Wikipedia - User contributions [en]

Gevirtz Graduate School of Education

2014-01-10T19:22:28Z

Casecrer:

[[File:Gevirtz-school.jpg|thumbnail|exterior of the Gevirtz School, UC Santa Barbara]]

The '''Gevirtz Graduate School of Education''' is a [[graduate school]] at the [[University of California, Santa Barbara]] which specializes in the field of education and counseling, clinical and school psychology. It is located in technology-enabled Education Building which has been built in 2009 on the UCSB campus. In 2013, the Gevirtz School was once again named one of the best graduate schools of education in the United States by [[U.S. News & World Report]].<ref>{{cite news
| last =
| first =
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| title =America's Best Graduate Schools
| work =U.S. News and World Report
| pages =
| language =
| publisher =
| year =2013
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| accessdate =2013-12-19}}</ref> In addition to its graduate programs, it also contains the Koegel Autism Center, Hosford Counseling & Psychological Clinic, the Psychology Assessment Center, and the McEnroe Reading & Language Arts Clinic. The Gevirtz School has a pre-K – 6 laboratory school, [[The Harding University Partnership School]], in the Santa Barbara Unified School District.<ref>{{cite news
| last =
| first =
| coauthors =
| title =Harding University Partnership School
| work =Santa Barbara Unified School District
| pages =
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| year =2013
| url =http://www.sbunified.org/schools/elementary-schools/harding-university-partnership-school/
| accessdate =2013-12-19}}</ref>

The Department of Counseling, Clinical, and School Psychology (CCSP) is one of only two [[American Psychological Association (APA) accredited]] <ref>{{cite news
| last =
| first =
| coauthors =
| title =Certified Programs
| work =American Psychological Association
| pages =
| language =
| publisher =
| year =2013
| url =http://www.apa.org/ed/accreditation/programs/accred-prof-scientific.aspx
| accessdate =2013-12-19}}</ref> combined programs in counseling, clinical and school psychology in the U.S., with a focus on thriving, resilience, trauma recovery, multicultural competencies, prevention science, school readiness, and social justice. Students in CCSP take advantage of a dense network of partnership schools and collaborating mental health agencies to deepen training.

The Department of Education offers a scholarly studies in number of research areas including culture, development; language, literacy; learning, technology, policy, leadership, research methods; science and mathematics education, special education, disabilities, and risk studies, teacher education and professional development.

Students across the School take advantage of advanced research training in quantitative and qualitative approaches with a special focus on video analysis and handling of large data sets.

The Teacher Education Program was 1 of 6 model programs in California named as “California’s assets” in the governor’s State Educator Excellence [[Task Force report]].<ref>{{cite news
| last =
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| title =Greatness by Design: Supporting Outstanding Teaching to Sustain the Golden State
| work =California State Government
| pages =
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| date =Sep 2012
| url =
| accessdate =}}</ref> It is fully accredited by the [[California Commission on Teacher Credentialing]].<ref>{{cite news
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| title =Accredited State Universities
| work =California Commission on Teacher Credentialing
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| url =https://info.ctc.ca.gov/fmi/xsl/accreditation/accreditation_reports.html#UC
| accessdate =2013-12-19}}</ref>

The Gevirtz School is a center for education both on the UC Santa Barbara campus – where it collaborates with numerous departments through grants and doctoral emphases – and in the region – particularly through housing the Tri-Projects, a center for professional development in writing, science, and mathematics. It works extensively to promote and improve STEM education through its CalTeach and Noyce programs.

The school is noted for its international reach, hosting (just in 2013-14) 29 visiting scholars representing 10 countries across 4 continents. Over the past five years, Gevirtz faculty members conducted or presented research in over 80 countries.

==Programs==
*The Department of Counseling, Clinical, and School Psychology – offering a Ph.D. in Counseling, Clinical or School Psych and a M.Ed. with Pupil Personnel Services Credential in School Psych

*The Department of Education – offering a M.S. and Ph.D. centered around seven different research focus areas (Culture and Development; Language and Literacy;
Learning, Culture and Technology Studies; Policy, Leadership and Research Methods; Science and Mathematics Education; Special Education, Disabilities, and Risk Studies; Teacher Education and Professional Development)

*Teacher Education Program (TEP) – offering a M.Ed. with an emphasis in Teaching and Credential Programs for primary, secondary, and special education teaching

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://education.ucsb.edu Gevirtz Graduate School of Education]

{{coord|34.415176|-119.850765|type:edu_globe:earth_region:US-CA|display=title}}

{{UCSB}}

[[Category:Schools of education in California]]
[[Category:University of California, Santa Barbara]]

{{US-west-university-stub}}

Talk:University of California, Santa Barbara College of Letters and Science

2013-12-12T23:10:41Z

Casecrer:

{{WikiProject Schools |class= |importance= }}

==Seal==
I replaced the fair-use image by the public-domain image [[:File:Uc_seal_black.png]]. According to http://www.aw.id.ucsb.edu/logos/ this public-domain image (without the word Santa Barbara in it) is also officially used.--[[User:Casecrer|Casecrer]] ([[User talk:Casecrer|talk]]) 23:10, 12 December 2013 (UTC)

Talk:University of California, Santa Barbara College of Engineering

2013-12-12T23:09:43Z

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{{WikiProject University of California|class=Start|importance=Mid}}
{{WikiProject Universities|class=Start|importance=Mid}}
{{dyktalk|2 August|2008|entry=... that the faculty of the '''[[UCSB College of Engineering|College of Engineering]]''', [[University of California, Santa Barbara]] boast of two [[Nobel Prize]] winners and one [[Millennium Technology Prize]] winner?|views=484}}

==Image copyright problem with File:Ucsb seal.svg==
The image [[:File:Ucsb seal.svg]] is used in this article under a claim of [[WP:NFC|fair use]], but it does not have an adequate explanation for why it meets the [[WP:NFCC|requirements for such images]] when used here. In particular, for each page the image is used on, it must have an [[Wikipedia:Non-free use rationale guideline|explanation]] linking to that page which explains why it needs to be used on that page. Please check

:* That there is a [[Wikipedia:Non-free use rationale guideline|non-free use rationale]] on the image's description page for the use in this article.
:* That this article is linked to from the image description page.


This is an automated notice by [[User:FairuseBot|FairuseBot]]. For assistance on the image use policy, see [[Wikipedia:Media copyright questions]]. --19:25, 8 January 2009 (UTC)

:I replaced the fair-use image by the public-domain image [[:File:Uc_seal_black.png]]. According to http://www.aw.id.ucsb.edu/logos/ this public-domain image (without the word Santa Barbara in it) is also officially used.--[[User:Casecrer|Casecrer]] ([[User talk:Casecrer|talk]]) 23:09, 12 December 2013 (UTC)

University of California, Santa Barbara College of Letters and Science

2013-12-12T23:08:47Z

Casecrer: using public domain instead of fair-use image. See discussion page.

{{Infobox University
|name= University of California, Santa Barbara
|image_name= Uc seal black.png
|image_size= 200px
|city= [[Santa Barbara, California]]
|country= [[USA]]
|website= http://www.ucsb.edu/
}}

The '''College of Letters and Science''' is the largest college at the [[University of California, Santa Barbara]].
The College, which offers 80 majors and 38 minors to over 17,000 undergraduates and 2,000 graduate students, has about 700 faculty members.
<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.college.ucsb.edu/about | title=The College of Letters and Science|accessdate=2011-12-22 | publisher=University of California, Santa Barbara}}</ref>

==Academics==

===Degrees===
The college offers the [[Bachelor of Arts]], [[Bachelor of Fine Arts]], [[Bachelor of Science]], [[Master of Science]], and [[Doctor of Philosophy]] degrees.

===Departments and Programs===
Forty-seven Academic departments and programs within the College of Letters and Science are grouped into three academic divisions: the Division of Humanities and Fine Arts; the Division of Mathematical, Life, and Physical Sciences; and the Division of Social Sciences. The College’s Division of Undergraduate Education, offers academic services to the undergraduates and is the home of the Honors Program.

The Division of Humanities and Fine Arts includes 22 academic departments and programs:
* Department of Art
* Department of Classics
* Comparative Literature Program
* Department of East Asian Languages and Cultural Studies
* Department of English
* English for Multilingual Students Program
* Department of Film and Media Studies
* Department of French and Italian
* Department of Germanic, Slavic, and Semitic Studies
* Department of History
* Department of the History of Art and Architecture
* Program in Latin American and Iberian Studies
* Department of Linguistics
* Graduate Program in Media Arts and Technology (joint with College of Engineering)
* Program in Medieval Studies
* Department of Music
* Department of Philosophy
* Department of Religious Studies
* Renaissance Studies Program
* Department of Spanish and Portuguese
* Department of Theater and Dance
* Writing Program

The Division of Mathematical, Life, and Physical Sciences includes 14 academic departments and programs:
* Graduate Program in Biomolecular Science and Engineering (joint with College of Engineering)
* Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
* Department of Earth Science
* Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology
* Program in Environmental Studies
* Program in Financial Mathematics and Statistics
* Department of Geography
* Graduate Program in Marine Science
* Department of Mathematics
* Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology
* [[UC Santa Barbara Physics Department|Department of Physics]]
* Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences
* Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences
* Department of Statistics and Applied Probability

The Division of Social Sciences includes 11 academic departments and programs:
* Department of Anthropology
* Department of Asian American Studies
* Department of Black Studies
* Department of Chicana and Chicano Studies
* Department of Communication
* Department of Economics
* Department of Feminist Studies
* Global and International Studies Program
* Department of Military Science
* Department of Political Science
* Department of Sociology

==Faculty==
The college has about 700 faculty members engaged in teaching and research. The L&S faculty includes four [[Nobel Prize]] laureates and 29 members of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]].

==Publications==
'''''Convergence''''' is the magazine of Engineering and the Sciences at UC Santa Barbara. Sponsored by the College of Engineering, the Division of Mathematical, Life, and Physical Sciences in the College of Letters and Science, and the California NanoSystems Institute, '''''Convergence''''' was begun in early 2005 as a three-times-a-year print publication. It is available online and in print.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://convergence.ucsb.edu/about |title=About Convergence Online |accessdate=2008-10-20 |publisher=University of California, Santa Barbara}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[University of California, Santa Barbara]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.college.ucsb.edu/ UCSB College of Letters and Science]

{{UCSB}}

{{coord missing|Santa Barbara County, California}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:UCSB College of Letters and Science}}
[[Category:University of California, Santa Barbara]]
[[Category:University subdivisions in California]]

Talk:University of California, Santa Barbara College of Engineering

2013-12-12T23:06:19Z

Casecrer: /* Image copyright problem with File:Ucsb seal.svg */

University of California, Santa Barbara College of Engineering

2013-12-12T23:03:02Z

Casecrer: using public domain instead of fair-use image. See discussion page.

{{Infobox_University
|name= University of California, Santa Barbara
|image_name= Uc_seal_black.png
|image_size= 200px
|type= [[Public university|Public]]
|city= [[Santa Barbara, California]]
|country= [[USA]]
|website= http://www.ucsb.edu/
}}

The '''College of Engineering''' is one of the three undergraduate colleges at the [[University of California, Santa Barbara]].

As of 2011, there were 145 faculty, 1345 undergraduate students, and 753 graduate students.<ref name="UCSB Engineering Facts">{{cite web |url=http://engineering.ucsb.edu/about/facts |title=UCSB Engineering Facts |accessdate=2012-12-04 |publisher=University of California, Santa Barbara}}</ref> According to the [[Academic Ranking of World Universities]], the college is ranked 6th in the world in the Engineering field.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/FieldENG2012.html|title=Academic Ranking of World Universities in Engineering/Technology and Computer Sciences - 2012|publisher= Academic Ranking of World Universities|accessdate=2013-08-28}}</ref>

==Departments and Programs==
The College of Engineering comprises the following departments:<ref name="Facts Brochure">{{cite web |url=http://www.engr.ucsb.edu/departments/ |title=Departments |accessdate=2008-07-27 |publisher=University of California, Santa Barbara}}</ref>
* [[UCSB Department of Chemical Engineering |Chemical Engineering]] (established in 1965)
* [[University of California Santa Barbara Computer Science Department|Computer Science]] (established in 1979)
* [[UCSB Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering|Electrical and Computer Engineering]] (established in 1962)
* [[Materials science|Materials]] (established in 1987)
* [[Mechanical engineering|Mechanical Engineering]] (established in 1964)

The college is connected to the UCSB campus through innovative multi-disciplinary/outreach academic programs:<ref name="engr.ucsb.edu">{{cite web |url=http://www.engr.ucsb.edu/pdf/facts_august2007_final.pdf |title=Facts Brochure |accessdate=2008-10-20 |format=pdf |publisher=University of California, Santa Barbara}}</ref>
* Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program (BMSE)
* [[Center for Information Technology & Society]] (CITS)
* Computational Science and Engineering (CSE) Program and IGERT
*[http://www.ce.ucsb.edu/ Computer Engineering Program (CE Program)]
* Media Arts and Technology Program (MATP)
* Technology Management Program (TMP)
* California Alliance for Minority Participation (CAMP)
* MESA Engineering Program (MEP) and MESA Schools Program (MSP)

==Research Units==
One of the strengths of the College of Engineering is its ability to cross traditional academic boundaries in collaborative research. Much of this work is conducted through interdisciplinary research centers and institutes, which include:<ref name="engr.ucsb.edu"/>
* [http://www.cnsi.ucsb.edu/ California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI)]
* Center for [[Bioimage informatics|Bio-Image Informatics]]
* Center for the Chemical Design of Materials
* [http://www.ccdc.ucsb.edu/ Center for Control, Dynamical-Systems, and Computation (CCDC)]
* Center for Information Technology and Society
* Center for Multifunctional Materials and Structures
* Center for Nanotechnology and Society
* Center for Nanotechnology for Treatment, Understanding and Monitoring of Cancer (NanoTUMOR)
* Center for Polymers and Organic Solids
* Center for Risk Studies and Safety
* Complex Fluid Design Consortium
* Information Sensing, Processing, and Networking Research Group (ISPAN)
* Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies (ICB)
* Institute for Multiscale Materials Studies
* [http://iee.ucsb.edu/ Institute for Energy Efficiency]
* Interdisciplinary Center for Wide Band-Gap Semiconductors
* International Centers for Materials Research
* [http://www.mrl.ucsb.edu/ Materials Research Laboratory]
* Mitsubishi Chemical Center for Advanced Materials
* [http://www.nnin.org/nnin_ucsb.html National Nanofabrication Infrastructure Network]
* Optoelectronics Technology Center
* Solid State Lighting and Energy Center
* SRC Nonclassical CMOS Research Center
* UCSB Air Products Alliance
* [http://www.nanotech.ucsb.edu/ UCSB Nanofabrication Research Center]

==Academics==
===Undergraduate programs===

The college offers the B.S. degree in [[chemical engineering]], [[computer engineering]], [[computer science]], [[electrical engineering]], and [[mechanical engineering]].<ref name="Facts">{{cite web |url=http://www.engr.ucsb.edu/about/facts/ |title=Facts |accessdate=2008-07-27 |publisher=University of California, Santa Barbara}}</ref> The B.S. programs in chemical engineering, electrical engineering, and mechanical engineering are accredited by the Engineering Accreditation Commission of [[Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology]] (ABET). The computer science B.S. program is accredited by the Computing Accreditation Commission of ABET.

Jointly with the Department of Computer Science and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, the college offers undergraduate degree in [[computer engineering]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ce.ucsb.edu/ |title=Computer Engineering Program Overview |accessdate=2008-11-03 |publisher=University of California, Santa Barbara}}</ref>

The curriculum for the undergraduate programs is designed to be completed in four years.

===Graduate programs===

The college offers the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in chemical engineering, computer science, electrical and computer engineering, materials and mechanical engineering.<ref name="Facts"/>

The college also offers graduate programs in Biomolecular Science and Engineering and Media Arts and Technology.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mat.ucsb.edu/ |title=Media Arts and Technology at UCSB |accessdate=2008-07-29 |publisher=University of California, Santa Barbara}}</ref>

==Faculty==
The college has 145 faculty members, most of whom are involved in interdisciplinary research and academic programs. Twenty-seven faculty members are in the [[National Academy of Engineering]] and nine are elected to the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]].<ref name="Faculty">{{cite web |url=http://www.engr.ucsb.edu/faculty/ |title=Faculty |accessdate=2008-07-31 |publisher=University of California, Santa Barbara}}</ref> Two faculty member have won the [[Nobel Prize]]. [[Alan J. Heeger]], Professor of Physics and of Materials, won the 2000 [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] "''for the discovery and development of conductive polymers''" and [[Herbert Kroemer]], Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering and of Materials, won the 2000 [[Nobel Prize in Physics]] "''for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed and opto-electronics''".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucsb.edu/nobel/index.shtml |title=UCSB Nobel Laureates |accessdate=2008-07-31 |publisher=University of California, Santa Barbara}}</ref> In 2006 [[Shuji Nakamura]], a professor at Materials Department, won the [[Millennium Technology Prize]] for developing blue, green, and white LEDs and the blue laser diode.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.engr.ucsb.edu/faculty/profile/82 |title=Shuji Nakamura |accessdate=2008-07-31 |publisher=University of California, Santa Barbara}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Top prize for 'light' inventor |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/5328446.stm |work= |publisher=BBC News |date=September 8, 2006 |accessdate=2008-07-31 }}</ref>

==Publications==
'''''Convergence''''' is the magazine of Engineering and the Sciences at UC Santa Barbara. Sponsored by the College of Engineering, the Division of Mathematical, Life, and Physical Sciences in the College of Letters and Science, and the California NanoSystems Institute, '''''Convergence''''' was begun in early 2005 as a three-times-a-year print publication, with the goal of bringing stories of interest from engineering and the sciences to the desks and coffee tables of a wide range of alumni, friends, partners, funding agencies, corporations, donors and potential supporters. This publication is available online and in print.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://convergence.ucsb.edu/about |title=About Convergence Online |accessdate=2008-10-20 |publisher=University of California, Santa Barbara}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[University of California, Santa Barbara]]
* [[College of Engineering#California|Engineering colleges in California]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
*[http://www.engr.ucsb.edu/ UCSB College of Engineering]
*[http://www.chemengr.ucsb.edu/ Department of Chemical Engineering]
*[http://www.cs.ucsb.edu/ Department of Computer Science]
*[http://www.ece.ucsb.edu/ Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering]
*[http://www.materials.ucsb.edu/ Department of Materials]
*[http://www.me.ucsb.edu/ Department of Mechanical Engineering]
*[http://www.ce.ucsb.edu/ Computer Engineering Program]
{{coord|34.413868|-119.841214|region:US_type:edu|display=title}}

{{UCSB}}
{{California engineering colleges with ABET-accredited programs |state=expanded}}

[[Category:University of California, Santa Barbara|College of Engineering]]
[[Category:Engineering universities and colleges in California]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1964]]
[[Category:University subdivisions in California]]

User talk:Casecrer

2013-12-12T22:23:43Z

Casecrer:

--[[User:Casecrer|Casecrer]] ([[User talk:Casecrer#top|talk]]) 16:28, 28 October 2013 (UTC)

User talk:Casecrer

2013-12-12T22:21:40Z

Casecrer:

User talk:Ucla90024

2013-11-20T02:59:49Z

Casecrer: /* Alt text for UCLA seal */ new section

==Welcome==
'''Welcome!'''

Hello, {{BASEPAGENAME}}, and [[Wikipedia:Introduction|welcome]] to Wikipedia! Thank you for [[Special:Contributions/{{BASEPAGENAME}}|your contributions]]{{#if:|, especially what you did for [[{{{art}}}]]|}}. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are some pages that you might find helpful:
*[[Wikipedia:Five pillars|The five pillars of Wikipedia]]
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*[[Wikipedia:How to edit a page|How to edit a page]]
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*[[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|Manual of Style]]
I hope you enjoy editing here and being a [[Wikipedia:Wikipedians|Wikipedian]]! Please [[Wikipedia:Signatures|sign]] your messages on [[Wikipedia:talk page|discussion page]]s using four [[tilde]]s (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); this will automatically insert your username and the date. If you need help, check out [[Wikipedia:Questions]], ask me on {{#if:|[[user talk:{{{1}}}|my talk page]]|my talk page}}, or ask your question on this page and then place <code><nowiki>{{helpme}}</nowiki></code> before the question. Again, welcome! 
--[[User:evrik|evrik]] ([[User talk:evrik|talk]]) 19:33, 24 April 2008 (UTC)

==Notes==
* [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Nehrams2020/Image_Permissions Photo experience]. ([[User talk:Ucla90024#top|talk]]) 20:47, 10 July 2009 (UTC)

==Image copyright problem with Image:08 Decor Place.jpg==
Thanks for uploading [[:Image:08 Decor Place.jpg]]. The image has been identified as not specifying the copyright status of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. Even if you created the image yourself, you still need to release it so Wikipedia can use it. If you don't indicate the copyright status of the image on the image's description page, using an appropriate [[WP:ICT|copyright tag]], it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you made this image yourself, you can use copyright tags like {{tl|PD-self}} (to release all rights), {{tlx|self|CC-by-sa-3.0|GFDL}} (to require that you be credited), or any tag [[Wikipedia:Image copyright tags/Free licenses|here]] - just go to the image, click edit, and add one of those. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided copyright information for them as well.

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* [[Wikipedia:Image copyright tags]]

This is an automated notice by [[User:STBotI|STBotI]]. For assistance on the image use policy, see [[Wikipedia:Media copyright questions]]. NOTE: once you correct this, please remove the tag from the image's page. [[User:STBotI|STBotI]] ([[User talk:STBotI|talk]]) 02:51, 25 April 2008 (UTC)
*I added the tag for you. Please feel free to fix it. --[[User:evrik|evrik]] ([[User talk:evrik|talk]]) 13:25, 30 April 2008 (UTC)

== thanks ==
finaly got the image uploaded and ran out of time to make the format good.
thanks. What other images do you think we dhould add [[User:Saltysailor|Saltysailor]] ([[User talk:Saltysailor|talk]]) 21:50, 13 June 2008 (UTC)

*Nice to have a pic for each section. Could use a pic of White suiters (group perferable), presidents, float testing, grand marshals, Rose Bowl or game photo. I have too many pictures to go through, they are slides and negatives [[User:Ucla90024|Ucla90024]] ([[User talk:Ucla90024#top|talk]]) 16:47, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

== image police ==
bots and admins have been gettn tough on images that are not clearly free
[[User:Saltysailor|Saltysailor]] ([[User talk:Saltysailor|talk]]) 21:54, 13 June 2008 (UTC)

== exactly ==
是！
[[User:Amiens984|Amiens984]] ([[User talk:Amiens984|talk]]) 09:51, 27 June 2008 (UTC)
* 一点点。。。
write me [http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discussioni_utente:Amiens984 here]
[[User:Amiens984|Amiens984]] ([[User talk:Amiens984|talk]]) 09:03, 22 July 2008 (UTC)

== [[WP:3O|Third opinion]] request ==

Hi Ucla90024!

You listed a request at WP:3O that was malformed. I would like to get the request fixed for you, but there seems to be no talk page where any discussion is actually taking place on the issue. I am going to remove the request for now, but please relist it once you have begun a discussion (preferably at [[Talk:United States Army]]) about the issue. Other editors there may help to decide concensus without needing the third opinion. If you need help listing the discussion correctly, feel free to ask. [[User:JimMillerJr|Jim Miller]] ([[User talk:JimMillerJr|talk]]) 01:20, 2 August 2008 (UTC)

* Thanks. But the discussion was at his talk page: [[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Signaleer&diff=prev&oldid=227687233]]. He just keep saying a picture is bias when other unit pictures are not provided. It's an impossible job to have a picture of all units and every picture is bias in one way. [[User:Ucla90024|Ucla90024]] ([[User talk:Ucla90024#top|talk]]) 17:49, 6 August 2008 (UTC)

== Good work ==

Thanks for your contributions to Southern Californian politicians and places. You're making Wikipedia a better encyclopedia. [[Special:Contributions/Will_Beback| *:* ]][[User:Will Beback|Will Beback]] [[User talk:Will Beback|*:*]] 16:50, 6 August 2008 (UTC)

* Thanks. [[User:Ucla90024|Ucla90024]] ([[User talk:Ucla90024#top|talk]]) 17:50, 6 August 2008 (UTC)

== [[Rick Neuheisel]] ==

Thank you very much for your quick attention to my revision (237204266) of this article. I made this edit quite on the spur of the moment. If in my haste I committed a factual, stylistic, or grammatical error here, you need not hesitate to bring it to my attention--if you prefer, by all means point it out on the discussion page of article [[Rick Neuheisel]]. I will be glad to revise my work if I am in error. Let me know what I can do to reach an edit satisfactory to both of us. We seem to share a kindred spirit in our support of Bruin football, and I look forward to conversing with you! [[User:Lantana11|Lantana11]] ([[User talk:Lantana11|talk]]) 03:41, 10 September 2008 (UTC)Lantana11[[User:Lantana11|Lantana11]] ([[User talk:Lantana11|talk]]) 03:41, 10 September 2008 (UTC)

== [[Rick Neuheisel]] ==

Please look at the edit history of this article and its related "diffs." I had nothing to do with the "goat" nonsense, whatever on earth that is. I did not include it, did not re-insert it, and I can assure you that only by some accident did that line reappear in the article; perhaps I was inadvertently working on the wrong version and saved it. My edits were as follows: I added to the story of the 1984 Rose Bowl by including the date (January 2, which I thought was a significant point because January 1 was a Sunday, which moved the Tournament of Roses to the next day); I also included the fact that the Bruins' victory, an entirely unexpected rout over the "Fighting Illini", made the team worthy of a national ranking. I embellished the summary of this game and Neuheisel's efforts in part because I was there, and I still cherish the memory of that afternoon. A closer look at the history of this article shows that the "goat" foolishness was added by User 24.124.127.57, whoever he is; with additions like this he understandably wishes to be anonymous. I approach the Rick Neuheisel article, and your page, with all good faith, support, and friendship. I have taken the liberty of reinserting my edits to the article. Thank you, Nick.
[[User:Lantana11|Lantana11]] ([[User talk:Lantana11|talk]]) 05:54, 10 September 2008 (UTC)Lantana11[[User:Lantana11|Lantana11]] ([[User talk:Lantana11|talk]]) 05:54, 10 September 2008 (UTC)

* I will tell Rick that you enjoyed the game when I see him next. [[User:Ucla90024|Ucla90024]] ([[User talk:Ucla90024#top|talk]]) 22:20, 10 September 2008 (UTC)

== Just to add-- ==

I would greatly appreciate that; I have long been an admirer of his. We seem to share some common subjects of interest, not the least of which is the [[Tournament of Roses]], of which I have been a frequent attendee. I also once lived in your ZIP code as well...I miss it. Nick [[User:Lantana11|Lantana11]] ([[User talk:Lantana11|talk]]) 22:52, 10 September 2008 (UTC)Lantana11[[User:Lantana11|Lantana11]] ([[User talk:Lantana11|talk]]) 22:52, 10 September 2008 (UTC)

* Yes, the Queen and Court tryouts will be started soon at the Tournament of Roses. Our President will also announce the Grand Marshal, should be someone from the entertainment business to match his theme "Hats off to Enteraintment." [[User:Ucla90024|Ucla90024]] ([[User talk:Ucla90024#top|talk]]) 06:35, 11 September 2008 (UTC)

==I know from the internet==
I do research on the internet - that is how I know about them :) [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 21:54, 17 September 2008 (UTC)
* BTW there are several LAUSD schools that need photos. If you have a digital camera please upload photos of LAUSD campuses onto the [[Wikimedia Commons]]. Schools that need photos are:
* <s>[[University High School (Los Angeles)]]</s>
* <s>[[Emerson Middle School (Los Angeles)]]</s>
* <s>Warner Avenue ES (for [[Bel-Air, Los Angeles, California]] and [[Westwood, Los Angeles, California]])</s>
* Roscomare Road ES (for [[Bel-Air, Los Angeles, California]])
* Community Magnet Charter School (for [[Bel-Air, Los Angeles, California]])
* [[Paul Revere Charter Middle School]]
* Kenter Canyon Elementary School (for [[Brentwood, Los Angeles, California]])
* Brockton Avenue Elementary School (for [[Brentwood, Los Angeles, California]])
* Brentwood Science Magnet Elementary School ([[Brentwood, Los Angeles, California]])
* Pacific Palisades Elementary School (for [[Pacific Palisades, Los Angeles, California]] and [[Brentwood, Los Angeles, California]])
* Marquez Elementary School (for [[Pacific Palisades, Los Angeles, California]])
* <s>Westwood Elementary School (for [[Westwood, Los Angeles, California]])</s>
* <s>Fairburn Elementary School (for [[Westwood, Los Angeles, California]])</s>
Also it would be nice if one got a bigger photo of [[Palisades Charter High School]] :)
[[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 22:03, 17 September 2008 (UTC)

* I don't go out of my way to take pictures. :) [[User:Ucla90024|Ucla90024]] ([[User talk:Ucla90024#top|talk]]) 22:23, 17 September 2008 (UTC)

==Los Angeles areas==
Hmm - I understood that neighborhood councils and community areas are distinct - but I'm trying to figure out which is better to describe the community - Or we could mention both (i.e. XX Neighborhood council and YY community area) [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 04:53, 20 September 2008 (UTC)

* Communities are the legal names. Additionally, sub-communities are noted in the community plans and signs are put up. For example, you can see "Pico-Union" signs are put up in the Pico-Union area of the Westlake community. There are many sub-communities in a community. [[User:Ucla90024|Ucla90024]] ([[User talk:Ucla90024#top|talk]]) 04:59, 20 September 2008 (UTC)
** So, if Pico-Union is a community within Westlake, we can refer to West Adams High School as being in the Pico-Union area of the Westlake community, correct? [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 05:12, 20 September 2008 (UTC)

* West Adams serves South Central, Wilshire, and Westlake communities. West Adams is located at Washington Blvd and Vermont Ave., southwest on the Pico Union Neighborhood Council map, whereas Pico Union is the brown area in Westlake community on the map., as outlined by the blue dotted lines. I will have to take a look to see what community area signs are put up by the school. No question the Pico-Union signs are not located there. Pico Union signs should be located east of Hoover Ave. [[User:Ucla90024|Ucla90024]] ([[User talk:Ucla90024#top|talk]]) 05:30, 20 September 2008 (UTC)

** This sentence for Los Angeles High School "The attendance boundary consists of a contrasting spectrum of economic diversity ranging from affluent Hancock Park to the low-income, densely populated immigrant community of the Pico-Union District." is totally wrong. Don't know there such thing as "Pico-Union District". See [[Pico-Union]]. [[User:Ucla90024|Ucla90024]] ([[User talk:Ucla90024#top|talk]]) 05:39, 20 September 2008 (UTC)

*** Regarding West Adams, its address is indeed 1500 W. Washington Blvd. - The address, though, appears within the brown border in this map: http://cityplanning.lacity.org/complan/cnc/citywd_nc/pdf/picounion_nc.pdf - The school is next to the intersection of South Vermont and West Washington. The map says that the Pico Union Neighborhood Council extends to the Santa Monica Freeway - the brown border exists within the Wilshire, Westlake, AND South Los Angeles community areas. However this also proves that the school is within the South Los Angeles Community area, NOT the Wilshire community area. I corrected that in the article. Now as for LAHS and Pico Union, this is likely no longer true because of the fact that West Adams opened. I think the "Pico-Union District" thing is just casual speech. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 07:20, 20 September 2008 (UTC)

1. The templates give community names, but there is not much else that I see. In other words, does the Los Angeles WikiProject have guidelines on how to determine the correct community? What are the tools that a user can use?

2. Regarding "correct" communities and neighborhoods, this will have to have a reference. The neat thing about community neighborhood or council boundary maps is that they provide a reference for saying "X is in Y community or Z this." As per [[WP:V]] things generally need to be referenced, so having these maps really help. Of course address name in the case of the San Fernando Valley help too.
* "Even with these communities, there are number of errors. For example Temple-Beaudry in not located within Pico-Union." - Is Temple-Beaudry where the Belmont Learning Complex is? If so, the map that I used, which was published on the City of Los Angeles website, does not show that particular area as being within Pico Union (I used the map with the brown in it, which doesn't match the map you cited at laalmanac.com). If not, then is there a correct or "correct" map published by a different agency in Los Angeles?
3. I am aware that definitions of actual neighborhoods can vary depending on the source. Sometimes I like to use homeowner's association maps. Other times I go by the address.

So, how can we determine which object is in which neighborhood? Some neighborhoods have homeowner's associations (i.e. Hancock Park), but there are some that do not. How are we to "define" the neighborhood in the cases of the homes that do not have neighborhood associations? In other words, if there is a verifiable source that gives "narrower" boundaries of a particular community, we could use that source instead of a neighborhood council, etc. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 00:38, 21 September 2008 (UTC)
[[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 00:38, 21 September 2008 (UTC)

Alright, this one http://www.crala.net/internet-site/Projects/Pico_Union_1/upload/2008PicoUnion1and2Map.pdf is a good source - I suppose we can use that to define what is in Pico Union and what is near Pico Union. BTW, I was looking for something like this map - A Wikipedia list of neighborhoods couldn't be used to necessarily "cite" anything since Wikipedia cannot use itself as a source; but this Pico Union map here is great. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 01:29, 21 September 2008 (UTC)

* See also [[Harvard Heights, Los Angeles, California]], which defines the relations to Koreatown, Pico-Union, West Adams, and Arlington Heights. West Adams Prep. High School is located just on the south side of Washington Blvd. of Harvard Heights south boundary and which places it into [[West Adams, Los Angeles, California|West Adams]]. The city planning community map is the official "cite" and LA Almanac maps are not bad, but have errors as pointed out. [[User:Ucla90024|Ucla90024]] ([[User talk:Ucla90024#top|talk]]) 01:42, 21 September 2008 (UTC)
* I think it depends on what the kids choose, as Belmont, Contreras, and the Belmont LC all share an attendance zone. There are a bunch of smaller schools that also share Belmont's zone. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 01:54, 21 September 2008 (UTC)
* Then Contreras should be added to your list. [[User:Ucla90024|Ucla90024]] ([[User talk:Ucla90024#top|talk]]) 01:57, 21 September 2008 (UTC)

:You might be interested in the current LA Times Mapping Project [http://projects.latimes.com/mapping-la/neighborhoods/] if you haven't come across it yet. It's not perfect, but it's the best effort I'm aware of. [[User:G Sisson|G Sisson]] ([[User talk:G Sisson|talk]]) 00:54, 10 June 2009 (UTC)

===Westlake===

I'm not convinced that Pico-Union is a subdivision of Westlake... the PU neighborhood council map that you link to above seems to put them at the same level, as separate districts, no? I live in Westlake, and never imagined it stretching below Olympic – [[User:Cacahuate|cacahuate]] [[User talk:Cacahuate|talk]] 02:20, 21 September 2008 (UTC)

: But if you look at the Westlake plan map [http://cityplanning.lacity.org/complan/central/pdf/genlumap.wlk.pdf], you see the same area on both maps [http://www.crala.net/internet-site/Projects/Pico_Union_1/upload/2008PicoUnion1and2Map.pdf]. And the PU Neighborhood Council Map [http://cityplanning.lacity.org/complan/cnc/citywd_nc/pdf/picounion_nc.pdf] shows the three communities (blue dotted lines) -- Wilshire, South Los Angeles, and Westlake (Pico-Union district not even mentioned). I was vice-chair of the advisory committee and we went through all that and still has the fancy scroll of Pico-Union Committee on my wall. [[User:Ucla90024|Ucla90024]] ([[User talk:Ucla90024#top|talk]]) 02:35, 21 September 2008 (UTC)

::Well then, I stand corrected. Welcome to my neighborhood – [[User:Cacahuate|cacahuate]] [[User talk:Cacahuate|talk]] 02:55, 21 September 2008 (UTC)

* I must say different people use different name for different area of Pico-Union and Westlake. Media have use Pico-Union incorrectly for years, stretching them all over the place when reporting incidents. Like I said, why Temple-Beaudry listed under Pico-Union and [[Byzantine-Latino Quarter]] in Echo Park-Westlake on the [[List of districts and neighborhoods of Los Angeles]]? I have tried to correct LA Times and others, but reporters said people called themselves Pico-Union. Pico-Union is third worst area in LA, and why would anybody want to be associated with it? The late LA Times columnist [[Jack Smith (columnist)]] and another columnist hated it when Westlake park was changed to MacArthur park. They campaigned to have it changed back. BTW there's a movement to bring back Westlake Theater. [[User:Ucla90024|Ucla90024]] ([[User talk:Ucla90024#top|talk]]) 03:12, 21 September 2008 (UTC)

::Oooh, tell me where and when, I'd love to see the theater revived... people can buy their discount socks elsewhere! – [[User:Cacahuate|cacahuate]] [[User talk:Cacahuate|talk]] 04:28, 21 September 2008 (UTC)

==Images==
The image guidelines/policies on dead people is that one may use a fair use image of the person as long as there is no free alternative. If you have photographs of the subject, think about if the photographs represent the popular depiction of the subject. If it seems that your photos would portray the subject as he would be known throughout the US, then the guidelines would prefer your photos instead of the FU photos. However I am not the most experienced on photo policies, so please see [[Wikipedia:Non-free content]], [[Wikipedia:Non-free_content#Policy]], and the associated talk pages if you have any further questions.
As for --Then you wanted "This section does not cite any references or sources." for list of alumni. That would be hard to do with a long list. I have a list from the LAUSD and have verified with some high schools-- If there's a list from LAUSD then it should be easy to reference most of them - Just repeat the same reference over and over for those that the list covers. See what I did at [[Lamar High School (Houston)]] [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 19:13, 22 September 2008 (UTC)
* Thank you very much for the photos :) [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 11:09, 23 September 2008 (UTC)

== [[:Template:User BRUIN ALUM]] ==

On the [[Talk:University of California, Los Angeles#userbox|UCLA talk page]] you mentioned that you preferred the previous color scheme of this template. I can't say I disagree with you. The [http://www.identity.ucla.edu/graphicstandards/UCLAStandardsManual0904.pdf graphics standards] document offered the official color choices, so I tried them. I'll be curious to see whether there is consensus to observe the standard or revert these colors. Thanks for your input. [[User:Newportm|Newportm]] ([[User talk:Newportm|talk]]) 17:23, 23 September 2008 (UTC)

:You mentioned {{quotation|True, that's the official university color. The athletic department use their own True Blue color of blue. They have used different shades of blue and called different names. The current color of blue polo shirts by Adidas is best. Ucla90024 (talk) 17:48, 23 September 2008 (UTC) Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Newportm"}}
:If you prefer the "Bear Wear" color scheme, and wish to add a UCLA userbox to your [[User:Ucla90024|user page]], you might like [[:Template:User bruin]]. [[User:Newportm|Newportm]] ([[User talk:Newportm|talk]]) 02:57, 25 September 2008 (UTC)

== Overland Avenue School ==
The school seems to be in the Palms/Century City/West Los Angeles area. I'm not sure what boundaries would put it in exactly what community, but the school seems to be in one of the three communities. I think it is most likely in "West Los Angeles" - I wonder if the LA Times did a report on West LA; if so it could mention what schools that are considered to serve West LA. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 11:12, 24 September 2008 (UTC)
:Overland Avenue School is in [[Rancho Park, Los Angeles, California]], which in turn lies within [[West Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California]], which is inside the [[Westside (Los Angeles County)]]. Clear as a bell, right? Sincerely, [[User:GeorgeLouis|GeorgeLouis]] ([[User talk:GeorgeLouis|talk]]) 22:35, 17 October 2008 (UTC)
*If you say so. I pass there all the time going to UCLA. Some of the boundaries of the communities are not well defined. [[User:Ucla90024|Ucla90024]] ([[User talk:Ucla90024#top|talk]]) 05:24, 18 October 2008 (UTC)

== Alumni list ==
The reason why I did blanket removals like that is because of [[WP:BLP]] (I know not everyone on the list is alive, but some people are) and [[WP:V]] - Our criterion for inclusion is ''verifiability'', not ''truth'' - i.e. we have to be able to verify that such is the case. Anyhow, if there is a list of notable LAUSD alumni, please campaign to make it public so we can reference it. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 13:21, 27 September 2008 (UTC)
==WP OWN and edit warring==
You seem to suffer from [[Wikipedia:Ownership of articles|WP:OWN]] on [[Tournament of Roses Parade]]. Your edits to the article today have not been productive. If you'd like to take it to the talk page to discuss them, fine. Your two edits [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tournament_of_Roses_Parade&diff=243470879&oldid=243459832 here] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tournament_of_Roses_Parade&diff=243482016&oldid=243481075 here] show that you are now edit warring by making simple reversions. Let this note serve as you [[Wikipedia:Three-revert rule|3RR warning]]. [[User:Newport Backbay|Newport Backbay]] ([[User talk:Newport Backbay|talk]]) 18:46, 6 October 2008 (UTC)

== a suggestion ==

You may not want to remove editor's comments on their own talk page as you did [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Newport_Backbay&curid=18477880&diff=243494277&oldid=243485930 here].--[[User:Rockfang|Rockfang]] ([[User talk:Rockfang|talk]]) 20:28, 6 October 2008 (UTC)

== UCLA player/coach pictures ==

Hi, we both seem to cross paths with our interests in LA football and our associated schools. I saw your note that you saw Norm Chow --I assume you're sometimes on the UCLA campus. Have you considered visiting a practice to get key player/coach photos? I've done it once for a USC practice and covered nearly all the key people on the roster --just by politely asking to take their photo (I really only had one shot since I live in MN but was in town that day). Since I know you're into these topics, I thought I'd throw the idea out there. All the best. --[[User:Bobak|Bobak]] ([[User talk:Bobak|talk]]) 14:59, 10 October 2008 (UTC)

:The key to having pictures stay on Wikipedia or Commons is using the proper licensing (i.e. GNU or CC). If you want a template for photos that you've taken, feel free to use one of mine, like [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:102207-GlenMason.jpg this one], as the basis. If you don't put all the information at the bottom you can quickly get the wrong attention because there are bots and programs that allow reviewers to quickly find images with incomplete licensing information. It doesn't take long to become old hat. All of my photos have been with a simple point-and-shoot, of course that often means I have to get pretty close (and at that point I end up asking for permission --which I've never had anyone deny as long as I smile and ask politely). --[[User:Bobak|Bobak]] ([[User talk:Bobak|talk]]) 18:04, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

== Photo uploading ==
Hi, UCLA! I'll check out the deletion. If pictures are proven to be copyrighted, they can be deleted. But if your picture was not copyrighted and it was made by you it should not have been deleted. I'll check it out :) [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 01:07, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
*I'll check out the commons to see if he stated why he deleted it... [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 01:14, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
*The three images that were deleted were listed at [[:commons:User_talk:Ucla90024]] - Let's see what the deletion requests say... the pages should explain why the request was made. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 01:15, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
If you want to, please talk to [[:commons:User_talk:BrokenSphere]] on the commons: he has a talk page and he can say more. I cannot look at the image as I am not an admin on the commons. However, I understand that if you take a photo of a statue solely showing the statue or a photo of a work of art solely showing the work, you cannot claim public domain if the work of art is copyrighted. However you should be fine uploading school photos. School photos can be claimed as PD. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 01:20, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

Regarding the Rose Bowl, the photos themselves weren't deleted. This is a [[Wikipedia:Content dispute]] over which images to include in a particular article. I would either talk on the other guy's talk page and/or on the talk page and ask why. Anyway, this should not affect uploading of school images. Please upload the school images and put them in their articles. I'll look at the parade article. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 01:25, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
* Please check the talk page. :) [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 01:28, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

Thank you for the new photos! :) BTW have you tried to get LAUSD to publish its alumni list on the web or in a publication? I would love to see the list, and it would really help as per [[WP:V]] things need to be verifiable. Therefore having LAUSD publish its list would make longer alumni lists possible. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 18:36, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

The reason I asked is because the [[Houston ISD]] published a list of notable alumni on the internet - See http://www.houstonisd.org/HISDConnectDS/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=c3783acb02efc010VgnVCM10000052147fa6RCRD and click on "Distinguished HISD Alumni" - I was meaning that LAUSD could do something like this and list them by high school. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 18:48, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
* Thanks for the additional pictures :) [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 20:29, 17 October 2008 (UTC)
** I'll start an article about him later today :) [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 17:07, 28 October 2008 (UTC)
*** I'll write more as I read sources. A stub is a good start, but it will grow - think of it as an acorn planted. :) [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 20:10, 28 October 2008 (UTC)
**** I added some sources to back up what you posted. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 08:50, 29 October 2008 (UTC)
***** Sounds like it will be a great photo :) [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 00:54, 30 October 2008 (UTC)

==Jim Jones==
I'll have to see if it was - If an address matches, then that would be interesting - If one is in Pico, I wonder what it is being used as now... [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 20:30, 13 November 2008 (UTC)

==Loyola HS==
I agree - I also think the list should be merged. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 03:44, 15 November 2008 (UTC)

==Rose Bowl==
Sorry for reverting your edits on the Rose Bowl pages. The more I thought about it, I like the edits. Just don't change the name of the pages, that's how the games are refered to and known by many, as the "XXXX Rose Bowl" (XXXX=year). [[User:Bcspro|Bcspro]] ([[User talk:Bcspro|talk]]) 13:26, 25 November 2008 (UTC)

I still don't understand yor reasoning behind it. How am I changing the name of the Tournament of Roses? How is "2009 Rose Bowl" your name? And how does reverting the edits not make me "BCS pro?" [[User:Bcspro|Bcspro]] ([[User talk:Bcspro|talk]])

You can contact me on my talk page, but what for? [[User:Bcspro|Bcspro]] ([[User talk:Bcspro|talk]]) 18:54, 26 November 2008 (UTC)

:It looks odd to me having the Longhorn logo over the Trojans name, same thing for the USC logo. Nothing against it otherwise. [[User:Bcspro|Bcspro]] ([[User talk:Bcspro|talk]]) 03:25, 11 December 2008 (UTC)

===Articles and Names of the games===
Thanks for the encouragement on the Rose Bowl articles. There is a lot of cleanup I could do, I just got into a very time-consuming project and my free time went out the window. There are some new stub Rose Bowl articles I would like to tackle. Regarding the naming, if you have not already, you could take up that question on the [[Wikipedia:WikiProject College football]] discussion. I have tried to include ''ordinal Rose Bowl'' in all the articles. I suspect there is a reason that that there is a consensus on ''YYYY Named Bowl''. My guess is that it makes them easy to classify and compare: using [[2008 Rose Bowl]] and [[2008 Orange Bowl]] would make it apparent to the reader that they occurred in the same season without having to look at the articles if they were 94th Rose Bowl and 74th Orange Bowl respectivly. There might be some style changes that could improve the articles that could come out of such a discussion. Thanks, [[User:Group29|Group29]] ([[User talk:Group29|talk]]) 13:49, 29 November 2008 (UTC)
:P.S. It does say 2009 Rose Bowl in the Official Tour paragraph on the tournament site.[http://tournamentofroses.com/rosebowlgame/] [[User:Group29|Group29]] ([[User talk:Group29|talk]]) 13:49, 29 November 2008 (UTC)
::As per the [[2009 Rose Bowl]], it has been confirmed that Penn State will be playing in The Granddaddy of 'Em All, so I suggest that it be left alone. The team was formally invited following their 49-18 win over Michigan State on November 22. After December 6, the Pac-10 team will be put in place. [[User:NoseNuggets|NoseNuggets]] ([[User talk:NoseNuggets|talk]]) 5:58 PM US EST Dec 2 2008.
* Not true. No invitation issued. [[User:Ucla90024|Ucla90024]] ([[User talk:Ucla90024#top|talk]]) 23:54, 2 December 2008 (UTC)
:Perhaps you should check [[NCAA Football Bowl Games 2008-09]] as Yahoo! had a story citing the ToR indeed have a representative there following the game officially extending the invitation. [[User:NoseNuggets|NoseNuggets]] ([[User talk:NoseNuggets|talk]]) 9:29 AM US EST Dec 3 2008
** As per 2010, from what I have been told, they will do the same things for the BCS Title Game as they usually do with the Rose Bowl. So much so, they will not only have the two bands from the Rose Bowl Game in the 2010 Tournament of Roses Parade, but also the two bands from the schools that will play in the BCS Game as well, and Disneyland has also planned to extend their annoual Christmas Displays an extra week to accomadate fans from the two schools. Another Lawry's Beef Bowl and another Disneyland presser are indeed planned, and they will occur on Janaury 4 and 5 respectively. [[User:NoseNuggets|NoseNuggets]] ([[User talk:NoseNuggets|talk]]) 1:03 PM US EST Jan 11 2009.

Can you explain why you keep deleting the comprehensive total of Pac-12 vs. Big Ten games (Pac-12 leading 34-30) and only allow there to be a total between 1946 and 1997? It doesn't seem right to only have a total during a certain portion while Big Ten and Pac-12 teams played before as well as continue to play to this day. As far as Penn St. playing USC in the 1923 game it should count as teams bring their records with them when they join a conference. [[User:Kevallen|Kevallen]] ([[User talk:Kevallen|talk]]) 05:33, 5 January 2012 (UTC)

== ucla ==

why do you keep deleting my changes to the establishment of ucla? i have researched the topic at great length and it seems pretty clear that 1881, is the correct date, given that the state normal school was changed to the southern branch of the UC. please compare this history of Ariz State, SDSU, SJSU, SFSU and chico state, and you will see they are all former normal schools and trace their establishment to the creation of the normal school. same thing should be true with ucla. also, take a look at the history of the outlook, the forerunner of the daily bruin; and the history of the ucla's graduate school of education - both trace their roots to the los angeles state normal school

regards,anderskw [[User:Anderskw|Anderskw]] ([[User talk:Anderskw|talk]]) 00:23, 27 November 2008 (UTC)

== USC-UCLA photos ==

Yeah, I think I was able to get some good photos. I lucked out and was able to be in LA for the game (I live in Minnesota). I haven't looked through them yet, but I think I was able to get a good photo of the blue/red players and fans. --[[User:Bobak|Bobak]] ([[User talk:Bobak|talk]]) 16:38, 8 December 2008 (UTC)
:I was a bit low, row 3, which made the closer photos more difficult (ironically) because of how many people were standing on the sideline. Traveler has traditionally visited the UCLA game, it dates to the co-habitation of the Coliseum (back before the Raiders had the track removed, it would gallop around). It'll probably show up for the RB game too. --[[User:Bobak|Bobak]] ([[User talk:Bobak|talk]]) 16:56, 8 December 2008 (UTC)
::I took a look at what I had this evening, these two stuck out: [[:Image:2008-1206-USC-UCLA-007-RB-redblue1.JPG]] and [[:Image:2008-1206-USC-UCLA-009-RB-redblue.JPG]]. --[[User:Bobak|Bobak]] ([[User talk:Bobak|talk]]) 00:44, 9 December 2008 (UTC)

==Studio City and Rampart==
1. The Rampart Police Station would be a great photo, especially for Pico-Union
2. I am aware that NH and SC are within LA; the Studio City Neighborhood Council does have a boundary for Studio City. I use this boundary to indicate if something is "in" Studio City - if there is a different map I would be more than happy to use that one. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 00:32, 14 December 2008 (UTC)

==See if you can get 2045 Sawtelle Blvd. - Saudi consulate in Los Angeles==
Hey Ucla! It would be great if you could get 2045 Sawtelle Blvd. - it's the Saudi consulate in Los Angeles (See http://www.saudiembassy.net/Embassy/Ministry.asp ) [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 18:36, 22 December 2008 (UTC)
* It may not be, but I would still love to have a photo of it as long as the entire building is the Saudi consulate. If you have a photo taken, please upload it :) [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 22:29, 23 December 2008 (UTC)
** Why not get one with a demonstration and one without? One with a demonstration could be helpful illustrating an article about a political controversy involving Saudi Arabia - and one without would be great in the [[Diplomatic missions of Saudi Arabia]] article - Anyway, thank you very much for the photos you took :) [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 05:17, 5 January 2009 (UTC)
*** Thank you very much! :) - I added the demo photo to the diplomatic mission pages too, but it would be great if you could get a photo of the consulate without demonstrators - kind of like what I have at [[Consulate-General of Indonesia in Houston]] - Thank you :) [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 05:54, 5 January 2009 (UTC)

== Rose Bowl Aquatics Center ==

* Great job, well done and a Happy Christmas from across the pond.[[User:Paste|Paste]] [[User talk:Paste|Talk]] 16:46, 23 December 2008 (UTC)

==Camino Nuevo==
I just moved it - generally non-controversial moves can be done without discussion. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 23:48, 24 December 2008 (UTC)

==AfD nomination of Dentler Erdmann==
[[Image:Ambox warning pn.svg|48px|left]]An article that you have been involved in editing, [[Dentler Erdmann]], has been listed for [[Wikipedia:Deletion policy|deletion]]. If you are interested in the deletion discussion, please participate by adding your comments at [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Dentler Erdmann]]. Thank you. [[User:Schuym1|Schuym1 ]]([[User talk:Schuym1|talk]]) 12:59, 2 January 2009 (UTC)

== Talkback ==

{{tb|Jake Wartenberg|Mildred E. Mathias Botanical Garden}}

== [[Tournament of Roses Parade]] ==

Why did you undo [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tournament_of_Roses_Parade&diff=264526187&oldid=264367555 this edit]? [[Help:Section#Floating the TOC]] indicates when a floating TOC is desirable, and this is not one of those cases. If there is no better rationale I'll remove this again. Please use descriptive edit summaries when reverting other users unless the edit is clearly vandalism in future. [[user:thumperward|Chris Cunningham (not at work)]] - [[user talk:thumperward|talk]] 14:35, 17 January 2009 (UTC)

== Orange Bowl TV ratings ==

Thanks for trying to update the TV ratings. I looked it up, and the 5.4 rating was for "major media markets" only, according to Nielsen. That kinda makes sense, since neither Cincinnati or Virginia Tech are in any of those major markets. Nationally, though, the game got a rating of 8.12. That was revised upward from an initial overnight rating of 6.1 (overnight meaning a quick calculation given the next day). If you think it's worthwhile, I can put the 5.4 figure in the section where ratings are discussed, but it might prove to be a bit too confusing for readers. What do you think? [[User:JKBrooks85|JKBrooks85]] ([[User talk:JKBrooks85|talk]]) 22:58, 21 January 2009 (UTC)
:The sources are the two ones I listed: From the NewsBank newspaper archive, one from the Los Angeles Times and the other from the Alameda Times-Star. I've also got this link from [http://www.rockymountainnews.com/news/2009/jan/11/saunders-vitale-can-be-liability-with-capital-l/ the Rocky Mountain News], which I haven't added yet. I did manage to dig up the [http://theoaklandpress.com/articles/2009/01/07/entertainment/doc49652656d064f806046164.txt Associated Press ratings report], which jives with what I've got. It reports 9.32 million viewers, and since a ratings point is 1.145 million, that's where I get the 8.12 from. [[User:JKBrooks85|JKBrooks85]] ([[User talk:JKBrooks85|talk]]) 00:08, 22 January 2009 (UTC)
::Where does the 1.7 multiplier come from? That's the main thing I'm uncertain about. [[User:JKBrooks85|JKBrooks85]] ([[User talk:JKBrooks85|talk]]) 00:31, 22 January 2009 (UTC)
:::That's the thing ... those articles say that a rating point is 1.145 million viewers, not 1.7 million. ... This would be a lot easier if Fox would update their damn BCS football ratings page. [[User:JKBrooks85|JKBrooks85]] ([[User talk:JKBrooks85|talk]]) 00:43, 22 January 2009 (UTC)
Looks as if you were right. Sorry for being such a pain in the ass about this, and thanks for sticking with it and making me see the mistake. [[User:JKBrooks85|JKBrooks85]] ([[User talk:JKBrooks85|talk]]) 10:46, 7 February 2009 (UTC)

==Photos==
Thanks for the great photos :) [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 08:00, 25 January 2009 (UTC)
* That is excellent! Thank you very much! [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 16:53, 28 January 2009 (UTC)

== AfD nomination of Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science (disambiguation) ==

<s>[[Image:Information.svg|25px]] Welcome to Wikipedia. Please do not remove [[Template:Afd|Articles for deletion notices]] from articles, or remove other people's comments in [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion|Articles for deletion debates]]{{#if:Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science (disambiguation)|, as you did with [[:Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science (disambiguation)]]}}. Otherwise, it may be difficult to create [[Wikipedia:Consensus|consensus]]. If you oppose the deletion of an article, please [[Wikipedia:Guide to deletion|comment]] at the respective page instead. {{#if:If you believe the best course of action would be to move the page, please add a comment attesting to that on the AfD discussion page. |If you believe the best course of action would be to move the page, please add a comment attesting to that on the AfD discussion page. |Thank you.}}[[User:Kuyabribri|KuyaBriBri]][[User_Talk:Kuyabribri|Talk]] 21:35, 9 February 2009 (UTC)
</s>

:You replaced the AfD template as I was leaving this message. I have, however, undone the move. If you believe that moving is the appropriate course of action, please indicate that in the AfD discussion. [[User:Kuyabribri|KuyaBriBri]][[User_Talk:Kuyabribri|Talk]] 21:40, 9 February 2009 (UTC)

== Redundant pic ==

Why should a pic, which is of L.A. city only be in the county's article? It '''does not''' emcompass the county as a whole, onlt yhe city, thus should not belong. --[[User:Moreau36|Moreau36]] ([[User talk:Moreau36|talk]]) 16:40, 10 February 2009 (UTC)

==Your edit==
Do you have a source for this [[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gary_Locke&diff=273282161&oldid=273271839]] or is this something that just sounded right to you? --Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/72.193.240.57|72.193.240.57]] ([[User talk:72.193.240.57|talk]]) 22:31, 25 February 2009 (UTC) 

== I'm sorry? ==
I don't understand what you mean. [[User:Therequiembellishere|Therequiembellishere]] ([[User talk:Therequiembellishere|talk]]) 19:42, 26 February 2009 (UTC)

== Fixing the LA County Seal ==

Just a quick note to let you know that the info removed by OrphanBot was referring to the source info being missing from the ''graphic'' page, and it's NFU media rationale, and not source citations on each instance. What it was, was that when the image was uploaded, no source info was included in the description. I've repaired that for all three instances where it's referenced, but OrphanBot already had it queued for deletion, I guess. Between the two of us though, things are back to copasetic, and all is right in the world of Wiki again. Thanks for being vigilant! :-) [[User:Edit Centric|Edit Centric]] ([[User talk:Edit Centric|talk]]) 18:29, 3 March 2009 (UTC)

== [[Russell Westbrook]] ==

Hello, have you noticed the effects of [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Russell_Westbrook&diff=276287215&oldid=276210289 this revert] on his infobox? --[[User:LOL|LOL]] [[User talk:LOL|T]]/[[Special:Contributions/LOL|C]] 21:31, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

==Street blockage==
Yeah, I hate it when events block streets. It's hard to go around them and also I have to be extra-vigilant. Anyway, thanks for finding the source :) [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 22:47, 23 March 2009 (UTC)

== 2008-09 Pacific-10 Conference men's basketball season ==

Based on your hard work on the [[2009 Pacific-10 Conference Men's Basketball Tournament]] and [[2008-09 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team]], I thought you might be interested in creating an article for the [[2008-09 Pacific-10 Conference men's basketball season]]. The [[2008-09 Big Ten Conference men's basketball season]] and [[2008-09 Atlantic Coast Conference men's basketball season]] articles have been going since before the conference tournaments and recently [[2008-09 Big East Conference men's basketball season]] and [[2008-09 Big 12 Conference men's basketball season]] have recently been created. I hope to encourage all the power conferences to create such articles this year or at least by next year. In fact, next year I hope to get all the mid majors in on the action too. I do the [[2008-09 Michigan Wolverines men's basketball team]] and the [[2008-09 Big Ten Conference men's basketball season]] and am willing to respond to any queries.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|t]]/[[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|c]]/[[User:TonyTheTiger/Antonio Vernon|bio]]/[[WP:CHICAGO]]/[[WP:LOTM]]) 08:44, 31 March 2009 (UTC)
:I guess it will take a few years. You might consider just making a basic page with a rankings summary, infobox and standings template. That is all the Big Ten page was for several weeks.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|t]]/[[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|c]]/[[User:TonyTheTiger/Antonio Vernon|bio]]/[[WP:CHICAGO]]/[[WP:LOTM]]) 17:35, 31 March 2009 (UTC)
::I see I got you motivated to create something at least. I noticed that your conference still uses the old school standings template. You might want to reformat like the Big Ten's so you can link your new page to the top of the standings template.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|t]]/[[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|c]]/[[User:TonyTheTiger/Antonio Vernon|bio]]/[[WP:CHICAGO]]/[[WP:LOTM]]) 18:03, 31 March 2009 (UTC)
:::Convention is to refer to the AP Poll in College Basketball articles. I see you discussed the coaches poll in the Lead.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|t]]/[[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|c]]/[[User:TonyTheTiger/Antonio Vernon|bio]]/[[WP:CHICAGO]]/[[WP:LOTM]]) 20:23, 31 March 2009 (UTC)
::::Most conference standings templates use the AP Poll.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|t]]/[[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|c]]/[[User:TonyTheTiger/Antonio Vernon|bio]]/[[WP:CHICAGO]]/[[WP:LOTM]]) 20:32, 31 March 2009 (UTC)
:::::I fixed your conference standings template so it links to your new page from the other articles it is included in. If you use this format you don't have to manually calculate winning percentage.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|t]]/[[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|c]]/[[User:TonyTheTiger/Antonio Vernon|bio]]/[[WP:CHICAGO]]/[[WP:LOTM]]) 00:04, 1 April 2009 (UTC)

== All-American honorable mention ==

I have only been able to find the honorable mentions for one of the recognized All-American lists. Drop me a note if you stumble across any of the others.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|t]]/[[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|c]]/[[User:TonyTheTiger/Antonio Vernon|bio]]/[[WP:CHICAGO]]/[[WP:LOTM]]) 14:02, 1 April 2009 (UTC)

== Ohio State contract ==

It sounds like it probably includes almost everything but football and basketball since it excluded Big Ten Network games.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|t]]/[[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|c]]/[[User:TonyTheTiger/Antonio Vernon|bio]]/[[WP:CHICAGO]]/[[WP:LOTM]]) 21:10, 2 April 2009 (UTC)

== KCA ==

Forgive me for my last comment. I meant to politely ask you to change it back, because if Kids Choice Awards began in 1987, every single show, including the 1987 one counts, no ifs, ands or buts. Please respond when you can, and I apologize for any inconvenience given to you from the previous request. Bob.--[[Special:Contributions/99.141.132.127|99.141.132.127]] ([[User talk:99.141.132.127|talk]]) 23:56, 5 April 2009 (UTC)

== Phil Spector ==

Hi, re this edit [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phil_Spector&diff=283655695&oldid=283655398] you keep making, please include a source to avoid having it undone. Thanks. [[User:TJRC|TJRC]] ([[User talk:TJRC|talk]]) 22:03, 13 April 2009 (UTC)

:[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phil_Spector&diff=283656968&oldid=283656543 Much better]. Good job, thanks. BTW, citing to the radio broadcast would have been good enough, too, pending it showing up in a news story. It's just that there's so much vandalism in this article, some of have hair-triggers on unsourced additions. 22:12, 13 April 2009 (UTC)

==County Arboretum==
Do you have a photo of the main entrance with a sign identifying the arboretum? IMO that should be the first image in the article. Additionally you can make a category about the Arboretum over at the commons and put the rest of your photos in there. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 04:50, 16 April 2009 (UTC)

==AfD nomination of California College of Music==
<div class="floatleft" style="margin-bottom:0">[[File:Ambox warning pn.svg|42px]]</div>An article that you have been involved in editing, [[California College of Music]], has been listed for [[Wikipedia:Deletion policy|deletion]]. If you are interested in the deletion discussion, please participate by adding your comments at [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/{{str trim|California College of Music}}]]. Thank you.{{-}}Please contact me if you're unsure why you received this message. [[user:j|  user:j  ]][[user talk:j|  (aka justen)  ]] 18:15, 18 April 2009 (UTC)

== Comics==
I am into several kinds of comic books. I have never heard of those particular individuals and things before, though. If you want I could look them up :) [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 05:57, 2 May 2009 (UTC)

== Ron Bochtan ==

As you can see, the [[Jack Kemp]] article is very diligently sourced. The fact that you added needs a proper citation. Could you please help us find one and remove the citation needed tag.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|t]]/[[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|c]]/[[User:TonyTheTiger/Antonio Vernon|bio]]/[[WP:CHICAGO]]/[[WP:LOTM]]) 15:06, 3 May 2009 (UTC)
:Someone has found [[WP:RS]]. Thanks for providing the content.--[[User:TonyTheTiger|TonyTheTiger]] ([[User talk:TonyTheTiger|t]]/[[Special:Contributions/TonyTheTiger|c]]/[[User:TonyTheTiger/Antonio Vernon|bio]]/[[WP:CHICAGO]]/[[WP:LOTM]]) 17:59, 3 May 2009 (UTC)

==Cathedral HS==
Huh, I thought it would have appeared to look like a Cathedral. I guess names can be deceiving. Keep up the good work! [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 14:02, 7 May 2009 (UTC)

==New HS==
It's interesting, because we have a high school called the [[High School of Performing and Visual Arts]] [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 17:50, 18 May 2009 (UTC)

== May 2009 ==

[[Image:Information.svg|25px]] Thank you for your contributions to Wikipedia. When using certain templates on talk pages{{#if:|, as you did to [[:{{{1}}}]]}}, don't forget to [[Wikipedia:Template substitution|substitute with text]] by adding '''subst:''' to the template tag. For example, use {{subst:uw-test1}} instead of {{uw-test1}}. This reduces server load and prevents accidental blanking of the template. {{#if:|{{{2}}}|Thank you.}}  [[User:Logan|Logan]] | [[User_talk:Logan|Talk]] 17:55, 22 May 2009 (UTC)

== 2009 Orange Bowl ==

Just wanted to let you know that I'm preparing the [[2009 Orange Bowl]] article for an FAC run. Since you were such a huge help with the TV ratings issue, I wanted to give you a heads-up and see if you had any comments or critiques for the article. I've got an FAC already working its way through the process, so there's a bit of time before I submit it, but I'd appreciate any comments you've got. [[User:JKBrooks85|JKBrooks85]] ([[User talk:JKBrooks85|talk]]) 06:56, 25 May 2009 (UTC)

==Pico Union==
That is so cool! If Pico-Union is well-researched it could be a good article or even a featured article! [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 02:29, 31 May 2009 (UTC)

==Pasadena Neighborhoods==

You suggested that several Pasadena neighborhood articles be merged with the [[Pasadena, California]] article. I've responded [[Talk:Pasadena,_California|here]] and [[Talk:Bungalow_Heaven,_Pasadena,_California|here]]. Let me know what you think! [[User:G Sisson|G Sisson]] ([[User talk:G Sisson|talk]]) 00:42, 10 June 2009 (UTC)

* Hello? Going, going . . . [[User:G Sisson|G Sisson]] ([[User talk:G Sisson|talk]]) 00:35, 22 June 2009 (UTC)

==Mayor V==
Here is [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antonio_Villaraigosa&diff=298395917&oldid=298394324 what I wrote for Mayor V]. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 18:01, 24 June 2009 (UTC)
* If I could find another source on Mayor V's program there could be additional explanation. As for the bill section of LAUSD, I think it would be best if the section focuses exclusively on the bill. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 19:04, 26 June 2009 (UTC)

==Castle==
If you have a clear shot of the castle through the gate, do you have a zoom lens? See if you can stick the lens through the gate while making the shot.

