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Order of Saints George and Constantine

2024-01-31T21:32:17Z

46.190.9.224:

{{Short description|Greek royal order of chivalry}}
{{Other uses|Order of St. George (disambiguation)}}
{{unreferenced|date=May 2014}}
{{Infobox order
|title=Royal Family Order of Saints George and Constantine Τάγμα των Αγίων Γεωργίου και Κωνσταντίνου
|image=[[File:Order of SS. George and Constantine.png|200px]]
|caption=Star and Grand Cross of the Order of Saints George and Constantine
|awarded_by=the head of the [[Greek royal family]]
|type=[[Order (decoration)|Order]]
|motto=''ΙΣΧΥΣ ΜΟΥ, Η ΑΓΑΠΗ ΤΟΥ ΛΑΟΥ''
|for=At the monarch's pleasure and personal services to the Crown
|status=Not awarded as a Greek order since 1973, but still awarded by the Greek royal family
|date=January 1936
|first_induction = 1936 [[George II of Greece|King George II of Greece]]
|last_induction = 2012 [[Prince Philippos of Greece and Denmark]]
|grades=Grand Cross Grand Commander Commander Knight's Gold Cross Knight's Silver Cross
|higher=[[Order of the Redeemer|Royal Order of the Redeemer]]
|same=[[Order of Saints Olga and Sophia|Royal Order of Saints Olga and Sophia]]
|lower=[[Order of George I|Royal Order of George I]]
|image2=[[Image:Royal Order of Saints George and Constantine ribbon.svg|120px]]
|caption2=Ribbon of the Order of Saints George and Constantine
}}

The '''Royal Family Order of Saints George and Constantine''' ({{lang-el|Βασιλικόν Οἰκογενειακόν Τάγμα Ἁγίων Γεωργίου καὶ Κωνσταντίνου|Vasilikon Oikogeneiakon Tagma Agion Georgiou kai Konstantinou}}) was an [[Order (decoration)|order]] of the [[Greek royal family]]. For the duration of its existence, it has been the second highest decoration awarded by the modern Greek state and the Greek crown, after the [[Order of the Redeemer]]. It was instituted in January 1936 by [[George II of Greece|King George II]] in the memory of his grandfather ([[George I of Greece|King George I]]) and his father ([[Constantine I of Greece|King Constantine I]]). The order is awarded only to men, while the corresponding [[Order of Saints Olga and Sophia]] is reserved for women. The order's design was influenced by the royal family's Danish origin, evoking the appearance of the [[Order of the Dannebrog]]. The order is not awarded since 1975 by the Greek state after the [[metapolitefsi|abolition of monarchy]] and today is awarded only by the Greek Royal Family.

== Grades ==
[[File:Order of SS. George and Constantine (collar).png|thumb|Collar of the Order of Saints George and Constantine, featuring Byzantine [[double-headed eagle]]s, the lions and hearts of the [[coat of arms of Denmark]], and the [[royal cypher]]s of Kings George I and Constantine I.]]
The Order has six classes:

*''Collar'' ('Περιδέραιον') - wears the badge of the Order on a chain round the neck and the distinctive star of the Order on the left chest;
*''Grand Cross'' ('Μεγαλόσταυρος') - wears the badge of the Order on a collar or on a sash on the right shoulder, and the star of the Order on the left chest;
*''Grand Commander'' ('Ανώτερος Ταξιάρχης') - wears the badge and the star of the Order on the right chest;
*''Commander'' ('Ταξιάρχης') - wears the badge of the Order on a necklet;
*''Gold Cross'' ('Χρυσούς Σταυρός') - wears the badge on a ribbon on the left chest;
*''Silver Cross'' ('Αργυρούς Σταυρός') - wears the badge on a ribbon on the left chest.

== External links ==

{{Commons category-inline|Order of Saints George and Constantine}}
* [http://www.greekroyalfamily.gr/images/stories/eggrafa_afieromata/ROYAL20ORDERS20ENG.pdf The Greek Royal Orders]
* George J. Beldecos, "Hellenic Orders, Decorations and Medals", pub. Hellenic War Museum, Athens 1991, {{ISBN|960-85054-0-2}}.
{{Kingdom of Greece}}
{{Honors and decorations of Greece}}
{{Greek orders timeline}}

[[Category:Order of Saints George and Constantine| ]]
[[Category:Orders, decorations, and medals of Greece|Saints George and Constantine]]
[[Category:1936 establishments in Greece]]
[[Category:Awards established in 1936]]
[[Category:Orders of chivalry awarded to heads of state, consorts and sovereign family members|Saints George and Constantine]]

Order of Beneficence

2024-01-31T21:29:28Z

46.190.9.224:

{{Short description|Order of chivalry in Greece}}
{{Lead missing|date=November 2023}}

==Royal Order==

{{Infobox order
|title = Order of Beneficence Τάγμα της Ευποιΐας
|image = [[Image:Medal-3.1popup.jpg|200px]]
|caption = Grand Cross and Star of the Order of Beneficence
|awarded_by = {{flagicon|Kingdom of Greece}} the [[Greek Royal Family|Head of the Royal House of Greece]]
|type = [[Order (decoration)|Order]]
|head_title = Sovereign
|head = [[Pavlos, Crown Prince of Greece|Crown Prince Pavlos]]
|head2_title = Grand Mistress
|head2 = [[Marie-Chantal, Crown Princess of Greece|Crown Princess Marie-Chantal]]
|motto = ''ΕΥΠΟΙΪΑ''
|eligibility = Only for women
|for = Distinguished services to Greece and in the public sphere
|status = rarely constituted
|date = 7 May 1948
|grades = Dame Grand Cross Dame Grand Officer Dame Commander Dame Officer Dame
|higher=[[Order of the Phoenix (Greece)|Order of the Phoenix]]
|lower=-
|image2=[[File:GRE Order of Beneficence - Silver Cross BAR.svg|85px|]]
|caption2=Ribbon bar of the Order of Beneficence
}}

The '''Royal Order of Beneficence''' ({{lang-el|Τάγμα της Ευποιΐας}}) is an [[Order (decoration)|order of knighthood]] of the [[Greek Royal Family]] that was established in 1948 by [[Paul of Greece|King Pavlos I]], following the death of [[King George II of Greece]], in accordance with his wishes.

It is conferred by the Head of the Royal House of Greece as a dynastic Decoration for women especially, [[Greek people|Greek]] and [[Alien (law)|foreign]], for the good services they have rendered to the [[Fatherland]] in the field of [[Charitable organization|charity]] as well as for their performance in the [[art]]s and [[Literature|letters]]. The fact that the order is awarded to women does {{em|not}} mean that the other Greek decorations are awarded exclusively to men.

After the abolition of the [[Kingdom of Greece]] and its replacement by the [[Greece|Third Hellenic Republic]], all orders and decorations of knighthood were disbanded as state orders (although retained as dynastic [[house order]]s by the Greek Royal Family) and replaced by republican versions of the orders of knighthood, including this order which is currently awarded by the two entities but as separate orders with their own statutes.

===Grades of the Royal Order===

The Order has five grades:
*Dame Grand Cross - wears the badge on a sash from the right shoulder, plus the star on the left chest;
*Dame Grand Officer - wears the badge on a bow, plus the star on the right chest;
*Dame Commander - wears the badge on an elongated ribbon bow (day and evening dress) and wears a [[necklet]] (uniform)
*Dame Officer - wears the badge suspended on a ribbon bow on the left chest;
*Dame - wears a smaller badge suspended on a ribbon bow on the left chest.

