Wikipedia - User contributions [en]

Tanta

2018-12-12T00:42:14Z

2.235.238.168:

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Tanta
| native_name = {{lang|arz|طنطا}}
| settlement_type = [[List of cities and towns in Egypt|City]]
|image_skyline = {{Photomontage
| photo1a = TantaSabahDome.jpg
| photo2a = TantaBadawiCourt.jpg
| photo2b = TantaAliBek.jpg
| photo3a = Tanta-1.jpg
| size = 275
| spacing = 2
| color = transparent
| border = 0
}}
|image_caption = '''Clockwise from top:''' Sheikha Sabah Mosque dome, [[Mosque of Sidi EL-Badawi]], Sabil Ali-Bek, Tanta Overview
| flag_size =
| image_seal =
| seal_size =
| image_shield =
| shield_size =
| nickname = El Badawy City
| motto =
| image_map =
| mapsize =
| map_caption =
|pushpin_map = Egypt
|pushpin_label_position = left
|pushpin_relief = yes
|pushpin_map_caption = Location of Tanta within Egypt
| coordinates = {{coord|30|47|N|31|0|E|region:EG|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Egypt}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Governorates of Egypt|Governorate]]
| subdivision_type2 =
| subdivision_type3 =
| subdivision_name1 = [[Gharbia Governorate|Gharbia]]
| subdivision_name2 =
| subdivision_name3 =
| established_title =
| established_date =
| government_footnotes =
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| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_magnitude =
| area_total_km2 =
| area_land_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 12
| elevation_ft =
| population_total = 658798
| population_as_of = 2018
| population_footnotes =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_sq_mi =
| population_metro =
| population_density_metro_km2 =
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| population_blank1_title = Ethnicities
| population_blank1 =
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| population_note =
| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
| area_code = (+20) 40
| website =
| footnotes = |
| timezone = [[Eastern European Time|EET]]
| utc_offset = +2
| timezone_DST =
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| blank_name =
| blank_info =
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}}

'''Tanta''' ({{lang-arz|طنطا}} ''{{transl|ar|Ṭanṭa }}'' {{IPA-ar|ˈtˤɑntˤɑ|pron}}, {{Lang-cop|ⲧⲁⲛⲧⲁⲑⲟ}}) is a large city in [[Egypt]]. It is the country's fifth largest populated area, with 658798 inhabitants as of 2018.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gpro&lng=en&des=gamelan&geo=-69&srt=npan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&pt=c&va=&geo=434865100
|title=Statistical information on Tanta, Egypt
|accessdate=2016-11-14
|author=World Gazetteer
|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20121208211630/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gpro&lng=en&des=gamelan&geo=-69&srt=npan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&pt=c&va=&geo=434865100
|archivedate=8 December 2012
|deadurl=yes
|df=
}}</ref> Tanta is located between Cairo and Alexandria: {{convert|94|km|mi|abbr=on}} north of [[Cairo]] and {{convert|130|km|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Alexandria]]. The capital of [[Gharbia Governorate]],<ref name="Capital" /> it is a center for the [[cotton gin|cotton-ginning]] industry.<ref name="Cotton">{{cite book|last1=Chaichian|first1=Mohammad A.|title=Town and Country in the Middle East: Iran and Egypt in the Transition to Globalization, 1800–1970|date=2009|publisher=Lexington Books|isbn=9780739126776|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UVa3JPL64xcC&pg=PA131&dq=Tanta,+Egypt,+cotton&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjFgrC1k6_QAhWD6yYKHRnQDDMQ6AEINDAF#v=onepage&q=Tanta%2C%20Egypt%2C%20cotton&f=false|accessdate=17 November 2016}}</ref> One of the major railway lines goes through Tanta.<ref name="UpgradeTrain">{{cite news|last1=Ayyad|first1=Mohamed|title=Siemens, Egyptian Railway sign MoU to develop major lines’ sign lighting|url=http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2015/07/27/siemens-egyptian-railway-sign-mou-to-develop-major-lines-sign-lighting/|accessdate=17 November 2016|agency=Daily News Egypt|date=July 27, 2015|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161117214658/http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2015/07/27/siemens-egyptian-railway-sign-mou-to-develop-major-lines-sign-lighting/|archivedate=17 November 2016|df=}}</ref><ref name="train">{{cite news|last1=Seif|first1=Ola R|title=Train of thoughts|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/32/138/152456/Folk/Photo-Heritage/Train-of-thoughts.aspx|accessdate=17 November 2016|agency=ahram online|date=October 12, 2015}}</ref> Three annual festivals are held in Tanta in honor of [[Ahmad al-Badawi]], a revered [[Sufism|Sufi]] figure of the 13th century, who founded the [[Badawiyya]] [[Tariqa]] in Egypt and is buried in [[Ahmad Al-Badawi Mosque]], the main [[mosque]] of Tanta. Tanta is known for its ''[[Egyptian_cuisine#Desserts|sweets]]'' shops and roasted chickpeas.<ref name="chickpeas">{{cite book|last1=Dan|first1=Richardson|last2=Jacobs|first2=Daniel|title=The Rough Guide to Egypt|date=February 1, 2013|publisher=Penguin|isbn=9781409324263|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vauRTLpQG0EC&pg=PT536&dq=SWEET+SHOPS+OF+TANTA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiNyqS22q7QAhXHx4MKHZZcC64Q6AEIHTAA#v=onepage&q=SWEET%20SHOPS%20OF%20TANTA&f=false|accessdate=17 November 2016}}</ref>

==Overview==
[[File:Desserts - Sweets from Tanta.jpg|thumb| 'hubb el 'Aziz' ('seeds of the Beloved Prophet']]
With its large cotton plantations, in 1856, Tanta became a stop on the railway network, primarily for the benefit of exporting its cotton to European markets.<ref name="railway1856">{{cite book|last1=Chaichian|first1=Mohammad A.|title=Town and Country in the Middle East: Iran and Egypt in the Transition to Globalization, 1800–1970|date=2009|publisher=Lexington Books|isbn=9780739126776|page=131|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UVa3JPL64xcC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q=Tanta&f=false|accessdate=18 November 2016}}</ref> Even by 1986 the area around Tanta was mostly open fields with scattered villages but by 2001, Tanta had grown into a large, busy city.<ref name="TantaGrew">{{cite book|last1=Huston|first1=Perdita|title=Families as We are: Conversations from Around the World|date=2001|publisher=Feminist Press at CUNY|isbn=9781558612501|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bq6Ls2g4bZ0C&pg=PA63&dq=streets+in+Tanta+Egypt&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwik14bYuq7QAhWEQyYKHf5oD1AQ6AEIIzAB#v=onepage&q=streets%20in%20Tanta%20Egypt&f=false|accessdate=17 November 2016}}</ref>

Tanta is known for its sweets, eaten mostly when large numbers of Egyptians descend upon on the city, during the ''[[Mawlid|mulid]]'' ({{lang-ar|المولد}}) festivals.<ref name="Streets">{{cite web|last1=Marcus|first1=Antoine|title=A Glimpse of Tanta, Egypt’s "Boss Town" |url=http://egyptianstreets.com/2016/02/13/a-glimpse-of-tanta-egypts-boss-town/|website=Egyptian Streets|accessdate=17 November 2016}}</ref><ref name="Elsamadouny">{{cite web|last1=Elsamadouny|first1=Zeyad|title=Night Ride in Tanta|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZgOuOWmK35U|website=Youtube|accessdate=17 November 2016}}</ref>

