Wikipedia - User contributions [en]

List of American public address announcers

2014-12-25T03:56:31Z

98.197.171.16:

This is a list of notable American public address [[announcers]].

* [[Chic Anderson]] – [[horse racing]] (best known for work at [[Belmont Park]])
* [[Alex Anthony]] – [[New York Jets]] and [[New York Mets]]
* [[Frank Anthony]] – [[San Diego Padres]]
* [[Pete Arbogast]] - [[Los Angeles Dodgers]]
* [[Michael Baiamonte]] – [[Miami Heat]]
* [[Dan Baker (PA Announcer)|Dan Baker]] – [[Philadelphia Phillies]]
* [[Rex Barney]] – [[Baltimore Orioles]]
* [[Carl Beane]] – [[Boston Red Sox]]
* [[Bruce Binkowski]] – [[San Diego Chargers]], [[San Diego Clippers]], [[San Diego Padres]], and [[San Diego State Aztecs]]
* [[Renel Brooks-Moon]] – [[San Francisco Giants]]
* [[Charlie Brotman]] – [[United States presidential inauguration|U.S. presidential inauguration]] parades, [[History of the Washington Senators (1901–60)|Washington Senators]], [[Washington Nationals]]
* [[Michael Buffer]] – [[boxing]]
* [[Dick Callahan]] – [[Oakland Athletics]], [[California Golden Bears football]], and [[Saint Mary's College of California]]
* [[Mike Carlucci]] – [[Los Angeles Dodgers]], [[Anaheim Ducks]], Winter Olympics hockey
* [[Tom Carnegie]] – [[Indianapolis Motor Speedway]], Indiana high school basketball
* [[Bob Casey (baseball announcer)|Bob Casey]] – [[Minnesota Twins]]
* [[Tony Chimel]] – [[World Wrestling Entertainment]]
* [[Ray Clay]] – [[Chicago Bulls]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zn6kiimEsYc|title=Chicago Bulls Introduction – Game 6 of the 1997 NBA Finals}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EhMNmMwE1VE|title=Chicago Bulls 1998 NBA Championship Rally Lineup Introductions – by Bulls P.A. Announcer Ray Clay}}</ref> [[Chicago Sky]]
* [[Jody Dean]] – [[Dallas Cowboys]]
* [[Mike "The Duke" Donegan]] – [[Tennessee Titans]]
* [[J. Fred Duckett]] – [[Houston Astros]]
* [[Tom Durkin]] – horse racing
* [[Frank Fallon]] – [[NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship]]
* [[Sherm Feller]] – [[Boston Red Sox]]
* [[Howard Finkel]] – [[World Wrestling Entertainment]]
* [[Paul Friedman]] – [[Chicago Cubs]]
* [[Lilian Garcia]] – [[World Wrestling Entertainment]]
* [[Phil Georgeff]] – [[horse racing]]
* [[Marty Glickman]] – (sports announcer)
* [[Halsey Hall]] – [[Minnesota Twins]]
* [[Jim Hall (announcer)|Jim Hall]] – [[New York Giants]] football team, [[New York Yankees]]
* [[Gene Honda]] – [[Chicago White Sox]], [[Chicago Blackhawks]], [[DePaul University]], [[NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship|NCAA Final Four]], and Chicago PBS [[WTTW]]
* [[Tom Hutyler]] – [[Seattle Mariners]]
* [[Andy Jick]] – [[Boston Celtics]]
* [[Dave Johnson (announcer)|Dave Johnson]] – horse racing
* [[Stan Kelly]] – [[San Antonio Spurs]]
* [[Jimmy Lennon, Jr.]] – boxing
* [[Budd Lynch]] – [[Detroit Red Wings]]
* [[John Mason (announcer)|John Mason]] – [[Detroit Pistons]]
* [[Wayne Messmer]] – [[Chicago Cubs]]
* [[Joel Meyers]] – [[St. Louis Cardinals]]
* [[Paul Morris (PA announcer)|Paul Morris]] – [[Toronto Maple Leafs]]
* [[Nick Nickson]] – [[Los Angeles Dodgers]]
* [[Paul Olden]] – [[New York Yankees]]
* [[Eddie Palladino]] – [[Boston Celtics]]
* [[Pat Pieper]] – [[Chicago Cubs]]
* [[Ryan Pritt]] – [[Cleveland Indians]]
* [[John Ramsey (PA Announcer)|John Ramsey]] – [[Los Angeles Dodgers]], [[Los Angeles Kings]], [[Los Angeles Lakers]], [[Los Angeles Rams]], [[Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim|Los Angeles Angels]], [[USC Trojans]]
* [[Alan Roach]] – [[Colorado Avalanche]], [[Colorado Rockies]], and [[Denver Broncos]]
* [[Dan Roberts (announcer)|Dan Roberts]] – [[Utah Jazz]]
* [[Justin Roberts]] – [[World Wrestling Entertainment]]
* [[Olivier Sedra]] – [[Cleveland Cavaliers]]
* [[Bob Sheppard]] – [[New York Yankees]], [[New York Giants]]
* [[Jeff Shreve]] – [[Cleveland Browns]] – [[University of Akron]], [[Canton Charge]], [[Mid-American Conference]]
* [[Lawrence Tanter]] – [[Los Angeles Lakers]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nba.com/lakers/news/tanter_011108.html|title=Broadcasting Live: Lawrence Tanter – Basketball and All That Jazz}}</ref>
* [[Mike Walczewski]] – [[New York Knicks]]
* [[Dave Zinkoff]] – [[Philadelphia 76ers]]
* [[Bob Ford]] - [[Houston Astros]], [[University Of Houston Football]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Sports occupations and roles]]

Speak Now

2014-03-06T08:19:00Z

98.197.171.16: /* Writing and lyrical content */ corrected "Critics praised the song, although some calling is" to "some calling it".

{{About|the album|the song|Speak Now (song)}}
{{Infobox album
| Name = Speak Now
| Type = Studio
| Artist = [[Taylor Swift]]
| Cover = Taylor Swift_-_Speak Now cover.png
| Border = yes
| Released = {{Start date|2010|10|25}}
| Recorded = August 2009–July 2010
| Genre = {{Flat list|
*[[Country music|Country]]
*[[pop music|pop]]<ref name="Allmusic">{{Allmusic|class=album|id=speak-now-r1948200/review|last=Erlewine |first=Stephen Thomas|accessdate=October 25, 2010}}</ref>
}}
| Length = 67:29
| Label = [[Big Machine Records|Big Machine]]
| Producer = {{Flat list|
*[[Nathan Chapman (record producer)|Nathan Chapman]]
*Taylor Swift
}}
| Last album = ''[[Fearless (Taylor Swift album)|Fearless]]'' (2008)
| This album = '''''Speak Now''''' (2010)
| Next album = ''[[Speak Now World Tour – Live]]'' (2011)
| Misc = {{Singles
| Name = Speak Now
| Type = Studio
| Single 1 = [[Mine (Taylor Swift song)|Mine]]
| Single 1 date = {{Start date|2010|08|04}}
| Single 2 = [[Back to December]]
| Single 2 date = {{start date|2010|11|15}}
| Single 3 = [[Mean (song)|Mean]]
| Single 3 date = {{Start date|2011|03|07}}
| Single 4 = [[The Story of Us (song)|The Story of Us]]
| Single 4 date = {{Start date|2011|04|19}}
| Single 5 = [[Sparks Fly (song)|Sparks Fly]]
| Single 5 date = {{Start date|2011|06|18}}
| Single 6 = [[Ours (song)|Ours]]
| Single 6 date = {{Start date|2011|11|08}}
}}
{{Extra album cover
| Upper caption = Deluxe edition cover
| Type = album
| Cover = Speak Now Deluxe.png
| Border = yes
| Lower caption = The cover for the deluxe edition
}}}}

'''''Speak Now''''' is the third [[studio album]] by American singer-songwriter [[Taylor Swift]]. It was released on October 25, 2010, by [[Big Machine Records]]. Production for the album took place during 2008 to 2010 at several recording studios, and was handled by Swift and [[Nathan Chapman (record producer)|Nathan Chapman]]. Written entirely by Swift as the follow-up to ''[[Fearless (Taylor Swift album)|Fearless]]'' (2008), ''Speak Now'' expands on the [[country pop]] style of her previous work, and features lyrical themes concerning love, romance and heartbreak. A deluxe edition was released on the same day exclusively to US [[Target Corporation|Target]] stores; it contained three extra bonus tracks and two acoustic versions as well as a pop remix of "Mine". Internationally, another deluxe edition was released containing the same three bonus songs and acoustic songs, and three US versions. In 2012, the Target exclusive was released to a wider distribution in the US.

''Speak Now'' received generally positive reviews from [[music criticism|music critic]]s, who complimented Swift's songwriting and themes. The album debuted at number one on the US [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]] chart, selling approximately 1,047,000 units in its first week. Due to strong digital sales, all fourteen songs from the standard edition of the album charted on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]], with the lead single "[[Mine (Taylor Swift song)|Mine]]" having the highest peak of number three. Six singles were released from the album, including the [[Hot Country Songs|US Country]] number-one hits "[[Sparks Fly (song)|Sparks Fly]]" and "[[Ours (song)|Ours]]". ''Speak Now'' was also an international success, charting within the top 10 in several countries, including Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom.

Swift promoted the album with an international tour, [[Speak Now World Tour]], throughout 2011. According to Swift's label Big Machine Records, as of September 2011, ''Speak Now'' has sold over 5.8 million copies worldwide.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stockrants.com/2011/09/21/taylor-swift-to-release-speak-now-world-tour-live-concert-cddvd-cdblu-ray-set-on-november-21st.html |title=Taylor Swift to Release SPEAK NOW WORLD TOUR – LIVE, Concert CD/DVD & CD/Blu-Ray Set, on November 21st |publisher=StockRants |date=September 21, 2011 |accessdate=March 19, 2012}}</ref> The album has been certified [[RIAA certification|quadruple platinum]] by the [[Recording Industry Association of America]] (RIAA) and, as of October 2012, has sold 4.2 million copies in the United States.

== Background and recording ==
Swift worked on the album for two years prior to its release.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite news|last=John |first=Christopher |url=http://blogs.wsj.com/speakeasy/2010/07/21/taylor-swift-sets-release-date-for-new-album-speak-now/ |title=Taylor Swift Sets Release Date for New Album 'Speak Now' – Speakeasy — WSJ |work=The Wall Street Journal |date= July 21, 2010|accessdate=July 22, 2010}}</ref> Swift wrote all of the songs on the album without co-writers. Speaking on a live webcast on July 20, 2010, she said, "I actually wrote all the songs myself for this record. It didn't really happen on purpose, it just sort of happened. Like, I'd get my best ideas at 3:00 am in Arkansas, and I didn't have a co-writer around and I would just finish it."<ref name="theboot1">{{cite web|author=Nancy Dunham |url=http://www.theboot.com/2010/07/21/taylor-swift-online-fan-chat/ |title=Taylor Swift on New Album, New Home, Favorite Fan Moments |publisher=The Boot |accessdate=July 22, 2010}}</ref> In an analysis of Swift's lyrics, ''[[The Oxonian Review]]'' noted themes of regret and solitude, highlighting that "December is a month to get through so we can return to the beginning, and is certainly not a month to relish. Yet, Swift goes there—'all the time'—in 'Back to December' by delivering an apology to an ex-boyfriend, which she never did on her prior two albums."<ref>[http://www.oxonianreview.org/wp/taylor-swift-needs-a-gap-year/ Taylor Swift needs a gap year]. ''[[The Oxonian Review]]''. Retrieved on 2010-11-02.</ref> Music writer [[Stephen Thomas Erlewine]] viewed that the album musically is "no great progression from ''[[Fearless (Taylor Swift album)|Fearless]]'' but rather a subtle shift toward pure pop with the country accents [...] used as flavoring".<ref name="Allmusic"/>

Recording sessions for the album took place at several recording locations, including Aimeeland Studio, Blackbird Studios, and [[Capitol Studios]] in Hollywood, California, Pain in the Art Studio, and Starstruck Studios in Nashville, Tennessee, and Stonehurst Studio in Bowling Green, Kentucky.<ref>[http://www.webcitation.org/5tzzi5sS3 Product Page: ''Speak Now'']. [[Muze]]. Retrieved on 2010-11-03.</ref> Some of the songs feature live [[String section|strings]], and some, a full orchestra.<ref name="RollingStone">{{cite web|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/17386/183729|title=Taylor Swift Announces Third Album, 'Speak Now'|work=Rolling Stone|first=Daniel|last=Kreps|date=July 21, 2010|accessdate=August 1, 2010}}</ref>

=== Title significance ===
According to Big Machine Records president/CEO [[Scott Borchetta]], the album's original title was ''Enchanted''. He explained: "We were at lunch, and she had played me a bunch of the new songs. I looked at her and I'm like, 'Taylor, this record isn't about fairy tales and high school anymore. That's not where you're at. I don't think the record should be called ''Enchanted.''" After the discussion, Swift then excused herself from the table at that point. By the time she came back, she had the ''Speak Now'' title, which comes closer to representing the evolution that the album represents in her career and in her still-young understanding of the world.<ref>{{cite news|last=Roland |first=Tom |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/10/15/us-swift-idUSTRE69E5RK20101015?pageNumber=3 |title=Taylor Swift ready to Speak Now with third album |publisher=Reuters |date= October 15, 2010|accessdate=March 27, 2011}}</ref>

== Writing and lyrical content ==
Swift wrote all of the songs by herself. The opening track, "[[Mine (Taylor Swift song)|Mine]]", is also released as the lead single from the album. Swift explained that the uptempo [[Country pop|country-pop]] song is about her tendency to run from love.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a247848/taylor-swift-confirms-new-single-details.html|title=Taylor Swift confirms new single details|date=2010-07-21|first=Ryan|last=Love|publisher=''[[Digital Spy]]''|accessdate =2011-01-12}}</ref> Critics praised the song, although some calling it “formulaic” for resonating her earlier work.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitalspy.ie/music/singlesreviews/a284473/taylor-swift-mine.html|title=Taylor Swift: 'Mine'|last=Levine|first=Nick|date=2010-10-18|work=Digital Spy|accessdate=2011-01-12}}</ref> "[[Sparks Fly (song)|Sparks Fly]]" was composed by Swift when she was sixteen, prior her debut to the music scene,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OOPFMrF7v4Q|title= YouTube Presents Taylor Swift|date=September 1, 2011|author=[[Taylor Swift]]|work=YouTube|publisher=[[Google|Google Inc.]]|accessdate=September 8, 2011}}</ref> and first performed during one of her concerts in 2007. The song has gone several revisions on its lyrics, and removed the banjo that originally has.<ref name="Peakcock">{{cite web|url=http://www.roughstock.com/blog/taylor-swift-sparks-fly-single-review|title=Taylor Swift – "Sparks Fly"|publisher=Bobby Peacock. Roughstock|date=Last Updated: August 8, 2011|accessdate=August 8, 2011}}</ref> Swift explained that the song is “falling for someone who you maybe shouldn't fall for, but you can't stop yourself because there's such a connection and chemistry.”<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tasteofcountry.com/taylor-swift-sparks-fly/|title=Taylor Swift, 'Sparks Fly' – Song Review|date=July 4, 2011|work=Taste of Country|publisher=[[Townsquare Media]]|accessdate=August 11, 2011}}</ref> "[[Back to December]]" is the third track from the album, and was released as the second single from the album. It received positive reviews from critics, who regarded it as one of the highlights of Speak Now. The song is one of two songs where Swift has first incorporated an orchestra on record,<ref name="latime">{{cite news|author=Randy Lewis |url=http://articles.latimes.com/2010/oct/24/entertainment/la-ca-taylor-swift-20101024 |title=Taylor Swift: the next chapter |publisher=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=2010-10-24 |accessdate=2010-12-24| archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20101206222125/http://articles.latimes.com/2010/oct/24/entertainment/la-ca-taylor-swift-20101024| archivedate= 6 December 2010 | deadurl= no}}</ref> and lyrically it is the first time that Swift ever apologizes to someone in a song.<ref name="Digitalspy">{{cite web|author=Jennifer Still |url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a281766/swift-back-to-december-is-an-apology.html |title=Swift: 'Back To December is an apology' |publisher=Digitalspy |date=2010-10-13 |accessdate=2010-11-26| archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20101016044404/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a281766/swift-back-to-december-is-an-apology.html| archivedate= 16 October 2010 | deadurl= no}}</ref> Critics have speculated that the song is Swift's apology to her ex-boyfriend [[Taylor Lautner]].<ref name="Lyrics">{{cite web|url=http://music-mix.ew.com/2010/10/12/taylor-swift-back-to-december-apologizes-taylor-lautner/ |title=Taylor Swift apologizes (to Taylor Lautner?) in 'Back to December' |publisher=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |date=2010-10-12 |accessdate=2010-11-26| archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20101207020124/http://music-mix.ew.com/2010/10/12/taylor-swift-back-to-december-apologizes-taylor-lautner/| archivedate= 7 December 2010 | deadurl= no}}</ref> The [[Speak Now (song)|title track]] followed, which released first as a promotional single.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/taylor-swift-countdown-to/id396466660|title=Countdown to Speak Now|work=iTunes Store|publisher=Apple, Inc|accessdate=October 14, 2010}}</ref> The upbeat country-pop song relies on acoustic guitar and is a narration of from the perspective of a person who crashes her former love's wedding in attempt to win him back.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/955267/taylor-swift-releases-speak-now-title-track|title=Taylor Swift Releases 'Speak Now' Title Track|first=Jason|last=Lipshutz|date=October 5, 2010|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|publisher=[[Nielsen Business Media, Inc]]|accessdate=October 14, 2010}}</ref>

