''[[Pope Hats]]'' No.1{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[John Martz]] for ''[[Heaven All Day]]''{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Dakota McFadzean]] for Ghost Rabbit{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Cory McCallum]] and [[Matthew Daley]] - ''[[The Pig Sleep]]: A Mr. Monitor Case''

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
* 2005 [[Now & Then Books]] ([[Kitchener, Ontario]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Strange Adventures (comics retailer)|Strange Adventures]] ([[Halifax Urban Area|Halifax, Nova Scotia]])
* 2007 [[Happy Harbor Comics|Happy Harbor]] ([[Edmonton, Alberta]])
* 2008 [[Big B Comics]] ([[Hamilton, Ontario]])
* 2009 [[Legends Comics and Books]] ([[Victoria, British Columbia]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[The Beguiling]] ([[Toronto, Ontario]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Planète BD]] ([[Montreal, Quebec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Silver Snail]] (Toronto, Ontario){{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Heroes Comics]] ([[London, Ontario]]){{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Hall of Fame Inductees===
* 2005 [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Leo Bachle]] (a.k.a. Les Barker) (1926–2003){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Adrian Dingle (cartoonist)|Adrian Dingle]] (1911–1974){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Hal Foster]] (1892–1982){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Ed Furness]] (1911–2005){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Rand Holmes]] (1942–2002){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Jon St. Ables]] (1912–1999)
* 2006 [[Owen McCarron]] (1929–2005)
* 2006 [[Win Mortimer]] (1919–1998)
* 2006 [[Dave Sim]] (1956-)
* 2007 [[Albert Chartier]] (1912–2004)
* 2007 [[Gerald Lazare]] (1927-)
* 2007 [[Jacques Hurtubise]] aka ZYX (1950-)
* 2007 [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982)
* 2008 [[Ted McCall]] (1901–1975)
* 2008 [[Pierre Fournier (comic books)|Pierre Fournier]] (1949-)
* 2008 [[Stanley Berneche]] (1947-)
* 2008 [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]] (1950-)
* 2009 [[George Menendez Rae]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1906–1992)
* 2009 [[Réal Godbout]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1951-)
* 2009 [[Ken Steacy]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2009 [[Diana Schutz]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2010 [[Dave Darrigo]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Serge Gaboury]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Deni Loubert]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-)
* 2010 [[Richard Comely]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1950-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[George Freeman (comics)|George Freeman]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[Claude St. Aubin]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2011 [[Chester Brown]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1960-)
* 2011 [[Todd McFarlane]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1961-)

===Voters Choice - Outstanding International Creator===
* 2006 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2007 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' and ''[[Doctor Strange: The Oath]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Pride of Baghdad]]'', ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2008 [[Ed Brubaker]] for ''[[Captain America]]'', ''[[Criminal (comics)|Criminal]]'', ''[[Immortal Iron Fist]]'' and ''[[Uncanny X-Men]]'' ([[Marvel Comics]])
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (English Language)===
* 2007 Dan Kim for ''April & May & June, ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''.
* 2008 [[Faith Erin Hicks]] for ''[[Zombies Calling]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (French Language)===
* 2007 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''[[Paul a la Pêche]]'', published by [[La Pastèque]].
* 2008 [[Philippe Girard]] for ''[[Danger Public]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

==See also==
{{Portal|Comics|Canada}}
*[[Doug Wright Award]]
*[[Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=20em}}

===Works cited===
{{Refbegin|indent=y|colwidth=40em}}

: {{cite book
|ref = harv
|authorlink = John Bell (historian)
|last = Bell
|first = John
|title = Invaders from the North: How Canada Conquered the Comic Book Universe
|location = Toronto
|publisher = [[Dundurn Press]]
|year = 2006
|isbn = 978-1-55002-659-7}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|MacDonald|2011}}
|url = http://www.comicsbeat.com/2011/06/20/2011-joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = 2011 Joe Shuster Award winners announced
|first = Heidi
|last = MacDonald
|author-link = Heidi MacDonald
|publisher = [http://www.comicsbeat.com The Beat]
|date = 2011-06-20
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Melrose|2009}}
|url = http://robot6.comicbookresources.com/2009/09/winners-of-the-2009-joe-shuster-awards/
|title = Winners of the 2009 Joe Shuster Awards
|first = Kevin
|last = Melrose
|publisher = [[Comic Book Resources]]
|date = 2009-09-27
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Spurgeon|2012}}
|title = Your 2012 Joe Shuster Awards Winners
|first = Tom
|last = Spurgeon
|author-link = Tom Spurgeon
|url = http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/your_2012_joe_shuster_awards_winners/
|publisher = ''The Comics Reporter''
|date = 2012-09-18
|accessdate = 2012-09-19}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Awards to be given for Canadian comic-book excellence
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 267
|page = 47
|month = April
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Sim, Cooke among Shuster Winners
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 269
|page = 48
|month = July
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Nominees Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 275
|page = 33
|month = April
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Winners Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 277
|page = 27–28
|month = July
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite news
|ref = {{SfnRef|Vu|2010}}
|url = http://arts.nationalpost.com/2010/06/07/joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = Joe Shuster Award-winners announced
|first = Liem
|last = Vu
|newspaper = [[The National Post]]
|date = 2010-06-07
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite book
|ref = {{SfnRef|Weiner, et al.|2010}}
|title = Graphic Novels and Comics in Libraries and Archives: Essays on Readers, Research, History and Cataloging
|year = 2010
|publisher = McFarland
|isbn = 078644302
|first = Robert G.
|last = Weiner
|coauthors = Randall William Scott, Elizabeth Figa, Amy Kiste Nyberg, William T. Fee, Francisca Goldsmith
|editor-first = Robert G.
|editor-last = Weiner}}