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center; width:70%;"
! colspan=5 | Ribbon bars
|-style="vertical-align:top;"
|width=20%|[[Image:GRE Order of Beneficence - Grand Cross BAR.svg|80px|center]]Dame Grand Cross
|width=20%|[[Image:GRE Order of Beneficence - Grand Commander BAR.svg|80px|center]]Dame Grand Officer
|width=20%|[[Image:GRE Order of Beneficence - Commander BAR.svg|80px|center]]Dame Commander
|width=20%|[[Image:GRE Order of Beneficence - Gold Cross BAR.svg|80px|center]]Dame Officer
|width=20%|[[Image:GRE Order of Beneficence - Silver Cross BAR.svg|80px|center]]Dame
|}

===Recipients===

====Dames Grand Cross====

* {{flagicon|Kingdom of Bulgaria}}: [[Queen Margarita of Bulgaria|Queen Margarita]]
* {{flagicon|Kingdom of Egypt}}: [[Farida of Egypt|Princess Farida Zulficar]]
* {{flag|Jordan}}: [[Princess Muna al-Hussein|Princess Muna Gardiner]]
* {{flag|Liechtenstein}}: [[Countess Georgina von Wilczek|Princess Georgina]]
* {{flag|Monaco}}: [[Grace Kelly|Princess Grace]]
* {{flag|Thailand}}: [[Sirikit|Queen Sirikit, Queen Mother]]

==Republican Order==

{{Infobox order
|title=Order of Beneficence Τάγμα της Ευποιΐας
|image=Orde van Goede Doelen van Griekenland.gif
|caption=Grand Cross and Star of the Order of Beneficence
|awarded_by=the [[President of Greece|President of the Hellenic Republic]]
|type=[[Order (decoration)|Order]]
|motto=''ΕΥΠΟΙΪΑ''
|eligibility=Only for women
|for=Distinguished services to Greece and in the public sphere
|status=Currently constituted
|date=7 May 1948
|grades=Grand Cross, Grand Commander, Commander, Gold Cross, Silver Cross
|higher=[[Order of the Phoenix (Greece)|Order of the Phoenix]]
|lower=-
|image2=[[File:GRE Order of Beneficence - Silver Cross BAR.svg|85px|]]
|caption2=Ribbon bar of the Order of Beneficence
}}

The '''Order of Beneficence''' ({{lang-el|Τάγμα της Ευποιΐας}}) is an [[Order (decoration)|order]] of [[Greece]] which was established in 1975 by law no.106/1975, using the same name and same insignia as that of the order instituted in the previous governance of the [[Kingdom of Greece]], although a separate order with different statutes.

It is conferred by the [[Greece|Greek]] government as a moral reward for women especially, [[Greek people|Greek]] and [[Alien (law)|foreign]], for the good services they have rendered to the [[Fatherland]] in the field of [[Charitable organization|charity]] as well as for their performance in the [[art]]s and [[Literature|letters]]. The fact that the order is awarded to women does {{em|not}} mean that the other Greek decorations are awarded exclusively to men.

===Grades===

The Order has five classes:
*Grand Cross - wears the badge on a sash from the right shoulder, plus the star on the left chest;
*Grand Commander - wears the badge on a bow, plus the star on the right chest;
*Commander - wears the badge on a bow;
*Gold Cross - wears the badge on a ribbon on the left chest;
*Silver Cross - wears the badge on a ribbon on the left chest.

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center; width:70%;"
! colspan=5 | Ribbon bars
|-style="vertical-align:top;"
|width=20%|[[Image:GRE Order of Beneficence - Grand Cross BAR.svg|80px|center]]Grand Cross
|width=20%|[[Image:GRE Order of Beneficence - Grand Commander BAR.svg|80px|center]]Grand Officer
|width=20%|[[Image:GRE Order of Beneficence - Commander BAR.svg|80px|center]]Commander
|width=20%|[[Image:GRE Order of Beneficence - Gold Cross BAR.svg|80px|center]]Officer
|width=20%|[[Image:GRE Order of Beneficence - Silver Cross BAR.svg|80px|center]]Member
|}

===Recipients===

====Grand Cross====

* {{flag|Denmark}}: [[Mary, Crown Princess of Denmark|Crown Princess Mary]]
* {{flag|Denmark}}: [[Princess Marie of Denmark|Princess Marie]]
* {{flag|Luxembourg}}: [[Maria Teresa, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg|Grand Duchess Maria Teresa]]

==Insignia==

The ''badge'' of the Order is a five tipped blue-enamelled flower, in silver for the Silver Cross class, in gold for the higher classes. The overall design is clearly derived from the then-recently abolished British [[Order of the Indian Empire]]. The obverse central disc bears a portrait of the [[Theotokos]] with the [[Jesus|Divine Child]] in Her arms with the legend "ΕΥΠΟΙΙΑ" («Beneficence») on a white enamel ring. The reverse side bears the emblem of the Hellenic Republic.

The ''star'' of the Order is a silver eight-pointed star with straight rays, with the same central disc as the obverse of the badge, while the reverse side also bears the emblem of the Hellenic Republic.

The ''ribbon'' of the Order is orange with blue edges.

==See also==

* [[Orders, decorations, and medals of Greece]]
* [[Orders of chivalry for women]]
* [[List of awards honoring women]]

==Further reading==

* George J. Beldecos, "Hellenic Orders, Decorations and Medals", pub. Hellenic War Museum, Athens 1991, {{ISBN|960-85054-0-2}}.

==External links==

* [http://www.presidency.gr/en/hellenic-orders-decorations/order-of-beneficence/ Presidency of the Hellenic Republic - Order of Beneficence] {{in lang|el}}
* [http://www.greekroyalfamily.gr/images/stories/eggrafa_afieromata/ROYAL20ORDERS20ENG.pdf The Greek Royal Orders]
{{Greek orders timeline}}
{{Honors and decorations of Greece}}
{{Orders of knighthood for women}}

[[Category:Orders, decorations, and medals of Greece|Beneficence (Greece), Order of]]
[[Category:Orders of chivalry for women|Beneficence (Greece), Order of]]
[[Category:Awards established in 1948]]
[[Category:Order of Beneficence (Greece)]]
[[Category:1948 establishments in Greece]]
[[Category:Orders of chivalry awarded to heads of state, consorts and sovereign family members|Beneficence (Greece), Order of]]

Order of the Phoenix (Greece)

2024-01-31T21:28:46Z

46.190.9.224:

{{Short description|Order of chivalry in Greece}}
{{redirect|Royal Order of the Phoenix|the Tongan order|Royal Order of the Phoenix (Tonga)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2023}}
{{Infobox order
|title=Order of the Phoenix Τάγμα του Φοίνικος
|image=[[Image:Phoenixhellas.jpg|200px]]
|caption=Grand Cross and Star of the Order of the Phoenix, III. type
|awarded_by=the [[President of Greece|President of the Hellenic Republic]]
|type=[[Order (decoration)|Order]]
|established=13 May 1926|country={{flag|Greece}}|motto=Εκ της τέφρας μου αναγεννώμαι
|for=excellence in the public sphere ''or'' raising Greece's international standing
|status=Currently constituted
|date=
|grades=Grand Cross Grand Commander Commander Golden Cross Silver Cross
|higher=[[Order of George I]] (''Kingdom, 1935 till 1973'') 
[[Order of Honour (Greece)|Order of Honour]] (''Republic, since 1975'')
|lower=[[Order of Beneficence]]
|image2=[[Image:GRE Order of the Phoenix - Silver Cross BAR.png|85px|]]
|caption2=Ribbon bar of the Silver Cross of the Order of the Phoenix
}}

The '''Order of the Phoenix''' ({{lang-el|'''Τάγμα του Φοίνικος'''}}) is an [[Order (decoration)|order]] of [[Greece]], established on 13 May 1926, by the [[republicanism|republican]] government of the [[Second Hellenic Republic]] to replace the defunct [[Order of George I|Royal Order of George I]].