This city comes to life in late October at the end of the cotton harvest. Three million people,<ref name="Capital">{{cite news|last1=Raafat |first1=Shaimaa|title=Tanta receives 3 million visitors participating in Moulid Al-Sayed Al-Badawy festival |url=http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2014/10/21/tanta-receives-3-million-visitors-participating-moulid-al-sayed-al-badawy-festival/ |accessdate=17 November 2016|agency=Daily News Egypt|date=October 21, 2014|deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161117213153/http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2014/10/21/tanta-receives-3-million-visitors-participating-moulid-al-sayed-al-badawy-festival/|archivedate=17 November 2016|df=}}</ref> from around the Delta and other parts of the Arab world, come for the Moulid of Sayid Ahmed el-Badawi,<ref name="Moulid" /> which is a colorful,<ref name="Colorful">{{cite book |last1=Denny|first1=Frederick|title=Introduction to Islam|date=September 21, 2015|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781317347279|page=245 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5h2aCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA245&dq=streets+in+Tanta+Egypt&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwik14bYuq7QAhWEQyYKHf5oD1AQ6AEIHTAA#v=onepage&q=streets%20in%20Tanta%20Egypt&f=false|accessdate=16 November 2016}}</ref> religious, eight-day celebration. The moulid is centered around the mosque and tomb of Sayid Ahmad al-Badawi.<ref name="dhikr">{{cite book|last1=Brockman|first1=Norbert|title=Encyclopedia of Sacred Places, Volume 1 |isbn=9781598846546 |page=321|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JkSk4euA-TEC&pg=PA321&lpg=PA320&focus=viewport&dq=Tanta,+Egypt#v=onepage&q=Tanta%2C%20Egypt&f=false|accessdate=15 November 2016}}</ref> He founded one of Egypt's largest Sufi orders called Ahmadiyyah or [[Badawiyya]].<ref name="Ahmadiyyah">{{cite book|last1=el-Aswad|first1=El-Sayed |title=Muslim Worldviews and Everyday Lives|date=July 13, 2012|publisher=Rowman Altamira|isbn=9780759121195|page=77 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CnzhXfJfkAMC&pg=PA77&dq=Tanta,+Egypt&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwim1ryrk67QAhVMMSYKHXRhCJc4HhDoAQgqMAI#v=onepage&q=Tanta%2C%20Egypt&f=false|accessdate=16 November 2016}}</ref> He was born in Morocco, but emigrated to Arabia and was sent to Tanta in 1234 as a representative of the order from Iraq. He was given permission to start a new order in Tanta and it soon flourished into "one of Egypt's largest Sufi brotherhoods".<ref name="Moulid" /> During the festival many sugar-coated nuts called 'hubb el 'Aziz' ('seeds of the Beloved Prophet') are eaten. They have been considered a delicacy since the 1800s.<ref name="Egypt1885">{{cite book|last1=Karl|first1=Baedeker|title=Egypt: Handbook for Travellers : Part First, Lower Egypt, with the Fayum and the Peninsula of Sinai|date=1885|publisher=Karl Baedeker |location=Harvard |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cfgRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA226&dq=Tanta,+Egypt&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjRs9Sz3qjQAhVL6GMKHYH_BWE4ChDoAQg_MAU#v=onepage&q=Tanta%2C%20Egypt&f=false |accessdate=16 November 2016}}</ref>

Tanta has cotton ginning factories and textile industries,<ref name="Moulid">{{cite book|last1=Richadson |first1=Dan|last2=Jacobs |first2=Daniel |title=The Rough Guide to Egypt|date=August 2, 2010|publisher=Penguin|isbn=9781405387736|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GbGds7xjkngC&pg=PT947&dq=Tanta,+Egypt&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjYrP7F0qjQAhXEwVQKHTaYAT8Q6AEINTAD#v=onepage&q=Tanta%2C%20Egypt&f=false}}</ref> and is also a university town with [[Tanta University]] since 1972.<ref name="TantaU">{{cite web|title=Tanta University History |url=http://www.tanta.edu.eg/en/History.aspx|website=Tanta University|accessdate=16 November 2016}}</ref>

The people of Tanta are called ''Tantawy'' and enjoy leisurely walks along the streets.<ref name="Marcus">{{cite web|last1=Marcus |first1=Antoine |title=A Glimpse of Tanta, Egypt’s "Boss Town"|url=http://egyptianstreets.com/2016/02/13/a-glimpse-of-tanta-egypts-boss-town/ |website=Egyptian Streets|accessdate=17 November 2016|deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011212854/http://egyptianstreets.com/2016/02/13/a-glimpse-of-tanta-egypts-boss-town |archivedate=11 October 2016|df=}}</ref><ref name="Elsamadouny"/>

==Art, and culture==
What originally began in Cairo, spread to Tanta when a group of young Egyptians began showing European movie screenings at Rivoli Cinema, the oldest cinema in Tanta. Called the 8th Edition Panorama of European Films, the young media students invited a film director to speak with the audience: people were enticed and the film screenings became a huge success. The group also began the Association of Cinema and Literature Lovers Group to encourage young filmmakers in Tanta.<ref name="Panorama">{{cite news|last1=Nasr|first1=Nahed|title=Archives: 8th Panorama out of Cairo: A dream in fulfilment|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/5/1172/246903/Arts--Culture/th-Euro-Film-Panorama/ARCHIVES-th-Panorama-out-of-Cairo-A-dream-in-fulfi.aspx|accessdate=16 November 2016|agency=ahram online|date=30 October 2016 |deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161117144541/http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/5/1172/246903/Arts--Culture/th-Euro-Film-Panorama/ARCHIVES-th-Panorama-out-of-Cairo-A-dream-in-fulfi.aspx|archivedate=17 November 2016|df=}}</ref>

==Organizations==

Tanta Sporting Club:
It is An Egyptian Sports Club Based In Tanta, Egypt. Mohamed Saied Basha Founded Tanta Sporting Club In July 1932, As A Gathering Place For Tanta 's professionals. The Club's First President was Mohamed Saied Basha. First, it named Municipality Club, In 1936 after the King Farouk visited the club, it called First Foaud King Club. After the 1952 revolution, it called Tanta Sporting Club. The Club activities include social events and sports activities. Social activities include meeting areas for all the members, playground for children, Theater, Library, and restaurant. The sports activities include soccer ball, basketball, Swimming, and Tennis.[http://www.tantaclub.net/tanta/Default.aspx]

There is a [[Young Men's Muslim Association]] (YMMA) in Tanta and in 1994 had about 1000 members.<ref name="YMMA">{{cite book|last1=Sullivan|first1=Denis Joseph|title=Private Voluntary Organizations in Egypt: Islamic Development, Private Initiative, and State Control|date=1994|publisher=University Press of Florida|isbn=9780813012902|page=73|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2pxIJPJOBWQC&pg=PA73&dq=Tanta,+Egypt&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjcpKzR7q3QAhWF7yYKHZKLAn4Q6AEIPjAE#v=onepage&q=Tanta%2C%20Egypt&f=false}}</ref>

Tanta is the home of Egypt's most popular non-profit hermaphrodite charity.

[[Telecom Egypt]], the main telephone landline Egyptian company, has one of its main centers in Tanta.<ref name="TelecomEgypt">{{cite book|last1=CIA|first1=United States|title=The CIA World Factbook 2010, Book 2010|publisher=Skyhorse Publishing Inc.|isbn=9781602397279|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pqanFyF6nI0C&pg=PA209&dq=Egyptian+telephone+system,+Tanta&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjP2pT1-q3QAhXKrlQKHbrPC4kQ6AEIXTAH#v=onepage&q=Egyptian%20telephone%20system%2C%20Tanta&f=false|accessdate=16 November 2016}}</ref>

==Sites==
St. Mary Coptic Orthodox church, which is over 200 years old, is located in Tanta. Some people believe that the icon of the Virgin Mary has healing powers.<ref name="VirginMaryIcon">{{cite web|title=Christianity in Ebiar Village Tanta|url=https://asenseofbelonging.org/2011/12/13/christianity-in-ebiar-village-tanta/|website=A Sense of Belonging|accessdate=17 November 2016}}</ref><ref name="CopticChurch">{{cite web|title=St. Mary Coptic Orthodox Church Tanta|url=http://directory.nihov.org/church/570|website=St. Mary Coptic Orthodox Church Tanta|accessdate=17 November 2016|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161117144853/http://directory.nihov.org/church/570|archivedate=17 November 2016|df=}}</ref>
The Museum of Tanta contains items from ancient nearby sites of [[Sais]], [[Naucratis]], and [[Buto]], such as pottery and statues.<ref name="TantaMuseum">{{cite web|title=SCA Tanta Museum|url=http://www.sca-egypt.org/eng/MUS_Tanta.htm|website=Supreme Council of Antiquities|accessdate=17 November 2016}}</ref><ref name="Museum">{{cite book|last1=Hudson|first1=Kenneth|last2=Nicholls|first2=Ann|title=The Directory of Museums & Living Displays|date=June 18, 1985|publisher=Springer|isbn=9781349070145|page=208|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w5GvCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA208&dq=Tanta+Zoological+Garden&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi7t5vZ-a7QAhXGLyYKHezRBY8Q6AEIIjAB#v=onepage&q=Tanta%20Zoological%20Garden&f=false|accessdate=17 November 2016}}</ref> [[El Mahalla El Kubra|El Mahallah]] is a large industrial town near Tanta, famous for its textile.<ref name="Moulid" />

<gallery>
File:Tanta-1.jpg|Tanta's city center, Algeish street
File:Mehata1-Tanta.jpg|Tanta's railway station
File:Mosque of St. Ahmed El-Badawi.jpg|Mosque of st. Ahmed El-Badawy
File:TantaFerialPalace.jpg|Ferial palace, currently Al-Azhar school for girls
</gallery>

==Climate==
As all of Egypt, has a [[hot desert climate]] (BWh), according to [[Köppen-Geiger climate classification system]].