As for the castle itself, if sources are found it would be a great section for the Alhambra, CA article [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 16:30, 4 July 2009 (UTC)
Hmm... I wonder if there are alternate vantage points (a higher building fro, which you could see the castle from up high) - There could also be something on Flickr. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 22:05, 4 July 2009 (UTC)
Does the county allow the public to go to the top floor of the public works building? If it is likely that Phil Spector's castle could be seen from that point, you could try that. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 17:38, 5 July 2009 (UTC)
* Oh, if there is a distinctive sign at the gate, that would be a great photo [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 18:19, 8 July 2009 (UTC)
* Yeah, both the old and new signs would be great. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 18:30, 8 July 2009 (UTC)

==Protection==
Article name protection (to prevent moving) generally happens when there is an actual revert war over the title. If there is only a discussion with no reverting actually happening, then I do not need to protect the name of the article. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 23:29, 7 July 2009 (UTC)

==Request==
Hi. I’m looking to add free-licensed photographs to the articles of the various seasons of MTV’s ''[[The Real World]]''. Do you live in Los Angeles, and if so, would you be able to take some nice pics of the Los Angeles, Hollywood, and/or San Diego residences, and upload them [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:The_Real_World here] if I give you the locations? If not, do you know anyone who can? Thanks. [[User:Nightscream|Nightscream]] ([[User talk:Nightscream|talk]]) 04:00, 10 July 2009 (UTC)
:Okay. The Los Angeles residence is at 30 30th Avenue Venice Beach, CA 90291, and more info on it can be seen [http://www.realworldhouses.com/realworld2.html here]. The Hollywood residence is at 6121 W. Sunset Boulevard Los Angeles, CA 90028, and more info on it can be seen [http://www.realworldhouses.com/realworld20.html here]. As for Mike Kazaleh, yeah, he has an article with no picture, so feel free to upload it [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Comic_book_creators here], and then add the image to his article. I've added an infobox to his article to make it easier. Thanks again! [[User:Nightscream|Nightscream]] ([[User talk:Nightscream|talk]]) 12:43, 10 July 2009 (UTC)
::No, it isn't seven stories. That one in the Columbia Square article isn't Stage 20. You can see what Stage 20 looks like [http://www.realworldhouses.com/realworld20.html here]. I just need some public domain or free-licensed pics of it. [[User:Nightscream|Nightscream]] ([[User talk:Nightscream|talk]]) 18:25, 10 July 2009 (UTC)
:::What is? (I'm not following.) [[User:Nightscream|Nightscream]] ([[User talk:Nightscream|talk]]) 23:34, 10 July 2009 (UTC)

==Anime Expo==
I waited to see what the outcome was before putting input in. Anyway, it's okay if one or two images you uploaded to the Commons aren't included in the article itself. The Commons is intended to be the big image repository. On Wikipedia itself we are selective of images that we include in articles, but we can include more images on the Commons. I must also add that Canvassing is allowed (See [[Wikipedia:Canvassing]]) but try to make the messages neutral so that people can come up with their own responses to a particular issue. [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 03:07, 24 July 2009 (UTC)

== Wikiquette alert notice ==

Hello, {{BASEPAGENAME}}. This message is being sent to inform you that there currently is a discussion at [[Wikipedia:Wikiquette alerts]] regarding clarification of any possible connections you may have with {{userIP|206.170.111.187}}, who has repeatedly engaged in personal attacks against me over a period of month in relation to some edits at [[Talk:Anime Expo]]. {{#if:|The thread is [[{{{Wikipedia:Wikiquette alerts}}}#|{{{thread}}}]]. }}{{#if:|The discussion is about the topic [[:{{{1}}}]].}}  Thank you. —'''[[User:TheFarix|Farix]]''' ([[User talk:TheFarix|t]] | [[Special:Contributions/TheFarix|c]]) 03:33, 11 September 2009 (UTC)

== Interested in doing a 2009–10 Pac-10 men's basketball season page? ==

Hi - I noticed that you built the 2008-09 Pac-10 men's basketball season page and wondered if you would be interested in creating and ensuring upkeep of a [[2009–10 Pacific-10 Conference men's basketball season]] page? We are trying to get support to do full coverage of the 09-10 college basketball season with the hope that we can have season pages for all DI conferences. I started a signup page [[Wikipedia talk:WikiProject College Basketball|here]] to gain support & keep track of coverage - but want to give you right of first refusal for the Pac-10 if you want it. We'd love to have your help if you're willing. Message me with any questions - thanks! [[User:Rikster2|Rikster2]] ([[User talk:Rikster2|talk]]) 02:00, 8 October 2009 (UTC)

==Photo request: Former [[Continental Airlines]] headquarters at LAX==
The former [[Continental Airlines]] headquarters in Los Angeles Airport are at World Way West Road. See this map: http://www.bing.com/maps/default.aspx?v=2&FORM=LMLTCP&cp=pnq6xr53yfbw&style=b&lvl=2&tilt=-90&dir=0&alt=-1000&phx=0&phy=0&phscl=1&scene=31975229&encType=1 - Click "W" and you will see the side with the former Continental logo.

Would you be willing to photograph the building? Thanks [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 13:40, 9 February 2010 (UTC)

BTW, would you mind forgetting the whole [[Anime Expo]] thing? Your picture will be on the Commons, so please be satisfied with that. Both Farix and Collectonian have the interests of the project in their mind too, so please be civil with them. Please accept the outcome of the Anime Expo discussion and continue to contribute to the project (Taking pictures in West LA, etc) [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 10:55, 10 February 2010 (UTC)

* I have tons of pictures that can be posted. Too bad. We will be very selective. [[User:Ucla90024|Ucla90024]] ([[User talk:Ucla90024#top|talk]]) 15:58, 24 August 2010 (UTC)
** You are welcome to post excess photos on the Wikimedia Commons, it's that they will not necessarily be used on Wikipedia
** The only thing is that photos on the Wikimedia Commons must be of an "educational" purpose.
** [[User:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] ([[User talk:WhisperToMe|talk]]) 05:06, 6 October 2010 (UTC)

==Apology for reversion==
I apologize for [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USC_Trojans&diff=prev&oldid=374701707 reverting] one of your edits. I finally found where in the letter the information is located; I missed it the first couple of times I scanned the document. [[User:ElKevbo|ElKevbo]] ([[User talk:ElKevbo|talk]]) 18:53, 21 July 2010 (UTC)

== Favorites pref ==

Wanted to clarify about the whole debate between using the "-3" or "by 3" in the "favorites" line of the bowl entries. This was discussed, as you may be aware, at the College Football project talk page. No consensus was ever reached as to which was preferred, so the basic agreement was to leave them as is. Unfortunately, Bband11th continued to mass change the articles to his preference while X96lee simply reverted them to whatever they were originally (he prefers using the minus sign but has not mass changed articles to his preference). While this could simply be considered a "content issue" and edit warring, because many others have repeatedly pointed out the basic agreement to leave them as is and the repeated attempts (almost daily) to change it to "by" that could be considered vandalism simply because it is disruptive (and conversely, Bband11th has also used the "vandalism" label on his own edit summaries). In the end, though, the agreement to leave "as is" makes the most sense to me rather than this daily changing. Bband11th and you are certainly free to your own preferences, but there is no consensus for a mass change to one way or the other. The 2009 Little Caesars Pizza Bowl is the only such page on my watchlist. --[[User:JonRidinger|JonRidinger]] ([[User talk:JonRidinger|talk]]) 20:15, 9 August 2010 (UTC)

* When I created the [[2010 Rose Bowl]] article on January 7, 2009 , I researched the prior years' articles and the template, "by" was used. There's no justification to make any changes. [[User:Ucla90024|Ucla90024]] ([[User talk:Ucla90024#top|talk]]) 15:57, 24 August 2010 (UTC)

=="Other Asian country do practice"==

I was working today on the ''Talk'' section of the ''Bonsai'' article, addressing some of the elements that mark it as an article specifically about the Japanese practice and art form of growing small trees in pots. (Please see [[Talk:Bonsai#Propose_Merge_with_Penjing_articles|Propose merge with Penjing articles]] for the discussion.) The request in question was a proposal to merge ''Bonsai'' with ''Penjing'', an ancient Chinese art. The culture, history, and aesthetics of bonsai and penjing are (understandably) very different. The two articles have been crafted over the last couple of years to place the correct material in each of the primary articles, and in articles that support them. In short, the ''Bonsai'' article is about the Japanese practice of bonsai, the ''Penjing'' article is about the Chinese practice of penjing, and we're hoping to see a full-size article on the related Vietnamese practice of ''Hòn Non Bô'' at some time in the future. If there are other, similar practices from other cultures, we would also hope to see them described in appropriate articles as well.

You deleted the phrase "the Japanese tradition in" from the opening sentence:
'''{{Nihongo|{{Audio|Bonsai.ogg|Bonsai}}}} (盆栽 [[Japanese language|Japanese]])''' (lit. ''tray cultivation'') is the Japanese tradition
in the art of growing trees, or woody plants shaped as trees, in containers.
The equivalent sentence in the ''Penjing'' article is:
'''Penjing''' ({{zh|c=盆景|p=pén jǐng|l='''tray scenery'''}}), also known as '''penzai''' ({{zh|c=盆栽|p=pén zāi|l='''tray plant'''}}),
'''tray landscape''', '''potted scenery''', '''potted landscape''', and '''miniature trees and rockery''' is the ancient [[China|Chinese]] art of
growing [[tree]]s and plants, kept small by skilled [[pruning]] and formed to create an [[aesthetic]] shape and the complex illusion of age.
As you can see, the ''Penjing'' article uses the phrase "the ancient Chinese art" in the equivalent spot.

Your comment on the deletion was "Other Asian country do practice". I believe it is clear in these articles that there are other related arts, and that the ''Bonsai'' article's focus on the Japanese practice of bonsai does not imply that other Asian countries do not practice related arts. You may have noted that the ''Bonsai'' article contains a history of bonsai in Japan, that it uses the Japanese terms for bonsai styles and bonsai size categories, and that it summarizes and points to the article on Japanese ''Bonsai aesthetics''. Similarly, the ''Penjing'' article relates to the Chinese art. If your concern is that some of the material in the ''Bonsai'' article may apply to several forms of potted-plant cultivation, that question has been raised in [[Talk:Bonsai#Propose_Merge_with_Penjing_articles|Propose merge with Penjing articles]] and may lead to some modifications to the ''Bonsai'' and ''Penjing'' articles.

I believe the ''Bonsai'' article needs the same clarity about describing the Japanese tradition as the ''Penjing'' article has regarding the Chinese tradition. Would you consider allowing the phrase "the Japanese tradition in" to be put back in place in the ''Bonsai'' article?

[[User:Sahara110|Sahara110]] ([[User talk:Sahara110|talk]]) 04:35, 20 August 2010 (UTC)
==Orphaned non-free image File:Birmingham Bowl 2010.png==

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== [[The Amazing Race 17]] ==

I saw that you [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Amazing_Race_17&diff=402160375&oldid=402137250 edited] the finale episode's section to change 2009 to 2010. In the show, they very clearly state that it was the 2009 Rose Queen, and during the course of the show you very clearly see that it is [[:File:Courtney Lee.jpg|Ms. Courtney Lee]] who is giving the clue away and not [[:File:2010RoseParadeQueenNatalieInnocenzi.jpg|Ms. Natalie Innocenzi]].—[[User:Ryulong|Ryūlóng]] ([[User talk:Ryulong|竜龙]]) 19:35, 13 December 2010 (UTC)
*Thanks. Another editor had made the change already. We select the queen and court in Sept./Oct. for the upcoming New Year's Day parade. Just forgot the 2010 Rose Queen's name. BTW both "[[The Apprentice (U.S. season 10)|The Apprentice]]" and "Amazing Race" winners are [[UCLA Bruins]]. [[User:Ucla90024|Ucla90024]] ([[User talk:Ucla90024|talk]]) 19:58, 13 December 2010 (UTC)
**Well, I just wanted to notify you because I did not think the hidden note saying it was the 2009 Queen and not the 2010 Queen was important. By the way, if you could get a photo of the float that they were decorating in last night's show (it was identical to [[:File:Tournament of Roses Parade 2010 Float.jpg|the one I uploaded]], but it was of course decorated for the 2011 theme), it'd be better for the article.—[[User:Ryulong|Ryūlóng]] ([[User talk:Ryulong|竜龙]]) 20:03, 13 December 2010 (UTC)

==Orphaned non-free image File:GatorBowl 2011.jpg==
'''[[Image:Ambox warning blue.svg|35px|left|⚠]]''' Thanks for uploading '''[[:File:GatorBowl 2011.jpg]]'''. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a [[WP:FU|claim of fair use]]. However, the image is currently [[Wikipedia:Orphan|orphaned]], meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. [[WP:BOLD|You may add it back]] if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see [[Wikipedia:Non-free content#Policy|our policy for non-free media]]).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of "file" pages you have edited by clicking on the "[[Special:MyContributions|my contributions]]" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "File" from the dropdown box. Note that any non-free images not used in any '''articles''' will be deleted after seven days, as described on [[wikipedia:Criteria for speedy deletion#Images.2FMedia|criteria for speedy deletion]]. Thank you.  [[User:Courcelles|Courcelles]] 03:58, 19 December 2010 (UTC)

== JazzReggae Festival @ UCLA ==

Hi, I'm working on the JazzReggae Festival and am wondering if we can negotiate another image (other than the early morning picture) to place on the JazzReggae Festival at UCLA wiki. It would be in the best interest of the festival to only advertise images that would draw people to the event rather than become skeptical of it. We definitely appreciate your interest.

05:23, 26 January 2011 (UTC)John (Press Co-Director for JazzReggae Fest 2011) — Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Jbogaard1|Jbogaard1]] ([[User talk:Jbogaard1|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Jbogaard1|contribs]])  

* Wikipedia does not do "advertise". [[User:Ucla90024|Ucla90024]] ([[User talk:Ucla90024#top|talk]]) 01:05, 27 January 2011 (UTC)

== Orange Bowl logo ==

Just wanted to give you a heads up that I found an SVG version of the 2011 Orange Bowl logo, so I've uploaded that, replaced the links to the .JPG version you uploaded, and have nominated the JPG for deletion. [[User:JKBrooks85|JKBrooks85]] ([[User talk:JKBrooks85|talk]]) 02:10, 17 February 2011 (UTC)

==[[Wikipedia:Criteria for speedy deletion|Speedy deletion]] nomination of [[:File:Orange Bowl 2011.jpg]]==
[[Image:Ambox warning pn.svg|48px|left|alt=|link=]]

A tag has been placed on [[:File:Orange Bowl 2011.jpg]] requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under [[WP:CSD#F1|section F1 of the criteria for speedy deletion]], because the image is an unused redundant copy (all pixels the same or scaled down) of an image in the same file format, which is on Wikipedia (not on Commons), and all inward links have been updated.

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding {{tlc|hang on}} to '''the top of [[:File:Orange Bowl 2011.jpg|the page that has been nominated for deletion]]''' (just below the existing speedy deletion, or "db", tag; if no such tag exists, then the page is no longer a speedy delete candidate and adding a hang-on tag is unnecessary), coupled with adding a note on '''[[File talk:Orange Bowl 2011.jpg|the talk page]]''' explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for ''speedy'' deletion, if the page meets the criterion, it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the page that would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines.  [[User:JKBrooks85|JKBrooks85]] ([[User talk:JKBrooks85|talk]]) 02:10, 17 February 2011 (UTC)

== removing references from [[2011–12 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team]] and [[2010–11 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team]] ==

Hi Ucla90024. I noticed the references I added were removed by your edits at [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2011%E2%80%9312_UCLA_Bruins_men%27s_basketball_team&diff=426242038&oldid=426241676] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2010%E2%80%9311_UCLA_Bruins_men%27s_basketball_team&diff=426063721&oldid=426050774]. Perhaps it's just a difference in style. My intent was to add other references that could 1) give the reader more perspective if they wanted more background 2) allow myself or others to potentially expand the article with the additional information later 3) eventually be used for separate articles on Honeycutt and Lee.

I guess I didnt see an extra footnote or two as being too cluttered as in the extreme described in [[Wikipedia:Citation_overkill]]. Would like to hear your perspective, especially since I'm sure to run into you if I edit UCLA articles, which you have done a great job contributing. Thanks. —[[User:Bagumba|Bagumba]] ([[User talk:Bagumba|talk]]) 19:03, 27 April 2011 (UTC)

==Orphaned non-free image File:2012 MBB Final Four.jpeg==
'''[[Image:Ambox warning blue.svg|35px|left|⚠|link=]]''' Thanks for uploading '''[[:File:2012 MBB Final Four.jpeg]]'''. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a [[WP:FU|claim of fair use]]. However, the image is currently [[Wikipedia:Orphan|orphaned]], meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. [[WP:BOLD|You may add it back]] if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see [[Wikipedia:Non-free content#Policy|our policy for non-free media]]).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of "file" pages you have edited by clicking on the "[[Special:MyContributions|my contributions]]" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "File" from the dropdown box. Note that any non-free images not used in any '''articles''' will be deleted after seven days, as described in the [[wikipedia:Criteria for speedy deletion#Images.2FMedia|criteria for speedy deletion]]. Thank you.  [[User:Courcelles|Courcelles]] 05:41, 1 May 2011 (UTC)

== Little Italy, Los Angeles ==

Where is "Little Italy" in Los Angeles, then? The answer "yes" does not explain anything. As someone who has lived his entire life in LA, I would like to see a link to an article that shows a "Little Italy, Los Angeles," and represents a large population of Italian-Americans residing in the area. [[user:Scythian77|The Scythian]] 19:23, 6 May 2011 (UTC)
*There is now an ongoing discussion about this subject on the article's talk page. You really need to take part in that discussion, before adding your claim. In fact, the second source you added specifically states that there isn't a Little Italy in Los Angeles. [[user:Scythian77|The Scythian]] 04:37, 7 May 2011 (UTC)

== 2012 Rose Floats ==

Hi -- I see you added floats for the Nixon Library and ERA Realty. However, these floats are not on the current test schedule (which shows only 42 floats), and I can't find any support with a quick Google search. Do you have a reference for these? (Also: before you make any more changes to the Charisma link, I'd like to discuss it with you.) [[User:Floatjon|Floatjon]] ([[User talk:Floatjon|talk]]) 04:16, 19 October 2011 (UTC)

OK, final lineup doesn't include those, so I removed them. Whatever your original source was should now be considered dubious. [[User:Floatjon|Floatjon]] ([[User talk:Floatjon|talk]]) 20:45, 14 November 2011 (UTC)

==[[2012 BCS National Championship Game]]==
Well, it's official now. Thanks, [[User:Drmies|Drmies]] ([[User talk:Drmies|talk]]) 01:30, 5 December 2011 (UTC)
* Was watching Selection Show live! [[User:Ucla90024|Ucla90024]] ([[User talk:Ucla90024#top|talk]]) 01:32, 5 December 2011 (UTC)

==Disambiguation link notification==

Hi. When you recently edited [[John Ireland (sportscaster)]], you added links pointing to the disambiguation pages [[KCBS]] and [[KCAL]] ([[tools:~dispenser/cgi-bin/dablinks.py/John_Ireland_%28sportscaster%29|check to confirm]] | [[tools:~dispenser/cgi-bin/dab_solver.py/John_Ireland_%28sportscaster%29|fix with Dab solver]]). Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the [[User:DPL bot/Dablink notification FAQ|FAQ]]{{*}} Join us at the [[Wikipedia:Disambiguation pages with links|DPL WikiProject]].

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== Smile! ==
{{award2|image=smiley.png|size=100px|topic=A smile for you|text=You’ve just received a random act of kindness! [[Special:Contributions/66.87.2.119|66.87.2.119]] ([[User talk:66.87.2.119|talk]]) 16:19, 31 March 2012 (UTC)}}

== La Cienega Expo Line Station ==

Hello,

I was speculating why you keep removing station pictures that I add to the page. On the La Cienega Expo Line Station, I do not understand why you undid my change of the photos. I do not see the reason why you would add a outdated pictures( La Cienega Station under construction) even though the station already opened.

Thank you

== Lin ==

FYI, Lin is not a member of the Rockets right now. Houston made an offer to Lin and Knicks have until tomorrow to keep Lin by matching the offer.—[[User:Chrishmt0423|Chris!]][[Special:Contributions/Chrishmt0423|c]]/[[User talk:Chrishmt0423|t]] 04:26, 17 July 2012 (UTC)
:After Houston made an offer, the Knicks have 3 days to match it. During those 3 days, Lin is still a member of the Knicks. He will only be a member of the Rockets until the Knicks officially do not match.—[[User:Chrishmt0423|Chris!]][[Special:Contributions/Chrishmt0423|c]]/[[User talk:Chrishmt0423|t]] 22:22, 17 July 2012 (UTC)

== [[Wikipedia:Non-free content]] policy and guideline ==

With regards to [[:File:Pacific-12 Conference logo.png]] (and any and all other non-free logos used on season/annual pages), their use is not an issue of a missing FUR such as those you restored to the image page (their absence would be a violation of [[WP:NFCC#10c]]), their issue is that the inclusion of the non-free logo does not "significantly increase readers' understanding" of the season (this is a violation of [[WP:NFCC#8]]). This is why I specifically referenced point 14 of [[WP:NFC#UUI]] in my edit summaries, which has absolutely nothing to do with the FUR(s) for an image. That part of the guideline provides examples of unacceptable uses, and the use of this logo on the articles where you reverted me is one of those. [[User:VernoWhitney|VernoWhitney]] ([[User talk:VernoWhitney|talk]]) 20:54, 31 October 2012 (UTC)

== November 2012 ==
[[Image:Information.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] Hello, I'm [[User:TheJJJunk|TheJJJunk]]. I noticed that you made a change to an article, [[:2013 Grammy Awards]], but you didn't provide a reliable source. It's been removed for now, but if you'd like to [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|include a citation]] and re-add it, please do so! If you think I made a mistake, or if you have any questions, you can leave me a message on [[User_talk:TheJJJunk|my talk page]]. Thank you.  — [[User:TheJJJunk|JJJ]] ([[User talk:TheJJJunk|say hello]]) 23:05, 29 November 2012 (UTC)

== Schedule links on [[2012 UCLA Bruins football team]] ==

Having duplicate links in the schedule is standard, even if it does seem redundant. See [[2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team]], [[2011 LSU Tigers football team]], and [[2012 Stanford Cardinal football team]] for examples. [[Special:Contributions/128.223.222.34|128.223.222.34]] ([[User talk:128.223.222.34|talk]]) 21:17, 5 December 2012 (UTC)
::Plain silly. I you link everything again, again, where is the end point. We just don't do it. [[User:Ucla90024|Ucla90024]] ([[User talk:Ucla90024#top|talk]]) 22:01, 5 December 2012 (UTC)
==Orphaned non-free image File:Heartofdallas logo.jpg==
'''[[Image:Ambox warning blue.svg|35px|left|⚠|link=]]''' Thanks for uploading '''[[:File:Heartofdallas logo.jpg]]'''. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a [[WP:FU|claim of fair use]]. However, the image is currently not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see [[Wikipedia:Non-free content#Policy|our policy for non-free media]]).

Note that any non-free images not used in any '''articles''' will be deleted after seven days, as described in the [[wikipedia:Criteria for speedy deletion#F5|criteria for speedy deletion]]. Thank you. [[User:VernoWhitney|VernoWhitney]] ([[User talk:VernoWhitney|talk]]) 18:24, 18 December 2012 (UTC)

x

== A barnstar for you! ==

{| style="background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;"
|rowspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;" | [[File:Tireless Contributor Barnstar.gif|100px]]
|style="font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;" | '''National Championship Barnstar'''
|-
|style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;" | Good work on [[2013 BCS National Championship Game]]! [[User:AutomaticStrikeout|'''Automatic''Strikeout''''']] ([[User talk:AutomaticStrikeout|'''T''']] • [[Special:Contributions/AutomaticStrikeout|C]]) 02:23, 8 January 2013 (UTC)
|}

== Tournament seeding listing ==

It may not be a "Standard" as you called it, but tournament seeding listed the way I keep listing it is perfectly acceptable. Every other team that made the tournament for this year has the seeding listed for the region they were in. It is an important thing to note since most people who don't know much about the tournament know about seedings, especially when it comes to upsets. It is also notable as a way to show how a team was perceived to do in the tournament, i.e. the 6 should have beaten the 11. For you to continue to delete my constructive edit is more vandalism then anything and for you to mark my edits as vandalism is completely uncalled for! You can disagree with me, but you cannot call a constructive edit vandalism! Please stop deleting my revision. That page does not belong to you and it is not up to you to label what is "standard" and/or what is noteworthy. [[User:Bsuorangecrush|Bsuorangecrush]] ([[User talk:Bsuorangecrush|talk]]) 02:41, 3 April 2013 (UTC)

== [[2012 UCLA Bruins football team]] ==

Hey, thanks for catching the weirdness my edit created. I've gone back to it and redone/corrected, removing the ":", but not replacing it with anything, so the list is just a list, not indented any extra amount, which it really doesn't need. Cheers, '''[[User:LindsayH|Lindsay]]'''[[User_talk:LindsayH|Hello]] 17:32, 23 April 2013 (UTC)

==Bonsai==
I hope you're aware of the use of [[WP:ROLLBACK|rollback]] in addressing spamming and other forms of [[WP:VAN|vandalism]]. I gave the editor involved a final warning for his spamming. --[[User:Ronz|Ronz]] ([[User talk:Ronz|talk]]) 04:57, 3 May 2013 (UTC)
== [[Wikipedia:Proposed deletion|Proposed deletion]] of [[2011 NCAA Women's Gymnastics Championship]] ==
[[Image:Ambox warning yellow.svg|left|link=|48px|]]

The article [[2011 NCAA Women's Gymnastics Championship]] has been [[Wikipedia:Proposed deletion|proposed for deletion]] because of the following concern:
:'''Not notable. Reads like a notice board. Out dated and inaccurate.Unreferenced.'''

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be [[WP:DEL#REASON|deleted for any of several reasons]].

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the {{Tlc|proposed deletion/dated}} notice, but please explain why in your [[Help:edit summary|edit summary]] or on [[Talk:2011 NCAA Women's Gymnastics Championship|the article's talk page]].

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing {{Tlc|proposed deletion/dated}} will stop the [[Wikipedia:Proposed deletion|proposed deletion process]], but other [[Wikipedia:deletion process|deletion process]]es exist. In particular, the [[Wikipedia:Criteria for speedy deletion|speedy deletion]] process can result in deletion without discussion, and [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion|articles for deletion]] allows discussion to reach [[Wikipedia:Consensus|consensus]] for deletion. [[User:Gillyweed|Gillyweed]] ([[User talk:Gillyweed|talk]]) 01:26, 19 May 2013 (UTC)

== Revert on 2013 CWS Tourney Article ==

I'll let it ride this time, but next time you go-in and, rather than undoing my edit, you reenter the score after the game is concluded rather than in the 7th inning. The brackets are not a running-score format. They are for final score entry once the contests are decided. I reverted your entry in the 7th inning because the game was not yet completed. The rvrt was justified, you were wrong. I expect more from you given your history. [[User:Scrooster|Scrooster]] ([[User talk:Scrooster|talk]]) 21:54, 21 June 2013 (UTC)

==DYK for David Berg (pitcher)==
{{tmbox
|style = notice
|small =
|image = [[Image:Updated DYK query.svg|15px|Updated DYK query]]
|text = On [[Wikipedia:Recent_additions#28 June 2013|28 June 2013]], '''[[:Template:Did you know|Did you know?]]''' was updated with a fact from the article '''''[[David Berg (pitcher)]]''''', which you created or substantially expanded. The fact was ''... that '''[[David Berg (pitcher)|David Berg]]''' broke the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association]] record for [[save (baseball)|saves]] in a single [[college baseball]] season?'' The nomination discussion and review may be seen at [[Template:Did you know nominations/David Berg (pitcher)]]. You are welcome to check how many hits the article got while on the front page ([[User:Rjanag/Pageview stats|here's how]], [http://stats.grok.se/en/201306/David_Berg_(pitcher) quick check]) and it will be added to [[WP:DYKSTATS|DYKSTATS]] if it got over 5,000. If you know of another interesting fact from a recently created article, then please suggest it on the [[:Template talk:Did you know|Did you know? talk page]].
}} [[User:Gatoclass|Gatoclass]] ([[User talk:Gatoclass|talk]]) 19:23, 28 June 2013 (UTC)

== [[List of districts and neighborhoods of Los Angeles]] ==

KIndly wait for a while before you make your changes in the columns. It won't be too much longer. Thank you. [[User:GeorgeLouis|GeorgeLouis]] ([[User talk:GeorgeLouis|talk]]) 02:23, 17 July 2013 (UTC)
:OK. I am done for the night. More tomorrow. Please make your change now. Thank you. [[User:GeorgeLouis|GeorgeLouis]] ([[User talk:GeorgeLouis|talk]]) 03:44, 17 July 2013 (UTC)

== Revert issue: 2012 Holiday Bowl ==

:''This comment references [[2012 Holiday Bowl]]''

I have noticed that you twice deleted my addition to the article concerning a play reported in several news sources to be contentious.

Please reply to my discussion on the article's talk page as soon as possible. Wikipedia is not the place for an edit war, and we need to clearly talk about this, since you disagree so strongly as to revert my edit without comment - twice.

[[User:Collegebookworm|CB..]][[User talk:Collegebookworm|.(ö)]] 03:05, 24 July 2013 (UTC)
: I have responded to your comment on the talk page. [[User:Collegebookworm|CB..]][[User talk:Collegebookworm|.(ö)]] 00:42, 26 July 2013 (UTC)

== August 2013 ==
[[Image:Information.svg|25px|alt=Information icon]] Hello, I'm [[User:Status|Status]]. I noticed that you made a change to an article, [[:Legends of the Summer Stadium Tour]], but you didn't provide a [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources|reliable source]]. It's been removed for now, but if you'd like to [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|include a citation]] and re-add it, please do so! If you think I made a mistake, or if you have any questions, you can leave me a message on [[User_talk:Status|my talk page]]. Thank you.  — [[User:Status|Status]] ([[User talk:Status|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Status|contribs]]) 01:09, 10 August 2013 (UTC)

== College Football Playoff - Rose Bowl ==

Hey, thanks for your edit on the [[College Football Playoff]] article — I figure there have to be a million little nuggets about the new playoff system floating around the Interwebs, and we can make the WP article here the best source for reliable information.

In that spirit, can you cite a source for your claim that the [[Pasadena Tournament of Roses]] has said they won't bid to host the new title game? I haven't been able to Google it up. Thanks! [[User:Woodshed|Woodshed]] ([[User talk:Woodshed|talk]]) 06:18, 10 August 2013 (UTC)

:Just FYI, another editor has gone ahead and removed that piece of information from the article because it lacks a source. If you get one, please go ahead and add it back in. Thanks! [[User:Woodshed|Woodshed]] ([[User talk:Woodshed|talk]]) 05:38, 11 August 2013 (UTC)

== [[The Forum (Inglewood)]] ==

I wasn't quite clear why you reverted my edit [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Forum_(Inglewood)&diff=next&oldid=570597100 here] and there was no edit summary. Could you clarify why you changed this? Thanks, [[User:Bahooka|Bahooka]] ([[User talk:Bahooka|talk]]) 14:31, 29 August 2013 (UTC)

== Rose Bowl external links ==

Ucla90024, I saw your recent edits (some which reverted my edits) to the external links sections of various Rose Bowl Game articles. External links ought to relate directly to the subject of the article. Let's look at [[2010 Rose Bowl]]. You've added back in the listing for the official website of the Rose Bowl. But that doesn't really have content related directly to the 2010 Rose Bowl. The official site for the Rose Bowl surely belongs at [[Rose Bowl Game]]. But do we really need it the article for each every annual playing of the Rose Bowl? Thoughts? Thanks, [[User:Jweiss11|Jweiss11]] ([[User talk:Jweiss11|talk]]) 05:06, 17 September 2013 (UTC)

:Ucla90024, I see you've now added http://www.tournamentofroses.com/Portals/0/GameRecaps2pg.pdf to a number of the Rose Bowl articles. How is that document, which gives brief summaries of the 1967 through 2012 Rose Bowls germane to, say, [[1902 Rose Bowl]]? And in the case of say, [[2003 Rose Bowl]], this document merely restates basic game summary info that is detailed similarly in the article's infobox. How is this external link of value there? Thanks, [[User:Jweiss11|Jweiss11]] ([[User talk:Jweiss11|talk]]) 19:30, 14 October 2013 (UTC)

::Can you answer the above? Thanks, [[User:Jweiss11|Jweiss11]] ([[User talk:Jweiss11|talk]]) 15:11, 24 October 2013 (UTC)

:::Please see [[Wikipedia talk:WikiProject College football#External links on Rose Bowl articles|a related discussion]] that I have started at WikiProject College football. Thanks, [[User:Jweiss11|Jweiss11]] ([[User talk:Jweiss11|talk]]) 17:34, 29 October 2013 (UTC)

[[File:Ambox warning pn.svg|30px|left|alt=|link=]] You currently appear to be engaged in an [[Wikipedia:Edit warring|edit war]]. Users are expected to [[Wikipedia:TALKDONTREVERT|collaborate]] with others, to avoid editing [[Wikipedia:Disruptive editing|disruptively]], and to [[WP:CONSENSUS|try to reach a consensus]] rather than repeatedly undoing other users' edits once it is known that there is a disagreement. 
Please be particularly aware, [[Wikipedia:Edit warring|Wikipedia's policy on edit warring]] states:
# '''Edit warring is disruptive regardless of how many reverts you have made'''; that is to say, editors are not automatically "entitled" to three reverts.
# '''Do not edit war even if you believe you are right.'''
If you find yourself in an editing dispute, use the article's [[Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines|talk page]] to discuss controversial changes; work towards a version that represents [[Wikipedia:Consensus|consensus]] among editors. You can post a request for help at an [[Wikipedia:Noticeboards|appropriate noticeboard]] or seek [[Wikipedia:Dispute resolution|dispute resolution]]. In some cases it may be appropriate to request temporary [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|page protection]]. If you engage in an edit war, you '''may be [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked]] from editing.''' [[User:ElKevbo|ElKevbo]] ([[User talk:ElKevbo|talk]]) 17:40, 29 October 2013 (UTC)

== October 2013 ==
[[File:Nuvola apps important.svg|25px|alt=Warning icon]] Please stop your [[Wikipedia:Disruptive editing|disruptive editing]]. If you continue to blank out or remove portions of page content, templates, or other materials from Wikipedia, as you did at [[:Legends of the Summer Stadium Tour]], you may be [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked from editing]]. Thank you. — [[User:Status|Status]] ([[User talk:Status|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Status|contribs]]) 03:35, 3 October 2013 (UTC)

[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] Hello, I'm [[User:BracketBot|BracketBot]]. I have automatically detected that [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=579292004 your edit] to [[1959 Rose Bowl]] may have broken the [[syntax]] by modifying 1 "[]"s. If you have, don't worry: just [{{fullurl:1959 Rose Bowl|action=edit&minor=minor&summary=Fixing+typo+raised+by+%5B%5BUser%3ABracketBot%7CBracketBot%5D%5D}} edit the page] again to fix it. If I misunderstood what happened, or if you have any questions, you can leave a message on [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?action=edit&preload=User:A930913/BBpreload&editintro=User:A930913/BBeditintro&minor=&title=User_talk:A930913&preloadtitle=BracketBot%20–%20{{subst</noinclude>:REVISIONUSER}}&section=new my operator's talk page].
:List of unpaired brackets remaining on the page:
*<nowiki>RoseBowlGame/GeneralInformation/AbouttheRoseBowlGame.aspx Official website of the Rose Bowl Game</nowiki>{{red|''']'''}}<nowiki></nowiki>
Thanks, [[User:BracketBot|BracketBot]] ([[User talk:BracketBot|talk]]) 15:21, 29 October 2013 (UTC)

[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] Hello, I'm [[User:BracketBot|BracketBot]]. I have automatically detected that [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=579292039 your edit] to [[1958 Rose Bowl]] may have broken the [[syntax]] by modifying 1 "[]"s. If you have, don't worry: just [{{fullurl:1958 Rose Bowl|action=edit&minor=minor&summary=Fixing+typo+raised+by+%5B%5BUser%3ABracketBot%7CBracketBot%5D%5D}} edit the page] again to fix it. If I misunderstood what happened, or if you have any questions, you can leave a message on [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?action=edit&preload=User:A930913/BBpreload&editintro=User:A930913/BBeditintro&minor=&title=User_talk:A930913&preloadtitle=BracketBot%20–%20{{subst</noinclude>:REVISIONUSER}}&section=new my operator's talk page].
:List of unpaired brackets remaining on the page:
*<nowiki>RoseBowlGame/GeneralInformation/AbouttheRoseBowlGame.aspx Official website of the Rose Bowl Game</nowiki>{{red|''']'''}}<nowiki></nowiki>
Thanks, [[User:BracketBot|BracketBot]] ([[User talk:BracketBot|talk]]) 15:21, 29 October 2013 (UTC)

[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] Hello, I'm [[User:BracketBot|BracketBot]]. I have automatically detected that [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=579292153 your edit] to [[1956 Rose Bowl]] may have broken the [[syntax]] by modifying 1 "[]"s. If you have, don't worry: just [{{fullurl:1956 Rose Bowl|action=edit&minor=minor&summary=Fixing+typo+raised+by+%5B%5BUser%3ABracketBot%7CBracketBot%5D%5D}} edit the page] again to fix it. If I misunderstood what happened, or if you have any questions, you can leave a message on [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?action=edit&preload=User:A930913/BBpreload&editintro=User:A930913/BBeditintro&minor=&title=User_talk:A930913&preloadtitle=BracketBot%20–%20{{subst</noinclude>:REVISIONUSER}}&section=new my operator's talk page].
:List of unpaired brackets remaining on the page:
*<nowiki>RoseBowlGame/GeneralInformation/AbouttheRoseBowlGame.aspx Official website of the Rose Bowl Game</nowiki>{{red|''']'''}}<nowiki></nowiki>
Thanks, [[User:BracketBot|BracketBot]] ([[User talk:BracketBot|talk]]) 15:22, 29 October 2013 (UTC)

[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] Hello, I'm [[User:BracketBot|BracketBot]]. I have automatically detected that [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=579292265 your edit] to [[1954 Rose Bowl]] may have broken the [[syntax]] by modifying 1 "[]"s. If you have, don't worry: just [{{fullurl:1954 Rose Bowl|action=edit&minor=minor&summary=Fixing+typo+raised+by+%5B%5BUser%3ABracketBot%7CBracketBot%5D%5D}} edit the page] again to fix it. If I misunderstood what happened, or if you have any questions, you can leave a message on [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?action=edit&preload=User:A930913/BBpreload&editintro=User:A930913/BBeditintro&minor=&title=User_talk:A930913&preloadtitle=BracketBot%20–%20{{subst</noinclude>:REVISIONUSER}}&section=new my operator's talk page].
:List of unpaired brackets remaining on the page:
*<nowiki>RoseBowlGame/GeneralInformation/AbouttheRoseBowlGame.aspx Official website of the Rose Bowl Game</nowiki>{{red|''']'''}}<nowiki></nowiki>
Thanks, [[User:BracketBot|BracketBot]] ([[User talk:BracketBot|talk]]) 15:23, 29 October 2013 (UTC)

== 2013 Pacific-12 football standings ==

Hi UCLA90024, please remember to update the date when updating the [[:Template:2013 Pacific-12 football standings|Pac-12 standing template]]. Thanks, [[User:OCNative|OCNative]] ([[User talk:OCNative|talk]]) 01:30, 7 October 2013 (UTC)

== Your deletion ==

Hi ... you deleted the stub beginning of a notable persons list, asserting (as though it is an acceptable rationale for deletion) that there are too many [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Los_Angeles_Unified_School_District&oldid=580929571&diff=prev people on the list]. That's, frankly, not an acceptable rationale. I spend a good deal of time working on people lists -- we have many more that are far more far-reaching in potential persons. See, for example, the lists [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Lists_of_people_by_nationality here]. We certainly won't delete our lists of "notable persons from country x," or "notable persons from city x". On the basis that "there are too many people." A glance at the lists should demonstrate that it is the norm to have such lists -- whether embedded or stand-alone. We start small, and then add over time -- as with wp stub articles. I would urge you to revert.--[[User:Epeefleche|Epeefleche]] ([[User talk:Epeefleche|talk]]) 18:33, 9 November 2013 (UTC)

== November 2013 ==
[[File:Information orange.svg|25px|alt=Information icon]] Please do not remove content or templates from pages on Wikipedia, as you did to [[List of Los Angeles Unified School District people]], without giving a valid reason for the removal in the [[Help:Edit summary|edit summary]]. Your content removal does not appear constructive and has been [[Help:Reverting|reverted]]. Please make use of the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]] if you'd like to experiment with test edits. Thank you. ''As discussed [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:List_of_Los_Angeles_Unified_School_District_people here], you are edit warring.'' [[User:Epeefleche|Epeefleche]] ([[User talk:Epeefleche|talk]]) 20:49, 12 November 2013 (UTC)

[[Image:Stop hand nuvola.svg|30px|alt=Stop icon]] This is your '''last warning'''. The next time you [[Wikipedia:Disruptive editing|disrupt Wikipedia]], you may be '''[[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked from editing]] without further notice'''.  ''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Los_Angeles_Unified_School_District_people&diff=581575961&oldid=581575354 this] is disruptive, following talk page discussion.'' [[User:Epeefleche|Epeefleche]] ([[User talk:Epeefleche|talk]]) 03:40, 14 November 2013 (UTC)

== Alt text for UCLA seal ==

Hi Ucla90024 
I noticed that you recently removed the "alt" text for the UCLA seal with the following edit: 
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=University_of_California,_Los_Angeles&diff=582468606&oldid=582455258
 As a summary, you wrote "no purpose". 
Actually, the "alt" text which you removed has several useful purposes. This is the text which is displayed if the image cannot be displayed, for example in the case of text-only browsers used by people with a slow internet connection and by blind people. The same "alt" text is also used by search engines for indexing images.--[[User:Casecrer|Casecrer]] ([[User talk:Casecrer|talk]]) 02:59, 20 November 2013 (UTC)

University of California

2013-11-20T01:29:44Z

Casecrer:

{{distinguish2|its formerly synonymous first campus, the [[University of California, Berkeley]]}}
{{coord|37.802168|-122.271281|region:US|display=title}}
{{Infobox university
| name = University of California
| latin_name = Universitas Californiensis
| image = [[File:The University of California 1868.svg|250px|alt=The logo of the University of California 1868]]
| motto = ''[[Fiat lux]]'' ([[Latin]])
| mottoeng = [[Let there be light]]
| established = 1868
| type = [[Public university|Public]] [[university system]]
| endowment = [[United States dollar|US$]]10.274 billion<ref name=Endowment>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/_files/report/UC_Annual_Endowment_Report_FY2011-2012.pdf |title=UC Annual Endowment Report, Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012 |accessdate=2013-01-26|publisher=Office of the Treasurer of the Regents of the University of California|format=PDF}}</ref>
| budget = [[United States dollar|US$]]22.7 billion (2011)<ref name=About/>
| president = [[Janet Napolitano]]
| city = [[Oakland, California|Oakland]]
| state = [[California]]
| country = [[United States]]
| students = 236,691 (Fall 2012)<ref name="Campus Facts">{{cite web|url=http://finreports.universityofcalifornia.edu/index.php?file=11-12/pdf/fullreport-2012.pdf |format=PDF |title=UC Financial Reports – Campus Facts in Brief |year=2011-12 |publisher=University of California}}</ref>
| undergrad = 184,562 (Fall 2012)<ref name="Campus Facts"/>
| postgrad = 52,129 (Fall 2012)<ref name="Campus Facts"/>
| colors = Blue & Gold
| faculty = 18,896 (Fall 2011)<ref name=About/>
| staff = 189,116 (Fall 2011)<ref name=About/>
| campus = 10 campuses under direct control (nine with undergraduate and graduate schools, one professional/graduate only), one affiliated law school, one national laboratory
| website = [http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu www.UniversityofCalifornia.edu]
| logo =
}}

The '''University of California''' ('''UC''') is a [[public university]] [[university system|system]] in the [[U.S. state]] of [[California]]. Under the [[California Master Plan for Higher Education]], the University of California is a part of the state's three-tier public [[higher education]] system, which also includes the [[California State University]] system and the [[California Community Colleges System]].

As of fall 2011, the University of California has 10 campuses, a combined [[student]] body of 234,464 students, 18,896 faculty members, 189,116 staff members, and over 1,600,000 living [[Alumnus|alumni]].<ref name=About>{{cite web|url=http://wiki.ucop.edu/display/UC101/About+the+University+of+California |title=About the University of California}}</ref>

Its first [[campus]], [[University of California, Berkeley|UC Berkeley]], was founded in 1868, while its tenth and newest campus, [[University of California, Merced|UC Merced]], opened for classes in fall 2005. Nine campuses enroll both [[Undergraduate education|undergraduate]] and [[graduate school|graduate]] students; one campus, [[University of California, San Francisco|UC San Francisco]], enrolls only graduate and professional students in the [[Medicine|medical]] and health sciences. In addition, the independently administered [[University of California, Hastings College of the Law|UC Hastings]]<ref>Hastings has a unique relationship with the University of California. In 1878, when Justice Serranus Clinton Hastings gave $100,000 to the University of California to start the law school bearing his name, he imposed two conditions: (1) the school must remain in San Francisco near the courts and (2) it could not be governed by the [[Regents of the University of California]]. See: [[University of California, Hastings College of the Law#History]]. Thus, UC Hastings functions as an eleventh UC campus, one of two in San Francisco.</ref>—located in San Francisco but not part of the UCSF campus—enrolls only graduate and professional students in legal studies.

The University of California's campuses boast large numbers of distinguished [[Faculty (division)|faculty]] in almost every field and it is widely regarded as one of the top public university systems in the world.

Eight of its undergraduate campuses are ranked among the top 100, six among the top 50, and two among the top 25 U.S. universities by ''[[U.S. News and World Report]]''. Among public schools, two of its undergraduate campuses are ranked in the top 5 (UC Berkeley at 1 and UCLA at 2), five in the top 10 (UC Davis and UC San Diego at 8, and UC Santa Barbara at 10), and all in the top 50 (UC Irvine at 12, UC Santa Cruz at 32, UC Riverside at 46), with the exception of the newly opened UC Merced (US News Rankings 2013). UC Berkeley is ranked fourth worldwide among public and private universities and two others—UCLA and UC San Diego—are ranked among the top 15 by the ''[[Academic Ranking of World Universities]]''.<ref>[http://www.shanghairanking.com/ARWU2012.html Academic Ranking of World Universities - 2012| Top 500 universities | Shanghai Ranking - 2012 | World University Ranking - 2012]</ref>

==History==
{{Refimprove|History|date=November 2009}}

[[File:Berkeley glade afternoon.jpg|thumb|[[University of California, Berkeley|Berkeley]] (1868)]]
[[File:Mission Bay, UCSF.jpg|thumb|[[University of California, San Francisco|San Francisco]] (1873)]]
[[File:RHall.JPG|thumb|[[University of California, Los Angeles|Los Angeles]] (1919)]]
[[File:Ucsbuniversitycenterandstorketower.jpg|thumb|[[University of California, Santa Barbara|Santa Barbara]] (1944)]]
[[File:UCR Belltower night.JPG|thumb|[[University of California, Riverside|Riverside]] (1954)]]
[[File:UC Davis Mondavi Center.jpg|thumb|[[University of California, Davis|Davis]] (1959)]]
[[File:Geisel library.jpg|thumb|[[University of California, San Diego|San Diego]] (1960)]]
[[File:Uc irvine8300001.jpg|thumb|[[University of California, Irvine|Irvine]] (1965)]]
[[File:Cowell College.jpg|thumb|[[University of California, Santa Cruz|Santa Cruz]] (1965)]]
[[File:UC Merced at night.jpg|thumb|[[University of California, Merced|Merced]](2005)]]

[[File:Universityofcaliforniaofficeofthepresident.jpg|thumb|right|UC Office of the President in [[Oakland]]]]

In 1849, the state of California ratified its first constitution, which contained the express objective of creating a complete educational system including a state [[university]]. Taking advantage of the [[Morrill Land Grant Act]], the [[California Legislature]] established an Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College in 1866. Meanwhile, [[Congregational]] [[minister of religion|minister]] [[Henry Durant]], an alumnus of [[Yale University|Yale]], had established the private Contra Costa Academy, on June 20, 1853 in [[Oakland, California]]. The initial site was bounded by Twelfth and Fourteenth Streets and Harrison and Franklin Streets in downtown Oakland. In turn, the Trustees of the Contra Costa Academy were granted a charter on April 13, 1855 for a [[College of California]]. State Historical Plaque No. 45 marks the site of the College of California at the northeast corner of Thirteenth and Franklin Streets in Oakland. Hoping both to expand and raise funds, the College of California's trustees formed the College Homestead Association and purchased 160 [[acre]]s (650,000 m²) of land in what is now [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]] in 1866. But sales of new homesteads fell short.

Governor [[Frederick Low]] favored the establishment of a state university based upon the [[University of Michigan]] plan, and thus in one sense may be regarded as the founder of the University of California. In 1867, he suggested a merger of the existing College of California with the proposed state university. On October 9, 1867, the College's trustees reluctantly agreed to merge with the state college to their mutual advantage, but under one condition—that there not be simply a "Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College," but a complete university, within which the College of California would become the College of Letters (now the College of Letters and Science). Accordingly, the Organic Act, establishing the University of California, was signed into law by Governor [[Henry H. Haight]] (Low's successor) on March 23, 1868.<ref>Harvey Helfand, ''University of California, Berkeley: An Architectural Tour and Photographs,'' (New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 2002), 6.</ref>

The University of California's second president, [[Daniel Coit Gilman]], opened the [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]] campus in September 1873. Earlier that year, Toland Medical College in San Francisco had agreed to become the University's "Medical Department"; it later evolved into [[University of California, San Francisco|UCSF]]. In 1878, the University established its first [[law school]] in San Francisco with a $100,000 gift from [[Serranus Clinton Hastings]], which is now known as [[University of California, Hastings College of the Law|Hastings College of the Law]].

In August 1882, a southern branch campus of the California State Normal School opened in Los Angeles.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.sjsu.edu/about_sjsu/history/timeline/1880/ | title = San José State University: About SJSU: 1880-1899 | publisher = San José State University}}</ref> The southern branch campus would remain under administrative control of the [[San Jose State University]] (California's oldest public university campus, established in 1857) until 1919, when by act of the California state legislature the school merged with the University of California in Berkeley, California, and was renamed the Southern Branch of the University of California.<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20060615035434/http://www.library.ucla.edu/libraries/special/scweb/archives.htm UCLA Library Special Collections / University Archives Home Page]</ref> This Southern Branch became [[University of California, Los Angeles|UCLA]] in 1927. In 1944, the former Santa Barbara State College—renamed [[UC Santa Barbara]]—became the third general-education campus of the University of California system.

In 1905, the Legislature established a "University Farm School" at [[Davis, California|Davis]] and in 1907 a "Citrus Experiment Station" at [[Riverside, California|Riverside]] as adjuncts to the College of Agriculture at Berkeley. In 1959, the Legislature promoted the "Farm" and "Experiment Station" to the rank of general campus, creating, respectively, [[UC Davis]] and [[UC Riverside]].

In 1932, [[Will Keith Kellogg]] donated his Arabian horse ranch in [[Pomona, California]] to the University of California system. However, the land remained largely unused and ownership was transferred to the [[California State University]] system in 1949. Kellogg's old ranch became the [[California State Polytechnic University, Pomona]] (Cal Poly Pomona).<ref>[http://www.wkkf.org/what-we-support/featured-work/cal-poly-pomona.aspx "Honoring the Legacy of W.K. Kellogg Through Access to Educational Opportunities"], W.K. Kellogg Foundation.</ref>

The [[San Diego, California|San Diego]] campus was founded as a marine station in 1912 and, in 1959, became [[University of California, San Diego|UCSD]]. UC established additional general campuses at [[Santa Cruz, California|Santa Cruz]] and [[Irvine, California|Irvine]] in 1965. [[University of California, Merced|UC Merced]] opened in fall 2005.

The [[California Master Plan for Higher Education]] of 1960 established that UC must admit undergraduates from the top 12.5% (one-eighth) of graduating high school seniors in California. Prior to the promulgation of the Master Plan, UC was to admit undergraduates from the top 15%. The University does not currently adhere to all tenets of the original Master Plan, such as the directive that no campus was to exceed total enrollment of 27,500 students in order to ensure quality. Three campuses, Berkeley, Davis, and Los Angeles, all currently enroll over 30,000.

According to Spanish newspaper reports, UC representatives have visited [[Madrid]], [[Spain]] to discuss the possibility of opening UC's first general campus outside of the U.S. there in 2014.<ref>{{cite web | author= | title=Un campus junto al parque Warner | url=http://www.abc.es/20100201/madrid-madrid/campus-junto-parque-warner-20100201.html | publisher=ABC | date=1 February 2010| accessdate=2010-03-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | author= | title=Respaldo al campus de la Universidad de California | url=http://www.abc.es/20100205/madrid-madrid/respaldo-campus-universidad-california-20100205.html | publisher=ABC | date=5 February 2010| accessdate=2010-03-05}}</ref>

==Academics==
UC researchers and faculty are responsible for 5,505 inventions and 2,497 patents. UC researchers create 3 new inventions per day on average.<ref>University of California, Office of the President, Press Release, September 28, 2005.[http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/2005/sep28.html]</ref>

The University of California and most of its campuses are members of the [[Association of American Universities|Association of American Universities (AAU)]]. Collectively, the system counts among its faculty (as of 2002):
*389 members of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences|Academy of Arts and Sciences]]
*5 [[Fields Medal]] recipients
*19 [[Fulbright Program|Fulbright]] Scholars
*25 [[MacArthur Fellows]]
*254 members of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]]
*91 members of the [[National Academy of Engineering]]
*13 [[National Medal of Science]] Laureates
*38 [[List of Nobel laureates|Nobel laureates]]. This is the largest number of laureates at any university.<ref>{{cite web | author= | title=Nobel Laureates and Universities | url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/lists/universities.html | publisher=The Nobel Foundation | year=2008 | accessdate=2008-03-06}}</ref>
*106 members of the [[Institute of Medicine]]

Eight campuses operate on the quarter system, while Berkeley and Merced are on the semester system. However, the [[David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA]] and all UC law schools operate on the semester system.

===UC Libraries===
{{Main|University of California Libraries}}
At 34 million items,<ref>[http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/cultural/libraries.html University of California Cultural Resources{{spaced ndash}}Libraries]. Accessed January 26, 2008.</ref> the University of California [[library]] system contains one of the largest collections in the world. Each campus maintains its own library catalog and also participates in the systemwide union catalog, [[Melvyl|MELVYL]]. Besides on-campus libraries, the UC system also maintains two regional library facilities (one each for Northern and Southern California), which each accept older items from all UC campus libraries in their respective region. As of 2007, Northern Regional Library Facility is home to 4.7 million volumes, while SRLF is home to 5.7 million.

==Governance==
The University of California is governed by the [[Regents of the University of California]], as required by the current [[California Constitution|Constitution of the State of California]]. Eighteen regents are appointed by the [[Governor of California|governor]] for 12-year terms. One member is a student appointed for a one-year term. There are also seven ''[[List of Latin phrases: E|ex officio]]'' members—the Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Speaker of the Assembly, Superintendent of Public Instruction, president and vice president of the Alumni Associations of UC, and the UC President. The Academic Senate, made up of faculty members, is empowered by the Regents to set academic policies. In addition, the system-wide faculty chair and vice-chair sit on the Board of Regents as non-voting members.