The order was retained after the restoration of the [[Kingdom of Greece (Glücksburg)|monarchy]] in 1935 and continues to be awarded by the current Third Republic.

The honour is bestowed by the Greek government to Greek citizens who have excelled in the [[arts]] and [[literature]], [[science]], [[public administration]], [[shipping]], [[commerce]], and industry. It is also awarded to [[Alien (law)|foreigner]]s who have helped raise Greece's international prestige.

==Grades==
The Order has five classes:
*[[File:GRE Order of the Phoenix - Grand Cross BAR.png|60px]] ''Grand Cross'' ('Μεγαλόσταυρος') - wears the badge of the Order on a sash on the right shoulder, and the star of the Order on the left chest;
*[[File:GRE Order of the Phoenix - Grand Commander BAR.png|60px]] ''Grand Commander'' ('Ανώτερος Ταξιάρχης') - wears the badge of the Order on a necklet, and the star of the Order on the right chest;
*[[File:GRE Order of the Phoenix - Commander BAR.png|60px]] ''Commander'' ('Ταξιάρχης') - wears the badge of the Order on a necklet;
*[[File:GRE Order of the Phoenix - Gold Cross BAR.png|60px]] ''Officer'' or ''Gold Cross'' ('Χρυσούς Σταυρός') - wears the badge on a ribbon on the left chest;
*[[File:GRE Order of the Phoenix - Silver Cross BAR.png|60px]] ''Member'' or ''Silver Cross'' ('Αργυρούς Σταυρός') - wears the badge on a ribbon on the left chest.

==Insignia==
The badge of the Order is a white-enameled cross, in silver for the Silver Cross class, in gold for the higher classes, with the [[Phoenix (mythology)|Phoenix]] (symbolizing the rebirth of the Hellenic nation) at the centre. A five-pointed star is at the upper arm of the cross. The first version of the Order (1926–1935) featured the letters "E-T-T-A" in Byzantine [[Uncial script|uncial]] on each arm of the cross, the initials of the motto '''''Ε'''κ '''τ'''ης '''τ'''έφρας μου '''α'''ναγεννώμαι'' ("From my ashes I am reborn"). During the [[Kingdom of Greece (Glücksburg)|Monarchy]] (1935–1974) the letters were removed and the badge was topped by a crown, while the badge's reverse side featured the monogram of the reigning [[monarch]]. The current version (since 1975) omits the crown, while the reverse features the [[Coat of arms of Greece|Greek National Emblem]] with the words ''ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗ ΔΗΜΟΚΡΑΤΙΑ'' ("Hellenic Republic").

The ''star'' of the Order is a silver eight-pointed star with straight rays, with the phoenix at the centre; during the Monarchy it was topped by a crown.

The ''ribbon'' of the Order is orange with black edges.

Crossed swords on the insignia indicate that the award was given in the military division of the Order.

== Holders ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Holder
! Date
! Grade
|-
| [[Gjergj Fishta]]
| '''1931 '''
| ''' - '''
|-
| [[Sir Julien Cahn]]<ref>[[The Manchester Guardian]] GIFT OF NEWSTEAD ABBEY, 17 July 1931</ref>
| '''1931 '''
| Grand Commander
|-
| [[Henry Vollam Morton]]
| '''1937 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Commander]]
|-
| [[N. G. L. Hammond|Nicholas Hammond]]<ref>The Manchester Guardian, NEW HEADMASTER OF CLIFTON, 9 June 1954</ref>
| '''1946 '''
| Officer (with swords)
|-
| [[Thomas Dunbabin]]<ref>The Manchester Guardian, ''Births, Deaths, Marriages'', 9 June 1954</ref>
| '''1946 '''
| (with swords)
|-
| Beatrice Ashley Chanler<ref>Thomas, Lately. ''The Astor Orphans: A Pride of Lions'', W. Morrow, 1971; p. 318.</ref>
| '''1946'''
| -
|-
| [[Arthur Coningham (RAF officer)|Sir Arthur Coningham]]<ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1946/1946%20-%201972.html Flight Global] {{dead link|date=August 2023}}</ref>
| '''1946 '''
| [[Grand Cross]]
|-
|Canon J.A. Douglas<ref>The Manchester Guardian, OBITUARY Canon J.A. Douglas, 5 July 1956</ref>
| '''1949 '''
| -
|-
| [[Constantine II of Greece]]
| '''1950 '''
| [[Grand Cross]]
|-
| [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh]]
| '''1950 '''
| [[Grand Cross]]
|-
| Sir Robert James Hudson <ref name="auto">[http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/39011/pages/4485/page.pdf Issue 4485] London Gazette, Tuesday 5 September 1950 {{dead link|date=August 2023}}</ref>
| '''1950 '''
| Grand Commander
|-
| [[Allan Ross Welsh|Sir Allan Ross Welsh]]<ref name="auto"/>
| '''1950 '''
| Grand Commander
|-
| [[Mark Mindler]]
| ''' - '''
| -
|-
| [[Gavin Long|Gavin Merrick Long]]
| '''1956 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Officer]]
|-
|[[Wan Waithayakon]]
|'''1956'''
|[[Grand Cross]]
|-
| [[Dr. Joze Brilej]]
| ''' '''
| [[Grand Cross]]
|-
| [[Carl Foreman]]<ref>The Guardian ''Very special privilege: Tuesday night'', 11 July 1962</ref>
| '''1962 '''
| -
|-
| [[Elizabeth II of United Kingdom]]
| '''1963 '''
| [[Grand Cross]]
|-
| [[Harald V of Norway]]
| '''1964 '''
| [[Grand Cross]]
|-
| [[Odysseas Elytis]]
| '''1965 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Commander]]
|-
| [[John Latsis|John S. Latsis]]
| '''1965 '''
| [[Grand Cross]]
|-
| [[Arne Skaug]]
| '''unknown '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Commander]]
|-
| [[Stavros Niarchos]]
| '''1977 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Commander]]
|-
| [[Max van der Stoel]]
| '''1977 '''
| [[Grand Cross]]
|-
| [[Mounir Abou Fadel]]
| '''1984 '''
| [[Grand Commander]]
|-
|[[Manolis Andronikos]]
| '''1992 '''
| [[Grand Cross]]
|-
| [[Dimitrios Κοntoumas]]
| '''1993 '''
| [[Grand Commander]]
|-
| [[Marianne McDonald]]
| '''1994 '''
| [[Commander]]
|-
| [[Vasso Apostolopoulos]]
| '''1997 '''
| [[Commander]]
|-
| [[Manuel Aroney]]
| '''1998 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Commander]]
|-
| [[Eleni Bakopanos]]
| '''1999 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Commander]]
|-
| Karl Buckthought
| '''1999 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Commander]]
|-
| [[John Cannis]]
| '''1999 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Commander]]
|-
| [[Peter Delefes]]
| '''1999 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Commander]]
|-
| [[Philippe Deane Gigantes]]
| '''1999 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Commander]]
|-
| [[Jim Karygiannis]]
| '''1999 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Commander]]
|-
| Ken Pontikes
| '''1999 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Commander]]
|-
| [[Christos Sirros]]
| '''1999 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Commander]]
|-
| Angelos Delivorias
| '''2000 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Commander]]
|-
| [[Grigoris Bithikotsis]]
| '''2003 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Officer]]
|-
| [[Rena Vlahopoulou]]
| '''2003 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Officer]]
|-
| [[H.E. Dušan T. Bataković]]
| '''2005 '''
| [[Grand Cross]]
|-
| [[Patrick Leigh Fermor|Sir Patrick Leigh Fermor]]
| '''2007 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Commander]]
|-
| [[Thanasis Veggos]]
| '''2008 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Commander]]
|-
| [[Paul Sarbanes]]
| '''2008 '''
| [[Grand Cross]]
|-
| H.E. Vahram Kazhoyan
| '''2009 '''
| [[Grand Cross]]
|-
| [[Angelos Chaniotis]]
| '''2013 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Commander]]
|-
| Kevin Featherstone
| '''2013 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Commander]]
|-
| [[Malcolm H. Wiener]]
| '''2014 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Officer]]
|-
| [[Yehuda Poliker]]
| '''2014 '''
| unknown
|-
| [[Stephen Fry]]<ref>[http://greekcitytimes.com/2021/04/22/stephen-fry-order-of-the-phoenix Stephen Fry. Order of the Phoenix] greekcitytimes.com 21 April 2021 {{dead link|date=August 2023}}</ref>
| '''2021 '''
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Grand Commander]]
|-
| [[Frangoulis Frangos]]
| unknown
| Grand Commander
|-
| [[Jacqueline de Romilly]]
| unknown
| Commander
|-
| [[Josef Pták]]
| unknown
| [[Order (honour)#Modern ranks|Officer]]