{{Refend}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://www.joeshusterawards.com}}
* [http://theexcerpt.com/2010/06/an-interview-with-kevin-boyd-of-the-joe-shuster-awards/ Interview with Kevin Boyd about the awards]
* Jamie Coville's audio recordings of the [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/JoeShusterAwards2006.mp3 2nd (2006)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2007JoeShusterAwards-Full.mp3 3rd (2007)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/08-06-14-JSAfull.MP3 4th (2008)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2009-09-26-JoeShusterAwards.mp3 5th (2009)] and [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/10-06-05-6thJoeShusterAwards.mp3 6th (2010)] Annual Awards
* Jamie Coville covers the [http://www.collectortimes.com/2005_06/cons2.html 1st (2005)], [http://www.collectortimes.com/2006_06/cons2.html 2nd (2006)] and [http://www.collectortimes.com/2007_07/cons1.html 3rd (2007)] Awards Ceremony for the Collector Times
* [http://thefablerblog.com/kevins-column/the-fabler-blog-looks-at-the-2010-joe-shuster-award-nominees The Fabler Blog looks at the 2010 Nominees]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=1709#respond Metro Columnist Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2008 Awards ceremony]
* [http://kev-the-mev.livejournal.com/101536.html?mode=reply 4th Annual JSA's Completed!]
* [http://www.bestofmostof.com/07jun/index070611.htm Blake Bell covers the 2007 Awards Ceremony]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=789 Metro columnist & CCBCAA member Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2007 Awards ceremony]
* [http://www.cbc.ca/arts/story/2005/05/02/comicawards050502.html Canadian comic-book awards: one down, one to go] CBC Arts report on the 1st year

{{Canadian comics}}

[[Category:Comics awards in Canada|Joe Shuster]]

Joe Shuster Award

2013-10-18T20:36:03Z

192.75.165.28: /* Outstanding Cartoonist (Writer/Artist) */

{{Infobox award
| name = Joe Shuster Award
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| imagesize =
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| caption = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| description = Outstanding achievements in [[Canadian comics]]
| presenter = [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]]
| host =
| date = 
| location =
| country = [[Canada]]
| reward =
| year =
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| holder =
| website = http://www.joeshusterawards.com
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The '''Joe Shuster Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards''' (or '''Joe Shuster Awards''') are given out annually for outstanding achievements in the creation of [[comic books]], [[graphic novels]], [[webcomics]], and comics retailers and publishers by [[Canadian comics|Canadians]]. The awards, first handed out in April 2005, are named in honour of [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), the Canadian-born co-creator of [[Superman]].

The [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]] is a not-for-profit organization formed in 2004 to administer the awards.

==Overview==
The Joe Shuster Awards are comic book industry oriented awards that recognize the achievements of [[Canadian]] citizens and permanent residents.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} Founded initially as an English language comics award the criteria has been changed and refined since 2006 to be inclusive of all works published in Canada (see Language Criteria). The majority of the awards were initially committee-nominated, public-vote awards{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}, with write-in nominations accepted for the International Creator award.{{sfn|Stump|2005a}} This was changed in 2008 to a committee-nominated, jury-selected model, with publishers nominating works within the relevant award category.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} The model established in 2008 was designed to eliminate voter bias and [[ballot stuffing]]. The jury deliberates until they agree on a winner, discussing the merits of each candidate.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}}

They are named after Canadian-born cartoonist [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), who co-created [[Superman]] in 1938.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}} The name is used with the approval of the Estate of Joe Shuster (Michael Catron, Estate Agent).{{cn|date=September 2012}} The award, which focuses mainly on mainstream comics, is complemented by the [[Doug Wright Award]]s, which focuses on alternative comics, cartooning, and comic strips.{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}}

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
The late Harry Kremer, owner of Now & Then Books in [[Regional Municipality of Waterloo|Kitchener-Waterloo]], [[Ontario]], was a true pioneer in the industry and a constant and tireless promoter and patron of the medium and owner one of the first comic book specialty stores in Canada. His memory is kept alive in the award that has been named after him – the Outstanding Canadian Comic Book Retailer Award.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} The Award was given to Kremer's store in 2005, with open voting from 2006 onwards.{{sfn|Stump|2006b}}

===Gene Day Self-Publisher Award===
Named after the late comics artist and self-publisher [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982), this award honours Canadian comic book creators or creative teams who self-published their work, but did not have the books distributed by a third party distributor. The award winner receives a bursary of $500. The award was introduced in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shuster Awards Announce Honor Named for Gene Day|url=http://www.comicbookbin.com/joeshusterawardsnews001.html|publisher=Comic Book Bin|accessdate=13 September 2012|date=May 3 2009}}</ref> Prior to this, Dave Sim had established a Gene Day award distributed annually at the [[Small Press and Alternative Comics Expo]] in [[Columbus, Ohio]] from 2002 to 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.backporchcomics.com/space.htm |title=SPACE |publisher=BackPorchComics.com |date= |accessdate=2011-07-18}}</ref>

===Comics For Kids Award===
This award, established in 2004,{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} Works considered for this award are comic books and graphic novels that are targeted at readers 14 and under. Nominees are selected by a team of educators led by Jennifer Haines, MA, B.Ed., who is also the proprietor of Guelph, Ontario’s The Dragon comic book shop.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

===Canadian Comic Book Creator Hall of Fame===
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
Includes dozens of creators such as [[Hal Foster]], [[Win Mortimer]], [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]], [[Dave Sim]] and more.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Language Criteria==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards honour original work published during the previous calendar year in any language. However, Canada has two official languages - French and English, so extra research and attention is given to works published in the two official languages. In order to ensure that bilingual works are included on the ballot, two nominating committees select the finalists in each official language and the finalists are merged for the announced ballot. The nominated books are then given to jury members who can read both official languages for equal consideration.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Nationality and residency==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards are open to all Canadian Citizens.

Canadian citizens who have chosen to reside outside of Canada are still eligible for consideration, unless they contact the Awards Organization and notify them that they have surrendered their Canadian citizenship and no longer wish to be considered for their recent work as a Canadian citizen.

Non-Canadians who have achieved Permanent Residency status in Canada are also eligible for consideration. In order to be considered for inclusion as a resident, the individual must have lived in Canada for three years. Permanent Residents who do not wish to be considered may opt out of the Awards program before the selection process begins by sending a statement in writing to the Awards Organization. If an approved Permanent Resident moves away from Canada, they are no longer considered eligible for the awards.