Originally, the President was directly in charge of the first campus, Berkeley, and in turn, all other UC locations (with the exception of Hastings College of the Law) were controlled by the Berkeley campus. In 1952, the system was reorganized so that day-to-day "[[chief executive officer]]" functions for each campus were transferred to [[Chancellor (education)|Chancellors]] who were entrusted with a high degree of autonomy.<ref>[http://regents.universityofcalifornia.edu/bylaws/so1006.html "Duties of the Chancellors"], Standing Order 100.6 of the Regents of the University of California.</ref> In turn, all Chancellors (again, with the exception of Hastings) report as equals to the UC President. Today, the UC Office of the President and the Office of the Secretary of the Regents of the University of California share an office building in downtown Oakland that serves as the UC system's [[headquarters]].

===Criticism and controversies===
The members of the UC governing structure have been criticized for confusion about their roles and responsibilities and for enjoying controversial perks.

In 2008, the [[Western Association of Schools and Colleges]], the regional accreditor of the UC schools, criticized the UC system for "significant problems in governance, leadership and decision making" and "confusion about the roles and responsibilities of the university president, the regents and the 10 campus chancellors with no clear lines of authority and boundaries."<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/02/12/BAPOV0C6G.DTL | title=UC criticized for poor governance, controls | work=San Francisco Chronicle |accessdate=2008-02-12 | last=Schevitz | first=Tanya | date=12 February 2008}}</ref>

Besides substantial six-figure incomes, the UC President and all UC chancellors enjoy controversial perks such as free housing in the form of university-maintained mansions.<ref name="sfgate_free_mansions">{{Cite news | url= http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2005/11/14/MNGDFFO0JJ1.DTL | title= Free mansions for people of means: UC system spends about US$1 million yearly on upkeep | newspaper= [[San Francisco Chronicle]] | date= 14 November 2005 | page= A9 | author= Tanya Schevitz & Todd Wallack | postscript= }}</ref> In 1962, Anson Blake's will donated his {{convert|10|acre|m2|sing=on}} estate ([[Blake Garden, Kensington|Blake Garden]]) and mansion (Blake House) in [[Kensington, California|Kensington]] to the University of California's Department of Landscape Architecture. In 1968, the Regents decided to make Blake House the official residence of the UC President. As of 2005, it cost around $300,000 per year to maintain Blake Garden and Blake House; the latter, built in 1926, is a {{convert|13239|sqft|m2|sing=on}} mansion with a view of San Francisco Bay.<ref name="sfgate_free_mansions"/>

All UC chancellors traditionally live for free in a mansion on or near campus that is usually known as ''University House'', where they host social functions attended by guests and donors.<ref>See University of California Policy 2.725, [http://www.ucop.edu/ucophome/coordrev/policy/univprov_hsing_policy.pdf "University-Provided Housing,"] 1 August 2009, 2, and University of California Business and Finance Bulletin G-45, [http://www.ucop.edu/ucophome/policies/bfb/g45.pdf "Implementing Requirements on Expenses Incurred in Support of Official Responsibilities of the President and Chancellors,"] 20 May 2008, 2.</ref> UCSD's University House has been closed since 2004 due to mold and severe structural deficiencies; renovation attempts have been halted indefinitely by the discovery that the home sits on top of [[Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act|legally protected Native American burial remains]].<ref>Eleanor Yang-Su, [http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2010/mar/25/regents-ok-foxs-housing-exception-20000-allowance/ "Regents OK Fox's housing exception, $20,000 allowance,"] ''[[San Diego Union-Tribune]]'', 25 March 2010.</ref>

In 2011, the California Student Sustainability Coalition launched a campaign to end California higher education’s use and support of coal and the coal industry “as it is fundamentally incompatible with our colleges and universities’ strong commitments to sustainability.” They state that the UC's heavy investment in the Russell 3000 Index, “a pooled fund that contains holdings in the top 3000 companies in the US by size … through the Russell fund, the UCs own shares of every major coal company in the US.” <ref>California Student Sustainability Coalition’s Reducing California’s Support of and Dependence on Coal report, http://www.sustainabilitycoalition.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/CSSC-Report-Main_FINAL.pdf, p.4</ref>

In 2011, the California Student Sustainability Coalition released a press release reporting the following:
“According to data released today, the University of California Regents hold $234 million in 15 of the largest coal mining and coal burning corporations including Massey Energy, Patriot Coal, and Ameren Corp., with millions more possibly in individual campus foundations. Records of endowment holdings through 2011 show that the $234 million the UC holds in the ‘Filthy 15’ coal companies includes:
- $25.8 million in Southern Company, the 4th largest carbon polluter internationally;
- $12.1 million in Peabody Energy, the world’s largest private sector coal company;
- $19.1 million in Duke Energy, responsible for 1,248 deaths due to pollution in 2009.” <ref>California Student Sustainability Coalition’s University of California Holds $234 Million in Filthy 15 Coal Corporations Press Release, http://www.sustainabilitycoalition.org/projects/end-coal-in-ca-higher-education</ref>

===UC Presidents===
{|
|-
|valign="top"|
* 1868–1869 [[Henry Durant]]
* 1869–1870 [[John LeConte]]
* 1870–1872 [[Henry Durant]]
* 1872–1875 [[Daniel Coit Gilman]]
* 1881–1885 [[W.T. Reid]]
* 1885–1888 [[Edward S. Holden]]
* 1888–1890 [[Horace Davis]]
* 1890–1899 [[Martin Kellogg]]
* 1899–1919 [[Benjamin Ide Wheeler]]
* 1919–1923 [[David Prescott Barrows]]
* 1923–1930 [[William Wallace Campbell]]
|valign="top"|
* 1930–1958 [[Robert Gordon Sproul]]
* 1958–1967 [[Clark Kerr]]
* 1967–1967 [[Harry R. Wellman]] (acting president)
* 1967–1975 [[Charles J. Hitch]]
* 1975–1983 [[David S. Saxon]]
* 1983–1992 [[David P. Gardner]]
* 1992–1995 [[Jack W. Peltason]]
* 1995–2003 [[Richard C. Atkinson]]
* 2003–2008 [[Robert C. Dynes]]
* 2008–2013 [[Mark Yudof]]
* 2013-present: [[Janet Napolitano]]
|}

On 13 August 2007, President Dynes announced that he would step down effective June 2008, or until his replacement was selected. However, he also announced that Provost Wyatt (Rory) Hume would take over as the system's chief operating officer, effective immediately. Three state lawmakers had publicly demanded his resignation for his handling of the executive pay compensation scandal that stemmed from UC system Provost M. R. C. Greenwood's violation of UC conflict-of-interest rules. (She had created a management job at UC headquarters for a friend with whom she owned rental property, and a subordinate, Winston Doby, improperly helped create a year-long internship for her son at UC Merced.)<ref>
{{Cite document
|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/08/14/MNVNRHPJA.DTL
|title=Dynes quitting as head of UC– presided over compensation scandal
|publisher=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]
|accessdate=2008-02-09
|last=Jones
|first=Carolyn
|date=August 14, 2007
|postscript=
}}
</ref><ref>
{{Cite news
|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/08/14/MNBDRHFDO.DTL
|title=Dynes' tenure
|newspaper=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]
|accessdate=2008-02-09
|date=August 14, 2007
|last=
|first=
|postscript=
}}
</ref><ref name="Conflict of interest">
{{Cite news
|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2005/12/22/MNG60GBT611.DTL
|title=Conflict of interest found for UC provost / Despite violations, she got paid leave and offer of new job
|newspaper=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]
|accessdate=2008-02-09
|last1=Schevitz
|first1=Tanya
|last2=Wallack
|first2=Todd
|date=December 22, 2005
|postscript=
}}
</ref>

Incoming President Mark Yudof took over on June 16, 2008.<ref>{{Cite news | last = Gordon | first = Larry | title = New UC chief will start in June | newspaper = Los Angeles Times | pages = B4 | date = April 4, 2008 | postscript = }}</ref> In January 2013, Yudof announced his plan to resign as president of the University of California, effective August 31, 2013.<ref name=uc-2013-01-18>{{cite press release | title=President Yudof to end his tenure in August | publisher=University of California | date=2013-01-18 | url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/article/28955 | accessdate=2013-01-18 }}</ref> Yudof was succeeded by [[United States Department of Homeland Security|Homeland Security]] [[United States Secretary of Homeland Security|Secretary]] and former [[Governor of Arizona]] [[Janet Napolitano]], the first woman to hold the office of UC President.<ref>{{Cite news | last = Gordon | first = Larry | title = Janet Napolitano, Homeland Security chief, to head UC | url=http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-uc-president-20130712,0,83979.story|newspaper = Los Angeles Times | date = July 12, 2013| postscript = }}</ref>

===Finances===
{{main|University of California finances}}
The state of California currently spends US$2.56 billion or 2% of its annual budget (2011–12) on the UC system, down from US$3.04 billion or 3.8% of its annual budget in 2000-01. In May 2004, UC President [[Robert C. Dynes]] and CSU Chancellor [[Charles B. Reed]] struck a private deal, called the "Higher Education Compact," with Governor [[Arnold Schwarzenegger|Schwarzenegger]]. They agreed to slash spending by about a billion dollars (about a third of the University's core budget for academic operations) in exchange for a funding formula lasting until 2011. The agreement calls for modest annual increases in state funds (but not enough to replace the loss in state funds Dynes and Schwarzenegger agreed to), private fundraising to help pay for basic programs, and large student fee hikes, especially for graduate and professional students. A detailed analysis of the Compact by the Academic Senate "Futures Report" indicated, despite the large fee increases, the University core budget did not recover to 2000 levels.<ref>{{cite journal | author=Committee on Planning and Budget | title=Current Budget Trends and The Future of the University of California | version= | format=.PDF | publisher=University of California | url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/senate/committees/ucpb/futures.report0506.pdf | date=May 2006 | accessdate=2008-03-06}}</ref> Undergraduate student fees have risen 90% from 2003 to 2007.<ref>{{cite news | last=Paddock | first= Richard C. | title=Less to bank on at state universities | url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-compact7oct07,0,5052218,full.story?coll=la-home-center | work=The Los Angeles Times | date=6 October 2007 | accessdate=2007-10-06}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> In 2011, for the first time in UC's history, student fees exceeded contributions from the State of California.<ref>{{cite news | title=University of California Budget | url=http://budget.universityofcalifornia.edu/?page_id=1120}}</ref>

The First District Court of Appeal in San Francisco recently ruled that the University of California owes nearly US$40 million in refunds to about 40,000 students who were promised that their tuition fees would remain steady, but were hit with increases when the state ran short of money in 2003.<ref>{{cite news | last=Egelko | first= Bob | title=UC owes millions in refunds to students, appeals court rules| url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/11/03/BAAOT5MKR.DTL | publisher= [[San Francisco Chronicle]] | date=November 3, 2007 | accessdate = 2007-11-03}}</ref>

===Faculty pay===
Salaries for UC faculty increased in late 2007 and are slightly higher than in the [[California State University]] system. As of September, 2007 instructors earn up to $53,200, assistant professors up to $69,200, associate professors up to $97,100 and full professors up to $164,700.<ref name="Bailey">{{cite web|url=http://www.dailynexus.com/article.php?a=14471|title=Bailey, A. (September 27, 2007). Regents Approve Plan to Increase Faculty Wages. ''Daily Nexus''.|accessdate=2007-11-26}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> According to the 2007–2008 payscale, the following pay ranges apply per fiscal year with Cost-of-Living-Adjustments (COLA):<ref name="Official UC payscale">{{cite web|url=http://www.ap.uci.edu/salary/CurrentScales/prof-AY.pdf|format=PDF|title=University of California. (October 1, 2007). ''Academic Salary Scales''.|accessdate=2008-08-08}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|'''Position'''||'''Salary range'''||'''Maximum off-scale limit'''
|-
|Lecturer||$50,292–$140,724||N/A
|-
|Senior lecturer||$92,400–$140,724||N/A
|-
|Assistant Professor||$53,200–$69,200||$90,000
|-
|Associate Professor||$66,100–$83,700||$111,700
|-
|Full Professor||$77,800–$142,700||$178,600
|}

However, for 2009–2010, most UC faculty and staff were furloughed and lost up to 10% of their salary.<ref name="Salary Reduction">{{cite web|url=http://atyourservice.ucop.edu/administrators/employment/furlough/fur_reduct.html|title=Salary Reduction.|accessdate=2010-12-19}}</ref>

==Campuses and rankings==
At present, the UC system officially describes itself as a "ten campus" system consisting of the campuses listed below.<ref>{{cite web | author= | title=UC Campuses | url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/campuses/welcome.html | publisher=University of California | date=13 August 2006| accessdate=2008-03-06}}</ref> These campuses are under the direct control of the Regents and President.{{Citation needed|date=April 2010}} Only ten campuses are listed on the official UC letterhead.<ref>University of California Office of the President, [http://www.ucop.edu/ucophome/coordrev/policy/9-28-99ltrhead.html Policy on Representation of the University on Letterhead and Business Cards], September 28, 1999.</ref>

Although affiliated with the UC system, the [[University of California, Hastings College of the Law|Hastings College of Law]] is not controlled by the Regents or President; it has a separate board of directors and must seek funding directly from the Legislature. However, under the California Education Code, the [[Juris Doctor]] from Hastings is awarded in the name of the Regents and bears the signature of the President.<ref>{{cite web | author=State of California | title=California Education Code Section 92203 | url=http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cacodes/edc/92200-92215.html | work=California Education Code | publisher=FindLaw | year=2008 | accessdate=2008-03-06}}</ref> Furthermore, Education Code section 92201 states that Hastings "is affiliated with the University of California, and is the law department thereof."<ref>{{cite web | author=State of California | title=Education Code section 92201 | url=http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cacodes/edc/92200-92215.html | work=California Education Code | publisher=FindLaw | year=2008 | accessdate=2008-03-06}}</ref>

Some campuses are known worldwide, especially Berkeley and UCLA. In fact, UCLA is so well known in Asia that the university has licensed its trademark to 15 UCLA-branded stores across [[East Asia]].<ref>Menaka Fernando, [http://www.dailybruin.com/index.php/article/2005/04/ucla-name-la-lifestyle-marketa "UCLA name, L.A. lifestyle marketable overseas"], ''The Daily Bruin'', 5 April 2005.</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! Campus
! Acreage<ref name="Campus Facts"/>
! Founded
! Enrollment<ref name="Campus Facts"/>
! Endowment (US$)2011-2012<ref name=Endowment>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/_files/report/UC_Annual_Endowment_Report_FY2011-2012.pdf |title=UC Annual Endowment Report, Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012 |accessdate=2013-01-26|publisher=Office of the Treasurer of the Regents of the University of California|format=PDF}}</ref>
! Operations<ref name=annual2006>{{cite journal | author=Budget Office | title=Annual Report | version= | format=.PDF | publisher=University of California | url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/annualreport/2006/UC%20Financial%20Report%202006.pdf | date= | accessdate=2008-03-06}}</ref>
! Athletics Nickname
!USNews<ref>{{cite news | author= | title=America's Best Colleges 2013| url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/national-universities-rankings | work=US News and World Report | year=2013| accessdate=2012-08-20}}</ref>
! [[Academic Ranking of World Universities|ARWU]].<ref name=ARWU>{{cite web | url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/ARWU2012.html | title=Academic Ranking of World Universities | year=2012 | author=Shanghai Jiao Tong University | publisher=Institute of Higher Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University | accessdate=2012-08-30}}</ref>
! Athletics
|-
| [[University of California, Berkeley|Berkeley]]
| 6,679
| 1868
| 36,142
| $3,031,896,000
| $1.59 billion
| [[California Golden Bears|Golden Bears]]
| 20
| {{sort|004|4}}
| NCAA Div I [[Pacific-12 Conference|Pac-12]]
|-
| [[University of California, Davis|Davis]]
| 7,309
| 1908
| 32,653
| $713,180,000
| $2.27 billion
| [[UC Davis Aggies|Aggies]]
| 39
| {{sort|047|47}}
| NCAA Div I [[Big West Conference|Big West]]
|-
| [[University of California, Irvine|Irvine]]
| 1,526
| 1965
| 27,889
| $293,180,000
| $1.42 billion
| [[UC Irvine Anteaters|Anteaters]]
| 49
| {{sort|045|45}}
| NCAA Div I [[Big West Conference|Big West]]
|-
| [[University of California, Los Angeles|Los Angeles]]
| 420
| 1919
| 40,675
| $2,594,754,000
| $3.39 billion
| [[UCLA Bruins|Bruins]]
| 23
| {{sort|012|12}}
| NCAA Div I [[Pacific-12 Conference|Pac-12]]
|-
| [[University of California, Merced|Merced]]
| 7,045
| 2005
| 5,198
| $26,902,000
| $0.07 billion
| [[UC Merced Golden Bobcats|Golden Bobcats]]
| Not Ranked
| Not Ranked
| NAIA [[California Pacific Conference|CalPac]]
|-
| [[University of California, Riverside|Riverside]]
| 1,931
| 1954
| 20,955
| $138,816,000
| $0.46 billion
| [[UC Riverside Highlanders|Highlanders]]
| 112
| 101-150
| NCAA Div I [[Big West Conference|Big West]]
|-
| [[University of California, San Diego|San Diego]]
| 2,141
| 1960
| 29,324
| $560,122,000
| $2.08 billion
| [[UC San Diego Tritons|Tritons]]
| 39
| {{sort|015|15}}
| NCAA Div II [[California Collegiate Athletic Association|CCAA]]
|-
| [[University of California, San Francisco|San Francisco]]
| 255
| 1873
| 4,716
| $1,546,893,000
| $2.48 billion
| [[Bears]]
| {{N/A}}
| {{sort|018|18}}
| {{N/A}}
|-
| [[University of California, Santa Barbara|Santa Barbara]]
| 1,055
| 1909
| 21,685
| $206,033,000
| $0.62 billion
| [[UC Santa Barbara Gauchos|Gauchos]]
| 41
| {{sort|034|34}}
| NCAA Div I [[Big West Conference|Big West]]
|-
| [[University of California, Santa Cruz|Santa Cruz]]
| 6,088
| 1965
| 17,454
| $117,364,000
| $0.45 billion
| [[UC Santa Cruz Banana Slugs|Banana Slugs]]
| 86
| 101–150
| NCAA Div III Independent
|}

In 2008 the University of California was awarded the Sustainability Showcase Award from the ''[[California Sustainability Alliance]]''. The Alliance recognized the UC system for their innovative sustainable and green practices, programs and policies.<ref>[http://sustainca.org/showcase/uc California Sustainability Alliance, University of California], Received October 28th, 2010</ref>

==Administration==
While the UC campuses are operated fairly efficiently, some—especially UC Berkeley—do have a reputation among their students and alumni for mediocre [[customer service]].<ref>Tanya Schevitz, [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2001/05/06/MN176023.DTL "UC Berkeley's lack of services leaves many undergrads to sink or swim: 'Little fish in a big pond,' "]
''[[San Francisco Chronicle]]'', 6 May 2001, A1.</ref><ref>Diane Curtis, "UC Charged With Research Before Teaching," ''L.A. Daily News'', 13 May 1990, N4.</ref> The most common symptoms are long lines for even simple administrative tasks, long wait times before phone calls are answered, and overcomplicated paperwork that is often required. In August 1990, UC Berkeley attempted to ease the tedium of standing in line by setting up televisions that showed comedians making jokes about standing in line.<ref>Renee Koury, "Cal Trying To Lighten Up," ''San Jose Mercury News'', 18 August 1990, 1B.</ref> This situation has been largely ameliorated by the replacement of most enrollment and advising procedures with Internet-based systems.

===Labor unions===
There are a total of about 180,000 employees in the UC system.<ref>{{cite news | agency=Associated Press | title=UC employees face furloughs, pay cuts | url=| work= | publisher=Burlington Free Press | pages= 1A | date=11 July 2009 | id= | accessdate=}}</ref> Most UC employees beside faculty and administration are represented by [[labor union]]s. Unions in the UC system include:<ref>[http://www.caldisorientation.org/2007/LaborAtCal?highlight=%28unions%29 2007/LaborAtCal - calDisorientation]</ref>

*University Professional and Technical Employees - [[Communications Workers of America|CWA]] (UPTE): health care, technical and research workers
**[http://www.spse.org Society of Professionals, Scientists and Engineers]: UC Scientists and Engineers at [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]]
*CUE-Teamsters Local 2010 (formerly the Coalition of University Employees) - ([[International Brotherhood of Teamsters|IBT]]) (CUE): clericals
*University Council-[[American Federation of Teachers]] (UC-AFT): faculty and librarians
*[[United Auto Workers]] [[UAW]]: Academic student employees and [[UAW Local 5810|postdoctoral scholars]]
*[[American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees]] (AFSCME): service workers and patient care technical employees.
*[[California Nurses Association]] (CNA): Nurses
*[[International Association of Fire Fighters]]: Full-time firefighters for [[UC Davis]] and [[UC Santa Cruz]]

==Admissions==
Each UC school handles admissions separately, but a student wishing to apply for undergraduate admission uses one application for all UCs. Graduate and professional school admissions are handled directly by each department or program to which one applies.

Before 1986, students who wanted to apply to UC for undergraduate study could only apply to one campus. Students who were rejected at that campus otherwise met the UC minimum eligibility requirements were ''redirected'' to another campus with available space. Students who didn't want to be redirected were refunded their application fees. In 1986, that system changed to the current "multiple filing" system, in which students can apply to as many or as few UC campuses as they want on one application, paying a fee for each campus. This significantly increased the number of applications to the Berkeley and Los Angeles campuses, since students could choose a campus to attend after they received acceptance letters, without fear of being redirected to a campus they did not want to attend.

The University of California accepts fully eligible students from among the top eighth of California public high school graduates through regular statewide admission, or the top 4% of any given high school class through Eligibility in the Local Context (see below). All eligible California high school students who apply are accepted to the University, though not necessarily to the campus of choice.<ref name="ELC">{{cite web | author= | title=Undergraduate Admissions: Local Eligibility | url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/admissions/undergrad_adm/paths_to_adm/freshman/local_eligibility.html | publisher=University of California | date=31 May 2007 | accessdate=2008-03-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | author= | title=The Master Plan Renewed | url=http://www.ucop.edu/acadinit/mastplan/MPComm1987.pdf | publisher=University of California | date=July 1987 | accessdate=2009-04-09}}</ref> Eligible students who are not accepted to the campus(es) of their choice are placed in the "referral pool", where campuses with open space may offer admission to those students; in 2003, 10% of students who received an offer through this referral process accepted it.<ref>{{cite press release
|url=http://www.ucop.edu/news/archives/2004/sep03.htm
|title= Freshman admission of GTO students
|publisher=University of California Office of the President
|accessdate=2008-03-21
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref> In 2007, about 4,100 UC-eligible students who were not offered admission to their campus of choice were referred to UCR and UC Merced, the system's newest campus.<ref>{{cite web | last=Agha | first=Marisa | title=UC system fall '07 freshman admission numbers up | publisher=The Press Enterprise |
url=http://www.pe.com/localnews/highereducation/stories/PE_News_Local_C_ucadmit06.3bbf195.html | date=5 April 2007 | accessdate= 2007-08-22 | archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20070623114519/http://www.pe.com/localnews/highereducation/stories/PE_News_Local_C_ucadmit06.3bbf195.html  | archivedate=2007-06-23}}</ref>

The old Undergraduate admissions are conducted on a two-phase basis. In the first phase, students are admitted based solely on academic achievement. This accounts for between 50 to 75% of the admissions. In the second phase, the university conducts a "comprehensive review" of the student's achievements, including extracurricular activities, essay, family history, and life challenges, to admit the remainder. Students who do not qualify for regular admission are "admitted by exception"; in 2002, approximately 2% of newly admitted undergraduates were admitted by exception.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/compreview/exception.pdf|format=PDF|title=University of California. ''Admission by Exception''.|accessdate=2009-04-09}}</ref>

Since then, UC campuses have been evaluating students under "comprehensive review", based on these 14 factors:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/admissions/general_info/uc_reviews/freshman_app.html |title=Comprehensive Review Factors for Freshman Applicants. |accessdate=2009-07-09}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref>
#Academic grade point average in all completed "a-g" courses, including additional points for completed University-certified honors courses.
# Scores on the ACT Assessment plus Writing or SAT Reasoning Test, and two SAT Subject Tests.
# Number of, content of and performance in academic courses beyond the minimum "a-g" requirements
# Number of and performance in University-approved honors courses and Advanced Placement, International Baccalaureate and transferable college courses.
# Identification by UC as being ranked in the top 4 percent of the student's high school class at the end of his or her junior year ("eligible in the local context" or ELC).
# Quality of the student's senior-year program, as measured by the type and number of academic courses in progress or planned.
# Quality of the student's academic performance relative to the educational opportunities available in his or her high school.
# Outstanding performance in one or more academic subject areas.
# Outstanding work in one or more special projects in any academic field of study.
# Recent, marked improvement in academic performance, as demonstrated by academic GPA and the quality of coursework completed or in progress.
# Special talents, achievements and awards in a particular field, such as visual and performing arts, communication or athletic endeavors; special skills, such as demonstrated written and oral proficiency in other languages; special interests, such as intensive study and exploration of other cultures; experiences that demonstrate unusual promise for leadership, such as significant community service or significant participation in student government; or other significant experiences or achievements that demonstrate the student's promise for contributing to the intellectual vitality of a campus.
# Completion of special projects undertaken in the context of the student's high school curriculum or in conjunction with special school events, projects or programs.
# Academic accomplishments in light of the student's life experiences and special circumstances.
# Location of the student's secondary school and residence.

The process for determining admissions varies. At some campuses, such as [[UC Santa Barbara|Santa Barbara]], [[UC San Diego|San Diego]], and [[UC Santa Cruz|Santa Cruz]], a point system is used to weight [[Grade (education)|grade point average]], [[SAT]] Reasoning or [[ACT (examination)|ACT]] scores, and SAT Subject scores, while at [[UC Davis|Davis]], [[UC Berkeley|Berkeley]], [[UC Irvine|Irvine]], and [[UCLA|Los Angeles]], academic achievement is examined in the context of the school and the surrounding community.

[[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|Race]], [[gender]], [[nationality|national origin]], and [[Ethnic group|ethnicity]] have not been used as UC admission criteria since the passing of [[California Proposition 209 (1996)|Proposition 209]]. However, this information is collected for statistical purposes.

===Eligibility in the Local Context===
Eligibility in the Local Context, commonly referred to as ELC, is met by applicants ranked in the top 4% (9% as of 2011) of their high school class in terms of performance on an 11-unit pattern of UC-approved high school courses. Beginning with fall 2007 applicants, ELC also requires a UC-calculated GPA of at least 3.0. Fully eligible ELC students are guaranteed a spot at one of UC's undergraduate campuses, though not necessarily at their first-choice campus or even to a campus to which they applied.<ref name="ELC"/>

===Early Academic Outreach Program (EAOP)===
''See [[EAOP]]''
The '''Early Academic Outreach Program (EAOP)''' was established in 1976 by the University of California (UC) in response to the [[California State Legislature|State Legislature's]] recommendation to expand post-secondary opportunities to all of California’s students including those who are first-generation, socioeconomically disadvantaged, and English-language learners.<ref>University of California EAOP, 2003 in Review. University of California, 2009-10 Budget for Current Operations Budget Detail, as Presented to the Regents for Approval.</ref> As UC's largest academic preparation program, EAOP assists middle and high school students with academic preparation, admissions requirements, and financial aid requirements for higher education.<ref>University of California, 2009-10 Budget for Current Operations Budget Detail, as Presented to the Regents for Approval. University of California Office of the President, A Report to the Governor and Legislature on Student Academic Preparation and Educational Partnerships for the 2006-07 Academic Year (April 2008).</ref> The program designs and provides services to foster students’ academic development, and delivers those services in partnership with other academic preparation programs, schools, other higher education institutions and community/industry partners.<ref>[http://www.eaop.org EAOP]</ref>

===Enrolled freshman profile (fall 2012)===
Data from the universities' published figures.<ref>[http://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/campuses/index.html Campuses | UC Admissions]</ref><ref>[http://www.oir.uci.edu/enr/IIB09-new-enr-by-ca-residency-2008-2012.pdf ]{{dead link|date=August 2013}}</ref><ref>[http://www.aim.ucla.edu/admissions/admissions_GPA_FR.asp ]{{dead link|date=July 2013}}</ref><ref>[http://www.admissions.ucla.edu/Prospect/Adm_fr/Frosh_Prof12.htm Profile of Admitted Freshmen, Fall 2012 - UCLA Undergraduate Admissions]</ref><ref>http://ipa.ucmerced.edu/docs/Applicants/Admit%20and%20Yield%20Rates%20by%20Student%20Type.pdf</ref><ref>http://ipa.ucmerced.edu/docs/First-Time%20Freshmen/First-Time%20Freshmen%20High%20School%20GPA.pdf</ref><ref>http://ipa.ucmerced.edu/docs/First-Time%20Freshmen/First-Time%20Freshmen%20Geographic%20Origin.pdf</ref><ref>[http://sara.ucr.edu/studentprofiles/ProfileNewFreshmen.html Strategic Academic Research & Analysis: Student Profiles]</ref><ref>http://studentresearch.ucsd.edu/sriweb/enroll/ffapadac.pdf</ref><ref>http://studentresearch.ucsd.edu/sriweb/enroll/ap.pdf</ref><ref>http://studentresearch.ucsd.edu/sriweb/enroll/ffhome.pdf</ref><ref>http://bap.ucsb.edu/IR/New_Stud_Prof/Profile,%20Frosh2012-3rdWeek.pdf</ref><ref>http://planning.ucsc.edu/irps/StudentCharacteristics/2012-13/SAT_scores_of_New_Frosh_by_Gender.pdf</ref><ref>http://planning.ucsc.edu/irps/StudentCharacteristics/2012-13/HS_GPA_and_Transfer_GPA_of_New_Frosh_and_Transfers_by_Gender.pdf</ref><ref>http://planning.ucsc.edu/irps/StudentCharacteristics/2012-13/UG_and_G_Students_by_FT_PT_and_Residency_Status.pdf</ref><ref>http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/cds/2012-2013.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.sariweb.ucdavis.edu/commondataset/cds20122013.pdf</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Campus
!Applicants
!Admits
!Admit rate
!GPA
!ACT
!SAT reading
!SAT math
!SAT writing
!SAT composite (out of 2400)
!California{{Break}}residents
|-
|[[UC Berkeley]]
|61,731
|11,130
|21.0%
|3.84
|N/A
|N/A
|N/A
|N/A
|N/A
|71.3%
|-
|[[UC Davis]]
|49,333
|22,521
|45.4%
|3.96
|28
|611
|658
|632
|1901
|83.5%
|-
|[[UC Irvine]]
|56,525
|23,947
|42.4%
|3.89
|27
|540
|602
|554
|1696
|85.1%
|-
|[[UCLA]]
|72,697
|15,982
|22.0%
|4.21
|28
|619
|650
|640
|1910
|71.2%
|-
|[[UC Merced]]
|14,056
|10,614
|75.5%
|3.47
|23
|525
|559
|533
|1617
|99.5%
|-
|[[UC Riverside]]
|30,395
|19,062
|62.7%
|3.58
|25
|525
|566
|536
|1627
|98.1%
|-
|[[UC San Diego]]
|60,805
|22,963
|37.8%
|4.00
|29
|N/A
|N/A
|630
|1908
|75.5%
|-
|[[UC Santa Barbara]]
|54,832
|24,134
|44.0%
|3.91
|28
|601
|633
|617
|1852
|89.3%
|-
|[[UC Santa Cruz]]
|33,148
|20,142
|60.8%
|3.59
|26
|544
|563
|548
|1639
|95.9%
|-
|System-wide
|434,033
|172,680
|39.7%
|3.87
|27
|604
|645
|622
|1837
|79.3%
|}

==Athletics==
:''For each campus's athletics teams, see: [[#Campuses and rankings]] (above), at Columns 6 (nickname) and 11 (Athletics)''

==Peripheral enterprises==
The University of California has a long tradition of involvement in many enterprises that are often geographically or organizationally separate from its general campuses, including national laboratories, observatories, hospitals, continuing education programs, hotels, conference centers, an airport, a seaport, and an art institute.

===National laboratories===
[[Image:UC campuses and labs.png|thumb|300px|This map shows the locations of the ten UC campuses and the national laboratories associated with UC. A third national laboratory associated with UC is in [[Los Alamos, New Mexico]].]]
The University of California directly manages and operates one [[United States Department of Energy National Laboratories|United States Department of Energy National Laboratory]]:
* [[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]] (LBNL) ([[Berkeley, California]])

UC is a limited partner in two separate private [[limited liability company|limited liability companies]] that manage and operate two other Department of Energy national laboratories:
* [[Los Alamos National Laboratory]] (LANL) ([[Los Alamos, New Mexico]]) operated by [[Los Alamos National Security]], LLC.
* [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]] (LLNL) ([[Livermore, California]]) operated by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC.

====Laboratory missions====
'''Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory''' conducts unclassified research across a wide range of scientific disciplines with key efforts focused on fundamental studies of the universe, quantitative biology, nanoscience, new energy systems and environmental solutions, and the use of integrated computing as a tool for discovery.

'''Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory''' uses advanced science and technology to ensure that U.S. nuclear weapons remain reliable. LLNL also has major research programs in supercomputing and predictive modeling, energy and environment, bioscience and biotechnology, basic science and applied technology, counter-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and homeland security. It is also home to the most powerful supercomputers in the world.

'''Los Alamos National Laboratory''' focuses most of its work on ensuring the reliability of U.S. nuclear weapons. Other work at LANL involves research programs into preventing the spread of weapons of mass destruction and US national security, such as protection of the US homeland from terrorist attack.

The UC system's ties to the three laboratories have occasionally sparked controversy and protest, because all three laboratories have been intimately linked with the development of [[nuclear weapon]]s. During the [[World War II]] [[Manhattan Project]], Lawrence Berkeley Lab developed the electromagnetic method for separation of uranium isotopes used to develop the first atomic bombs. The Los Alamos and Lawrence Livermore labs have been involved in designing U.S. nuclear weapons from their inception until the shift into [[stockpile stewardship]] after the end of the [[Cold War]].

Historically the two national laboratories in Berkeley and Livermore named after [[Ernest O. Lawrence]], have had very close relationships on research projects, as well as sharing some business operations and staff. In fact, [[LLNL]] was not officially severed administratively from [[LBNL]] until the early 1970s. They also have much deeper ties to the university than the Los Alamos Lab, a fact seen in their respective original names; the University of California Berkeley Radiation Laboratory and the University of California Radiation Laboratory at Livermore.

====Los Alamos and Lawrence Livermore====
The UC system's ties to the labs have so far outlasted all periods of internal controversy. However, in 2003, the U.S Department of Energy for the first time opened the [[Los Alamos National Laboratory]] (LANL) contract for bidding by other vendors. UC entered into a partnership with [[Bechtel Corporation]], [[BWXT]], and the [[Washington Group International]], and together they created a private company called [[Los Alamos National Security, LLC]] (LANS). The only other bidder on the LANL contract was a [[Lockheed Martin]] Corporation-created company that included, among others, the [[University of Texas System]]. In December 2005, a seven-year contract to manage the laboratory was awarded to the Los Alamos National Security, LLC.<ref>{{cite news
| last=Broad | first=William J.| url=http://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/22/national/22alamos.html |title=California Is Surprise Winner in Bid to Run Los Alamos | work=New York Times | date=22 December 2005 | accessdate=2008-02-10}}</ref>

On June 1, 2006, the University of California ended its direct involvement in operating Los Alamos National Laboratory. Management of the laboratory was taken over by [[Los Alamos National Security, LLC]]. Approximately 95% of the former 10,000 UC employees at LANL were rehired by LANS to continue working at LANL.

On October 1, 2007, the University of California ended its direct involvement in operating the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Management of the laboratory was taken over by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, a limited liability company whose members are Bechtel National, the University of California, Babcock and Wilcox, the Washington Division of URS Corporation, Battelle Memorial Institute, and The Texas A&M University System.

Other than UC appointing three members to the two separate board of directors (each with eleven members) that oversee LANS and LLNS, UC now has virtually no responsibility for or direct involvement in either LANL or LLNL. UC policies and regulations that apply to UC campuses and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California no longer apply to LANL and LLNL, and the LANL and LLNL directors no longer report to the UC Regents or UC Office of the President.

===High-performance networking===
The University of California is a founding and charter member of the [[Corporation for Education Network Initiatives in California]], a nonprofit organization that provides high-performance Internet-based networking to California's K-20 research and education community.

===Other national research centers===
The University of California also works with the [[NASA Ames Research Center]] at [[Moffett Federal Airfield]] in California. In September 2003, a ten-year contract valued at more than $330 million was awarded to UC to establish and operate a University Affiliated Research Center (UARC)—the largest grant ever awarded the University. [[UC Santa Cruz]] manages the UARC for the University of California, with the goal of increasing the science output, safety, and effectiveness of [[NASA]]'s missions through new technologies and scientific techniques. Since 2002, the [[National Science Foundation|NSF]]-funded [[San Diego Supercomputer Center]] at [[UC San Diego]] has been managed by the University of California, which took over from the previous manager, [[General Atomics]].

===Observatories===
The University of California manages two [[Observatory|observatories]] as a multi-campus research unit headquartered at [[UC Santa Cruz]].
*[[Lick Observatory]] atop [[Mount Hamilton (California)|Mount Hamilton]], in the [[Diablo Range]] just east of [[San Jose, California|San Jose]].
*[[Keck Observatory]] at the 4,145 meter (13,600 ft) summit of [[Mauna Kea]] in [[Hawai'i]].

The Astronomy Department at the [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]] campus manages the [[Hat Creek Radio Observatory]] in [[Shasta County, California|Shasta County]].

{{multiple image
| direction = vertical
| width = 150
| image1 = UC Davis Medical Center.jpg
| alt1 = UC Davis Medical Center
| caption1 = UC Davis Medical Center
| image2 = ucirvinemedicalcenter.jpg
| alt2 = UC Irvine Medical Center
| caption2 = UC Irvine Medical Center
| image3 = UCLA Reagan Medical Center.JPG
| alt3 = UCLA Ronald Reagan Medical Center
| caption3 = UCLA Ronald Reagan Medical Center
| image4 = UCSD Medical Center Hillcrest.jpg
| alt4 = UCSD Medical Center
| caption4 = UCSD Medical Center
| image5 = UCSF Medical Center and Sutro Tower in 2008.jpg
| alt5 = UCSF Medical Center
| caption5 = UCSF Medical Center
}}

===Medical centers and schools===

The University of California operates five medical centers throughout the state:

* [[UC Davis Medical Center]], in [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]];
* [[UC Irvine Medical Center]], in [[Orange, California|Orange]];
* UCLA Medical Center, comprising two distinct hospitals:
**[[Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center]], in Los Angeles;
**[[Santa Monica – UCLA Medical Center]], in [[Santa Monica, California|Santa Monica]].
* [[UCSD Medical Center]], in San Diego; and
* [[UCSF Medical Center]], in San Francisco.

Each medical center serves as the primary [[teaching hospital|teaching site]] for that campus's [[medical school]]. UCSF is perennially among the top five programs in both research and primary care, and both UCLA and UCSD consistently rank among the top fifteen research schools, according to annual rankings published by ''[[U.S. News and World Report]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-medical-schools |title=2013 Best Medical Schools |year=2012 |work=[[U.S. News and World Report]] |accessdate=August 19, 2012}}</ref> The teaching hospitals affiliated with each school are also highly regarded—both [[UCLA Medical Center|UCLA]] and [[UCSF Medical Center|UCSF's]] medical centers are in ''U.S. News and World Report'''s 2010–11 Honor Roll for Best Hospitals in the United States.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://health.usnews.com/health-news/best-hospitals/articles/2010/07/14/best-hospitals-2010-11-the-honor-roll.html |title=U.S. News Best Hospitals 2012-13: the Honor Roll |last1=Comarow |first1=Avery |date=July 16, 2012 |work=[[U.S. News and World Report]] |accessdate=August 19, 2012}}</ref> UC also has a sixth medical school—[[UC Riverside School of Medicine]], the only one in the UC system without its own hospital.

In the latter half of the 20th century, the UC hospitals became the core of full-fledged regional health systems; they were gradually supplemented by many outpatient clinics, offices, and institutes. Three UC hospitals are actually county hospitals that were sold to UC, which means that UC currently plays a major role in providing healthcare to the indigent. The medical hospitals operated by UC Irvine (acquired in 1976), UC Davis (acquired in 1978), and UC San Diego (acquired in 1984), each began as the respective county hospitals of [[Orange County, California|Orange County]], [[Sacramento County, California|Sacramento County]], and [[San Diego County, California|San Diego County]].

There are two medical centers that bear the UCLA name, but are not operated by UCLA: [[Harbor–UCLA Medical Center]] and [[Olive View – UCLA Medical Center]]. They are actually [[Los Angeles County, California|Los Angeles County]]-operated facilities that UCLA uses as [[teaching hospital]]s.

===UC Extension===
For over a century, the University has operated a continuing education program for working adults and professionals. At present, UC Extension enrolls over 500,000 students each year in over 17,000 courses. One of the reasons for its large size is that UC Extension is a dominant provider of [[Continuing Legal Education]] and [[Continuing Medical Education]] in California. For example, the systemwide portion of UC Extension (directly controlled by the UC Office of the President) operates Continuing Education of the Bar under a joint venture agreement with the [[State Bar of California]].

===UC Agriculture and Natural Resources===
The University of California division of Agriculture and Natural Resources plays an important role in the State's agriculture industry, as mandated by the UC's legacy as a land-grant institution. In addition to conducting agriculture and [[youth development]] research, every county in the state has a field office with county farm advisors. The county offices also support [[4-H]] programs and have nutrition, family and consumer sciences advisors who assist local government. Currently, the division's University of California 4-H Youth Development Program<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ca4h.org/ |title=University of California 4-H Youth Development Program |publisher=Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California |accessdate=August 19, 2012}}</ref> is a national leader in studying [[thriving]] in the field of [[youth development]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2012}}

===UC Natural Reserve System===
The [[University of California Natural Reserve System|NRS]] was established in January 1965 to provide UC faculty with large areas of land where they could conduct long-term ecosystem research without having to worry about outside disturbances like tourists. Today, the NRS manages 35 reserves that total more than {{convert|130000|acre|km2}}.

===Travel and conference facilities===
* UC Berkeley's Cal Alumni Association operates travel excursions for alumni (and their families) under its "Cal Discoveries Travel" brand (formerly BearTreks); many of the tour guides are Berkeley professors. CAA also operates the oldest and largest alumni association-run family camp in the world, the Lair of the Golden Bear. Located at an altitude of 5600 feet in [[Pinecrest, Tuolumne County, California|Pinecrest, California]], the Lair is a home-away-from-home for almost 10,000 campers annually. Its attendees are largely Cal alumni and their families, but the Lair is open to everyone.
* UCLA operates both its own on-campus [[hotel]], the UCLA Guest House, and a lavish conference center at [[Lake Arrowhead, California|Lake Arrowhead]]. During the summer, the conference center hosts the Bruin Woods vacation programs for UCLA alumni and their families.
* UC Santa Cruz leased the University Inn and Conference Center in downtown Santa Cruz from 2001 to 2011 for use as off-campus student housing.
* The UC system's Education Abroad program operates two mini-campuses that support UC students, faculty, and alumni overseas: California House in [[London]] and La Casa de la Universidad de California in [[Mexico City]]. UC Center Sacramento supports students [[Internship|interning]] with the [[Government of California|California state government]]. None of these facilities have on-site housing, but there is also a [[University of California, Washington Center|UC Washington Center]] in [[Washington, D.C.]] with a dormitory for students interning with the [[Federal government of the United States|federal government]].

===University Airport===
[[UC Davis]] operates the [[University Airport]] as a utility airport for [[air shuttle]] service in the contractual transportation of university employees and agricultural samples. It is also a public general aviation airport. University Airport's ICAO identifier is KEDU.

===Seaport===
[[UC San Diego]]'s [[Scripps Institution of Oceanography]] owns a seaport, the Nimitz Marine Facility, which is just south of Shelter Island on [[Point Loma]], San Diego. The port is used as an operating base for all of its oceanographic vessels and platforms.

===Other affiliated institutions===
*[[University of California, Hastings College of the Law]]
*[[Kearney Research and Extension Center]]
*[[UC Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation]] [http://igcc.ucsd.edu/]

==See also==
{{Portal|California|San Francisco Bay Area|University}}
*[[Colleges and universities]]
*[[University of California Police Department]]
*[[University of California Press]]
*[[University of California Students Association]]
*[[African Black Coalition]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==Further reading==
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=California, University of}}
* Parrish, Will; Darwin Bond-Graham (1 March 2010). [http://www.counterpunch.org/parrish03012010.html "Who Runs the University of California?"] ''[[CounterPunch]]''.
* {{cite book | last=Stadtman | first=Verne A. | coauthors= | title=The University of California 1868–1968 | location=New York | publisher=McGraw-Hill Book Co. | year=1970 | isbn=}}
* {{cite book | last=Stadtman | first=Verne A. | title=A Centennial Publication of the University of California | location=New York | publisher=McGraw-Hill Book Co. | year=1970 | isbn=}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|University of California}}
* [http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/ Official Website]
* [http://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/ds/ucb/images/ Images of manuscripts held in the library of the University]
* [http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=hb4v19n9zb;NAAN=13030&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=div00014&toc.id=div00002&brand=calisphere Chronology of the University of California]

{{UCPresidents}}
{{University of California}}
{{International Forum of Public Universities}}
{{Public Ivy}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:University Of California}}
[[Category:1868 establishments in California]]
[[Category:Association of Public and Land-Grant Universities]]
[[Category:Education in California|University of California system]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1868|California, University of]]
[[Category:Public university systems in the United States|California, University of]]
[[Category:Schools accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in California]]
[[Category:University of California|*]]

University of California, Irvine

2013-11-20T01:28:10Z

Casecrer:

{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2012}}
{{Infobox University
| name = University of California, Irvine
| motto = ''[[Fiat lux]]'' ([[Latin]])
| mottoeng = ''[[Let there be light]]''
| image_name = [[File:The University of California Irvine.svg|200px|alt=Logo: The Seal of the University of California, Irvine (UC Irvine)]]
|image_size=
|caption = [[Seal (device)|Seal]] of the University of California, Irvine
| image_size = 180px
| established = 1965
| type = [[Public university|Public]], [[Land-grant college|Land]], [[Space grant colleges|Space Granted]] [[research university|Research University]]
| calendar = Quarter
| endowment = $293.2 million <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/_files/report/UC_Annual_Endowment_Report_FY2011-2012.pdf |title=UC Annual Endowment Report, Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012; p.4 |accessdate=2013-01-07 |publisher=Office of the Treasurer of the Regents of the University of California|format=PDF}}</ref>
| staff =
| faculty = 2,685
| chancellor = [[Michael V. Drake]]
| provost = Howard Gillman<ref name="UC Irvine News">{{cite web|title=UC Irvine names Howard Gillman provost and executive vice chancellor|url=http://news.uci.edu/features/uc-irvine-names-howard-gillman-provost-and-executive-vice-chancellor/|publisher=University of California, Irvine|accessdate=24 May 2013}}</ref>
| students = 28,184 [2012 Fall]<ref name="Campus Facts"/><ref name="oir.uci.edu">http://www.oir.uci.edu/enr/IIA22-total-enr.pdf?R=808982</ref>
| undergrad = 22,216 [2012 Fall]<ref name="oir.uci.edu"/>
| postgrad = 2,248 [2012 Fall]<ref name="oir.uci.edu"/>
| doctoral = 3,720 [2012 Fall]
| city = [[Irvine, California|Irvine]]
| state = California
| country = United States
| coor = {{coord|33|38|43.26|N|117|50|33.51|W|display=inline,title}}
| campus = [[Suburb]]an {{convert|1526|acre|ha}}<ref name="Campus Facts">.{{cite web|url=http://finreports.universityofcalifornia.edu/index.php?file=10-11/pdf/fullreport_1011.pdf |format=PDF |title=UC Financial Reports – Campus Facts in Brief |year=2010-11 |publisher=University of California |accessdate=November 17, 2012}}</ref>
| free_label = [[Nobel Laureates]]
| free = 4<ref>[[List of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of California, Irvine]] ''List of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of California, Irvine''</ref>
| colors = Blue and gold {{color strip|border-color=black|border-style=dotted|border=1|#002469|#FAE051}}<ref name=ucicolors>{{cite web|title=Colors|url=http://www.uci.edu/graphic_identity/colors.php|accessdate=July 11, 2011}}</ref>
| nickname = [[UC Irvine Anteaters|Anteaters]]
| mascot = Peter the Anteater
| fightsong = ''Anteaters Go!'' ''The Big C''
| athletics = 18 Varsity Teams [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] [[Division I (NCAA)|Division I]]
| affiliations = [[Public Ivy]] [[University of California]] [[Association of American Universities]] [[Big West Conference]] [[Mountain Pacific Sports Federation]] [[Association of Pacific Rim Universities]]
| free_label = Newspaper
| free = [[New University (newspaper)|New University]]
| former_names =
| website = [http://www.uci.edu www.uci.edu]
| address = University of California, Irvine: Main Campus University of California, Irvine Irvine, CA 92697 (949) 824-5011
| logo = [[File:Ucirvine logo.png|150px]]
}}

The '''University of California, Irvine''' ('''UCI''', '''UC Irvine''', or '''Irvine''') is a [[Public university|public]] [[research university]] located in [[Irvine, California]] and one of the 10 general campuses in the [[University of California]] (UC) [[University system|system]]. UCI's [[Orange County, California|Orange County]] campus is the fifth-largest in the [[University of California|UC]] system, with over 28,000 students, 1,100 faculty members and 9,000 staff.

UC Irvine is considered a [[Public Ivy]] and offers 80 undergraduate degrees and 98 graduate and professional degrees. The university is designated as having [[List of research universities in the United States|very high research activity]] in the [[Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education]], and in 2009 had $325.49 million in [[research and development]] expenditures according to the National Science Foundation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/nsf11313/pdf/tab27.pdf |format=PDF |title=TABLE 27. R&D expenditures at universities and colleges, ranked by FY 2009 R&D expenditures: FY 2002–09 |publisher=National Science Foundation |year=2009}}</ref> UC Irvine became a member of the [[Association of American Universities]] in [[1996]], and is the youngest university to hold membership.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aau.edu/about/article.aspx?id=5476 |title=Member Institutions and Years of Admission |year=2011|publisher=Association of American Universities}}</ref> The university also administers the [[UC Irvine Medical Center]], a large [[teaching hospital]]; the [[UC Irvine Health Sciences]] system in the [[Orange, California|City of Orange]]; the [[University of California, Irvine, Arboretum]]; and a portion of the [[University of California Natural Reserve System]].

UCI was one of three new [[University of California|UC]] campuses established in the [[1960s]] to accommodate growing enrollments across the [[University of California|UC]] system. A site in [[Orange County, California|Orange County]] was identified in [[1959]], and in the following year [[the Irvine Company]] sold the [[University of California]] {{convert|1000|acres|ha}} of land [[Nominal consideration|for one dollar]] to establish the new campus. President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] dedicated the campus in 1964.<ref>[https://secure.flickr.com/photos/ocarchives/2882120545/ President Lyndon Johnson at the groundbreaking for the University of California, Irvine, 1964]. Orange County Archives' C.M. Featherly Collection.</ref>

The [[UC Irvine Anteaters]] compete in 18 men's and women's sports in the [[Division I (NCAA)|NCAA Division I]] as members of the [[Big West Conference]] and the [[Mountain Pacific Sports Federation]]. Since 1969, the university has won 28 national team championships in nine different sports and has had 63 individual national champions.

== History ==

=== Early years ===
The University of California, Irvine was one of three new campuses established in the 1960s under the [[California Master Plan for Higher Education]] with the [[University of California, San Diego|San Diego]] and [[University of California, Santa Cruz|Santa Cruz]] campuses.<ref>{{cite conference| last=Olin| first=Spencer C.| year=2005| title=Designing UC Irvine| booktitle=Designing UCI| editor=Jackie M. Dooley (ed.)| pages=3–12| publisher=The UC Irvine Libraries| location=Irvine, CA}}</ref> During the 1950s, the [[University of California]] saw the need for the new campuses to handle both the large number of college-bound World War II veterans (largely due to the [[G. I. Bill of Rights|G. I. Bill]]) and the expected increase in enrollment from the [[Post-World War II baby boom|post-war baby boom]]. One of the new campuses was to be in the Los Angeles area; the location selected was Irvine Ranch, an area of agricultural land bisecting [[Orange County, California|Orange County]] from north to south. This site was chosen to accommodate the county's growing population, complement the growth of nearby [[UCLA]] and [[UC Riverside]], and allow for the construction of a master planned community in the surrounding area.<ref name="site selection">{{cite web | title=Anteater Chronicles: Site Selection | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine Library | url=http://www.lib.uci.edu/ucihistory/index.php?page=early_years&function=selection }} {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref>
[[File:UCISign.jpg|thumb|One of two identical UCI signs that face the main campus' western entrance.]]
Unlike most other University of California campuses, UCI was not named for the city it was built in; at the time of the university's founding (1965), the current city of [[Irvine, CA|Irvine]] (established in 1975) did not exist. The name "Irvine" is a reference to [[James Irvine (landowner)|James Irvine]], a landowner who administered the {{convert|94000|acre|ha|sing=on}} Irvine Ranch. In 1960, [[The Irvine Company]] sold {{convert|1000|acre|ha}} of the Irvine Ranch to the University of California for one dollar, since a company policy prohibited the donation of property to a public entity.<ref name="site selection" /> The University purchased an additional {{convert|510|acre|ha}} in 1964 for housing and commercial developments. Much of the land that was not purchased by UCI (which is now occupied by the cities of Irvine, [[Tustin, California|Tustin]], [[Newport Beach, California|Newport Beach]], and [[Newport Coast, Newport Beach, California|Newport Coast]]) is now held under [[The Irvine Company]]. During this time, the University also hired [[William Pereira]] and Associates as the Master Planner of the Irvine Ranch area. Pereira intended for the UC Irvine campus to complement the neighboring community, and the two grew in tandem. Soon after UC Irvine opened in 1965, the City of Irvine became incorporated and established in 1971 and 1975, respectively.<ref name="site selection" />

UC Irvine's first Chancellor, [[Daniel G. Aldrich]], developed the campus' first academic plan around a College of Arts, Letters, and Science, a Graduate School of Administration, and a School of Engineering. The College of Arts, Letters, and Science was composed of twenty majors in five "Divisions": Biological Sciences, Fine Arts, Humanities, Physical Sciences, and Social Sciences (which transformed into the present-day "Schools").<ref>{{cite web | title=Anteater Chronicles: Academic Programs | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine Library | url=http://www.lib.uci.edu/ucihistory/index.php?page=academic }} {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref> Aldrich was also responsible for implementing the wide variety of flora and fauna on the campus that fit the local Mediterranean climate zone, feeling that it served an "aesthetic, environmental, and educational [purpose]."<ref>{{cite web | title=Anteater Chronicles: Landscaping | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine Library | url=http://www.lib.uci.edu/ucihistory/index.php?page=architecture&function=landscaping }} {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref>

[[File:LyndonBJohnsonUCIrvineGroundbreaking1964.jpg|thumb|right|President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] at the university's groundbreaking ceremony in June 1964]]
On June 20, 1964, U.S. President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] dedicated UC Irvine before a crowd of 15,000 people, and on October 4, 1965 the campus began operations with 1,589 students, 241 staff members, 119 faculty, and 43 teaching assistants.<ref>{{cite web | title=Anteater Chronicles: Site Dedication | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine Library | url=http://www.lib.uci.edu/ucihistory/index.php?page=early_years&function=dedication }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Anteater Chronicles: First Day of Classes | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine Library | url=http://www.lib.uci.edu/ucihistory/index.php?page=early_years&function=firstday }}</ref> However, many of UCI's buildings were still under construction and landscaping was still in progress, with the campus only at 75% completion.<ref name="lib">{{cite web | title=Anteater Chronicles: Maps | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine Library|url=http://www.lib.uci.edu/ucihistory/index.php?page=maps }} {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref> By June 25, 1966, UCI held its first Commencement with fourteen students, which conferred ten Bachelors of Arts, three Masters of Arts, and one Doctor of Philosophy degree.<ref>{{cite web | title=Anteater Chronicles: First Graduating Class | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine Library | url=http://www.lib.uci.edu/ucihistory/index.php?page=early_years&function=firstgrad }} {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref>

In 1965 the [[California College of Medicine]] (originally a [[Osteopathic medicine in the United States|school of osteopathy]] founded in 1896 and the oldest continuously operating medical college in the [[southwestern United States|Southwest]]) became part of UC Irvine.<ref>[http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt5p3026p3/ Guide to the California College of Medicine Records] (AS-027), [[Online Archive of California]].</ref><ref name="som.uci.edu">[http://www.som.uci.edu/historicalTimeline.asp UC Irvine School of Medicine Historical Timeline]. UC Irvine School of Medicine.</ref>

In 1976, plans to establish an on-campus hospital were set aside, with the university instead purchasing the Orange County Medical Center (renamed the UC Irvine Medical Center) around 12 miles from UC Irvine, in the City of Orange.<ref name="som.uci.edu"/>

=== Present day ===
As the largest employer in [[Orange County, California|Orange County]], UCI contributes an annual economic impact of $4.2 billion with an operating budget of almost $1.9 billion for 2008 including $328 million in extramural research funding.<ref>{{cite web | title=Today@UCI: Facts & Figures | year=2009 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://today.uci.edu/pdf/UCI_09_Facts_and_Figures.pdf }}</ref> Numerous other educational and training opportunities are offered in numerous areas ranging from physician residency programs at UC Irvine's Medical Center to community certificate programs and other coursework through University Extension.

In 2011-2012, UC Irvine awarded 8,443 degrees: 6,766 [[bachelor's degrees]] 1,105 [[Master's degrees]], 413 [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]]s and [[Doctor of Education|Ed.D.]]s, 102 [[Doctor of Medicine|M.D.s]], and 57 [[Juris Doctor|J.D.s]].<ref>{{cite web | title=University of California – 2013 Campus Data| year=2013| publisher=University of California | url=http://www.uci.edu/facts/campus-data.php}}</ref>

=== Future growth ===
As a part of its long-term efforts to "attain flagship status,"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.evc.uci.edu/planning/charge.html|title=Chancellor's Advisory Council Charge to the Strategic Planning Committees|year=2006|author=Chancellor's Advisory Council|accessdate=October 22, 2006|publisher=University of California, Irvine}}</ref> UC Irvine has implemented construction projects (estimated to cost $1.3 billion over the next decade) that will accelerate the campus build-out and employ the remainder of the university's land grant.<ref>{{cite web | title=Design and Construction Services, UC Irvine | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://www.designandconstruction.uci.edu/ }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Design and Construction Services | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://www.designandconstruction.uci.edu/documents/Capital_Projects.pdf |format=PDF}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title= UC Irvine Campus and Environmental Planning | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://www.ceplanning.uci.edu/lrdpmap.html }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Orange County Register | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://www.ocregister.com/ocregister/healthscience/scienceenvironment/uciexpansion/article_1212008.php }}</ref> The exponential increase in construction activity is a part of the ''Strategy for Academic Development at UCI through 2015'', a master plan that outlines the vision of making UCI a first-choice university for college applicants nationwide.<ref name="evc.uci.edu">{{cite web | title=UC Irvine: Executive Vice Chancellor and Provost | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://www.evc.uci.edu/planning/index.html }}</ref> This increase also spawned a popular [[backronym]] of UCI: "Under Construction Indefinitely."<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.lib.uci.edu/libraries/exhibits/images/checklist_ucihistory.pdf | title = Under Construction Indefinitely: Forty Years of Designing UCI | year = 2005 | publisher = UC Irvine Libraries |format=PDF}}</ref>

== Campus ==
[[File:Campus of the University of California, Irvine (aerial view, circa 2006).jpg|thumb|UCI's core campus and surrounding areas. Aldrich Park is in the center.]]
The layout of the core campus resembles a rough circle with its center being Aldrich Park (initially known as Central Park), lined up by the Ring Mall and buildings surrounding the road. To further emphasize the layout, academic units are positioned relative to the center, wherein undergraduate schools are closer to the center than the graduate schools.<ref>{{cite web | title=Anteater Trivia | publisher=UCI Office of Admissions and Relations with Students | url=http://www.admissions.uci.edu/anteater_trivia.html | accessdate=2006}}</ref>

Aldrich Park is planted with over 11,120 trees (there are over 24,000 trees on the entire campus), including 33 species of eucalyptus. Two ceremonial trees were planted in 1990, one for Arbor Day and the second for former chancellor Daniel Aldrich who had died that year. On the first anniversary of the September 11th tragedies, the chancellor planted a bay laurel tree in remembrance of the heroes and victims of the events of September 11, 2001. The tree itself was a gift from the UCI Staff Assembly. Aldrich Park is the site for “Wayzgoose,” a medieval student festival held each year in conjunction with the “Celebrate UCI” open house. It also hosts many extracurricular activities.

Ring Mall is the main pedestrian road used by students and faculty to travel around the core campus. The road measures up to a perfect mile and completely encircles Aldrich Park.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.newstudents.uci.edu/?p=12 | title= New Students: Definitions | publisher = University of California Irvine}}</ref> Most schools and libraries are lined up by this road with each of these schools having their own central plaza which also connects to the Aldrich Park.