“Dear John” is the longest track from the album which clocks six minutes and forty five seconds.<ref name="Taylor Swift, Angry">{{cite news |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/24/arts/music/24swift.html?_r=1 |title=Taylor Swift Is Angry, Darn It |last=Caramanica |first=Jon |work=The New York Times |date=October 20, 2010 |accessdate=October 23, 2010}}</ref> The song is an “open letter” to an ex-boyfriend, and it is speculated that the song is written to [[John Mayer]], whom Swift has dated from late 2009 to early 2010.<ref name="portraitmagazine">{{cite web|url=http://www.portraitmagazine.net/reviews/albums/speaknow.html|title=Taylor Swift: Speak Now|date=June 6, 2012|work=MySpace.com|publisher=MySpace.com|accessdate=June 6, 2012}}</ref> The song is about being manipulated and betrayed by someone you loved.<ref name="Taylor Swift, Angry"/> The Grammy-winning song "[[Mean (song)|Mean]]" is the sixth track of the album. Critics said that it is one of her most country-sounding song.<ref>{{cite web|author=Bill Lamb |url=http://top40.about.com/b/2010/10/19/taylor-swift-calls-out-the-haters-on-mean.htm |title=Taylor Swift Calls Out the Haters On "Mean" |publisher=About.com |date=2010-10-19 |accessdate=2010-12-19}}</ref> The song's lyrical content addresses those who question Swift's ability to sing.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://music-mix.ew.com/2010/10/19/taylor-swift-john-mayer-mean/|title=Taylor Swift takes on a bully (and John Mayer?) on new album|first=Mandi|last=Bierly|accessdate=2010-11-22|work=EW.com|date=2010-10-19}}</ref> The pop-oriented song "[[The Story of Us (song)|The Story of Us]]" followed which narrates the awkwardness that takes place between two people after they break up.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.taylorswift.com/music#/speak_now/the_story_of_us |title=Taylor Swift Music and Lyrics |publisher=Taylorswift.com |date= |accessdate=2011-10-25}}</ref> The song contains an element of pop-punk with a vibrant beat, electric guitars and a fast-paced chorus.<ref>{{cite news|first=Jon|last= Caramanica|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/24/arts/music/24swift.html?_r=1&pagewanted=2 |title=Taylor Swift Is Angry, Darn It |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=2010-10-20 |accessdate=2011-05-31}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Scott Shetler |url=http://www.aolradioblog.com/2011/04/05/taylor-swift-the-story-of-us/ |title=Taylor Swift, 'The Story of Us' — New Song |publisher=[[AOL LLC]] |date=2011-04-05 |accessdate=2011-05-31}}</ref> “Never Grow Up” is a sweet ballad addressed to a young child from Swift feeling alone as she spends her first night in her new apartment of her own.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=21303|title=Never Grow Up by Taylor Swift}}</ref> Swift explained that the song is about “the fact that I don't quite know how I feel about growing up”.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.last.fm/music/Taylor+Swift/_/Never+Grow+Up|title=Never Grow Up}}</ref>

The power ballad “Enchanted” serves as the ninth track of the album. The song starts with guitar strings and lyrically, it finds Swift singing about meeting a guy she's attracted to without knowing if her instant infatuation is at all reciprocated.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=21221|title=Enchanted by Taylor Swift}}</ref><ref name="PopMatters"/> The song has a length of five minutes and fifty two seconds, thus making it the third longest song in the album.<ref name="PopMatters"/> “Better than Revenge” is one of Swift’s vengeance songs aimed at the young actress Joe Jonas pursued after breaking up with Swift.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=21222|title=Better than Revenge by Taylor Swift}}</ref> The song contains punk rock elements and one of the pop-oriented songs from the album.<ref name="Sputnik"/> “Innocent” is written in response to last year's Kanye West contretemps on the MTV Video Music Awards.<ref name="WP"/> The song is about someone who has lost his path their life, but whose "streaming lights are bright to me."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=20783|title=Innocent by Taylor Swift}}</ref> “Haunted” is the most dramatic song on the album. It starts off with violins and other string instruments, and it is the second song in the album to incorporated an orchestra.<ref name="latime"/> The song is about after a break up, and involves Swift demanding that the guy to “finish what he started.”<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=21304|title=Haunted by Taylor Swift}}</ref>

“Last Kiss” is a country ballad song. Swift explained that the song “is sort of like a letter to somebody.”<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=21305|title=Last Kiss by Taylor Swift}}</ref> The song is rumored to be about [[Joe Jonas]].<ref name="portraitmagazine"/> The song clocks six minutes and seven seconds, making it the second longest song on the album. The closing track “[[Long Live]]”, which also known as “We Will be Remembered”, is about her band and her fans. It is a look towards the future, to wonder what story will be told then about today.<ref name="PopMatters"/> Swift said that “this song for me is like looking at a photo album of all the award shows, and all the stadium shows, and all the hands in the air in the crowd. It's sort of the first love song that I've written to my team.”<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=21223|title=Long Live by Taylor Swift}}</ref>

== Release ==
''Speak Now'' was released worldwide on October 25, 2010 by [[Big Machine Records]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://speaknow13.com/2010/new-cd-released-date-announced-oct-25th/ |title=NEW CD RELEASE DATE ANNOUNCED | Countdown to Taylor Swift's new single |publisher=Speaknow13.com |accessdate=July 22, 2010}}</ref><ref>PR (September 27, 2010). [http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/taylor-swift-launches-speak-now-album-release-with-3-week-itunes-countdown-103860988.html Taylor Swift Launches Speak Now Album Release With 3-Week iTunes Countdown]. [[PR Newswire]]. Retrieved on 2010-10-26.</ref> It was made available for [[music download|digital download]] by the [[iTunes Store]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/speak-now/id399727924|title=Speak Now|publisher=iTunes.com|accessdate=July 21, 2011}}</ref> The album's official cover was premiered through ''[[Us Weekly]]'' on August 18, 2010.<ref>[http://www.usmagazine.com/moviestvmusic/news/check-out-taylor-swifts-new-album-cover-2010188 Check Out Taylor Swift's New Album Cover] – ''[[Us Weekly]]'' Wednesday – August 18, 2010 – 2:28 pm</ref> It was also released on [[LP record|vinyl LP]] on November 22, 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amazon.com/dp/B00428CCPW|title=Speak Now Vinyl|publisher=Amazon.com|accessdate=July 31, 2011}}</ref> On December 20, 2010 a [[karaoke]] version of the album was released featuring the album as a [[CD+G]] and a DVD.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.amazon.com/dp/B004F4HWO4 |title=Speak Now Karaoke |publisher=Amazon.com |accessdate=July 3, 2011}}</ref>

== Marketing ==
Swift performed the song "Innocent" at the [[2010 MTV Video Music Awards]] on September 12, 2010. Some of the tracks were previewed in advance of the release date: "[[Speak Now (song)|Speak Now]]" on October 4, "[[Back to December]]" on October 11, and "[[Mean (song)|Mean]]" on October 18, 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.taylorswift.com/news/o1287965052241?post=speak-now-3-week-itunes-countdown0.69034700%201287776315#o1287965052241 |title=Taylor Swift News and Blog |publisher=Taylorswift.com |accessdate=December 25, 2010}}</ref> These three were subsequently released to the [[iTunes Store]] the following day, respectively.<ref name="Rolling">{{Cite news|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1648777/20100927/swift__taylor.jhtml|title=Taylor Swift Rolling Out ''Speak Now'' Tracks Early|date=September 27, 2010|first=Jocelyn|last=Vena|publisher=[[MTV News]]|accessdate=September 27, 2010}}</ref> Additionally, "The Story of Us" was previewed October 22, 2010, through [[Comcast]] on-demand and XfinityTv.com.<ref name="Rolling" /> "Speak Now" debuted on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] at number eight and on the ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' [[Hot Country Songs]] chart at number sixty the week of October 11, 2010, selling 217,000 digital downloads.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/content_display/industry/e3id48ea20039ae74bdfcc9ebf4439e73c1|title=Chart Moves: 'Glee,' Mavis Staples, Stephen Colbert, 'Social Network,' Pink |first=Keith|last=Caulfield|first2=Silvio|last2=Pietroluongo|date=October 14, 2010|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc|accessdate=October 14, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/column/chartbeat/chart-highlights-country-dance-club-play-1004120283.story|title=Chart Highlights: Country, Dance/Club Play Songs & More|date=October 11, 2010|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc|accessdate=October 11, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.billboard.com/news/toby-keith-s-gun-fires-at-no-1-on-billboard-1004120559|title=Toby Keith's 'Gun' Fires at No. 1 on Billboard 200|date=October 13, 2010|first=Keith|last=Caulfield|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc|accessdate=October 13, 2010}}</ref> "Back to December" debuted at number six on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, with 242,000 digital downloads.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/content_display/genre/e3i493aa786b5893edc9b7afa6eb4f225b5|title=Chart Moves: Lil Wayne, David Archuleta, Taylor Swift, Kanye West|date=October 21, 2010|first=Keith|last=Caulfield|first2=Silvio|last2=Pietroluongo|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc|accessdate=October 21, 2010}}</ref> "Mean" debuted at number 11 on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100 with 163,000 downloads.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/content_display/genre/e3ifa81d8937706f99fbd198110deb7f7d3|title=Chart Moves: Susan Boyle, Willow Smith, Taylor Swift, Bo Burnham, Cee Lo|date=October 28, 2010|first=Keith|last=Caulfield|first2=Silvio|last2=Pietroluongo|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc|accessdate=October 28, 2010}}</ref> All fourteen songs on the standard edition of the album have charted on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]], with ten tracks debuting the week of the album's release. The highest-charting of these was "[[Sparks Fly (song)|Sparks Fly]]" at number seventeen with 113,000 downloads.<ref name="caulfield">{{Cite news|url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/content_display/industry/e3if13877e698a1cce20e466a7d37767515|title=Chart Moves: Taylor Swift, Michael Jackson, Rihanna, Kanye West|date=November 4, 2010|first=Keith|last=Caulfield| first2=Silvio|last2=Pietroluongo|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc|accessdate=November 4, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://new.music.yahoo.com/blogs/chart_watch/68916/week-ending-oct-31-2010-acool-million-for-swift/;_ylt=AjJwmMz_fn5TtLICoBnKMKcPwiUv |title=Week Ending Oct. 31, 2010: A Cool Million For Swift — Chart Watch |publisher=New.music.yahoo.com |date=November 3, 2010 |accessdate=March 27, 2011}}</ref>

On July 15, 2011, Swift's official website announced that she had partnered with [[Elizabeth Arden#Elizabeth Arden today|Elizabeth Arden]] to launch a fragrance, which was released in October 2011. The fragrance's name, "Wonderstruck", is a reference to the song "Enchanted".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.taylorswift.com/news/o1287965052241?month=july&year=2011#57124|title=Taylor Launches Wonderstruck|publisher=TaylorSwift.com|accessdate=July 17, 2011}}</ref> The fragrance made its in-store appearance on November 16, 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.taylorswift.com/news/52173|title=Wonderstruck In-store Appearances|publisher=TaylorSwift.com|accessdate=November 20, 2011}}</ref> On November 8, 2011, Swift released two more promotional singles from the album, "If This Was a Movie" and "Superman", both were made available for digital download by iTunes.<ref name="itunes">"If This Was a Movie" and "Superman" references:
*{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/if-this-was-a-movie/id475655794?i=475655795 |title=iTunes — Music — If This Was a Movie — Single by Taylor Swift |publisher=Itunes.apple.com |date=November 8, 2011 |accessdate=November 16, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/superman/id475655086?i=475655087 |title=iTunes — Music — Superman — Single by Taylor Swift |publisher=Itunes.apple.com |date=November 8, 2011 |accessdate=November 16, 2011}}</ref>

"Haunted", along with the promotional releases, charted on the Billboard 100 at number ninety-eight<ref>{{cite web|url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=taylor swift|chart=all}} |title=Top 100 Music Hits, Top 100 Music Charts, Top 100 Songs & The Hot 100 |work=Billboard |date=November 19, 2011 |accessdate=November 24, 2011}}</ref> and Billboard Hot Digital Songs at number seventy-one.

== Tour ==
{{Main|Speak Now World Tour}}

[[File:Taylor Swift 2011 2.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Swift performing on the album's supporting tour]]
To promote the album – a tour – entitled the [[Speak Now World Tour]] was announced on November 23, 2010 by ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]''.<ref name="autogenerated1"/> The tour began with a six-day leg in Asia, from February 9 to 21, 2011.<ref name="autogenerated1"/> The tour then ventured in Europe during the month of March, before Swift began the North American leg of the tour on May 21, 2011. The North American leg ended in New York City on November 22, 2011, with a total of 80 shows.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.soundspike.com/news/tour/1825-taylor_swift_concert_news_tour_dates/ |title=Taylor Swift's "Speak Now" tour to stretch into November |author=Evans, Rob |date=March 24, 2011 |work=Soundspike |publisher=[[MTV Networks]] |accessdate=April 7, 2011}}</ref> The tour extended into 2012 in Oceania.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.2dayfm.com.au/entertainment/the_dirt/blog/taylor-swift-announces-2012-australian-tour/20110811-e71z.html |title=Taylor Swift Announces 2012 Australian Tour |date=August 11, 2011|work=[[2Day FM]] |publisher=[[Austereo Radio Network]] |accessdate=August 18, 2011|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/612pbsRyz |archivedate=August 18, 2011}}</ref>

Critics have praised the tour with Billboard.com claiming that "Swift’s two-hour production was an overwhelming experience. There's an enormous amount of detail that worked to make the Speak Now Tour a sort of next step in country concert presentation....it blended the pacing, the music and the artist's personality in a way that transfixed.” The ''Korean Focus Times'' praised it by saying, “Taylor Swift charms Korea in style, radiant...with pitch-perfect and sincere vocals. The dedication of the fans present was boundless, the cheers of the crowd were sometimes louder than the music itself.” The ''New York Times'' claimed the tour "went off, as did every number, with clockwork professionalism and thousands of voices singing along and screaming between the lines. Ms. Swift, 22, is their superstar....her songs are taut, tuneful narratives.”<ref name="news">{{cite web|url=http://www.taylorswift.com/news/o1287965052241?post=taylor-to-release-live-cd-dvd#o1287965052241 |title=Taylor Swift News and Blog |publisher=Taylorswift.com|date=September 21, 2011|accessdate=September 23, 2011}}</ref>

On August 10, 2011, Swift released a music video for "Sparks Fly", which featured clips taken from four different locations of the tour, which includes one from the show in [[Newark, New Jersey]]. The footage with the rain was captured during one of the summer shows in a stadium.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tasteofcountry.com/taylor-swift-sparks-fly-video/|title=Taylor's New 'Sparks Fly' Video Features Fans and Concert Theatrics|work=Billy Dukes|date=August 10, 2011|publisher=TasteofCountry.com|accessdate=September 23, 2011}}</ref> A [[Speak Now World Tour Live|live album]] of the tour was released on November 21, 2011. The DVD and Blu-ray included with the CD feature all seventeen song performances taken from the North American leg of the tour.<ref name="news" />