Thomas J. Miller 2023 Grand Cross
|}

<gallery>
File:Greece Order of the Phoenix.jpg|[[Monarchy of Greece|Monarchy]] - Order of the Phoenix badge.
File:Order of the Phoenix - Grand Cross.png|[[Monarchy of Greece|Monarchy]] - Order of the Phoenix - Grand Cross.
File:Order of the Phoenix - Grand Cross badge.png|[[Monarchy of Greece|Monarchy]] - Order of the Phoenix - Grand Cross badge.
File:Order of the Phoenix - Grand Cross set.png|[[Monarchy of Greece|Monarchy]] - Order of the Phoenix - Grand Cross set.
File:Order of the Phoenix.jpg|[[Greece|Republic]] - Order of the Phoenix, Third Class Commander.
File:Ordre phoenix argent 748.jpg|[[Monarchy of Greece|Monarchy]] - Three Silver knights of the Phoenix.
File:Ordre du phoenix avec epées avers revers 748.jpg|alt=Third Class Commander with swords.|[[Monarchy of Greece|Monarchy]] - Third Class Commander with swords.
File:Order of the Phoenix 1.jpg|[[Monarchy of Greece|Monarchy]] - Grand Cross star with swords.
File:Phoenix Grand Commandant 744.jpg|[[Monarchy of Greece|Monarchy]] - Second Class Grand Commander.
File:Phoenix grand croix epees 744.jpg|[[Monarchy of Greece|Monarchy]] - Grand Cross set with swords.
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Greek orders timeline}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Order of the Phoenix (Greece)}}
* [http://www.presidency.gr/en/hellenic-orders-decorations/order-of-the-phoenix/ Presidency of the Hellenic Republic – The Order of the Phoenix]
* [http://www.greekroyalfamily.gr/images/stories/eggrafa_afieromata/ROYAL20ORDERS20ENG.pdf The Greek Royal Orders]
* George J. Beldecos, "Hellenic Orders, Decorations and Medals", pub. Hellenic War Museum, Athens 1991, {{ISBN|960-85054-0-2}}.
{{Honors and decorations of Greece}}

[[Category:Orders, decorations, and medals of Greece|Phoenix (Greece)]]
[[Category:1926 establishments in Greece]]
[[Category:Awards established in 1926]]
[[Category:Orders of chivalry awarded to heads of state, consorts and sovereign family members|Phoenix (Greece)]]
[[Category:Phoenixes in popular culture]]

Order of the Redeemer

2024-01-31T21:27:40Z

46.190.9.224: /* top */Changed short description to be more precise

{{short description|Order of chivalry in Greece}}
{{Infobox order
|title=Order of the Redeemer {{lang|el|Τάγμα του Σωτήρος}}
|image=[[Image:Order of Redeemer,Grand Cross.jpg|200px]]
|caption=Star of the Order of the Redeemer
|awarded_by=the [[President of Greece|President of the Hellenic Republic]]
|type=[[Order (decoration)|Order]]
|motto={{lang|el|Η ΔΕΞΙΑ ΣΟΥ ΧΕΙΡ, ΚΥΡΙΕ, ΔΕΔΟΞΑΣΤΑΙ ΕΝ ΙΣΧΥΙ}} (Thy right hand, O Lord, is become glorious in power.)
|for=Exceptional services to Greece
|status=Currently constituted
|date=20 May 1833
|grades=Grand Cross, Grand Commander, Commander, Gold Cross, Silver Cross
|higher=None
|lower=[[Order of George I]] (1915–1924) [[Order of the Phoenix (Greece)|Order of the Phoenix]] (1926–1935) [[Order of Saints George and Constantine]] (1936–1975) [[Order of Honour (Greece)|Order of Honour]] (since 1975)
|image2= [[File:Order of the Redeemer Ribbon bar.svg|100px]]
|caption2= Ribbon bar
}}
The '''Order of the Redeemer''' ({{lang-el|Τάγμα του Σωτήρος|translit=Tágma tou Sotíros}}), also known as the '''Order of the Saviour''',<ref>{{cite news |title=Americans decorated |newspaper=New York Times |date=September 12, 1906 |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1906/09/12/101831263.pdf |access-date=December 19, 2010}}</ref> is an [[order of merit]] of [[Greece]]. The Order of the Redeemer is the oldest and highest decoration awarded by the [[modern Greek state]].

== Establishment ==
The establishment of the Order of the Redeemer was decided by the [[Fourth National Assembly at Argos]] in 1829, during the final year of the [[Greek War of Independence]].<ref name="Presidency">{{cite web | url = http://www.presidency.gr/?page_id=4409&lang=en | title = Hellenic Orders and Decorations: Order of the Redeemer | publisher = Presidency of the Hellenic Republic | access-date = 3 April 2013 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150627221037/http://www.presidency.gr/?page_id=4409&lang=en | archive-date = 27 June 2015 }}</ref> The decision was not immediately implemented, however, and the relevant decree was signed in [[Nafplio]] by the Regency Council ([[Josef Ludwig von Armansperg]], [[Karl von Abel]] and [[Georg Ludwig von Maurer]]) in the name of King [[Otto, King of Greece|Otto]] on May 20, 1833.<ref name="Establishment">{{cite book | script-title = el:ΕΦΕΤΗΡΙΣ (Almanach) του Βασιλείου της Ελλάδος δια το έτος 1837 | author = A.I. Kladis | location = Athens | publisher = Βασιλική Τυπογραφία και Λιθογραφία | year = 1837 | script-chapter = el:Κεφάλαιον Όγδοον. Περί της συστάσεως Τάγματος Αριστείας δια το Βασίλειον της Ελλάδος. |trans-chapter=Chapter Eight. On the establishment of an Order of Merit for the Kingdom of Greece | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=nQ9CAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA123 | pages = 123–136}}</ref><ref>
([http://www.et.gr/idocs-nph/search/pdfViewerForm.html?args=5C7QrtC22wG-pNmgvR9663dtvSoClrL8rzyE3xwSGuPtIl9LGdkF53UIxsx942CdyqxSQYNuqAGCF0IfB9HI6hq6ZkZV96FISh15d_8wsXT0JgUBaj6O6NF0l0z0R1vQtq45sVgz0hU. Government Gazette 19, issue A, dated 20 Jan. 1833])</ref> According to the decree of establishment, the name of the Order "shall recall the, by divine assistance miraculously and fortuitously accomplished, salvation of Greece".<ref name="Establishment"/>