Other areas of the university outside of the core campus such as the School of Arts are connected by four pedestrian bridges. Beyond the core campus and the bridges, the layout of the campus is more suburban.
{{wide image|Uci-park-pano.jpg|1090px|<center>''Panoramic view of Aldrich Park.''</center>}}

=== Surroundings ===
{{see also| UCI Medical Center| University of California, Irvine, Arboretum| University of California Natural Reserve System}}
[[File:UCI Anteater sand sculpture.jpg|thumb|right|Anteater sand sculpture.]]
UCI is close to beaches, mountains, and the attractions of Southern California. Although the campus is located in the city of [[Irvine, California|Irvine]], it is located very close to the city of [[Newport Beach]]. In fact, the campus itself is directly bounded by the city of Newport Beach and [[Newport Coast]] on many sides. The western side of the campus borders the [[San Joaquin Freshwater Marsh Reserve]], through which Campus Drive connects UCI to the [[Interstate 405 (California)|405 freeway]]. The northern and eastern sides of UCI are adjacent to Irvine proper; the eastern side of the campus is delineated by Bonita Canyon Road, which turns into Culver Drive at its northern terminus and offers links to the [[California State Route 73|San Joaquin Hills Toll Road]] and [[Interstate 405 (California)|405 freeway]], respectively. Additionally, UCI's southern boundary is adjacent to the [[California State Route 73|San Joaquin Transportation Corridor]].

There exists a "North Campus" that houses the Facilities Management Department, the Faculty Research Facility, Central Receiving, Fleet Services, the Air Pollution Health Effects Laboratory, and numerous other functions. It is located next to the [[University of California, Irvine, Arboretum|UCI Arboretum]]; both the North Campus and the arboretum are located about {{convert|1|mi|km|0}} from the main campus.

William Pereira's original street layout for the region surrounding the University had a [[Nut (hardware)|wingnut]]-shaped loop road as the main thoroughfare, which twice crossed the campus. However, the [[Irvine Company]]'s development plans expanded before it could be completed, and portions of California, Carlson, Harvard and Turtle Rock roads today constitute segments of what would have been the Loop Road.

Despite the suburban environment, a variety of wildlife inhabits the university's central park, open fields, and wetlands. The university is home to [[bobcat]]s, [[mountain lion]]s, [[hawk]]s, [[golden eagle]]s, [[great blue heron]]s, [[squirrel]]s, [[opossum]]s, [[peregrine falcon]]s, rabbits, [[raccoon]]s, [[owl]]s, [[skunk]]s, [[weasel]]s, [[bat]]s, and [[coyote]]s. The [[University of California, Irvine, Arboretum|UCI Arboretum]] hosts a collection of plants from California and Mediterranean climates around the world. The rabbits in particular are very numerous and can be seen across campus in high numbers, especially during hours of low student traffic.

=== Architecture ===
[[File:kriegerhall.jpg|thumb|[[Murray Krieger]] Hall in the School of Humanities, named after an inspirational professor and an example of the [[Brutalist]] architecture of the campus.]]
The first buildings were designed by a team of architects led by [[William Pereira]] and including [[A. Quincy Jones]] and William Blurock. The initial landscaping, including Aldrich Park, was designed by an association of three firms, including that of the noted urban-landscaping innovator Robert Herrick Carter. Aldrich Park was designed under the direction of landscape architect Gene Uematsu, and was modeled after [[Frederick Law Olmsted]]'s designs for New York City's [[Central Park]]. The campus opened in 1965 with the inner circle and park only half-completed. There were only nine buildings and a dirt road connecting the main campus to the housing units. Only three of the six "spokes" that radiate from the central park were built, with only two buildings each. Pereira was retained by the university to maintain a continuity of style among the buildings constructed in the inner ring around the park, the last of which was completed in 1972. These buildings were designed in a style which combined sweeping curves and expressionistic shapes with elements of classic California architecture such as red tiled roofs and clay-tiled walkways, and distinctive white railings evoking the deck of an ocean liner.<ref>[http://www.lib.uci.edu/ucihistory/index.php?page=architecture&function=pereira William Pereira, Architect]. Anteater Chronicles: The UC Irvine Story. UC Irvine Library.</ref> These buildings featured an innovative structural design that freed the interiors from support columns in order to allow future alterations of their floor plans.

[[File:Engineering,UCI.jpg|thumb|Former Engineering Complex]]
Construction on the campus all but ceased after the Administration building, Aldrich Hall, was completed in 1974, and then resumed in the late 1980s, beginning a massive building boom that still continues today. This second building boom continued the futuristic trend, but emphasized a much more colorful, [[postmodern]] approach that somewhat contradicted the earthy, organic designs of the early buildings. Architects such as [[Frank Gehry]], [[Robert Venturi]], [[Eric Owen Moss]], [[James Stirling (architect)|James Stirling]] and [[Arthur Erickson]] were brought in to bring the campus more up to date. The recession in the early 1990s along with internal politics led to a change in direction, due to the reduced capital budget, and changing attitudes towards architectural innovation at the university. This in turn led to a "contextualist" approach beginning in the late 1990s combining stylistic elements of the first two phases in an attempt to provide an architectural "middle ground" between the two vastly different styles. Gehry's building was recently removed from campus to make way for a new building, with a design that has been called a "big beige box with bands of bricks." In 2009 the Humanities Gateway building, designed by [[Curtis W. Fentress]], was opened. Its curvilinear design marked a return to the sculptural treatment of concrete begun by Pereira.

As of 2005, the campus has more than 200 buildings and encompasses most of the university's {{convert|1525|acre|km2}}.<ref name="lib" /> The campus is in the midst of a $1.1 billion construction campaign.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.ocregister.com/ocregister/healthscience/scienceenvironment/article_1212008.php
|title=UCI undergoing historic expansion
|publisher=[[Orange County Register]]
|date=July 17, 2006
|accessdate=April 6, 2008
|last=Robbins
|first=Gary
}}
</ref>

=== Libraries and study centers ===
{{main|University of California, Irvine campus#Libraries and study centers}}
[[File:UCILibrary.jpg|thumb|right|Langson Library is the main repository for most of UC Irvine's research materials and hosts many study areas. It is one of four central libraries maintained by UC Irvine.]]
[[File:UC Irvine, Science Library.JPG|thumb|[[Francisco J. Ayala]] Science Library]]

{| class="wikitable"
|-
| Jack Langson Library
| Resources for the Arts, Humanities, Education, Social Sciences, Social Ecology, and Business & Management disciplines<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.lib.uci.edu/libraries/langson.html | title = Langson Library | accessdate =December 19, 2007 | publisher = University of California, Irvine Libraries |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071209193719/http://www.lib.uci.edu/libraries/langson.html |archivedate = December 9, 2007}}</ref>
|-
| [[Francisco J. Ayala]] Science Library
| One of the largest consolidated science and medical libraries in the nation. Resources for the schools of Biological Sciences, Engineering, Information and Computer Science, Physical Sciences, portions of Social Ecology, and the College of Medicine<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.lib.uci.edu/libraries/science.html | title = Science Library | accessdate =December 19, 2007 | publisher = University of California, Irvine Libraries |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071119073112/http://www.lib.uci.edu/libraries/science.html |archivedate = November 19, 2007}}</ref>
|-
| Grunigen Medical Library
|Located at [[UCI Medical Center]], contains 43,000 volumes of material<ref name = "medlib">{{cite web |url= http://www.ucihs.uci.edu/intmed/hypertext/hs.html |title = History and Setting of UCI School of Medicine | accessdate =December 19, 2007 | publisher = University of California, Irvine Health Affairs}} {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref>
|-
| Libraries Gateway Study Center
|Located across from the Langson Library.
|-
| Law Library
|Located on the bottom two floors of the Law Building
|}

UCI is noted for having many excellent special collections and archives. In addition to holding a noted [[Critical Theory]] archive and Southeast Asian archive, the Libraries also contain extensive collections in Dance and Performing Arts, Regional History, and more. Additionally, Langson Library hosts an extensive East Asian collection with materials in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean.

Nearly all departments and schools on campus complement the resources of the UC Irvine Libraries by maintaining their own reading rooms and scholarly meeting rooms. They contain small reference collections and are the choice for more intimate lectures, graduate seminars, and study sessions. There is also the large Gateway Study Center located across from Langson Library, one of the university's original buildings and under the custody of UC Irvine Libraries. Having served formerly as a cafeteria and student center, it is now a dual-use computer lab and study area which is open nearly 24 hours.

The UCI Student Center offers a large number of study areas, auditoriums, and two food courts, and therefore is one of the most popular places to study on campus. UC Irvine also has a number of computer labs that serve as study centers. The School of Humanities maintains the Humanities Instructional Resource Center, a drop-in computer lab specializing in language and digital media. Additionally, UCI maintains five other drop-in labs, four instructional computer labs, and a number of reservation-only SmartClassrooms, some of which are open 24 hours. Other popular study areas include Aldrich Park, the Cross-Cultural Center, the Locus (a study room and computer lab used by the Campuswide Honors Program), and plazas located in every school.

=== Tunnels ===
An underground network of tunnels runs between many of the major buildings on campus and the Central Plant, with the major trunk passage located beneath Ring Mall. Smaller tunnels branch off from this main passage to reach individual buildings, carrying electrical and air-conditioning utilities from the Central Plant. These tunnels have been the subject of much campus lore, the most popular story being that the tunnels were constructed to facilitate the safe evacuation of faculty in the event of a student riot. The main tunnel actually appears above ground in the form of an unusually thick bridge near the Engineering Tower, in an area where Ring Mall crosses between two hills.

== Governance ==
Like other [[University of California]] campuses, UC Irvine is governed by a Chancellor who has significant authority over campus academic and planning affairs. The Chancellor, in turn, is nominated by and is responsible to the [[Regents of the University of California]] and the UC President:
* 1962 [[Daniel G. Aldrich]]
* 1984 [[Jack W. Peltason]]
* 1993 Laurel L. Wilkening
* 1998 [[Ralph J. Cicerone]]
* 2005 [[Michael V. Drake]]

After the Chancellor, the second most senior official is the Executive Vice Chancellor and Provost.<ref>{{cite web | title=UC Irvine: Executive Vice Chancellor and Provost | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://www.evc.uci.edu/ }}</ref> He serves as the university's chief academic and operating officer. Every school on campus reports to the Executive Vice Chancellor and Provost through a Dean, and all other academic and administrative units report to his office through a Vice Chancellor or chief administrator. A partial list of these units includes Campus Recreation, Intercollegiate Athletics, Planning and Budget, Student Affairs, UC Irvine Libraries, UC Irvine Medical Center, and University Advancement. The Executive Vice Chancellor and Provost also governs the faculty senate.

== Academics ==
{{main|University of California, Irvine academics}}
[[File:NS2.JPG|thumb|right|Natural Science II, School of Biological Sciences]]
[[File:BS3.JPG|thumb|right|Biological Sciences III, School of Biological Sciences]]
[[File:social sciences.jpg|thumb|right|The School of Social Sciences from Aldrich Park.]]
UC Irvine's academic units are referred to as Schools. There are eight undergraduate Schools, two graduate Schools, one Department, and one field of Interdisciplinary Studies. The most recent academic unit, the College of Health Sciences, was established in 2004.<ref>{{cite web | title=UCI College of Health Sciences | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://www.cohs.uci.edu/about_uci1.shtml }} {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref> On November 16, 2006, the UC Regents approved the establishment of the School of Law, which opened in fall 2009.<ref>{{cite web | title=University of California, Irvine law school approved by UC Regents | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://today.uci.edu/news/release_detail.asp?key=1544 }}</ref> The remaining academic units offer accelerated or community education in the form of Summer Session and UC Irvine Extension. Additionally, UCI's Campuswide Honors Program is implementing an independent study program, which will allow students to develop their own curriculum across Schools and graduate with their own self-created major.

[[File:engineeringtower.jpg|thumb|The Engineering Tower, located in the Henry Samueli School of Engineering, is the tallest building on campus.]]

; Academic units:
* [[Claire Trevor School of the Arts]]
* [[University of California, Irvine School of Biological Sciences|School of Biological Sciences]]
* [[Henry Samueli School of Engineering]]
* College of Health Sciences
* School of Nursing
* School of Humanities
* [[Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences]]
* [[University of California, Irvine School of Physical Sciences|School of Physical Sciences]]
* [[University of California, Irvine School of Social Ecology|School of Social Ecology]]
* [[University of California, Irvine School of Social Sciences|School of Social Sciences]]
* [[University of California, Irvine School of Law|School of Law]]
* [[University of California, Irvine School of Medicine|School of Medicine]]
* [[Paul Merage School of Business]]
* [[University of California, Irvine School of Education|School of Education]]
* Interdisciplinary Studies
* Summer Session
* UC Irvine Extension

=== Research organizations ===
To complement its mission as a research university, UCI hosts a diverse array of nationally and internationally-recognized research organizations.<ref>{{cite web | title=Organized Research Units | url=http://www.research.uci.edu/centers/researchPrograms.cfm?ru_type_cd=ORU | publisher=University of California, Irvine | date=January 3, 2008 | accessdate=November 22, 2008}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> These organizations are either chaired by or composed of UCI faculty, frequently draw upon undergraduates and graduates for research assistance, and produce a multitude of innovations, patents, and scholarly works. Some are housed in a school or department office; others are housed in their own multimillion-dollar facilities. These are a few of the more prolific research organizations at UCI:
* Beckman Laser Institute
* [[California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology]] (Calit2)
* Center for Complex Biological Systems
* Center for Global Peace and Conflict Studies
* Center for Cognitive Neuroscience
* Center for Unconventional Security Affairs
* Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center
* [[UC Irvine Institute of Transportation Studies|Institute of Transportation Studies]]
* National Fuel Cell Research Center
* Reeve-Irvine Research Center
* Center for the Study of Democracy
* Center for Health Policy Research
* W. M. Keck Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry
* Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center
* Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics (IGB)
* Center for Machine Learning and Data Mining (CML)
* University of California Transportation Center (UCTC)<ref>[http://www.edumaritime.com/california-ca/university-of-california-at-irvine-uci-california Institute of Transportation Studies]</ref>

=== Rankings and distinctions ===
{{Infobox US university ranking
| ARWU_N = 31
| ARWU_W = 45
| Forbes = 112
| THES_W = 93
| QS_W = 149
| USNWR_NU = 49
| Wamo_NU = 84

}}
UC Irvine is considered a [[Public Ivy]]. For 2012-2013, ''[[US News & World Report]]'' ranked UC Irvine 44th among national universities and 12th among public universities in the US.<ref>[http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/rankings/national-universities America's Best Colleges 2013]. ''U.S. News & World Report'', 2012. Retrieved July 17, 2012.</ref> In addition, many of UCI's graduate programs consistently receive top-50 rankings from ''US News & World Report'', earning distinction in literary criticism and theory (1), criminology (5), creative writing (6), health care management (9), organic chemistry (11), information systems (11), physical chemistry (12), drama and theater (12), psychology-neurobiology and behavior (12), psychology – cognitive science (16), theoretical chemistry (18), experimental psychology (19), cell biology/developmental biology (21), English (22), sociology (25), business-part-time (25), chemistry (26), computer science (28), aerospace engineering (29), psychology (29), mechanical engineering (30), physics (30), civil engineering (31), biological sciences (34), environmental engineering (34), political science (36), education (37), engineering (39), biomedical engineering (40), economics (42), history (42), mathematics (43), medicine-research (44), materials science engineering (45), psychology and social behavior (47), business (49), and electrical engineering (49).<ref name="today.uci.edu">{{cite news | title=Today@UCI: Quick Facts: Statistics & Reports: UC Irvine Rankings | year=2012 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://today.uci.edu/facts/rankings_distinctions.php }}</ref>

''[[Times Higher Education]]'' in 2012 ranked UC Irvine 4th among the top 100 global universities under 50 years old, and 1st among all US universities under 50 years old.<ref name="Times Higher Education-100 under 50">{{cite web|title=100 under 50|work=http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/Journals/THE/THE/31_May_2012/attachments/THE_100_Under_50_.pdf}}</ref>

In 2013 ''[[Kiplinger]]'' ranked UCI 16th out of the top 100 best-value public colleges and universities in the nation, and 5th in California.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.kiplinger.com/tool/college/T014-S001-kiplinger-s-best-values-in-public-colleges/index.php |work=[[Kiplinger's Personal Finance|Kiplinger]] |title=Kiplinger's Best Values in Public Colleges |date=2013-01-15}}</ref>

According to ''[[The Daily Beast]]'' in 2010, quality of life is what students most value –besides academics– and UCI ranked 16th among “The 100 Happiest Colleges.”<ref name="The 100 Happiest Colleges">{{cite web|title=The 100 Happiest Colleges|work=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2010/04/11/the-100-happiest-colleges.html}}</ref> In April 2013 CBS News MoneyWatch listed UCI as the 11th happiest public university, based on the greatest percentage of freshmen who remain for their sophomore year.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-505145_162-57578749/25-state-universities-with-the-happiest-freshmen | title=25 state universities with the happiest freshmen | last=O'Shaughnessy | first=Lynn | work= [[CBS News]] Moneywatch | date=April 17, 2013 | accessdate=August 11, 2013}}</ref>

==== Notable faculty and Nobel Laureates ====
[[File:Uc irvine8300001.jpg|thumb|[[Frederick Reines]] Hall in the School of Physical Sciences, named after one of three UCI faculty members to receive the [[Nobel prize]].]]
[[File:Calit2, UCI.jpg|thumb|right|[[Calit2]], UCI]]

Three faculty members have been named [[National Medal of Science]] recipients.<ref name = "faculty">{{cite web | url = http://www.evc.uci.edu/planning/plan0106/01.20.06%20Where%20We%20Are%20Now.pdf | title = A Focus on Excellence: A Strategy for Academic Development at the University of California, Irvine 2005–2015: Where We Are Now | accessdate =February 14, 2008 | date = January 20, 2006 | publisher = University of California, Irvine |format=PDF}}</ref> Additionally, three researchers from UCI's faculty received the Nobel Prize during their tenure at UCI: '''[[Frank Sherwood Rowland]]''' ([[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]], 1995), '''[[Frederick Reines]]''' ([[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]], 1995), and '''[[Irwin Rose]]''' ([[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]], 2004). Dr. Rowland's Nobel-winning research was conducted exclusively at UC Irvine, along with fellow prize-winner [[Mario J. Molina]]. Irwin Rose received the Nobel Prize for his work on biological proteins. F. Sherwood Rowland helped to discover the harmful effects of [[Chlorofluorocarbon|CFCs]] on the [[ozone layer]], while Frederick Reines received the Nobel Prize for his work in discovering the [[neutrino]]. UCI is the first public university to have two Nobel laureates (Rowland and Reines) who received their prizes in the same year (1995).

'''[[Thomas Keneally]]''' was a visiting professor at UCI where he taught the graduate fiction workshop for one quarter in 1985. From 1991 to 1995, he was a visiting professor in the writing program at UCI.<ref>{{cite news|last=McClellan|first=Dennis|title=Keneally to Leave UCI for Home|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1994-09-26/news/ls-43251_1_writing-program|accessdate=29 April 2013|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=26 Sept 1994}}</ref> He is most famous for his book [[Schindler's Ark]] (1982) (later republished as ''Schindler's List''), which won the Booker Prize and is the basis of the film [[Schindler's List]] that was directed by [[Steven Spielberg]].

In January 2009, UCI Professor '''Reg Penner''' won the [[Faraday Medal]] for his research with [[nanowires]].<ref>{{cite web |title=UCI chemist awarded Faraday Medal
|publisher=nae.org |date=December 18, 2008 |url=http://www.zotwire.uci.edu/?story=2152 |accessdate=January 31, 2009 }}</ref>

'''Henry W. Sobel''' was awarded the Bruno Pontecorvo Prize in 2009 by the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR)in Dubna, Russia for his work on Neutrino Oscillations.

Evolutionary Biologist '''Francisco Ayala''' received the 2010 Templeton Prize for exceptional contribution to affirming life's spiritual dimension.

===== [[Learned societies]] affiliations:<ref name = "faculty"/>=====
* [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] (39 members)<ref>{{cite web |title=List of Active Member by Class
|publisher=amacad.org |date=December 18, 2008 |url=http://www.amacad.org/pdfs/classSection08.pdf |format=PDF|accessdate=December 23, 2008 }}</ref>
* [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]] (115 members)<ref>{{cite web |title=UCI tops all universities in number of researchers named fellows of leading scientific society |publisher=UCI |date=December 18, 2009 |url=http://www.zotwire.uci.edu/?story=2846 |accessdate=December 20, 2009 }}</ref>
* [[American Philosophical Society]] (7 members)
* [[American Physical Society]] (30 members)
* [[American Psychological Association]] (20 members)
* [[Institute of Medicine]] (5 members)
* [[National Academy of Engineering]] (8 members)<ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Members by Institution
|publisher=nae.org |date=December 18, 2008 |url=http://www.nae.edu/nae/naepub.nsf/Members%20By%20Parent%20InstitutionU?OpenView&Start=1&Count=30&Expand=16#16 |accessdate=December 23, 2008 }}</ref>
* [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]] (22 members)<ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Members by Institution |publisher=NAS |date=December 23, 2008 |url=http://www.nasonline.org/site/Dir/754948804?pg=rslts&v=b&lcmd=next&lcmd_cf= |accessdate=December 23, 2008 }}</ref>
{{-}}
*[[National Academy of Education]](3 members)<ref>{{cite web |title=NAEd Members |publisher=NAEd |date=October 25, 2013 |url=http://www.naeducation.org/NAED_080186.html |accessdate=October 25, 2013 }}</ref>

=== Admissions ===
{|style= "float:left; text-align:center; font-size:85%; margin-left:2em; margin:auto;" class="wikitable"
|+ ''First-Time Freshman Profile''<ref>http://www.oir.uci.edu/adm/IA18-fall-fr-select-yield-by-school.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.oir.uci.edu/adm/IA24-fall-fr-mean-sat-by-school.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.oir.uci.edu/adm/IA25-fall-fr-mean-hsgpa-by-school.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.oir.uci.edu/enr/IIB09-new-enr-by-ca-residency-2008-2012.pdf</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2013/13app.html |title=Fall 2013 Application Tables-Table 1 |publisher=University of California Office of the President}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/fall2013adm.html |title=California freshman admissions for fall 2013-Table 1 |publisher=University of California Office of the President}}</ref><ref>http://www.oir.uci.edu/files/adm/IA18-fall-fr-select-yield-by-school-2013.pdf?R=470294</ref><ref>http://www.oir.uci.edu/files/adm/IA24-fall-fr-mean-sat-by-school-2013.pdf?R=804067</ref><ref>http://www.oir.uci.edu/files/adm/IA25-fall-fr-mean-hsgpa-by-school-2013.pdf?R=750733</ref>

! !! 2013 !! 2012 !! 2011 !! 2010 !! 2009 !! 2008
|-
! Freshman Applicants
| 60,690 || 56,508 || 49,287 || 45,742 || 44,123 || 42,414
|-
! Admitted
| 24,931 || 23,956 || 23,391 || 20,678 || 19,484 || 20,670
|-
! % Admitted
| <center>41.0</center> ||<center>42.4</center> || <center>47.5</center> || <center>45.2</center> || <center>44.2</center> || <center>48.7</center>
|-
! Enrollment
| <center>5,460<center/> || <center>5,077<center/> || <center>5,115<center/> || <center>4,411<center/> || <center>4,030<center/> || <center>4,583</center>
|-
! Average GPA
| <center>3.92<center/> || <center>3.89<center/> || <center>3.87<center/> || <center>3.88<center/> || <center>3.85<center/> || <center>3.82</center>
|-
! Average SAT (out of 2400)
| <center>1731<center/> || <center>1696<center/> || <center>1749<center/> || <center>1790<center/> || <center>1784<center/> || <center>1768</center>
|}

{|style= float:right; "text-align:center; font-size:85%; margin-left:2em; margin:auto;" class="wikitable"
|+ ''Demographics of 2012 enrolling freshman class''<ref name="freshman_profile"/>
|-
|| '''Ethnicity''' ||'''Percent'''
|-
|[[Asian American]]
|55.7%
|-
|[[White American]]
|17.5%
|-
|[[Mexican American]]
|16.0%
|-
|[[Spanish American]]
|4.4%
|-
|[[African American]]
|2.9%
|-
|Decline to state
|2.9%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|American-Indian]]
|<1%
|}

UC Irvine is categorized by ''[[U.S. News & World Report]]'' as "more selective" for college admissions ratings within the United States.<ref>{{cite web |title=University of California--Irvine |publisher=''U.S. News & World Report'' |accessdate=February 8, 2013 |url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/university-of-california-irvine-1314}}</ref> It is the fourth-most selective [[University of California]] campus, as measured by the ratio of admitted students to applicants (behind [[UC Berkeley]], [[UCLA]], and [[UC San Diego]]).<ref>{{cite web | title=University of California – Admissions | date=Fall 2012| publisher=University of California | url=http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2012/fall_2012_admissions_table2.pdf |accessdate=April 21, 2012 |format=PDF |archiveurl = http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2012/fall_2012_admissions_table2.pdf |archivedate = April 2, 2012}}</ref> UC Irvine received 56,525 applications for admission to the Fall 2012 incoming freshman class; 23,947 were admitted (42.46%).<ref name=AdmissionProfile>{{cite web |title=UC Irvine Freshman Admission Profile |url=http://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/campuses/irvine/freshman-profile/index.html |accessdate=2012-11-15 |work=University of California}}</ref> Fall 2012 admitted freshman applicants had an average high school GPA of 4.02, an average ACT Composite score of 27, and an average combined SAT score of 1844 (average SAT scores of 588 for Critical Reading, 645 for Mathematics, and 611 for Writing).<ref name=AdmissionProfile/>

The choice to offer admission is based on the University of California's comprehensive review program. It considers a candidate's personal situation, community involvement, extracurricular activities, and academic potential in addition to the traditional high school academic record, personal statement, and entrance examination scores.<ref>{{cite web | title=Eligibility in the Local Context – University of California Office of the President | year=2006 | publisher=University of California Office of the President | url=http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2001/comprev.pdf |format=PDF}}</ref> While residency is not a factor in admission, it is a factor in tuition expenses, with out-of-state residents spending more annually than California residents. State law prohibits UC Irvine from practicing [[affirmative action]] in its admissions process.

For fall of 2012, the incoming freshman were predominately from [[Los Angeles County]], followed by the [[Bay Area]] counties, [[Orange County, California|Orange County]], [[Riverside County]], [[San Bernardino County]], [[San Diego County]], and [[Imperial County]]. The most popular major for freshmen is a major in Biological Sciences (20.6%), followed by Engineering (16.6%), Undecided/Undeclared (16.5%), Social Sciences (13.4%), Physical Sciences (8.0%), Humanities (5.2%), Business (4.4%), Information and Computer Sciences (3.8%), Social Ecology (3.1%), Arts (2.8%), Pharmaceutical Sciences (2.8%), Health Sciences (1.5%), Other (1.0%), and Nursing (0.4%).<ref name="freshman_profile">{{cite web | title=Profile of Admitted Applicants – Fall Quarter 2012 | publisher=Office of Admissions and Relations with Schools, University of California, Irvine | url=http://www.admissions.uci.edu/admissions/profile_admitted.html}}</ref>

== Student life ==
{{main|Student activities and traditions at UC Irvine}}

=== Greek life ===

UCI's Greek Life began in 1973 with three sororities (Delta Gamma, Pi Beta Phi, and Gamma Phi Beta) and three fraternities (Beta Theta Pi, Sigma Chi, and Phi Delta Theta).<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.lib.uci.edu/ucihistory/index.php?page=students&function=fraternities |title = Anteater Chronicles: The UC Irvine Story}} {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref> Today it is a community with over 2,200 students in 26 sororities and 21 fraternities representing a wide range of ethnicities, cultures, and backgrounds.

There are three major overhead bodies on the campus that govern Greek Life: Inter Fraternity Council, The Panhellenic Association, and The Multicultural Greek Council. The IFC governs over the thirteen chapters which are considered Greek by the National Inter Fraternity Council (NIC). The Panhellenic Association has ten NPC (National Panhellenic Conference) chapters and two local chapters. The Panhellenic community was recently opened up for expansion in Fall 2008, where they welcome Sigma Kappa to the campus. The Multicultural Greek Council was first established in 2009, where MGC currently governs 20 Multicultural Greek Chapters.

Major events and programs in the Greek Community include Songfest, All Greek Conference, Greek Week, BANG (Being a New Greek), and risk management programs (topics vary).<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.dos.uci.edu/greeklife/index.php |title = Greek Life}}</ref>

==== Fraternities and sororities ====
{{Multicol}}
; Multicultural<ref name="fraternitiesandsororities">{{cite web | url=http://www.dos.uci.edu/greeklife/chapters/index.php | title = Chapters| work=Greek Life| accessdate=July 11, 2010}}</ref>
* [[Alpha Epsilon Omega]]
* Alpha Gamma Alpha
* [[alpha Kappa Delta Phi]]
* [[Delta Lambda Chi]]
* [[Delta Lambda Phi]]
* [[Lambda Sigma Gamma]]
* Lambda Theta Delta
* Kappa Zeta Phi
* [[Nu Alpha Kappa]]
* Phi Zeta Tau
* [[Pi Alpha Phi]]
* [[Sigma Delta Alpha]]
*Sigma Delta Sigma
* [[Sigma Lambda Beta]]
* [[Sigma Lambda Gamma]]
* [[Sigma Omicron Pi]]
* Tau Theta Pi
* [[Zeta Phi Rho]]

{{Multicol-break}}

; [[North-American Interfraternity Conference]]<ref name="fraternitiesandsororities" />
* [[Alpha Epsilon Pi]]
* [[Beta Theta Pi]]
* [[Kappa Sigma]]
* [[Phi Gamma Delta]] (FIJI)
* [[Phi Delta Theta]]
* [[Phi Kappa Psi]]
* [[Pi Kappa Alpha]]
* [[Pi Kappa Phi]]
* [[Sigma Alpha Epsilon]]
* [[Sigma Chi]]
* [[Sigma Nu]]
* [[Sigma Phi Epsilon]]
* [[Sigma Pi]]
* [[Triangle Fraternity]]

{{Multicol-break}}

; [[Panhellenic Association]]

; [[National Panhellenic Conference]]<ref name="fraternitiesandsororities" />
* [[Alpha Epsilon Phi]]
* [[Alpha Chi Omega]]
* [[Alpha Phi]]
* [[Delta Delta Delta]]
* [[Delta Gamma]]
* [[Gamma Phi Beta]]
* [[Kappa Alpha Theta]]
* [[Kappa Kappa Gamma]]
* [[Pi Beta Phi]]
* [[Sigma Kappa]]

; Local<ref name="fraternitiesandsororities" />
* [[Phi Sigma Rho]]
* [[Phi Zeta Tau]]

{{Multicol-break}}

; [[National Pan-Hellenic Council]]<ref name="fraternitiesandsororities" />
* [[Alpha Kappa Alpha]]
* [[Alpha Phi Alpha]]
* [[Delta Sigma Theta]]
* [[Kappa Alpha Psi]]

; Professional<ref name="fraternitiesandsororities" />
* [[Alpha Epsilon Delta]]
* [[Beta Alpha Psi]]
* [[Delta Sigma Pi]]
* [[Phi Beta Lambda]]
* [[Phi Alpha Delta]]
* [[Phi Delta Epsilon]]
* [[Sigma Psi Lambda]]
* [[Alpha Phi Sigma]]

; [[Service fraternity|Service]]<ref name="fraternitiesandsororities" />
* [[Alpha Phi Omega]]

{{Multicol-break}}

; [[Honor Fraternity|Honor]]<ref name="fraternitiesandsororities" />
*[[Phi Sigma Pi]]

{{Multicol-end}}

=== Clubs and organizations ===
With over 600 student clubs and organizations on campus, students can readily find friends who share their interests whether academic, multicultural, political, religious, service, social, or athletic. Campus activities throughout the year include cultural nights, arts performances, and live music at Anteater Plaza—special events such as Reggaefest, the Rainbow Festival, Wayzgoose, Shocktoberfest, and Earth Day are held yearly.<ref>{{cite web|title=Welcome to UCI|url=http://www.admissions.uci.edu/campus_life/welcome_to_uci.html|accessdate=July 11, 2011}}</ref>
The Psi chapter of [[Phrateres]], a non-exclusive, non-profit social-service club, was installed at UCI in 1967. Between 1924 and 1967, 23 chapters of Phrateres were installed in universities across North America.

=== Residential accommodations ===
[[File:Middleearth dorms, UCI.jpg|thumb|Residence Halls at the [[Middle-earth|Middle Earth]] undergraduate housing complex (for freshmen) are named after places and characters from [[J. R. R. Tolkien]]'s ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' book series.]]
{{main|Student housing at UC Irvine}}
UC Irvine has a number of residential options for students interested in living on campus. Part of UCI's long-range development plan involves expanding on-campus housing to accommodate 50% of all UCI students.<ref name="evc.uci.edu"/>

The on-campus housing communities for undergraduates are: Mesa Court, Middle Earth, Arroyo Vista, Campus Village, Vista del Campo, Vista del Campo Norte, Camino del Sol, and Puerta del Sol. Graduate students also have access to the on-campus housing communities: Palo Verde and Verano Place.

UCI's two freshman dormitory communities are Mesa Court and Middle Earth. Mesa Court was the first housing community at UCI, it features a volleyball court, two basketball courts, a community center, a recreational center, and the Mesa Academic Center (MAC). Middle Earth comprises 24 residence halls, two dining facilities (Brandywine and Pippin Commons), a student center, and several resource centers. The name of each building in Middle Earth is named after a character or a place from J.R.R. Tolkien's ''[[The Hobbit]]'' and "The Lord of the Rings". Middle Earth was built in three phases. The first phase was built in 1974 and it includes seven halls: Hobbiton, Isengard, Lorien, Mirkwood, Misty Mountain, Rivendell, and the Shire, along with a separate Head Resident's manufactured home called "Bag End". The second phase was built in 1989 with thirteen more halls: Balin, Harrowdale, Whispering Wood, Woodhall, Calmindon, Grey Havens, Aldor, Rohan, Gondolin, Snowbourn, Elrond, Shadowfax, and Quenya. The third phase was built in 2000 with four halls: Crickhollow, Evenstar, Oakenshield, and Valimar. Each hall houses about fifty to eighty students, although Quenya was built with sixty single suite rooms which mainly house graduate students.

There are 42 houses located in Arroyo Vista, of which 9 are sorority houses and 5 are fraternity houses. The sorority houses located in Arroyo Vista are Alpha Phi, Delta Delta Delta, Delta Gamma, Gamma Phi Beta, Pi Beta Phi, Alpha Chi Omega, Kappa Kappa Gamma, Sigma Kappa, and Kappa Alpha Theta. The fraternity houses located in Arroyo Vista are Sigma Phi Epsilon, Sigma Chi, Phi Gamma Delta, Kappa Sigma, and Sigma Alpha Epsilon. Arroyo Vista also features many themed houses based on academic or social interests. As of Fall 2012, Arroyo Vista started the "First Year Experience" and now houses first year students within six of its houses. Students living in Arroyo Vista live in complexes that may be called houses, but have dorm-like qualities.

Apartment style on-campus housing at UCI can be found at Vista del Campo, Vista del Campo Norte, Camino del Sol, and Puerta del Sol. VDC has single rooms available for undergraduates, while VDC Norte has both single rooms and double rooms available. Camino del Sol features single rooms, a community center, a fitness center, and a pool. In fall of 2012, Camino del Sol opened housing to incoming first-year students as an option instead of dorm living. Each housing community is served by ASUCI shuttles that regularly travel to the main campus.

UCI off-campus housing options vary, based on a student's preferred living arrangements and budget. However, a common denominator for off-campus apartment housing in [[Irvine, California|Irvine]], as well as nearby [[Newport Beach, California|Newport Beach]], [[Tustin, California|Tustin]], and [[Costa Mesa, California|Costa Mesa]] is the fact that most accommodations are maintained by [[The Irvine Company]].

== Athletics ==
[[File:Uci sign.jpg|right|thumb|A prominent UCI sign at Crawford Hall, part of the Crawford Athletic Complex.]]
[[File:UCIrvineAnteaters.png|right|thumb|UC Irvine Anteaters logo]]
{{main|UC Irvine Anteaters}}
UCI's sports teams are known as the [[Anteaters]] and the student body is known as Antourage. They participate in the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]]'s Division I, as members of the [[Big West Conference]] and the [[Mountain Pacific Sports Federation]]. Their traditional rival is [[California State University, Long Beach|Long Beach State]].

UCI fields nationally competitive teams in baseball, basketball, cross country, soccer, track and field, volleyball, and water polo. The university has won 28 national team championships in nine different sports since 1969 and has had 63 individual national champions. The most recent NCAA Division I national title was won by the men's volleyball team on May 4, 2013 against BYU (3–0) at Pauley Pavilion (UCLA) in Los Angeles. Men's volleyball at UCI has won a total of four national championships (2007, 2009, 2012, 2013). UCI has also won three Division I men's water polo titles (1970, 1982, 1989).

UCI baseball currently competes in NCAA's Division I. Previously, the baseball team had won two national championships at the Division II level. The 2007 baseball team impressed the nation, the Anteaters being one of the Final Four teams left in the College World Series, just six years after the baseball program had been formally reinstated after a ten-year absence. The week of April 20, 2009 was a historical milestone for the UCI athletics program, as both the school’s baseball and men's volleyball squads were simultaneously ranked No. 1 nationally in NCAA Division I polls. This marked the first time ever that UCI possessed two teams ranked No. 1 in the nation, as baseball garnered the ranking based on Baseball America and Collegiate Baseball polls, while men’s volleyball earned the top spot on the American Volleyball Coaches Association (AVCA) poll.

Other national championships won by UCI include three Division II men's swimming titles, and six Division II men's tennis titles.

More than 400 UCI student-athletes have earned All-America distinction, and Anteater teams have captured 66 conference championships in total. Since 1983, 3,266 UCI student-athletes have earned conference scholar-athlete awards.
<ref>{{cite web| url=http://uci.edu/athletics.php | title=History & Background | year=2011| work=uci.edu | accessdate=July 6, 2011}}</ref>

=== The anteater as mascot ===
[[File:Uci mascot.jpg|left|thumb|The UCI mascot is the [[anteater]]. This 430-pound statue is a gift of the class of 1987.]]The anteater was chosen in 1965 when students were allowed to submit mascot candidates, which would be voted on in a campus election. Three undergraduates named Pat Glasgow, Bob Ernst, and Schuyler Hadley Basset III were credited with choosing the anteater and designing a cartoon representation, having been disappointed with other candidates such as a roadrunner, unicorn, seahawk and golden bison.<ref>{{cite web | title=Peter, the Anteater: History of the Mascot (Zot) | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://www.admissions.uci.edu/mascot.html }}</ref>

The original anteater design was not based not on the [[Johnny Hart]] comic strip, "[[B.C. (comic strip)|B.C.]]" but on a somewhat less wholesome symbol — the Playboy bunny.<ref>{{cite web|title=‘B.C.’ comic strip artist coming to Celebrate UCI|url=http://news.uci.edu/features/b-c-comic-strip-artist-coming-to-celebrate-uci/|work=UC Irvine News, 11 April 2011|publisher=University of California, Irvine|accessdate=30 April 2013}}</ref> In November 1965, the UCI students officially voted on the anteater, and many embraced their far-out mascot. In a special follow-up election, students opted for a mascot based on the B.C. anteater over the Playboy version. Since it was "original and slightly irrelevant," it became the mascot of UC Irvine after winning 56% of the vote, beating a close second with the choice of "none of the above". The anteaters are not to be confused with the aardvark, an African animal that also eats ants. The anteater has grown to become a beloved mascot, and is the inspiration for many of UCI's [[UC Irvine Anteaters|athletic]] and [[Student Activities and Traditions at UC Irvine|campus spirit]] traditions. School chants and cheers feature the word "zot" which was the noise Johnny Hart's "Peter the Anteater" made while eating ants.

A hand signal called "Rip'em 'Eaters" was created by Blake Sasaki and Dennis Wisco in 2001. When attacked, an anteater sits in a tripodal position with its hind feet and tail and tears and "rips" at its predator. The hand signal is done by touching the tips of the two middle fingers with the thumb, and sliding the thumb back, making the pinky and index finger the ears and the fingers in the middle the snout of the anteater.

In August 2007, a small stuffed Peter accompanied astronaut [[Tracy Caldwell]] on the [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'']] mission [[STS-118]].<ref>{{cite news | title=Beaumont Grad To Celebrate Birthday In Space | url=http://www.knbc.com/news/13847193/detail.html | publisher=KNBC (NBC4 Los Angeles) | date=August 8, 2007 }}</ref>

== Controversy ==
{{see also|UCI Medical Center}}

=== Aramark ===
UC Irvine is the last UC campus that [[subcontract]]s its food services. In summer of 2004, UCI signed a contract with [[Aramark]], a food services corporation, granting it control of nearly all residential dining facilities and restaurants on university property. This includes UCI's three dining halls (Brandywine, Pippin Commons, and Mesa Commons) and three on-campus restaurants (Phoenix Grille, B.C.'s Cavern on the Green, and Bistro by the Bridge). [[Student activities and traditions at UC Irvine|ASUCI]], which is partially responsible for negotiating UCI's food services contract, has justified the decision to offer Aramark its business with the argument that Aramark has pledged to invest millions of dollars into the university's food service infrastructure.<ref name="Ong Hing">{{cite journal |last=Ong Hing | first=Julianne | title=Aramark: The New Bully on Campus | journal=Jaded Magazine | issue=8 | date=Winter, 2006}}</ref>

=== Law school dean ===

In hiring an inaugural dean of the [[University of California, Irvine School of Law|UC Irvine School of Law]], which opened in 2009, the University approached Professor [[Erwin Chemerinsky]], a well known legal scholar in constitutional law and liberal commentator. After signing a contract with Chemerinsky on September 4, 2007, the hire was rescinded by UCI Chancellor Michael V. Drake because he felt the law professor's commentaries were "polarizing" and would not serve the interests of California's first new public law school in 40 years; Drake claimed the decision was his own and not the subject of any outside influence.<ref name=LAT091307a>Garrett Therolf and Henry Weinstein, [http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-uci13sep13,1,1474059,full.story UC Irvine aborts hiring Chemerinsky as law school dean ], ''Los Angeles Times'', September 13, 2007. {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref> The action was roundly criticized by liberal and conservative scholars who felt it hindered the academic mission of the law school, and disbelief over Chancellor Drake's claims that it was the subject of no outside influence.<ref name="LAT091307a" /><ref name=LAT901307b>Dana Parsons, [http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-parsons13sep13,1,1694812.column Excuse for UCI's fumble on law school dean not good enough], ''Los Angeles Times'', September 13, 2007. {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref>

The issue was the subject of a [[New York Times]] editorial on September 14, 2007.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/14/opinion/14fri3.html | work=The New York Times | title=A Bad Beginning in Irvine | date=September 14, 2007 | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}</ref> Details emerged revealing that UCI had received criticism on the hire from [[Supreme Court of California|California Chief Justice]] [[Ronald M. George]], who criticized Chemerinsky's grasp of death penalty appeals as well as a group of prominent Orange County Republicans and Los Angeles County Supervisor [[Michael D. Antonovich]], who wanted to derail the appointment.<ref name = LAT901707/> Drake traveled over a weekend to [[Durham, North Carolina]], and the two reached an agreement late Sunday evening.<ref name=LAT901707>Garrett Therolf, [http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-uci18sep18,0,3167475.story?coll=la-home-center Chemerinsky returns to UC Irvine post], ''Los Angeles Times'', September 17, 2007. {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref> On September 17, Chemerinsky issued a joint press release with UCI Chancellor [[Michael V. Drake]] indicating that Chemerinsky ''would'' head the UCI law school, stating "Our new law school will be founded on the bedrock principle of academic freedom. The chancellor reiterated his lifelong, unqualified commitment to academic freedom, which extends to every faculty member, including deans and other senior administrators."<ref name=PressRelease070917>[http://www.ocblog.net/ocblog/2007/09/statement-fro-1.html OC Blog: Statement From Chemerinsky & Drake] {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref>

=== UCI Extension ===
From 2002 to 2007, [[Capella University]], a for-profit, on-line institution, paid $500 per student to UCI Extension for each of the 36 students who transferred to Capella. This undisclosed financial arrangement resulted in a total payment of $12,000 to UCI.<ref name="payment">{{cite news |last=Nouh| first= Yasmin| title= UCI Irvine No Longer to Receive Capella Cash | url= http://www.newuniversity.org/checkDB.php?id=6135 | publisher= [[New University (newspaper)|New University]] | date= June 5, 2006 |accessdate=March 12, 2008}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> The payments, first reported in the ''[[Chronicle of Higher Education]]'', were inadvertently revealed when Jeffry La Marca, a former student of UCI Extension and Capella, filed a [[public records]] request for correspondence between UCI and Capella.

UCI continuing education dean Gary Matkin announced the school would end the arrangement by October 31, 2007 and plans to place $12,000 into a scholarship fund for needy students. UCI officials represented that the agreement was legal per Department of Education regulations, however, UCI had tried to hide the payments and the arrangement was frequently criticized as unethical because it raised the possibility that school counselors might make recommendations to students based on financial incentives rather than the student's best interests.<ref name=payment/>

===Allegations of antisemitism===
On November 30, 2007, the [[Office of Civil Rights]] of the [[United States Department of Education]] issued a report finding "insufficient evidence" in support of allegations that Jewish students at UCI were harassed and subjected to a hostile environment based on their national origin. The federal agency investigated a total of 13 alleged incidents of harassment that occurred between Fall 2000 and December 2006, and determined that 5 were "isolated acts" that could not be addressed because they were reported more than 180 days after they occurred. Further, the agency considered these acts, which included a rock thrown at a Jewish student, the destruction of a [[The Holocaust|Holocaust]] memorial display, and various threatening or harassing statements made to individual Jewish students, substantially different in nature as to be unrelated to the 8 other recurring acts it investigated, which included graffiti depicting [[swastika]]s on campus, events during an annual Zionist Awareness Week (in which several Jewish students had, however, partook), exclusion of Jewish students during an anti-hate rally, and the wearing of graduation stoles signifying support for [[Hamas]]{{citation needed|date=June 2013}} or [[Palestinian people|Palestinian]] human rights. The agency ultimately found that none of the incidents leading to the allegations qualified as "sufficiently severe, pervasive or persistent as to interfere with or limit the ability of an individual to participate in from the services, activities or privileges" provided by UCI, and that university officials had acted appropriately in response to each incident. In December 2007, UCI Administration has been cleared of anti-semitism complaints by the US Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights.<ref name="OCR">{{cite web | title=OCR Report | url=http://www.ocregister.com/newsimages/news/2007/12/OCR_Report_120507-Z05145157-0001.pdf | date=November 30, 2007 |accessdate=December 20, 2007|format=PDF}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | last=Fisher | first=Marla Jo | title=Civil rights investigation clears UCI of anti-Semitism charges | url=http://www.ocregister.com/news/students-jewish-campus-1939795-officials-report | publisher=[[Orange County Register]] | date=December 11, 2007 | accessdate=December 20, 2007}}</ref>

Following a speech by Chancellor [[Michael V. Drake|Michael Drake]] at the national Hillel meeting in Washington, D.C. in March 2008, [[Anteaters for Israel]], along with three other Jewish organizations, issued a press release defending Drake and claiming that anti-Semitic activity was "exaggerated."<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.ocregister.com/articles/jewish-uci-student-2007512-students-israel
|title=News: Jewish students say UC Irvine is safe
|publisher=[[Orange County Register]]
|date=March 28, 2008
|accessdate=April 4, 2008
|last=Fisher
|first=Marla Jo
}}
</ref> Since then, 20 current and former students issued a statement expressing concern over ongoing issues and Drake's handling of them.

In May 2009, UC Irvine hosted a two-week event titled "Israel: The Politics of Genocide", hosted by the school's Muslim Student Union. Scheduled speakers included [[Cynthia McKinney]] and [[George Galloway]]. Opponents of the event described it as "anti-Semitic" (despite its considerable support from Jewish students and stated criticism solely of Israeli policy) and have called for Chancellor Drake to condemn both the event and the sponsoring organization. He has declined to do so.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://jta.org/news/article/2009/05/12/1005098/petitiion-calls-on-irvine-chancellor-to-denounce-muslim-group|title=Denounce Muslim group, UC Irvine chancellor urged|publisher=[[Jewish Telegraphic Agency]]|date=May 12, 2009|accessdate=May 12, 2009}}</ref> One outdoor demonstration at this event included a display with an image of Jewish Holocaust victim [[Anne Frank]] wearing a [[keffiyah]], in an apparent attempt to draw an analogy between her sufferings and the plight of the [[Palestinian people|Palestinians]] in the [[Palestinian territories]]. The pro-Israel campus advocacy group [[StandWithUs]] has described this image as offensive.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://standwithus.org/app/iNews/view_n.asp?ID=1033|title=Creating Hate at UC Irvine|publisher=[[StandWithUs]]|date=May 13, 2009|accessdate=May 15, 2009}}</ref>

In October 2009, students from UCI met with [[Hamas]] official [[Aziz Duwaik]] on a university-sponsored trip to the West Bank under a program called the Olive Tree Initiative (OTI), a neutral, apolitical education group that studies the Arab-Israeli conflict. The meeting was questioned by parties in 2011, and the initial response from UCI was that the meeting was justified, as the education group was studying the different narratives that contribute to the current situation in the middle east.<ref>Overly, Jeff. [http://articles.ocregister.com/2011-03-31/news/29372049_1_uci-administration-hamas-leader-jewish-community "Group: UC Irvine students met with Hamas leader."] ''The Orange County Register''. March 31, 2011. April 6, 2011.</ref> After the [[Zionist Organization of America]] informed UCI about Hamas' nature and urged UCI to dissociate itself from the OTI, UCI referred to the meeting as a "misstep."<ref>Agrela, Ramona H. [http://octaskforce.files.wordpress.com/2011/04/letter-from-ucis-ramona-argrela-re-oti-4-5-11.pdf Letter to Morton A. Klein and Susan B. Tuchman, Esq.] April 5, 2011. Orange County Independent Task Force on Anti-Semitism.</ref> Many of these accusations were contradicted by many organizations and members of the group who are of pro-Israel and Jewish descent.<ref>Larry Kugelman, Professor David Snow, [http://letters.ocregister.com/2011/04/09/uci-olive-tree-initiative-seeks-mideast-peace/ UCI Olive Tree Initiative seeks Mideast Peace – Letters to the Editor : The Orange County Register] April 9, 2011.</ref>

In May, 2010, forty members of the faculty issued an open letter expressing concern about "hate-promoting actions" including "a statement (by a speaker repeatedly invited by the Muslim Student Union) that the Zionist Jew is a party of Satan, a statement by another MSU speaker that the Holocaust was God’s will" that have given UCI "a growing reputation as a center of hate and intolerance.".<ref>{{cite web|title=Op-ed: UC Irvine Faculty Call for Civility During Wall Week|url=http://www.newuniversity.org/2010/05/opinion/op-ed-uc-irvine-faculty-call-for-civility-during-wall-week/|publisher=[[New University (newspaper)|New University]]|date=May 12, 2010}}</ref> Neither of the speakers had been named nor any students shown to have had any affiliation with such remarks.

=== Arrests at Michael Oren lecture ===

UC Irvine attracted controversy in February 2010 when students disrupted a lecture by Israeli Ambassador [[Michael Oren]].<ref name="Suspends">{{cite web|last=Bharath|first=Deepa|title=Muslim Student Union members shocked by suspension|url=http://www.ocregister.com/news/university-253265-union-student.html|work=[[Orange County Register]]|accessdate=June 15, 2010|coauthors=Pak, Ellyn}}</ref> While the MSU had issued a statement condemning the university for inviting a man who “took part in a culture that has no qualms with terrorizing the innocent, killing civilians, demolishing their homes and illegally occupying their land,” they denied responsibility for the protests and said the students acted on their own.<ref name="latimes">{{cite news |url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/lanow/2010/02/11-students-arrested-for-disrupting-israeli-ambassadors-speech-at-uc-irvine-.html |title=11 students arrested after disrupting Israeli ambassador's speech at UC Irvine |author=Raja Abdulrahim |date=February 9, 2010 |work=Los Angeles Times |accessdate=February 12, 2010}}</ref> According to [[Kenneth Stern]], director of the [[American Jewish Committee]]'s Division on Antisemitism and Extremism "The UCI campus has had a long history of anti-Israel and anti-Semitic incidents, usually tied to its Muslim Student Union."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.insidehighered.com/views/2010/02/15/stern|title=Don't Avoid Conflicts; Mine Them|author=Kenneth Stern|publisher=[[Inside Higher Ed]]|date=February 15, 2010}}</ref>

[[Heckler]]s interrupted Oren's speech 10 times with many students cheering them in support. Among other slogans, the hecklers yelled, "Michael Oren, propagating murder is not an expression of [[free speech]],"<ref name="latimes"/> "killers" and "how many Palestinians did you kill?"<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1148561.html |title=Muslim students scream 'killer' during Israel envoy speech in L.A |author=Natasha Mozgovaya |date=February 9, 2010 |publisher=Ha'aretz |accessdate=February 12, 2010}} {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref> After the fourth disruption, Oren took a 20-minute leave before returning to the podium. Before continuing he said, "I’ve spent most of my life living in and studying the Middle East and one of the great and eternal cultural facets of the Middle East is hospitality...even if you do not agree with them, even if they’re ostensibly your enemy. I’m your guest here and I’m asking for the Middle Eastern hospitality for your guest, I’ve come into your house." By the end of the program, 11 UC Irvine and [[UC Riverside|Riverside]] students were reportedly arrested.<ref name="latimes"/>

According to [[New University (newspaper)|New University]] newspaper, 11 students were charged with section 403 of the UCIPD penal code – disrupting a public event on the University’s property, for their actions. Nine were enrolled at UCI and three were from UCR.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.newuniversity.org/2010/02/news/israel-interrupted-in-irvine/|title=Israel: Interrupted in Irvine|author=David Lumb|publisher=[[New University (newspaper)|New University]]|date=February 15, 2010}}</ref>

During the event, UCI Chancellor [[Michael V. Drake|Michael Drake]] and political science department chair Mark Petracca "chided the protesting crowd and called the disruptions embarrassing." At one point, Chairman Petracca yelled "Shame on you" to the heckling crowd.<ref name="latimes"/> In a statement issued the next day, UCI Chancellor Drake called the students' behavior "intolerable," saying that "Freedom of speech is among the most fundamental, and among the most cherished of the bedrock values our nation is built upon."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chancellor.uci.edu/100209_disruption.php |title=Campus Disruption |author=Michael Drake |date=February 9, 2010 |publisher=Office of the Chancellor |accessdate=February 12, 2010}} {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref> UCI Law School Dean [[Erwin Chemerinsky]] also condemned the disruptions. He stated, "Imagine if they had brought their own speaker and that person had been shouted down. There would be no free speech. There is no right to a ‘[[Heckler's veto|heckler’s veto]].’"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://collegelife.freedomblogging.com/2010/02/10/dean-uci-protesters-stopped-free-speech/16121/|title=Dean: UCI protesters violated free speech|author=Gary Robbins|publisher=[[Orange County Register]]|date=February 10, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/commentary/la-oe-chemerinsky18-2010feb18,0,2972313.story|title=UC Irvine's free speech debate|author=Erwin Chemerinsky|work=Los Angeles Times|date=February 18, 2010}}</ref>

In response, the university suspended the group for the 2010–2011 school year and the group will undergo a probationary period for the following year. In addition, the members will be responsible for completing a collective 50 community service hours before the group can be reinstated. The [[Muslim Student Union]] has appealed the suspension.<ref name="Suspends" /> The punishment was later modified to one academic quarter, one hundred hours of community service, and two years probation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-0904-uci-muslims-20100904,0,656430.story|title=UC Irvine upholds suspension of Muslim group, bans it for one quarter|author=Raja Abdulrahim|work=Los Angeles Times|date=September 4, 2010|accessdate=September 4, 2010}}</ref>

The [[Zionist Organization of America]], describing UCI as "a campus that permitted bigotry", has called for college-bound students and financial donors to avoid UCI.<ref>{{cite news|title=UC Irvine recommends suspension of campus' Muslim student group|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2010/jun/15/local/la-me-0615-uci-muslim-20100615/3|work=Los Angeles Times|date=June 15, 2010}}</ref>

== Notable alumni ==
{{main|List of University of California, Irvine people}}
As of 2011, UCI has more than 124,000 alumni.<ref>{{cite web | title=General Catalogue: Alumni Relations | year=2011| publisher=University of California | url=http://www.editor.uci.edu/catalogue/11-12Catalogue.pdf }}</ref> As with any major university, many UC Irvine alumni have achieved fame after graduating. These people include athletes ([[Steve Scott (athlete)|Steve Scott]], [[Scott Brooks]], [[Greg Louganis]] and 34 Olympians), Broadway, film, and television actors ([[Bob Gunton]], [[Jon Lovitz]], [[Brian Thompson]]), and technological innovators ([[Roy Fielding]], [[Paul Mockapetris]], and [[Patrick J. Hanratty]]<ref name=UC>{{cite news|title=Patrick Hanratty spotlight|url=http://www.ics.uci.edu/community/news/spotlight/spotlight_hanratty.php|date=October 18, 2012|publisher=The Regents of the University of California|accessdate=March 17, 2013}}</ref>).

The UC Irvine writing program has produced a number of authors, such as [[Michael Chabon]], [[James L. McMichael|James McMichael]], [[Ron Carlson]], [[Robert Peters]], [[Alice Sebold]], [[Aimee Bender]], [[Richard Ford]], [[Yusef Komunyakaa]], [[Marti Leimbach]], [[Whitney Otto]] and [[T. Jefferson Parker]]. The renown of these writers has contributed to the national reputation of the school's creative writing program. More recent alumni include [[Glen David Gold]], [[Maile Meloy]], [[Alex Espinoza]] and [[Joshua Ferris]].

Several members of the faculty have been honored with the [[Nobel Prize|Nobel]] and [[Pulitzer Prize|Pulitzer]]. In 1995, two UCI Professors earned the Nobel Prize:<ref>{{cite web| author=UC Irvine| date=January 4, 2005| url=http://www.ps.uci.edu/physics/news/nobel.html| title=Frederick Reines is Awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize in Physics| accessdate=March 14, 2007}}</ref> [[Dr. Frank Sherwood Rowland]] won in chemistry and [[Dr. Frederick Reines]] won in physics. In 2004, [[Dr. Irwin Rose]] earned UCI its third Nobel, this time in chemistry. [[Michael Ramirez]] is a two-time [[Pulitzer Prize]]-winning American editorial cartoonist and a Senior Editor for [[Investor's Business Daily]].

Claude Yarbrough (aka [[Jonathan Pendragon]]), class of '76, is one of the most influential magicians of the 20th and 21st centuries.<ref>Moehring, John (August 1999), “The Century: The Pendragons”, Magic Magazine Vol.8</ref>

[[Gregory Coleman]], Masters in Fine Arts, 2005 was an accomplished classical guitarist, recording artist, composer, arranger and educator.

Ralph Cicerone, an earth system science professor and former chancellor, is currently president of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]].<ref>[http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/story/8742363/the_hardballer/ The Hardballer]</ref>

Faculty members who have taught literary criticism and critical theory at UCI have included [[Jacques Derrida]], [[Murray Krieger]] and [[Wolfgang Iser]], and visiting professors in these fields have included [[Judith Butler]], [[Slavoj Žižek]], [[Giorgio Agamben]], [[Barbara Johnson]], [[Fredric Jameson]], [[Elizabeth Grosz]], and [[Étienne Balibar]].

Movie directors who attended UCI include [[Joseph McGinty Nichol|McG]], and Robert Beaucage, director of ''[[Spike (2008 film)|Spike]]''.

Danny Pang, a financier, who was featured on the CNBC television show American Greed.