== Critical reception ==
{{Album ratings
| rev1 = [[AllMusic]]
| rev1Score = {{Rating|4|5}}<ref name="Allmusic"/>
| rev2 = [[Robert Christgau]]
| rev2Score = A–<ref name="Christgau"/>
| rev3 = ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]''
| rev3Score = B+<ref name="EW">{{cite web |url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20436681,00.html |title=Speak Now |last=Greenblatt |first=Leah |work=Entertainment Weekly |date=October 25, 2010 |accessdate=October 25, 2010}}</ref>
| rev4 = ''[[The Guardian]]''
| rev4Score = {{Rating|4|5}}<ref name="Guardian">{{cite news |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2010/dec/09/taylor-swift-speak-now-review |title=Taylor Swift: Speak Now — review |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |work=The Guardian |date=October 9, 2010 |accessdate=January 2, 2011 |location=London}}</ref>
| rev5 = ''[[Los Angeles Times]]''
| rev5Score = {{Rating|3|4}}<ref name="LAT"/>
| rev6 = ''[[Paste (magazine)|Paste]]''
| rev6Score = 7.1/10<ref name="Stinson">{{cite journal|last=Stinson|first=Liz|date=October 29, 2010|url=http://www.pastemagazine.com/articles/2010/10/taylor-swift-speak-now-review.html|title=Taylor Swift Speak Now Review|journal=[[Paste (magazine)|Paste]]|location=Decatur|accessdate=December 7, 2012}}</ref>
| rev7 = [[PopMatters]]
| rev7Score = 8/10<ref name="PopMatters"/>
| rev8 = ''[[Rolling Stone]]''
| rev8Score = {{Rating|4|5}}<ref name="RS">{{cite web |url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/reviews/album/45342/225745 |title=Speak Now by Taylor Swift |last=Sheffield |first=Rob |work=Rolling Stone |date=October 26, 2010 |accessdate=October 26, 2010}}</ref>
| rev9 = [[Slant Magazine]]
| rev9Score = {{Rating|3|5}}<ref name="Slant"/>
| rev10 = ''[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]]''
| rev10Score = 7/10<ref name="Spin">{{cite web |url=http://www.spin.com/reviews/taylor-swift-speak-now-big-machine |title=Taylor Swift, 'Speak Now' (Big Machine) |last=Wood |first=Mikael |work=[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]] |date=October 26, 2010 |accessdate=October 26, 2010}}</ref>
}}
''Speak Now'' received generally positive reviews from [[music criticism|music critic]]s. At [[Metacritic]], which assigns a [[Standard score|normalized]] rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an [[weighted mean|average]] score of 77, based on 20 reviews.<ref>[http://www.metacritic.com/music/speak-now ''Speak Now'' (2010): Reviews]. [[Metacritic]]. Retrieved on 2010-10-26.</ref> [[AllMusic]]'s [[Stephen Thomas Erlewine]] commended Swift's mature lyrics and stated, "she writes from the perspective of the moment yet has the skill of a songwriter beyond her years".<ref name="AllMusic">{{AllMusic|class=album|id=speak-now-r1948200/review|last=Erlewine |first=Stephen Thomas|accessdate=October 25, 2010}}</ref> [[Ann Powers]] of the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' wrote that "she makes memorable music by {{sic|honing}} in on the tiny stuff: the half-notes in a hummed phrase, the lyrical images that communicate precisely what it’s like to feel uncomfortable, or disappointed, or happy".<ref name="LAT">{{cite news |url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/music_blog/2010/10/album-review-taylor-swifts-speak-now.html |title=Album review: Taylor Swift's 'Speak Now' |last=Powers |first=Ann |work=Los Angeles Times |date=October 25, 2010 |accessdate=October 25, 2010}}</ref> Rudy Klapper of [[Sputnikmusic]] called it "the best pop record of the year".<ref name="Sputnik">{{cite web |url=http://www.sputnikmusic.com/review/39865/Taylor-Swift-Speak-Now/ |title=Taylor Swift — Speak Now (staff review) |last=Rudy |first=Klapper |publisher=[[Sputnikmusic]]|date=October 25, 2010 |accessdate=October 25, 2010}}</ref> Jon Caramanica of ''[[The New York Times]]'' called ''Speak Now'' a "bravura work of nontransparent transparency ... the most savage of her career, and also the most musically diverse. And it's excellent too, possibly her best".<ref name="NYT">{{cite news |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/24/arts/music/24swift.html?_r=1 |title=Taylor Swift, Angry on 'Speak Now' |last=Caramanica |first=Jon |work=The New York Times |date=October 20, 2010 |accessdate=October 23, 2010}}</ref>

[[MSN Music]]'s [[Robert Christgau]] said that, although the songs are "overlong and overworked", they "evince an effort that bears a remarkable resemblance to care—that is, to caring in the best, broadest, and most emotional sense".<ref name="Christgau">{{cite web |url=http://social.entertainment.msn.com/music/blogs/expert-witness-blogpost.aspx?post=c271e36b-4d73-4981-8aaf-98b4e0da5d21 |title=Now That's What I Call Club Hits 2/Taylor Swift |last=Christgau |first=Robert |publisher=[[MSN Music]] |date=February 4, 2011 |accessdate=February 5, 2011 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5wG7oRWH5 |archivedate=February 5, 2011}}</ref> Dave Heaton of [[PopMatters]] observed "a richer array of narratives and even more songs about that process of turning your life into a narrative".<ref name="PopMatters">{{cite web |url=http://www.popmatters.com/pm/review/133940-taylor-swift-speak-now/ |title=Taylor Swift: Speak Now — PopMatters |last=Heaton |first=Dave |publisher=[[PopMatters]] |date=October 30, 2010 |accessdate=January 2, 2011}}</ref> Theon Weber of ''[[The Village Voice]]'' perceived Swift's songwriting strength as "not confessional, but dramatic" and stated "Like a procession of country songwriters before her, she creates characters and situations—some from life—and finds potent ways to describe them".<ref name="Voice">{{cite web |url=http://www.villagevoice.com/2010-11-03/music/the-iceberg-songs-of-taylor-swift/ |title=The Iceberg Songs of Taylor Swift |last=Weber |first=Theon |publisher=[[The Village Voice]] |date=November 3, 2010 |accessdate=November 3, 2010}}</ref> Weber described the album's songs as "iceberg songs" and elaborated on how Swift's talent grows "in proportion" to her [[artistic freedom]]:

{{quote|Swift enjoys slipping in and out of identities, and her best songs are constructed from multiple, superimposed points of view. She also likes using a tossed-off phrase to suggest large and serious things that won't fit in the song, things that enhance or subvert the surface narrative ... She's more comfortable inside these new songs, and cleverer ... She can still sound strained and thin, and often strays into a pitch that drives some people crazy; but she's learned how to make words sound like what they mean.<ref name="Voice"/>}}

In a mixed review, Allison Stewart of ''[[The Washington Post]]'' called the album "ridiculously entertaining [...] a lengthy, captivating exercise in woo-pitching, flame tending and score-settling", but found it "long: 14 wordy, stretched-thin, occasionally repetitive songs".<ref name="WP">{{cite news |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/10/24/AR2010102402488.html |title=Album review: Taylor Swift, "Speak Now" |last=Stewart |first=Allison |work=The Washington Post |date=October 24, 2010 |accessdate=October 24, 2010}}</ref> [[Slant Magazine]]'s Jonathan Keefe found Swift's singing "technically poor" and her lyrics "generally lack[ing] the variety and sophistication of her compositions", which he called "expertly crafted pop music".<ref name="Slant">{{cite web |url=http://www.slantmagazine.com/music/review/taylor-swift-speak-now/2300 |title=Taylor Swift: Speak Now |last=Keefe |first=Jonathan |publisher=[[Slant Magazine]] |date=October 25, 2010 |accessdate=October 25, 2010}}</ref>

=== Accolades ===

Several music critics and publications included ''Speak Now'' in their year-end list. The album was ranked number thirteen on ''[[Rolling Stone]]''{{'}}s year-end best albums list for 2010.<ref name="bestsongs">Staff (December 25, 2010). [http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/30-best-albums-of-2010-20101213 The 30 Best Albums of 2010]. ''Rolling Stone''. Retrieved 2011-01-18.</ref> [[About.com]] listed ''Speak Now'' as the best pop album of 2010, calling it "a highly personal, intimate musical document that pulls listeners in with both humor and grace".<ref>{{cite web|last=Lamb|first=Bill|title=Top 10 Pop Albums of 2010|url=http://top40.about.com/od/top10lists/tp/Top-10-Pop-Albums-Of-2010.htm|accessdate=March 8, 2012}}</ref> Allison Stewart of ''[[The Washington Post]]'' named the album the tenth best of 2010,<ref>{{cite web|last=Stewart|first=Allison|title=Lists: Allison Stewart picks her top ten albums of 2010
|url=http://blog.washingtonpost.com/clicktrack/2010/12/lists_allison_stewart_picks_he.html|accessdate=December 20, 2010}}</ref> and ''[[The New York Times]]''' Jon Caramanica rank ''Speak Now'' number two in his top ten albums list, stating that "her songs are more diverse, her images more severe, her blade sharper."<ref>{{cite news|last=CARAMANICA|first=JON|title=The Purpler the Bruise, the Sweeter the Song|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/19/arts/music/19caramanica.html?_r=2|accessdate=December 16, 2010}}</ref> Jim Malec of American Noise rank ''Speak Now'' number six on his Top 10 Country Music Albums of 2010 and named it the "most courageous" release of 2010.<ref>{{cite web|title=Top 10 Country Music Albums of 2010|url=http://americannoise.com/top-10-country-music-albums-of-2010/|accessdate=March 8, 2012|date=December 29, 2010}}</ref> [[PopMatters]] ranked it at number five on its list of the best country albums of 2010,<ref>{{cite web|title=The Best Country Music of 2010|url=http://www.popmatters.com/pm/feature/134155-the-best-country-music-of-2010/P1|accessdate=March 8, 2012|date=December 15, 2010}}</ref> while ''The Boot'' ranked it at number two on its top ten country albums of the year.<ref>{{cite web|last=Duvall|first=Erin|title=Top Country Albums of 2010|url=http://www.theboot.com/2010/12/06/top-country-albums-2010/|accessdate=March 8, 2012}}</ref>
In June 2012, the album was included in the "50 best female albums of all time" list by ''Rolling Stone,'' ranking at number forty-five.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/women-who-rock-the-50-greatest-albums-of-all-time-20120622/aretha-franklin-i-never-loved-a-man-the-way-i-love-you-19691231#ixzz1yYVFKGoo |title=Women Who Rock: The 50 Greatest Albums of All Time: Aretha Franklin, 'I Never Loved a Man the Way I Love You' |publisher=Rolling Stone |date= |accessdate=2012-06-23}}</ref>

Aside from critic polls, the album was nominated in 2011 [[Juno Awards]] for [[Juno Award for International Album of the Year|International Album of the Year]], losing to [[Katy Perry]]'s ''[[Teenage Dream (Katy Perry album)|Teenage Dream]].'' It received nominations in 2011 [[Billboard Music Awards]], including Top Billboard 200 Album and Top Country Album in 2011 [[Billboard Music Awards]] and won the latter.<ref>{{cite web|title=Justin Bieber, Taylor Swift, Eminem Top 2011 Billboard Music Awards|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/471540/justin-bieber-taylor-swift-eminem-top-2011-billboard-music-awards|accessdate=May 22, 2011|date=May 22, 20111}}</ref> ''Speak Now'' was nominated for [[Grammy Award for Best Country Album]] at the [[2012 Grammy Awards]] and won the [[Grammy Award for Best Country Solo Performance|Best Country Solo Performance]] and [[Grammy Award for Best Country Song|Best Country Song]] for her song "[[Mean (Taylor Swift song)|Mean]]".<ref>{{cite web|last=Shelburne|first=Craig|title=Grammy Award Nominations Revealed|url=http://www.cmt.com/news/country-music/1675195/grammy-award-nominations-revealed.jhtml|work=CMT|accessdate=December 1, 2011|date=November 30, 2011}}</ref> The album is also nominated for Album of the Year in [[Academy of Country Music Awards]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Academy of Country Music Awards 2011 Nominees Announced: Will You Be Watching the ACM Awards?|url=http://voices.yahoo.com/academy-country-music-awards-2011-7986786.html?cat=33|accessdate=March 3, 2011|date=March 3, 2011}}</ref> [[Country Music Association Awards]],<ref>{{cite web|title=2011 CMA Awards nominees, winners|url=http://www.usatoday.com/life/music/awards/story/2011-11-09/2011-cma-awards-nominees-winners/51144594/1|accessdate=November 11, 2011|date=November 11, 2011}}</ref> and [[American Country Awards]],<ref>{{cite web|title=The American Country Awards Nominees|url=http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2011/12/05/american-country-awards-nominees/|accessdate=December 5, 2011|date=December 5, 2011}}</ref> and won the favorite country album in [[American Music Awards of 2011]].<ref>{{cite web|title=2011 AMAs Winners|url=http://abc.go.com/shows/american-music-awards/winners/ThemeGallery/889894|accessdate=March 8, 2012|date=December 29, 2010}}</ref>

== Commercial performance ==
''Speak Now'' debuted at number one on the US [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]] chart, its sales of 1,047,000 copies making it just the 16th album in United States history to sell one million copies in a single week. It was the second biggest debut ever for a female artist — later pushed down to third biggest by [[Lady Gaga]]'s ''[[Born This Way]]'' and then fourth by her own album, ''[[Red (Taylor Swift album)|Red]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://music.yahoo.com/blogs/chart-watch/week-ending-may-29-2011-albums-gaga-goes-on-sale.html;_ylt=AqOEt7KYQdzC3QBgrfX7_xsPwiUv;_ylu=X3oDMTFmcXBwOGY0BG1pdANNdXNpYyBCbG9nIEluZGV4BHBvcwMxMzIEc2VjA01lZGlhQmxvZ0luZGV4;_ylg=X3oDMTFvcGs0cnBnBGludGwDdXMEbGFuZwNlbi11cwRwc3RhaWQDBHBzdGNhdANibG9nBHB0A3NlY3Rpb25zBHRlc3QD;_ylv=3|publisher=Yahoo! Music |title=Week Ending May 29, 2011. Albums: Gaga Goes On Sale|first1=Paul|last1=Grein|date=June 1, 2011 |accessdate=December 18, 2011}}</ref>- the second biggest ever by a country album, the biggest in five and one half years, and the biggest of 2010.<ref name="US">{{Cite news|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/951902/taylor-swift-sells-over-1-million-in-record-billboard-200-debut|title=Taylor Swift Sells Over 1 Million in Record Billboard 200 Debut|date=November 3, 2010|first=Keith|last=Caulfield|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc|accessdate=November 3, 2010}}</ref><ref name="Yahoo">{{cite web|url=http://music.yahoo.com/blogs/chart-watch/week-ending-oct-31-2010-a-cool-million-for-swift.html;_ylt=Ahp.6hHLe2AI7iGHFhmOnC0PwiUv;_ylu=X3oDMTFlaHJ2Yjk4BG1pdANNdXNpYyBCbG9nIEluZGV4BHBvcwMxMgRzZWMDTWVkaWFCbG9nSW5kZXg-;_ylg=X3oDMTFvcGs0cnBnBGludGwDdXMEbGFuZwNlbi11cwRwc3RhaWQDBHBzdGNhdANibG9nBHB0A3NlY3Rpb25zBHRlc3QD;_ylv=3|title=Week Ending Oct. 31, 2010: A Cool Million For Swift|last1=Grein|first1=Paul|publisher=Yahoo! Music |accessdate=December 18, 2011 |date=November 3, 2010}}</ref> ''Speak Now'' also set a new record for the biggest one-week sales tally for an album by a female country artist, surpassing [[Shania Twain]]'s ''[[Up! (album)|Up!]]''.<ref name="Yahoo"/> It is Swift's second US number-one album.<ref name="US"/> In its second week on the ''Billboard'' 200, the album remained at number one and sold 320,000 copies.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/951296/country-albums-rule-top-three-on-billboard-200|title=Country Albums Rule Top Three on Billboard 200|work=Caulfield, Keith|date=November 10, 2010|work=Billboard |accessdate=November 10, 2010}}</ref> It dropped to number two and sold 212,000 copies in its third week.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/950793/susan-boyle-tops-billboard-200-glee-reigns-on-digital-songs |title=Top 100 Music Hits, Top 100 Music Charts, Top 100 Songs & The Hot 100 |work=Billboard |accessdate=December 25, 2010}}</ref> In its fourth week, ''Speak Now'' dropped to number nine and sold 146,000 copies.<ref>Caulfield, Keith. [http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/950333/susan-boyles-gift-tops-rihanna-kid-rock-on-billboard-200 "Susan Boyle's 'Gift' Tops Rihanna, Kid Rock on Billboard 200"]. billboard.com. November 24, 2010.</ref> In its fifth week, it rose to number four and sold 241,000 copies.<ref>Caulfield, Keith. [http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/950035/kanye-west-nicki-minaj-score-big-debuts-on-billboard-200 "Kanye West, Nicki Minaj Score Big Debuts on Billboard 200"]. billboard.com. December 1, 2010.</ref> ''Speak Now'' returned to the top spot on its eight week with over 259,000 copies sold.<ref>{{cite web|author=NAME: |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/948887/swift-back-at-no-1-on-billboard-200-michael-bows-at-no-3|title=Swift Back at No. 1 on Billboard 200, 'Michael' Bows at No. 3|work=Billboard |accessdate=December 22, 2010}}</ref> The album was able to top the ''Billboard 200'' again on the succeeding three weeks, giving a total of six non-consecutive weeks at number one.<ref>{{cite web|author=NAME: |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/473677/taylor-swifts-speak-now-takes-no-1-in-record-low-sales-week|title=Taylor Swift's 'Speak Now' Takes No. 1 in Record-Low Sales Week|work=Billboard |accessdate=January 12, 2011}}</ref> After only 10 weeks in release, ''Speak Now'' became the third best-selling album of 2010 in the United States, with sales of 2,960,000 copies.<ref>{{cite web|author=NAME: |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/473767/eminems-recovery-is-2010s-best-selling-album-katy-perrys-california-gurls-top|title=Eminem's 'Recovery' Is 2010's Best-Selling Album; Katy Perry's 'California Gurls' Top Digital Song|work=Billboard |accessdate=March 19, 2012}}</ref> The album had sold 681,000 digital copies as of January 2012, making it the tenth best selling digital album of all time.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://music.yahoo.com/blogs/thats-really-week/january-2-8-rihanna-top-selling-digital-artist-105307548.html|title=January 2–8: Rihanna: The Top Selling Digital Artist Of All Time|work=Billy Johnson, Jr.|date=January 7, 2012}}</ref> On October 25, 2010, the album was certified [[RIAA certification|quadruple platinum]] by the [[Recording Industry Association of America]] (RIAA),<ref name="RIAA"/> and, as of October 2012, it has sold 4.2 million copies in the US.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/list/474590/taylor-swifts-top-10-biggest-career-moments |title=Taylor Swift's Top 10 Biggest Career Moments |publisher=Billboard |date=2012-12-13 |accessdate=2013-07-13}}</ref> It is Swift's third album to reached this plateau, following ''[[Taylor Swift (album)|Taylor Swift]]'' and ''[[Fearless (Taylor Swift album)|Fearless]], '' making her the first female solo artist to top the 4 million mark with three studio albums in a row in a decade.<ref>{{cite web|author=Paul Grein |url=http://music.yahoo.com/blogs/chart-watch/week-ending-feb-26-2012-albums-half-top-160050213.html |title=Week Ending Feb. 26, 2012. Albums: Half of the Top 10 |publisher=Music.yahoo.com |accessdate=February 29, 2012}}</ref>