== Grades and award criteria ==
Since its establishment in 1833, and in common with all Greek orders of merit, the Order of the Redeemer has five classes:<ref name="Presidency"/><ref name="Establishment"/>
*[[File:GRE Order Redeemer 1Class.svg|60px]] ''Grand Cross'' ({{lang|el|'Μεγαλόσταυρος'}}) – wears the badge of the Order on a sash on the right shoulder, and the star of the Order on the left chest;
*[[File:GRE Order Redeemer 2Class.svg|60px]] ''Grand Commander'' ({{lang|el|'Ανώτερος Ταξιάρχης'}}) – wears the badge of the Order on a necklet, and the star of the Order on the right chest;
*[[File:GRE Order Redeemer 3Class.svg|60px]] ''Commander'' ({{lang|el|'Ταξιάρχης'}}) - wears the badge of the Order on a necklet;
*[[File:GRE Order Redeemer 4Class.svg|60px]] ''Gold Cross'' ({{lang|el|'Χρυσούς Σταυρός'}}) – wears the badge on a ribbon on the left chest;
*[[File:Order of the Redeemer Ribbon bar.svg|60px]] ''Silver Cross'' ({{lang|el|'Αργυρούς Σταυρός'}}) – wears the badge on a ribbon on the left chest.

According to the original decree, the Order was to be awarded to those Greek citizens who took part in the War of Independence, or "who should distinguish themselves henceforth in any branch of public service, in the army and navy, in the diplomatic and judicial corps, in public administration, in the arts, science, agriculture and industry, commerce, or should distinguish themselves in any other social field through outstanding civic virtue, and through illustrious services to the Throne, for the Glory of the Hellenic name and for the welfare of the fatherland", while foreigners were admitted either for past services to Greece, or due to their ability "to bring honour to the Order, through their outstanding personal virtues and excellence".<ref name="Establishment"/>

The original decree set specific limits on the number of awards: while the Silver Cross could be awarded at will, Gold Crosses were limited to 120, Commanders to 30, Grand Commanders to 20, and Grand Crosses to 12. Foreign recipients and princes of the [[Greek royal family]] did not count to these totals.<ref name="Establishment"/> In modern times, in practice the Grand Cross is awarded only to foreign heads of state.<ref name="Presidency"/>

The first person to be awarded the Grand Cross of the Order of the Redeemer was King [[Ludwig I of Bavaria]], the father of King Otto, in 1833.<ref name="Presidency"/> Other distinguished recipients included [[Andreas Miaoulis]] in 1835, Baron Guenther Heinrich von Berg on 21 February 1837 [[Petros Mavromichalis|Petrobey Mavromichalis]], [[Alexandros Mavrokordatos]] and [[Lazaros Kountouriotis]] in 1836, [[Andreas Zaimis]], [[Theodoros Kolokotronis]] and [[Georgios Kountouriotis]] in 1837, and [[Konstantinos Kanaris]] in 1864.

==Insignia==
The form of the various insignias has been altered a number of times since the establishment of the order, the most obvious change being the removal of the crown during the periods of [[History of the Hellenic Republic|republican rule]]. The present form of insignias is regulated by Presidential Decree 849/1975 ({{lang|el|ΦΕΚ 273 Α΄/4-12-1975}}).

The original decree of 1833 described the ''badge'' of the Order as consisting of a white enamelled [[Maltese cross]] (silver for the Silver Cross, gold for the higher grades), surmounted by a crown, set on a green enamelled wreath, one half of which is an [[oak]] branch and the other half a [[Bay Laurel|laurel]] branch.<ref name="Establishment"/> The obverse featured a white cross on a blue background (the [[coat of arms of Greece]]) with Otto's [[Coat of arms of Bavaria|Bavarian arms]] in an [[inescutcheon]] in the centre, surrounded by this inscription on an outer ring: {{lang|el|Η ΔΕΞΙΑ ΣΟΥ ΧΕΙΡ, ΚΥΡΙΕ, ΔΕΔΟΞΑΣΤΑΙ ΕΝ ΙΣΧΥΙ}} ("Thy right hand, O Lord, is become glorious in power", [[Book of Exodus|Exodus]], 15:6).<ref name="Establishment"/> The reverse featured a portrait of Otto with the circular inscription: {{lang|el|ΟΘΩΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ ΤΗΣ ΕΛΛΑΔΟΣ}} ("Otto, King of Greece").<ref name="Establishment"/>

{{multiple image
| align = right
| image1 = Cross of the Order of the Redeemer (Obverse).png
| width1 = 120
| alt1 =
| caption1 =
| image2 = Cross of the Order of the Redeemer (Reverse).png
| width2 = 120
| alt2 =
| caption2 =
| footer = Badge of the Order since 1863, obverse on the left and reverse on the right. Under the [[Kingdom of Greece|monarchy]], a royal crown surmounted the cross.
}}
After Otto's deposition in 1863, his portrait was removed and substituted by an [[icon]] of [[Jesus]], the ''Redeemer'' of [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox Christian]] [[Salvation|soteriology]]. This resulted in the wearing of this side as the obverse, with the national coat of arms (purged of the Bavarian escutcheon) relegated to the reverse, and the inscriptions correspondingly changed: the obverse's inscription remained in place, and the reverse came to feature a new inscription: {{lang|el|Η ΕΝ ΑΡΓΕΙ Δ´ ΕΘΝΙΚΗ ΤΩΝ ΕΛΛΗΝΩΝ ΣΥΝΕΛΕΥΣΙΣ - 1829}} ("The IV National Assembly of the Hellenes at Argos – 1829").<ref name="Presidency"/>

The ''star'' of the Order is an eight-pointed faceted silver star with the same central disc as on the badge of the Order. At first the stars were embroidered, but eventually, they were made of solid silver, a practice that continues to this day.<ref name="Presidency"/>

The ''ribbon'' of the Order is light blue, edged with white, reflecting the [[national colours of Greece]].<ref name="Presidency"/>