==Categories==

Categories and winners of Joe Shuster Awards are as follows:

===Outstanding Achievement===
*2005 [[Dave Sim]] and [[Gerhard (comics artist)|Gerhard]] for completing ''[[Cerebus]]'' in 2004. Begun in 1977, this 300-issue series is a milestone in comic book publishing and is the longest running creator-owned comic book series.{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006-2007 No winner
* 2008 David Watkins for using comic books as a teaching tool.
* 2009 Category suspended

===Outstanding Artist===
* 2005 [[Kaare Andrews]] for ''[[Spider-Man]]/[[Doctor Octopus]]: Year One'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Pia Guerra]] for ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]]) and a story in ''[[Spider-Man]] Unlimited'' #10 (published by [[Marvel Comics]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] and [[J. Bone]] for ''[[Batman/The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Dale Eaglesham]] for ''[[Justice Society of America]]'' #2-4, 6-7, 9-11 ([[DC Comics]])
* 2009 [[David Finch (comics)|David Finch]] for ''[[Ultimatum (Ultimate Marvel)|Ultimatum]]'' #1-2{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Stuart Immonen]] for ''[[Ultimate Spider-Man]] 130-133'', ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]] 55-60'', ''[[Fantastic Four]] 569'' (Marvel), ''The CBLDF Presents Liberty Comics 2 – "Trampoline Hall"'' (Image Comics){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Francis Manapul]] for [[Adventure Comics]]#6, [[The Flash]]#1-6, [[Superman/Batman]]#75 ([[DC Comics]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Stuart Immonen]] for [["Fear Itself (comics)|"Fear Itself]] #1-7; "Queen, King, Off-Suit"/''X-Men: To Serve and Protect'' #4; "Say You're Dead"/''Outlaw Territory'' Volume 2{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Isabelle Arsenault]] for [["Jane, le renard & moi"]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & I]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Cartoonist (Writer/Artist)===
* 2005 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[DC: The New Frontier]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Bryan Lee O'Malley]] for ''[[Scott Pilgrim]]'' Vol. 2 (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Spirit (comics)|The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Jeff Lemire]] for ''[[Essex County Trilogy|Essex County]] Vol. 1: Tales From The Farm'', ''Essex County Vol. 2: Ghost Stories'' ([[Top Shelf Productions|Top Shelf]])
* 2009 [[Dave Sim]] for ''[[Glamourpuss]] #1-4'' and ''Judenhass''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''Paul, tome 06: [[Paul à Québec]]'' (La Pastèque){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Tin Can Forest]] for [[Baba Yaga and the Wolf]] ([[Koyama Press]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Ramon K Pérez]] for ''Jim Henson's Tale of Sand''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Jeff Lemire]] for [[The Underwater Welder]] and [[Sweet Tooth]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Publisher===
* 2005 [[Arcana Studio]]{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2007 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2008 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2009 [[Les 400 coups]] / [[Mécanique Générale]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[La Pastèque]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Koyama Press]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Writer===
* 2005 (tie) [[Samm Barnes]] for ''[[Doctor Spectrum]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 (tie) [[Ty Templeton]] for ''The [[Batman Adventures]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[J. Torres]] for ''[[Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight]]'' and ''[[Teen Titans Go!]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]), and ''[[Love As A Foreign Language]]'' (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Superman Confidential]]'' #1-2 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Cecil Castellucci]] for ''[[The P.L.A.I.N. Janes]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]])
* 2009 [[Mariko Tamaki]] for ''[[Skim (graphic novel)|Skim]]'' ([[Groundwood Books]]) and ''[[Emiko Superstar]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Maryse Dubuc]] for ''[[The Bellybuttons|Les Nombrils 4: Duels de belles]]'' ([[Dupuis]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emilie Villeneuve]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Kurtis J. Wiebe]] for [[The Green Wake]] #1-8; [[The Intrepids]] #1-6; "Logan's Lost Lesson"/''Marvel Holiday Special 2011''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Fanny Britt]] for [[Jane, le renard & moi]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & Me]]

===Outstanding WebComic Creator/Creative Team===
* 2007 Dan Kim, for ''April & May & June'', ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''
* 2008 [[Ryan Sohmer]] & [[Lar deSouza]], for ''[[Looking for Group]]'' & ''[[Least I Could Do]]''
* 2009 [[Cameron Stewart]] for ''[[Sin Titulo]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Karl Kerschl]] for ''[[The Abominable Charles Christopher]]''{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emily Carroll]] for ''[[His Face All Red]]'' and more{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Emily Carroll]] for various comics, 2011{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Michael DeForge]] for ''[[Ant Comic]]''

===Outstanding Colourist===
* 2008 [[Dave McCaig]] for ''[[Nextwave]]'', Agents of H.A.T.E. #12, ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]]'' #27-35, ''[[Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America]]'' #1: ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'', ''[[Marvel Comics Presents]]'' #1-4, ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'' #50, ''[[Avengers (comics)|Avengers]] Classic'' #7 ([[Marvel Comics]]) DC Infinite Halloween Special #1 ([[DC Comics]]), ''[[The Other Side (comics)|The Other Side]]'' #4-5 ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Vertigo (DC Comics)|Vertigo]]) ''[[Stephen Colbert]]’s [[Tek Jansen]]'' #1 ([[Oni Press]])
* 2009 [[François Lapierre]] for ''“Gédéon et la bête du lac” [[Contes et légendes du Québec]]'' (Glénat Québec), ''[[Magasin général]] 4'' (Casterman){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Nathan Fairbairn]] for ''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]] #605, [[Dark Reign: The List]] – X-Men #1, [[Dark X-Men]]: The Confession #1 (Cover), [[Guardians of the Galaxy (2008 team)|Guardians of the Galaxy]] #16, 18-19, [[House of M: Masters of Evil]] #1, [[Marvel Mystery Comics]] 70th Anniversary Special #1, [[Nation X]] #1, [[Realm of Kings]]: Imperial Guard #1-2, [[Timestorm 2009–2099]]: [[Spider-Man]], [[War of Kings]]: Warriors #2, [[Wolverine (comic book)|Wolverine]] #72, [[Wolverine: Origins]] #32, [[Wolverine: Weapon X]] #6-8, [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #39-50, 200 (Variant) (Cover), [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #45, [[X-Men: Kingbreaker]] #2-4, [[Gambit (comics)|X-Men Origins: Gambit]] #1'' (Marvel Comics), ''[[Tek Jansen|Stephen Colbert’s Tek Jansen]] #4-5'' (Oni Press){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Julie Rocheleau (comics)|Julie Rocheleau]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Cover (2008-2010) / Cover Artist (2011-)===
* 2008 [[Steve Skroce]] for ''[[Doc Frankenstein]]'' #6 ([[Burlyman Entertainment|Burleyman]])
* 2009 [[Niko Henrichon]] for ''[[Hostile]] Tome 1: Impact'' (Dupuis){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Richard Stark's Parker: The Hunter]]'' (IDW){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Fiona Staples]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[François Lapierre]] for ''Chroniques Sauvages''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Mike Del Mundo]]