==See also==
{{Portal|Los Angeles|University}}
* [[Anteater Recreation Center]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

== External links ==
{{commons category|University of California, Irvine}}
* [http://www.uci.edu/ Official website]
* [http://www.ucirvinesports.com/ Official athletics website]
* [http://unex.uci.edu/ UC Irvine Extension website]
* [http://ocw.uci.edu/ UC Irvine OpenCourseWare website]
* [http://summer.uci.edu/ UC Irvine Summer Session website]
* [http://ucispace.lib.uci.edu/handle/10575/5882 UCIspace @ the Libraries digital collection: Online Archive of UCI History]
* [http://ucispace.lib.uci.edu/handle/10575/2092 UCIspace @ the Libraries digital collection: Frank Cancian photographs for Main Street UCI]

{{University of California, Irvine}}
{{UCIrvine Chancellors}}
{{Big West Conference navbox}}
{{Association of American Universities}}
{{Universities Research Association}}
{{APRU}}
{{Colleges and universities in Orange County}}
{{University of California}}
{{Public Ivy}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:California, Irvine, University of}}
[[Category:University of California, Irvine| ]]
[[Category:Schools accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1965]]
[[Category:Association of Public and Land-Grant Universities]]
[[Category:Association of Pacific Rim Universities]]
[[Category:William Pereira buildings]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in Orange County, California]]
[[Category:1965 establishments in California]]

University of California, Santa Cruz

2013-11-20T01:23:49Z

Casecrer:

{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2012}}
{{Infobox University
|name =University of California, Santa Cruz
|motto = ''[[Fiat lux]]'' ([[Latin]])
|mottoeng = [[Let there be light]]
|image_name = [[File:The University of California 1868 UCSC.svg|200px|alt=Logo of the University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC)]]
|established =1965
|type =[[Public university|Public]], [[Land-grant college|Land-]] and [[Space grant colleges|Space-Grant]] [[research university]]
|endowment = US$117.4 million<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/_files/report/UC_Annual_Endowment_Report_FY2011-2012.pdf |title=UC Annual Endowment Report, Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012 |page=4 |accessdate=January 7, 2013 |publisher=Office of the Treasurer of the Regents of the University of California|format=PDF}}</ref>
|chancellor =[[George Blumenthal]]
|provost =[[Alison Galloway]]
| students = 17,404 (2012 Fall)<ref name="Enrollment">{{cite web |url=http://planning.ucsc.edu/irps/enrollmt/3rdwk/spring2013.pdf |format=PDF |title=Headcount Enrollment |publisher=University of California, Santa Cruz Institutional Research and Policy Studies |date = May 14, 2013 |accessdate=July 16, 2013}}</ref>
| undergrad = 15,978 (2012 Fall)<ref name="Enrollment"/>
| postgrad = 1,426 (2012 Fall)<ref name="Enrollment"/>
|alumni =>60,000
|city =[[Santa Cruz, California|Santa Cruz]]
|state =California
|country =United States
|campus =Suburban/Forest {{convert|2000|acre|ha}}<ref name="Campus Facts">{{cite web|url=http://news.ucsc.edu/awards/files/some-facts.pdf |format=PDF |title=UC Financial Reports – Campus Facts in Brief |year=2010-11 |publisher=University of California |accessdate=November 17, 2012}}</ref>
|colors =[[Azure (heraldry)|UCSC Blue]] & [[Or (heraldry)|UCSC Gold]]<ref name="UCSC Colors">{{cite web
| title = Print: Colors
| work = Identity Guidelines
| publisher = UC Santa Cruz
| date = November 3, 2009
| url = http://www.ucsc.edu/identity/print-colors.html
| accessdate =February 19, 2010}}</ref> {{color box|#0069AA}}{{color box|#FFD200}}
|mascot =Sammy the Slug<ref name="UCSC Mascot">{{cite web
| title = Banana Slug Mascot
| url = http://www.ucsc.edu/about/mascot.html
| accessdate =November 6, 2010}}</ref>
|nickname =[[Banana slug|Banana Slugs]]
|athletics =[[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] [[Division III (NCAA)|Division III]]
|affiliations =[[University of California]] [[Western Association of Schools and Colleges|WASC]]
|address =University of California 1156 High Street Santa Cruz, CA 95064
|website =[http://www.ucsc.edu/ www.ucsc.edu]
|logo = [[Image:Ucsc fiatslug.png|200px]]
}}
The '''University of California, Santa Cruz''' (also known as '''UC Santa Cruz''' or '''UCSC''') is a [[public university|public]], [[residential college|collegiate]] university and one of 10 campuses in the [[University of California]] system. Located 80 miles (130 km) south of San Francisco at the edge of the coastal community of [[Santa Cruz, California|Santa Cruz]], the campus lies on {{convert|2001|acres|ha}}<ref name="UCSC Acreage">{{cite web
| title = Community Relationship
| work = The 1988 Long Range Development Plan
| publisher = UC Santa Cruz Physical Planning & Construction | date = March 2, 2004
| url = http://planning.ucsc.edu/lrdp/docs/1988lrdp/graphical/intro/comm.html
| accessdate =February 19, 2010}}</ref> of rolling, forested hills overlooking the Pacific Ocean and [[Monterey Bay]].

Founded in 1965,<ref name="overview">{{cite web
| title = Campus Overview | publisher = UC Santa Cruz
| url = http://www.ucsc.edu/about/campus_overview.asp
| accessdate =February 19, 2010}}</ref> UC Santa Cruz began as a showcase for progressive, cross-disciplinary undergraduate education, innovative teaching methods and contemporary architecture. Since then, it has evolved into a modern research university with a wide variety of both undergraduate and graduate programs, while retaining its reputation for strong undergraduate support and student political activism. The residential college system, which consists of ten small colleges, is intended to combine the student support of a small college with the resources of a major university.

==History==
Although some of the original founders had already outlined plans for an institution like UCSC as early as the 1930s, the opportunity to realize their vision did not present itself until the City of Santa Cruz made a bid to the [[Regents of the University of California|University of California Regents]] in the mid-1950s to build a campus just outside town, in the foothills of the [[Santa Cruz Mountains]].<ref name="City council hasn't told">{{Cite news
| last = Doyle | first = William T.
| title = What the city council has not told us about university expansion
| newspaper = Santa Cruz Sentinel
| publisher = MediaNews Group
| date = October 1, 2006
| url = http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=42181
| accessdate =February 19, 2010}}</ref> The Santa Cruz site was selected over a competing proposal to build the campus closer to the population center of [[San Jose, California|San Jose]]. Santa Cruz was selected for the beauty, rather than the practicality, of its location, however, and its remoteness led to the decision to develop a residential college system that would house most of the students on-campus.<ref name="McHenry UCSC origins">{{Cite book
| last = McHenry | first = Dean E.
| editor1-last = Spedding Calciano | editor1-first = Elizabeth
| title = Volume II The University of California, Santa Cruz: Its Origins, Architecture, Academic Planning and Early Faculty Appointments 1958–1968
| publisher = UC Santa Cruz | year = 1974 | page = 59
| url = http://library.ucsc.edu/reg-hist/McHenryvolume2.pdf | format = PDF |accessdate=February 19, 2010}}</ref> The formal design process of the Santa Cruz campus began in the late 1950s, culminating in the Long Range Development Plan of 1963.<ref name="1963 LRDP">{{cite web
| title = Long Range Development Plan, University of California Santa Cruz
| publisher = UC Santa Cruz Campus Planning Committee
| date = October 21, 1963
| url = http://ppc.ucsc.edu/cp/planning/1963_lrdp.pdf | format = PDF
| accessdate =February 19, 2010}}</ref> Construction had started by 1964, and the University was able to accommodate its first students (albeit living in trailers on what is now the East Field athletic area) in 1965. The campus was intended to be a showcase for contemporary architecture, progressive teaching methods, and undergraduate research.<ref name="UC Regents history">{{cite web
| title = Santa Cruz: Historical Overview
| work = University of California History Digital Archives
| publisher = Regents of the University of California
| date = June 18, 2004
| url = http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/~ucalhist/general_history/campuses/ucsc/overview.html
| accessdate =February 19, 2010}}</ref><ref name="Stadtman">{{Cite book
| last = Stadtman | first = Verne A.
| title = The Centennial Record of the University of California, 1868–1968
| publisher = Regents of the University of California | year = 1967
| url = http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=hb4v19n9zb&brand=calisphere
| chapter = Santa Cruz | pages= 503–504
| chapterurl = http://content.cdlib.org/xtf/view?docId=hb4v19n9zb&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=div01036&toc.depth=1&toc.id=div01036&brand=calisphere | accessdate =February 19, 2010}}</ref><ref name="Burchyns 45 years">{{Cite news
| last = Burchyns | first = Tony
| title = It's been 45 years since UCSC was founded – and Santa Cruz was irrecoverably changed
| newspaper = Santa Cruz Sentinel
| publisher = MediaNews Group
| date = June 25, 2006
| url = http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=39666
| accessdate =February 19, 2010}}</ref> According to founding chancellor [[Dean McHenry]], the purpose of the distributed college system was to combine the benefits of a major [[research university]] with the intimacy of a smaller college.<ref name="Burns">{{Cite journal
| last = Burns | first = Jim
| title = Dean E. McHenry, founding chancellor of UC Santa Cruz, dies at 87
| magazine = Currents
| volume = 2
| issue = 30
| publisher = University of California Santa Cruz
| date = March 17, 1998
| url = http://www.ucsc.edu/oncampus/currents/97-98/03-23/release.htm
| accessdate =February 19, 2010}}</ref><ref name="Burchyns future">{{Cite news
| last = Burchyns | first = Tony
| title = Unlike its nondescript past, UC Santa Cruz's future takes center stage
| newspaper = Santa Cruz Sentinel | publisher = MediaNews Group
| date = July 2, 2006 | url = http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=39839
| accessdate =February 19, 2010}}</ref> UC President [[Clark Kerr]] shared a passion with former [[Stanford]] roommate McHenry to build a university modeled as "several [[Swarthmore College|Swarthmores]]" (i.e., small [[liberal arts college]]s) in close proximity to each other.<ref name="Burns"/><ref>{{Cite book
| last = Kerr | first = Clark
| title = The Gold and the Blue: A Personal Memoir of the University of California, 1949–1967 Volume I: Academic Triumphs
| publisher = University of California Press
| year = 2001 | page = 261
| url = http://books.google.com/?id=jMEZ_47vXkAC
| isbn = 978-0-520-22367-7 |oclc= 46240365 |accessdate=February 19, 2010}}</ref> Roads on campus were named after [[Regents of the University of California|UC Regents]] who voted in favor of building the campus.

[[Image:UCSC McHenry Library.jpg|thumb|left|McHenry Library]]

===Impact on Santa Cruz===
Although the city of [[Santa Cruz, California|Santa Cruz]] already exhibited a strong [[conservation ethic]] before the founding of the university, the coincidental rise of the [[counterculture of the 1960s]] with the university's establishment fundamentally altered its subsequent development. Early student and faculty activism at UCSC pioneered an approach to environmentalism that greatly impacted the industrial development of the surrounding area.<ref>
{{Cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=27810
|title=35 years later, students’ environmental report seems prescient
|newspaper=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=February 3, 2008
|last=Seals
|first=Brian
|date=July 10, 2005
}}
</ref> The lowering of the voting age to 18 in 1971 led to the emergence of a powerful student-voting bloc.<ref name="Burchins3">
{{Cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=40020
|title=1980s ushered in discussion of UCSC expansion that continues today
|newspaper=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=February 2, 2008
|date=July 9, 2006
|last=Burchyns
|first=Tony
}}
</ref> A large and growing population of politically [[progressivism|liberal]] UCSC [[alumnus|alumni]] changed the electorate of the town from predominantly [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]<ref>
{{Cite news
|last=Honig
|first=Tom
|title=Santa Cruz was once Reagan country
|date=June 4, 2004
|newspaper=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|url=
}}
</ref>
to markedly [[Left-wing politics|left-leaning]], consistently voting against expansion measures on the part of both [[town and gown]]. [[Mike Rotkin]], UCSC alumnus, lecturer in [[Community studies|Community Studies]], and self-described '[[socialist feminism|socialist-feminist]],' has served as Mayor of Santa Cruz several times.
{| cellpadding=3 cellspacing=6 style="float:right; margin:5px; border:3px solid;"
! style="width: 40px; height: 40px; background: #285991; text-align: center; font-size: 24pt; color: #FFDF82;" |'''UCSC'''
! style="background:white;"| '''Chancellors'''
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| <timeline>
# All measures all in pixels
ImageSize = width:170 height:570
PlotArea = width: 26 height:500 left:40 bottom:65
AlignBars = early

DateFormat = yyyy
Period = from:1960 till:2009
TimeAxis = orientation:vertical
ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:1960

# there is no automatic collision detection,
# so shift texts up or down manually to avoid overlap

Define $dx = 25 # shift text to right side of bar

Legend = columns:2 left:20 top:40 columnwidth:100

Colors =
id:invested value:rgb(0.16,0.35,0.57) legend:Invested
id:acting value:rgb(1,0.87,0.51) legend:Acting

PlotData=
bar:Leaders width:25 mark:(line,white) align:left fontsize:S
from:1961 till:1974 shift:($dx,-3) color:Invested text:[[Dean McHenry]]
from:1974 till:1976 shift:($dx,-3) color:Invested text:Mark Christensen
from:1976 till:1977 shift:($dx,-3) color:Invested text:Angus Taylor
from:1977 till:1987 shift:($dx,-3) color:Invested text:Robert Sinsheimer
from:1987 till:1991 shift:($dx,-3) color:Invested text:Robert Stevens
from:1991 till:1996 shift:($dx,-3) color:Invested text:Karl Pister
from:1996 till:2004 shift:($dx,-5) color:Invested text:M.R.C. Greenwood
from:2004 till:2005 shift:($dx,-5) color:Acting text:Martin Chemers
from:2005 till:2006 shift:($dx,-5) color:Invested text:[[Denice Denton]] †
from:2006 till:end shift:($dx,+1) color:Invested text:[[George Blumenthal]]

</timeline>
::†Died in office
|}

===Expansion plans===
{{main|Long Range Development Plan (UCSC)}}
[[Long Range Development Plan (UCSC)|Plans]] for increasing enrollment over the next 14 years to 19,500 students, adding 1,500 faculty and staff, and, secondarily the anticipated environmental impacts of such action encountered opposition from the city, the local community, and the student body.<ref>{{Cite news | last=Marshall | first=Carolyn | title=As College Grows, a City Is Asking, ‘Who Will Pay?’ | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/19/us/19campus.html | date=January 27, 2007 | newspaper=[[New York Times]] | accessdate=January 16, 2008}}</ref><ref>
{{Cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=40191
|title=Tie-dyed philosophy majors of the past make way for pencil-protected science majors
|newspaper=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=February 2, 2008
|date=July 16, 2006
|last=Burchyns
|first=Tony
}}
</ref> City voters in 2006 passed two measures calling on UCSC to pay for the impacts of campus growth. A Santa Cruz Superior Court judge invalidated the measures, ruling they were improperly put on the ballot. In 2008, the university, city, county and neighborhood organizations reached an agreement to set aside numerous lawsuits and allow the expansion to occur. UCSC agreed to local government scrutiny of its north campus expansion plans, to provide housing for 67 percent of the additional students on campus, and to pay municipal development and water fees.<ref name="bookwalter">{{cite news|url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_10150203|title=Suits over UCSC growth settled: City, county, neighbors reach deal; university agrees to concessions over roads, water and housing|last=Bookwalter|first=Genevieve|date=August 9, 2008|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]|accessdate=September 18, 2008}}</ref>

George Blumenthal, UCSC's 10th Chancellor, intends to mitigate growth constraints in Santa Cruz by developing off-campus sites in [[Silicon Valley]]. The [[NASA Ames Research Center]] campus is planned to ultimately hold 2,000 UCSC students – about 10% of the entire university's future student body as envisioned for 2020.<ref>{{cite news | last= Krieger | first= Lisa M. | title= Think of UCSC as UC-Silicon Valley, new chancellor says | url= http://www.mercurynews.com/ci_7044109 | publisher= [[Mercury News]] | date= September 30, 2007 | accessdate=October 28, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last=Mills | first=Kay | title=Changes at "Oxford on the Pacific," UC Santa Cruz turns to engineering and technology | url=http://www.highereducation.org/crosstalk/ct0401/news0401-changesoxfordpacific.shtml | journal=National Crosstalk | publisher=National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education | volume=9 | date=Spring, 2001 | accessdate=January 28, 2008 | issue=2}}</ref>

In April 2010, UC Santa Cruz opened its new $35 million Digital Arts Research Center; a project in planning since 2004.<ref>
{{cite web
| url = http://www.mercurynews.com/breaking-news/ci_14986867?nclick_check=1
| title = UCSC cuts ribbon on $35 million digital arts building
| author = Megha Satyanarayana
| date = April 29, 2010
| accessdate =May 3, 2010
| publisher = San Jose Mercury News
}}
</ref>

==Campus==
[[Image:UCSC & Santa Cruz Aerial view.jpg|thumb|left|UCSC & Santa Cruz aerial view. The Great Meadow is the undeveloped area between city and university]]
The {{convert|6088|acre|ha|adj=on}} UCSC campus is located {{convert|75|mi|km}} south of San Francisco, in the Ben Lomond Mountain ridge of the [[Santa Cruz Mountains]]. Elevation varies from {{convert|285|ft|m}} at the campus entrance to {{convert|1195|ft|m}} at the northern boundary, a difference of about {{convert|900|ft|m}}. The southern portion of the campus primarily consists of a large, open [[meadow]], locally known as the Great Meadow. To the north of the meadow lie most of the campus' buildings, many of them among [[Sequoia sempervirens|redwood]] groves. The campus is bounded on the south by the city's upper-west-side neighborhoods, on the east by Harvey West Park<ref>
{{cite web
|title=Parks and Recreation – Harvey West Park
|url=http://www.santacruzparksandrec.com/parks/harvey.html
|accessdate=May 4, 2006
}}
</ref>
and the [[Pogonip (park)|Pogonip open space preserve]],<ref>
{{cite web
|title=Parks and Recreation – Pogonip
|url=http://www.santacruzparksandrec.com/parks/pogo.html
|accessdate=May 4, 2006
}}
</ref> on the north by [[Henry Cowell Redwoods State Park]]<ref>
{{cite web
|title=Henry Cowell Redwoods SP
|url=http://www.parks.ca.gov/default.asp?page_id=546
|accessdate=May 4, 2006
}}
</ref>
near the town of [[Felton, California|Felton]], and on the west by [[Gray Whale Ranch]], a portion of [[Wilder Ranch State Park]].<ref>
{{cite web
|title=Wilder Ranch SP
|url=http://www.parks.ca.gov/default.asp?page_id=549
|accessdate=May 4, 2006
}}
</ref>
The campus is built on a portion of the [[Cowell Lime Works|Cowell Family ranch]], which was purchased by the University of California in 1961.<ref>
{{Cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=11341
|title=The original City on a Hill
|newspaper=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=February 5, 2008
|last=Redfern
|first=Cathy
|date=September 2, 2001
}}
</ref> The northern half of the campus property has remained in its undeveloped, forested state apart from fire roads and hiking and bicycle trails. The heavily forested area has allowed UC Santa Cruz to operate a [[RV park|recreational vehicle park]] as a form of student housing.<ref>
{{cite web
| title=UC Santa Cruz – University Family Student Housing
| url=http://www.housing.ucsc.edu/sponsored-housing/rv-index.html
| accessdate=October 27, 2006
}}
</ref>

[[Image:Bridge across ravine at UCSC.jpg|thumb|left|Bridge across ravine.]]
A number of [[shrines]], dens and other student-built curiosities are scattered around the northern campus. These structures, mostly assembled from branches and other forest detritus, were formerly concentrated in the area known as Elfland, a glen the University razed in 1992 to build colleges Nine and Ten. Students were able to relocate and save some of the structures, however.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_8888134
|title='An Unnatural History of UCSC' traces the evolution of a magical campus setting – Santa Cruz Sentinel
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=April 13, 2008
|accessdate=April 12, 2008
|last=Baine
|first=Wallace
}}
</ref><ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CEEDF173AF931A25752C0A964958260
|title=CAMPUS LIFE: California, Santa Cruz; Redwood Haven Inspires Battle Over an Elfland
|work=New York Times
|date=January 12, 1992
|accessdate=April 12, 2008
}}
</ref>

Creeks traverse the UCSC campus within several ravines. Footbridges span those ravines on pedestrian paths linking various areas of campus. The footbridges make it possible to walk to any part of campus within 20 minutes in spite of the campus being built on a mountainside with varying elevations.<ref>{{cite web | title=UCSC Walking Map | url=http://maps.ucsc.edu/cdwalkingmap.html |accessdate=March 15, 2011}} {{Dead link|date=April 2012|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> At night, orange lights illuminate the occasionally fogged-in paths.<ref>{{cite web | title=Flickr: Oaks Path Night | url=http://www.flickr.com/photos/exitfromreality/55520898/ |accessdate=March 15, 2011}}</ref>

There are a number of natural points of interest throughout the UCSC grounds. The "Porter Caves" are a popular site among students on the west side of campus. The entrance is located in the forest between the [[Porter College]] meadow and Empire Grade Road. The caves wind through a set of caverns, some of which are challenging, narrow passages. Tree Nine is another popular destination for students. A large [[Douglas Fir]] spanning approximately {{convert|103|ft|m}} tall, Tree Nine is located in the upper campus of UCSC behind [[College Nine]]. The tree had been a popular climbing spot for many years but due to environmental corrosion and fear of student injuries, UC ground services sawed off the limbs to make it nearly impossible to climb.<ref>Tovin Lapan, [http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_16240649 "UCSC attempts to stop students from climbing campus favorite 'Tree Nine' "] ' 'Santa Cruz Sentinel' ' , October 3, 2010</ref> For specific directions, reference: [http://www.wikihow.com/Find-Tree-Nine-at-the-University-of-California-in-Santa-Cruz directions to Tree Nine] For the less experienced tree-climber, students also frequent Sunset Tree located on the east side of the meadow behind the UCSC Music Center.<ref>
[http://www.es.ucsc.edu/%7Ees10/fieldtripUCSC/index.html UCSC campus map showing cave location], [http://www.es.ucsc.edu/%7Ees10/fieldtripUCSC/cave.html Empire Cave]. Retrieved October 27, 2006.</ref>

The UCSC campus is also one of the few homes to [[Mima Mounds]] in the United States. They are extremely rare in the United States and in the world in general.
{{-}}
{{wide image|Panorama of Great Meadow, UCSC.jpg|1250px|<div class="center">|Panorama of Great Meadow.</div>}}

==Academics==
The university offers 63 undergraduate majors and 35 minors, with graduate programs in 33 fields.<ref>
{{cite web
|title=UC Santa Cruz – Academic Programs
|url=http://www.ucsc.edu/academics/
|accessdate=May 27, 2009
}}
</ref>
Popular undergraduate majors include Art, [[Business management|Business Management Economics]], [[Molecular biology|Molecular and Cell Biology]], and [[Psychology]].<ref>
{{cite web
|title=University of California, Santa Cruz (Statistics)
|work=The Princeton Review
|url=http://www.princetonreview.com/college/research/profiles/academics.asp?listing=1023551&ltid=1&intbucketid=
|accessdate=June 29, 2006
}} (Note: Registration required)
</ref>
Interdisciplinary programs, such as Feminist Studies, American Studies, [[Environmental studies|Environmental Studies]], Visual Studies, Digital Arts and New Media, and the unique [[History of Consciousness]] Department are also hosted alongside UCSC's more traditional academic departments.

In an effort to cut $13 million, as required by the University of California office of the President and Board of Regents in a decision to cut 10% from the budget of each campus, UCSC nearly eliminated its longstanding and sometimes controversial undergraduate major Community Studies in 2009. The interdisciplinary major continues to be offered, though cuts to department staff raised concern by students that the curriculum has already been seriously damaged. Community Studies and other majors within the Social Sciences division, including some graduate programs, remain threatened by more cuts expected in the near future.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_12295850|title=Community Studies takes first cuts: UCSC staffers get pink slips in wake of $13 million deficit|last=Bookwalter|first=Genevieve|date=May 5, 2009|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]|accessdate=May 24, 2009}}</ref>
[[Image:UCSC farm rows.jpg|right|thumb|Organic farm rows]]
[[Image:BaskEng1Eng2Plza.JPG|right|thumb|Baskin Engineering Plaza]]

===Research===
Although designed as a liberal arts-oriented university, UCSC quickly acquired a graduate-level [[natural science]] research component with the appointment of plant physiologist [[Kenneth V. Thimann]] as the first provost of [[Crown College, University of California, Santa Cruz|Crown College]]. Thimann developed UCSC's early Division of Natural Sciences and recruited other well-known science faculty and graduate students to the fledgling campus.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://library.ucsc.edu/library/reg-hist/thimann.pdf|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20060714160609/http://library.ucsc.edu/library/reg-hist/thimann.pdf|archivedate=July 14, 2006|title=Kenneth V. Thimann: Early UCSC History and the Founding of Crown College|last=Jarrell|first=Randall|year=1997|work=Regional History Project|publisher=University of California, Santa Cruz|pages=11–34|accessdate=May 14, 2009}}</ref> Immediately upon its founding, UCSC was also granted administrative responsibility for the [[Lick Observatory]], which established the campus as a major center for [[astronomy]] research.<ref name="Clark">{{cite web|url=http://library.ucsc.edu/reg-hist/clark|title=Donald T. Clark: Early UCSC History and the Founding of the University Library|last=Jarell|first=Randall|year=1993|work=Regional History Project|publisher=University of California, Santa Cruz|pages=76–81|accessdate=May 14, 2009}}</ref> Founding members of the Social Science and Humanities faculty created the unique [[History of Consciousness]] graduate program in UCSC's first year of operation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://digitalcollections.ucsc.edu/cdm/ref/collection/p265101coll13/id/3700|title=Dean E. McHenry: Founding Chancellor of the University of California, Santa Cruz, Volume II: The University of California, Santa Cruz: Its Origins, Architecture, Academic Planning, and Early Faculty Appointments, 1958–1968|last=Calciano|first=Elizabeth Spelding|year=1974|work=Regional History Project|publisher=University of California, Santa Cruz|pages=298–305|accessdate=October 31, 2013}}</ref>

UCSC's [[Center for Agroecology & Sustainable Food Systems|organic farm and garden program]] is the oldest in the country, and pioneered [[organic horticulture]] techniques internationally.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=28428
|title=Country’s oldest organic school hails from UC Santa Cruz
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=February 8, 2008
|last=Ragan
|first=Tom
|date=July 31, 2005
}}
</ref><ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=20436
|title=Apprentices spread UC farm techniques far and wide
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=February 8, 2008
|last=Kreiger
|first=Kathy
|date=October 10, 2002
}}
</ref>

{{As of|2009}}, UCSC's faculty and emeriti include 13 members of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]], 20 members of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences|Academy of Arts and Sciences]], and 28 members of the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]].<ref name="overview" /> The young [[Baskin School of Engineering]], UCSC's first professional school and home to the [[Expressive Intelligence Studio]], and the Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbse.ucsc.edu/|title=Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering|publisher=University of California|accessdate=February 20, 2010|location=Santa Cruz}}</ref> are gaining recognition, as has the work that UCSC researchers [[David Haussler]] and [[Jim Kent]] have done on the [[Human Genome Project]],<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2000/07/07/MN28840.DTL
|title=UC Santa Cruz Puts Human Genome Online, Programming wizard does job in 4 weeks
|work=San Francisco Chronicle
|date=August 7, 2000
|accessdate=February 4, 2008
|last=Abate
|first=Tom
}}
</ref><ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F06E4DE1E31F930A25751C0A9679C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=1
|title=Reading the book of life; Grad Student Becomes Gene Effort's Unlikely Hero
|work=New York Times
|date=February 13, 2001
|accessdate=April 15, 2008
|last=Wade
|first=Nickolas
}}
</ref> including the widely used [[UCSC Genome Browser]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://genome.ucsc.edu/|title=UCSC Genome Browser|publisher=University of California|accessdate=February 20, 2010|location=Santa Cruz}}</ref> UCSC administers the [[National Science Foundation]]'s Center for Adaptive Optics.<ref name="CAO">{{cite web|url=http://cfao.ucolick.org|title=Center for Adaptive Optics|publisher=[[University of California]]|accessdate=February 20, 2010|location=Santa Cruz}}</ref>

Off-campus research facilities maintained by UCSC include the [[Lick Observatory|Lick]] and [[W. M. Keck Observatory|Keck]] Observatories and the [[Long Marine Laboratory]]. In September 2003, a ten-year task order contract valued at more than $330 million was awarded by [[NASA Ames Research Center]] to the University of California to establish and operate a University Affiliated Research System (UARC). UCSC manages the UARC for the University of California.<ref>
{{cite web
|title=UARC – Index
|url=http://uarc.arc.nasa.gov
|accessdate=May 4, 2006
}}
</ref>

===Rankings===
{{Infobox US university ranking
| ARWU_W = 101-150
| ARWU_N = 53-67
| BW =
| EC =
| FT =
| GUR =
| THES_W = 136
| THES_N =
| USNWR_NU = 86
| CGC_NU =
| Wamo_NU = 67
| WSJ =
| Forbes = 159
| QS_W = 307
| URAP =
}}
UC Santa Cruz was 86th in the list of Best National Universities in the United States by ''[[US News & World Report]]'''s 2014 rankings.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/rankings/national-universities/spp%2B50/page+2 |title= America's Best Colleges 2014: National University Rankings |publisher=''US News & World Report''}}</ref> In 2013 ''[[Kiplinger]]'' ranked UC Santa Cruz 54th out of the top 100 best-value public colleges and universities in the nation, and 8th in California.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.kiplinger.com/tool/college/T014-S001-kiplinger-s-best-values-in-public-colleges/index.php |work=[[Kiplinger's Personal Finance|Kiplinger]] |title=Kiplinger's Best Values in Public Colleges |date=2013-01-15}}</ref> In 2012, it was ranked 67th best by ''[[Washington Monthly]]''.<ref name="The Washington Monthly ranking">{{cite web|url=http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/college_guide/rankings_2012/national_university_state.php|title=Washington Monthly ranking|accessdate=November 12, 2012}}</ref> In 2013–2014, UC Santa Cruz was rated 136th in the world by [[Times Higher Education World University Rankings|''Times Higher Education'' World University Rankings]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/2013-14/world-ranking |title=World University Rankings 2013-2014 |publisher=Times Higher Education}}</ref> In 2013 it was placed in the #101-150 tier of best universities in the world by the [[Academic Ranking of World Universities]]<ref name="Academic Ranking of World Universities - 2013">{{cite web |url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/ARWU2013.html |title=Academic Ranking of World Universities - 2013}}</ref> and 307th worldwide by the ''[[QS World University Rankings]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2012?page=12 |title=''QS World University Rankings''-2013 |publisher=Quacquarelli Symonds}}</ref>

In 2009, RePEc, an online database of research economics articles, ranked the UCSC Economics Department sixth in the world in the field of international finance.<ref>
{{cite web
| title=Economics web site ranks UCSC sixth in the world for research on international finance
| url=http://www.ucsc.edu/news_events/text.asp?pid=3363
| accessdate=November 12, 2009
}}
</ref>
In 2007, ''High Times'' magazine placed UCSC as first among US universities as a "counterculture college."<ref>
{{cite web
| title=UCSC ranked 1st in High Times 2007
| url=http://hightimes.com/news/ht_admin/3637
| accessdate=October 14, 2008
}}
</ref>
In 2009, ''[[The Princeton Review]]'' (with ''[[Gamepro]]'' magazine) ranked UC Santa Cruz's Game Design major among the top 50 in the country.<ref>
{{cite web
| title=UCSC ranked in top 50 for Game Design
| url=http://www.princetonreview.com/game-design.aspx
| accessdate=November 5, 2010
}}
</ref>
In 2011, ''The Princeton Review'' and ''Gamepro Media'' ranked UC Santa Cruz's graduate programs in Game Design as seventh in the nation.<ref>
{{cite web
| title=Top Graduate Schools for Video Game Design 2011
| url=http://www.princetonreview.com/top-graduate-schools-for-video-game-design.aspx
}}
</ref>
In 2012, UCSC was ranked No. 3 in the Most Beautiful Campus list of ''Princeton Review''.<ref>Franek, Robert. The Best 376 Colleges, 2012 Edition. The Princeton Review. Print.</ref>

==Residential colleges==
[[Image:BaskEng1Entr.JPG|thumb|Approaching Baskin Engineering from McLaughlin Drive]]
The undergraduate program, with only the partial exception of those majors run through the University's School of Engineering, is still based on the version of the "[[residential college|residential college system]]" outlined by Clark Kerr and Dean McHenry at the inception of their original plans for the campus (see [[University of California, Santa Cruz#History|History]], above). Upon admission, all undergraduate students have the opportunity to choose one of ten colleges, with which they usually stay affiliated for their entire undergraduate careers.<ref name="collegesection">
{{cite web
|title=UCSC General Catalog 2004–2006 (The Colleges section)
|accessdate=June 29, 2006
|url=http://reg.ucsc.edu/catalog/html/04_06colleges.htm
|archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20060627051850/http://reg.ucsc.edu/catalog/html/04_06colleges.htm  |archivedate = June 27, 2006}}
</ref>
There are cases where some students switch college affiliations as each college holds a different graduation ceremony.
Almost all faculty members are affiliated with a college as well.<ref name="collegesection"/>
The individual colleges provide housing and dining services, while the university as a whole offers courses and majors to the general student community.<ref name="collegesection"/> Other universities with similar college systems include [[Rice University]] and the [[University of California, San Diego]].

Each of the colleges has its own, distinctive architectural style and a resident faculty [[provost (education)|provost]], who is the nominal head of his or her college.<ref name="collegesection"/> An incoming first-year student will take a mandatory "core course" within his or her respective college, with a curriculum and central theme unique to that college.<ref name="collegesection"/> College resident populations vary from about 750 to 1,550 students, with roughly half of undergraduates living on campus within their college community or in smaller, intramural campus communities such as the International Living Center, the Trailer Park, and the Village.<ref name="collegesection"/> Coursework, academic majors and general areas of study are not limited by college membership, although colleges host the offices of many academic departments. Graduate students are not affiliated with a residential college, though a large portion of their offices, too, have historically tended to be based in the colleges. The ten colleges are, in order of establishment:

<div class="center"><gallery caption="The Residential Colleges" widths="" heights="" perrow="5">
Image:Cowell College.jpg|<center>[[Cowell College]]</center>
Image:Stevenson College.jpg|<center>[[Stevenson College (University of California, Santa Cruz)|Stevenson College]]
Image:Clock tower, crown college, ucsc.jpg|<center>[[Crown College, University of California, Santa Cruz|Crown College]]</center>
Image:Merrill_College.jpg|<center>[[Merrill College]]</center>
Image:Porter College, entrance, UCSC.jpg|<center>[[Porter College]]</center>
Image:KresgeApartmentsandLaundry.JPG|<center>[[Kresge College]]</center>
File:Oakes College 1.jpg|<center>[[Oakes College]]</center>
File:UCSC College Eight.jpg|<center>[[College Eight]]</center>
Image:College 9.jpg|<center>[[College Nine]]</center>
Image:College 10.jpg|<center>[[College Ten]]</center>
</center>
</gallery></div>

===Admissions, enrollment and retention===
{|style= "float:right; text-align:center; font-size:85%; margin:auto;" class="wikitable"
|+ ''First-Time Enrolled Freshman Profile''<ref>[http://planning.ucsc.edu/irps/ugAdmissions.asp UC Santa Cruz - Institutional Research & Policy Studies - Office of Planning and Budget]. Planning.ucsc.edu. Retrieved July 21, 2013.</ref><ref>[http://planning.ucsc.edu/irps/studentCharacteristics.asp#Academic1213 UC Santa Cruz - Institutional Research & Policy Studies - Office of Planning and Budget]. Planning.ucsc.edu. Retrieved July 21, 2013.</ref><ref name="planning.ucsc.edu">http://planning.ucsc.edu/irps/StudentCharacteristics/2012-13/HS_GPA_and_Transfer_GPA_of_New_Frosh_and_Transfers_by_Gender.pdf</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://planning.ucsc.edu/portrait/docs/ucsc_profile.pdf |title=UC Santa Cruz Profile - 2011; p.2 |publisher=UC Santa Cruz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.ucsc.edu/2013/04/admits-fall13.html |title=Fall 2013 freshman class at UC Santa Cruz is one of the most selective |publisher=UC Santa Cruz |date=18 April 2013}}</ref>
! !! 2013 (preliminary)!! 2012 !! 2011 !! 2010 !! 2009

|-
! Freshman Applicants
| 38,515 || 33,148 || 28,236 || 27,658 || 27,249
|-
! Admitted
| 18,703 ||20,142 ||19,228 || 17,843 || 17,490
|-
! % Admitted
| <center>48.6</center> ||<center>60.8</center> || <center>68.1</center> || <center>64.5</center> || <center>64.2</center>
|-
! Enrollment
| <center><center/> ||<center>3,826<center/> || <center>3,606<center/> || <center>3,291<center/> || <center>3,644<center/>
|-
! Average GPA
| <center><center> || <center>3.59<center/> ||<center>3.59<center/> || <center>3.61<center/> || <center>3.61<center/>
|-
! Average SAT (out of 2400)
| <center><center/> || <center>1639<center/> || <center>1699<center/> || <center>1694<center/> || <center>1719<center/>
|}

For the fall 2012 term, UCSC offered admission to 20,142 freshmen out of 33,148 applicants, an acceptance rate of 60.8%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/campuses/santa-cruz/freshman-profile/index.html|title=Freshman Admission Profile.|accessdate=November 12, 2012}}</ref> The Fall 2012 entering freshman class had an average high school GPA of 3.59,<ref name="planning.ucsc.edu"/> an average ACT Composite score of 26,{{citation needed|date=February 2013}} and an average combined SAT score of 1639.<ref>http://planning.ucsc.edu/irps/StudentCharacteristics/2012-13/SAT_scores_of_New_Frosh_by_Gender.pdf</ref>
UCSC hopes to contain the entering class to about 3,700 students.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=75972
|title=UCSC offers record admissions, but plans to hold enrollment
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=April 15, 2008
|last=Brown
|first=J.M.
|date=April 15, 2008
}}
</ref>
In the school year 2010-11, UCSC enrolled 16,451 undergraduates and 1,452 graduate and postgraduate students, for a student body total of 17,903.<ref name="stats">
{{cite web
|title=UC Santa Cruz – Facts & Figures
|url=http://www.ucsc.edu/about/facts-figures.html
|accessdate=November 12, 2012
}}
</ref>
In general, graduation and retention rates are above national averages but below the mean among UC campuses. Among students who entered in 1999, 70% graduated within six years, ten percentage points below the UC average. Earlier statistics show that the six-year graduation rate is above the mean for both NCAA Division I schools and a sample of major universities throughout the United States.<ref>
{{cite web
|title=UC Santa Cruz – Retention & Graduation
|url=http://planning.ucsc.edu/retention/
|accessdate=June 28, 2006
}}
</ref>
About half of graduates pursue further education, and 13 percent proceed to advanced degree programs within six months of graduation.<ref>
{{cite web
|title=UC Santa Cruz – WASC Accreditation Process
|url=http://planning.ucsc.edu/wasc/EEReview/UGeduc.htm
|accessdate=June 28, 2006
}}
</ref>

===Grading===
For most of its history, UCSC employed a unique [[Grading in the United States|student evaluation]] system. With the exception of the choice of letter grades in science courses the only [[grade (education)|grades]] assigned were "pass" and "no record", supplemented with [[narrative evaluation]]s. Beginning in 1997, UCSC allowed students the option of selecting letter grade evaluations, but course grades were still optional until 2000, when faculty voted to require students receive letter grades. Students were still given narrative evaluations to complement the letter grades. {{As of|2010}}, the narrative evaluations were deemed an unnecessary expenditure. Still, some professors write evaluations for all students while some would write evaluations for specific students upon request.<ref>
{{Cite news
|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2000/02/24/MN88561.DTL
|title=UC Santa Cruz To Start Using Letter Grades
|newspaper=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]
|accessdate=February 2, 2008
|last=Schevitz
|first=Tanya
|date=February 24, 2000
}}
</ref> Students can still elect to receive a "pass/no pass" grade, but many academic programs limit or even forbid pass/no pass grading. A grade of C and above would receive a grade of "pass". Overall, students may now earn no more than 25% of their UCSC credits on a "pass/no pass" basis. Although the default grading option for almost all courses offered is now "graded", most course grades are still accompanied by written evaluations.<ref>
{{cite web
|title=UCSC Discover – Academics
|url=http://admissions.ucsc.edu/discover/faq/academics.cfm
|accessdate=June 29, 2006
|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20060619125820/http://admissions.ucsc.edu/discover/faq/academics.cfm 
|archivedate=June 19, 2006
}}
</ref>

==Library==
[[Image:McHenry Library stacks, University of California Santa Cruz.jpg|thumb|McHenry Library stacks]]
The [[McHenry Library]] houses UCSC's arts and letters collection, with most of the scientific reading at the newer Science and Engineering Library. The McHenry Library was designed by [[John Carl Warnecke]].<ref name="Clark"/> In addition, the colleges host smaller libraries, which serve as quiet places to study. The McHenry Special Collections Library includes the archives of [[Robert A. Heinlein]], the largest collection of [[Edward Weston]] photographs in the country, the [[mycology]] book collection of composer [[John Cage]], a large collection of works by [[Satyajit Ray]], the [[Hayden White]] collection of 16th-century Italian printing, a photography collection with nearly half a million items, and the Mary Lea Shane Archive. The latter contains an extensive collection of photographs, letters, and other documents related to [[Lick Observatory]] dating back to 1870.<ref>
{{cite web
|title=UCSC Special Collections—Introduction
|url=http://library.ucsc.edu/speccoll/collections/collections_intro.html
|accessdate=May 4, 2006
}}
</ref>

A {{convert|82000|sqft|m2|sing=on}} new addition to the library opened on March 31, 2008, including a "cyber study" room and a Global Village café. The original {{convert|144000|sqft|m2|sing=on}} library reopened on June 22, 2011 after seismic upgrades and other renovations.<ref>{{cite web | title=A library for the 21st century: McHenry turns a page | url=http://www.ucsc.edu/news_events/text.asp?pid=2474 | accessdate=September 27, 2008}}</ref><ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_9050809
|title=UCSC's McHenry Library gets a facelift steeped in 'green' design principles
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=April 25, 2008
|accessdate=April 25, 2008
|last=Brown
|first=J.M.
}}
</ref>

===Grateful Dead archive===
In 2008, UCSC agreed to house the [[Grateful Dead]] archives at the [[McHenry Library]].<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/24/us/24grateful.html?_r=1&oref=slogin
|title=A Deadhead’s Dream for a Campus Archive
|work=New York Times
|date=April 24, 2008
|accessdate=April 24, 2008
|last=McKinley
|first=Jesse
}}
</ref><ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/04/23/DDML109ACN.DTL
|title=Grateful Dead archives going to UC Santa Cruz
|work=San Francisco Chronicle
|date=April 24, 2008
|accessdate=April 24, 2008
|last=McMahon
|first=Regan
}}
</ref> UCSC plans to devote an entire room at the library, to be called "Dead Central," to display the collection and encourage research.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_9036864
|title=Slugs and Roses: Grateful Dead to donate memorabilia to UC Santa Cruz archives
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=April 24, 2008
|accessdate=April 24, 2008
|last=Brown
|first=J.M.
}}
</ref> UCSC beat out petitions from Stanford and UC Berkeley to house the archives. Grateful Dead guitarist [[Bob Weir]] said that UCSC is "a seat of neo-Bohemian culture that we're a facet of. There could not have been a cozier place for this collection to land."<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_9050818
|title=Grateful Dead says UC Santa Cruz proposed sweetest deal to store archives
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=April 25, 2008
|accessdate=April 25, 2008
|last=Brown
|first=J.M.
}}
</ref> Silicon Valley entrepreneurs and Dead fans [[Roger McNamee]] and [[Bill Watkins (Seagate)|Bill Watkins]] are expected to join a committee to oversee and raise funds for the project.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB120898412777739385.html
|title=California University Gets 'Grateful Dead' Archive
|work=Wall Street Journal
|accessdate=April 25, 2008
|date=April 24, 2008
|last=Clark
|first=Don
}}
</ref> The archive became open to the public July 29, 2012.

==Student life==
According to a 2002 study of first-year students, most students come from [[affluent]] backgrounds and are more likely to identify as [[Liberalism in the United States|liberal]] than the [[Average Joe|national average]].<ref name="CIRP">{{cite web|url=http://planning.ucsc.edu/irps/Enrollmt/FRESH02/CIRP2002%20Alternate.pdf|title=Higher Education Research Institute. (Fall 2002). CIRP Freshman Survey.|accessdate=July 13, 2007|format=PDF}}</ref> The [[median household income]] UCSC students reported for their families of origin was $80,600, roughly 87.5% above the national average in 2002.<ref name="CIRP"/> In terms of political orientation, the student body was far more liberal than the general U.S. population, but more [[centrism|centrist]] than the national average for professors.<ref name="CIRP"/> The majority of respondents, 59%, identified as liberal, 34% as "Middle of the Road" and 8% as [[Conservatism in the United States|conservative]].<ref name="CIRP"/> Though UCSC students come from throughout the United States and the world, a large majority are from California. The following tables show the ethnic and regional breakdown of the student body:
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:400px; float:left;"
|| '''Ethnicity, 2011-12'''<ref>{{cite web | title= Three Quarter Average Undergraduate Student Count by College and Ethnicity | url=http://planning.ucsc.edu/irps/StudentCharacteristics/2011-12/3Qtr_Average_Students_by_College_and_Ethnicity.pdf | publisher= UCSC Office of Institutional Research and Policy Studies |format=PDF}}</ref> ||'''Under- graduates'''
|-
|[[White American]]
| 42.7%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans]]
| 23.5%
|-
|[[Asian American]]
| 20.4%
|-
|Two or More Races
| 4.6%
|-
|[[African American]]
| 2.1%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]]
| 0.5%
|-
|International
| 0.3%
|-
|Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian
| 0.2%
|-
|Unknown
|5.6%
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:300px; margin:auto;"
|-
|| '''Region''' || '''Percent'''
|-
| [[Monterey Bay]] area and [[Silicon Valley]]
| 16.1%
|-
| Other [[San Francisco Bay Area]]
| 31.9%
|-
| Other [[Northern California]]
| 2.5%
|-
| [[Central Valley (California)|Central Valley]] and adjacent areas
| 10.7%
|-
| [[Southern California]]
| 24.7%
|-
| San Diego and desert areas
| 7.7%
|-
| Other US states
| 3.1%
|-
| Foreign
| 0.3%
|-
| Unknown
| 2.9%
|}
{{clear}}

[[Image:SantaCruzUCSC.jpg|thumb|right|Students and others gather to smoke [[cannabis (drug)|cannabis]] at a meadow near [[Porter College]] on April 20, 2007—"[[420 (cannabis culture)|420]] Day".]]
[[Image:Student Union, UCSC.jpg|thumb|Student Union]]
[[Image:Quarry Plaza, UCSC.jpg|thumb|Quarry Plaza]]
[[Image:KZSC.jpg|thumb|KZSC lounge]]

UCSC students are known for political activism. In 2005, a [[The Pentagon|Pentagon]] surveillance program deemed student opposition to [[military recruiter]]s on campus a "credible threat," the only campus [[Antimilitarism|antiwar]] action to receive the designation.<ref>
{{Cite news
|last=Kershaw
|first=Sarah
|title=A Protest, a Spy Program and a Campus in an Uproar
|date=January 14, 2006
|newspaper=[[New York Times]]
|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/14/national/14santacruz.html?ex=1137387600&en=0095f2ec7063c328&ei=5070
|accessdate=January 28, 2008
}}
</ref> In February 2006, Chancellor [[Denice Denton]] got the designation removed.<ref>
{{Cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=36780
|title=Pentagon removes UCSC from 'credible threat' list
|newspaper=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=February 3, 2008
|date=February 11, 2006
|last1=Seals
|first1=Brian
|last2=Dunlap
|first2=Tom
}}
</ref> Military recruiters declined to return to UCSC the following year, but returned in 2008 to a more low-keyed student reception and protests using elements of [[guerrilla theatre]], rather than vandalism or physical violence.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=48054
|title=Military recruiters back out of UC Santa Cruz job fair
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=April 20, 2007
|accessdate=April 27, 2008
|last=Sideman
|first=Roger
}}
</ref><ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_9023663
|title=Anti-war students disrupt career fair at UC Santa Cruz, but military recruiters stick around – Santa Cruz Sentinel
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=April 23, 2008
|accessdate=April 23, 2008
|last=Brown
|first=J.M.
}}
</ref> Thanks to students passing a $3 quarterly tuition increase to support buying renewable energy in 2006, UCSC is the sixth-largest buyer of renewable energy among college campuses nationwide.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_9167525
|title=UCSC sixth-best college for green power
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=May 6, 2008
|accessdate=May 14, 2008
|last=Brown
|first=J.M.
}}
</ref>

UC Santa Cruz is also well known for its [[Cannabis (drug)|cannabis]] culture. On April 20, 2007, approximately 2,000 UCSC students gathered at Porter Meadow to celebrate the annual "[[420 (cannabis culture)|420]]". Students and others openly smoked marijuana while campus police stood by.<ref>
{{Cite news
|title=Thousands at UCSC burn one to mark pot holiday
|newspaper=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=April 24, 2007
|last=King
|first=Matt
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=48183
|deadurl=no |accessdate=October 18, 2013
}}
</ref> The once student-only event has grown since the city of Santa Cruz passed [[Measure K 2006|Measure K]] in 2006, an ordinance making marijuana use a low-priority crime for police. The 2007 event attracted a total of 5,000 participants. The university does not condone the gathering, but has taken steps to regulate the event and ensure security for all participants. On April 20, 2010, the school administration shut down the west entrance to campus and limited the amount of buses that could drive through campus.<ref>
{{Cite news
|title=UCSC takes security measures for '4/20
|date=April 18, 2008
|newspaper=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|last=Brown
|first=J.M.
|url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_8970788
|accessdate=April 18, 2008
}}
</ref><ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_9014404?source=most_viewed
|title=Police: Pot-smoking event in UCSC meadow 'a moral slap in the face
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=April 23, 2008
|date=April 22, 2008
|last=Ragan
|first=Tom
}}
</ref>

Another well known tradition is what is known as "[[First Rain]]". Students run around campus naked or nearly naked to celebrate the school year's first night of heavy rain. The run begins at Porter and proceeds to travel through all the other colleges, finishing with skinny dipping at OPERS swimming pool.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.cityonahillpress.com/2006/10/12/a-naked-run-through-campus/
|title=A Naked Run Through Campus
|work=[[City on a Hill Press]]
|date=October 12, 2006
|accessdate=April 27, 2008
|last=Moersen
|first=Scott
}}
</ref>

===Student government===
The Student Union Assembly was founded in 1985 to better coordinate bargaining positions between students and administration on campus-wide issues.<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://sua.ucsc.edu/
|title=Student Union Assembly
|publisher=UC Santa Cruz
|accessdate=April 2, 2008
}}
</ref> All the residential colleges and six ethnic and gender-based organizations send delegates to SUA.<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://sua.ucsc.edu/orgs.php
|title=Student Union Assembly, Orgs
|publisher=UC Santa Cruz
|accessdate=April 2, 2008
}}
</ref> There is a total of 138 recognized student groups {{As of|2008|lc=y}}.<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.soar.ucsc.edu/organizations.htm
|title=SOAR
|publisher=soar.ucsc.edu
|accessdate=April 2, 2008
}}
</ref>

===Student media===
All Student media organizations are funded by a student council referendum of $3.20 per student per quarter.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=26638
|title=UC Santa Cruz students voice their desires through fee vote
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=May 29, 2005
|accessdate=April 2, 2008
|last=Jondi
|first=Gumz
}}
</ref>
* ''[[City on a Hill Press]]'', a weekly publication that serves as the traditional campus newspaper.
* ''[[Fish Rap Live!]]'', the alternative, comedic paper.
* ''TWANAS'', the Third World and Native American Student Press Collective publishes issues about every quarter for various communities of color at UCSC. Its peak years were during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s.
* ''Student Cable Television (SCTV)'' disbanded at the beginning of the 2010 academic school year. ''On The Spot'' (OTS), replaced the defunct ''SCTV'' organization, continuing the student-run television opportunities. ''On The Spot'' airs on channel 28 only on campus.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=47172
|title=SCTV looks to the future: Students say lights, camera, action
|publisher=scsextra.com
|date=March 18, 2007
|accessdate=April 12, 2008
|last=Blumenfield
|first=Zoe
}}
</ref>
* ''The Moxie Production Group'', which produces content on a quarterly basis.
* ''The Project'', a quarterly paper, for UCSC's radical community.
* ''The Disorientation Guide'', published on sporadic years, introduces new students to UCSC's radical history and various political issues that face the campus and community.<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=42385
|title=UCSC students aim to 'disorient' one another
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=October 8, 2006
|accessdate=April 12, 2008
|last=Sideman
|first=Roger
}}
</ref>
* ''Rapt Magazine'', a quarterly literary and arts magazine.
* ''The Leviathan'', a Jewish student life publication.
* On The Spot, a student-run broadcast media organization, that produces a variety of shows including Press Center Live (Sketch-Comedy), ART (Music videos), and game shows.
* ''[[Banana Slug News]]'', a television broadcast news program.
* ''Chinquapin'', an open-ended creative journal sponsored by the creative writing department.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://chinquapin.ucsc.edu|title=Chinquapin|publisher=University of California|accessdate=February 20, 2010|location=Santa Cruz}}</ref>
* ''Turnstile'', a poetry journal.
* "Gaia Magazine," a magazine about environmental and sustainability subjects that is published once a year.
* ''Red Wheelbarrow'', a "literary arts" journal.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://humanities.ucsc.edu/CWP/publications.html|title=Creative Writing Program Publications|publisher=University of California|accessdate=February 20, 2010|location=Santa Cruz}}</ref>
* ''Matchbox Magazine'', an annual humanities publication, started at UCSC, that operates across many UC campuses.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://matchboxmagazine.com/|title=Matchbox Magazine|publisher=University of California|accessdate=February 20, 2010|location=Santa Cruz}}</ref>
* ''[[KZSC]]'', the student-run campus radio station.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=39706
|title=KZSC Radio turns up the juice — more powerful transmitter being installed
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=June 26, 2006
|accessdate=April 12, 2008
|last=Sideman
|first=Roger
}}
</ref>
* ''Santa Cruz [[Indymedia]]'', a local activist resource with a lot of UCSC content.
* ''The Film Production Coalition'' which produces films on a quarterly basis.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fpc.ucsc.edu/|title=The Film Production Coalition|publisher=University of California|accessdate=February 20, 2010|location=Santa Cruz}}</ref>

===Housing===
Most of the UCSC undergraduate housing is affiliated with one of the ten residential colleges. The residence halls, which include both shared and private rooms, typically house fifteen to twenty students per floor and have common bathrooms and lounge areas. Some halls have coed floors where men and women share bathroom facilities, others have separate bathroom facilities for men and women. Single-gender, gender-neutral and substance-free floors are also available.

All of the colleges, except for Kresge, have both residence halls and apartments. Kresge is all apartments. Apartments are typically shared by four to eight students, have common living/dining rooms, kitchens and bathrooms, and a combination of shared and private bedrooms. Apartments at colleges other than Kresge are generally reserved for students above the freshman level.

In addition to the residential colleges, housing is available at the Village on the lower quarry, populated by continuing, transfer, and graduate students; the University Inn, a remodeled hotel in downtown Santa Cruz that accommodates all students; Redwood Grove, formerly Kresge East, now available to applicants from all colleges; and the University Town Center, also located downtown, that primarily serves international students. Graduate Student Housing is available near Science Hill, and UCSC also offers Family Student Housing units as well as a Camper Park for student-owned trailers and RVs.<ref>{{cite web | title=Student Housing Services |url=http://www.housing.ucsc.edu/shs/index.html | accessdate=April 16, 2008}}</ref>

===Greek life===
UCSC is home to few fraternities and sororities. The first Greek organization on campus, [[Theta Chi]], was given colony status on January 10, 1987 and chartered on October 14, 1989 (designation: Theta Iota). In the beginning, fraternities like [[Theta Chi]] and [[Sigma Alpha Epsilon]] were met with strong opposition from the student body. Student groups like P.A.C. (People's Alternative Community), S.A.G.E. (Students Against Greek Environments), and M.A.C. (Men's Alternative Community) protested the existence of Greek life at the UCSC campus.<ref>[http://oxucsc.com/history.html Oxucsc.com]</ref>

In 2003, the campus gained national recognition when MTV's reality show ''[[Fraternity Life]]'' documented the lives of students pledging Delta Omega Chi. During the shooting, a few of the students fished a 15-year-old koi named Midas out of a pond at Porter College, barbecued it, and ate it. Since the incident was captured on video, the individuals involved were charged with misdemeanor grand theft and vandalism.<ref>[[Fraternity Life#cite note-6]]</ref>

However, since this time, Greek life has flourished at UCSC, making way for fraternities like [[Sigma Lambda Beta]], [[Tau Kappa Epsilon]], [[Sigma Pi]], [[Lambda Phi Epsilon]], [[Sigma Phi Zeta]], [[Alpha Epsilon Pi]], and [[Pi Alpha Phi]]. Sororities on campus include [[Delta Sigma Theta]], [[Sigma Lambda Gamma]], [[Sigma Alpha Epsilon Pi]], [[alpha Kappa Delta Phi]], [[Gamma Phi Beta]], [[Kappa Kappa Gamma]], [[Sigma Pi Alpha]], [[Tri Chi]], [[Sigma Omicron Pi]], [[Kappa Zeta]], [[Alpha Psi]], and [[Lambda Theta Alpha]].

Aside from social fraternities and sororities on campus, there are also a number of professional organizations as well. There are [[Kappa Gamma Delta]],<ref>[http://www.kgdatucsc.org]</ref> a prehealth sorority, [[Sigma Mu Delta]], a prehealth fraternity, [[Alpha Phi Omega]], a coed service fraternity, [[Phi Alpha Delta]], a pre-law fraternity, and [[Delta Sigma Pi]], a co-ed professional business fraternity.<ref>[https://admissions.sa.ucsc.edu/discover/faq/studentlife.cfm Admissions.sa.ucsc.edu]</ref>

The school has also has progressed to include [[Delta Lambda Psi]], the nation's first gender neutral queer Greek organization established in 2005.

The most recent addition to greek at UCSC was established in Fall 2012, Lambda Theta Alpha Latin Sorority Inc. which is an academic based sorority

==Sustainability==
Though UCSC has been known for its conservation efforts and environmentally minded students since it was founded, since 2000, enthusiasm for the UCSC sustainability movement has grown steadily among students and administrators alike. Students established the [http://sec.enviroslug.org/ Student Environmental Center (SEC)] in 2001, have held annual [http://sec.enviroslug.org/earth-summit.html Earth Summits], and established a sustainability funding body, the [http://csc.enviroslug.org/ Campus Sustainability Council]. In 2004, the [http://sustainability.universityofcalifornia.edu/policy.html UC Policy on Sustainable Practices] was released, stating that the [http://www.ucop.edu/ University of California Office of the President] was committed to minimizing its impact on the environment and reducing its dependence on non-renewable energy. This set the scene for huge breakthroughs in 2006, when a [http://sustainability.ucsc.edu/governance/committees/css Committee on Sustainability and Stewardship (CSS)] was established and a campus-wide Sustainability Assessment was completed. The following year, the pilot [http://sustainability.ucsc.edu/ Sustainability Office] was created to help institutionalize sustainability, coordinate communication and collaboration between the many entities already engaged in campus sustainability activities at UCSC, support policy implementation, and serve as a resource for the campus.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of the Sustainability Office|url=http://sustainability.ucsc.edu/about/office/history|work=Sustainability Office|publisher=UCSC Sustainability Office|accessdate=May 21, 2012}}</ref> Sustainability has become a major part of every aspect of the campus, and students, staff, and faculty campus-wide are working toward sustainability in a variety of different ways.

===History===

'''2010-2011'''
* Climate Action Plan moved to the Sustainability Office.
* Campus Sustainability Plan revised and version 1.5 released.
* New Climate Action Manager, Sustainability Internship Coordinator, and Sustainability Coordinator hired, along with near 30 student interns.
* Carbon Fund launched.
* Landfill and Waste Diversion Task Force established in order to achieve Zero Waste by 2020.
* Pilot Sustainability Internship Program (IDEASS), hosts approximately 25-30 interns in for-credit course working on campus and community projects, collaboratively organized with Engineering and Social Sciences.
* Launch of Friends of the Sustainability Office (FoSO), a student organization dedicated to train student leaders and outreach to the campus about sustainability efforts, events, and opportunities.
* Launch of Students for Sustainability through Institutional Transformation and Engagement (SSITE), a student organization that focuses on policy, student professional training, and institutional change.
* Creation of an online Sustainability Project Clearinghouse to document completed, ongoing, and potential sustainability projects and match students with staff and faculty partners.
* Host of 3rd Annual Sustainability Celebration
* Pilot of green office certification program, Program Recognizing Offices Practicing Sustainability (PROPS) completed.
*Host of Inter-organization sustainability retreat, featuring over 80 student leaders.
* Assessed UCSC according to AASHE’s Sustainability Tracking and Rating System (STARS).

'''2009-2010'''
* Release of Campus Sustainability Plan 1.0.
* New Sustainability Internship Coordinator and Climate Action Manager hired, along with 20 student interns.
* Students pass fee measures to fund student engagement with the Sustainability Office and climate protection projects.
* Over $180,000 in grant funding establishes IDEASS, a collaboratively organized campus and community sustainability internship program.
* Host of 2nd Annual Sustainability Celebration and Planning Session.
* Ongoing support for the Committee on Sustainability and Stewardship and eight associated Sustainability Working Groups.
* Chancellor’s Executive Committee on Sustainability and Climate Change established (replacing CCCC).

'''2008-2009'''
* The Sustainability Office receives funding for the years 2009-2012.
* Sustainability Coordinator promoted to Sustainability Manager.
* New Sustainability Coordinator and Sustainability Project Liaison hired, along with 4 student interns.
* Draft Climate Action Plan released.

'''2007-2008'''
* Pilot Sustainability Office moved to Physical Planning and Construction.
* Chancellor’s Council on Climate Change (CCCC) launches with the help of the Sustainability Office.

'''2006-2007'''
* Pilot Sustainability Office established with funding until 2009.
* Sustainability Coordinator hired, along with two student interns.
* Chancellor signs the Climate Action Compact and the American College and University Presidents Climate Commitment.
* UC Policy on Sustainable Practices expanded.
* Green Campus Program, a student internship program for energy efficiency, water conservation, and green jobs development, developed.
* Committee on Sustainability and Stewardship (CSS) established, 2006.
* Campus-wide Sustainability Assessment completed in 2006

'''1965-2006'''
* UC Policy on Sustainable Practices released in 2004.
* [http://sec.enviroslug.org/ Student Environmental Center (SEC)] established in 2001.