== Recipients ==
{{unsourced section|date=July 2023}}
{{Dynamic list}}
{{div col}}
* [[Prince Aage, Count of Rosenborg]]
* [[Abbas II of Egypt]]
* [[Prince Adalbert of Bavaria (1828–1875)]]
* [[Prince Adalbert of Prussia (1811–1873)]]
* [[Alois Lexa von Aehrenthal]]
* [[Prince Aimone, Duke of Aosta]]
* [[Akihito]]
* [[Prince Albert of Prussia (1809–1872)]]
* [[Archduke Albrecht, Duke of Teschen]]
* [[Alexander I of Yugoslavia]]
* [[Alexander II of Russia]]
* [[Alexander III of Russia]]
* [[Alexander Frederick, Landgrave of Hesse]]
* [[Alexander of Battenberg]]
* [[Alexander of Greece]]
* [[Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine]]
* [[Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich of Russia]]
* [[Princess Alexia of Greece and Denmark]]
* [[Alfred, 2nd Prince of Montenuovo]]
* [[Amha Selassie]]
* [[Gyula Andrássy]]
* [[Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark]]
* [[Queen Anne-Marie of Greece]]
* [[Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn]]
* [[Prince Arthur of Connaught]]
* [[Asa Jennings]]
* [[Prince Axel of Denmark]]
* [[Beatrix of the Netherlands]]
* [[Maximilian de Beauharnais, 3rd Duke of Leuchtenberg]]
* [[Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld]]
* [[Prince Oscar Bernadotte]]
* [[Friedrich Ferdinand von Beust]]
* [[Bhumibol Adulyadej]]
* [[Herbert von Bismarck]]
* [[Otto von Bismarck]]
* [[Walther Bronsart von Schellendorff]]
* [[Bernhard von Bülow]]
* [[Carl XVI Gustaf]]
* [[Prince Carl, Duke of Västergötland]]
* [[Carol I of Romania]]
* [[Charles XV]]
* [[Charles Augustus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (1844–1894)]]
* [[Prince Charles, Count of Flanders]]
* [[Prince Charles of Prussia]]
* [[Chiang Kai-shek]]
* [[Christian IX of Denmark]]
* [[Christian X of Denmark]]
* [[Richard Church (general)]]
* [[Constantine I of Greece]]
* [[Prince Constantine Alexios of Greece and Denmark]]
* [[Constantine II of Greece]]
* [[Gerasimos Contomichalos]]
* [[Spyromilios]]
* [[John Cowans]]
* [[Maximilian Daublebsky von Sterneck]]
* [[Adolf von Deines]]
* [[Jules de Trooz]]
* [[Grand Duke Dmitry Konstantinovich of Russia]]
* [[Prince Eduard of Saxe-Altenburg]]
* [[Edward VII|Edward VII of the United Kingdom]]
* [[Alfred Mordaunt Egerton]]
* [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]]
* [[Prince Eitel Friedrich of Prussia]]
* [[Elizabeth II]]
* [[Archduke Ernest of Austria (1824–1899)|Archduke Ernest of Austria]]
* [[Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick]]
* [[Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse]]
* [[Gaston Errembault de Dudzeele (died 1929)|Gaston Errembault de Dudzeele]]
* [[Prince Eugen, Duke of Närke]]
* [[Theoklitos Farmakidis]]
* [[Farouk of Egypt]]
* [[Felipe VI]]
* [[Ferdinand I of Romania]]
* [[Archduke Franz Karl of Austria]]
* [[Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein]]
* [[Frederik VIII of Denmark]]
* [[Frederik IX of Denmark]]
* [[Frederick Augustus III of Saxony]]
* [[Prince Frederick Charles of Hesse]]
* [[Frederick Francis II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin]]
* [[Frederick Francis III, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin]]
* [[Frederick I, Duke of Anhalt]]
* [[Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden]]
* [[Frederick III, German Emperor]]
* [[Prince Frederick of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen]]
* [[Frederick William III, Landgrave of Hesse]]
* [[Frederick William IV of Prussia]]
* [[Frederick William, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]
* [[Friedrich II, Duke of Anhalt]]
* [[Friedrich Ferdinand, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein]]
* [[Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia (1828–1885)|Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia]]
* [[Prince Friedrich Leopold of Prussia]]
* [[Fuad I of Egypt]]
* [[Georg, Crown Prince of Saxony]]
* [[George I of Greece]]
* [[George II of Greece]]
* [[George V]]
* [[Boutros Ghali]]
* [[Agenor Maria Gołuchowski]]
* [[Gustaf V]]
* [[Gustaf VI Adolf]]
* [[Prince Gustav of Denmark]]
* [[Gustav, Prince of Vasa]]
* [[Haakon VII of Norway]]
* [[Haile Selassie]]
* [[Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani]]
* [[Harald V of Norway]]
* [[Prince Harald of Denmark]]
* [[Hassan II of Morocco]]
* [[Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg]]
* [[Prince Henry of Prussia (1862–1929)]]
* [[Duke Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin]]
* [[Hirohito]]
* [[Miklós Horthy]]
* [[Dietrich von Hülsen-Haeseler]]
* [[Hussein Kamel of Egypt]]
* [[Idris of Libya]]
* [[Sergěj Ingr]] (Grand Commander, 1932)
* [[Isabella II of Spain]]
* [[Isma'il Pasha of Egypt]]
* [[Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg]]
* [[Archduke John of Austria]]
* [[Prince Johann of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg]]
* [[Archduke Johann Salvator of Austria]]
* [[Duke John Albert of Mecklenburg]]
* [[Joseph, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg]]
* [[Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona]]
* [[Juan Carlos I]]
* [[Juliana of the Netherlands]]
* [[Theophilos Kairis]]
* [[Konstantinos Kanaris]]
* [[Miltiadis Kanaris]]
* [[Ilias Kanellopoulos]]
* [[Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern]]
* [[Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria]]
* [[Prince Karl Theodor of Bavaria]]
* [[Gustav von Kessel]]
* [[Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich of Russia]]
* [[Knud, Hereditary Prince of Denmark]]
* [[Empress Kōjun]]
* [[Theodoros Kolokotronis]]
* [[Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia]]
* [[Konstantin of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst]]
* [[Georgios Kountouriotis]]
* [[Lazaros Kountouriotis]]
* [[Auguste, Baron Lambermont]]
* [[Leopold I of Belgium]]
* [[Leopold II of Belgium]]
* [[Leopold III of Belgium]]
* [[Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany]]
* [[Anastasios Londos]]
* [[Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse]]
* [[Prince Louis of Battenberg]]
* [[A. Maurice Low]]
* [[Ludwig I of Bavaria]]
* [[Archduke Ludwig Viktor of Austria]]
* [[Luís I of Portugal]]
* [[Luitpold, Prince Regent of Bavaria]]
* [[Emmanuel Macron]]
* [[Empress Masako]]
* [[Margrethe II of Denmark]]
* [[Sergio Mattarella]]
* [[Alexandros Mavrokordatos]]
* [[Petrobey Mavromichalis]]
* [[Maximilian I of Mexico]]
* [[Duke Maximilian Joseph in Bavaria]]
* [[Emperor Meiji]]
* [[Ioannis Metaxas]]
* [[Andreas Miaoulis]]
* [[Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia]]
* [[Prince Michael of Greece and Denmark]]
* [[Michael I of Romania]]
* [[Mihailo Obrenović, Prince of Serbia]]
* [[Milan I of Serbia]]
* [[Miloš Obrenović, Prince of Serbia]]
* [[Zygmunt Mineyko]]
* [[Konstantinos Minas]]
* [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]]
* [[Prince Moritz of Saxe-Altenburg]]
* [[August Myhrberg]]
* [[Napoleon III]]
* [[Nicholas I of Montenegro]]
* [[Nicholas II of Russia]]
* [[Grand Duke Nicholas Mikhailovich of Russia]]
* [[Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia (1831–1891)]]
* [[Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia (1856–1929)]]
* [[Prince Nikolaos of Greece and Denmark]]
* [[Olav V of Norway]]
* [[Olga Constantinovna of Russia]]
* [[Oscar II]]
* [[Otto, King of Bavaria|Otto of Bavaria]]
* [[Otto of Greece]]
* [[Paul of Greece]]
* [[Prince Paul of Yugoslavia]]
* [[Pavlos, Crown Prince of Greece]]
* [[Peter II of Yugoslavia]]
* [[Philippe of Belgium]]
* [[Queen Mathilde of Belgium]]
* [[Pedro II of Brazil]]
* [[Georgios Pentzikis]]
* [[Duke Peter of Oldenburg]]
* [[Nicolae Petrescu-Comnen]]
* [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh]]
* [[Prince Philippos of Greece and Denmark]]
* [[Hans von Plessen]]
* [[François Pouqueville]]
* [[Prince Frederick William of Hesse-Kassel]]
* [[Patrick Quinn (Metropolitan Police officer)]]
* [[Joseph Radetzky von Radetz]]
* [[Archduke Rainer Ferdinand of Austria]]
* [[Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria]]
* [[Spyridon Samaras]]
* [[Gustav von Senden-Bibran]]
* [[Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia]]
* [[Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha]]
* [[Konstantinos Smolenskis]]
* [[Leonidas Smolents]]
* [[Queen Sofía of Spain]]
* [[Dionysios Solomos]]
* [[Queen Sonja of Norway]]
* [[Hermann von Spaun]]
* [[Stepa Stepanović]]
* [[Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk]]
* [[Harold Stevens (broadcaster)]]
* [[Emperor Taishō]]
* [[Ludwig Freiherr von und zu der Tann-Rathsamhausen]]
* [[Georgios Theocharis (diplomat)|Georgios Theocharis]]
* [[Patriarch Theophilos III of Jerusalem]]
* [[Alfred von Tirpitz]]
* [[Umberto II of Italy]]
* [[Prince Valdemar of Denmark]]
* [[Prince Viggo, Count of Rosenborg]]
* [[Étienne de Villaret]]
* [[Vittorio Emanuele, Prince of Naples]]
* [[Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia]]
* [[John Weston (pioneer aviator and motor caravanner)]]
* [[Wilhelm II, German Emperor]]
* [[Wilhelm, German Crown Prince]]
* [[Wilhelmina of the Netherlands]]
* [[Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands]]
* [[Queen Máxima of the Netherlands]]
* [[William I, German Emperor]]
* [[William, Prince of Hohenzollern]]
* [[Arthur Winnington-Ingram]]
* [[Sergei Witte]]
* [[Duke Eugen of Württemberg (1846–1877)]]
* [[Basil Zaharoff]]
* [[Todor Zhivkov]]
* [[Zog I of Albania]]
* [[August zu Eulenburg]]
* [[Emmanouil Zymvrakakis (army general)|Emmanouil Zymvrakakis]]
* [[Emir Abdelkader|Emir Abdelkader (1808-1883)]]
* [[Joice NanKivell Loch]]
* [[George Vella]]
{{div col end}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* George J. Beldecos, "Hellenic Orders, Decorations and Medals", pub. Hellenic War Museum, Athens 1991, {{ISBN|960-85054-0-2}}.