===Comics for Kids Award ===
* 2009 ''[[Jellaby]] Book 1'' by [[Kean Soo]] {{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 ''[[Nightschool]]: The Weirn Books Vols.1-2'' ([[Yen Press]]) by [[Svetlana Chmakova]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 ''[[Three Thieves Book One: Tower of Treasure]]'' ([[Kids Can Press]]) by [[Scott Chantler]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 ''[[Ariane et Nicolas]] Tome 6: Les Toiles Mysterieuses'' by [[Paul Roux ]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 ''[[Cat’s Cradle]] Volume 1: The Golden Twine'' by [[Joe Rioux]]

===Gene Day Award for Canadian Self-Publishing (New in 2009)===
* 2009 [[Jesse Jacobs]] for ''[[Blue Winter, Shapes in the Snow]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Ethan Rilly]] for ''[[Pope Hats]]'' No.1{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[John Martz]] for ''[[Heaven All Day]]''{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Dakota McFadzean]] for Ghost Rabbit{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Cory McCallum]] and [[Matthew Daley]] - ''[[The Pig Sleep]]: A Mr. Monitor Case''

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
* 2005 [[Now & Then Books]] ([[Kitchener, Ontario]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Strange Adventures (comics retailer)|Strange Adventures]] ([[Halifax Urban Area|Halifax, Nova Scotia]])
* 2007 [[Happy Harbor Comics|Happy Harbor]] ([[Edmonton, Alberta]])
* 2008 [[Big B Comics]] ([[Hamilton, Ontario]])
* 2009 [[Legends Comics and Books]] ([[Victoria, British Columbia]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[The Beguiling]] ([[Toronto, Ontario]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Planète BD]] ([[Montreal, Quebec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Silver Snail]] (Toronto, Ontario){{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Heroes Comics]] ([[London, Ontario]]){{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Hall of Fame Inductees===
* 2005 [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Leo Bachle]] (a.k.a. Les Barker) (1926–2003){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Adrian Dingle (cartoonist)|Adrian Dingle]] (1911–1974){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Hal Foster]] (1892–1982){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Ed Furness]] (1911–2005){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Rand Holmes]] (1942–2002){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Jon St. Ables]] (1912–1999)
* 2006 [[Owen McCarron]] (1929–2005)
* 2006 [[Win Mortimer]] (1919–1998)
* 2006 [[Dave Sim]] (1956-)
* 2007 [[Albert Chartier]] (1912–2004)
* 2007 [[Gerald Lazare]] (1927-)
* 2007 [[Jacques Hurtubise]] aka ZYX (1950-)
* 2007 [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982)
* 2008 [[Ted McCall]] (1901–1975)
* 2008 [[Pierre Fournier (comic books)|Pierre Fournier]] (1949-)
* 2008 [[Stanley Berneche]] (1947-)
* 2008 [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]] (1950-)
* 2009 [[George Menendez Rae]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1906–1992)
* 2009 [[Réal Godbout]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1951-)
* 2009 [[Ken Steacy]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2009 [[Diana Schutz]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2010 [[Dave Darrigo]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Serge Gaboury]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Deni Loubert]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-)
* 2010 [[Richard Comely]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1950-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[George Freeman (comics)|George Freeman]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[Claude St. Aubin]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2011 [[Chester Brown]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1960-)
* 2011 [[Todd McFarlane]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1961-)

===Voters Choice - Outstanding International Creator===
* 2006 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2007 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' and ''[[Doctor Strange: The Oath]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Pride of Baghdad]]'', ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2008 [[Ed Brubaker]] for ''[[Captain America]]'', ''[[Criminal (comics)|Criminal]]'', ''[[Immortal Iron Fist]]'' and ''[[Uncanny X-Men]]'' ([[Marvel Comics]])
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (English Language)===
* 2007 Dan Kim for ''April & May & June, ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''.
* 2008 [[Faith Erin Hicks]] for ''[[Zombies Calling]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (French Language)===
* 2007 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''[[Paul a la Pêche]]'', published by [[La Pastèque]].
* 2008 [[Philippe Girard]] for ''[[Danger Public]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

==See also==
{{Portal|Comics|Canada}}
*[[Doug Wright Award]]
*[[Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=20em}}

===Works cited===
{{Refbegin|indent=y|colwidth=40em}}

: {{cite book
|ref = harv
|authorlink = John Bell (historian)
|last = Bell
|first = John
|title = Invaders from the North: How Canada Conquered the Comic Book Universe
|location = Toronto
|publisher = [[Dundurn Press]]
|year = 2006
|isbn = 978-1-55002-659-7}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|MacDonald|2011}}
|url = http://www.comicsbeat.com/2011/06/20/2011-joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = 2011 Joe Shuster Award winners announced
|first = Heidi
|last = MacDonald
|author-link = Heidi MacDonald
|publisher = [http://www.comicsbeat.com The Beat]
|date = 2011-06-20
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Melrose|2009}}
|url = http://robot6.comicbookresources.com/2009/09/winners-of-the-2009-joe-shuster-awards/
|title = Winners of the 2009 Joe Shuster Awards
|first = Kevin
|last = Melrose
|publisher = [[Comic Book Resources]]
|date = 2009-09-27
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Spurgeon|2012}}
|title = Your 2012 Joe Shuster Awards Winners
|first = Tom
|last = Spurgeon
|author-link = Tom Spurgeon
|url = http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/your_2012_joe_shuster_awards_winners/
|publisher = ''The Comics Reporter''
|date = 2012-09-18
|accessdate = 2012-09-19}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Awards to be given for Canadian comic-book excellence
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 267
|page = 47
|month = April
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Sim, Cooke among Shuster Winners
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 269
|page = 48
|month = July
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Nominees Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 275
|page = 33
|month = April
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Winners Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 277
|page = 27–28
|month = July
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite news
|ref = {{SfnRef|Vu|2010}}
|url = http://arts.nationalpost.com/2010/06/07/joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = Joe Shuster Award-winners announced
|first = Liem
|last = Vu
|newspaper = [[The National Post]]
|date = 2010-06-07
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite book
|ref = {{SfnRef|Weiner, et al.|2010}}
|title = Graphic Novels and Comics in Libraries and Archives: Essays on Readers, Research, History and Cataloging
|year = 2010
|publisher = McFarland
|isbn = 078644302
|first = Robert G.
|last = Weiner
|coauthors = Randall William Scott, Elizabeth Figa, Amy Kiste Nyberg, William T. Fee, Francisca Goldsmith
|editor-first = Robert G.
|editor-last = Weiner}}