{{Weather box
|location = Tanta, Egypt
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|Jan record high C=29.2
|Feb record high C=32.0
|Mar record high C=36.8
|Apr record high C=41.6
|May record high C=45.3
|Jun record high C=44.7
|Jul record high C=41.5
|Aug record high C=42.5
|Sep record high C=41.2
|Oct record high C=38.7
|Nov record high C=35.6
|Dec record high C=28.2

|Jan high C = 18.7
|Feb high C = 19.4
|Mar high C = 22.1
|Apr high C = 27.1
|May high C = 31.0
|Jun high C = 33.6
|Jul high C = 33.1
|Aug high C = 32.7
|Sep high C = 31.6
|Oct high C = 29.2
|Nov high C = 24.2
|Dec high C = 20.3
|year high C = 26.9

|Jan mean C=12.0
|Feb mean C=12.8
|Mar mean C=14.5
|Apr mean C=18.4
|May mean C=22.1
|Jun mean C=25.4
|Jul mean C=26.0
|Aug mean C=25.8
|Sep mean C=24.2
|Oct mean C=21.6
|Nov mean C=17.5
|Dec mean C=13.5
|year mean C=19.5

|Jan low C = 6.5
|Feb low C = 6.6
|Mar low C = 7.8
|Apr low C = 11.2
|May low C = 14.3
|Jun low C = 17.3
|Jul low C = 19.7
|Aug low C = 19.7
|Sep low C = 17.8
|Oct low C = 15.3
|Nov low C = 11.5
|Dec low C = 8.0
|year low C = 13.0

|Jan record low C=0.2
|Feb record low C=0.4
|Mar record low C=0.8
|Apr record low C=4.6
|May record low C=8.3
|Jun record low C=12.0
|Jul record low C=14.8
|Aug record low C=16.4
|Sep record low C=13.7
|Oct record low C=9.1
|Nov record low C=5.0
|Dec record low C=1.6

|precipitation colour =
|Jan precipitation mm = 13
|Feb precipitation mm = 8
|Mar precipitation mm = 7
|Apr precipitation mm = 3
|May precipitation mm = 2
|Jun precipitation mm = 0
|Jul precipitation mm = 0
|Aug precipitation mm = 0
|Sep precipitation mm = 0
|Oct precipitation mm = 2
|Nov precipitation mm = 4
|Dec precipitation mm = 12

|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 1.7
|Feb precipitation days = 0.9
|Mar precipitation days = 0.9
|Apr precipitation days = 0.5
|May precipitation days = 0.2
|Jun precipitation days = 0.0
|Jul precipitation days = 0.0
|Aug precipitation days = 0.0
|Sep precipitation days = 0.0
|Oct precipitation days = 0.3
|Nov precipitation days = 0.6
|Dec precipitation days = 1.5
|year precipitation days = 6.6
|Jan humidity = 72
|Feb humidity = 69
|Mar humidity = 68
|Apr humidity = 60
|May humidity = 57
|Jun humidity = 58
|Jul humidity = 66
|Aug humidity = 71
|Sep humidity = 69
|Oct humidity = 67
|Nov humidity = 70
|Dec humidity = 71
|year humidity = 66.5
|Jan sun = 205.6
|Feb sun = 198.8
|Mar sun = 256.7
|Apr sun = 280.3
|May sun = 325.1
|Jun sun = 357.9
|Jul sun = 332.6
|Aug sun = 342.8
|Sep sun = 280.5
|Oct sun = 278.0
|Nov sun = 229.7
|Dec sun = 205.3
|year sun = 3293.3
|source 1 = NOAA<ref name= NOAA>{{cite web
| url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG__I/UB/62349.TXT
| title = Tanta Climate Normals 1961–1990
| publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]
| accessdate = January 25, 2015}}</ref>
|source 2 = ''Record Meteo'' for record temperatures (1961–1990)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.recordmeteo.com/weather-hi-low/weather-station-tanta-en-62349.html|title=Tanta, Egypt weather Station Record Meteo | accessdate =4 July 2013
| publisher =Record Meteo }}</ref>
}}

==Notable people==
* [[Kamal Amin|Kamal Amien]] ({{lang-ar|كمال أمين}}&lrm;) (1923–1979) Egyptian artist<ref name="Amien">{{cite web|title=Kamal Amien Bio|url=http://www.fineart.gov.eg/Eng/CV/CV.asp?IDS=4173|website=Fine Art Gov Egypt|accessdate=17 November 2016}}</ref>
* [[Khairy Beshara]] ({{lang-ar|خيري بشارة}} ) Film director<ref name="KhairyBesharaBiography">{{cite web|title=Khairy Beshara Biography|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0078654/bio|website=IMDB|accessdate=14 November 2016|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306080218/http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0078654/bio|archivedate=6 March 2016|df=}}</ref>
* [[Abdu Al-Hamouli]] ({{lang-ar|عبده الحامولى}}&lrm;) (1836–1901) Arab-Egyptian singer<ref name="AbdulAlHamuliBio">{{cite web|title=‘Abduh al-Ḥāmūlī|url=http://www.amar-foundation.org/abduh-al-hamuli/|website=Foundation for Arab Music Archiving & Research|accessdate=14 November 2016}}</ref>
* [[Mahmoud Khalil Al-Hussary]] ({{lang-ar|محمود خليل الحصرى}}&lrm;) (1917–1980) reciter of the Qur'an<ref>{{cite web|title=Mahmoud Khalil Al Hussary|url=http://www.assabile.com/mahmoud-khalil-al-hussary-27/mahmoud-khalil-al-hussary.htm|website=Assabile|accessdate=17 November 2016|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119083321/http://www.assabile.com/mahmoud-khalil-al-hussary-27/mahmoud-khalil-al-hussary.htm|archivedate=19 November 2016|df=}}</ref>
* [[Mohamed Fawzi (artist)|Mohamed Fawzi]] ({{lang-ar|محمد فوزى}}&lrm;), (1918–1966) Egyptian composer, singer, and actor<ref>{{cite web|title=Mohamed Fawzy (1918–1966) محمد فوزي|url=http://www.elcinema.com/en/person/1023332|website=El Cinema|accessdate=15 November 2016|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161116104506/http://www.elcinema.com/en/person/1023332|archivedate=16 November 2016|df=}}</ref>
* [[Naima Akef]] ({{lang-ar|نعيمة عاكف}}&lrm;) (1939–1966) Egyptian belly-dancer and movie superstar<ref>{{cite web|title=Naima Akef|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0015167/|website=IMDB|accessdate=14 November 2016|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170218044300/http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0015167/|archivedate=18 February 2017|df=}}</ref>
* [[Doria Shafiq]] ({{lang-ar|درية شفيق}}&lrm;) (1908–1975) a leader of the Women's Liberation Movement in the early 1950s<ref name="Suffrage">{{cite book|last1=Smith|first1=Bonnie G.|title=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Women in World History: 4 Volume Set|date=2008|publisher=Oxford University Press, USA|isbn=9780195148909|page=27|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EFI7tr9XK6EC&pg=RA3-PA27#v=onepage&q&f=false}}</ref>
* [[Ahmed Ibrahim Hegazy]] (1936–2011) Known as "Hegazy", a caricature artist<ref name="Hegazy">{{cite news|last1=Mahmoud|first1=Sayed|title=Hegazy, Master of Egyptian cartoons|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/5/25/24875/Arts--Culture/Visual-Art/Hegazy,-Master-of-Egyptian-cartoons.aspx|accessdate=15 November 2016|agency=ahram online|date=October 24, 2011|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161116021146/http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/5/25/24875/Arts--Culture/Visual-Art/Hegazy%2C-Master-of-Egyptian-cartoons.aspx|archivedate=16 November 2016|df=}}</ref>
* [[Nasr Abu Zayd]] "Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd" (1943–2010) Egyptian Qur'anic thinker and a liberal theologian in Islam<ref name="NasrHamidAbuZayd">{{cite web|title=Professor Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd|url=http://www.arabphilosophers.com/English/philosophers/contemporary/contemporary-names/Nasr_Abuzaid/English_Article_Abuzaid/E_N_Abuzaid.htm|website=Philosophers of the Arabs|accessdate=17 November 2016|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161117144852/http://www.arabphilosophers.com/English/philosophers/contemporary/contemporary-names/Nasr_Abuzaid/English_Article_Abuzaid/E_N_Abuzaid.htm|archivedate=17 November 2016|df=}}</ref>
* [[Ahmed Khaled Towfik]] (1962 – ) Egyptian author<ref name="TowfikBirth">{{cite news|last1=Yaqoob|first1=Tahira|title=Ahmed Khaled Towfik, Egypt's doctor of escapism|url=http://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/books/ahmed-khaled-towfik-egypts-doctor-of-escapism|accessdate=17 November 2016|date=March 16, 2012|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161117211120/http://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/books/ahmed-khaled-towfik-egypts-doctor-of-escapism|archivedate=17 November 2016|df=}}</ref>
* [[Amina Rizk]] (1910–2003) Egyptian actress<ref>{{cite web|title=Amina Rizk|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0729780/|website=IMDB|accessdate=16 November 2016|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215204352/http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0729780/|archivedate=15 February 2017|df=}}</ref>
* [[El-Sayed Nosseir]], (1905–1977) Olympic Gold medal winner in weightlifting<ref>{{cite web|title=Sayed Nossier|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/no/sayed-nosseir-1.html|website=SR / Olympic Sports|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220092923/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/no/sayed-nosseir-1.html|archivedate=2015-02-20|df=}}</ref>
* [[Maximos V Hakim]], Melkite Greek Catholic Patriarch<ref name="Patriarch">{{cite web|title=Patriarch Maximos V (George) Hakim †|url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bhakimm.html|website=Catholic Hierarchy|accessdate=17 November 2016}}</ref>
* [[Nabil Farouk]], Novelist who influenced Egyptian youth during the 1980s and 1990s.<ref name="NabilFaroukBio">{{cite web|title=Dr. Nabil Farouk Biography|url=http://www.rewayat.com/dr_nabil.htm|website=Rewayat Club|accessdate=15 November 2016}}</ref><ref name="InTheNewsNabilFarouk">{{cite news|last1=Almazroui|first1=Ayesha|title=If we want to keep Arabic alive, don’t blame English|url=http://www.thenational.ae/opinion/comment/if-we-want-to-keep-arabic-alive-dont-blame-english|accessdate=15 November 2016|agency=The National|date=March 8, 2015|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161116022749/http://www.thenational.ae/opinion/comment/if-we-want-to-keep-arabic-alive-dont-blame-english|archivedate=16 November 2016|df=}}</ref>
* [[Bishop Paula]], Head of the Coptic Orthodox Council for Marital Affairs.<ref name="BishopPaula">{{cite news|title=Bishop Paula of Tanta and Synod Member speaks to Al-Hayat TV Channel on Egyptian Copts, relations with Al-Sisi and patriotism|url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20140611-bishop-paula-of-tanta-and-synod-member-speaks-to-al-hayat-tv-channel-on-egyptian-copts-relations-with-al-sisi-and-patriotism/|accessdate=17 November 2016|agency=Middle East Monitor|date=June 11, 2014}}</ref>
* [[Gamil Shafiq]], artist<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://massai.ahram.org.eg/Archive/Inner.aspx?ContentID=20746|title=الفنان جميل شفيق‏:‏ أنا وحجازي رسمنا حيطان مدرسة الأحمدية بطنطا بصور عرابي والمقاومة|website=massai.ahram.org.eg|access-date=2018-11-28}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of cities and towns in Egypt]]
* [[Nile Delta]]
* [[Egypt#Festivals|Egyptian festivals]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=cfgRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA226&dq=Tanta,+Egypt&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjRs9Sz3qjQAhVL6GMKHYH_BWE4ChDoAQg_MAU#v=onepage&q=Tanta%2C%20Egypt&f=false Egypt: Handbook for Travellers : Part First, Lower Egypt, with the Fayum and the Peninsula of Sinai by Karl Baedeker (1885)]
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=Bq6Ls2g4bZ0C&pg=PA63&dq=streets+in+Tanta+Egypt&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwik14bYuq7QAhWEQyYKHf5oD1AQ6AEIIzAB#v=onepage&q=streets%20in%20Tanta%20Egypt&f=false Families as We are: Conversations from Around the World by Perdita Huston, 2001]
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=t_0tAAAAIAAJ&dq=Tanta,+Egypt,+cotton&source=gbs_navlinks_s The Encyclopædia Britannica: a dictionary of arts, sciences, literature and general information] by Hugh Chisholm, 1910
* [http://www.coptic-tanta.com/ The Coptic Diocese of Tanta]