===Organizations===
The following is a list of UCSC [[sustainability organizations]], departments, gardens, and funding bodies on the UCSC campus:

* Alliance to Save Energy's Power Save Green Campus Program (formerly known as Green Campus Program)
* Arboretum
* California Student Sustainability Coalition (CSSC)
* Campus Sustainability Council (CSC)
* Campus Sustainability Office
* Carbon Fund
* Center for Agroecology & Sustainable Food Systems
* Center for Global, International and Regional Studies
* College Eight: Nurturing Green Entrepreneurs
* Community Agroecology Network (CAN)
* Education for Sustainable Living Program (ESLP)
* Environmental Studies Department
* Friends of the Community Agroecology Network (FoCAN)
* Friends of the Sustainability Office (FoSO)
* IDEASS
* Kresge Garden
* Meatless Mondays, Beefless Thursdays & Farm Fridays in the dining halls
* Path to a Greener Stevenson (PTAGS)
* Program in Community and Agroecology (PICA)
* Program Recognizing Offices Practicing Sustainability (PROPS), a green office certification program
* Site Stewardship Program
* Student Environmental Center (SEC)
* Student Environmental Center (SEC)
* UCSC Climate Change Research Resources
* UCSC Greenhouses
* UCSC Museum of Natural History Collections
* UCSC Natural Reserves
* UCSC Sustainability Engineering and Ecological Design

==Athletics==
[[Image:UCSC East Field.jpg|thumb|East Field]]
UCSC competes in [[Division III (NCAA)|Division III]] of the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] as an Independent member. There are twelve [[varsity team|varsity]] sports (men's and women's basketball, tennis, soccer, volleyball, swimming and [[diving]], women's golf, and women's [[cross country running|cross country]]). UCSC teams are nationally ranked in tennis, soccer, men's volleyball, and swimming. By defeating Emory to win the 2007 National Championship in men's tennis, UCSC has won six men's tennis team championships.<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=48863
|title=UCSC men's tennis team wins sixth national championship
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=February 8, 2008
|date=May 18, 2007
}}</ref>
The Banana Slugs were also runners-up in men's soccer in 2004. In the 2006 season, the men's water polo team won the Division III championship, as well as an overall ranking of 19th in the nation. However, both the men and women's water polo teams were cut in 2008 due to budget constraints.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=77198
|title=UCSC to cut men's and women's water polo teams –
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=October 15, 2009
|date=June 6, 2008
|last=Moses
|first=Ryan
}}
</ref> UCSC is one of the largest but one of the least funded NCAA Division III members.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=51029
|title=Athletic director Linda Spradley spends her days keeping UCSC's teams afloat
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=November 26, 2007
|accessdate=February 6, 2008
|last=Moses
|first=Ryan
}}
</ref>
Starting in 2013, both men's and women's basketball teams will play downtown at the [[Kaiser Permanente Arena]].<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://news.ucsc.edu/2013/11/ucsc-basketball-warriors.html|title=UCSC to play basketball games in Warriors arena|date=November 06, 2013}}</ref>
In addition to its NCAA sports, UCSC maintains a number of successful club sides including its women's [[rugby union|rugby]] team, which won the [[Division II (NCAA)|Division II]] National Collegiate Championship during its '05–'06 season and has competed at Nationals several times since, most recently in 2010 and 2013.<ref>{{cite journal | title=Women's rugby team wins Division II national championship | url=http://currents.ucsc.edu/05-06/05-08/brief-rugby.asp | journal=Currents | publisher=University of California, Santa Cruz| volume=10 | date=May 8, 2006 | accessdate=January 29, 2008 | issue= 36}}</ref> UCSC also fields an often victorious men's lacrosse team, which competes against other western universities in the WCLL. After a highly successful 2008 season, the team traveled to Texas for nationals. Although UCSC never had a track, the residential colleges regularly competed in an improvised "Slug Run" every spring from 1967 to 1982,<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=25266&storySection=Sport&fromSearch=true&searchTerms=ucsc
|title=Slug Run rekindles UCSC track tradition
|date=April 15, 2005
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=February 8, 2008
}}
</ref> though the Run now is a community event and fundraiser event hosted by the cross-country club for much needed fund to pay for entry fees, hotel, and transportation to race.<ref>[http://www.cityonahillpress.com/2009/03/05/cross-country-club-stays-strong,-despite-running-on-fumes/ Cross Country Club Stays Strong, Despite Running on Fumes | City on a Hill Press]</ref> Approximately 25% of the student population participates in intramural athletics, which tend to be better funded than the intercollegiate athletic programs.<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=38859
|title=UCSC students say yes to playing, no to watching
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=February 6, 2008
|date=May 26, 2006
|last=Conley
|first=Mark
}}
</ref>

===Mascot===
[[Image:Banana slug at UCSC.jpg|thumb|left|''[[Banana slug|Ariolimax dolichophallus]]'' at UCSC]]
UCSC's mascot is the [[banana slug]]<ref name="UCSC Mascot" /> (specifically, ''Ariolimax dolichophallus'').<ref>
{{cite web
|title=Leading in the New Millennium
|url=http://urelations.ucsc.edu/info/new_millennium.06-05.pdf
|publisher=UCSC University Relations
|accessdate=October 15, 2006
|format=PDF}}
</ref> In 1981, when the university began participating in NCAA intercollegiate sports, the then-chancellor and some student athletes declared the mascot to be the "[[Sea Lion|sea lions]]." Most students disliked the new mascot and offered an alternative mascot, the banana slug. In 1986, students voted via [[referendum]] to declare the banana slug the official mascot of UCSC – a vote the chancellor refused to honor, arguing that only athletes should choose the mascot. When a poll of athletes showed that they, too, wanted to be "Slugs," the chancellor relented. The June 16, 1986, issue of ''People'' magazine featured a full-page spread dedicated to the selection of the Banana Slug as the official mascot of UCSC (see [http://i.imgur.com/GQ6tw.jpg page 85]).<ref>
{{cite web
|title=Proving that slime is on their side, Santa Cruz students make the slug their mascot?
|url=http://storage.people.com/pdfs/19860616/PEO_ISSUE_19860616_PDF/PEO_19860616_ISSUE.PDF
|accessdate=June 16, 1986
}} {{Dead link|date=April 2012|bot=H3llBot}}

</ref> A sea lion statue can still be seen in front of the Thimann Hall lecture building.<ref>
{{cite web
|title=UCSC General Catalog 2004–2006: Student Life (Banana Slug Mascot section)
|url=http://reg.ucsc.edu/catalog/html/student_life.htm
|accessdate=May 4, 2006
|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20060220071139/http://reg.ucsc.edu/catalog/html/student_life.htm 
|archivedate=February 20, 2006
}}
</ref>
In February 2008, ESPN Sports Travel named the UCSC Banana Slug as one of the ten best nicknames in college basketball.<ref>
{{cite web
|title=Off To College: What Name's Got Game?
|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/travel/news/story?id=3224604
|accessdate=July 4, 2008
}}
</ref>
The "Fiat Slug" logo prominently featured on campus is a trademark of UCSC owned by the Regents. It was developed by two students during the mascot controversy, who later incorporated as "Oxford West" and licensed their design from the Regents to produce clothing inspired by the university.

The slug also is featured along with the school's logo on [[Vincent Vega]]'s T-shirt during the 1994 film ''[[Pulp Fiction]]''.<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.slugweb.com/aboutus.html
|title=Banana Slug About Us
|publisher=Oxford West
|accessdate=February 29, 2008
}}
</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of University of California, Santa Cruz people]]
* [[Shakespeare Santa Cruz]]

* [[University of California, Santa Cruz, Arboretum]]

==Notes and references==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==

{{commons category}}
* [http://www.ucsc.edu/ University of California, Santa Cruz]
* [http://www.goslugs.com/ UC Santa Cruz Athletics]
* [http://www.ucolick.org/ Lick Observatory]
* [http://lrdp.ucsc.edu/ 2005 Long Range Development Plan]
* [http://www.cityonahillpress.com/2008/09/25/lrdp-settled/ LRDP – Settled?]: a student-written analysis of the LRDP agreement published by the City on the Hill Press
* [http://people.ucsc.edu/~rosewood/guidebook/text.html ''The Campus Guide: A Tour of the Natural Environment and Point of Historical Interest''], written by Elizabeth Spedding Calciano and Ray Collett, 1973
* [http://web.archive.org/web/20070928000936/http://www.santacruzpl.org/history/people/cowell5.shtml History of the Cowell family and Cowell ranch]
{{coord|37.00|-122.06|region:US_type:edu|display=title}}

{{University of California, Santa Cruz}}
{{University of California}}

{{good article}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:University Of California, Santa Cruz}}
[[Category:University of California|Santa Cruz]]
[[Category:University of California, Santa Cruz| ]]
[[Category:Santa Cruz, California]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in Santa Cruz County, California]]
[[Category:Geography of Santa Cruz County, California]]
[[Category:Association of Public and Land-Grant Universities]]
[[Category:Schools accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges]]
[[Category:Oceanographic institutions]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1965]]
[[Category:1965 establishments in California]]

University of California, Davis

2013-11-20T00:49:46Z

Casecrer:

{{Infobox university
| name = University of California, Davis
| motto = ''[[Fiat lux]]'' ([[Latin]])
| mottoeng = [[Let there be light]]
| image_name = [[File:The University of California Davis.svg|200px|alt=The Seal of the University of California, Davis (UC Davis)]]
| image_size =
| established = 1905 (1959 as a general UC campus)
| type = [[Public University|Public]], [[Land Grant Colleges|Land-grant]], [[Space grant colleges|Space-grant]]
| calendar = Quarter
| endowment = $713.2 million <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/_files/report/UC_Annual_Endowment_Report_FY2011-2012.pdf |title=UC Annual Endowment Report, Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012; p.4 |accessdate=2013-01-07 |publisher=Office of the Treasurer of the Regents of the University of California|format=PDF}}</ref>
| chancellor = {{nowrap|[[Linda P.B. Katehi]]}}
| provost = {{nowrap|[[Ralph Hexter]]}}
| faculty = 2,236 (2011-12)<ref name=Headcount>{{cite web|url=http://budget.ucdavis.edu/data-reports/documents/campus-profiles/ptotlpop_ycurr.pdf |title=UC Davis Total On- and Off-Campus Headcount Population: Faculty & Staff Population |date=June 6, 2013 |publisher=UC Davis Institutional Analysis}}</ref>
| staff = 20,812 (2011-12)<ref name=Headcount/>
| students = 34,155 (Fall 2013)<ref name=Profile2012>{{cite web |url=http://budget.ucdavis.edu/data-reports/documents/enrollment-reports/eenrsum_fcurr.pdf |title=UC Davis Campus Profile |publisher=University of California, Davis |accessdate=2013-04-23}}</ref>
| undergrad = 26,693 (Fall 2013)<ref name=Profile2012/>
| postgrad = 4,200 (Fall 2013l)<ref name=Profile2012/>
| doctoral = 3,252 (Fall 2013)
| city = [[Davis, California]]
| country = United States
| coor = {{Coord|38|32|24|N|121|45|0|W|region:US-CA_type:edu|display= inline,title}}
| campus = [[suburban area|Suburban]], {{convert|7309|acres|ha}} <ref name="Campus Facts"/>
| former_names = University Farm (1905–1922) Northern Branch of the College of Agriculture (1922–1959)
| colors = Aggie [[Azure (heraldry)|Blue]] and [[Or (heraldry)|Gold]] {{Color box|#002666}}{{Color box|#BF9900}}
| mascot = [[Gunrock]] the Mustang
| athletics = [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] [[Division I (NCAA)|Division I]] 23 Varsity Sports<ref>{{cite web|url=http://admissions.ucdavis.edu/about/student_life/athletics.cfm |title= Intercollegiate Athletics |publisher=UC Davis Undergraduate Admissions |accessdate=2012-12-02}}</ref>
| nickname = Aggies
| affiliations = [[University of California]] [[American Association of Universities|AAU]] [[Big West Conference]] [[Big Sky Conference]] [[Mountain Pacific Sports Federation|MPSF]]
| free_label = Newspaper
| free = [[The California Aggie]]
| website = [http://www.ucdavis.edu www.ucdavis.edu]
| logo = [[Image:Ucdavis logo 5 blue.png|200px]]
}}

The '''University of California, Davis''' (also referred to as '''UCD''', '''UC Davis''', or '''Davis''') is a [[public university|public]] teaching and [[research university]] located in [[Davis, California|Davis]], [[California]] just west of [[Sacramento]]. The campus covers {{convert|7,309|acre|ha}}, making it the largest within the 10 campus [[University of California]] system. UC Davis also has the third largest enrollment in the UC System after [[UCLA]] and [[UC Berkeley]].<ref name="Campus Facts">{{cite web|url=http://finreports.universityofcalifornia.edu/index.php?file=10-11/pdf/fullreport_1011.pdf |format=PDF |title=UC Financial Reports – Campus Facts in Brief |year=2010-11 |publisher=University of California |accessdate=November 17, 2012}}</ref>

Howard and Matthew Greene named UC Davis a [[Public Ivy]] in 2001, a publicly funded university considered as providing a quality of education comparable to those of the [[Ivy League]]. In 2013, ''[[U.S. News and World Report]]'' ranked UC Davis as the 9th best public university in the United States, 39th nationally, and tied for 3rd best of the UC schools with [[UC San Diego]], following [[UC Berkeley]] and [[UCLA]].<ref name="USNews">{{cite web |title=UC Davis Graduate School Rankings |url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/university-of-california-davis-110644/overall-rankings |accessdate=2013-09-10 |work=U.S. News & World Report}}</ref> UC Davis is also one of 62 members in the [[Association of American Universities]].

The [[The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching|Carnegie Foundation]] classifies UC Davis as a comprehensive [[doctoral]] [[research university]] with a medical program, and very high research activity.<ref>{{cite web| title=University of California, Davis | work=Classifications | publisher=The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching | year=2010 | url=http://classifications.carnegiefoundation.org/lookup_listings/view_institution.php?unit_id=110644 | accessdate=2011-08-27}}</ref> UC Davis faculty includes 21 members of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]], 21 members of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]], 17 members of the [[American Law Institute]], 12 members of the [[Institute of Medicine]], and 13 members of the [[National Academy of Engineering]].<ref name="FacultyAwards">{{cite web | title = Academic Affairs: Faculty Recipients of Premier Awards & Honors |url = http://academicpersonnel.ucdavis.edu/MajorAwards/default.cfm |year = 2011 |accessdate=February 26, 2013|publisher=University of California, Davis}}</ref> Among other honors, university faculty, alumni, and researchers have won the [[Nobel Peace Prize]], [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]], [[Pulitzer Prize]], [[MacArthur Fellowship]], [[National Medal of Science]], and [[PECASE|Presidential Early Career Award in Science and Engineering]].<ref name="FacultyAwards" /><ref>{{cite web | title = A Piece of the Nobel for UC Davis | url = http://www.news.ucdavis.edu/search/news_detail.lasso?id=8417 | year = 2007 | publisher=University of California, Davis}}</ref>

While UC Davis' agricultural heritage remains strong, the campus has expanded over the past century to include graduate and professional programs in [[UC Davis School of Medicine|medicine]] (which includes the [[UC Davis Medical Center]]), [[UC Davis School of Law|law]], [[UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine|veterinary medicine]], [[UC Davis School of Education|education]], [[Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing|nursing]], and [[UC Davis Graduate School of Management|business management]], in addition to 90 research programs offered by [[UC Davis Graduate Studies]]. UC Davis' School of Veterinary Medicine is the largest in the United States and is ranked second in the nation.<ref>{{cite web | title = US News Graduate School Rankings for Veterinary Medicine | url = http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-health-schools/veterinarian-rankings | year = 2011 | publisher=US News & World Report}}</ref>

The [[UC Davis Aggies]] athletic teams compete in the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] [[Division I (NCAA)|Division I]] level, primarily in the [[Big West Conference]] as well as the [[Big Sky Conference]] (Football only) and the [[Mountain Pacific Sports Federation]]. In its first year of full Division I status, 11 UC Davis teams qualified for NCAA post-season competition.

==History==
[[Image:Creamery and Horticulture buildings, UC Davis (postcard).jpg|thumb|left|Early creamery and horticulture buildings, University Farm]] [[Image:ucdilo.jpeg|thumb|left|The Silo Union, one of the original buildings]]
In 1905, the California legislature passed the University Farm Bill, which called for the establishment of a farm school for the University of California (at the time, [[University of California, Berkeley|Berkeley]] was the sole campus of the university).<ref name=Dingemans>{{cite book|last=Dubgenans|first=Dennis|title=University of California, Davis|year=2013|publisher=Arcadia|location=Charleston|isbn=978-0-7385-9699-0|page=7}}</ref> It would be more than a year before that commission selected a tiny town, then known as Davisville, as the site.<ref name=Dingemans/> What was to become the third UC campus opened its doors to 40 degree students (all male) from UC Berkeley in January 1909 as the "University Farm". (The farm had begun accepting non-degree farmers' short courses in October 1908; there were initially around 115 such attendees.) The establishment of the Farm was largely the result of the vision and perseverance of [[Peter J. Shields]], secretary of the State Agricultural Society, and the Peter J. Shields Library at UC Davis was named in his honor. Shields began to champion the cause of a University Farm to teach [[agriculture]] in a more applied fashion after hearing about California students who chose to go to out-of-state universities due to the lack of such programs in the University of California at that time. He later stated:
<blockquote>
There was a College of Agriculture at Berkeley in connection with the University of California, but it was purely academic. It was largely confined to the study of [[botany]] and chemistry; it had no farm and little prestige; it was apt to be thought of as a snap curriculum, attracting students who wanted to go to college but wanted to avoid its more difficult work.
</blockquote>

After two failed bills, a law authorizing the creation of a University Farm was passed on March 18, 1905, and [[Yolo County, California|Yolo County]], home to some of California's prime farmland, was chosen as the site. A committee appointed by the Regents purchased land near Davisville (now Davis) in 1906. The Regents officially took control of the property in September 1906 and constructed four buildings in 1907. The Farm accepted its first female students in 1914 from Berkeley.

Short courses were first offered in 1908 and a three year non-degree program set up in 1909. In 1911, the first class graduated from the University Farm. The three year non-degree program continued until 1923. At that time, a two year non-degree program began and continued until 1958. In 1922, a four year undergraduate program began with the first class graduating in 1926.
<ref>{{cite web|title=Brief University History|url=http://lib.ucdavis.edu/dept/specol/collections/uarchives/about.php|work=UC Davis Special Collections website|accessdate=15 November 2013}}</ref>

Renamed in 1922 the ''Northern Branch of the College of Agriculture'', it continued growing at a breakneck pace: in 1916 the Farm's 314 students occupied the original {{convert|778|acre|ha}} campus, but by 1951 it had already expanded to a size of {{convert|3000|acre|ha}}. In 1959, the campus was declared by the [[Regents of the University of California]] as the seventh general campus in the [[University of California]] system.

Davis' own Graduate Division was established in 1961 followed by the College of Engineering in 1962. The Law School opened for classes in Fall 1966 and the School of Medicine began instruction in Fall 1968.

===2011 pepper spray incident===
{{main|UC Davis pepper-spray incident}}
During a November 18, 2011 [[Occupy UC Davis|protest]] against tuition hikes, campus police Lieutenant John Pike used pepper spray on seated students. The incident drew international attention and led to further demonstrations, a formal investigation, and Pike's departure in July 2012.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2011/nov/20/local/la-me-occupy-uc-davis-20111120 |title=UC Davis chief launches probe into pepper-spraying of Occupy protesters |date=November 20, 2011 |last1=Pringle |first1=Paul |last2=Quinones |first2=Sam |newspaper=Los Angeles Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-uc-davis-pepper-spray-20111121%2C0%2C6653674.story |title=UC president vows to review police procedures at campuses |last1=Gordon |first1=Larry |last2=Sewell |first2=Abby |date=November 20, 2011 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://edition.cnn.com/2012/08/01/us/california-pepper-spray/index.html | work=CNN | title=Pepper-spraying policeman departs U.C.-Davis | date=2012-08-01}}</ref>

==Campus==
[[Image:MrakHall Arboretum.jpg|thumb|A view of Mrak Hall from the [[University of California, Davis Arboretum|arboretum]]]] [[Image:UC Davis Mondavi Center.jpg|thumb|[[Mondavi Center]]]]

===Size and location===
The University of California, Davis campus is the largest campus in the UC system by land area, spanning {{convert|7309|acre|ha|1}} across two counties: [[Yolo County|Yolo]] and [[Solano County|Solano]]. Though named after the City of Davis, the campus is technically located adjacent to the City of Davis in an unincorporated part of Yolo and Solano counties. The main campus is located {{convert|15|mi|km|1}} west of [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]] in the [[Sacramento Valley]], part of California's [[Central Valley (California)|Central Valley]], and is adjacent to [[Interstate 80|Interstate Highway 80]]. The Davis campus is the only school within the UC system with an [[University Airport|airport]], just west of main campus, and is one of two UC schools with its own [[University of California, Davis Fire Department|fire department]]; the other being [[University of California, Santa Cruz|UC Santa Cruz]]. The campus is also conveniently located approximately an hour away from both San Francisco and the Napa Valley and two hours from Lake Tahoe. It is also one of only three schools in the University of California system, the others being [[UC Berkeley]] and [[UC Irvine]], with a [[Nuclear physics|nuclear]] lab.

The city of [[Davis, CA|Davis]] is a [[college town]], with the ratio of students to long term residents estimated at 1:4. Also contributing to the college-town environment is the close proximity of downtown Davis to the campus' main quad—a matter of a few blocks, and 5-10 minute walk or bike ride. Davis' 15 minute distance from Sacramento provides it with both the isolation critical to fostering a college-town environment while also providing a lively and large metropolitan area nearby. Though the campus itself is vast, the entire community of Davis is relatively small and is easily traversable on bike utilizing Davis' extensive bicycle trails.

===Campus Core/Quad===
Towards the northeast end of campus is the Quad, a large rectangular field, which was the historic geographic center of campus. Earlier in the campus' history, the few campus buildings surrounded the four sides of the Quad. Today, though the campus has grown significantly and the geographic center of campus has shifted, the Quad remains the center of campus life, anchored to the north by the Memorial Union (student union), to the south by Shields Library and to the West and Southeast by Wellman and Olson Halls respectively.

The Memorial Union Complex houses Freeborn Hall and the Memorial Union, which houses various establishments such as the UC Davis Bookstore, ASUCD Coffee House (Coho), ASUCD student government offices, Post Office, the MU Games Area (video games and bowling alley), KDVS student radio station, study lounges, Campus Copies, Picnic Day Office, the Center for Student Involvement Office, and AggieTV Student Television.

The northeast side of campus holds more of the core buildings that were built earlier in UC Davis's history, such as Wellman Hall, Shields Library, [[Emil M. Mrak|Mrak Hall]], and Hutchison Hall, as well as the North Entry Parking Structure. Also notable in this northeastern corner is the labyrinthine Social Sciences and Humanities building designed by [[Antoine Predock]], known to students as the "[[Death Star]]" for its angular, metallic design.

===South Main Campus and South Campus===
The majority of Equestrian Center, and Animal Sciences buildings are located near the Arboretum Waterway, away from the core campus; the West Entry Parking Complex, the Silo Union, and the newly constructed Science Lecture Hall and the Science Laboratory Building are located nearer to the Tercero residence halls and the core of campus. The [[Mondavi Center]], home of the University Symphony Orchestra and other cultural events, is also located near the Tercero complex.

===West Campus===
For most of UC Davis' history, West Campus has served primarily as agricultural research land. Recently, portions were developed through a $300 million public-private partnership to form the largest zero net energy community in the United States, known as UC Davis West Village.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://westvillage.ucdavis.edu/press-kit/backgrounder |title=Backgrounder — UC Davis West Village |publisher=Westvillage.ucdavis.edu |date=|accessdate=2012-03-28}}</ref> West Village will provide housing for 3,000 students, faculty and staff and will help the university recruit and retain top faculty. The project will include 662 apartments, 343 single-family homes, 42,500 square feet of commercial space, a recreation center and study facilities. West Village will also host the first community college on a UC campus.

The classes held in this area mainly involve plant sciences. Students in the classes maintain gardens as part of the PLS 5 lab.

===Arboretum===
To the south side of the campus core is the 100 acre [[University of California, Davis Arboretum|UC Davis Arboretum]], which includes 3.5 miles of paved paths, 4,000 tree specimens, Putah Creek and Lake Spafford.

===Artwork===
There are five public art statues found around campus, collectively called The Egghead Series, sculpted by former art professor [[Robert Arneson]] who taught at Davis from 1962-1991 before his death in 1992. Additional pieces of Arneson's work are part of the Fine Arts Collection maintained by the Richard L. Nelson Gallery located in the Art Building.

''Bookhead'' is located at the Shields Library plaza, ''Yin & Yang'' is located at the Fine Arts Complex, ''See No Evil/Hear No Evil'' is at the east lawn of King Hall (the main building for UC Davis' School of Law), ''Eye on Mrak (FatalLaff)'' is outside Mrak Hall (housing the registrar office and other administrative offices), and ''Stargazer'' is located between North Hall and Young Hall. The ''Yin & Yang'' egg heads have been recast and duplicated for installation near the Port of San Francisco Ferry Building in San Francisco.<ref>{{cite web | title=They're egg-cellent! | url=http://www.californiaaggie.com/media/storage/paper981/news/2004/10/15/FrontPage/Theyre.EggCellent-1318392.shtml?norewrite200606260301&sourcedomain=www.californiaaggie.com | publisher = The California Aggie | accessdate=July 14, 2007}}</ref>

===Student housing===
The northwest end of campus holds the majority of the Segundo undergraduate housing complex and various alternative non-undergraduate housing such as Orchard Park, Russell Park, and The Colleges at LaRue Apartments. The Activities and Recreation Center, or the ARC, is also located near the Segundo complex. Adjacent to the northwest corner of campus is the Cuarto undergraduate housing complex, which has one dining common.

The Tercero undergraduate housing complex is located near the true geographic center of the UC Davis campus, to the north of the Arboretum Waterway, which stretches longitudinally through almost the entirety of the south end of campus. The [[University of California, Davis, Arboretum|Davis Arboretum]] is a public [[botanic garden]] with over 4,000 kinds of trees and plants, including many [[California native plants]], that stretches for over {{convert|100|acre|ha}} along The Waterway.

The Cuarto undergraduate (freshmen and transfer students) housing complex is located just one block off-campus, across Russell Boulevard. Unlike the other undergraduate housing complexes, Cuarto is located within city limits qualifying its residents to vote in city elections (other on-campus students can only vote in county elections).

==Student demographics==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="float:center;"
!Ethnic enrollment, 2009<ref name="Student Headcount by Ethnicity, Fall 2009">{{cite web | url = http://facts.ucdavis.edu/student_headcount_ethnicity.lasso | title = Student Headcount by Ethnicity, Fall 2009| publisher = UC Davis News Service | accessdate = 2010-08-08}}</ref>
!Under- graduates 
!Graduates 
!Professional 
!Total 
|-
|[[African American]]
| 723 (3%)
| 76 (2%)
| 72 (2%)
| 871 (2.7%)
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]]
| 171 (1%)
| 33 (1%)
| 16 (0%)
| 220 (0.7%)
|-
|[[Asian American]] and Pacific Islander
| 9,743 (40%)
| 498 (12%)
| 858 (26%)
| 11,099 (34.5%)
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic and Latino American]]
| 3,337 (14%)
| 231 (5%)
| 234 (7%)
| 3,802 (11.8%)
|-
|[[White American|White]]
| 8,693 (35%)
| 1,972 (47%)
| 1,514 (46%)
| 12,179 (37.9%)
|-
|International, Other
| 1,988 (8%)
| 1,405 (34%)
| 589 (18%)
| 3982 (12.4%)
|-
|Total
| 24,655 (76.7%)
| 4,215 (13.1%)
| 3,283 (10.2%)
| 32,153 (100%)
|}

In 2010, the [[United States Census Bureau]] made UC Davis its own separate [[census-designated place]] for statistical purposes.<ref>{{gnis|2628819}}</ref> Most of the campus lies outside the Davis city limit. However, mail to the campus is still addressed, "Davis, CA".

==Organization and administration==


The entire [[University of California]] system is governed by The Regents, a 26-member board, as established under Article IX, Section 9 of the [[California Constitution]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/regents/ | title = The Regents | publisher = [[University of California]] Site | accessdate=February 3, 2011}}</ref> The board appoints the university's principal officers including the system-wide president and UC Davis Chancellor.

The UC Davis Chancellor, [[Linda Katehi]], has overall responsibility for the leadership, management, and administration of the campus and reports to the President of the University of California system, a position currently held by former Secretary of Homeland Security and Arizona Governor [[Janet Napolitano]].

The Offices of the Chancellor and Provost is headed by the Executive Vice-Chancellor and Provost (EVCP). In their capacity as Executive Vice-Chancellor, the EVCP shares with the Chancellor in the overall leadership and management of campus administration and operations, whereas as Provost, the EVCP is UC Davis' chief academic officer.

The Senior Staff provides executive support to the Offices of the Chancellor and Provost. The Council of Deans and Vice-Chancellor consists of the heads of the university's major academic and administrative units.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.ucdavis.edu/administration/ | title = UC Davis Administration | publisher = UC Davis Site | accessdate=February 3, 2011}}</ref>

Students are most likely to interact with or be directly affected by the Office of Student Affairs, which is run by the Vice Chancellor of Student Affairs, currently Fred Wood, and by a variety of associate and assistant vice-chancellors. This office oversees many campus units including: Admissions, Athletics, Campus Recreation, Campus Unions, Counseling and Psychological Services, Financial Aid, Student Housing and others.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://studentaffairs.ucdavis.edu/departments.cfm | title = UC Davis Student Affairs | publisher = UC Davis Site | accessdate=February 3, 2011}}</ref>

==Academics==
The university has 99 undergraduate majors and 90 graduate programs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ucdavis.edu/about/facts/index.html |title=UC Davis News & Information :: UC Davis Facts: General statistics |publisher=Facts.ucdavis.edu |date=2013-05-28 |accessdate=2013-07-28}}</ref> It has a [[UC Davis Department of Viticulture and Enology|Department of Viticulture and Enology]] (concerning the scientific study of grape-growing and winemaking) that has been and continues to be responsible for significant advancements in winemaking utilized by many Californian wineries. The campus is noted for its top-rated Agricultural and Resource Economics programs <ref>{{cite web|url=http://agecon.ucdavis.edu/|title=UC Davis: Agricultural and Resource Economics}}</ref> and the large Department of Animal Science through which students can study at the university's own on-campus [[dairy]], meat-processing plant, [[equestrianism|equestrian]] facility, and experimental farm. Students of Environmental Horticulture and other botanical sciences have many acres of campus farmland and the [[University of California, Davis, Arboretum]] at their disposal. The [[Department of Applied Science, UC Davis|Department of Applied Science]] was founded and formerly chaired by physicist [[Edward Teller]]. The arts are also studied extensively on campus with subjects such as studio art, design, music, theater and dance. The Design Department at UC Davis is the only comprehensive academic design unit of the University of California system.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://admissions.ucdavis.edu/majors/major_view.cfm?major=ldes|title=UC Davis: Majors - Design}}</ref> There is also the [[Mondavi Center]] for the Performing Arts which features artists from all over the globe.

UC Davis undergraduate majors are divided into four colleges:
*[[UC Davis College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences]]
*[[UC Davis College of Biological Sciences]]
*[[UC Davis College of Engineering]]
*[[UC Davis College of Letters and Science]]

UC Davis has the following graduate and professional schools, the most in the entire UC system :
* [[UC Davis Graduate Studies]]
* [[UC Davis Graduate School of Management|Graduate School of Management]]
* [[UC Davis School of Education|School of Education]]
* [[UC Davis School of Law|School of Law]]
* [[UC Davis School of Medicine|School of Medicine]]
* [[UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine|School of Veterinary Medicine]]
* [[Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing|School of Nursing]]

The university is host to the Army [[Reserve Officer Training Corps]] (ROTC) program, with more than 120 cadets. With more than sixty years in existence, it currently commissions roughly 30 to 40 graduating seniors as second lieutenants every year.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www-ucdmag.ucdavis.edu/win06/feature_4.html | title=Features of Volume 24, Number 4 | publisher = UC Davis Magazine Online | accessdate=July 14, 2007 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070310190146/http://www-ucdmag.ucdavis.edu/win06/feature_4.html  |archivedate = March 10, 2007}}</ref>

===Rankings===
{{Infobox US university ranking

| ARWU_NU = 33
| Forbes = 99
| USNWR_NU = 39
| Wamo_NU = 17

| ARWU_W = 47
| QS_W = 85
| THES_W = 52
}}

UC Davis is considered a [[Public Ivy]]. In 2014, ''[[U.S. News and World Report]]'' ranked UC Davis as the 9th best public university in the United States, 39th nationally, and tied for 3rd best of the UC schools with [[UC San Diego]], following [[UC Berkeley]] and [[UCLA]].<ref name="USNews"/> ''[[Washington Monthly]]'' ranked UC Davis 17th in its 2012 National College Ranking based on the school's contributions to society.<ref name="washingtonmonthly.com">{{cite web | title=The Washington Monthly College Rankings | url=http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/college_guide/rankings_2012/national_university_rank.php | accessdate=August 27, 2012 }}</ref> In 2013, ''[[Forbes]]'' ranked UC Davis as 99th overall in the nation and 23rd among public colleges.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.forbes.com/colleges/university-of-california-davis/ |title=Forbes College Rankings |publisher=''Forbes'' |date=July 24, 2013}}</ref> In 2013 ''[[Kiplinger]]'' ranked UC Davis 23rd out of the top 100 best-value public colleges and universities in the nation, and 6th in California<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.kiplinger.com/tool/college/T014-S001-kiplinger-s-best-values-in-public-colleges/index.php |work=[[Kiplinger's Personal Finance|Kiplinger]] |title=Kiplinger's Best Values in Public Colleges |date=2013-01-15}}</ref> while ''[[The Princeton Review]]'' placed it 14th among U.S colleges for "Best Value Colleges" in 2012.<ref>http://www.princetonreview.com/UniversityofCaliforniaDavis.aspx</ref> According to the 2011-2012 Top 50 Colleges and Universities in America published by ''The Best Colleges'', UC Davis is ranked 27th nationally and 2nd among the UCs after UC Berkeley.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thebestcolleges.org/rankings/top-50/| title=The Best Colleges}}</ref>

The university has several distinguished graduate programs ranked in the top 10 in their fields by the [[United States National Research Council]]; most notable are its programs in [[agricultural economics]], [[entomology]], [[evolutionary biology]], [[plant biology]], and [[ecology]]. Additionally, the NRC placed more than a third of UC Davis graduate programs in the top 25% of their respective fields.<ref>{{cite web | title = UC Davis Office of Graduate Studies: A Data-Based Assessment of Research-Doctorate Programs in the United States | url = http://gradstudies.ucdavis.edu/nrc/NRC-UCD-Brief-Report.pdf | year = 2010 | publisher=University of California, Davis}}</ref> In 2013, ''U.S. News & World Report'' placed UC Davis 2nd nationally in Veterinary Medicine, 3rd in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 7th in Biological and Agricultural Engineering, 11th in Environmental Engineering, 13th in Civil Engineering, 15th in International Economics, 19th in American Politics and 21st in Psychology.<ref name="USNews" /> The Economics department of UC Davis was also ranked 6th among public universities and 20th nationally according to the RePec (Research Papers in Economics) Rankings in 2011.<ref>http://econ.dss.ucdavis.edu/news/economics-department-ranked-number-6-among-public-u.s.-universities-and-ranked-in-the-top-20-among-public-and-private-u.s.-universities</ref> In 2013, ''[[The Economist]]'' placed UC Davis Graduate School of Management in the top 8% accredited MBA programs in the United States (ranked 37th nationally and 65th globally).<ref>http://gsm.ucdavis.edu/economist-ucd-mba-number-1-recruiter-diversity</ref>

The ''[[Academic Ranking of World Universities]]'' placed UC Davis 33rd nationally and 47th globally for 2013.<ref name="ShanghaiRanking.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/ARWU2013.html |title=''Academic Ranking of World Universities'' – 2013 |publisher=ShanghaiRanking.com}}</ref> In its 2013-14 rankings, ''[[Times Higher Education World University Rankings]]'' ranked it 52nd in the world.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/2013-14/world-ranking |title=World University Rankings 2013-2014 |publisher=The Times Higher Educational Supplement }}</ref> The ''[[QS World University Rankings]]'' ranked it 100th in 2012,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2012 |title=QS World University Rankings - 2012 |work=QS World University Rankings |publisher=Quacquarelli Symonds |accessdate=3 October 2013}}</ref> and 85th in 2013 (the 27th highest ranked U.S school on the list.)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2013 |title=QS World University Rankings - 2013 |work=QS World University Rankings |publisher=Quacquarelli Symonds |accessdate=3 October 2013}}</ref>

In 2012, ''[[Sierra Club|Sierra Magazine]]'' ranked UC Davis 1st in its "Coolest School" in America list due to campus sustainability and climate change efforts.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/201209/coolschools/slideshow/top-ten-cool-schools-uc-davis-1.aspx|title=America's Coolest Schools}}</ref> The ''[[Newsweek]]'' College Rankings of 2011 had UC Davis in 10th place among the "Happiest Schools in America" and 11th among the "Greenest Schools" in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/features/college-rankings/schools/ca/university-of-california-davis.html| title=Newsweek's College Ranking 2011 for UC Davis}}</ref> UC Davis was awarded an A- from the ''2010 College Sustainability Report Card'', which grades schools on their environmental sustainability across nine categories.<ref name="greenreportcard.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.greenreportcard.org/report-card-2010/schools/university-of-california-davis |title=University of California–Davis - Green Report Card 2010 |publisher=Greenreportcard.org |date=|accessdate=2010-09-27}}</ref> In 2012 - 2013, UC Davis was also ranked 1st among research universities (tied with UC Berkeley and Penn State) as top producers of Fulbright Scholars.<ref>http://chronicle.com/article/Top-Producers-of-US/135456/</ref>

The city of Davis has been ranked as the second Best College Town in America<ref>{{cite web|url=http://away.com/features/top-ten-college-towns-davis-california.html |title=Top Ten College Towns: Davis, California |publisher=Away.com |date=|accessdate=2012-03-28}}</ref> and the Best College Downtown in California.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cp-dr.com/node/2158 |title=Best Downtowns: College Towns | California Planning & Development Report |publisher=Cp-dr.com |date=2008-10-20 |accessdate=2012-03-28}}</ref>

===Admissions===
<div style="float:right; text-align:center;">
<big>'''Fall Freshman Statistics'''</big><ref name="Profile2012" /><ref name="news.ucdavis.edu">http://news.ucdavis.edu/search/news_detail.lasso?id=10539</ref><ref>http://www.sariweb.ucdavis.edu/commondataset/cds20112012.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.sariweb.ucdavis.edu/commondataset/cds20102011.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.sariweb.ucdavis.edu/commondataset/cds20092010.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.sariweb.ucdavis.edu/commondataset/cds20122013.pdf</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!   !! 2013 (preliminary) !! 2012 !! 2011 !! 2010 !! 2009
|-
! Applicants
| 55,895|| 49,333 || 45,806 || 43,295 || 42,374
|-
! Admits
| 21,998 || 22,521 || 21,085 || 19,460 || 19,581
|-
! % Admitted
| 39.4 || 45.7 || 46.0 || 44.9 || 46.2
|-
! Enrolled
| || 5,208 || 4,705 || 4,501 || 4,412
|-
! Average GPA
| || 3.96 || 3.90 || 3.86 || 3.90
|}
</div>

Admission to UC Davis is rated as "most selective" by ''[[U.S. News and World Report]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/university-of-california-davis-1313|title=University of California-Davis |year=2013|accessdate=2012-11-15|publisher=''U.S. News and World Report''}}</ref>

For Fall 2013, UC Davis received 55,895 freshmen applications; 21,998 were admitted (39.4%).<ref name="news.ucdavis.edu"/>

UC Davis received 49,333 applications for admission to the Fall 2012 incoming freshman class; 22,521 were admitted (45.7%).<ref name="Profile2012" /> The middle 50% of the 5,208 enrolled freshmen had average high school GPAs between 3.9-4.1, while the middle 50% range of SAT scores were 520-640 for critical reading, 570-690 for math, and 540-660 for writing.<ref name="Profile2012" />

For Fall 2012, 13,180 transfer applications were received; 7,673 were admitted (58.2%) and 2,888 enrolled.<ref name="Profile2012" /> 93.2% of admitted transfer students were from California community colleges.<ref name="TransferAdmissions">{{cite web |title=UC Davis Transfer Admission Profile |url=http://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/campuses/davis/transfer-profile/index.html |accessdate=2012-11-15 |work=University of California}}</ref>

===Library===
[[Image:UCDavis PeterJShieldsLibrary.jpg|thumb|Inside of the Peter J. Shields Library]]
UC Davis' libraries include the [[Peter J. Shields Library]], the Physical Sciences & Engineering Library, the Carlson Health Sciences Library, and the Medical Center Library in [[Sacramento]], contain more than 3.5 million volumes and offers a number of special collections and services. The Peter J. Shields Library has three different architectural styles due to various construction and extensions being added; it is the main library where students study on-campus, with a 24-hour reading room, open computer labs, and unique furniture.

==Faculty and research==
UC Davis is also one of 62 members in the prestigious [[Association of American Universities]] (as of 1996). The Association of American Universities is an organization of leading research universities devoted to maintaining a strong system of academic research and education. It consists of sixty universities in the United States (both public and private) and two universities in Canada.

===Research expenditures===
According to the [[National Science Foundation]], UC Davis spent $456,653,000 on research and development in the fiscal year 2002-2003, ranking it 14th in the nation. Specifically, UC Davis's expenditures nationally ranked first in agricultural research ($25,683,000), seventh in biological research ($118,477,000), and 13th in the life sciences ($336,796,000). UC Davis reported $750 million in research expenditures in 2011-12.<ref>http://www.news.ucdavis.edu/search/news_detail.lasso?id=10398 UC Davis awarded record $750 million for research in 2011-12 (October 31, 2012)</ref>

===Faculty honors===
Its faculty includes 20 members of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]], 11 members of the [[National Academy of Engineering]], 21 members of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]], 17 members of the [[American Law Institute]], 2 [[Pulitzer Prize]] winners, 2 [[MacArthur Fellowship|MacArthur Fellows]] and one member of the [[Royal Society]].
[[File:Bodega Marine Lab 3543.jpg|thumb|right|Bodega Marine Lab from the south, looking across Horseshoe Cove]]

===Research centers and laboratories===
The campus supports a number of research centers and laboratories including:

* [[AHMCT|Advanced Highway Maintenance Construction Technology Research Laboratory]]
* BGI at UC Davis Joint Genome Center (in planning process) <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.news.ucdavis.edu/search/news_detail.lasso?id=10052 | title=BGI @ UC Davis Joint Genome Center}}</ref>
* Bodega Bay Marine Laboratory
* CalEPR Center
* California National Primate Research Center
* California Raptor Center
* [[Center for Health and the Environment]]
* [[Center for the Study of Human Rights in the Americas]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://humanrights.ucdavis.edu/ |title=Welcome! |publisher=Humanrights.ucdavis.edu |date=2011-11-18 |accessdate=2012-03-28}}</ref>
* [[Center for Visual Sciences]]
* [http://www.poverty.ucdavis.edu Center for Poverty Research]
* [[Crocker Nuclear Laboratory]]
* Davis Millimeter Wave Research Center (A joint effort of Agilent Technologies Inc. and UC Davis) (in planning process)
* [[Information Center for the Environment]]
* [[MIND Institute]]
* Tahoe Environmental Research Center
* [[UC Center Sacramento]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uccs.ucdavis.edu/ |title=Welcome — University of California Center Sacramento |publisher=Uccs.ucdavis.edu |date=|accessdate=2012-03-28}}</ref>
* [[UCPRC|University of California Pavement Research Center]]
* Energy Efficiency Center (the very first university run energy efficiency center in the Nation).

The [[Crocker Nuclear Laboratory]] on campus has had a [[nuclear accelerator]] since 1966.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://crocker.ucdavis.edu/ |title=Crocker Nuclear Laboratory |publisher=Crocker.ucdavis.edu |date=|accessdate=2012-03-28}}</ref><ref name="Crocker at 40">{{cite web|url=http://www.ucdavis.edu/spotlight/0706/crocker_nuclear_lab.html|title=Crocker Nuclear Lab at 40|last=Fell|first=Andy|publisher=UC Davis|accessdate=2008-12-02}}</ref> The laboratory is used by scientists and engineers from private industry, universities and government to research topics including [[nuclear physics]], applied [[solid state physics]], [[radiation]] effects, [[planetary geology]] and [[cosmogenics]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://crocker.ucdavis.edu/Site/Information/AboutCNL.aspx |title=About Crocker Nuclear Laboratory |publisher=Crocker.ucdavis.edu |date=|accessdate=2012-03-28}}</ref> UC Davis is the only UC campus, besides Berkeley, that has a nuclear laboratory.

Agilent Technologies will also work with the university in establishing a Davis Millimeter Wave Research Center to conduct research on millimeter wave and THz systems.<ref>Nicolas Mokhoff, EE Times. "[http://eetimes.com/electronics-news/4218497/Agilent-and-UC-Davis-form-millimeter-research-center Agilent and UC Davis form millimeter research center]." August 3, 2011. Retrieved August 5, 2011.</ref>

==Student life==
[[Image:ucdarc.jpeg|thumb|The Activities and Recreation Center]]
The undergraduate student government of UC Davis is the Associated Students of UC Davis (ASUCD), and has an annual operating budget of 11.1 million dollars, making it one of the largest-funded student government in the United States.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://asucd.ucdavis.edu/ | title=ASUCD Home Page | publisher=Associated Students of UC Davis | accessdate=July 14, 2007}}</ref> ASUCD includes an Executive, Legislative, and Judicial branch. Other than representing the student body on campus, the task of ASUCD is to lobby student interests to local and state government. Also under the purview of ASUCD are the student-run Coffee House is an ASUCD unit and [[Unitrans]], the Davis public bus system. ASUCD employs thousands of students<ref>{{cite web| url=http://asucd.ucdavis.edu/job | title=Jobs ASUCD Information Network | publisher=Associated Students of UC Davis | accessdate=March 8, 2009}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> annually across its many units.

[[Image:Ucdavis aggies.png|thumb|left|UC Davis Athletics logo]]
[[Image:UC Davis Marching Band.jpg|thumb|[[UC Davis California Aggie Marching Band-uh!]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.davisenterprise.com/media-post/picnic-day-2012/|publisher=Davis Enterprise|title=98th annual Picnic Day|author=Wayne Pilcock|date=April 22, 2012|accessdate=May 7, 2013}}</ref>]]
[[Picnic Day (UC Davis)|Picnic Day]], UC Davis's annual Open House, is the largest student-run event in the United States. It attracts thousands of visitors each year with its many attractions. These include a parade, a magic show performed by the chemistry department, the Doxie Derby ([[dachshund]] races), film screenings, and a [[Battle of the Bands]] between the [[UC Davis California Aggie Marching Band|Band]] and other college bands including the [[Cal Band]], the [[Stanford Band]], and the Humboldt State Marching Band.

Another highlight of UC Davis is its student-run [[freeform (radio format)|freeform]] radio station, [[KDVS]]. The station began operations on February 1, 1964 from the laundry room of the all-male dormitory Beckett Hall. The station soon gained a reputation by airing interviews with [[Angela Davis]] and a live call-in show with then [[Governor of California|California Governor]] [[Ronald Reagan]] in 1969. The station can now be heard on 90.3 [[FM broadcasting|FM]] and online at its website.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kdvs.org/ |title=News |publisher=KDVS |date=|accessdate=2012-03-28}}</ref>

UC Davis has over 500 registered student organizations, ranging from political clubs to professional societies to language clubs. According to the administration, roughly 75% of students are involved with one or more student-run groups on campus. These clubs are managed through the Center for Student Involvement.<ref>"Center for Student Involvement, UC Davis" [[csi.ucdavis.edu]] Retrieved 8/21/13</ref>

The academic Graduate Students and management students are represented by the Graduate Student Association (GSA). The Law Students are represented by Law Students Association.

Students are also encouraged to wear Aggie Blue on game days to show their Aggie Pride. If spotted wearing Aggie Blue by the Aggie Pack, students may have UC Davis paraphernalia thrown at them as a reward.

Students also participate in intramural sports such as basketball, ultimate frisbee, soccer and many more. The ARC contains a basketball gym, work out room, rock climbing wall, and other studio rooms for group exercise.

[[Image:Tai Kwon Do competition, UCD.jpg|thumb|The UC Davis Tae Kwon Do club]]
One less-known student tradition occurs during the commencement ceremonies, where students toss tortillas into the air at the beginning of the ceremony. Tortillas are smuggled into the building under graduation gowns and released into the air after all the graduates have taken their seats.

Other student activities:
* [[Unitrans]], the student run (and driven) bus system.
* The Coffee House, also known as the CoHo, is a student run restaurant serving 7000 customers daily.
* The Bike Barn, a bicycle shop that sells and rents bicycles and cycling equipment, also operating a repair shop.
* [[KDVS]], student radio.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kdvs.org/ |title=News |publisher=KDVS |date=|accessdate=2012-03-28}}</ref>
* The Entertainment Council,<ref>[http://ec.ucdavis.edu/ ec.ucdavis.edu]</ref> responsible for bringing famous musicians to campus and organizing student events.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ec.ucdavis.edu |title=Entertainment Council |publisher=Ec.ucdavis.edu |date=|accessdate=2010-06-08}}</ref>
* US Post Office, a completely student-run official United States Postal Service Contract Station.

===Transportation===
[[Image:Bicycles, UC Davis.jpg|thumb|Bicycles, UC Davis]]
[[Image:Double-decker bus, UC Davis.jpg|thumb|One of the [[double decker]]s in the city's student-run (and student-driven) bus system]]

Bicyclists are ubiquitous around campus as well as the city, and thus a lot of bike-only infrastructure exists, such as bike circles, large bike lanes, and traffic signals exclusively for bikes and the UC Davis cycling team has won several national championship titles.<ref>{{cite web | title=UC Davis Cycling homepage |url=http://www.ucdaviscycling.com/ | publisher=UC Davis}}</ref> The campus police department also has some of its officers patrol on bicycles and take bicycling under the influence ("BUI") and bicycling without a headlight at night very seriously. All bikes on the UC Davis campus must be registered with a California Bicycle license or they risk being sold at the on campus bike auction.

UC Davis is also well known for its bus service, [[Unitrans]], and its trademark London [[Double-decker bus|double decker buses]]. It has been in operation since 1968 and is believed to be the only general purpose (non-sightseeing) transit system in the U.S. to operate vintage double deck buses in daily service. The system is operated and managed entirely by students and offers fixed-route transportation throughout the city. There is also an inter-campus bus service<ref>http://www.fleet.ucdavis.edu/buses/shuttles/berkeley/schedule.php</ref> that ferries back and forth between UC Davis and [[UC Berkeley]] twice daily, from Monday to Friday. Davis is also one of the busiest stations of the [[Capitol Corridor]] intercity railroad service operated by [[Amtrak]] between the Bay Area and Sacramento.

The central campus is bounded by freeways on two sides (Highway 113 and [[Interstate 80]]). All other UC campuses are either somewhat distant from the closest freeway or are directly adjacent to only one freeway. Two freeway exits are entirely within UCD's boundaries. One, off Highway 113, is signed "UC Davis / Hutchison Drive" and the other, off Interstate 80, is signed exclusively as "UC Davis."

Easy freeway access, coupled with increasing housing costs in the city of Davis, have led to increased numbers of students commuting via automobile. Some students choose to live in the neighboring communities of [[Sacramento, CA|Sacramento]], [[Dixon, CA|Dixon]] or [[Woodland, CA|Woodland]], and use their own cars or the county-wide Yolobus to get to UC Davis.

===''The California Aggie''===
UC Davis also publishes a weekly [[student newspaper]], ''[[The California Aggie]]''. The ''Aggie'' was first published in 1915 as the ''Weekly Agricola'' after its approval by the Associated Student Executive Committee. At this point, UC Davis was considered the University Farm, an extension of [[UC Berkeley]].<ref name="ucdavis.edu">[http://www.ucdavis.edu/spotlight/1006/aggie_early_years.html UC Davis: Spotlight: Student news since 1915]{{dead link|date=March 2012}}</ref>

Initially, the ''Weekly Agricola'' was focused on both student news and farming-related topics. Novelist [[Jack London]] was one of the first readers of the ''Weekly Agricola''. In 1922, it was renamed to match the school's athletic name.<ref name="ucdavis.edu" /> Today, the ''Aggie'' has the largest print distribution in [[Yolo County]], at around 12,000 copies distributed daily.

===Greek life===
[[File:Water Tower, UC Davis(cropped).jpg|thumb|upright|UC Davis' iconic water tower]]
Social fraternities and sororities have been a part of the University of California at Davis since 1913. Approximately 8% of the university's undergraduate students are involved in the school's fraternities and sororities. One sorority, [http://www.sigmaaepi.com [[Sigma Alpha Epsilon Pi]]], was featured during the first season of the MTV reality show ''[[Sorority Life]]''.

There are currently 16 fraternities that are a part of the Interfraternity Council (IFC) in Davis. The IFC representatives attend weekly meetings to guarantee that all UC Davis rules and regulations are followed. The meetings are also used to inform the fraternities about all upcoming activities throughout the week. The 16 fraternities are: [[Alpha Epsilon Pi]], [[Alpha Gamma Omega]], [[Alpha Sigma Phi]], [[Chi Phi]], [[Delta Chi]], [[Delta Sigma Phi]], [[Lambda Chi Alpha]], [[Pi Kappa Alpha]], [[Phi Kappa Psi]], [[Sigma Alpha Mu]], [[Sigma Chi]], [[Sigma Nu]], [[Sigma Phi Epsilon]], [[Tau Kappa Epsilon]], [[Theta Chi]], and [[Theta Xi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ucdavis-ifc.com |title=Interfraternity Council |publisher=ucdavis-ifc.com |date=|accessdate=2012-09-03}}</ref>

The Davis Collegiate Panhellenic Council (DCPA) is similar to the Interfraternity Council, but is the governing council for several sororities at UC Davis. They are responsible for organizing recruitment, and overseeing that all regulations are upheld. There are currently 10 sororities that are a part of the Panhellenic Council. The 10 sororities are: [[alpha Kappa Delta Phi]], [[Alpha Chi Omega]], [[Alpha Phi]], [[Chi Omega]], [[Delta Delta Delta]], [[Delta Gamma]], [[Kappa Alpha Theta]], [[Kappa Kappa Gamma]], [[Pi Beta Phi]], Sigma Alpha Epsilon Pi.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ucdpanhellenic.com |title=Panhellenic Council |publisher=ucdpanhellenic.com |date=|accessdate=2011-01-08}}</ref>

The Phi Chapter of [[Alpha Gamma Rho]] was locally established May 1 of 1923 at UC Davis making it the first continuously running national fraternity on campus. They started as the Kappa Tau Fraternity, which was the first Agricultural Fraternity on campus. Many campus buildings are named after alumni of Alpha Gamma Rho such as Emil Mrak (Mrak Hall, Registrar's office), Orville Thompson (Thompson Hall, Segundo student housing), and Dean De Carli (the De Carli room, 2nd floor MU), Mel Olson Scoreboard ([[Aggie Stadium (UC Davis)|Aggie Stadium]]), and many more. The AGR Hall is an event space located inside the Buehler Alumni / Visitor's Center and is commonly rented out as a conference room or banquet hall. There are both national and local fraternities and sororities at UCD with diverse backgrounds and histories.<ref>{{cite web | title=Greek Life | publisher=Student Programs & Activities Center, UC Davis | url=http://greeklife.ucdavis.edu/ | accessdate=2012-09-03}}</ref>

==Athletics==
[[Image:Aggie Stadium (UC Davis).jpg|thumb|right|[[Aggie Stadium (UC Davis)|Aggie Stadium]]]]
{{main|UC Davis Aggies}}
The [[UC Davis Aggies]] (or Ags) compete in [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] [[Division I (NCAA)|Division I]] sports in the [[Big West Conference]]. For [[American football|football]], the Aggies compete in Division I [[Division I Football Championship Subdivision|FCS]] (formerly known as Division I-AA), and are members of the [[Big Sky Conference]], granting UC Davis the distinction of being one of only three UC campuses to field a football team ([[University of California, Berkeley|Cal]] and [[University of California, Los Angeles|UCLA]] being the other two). The Aggies are also members of the [[Mountain Pacific Sports Federation]] in gymnastics and lacrosse, the [[Western Intercollegiate Rowing Association]] and [[Davis Men's Crew Club]] for [[rowing (sport)|rowing]].

The UC [[Davis Men's Crew Club]] is one of the more successful clubs both on campus and in the West. In 2008 the JV boat won first in nationals at the ACRA Championships in Tennessee and in 2009 the Varsity boat got second place in nationals at the ACRA Championships. They consistently compete against teams such as Stanford, the University of Washington and UC Berkeley.

The Aggies finished first in [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] [[Division II (NCAA)|Division II]] six times in 2003 and won the [[NACDA Directors' Cup]] 4 years in a row from 1999 to 2003. In 1998, the UC Davis men's basketball team won the NCAA [[Division II (NCAA)|Division II]] national championship despite being one of the few non-scholarship institutions in Division II at that time. They have also won NCAA Division II championships in Softball (2003), Men's Tennis (1992), and Women's Tennis (1990, 1993). These and other achievements motivated a decision (following a year of heavy discussion by campus administrators, faculty, staff, students, alumni and the local community) in 2003 for the athletics program to re-classify to Division I.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.news.ucdavis.edu/search/news_detail.lasso?id=8243 | title=UC Davis Takes to NCAA Division I Playing Field | accessdate=July 19, 2007 | publisher = UC Davis News & Information}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.news.ucdavis.edu/search/news_detail.lasso?id=8246 | title=UC Davis Timeline: The Road to Division I | accessdate=July 19, 2007 | publisher = UC Davis News & Information}}</ref>

[[Image:Aggies at Stanford (half-time show).jpg|thumb|Aggies at Stanford (half-time show), September 17, 2005]]
The highlight of UC Davis's 4-year transition to Division I occurred on September 17, 2005, when the Aggies defeated the heavily favored [[Stanford Cardinal]] at [[Stanford Stadium]] by a score of 20-17 on a TD pass with 8 seconds left in the game. The Aggies also pulled off an upset against Stanford in basketball just months later, beating the Cardinal 64-58 with a late rally at home on December 4, 2005. The win in these two major sports and the addition of the Aggies beating the Cardinal in soccer earlier in 2005 as well as a win in wrestling and two wins in baseball pulled the Aggies' win loss record with Stanford to 5-1 for men's sports the 05-06 year.

The Aggie football team plays [[California State University, Sacramento|Sacramento State]] in the annual [[Causeway Classic]] for the [[Causeway Carriage]]. The team also plays [[California Polytechnic State University|Cal Poly San Luis Obispo]] in the annual [[Battle for the Golden Horseshoe]]. UC Davis students gather at sporting events to rally as the [[Aggie Pack]], the largest student-run school spirit organization in the United States. The Aggie Pack cheers on the sports team along with the [http://www.aggiepack.com/spiritsquad.htm Spirit Squad] to the music of the [[Cal Aggie Marching Band-uh!]] and its alumni band. [[Aggie Stadium (UC Davis)|Aggie Stadium]] is the home of the UC Davis football and lacrosse teams.

UC Davis also had a noteworthy wrestling program, which competed in the Pac-10 at the Division I level. In 2007, UC Davis wrestler Derek Moore gained All-American status, as well as won the NCAA Division I Championships for his weight class. Moore also received the "Most Outstanding Wrestler" award of the NCAA tournament. In doing so, Derek Moore became the first UC Davis student-athlete to become a NCAA champion at the Division I level. That same year, UC Davis finished within the top 25 for Division I collegiate wrestling programs in the country.

Wrestling was cut from the athletic department in April 2010. Other cuts included men's swimming, men's indoor track, and women's rowing. The athletic's department had to cut $1.79 million out of the budget. 14 women's teams and 9 men's teams were funded for the 2010-2011 school year.<ref>{{cite web|last=Rosenhall |first=Laurel |url=http://www.sacbee.com/2010/04/17/2685287/uc-davis-cuts-4-of-27-athletic.html |title=UC Davis cuts 4 of 27 athletic teams - Sacramento Sports - Kings, 49ers, Raiders, High School Sports | Sacramento Bee |publisher=Sacbee.com |date=|accessdate=2010-06-08}}</ref>
[[Image:Ucdavis aggies.png|thumb|left|UC Davis Athletics logo]]
The official school colors are blue and gold. The blue is due to the UC's early connection to Yale<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ucdavis.edu/spotlight/0606/graduation_factoids.html | title=UC Davis Spotlight | accessdate = July 14, 2007}}</ref> and as a result is often referred to as "[[Yale Blue]]" (e.g., see),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://athletics.ucdavis.edu/FOOTBALL/General_Info/general.html |title=UC Davis Football - Aggie Football General Information |publisher=Athletics.ucdavis.edu |date=|accessdate=2010-06-08}}</ref> and <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sportsline.com/collegebasketball/teams/page/CALDAV?&_1:col_1=1 |title=California Davis Aggies | NCAA Basketball at CBSSports.com |publisher=Sportsline.com |date=2008-06-11 |accessdate=2010-06-08}}</ref> although UCD's official blue, usually called "Aggie Blue", Pantone 295<ref>{{cite web| url=http://ucomm.ucdavis.edu/pubguide/logos_seals_marks.html | title=Publication Standards | publisher=University Communications | accessdate=July 19, 2007 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070709153410/http://ucomm.ucdavis.edu/pubguide/logos_seals_marks.html  |archivedate = July 9, 2007}}</ref> differs from Yale Blue (approximately Pantone 289)<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.yale.edu/printer/identity/yaleblue.html | title=Yale's Visual Identity: Yale Blue | publisher=Yale University | accessdate=July 19, 2007}}</ref>

The official school mascot is the [[Mustang (horse)|mustang]]. Students at UC Davis are referred to as Aggies in honor of the school's agricultural heritage. Unlike most colleges, there is a distinction between the name for students and the mascot. There was a movement to change the school's mascot from the mustang to the [[dairy cattle|cow]], but despite student support this was turned down after opposition from alumni. Many people will call the mustang mascot of UC Davis an [[UC Davis Aggies|Aggie]], but this is not its proper name; the mustang mascot is named Gunrock. The name dates to 1921 when the US Army brought a thoroughbred horse named [[Gunrock]] to UC Davis to supply high-quality breeding stock for the [[US Cavalry]] remount program. The mustang mascot was selected to honor that cavalry horse.