{{Refend}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://www.joeshusterawards.com}}
* [http://theexcerpt.com/2010/06/an-interview-with-kevin-boyd-of-the-joe-shuster-awards/ Interview with Kevin Boyd about the awards]
* Jamie Coville's audio recordings of the [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/JoeShusterAwards2006.mp3 2nd (2006)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2007JoeShusterAwards-Full.mp3 3rd (2007)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/08-06-14-JSAfull.MP3 4th (2008)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2009-09-26-JoeShusterAwards.mp3 5th (2009)] and [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/10-06-05-6thJoeShusterAwards.mp3 6th (2010)] Annual Awards
* Jamie Coville covers the [http://www.collectortimes.com/2005_06/cons2.html 1st (2005)], [http://www.collectortimes.com/2006_06/cons2.html 2nd (2006)] and [http://www.collectortimes.com/2007_07/cons1.html 3rd (2007)] Awards Ceremony for the Collector Times
* [http://thefablerblog.com/kevins-column/the-fabler-blog-looks-at-the-2010-joe-shuster-award-nominees The Fabler Blog looks at the 2010 Nominees]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=1709#respond Metro Columnist Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2008 Awards ceremony]
* [http://kev-the-mev.livejournal.com/101536.html?mode=reply 4th Annual JSA's Completed!]
* [http://www.bestofmostof.com/07jun/index070611.htm Blake Bell covers the 2007 Awards Ceremony]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=789 Metro columnist & CCBCAA member Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2007 Awards ceremony]
* [http://www.cbc.ca/arts/story/2005/05/02/comicawards050502.html Canadian comic-book awards: one down, one to go] CBC Arts report on the 1st year

{{Canadian comics}}

[[Category:Comics awards in Canada|Joe Shuster]]

Joe Shuster Award

2013-10-18T20:35:46Z

192.75.165.28: /* Outstanding Artist */

{{Infobox award
| name = Joe Shuster Award
| current_awards =
| image = JoeShusterAward2007Logo.jpg
| imagesize =
| alt = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| caption = 2007 Joe Shuster Award logo
| description = Outstanding achievements in [[Canadian comics]]
| presenter = [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]]
| host =
| date = 
| location =
| country = [[Canada]]
| reward =
| year =
| year2 =
| holder =
| website = http://www.joeshusterawards.com
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The '''Joe Shuster Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards''' (or '''Joe Shuster Awards''') are given out annually for outstanding achievements in the creation of [[comic books]], [[graphic novels]], [[webcomics]], and comics retailers and publishers by [[Canadian comics|Canadians]]. The awards, first handed out in April 2005, are named in honour of [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), the Canadian-born co-creator of [[Superman]].

The [[Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association]] is a not-for-profit organization formed in 2004 to administer the awards.

==Overview==
The Joe Shuster Awards are comic book industry oriented awards that recognize the achievements of [[Canadian]] citizens and permanent residents.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} Founded initially as an English language comics award the criteria has been changed and refined since 2006 to be inclusive of all works published in Canada (see Language Criteria). The majority of the awards were initially committee-nominated, public-vote awards{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}, with write-in nominations accepted for the International Creator award.{{sfn|Stump|2005a}} This was changed in 2008 to a committee-nominated, jury-selected model, with publishers nominating works within the relevant award category.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} The model established in 2008 was designed to eliminate voter bias and [[ballot stuffing]]. The jury deliberates until they agree on a winner, discussing the merits of each candidate.{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}}

They are named after Canadian-born cartoonist [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992), who co-created [[Superman]] in 1938.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}}{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}} The name is used with the approval of the Estate of Joe Shuster (Michael Catron, Estate Agent).{{cn|date=September 2012}} The award, which focuses mainly on mainstream comics, is complemented by the [[Doug Wright Award]]s, which focuses on alternative comics, cartooning, and comic strips.{{sfn|Bell|2006|p=187}}

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
The late Harry Kremer, owner of Now & Then Books in [[Regional Municipality of Waterloo|Kitchener-Waterloo]], [[Ontario]], was a true pioneer in the industry and a constant and tireless promoter and patron of the medium and owner one of the first comic book specialty stores in Canada. His memory is kept alive in the award that has been named after him – the Outstanding Canadian Comic Book Retailer Award.{{sfn|Stump|2006a}} The Award was given to Kremer's store in 2005, with open voting from 2006 onwards.{{sfn|Stump|2006b}}

===Gene Day Self-Publisher Award===
Named after the late comics artist and self-publisher [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982), this award honours Canadian comic book creators or creative teams who self-published their work, but did not have the books distributed by a third party distributor. The award winner receives a bursary of $500. The award was introduced in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shuster Awards Announce Honor Named for Gene Day|url=http://www.comicbookbin.com/joeshusterawardsnews001.html|publisher=Comic Book Bin|accessdate=13 September 2012|date=May 3 2009}}</ref> Prior to this, Dave Sim had established a Gene Day award distributed annually at the [[Small Press and Alternative Comics Expo]] in [[Columbus, Ohio]] from 2002 to 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.backporchcomics.com/space.htm |title=SPACE |publisher=BackPorchComics.com |date= |accessdate=2011-07-18}}</ref>

===Comics For Kids Award===
This award, established in 2004,{{sfn|Weiner, et al.|2010|p=48}} Works considered for this award are comic books and graphic novels that are targeted at readers 14 and under. Nominees are selected by a team of educators led by Jennifer Haines, MA, B.Ed., who is also the proprietor of Guelph, Ontario’s The Dragon comic book shop.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

===Canadian Comic Book Creator Hall of Fame===
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
Includes dozens of creators such as [[Hal Foster]], [[Win Mortimer]], [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]], [[Dave Sim]] and more.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Language Criteria==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards honour original work published during the previous calendar year in any language. However, Canada has two official languages - French and English, so extra research and attention is given to works published in the two official languages. In order to ensure that bilingual works are included on the ballot, two nominating committees select the finalists in each official language and the finalists are merged for the announced ballot. The nominated books are then given to jury members who can read both official languages for equal consideration.{{cn|date=September 2012}}

==Nationality and residency==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2012}}
The Joe Shuster Awards are open to all Canadian Citizens.