All fourteen songs on the album and three bonus tracks have charted on the US ''Billboard'' Hot 100, eleven of them charted concurrently making Swift just the third artist in history and first female artist to have over ten concurrent Hot 100 hits. ''Speak Now'' is also the only album in history to spawn seventeen Hot 100 hits. It produced four top ten, seven top twenty, and nine top thirty hits.<ref>The songs that charted reference:
*{{cite web|url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=taylor swift|chart=Hot 100}}|title=Taylor Swift Singles Chart History|work=Billboard |accessdate=November 21, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=taylor swift|chart=Country Songs}}|title=Taylor Swift Singles Chart History|work=Billboard |accessdate=November 21, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=taylor swift|chart=Pop Songs B}}|title=Taylor Swift Singles Chart History|work=Billboard |accessdate=November 21, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=taylor swift|chart=Adult Pop Songs}}|title=Taylor Swift Singles Chart History|work=Billboard |accessdate=November 21, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=taylor swift|chart=Adult Contemporary}}|title=Taylor Swift Singles Chart History|work=Billboard |accessdate=November 21, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=taylor swift|chart=all}}|title=Speak Now (song) – Taylor Swift|work=Billboard |accessdate=November 21, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/charts/2010-11-13/country-songs?order=gainer |title=Top Country Songs & Charts, Country Music Hits & Popular Country Music Charts |work=Billboard |date=November 13, 2010 |accessdate=November 24, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/industry/record-labels/rihanna-still-reigns-hot-100-but-taylor-1005537412.story |title=Rihanna Still Reigns Hot 100, But Taylor Swift's 'Movie' Debuts in Top 10 |publisher=Billboard.biz |accessdate=November 24, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/content_display/genre/news/e3ifa81d8937706f99fbd198110deb7f7d3 |title=Chart Moves: Susan Boyle, Willow Smith, Taylor Swift, Bo Burnham, Cee Lo |publisher=Billboard.biz |date=October 28, 2010 |accessdate=November 24, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/charts/2011-07-09/country-songs|title=Country Songs Chart|work=Billboard |accessdate=November 21, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/content_display/industry/news/e3if13877e698a1cce20e466a7d37767515 |title=Chart Moves: Taylor Swift, Michael Jackson, Rihanna, Kanye West |publisher=Billboard.biz |accessdate=November 24, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/465143/high-five-taylor-swift-back-atop-country-songs |title=High Five: Taylor Swift Back Atop Country Songs — Chart Beat |work=Billboard |accessdate=November 24, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/465099/rihanna-still-atop-hot-100-taylor-swifts-movie-premieres-in-top-10|title=Rihanna Still Atop Hot 100, Taylor Swift's 'Movie' Premieres in Top 10|work=Gary Trust|date=November 16, 2011|work=Billboard |accessdate=November 21, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/charts/2010-11-13/hot-100?order=gainer |title=Top 100 Music Hits, Top 100 Music Charts, Top 100 Songs & The Hot 100 |work=Billboard |date=November 13, 2010 |accessdate=November 24, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=taylor swift|chart=Pop Songs B}}|title=Pop Song Chart|work=Billboard |accessdate=November 21, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=taylor swift|chart=all}}|title=The Story of Us — Taylor Swift|work=Billboard |accessdate=November 21, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=taylor swift|chart=Adult Contemporary}}|title=Adult Contemporary Chart|work=Billboard |accessdate=November 21, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.chartsinfrance.net/communaute/index.php?/topic/37143-top-usa-03112010/ |title=Top Usa – 03/11/2010 – Pure Charts |publisher=Chartsinfrance.net |accessdate=November 24, 2011}}</ref>

''Speak Now'' also garnered success outside the US. The album entered at number one on the [[Canadian Albums Chart]], selling 62,000 copies.<ref name="CAN">{{Cite news|url=http://jam.canoe.ca/Music/Artists/S/Swift_Taylor/2010/11/03/15941396.html|title=Taylor Swift shakes up charts|date=November 3, 2010|first=John|last=Williams|work=JAM! Music|publisher=[[Canadian Online Explorer|Canoe.ca]]|accessdate=November 4, 2010}}</ref> It stayed at the top spot on its second week and was later certified triple platinum by the [[Music Canada]] for shipments exceeding 240,000 copies.<ref name="musicanada">{{cite web|url=http://www.musiccanada.com/GPSearchResult.aspx?st=Speak%20Now&ica=False&sa=Taylor%20Swift&sl=&smt=0&sat=-1&ssb=Artist|title=Gold and Platinum|work=''Musiccanada.com''|publisher=[[Music Canada]]|accessdate=July 11, 2011}}</ref> ''Speak Now'' also debuted at number one on [[ARIA Charts|Australian Albums Chart]], became Swift's first number one album in Australia.<ref name="acharts">{{cite web|url=http://acharts.us/album/58255|title=Taylor Swift — Speak Now — Music Charts|work=. αCharts.us.|publisher=acharts.us|accessdate=November 7, 2010}}</ref> It was later certified triple platinum by [[Australian Recording Industry Association]] (ARIA).<ref name="ariacharts1">{{cite web|url=http://www.ariacharts.com.au/pages/charts_display_album.asp?chart=1G50 |title=Australian Record Industry Association |publisher=Ariacharts.com.au |date=December 20, 2010 |accessdate=December 25, 2010}}</ref> The album topped the [[Recording Industry Association of New Zealand|New Zealand Albums Chart]] for two weeks and was certified Platinum by the [[Recording Industry Association of New Zealand]] (RIANZ).<ref name="acharts"/><ref name="radioscope1">{{cite web|url=http://www.radioscope.net.nz/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=79&Itemid=62|title=Latest Gold / Platinum Albums|publisher=radioscope.net.nz}}</ref> ''Speak Now'' also charted within the top ten in five more countries including the United Kingdom where it debuted at number six on the [[UK Albums Chart|Top 40 Albums]] chart and has been certified Gold by the [[British Phonographic Industry]] (BPI).<ref name="acharts"/><ref name="UK">[http://www.webcitation.org/5ttp4tDO6 The Official UK Top 40 Albums Chart – October 31, 2010]. [[BBC Online]]. Retrieved on 2010-10-31.</ref>

As of February 2012, "Mine" sold 2,081,000 copies, "Mean" sold 1,809,000 copies; "Back to December" sold 1,688,000 copies; "Ours" sold 1,224,000; "Sparks Fly" "The Story of Us" and "Speak Now" have sold approximately 841,000 and 500,000 respectively copies.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/chartbeat/480278/ask-billboard-taylor-swifts-career-sales |title=Ask Billboard: Taylor Swift's Career Sales |publisher=Billboard |date=2012-08-25 |accessdate=2013-07-13}}</ref>

== Deluxe edition ==
A deluxe edition was released exclusively to the [[Target Corporation]] and features an alternate cover, with Swift in a red dress instead of the standard edition's purple. It was released on the same day as the standard edition and includes three additional tracks, two [[Acoustic music|acoustic songs]], a pop remix of "Mine", and 30 minutes of enhanced video content: the music video for "Mine", as well as behind-the-scenes footage of its production.<ref name="Target">{{cite web|url=http://www.target.com/Speak-Now-Deluxe-CD-DVD/dp/B004008F58/|title=Speak Now (Deluxe Edition)(CD) – Only at Target|publisher=[[Target Corporation]]|accessdate=October 28, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1647945/20100915/swift__taylor.jhtml|title=Taylor Swift Announces Deluxe Version Of ''Speak Now''|date=September 15, 2010|first=Jocelyn|last=Vena|publisher=[[MTV News]]|accessdate=September 18, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/U/US_PEOPLE_TAYLOR_SWIFT|title=Taylor Swift partners with retailer for new CD|date=September 15, 2010|work=Associated Press|accessdate=September 18, 2010}}</ref> Released on her official website the Target deluxe edition was made available for digital download by Scattertunes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.taylorswift.com/target|title=Taylor Swift SPEAK NOW (Deluxe Edition) V-Album Only at Target|publisher=TaylorSwift.com|accessdate=July 21, 2011}}</ref> A deluxe edition was also released internationally featuring the same three bonus songs, acoustic songs and behind the scenes feature from the deluxe edition at Target. The international deluxe edition contains the US versions of "Mine", "Back to December", and "The Story of Us", and the pop mix video for "Mine".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B004498KUU|title=Speak Now Deluxe Edition|publisher=[[Amazon.com|Amazon.co.uk]]|accessdate=August 5, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amazon.it/dp/B004498KUU|title=Speak Now|publisher=[[Amazon.com|Amazon.it]]|accessdate=August 5, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amazon.fr/dp/B004498KUU|title=Speak Now (Deluxe Edition)|publisher=[[Amazon.com|Amazon.fr]]|accessdate=August 5, 2011}}</ref> On November 8, 2011, the three bonus songs were released individually as singles on iTunes and Amazon.com<ref name="itunes" /><ref name="ours">{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/ours-single/id475655679 |title=iTunes — Music — Ours — Single by Taylor Swift |publisher=[[iTunes|Itunes.apple.com]] |date=November 8, 2011 |accessdate=November 16, 2011}}</ref><ref>Amazon.com Reference:
*{{cite web|url=http://www.amazon.com/Ours/dp/B005ZLSW18/ref=sr_shvl_album_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1321783309&sr=301-1 |title=Ours: Taylor Swift: MP3 Downloads |publisher=Amazon.com |accessdate=November 20, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.amazon.com/If-This-Was-A-Movie/dp/B005ZLSQNW/ref=sr_shvl_album_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1321783488&sr=301-1 |title=If This Was A Movie: Taylor Swift: MP3 Downloads |publisher=Amazon.com |accessdate=November 20, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.amazon.com/Superman/dp/B005ZLSR9U/ref=sr_shvl_album_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1321783529&sr=301-1 |title=Superman: Taylor Swift: MP3 Downloads |publisher=Amazon.com |accessdate=November 20, 2011}}</ref> and the bonus remixes were released individually as singles on iTunes.<ref>Bonus Remixes references:
*{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/back-to-december-acoustic/id475655712 |title=iTunes — Music — Back to December (Acoustic Version) – Single by Taylor Swift |publisher=Itunes.apple.com |date=November 8, 2011 |accessdate=November 28, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/ca/album/haunted-acoustic-version-single/id475475872 |title=iTunes — Music — Haunted (Acoustic Version) – Single by Taylor Swift |publisher=Itunes.apple.com |date=November 8, 2011 |accessdate=November 28, 2011}}
*{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/mine-pop-mix-single/id475655954 |title=iTunes — Music — Mine (Pop Mix) – Single by Taylor Swift |publisher=Itunes.apple.com |date=November 8, 2011 |accessdate=November 28, 2011}}</ref> On January 17, 2012, the Target exclusive deluxe edition was released to other retail stores.<ref>''Speak Now Deluxe Edition'' releases:
*{{cite web|url=http://www.walmart.com/ip/Speak-Now-Deluxe-Edition-2CD/19527884 |title=Speak Now (Deluxe Edition) (2CD), Taylor Swift: Country |publisher=Walmart.com |date=January 17, 2012 |accessdate=January 21, 2012}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.amazon.com/Speak-Now-2-Disc-Deluxe/dp/B006B9XZ1K/ref=sr_1_5?s=music&ie=UTF8&qid=1327176602&sr=1-5 |title=Speak Now [2 Disc Deluxe Edition]: Taylor Swift: Music |publisher=Amazon.com |accessdate=January 21, 2012}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.fye.com/Speak-Now--CD-DVD---Deluxe-Edition--Front-Page_stcVVproductId142501906VVcatId455366VVviewprod.htm |title=Contemporary Country — Speak Now [CD/DVD] [Deluxe Edition] Taylor Swift / CD / 2010 |publisher=FYE |accessdate=January 21, 2012}}</ref>

== Track listing ==
{{Track listing
| all_writing = [[Taylor Swift]]. All songs produced by [[Nathan Chapman (record producer)|Nathan Chapman]] and Swift, except where noted
| total_length = 67:03
| headline = ''Speak Now'' – {{nobold|Standard edition}}

| title1 = [[Mine (Taylor Swift song)|Mine]]
| length1 = 3:50

| title2 = [[Sparks Fly (song)|Sparks Fly]]
| length2 = 4:20

| title3 = [[Back to December]]
| length3 = 4:53

| title4 = [[Speak Now (song)|Speak Now]]
| length4 = 4:00

| title5 = Dear John
| length5 = 6:43

| title6 = [[Mean (song)|Mean]]
| length6 = 3:57

| title7 = [[The Story of Us (song)|The Story of Us]]
| length7 = 4:25

| title8 = Never Grow Up
| length8 = 4:50

| title9 = Enchanted
| length9 = 5:52

| title10 = Better than Revenge
| length10 = 3:37

| title11 = Innocent
| length11 = 5:02

| title12 = Haunted
| length12 = 4:02

| title13 = Last Kiss
| length13 = 6:07

| title14 = [[Long Live]]
| length14 = 5:17
}}
{{Track listing
| collapsed = yes
| headline = ''Speak Now'' – {{nobold|Standard edition (UK [[iTunes Store]] bonus track)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/gb/album/speak-now-bonus-track-version/id399639504|title=Speak Now (Bonus Track Version)|publisher=iTunes Stores|accessdate=November 20, 2011}}</ref>}}

| title15 = Mine
| note15 = US version) (additional production by Dean Gillard and [[Matt Ward (record producer)|Matt Ward]]
| length15 = 3:51
}}
{{Track listing
| collapsed = yes
| headline = ''Speak Now'' – {{nobold|North American deluxe edition (Disc 2)}}

| title15 = [[Ours (song)|Ours]]
| length15 = 3:58

| title16 = If This Was a Movie
| length16 = 3:54

| title17 = Superman
| length17 = 4:36

| title18 = Back to December
| note18 = acoustic
| length18 = 4:52

| title19 = Haunted
| note19 = acoustic
| length19 = 3:37

| title20 = Mine
| note20 = pop mix) (additional production by Dean Gillard and Matt Ward
| length20 = 3:50

| title21 = On the Set: Behind the Scenes "Mine" Music Video
| length21 = 30:21

| title22 = Mine
| note22 = music video
| length22 = 3:55
}}
{{Track listing
| collapsed = yes
| headline = ''Speak Now'' – {{nobold|International deluxe edition (Disc 2)}}

| title1 = Ours
| length1 = 3:58

| title2 = If This Was a Movie
| length2 = 3:54

| title3 = Superman
| length3 = 4:36

| title4 = Back to December
| note4 = acoustic
| length4 = 4:52

| title5 = Haunted
| note5 = acoustic
| length5 = 3:37

| title6 = Mine
| note6 = US version) (additional production by Dean Gillard and Matt Ward
| length6 = 3:51

| title7 = Back to December
| note7 = US version) (additional production by Dean Gillard and Matt Ward
| length7 = 4:53

| title8 = The Story of Us
| note8 = US version) (additional production by Dean Gillard and Matt Ward
| length8 = 4:26

| title9 = On the Set: Behind the Scenes "Mine" Music Video
| length9 = 30:21

| title10 = Mine
| note10 = music video
| length10 = 3:55
}}

== Personnel ==
Credits for ''Speak Now'' adapted from liner notes.<ref name="liner">{{cite album-notes|title=Speak Now|artist=[[Taylor Swift]]|year=2010|format=[[Compact disc|CD]]|publisher=[[Big Machine Records]]|publisherid=BTMSR0300A}}</ref><ref>{{cite album-notes|title=Speak Now Target Exclusive|bandname=Taylor Swift|year=2010|format=CD|publisher=Big Machine Records|publisherid=BTMSR0300B}}</ref><ref>{{cite album-notes|title=Speak Now Deluxe Edition|bandname=Taylor Swift|year=2010|format=CD|publisher=Big Machine Records|publisherid=602527493947}}</ref><ref>{{cite album-notes|title=Speak Now Deluxe Edition|bandname=Taylor Swift|year=2012|format=CD|publisher=Big Machine Records|publisherid=BMRTS0350A}}</ref>