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [http://www.greekroyalfamily.gr/images/stories/eggrafa_afieromata/ROYAL20ORDERS20ENG.pdf The Greek Royal Orders]

{{Greek orders timeline}}
{{Honors and decorations of Greece}}

[[Category:Orders, decorations, and medals of Greece]]
[[Category:1833 establishments in Greece]]
[[Category:Awards established in 1833]]
[[Category:Orders of chivalry awarded to heads of state, consorts and sovereign family members|Redeemer]]
[[Category:Otto of Greece]]

Orders, decorations, and medals of Greece

2024-01-31T21:24:18Z

46.190.9.224:

{{Short description|Orders of chivalry and other honours of the Hellenic Republic}}
The '''Greek honors system''' goes back to 1829 and the establishment of the [[Order of the Redeemer]] at the [[Fourth National Assembly at Argos]]. However, the relevant decree was signed in [[Nafplio]] by King [[Otto of Greece|Otto]] on May 20, 1833. The [[Grand Cross]] of the Order of the Redeemer remains the highest honor of Greece to this day.

== Hellenic Republic ==
=== Orders ===
* [[File:Order of the Redeemer Ribbon bar.svg|35px]] [[Order of the Redeemer]]
* [[File:GRE Order of Honour Silver Cross BAR.png|35px]] [[Order of Honour (Greece)|Order of Honour]]
* [[File:GRE Order of the Phoenix - Silver Cross BAR.png|35px]] [[Order of the Phoenix (Greece)|Order of the Phoenix]]
* [[File:GRE Order of Beneficence - Silver Cross BAR.png|35px]] [[Order of Beneficence (Greece)|Order of Beneficence]] (restricted to females)

== Kingdom of Greece ==
* [[File:Order of the Redeemer Ribbon bar.svg|35px]] [[Order of the Redeemer]]
* [[File:Royal Order of Saints George and Constantine ribbon.svg|35px]] [[Order of Saints George and Constantine|Order of St. George and Constantine]] (dynastic)
* [[File:Royal Order of Saints Olga and Sophia ribbon.svg|35px]] [[Order of Saints Olga and Sophia|Order of St. Olga and Sophia]] (dynastic, restricted to females from royal family)
* [[File:GRE Order of George I - Member or Silver Cross BAR.png|35px]] [[Order of George I]] (dynastic)
* [[File:GRE Order of the Phoenix - Silver Cross BAR.png|35px]] [[Order of the Phoenix (Greece)|Order of the Phoenix]]
* [[File:GRE Order of Beneficence - Silver Cross BAR.svg|35px]] [[Order of Beneficence (Greece)|Order of Beneficence]] (restricted to females)

== Ranks ==
As with most European orders, the Greek orders have the following ranks, in order of precedence:
# [[Grand Cross]]
# Grand Officer
# Commander
# [[Knight]] of the Gold Cross
# Knight of the Silver Cross

== Transmission of honors ==
In the past, the insignia of the order were to be returned to the State. However, in recent years, the rule has changed and the heirs of the honoree may keep the insignia.

== Grand Master ==
The [[Grand Master (order)|Grand Master]] of the Greek orders is the [[head of state]] of the country. Since 1975, Greece is a [[republic]] and the head of state is the [[President of Greece]] who is also responsible for awarding them, according to article 46, paragraph 2 of the [[Constitution of Greece]] and law 106/1975,<ref name="Nomos106">[[s:el:Νόμος 106/1975|Law 106/1975]] of the Hellenic Republic.</ref> upon the recommendation of the [[Minister for Foreign Affairs (Greece)|Minister for Foreign Affairs]].

== Selection criteria ==
According to Law 106/1975, all proposals made by the Minister for Foreign Affairs are reviewed by the Council on Honors (''{{lang-el|Συμβούλιο Ταγμάτων Αριστείας}}'') when it applies to Greek citizens, the [[Greek diaspora]], military officers, and government workers. Individuals are selected to reward their contributions to Greece, be it the state, its culture, sports, arts, language, etc.