{{Cities of Egypt}}
{{Governorates capital of Egypt}}
{{Egyptian Cities}}

[[Category:Governorate capitals in Egypt]]
[[Category:Populated places in Gharbia Governorate]]
[[Category:Nile Delta]]
[[Category:Cities in Egypt]]
[[Category:Religious festivals in Egypt]]

{{Commons category|Tanta}}

Sharqia Governorate

2018-12-12T00:36:32Z

2.235.238.168:

{{redirect-several|Ash Sharqiyah}}
{{Infobox Egyptian Governorate
| name = Sharqia Governorate
| settlement_type = [[Governorate of Egypt]]
| image_flag = Flag of Ash Sharqiyah.svg
| reg_logo = Coat of arms of Sharqia Govenorate.JPG
| image_seal =
| logo_size =
| seal_size =
| image_map = Sharqia in Egypt (2011).svg
| map_caption = Sharqia Governorate on the map of Egypt
| coordinates = {{coord|30.7|N|31.63|E|region:EG|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_region = EG
| coordinates_display = inline,title
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[Egypt]]
| leader_title = Governor
| leader_name = Mamdouh Mustafa El-Sayed Ahmed Gharab <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/us-egypt-governors/egypt-names-six-provincial-governors-mostly-ex-generals-idUSKCN11D285|title=رسمياً.. المحافظون الجدد ونوابهم يؤدون اليمين الدستورية أمام الرئيس|work=Almasry Alyoum|language=Arabic|date=30 August 2018|access-date=2018-08-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180831211714/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-egypt-governors/egypt-names-six-provincial-governors-mostly-ex-generals-idUSKCN11D285#|archive-date=2018-08-31|dead-url=no|df=}}</ref>
| area = 4,180
| area_footnotes =
| area_land_km2 =
| area_water_km2 =
| population_footnotes =
| population_total = 8017894<ref name="pop 2018">{{cite web |title=Population Estimates By Governorate ( Urban /Rural ) 10/12/2018 |url=https://www.capmas.gov.eg/Pages/StaticPages.aspx?page_id=5035 |website=www.capmas.gov.eg |accessdate=10 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181102023819/https://www.capmas.gov.eg/Pages/StaticPages.aspx?page_id=5035# |archive-date=2018-11-02 |dead-url=no |df= }}</ref>
| population_as_of = Dicember 2018
| population_density_km2 = auto
| time_zone = true
| utc_offset = true
| time_zone_DST = true
| utc_offset_DST = true
| blank_name_sec1 =
| blank_info_sec1 =
| blank1_name_sec1 =
| blank1_info_sec1 =
| blank_name_sec2 =
| blank_info_sec2 =
| capital = [[Zagazig]] (capital)
| website = http://www.sharkia.gov.eg/
| iso_code =
| calling_code =
| footnotes =
}}

'''Sharqia Governorate''' ({{lang-ar|محافظة الشرقية}} ''{{transl|ar|Muḥāfẓet El Sharʔiya}}'', {{IPA-arz|eʃ.ʃæɾˈʔejjæ}}, rural: {{IPA-arz|eʃ.ʃæɾˈɡejje|}}) is the 3rd most populous of the [[governorates of Egypt|governorates]] of [[Egypt]]. Located in the northern part of the country, its capital is the city of [[Zagazig]].

==Overview==
Bilbeis is the former capital of Sharqia. A section of the governorate once was part of the Qalyubia Governorate. There is a strong agriculture industry, poultry and fish farming in Sharqia.<ref name="britannica">{{cite web |title=Al-Sharqiyyah GOVERNORATE, EGYPT |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Al-Sharqiyyah-governorate-Egypt|website=britannica}}</ref>

The rate of poverty is more than 60% in this governorate but recently some social safety networks have been provided in the form of financial assistance and job opportunities. The funding has been coordinated by the [[Ministry of Finance (Egypt)|country's Ministry of Finance]] and with assistance from international organizations.<ref name="Takaful and Karama">{{cite news |title=Social Solidarity Ministry to provide citizens with disabilities financial support |url=https://ww.egyptindependent.com/social-solidarity-ministry-financial-support/?utm_content=bufferba48b&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=buffer |accessdate=11 December 2018 |work=Egypt Independent |date=25 July 2017}}</ref>