{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
* [[Chuck Ainlay]] – engineer
* Joseph Anthony Baker – photography
* Steve Blackmon – assistant
* Tom Bukovac – electric guitar
* Drew Bollman – assistant, assistant engineer, engineer
* Tristan Brock-Jones – assistant engineer
* David Bryant – assistant engineer
* [[Paul Buckmaster]] – conductor, orchestral arrangements
* Nick Buda – drums
* Jason Campbell – production coordination
* Chad Carlson – engineer
* [[Chris Carmichael (musician)|Chris Carmichael]] – composer, string arrangements, strings
* Joseph Cassell – stylist
* [[Nathan Chapman (record producer)|Nathan Chapman]] – banjo, bass, engineer, Fender Rhodes, guitar (12-string electric), electric and acoustic guitar, handclapping, mandolin, organ, piano, producer, programming, synthesizer, vocal harmony
* [[Steve Churchyard]] – engineer
* Mark Crew – mixing engineer
* Smith Curry – lap steel guitar
* Eric Darken – percussion
* Caitlin Evanson – vocal harmony
* Shannon Forrest – drums
* John Gardner – drums
* Dean Gillard – production, mixing, additional instrumentation
* Jed Hackett – engineer
* Rob Hajacos – fiddle
* Amos Heller – bass
* Liz Huett – vocal harmony
* Jeremy Hunter – engineer
* Aubrey Hyde – wardrobe
* Suzie Katayama – orchestra contractor
{{col-2}}
* Tim Lauer – Hammond B3, piano
* Steve Marcantonio – engineer
* Tim Marks – bass
* Mike Meadows – electric guitar, handclapping
* Grant Mickelson – electric guitar
* Seth Morton – assistant engineer
* Emily Mueller –production assistant
* Jemma Muradian – hair stylist
* John Netti – assistant engineer
* Bethany Newman – design, illustrations
* Josh Newman – design, illustrations
* Justin Niebank – engineer, mixing
* Mark Petaccia – assistant engineer
* Joel Quillen – engineer
* Matt Rausch – assistant
* Lowell Reynolds – engineer
* Michael Rhodes – bass
* Mike Rooney – assistant engineer
* Paul Sidoti – electric guitar
* [[Tommy Sims]] – bass
* [[Bryan Sutton]] – acoustic guitar, 12-string guitar, ukulele, national
* Austin K. Swift – photography
* [[Taylor Swift]] – vocals, art direction, composer, acoustic guitar, handclapping, liner notes, producer, vocal harmony
* Todd Tidwell – assistant engineer, engineer
* Lorrie Turk – make-up
* Matt Ward – production, mixing, additional instrumentation
* Hank Williams – mastering
* Brian David Willis – engineer
* Al Wilson – handclapping, percussion
* Nathan Yarborough – assistant mixing engineer
{{col-2}}
{{col-end}}

== Charts ==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}

=== Weekly charts ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!align="left"|Chart (2010)
!align="left"|Peak position
|-
|[[ARIA Charts|Australian Albums Chart]]<ref name="acharts"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|1
|-
|[[ARIA charts|Australian Country Chart]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ariacharts.com.au/pages/charts_display_country.asp?chart=1F20|title=Top 20 Country Charts|publisher=ariacharts.com.au}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|1
|-
|Austrian Albums Charts<ref name="austriancharts1">{{cite web|url=http://austriancharts.at/showitem.asp?interpret=Taylor+Swift&titel=Speak+Now&cat=a|title=TAYLOR SWIFT — SPEAK NOW (ALBUM)|work=Australian Charts|publisher=austriancharts.at}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|16
|-
|[[Ultratop|Belgian Albums Chart]] (Flanders)<ref name="acharts"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|18
|-
|[[Ultratop|Belgian Albums Chart]] (Wallonia)<ref name="acharts"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|45
|-
|[[Canadian Albums Chart]]<ref name="CAN"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|1
|-
|[[IFPI|Danish Albums Chart]]<ref name="acharts"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|26
|-
|[[MegaCharts|Dutch Albums Chart]]<ref name="acharts"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|17
|-
|[[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|French Albums Chart]]<ref name="acharts"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|39
|-
|[[Media Control Charts|German Albums Chart]]<ref name="acharts">{{cite web|url=http://acharts.us/album/58255|title=Taylor Swift — Speak Now — Music Charts|work=αCharts.us|publisher=acharts.us|accessdate=November 3, 2010}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|15
|-
|[[IFPI Greece|Greek Albums Chart]]
| style="text-align:center;"|17
|-
|[[Irish Albums Chart]]<ref name="acharts"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|6
|-
|[[Federation of the Italian Music Industry|Italy Albums Chart]]<ref name="fimi">{{cite web|url=http://www.fimi.it/classifiche_result_artisti.php?anno=2010&mese=10&id=340|title=FIMI — Federation of the Italian Music Industry|publisher=fimi.it|accessdate=November 5, 2010}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|18
|-
|[[Oricon|Japanese Album Chart]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oricon.co.jp/prof/artist/441127/products/music/891801/1/|title=スピーク・ナウ - テイラー・スウィフト|publisher=oricon.jp|accessdate=October 28, 2012}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|6
|-
|[[Asociación Mexicana de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas|Mexican Albums Chart]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mexicancharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Taylor+Swift&titel=Speak+Now&cat=a|title=Mexican Chart}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|8
|-
|[[Recording Industry Association of New Zealand|New Zealand Albums Chart]]<ref name="acharts"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|1
|-
|[[VG-lista|Norwegian Albums Chart]]<ref name="acharts"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|4
|-
|[[Productores de Música de España|Spanish Album Chart]]<ref name="acharts"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|10
|-
|[[Sverigetopplistan|Swedish Albums Chart]]
| style="text-align:center;"|18
|-
|[[Swiss Music Charts|Swiss Albums Chart]]<ref name="acharts"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|17
|-
|[[Taiwan|Taiwanese Albums Chart]]<ref name="acharts"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|1
|-
|[[UK Albums Chart]]<ref name="UK"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|6
|-
|US [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]]<ref name="US"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|1
|-
|US ''[[Billboard charts|Billboard]]'' [[Top Country Albums]]<ref name="country">{{cite web|url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=taylor swift|chart=all}}|title=Chart listing for ''Speak Now''|work=Billboard|accessdate=November 4, 2010}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|1
|}
{{col-2}}

=== Year-end charts ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Chart (2010)
!Position
|-
|Canadian Albums Chart
| style="text-align:center;"|15<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/2010/top-canadian-albums?begin=11&order=position|work=Billboard |title=Best of 2010 Top Canadian Albums |accessdate=December 18, 2011 }}</ref>
|-
|New Zealand Singles Chart
| style="text-align:center;"|15<ref name="rianz1">{{cite web|url=http://www.rianz.org.nz/rianz/chart_annual.asp |title=The Official New Zealand Music Chart |publisher=Rianz.org.nz |accessdate=April 20, 2012}}</ref>
|-
|UK Albums Chart
| style="text-align:center;"|163<ref name="rianz1"/>
|-
|US ''Billboard'' 200
| style="text-align:center;"|9<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/2010/the-billboard-200 |title=Best of 2010 – Billboard Top 200 |work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |publisher=[[Nielsen Business Media, Inc]] |accessdate=December 31, 2010}}</ref>
|-
|US ''Billboard'' Top Country Albums
| style="text-align:center;"|3<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/2010/top-country-albums |title=Best of 2010 – Top Country Albums |work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |publisher=[[Nielsen Business Media, Inc]] |accessdate=December 31, 2010}}</ref>
|-
!Chart (2011)
!Position
|-
|Australian Albums Chart
| style="text-align:center;"|15<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/aria-charts-end-of-year-charts-top-100-albums-2010.htm|title=ARIA Charts — End Of Year Charts — Top 100 Albums 2010 |accessdate=December 18, 2011 }}</ref>
|-
|Canadian Albums Chart
| style="text-align:center;"|9<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/2011/top-canadian-albums?begin=11&order=position|work=Billboard |title=Best of 2011 Top Canadian Albums |accessdate=December 18, 2011 }}</ref>
|-
|China Western Albums Chart
| style="text-align:center;"|2{{citation needed|date=June 2013}}
|-
|US ''Billboard'' 200
| style="text-align:center;"|2<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/2011/the-billboard-200 |title=Best of 2011 – Billboard Top 200 |work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |publisher=[[Nielsen Business Media, Inc]] |accessdate=December 9, 2011}}</ref>
|-
|US ''Billboard'' Top Country Albums
| style="text-align:center;"|1<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/2011/top-country-albums?begin=1&order=position |title=Best of 2011 – Top Country Albums |work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |publisher=[[Nielsen Business Media, Inc]] |accessdate=December 9, 2011}}</ref>
|-
!Chart (2012)
!Position
|-
|US ''Billboard'' 200
| style="text-align:center;"|45
|-
!Chart (2013)
!Position
|-
|US ''Billboard'' Catalog Albums
| style="text-align:center;"|25
{{col-end}}
|}

== Certifications ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!scope="col"|Country
!scope="col"|[[List of music recording certifications|Certification]]
|-
|[[Australian Recording Industry Association|Australia]]
|3× Platinum<ref name="ariacharts1"/>
|-
|[[Brazil]]
|Gold<ref name="abpdcertificados">{{cite certification|region=Brazil|type=album|artist=Taylor Swift|title=Speak Now|accessdate=September 25, 2012}}</ref>
|-
|[[Canadian Recording Industry Association|Canada]]
|3× Platinum<ref name="autogenerated2005">{{cite certification|region=Canada|type=album|artist=Taylor Swift|title=Speak Now|accessdate=December 25, 2010}}</ref>
|-
|[[Indonesia]]
|Platinum<ref name="Asian Certifications">{{cite web|url=http://music.yahoo.com/various-artists/news/ap-interview-taylor-swift-relishes-asian-success--62009673;_ylt=AgjHFUynhE3_5qVR7AiD_KSxxCUv|title=AP Interview: Taylor Swift relishes Asian success|publisher=[[Yahoo! Music]]|date=February 21, 2011|accessdate=November 22, 2012}}</ref>
|-
|[[Irish Recorded Music Association|Ireland]]
|Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=Ireland|type=album|artist=Taylor Swift|title=Speak Now|certyear=2010}}</ref>
|-
|[[Recording Industry Association of Japan|Japan]]
|Gold<ref name="RIAJcert">{{cite web | title=ゴールド等認定作品一覧　2010年12月 | trans_title=Works Receiving Certifications List (Gold, etc) (December 2010) | url=http://www.riaj.or.jp/data/others/gold/201012.html | work=[[RIAJ]] |language=Japanese | date=January 14, 2011 | accessdate=January 14, 2011}}</ref>
|-
|[[Recording Industry Association of New Zealand|New Zealand]]
|Platinum<ref name="radioscope1"/>
|-
|[[Philippine Association of the Record Industry|Philippines]]
|Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pep.ph/guide/music/7716/taylor-swift-receives-9x-platinum-award-for-her-%20fearless-%20album|title=Taylor Swift receives 9X Platinum Award for her ''Fearless'' album|publisher=pep.ph}}</ref>
|-
|[[South Korea]]
|Platinum<ref name="Asian Certifications"/>
|-
|[[Taiwan]]
|Platinum<ref name="Asian Certifications"/>
|-
|[[British Phonographic Industry|United Kingdom]]
|Gold<ref name="bpi">{{cite certification|region=Canada|type=album|artist=Taylor Swift|title=Speak Now|accessdate=14 January 2011}}</ref>
|-
|[[Recording Industry Association of America|United States]]
|4× Platinum<ref name="RIAA">{{cite certification|region=United States|type=album|artist=Taylor Swift|title=Speak Now|accessdate =August 7, 2012}}</ref>
|}

== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
* [http://taylorswift.com/releases#release-2832 ''Speak Now (Deluxe Edition)'' at Taylor Swift official site]: includes lyrics of all tracks.
* ''[http://www.discogs.com/Taylor-Swift-Speak-Now/master/288143 Speak Now]'' at [[Discogs]]

{{Taylor Swift}}

[[Category:2010 albums]]
[[Category:Albums certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of Japan]]
[[Category:Big Machine Records albums]]
[[Category:English-language albums]]
[[Category:Taylor Swift albums]]
[[Category:Albums produced by Nathan Chapman (record producer)]]
[[Category:Albums certified double platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association]]
[[Category:Albums certified triple platinum by the Canadian Recording Industry Association]]
[[Category:Albums certified platinum by Recorded Music NZ]]
[[Category:Albums certified gold by the British Phonographic Industry]]
[[Category:Albums certified multi-platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America]]

{{Link FA|pt}}

Second Life in popular culture

2012-01-14T15:14:39Z

98.197.171.16: /* Music */

{{fictionrefs|article|date=November 2009}}
Since its debut in 2003, [[Second Life]] has become increasingly referred by various popular culture mediums, including literary, television, film and music. In addition, various significantly-popular personalities in such mediums have themselves used or employed Second Life for both their own works and for private purposes.

== Literature ==

*[[Catherine Asaro]]'s novel Diamond Star takes place in a future where [[Second life]] has evolved into Life Million, an intelligent virtual reality universe extrapolated from Second Life.
*In early 2008, a Second Life avatar was used as the cover art for [http://www.nidsci.org/bios/rockwell.php Dr. Theodore Rockwell's] fiction novel - ''[http://members.authorsguild.net/tedrockwell/works.htm The Virtual Librarian]''. The novel was introduced and promoted via Second Life by [http://www.TheSLAgency.com TheSLAgency].
*The scifi book ''[[ANIMA: a novel about Second Life]]'' (ISBN 0-9763168-9-7) written by the avatar Dalian Hansen was published in July 2007. It was the first complete work of fiction based in the 3D virtual environment of ''Second Life'', and the plot included real world connections. It is book one of a trilogy that will include [[ANIMUS: Of Animus and Men]] and [[PERSONA: Persona Publica]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nwn.blogs.com/nwn/2007/06/reading-anima.html |title=New World Notes: READING *ANIMA* |publisher=Nwn.blogs.com |date=June 22, 2007 |accessdate=2008-10-27}}</ref>
*In [[Sam Bourne]]'s 2007 thriller novel ''[[The Last Testament]]'', ''Second Life'' plays an important part in the story and in cracking of codes.
*"[[Notre Seconde Vie]]" is a book from the French writer Alain Monnier which translates to "Our Second Life". The novel poses the question "will the Internet replace reading paperbound books one day?".
*The 2007 novel ''[[Another Life (Torchwood)|Another Life]]'' by [[Peter Anghelides]], based upon the television series ''[[Torchwood]]'', features a ''Second Life''-inspired virtual world called ''Second Reality''. Although the literary version is far more advanced than the real ''Second Life'', several features of the real-life ''Second Life'' are referenced, including the ability to customize avatars, and at one point in the novel a character is banished to an area similar to ''Second Life's'' punishment area, "The Corn Field".
*In ''[[The Darkest Evening of the Year]]'' by [[Dean Koontz]], one of the antagonists is a private detective who lives vicariously through his Second Life avatar.
* ''[[Halting State]]'' by [[Charles Stross]] makes a casual reference to Second Life, though it is apparent that many major plot elements have been drawn from this virtual world and other [[metaverse]] platforms. (See [[Second Life#Appearances in Second Life|appearances]], below)
* ''[[A Week in December]]'' by [[Sebastian Faulks]] describes a virtual reality game parodying Second Life called "Parallax", which is played by one of the main characters, Jenni Fortune.