The Council on Honors, which comes together by decision of the Minister for Foreign Affairs, serves for a two-year term:<ref name="Nomos106"/>
* the President of the [[Council of State (Greece)|Council of State]]
* the President of the [[Court of Cassation (Greece)|Court of Cassation]]
* two Greek citizens who have been awarded the Grand Cross
* one of the senior-most [[diplomats]] of the [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Greece)|Ministry of Foreign Affairs]], either an [[ambassador]] or deputy minister
* a senior military officer, set by the [[Hellenic National Defence General Staff|Defence General Staff]]
* a representative from the office of the President of Greece

== Medals ==
=== Gallantry and merit medals ===
==== Military medals (since 1974) ====
* [[File:Greek Medal for Gallantry.svg|35px]] [[Medal for Gallantry (Greece)|Medal for Gallantry]]
* [[File:Greek Commander's Medal of Valour ribbon.png|35px]] [[Cross of Valour (Greece)|Cross of Valour]]
* [[File:Greek War Cross 1940 3rd class ribbon.png|35px]] [[War Cross (Greece)|War Cross]]
* [[Medal for Outstanding Acts]]
* [[Medal for Exceptional Acts]]
* [[File:Greek Medal of Military merit ribbon.png|35px]] [[Medal of Military Merit (Greece)|Medal of Military Merit]]
* [[Long Service Good Conduct Medal|Long Service and Good Conduct Medal]]

===== Military commendations<ref>{{Cite web |title=Διαμνημονεύσεις {{!}} Army gr |url=http://army.gr/el/polymesa/ithikes-amoives/diamnimoneyseis |access-date=2022-06-15 |website=army.gr}}</ref> =====

* Commendation for Leadership of the General Staff ([[Hellenic National Defence General Staff]], [[Hellenic Army General Staff]], [[Hellenic Air Force General Staff]], [[Hellenic Navy General Staff]])
* Star for Merit and Honour
* Medal for Merit and Honour
* Commemoration for Leadership of a formation or extant unit
* Commendation for Meritorious Command
* Commendation for Long Service in Corps and Joint Corps (e.g. Judicial Corps)
* Commendation for Service as a Staff Officer
* Commendation for Service in a General Staff
* Commendation for Participation in Peacekeeping Operations

==== Police medals (since 1985) ====
* Police Medal for Gallantry
* Police Cross
* Medal of Police Merit
* Long Service and Good Conduct Police Medal

===== Police commendations<ref>{{Cite web |title=Προεδρικό Διάταγμα 141/1993 - ΦΕΚ 58/Α/15-4-1993 (Κωδικοποιημένο) |url=https://www.e-nomothesia.gr/kat-astynomikos-astynomia/ithikes-amoibes/pd-141-1993.html |access-date=2022-06-15 |website=e-nomothesia.gr {{!}} Τράπεζα Πληροφοριών Νομοθεσίας |language=el}}</ref> =====

* Commendation for Leadership of the Hellenic Police
* Star for Merit and Honour
* Commendation for Meritorious Command
* Commendation for Meritorious Staff Service
* Commendation for Meritorious Staff Service as a Special Duty Officer

==== Fire Service medals (since 1998) ====
* Fire Service Medal for Gallantry
* Fire Service Cross
* Medal of Fire Service Merit

==== Coast Guard commendations<ref>{{Cite web |title=Προεδρικό Διάταγμα 247/2006 - ΦΕΚ 261/Α/29-11-2006 |url=https://www.e-nomothesia.gr/kat-naytilia-nausiploia/limeniko-soma/pd-247-2006.html |access-date=2022-06-15 |website=e-nomothesia.gr {{!}} Τράπεζα Πληροφοριών Νομοθεσίας |language=el}}</ref> ====

* Commendation for Leadership of the Coast Guard
* Star for Merit and Honour
* Medal for Merit and Honour
* Commemoration for Leadership of a Regional Coast Guard Command
* Commendation for Meritorious Command
* Commendation for Service as a Staff Officer
* Commendation for Meritorious Staff Service
* Commendation for Long Service

==== Medals no longer awarded ====
===== [[Hellenic Gendarmerie]] (1946–1985<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Προεδρικό Διάταγμα 622/1985 - ΦΕΚ 231/Α/31-12-1985 (Κωδικοποιημένο) |url=https://www.e-nomothesia.gr/kat-astynomikos-astynomia/ithikes-amoibes/pd-622-1985.html |access-date=2022-06-15 |website=e-nomothesia.gr {{!}} Τράπεζα Πληροφοριών Νομοθεσίας |language=el}}</ref>) =====

* Medal of Valour
* Medal for Gallantry
* Medal for Self-Sacrifice
* War Cross
* Medal for Outstanding Acts
* Medal of Military Merit
* Medal of Merit
* Medal for Long and Meritorious Service

==== Cities Police (1946<ref>[http://www.et.gr/idocs-nph/search/pdfViewerForm.html?args=5C7QrtC22wEiJ_eYPESKJHdtvSoClrL8xOoRDBhPPoDtIl9LGdkF53UIxsx942CdyqxSQYNuqAGCF0IfB9HI6qSYtMQEkEHLwnFqmgJSA5UkHEKavWyL4FoKqSe4BlOTSpEWYhszF8P8UqWb_zFijKGXBkLNhNjfiW1IkFHsjDwXnGJv2JlKfsPJl-XeUDiP Emergency Law 922/1946].</ref>–1985<ref name=":0" />) ====

* Police Medal
* Medal for Police Merit
* Police Cross

=== Commemorative and campaign medals ===
* [[Cross for the War of Independence 1821–29]]
* [[Cross for the Bavarian Auxiliary Corps]]
* [[Medal for the Proclamation of the Constitution of 1843]]
* [[Medal for the Greco-Turkish War of 1912–1913]]
* [[Medal for the Greco-Bulgarian War]]
* [[Medal for the Macedonian Struggle]] (1904–08)
* [[Inter-Allied Victory Medal (Greece)|Inter-Allied Victory Medal]] (1916–18)
* [[Royal Hellenic Navy Campaign Cross]] (1940–45)
* [[Maritime War Cross (Greece)|Maritime War Cross]]
* [[Medal for the Air Defense of Alexandria]]
* [[Medal for the War of 1940–1941]]
* [[Medal for the War of 1941–1945]]
* [[Medal for the National Resistance]] (1941–45)
* [[United Nations Korea Medal]] (1950–53)
* [[Centenary Memorial Medal of the Greek Royal Family]]
* Flying Cross
* Air Force Merit Cross
* Medal for Operations in Cyprus (1964, 1967, 1974)

== Honorees ==
Those that have been honored by one of the Greek State Orders are given the right to wear their insignia for life, provided they have not been stricken from the rolls of their respective order, as per the penal code or by decision of the Council on Honors. The latter group may take such a decision if it deems that the person retaining the honor causes public discomfort or negatively affects the prestige of the Order. After the death of the honoree, the insignia may be kept by his or her heirs.<ref name="Nomos106"/>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== Further reading ==
{{Commons category}}
* {{Cite book|last=Dēmakopoulos|first=Geōrgios D.|title=Greek Orders and Medals|year=1961|publisher=Mavridis|location=Athens|oclc=870294502}}
* {{Cite book|last=Beldecos|first=George J.|title=Hellenic Orders, Decorations and Medals|year=1991|publisher=Hellenic War Museum|location=Athens|ISBN=960-85054-0-2}}

{{Greece topics}}
{{Honors and decorations of Greece}}
{{Decorations by country}}
{{Greek orders timeline}}

[[Category:Orders, decorations, and medals of Greece| ]]
[[Category:Greek awards]]