==Municipal divisions==
The governorate is divided into the following [[Subdivisions_of_Egypt#Municipal_divisions|municipal divisions]] for administrative purposes, with a total estimated population as of July 2017 of 7,192,355. In some instances there is a markaz and a kism with the same name.<ref name="Population by Subdivision">{{cite web |title= Ash-Sharqiyah Governorates Subdivisions |url= https://www.citypopulation.de/php/egypt-admin.php?adm1id=13 |website= CityPopulation.de |access-date= 2018-11-22 }}</ref><ref name="Gwillim Law">{{cite web |title=Markazes of Egypt |url=http://statoids.com/yeg.html |website=statoids.com |publisher=Gwillim Law |accessdate=26 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019030709/http://statoids.com/yeg.html# |archive-date=2017-10-19 |dead-url=no |df= }}</ref>
{| class="sortable wikitable plainrowheaders"
|+
Municipal Divisions
! Anglicized name !! Native name !! Arabic transliteration !! Population (July 2017 Est.)!! Type
|-
| Abu Hammad ||style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|ar|مركز أبو حماد}} || {{transl|ar|Abū Ḥammād}} || style="text-align:right;"|433,336 || [[Markaz (country subdivision)|Markaz]]
|-
| Abu Kebir ||style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|ar|مركز أبوكبير }}|| {{transl|ar|Abū Kabīr}} || style="text-align:right;"|447,083 || Markaz
|-
|El Husseiniya||style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|ar|مركز الحسينية }}|| {{transl|ar|Al-Ḥusayniyah}} || style="text-align:right;"|373,774 || Markaz
|-
|El Ibrahimiya||style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|ar|مركز الأبراهيمية }}|| {{transl|ar|Al-Ibrāhīmiyah}} || style="text-align:right;"|183,209 || Markaz
|-
|El Qanayat||style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|ar|قسم القنايات }}|| {{transl|ar|Al-Qanāyāt}} || style="text-align:right;"|63,016 || Kism (fully urban)
|-
|El Qurein ||style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|ar|قسم القرين }}|| {{transl|ar|Al-Qurayn}} || style="text-align:right;"|84,358 || Kism (fully urban)
|-
| New Salhia||style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|ar|قسم الصالحية الجديدة }}|| {{transl|ar|Aṣ-Ṣaliḥiyah al-Jadīdah}} || style="text-align:right;"|52,883 || Kism (fully urban)
|-
|Awlad Saqr||style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|ar|مركز أولاد صقر }}|| {{transl|ar|Awlād Ṣaqr}} || style="text-align:right;"|226,973 || Markaz
|-
| Zagazig 1 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|ar|قسم اول الزقازيق }}|| {{transl|ar|Az-Zaqāzīq 1}} || style="text-align:right;"|176,240 || Kism (fully urban)
|-
| Zagazig 2 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|ar|قسم ثان الزقازيق }}|| {{transl|ar|Az-Zaqāzīq 2}} || style="text-align:right;"|207,463 || Kism (fully urban)
|-
| Zagazig ||style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|ar|مركز الزقازيق}} || {{transl|ar|Az-Zaqāzīq}} || style="text-align:right;"|877,977 || Markaz
|-
| Bilbeis ||style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|ar|مركز بلبيس }}|| {{transl|ar|Bilbays}} || style="text-align:right;"|818,029 || Markaz
|-
|Diyarb Negm||style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|ar|مركز ديرب نجم }}|| {{transl|ar|Diyarb Najm}} || style="text-align:right;"|493,043 || Markaz
|-
| Faqous ||style="text-align:right;"|{{lang|ar| قسم فاقوس}} || {{transl|ar|Fāqūs}} || style="text-align:right;"|104,244 || Kism (fully urban)
|-
| Faqous ||style="text-align:right;"|{{lang|ar| مركز فاقوس}} || {{transl|ar|Fāqūs}} || style="text-align:right;"|615,176 || Markaz
|-
|Hihya||style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|ar|مركز ههيا}} || {{transl|ar|Hihyā}} || style="text-align:right;"|299,620 || Markaz
|-
|Kafr Saqr||style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|ar|مركز كفر صقر }}|| {{transl|ar|Kafr Ṣaqr}} || style="text-align:right;"|279,595 || Markaz
|-
| 10th of Ramadan City 1 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|ar|قسم أول مدينة عشرة رمضان }}|| {{transl|ar| Madīnat 'Ashirh min-Ramaḍān 1}} || style="text-align:right;"|74,164 || Kism (fully urban)
|-
| 10th of Ramadan City 2 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|ar|قسم ثان مدينة عشرة رمضان }}|| {{transl|ar|Madīnat 'Ashirh min-Ramaḍān 2}} || style="text-align:right;"|145,278 || Kism (fully urban)
|-
|Mashtool El Souk||style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|ar|مركز مشتول السوق }}|| {{transl|ar|Mashtūl as-Sūq}} || style="text-align:right;"|219,794 || Markaz
|-
|Minya El Qamh||style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|ar|مركز منيا القمح}} || {{transl|ar|Minyā al-Qamḥ}} || style="text-align:right;"|771,987 || Markaz
|-
|[[Minshat Abu Omar]]||style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|ar|مركز منشاه ابوعمر }}|| {{transl|ar|Munshāh Abū 'Umar}} || style="text-align:right;"|86,670 || Markaz
|-
|[[Tanis]]||style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|ar|مركز صان الحجر }}|| {{transl|ar|Ṣān al-Ḥajar}} || style="text-align:right;"|158,443 || Markaz
|}

==Population==
According to population estimates, in 2015 the majority of residents in the governorate lived in rural areas, with an urbanization rate of only 23.1%. Out of an estimated 6,485,412 people residing in the governorate in 2015, 4,987,707 people lived in rural areas and 1,497,705 lived in urban areas.<ref name="pop">{{cite web|title=Population Estimates By Sex & Governorate 1/1/2015|url=http://www.msrintranet.capmas.gov.eg/pdf/EgyptinFigures2015/EgyptinFigures/Tables/PDF/1-%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86/pop.pdf|website=CAPMAS|accessdate=23 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019093240/http://www.msrintranet.capmas.gov.eg/pdf/EgyptinFigures2015/EgyptinFigures/Tables/PDF/1-%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86/pop.pdf#|archive-date=2015-10-19|dead-url=no|df=}}</ref>

==Industrial zones==
According to the Governing Authority for Investment and Free Zones (GAFI) the governorate is home to two industrial zones. They are located in New Salhia, and in 10th of Ramadan.<ref name="IndustrialZones">{{cite web |title=Industrial Zones of Governorate |url=http://www.gafi.gov.eg/English/StartaBusiness/InvestmentZones/Pages/Industrial-Zones.aspx |website=Ministry of Investment Egypt |accessdate=23 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181123201111/http://www.gafi.gov.eg/English/StartaBusiness/InvestmentZones/Pages/Industrial-Zones.aspx# |archive-date=2018-11-23 |dead-url=no |df= }}</ref>

==Cities and towns==
The following cities and towns are located in Sharqia Governorate.
{{anchor|Table}} 
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!Name
!Population
(2006 census)<ref>[https://www.webcitation.org/69vr00TFH?url=http://www.msrintranet.capmas.gov.eg/pls/census/cnsest_a_sex_ama?LANG=1 البيانات السكانية لمدينة أو قرية حسب تقديرات السكان 2006 - محافظة الشرقية.] الجهاز المركزي للتعبئة العامة والإحصاء. تاريخ الوصول: 9 يناير 2016.</ref>
!Location
|-
|align=left|[[10th of Ramadan City|10th of Ramadan]]
|29,601
|{{coord|30.306503|31.741455|name=10th of Ramadan|display=inline}}
|-
|align=left|[[Abu Hammad]]
|36,592
|{{coord|30.544376|31.679831|name=Abu Hammad|display=inline}}
|-
|align=left|[[Abu Kebir]]
|104,100
|{{coord|30.716667|31.666667|name=Abu Kebir|display=inline}}
|-
|align=left|[[Awlad Saqr]]
|19,515
|{{coord|30.9303418|31.6974966|name=Awlad Saqr|display=inline}}
|-
|align=left|[[Bilbeis]]
|141,285
|{{coord|30.416667|31.566667|name=Bilbeis|display=inline}}
|-
|align=left|[[Diyarb Negm]]
|52,611
|{{coord|30.751389|31.457778|name=Diyarb Negm|display=inline}}
|-
|align=left|[[El Husseiniya]]
|29,565
|{{coord|30.8610931|31.919806|name=El Husseiniya|display=inline}}
|-
|align=left|[[El Ibrahimiya]]
|35,022
|{{coord|30.7183986|31.5630861|name=El Ibrahimiya|display=inline}}
|-
|align=left|[[El Qurein]]
|64,559
|{{coord|30.601771|31.744135|name=El Qurein|display=inline}}
|-
|align=left|[[Faqous]]
|73,081
|{{coord|30.733333|31.8|name=Faqous|display=inline}}
|-
|align=left|[[Hihya]]
|43,672
|{{coord|30.668702|31.5904|name=Hihya|display=inline}}
|-
|align=left|[[Kafr Saqr]]
|30,004
|{{coord|30.796389|31.626111|name=Kafr Saqr|display=inline}}
|-
|align=left|[[Mashtool El Souk]]
|47,153
|{{coord|30.360556|31.3775|name=Mashtool El Souk|display=inline}}
|-
|align=left|[[Minya El Qamh]]
|67,450
|{{coord|30.515278|31.346111|name=Minya El Qamh|display=inline}}
|-
|align=left|[[El Salheya El Gedida]]
|9,350
|{{coord|30.629774|31.941019|name=New Salhia|display=inline}}
|-
|align=left|[[Zagazig]]*
|318,393
|{{coord|30.566667|31.5|name=Zagazig}}
|}

==Notable people==
* [[El-Said Badawi]], sociolinguist
* [[Mohamed Morsi]], former President of Egypt
* [[Ahmed Shafik]], former Prime Minister of Egypt and Presidential Candidate for [[Egyptian presidential election, 2012]]
* [[Abaza Family|Abaza family]], the largest family in Sharqia and Egypt's largest family of Circassian origin. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.albawabhnews.com/482311#.UzL6117RRaw.facebook |title=Families who rule Egypt: 1. The Abazas, family of bashas (in Arabic) |access-date=2015-12-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151128033510/http://www.albawabhnews.com/482311#.UzL6117RRaw.facebook#.UzL6117RRaw.facebook |archive-date=2015-11-28 |dead-url=no |df= }}</ref><ref name="daharchives.alhayat.com">{{cite web|title=Arab or Circassian? Or a mix of both? (in Arabic)|url=http://daharchives.alhayat.com/issue_archive/Hayat%20INT/1998/9/28/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%94%D9%85-%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%94%D9%85-%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B7-%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%94%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%94%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81-%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B0%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%8B-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9.html|website=al-Hayat|access-date=2015-12-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161227192411/http://daharchives.alhayat.com/issue_archive/Hayat%20INT/1998/9/28/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%94%D9%85-%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%94%D9%85-%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B7-%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%94%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%94%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81-%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B0%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%8B-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9.html#|archive-date=2016-12-27|dead-url=yes|df=}}</ref>
* [[Ahmed Subhy Mansour]], founder of the Quranist movement
* [[Abdel Halim Hafez]], popular singer and actor
* [[Miral al-Tahawy]], award-winning Bedouin novelist
* [[Yusuf Abu Rayya]], award-winning novelist
* [[Husayn Fawzi Alnajjar|Husayn Fawzi Al Najjar]], political historian and Islamic scholar
* [[Magdi Yacoub]], professor of cardiothoracic surgery at the National Heart and Lung Institute
* [[Sama El Masry]], actress, belly dancer, and activist
* [[Ahmed Fouad Negm]], Egyptian vernacular poet
* [[Rushdy Abaza]], actor
* [[Fekry Pasha Abaza]], journalist and political activist
* [[Ahmed 'Urabi]], the leader of the 1881 nationalist uprising against the British
* [[Hamada Helal]], Egyptian singer
* [[Emad Moteab]], Egptian footballer
* Ahmad Salem, Egyptian actor, pilot and engineer