Canadian citizens who have chosen to reside outside of Canada are still eligible for consideration, unless they contact the Awards Organization and notify them that they have surrendered their Canadian citizenship and no longer wish to be considered for their recent work as a Canadian citizen.

Non-Canadians who have achieved Permanent Residency status in Canada are also eligible for consideration. In order to be considered for inclusion as a resident, the individual must have lived in Canada for three years. Permanent Residents who do not wish to be considered may opt out of the Awards program before the selection process begins by sending a statement in writing to the Awards Organization. If an approved Permanent Resident moves away from Canada, they are no longer considered eligible for the awards.

==Categories==

Categories and winners of Joe Shuster Awards are as follows:

===Outstanding Achievement===
*2005 [[Dave Sim]] and [[Gerhard (comics artist)|Gerhard]] for completing ''[[Cerebus]]'' in 2004. Begun in 1977, this 300-issue series is a milestone in comic book publishing and is the longest running creator-owned comic book series.{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006-2007 No winner
* 2008 David Watkins for using comic books as a teaching tool.
* 2009 Category suspended

===Outstanding Artist===
* 2005 [[Kaare Andrews]] for ''[[Spider-Man]]/[[Doctor Octopus]]: Year One'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Pia Guerra]] for ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]]) and a story in ''[[Spider-Man]] Unlimited'' #10 (published by [[Marvel Comics]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] and [[J. Bone]] for ''[[Batman/The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Dale Eaglesham]] for ''[[Justice Society of America]]'' #2-4, 6-7, 9-11 ([[DC Comics]])
* 2009 [[David Finch (comics)|David Finch]] for ''[[Ultimatum (Ultimate Marvel)|Ultimatum]]'' #1-2{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Stuart Immonen]] for ''[[Ultimate Spider-Man]] 130-133'', ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]] 55-60'', ''[[Fantastic Four]] 569'' (Marvel), ''The CBLDF Presents Liberty Comics 2 – "Trampoline Hall"'' (Image Comics){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Francis Manapul]] for [[Adventure Comics]]#6, [[The Flash]]#1-6, [[Superman/Batman]]#75 ([[DC Comics]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Stuart Immonen]] for [["Fear Itself (comics)|"Fear Itself]] #1-7; "Queen, King, Off-Suit"/''X-Men: To Serve and Protect'' #4; "Say You're Dead"/''Outlaw Territory'' Volume 2{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Isabelle Arsenault]] for [["Jane, le renard & moi"]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & I]] {{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Outstanding Cartoonist (Writer/Artist)===
* 2005 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[DC: The New Frontier]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Bryan Lee O'Malley]] for ''[[Scott Pilgrim]]'' Vol. 2 (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Spirit (comics)|The Spirit]]'' #1 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Jeff Lemire]] for ''[[Essex County Trilogy|Essex County]] Vol. 1: Tales From The Farm'', ''Essex County Vol. 2: Ghost Stories'' ([[Top Shelf Productions|Top Shelf]])
* 2009 [[Dave Sim]] for ''[[Glamourpuss]] #1-4'' and ''Judenhass''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''Paul, tome 06: [[Paul à Québec]]'' (La Pastèque){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Tin Can Forest]] for [[Baba Yaga and the Wolf]] ([[Koyama Press]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Ramon K Pérez]] for ''Jim Henson's Tale of Sand''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Jeff Lemire]] for [[The Underwater Welder]] and [[Sweet Tooth]]

===Outstanding Publisher===
* 2005 [[Arcana Studio]]{{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2007 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2008 [[Drawn & Quarterly]]
* 2009 [[Les 400 coups]] / [[Mécanique Générale]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[La Pastèque]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Koyama Press]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Writer===
* 2005 (tie) [[Samm Barnes]] for ''[[Doctor Spectrum]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 (tie) [[Ty Templeton]] for ''The [[Batman Adventures]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[J. Torres]] for ''[[Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight]]'' and ''[[Teen Titans Go!]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]), and ''[[Love As A Foreign Language]]'' (published by [[Oni Press]])
* 2007 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Superman Confidential]]'' #1-2 (published by [[DC Comics]]).
* 2008 [[Cecil Castellucci]] for ''[[The P.L.A.I.N. Janes]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]])
* 2009 [[Mariko Tamaki]] for ''[[Skim (graphic novel)|Skim]]'' ([[Groundwood Books]]) and ''[[Emiko Superstar]]'' ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Minx (comics)|Minx]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Maryse Dubuc]] for ''[[The Bellybuttons|Les Nombrils 4: Duels de belles]]'' ([[Dupuis]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emilie Villeneuve]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Kurtis J. Wiebe]] for [[The Green Wake]] #1-8; [[The Intrepids]] #1-6; "Logan's Lost Lesson"/''Marvel Holiday Special 2011''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Fanny Britt]] for [[Jane, le renard & moi]] aka [[Jane, the Fox & Me]]

===Outstanding WebComic Creator/Creative Team===
* 2007 Dan Kim, for ''April & May & June'', ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''
* 2008 [[Ryan Sohmer]] & [[Lar deSouza]], for ''[[Looking for Group]]'' & ''[[Least I Could Do]]''
* 2009 [[Cameron Stewart]] for ''[[Sin Titulo]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Karl Kerschl]] for ''[[The Abominable Charles Christopher]]''{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Emily Carroll]] for ''[[His Face All Red]]'' and more{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Emily Carroll]] for various comics, 2011{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Michael DeForge]] for ''[[Ant Comic]]''