==Sustainability==
UC Davis has implemented many environmentally sustainable features on campus. In the Fall of 2010, UCD opened a renovated Dining Commons in the Cuarto living area. The dining hall prides itself on its sustainability and use of local produce. Currently there are two [[Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design|LEED]]-certified buildings operated by the university — the Robert Mondavi Institute for Wine and Food Science, which is the first brewery, winery or food-processing facilities in the world to achieve Platinum-level certification, and the Tahoe Center for Environmental Sciences at [[Lake Tahoe]], one of only five laboratories in the world to achieve Platinum-level certification.<ref name="UC Davis: Green Buildings">{{cite web
| title = UC Davis: Find Green Buildings
| publisher = UC Davis
| url = http://sustainability.ucdavis.edu/progress/buildings/map.html
| accessdate = 2011-02-28 }}</ref> Plans call for additional campus buildings to meet standards equivalent to LEED Silver,<ref name="UC Davis: Building Management">{{cite web
| title = UC Davis: Building Management
| publisher = UC Davis
| url = http://sustainability.ucdavis.edu/progress/buildings/
| accessdate = 2011-02-28 }}</ref> and for the development of UC Davis West Village as a "zero net energy" community.<ref name="UC Davis: West Village">{{cite web
| title = UC Davis West Village
| publisher = UC Davis
| url = http://westvillage.ucdavis.edu/
| accessdate = 2010-09-28 }}</ref>

The university was given two Best Practice Awards at the 2009 annual Sustainability Conference, held by the University of California, California State University and the California Community Colleges, for the campus's lighting retrofit project and sustainable design in new construction.<ref name="UC Davis: Best Practices">{{cite web
| title = UC Davis receives 2 best practices awards at sustainability conference
| publisher = Dateline, UC Davis
| url = http://dateline.ucdavis.edu/dl_detail.lasso?id=11639
| accessdate = 2010-09-28 }}</ref>

UC Davis has used the olives from the old trees on campus to produce olive oil<ref name="UC Davis: Olive oil">{{cite web
| title = UC Davis olive oil
| publisher = Olive Oil Center, UC Davis
| url = http://oliveoil.ucdavis.edu/
| accessdate = 2010-09-28 }}</ref> and table olives,<ref name="UC Davis: Table Olives">{{cite web
| title = UC Davis table olives
| publisher = Campus Grown, UC Davis
| url = http://campusgrown.ucdavis.edu/olives/table_olives.html
| accessdate = 2011-01-06 }}</ref> and the school uses drought-tolerant landscaping on and around campus.<ref name="UC Davis: Landscaping">{{cite web
| title = UC Davis: Water and Landscaping
| publisher = UC Davis
| url = http://sustainability.ucdavis.edu/progress/water/index.html
| accessdate = 2010-09-28 }}</ref> The campus also operates its own landfill, where it converts landfill (methane) gas to energy.<ref name="UC Davis: Energy">{{cite web
| title = UC Davis: Energy Systems
| publisher = UC Davis
| url = http://sustainability.ucdavis.edu/progress/energy/index.html
| accessdate = 2010-09-28 }}</ref>

For its efforts in campus sustainability, UC Davis earned an A- on the 2010 College Sustainability Report Card, one of 27 schools to achieve the highest grade awarded.<ref name="greenreportcard.org" />

UC Davis became the first university to implement a fee on all single-use bags distributed on campus and is working towards becoming the first university campus to ban plastic bags entirely.<ref>{{cite web | title=Have some SWAG, bring your own BAG| url=http://www.theaggie.org/2011/11/30/%E2%80%9Chave-some-swag-bring-your-own-bag%E2%80%9D/ | publisher = The California Aggie}}</ref>

UC Davis is also home to the Agricultural Sustainability Institute (ASI),<ref>http://asi.ucdavis.edu/index.htm</ref> which is part of the College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES). ASI provides leadership for research, teaching, outreach, and extension efforts in agricultural and food systems sustainability at the Davis campus and throughout the UC system.

UC Davis, introduced by Arnold Schwarzenegger as the "environmental capital of the world",<ref name="GGCS3">{{cite web
| title = UC Davis: News & Information - Dateline
| publisher = UC Davis
| url = http://dateline.ucdavis.edu/dl_detail.lasso?id=13078
| accessdate = 2010-11-17 }}</ref> hosted Governors' Global Climate Summit 3 (GGCS3)<ref>http://ces.ucdavis.edu/ggcs3</ref> which is an international climate forum for the top leaders of local, regional, national and international entities, as well as those from academia, business and nonprofits. The summit featured talks that promised to broaden national partnerships through an increased understanding of unique environmental and economic challenges in the continuation to grow a clean, green economy. The summit included more than 1,500 attendees from more than 80 countries.

==People==
*[[List of University of California, Davis alumni]]
*[[List of University of California, Davis faculty]]

==See also==
{{Portal|California Central Valley}}
* [[Mondavi Center]]
* [[The Pavilion (UC Davis)]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|University of California, Davis}}
*[http://www.ucdavis.edu/ Official Website]
*[http://ucdavisaggies.collegesports.com Official Athletics Website]
*[[Wikispot:davis|Davis Wiki]] - Wiki for the community of Davis
*{{dmoz|Reference/Education/Colleges_and_Universities/North_America/United_States/California/University_of_California/Davis/}}
{{UC Davis}}
{{UCDavis Chancellors}}
{{Big West Conference navbox}}
{{Big Sky Conference navbox}}
{{Association of American Universities}}
{{Universities Research Association}}
{{APRU}}
{{Sacramento Valley Sports}}
{{University of California}}
{{Public Ivy}}
{{Yolo County, California}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:California, Davis}}
[[Category:University of California, Davis|*]]
[[Category:University of California|Davis]]
[[Category:Agricultural universities and colleges in the United States]]
[[Category:Association of American Universities|California Davis, University of]]
[[Category:Association of Public and Land-Grant Universities]]
[[Category:Association of Pacific Rim Universities]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in Yolo County, California]]
[[Category:Central Valley (California)]]
[[Category:Davis, California]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1905|California Davis, University of]]
[[Category:Land-grant universities and colleges|California Davis, University of]]
[[Category:Schools accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in Yolo County, California]]
[[Category:1905 establishments in California]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in California]]

University of California, San Francisco

2013-11-20T00:46:48Z

Casecrer:

{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2012}}
{{Infobox university
|name = University of California, San Francisco
|motto = ''[[Fiat lux]]'' ([[Latin]])
|mottoeng = [[Let there be light]]
|image_name = [[File:The_University_of_California_1868_UCSF.svg|200px|alt=The Seal of the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF)]]
|established = 1873
|type = [[Public university|Public]]
|endowment = $1.55 billion <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/_files/report/UC_Annual_Endowment_Report_FY2011-2012.pdf |title=UC Annual Endowment Report, Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012; p.4 |accessdate=2013-01-07 |publisher=Office of the Treasurer of the Regents of the University of California|format=PDF}}</ref>
|staff =
|faculty = 1,686
|chancellor = [[Susan D. Desmond-Hellmann]]
|postgrad = 4,636 (Fall 2011)<ref name="Campus Facts">{{cite web|url=http://finreports.universityofcalifornia.edu/index.php?file=10-11/pdf/fullreport_1011.pdf |format=PDF |title=UC Financial Reports – Campus Facts in Brief |year=2010-11 |publisher=University of California |accessdate=November 17, 2012}}</ref>
|doctoral =
|city = San Francisco
|state = California
|country = United States
|campus = Urban, {{convert|255|acre|ha}},<ref name="Campus Facts"/>
|colors = [[Bleu celeste|UCSF Teal]] {{color box|#88bbbb}}<ref name=UCSF_CLS>{{cite web|url=http://campuslifeservices.ucsf.edu/ustores/about/information/ |title=University of California, San Francisco Campus Life Services Information |publisher=Campuslifeservices.ucsf.edu |accessdate=April 26, 2012}}</ref>
|mascot = Bear<ref name=UCSF_CLS/>
|nickname =
|affiliations = [[University of California]]
|website = [http://www.ucsf.edu UCSF.edu]
|logo = [[Image:UCSF logo.png|150px]]
}}
The '''University of California, San Francisco''' ('''UCSF''') is a center of health sciences research, patient care, and education; located in [[San Francisco]], [[California]]. UCSF is widely regarded as one of the world's leading universities in health sciences. Though one of the 10 campuses of the [[University of California]], it is unique for being the only University of California campus dedicated solely to graduate education, and in health and [[biomedical science]]s. Some of UCSF's treatment centers include [[kidney transplantation|kidney transplant]]s and [[liver transplantation]], [[radiology]], [[neurosurgery]], [[neurology]], [[oncology]], [[ophthalmology]], [[gene therapy]], [[women's health]], [[fetal surgery]], [[pediatrics]], and [[internal medicine]].

Founded in 1873, the mission of UCSF is to serve as a "public university dedicated to saving lives and improving health." The UCSF Medical Center is consistently<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ucsf.edu/news/2011/07/10275/ucsf-medical-center-named-top-10-hospital-11th-consecutive-year| title =UCSF Medical Center Named Top 10 Hospital for 11th Consecutive Year |author=Karin Rush-Monroe |publisher=UCSF |date=July 19, 2011 |accessdate=February 2, 2012}}</ref> ranked among the top 10 hospitals in the United States by ''[[U.S. News & World Report]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://health.usnews.com/health-news/best-hospitals/articles/2010/07/14/best-hospitals-2010-11-the-honor-roll |title=Best Hospitals 2011–12: the Honor Roll – US News and World Report |publisher=Health.usnews.com |date=July 18, 2011 |accessdate=April 26, 2012}}</ref> who also ranked UCSF’s medical school as one of the top 10 in a number of specialties, including a specialty program in [[Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome|AIDS]] medical care ranked first in the country.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-medical-schools |title=Top Medical Schools – US News and World Report |publisher=Health.usnews.com |date=March 11, 2013|accessdate=July 5, 2013}}</ref>

UCSF is administered separately from [[University of California, Hastings College of the Law|Hastings College of Law]], another [[University of California|UC]] institution located in San Francisco. In recent years, UCSF and UC Hastings have increased their collaboration, including the formation of the UCSF/Hastings Consortium on Law, Science, and Health Policy.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uchastings.edu/academics/jd-program/law-science/law-science-health-policy.html |title=UCSF/Hastings Consortium |publisher=Uchastings.edu |accessdate=July 29, 2010}}</ref>

==History==
[[Image:UCSF 1908.jpg|thumb|UCSF in 1908, with the streetcar that used to run on Parnassus Avenue]]
UCSF traces its history to Dr. Hugh H. Toland, a [[South Carolina]] surgeon who found great success and wealth after moving to San Francisco in 1852.<ref>[http://history.library.ucsf.edu/toland.html Hugh Huger Toland (1806–1880)], UCSF, ''Accessed October 6, 2010.''</ref> A previous school, the Cooper Medical College of the [[University of the Pacific (United States)|University of Pacific]] (founded 1858), entered a period of uncertainty in 1862 when its founder, Dr. Elias Samuel Cooper, died.<ref name = UCSF01/> In 1864, Toland founded a new medical school, Toland Medical College, and the faculty of Cooper Medical College chose to suspend operations and join the new school.<ref name=UCSF01>[http://history.library.ucsf.edu/1868_hospitals.html A History of UCSF: San Francisco's First Medical Institutions], UCSF, ''Accessed October 6, 2010.''</ref>

The [[University of California]] was founded in 1868, and by 1870 Toland Medical School began negotiating an affiliation with the new public university.<ref name = UCSF02/> Meanwhile, some faculty of Toland Medical School elected to reopen the Medical Department of the University of the Pacific, which would later become [[Stanford University School of Medicine]].<ref>[http://lane.stanford.edu/portals/history/chronsumc.html Chronology of the Stanford University Medical Center], Stanford School of Medicine, ''Accessed June 11, 2007.''</ref> Negotiations between the Toland and the UC were complicated by Toland's demand that the medical school continue to bear his name, which he finally conceded.<ref name = UCSF02/> In March 1873, the [[trustee]]s of Toland Medical College transferred it to the [[Regents of the University of California]], and it became "The Medical Department of the University of California."<ref name=UCSF02>[http://history.library.ucsf.edu/1868_hospitals.html A History of UCSF: University Affiliation], UCSF, ''Accessed October 10, 2010.''</ref> On September 15, 1874, the school opened its doors to female students.{{Citation needed|date=October 2012}}

==Campus==

UCSF operates four major campus sites within the city of San Francisco and one in [[Fresno, California]], as well as numerous other minor sites scattered through San Francisco and the [[San Francisco Bay Area]].

===Parnassus===
Parnassus serves as the main campus and includes numerous research labs, the 600 bed UCSF Medical Center, [[Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute]], and UCSF Children's Hospital. The Schools of Dentistry, Pharmacy, Medicine, Nursing, and the Biomedical Sciences graduate program are also located at Parnassus. It also houses the UCSF neurology outpatient practice that serves as a referral center of most of Northern California and [[Reno, Nevada]].

UCSF's Beckman Vision Center is also located at the Parnassus campus. It is a center for the diagnosis, treatment and research of all areas of eye care, including [[eye surgery|vision correction surgery]].

Also located on the Parnassus campus is the [[University of California, San Francisco Fetal Treatment Center|UCSF Fetal Treatment Center]], multidisciplinary care center dedicated to the diagnosis, treatment, and long-term follow-up of fetal birth defects.

===Mission Bay===
[[Image:Mission Bay, UCSF.jpg|thumb|Mission Bay, UCSF]]
[[Image:Mission Bay Community Center, UCSF (night-view)).jpg|thumb|Mission Bay Community Center]]
UCSF's [[Mission Bay (San Francisco)|Mission Bay]] Campus, also located in San Francisco, is the largest ongoing biomedical construction project in the world.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ravven |first=Wallace |url=http://pub.ucsf.edu/newsservices/releases/2003072264/ |title=New UCSF Mission Bay campus: country's largest biomedical university expansion |publisher=Pub.ucsf.edu |date=July 22, 2003 |accessdate=April 26, 2012}}</ref> The {{convert|43|acre|ha|sing=on}} Mission Bay campus, opened in 2003 with construction still ongoing, contains additional research space and facilities to foster biotechnology and life sciences companies. It will double the size of UCSF's research enterprise over the next 10 years. The biotechnology company [[Genentech]] contributed $50 million toward construction of a building as part of a [[Genentech#Disputes|settlement]] regarding alleged theft of UCSF technology several decades earlier.<ref>{{cite web|last=Genentech Press Release|title=University of California and Genentech Settle Patent Infringement Lawsuits|url=http://www.gene.com/gene/news/press-releases/display.do?method=print&id=4887|publisher=Genentech Inc.|accessdate=18 October 2012}}</ref> Also located on the Mission Bay campus, the Arthur and Toni Rembe Rock Hall was designed by [[César Pelli]] and opened in February 2004. The building is named in honor of [[Arthur Rock]] and his wife, who made a $25 million gift to the university.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://insider.ucsf.edu/2004/jul/index.html |title=$25 Million Gift Creates Professorship for UCSF Chancellor, Furthers Construction of Mission Bay Campus |publisher=Insider.ucsf.edu |date=February 1, 2005 |accessdate=April 26, 2012}}</ref> Byers Hall serves as the headquarters for the California Institute for Biomedical Research (QB3), a cooperative effort between the UC campuses at San Francisco, Berkeley, and Santa Cruz. The building is named after venture capitalist [[Brook Byers]], co-chair of UCSF's capital campaign that concluded in 2005 and raised over $1.6 billion.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pub.ucsf.edu/missionbay/town/qb3_partnerships.php |title=QB3's Inaugural Event Features Announcement of Major Partnerships with Industry |publisher=Pub.ucsf.edu |accessdate=April 26, 2012}}</ref> Additionally, the William J. Rutter Center, designed along with the adjacent 600-space parking structure by [[Ricardo Legorreta]], opened in October 2005 and contains a fitness and recreation center, swimming pools, student services, and conference facilities. The building is named in honor of [[William J. Rutter]], former [[Chairman#Academic position|chairman]] of the university's Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics and co-founder of [[Chiron Corporation]].<ref name="Rutter">{{cite news
| last =Tansey
| first =Bernadette
| title =UCSF to name building after biotech pioneer Bill Rutter
|work=San Francisco Chronicle
| date =November 29, 2007
| url =http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/11/29/BUCJTJUFS.DTL
| accessdate =November 29, 2007}}</ref> A housing complex for 750 students and postdoctoral fellows and an 800-space parking garage also opened in late 2005. And a fourth research building, designed by [[Rafael Viñoly]] and named the [http://cancer.ucsf.edu/diller/index.php Helen Diller Family Cancer Research Building], opened in June 2009. Two additional research buildings designated for neuroscience and cardiovascular research are currently in the planning and design phase.<ref>{{cite news | last =Rauber | first =Chris | title =Invention, born of necessity |publisher =[[American City Business Journals|San Francisco Business Times]] | date =October 12, 2007 | url =http://sanfrancisco.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/stories/2007/10/15/focus6.html | accessdate =February 11, 2008}}</ref> UCSF is also in the early stages of planning for a new specialty hospital focused on women, children, and cancer to be built at the Mission Bay campus and scheduled to open by the end of 2014.<ref>[http://www.ucsfhealth.org/adult/about/missionbay.html UCSF Medical Center at Mission Bay]</ref>

===Other===
The Mount Zion campus contains UCSF's [http://cancer.ucsf.edu NCI-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center], its Women's Health Center, the [[Osher Center for Integrative Medicine|Osher Center]] for [[Integrative Medicine]] and outpatient resources. The [[San Francisco General Hospital]] campus cares for the indigent population of San Francisco and contains San Francisco's only [[Level I trauma center]].{{Citation needed|date=February 2008}} The hospital itself is owned and operated by the city of San Francisco, but many of its doctors carry UCSF affiliation and maintain research laboratories at the hospital campus. The earliest cases of [http://cfar.ucsf.edu HIV/AIDS] were discovered at SF General Hospital in the 1980s.{{Citation needed|date=February 2008}} To this day SF General Hospital has the world's leading [http://php.ucsf.edu/ HIV/AIDS treatment and research center].{{Citation needed|date=February 2008}}

UCSF is also affiliated with the San Francisco [[United States Department of Veterans Affairs|VA]] Hospital and the [http://www.gladstone.ucsf.edu J. David Gladstone Institutes], a private biomedical research entity that has recently moved to a new building adjacent to UCSF's Mission Bay campus. The headquarters of the new [[California Institute for Regenerative Medicine]] are also located nearby in the Mission Bay neighborhood.

==Academics==

University of California, San Francisco is unique in that it performs only biomedical and patient-centered research in its Schools of Medicine, [[Pharmacy]], [[Nursing]], and [[Dentistry]], and the Graduate Division, and their hundreds of associated laboratories. The university is known for innovation in medical research, public service, and patient care. UCSF's faculty includes five Nobel Prize winners, 31 members of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]], 69 members of the [[Institute of Medicine]], and 30 members of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences|Academy of Arts and Sciences]]. UCSF confers a number of degrees, including [[Master of Science]], Doctor of Philosophy, [[Doctor of Pharmacy]], [[Doctor of Medicine]], [[Doctor of Dental Surgery]], and [[Doctor of Physical Therapy]] in a variety of fields.

===Rankings===

In 2012, the ''[[Academic Ranking of World Universities]]'', published annually by Shanghai Jiaotong University, ranked UCSF 2nd in the world for Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy and 3rd in the world for Life and Agricultural Sciences.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/Institution.jsp?param=University%20of%20California,%20San%20Francisco |title=Academic Ranking of World Universities by Broad Subject Fields – 2012 |publisher=Shanghairanking.com |accessdate=Jan 8, 2013}}</ref> The professional schools of the University of California, San Francisco are among the top in the nation, according to current (2013) ''[[US News and World Report]]'' graduate school and other rankings. The schools also rank at or near the top in research funding from the [[National Institutes of Health]]. In addition, the UCSF Medical Center in 2013 was ranked by ''US News and World Report'' the 7th-best hospital in the nation,<ref>{{cite news | title=America's Best Hospitals 2007 | publisher=''U.S. News & World Report'' | url=http://health.usnews.com/health-news/best-hospitals/articles/2011/07/18/best-hospitals-2011-12-the-honor-roll | accessdate =July 18, 2011 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071011234856/http://health.usnews.com/usnews/health/best-hospitals/honorroll.htm |archivedate = October 11, 2007}}</ref> making it the highest-ranked medical center in northern California.

====School of Medicine====
[[File:BennyBufanoBearandCubs.jpg|thumb|UCSF's bear mascot depicted by [[Benny Bufano]]'s Bear and Cub sculpture outside of Kalmanovitz Library]]
In 2013, the school of medicine ranked 4th overall among research-based medical schools by ''U.S. News & World Report''.<ref name=USNews>{{cite web |title=UC San Francisco Graduate School Rankings |url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/university-of-california-san-francisco-110699/overall-rankings |accessdate=2012-11-17 |work=''U.S. News & World Report''}}</ref> In rankings of medical schools for primary care, UCSF ranked 4th.<ref name=USNews/> It is the only medical school in the nation to be ranked in the top 5 in both the research and primary care categories. In addition, UCSF is nationally-ranked as #1 in AIDS, #2 in Internal Medicine, Women's Health, and Drug and Alcohol Abuse, #4 in Family Medicine, #6 in Geriatrics, and #7 in Pediatrics. <ref name=USNews/>

In 2011, the School of Medicine was the second largest recipient of [[National Institutes of Health]] research funds among all US medical schools, and the first among all public medical schools, receiving awards totaling $532.8 million.<ref>{{Cite press release |url=http://www.ucsf.edu/news/2012/01/11344/ucsf-tops-public-institutions-nih-biomedical-research-funds |title=UCSF Tops Public Institutions in NIH Biomedical Research Funds |publisher=UCSF |date=January 18, 2012}}</ref> This figure rose from 2010 when the School of Medicine received a total of $475.4 million in NIH funds, but was still the largest public medical school recipient.<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www.ucsfhealth.org/news/2011/02/ucsf_tops_public_institutions_in_nih_funding_ranks_third_ove.html |title=UCSF Tops Public Institutions in NIH Funding, Ranks Third Overall |publisher=UCSF |date=February 15, 2011}}</ref>

====Biological Sciences, PhD Programs====
''U.S. News & World Report'' in 2012 ranked UCSF seventh best overall.<ref name=USNews/> In that survey, UCSF ranked second in [[immunology]], third in [[neuroscience]], fourth in [[cell biology]], and [[microbiology]], fifth in [[biochemistry]]/[[biophysics]]/[[structural biology]], sixth in [[molecular biology]], and eighth in [[genetics]]/[[genomics]]/[[bioinformatics]].<ref name=USNews/>

====School of Nursing====
In 2012, ''U.S. News & World Report'' ranked the UCSF graduate programs in [[nursing]] as fourth in the nation.<ref name=USNews/> UCSF ranked in the top 10 in all seven of the rated nursing specialties, including first for adult/medical-surgical nurse, family nurse practitioner and [[psychiatry|psychiatric]]/[[mental health]] nurse programs, and second for its adult [[nurse practitioner]] program.<ref name=USNews/> The community/public health nursing program ranked fourth, while the pediatric nurse practitioner and the gerontology/geriatrics practitioner specialties ranked eighth nationally.<ref name=USNews/>

The School of Nursing in 2007 ranked first nationally in total [[NIH]] research funds with $13.8 million.<ref name="NIH 2007">{{cite web|last=Ravven |first=Wallace |url=http://pub.ucsf.edu/newsservices/releases/200804185/ |title=UCSF among top universities in NIH funding |publisher=Pub.ucsf.edu |date=April 18, 2008 |accessdate=April 26, 2012}}</ref>

====School of Pharmacy====
In 2012, ''US News and World Report'' ranked the UCSF School of Pharmacy number one in its "America's Best Graduate Schools" edition.<ref name=USNews/> In 2010, the School of Pharmacy also ranked first in [[NIH]] research funding among all US pharmacy schools, receiving awards totaling $19.6 million.<ref name="NIH 2007"/>

The UCSF School of Pharmacy was also ranked as the top program in the US, according to a 2002 survey published in ''The Annals of Pharmacotherapy'', which weighed key criteria, including funding for research and the frequency of scientific publications by faculty, that are not considered in other rankings.

====School of Dentistry====
The School of Dentistry in 2007 ranked first among all dental schools in [[NIH]] research funding. It received awards totaling $18.3 million from the [[NIH]].<ref name="NIH 2007"/>

In 2011, the School of Dentistry ranked first again in [[NIH]] research funding, this time receiving $19.5 million.
(sources:
http://report.nih.gov/award/trends/FindOrg.cfm
http://www.ucsf.edu/news/2011/02/9393/ucsf-tops-public-institutions-nih-funding-ranks-third-overall )

====UCSF Medical Center====
[[File:UCSF Medical Center and Sutro Tower in 2008.jpg|thumb|center|570px|UCSF Medical Center and [[Sutro Tower]]]]
In 2011, ''US News and World Report'' named the [[UCSF Medical Center]] the seventh-best hospital in the nation, making it the highest-ranked medical center in Northern California. Among pediatric care centers, UCSF Children's Hospital ranked no. 16 – among the highest-rated children's medical service in California.

In the magazine's "America's Best Hospitals" survey, the UCSF Medical Center ranked best in Northern California – as well as among the best in the nation – in the following specialties: [[endocrinology]], [[neurology]]/[[neurosurgery]]; [[gynecology]]; cancer; [[kidney disease]]; [[ophthalmology]]; respiratory disorders; [[rheumatology]]; [[urology]]; digestive disorders; [[otolaryngology|ear, nose, and throat]]; [[psychiatry]]; [[cardiology|heart]] and [[heart surgery]]; and [[pediatrics]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usnews.com/usnews/health/best-hospitals/tophosp.htm |title=''US News and World Report'' rankings of best hospitals |publisher=Usnews.com |accessdate=April 26, 2012}}</ref>

In ''San Francisco Magazine's'' 2003 survey of the "Best Doctors" in the Bay Area, 55 percent of those honored were UCSF faculty.

====UCSF Radiology and BioMedical Imaging Center====
UCSF Radiology research programs were ranked second in 2009 in America. The Radiology department is spearheaded by Dr Ronald L. Arenson who is an Alexander R. Margulis Distinguished Professor and also a part of Board of directors of RSNA([[Radiological Society of North America]]).

==Distinctions==
[[File:UCSF Fresno Nima1.JPG|thumb|350px|UCSF Fresno]]
*First to discover that normal cellular genes can be converted to cancer genes (Nobel Prize in Medicine, J. Michael Bishop and Harold Varmus, 1989)
*First to discover (together with Stanford) the techniques of recombinant DNA, the seminal step in the creation of the biotechnology industry
*First to discover the precise recombinant DNA techniques that led to the creation of a hepatitis B vaccine
*First to perform a successful in-utero [[fetal surgery]] ([[Michael R. Harrison]])
*First to clone an insulin gene into bacteria, leading to the mass production of recombinant human insulin to treat diabetes
*First to synthesize human growth hormone and clone into bacteria, setting the stage for genetically engineered human growth hormone
*First to develop prenatal tests for [[sickle cell anemia]] and [[thalassemia]]
*First to train pharmacists as drug therapy specialists
*First to establish special care units for AIDS patients and among the first to identify HIV as the causative agent of the disease
*First to discover [[prion]]s, a unique type of infectious agent responsible for a variety of neurodegenerative diseases (Nobel Prize in Medicine, [[Stanley B. Prusiner]], 1997)
*First to develop catheter ablation therapy for tachycardia, which cures "racing" hearts without surgery
*First university west of the Mississippi to offer a doctoral degree in nursing
*First to discover that missing [[pulmonary surfactant]]s are the culprit in the death of newborns with [[Infant respiratory distress syndrome|respiratory distress syndrome]]; first to develop a synthetic substitute for it, reducing infant death rates significantly
*First to develop an academic hospitalist program (and coined the term "hospitalist") ([[Robert M. Wachter]]); the field is the fastest growing specialty in modern medical history
*With a work force of 18,600 people and annual economic impact of $2 billion, UCSF is San Francisco's second largest employer
*UCSF has its own fully functional police department, which carries out policing duties for its two major campuses as well as all satellite sites within the city and in South San Francisco.
*UCSF is home to the [[Legacy Tobacco Documents Library]], an internationally recognized digital library of previously-secret internal tobacco industry documents. The Legacy Tobacco Documents Library (LTDL) contains more than 11 million documents created by major tobacco companies related to their advertising, manufacturing, marketing, sales, and scientific research activities.

==Noted alumni/faculty==
*[[Shuvo Roy]], Inventor of [[Artificial kidney]]
*[[Andy Baldwin]] – bachelor for the tenth season of ''[[The Bachelor (US TV series)|The Bachelor]]''<ref>[http://www.andybaldwin.com/bio.html Andy Baldwin Biography]{{dead link|date=April 2012}}</ref>
*[[J. Michael Bishop]] – former UCSF Chancellor. [[Nobel Prize|Nobel]] laureate in Medicine (1989), worked to discover the cellular origin of retroviral oncogenes
*[[Elizabeth Blackburn]], professor of biology and physiology at UCSF, [[Nobel Prize|Nobel]] laureate in Medicine (2009), discoverer of the [[ribonucleoprotein]] [[enzyme]], [[telomerase]]. Appointed a member of the [[President's Council on Bioethics]] in 2001 and fired in February 2004, reportedly for her public disagreements and political differences with Council chair [[Leon Kass]] and the Bush Administration, particularly on the issue of [[therapeutic cloning]].
*[[Richard Carmona]] – former [[Surgeon General of the United States]]
*[[Priscilla Chan (physician)|Priscilla Chan]] - pediatrician, spouse of Facebook CEO
*John Clements, first to isolate [[pulmonary surfactant|surfactant]] and to develop it artificially
*[[Haile T. Debas]], former UCSF Chancellor; former Dean, School of Medicine; founding Executive Director, Department of Global Health Sciences
*[[Michael V. Drake]] – [[University of California, Irvine]] Chancellor; former University of California Vice President-Health Affairs
*[[Paul Ekman]], who showed that human emotional expressions were universal and developed the [[Facial Action Coding System]]
*[[Richard Feachem]], founding Executive Director of the [[Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria]] (2002–2007)
*[[Julie Gerberding]] – Director, [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC)
*[[Stanton Glantz]], regarded as the [[Ralph Nader]] of the anti-big-tobacco movement
*[[Michael R. Harrison]] – developed the initial techniques for [[fetal surgery]] and performed the first fetal surgery in 1981, and then went on to establish the [[UCSF Fetal Treatment Center]], which was the first of its kind in the United States.
*[[Julien Hoffman]] – professor emeritus of pediatrics; senior member of the Cardiovascular Research Institute
*[[Dorothy M. Horstmann]] (1911–2001), virologist who made important discoveries about [[polio]].<ref>Altman, Lawrence K. [http://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/21/us/dr-dorothy-horstmann-89-made-strides-in-polio-research.html "Dr. Dorothy Horstmann, 89; Made Strides in Polio Research"], ''[[The New York Times]]'', January 21, 2001. Accessed January 21, 2001.</ref>
*[[David Aaron Kessler|David Kessler]] – former dean of the UCSF School of Medicine and [[Yale University School of Medicine]], and former Commissioner of the [[Food and Drug Administration]] in the Clinton Administration
*[[Peter Kollman]] – developer of the [[AMBER]] [[force field (chemistry)|force field]] in [[molecular dynamics]] simulation and an internationally renowned [[computational chemistry|computational chemist]]
*Herbert Daniel Landahl, PhD, Professor Emeritus of Biophysics and Mathematical Biology-Basic research in mathematical biophysics of the central nervous system, cell division dynamics, population interactions, and control of insulin bioynthesis.
*[[Arthur Lander]], M.D. PhD Developmental biologist at [[University of California, Irvine]]
*Jay Levy, who, along with [[Robert Gallo]] at the [[National Cancer Institute]] and [[Luc Montagnier]] at the [[Pasteur Institute]], was among the first to identify and isolate HIV as the causative agent in AIDS
*[[C. Cameron Macauley]], photographer and film producer
*[[Michael Merzenich]] -Professor emeritus [[neuroscientist]] -Brain plasticity research, Basic and clinical sciences of hearing pioneer- CEO Scientific Learning, Posit Science<ref name="SciLearning">{{cite web
| title = Dr. Michael M. Merzenich
| publisher = Scientific Learning Corporation.
| date = 1997-2009
| url = http://www.scilearn.com/our-approach/our-scientists/merzenich/index.php
| accessdate =January 2, 2009 }}
</ref>
*[[Rita Ng]] – [[Miss California]] 2000, 2nd runner up
*Thomas Novotny, former Assistant [[Surgeon General of the United States|Surgeon General]]
*[[Dean Ornish]], who first established that [[coronary artery disease]] could be reversed with lifestyle changes alone, author of the few bestseller books on the subject of healthy lifestyle choices
*[[William W. Parmley]] - Former Editor of the [[Journal of the American College of Cardiology]] and [[General Authority]] of [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]]
*[[Stanley Prusiner]] – Nobel laureate in Medicine (1997), discovered and described [[prions]]
*[[Steve Schroeder]] – Former CEO, [[Robert Wood Johnson Foundation]]
*[[Hiroko Minami]] - 25th President of International Council of Nurses (ICN)
*Phillip Thygesson - ophthalmologist, trachoma researcher, Thygesson Disease.<ref>http://www.eyemedicalclinic.com/history.php</ref><ref>[http://proctor.ucsf.edu/emailhistory.html ]{{dead link|date=September 2013}}</ref>
*[[Harold Varmus]] – Nobel laureate in Medicine (1989), worked with [[J. Michael Bishop]] to discover the cellular origin of retroviral oncogenes. Also served as director of the [[National Institutes of Health]] during the [[Clinton Administration]], as president of [[Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center]] from 2000 to 2010, and currently as the director of the [[National Cancer Institute]].
*[[Paul Volberding]], whose pioneering work in the early days of the AIDS pandemic was noted in [[Randy Shilts]]' book [[And the Band Played On]]
*[[Robert M. Wachter]], a prominent expert in patient safety, who coined the term hospitalist and is considered the academic leader of the field of [[hospital medicine]].
*[[David A. Wood (pathologist)|David A. Wood]] former head of the Cancer Research Institute and former president of the American Cancer Society.
*Jere E Goyan – former Dean of the School of Pharmacy, former FDA Commissioner (during the Carter Administration)<ref>{{cite web |title = Jere E. Goyan, PhD |url = http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/WhatWeDo/History/Leaders/Commissioners/ucm093734.htm |publisher=U.S. Food and Drug Administration |accessdate =June 30, 2010 }}</ref>
*[[Pablo DT Valenzuela]] – co-founder of the American biotech company Chiron Corporation, the first Chilean biotech company Bios Chile, and of Fundacion Ciencia para la Vida in Santiago Chile.
*[[Shinya Yamanaka]], an investigator at the Gladstone Institutes and a professor of anatomy at UCSF, won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine for his discovery of how to transform ordinary adult skin cells into cells that are capable of developing into any cell in the human body.<ref>{{cite web|author=October 08, 2012 |url=http://www.ucsf.edu/news/2012/10/12898/shinya-yamanaka-wins-2012-nobel-prize-medicine |title=Shinya Yamanaka Wins 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine |publisher=ucsf.edu |date=2012-10-08 |accessdate=2013-09-11}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Dentistry|University}}
*[[American Student Dental Association]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|University of California, San Francisco|UCSF}}
*[http://www.ucsf.edu/ Official website]
*[http://history.library.ucsf.edu/ A History of UCSF]

{{University of California}}
{{San Francisco Colleges}}
{{Coord|37|45|47.95|N|122|27|30.74|W|region:US-CA_type:edu|display=title}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:California, San Francisco, University Of}}
[[Category:University of California|San Francisco]]
[[Category:University of California, San Francisco| ]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1873]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in San Francisco, California]]
[[Category:Schools of medicine in California]]
[[Category:Pharmacy schools in California]]
[[Category:Schools accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges]]

University of California, Los Angeles

2013-11-20T00:43:51Z

Casecrer:

{{Hatnote|"UCLA", "Ucla", and "U.C.L.A." redirect here. For other uses, see [[UCLA (disambiguation)]].}}
{{Infobox university
|name = University of California, Los Angeles
|motto = ''[[Fiat lux]]'' ([[Latin]])
|mottoeng = [[Let there be light]]
|image =[[File:The University of California UCLA.svg|200px|alt=The Seal of the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)]]
|caption = UCLA official seal
|established = 1882/1919 (became the second UC campus)
|calendar = Quarter
|type = [[Public university|Public]]
|endowment = US $2.59 billion <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/_files/report/UC_Annual_Endowment_Report_FY2011-2012.pdf |title=UC Annual Endowment Report, Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012; p.4 |accessdate=2013-01-07 |publisher=Office of the Treasurer of the Regents of the University of California|format=PDF}}</ref>
|staff =26,139
|faculty =4,016<ref name="about">{{cite web |url=http://www.ucla.edu/about.html |title=UCLA Gateway |accessdate=2007-05-16|year=2007 |work=Official site }}</ref>
|chancellor =[[Gene D. Block]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucla.edu/chancellor/ |title=Gene D. Block |accessdate=2007-05-16 |author=UCLA |year=2007 |work=UCLA }}</ref>
|provost =Scott L. Waugh<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucla.edu/administration.html |title=UCLA Administration |accessdate=2007-05-20 |date=Current |work=Official site }}</ref>
|students = 41,812 (2013)<ref name="Enrollment">[http://www.admissions.ucla.edu/campusprofile.htm]</ref>
|undergrad = 28,674 (2013)<ref name="Enrollment"/>
|postgrad = 13,138 (2013)<ref name="Enrollment"/>
|city = [[Los Angeles]]
|state = [[California]]
|country = United States
|coor = {{Coord|34|04|20.00|N|118|26|38.75|W|type:edu_region:US-CA|display=it}}
|campus =[[urban area|Urban]] 419 acres (1.7 km²)<ref name="Campus Facts">{{cite web|url=http://finreports.universityofcalifornia.edu/index.php?file=10-11/pdf/fullreport_1011.pdf |format=PDF |title=UC Financial Reports – Campus Facts in Brief; p.8-9 |year=2010-11 |publisher=University of California |accessdate=November 17, 2012}}</ref>
|former_names = University of California Southern Branch (1919–1927) University of California at Los Angeles (1927–1958)
|colors = {{color box|#536895}} [[UCLA Blue]]<ref name="UCLA Identity">{{cite web|url=http://www.identity.ucla.edu/graphicstandards/UCLAStandardsManual0904.pdf |title=Graphics Standards Manual|date=2004-09-08|accessdate=2008-03-16|publisher=University of California, Los Angeles|format=PDF}}</ref> {{color box|#FFB300}} [[UCLA Gold]]<ref name="UCLA Identity" />
|nickname = [[UCLA Bruins]]
|mascot = Joe & Josephine Bruin <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.english.ucla.edu/ucla1960s/6263/bear.htm |title=Bruin Bear |accessdate=2007-05-20 |author=Ho, Melanie |year=2005 |work=UCLA English department |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070219034235/http://www.english.ucla.edu/ucla1960s/6263/bear.htm |archivedate = February 19, 2007}}</ref>
|athletics = 22 Varsity Teams [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] [[Division I (NCAA)|Division I]] [[Pacific-12]]
|nobel_laureates = [[Nobel Prize laureates by university affiliation|10]]
|free_label = [[Nobel Laureates]]
|free = 13<ref name="Nobel">{{cite web|url=http://nobel.universityofcalifornia.edu/list.html |title=University of California Nobel Laureates |accessdate=13 May 2013 |publisher=[[University of California]]}}</ref>
|affiliations = [[Association of American Universities|AAU]] [[Association of Pacific Rim Universities|Pacific Rim]] [[Pacific-12 Conference|Pacific-12]] [[University of California]]
|free_label = Newspaper
|free = ''[[Daily Bruin]]''
|website =[http://www.ucla.edu ucla.edu]
|logo =[[File:UCLA Logo.svg|200px]]
|footnotes = UCLA official logo
}}
The '''University of California, Los Angeles''' ('''UCLA''') is a [[public university|public]] [[research]] university located in the [[Westwood, Los Angeles|Westwood]] neighborhood of [[Los Angeles, California]], United States. It is the second-oldest of the general-education campuses of the [[University of California]] system.<ref name=admission>{{cite web|url=http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2008/fall_2008_admissions_table_5.pdf |title=Fall 2008 Admissions Table|format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2012-10-14}}</ref> UCLA is one of the two flagship universities in the UC system (alongside the oldest UC campus at [[University of California, Berkeley|Berkeley]]).<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1996-03-21/news/mn-49655_1_ucla-officials/5|title=UCLA Eased Entry Rules for the Rich, Well-Connected|accessdate=2011-05-27 |work=Los Angeles Times|quote="The controversy over private admissions preferences strikes at the heart of the dilemma over how to allocate limited slots for undergraduates. At Berkeley, the flagship campus, and UCLA the competition is particularly acute, and admissions officers must turn away thousands of qualified applicants each year."|first1=Ralph|last1=Frammolino|first2=Mark|last2=Gladstone|first3=Henry|last3=Weinstein|date=1996-03-21}}</ref><ref name="UCLA Campus Profile">{{cite news |url= http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-uc-tuition-20110509,0,5070335.story |title=University of California weighs varying tuitions at its 10 campuses |accessdate=2011-05-17 |work=L.A. Times|quote=In contrast, UC has UC Berkeley and UCLA, both often considered flagships, and several other campuses with high national rankings, he and other analysts said |first=Larry |last=Gordon |date=2011-05-09}}</ref><ref name="Los Angeles Times">{{cite news |url=http://articles.latimes.com/2007/dec/11/nation/na-harvard11|title=THE NATION; Higher-earning families to get a break at Harvard; Tuition will be slashed to 10% of income for those making $180,000 a year or less, making it cheaper than UCLA|accessdate=2011-05-20 |work=Los Angeles Times|quote="That means any student that comes from such a family will pay less to attend Harvard than most flagship public universities, including UCLA"|first=Jason|last=Song|date=2007-12-11}}</ref><ref name="Los Angeles Magazine">{{cite web |url=http://books.google.com.ph/books?id=010EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA62&dq=Flagship+UC+Campuses&hl=tl&ei=66beTeqiGYiIuAOx3ty9BQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Flagship%20UC%20Campuses&f=false|title= How To Get Into the Nations Most Celebrated Colleges|accessdate=2011-05-25 |year=2005|work=Los Angeles Magazine|quote="The Ivy League Schools and their ilk (Stanford) and the flagship UC campuses dominate their lists...and a few other less competitive UC Campuses (San Diego, Santa Barbara, Irvine) as fall-backs." }}</ref> The university was founded in 1919 as the second campus of the [[University of California]] system. It offers 337 undergraduate and graduate degree programs in a wide range of disciplines.<ref name="newsroom.ucla.edu">Vazquez, Ricardo. (2013-01-18) [http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/ucla-sets-new-undergraduate-applications-242778.aspx UCLA sets new undergraduate applications record / UCLA Newsroom]. Newsroom.ucla.edu. Retrieved on 2013-07-14.</ref> With an approximate enrollment of 28,000 undergraduate and 12,000 graduate students, UCLA is the university with the largest enrollment in the state of California<ref>{{cite web|url=http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/ucla-admits-more-than-15-000-seniors-232101.aspx |title=UCLA admits more than 15,000 students for Fall 2012 freshman class|publisher= Daily Bruin}}</ref> and the most applied to university in the World with over 100,000 applications for fall 2013.<ref>{{cite web|last=Bartlett |first=Lauren |url=http://www.newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/UCLA-Remains-the-Country-s-Most-7664.aspx |title=UCLA Remains the Country’s Most Popular University with More Than 50,000 High School Seniors Applying for Fall / UCLA Newsroom |publisher=Newsroom.ucla.edu |date=2007-01-24 |accessdate=2012-10-14}}</ref> The university has been labeled one of the [[Public Ivies]], a publicly funded university considered as providing a quality of education comparable to those of the [[Ivy League]].

The university is organized into five undergraduate colleges, seven professional schools, and four professional health science schools. The undergraduate colleges are the College of Letters and Science; Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science; School of the Arts and Architecture; School of Theater, Film, and Television; and School of Nursing. Fifteen<ref name="NobelFaculty"/><ref name="NobelAlumni"/> [[Nobel]] laureates, one [[Fields Medal]]ist,<ref name="Terence Tao, 'Mozart of Math,' wins Fields Medal, called 'Nobel Prize in math'">{{cite web|url=http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2006-08/uoc--tt082206.php |title=Terence Tao, 'Mozart of Math,' wins Fields Medal, called 'Nobel Prize in math'|publisher=EurekAlert |year=2012 |accessdate=2012-04-20}}</ref> and two [[Turing Award]] winners<ref name="Professor Judea Pearl receives Alan Turing award for work on artificial intelligence">{{cite web|url=http://www.dailybruin.com/index.php/article/2012/04/professor_judea_pearl_receives_alan_turing_award_for_work_on_artificial_intelligence |title=Professor Judea Pearl receives Alan Turing award for work on artificial intelligence|publisher=Daily Bruin |year=2012 |accessdate=2012-04-20}}</ref> have been affiliated with the university as faculty, researchers, or alumni. Among the current faculty members, 51 have been elected to the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]], 22 to the [[National Academy of Engineering]], 37 to the [[Institute of Medicine]], and 120 to the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]].<ref name="UCLA Research Facts">{{cite web|url=http://www.ovcr.ucla.edu/uploads/file/UCLA%20Research%20Fact%20Sheet%202009.pdf |title=UCLA Research Facts|publisher=Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research |year=2006–2007 |accessdate=2009-11-14}}</ref> The university was elected to the [[Association of American Universities]] in 1974.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aau.edu/about/article.aspx?id=5476 |title=Member Institutions and Years of Admission |publisher= Association of American Universities}}</ref>

UCLA student-athletes compete intercollegiately as the [[UCLA Bruins|Bruins]] in the [[Pacific-12 Conference]]. The Bruins have won 125 national championships, including 109 [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] team championships, leading the nation as the most successful athletic program.<ref name="NCAA Rankings">{{cite web |url=http://web1.ncaa.org/web_files/stats/champs_records_book/summaries/combined.pdf |title=NCAA |accessdate=2009-11-14|work=NCAA }}</ref><ref name="UCLA Champions Made Here">{{cite web |url=http://www.uclabruins.com/trads/no-1-combined-program.html |title=UCLA Champions Made Here |accessdate=2009-11-14|work=UCLA Official Athletic Site }}</ref> UCLA student-athletes have won 250 [[Olympic medals]]: 125 gold, 65 silver and 60 bronze.<ref>{{cite web|title=UCLA Bruins All-Time Olympians|url=http://www.uclabruins.com/sports/olympics/spec-rel/all-time-olympians.html|work=http://www.uclabruins.com|publisher=UCLA|accessdate=8 March 2013}}</ref> The Bruins have competed in every Olympics since 1920 with one exception (1924), and have won a gold medal in every Olympics that the United States has participated in since 1932.<ref name="UCLA Bruins">{{cite web|url=http://www.uclabruins.com/ot/olympic-medalists.html |title=UCLA Bruins}}</ref>

==History==
{{Main|History of the University of California, Los Angeles}}

In March 1881, after heavy lobbying by Los Angeles residents, the [[California State Legislature]] authorized the creation of a southern branch of the [[California State Normal School]] (which later became [[San Jose State University]]) in [[downtown Los Angeles]] to train teachers for the growing population of [[Southern California]]. The State [[Normal School]] at Los Angeles opened on August 29, 1882, on what is now the site of the Central Library of the [[Los Angeles Public Library]] system. The new facility included an [[elementary school]] where teachers-in-training could practice their teaching technique on children. That elementary school is related to the present day version, [[UCLA Lab School]]. In 1887, the school became known as the Los Angeles State Normal School.<ref name="berkeley">{{cite web |url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/UCHistory/general_history/campuses/ucla/overview.html |title=(UC) Los Angeles: Historical Overview |accessdate=2006-06-20 |author=Hamilton, Andrew |date=2004-06-18 |work=University of California History, Digital Archives (from Berkeley) }}</ref>

[[Image:UCLA-old-statenormal-campus.jpg|thumb|left|The Los Angeles branch of [[California State Normal School]], 1881.]]

In 1914, the school moved to a new campus on [[Vermont Avenue]] (now the site of [[Los Angeles City College]]) in [[East Hollywood, Los Angeles|East Hollywood]]. In 1917, UC Regent [[Edward Augustus Dickson]], the only regent representing the Southland at the time, and [[Ernest Carroll Moore]], Director of the Normal School, began working together to lobby the State Legislature to enable the school to become the second [[University of California]] campus, after [[University of California, Berkeley|UC Berkeley]]. They met resistance from UC Berkeley alumni, Northern California members of the state legislature, and [[Benjamin Ide Wheeler]], President of the University of California from 1899 to 1919, who were all vigorously opposed to the idea of a southern campus. However, [[David Prescott Barrows]], the new President of the University of California, did not share Wheeler's objections. On May 23, 1919, the Southern Californians' efforts were rewarded when Governor [[William Stephens|William D. Stephens]] signed Assembly Bill 626 into law, which merged the Los Angeles Normal School with the University of California as the Southern Branch of the University of California. The same legislation added its general undergraduate program, the College of Letters and Science.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.library.ucla.edu/libraries/special/scweb/archives.htm |title=UCLA University Archives |accessdate=2006-06-20 |date=2007-01-20 |work=UCLA Library |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060615035434/http://www.library.ucla.edu/libraries/special/scweb/archives.htm  |archivedate = 2006-06-15}}</ref> The Southern Branch campus opened on September 15 of that year, offering two-year undergraduate programs to 250 Letters and Science students and 1,250 students in the Teachers College, under Moore's continued direction.

[[Image:UCLA-vermontcampus-1922.jpg|thumb|right|University of California, Southern Branch's Vermont Campus, 1922.]]

Under University of California President [[William Wallace Campbell]], enrollment at the Southern Branch expanded so rapidly that by the mid-1920s the institution was outgrowing the 25 [[acre]] Vermont Avenue location. The Regents conducted a search for a new location and announced their selection of the so-called "Beverly Site"—just west of [[Beverly Hills, California|Beverly Hills]]—on March 21, 1925 edging out the panoramic hills of the still-empty Palos Verdes Peninsula. After the athletic teams entered the Pacific Coast conference in 1926, the Southern Branch student council adopted the nickname "Bruins," a name offered by the student council at UC Berkeley.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ulwaf.com/Daily-Bruin-History/03_Birth.html |title=The Daily Bruin Is Born |accessdate=2006-07-03 |author=Garrigues, George |year=2001 |work=Loud Bark and Curious Eyes, A History of the UCLA Daily Bruin, 1919–1955 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060528022042/http://ulwaf.com/Daily-Bruin-History/03_Birth.html |archivedate = May 28, 2006}}</ref> In 1927, the Regents renamed the Southern Branch the "University of California at Los Angeles" (the word "at" was officially replaced by a [[comma]] in 1958, in line with other UC campuses). In the same year, the state broke ground in [[Westwood, Los Angeles, California|Westwood]] on land sold for $1 million, less than one-third its value, by real estate developers [[Janss Investment Company|Edwin and Harold Janss]], for whom the Janss Steps are named.<ref name="berkeley" />

The original four buildings were the College Library, [[Royce Hall]], the Physics-Biology Building, and the Chemistry Building (now [[Powell Library]], Royce Hall, the Humanities Building, and Haines Hall, respectively), arrayed around a quadrangular courtyard on the 400 acre (1.6 km²) campus. The first undergraduate classes on the new campus were held in 1929 with 5,500 students. In 1933, after further lobbying by alumni, faculty, administration and community leaders, UCLA was permitted to award the [[master's degree]], and in 1936, the [[doctorate]], against continued resistance from UC Berkeley.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://alumni.ucla.edu/alumni-association/history/default.aspx |title=History: The Beginning | accessdate=2013-04-04 |author=UCLA Alumni |year=2012 |work=UCLA Alumni }}</ref>

A timeline of the history can be found on its website,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uclahistoryproject.ucla.edu/Timeline/ |title=Welcome |publisher=Uclahistoryproject.ucla.edu |date=1997-06-30 |accessdate=2012-07-14}}</ref> as well as a published book.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uclahistoryproject.ucla.edu/Book/default.asp |title=The Book |publisher=Uclahistoryproject.ucla.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-07-14}}</ref>

===Maturity as a university===
UCLA was formally elevated to co-equal status with UC Berkeley in 1951, when Raymond B. Allen was named as its first chancellor. Previously, the school's chief executive had been the provost. The appointment of [[Franklin David Murphy]] to the position of Chancellor in 1960 helped to spark an era of tremendous growth of facilities and faculty honors. By the end of the decade, UCLA had achieved distinction in a wide range of subjects. This era also secured UCLA's position as a proper university in its own right and not simply a branch of the UC system. This change is exemplified by an incident involving Chancellor Murphy, which was described by him later on:

<blockquote>"I picked up the telephone and called in from somewhere, and the phone operator said, 'University of California.' And I said, 'Is this Berkeley?' She said, 'No.' I said, 'Well, who have I gotten to?' 'UCLA.' I said, 'Why didn't you say UCLA?' 'Oh,' she said, 'we're instructed to say University of California.' So the next morning I went to the office and wrote a memo; I said, 'Will you please instruct the operators, as of noon today, when they answer the phone to say, "UCLA."' And they said, 'You know they won't like it at Berkeley.' And I said, 'Well, let's just see. There are a few things maybe we can do around here without getting their permission.'" <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.today.ucla.edu/1999/991109caught.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060901112349/http://www.today.ucla.edu/1999/991109caught.html |archivedate=2006-09-01 |title=Caught on Tape: Voices from UCLA's Past |accessdate=2008-01-25 |author=Ko, Amy |year=1999 |work=UCLA Today }}</ref></blockquote>
[[Image:220px-UCLA Bruin.jpg|left|thumb|The Bruin statue, designed by Billy Fitzgerald, in Bruin Plaza.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.publicartinla.com/UCLAArt/bruin_bear.html|title=Billy Fitzgerald, The Bruin}}</ref>]]
In 2006, the university completed Campaign UCLA, which collected over $3.05 billion and is the second most successful fundraising campaign among public universities.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.michigandaily.com/content/2009-04-16/tough-times-u-pushes-forward-fundraising-efforts |title=In tough times, 'U' pushes forward with fundraising efforts |accessdate=2009-11-15 |author=Kyle Swanson |year=2009 |work=The Michigan Daily }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.michigandaily.com/content/na/32-billion-michigan-difference-total-announced |title=$3.2 billion Michigan Difference total announced |accessdate=2009-11-15 |author=Lindy Stevens |year=2009 |work=The Michigan Daily }}</ref> In 2008, UCLA raised over $456 million, ranking the institution among the top 10 universities in the United States in total fundraising for the year.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newsroom.ucla.edu/page.asp?RelNum=6819 |title=UCLA Raises More Than $3 Billion ... Research Universities |accessdate=2007-05-18 |author=Hampton, Phil |year=2006 |work=UCLA News }}</ref>

On January 26, 2011, Meyer and Renee Luskin donated $100 million to UCLA.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/local-business-leader-donates-191259.aspx |title=Local business leader donates $100 million to transform UCLA's role in civic participation, education of future public leaders |accessdate=2011-02-14 |author=Hampton, Phil |year=2011 |work=UCLA News }}</ref> On February 14, 2011, UCLA received a $200 million donation gift by The Lincy Foundation in order to establish The Dream Fund, which is "a community-based fund devoted to the support of medical research and academic programs at UCLA."<ref>{{cite web | url=http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/ucla-and-private-foundation-partner-192057.aspx |title=UCLA receives $200 million gift to create unique philanthropic fund |accessdate=2011-02-14 |author=Hampton, Phil |year=2011 |work=UCLA News }}</ref>

==Campus==
When UCLA opened its new campus in 1929, it had four buildings - Royce Hall and Haines Hall on the north, and Powell Library and Kinsey Hall (now the Humanities Building) on the south. The Janss steps were the original 87-step entrance to the university that lead directly to the quad of these four buildings. Today, the campus includes 163 buildings across 419 acres (1.7 km²) in the western part of [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]], north of the [[Westwood, Los Angeles, California|Westwood]] shopping district and just south of [[Sunset Boulevard]]. In terms of acreage, it is the second smallest of the ten UC campuses.<ref name="Campus Facts"/> The campus is close but not adjacent to the 405 [[Interstate 405 (California)|San Diego Freeway]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mapquest.com/maps/map.adp?latlongtype=internal&addtohistory=&latitude=%2fujp23Q4CoQyaX7fYDsWRA%3d%3d&longitude=8%2fGfpeQs3DIJqAXMypI90g%3d%3d&name=UNIVERSITY%20of%20California&country=US&address=405%20Hilgard%20Ave&city=Los%20Angeles&state=CA&zipcode=90095&phone=310%2d825%2d4321&spurl=0&&q=UCLA&qc=Colleges%20%26%20Universities |title=Map of UNIVERSITY of California |accessdate=2007-05-29 |date=Current |work=Mapquest }}</ref>

The campus includes sculpture gardens, fountains, museums, and a mix of architectural styles. It is located in the residential area of [[Westwood, Los Angeles, California|Westwood]] and bordered by [[Bel-Air, Los Angeles, California|Bel-Air]], [[Beverly Hills, California|Beverly Hills]], and [[Brentwood, Los Angeles, California|Brentwood]]. The campus is informally divided into North Campus and South Campus, which are both on the eastern half of the university's land. North Campus is the original campus core; its buildings are more old-fashioned in appearance and clad in imported Italian brick. North Campus is home to the arts, humanities, social sciences, law, and business programs and is centered around ficus and sycamore-lined Dickson Court, also known as the "Sunken Garden." South Campus is home to the physical sciences, life sciences, engineering, psychology, mathematical sciences, health-related fields, and the [[UCLA Medical Center]].

[[Image:Janss Steps, Royce Hall in background, UCLA.jpg|thumb|Janss Steps, in front of Royce Hall]]

Ackerman Union, the [[John Wooden]] Center, the [[Arthur Ashe]] Health and Wellness Center, the Student Activities Center, Kerckhoff Hall, the J.D. Morgan Center, the James West Alumni Center, and [[Pauley Pavilion]] stand at the center of the campus, bordering Wilson Plaza. Bruin Walk, a heavily traveled pathway from the residential hill to the main campus, bisects the campus.

In Wilson Plaza, the Bruin bear serves as a landmark of the UCLA campus that people from all around the world come to take pictures with.

===Architecture===
The first campus buildings were designed by the local firm [[Allison & Allison]]. The [[Romanesque Revival architecture|Romanesque Revival]] style of these first four structures remained the predominant building style on campus until the 1950s, when architect [[Welton Becket]] was hired to supervise the expansion of the campus over the next two decades. Becket greatly streamlined the
general appearance of the campus, adding several rows of [[Minimalism|minimalist]], slab–shaped brick buildings to the southern half of the campus, the largest of these being the [[UCLA Medical Center]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.emporis.com/en/cd/cm/?id=weltonbecketandassociates-losangeles-ca-usa |title=Welton Becket and Associates |accessdate=2007-05-29 |year=2007 |work=Emporis Buildings }}</ref> Architects such as [[A. Quincy Jones]], [[William Pereira]] and [[Paul Williams (architect)|Paul Williams]] designed many subsequent structures on the campus during the mid-20th century. More recent additions include buildings designed by architects [[I.M. Pei]], [[Venturi, Scott Brown and Associates]], [[Richard Meier]], [[Cesar Pelli]], and [[Rafael Vinoly]]. In order to accommodate UCLA's rapidly growing student population, multiple construction and renovation projects are in progress, including expansions of the life sciences and engineering research complexes. This continuous construction gives UCLA the on-campus nickname of "Under Construction Like Always."<ref name="construction">{{cite web |url=http://www.today.ucla.edu/2004/041012closeup_senseofplace.html |title=A 'sense of place' from the old and new |accessdate=2007-05-29 |author=Lee, Cynthia |date=2004-10-12 |work=UCLA Today |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070128014442/http://www.today.ucla.edu/2004/041012closeup_senseofplace.html |archivedate = January 28, 2007}}</ref>

[[File:Royce Hall post rain.jpg|thumb|left|[[Royce Hall]], one of the original four buildings, inspired by [[Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio]]]]

The tallest building on campus is named after African-American alumnus [[Ralph Bunche]], who received the 1950 [[Nobel Peace Prize]] for negotiating an armistice agreement between the Jews and Arabs in Israel. A bust of him, on the entrance to Bunche Hall, overlooks the [[Franklin D. Murphy]] Sculpture Garden. He was the first individual of non-European background and the first UCLA alumnus to be honored with the Prize.

The [[Hannah Carter Japanese Garden]] is located a mile from campus, in the community of [[Bel Air, Los Angeles|Bel Air]]. The garden was designed by landscape architect [[Nagao Sakurai]] of Tokyo and garden designer [[Kazuo Nakamura]] of Kyoto in 1959. After the garden was damaged by heavy rains in 1969, UCLA Professor of Art and Campus Architect Koichi Kawana took on the task of its reconstruction.