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.elwatannews.com/subsection/161 El Watan News of Sharqia Governorate]

{{Governorates of Egypt}}

[[Category:Sharqia Governorate| ]]
[[Category:Governorates of Egypt]]

{{Egypt-geo-stub}}

Zagazig

2018-12-12T00:34:01Z

2.235.238.168:

{{Distinguish|Zigzag}}
{{Refimprove|date=October 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2012}}
{{Infobox settlement

| name = Zagazig
| native_name = الزقازيق
| other_name =
| settlement_type =
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
| photo1a = Egypt Zagazig Stadium Nov-2006.jpg
| photo1b = محافظة_الشرقية_-_الزقازيق_-_مسجد_القدس_عند_أول_طريق_المنصورة.jpg
| photo2a = Alfath.Mosq.In.Zagazig مسجد الفتح بالزقازيق 2014-09-29 0137 DSCN0142.JPG
| photo2b = محافظة الشرقية - الزقازيق - ساعة محطة القطارات.jpg
| size = 280
| spacing = 2
| color = transparent
| border = 0
}}
| image_caption = Overview of Zagazig
| image_flag =
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| motto = 
| image_map =
| mapsize =
| map_caption =
|pushpin_map = Egypt
|pushpin_label_position = left
|pushpin_relief = yes
|pushpin_mapsize =
|pushpin_map_caption = Location within Egypt
| coordinates = {{coord|30|34|N|31|30|E|region:EG|display=inline}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Egypt}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Governorates of Egypt|Governorate]]
| subdivision_type2 =
| subdivision_type3 =
| subdivision_name1 = [[Sharqia Governorate|Sharqia]]
| subdivision_name2 =
| subdivision_name3 =
| established_title = Founded
| established_date = 1830
| government_footnotes =
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| area_footnotes =
| area_magnitude =
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| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m =
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| population_total = 529200
| population_as_of = 2018
| population_footnotes =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_sq_mi =
| population_metro =
| population_density_metro_km2 =
| population_density_metro_sq_mi =
| population_blank1_title = Ethnicities
| population_blank1 =
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| population_note =
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code =
| area_code = +(20) 55
| website =
| footnotes = |
| timezone = [[Eastern European Time|EET]]
| utc_offset = +2
| timezone_DST =
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'''Zagazig''' ({{lang-ar|الزقازيق}} ''{{transl|ar|ALA|az-Zaqāzīq}}''  {{IPA-arz|ez.zæʔæˈziːʔ}}, rural: {{IPA-arz|ez.zæɡæˈziːɡ|}}, {{Lang-cop|ⲡⲟⲩⲃⲁⲥϯ}}) is a city in [[Lower Egypt]]. Situated in the eastern part of the [[Nile]] delta, it is the capital of the [[governorates of Egypt|governorate]] of [[Al Sharqia Governorate|Sharqia]].

In 1999, its population was approximately 279,000, which increased to 529100 in 2018. It is built on a branch of the [[Sweet Water Canal]] and on al-Muˤizz Canal (the ancient Tanaitic channel of the [[Nile]]), and is 47 miles by rail north-northeast of [[Cairo]]. Situated on the [[Nile Delta]] in the midst of a fertile district, Zagazig is a centre of the cotton and grain trade of Egypt. It has large cotton factories and used to have offices of numerous [[Europe]]an merchants.

It is located on the Muweis Canal and is the chief hub of the corn and cotton trade. There is a museum of antiquities, the Sharkeya National Museum (sometimes called the Amed Orabi Museum, at Herriat Raznah) that contains many important archaeological exhibits (currently closed for restoration).<ref>Catalogue: Mohamed I. Bakr, Helmut Brandl, Faye Kalloniatis (eds.): Egyptian Antiquities from the Eastern Nile Delta. ʾĀṯār misrīya (Museums in the Nile Delta. Vol. 2). Opaion, Cairo/ Berlin 2014, {{ISBN|978-3-00-045318-2}}.</ref>

[[Zagazig University]], one of the largest universities in Egypt, is also located in the city, with colleges in different fields of science and arts. The [https://web.archive.org/web/20150117234941/http://www.project-min.de/museums_Zagazig_1_en.html Archaeological Museum of the University of Zagazig] exhibits significant finds from the nearby sites, Bubastis (Tell Basta) and Kufur Nigm.<ref>Catalogue: M. I. Bakr, H. Brandl, F. Kalloniatis (eds.): Egyptian Antiquities from Kufur Nigm and Bubastis. ʾĀṯār misrīya (Museums in the Nile Delta. Vol. 1). Opaion, Cairo/ Berlin 2010, {{ISBN|978-3-00-033509-9}}.</ref> Also there is a branch for [[Al-Azhar University]], the largest [[Islamic]] university in the world.

Zagazig is the birthplace of famous [[Copt]]ic Egyptian journalist, philosopher and social critic, [[Salama Moussa]].

The most notable streets in zagazig are Farouk st, Government st and El kawmia st.

==History==
The ruins of the [[ancient Egypt]]ian city of [[Bubastis]] are located {{convert|3|km}} southeast of town. Bubastis was the ancient capital of the 18th [[nome (Egypt)|nome]], and is home to the feast celebrating the cat goddess [[Bastet]].

Bubastis is the [[Greek language|Greek]] version of the [[Egyptian language]] name ''[[Pr (hieroglyph)|Pr]]-Bastet'' "House [Temple] of Bastet". Bubastis became the capital of Egypt in the [[Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt|22nd]] and [[Twenty-third Dynasty of Egypt|23rd Dynasties]]. There are remains of the temples built by [[Osorkon II]] and [[Nectanebo II]]. Catacombs where the sacred cats were buried are located behind an [[Old Kingdom of Egypt|Old Kingdom]] chapel remains that are from the period of [[Pepi I Meryre]].

==Entertainment==

Zagazig has plenty of entertainment locations, varying from clubs, cinemas, global restaurants, and malls where you and your family and friends can spend good time.
Most prominent clubs are Sharkia club, El-Masrya Plaza, and typically all professions syndicates offer entertainment clubs.
Most prominent cinemas are Good News and El-Osra.
Most prominent global restaurants are MacDonald and KFC.

==Climate==
[[Köppen-Geiger climate classification system]] classifies its climate as [[hot desert climate|hot desert]] (BWh), as the [[climate of Egypt|rest of Egypt]].

{{Weather box
|metric first=yes
|single line=yes
|location= Zagazig
|Jan high C=17.9
|Feb high C=19.4
|Mar high C=22.7
|Apr high C=26.9
|May high C=31.2
|Jun high C=33.6
|Jul high C=33.6
|Aug high C=33.5
|Sep high C=31.4
|Oct high C=29.3
|Nov high C=24.5
|Dec high C=19.8

|Jan mean C=11.9
|Feb mean C=13
|Mar mean C=15.7
|Apr mean C=19.2
|May mean C=23.2
|Jun mean C=26
|Jul mean C=26.9
|Aug mean C=26.8
|Sep mean C=24.7
|Oct mean C=22.6
|Nov mean C=18.8
|Dec mean C=13.9

|Jan low C=5.9
|Feb low C=6.8
|Mar low C=8.8
|Apr low C=11.6
|May low C=15.2
|Jun low C=18.4
|Jul low C=20.2
|Aug low C=20.1
|Sep low C=18
|Oct low C=16
|Nov low C=13.2
|Dec low C=8

|Jan precipitation mm=8
|Feb precipitation mm=4
|Mar precipitation mm=4
|Apr precipitation mm=2
|May precipitation mm=2
|Jun precipitation mm=0
|Jul precipitation mm=0
|Aug precipitation mm=0
|Sep precipitation mm=0
|Oct precipitation mm=2
|Nov precipitation mm=5
|Dec precipitation mm=6

|source 1= ''Climate-Data.org''<ref>{{cite web|title=Climate: Al-Zaqaziq - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table|url=http://en.climate-data.org/location/3674/|publisher=Climate-Data.org|accessdate=13 August 2013}}</ref>
}}