== Television and movies ==

* On April 8, 2008 ''[[The Daily Show with Jon Stewart]]'' did a segment called Avatar Heroes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thedailyshow.com/video/index.jhtml?videoId=165604&title=avatar-heroes |title=Avatar Heroes | The Daily Show | Comedy Central |publisher=Thedailyshow.com |date= |accessdate=2008-10-27}}</ref>
*''[[Law & Order: Special Victims Unit]]'' parodies ''Second Life'' in its [[Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 9)|episode]] "Avatar".
*Second Life was featured prominently, and used as a tool to locate a suspect, in the ''[[CSI: NY]]'' episode "[[Down The Rabbit Hole (CSI: NY episode)|Down the Rabbit Hole]]", which aired on October 24, 2007. It was also featured in the episode "[[DOA For a Day (CSI:NY episode)|DOA For a Day]]" (aired 2 April 2008).
*[[Dwight Schrute]] from the US television series ''[[The Office (US TV series)|The Office]]'' is an avid ''Second Life'' resident; this was featured prominently in the October 25, 2007 episode "[[Local Ad]]".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tech.blorge.com/Structure:%20/2007/10/26/more-second-life-pranks-coming-to-the-office/ |title=More Second Life Pranks Coming To The Office? |accessdate=2007-10-26}}</ref> Dwight has an avatar named 'Dwight Shelford' and creates a virtual world within ''Second Life'' named ''Second Second Life''. [[Jim Halpert]] is also seen in Second Life later in the episode, and he claims his character is "just to keep tabs on Dwight"; however, [[Pam Beesly]] comments on the detail in his character and notes it must have taken him quite some time to make it.
*In an episode of the CBS drama ''[[Ghost Whisperer]]'', [[Melinda Gordon]] experiences a similar online world, at one point pulling an avatar out of her computer at the shop as the user's ghost; she gets to know the local equivalent of Second Life while determining the avatar's true identity.
*The [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|CBC]] program ''[[the fifth estate]]'', in an episode entitled "Strangers in Paradise," first aired January 28, 2009, documented two cases of families being damaged after a spouse became obsessed with Second Life. In each case a spouse formed such deep emotional and cyber-sexual relationships with another Second Life player that it resulted in their leaving their real family to join the person they had met and bonded with in Second Life.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/fifth/2008-2009/strangers_in_paradise/ |title = Strangers in Paradise|accessdate=2009-01-31 | work=CBC News}}</ref>
*The episode ''Goin Bananas'' of ''[[The Suite Life On Deck]]'' features a parody called Better Life.
*The episode "Social Networking" on Current's "[[SuperNews!]]" involved a Second Life character with one eye and a multi-pitched psychic-esque "echo" voice, alongside [[MySpace]], [[Facebook]] and [[Friendster]] characters.
* The feature film [[Beautiful Kate]] contains a scene where [[Rachel_Griffiths|Rachel Griffiths']] character demonstrates her avatar in Second Life to her brother, played by [[Ben Mendelsohn]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metaversejournal.com/2009/06/14/beautiful-kate-virtual-worlds-as-normality/|title=Beautiful Kate - virtual worlds as normality|accessdate=2009-12-27}}</ref>
* The feature film ''[[Gamer_(film)|Gamer]]'' depicts an ultra-real parody of Second Life, called Society, in which players control real people, whose free-will has been forfeit in exchange for being well paid.
* The film "[[Hot Tub Time Machine]]" has "[[Clark Duke|Clark Duke's]]" character's avatar in prison, explaining that committing crime in Second Life has similar consequences as in real life.
* The [[MTV]] series, [[True Life]], featured a woman who spent much of her time using [[Second Life]] in the season 5 episode, "I Live a Double Life".

== Music ==

*[[Duran Duran]] were among the first artists to join the metaverse, and they subsequently wrote their "Zoom In" song with hip-hop mogul [[Timbaland]], clearly pointing about the Second Life experience.
*[[Redzone]] were credited by Wired and Reuters as the first band to tour in Second Life in Feb. 2007, followed by [[Beyond the void]] as the first official rock band touring in second life (open PR, Mar. 2007).
*The Italian singer [[Irene Grandi]] figured in her musical video "Bruci la città" some scenes of Second Life gaming.

== Other ==

*A ''Second Life girl'', caLLie cLine, was chosen to represent Second Life Girls at #95 on the "Top 100 Hottest Females of 2007" in [[Maxim (magazine)|Maxim]].
*Second Life is also parodied in the webcomic ''[[Kevin and Kell]]'', in the form of an [[MMORPG]] called 9th Life.
*''Second Life'' is parodied by the website [http://www.getafirstlife.com/ Get a First Life] by [[Darren Barefoot]], extolling the virtues of [[meatspace]]/[[real life]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.getafirstlife.com/ |title=Get a First Life |accessdate = 2007-02-01}}</ref> Material from the site includes false links to such topics as "Go Outside - Membership is Free" and "Fornicate Using Your Actual Genitals." Linden Lab proved that they had a sense of humor when Darren received, instead of a [[cease and desist]], a Proceed and Permit letter.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.darrenbarefoot.com/archives/2007/01/i-got-a-proceed-and-permitted-letter-from-linden-labs.html|title=I Got a Proceed and Permitted Letter From Linden Lab|accessdate=2007-12-25}}</ref>
*[[Kelly Services]], an employment agency, features ''Second Life'' in its "break room" for temporary employees.
* Soap opera actor [[Greg Rikaart]] played a Second Life fanatic on the web sitcom [[Imaginary Bitches]].
*''Second Life'' CEO Mark Kingdon's [http://blog.pradprathivi.com/2008/12/27/m-lindens-email/ email inbox] was parodied by Prad Prathivi. Kingdon [http://blog.pradprathivi.com/2009/01/05/a-retraction/ replied] in response to the satirical mock up.

== Public appearances in the grid ==

*In 2006 former [[Governor of Virginia]] [[Mark Warner]] became the first politician to appear in a MMO when he gave a speech in Second Life.<ref>[http://www.joystiq.com/2006/09/01/real-world-governor-speaks-in-second-life/ Former governor speaks in Second Life]</ref>
*British comedian [[Jimmy Carr]] performed a virtual show on ''Second Life'' on February 3, 2007.
*[[Jimmy Kimmel]] & [[Jay-Z]] were both made as ''Second Life'' characters and Jay-Z had a virtual concert on Second Life at the same time as his real life performance on ''[[Jimmy Kimmel Live]]''.
*First rock-band touring in Second Life was ''[[Beyond the void]]'' at beginning of 2007 - they organized virtual concerts in different locations in the virtual world.
*On June 21, 2008, [[Charles Stross]] held a conference in Second Life itself to discuss, "[T]he Singularity in fiction, cutting-edge technologies, [''[[Halting State]]''], and his upcoming novel ''[[Saturn's Children (Stross novel)|Saturn's Children]]''"<ref>[http://www.boingboing.net/2008/06/17/charlie-stross-in-se.html BoingBoing: Charlie Stross in Second Life this Saturday]</ref>
*In August 2006 author [[Kurt Vonnegut]] interviewed by John Hockenberry, host of the radio show The Infinite Mind. The interview was aired live on the radio and in Second Life.
*in 2007 Second Life harbor the first virtual car expo for the gigant ford Motors,created by Martin Bueno and the digital team of the JWT Agency in Argentina.
*In October 2008<ref>[http://www.flickr.com/groups/terry-pratchett-in-sl/pool/ Photo session from Terry Pratchett in ''Second Life'']</ref>, [[Terry Pratchett]] visited Second Life to conduct a question-and-answer session about the launch of ''Nation''.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Second Life}}
[[Category:Second Life]]

Chasing Cars

2012-01-13T20:02:08Z

98.197.171.16:

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2011}}
{{Use British English|date=June 2011}}
{{Infobox single
| Name = Chasing Cars
| Cover = Chasingcars.jpg
| alt =
| Artist = [[Snow Patrol]]
| from Album = [[Eyes Open]]
| Released = 6 June 2006 ([[United States|US]]) 24 July 2006 ([[United Kingdom|UK]])
| Format = [[CD single]]; [[Gramophone record|7"]]; [[Gramophone record|12"]]
| Recorded = 2005
| Genre = [[Alternative rock]]
| Length = 4:08 (Radio edit) 4:27 (Album version)
| Label = [[Interscope Records|Interscope]]
| Producer = [[Jacknife Lee]]
| Writer = [[Gary Lightbody]]
| Last single = "[[You're All I Have]]" (2006)
| This single = "'''Chasing Cars'''" (2006)
| Next single = "[[Hands Open]]" (2006)
| Misc = {{Extra music sample|filename=Snow Patrol Chasing Cars.ogg |title="Chasing Cars" |Type=single}}
}}
"'''Chasing Cars'''" is the second single from [[Snow Patrol]]'s fourth album, ''[[Eyes Open]].'' It was recorded in 2005 and released on 6 June 2006 in the US and 24 July 2006 in the UK as the album's second single.<ref>[http://www.snowpatrol.com/discography/singles.aspx?pid=61 Single release details]</ref>
"Chasing Cars" gained significant popularity in the United States after being featured in the second season finale of the popular medical drama ''[[Grey's Anatomy]].''<ref name="BB">Philipp, Sven (24 June 2006), "Chasing Cars." ''Billboard.'' '''118''' (25):61</ref>

It became notable as one of the songs that revealed the impact of [[Music download|legal downloads]] on [[single (music)|single]] sales in the UK.
The song is Snow Patrol's biggest-selling single to date, ending 2006 as the UK's fourteenth best-selling single of the year<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio1/chart/top40_2006.shtml | title = Top 40 Singles of 2006 | work = BBC Radio 1 | publisher = BBC | accessdate = 2010-06-10 }} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> and 2007, on the strength of downloads, as the UK's thirty-fourth best-selling single of 2007.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio1/chart/singles2007.shtml | title = Top 40 Singles of 2007 | work = BBC Radio 1 | publisher = BBC | accessdate = 2010-06-10 }}</ref>

As of 8 January 2012, the single has spent 108 weeks on the official [[UK Top 75]] [[UK Singles Chart|Singles Chart]] and 154 on the Top 100<ref name=chartstats>{{Cite web
|url= http://www.chartstats.com/songinfo.php?id=32613
|title=Chart Stats - Snow Patrol - Chasing Cars
|work=chartstats.com
|accessdate=30 November 2010
}}</ref> and has sold 816,877 copies in the UK by November 2011, despite missing the Top 5.<ref name=lazyrocker>http://www.lazyrocker.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=641:song-of-the-month-october-snow-patrol-chasing-cars&catid=46:song-of-the-month&Itemid=70</ref><ref>[http://www.musicweek.com/story.asp?sectioncode=1&storycode=1047552&c=1 UK Album Chart Analysis: Buble outsells JLS by just 569 units]</ref> It also sold 3,131,000 copies in the US by November 2011, making it one of the top 10 best-selling songs by a British artist.<ref name="yahoo nov2011"/>

==Writing==
Lead singer [[Gary Lightbody]] wrote the song, sober after a binge of white [[wine]], in the garden of producer [[Jacknife Lee]]'s [[Kent]] cottage.<ref>{{cite web
| title = 50 Years Of Great British Music
| url = http://news.qthemusic.com/2008/02/50_years_of_great_british_musi_2.html
| archiveurl = http://www.backupurl.com/efv28h
| archivedate = 20 November 2009
| work = [[Q (magazine)|Q]]
| publisher = [[Bauer Media Group]]
| accessdate = 11 December 2009
}}</ref>
The song has Lightbody singing a plain melody over sparse guitars, which has an ever-building crescendo.<ref name="BILLB">{{cite journal
| last = Phillip |first=Sven |date=24 June 2006
| title = Singles - Pop
| journal = [[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]
| publisher = Nielsen Business Media, Inc.
| volume = 118 | issue = 25 | pages = 61 | issn = 0006-2510
| url = http://books.google.co.in/books?id=QxYEAAAAMBAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_v2_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q=&f=false
| accessdate = 11 December 2009
}}</ref>

He stated it was his "purest love song".<ref>{{cite web
| date = 30 November 2009
| first = Claire | last = van Ryn

| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5llJyLoby
| archivedate = 4 December 2009
| title = Remember to rest amid our busy world
| publisher = ''[[The Examiner (Tasmania)|The Examiner]]''
| country = Australia
| accessdate = 11 December 2009
}}</ref>
The phrase "Chasing Cars" came from Lightbody's father, in reference to a girl Lightbody was infatuated with, "You're like a dog chasing a car. You'll never catch it and you just wouldn't know what to do with it if you did."<ref name="lazyrocker"/>

The song was first heard on the band's 2005 [[Final Straw Tour]], when they began playing it, along with two other newly written songs ("Your Halo" and "It's Beginning to Get to Me") they had intended to release on their upcoming album. Since then, the composition of the song was changed slightly, and most of the lyrics were rewritten.

==Promotion and release==
Snow Patrol played "Chasing Cars" on an appearance on ''[[Late Night with Conan O'Brien]]''. The song was also performed as the last live performance on long-running music programme ''[[Top of the Pops]]''. The band also performed the song when they were the musical guest on the 17 March 2007 episode of ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'', hosted by [[Julia Louis-Dreyfus]]. Additionally, the band played the song live in their appearance at [[Live Earth]]. On 7 July 2007, this song was performed during the London leg of the [[Live Earth]] concert at [[Wembley Stadium]] and at [[Oxegen]] later on that night in [[Ireland]].

"Chasing Cars" was heard on the TV show ''[[One Tree Hill (TV series)|One Tree Hill]]'' episode "The Show Must Go On", which aired in the US on 3 May 2006. The show is popular amongst the teenage crowd,{{Citation needed|date=January 2008}} and the episode gained around 3.06 million viewers. It was not until several weeks later when the song appeared on the [[Losing My Religion (Grey's Anatomy)|second season finale]] of ''[[Grey's Anatomy]]'' on 15 May 2006 that the song found a larger listening audience and pushed its way onto the download and pop charts in the United States. The song was made into a music video for the show, serving as a promotion for its third season. The music video shows scenes from the first and second seasons as well as previously unseen scenes from the third season, with clips in-between from the UK music video of the song.

==Music video==
There are two music videos: one for UK, one for the US.

In the music video for UK, [[Gary Lightbody]] lies on open ground as cameras film him from different angles. It starts raining, splashing his face and hands. Gary enters a pool of water next to him and in the end of the video, he gets out of the water, rises on his feet and looks up at the camera as it zooms out overhead.

In the US music video, Lightbody is shown lying down in busy places while singing. People ignore him and step over him. Among the places he lies are a diner, an intersection, at the top of an escalator, in a subway car, at the top of a hill overlooking a highway, and at the end on a bed.

==Reception==
===Critical===
The song was nominated for a [[49th Grammy Awards|2007 Grammy Award]] for "[[Grammy Award for Best Rock Song|Best Rock Song]]",<ref name="FOXNews">[http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,235200,00.html "FOX Facts: Complete List of Grammy Award Nominations"]. [[Associated Press]]. 7 December 2006. Retrieved 9 December 2006.</ref> as well as for a [[2007 BRIT Awards|2007 BRIT Award]] for "Best Single".

In 2007, "Chasing Cars" was voted number 1 in the Top 500 Songs: The Words Behind the Music, on [[Heart Bristol|Bristol's GWR FM]] (and other stations in [[The One Network]]).