===Outstanding Colourist===
* 2008 [[Dave McCaig]] for ''[[Nextwave]]'', Agents of H.A.T.E. #12, ''[[The New Avengers (comics)|New Avengers]]'' #27-35, ''[[Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America]]'' #1: ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'', ''[[Marvel Comics Presents]]'' #1-4, ''[[Wolverine (comics)|Wolverine]]'' #50, ''[[Avengers (comics)|Avengers]] Classic'' #7 ([[Marvel Comics]]) DC Infinite Halloween Special #1 ([[DC Comics]]), ''[[The Other Side (comics)|The Other Side]]'' #4-5 ([[DC Comics|DC]]/[[Vertigo (DC Comics)|Vertigo]]) ''[[Stephen Colbert]]’s [[Tek Jansen]]'' #1 ([[Oni Press]])
* 2009 [[François Lapierre]] for ''“Gédéon et la bête du lac” [[Contes et légendes du Québec]]'' (Glénat Québec), ''[[Magasin général]] 4'' (Casterman){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Nathan Fairbairn]] for ''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]] #605, [[Dark Reign: The List]] – X-Men #1, [[Dark X-Men]]: The Confession #1 (Cover), [[Guardians of the Galaxy (2008 team)|Guardians of the Galaxy]] #16, 18-19, [[House of M: Masters of Evil]] #1, [[Marvel Mystery Comics]] 70th Anniversary Special #1, [[Nation X]] #1, [[Realm of Kings]]: Imperial Guard #1-2, [[Timestorm 2009–2099]]: [[Spider-Man]], [[War of Kings]]: Warriors #2, [[Wolverine (comic book)|Wolverine]] #72, [[Wolverine: Origins]] #32, [[Wolverine: Weapon X]] #6-8, [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #39-50, 200 (Variant) (Cover), [[X-Factor (comics)|X-Factor]] #45, [[X-Men: Kingbreaker]] #2-4, [[Gambit (comics)|X-Men Origins: Gambit]] #1'' (Marvel Comics), ''[[Tek Jansen|Stephen Colbert’s Tek Jansen]] #4-5'' (Oni Press){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Julie Rocheleau (comics)|Julie Rocheleau]] for ''[[La fille invisible]]'' ([[Glénat (publisher)|Glénat Québec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 Category Suspended

===Outstanding Cover (2008-2010) / Cover Artist (2011-)===
* 2008 [[Steve Skroce]] for ''[[Doc Frankenstein]]'' #6 ([[Burlyman Entertainment|Burleyman]])
* 2009 [[Niko Henrichon]] for ''[[Hostile]] Tome 1: Impact'' (Dupuis){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Darwyn Cooke]] for ''[[Richard Stark's Parker: The Hunter]]'' (IDW){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Fiona Staples]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[François Lapierre]] for ''Chroniques Sauvages''{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Mike Del Mundo]]

===Comics for Kids Award ===
* 2009 ''[[Jellaby]] Book 1'' by [[Kean Soo]] {{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 ''[[Nightschool]]: The Weirn Books Vols.1-2'' ([[Yen Press]]) by [[Svetlana Chmakova]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 ''[[Three Thieves Book One: Tower of Treasure]]'' ([[Kids Can Press]]) by [[Scott Chantler]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 ''[[Ariane et Nicolas]] Tome 6: Les Toiles Mysterieuses'' by [[Paul Roux ]]{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 ''[[Cat’s Cradle]] Volume 1: The Golden Twine'' by [[Joe Rioux]]

===Gene Day Award for Canadian Self-Publishing (New in 2009)===
* 2009 [[Jesse Jacobs]] for ''[[Blue Winter, Shapes in the Snow]]''{{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[Ethan Rilly]] for ''[[Pope Hats]]'' No.1{{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[John Martz]] for ''[[Heaven All Day]]''{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Dakota McFadzean]] for Ghost Rabbit{{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Cory McCallum]] and [[Matthew Daley]] - ''[[The Pig Sleep]]: A Mr. Monitor Case''

===Harry Kremer Retailer Award===
* 2005 [[Now & Then Books]] ([[Kitchener, Ontario]]){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Strange Adventures (comics retailer)|Strange Adventures]] ([[Halifax Urban Area|Halifax, Nova Scotia]])
* 2007 [[Happy Harbor Comics|Happy Harbor]] ([[Edmonton, Alberta]])
* 2008 [[Big B Comics]] ([[Hamilton, Ontario]])
* 2009 [[Legends Comics and Books]] ([[Victoria, British Columbia]]){{sfn|Melrose|2009}}
* 2010 [[The Beguiling]] ([[Toronto, Ontario]]){{sfn|Vu|2010}}
* 2011 [[Planète BD]] ([[Montreal, Quebec]]){{sfn|MacDonald|2011}}
* 2012 [[Silver Snail]] (Toronto, Ontario){{sfn|Spurgeon|2012}}
* 2013 [[Heroes Comics]] ([[London, Ontario]]){{sfn|Spurgeon|2013}}

===Hall of Fame Inductees===
* 2005 [[Joe Shuster]] (1914–1992){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Leo Bachle]] (a.k.a. Les Barker) (1926–2003){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Adrian Dingle (cartoonist)|Adrian Dingle]] (1911–1974){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Hal Foster]] (1892–1982){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Ed Furness]] (1911–2005){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2005 [[Rand Holmes]] (1942–2002){{sfn|Stump|2005b}}
* 2006 [[Jon St. Ables]] (1912–1999)
* 2006 [[Owen McCarron]] (1929–2005)
* 2006 [[Win Mortimer]] (1919–1998)
* 2006 [[Dave Sim]] (1956-)
* 2007 [[Albert Chartier]] (1912–2004)
* 2007 [[Gerald Lazare]] (1927-)
* 2007 [[Jacques Hurtubise]] aka ZYX (1950-)
* 2007 [[Gene Day]] (1951–1982)
* 2008 [[Ted McCall]] (1901–1975)
* 2008 [[Pierre Fournier (comic books)|Pierre Fournier]] (1949-)
* 2008 [[Stanley Berneche]] (1947-)
* 2008 [[John Byrne (comics)|John Byrne]] (1950-)
* 2009 [[George Menendez Rae]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1906–1992)
* 2009 [[Réal Godbout]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1951-)
* 2009 [[Ken Steacy]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2009 [[Diana Schutz]]{{sfn|Melrose|2009}} (1955-)
* 2010 [[Dave Darrigo]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Serge Gaboury]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1954-)
* 2010 [[Deni Loubert]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-)
* 2010 [[Richard Comely]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1950-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[George Freeman (comics)|George Freeman]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2010 [[Claude St. Aubin]]{{sfn|Vu|2010}} (1951-) in celebration of the 35th Anniversary of ''[[Captain Canuck]] 1''
* 2011 [[Chester Brown]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1960-)
* 2011 [[Todd McFarlane]]{{sfn|MacDonald|2011}} (1961-)