==Notable people==

* [[Abaza family]], the largest family in Sharqia and Egypt's largest Circassian community. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.albawabhnews.com/482311#.UzL6117RRaw.facebook|title=عائلات تحكم مصر.. 1 ـ 'الأباظية' عائلة الباشوات|website=Albawabhnews.com|accessdate=15 October 2017}}</ref><ref name="daharchives.alhayat.com">{{Cite web |url=http://daharchives.alhayat.com/issue_archive/Hayat%20INT/1998/9/28/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%94%D9%85-%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%94%D9%85-%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B7-%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%94%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%94%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81-%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B0%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%8B-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=6 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161227192411/http://daharchives.alhayat.com/issue_archive/Hayat%20INT/1998/9/28/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%94%D9%85-%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%94%D9%85-%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B7-%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%94%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%94%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81-%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B0%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%8B-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9.html |archive-date=27 December 2016 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
* [[Abdelhalim Hafez]], Egyptian singer and actor
* [[Ahmed Orabi]], colonel who led the revolt against the British in 1882
* [[Carmen Suleiman]], singer
* [[Mohamed Morsi]], the fifth president of Egypt
* [[Salama Moussa]], [[Copt]]ic Egyptian journalist, philosopher and social critic
* [[Ahmed Zaki (actor)|Ahmed Zaki]], actor
* [[John Traicos]], International cricketer of [[Greeks|Greek]] origin
*[[Rushdy Abaza]], actor
*[[Fekry Pasha Abaza]], journalist and political activist

==See also==
* [[List of cities and towns in Egypt]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://lexicorient.com/egypt/zagazig.htm LookLex: Egypt: Zagazig]
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Zagazig}}

{{Coord|30|34|N|31|30|E|region:EG_type:city|display=title}}

{{Governorates capital of Egypt}}
{{Egyptian Cities}}

{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Zagazig| ]]
[[Category:Governorate capitals in Egypt]]
[[Category:Populated places in Sharqia Governorate]]
[[Category:Nile Delta]]

Bilbeis

2018-12-12T00:31:26Z

2.235.238.168:

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Bilbeis
| native_name = {{lang|ar|بلبيس‎}}
| other_name =
| settlement_type = [[List of cities and towns in Egypt|City]]
| image_skyline = Belbeis (2).jpg
| imagesize = 275px
| image_caption =
| image_flag =
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|pushpin_label_position = left
|pushpin_relief = yes
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|pushpin_map_caption = Location within Egypt
| coordinates = {{coord|30|25|18|N|31|33|33|E|region:EG|display=inline}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Egypt}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Governorates of Egypt|Governorate]]
| subdivision_type2 =
| subdivision_type3 =
| subdivision_name1 = [[Sharqia Governorate]]
| subdivision_name2 =
| subdivision_name3 =
| established_title = 
| established_date = 
| government_footnotes =
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| elevation_m = 4
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| population_total = 407300
| population_as_of = 2018
| population_footnotes =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_sq_mi =
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| population_blank1_title = Ethnicities
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| timezone = [[Eastern European Time|EET]]
| utc_offset = +2
| timezone_DST =
| utc_offset_DST =
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| blank1_name =
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}}

'''Bilbeis''' ({{lang-ar|بلبيس}}  {{IPA-ar|belˈbeːs|pron}}; Bohairic {{lang-cop|Ⲫⲉⲗⲃⲉⲥ/Ⲫⲉⲗⲃⲏⲥ}} ''{{transl|cop|Phelbes/Phelbēs}}'') is an ancient [[fortress]] city on the eastern edge of the southern [[Nile delta]] in [[Egypt]], the site of the Ancient city and former bishopric of '''Phelbes''' and a Latin Catholic [[titular see]].

The city is small in size but densely populated, with over 407300 residents. It also houses the [[Egyptian Air Academy|Egyptian Air Force Academy]] complex, which contains the town's largest public school in Al-Zafer.
The mosque of Sadat Qureish, which is the oldest mosque in Egypt, and perhaps the entirety of Africa, is located in Belbeis.<ref>*http://www.egypttourinfo.com/belbeis.html</ref>

== History ==
The city was important enough in the [[Roman province]] of [[Augustamnica Secunda]] to become a bishopric.

The city played a role in the machinations for control of the [[Fatimid]] [[vizier]]ate: first in 1164, when [[Shirkuh]] was besieged in the city by the combined forces of [[Shawar]] and crusader king [[Amalric I of Jerusalem]] for three months; then again in 1168 when the city was assaulted again by Amalric's army, who took the city after three days on 4 November and indiscriminately killed the inhabitants. This [[Wiktionary:atrocity|atrocity]] angered the [[Copts|Coptic Egyptians]], who had seen the [[Crusade]]rs as deliverers but had suffered as much as the [[Muslim]] inhabitants of Bilbeis. The Copts ended their support of the Crusaders and united with their non-Christian neighbors against the foreigners. (See [[Crusader invasion of Egypt]].)

In 1798, its [[fortification]]s were rebuilt at the order of [[Napoleon]].

==Ecclesiastical history==
The bishopric, a [[suffragan]] of the Metropolitan of provincial capital [[Leontopolis]], faded.

=== Titular see ===
The diocese of Phelbes was nominally restored in 1933 as a Latin Catholic [[titular bishopric]].

It has had the following incumbents, all of the lowest (episcopal) rank :
* Enrico van Schingen, [[Jesuits]] (S.J.) (1936-12-17 – 1954-07-02)
* Antoine Henri van den Hurk, [[Capuchin Franciscans]] (O.F.M. Cap.) (1955-01-01 – 1961-01-03) as [[Apostolic Vicar]] of [[Apostolic Vicariate of Medan|Medan]] (Indonesia) (1955-01-01 – 1961-01-03), promoted first Metropolitan Archbishop of Medan (1961-01-03 – 1976-05-24)
* Walmor Battú Wichrowski (1961-05-31 – 1971-05-27) & (1972-11-16 – 2001-10-31)
* Airton José dos Santos (2001-12-19 – 2004-08-04) as [[Auxiliary Bishop]] of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Santo André|Santo André]] (Brazil) (2001-12-19 – 2004-08-04), later Bishop of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Mogi das Cruzes|Mogi das Cruzes]] (Brazil) (2004-08-04 – 2012-02-15), Metropolitan Archbishop of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Campinas|Campinas]] (Brazil) (2012-02-15 – ... )
* Javier Augusto del Río Alba (2004-10-12 – 2006-07-11) as Auxiliary Bishop of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Callao|Callao]] (Peru) (2004-10-12 – 2006-07-11), [[Coadjutor Archbishop]] of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Arequipa|Arequipa]] (Peru) (2006-07-11 – 2006-10-20), succeeding as Metropolitan Archbishop of Arequipa (2006-10-20 – ... ), Second Vice-President of Episcopal Conference of Peru (January 2012 – ... )
* Janusz Wiesław Kaleta (2006-09-15 – 2011-02-05)
* [[Daniel Fernando Sturla Berhouet]], [[Salesians]] (S.D.B.) (2011-12-10 – 2014-02-11) as Auxiliary Bishop of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Montevideo|Montevideo]] (Uruguay) (2011-12-10 – 2014-02-11), succeeded as Metropolitan Archbishop of Montevideo (2014-02-11 – ... ), created [[Cardinal-Priest]] of [[S. Galla]] (2015-02-14 [2015-05-17] – ... )
* Jorge Ángel Saldía Pedraza, [[Dominican Order]] (O.P.) (2014-03-25 – ... ), [[Auxiliary Bishop]] of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of La Paz|La Paz]] (Bolivia)

{{Coord|30|25|N|31|34|E|region:EG_type:city|display=title}}

== Climate ==
Bilbeis is classified by [[Köppen-Geiger climate classification system]] as [[hot desert climate|hot desert]] (BWh),<ref name="Climate-Data.org"/> as the [[climate of Egypt|rest of Egypt]].

{{Weather box
|location = Bilbeis
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|Jan high C = 18.7
|Feb high C = 20
|Mar high C = 23.7
|Apr high C = 27.9
|May high C = 31.7
|Jun high C = 34.5
|Jul high C = 34.2
|Aug high C = 34.1
|Sep high C = 31.8
|Oct high C = 30.1
|Nov high C = 25.3
|Dec high C = 21

|Jan mean C=13.1
|Feb mean C=13.8
|Mar mean C=16.8
|Apr mean C=20.2
|May mean C=23.9
|Jun mean C=27
|Jul mean C=27.5
|Aug mean C=27.6
|Sep mean C=25.3
|Oct mean C=23.4
|Nov mean C=19.8
|Dec mean C=15.1

|Jan low C = 7.5
|Feb low C = 7.7
|Mar low C = 10
|Apr low C = 12.6
|May low C = 16.1
|Jun low C = 19.5
|Jul low C = 20.9
|Aug low C = 21.2
|Sep low C = 18.9
|Oct low C = 16.8
|Nov low C = 14.3
|Dec low C = 9.2

|Jan precipitation mm = 7
|Feb precipitation mm = 3
|Mar precipitation mm = 3
|Apr precipitation mm = 1
|May precipitation mm = 1
|Jun precipitation mm = 0
|Jul precipitation mm = 0
|Aug precipitation mm = 0
|Sep precipitation mm = 0
|Oct precipitation mm = 2
|Nov precipitation mm = 4
|Dec precipitation mm = 4

|source 1 = ''Climate-Data.org''<ref name="Climate-Data.org">{{cite web| url= http://en.climate-data.org/location/50417/ | title= Climate: Bilbeis - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table | accessdate= 13 August 2013 | publisher= Climate-Data.org }}</ref>
}}

== See also ==
* [[List of cities in Egypt]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}
*[[Hamilton Gibb|Gibb, Sir Hamilton]] (2006). ''The Life of Saladin''. Oxford University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-86356-928-9}}.