[[Yahoo! Music]]'s Adam Webb, however had mixed feelings for the single, when he awarded it 5 stars out of 10, saying it was a "misguided attempt to recreate its breast-beating slo-motion scarf-waving formula." Further, he made comparisons of the song to Hollywood soundtracks, which in his words are "about as subtle as a rhino and too overt to be truly affecting."<ref name="yahoo">{{cite web
| date = 7 July 2006
| author = Adam Webb
| url = http://uk.launch.yahoo.com/060707/33/20enq.html
| title = Snow Patrol - 'Chasing Cars'
| work = Yahoo! Music
| publisher = [[Yahoo!]]
| accessdate = 23 June 2009
}} {{Rating|5|10}}</ref>

''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' magazine's Sven Phillip found the song the only one on the album "not to be missed". He called it a "catchy, colossal ballad that succeeds without any fireworks".<ref name="BILLB" />

[[Channel 4]] viewers voted the song the number one "song of the [[2000s (decade)|noughties]]" in a December 2009 programme.

UK music licensing body [[Phonographic Performance Limited|PPL]] announced in December 2009 that Chasing Cars was the most played song of the decade.<ref name="BBC News">{{cite web
| date = 30 December 2009
| author = BBC
| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/8434418.stm
| title = BBC News - Snow Patrol's Chasing Cars is most played of decade
| work = BBC News
| publisher = [[BBC]]
| accessdate = 30 December 2009
}}</ref>

===Commercial===
It was released as an overlapping single in early June and the video was re-edited to include clips from the show. The video failed to catch on, regardless, so a third version was filmed for the edited single version of the song. On 13 September 2006, the song soared in the digital music charts to become the most-downloaded song in the U.S. [[iTunes Store]], just one day after the DVD release of the second season of ''Grey's Anatomy''.{{Citation needed|date=December 2009}}

The song was released as a download-only single on 17 July 2006 and entered the [[UK Singles Chart]] in the week ending 29 July at #25 on the strength of download sales alone. Its physical release had come on 24 July and this pushed the song up to #15, peaking six weeks later at #6. However, seven weeks after that, in November the CD single was deleted and, under the chart rules prevailing at that time, the song was removed from the chart two weeks after that, having clocked up 17 weeks in total. It was then absent from the chart for seven weeks, but in January 2007 a change to the chart rules meant that all downloads, with or without a physical equivalent, were now eligible to chart. "Chasing Cars" duly surged back in at a Top 10 position (#9, just three places below its peak), and remained on the chart for 48 consecutive weeks, entirely on downloads, only falling out again in December. After a three-week absence, in January 2008 it was back again, for 13 weeks this time, peaking at #50. It then bowed out for a third time, re-entered the top 75 in June, August, October and November 2008, November 2009, January and December 2010, and March, July and December 2011, taking the song's tally up to an incredible 108 weeks on the UK Top 75, making it the 2nd longest runner of all time, bettered only by [[Frank Sinatra]]'s "[[My Way (song)|My Way]]" (124 weeks). For only 14 weeks out of those 108 was a physical copy of "Chasing Cars" officially available. It has also spent 154 weeks on the Top 100.<ref name=chartstats/>

The song was voted number one in a 2006 [[Virgin Radio]] Top 500 Songs of All Time poll.<ref>{{cite web|year=2006|url=http://www.virginradio.co.uk/music/charts/top_500/index.html|deadurl=yes|title=Top 500|publisher=Virgin Radio|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20061231052705/http://www.virginradio.co.uk/music/charts/top_500/index.html/top_500/index.html|archivedate=31 December 2006|accessdate=6 December 2009}}</ref> After the popularity of its association with the ''Grey's Anatomy'' television show, the song peaked at #5 on the [[Billboard Hot 100]] in the US, the band's first Top 10 hit in the US. It was the fourth best selling digital single of 2006 in the UK, totaling 190,000 legal downloads<ref>{{cite web|title=Digital download factsheet|url=http://www.theofficialcharts.com/docs/Digital%20Download%20Factsheet_Jan_2007.pdf|archivedate=21 November 2009|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5lSvPbxbo|publisher=[[The Official Charts Company]]|format=PDF|accessdate=11 December 2009}}</ref> and is the fourteenth most downloaded song in the country of all time.<ref name="bbc.co.uk">http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio1/chart/downloads</ref> "Chasing Cars" also went to number one on the Adult Contemporary chart for two non consecutive weeks.

As of November 2011, the song has sold 3,131,000 copies in the USA.<ref name="yahoo nov2011">{{cite news | url=http://music.yahoo.com/blogs/chart-watch/chart-watch-extra-adele-tops-brit-tally-183403147.html | title=Chart Watch Extra: Adele Tops Brit Tally | date=24 November 2011 | publisher=Yahoo | first=Paul | last=Grein | accessdate=2011-11-25}}</ref>

===Accolades===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!Publication
!Country
!Accolade
!Year
!Rank
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[The Rock (New Zealand)|The Rock FM]]
|rowspan="2"|[[New Zealand]]
|rowspan="2"|The Rock 1000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.webcitation.org/5mdoEjbhL|title=Countdowns - The Rock 1000|publisher=[[The Rock (New Zealand)|The Rock]]|accessdate=9 January 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.webcitation.org/5mdnng9gI|title=The Rock 1000 - The Rock 1000 recap|publisher=The Rock|accessdate=9 January 2010}}</ref>
|align="center"|2008
|719
|-
|align="center"|2009
|554
|}

==Covers and samples==
A [[trance music|trance]] version of the song was remixed by Blake Jarrell & Topher Jones. It aired on the trance radio show ''[[A State of Trance]]'' on 17 August 2006.<ref name="asot_radio">[http://stage.arminvanbuuren.com/index.php?id=38&tx_ewplaylists_pi1[showUid]=496&cHash=13877a6faa A State of Trance #264 Playlist]</ref> It was later voted to be the 12th best track played on ''A State of Trance'' in 2006 by the listeners.<ref>[http://stage.arminvanbuuren.com/index.php?id=38&tx_ewplaylists_pi1%5BshowUid%5D=512&cHash=7d6f6b8ba5 A State of Trance #280 Playlist]</ref> The song was also used in a [[mashup (music)|mashup]] by [[Party Ben]], who combined the song with "[[Every Breath You Take]]" by [[The Police]].<ref>[http://www.partyben.com Party Ben official site]</ref>

*In June 2006 [[CKBE-FM]] ''[[David Tyler]]''

*In March 2007, [[Natasha Bedingfield]] covered the song on [[Ray Foley]]'s [[Today FM]] show. She also recorded a version for the album ''[[Radio 1's Live Lounge – Volume 2]]'', released in October of that year.

*In June 2007, [[Faith Hill]] and [[Tim McGraw]] performed this song as a duet at a [[Soul2Soul II Tour|Soul2Soul 2007]] concert.

*[[The Baseballs]], a rockabilly cover band that turn pop hits in 1950s-style rock and roll, covered the song in 2010. The video features the slicked-up band playing a 1950s prom.<ref>http://www.covermesongs.com/2010/08/the-baseballs-go-rock-and-roll-prom-with-snow-patrols-chasing-cars.html</ref>

*The [[Chordials]], a co-ed a cappella group at [[Cornell University]], covered the song in 2007.

*[[Shane Harper]] from [[Dance on Sunset]] covered the song for his Music MySpace.

*[[Sarah Bettens]] (lead singer of [[K's Choice]]) included a cover of this song in her 2007-2008 tour setlist.

*[[Dickie Rock]] covers the song on his 2007 album ''Sings contemporary Irish Classic Hits''.

*[[Gregorian (band)|Gregorian]] covered the song on their 2009 album ''[[Masters of Chant Chapter VII]]''.

*''[[Deutschland sucht den Superstar]]'' season 5 winner [[Thomas Godoj]] performed the song in the Top-15 Show and the finale as his highlight song of the season.

*The song was covered on the [[American Idol (season 9)|ninth season]] of ''[[American Idol]]'' by [[Lee DeWyze]], during the Top 24.

*The song was covered on the [[The X Factor (UK)]] in the [[The X Factor (UK series 7)]] by the boy band [[One Direction]].

*The song was covered by the cast of [[Grey's Anatomy]] in episode "[[Song Beneath the Song]]" (Season 7 Episode 18).

*[[Andy Grammer]] covers the song during his set on [[Natasha Bedingfield]]'s [[Less is More Tour]]

*[[Chris Norman]] covers the song during his concert in Červeník, SLOVAKIA on 6 August 2011

==Formats and track listings==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}
*'''UK [[Promotional recording|Promo]]''' (released in July 2006)
# "Chasing Cars" [radio edit] – 4:08
# "Chasing Cars" [album version] – 4:27

*'''UK CD''' (released 24 July 2006)
# "Chasing Cars" [album version] – 4:27
# "It Doesn't Matter Where, Just Drive" – 3:37

*'''UK 7"''' (released 24 July 2006)
# "Chasing Cars" [album version] – 4:27
# "Play Me Like Your Own Hand" – 4:15

*'''European CD''' (released in October 2006)
# "Chasing Cars" [album version] – 4:27
# "Play Me Like Your Own Hand" – 4:15
# "It Doesn't Matter Where, Just Drive" – 3:37

*'''U.S. Promo''' (released in July 2006)
# "Chasing Cars" [Top 40 Edit] – 3:58
{{col-break}}
*'''U.S. [[iTunes Store|iTunes]] single''' (released 6 June 2006)
# "Chasing Cars" [Live in [[Toronto]]] – 4:28

*'''Special Dutch Edition'''
# "Chasing Cars" – 4:27
# "You're All I Have" (live from BNN) – 4:29
# "How To Be Dead" (live from BNN) – 3:24
# "Chasing Cars" (live from BNN) – 4:20

*'''Mexico & Australia [[Promotional recording|Promo]]'''
# "Chasing Cars" [Radio Edit] – 4:08
# "Chasing Cars" [Album Version] – 4:27

*'''UK & Ireland Bootleg 12"''' (released 22 January 2007)
# "Chasing Cars" [Blake Jarrell & Topher Jones Remix] – 7:35
# "Open Your Eyes" [Allende Remix] – 7:29
{{col-end}}

==Chart performance==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}

===Weekly charts===
{|class="wikitable sortable"
!Chart (2006)
!Peak position
|-
{{singlechart|Australia|53|artist=Snow Patrol|song=Chasing Cars}}
|-
{{singlechart|Austria|2|artist=Snow Patrol|song=Chasing Cars}}
|-
{{singlechart|Belgium (Flanders)|3|artist=Snow Patrol|song=Chasing Cars}}
|-
{{singlechart|Belgium (Wallonia) Tip|13|artist=Snow Patrol|song=Chasing Cars}}
|-
{{singlechart|Canada|18|artist=Snow Patrol|song=Chasing Cars|artistid=306432}}
|-
{{singlechart|Denmark|13|artist=Snow Patrol|song=Chasing Cars}}
|-
{{singlechart|Billboardeuropeanhot100|10|artist=Snow Patrol|song=Chasing Cars|artistid=306432}}
|-
{{singlechart|France|57|artist=Snow Patrol|song=Chasing Cars}}
|-
{{singlechart|Germany|8|Snow Patrol|Chasing Cars}}
|-
{{singlechart|Ireland|6|year=2007|week=2|accessdate=2011-05-29}}
|-
{{singlechart|Dutch100|21|artist=Snow Patrol|song=Chasing Cars}}
|-
{{singlechart|New Zealand|3|artist=Snow Patrol|song=Chasing Cars}}
|-
{{singlechart|Norway|9|artist=Snow Patrol|song=Chasing Cars}}
|-
{{singlechart|Sweden|40|artist=Snow Patrol|song=Chasing Cars}}
|-
{{singlechart|Switzerland|4|artist=Snow Patrol|song=Chasing Cars}}
|-
{{singlechart|UK|6|artist=Snow Patrol|song=Chasing Cars|date=2006-09-16}}
|-
{{singlechart|Billboardhot100|5|artist=Snow Patrol|song=Chasing Cars|artistid=306432}}
|-
|align="left"|US ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' [[Pop 100]]
|align="center"|6
|-
{{singlechart|Billboardadultcontemporary|1|artist=Snow Patrol|song=Chasing Cars|artistid=306432}}
|-
{{singlechart|Billboardadultpopsongs|1|artist=Snow Patrol|song=Chasing Cars|artistid=306432}}
|-
{{singlechart|Billboardalternativesongs|8|artist=Snow Patrol|song=Chasing Cars|artistid=306432}}
|-
{{singlechart|Billboardpopsongs|10|artist=Snow Patrol|song=Chasing Cars|artistid=306432}}
|}

{{col-2}}

===Year-end charts===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Chart (2006)
!Position
|-
|[[UK Singles Chart]]<ref name="UK2009year">{{cite web|url=http://www.ukchartsplus.co.uk/UKChartsPlusYE2009.pdf|title=Charts Plus Year end 2009|publisher=Charts Plus|format=PDF|accessdate=2011-05-29}}</ref>
|align="center"|14
|-
!Chart (2007)
!Position
|-
|[[Media Control Charts|German Singles Chart]]<ref>http://www.mtv.de/charts/Single_Jahrescharts_2007</ref>
|align="center"|38
|-
|[[UK Singles Chart]]<ref name="UK2009year"/>
|align="center"|34
|-
|US [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]]<ref>http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/yearendcharts/2006/chart_display.jsp?f=Hot+100+Songs&g=Year-end+Singles</ref>
|align="center"|29
|-
!Chart (2008)
!Position
|-
|[[UK Singles Chart]]<ref name="UK2009year"/>
|align="center"|95
|-
!Chart (2009)
!Position
|-
|[[UK Singles Chart]]<ref name="UK2009year"/>
|align="center"|153
|}

===Decade-end charts===
{| class="wikitable"
!align="left"|Chart (2000–2009)
!align="center"|Position
|-
|align="left"|UK Top 100 Songs of the Decade<ref>Radio 1 Official Chart of the Decade, as broadcast on BBC Radio 1 on Tuesday 29 December 2009, presented by Nihal</ref>
|align="center"|49
|}

===All-time charts===
{|class="wikitable sortable"
!Chart
!Position
|-
|UK Download Chart <ref name="bbc.co.uk"/>
|align="center"|14
|-
|}
{{col-end}}

==Certifications==
{{certification Table Top}}
{{certification Table Entry|title=Chasing Cars|artist=Snow Patrol|type=single|relyear=2006|autocat=yes|region=Australia|award=Platinum|number=3|certyear=2011}}
{{certification Table Entry|title=Chasing Cars|artist=Snow Patrol|type=single|relyear=2006|autocat=yes|region=Germany|award=Gold}}
{{certification Table Entry|title=Chasing Cars|artist=Snow Patrol|type=single|relyear=2006|autocat=yes|region=New Zealand|award=Platinum|recent=true}}
{{certification Table Bottom|nounspecified=yes}}

==See also==
*[[List of number-one adult contemporary singles of 2007 (U.S.)]]
*[[List of Hot Adult Top 40 Tracks number-one singles of 2007]]

== References ==
{{Cleanup-link rot|date=August 2011}}
{{Reflist|2}}

== External links ==
*{{youtube|GemKqzILV4w|"Chasing Cars" Official music video}}
* {{YouTube|id=NNZV2C5bpmA|title=Music video for "Chasing Cars (Grey's Anatomy Version)"}}
* [http://tv.sky.com/songbook-gary-lightbody Acoustic performance of "Chasing Cars"] for [[Sky Arts]] Songbook series.

{{Grey's Anatomy}}
{{Snow Patrol}}

[[Category:2006 singles]]
[[Category:Snow Patrol songs]]
[[Category:Rock ballads]]
[[Category:Billboard Adult Contemporary number-one singles]]
[[Category:Billboard Hot Adult Top 40 Tracks number-one singles]]
[[Category:Songs produced by Jacknife Lee]]
[[Category:Songs written by Gary Lightbody]]

[[cs:Chasing Cars]]
[[es:Chasing Cars]]
[[fr:Chasing Cars]]
[[nah:Chasing Cars]]
[[nl:Chasing Cars]]
[[pl:Chasing Cars]]
[[pt:Chasing Cars]]
[[sk:Chasing Cars]]
[[sr:Chasing Cars]]

Periphery (album)

2011-12-05T05:18:12Z

98.197.171.16:

{{cleanup-linkrot|date=August 2011}}
{{Infobox album 
| Name = Periphery
| Type = Studio
| Artist = [[Periphery (band)|Periphery]]
| Cover = Periphery.jpg
| Released = April 20, 2010
| Recorded = 2010
| Genre = [[Progressive metal]], [[experimental rock]], [[djent]]
| Length = 72:52
| Label = {{flagicon|US}}[[Sumerian Records|Sumerian]] {{flagicon|CAN}}[[Distort Records|Distort]] {{flagicon|UK}}{{flagicon|EU}}{{flagicon|AU}}{{flagicon|Japan}}[[Roadrunner Records|Roadrunner]]
| Producer = Periphery, Matt Murphy
| Reviews =
* [[AbsolutePunk]] (84%) [http://www.absolutepunk.net/showthread.php?t=1649012 link]
* [[Allmusic]] {{rating|4|5}} [{{Allmusic|class=album|id=r1737269|pure_url=yes}} link]
* [[Rock Sound]] {{rating|7|10}} [http://www.rocksound.tv/reviews/article/rs-tv-periphery-periphery link]
* [[Sputnikmusic]] {{rating|3.5|5}} [http://www.sputnikmusic.com/album.php?albumid=52201 link]
| Last album =
| This album = '''''Periphery''''' (2010)
| Next album = ''[[The Icarus Lives EP|Icarus Lives! EP]]'' (2011)
}}

'''''Periphery''''' is the debut studio album by American [[progressive metal]] band [[Periphery (band)|Periphery]], signed by [[Sumerian Records]] and released on April 20, 2010. Many songs on the track list had been written long before the release date but due to vocalist complications the debut album had been postponed on several occasions. Former vocalist Chris Barretto had nearly finished recording the album before he and the band parted ways months before its release. Rather than release the songs with Barretto's vocals, the band decided to rerecord Barretto's songs with Spencer Sotelo.