===Voters Choice - Outstanding International Creator===
* 2006 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2007 [[Brian K. Vaughan]] for ''[[Runaways (comics)|Runaways]]'' and ''[[Doctor Strange: The Oath]]'' (published by [[Marvel Comics]]), ''[[Pride of Baghdad]]'', ''[[Ex Machina (comics)|Ex Machina]]'', and ''[[Y: The Last Man]]'' (published by [[DC Comics]]/[[Vertigo Comics|Vertigo]])
* 2008 [[Ed Brubaker]] for ''[[Captain America]]'', ''[[Criminal (comics)|Criminal]]'', ''[[Immortal Iron Fist]]'' and ''[[Uncanny X-Men]]'' ([[Marvel Comics]])
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (English Language)===
* 2007 Dan Kim for ''April & May & June, ''Kanami'' & ''Penny Tribute''.
* 2008 [[Faith Erin Hicks]] for ''[[Zombies Calling]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

===Voters Choice - Favourite Creator (French Language)===
* 2007 [[Michel Rabagliati]] for ''[[Paul a la Pêche]]'', published by [[La Pastèque]].
* 2008 [[Philippe Girard]] for ''[[Danger Public]]''
* 2009 Category suspended

==See also==
{{Portal|Comics|Canada}}
*[[Doug Wright Award]]
*[[Canadian Cartoonist Hall of Fame]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=20em}}

===Works cited===
{{Refbegin|indent=y|colwidth=40em}}

: {{cite book
|ref = harv
|authorlink = John Bell (historian)
|last = Bell
|first = John
|title = Invaders from the North: How Canada Conquered the Comic Book Universe
|location = Toronto
|publisher = [[Dundurn Press]]
|year = 2006
|isbn = 978-1-55002-659-7}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|MacDonald|2011}}
|url = http://www.comicsbeat.com/2011/06/20/2011-joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = 2011 Joe Shuster Award winners announced
|first = Heidi
|last = MacDonald
|author-link = Heidi MacDonald
|publisher = [http://www.comicsbeat.com The Beat]
|date = 2011-06-20
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Melrose|2009}}
|url = http://robot6.comicbookresources.com/2009/09/winners-of-the-2009-joe-shuster-awards/
|title = Winners of the 2009 Joe Shuster Awards
|first = Kevin
|last = Melrose
|publisher = [[Comic Book Resources]]
|date = 2009-09-27
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite web
|ref = {{SfnRef|Spurgeon|2012}}
|title = Your 2012 Joe Shuster Awards Winners
|first = Tom
|last = Spurgeon
|author-link = Tom Spurgeon
|url = http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/your_2012_joe_shuster_awards_winners/
|publisher = ''The Comics Reporter''
|date = 2012-09-18
|accessdate = 2012-09-19}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Awards to be given for Canadian comic-book excellence
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 267
|page = 47
|month = April
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2005b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Sim, Cooke among Shuster Winners
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 269
|page = 48
|month = July
|year = 2005
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006a}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Nominees Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 275
|page = 33
|month = April
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite journal
|ref = {{SfnRef|Stump|2006b}}
|last = Stump
|first = Greg
|title = Shuster Winners Announced
|journal = [[The Comics Journal]]
|publisher = [[Fantagraphics Books]]
|issue = 277
|page = 27–28
|month = July
|year = 2006
|issn = 0194-7869}}

: {{cite news
|ref = {{SfnRef|Vu|2010}}
|url = http://arts.nationalpost.com/2010/06/07/joe-shuster-award-winners-announced/
|title = Joe Shuster Award-winners announced
|first = Liem
|last = Vu
|newspaper = [[The National Post]]
|date = 2010-06-07
|accessdate = 2012-01-03}}

: {{cite book
|ref = {{SfnRef|Weiner, et al.|2010}}
|title = Graphic Novels and Comics in Libraries and Archives: Essays on Readers, Research, History and Cataloging
|year = 2010
|publisher = McFarland
|isbn = 078644302
|first = Robert G.
|last = Weiner
|coauthors = Randall William Scott, Elizabeth Figa, Amy Kiste Nyberg, William T. Fee, Francisca Goldsmith
|editor-first = Robert G.
|editor-last = Weiner}}

{{Refend}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://www.joeshusterawards.com}}
* [http://theexcerpt.com/2010/06/an-interview-with-kevin-boyd-of-the-joe-shuster-awards/ Interview with Kevin Boyd about the awards]
* Jamie Coville's audio recordings of the [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/JoeShusterAwards2006.mp3 2nd (2006)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2007JoeShusterAwards-Full.mp3 3rd (2007)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/08-06-14-JSAfull.MP3 4th (2008)], [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/2009-09-26-JoeShusterAwards.mp3 5th (2009)] and [http://www.thecomicbooks.com/Audio/10-06-05-6thJoeShusterAwards.mp3 6th (2010)] Annual Awards
* Jamie Coville covers the [http://www.collectortimes.com/2005_06/cons2.html 1st (2005)], [http://www.collectortimes.com/2006_06/cons2.html 2nd (2006)] and [http://www.collectortimes.com/2007_07/cons1.html 3rd (2007)] Awards Ceremony for the Collector Times
* [http://thefablerblog.com/kevins-column/the-fabler-blog-looks-at-the-2010-joe-shuster-award-nominees The Fabler Blog looks at the 2010 Nominees]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=1709#respond Metro Columnist Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2008 Awards ceremony]
* [http://kev-the-mev.livejournal.com/101536.html?mode=reply 4th Annual JSA's Completed!]
* [http://www.bestofmostof.com/07jun/index070611.htm Blake Bell covers the 2007 Awards Ceremony]
* [http://www.jonathankuehlein.com/?p=789 Metro columnist & CCBCAA member Jonathan Kuehlein's article on the 2007 Awards ceremony]
* [http://www.cbc.ca/arts/story/2005/05/02/comicawards050502.html Canadian comic-book awards: one down, one to go] CBC Arts report on the 1st year

{{Canadian comics}}

[[Category:Comics awards in Canada|Joe Shuster]]