== External links ==
{{commonscatinline}}
* [http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/former/t0771.htm GigaCatholic with titular incumbent biography links]

{{Egyptian Cities}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}

[[Category:Populated places in Sharqia Governorate]]
[[Category:Nile Delta]]
[[Category:Cities in Egypt]]

Bilbeis

2018-12-12T00:30:37Z

2.235.238.168:

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Bilbeis
| native_name = {{lang|ar|بلبيس‎}}
| other_name =
| settlement_type = [[List of cities and towns in Egypt|City]]
| image_skyline = Belbeis (2).jpg
| imagesize = 275px
| image_caption =
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| mapsize =
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|pushpin_map = Egypt
|pushpin_label_position = left
|pushpin_relief = yes
|pushpin_mapsize =
|pushpin_map_caption = Location within Egypt
| coordinates = {{coord|30|25|18|N|31|33|33|E|region:EG|display=inline}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Egypt}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Governorates of Egypt|Governorate]]
| subdivision_type2 =
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| subdivision_name1 = [[Sharqia Governorate]]
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| elevation_m = 4
| elevation_ft = 
| population_total = 407300
| population_as_of = 2018
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| population_density_km2 = auto
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| population_blank1_title = Ethnicities
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| timezone = [[Eastern European Time|EET]]
| utc_offset = +2
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'''Bilbeis''' ({{lang-ar|بلبيس}}  {{IPA-ar|belˈbeːs|pron}}; Bohairic {{lang-cop|Ⲫⲉⲗⲃⲉⲥ/Ⲫⲉⲗⲃⲏⲥ}} ''{{transl|cop|Phelbes/Phelbēs}}'') is an ancient [[fortress]] city on the eastern edge of the southern [[Nile delta]] in [[Egypt]], the site of the Ancient city and former bishopric of '''Phelbes''' and a Latin Catholic [[titular see]].

The city is small in size but densely populated, with over 300,000 residents. It also houses the [[Egyptian Air Academy|Egyptian Air Force Academy]] complex, which contains the town's largest public school in Al-Zafer.
The mosque of Sadat Qureish, which is the oldest mosque in Egypt, and perhaps the entirety of Africa, is located in Belbeis.<ref>*http://www.egypttourinfo.com/belbeis.html</ref>

== History ==
The city was important enough in the [[Roman province]] of [[Augustamnica Secunda]] to become a bishopric.

The city played a role in the machinations for control of the [[Fatimid]] [[vizier]]ate: first in 1164, when [[Shirkuh]] was besieged in the city by the combined forces of [[Shawar]] and crusader king [[Amalric I of Jerusalem]] for three months; then again in 1168 when the city was assaulted again by Amalric's army, who took the city after three days on 4 November and indiscriminately killed the inhabitants. This [[Wiktionary:atrocity|atrocity]] angered the [[Copts|Coptic Egyptians]], who had seen the [[Crusade]]rs as deliverers but had suffered as much as the [[Muslim]] inhabitants of Bilbeis. The Copts ended their support of the Crusaders and united with their non-Christian neighbors against the foreigners. (See [[Crusader invasion of Egypt]].)

In 1798, its [[fortification]]s were rebuilt at the order of [[Napoleon]].

==Ecclesiastical history==
The bishopric, a [[suffragan]] of the Metropolitan of provincial capital [[Leontopolis]], faded.

=== Titular see ===
The diocese of Phelbes was nominally restored in 1933 as a Latin Catholic [[titular bishopric]].

It has had the following incumbents, all of the lowest (episcopal) rank :
* Enrico van Schingen, [[Jesuits]] (S.J.) (1936-12-17 – 1954-07-02)
* Antoine Henri van den Hurk, [[Capuchin Franciscans]] (O.F.M. Cap.) (1955-01-01 – 1961-01-03) as [[Apostolic Vicar]] of [[Apostolic Vicariate of Medan|Medan]] (Indonesia) (1955-01-01 – 1961-01-03), promoted first Metropolitan Archbishop of Medan (1961-01-03 – 1976-05-24)
* Walmor Battú Wichrowski (1961-05-31 – 1971-05-27) & (1972-11-16 – 2001-10-31)
* Airton José dos Santos (2001-12-19 – 2004-08-04) as [[Auxiliary Bishop]] of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Santo André|Santo André]] (Brazil) (2001-12-19 – 2004-08-04), later Bishop of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Mogi das Cruzes|Mogi das Cruzes]] (Brazil) (2004-08-04 – 2012-02-15), Metropolitan Archbishop of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Campinas|Campinas]] (Brazil) (2012-02-15 – ... )
* Javier Augusto del Río Alba (2004-10-12 – 2006-07-11) as Auxiliary Bishop of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Callao|Callao]] (Peru) (2004-10-12 – 2006-07-11), [[Coadjutor Archbishop]] of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Arequipa|Arequipa]] (Peru) (2006-07-11 – 2006-10-20), succeeding as Metropolitan Archbishop of Arequipa (2006-10-20 – ... ), Second Vice-President of Episcopal Conference of Peru (January 2012 – ... )
* Janusz Wiesław Kaleta (2006-09-15 – 2011-02-05)
* [[Daniel Fernando Sturla Berhouet]], [[Salesians]] (S.D.B.) (2011-12-10 – 2014-02-11) as Auxiliary Bishop of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Montevideo|Montevideo]] (Uruguay) (2011-12-10 – 2014-02-11), succeeded as Metropolitan Archbishop of Montevideo (2014-02-11 – ... ), created [[Cardinal-Priest]] of [[S. Galla]] (2015-02-14 [2015-05-17] – ... )
* Jorge Ángel Saldía Pedraza, [[Dominican Order]] (O.P.) (2014-03-25 – ... ), [[Auxiliary Bishop]] of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of La Paz|La Paz]] (Bolivia)

{{Coord|30|25|N|31|34|E|region:EG_type:city|display=title}}

== Climate ==
Bilbeis is classified by [[Köppen-Geiger climate classification system]] as [[hot desert climate|hot desert]] (BWh),<ref name="Climate-Data.org"/> as the [[climate of Egypt|rest of Egypt]].

{{Weather box
|location = Bilbeis
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|Jan high C = 18.7
|Feb high C = 20
|Mar high C = 23.7
|Apr high C = 27.9
|May high C = 31.7
|Jun high C = 34.5
|Jul high C = 34.2
|Aug high C = 34.1
|Sep high C = 31.8
|Oct high C = 30.1
|Nov high C = 25.3
|Dec high C = 21

|Jan mean C=13.1
|Feb mean C=13.8
|Mar mean C=16.8
|Apr mean C=20.2
|May mean C=23.9
|Jun mean C=27
|Jul mean C=27.5
|Aug mean C=27.6
|Sep mean C=25.3
|Oct mean C=23.4
|Nov mean C=19.8
|Dec mean C=15.1

|Jan low C = 7.5
|Feb low C = 7.7
|Mar low C = 10
|Apr low C = 12.6
|May low C = 16.1
|Jun low C = 19.5
|Jul low C = 20.9
|Aug low C = 21.2
|Sep low C = 18.9
|Oct low C = 16.8
|Nov low C = 14.3
|Dec low C = 9.2

|Jan precipitation mm = 7
|Feb precipitation mm = 3
|Mar precipitation mm = 3
|Apr precipitation mm = 1
|May precipitation mm = 1
|Jun precipitation mm = 0
|Jul precipitation mm = 0
|Aug precipitation mm = 0
|Sep precipitation mm = 0
|Oct precipitation mm = 2
|Nov precipitation mm = 4
|Dec precipitation mm = 4

|source 1 = ''Climate-Data.org''<ref name="Climate-Data.org">{{cite web| url= http://en.climate-data.org/location/50417/ | title= Climate: Bilbeis - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table | accessdate= 13 August 2013 | publisher= Climate-Data.org }}</ref>
}}

== See also ==
* [[List of cities in Egypt]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}
*[[Hamilton Gibb|Gibb, Sir Hamilton]] (2006). ''The Life of Saladin''. Oxford University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-86356-928-9}}.

== External links ==
{{commonscatinline}}
* [http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/former/t0771.htm GigaCatholic with titular incumbent biography links]

{{Egyptian Cities}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}

[[Category:Populated places in Sharqia Governorate]]
[[Category:Nile Delta]]
[[Category:Cities in Egypt]]