==Track listing==
{{Tracklist
| title1 =Insomnia
| length1 = 4:49
| title2 = The Walk
| length2 = 5:06
| title3 = Letter Experiment
| length3 = 6:51
| title4 = Jetpacks Was Yes!
| length4 = 3:57
| title5 = Light
| length5 = 5:50
| title6 = All New Materials
| length6 = 5:20
| title7 = Buttersnips
| length7 = 5:54
| title8 = Icarus Lives!
| length8 = 4:24
| title9 = Totla Mad
| length9 = 4:00
| title10 = Ow My Feelings
| length10 = 6:06
| title11 = Zyglrox
| length11 = 5:06
| title12 = Racecar
| length12 = 15:23
}}

{{tracklist
| headline = iTunes Bonus Tracks
| collapsed = no
| title13 = Captain On
| length13 = 3:13
| title14 = Ragtime Dandies
| length14 = 1:12
}}

{{tracklist
| headline = UK Bonus Track
| collapsed = no
| title13 = Eureka
| length13 = 4:51
}}

*As well as releasing two exclusive bonus tracks, instrumental versions of the original twelve songs of the album are also available in the iTunes store
*The iTunes bonus track "Ragtime Dandies" can also be found at the end of "Icarus Lives!" on the CD version of the album

==Production==
The album was recorded instrumentally in the summer of 2009 in the attempt for a 2009 fall release. In the time that vocalist Chris Barretto was fired from the band and current vocalist Spencer Sotelo was hired, Misha Mansoor had come across some new recording and mixing techniques and decided to re-record the instruments on the album to ensure it would sound as good and up to date as possible.

==Personnel==
* Spencer Sotelo — [[lead vocals]]
* Misha "Bulb" Mansoor — [[guitar]], [[programming]], [[record producer|producer]]
* Tom Murphy — [[Bass Guitar|bass]], [[backing vocals]]
* Alex Bois — [[guitar]], [[backing vocals]]
* Matt Halpern — [[drums]], [[percussion]]
* Jake Bowen — [[guitar]], [[programming]]

All instruments produced, mixed and mastered by Misha Mansoor
 

All vocals recorded and produced by Matt Murphy at Illuminate Studios
 

All lyrics by Chris Barretto and Periphery except:
*"Icarus Lives!" Written by Periphery and Casey Sabol
*"Insomnia" Written by Periphery, Chris Barretto, and Casey Sabol
*"Letter Experiment" Written by Periphery, Chris Barretto, and Casey Sabol
*"Jetpacks Was Yes!" Written by Periphery and Matt Murphy

Guest Appearances:
* Adam 'Nolly' Getgood of Red Seas Fire — Guest guitar solo on Totla Mad <ref>http://img508.imageshack.us/img508/8034/nollyguestsolo.png</ref>
* [[Jeff Loomis]] formerly of [[Nevermore]] — Guest guitar solo on Racecar
* Elliot Coleman of [[TesseracT (band)|TesseracT]] — Guest vocals on Racecar
* Casey Sabol formerly of Periphery — Guest vocals on Racecar (although Sabol has repeatedly denied this: Jake Bowen later explained to a fan via his formspring account that the part was a one-off take done by Sabol that the band decided to keep on the final recording. This means that Sabol possibly had no idea that his vocals had been used.)<ref>http://i40.photobucket.com/albums/e211/Bassplayer2491/Untitled-1.jpg?t=1278306320</ref>

==Charts==
===Album===
{| class="wikitable" border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 width="550"
!Year!!Chart!!Peak
|-
||2010 ||The Billboard 200 ||128
|-
||2010 ||Top Hard Rock Albums ||12
|-
||2010 ||Top Heatseekers ||2
|-
||2010 ||Top Independent Albums ||18
|-
||2010 ||Top Rock Albums ||39
|}
<ref>http://www.billboard.com/#/album/periphery/periphery/1325134</ref>

==External links==
* {{cite web |url=http://www.myspace.com/periphery |title=Official Periphery MySpace Page }}
* {{cite web |url=http://sumerianrecords.com/ |title=Periphery Label }}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Periphery (Album)}}
[[Category:2010 albums]]
[[Category:Debut albums]]

[[it:Periphery (album)]]

Turritopsis dohrnii

2011-11-14T08:29:01Z

98.197.171.16: /* Biological immortality */

{{italictitle}}
{{Taxobox
| name = Immortal jellyfish
| image =
| image_caption = ''Turritopsis nutricula''
| status = Not Evaluated
| status_system =
| status_ref =
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Cnidaria]]
| classis = [[Hydrozoa]]
| ordo = [[Anthomedusae]]
| familia = [[Oceanidae]]
| genus = ''[[Turritopsis]]''
| species = '''''T. nutricula'''''
| binomial = ''Turritopsis nutricula''
| binomial_authority = [[McCrady]], 1857<ref>[http://www.eol.org/pages/1015922 Turritopsis nutricula McCrady 1857] - Encyclopedia of Life</ref>
}}
'''''Turritopsis nutricula''''', the '''immortal jellyfish''', is a [[hydrozoa]]n whose medusa, or [[jellyfish]], form can revert to the [[polyp]] stage after becoming [[sexual reproduction|sexually mature]]. It is the only known case of a [[animal|metazoan]] capable of reverting completely to a sexually immature, colonial stage after having reached sexual maturity as a solitary stage.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Bavestrello|first=Giorgio|coauthors=Christian Sommer and Michele Sarà|year=1992|title=Bi-directional conversion in Turritopsis nutricula (Hydrozoa)|journal=Scientia Marina|volume=56|issue=2–3|pages=137–140}}</ref><ref name="piraino-96">{{cite journal|last=Piraino|first=Stefano|coauthors=F. Boero, B. Aeschbach, V. Schmid|year=1996|title=Reversing the life cycle: medusae transforming into polyps and cell transdifferentiation in Turritopsis nutricula (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa)|journal=Biological Bulletin|volume=190|issue=3|pages=302–312|doi=10.2307/1543022|publisher=Biological Bulletin, Vol. 190, No. 3|jstor=1543022}}</ref> It does this through the cell development process of [[transdifferentiation]]. Cell transdifferentiation is when the jellyfish "alters the differentiated state of the cell and transforms it into a new cell". In this process the medusa of the immortal jellyfish is transformed into the polyps of a new polyp colony. First, the umbrella reverts itself and then the tentacles and mesoglea get resorbed. The reverted medusa then attaches itself to the substrate by the end that had been at the opposite end of the umbrella and starts giving rise to new polyps to form the new colony. Theoretically, this process can go on indefinitely, effectively rendering the jellyfish [[Biological immortality|biologically immortal]],<ref name="piraino-96"/><ref name="CheatingDeath">{{cite web|url=http://8e.devbio.com/preview_article.php?ch=2&id=6|title=Cheating Death: The Immortal Life Cycle of Turritopsis|last=Gilbert|first=Scott F.|year=2006|accessdate=2009-03-22}}</ref> although in nature, most ''Turritopsis'', like other medusae, are likely to succumb to predation or disease in the [[plankton]] stage, without reverting to the polyp form.<ref name="National Geographic News">{{cite web
|title="Immortal" Jellyfish Swarm World's Oceans
|author=Ker Than
|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2009/01/090130-immortal-jellyfish-swarm.html
|date=January 29, 2009
|publisher=[[National Geographic News]]
|accessdate=2010-06-16
}}</ref> No single specimen has been observed for any extended period, so it is not currently possible to estimate the age of an individual, and so even if this species has the potential for immortality, there is no laboratory evidence of many generations surviving from any individual.

==Description==

The medusa of ''Turritopsis nutricula'' is bell-shaped, with a maximum diameter of about {{convert|4.5|mm|in}} and is about as tall as it is wide.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Kramp|first=P. L.|title=Synopsis of the medusae of the world|journal=Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom|volume=40|pages=1–469}}</ref><ref name="TimesOnline26012009" /> The jelly in the walls of the bell is uniformly thin, except for some thickening at the apex. The relatively large stomach is bright red and has a cruciform shape in cross section. Young specimens 1 mm in diameter have only eight tentacles evenly spaced out along the edge, while adult specimens have 80-90 tentacles. The medusa (jellyfish) is free-living in the plankton.

''Turritopsis nutricula'' also has a bottom-living polyp form, or hydroid, which consists of stolons that run along the substrate, and upright branches with feeding polyps that can produce medusa buds.<ref>{{cite book|last=Fraser|first=C. McLean|title=Hydroids of the Pacific Coast of Canada and the United States|publisher=University of Toronto Press|year=1937|pages=201 plus 44 plates}}</ref> These polyps develop over a few days into tiny 100 mm medusae, which are liberated and swim free from the parent hydroid colony.

Images of both the medusa and polyp of the closely related species ''Turritopsis rubra'' from [[New Zealand]] can be found online.<ref name="schuchert-10">{{cite web|url=http://www.ville-ge.ch/mhng/hydrozoa/antho/turritopsis-rubra.htm|title=Turritopsis rubra|last=Schuchert|first=Peter|accessdate=23 January 2010}}</ref> Until a recent genetic study, it was thought that ''Turritopsis rubra'' and ''Turritopsis nutricula'' were the same. It is not known whether or not ''T. rubra'' medusae can also transform back into polyps.

==Distribution and range==
''Turritopsis'' is believed to have originated in the [[Pacific]] but has spread all over the world, and has speciated into several populations that are easy to distinguish morphologically, but whose species distinctions have recently been verified by a study and comparison of mitochondrial ribosomal gene sequences.<ref name="telegraph-09">{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/wildlife/4357829/Immortal-jellyfish-swarming-across-the-world.html|title='Immortal' jellyfish swarming across the world |date=January 27, 2009|publisher=[[Telegraph Media Group]]|accessdate=2010-06-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Miglietta|first=M. P.|coauthors=S. Piraino, S. Kubota, P. Schuchert|year=2006|title=Species in the genus Turritopsis (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa): a molecular evaluation|journal=Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research|volume=45|issue=1|pages=11–19|doi=10.1111/j.1439-0469.2006.00379.x}}</ref> ''Turritopsis'' are found in temperate to tropical regions in all of the world's oceans.<ref name="TimesOnline26012009">{{cite web|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/science/article5594539.ece|title=Turritopsis nutricula: the world's only 'immortal' creature|last=Mintowt-Czyz |first=Lech|date=26 January 2009|publisher=[[Times Online]]|accessdate=2009-03-22}}</ref> ''Turritopsis'' is believed to be spreading across the world as ships are [[Ballast water discharge and the environment|discharging]] [[ballast water]] in ports.<ref name="TimesOnline26012009" /> Since the species is immortal, the number of individuals could be rising fast. "We are looking at a worldwide silent invasion" said [[Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute|Smithsonian Tropical Marine Institute]] scientist Dr. Maria Pia Miglietta.<ref name="telegraph-09"/>

==Life cycle==
The eggs develop in gonads of female medusae, which are located in the walls of the manubrium (stomach). Mature eggs are presumably spawned and fertilized in the sea by sperm produced and released by male medusae, as is the case for most hydromedusae, although the related species ''Turritopsis rubra'' seems to retain fertilized eggs until the planula stage.<ref name="schuchert-10"/> Fertilized eggs develop into [[planula]] larvae, which settle onto the sea floor (or even the rich marine communities that live on floating docks), and develop into polyp colonies ([[hydroids]]). The hydroids bud new jellyfishes, which are released at about 1 mm in size and then grow and feed in the plankton, becoming sexually mature after a few weeks (the exact duration depends on the ocean temperature; at {{convert|20|C|F}} it is 25 to 30 days and at {{convert|22|C|F}} it is 18 to 22 days).<ref name="piraino-96"/>

===Biological immortality===
Most jellyfish species have a relatively fixed life span, which varies by species from hours to many months (long-lived mature jellyfish spawn every day or night; the time is also fairly fixed and species-specific).<ref>{{cite journal|last=Mills|first=C. E.|year=1983|title=Vertical migration and diel activity patterns of hydromedusae: studies in a large tank|journal=Journal of Plankton Research|volume=5|pages=619–635|doi=10.1093/plankt/5.5.619|issue=5}}</ref> The medusa of ''Turritopsis nutricula'' is the only form known to have developed the ability to return to a polyp state, by a specific transformation process that requires the presence of certain cell types (tissue from both the jellyfish bell surface and the circulatory canal system). Careful laboratory experiments have revealed that all stages of the medusae, from newly released to fully mature individuals, can transform back into polyps.<ref name="piraino-96"/> The transforming [[medusae|medusa]] is characterized first by deterioration of the bell and tentacles, with subsequent growth of a [[perisarc]] sheet and [[stolon]]s, and finally feeding polyps. Polyps further multiply by growing additional stolons, branches and then polyps, to form colonial [[hydroids]]. This ability to reverse the life cycle (in response to adverse conditions) is probably unique in the animal kingdom, and allows the jellyfish to bypass death, rendering ''Turritopsis nutricula'' potentially [[biological immortality|biologically immortal]]. Studies in the laboratory showed that 100% of specimens could revert to the polyp stage, but so far the process has not been observed in nature, in part because the process is quite rapid and field observations at the right moment in time are unlikely.<ref name="piraino-96" /> In spite of this remarkable ability, most ''Turritopsis'' medusae are likely to fall victim to the general hazards of life as [[plankton]], including being eaten by other animals, or succumbing to disease.

== Benefits for Humans ==

The turriptosis nutricula's cell development method of transdifferentiation has inspired scientists to find a way to make stem cells use this process for renewing damaged or dead tissue in humans.<ref>{{cite web|last=Dimberu|first=Peniel M.|title=Immortal Jellyfish Provides Clues for Regenerative Medicine|url=http://singularityhub.com/2011/04/25/immortal-jellyfish-provides-clues-for-regenerative-medicine/|publisher=Singularity Hub|accessdate=26 October 2011}}</ref> Also, it is believed that the immortal jellyfish may hold the answer to cure cancer and create anti-aging medication.<ref>{{cite web|last=Than|first=Ker|title="Immortal" Jellyfish Swarm World's Oceans|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2009/01/090130-immortal-jellyfish-swarm_2.html|publisher=National Geographic Society|accessdate=26 October 2011}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[List of long-living organisms]]
*[[Biological immortality]]
*''[[Hydra (genus)|Hydra]]'' – another kind of cnidarian that is claimed to be immortal

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==Further reading==
* {{Cite journal | last1=Piraino | first1=S. | last2=Boero | first2=F. | last3=Aeschbach | first3=B. | last4=Schmid | first4=V. | title=Reversing the Life Cycle: Medusae Transforming into Polyps and Cell Transdifferentiation in Turritopsis nutricula (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) | journal=The Biological Bulletin | volume=190 | issue=3 | year=1996 | url=http://www.biolbull.org/cgi/reprint/190/3/302 | doi=10.2307/1543022 | pages=302–312 | jstor=1543022 | publisher=Biological Bulletin, Vol. 190, No. 3 | postscript=}}

==External links==
{{wikispecies|Clavidae}}
* [http://8e.devbio.com/preview_article.php?ch=2&id=6 Cheating Death: The Immortal Life Cycle of ''Turritopsis'']
* [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19000774?log$=activity Telomerase activity is not related to life history stage in the jellyfish Cassiopea sp.]
*{{eol|1015922}}
* [http://scienceray.com/biology/scientists-are-close-to-finding-a-way-to-be-immortal/ Scientists are Close to Finding a Way to be Immortal]
* {{NCBI|502953}}
* {{ITIS
| id = 48898
| taxon =Turritopsis nutricula
| accessdate = 16 June 2011
}}
* {{Eol|1015922}}

{{Longevity}}
[[Category:Anthomedusae]]
[[Category:Immortality]]

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