=== Filming ===
With a location near [[Hollywood]] and a world-famous film and television school, the UCLA campus has attracted filming for decades. Much of the 1985 film ''[[Gotcha! (1985 film)|Gotcha!]]'' was shot at UCLA, as well as [[John Singleton]]'s ''[[Higher Learning]]'' (1995). ''[[Legally Blonde]]'' (2001), ''[[Old School (film)|Old School]]'' (2003), ''[[The Nutty Professor]]'' (1995), ''[[Erin Brockovich]]'' (2000), ''[[How High]]'' (2001), ''[[National Lampoon's Van Wilder]]'' (2002), ''[[American Pie 2]]'' (2001), and ''[[Bring It On Again]]'' (2004) were all mainly shot at the university campus or locale. In January 2009, the [[Bollywood]] movie ''[[My Name is Khan]]'' was shot at UCLA. Some of the exterior shots of the fictional UC Sunnydale in ''[[Buffy the Vampire Slayer (TV series)|Buffy the Vampire Slayer]]'', and ABC Family original series [[Greek (TV series)|Greek]] were also filmed at UCLA. In response to the major demand for filming, UCLA instated a policy on filming and professional photography at the campus.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.adminvc.ucla.edu/appm/public/app_0863_0.html |title=UCLA Policy 863: Filming and Photography on Campus |accessdate=2007-05-21 |date=2004-01-23 |author=Morabito, Sam |work=UCLA Administrative Policies & Procedures Manual |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060901090414/http://www.adminvc.ucla.edu/appm/public/app_0863_0.html |archivedate = September 1, 2006}}</ref>
"UCLA is located in Los Angeles, the same place as the American motion picture industry," said UCLA visiting professor of film and television Jonathan Kuntz.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tft.ucla.edu/faculty/facftv/index.cfm?action=showbio&alias=jkuntz&pagetype=blank |title=Jonathan Kuntz – Visiting Associate Professor |accessdate=2007-05-21 |year=2007 |work=UCLA School of Theater, Film, and Television }}</ref> "So we're convenient for (almost) all of the movie companies, TV production companies, commercial companies and so on. We're right where the action is."

[[Image:California Nanosystems Institute, interior walkways, UCLA.jpg|thumb|left|[[California NanoSystems Institute]] interior walkways built over a parking structure.]]

=== Transportation and parking ===
The campus maintains 24,000 parking spaces and operates an award-winning sustainable transportation program.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/sustainability/documents/update_la.pdf |title=UCLA Transportation: An Overview |accessdate=2010-08-09 |author=Fortier, Renee A.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.sustain.ucla.edu/news/article.asp?parentid=840 |title =UCLA's Sustainble Transportation Efforts |accessdate=2010-08-09 |author=UCLA Sustainability}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.metro.net/news/simple_pr/ucla-first-major-university-l-county-go-metro-metr/ |title=UCLA First Major University in L.A. County to "Go Metro" with Metro Discounted Transit Pass Program |accessdate=2010-08-09 |author=Los Angeles Metropolitan Transportation Authority}}</ref> Elements of the sustainable transportation program include vanpools, a campus shuttle system called [http://www.bruinbus.ucla.edu BruinBus], discounted carpool permits, and subsidized transit passes. One of the pass programs includes BruinGo!,<ref>{{cite web|title=BruinGo - Transportation|url=http://www.sustain.ucla.edu/handbook/article.asp?parentid=2895|publisher=UCLA Sustainability|accessdate=8 November 2012}}</ref> which allows students and staff members to purchase discounted one-way or quarterly passes to ride [[Santa Monica, California|Santa Monica]]'s [[Big Blue Bus]] and Culver City's [[Culver CityBus]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.today.ucla.edu/2002/020507bruingo.html |title=Why BruinGO should stay |accessdate=2007-05-22 |author=Dukakis, Michael and Shoup, Donald |year=2002 |work=UCLA Today |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060901111332/http://www.today.ucla.edu/2002/020507bruingo.html |archivedate = September 1, 2006}}</ref>

==Academics==

===Healthcare===
[[Image:Medcenter.jpg|thumb|right|UCLA Medical Plaza, near the main entrance to the campus]]
The [[David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA|David Geffen School of Medicine]], along with the [[UCLA School of Nursing|School of Nursing]], [[UCLA School of Dentistry|School of Dentistry]], and [[UCLA School of Public Health|Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health]], constitute the professional schools of health science. The [[California Nanosystems Institute|California NanoSystems Institute]] is another project that was created out of a partnership with [[University of California, Santa Barbara|UCSB]] to pioneer innovations in the field of [[nanotechnology]].<ref name="construction" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cnsi.ucla.edu/staticpages/about-us |title=About CNSI |accessdate=2007-05-21 |year=2006 |work=California NanoSystems Institute }}</ref>

The [[Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center]] is a part of a larger healthcare system, UCLA Health System, which also operates a hospital in [[Santa Monica, California|Santa Monica]] and twelve primary care clinics throughout [[Los Angeles County]]. In addition, the UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine uses two [[Los Angeles County]] public hospitals as teaching hospitals—[[Harbor-UCLA Medical Center]] and [[Olive View-UCLA Medical Center]]—as well as the largest private nonprofit hospital on the west coast, [[Cedars-Sinai Medical Center]].
In 1981, the UCLA Medical Center made history when an assistant professor named Michael Gottlieb first diagnosed an unknown affliction later to be called [[AIDS]]. UCLA medical researchers also pioneered the use of PET scanning to study brain function. The signaling cascade of [[nitric oxide]], one of the most important molecules in cardiopulmonary physiology was discovered in part by the medical school's Professor of Pharmacology Louis J. Ignarro. For this, he was awarded the 1998 [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] along with two other researchers – Robert F. Furchgott of the SUNY Health Science Center and Ferid Murad of the University of Texas Medical School at Houston.

In the 2012 edition of ''[[U.S. News and World Report]]'', UCLA Medical Center was ranked "Best in the West", as well as one of the top five hospitals in the United States. In 14 of the 16 medical specialty areas examined, UCLA Medical Center ranked in the top 20.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uclahealth.org/body.cfm?id=18 |title=Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center rated one of top hospitals in the U.S. |accessdate=2013-01-06 |year=2012 |work=UCLA Health System}}</ref>

===Rankings===
{{Infobox US university ranking
| ARWU_W = 12
| ARWU_N =10
| BW =
| EC =
| FT =
| GUR =
| THES_W = 12
| THES_N = 9
| USNWR_NU = 23
| CGC_NU =
| Wamo_NU = 6
| WSJ =14
| Forbes = 34
| QS_W = 40
| URAP =
}}

====Global rankings====
In 2013–2014, UCLA ranked 12th in academics and 8th for reputation in the ''[[Times Higher Education World University Rankings]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/2013-14/world-ranking |title=The World University Rankings |year=2013 |work=''Times Higher Education World University Rankings'' 2013–2014 |publisher=TSL Education Ltd. |accessdate=2013-10-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/2013/reputation-ranking |title=Top Universities by Reputation 2013 |year=2013 |work=''Times Higher Education World University Rankings'' 2013–2014 |publisher=TSL Education Ltd. |accessdate=2013-10-03}}</ref> In 2013, UCLA was ranked 40th in the ''[[QS World University Rankings]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2013 |title=''QS World University Rankings'' |publisher=QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited |accessdate=2013-10-03}}</ref> 12th in the world (10th in North America) by the [[Academic Ranking of World Universities]]<ref name="Academic Ranking of World Universities - 2012">{{cite web |url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/ARWU2012.html |title=Academic Ranking of World Universities - 2012 |accessdate=2013-01-02}}</ref> and 23rd in the world (13th in North America) in ''[[Financial Times]]''' Global [[MBA]] Rankings.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rankings.ft.com/businessschoolrankings/global-mba-ranking-2013 |title=Business school rankings from the Financial Times – Global MBA Rankings 2013 |publisher=Rankings.ft.com |date= |accessdate=2013-02-02}}</ref> [[Human Resources & Labor Review]], a national human competitiveness index & analysis, ranked the university 14th in the world in 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.chasecareer.net/news_detail.php?id=61 |title= Hrlr 300 best world universities 2012 |publisher= ChaseCareer Network}}</ref>

====National rankings====
The 2014 annual ranking by ''[[U.S. News & World Report]]'' ranked UCLA second among public universities (tied with [[University of Virginia|UVA]]) and 23rd among national universities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/rankings/national-universities/page+3 | title=National University Rankings |publisher=''U.S. News & World Report'' |accessdate=2013-01-26}}</ref> ''[[The Washington Monthly]]'' ranked UCLA 6th nationally among national universities in 2012, with criteria based on research, community service, and social mobility.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/college_guide/rankings_2012/national_university_rank.php |title=National Universities|accessdate=2013-01-19|year=2012|publisher=The Washington Monthly}}</ref> In 2013 ''[[Kiplinger]]'' ranked UCLA 6th out of the top 100 best-value public colleges and universities in the nation, and 1st in California.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.kiplinger.com/tool/college/T014-S001-kiplinger-s-best-values-in-public-colleges/index.php |work=[[Kiplinger's Personal Finance|Kiplinger]] |title=Kiplinger's Best Values in Public Colleges |date=2013-01-15}}</ref> UCLA was ranked third among national research universities by the [[Center for Measuring University Performance]] in 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mup.asu.edu/research2011.pdf |format=PDF|title=The Top American Research Universities: 2011 Annual Report |page=24 |year=2011 |accessdate=2013-01-26}}</ref> ''The Princeton Review'' listed UCLA as a "Dream School" selected by both students and parents in 2010. It was also the only public university in the ranking.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.princetonreview.com/uploadedFiles/Test_Preparation/Hopes_and_Worries/HopeAndWorries_Full%20Report.pdf |title=Princeton Review's 2010 College Hopes & Worry Survey |publisher=PR Newswire |date=2010-08-17}}</ref> UCLA took the 8th spot among all universities for research spending in the sciences and engineering during the fiscal year 2011, according to a 2012 report by the [[National Science Foundation]]—UCLA spent $982 million.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/infbrief/nsf13305/ |title=Universities Report Highest-Ever R&D Spending of $65 Billion in FY 2011 |accessdate=2013-01-06 |author=Britt, Ronda |date=2012-11 |work=National Science Foundation }}</ref>

====Graduate and professional schools====
UCLA's oldest operating unit, the [[UCLA Graduate School of Education and Information Studies|Graduate School of Education and Information Studies]] (GSEIS), was ranked 6th among American graduate schools of education in the 2013 edition of ''U.S. News & World Report'''s "America's Best Graduate Schools".<ref name="USNWR">{{cite web |url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/university-of-california-los-angeles-110662/overall-rankings |title=America's Best Graduate Schools 2013 |accessdate=2013-01-23 |year=2013 |publisher=''U.S. News & World Report''}}</ref> Other 2013 ''U.S. News & World Report'' school rankings include the [[UCLA Anderson School of Management|Anderson School of Management]] at #15, the [[David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA|David Geffen School of Medicine]] at #10 for Primary Care and #13 for Research, the [[UCLA School of Law|School of Law]] at #15, and the [[UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science|Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science]] at #16; departmental rankings included Clinical Psychology #1, Psychology #3, Fine Arts #4, Geography #4,<ref>{{cite web|title=World's Best Universities: Geography and Area Studies|url=http://www.usnews.com/education/worlds-best-universities-rankings/best-universities-geography-and-area-studies|publisher=U.S. News and World Report|accessdate=19 June 2013|year=2011}}</ref> Mathematics #8, History #9, Sociology #9, English #10, and Public Health #10.<ref name="USNWR"/> In 2011 ''U.S. News & World Report'' ranked the [[UCLA School of Nursing|School of Nursing]] #21.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-health-schools/nursing-rankings/page+2 |title=America's Best Graduate Schools - Nursing |accessdate=2013-01-27 |year=2011 |publisher=''U.S. News & World Report''}}</ref> In 2009, the UCLA School of Theater, Film, and Television was ranked third nationally by ''U.S. News & World Report'',{{citation needed|date=January 2013}} and the School of Architecture placed second in the country according to The Key Centre for Architectural Sociology.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}

===Library system===
{{Main|University of California, Los Angeles Library}}
[[Image:Powell Library.JPG|thumb|right|Powell Library, across the quad from Royce Hall]]
UCLA's library system has over eight million books and 70,000 serials spread over twelve libraries and eleven other archives, reading rooms, and research centers. It is the nation's 14th largest library in number of volumes.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ala.org/ala/professionalresources/libfactsheets/alalibraryfactsheet22.cfm |title=The Nation's Largest Libraries |accessdate=2010-07-04 |year=2010 |work=American Library Association }}</ref>

The first library, University Library (presently [[Powell Library]]), was founded in 1884. In 1910, Elizabeth Fargo became the university's first librarian. [[Lawrence Clark Powell|Lawrence Powell]] became librarian in 1944, and began a series of system overhauls and modifications, and in 1959, he was named Dean of the School of Library Service.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.library.ucla.edu/special/scweb/lcpintro.htm |title=A Tribute to Lawrence Clark Powell |accessdate=2006-12-13 |year=2006 |work=UCLA Library |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20051217020308/http://www.library.ucla.edu/special/scweb/lcpintro.htm |archivedate = December 17, 2005}}</ref> More libraries were added as previous ones filled. Page Ackerman became University Librarian in 1973, and was the nation's first female librarian of a system as large as UCLA's. She oversaw the first coordinations between other UC schools, and formed a new administrative network that is still in use today.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://newsroom.ucla.edu/page.asp?RelNum=6884 |title=Obituary: Page Ackerman, Former UCLA University Librarian |accessdate=2006-12-13 |author=Setzer, Dawn |date=2006-03-09 |work=UCLA News }}</ref> Since her retirement, the system has seen steady growth and improvement under various Librarians. The present University Librarian is Virginia Steel, who took office on July 15, 2013.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.library.ucla.edu/about/university-librarian |title=University Librarian Virginia Steel |accessdate=2013-11-02 |year=2013 |work=UCLA Library }}</ref>

== Admissions ==

=== Undergraduate ===
<div style="float:left;">
<big>'''Freshman statistics'''</big><ref name="newsroom.ucla.edu"/><ref name="admit">{{cite web |url=http://www.admissions.ucla.edu/Prospect/Adm_fr/Frosh_Prof11.htm |title=Profile of Admitted Freshmen Fall 2011 |accessdate=2011-04-01 |date=2011-04-01 |work=Official site }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Vazquez |first=Ricardo |url=http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/ucla-receives-record-number-of-221695.aspx |title=UCLA receives record number of applications from increasingly diverse student pool|work=UCLA Newsroom |date=2012-01-12 |accessdate=2012-07-14}}</ref><ref>[http://www.aim.ucla.edu/admissions/admissions_GPA_FR.asp ]{{dead link|date=July 2013}}</ref><ref>[http://www.aim.ucla.edu/admissions/admissions_history.asp ]{{dead link|date=July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.admissions.ucla.edu/Prospect/Adm_fr/Frosh_Prof12.htm|title=Profile of Admitted Freshmen Fall 2012|accessdate=2012-11-17|work=Official UCLA admissions site}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Vazquez |first=Ricardo |url=http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/ucla-admits-more-than-16-000-exceptional-245294.aspx |title=UCLA admits more than 16,000 exceptional students for its fall 2013 freshman class|work=UCLA Newsroom |date=2013-04-18 |accessdate=2013-04-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.admissions.ucla.edu/Prospect/Adm_fr/Frosh_Prof13.htm|title=Profile of Admitted Freshmen, Fall 2013|accessdate=2013-11-14|work=Official UCLA admissions site}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!   !! 2013 !! 2012 !! 2011 !! 2010 !! 2009
|-
! Applicants
| 80,522 || 72,697 || 61,566 || 57,678 || 55,708
|-
! Admits
| 16,448 || 15,982 || 15,689 || 13,088 || 12,179
|-
! Admit rate
| 20.4% || 22.0% || 25.5% || 22.7% || 21.9%
|-
! Enrolled
| 5,701 || 5,621 || 5,825 || 4,636 || 4,472
|-
! Average GPA
| 4.31 || 4.21 || 4.22 || 4.25 || 4.24
|}
''Excluding deferred applications or other unique situations.''
</div>
UCLA is rated "Most Selective" by ''U.S. News & World Report.'' <ref>{{cite web|url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/university-of-california--los-angeles-1315 | title=University of California--Los Angeles |publisher=''U.S. News & World Report'' |accessdate=2013-01-26}}</ref> It received over 100,000 undergraduate applications for Fall 2013.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web | title= Acceptance Table- All New Freshmen | url=http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2011/fall_2011_admissions_table1.pdf |format=PDF| publisher= University of California Office of the President, Student Affairs, UC Central Application Processing file| accessdate=2011-05-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/ucla-sets-new-undergraduate-applications-242778.aspx| title=UCLA sets new undergraduate applications record |publisher="UCLA Newsroom" | accessdate=2013-04-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = freshman admit rates } url=http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2013/fall_2013_admissions_table2.pdf | publisher = University of California Office of the President, Student Affairs, Admissions | accessdate =2013-04-21}}</ref> As of Fall 2013, UCLA is the most selective campus of the University of California system, with an admittance rate of 20.4%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-ucla-freshman-applicants-public-college-20130418,0,4625237.story |title=UCLA receives most freshman applications of any U.S. public college |publisher="Los Angeles Times" |accessdate=2013-04-24}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:400px; float:right; margin:10px"
| '''Ethnic enrollment, 2013'''<ref>{{cite web | title= Enrollment demographics, Fall 2013 | url=http://www.aim.ucla.edu/tables/enrollment_demographics_fall.aspx | publisher=UCLA Office of Analysis and Information Management | accessdate=2013-11-10}}</ref> ||'''Under- graduates''' || '''Graduate students''' || '''Per- centage'''
|-
|Black Non-Hispanic
| 1,082
| 512
| 3.9%
|-
|Asian or Pacific Islander
| 9,965
| 2,613
| 30.8%
|-
|Hispanic
| 5,156
| 1,100
| 15.3%
|-
|American Indian or Alaskan Native
| 159
| 66
| 0.6%
|-
|White Non-Hispanic
| 7,964
| 4,533
| 30.6%
|-
|Unstated, Unknown, Other
| 972
| 804
| 4.4%
|-
|Foreign
| 3,376
| 2,493
| 14.4%
|}
Just over 3,000 transfer students entered UCLA in Fall 2011, with 92.4% from the [[California Community Colleges System]]. Over the past 15 years over 45,000 transfer students have entered UCLA. One-third of baccalaureate degrees are awarded to students who entered UCLA as transfer students. One of the major debates is over the decreased admission of [[African-Americans]] and [[Latinos]], especially since the passage of [[California Proposition 209 (1996)|Proposition 209]], prohibiting racial, sexual, or ethnic discrimination at public institutions, in 1996.<ref>{{cite news |first=David |last=Leonhardt |title=The New Affirmative Action |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/30/magazine/30affirmative-t.html?pagewanted=1&_r=1&ref=magazine | publisher= The New York Times Magazine |date=2007-09-30 |accessdate=2007-09-28 }}</ref> In response to this issue, UCLA decided to shift to a more holistic admissions process starting Fall 2007.<ref>{{cite news |first=Scott |last=Smallwood |title=UCLA Adopts 'Holistic' Model in Admissions to Stem Decline in Minority Enrollment |url=http://chronicle.com/news/article/1061/ucla-adopts-holistic-model-in-admissions-to-stem-decline-in-minority-enrollment |work=The Chronicle of Higher Education |publisher= |date=2006-09-29 |accessdate=2007-05-21 }}</ref>

Admitted freshman applicants for Fall 2013 had an average weighted GPA of 4.40 (3.88 unweighted), an average combined SAT score of 2033 (666 for Critical Reading, 689 for Mathematics, and 679 for Writing) and an average ACT Composite score of 30.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.admissions.ucla.edu/Prospect/Adm_fr/Frosh_Prof13.htm|title=Profile of Admitted Freshmen, Fall 2013|accessdate=2013-11-14|work=Official UCLA admissions site}}</ref>

=== Graduate ===
[[Image:UCLA School of Law library tower 2.jpg|thumb|upright|Hugh and Hazel Darling Law Library, UCLA School of Law]]
In Fall 2010, the [[David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA|David Geffen School of Medicine]] admitted 3.9% of its applicants. In Fall 2011, the [[UCLA School of Law|School of Law]] admitted 20%. In 2012, the [[UCLA Anderson School of Management|Anderson School of Management]] admitted 22.6%.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://poetsandquants.com/2012/03/13/hbs-stanford-tie-for-first-in-u-s-news/2/ |title=2012 U.S. News Ranking of the Best B-Schools |accessdate=2013-01-05 |year=2012 |work=U.S. News & World Report}}</ref>

According to the American Dental Education Association (ADEA) Guide to Dental Schools, 44th Ed., the [[UCLA School of Dentistry]] had more than 1,465 applicants for 88 seats in the entering class of 2006. The average [[Dental Admissions Test]] (DAT) scores for admitted students in the entering class of 2012 were 22 on the academic portion and 21 on the perceptual aptitude portion.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://issuu.com/uclaschoolofdentistry/docs/2011-2012_annual_report?mode=window&backgroundColor=%23222222 |title=UCLA School of Dentistry Annual Report |accessdate=2013-01-15 |year=2012 |work=UCLA School of Dentistry}}</ref> In 1949 the [[Regents of the University of California]] authorized the School of Nursing as one of the professional schools of the UCLA Center for the Health Sciences. The Graduate School of Nursing is ranked by U.S. News and World Report as one of the top graduate nursing schools in the country, and currently has an acceptance rate of 3.9%. The school offers professional degrees in Nurse Practitioner, Clinical Nurse Specialist, and Ph.D. in Nursing.

==Crime==
In 2012, UCLA was rated the most dangerous college campus in the US by ''[[Business Insider]]'' with 921 property crimes, and 49 violent crimes (recorded in the year 2011).<ref>[http://www.businessinsider.com/most-dangerous-colleges-in-america-2012-11?op=1 Most Dangerous Colleges In America]. Business Insider (2012-11-20). Retrieved on 2013-07-14.</ref> UCLA's director of media relations issued a response to this rank stating crime reports are taken both on and off campus, including the multiple [[Los Angeles County]] locations of UCLA medical centers and clinics, suggesting data might be inflated.<ref>[http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/ucla-a-dangerous-campus-don-t-241068.aspx UCLA a dangerous campus? Don't believe it / UCLA Newsroom]. Newsroom.ucla.edu. Retrieved on 2013-07-14.</ref> Other media outlets, such as the [[Los Angeles Times]],<ref>[http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/opinion-la/la-ol-ucla-most-dangerous-20121126,0,7512515.story 'Dangerous UCLA' and other problematic rankings - Los Angeles Times]. Latimes.com (2012-11-26). Retrieved on 2013-07-14.</ref> [[LAist]],<ref>[http://laist.com/2012/11/24/ucla_fires_back_at_report_claiming.php Why UCLA Is Not The "Most Dangerous" College In America]. LAist (2012-11-24). Retrieved on 2013-07-14.</ref> and [[LA Weekly]]<ref>Romero, Dennis. (2012-11-27) [http://blogs.laweekly.com/informer/2012/11/ucla_crime_ranking_number_one_business_insider.php Business Insider Refuses To Retract Ridiculous Claim That UCLA Is Top School For Crime - Los Angeles - News - The Informer]. Blogs.laweekly.com. Retrieved on 2013-07-14.</ref> disputed the ranking.

==Economic impact==
[[Image:UCLA hoodie.jpg|thumb|right|A [[hoodie]] from the UCLA Store]]
The University has a significant impact in the Los Angeles economy. It is the fourth largest employer in the county (after Los Angeles County, the Los Angeles Unified School District and the federal government) and the seventh largest in the region.<ref>[http://www.laalmanac.com/employment/em21e.htm Largest Employers in Los Angeles County]. Compiled by the LA Almanac, Source: California Employment Development Department, ''[[The Los Angeles Business Journal]]'', and Almanac research</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ucla.edu/about/impact/economic-impact-2007/ |title=UCLA — A Smart Investment for the Greater Los Angeles Region ... and Beyond |publisher=Ucla.edu |date= |accessdate=2011-09-11}}</ref>

===Trademarks and licensing===
The UCLA trademark "is the exclusive property of the [[Regents of the University of California]].",<ref>{{cite web|title=UCLA Trademark Use Guidelines|url=http://www.asucla.ucla.edu/licensing/trademarkuse.asp|publisher=Associated Students UCLA|accessdate=5 September 2012}}</ref> but it is managed, protected, and licensed through UCLA Trademarks and Licensing, a division of the Associated Students UCLA.<ref>{{cite web|title=UCLA Licensing and Trademarks: About Us|url=http://www.asucla.ucla.edu/licensing/index.asp|publisher=Associated Students UCLA|accessdate=5 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Welcome to UCLA Trademarks & Licensing|url=http://www.asucla.ucla.edu/licensing/index.asp|publisher=Associated Students UCLA|accessdate=5 September 2012}}</ref> As such, the ASUCLA also has a share in the profits.

Due to UCLA's academic and athletic prestige, as well as the name being associated with popular images of [[Southern California]] lifestyle, apparel with UCLA logos and insignia sells not just in the United States, but as an overseas clothing and accessories brand. High demand for UCLA apparel has inspired the licensing of its trademark to UCLA brand stores throughout Europe, Middle East and Asia. Since 1980, 15 UCLA stores have opened in [[South Korea]], and 49 are currently open in [[China]]. The newest store was opened in in the Middle East in Kuwait.<ref>{{zh icon}} {{cite web |url=http://www.uclastore.com.cn/StoreList.asp |title=UCLA Store List |accessdate=2006-12-26 |work=UCLAstore.com.cn |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080220073734/http://www.uclastore.com.cn/StoreList.asp |archivedate = February 20, 2008}}</ref> There are also stores in [[Mexico]], [[Singapore]], India and [[Europe]].<ref name="stores">{{cite news |first=Menaka |last=Fernando |title=UCLA name, L.A. lifestyle marketable overseas |url=http://www.dailybruin.com/index.php/article/2005/04/ucla-name-la-lifestyle-marketa |work=The Daily Bruin |publisher=UCLA |date=2005-04-05 |accessdate=2005-05-13 }}</ref> UCLA makes $400,000 in royalties every year through its international licensing program.<ref name="stores" />

== Athletics ==
{{Main|UCLA Bruins}}
[[Image:Pauley Pavilion 2013.JPG|thumb|[[Pauley Pavilion]], UCLA's basketball venue]]
[[Image:UCLA vs Oregon, Pasadena, 2007.jpg|thumb| Home of UCLA football, The Rose Bowl in Pasadena]]
[[Image:Drake Stadium 2008.JPG|thumb|right|Drake Stadium, UCLA's track and field stadium]]
[[Image:UCLA Bruins enter the LA Coliseum, 2007.jpg|thumb|UCLA Bruins entering the LA Coliseum in 2007]]
The school's sports teams are called the [[UCLA Bruins|Bruins]], with colors [[True Blue (color)|True Blue]] and gold. The Bruins participate in [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] [[Division I (NCAA)|Division I-A]] as part of the [[Pacific-12 Conference]]. Two notable sports facilities serve as home venues for UCLA sports. The Bruin men's [[American football|football]] team plays home games at the [[Rose Bowl (stadium)|Rose Bowl]] in [[Pasadena, California|Pasadena]]; the team won a national title in 1954. The men's and women's [[basketball]] and men's and women's [[volleyball]] teams, and the women's [[gymnastics]] team play at [[Pauley Pavilion]] on campus. The school also sponsors [[Cross country running|cross country]], [[soccer]], women's [[rowing (sport)|rowing]], [[golf]], [[tennis]], [[water polo]], and women's [[softball]].

The Bruin mascots are Joe and Josephine Bruin, and the [[fight songs]] are ''[[Sons of Westwood]]'' and ''[[Mighty Bruins]]''. The alma mater is ''[[Hail to the Hills of Westwood]]''.

When [[Henry Russell Sanders|Henry "Red" Sanders]] came to UCLA to coach [[American football|football]] in 1949, the uniforms were redesigned. Sanders added a gold loop on the shoulders—the UCLA Stripe. The navy blue was changed to a lighter shade of blue. Sanders figured that the baby blue would look better on the field and in film. He dubbed the baby blue uniform "Powder Keg Blue," a powder blue with an explosive kick. This would also differentiate UCLA from all other UC teams, as all UC campuses' official colors are blue and gold.
UCLA is competitive in all major Division I-A sports and has won 125 national championships, including 109 [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] championships, more than any other university. Most recently, UCLA's [[baseball]] team defeated Mississippi State to win its first NCAA National Championship. UCLA's softball program is also outstanding.<ref name="NCAA">{{cite web |url=http://uclabruins.cstv.com/genrel/ucla-100-champs.html |title=Bruins lead the nation with 106 NCAA team championships and 124 total national championships |accessdate=2008-05-31 |year=2008 |work=UCLA Bruins }}</ref> Women's softball won their NCAA-leading 11th National Championship, on June 8, 2010. The women's water polo team is also dominant in winning—they won a record 7 NCAA championships. Notably, the team helped UCLA become the first school to win 100 NCAA championships overall when they won their fifth on May 13, 2007.

Among these championships, some of the more notable victories are in [[UCLA Bruins men's basketball|men's basketball]]. Under legendary coach [[John Wooden]], UCLA men's basketball teams won 10 NCAA championships, including a [[NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship#Champions, runners-up and locations|record seven consecutive]], in 1964, 1965, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, and 1975, and an 11th was added under then-coach Jim Harrick in 1995 (through 2008, the most consecutive by any other team is [[NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship#Champions, runners-up and locations|two]]).<ref name="NCAA" /> From 1971 to 1974, UCLA men's basketball won an unprecedented 88 consecutive games.
UCLA has also shown dominance in [[NCAA Men's Volleyball Championship|men's volleyball]], with 19 national championships. All 19 teams were led by former<ref>{{cite web|last=Foster|first=Chris|title=Al Scates to retire as UCLA volleyball coach after 2012 season|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2011/may/10/sports/la-sp-0511-scates-ucla-volleyball-20110511|work=News story|publisher=Los Angeles Times|accessdate=8 December 2012}}</ref> coach [[Al Scates]], which ties him with [[John McDonnell (coach)|John McDonnell]] of the [[University of Arkansas]] as NCAA leader for national championships in a single sport.<ref name="NCAA" />

UCLA has medaled in every [[Olympic Games]] they have participated in.

Former UCLA [[basketball]] player and current [[Utah Jazz]] player [[Earl Watson]] commented, "Eleven national championships, the best coach (Wooden) to coach the game says a lot. I take offense to those who act like UCLA is just another school compared with [[Duke Blue Devils|Duke]]. Duke is a great school in the east, but UCLA is worldwide."

===USC rivalry===
{{Main|UCLA-USC rivalry}}

UCLA shares a traditional sports rivalry with the nearby [[University of Southern California]]. Under legendary coach [[John Wooden]], UCLA became a dominating power in men's basketball, and has won 11 [[NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship|NCAA championships]], against USC's zero.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://uclabruins.cstv.com/genrel/ucla-100-champs.html |title=National Championships |accessdate=2007-05-22 |year=2007 |work=UCLA Bruins }}</ref> In football, UCLA has one national champion team and 16 conference titles, compared to USC's 11 national championships and 37 conference championships.

The schools share a rivalry in many other sports. In men's volleyball, UCLA won 19 [[NCAA Men's Volleyball Championship]]s against USC's four.<ref name="NCAA" /> UCLA also dominates the all-time series vs. USC in men's volleyball (86–34).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/ucla/sports/m-volley/auto_pdf/2010-mg-section2.pdf |title=2010MVBGuide2.indd |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2010-05-23}}</ref> In women's volleyball UCLA leads the all-time series against USC as well and has won eight national champions to USC's six.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/ucla/sports/w-volley/auto_pdf/2007-mg-section-04.pdf|title=2007 UCLA WOMEN’S VOLLEYBALL MEDIA GUIDE – THE PACIFIC-10 CONFERENCE – Opponents |page=51 |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2011-09-11}}</ref> In the popular sport of soccer UCLA leads USC in the all-time series 13–3–0, yet USC no longer competes in men's NCAA Div 1 soccer.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/ucla/sports/m-soccer/auto_pdf/09-msoccer-mg-opponents.pdf |title=UCLA Record vs. Opponents|page=42 |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2011-09-11}}</ref> The [[Lexus Gauntlet]] is the name given to the official competition between the two schools in 18 varsity sports where UCLA has won the annual award three times and USC has won the award on eight occasions.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://lexusgauntlet.collegesports.com/index-south.html |title=Lexus Gauntlet | work=CollegeSports |accessdate=2007-04-13 }}</ref> This rivalry even extends to the [[Olympic Games]], where UCLA athletes have won 251 medals over a short span of 50 years while USC athletes have won 287 that took nearly 100 years to accomplish.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://uclabruins.cstv.com/ot/olympic-medalists.html |title=UCLA's Olympic Medal Winners |accessdate=2007-05-22 |year=2004 |work=UCLA Bruins }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://graphics.fansonly.com/photos/schools/usc/genrel/auto_pdf/uscolympians.pdf |title=USC OLYMPIANS: 1904–2004 |accessdate=2007-05-22 |year=2004 |work=Fans Only (CSTV) |format=PDF }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usctrojans.com/genrel/081212aab.html |title=USC Concludes Its Most Successful Olympics Ever - University of Southern California Official Athletic Site |publisher=Usctrojans.com |date=2012-08-12 |accessdate=2012-10-14}}</ref>

The origin is unclear, but the rivalry most likely started when football [[List of College Football Hall of Fame inductees (coaches)|Hall of Fame coach]] Red Sanders led UCLA to dominance in the 1950s. USC, having won four national championships prior to UCLA's first and only title in 1954 diverted some attention from then-rival [[University of Notre Dame]], and the new cross-town rivalry began.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usctrojans.com/sports/m-footbl/spec-rel/06-m-footbl-guide.html |title=University of Southern California Official Athletic Site - Football |publisher=Usctrojans.com |date= |accessdate=2012-10-14}}</ref>

Presently, [[UCLA Bruins|UCLA]] has the most NCAA championships, winning a combined 109 team championships in men's and women's sports, with Stanford coming in second with 103, followed by USC with 95.<ref>http://fs.ncaa.org/Docs/stats/champs_records_book/summaries/combined.pdf</ref>

==Student life==

The campus' location in [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]] makes excursions to local museums, theaters, or other entertainment venues relatively quick and easy. UCLA offers classical [[orchestra]]s, [[intramural sports]], and over 800 student organizations. UCLA is also home to more than 68 national and local Greek-letter organizations, which collectively constitute the largest membership-based and multi-faceted community on campus. Fraternity and sorority members represent 15% of the student population.<ref>[http://www.greeklife.ucla.edu/ UCLA Fraternity & Sorority Relations]. Greeklife.ucla.edu. Retrieved on 2013-07-14.</ref> [[Phrateres]], a non-exclusive social-service club for women was founded here in 1924 by the Dean of Women, Helen Matthewson Laughlin. Between 1924 and 1967, 23 chapters of Phrateres were installed in schools across North America. The student government at UCLA is the Associated Students UCLA (ASUCLA), governed by a student majority board of directors. It is the umbrella organization that includes the two branches of UCLA's student government, the Graduate Students Association (GSA) and the Undergraduate Students Association Council (USAC), the UCLA Store, the Student Union, Restaurants, Trademark & Licensing, and Student Media (including the ''[[Daily Bruin]]''). The Student Alumni Association (SAA), a student-run branch under the UCLA Alumni Association, is responsible for conducting UCLA's oldest and greatest traditions, such as Blue and Gold Week, Senior Send-off, [[UCLA Spring Sing|Spring Sing]], and Dinners for 12 Strangers. UCLA also operates a waterfront facility known as the [http://marinaaquaticcenter.org/index.htm UCLA Marina Aquatic Center] in [[Marina del Rey]]. Students and staff participate in dinghy sailing, surfing, windsurfing, rowing, and kayaking.

UCLA has an active a cappella student population, with a variety of student organizations across campus. The university is often regarded as the pioneer in the West Coast collegiate contemporary a cappella tradition with its first group, [[Awaken A Cappella]], founded in 1992. The all-male group on campus, Bruin Harmony, has enjoyed a successful career since its inception in 2006, portraying a collegiate a cappella group in ''[[The Social Network]]'' (2010), while the Scattertones have achieved a great deal of success in the [[International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella]], finishing in second-place in 2011. Other a cappella groups on campus include Signature, Random Voices, Medleys, Youthphonics, Deviant Voices, Awechords and Cadenza. YOUTHphonics is UCLA's only nonprofit service-oriented a cappella group focused on youth.

There are also a variety of cultural organizations on campus, such as Nikkei Student Union (NSU), Japanese Student Association (JSA),<ref>[http://www.studentgroups.ucla.edu/jsa/ Ucla Jsa]. Studentgroups.ucla.edu. Retrieved on 2013-07-14.</ref> Association of Chinese Americans (ACA), Chinese Students Association (CSA), Taiwanese American Union (TAU), Vietnamese Student Union (VSU), Thai Smakom, and Chinese Cultural Dance Club (CCDC), each with its focuses on sharing culture and history. Many of these organizations have an annual "culture night" that usually constitutes drama, traditional dance, modern dance, etc., which raises awareness of culture and history to the campus and community.
{{wide image|JRFWide.jpg|1000px|Crowd at JazzReggae Festival 2010.}}

===Traditions===
The university has many traditions and annual events involving students, community, or the city. The school hosts events that usually require participation from more than just the student body, and competitions can occasionally involve celebrity judges and performers.

Unicamp, founded in 1934, is UCLA's official charity. It is a week-long summer camp for under-served children from the [[greater Los Angeles area]], with UCLA volunteer counselors. Because Unicamp is a non-profit organization, student volunteers from UCLA also fundraise money throughout the year to allow these children to attend summer camp.<ref>{{cite web|title=UCLA Unicamp|url=http://www.unicamp.org/site/c.iiKQLaPOLrF/b.5052093/k.BE10/Home.htm|accessdate=4 December 2012}}</ref>

To introduce new students to clubs and activities, UCLA begins the fall quarter with True Bruin Welcome. The week includes the Day of Service for all freshmen, the Enormous Activities Fair, the Sports Fair, and other events. At the end of move-in and the beginning of True Bruin Welcome, UCLA holds Bruin Bash. Hosted by the USAC Campus Events Commission and USAC Cultural Affairs Commission, Bruin Bash includes a concert, dance, and movie. Past performers include [[Thrice]] and [[Common (rapper)|Common]] in 2005, [[Xzibit]] and [[Rooney (band)|Rooney]] in 2006, [[T.I.]] in 2007, [[The Cool Kids]], [[Estelle (musician)|Estelle]], [[Hellogoodbye]] in 2008, [[LMFAO (group)|LMFAO]] and [[Clipse]] in 2009, [[Ying Yang Twins]], [[Travis McCoy]] and [[The Cataracs]] in 2010. Bruin Bash was created as a replacement for Black Sunday, a large-scale day of partying including all fraternities, in North Westwood Village, where the majority of off-campus students reside adjacent to campus.

Dance Marathon is an annual event organized by the student group, the Pediatric AIDS Coalition, held in Ackerman Grand Ballroom, where thousands of students raise money and dance to support the [[Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation]], Project Kindle, One Heartland, and the UCLA AIDS Institute. Dancers are required to fundraise a minimum amount of $250 before the event, which is a 26-hour [[dance marathon]]. Dancers are not allowed to sit (except to use the restroom) during the marathon, literally taking a stand against pediatric AIDS, and symbolizing the suffering of children around the world infected with and affected by [[HIV]]/[[AIDS]]. In 2012, Dance Marathon at UCLA raised a record-breaking $451,000. Since 2002, the Marathon has raised over $3 million.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://bruindancemarathon.org/about-newsite.html |title=What's DM? |accessdate=2007-05-21 |year=2007 |work=Bruin Dance Marathon |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070525182557/http://bruindancemarathon.org/about-newsite.html |archivedate = May 25, 2007}}</ref>

UCLA students also participate in "Midnight Yell" during finals week, a tradition where every night at midnight (starting on that week's Sunday), students yell as loudly as possible for a few minutes, giving a chance to take a short break from studying and to release some stress.

The quarterly [[Underwear run|Undie Run]] takes place during the Wednesday evening of Finals Week, when students run through the campus in their underwear or in skimpy costumes. The run first began in Fall of 2001 when a student, Eric Whitehead, wearing what he described as "really short shorts" walked around singing a song and playing a guitar to protest the Police restrictions on the Midnight Yell.<ref name="tradition">{{cite web |url=http://www.dailybruin.com/articles/2005/6/13/undie-run-tradition-faces-grow/ |title=Undie Run tradition faces growing pains |accessdate=2007-06-13 |author=Staines, Xandi |date=2005-06-13 |work=The Daily Bruin }}</ref> With the increasing safety hazards and Police and Administration involvement, a student committee changed the route in order to satisfy concerns but keep the event. It was changed to a run through campus to the fountain in front of Powell Library, which now culminates with students dancing in the fountain.<ref name="undie">{{cite web |url=http://www.dailybruin.com/articles/2005/12/12/undie-run-safety-at-issue/ |title=Undie Run safety at issue |accessdate=2007-05-21 |author=Rushovich, Colin |date=2005-12-12 |work=The Daily Bruin }}</ref> As attendance increased, committees in charge of organizing the event deemed it necessary to employ the [[University of California Police Department|UC Police]] during the event, to ward off vandalism and dangerous activity.<ref name="undie" /> In 2007, the route was changed again to begin at Strathmore and Gayley Avenues instead of Landfair and Gayley Avenues. The Undie Run concept has since spread to other college campuses around the United States, including the [[University of Texas at Austin]], [[Arizona State University]], and [[Syracuse University]].

[[Image:Spring Sing 2009.jpg|thumb|Spring Sing 2009]]
The Alumni Association sponsors several events, usually large extravaganzas involving huge amounts of coordination. An example of this is the 60-year old [[UCLA Spring Sing|Spring Sing]], organized by the Student Alumni Association (SAA). Spring Sing is UCLA's oldest tradition—it is an annual gala of student talent, which is held at the Los Angeles Tennis Center on campus. In 2009 the event was held in UCLA's Pauley Pavilion. The committee bestows the George and Ira Gershwin Lifetime Achievement Award each year to a major contributor to the music industry. Past recipients have included [[Stevie Wonder]], [[Frank Sinatra]], [[Ella Fitzgerald]], [[James Taylor]], [[Ray Charles]], [[Natalie Cole]], [[Quincy Jones]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uclalumni.net/CalendarEvents/springsing/Gershwin/winners.cfm |title=Gershwin Award Winners |accessdate=2007-05-21 |year=2007 |work=Alumni Association }}</ref> [[Lionel Richie]], and in 2009, [[Julie Andrews]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/electronicplay.aspx?fid=24831&id=E0C5478 |title=Lional Richie accepts the Gershwin Award |publisher=Newsroom.ucla.edu |date=2008-05-02 |accessdate=2011-09-11}}</ref> The Dinner for 12 Strangers, a common tradition among universities, is a gathering of students, alumni, administration and faculty to network around different interests.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.today.ucla.edu/2004/040121voices_mind.html |title=Dinner with 12 strangers is a feast for friends |accessdate=2007-05-21 |author=Valentine, Jane |date=2004-01-21 |work=UCLA Today |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060901103028/http://www.today.ucla.edu/2004/040121voices_mind.html |archivedate = September 1, 2006}}</ref> The week before the USC rivalry football game, there is a "Beat 'SC Bonfire and Rally." The bonfire did not take place in 2006 due to fire hazard issues. Nonetheless, UCLA won the football game, upsetting the #2 ranked Trojans. This led many to believe that dispelling of the tradition led to the victory.

The USAC Cultural Affairs Commission hosts the [[JazzReggae Festival @ UCLA|JazzReggae Festival]], a two-day concert on [[Memorial Day]] weekend that attracts more than 20,000 attendees. The JazzReggae Festival is the largest, entirely student produced and run event of its kind on the West Coast.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://jazzreggaefest.com/pages/about/ |title=JazzReggae Fest 2011 |publisher=Jazzreggaefest.com |date= |accessdate=2011-09-11}}</ref>

===Student government===
[[File:Kerckhoff Hall, UCLA (2007).jpg|thumb|upright|Kerckhoff Hall houses the offices of student government and the ''[[Daily Bruin]]''.]]
The Associated Students UCLA (ASUCLA) is the official entity encompassing student government and student-led enterprises at UCLA. ASUCLA has four major components: the Undergraduate Students Association, the Graduate Students Association, Student Media, and services & enterprises. However, in common practice, the term ASUCLA is often more narrowly used to refer to the services and enterprises component. This includes the Student Store, Bookstore, Food Services, Student Union, etc. These commercial enterprises serving the UCLA campus community generate approximately $90,000,000 in annual revenues, making it financially the largest student government operation in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www2.guidestar.org/ReportNonProfit.aspx?ein=95-1777979&name=associated-students-ucla# |title=ASSOCIATED STUDENTS UCLA [95-1777979] GuideStar Report |publisher=.guidestar.org |date= |accessdate=2010-05-23}}</ref> As a nonprofit corporation, the financial goal of ASUCLA is not to maximize return or "profit" but to provide quality services and programs to the campus community at reasonable prices. ASUCLA is governed by a student-majority Board of Directors. The Undergraduate Students Association and Graduate Students Association each appoint three members plus one alternate. In addition to the student members, there are representatives appointed by the administration, the academic senate, and the alumni association. The "services and enterprises" portion of ASUCLA is run by a professional executive director who oversees some 300 professional career staff and 2,000 student employees.

The Graduate Students Association is the governing body for approximately 12,000 graduate and professional students at UCLA.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gsa.asucla.ucla.edu/ |title=UCLA Graduate Student Association |publisher=Gsa.asucla.ucla.edu |date=2010-02-02 |accessdate=2010-05-23}}</ref>

"USAC" is an acronym for Undergraduate Students Association Council, the governing body of the Undergraduate Students Association (USA) whose membership comprises every UCLA undergraduate student.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://students.asucla.ucla.edu/ |title=UCLA Undergraduate Students Association |publisher=Students.asucla.ucla.edu |date= |accessdate=2011-09-11}}</ref> The student body currently has two major political slates, Students First! (established in 1981) and Bruins United (established in 2006).

USAC's thirteen student officers and commissioners are elected by members of the Undergraduate Students Association at an annual election held during Spring Quarter. In addition to its thirteen elected members, USAC includes appointed representatives of the Administration, the Alumni, and the Faculty, as well as two ex-officio members, the ASUCLA Executive Director and a student Finance Committee Chairperson who is appointed by the USA President and approved by USAC. All members of USAC may participate fully in Council deliberations, but only the thirteen elected student members have a vote.

The thirteen elected positions include: USAC President, Internal Vice President, External Vice President, General Representative (3), Academic Affairs Commissioner, Cultural Affairs Commissioner, Facilities Commissioner, Campus Events Commissioner, Student Welfare Commissioner, Community Service Commissioner, and Financial Supports Commissioner.<ref>{{cite web|title=UCLA Undergraduate Students Association Offices|url=http://www.usac.ucla.edu/about/offices.php|publisher=Undergraduate Students Association Council|accessdate=8 November 2012}}</ref>

The USAC President appoints more than seventy undergraduates to administrative committees and the Academic Affairs Commissioner Appoints approximately 25 undergraduates to Academic Senate Committees. Students have an opportunity to serve on the ASUCLA Board of Directors and the Communications Board, as well as on other significant committees. Through their participation on these campus-wide committees, UCLA undergraduates have had input into the decision making process at a high level.

USAC's programs offers additional services to the campus and surrounding communities and provide an opportunity for students to participate in. For example, each year approximately 40,000 students, faculty and staff attend programs of the Campus Events Commission, including a low-cost film program, a speakers program which presents leading figures from a wide range of disciplines, and performances by dozens of entertainers. Two to three thousand UCLA undergraduates participate annually in the more than twenty voluntary outreach programs run by the Community Service Commission. A large corps of undergraduate volunteers also participate in programs run by the Student Welfare Commission, such as AIDS Awareness, Substance Abuse Awareness, Blood Drives and CPR/First Aid Training.

Student Media UCLA is the home of UCLA's student-run media, including the campus newspaper, magazines, and radio and television stations.<ref>[http://www.studentmedia.ucla.edu/mediacenter/section.asp ]{{Dead link|date=May 2010}}</ref>

===Media publications===
Most student media publications distributed on-campus are governed by the ASUCLA Communications Board. The ''[[Daily Bruin]]'' is UCLA's most prominent student publication. Founded in 1919 under the name ''Cub Californian'', it has since then developed into [[Los Angeles]]' third-most circulated newspaper. It has won over 20 national awards in the last five years, and is regularly commended for layout and content. In 2006, the [[Society of Professional Journalists]] awarded it Best All-Around Daily Newspaper in the national Mark of Excellence Awards.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.spj.org/moe06.asp |title=2006 Mark of Excellence – National Winners/Finalists |accessdate=2007-05-26 |year=2006 |work=Society of Professional Journalists }}</ref> The newspaper has not been without scrutiny and controversy, and in 1954, the administration attempted to intervene with the previous policy of electing editors by a student council. UCLA Student Media also publishes seven news magazines, each established to serve a special-interest community on campus: ''Al-Talib'', ''Fem'', ''Ha'Am'', ''[[La Gente de Aztlan]]'', ''Nommo'', ''Pacific Ties'', and ''[[Outwrite]]'', a school yearbook, BruinLife, Daily Bruin Television (DBTV), the student-run radio station, [[UCLAradio.com]], formerly known as KLA, and the online campus review-site ''Bruinwalk.com''. Student groups such as The Forum for Energy Economics and Development also publish yearly journals focused on energy technologies and industries.

===Housing===
{{Main|UCLA student housing}}
[[File:Rieber Terrace, UCLA.jpg|thumb|upright|Rieber Terrace housing]]
UCLA provides housing to over 10,000 undergraduate and 2,900 graduate students.<ref>{{cite web | url =http://www.housing.ucla.edu/SHMP/SHMP-2017-3.pdf | title =UCLA Student Housing Master Plan 2007–2017 |accessdate=2010-08-06}}</ref>

Most undergraduate students are housed in 14 complexes on the western side of campus, referred to by students as "The Hill." Students can live in halls, plazas, suites, or university apartments, which vary in pricing and privacy. Housing plans also offer students access to dining facilities, which have been ranked by the ''[[Princeton Review]]'' as some of the best in the nation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.princetonreview.com/schoollist.aspx?type=r&id=683&RDN=1 |title=The Best 371 Colleges: Quality of Life – Campus Food |accessdate=2010-04-20 }}</ref> Dining halls are located in De Neve, Rieber, Covel, and Hedrick Halls. In winter 2012, a new dining hall called The Feast at Rieber opened to students.<ref name="din">http://www.dining.ucla.edu/housing_site/dining/ResidentialRestaurantsMap.pdf</ref> Residential cafes include Bruin Cafe, Rendezvous, and Cafe 1919.<ref name="din"/> Cafe 1919's location formerly housed a cafe known as Puzzles.<ref name="din"/> UCLA currently offers three years guaranteed housing to its incoming freshman, and one year to incoming transfer students. There are four type of housing available for students, residential halls, deluxe residential halls, residential plazas, and residential suites. Available on the hill are study rooms, basketball courts, tennis courts, and Sunset Recreational Center which includes three pools.

Graduate students are housed in one of five apartment complexes. One, Weyburn Terrace, is located just southwest of the campus. The other four are roughly five miles south of UCLA in Palms and Mar Vista. They too vary in pricing and privacy.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://map.ais.ucla.edu/go/1002103 | title=Living in University Apartments | accessdate=2010-08-06}}</ref>

According to the ''[[Daily Bruin]]'', 1,525 beds, 10 faculty in-residence apartments and a 750-seat dining hall will be built on the Northwest Housing Infill Project on the Hill by 2013. The buildings are tentatively titled De Neve Gardenia Way, De Neve Holly Ridge, Sproul Cove, and Sproul Landing.<ref>{{cite news |first=Brett |last=Noble |title=Project to increase housing options |url=http://www.dailybruin.com/articles/2008/6/4/project-increase-housing-options/ |work=Daily Bruin |date=2008-06-04 |accessdate=2008-06-09 }}</ref>

If involved in Greek life, students have the option to also live in Greek housing while at UCLA. Oftentimes cheaper than living in the dorms or the apartments, Greek housing is a great option for living arrangements for a year or two. Sorority houses are located on Hilgard Avenue, and the Fraternity houses are placed on the opposite side of campus throughout Westwood Village. A student usually lives with 50+ students in Greek housing.

===Hospitality===
Hospitality constituents of the university include departments not directly related to student life or administration. The Hospitality department manages the UCLA Guest House, a full-service, on-campus hotel. The 61-room Guest House services those visiting the university for campus-related activities.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://map.ais.ucla.edu/portal/site/UCLA/menuitem.3f8e7342ad4ca217b66d4ab4f848344a/?vgnextoid=fd5af9f9bd19ff00VgnVCM1000008f8443a4RCRD |title=Guest House Hotel |accessdate=2007-05-21 |year=2007 |work=Official site }}</ref> The department also manages the UCLA Conference Center, a 40 acre (0.2 km²) conference center in the [[San Bernardino Mountains]] near [[Lake Arrowhead, California|Lake Arrowhead]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://map.ais.ucla.edu/portal/site/UCLA/menuitem.3f8e7342ad4ca217b66d4ab4f848344a/?vgnextoid=ec175645ff212010VgnVCM1000008f8443a4RCRD |title=Conference Center at Lake Arrowhead |accessdate=2007-05-21 |year=2007 |work=Official site }}</ref> Hospitality also operates UCLA Catering <ref>{{cite web |url=http://map.ais.ucla.edu/go/campus-services/hospitality/catering | title= UCLA Catering |year=2009 | work=official cite}}</ref> a [[Vending]] operation, and summer conference center located on the Westwood campus.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://map.ais.ucla.edu/portal/site/UCLA/menuitem.3f8e7342ad4ca217b66d4ab4f848344a/?vgnextoid=143d396579b8ff00VgnVCM1000008f8443a4RCRD |title=Conference Services |accessdate=2007-05-21 |year=2007 |work=Official site }}</ref>

===Chabad House===
The UCLA [[Chabad House]] is a community center for [[Jews|Jewish]] students operated by the [[Orthodox Judaism|Orthodox Jewish]] [[Chabad]] movement. Established in 1969, it was the first Chabad House at a university.<ref name="Chabad, Maya Balakirsky Katz 2010, page 152">The Visual Culture of Chabad, Maya Balakirsky Katz, Cambridge University Press, 2010, page 152.</ref><ref>The Rebbe's Army: Inside the World of Chabad-Lubavitch, Sue Fishkoff, Random House, 2009</ref> In 1980, three students died in a fire in the original building of the UCLA Chabad House. The present building was erected in their memory. The building, completed in 1984, was the first of many Chabad houses worldwide designed as architectural reproductions of the residence of the Lubavitcher Rebbe, Rabbi [[Menachem Mendel Schneerson]] at [[770 Eastern Parkway]] in Brooklyn, New York.<ref name="Chabad, Maya Balakirsky Katz 2010, page 152"/>

== Faculty and alumni ==



{{See also|List of University of California, Los Angeles people}}
Fifteen Nobel laureates are associated with UCLA: eight professors<ref name="NobelFaculty">{{cite web|title=UCLA Faculty Nobel Laureates|url=http://www.ucla.edu/about/awards-and-honors/faculty/nobel-laureates|work=Listing with bio|publisher=Regents of the University of California|accessdate=2012-12-17}}</ref> and seven alumni.<ref name="NobelAlumni">{{cite web|title=UCLA Alumni Nobel Laureates|url=http://www.ucla.edu/about/awards-and-honors/alumni-and-students/nobel-laureates|work=Listing with bio|publisher=Regents of the University of California|accessdate=2012-12-17}}</ref> The professors are Lloyd Shapley, Economic Sciences, 2012;<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences 2012|url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economics/laureates/2012/|publisher=Nobel Foundation|accessdate=2012-12-17}}</ref> Louis Ignarro, Physiology or Medicine, 1998;<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1998|url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1998/|publisher=Nobel Foundation|accessdate=2012-12-17}}</ref> Paul Boyer, Chemistry, 1997;<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1997|url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1997/|publisher=Nobel Foundation|accessdate=2012-12-17}}</ref> Donald Cram, Chemistry, 1987;<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1987|url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1987/|publisher=Nobel Foundation|accessdate=2012-12-17}}</ref> Julian S. Schwinger, Physics, 1965;<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Physics 1965|url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1965/|publisher=Nobel Foundation|accessdate=2012-12-17}}</ref> and Willard Libby, Chemistry, 1960.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1960|url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1960/|publisher=Nobel Foundation|accessdate=2012-12-17}}</ref> Two other faculty members winning the Nobel Prize were [[Bertrand Russell]] and [[Al Gore]],<ref name=UCLA>{{cite web |url=http://today.ucla.edu/portal/ut/010213gore.aspx |title=Training the Next Community Builders:Gore taps faculty expertise |accessdate=August 20, 2008 |last=Lee |first=Cynthia |coauthors=Ko, Amy |year=2001 |publisher=UCLA Today}}</ref> who had a short stay at UCLA. The alumni Nobel laureates include Richard Heck, Chemistry, 2010;<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2010|url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2010/|publisher=Nobel Foundation|accessdate=2012-12-17}}</ref> Elinor Ostrom, Economic Sciences, 2009;<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences 2009|url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economics/laureates/2009/|publisher=Nobel Foundation|accessdate=2012-12-17}}</ref> and Randy Schekman, Medicine, 2013.<ref>{{cite web|title=Randy Schekman, molecular biologist and UCLA alumnus, wins 2013 Nobel Prize|url=http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/randy-schekman-molecular-biologist-248784.aspx?link_page_rss=248784|publisher=UCLA|accessdate=2013-10-07}}</ref> Fifty-two UCLA professors have been awarded [[Guggenheim Fellows]]hips, and eleven are [[MacArthur Fellows Program|MacArthur Foundation Fellows]]. Mathematics professor [[Terence Tao]] was awarded the 2006 [[Fields Medal]].<ref name="hc">{{cite web |url=http://hcr3.isiknowledge.com/browse_author.pl?link1=Browse&link2=Results&value=University+of+California,+Los+Angeles&submit=INSTITUTION&page=0 |title=List of UCLA Highly Cited Researchers |accessdate=2006-12-02 |author=Thomson Scientific |year=2002 |work=ISI Highly Cited Researchers Version 1.1 }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Society !! Faculty membership
|-
| [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] || 120
|-
| [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]] || 114
|-
| [[American Philosophical Society]] || 16
|-
| [[Institute of Medicine]] || 37
|-
| [[National Academy of Engineering]] || 22
|-
| [[National Academy of Sciences]] || 50
|-
| National Academy of Education || 7
|}

Geography professor [[Jared Diamond]] won the 1998 [[Pulitzer Prize]] for his book ''[[Guns, Germs, and Steel]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pulitzer.org/year/1998/general-non-fiction/ |title=The Pulitzer Prize Winners in 1998 |accessdate=2007-05-21 |year=2007 |work=Pulitzer Board |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070223093011/http://www.pulitzer.org/year/1998/general-non-fiction/ |archivedate = February 23, 2007}}</ref> Two UCLA history professors have each won 2008 Pulitzer Prizes for general nonfiction and history. [[Saul Friedländer]], professor of history and noted scholar of the Nazi Holocaust, won the prize for general nonfiction for his 2006 book, ''The Years of Extermination: Nazi [[Germany]] and the Jews, 1939–1945'', and Professor Emeritus Daniel Walker Howe won for his 2007 book, ''What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815–1848''.

A number of UCLA alumni are notable politicians. In the [[U.S. House of Representatives]], [[Henry Waxman]] ('61, '64) represents [[California's 30th congressional district]] and is Chairman of the [[House Energy and Commerce Committee]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/21/us/politics/21dingell.html |title=Democrats Oust Longtime Leader of House Panel |accessdate=2008-11-20 |work=New York Times | first=John M. | last=Broder | date=2008-11-21}}</ref> U.S. Representative [[Judy Chu]] ('74) represents [[California's 32nd congressional district]] and became the first [[Chinese American]] woman elected to the [[U.S. Congress]] in 2009.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://articles.latimes.com/2009/jul/16/local/me-judy-chu16 |title=Judy Chu becomes first Chinese American woman elected to Congress |accessdate=2009-07-16 |work=Los Angeles Times | first=Jean | last=Merl | date=2009-07-16}}</ref> [[Kirsten Gillibrand]] ('91) is U.S. Senator from the State of [[New York]] and former U.S. Representative for [[New York's 20th congressional district]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.boston.com/news/nation/articles/2009/01/24/gillibrand_appointed_to_senate_seat |title=Gillibrand appointed to Senate seat |accessdate=2005-05-18 |year=2005 |work=New York Times | first=Michael | last=Gormley}}</ref> UCLA boasts two [[Mayor of Los Angeles|Mayors of Los Angeles]], [[Tom Bradley (American politician)|Tom Bradley]] (1937-1940), the city's only African-American mayor, and [[Antonio Villaraigosa]] ('77), who served as mayor from 2005 to 2013.

Computer scientist [[Vint Cerf]] ('70, '72) is Vice President and Chief Internet Evangelist at [[Google]] and the person most widely considered the "father of the Internet."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.infoworld.com/d/cloud-computing/cerf-urges-standards-cloud-computing-817 |title=Cerf urges standards for cloud computing |accessdate=2010-01-08 |year=2010 |work=InfoWorld}}</ref> [[Henry Samueli]] ('75) is co-founder of [[Broadcom Corporation]] and owner of the [[Anaheim Ducks]]. [[Adam Miller]] is the CEO of [[Cornerstone OnDemand]].<ref>"Executive Team". ''Cornerstone OnDemand.'' Web. 20 Aug. 2013</ref>

UCLA alumni have also achieved prominence in the arts and entertainment. Composer [[John Williams]] is laureate conductor at the [[Boston Pops Orchestra]] and [[Academy Award]]-winning composer of the ''[[Star Wars]]'' film score. [[Martin Sherwin]] (’71) was awarded the [[Pulitzer Prize]] for ''[[American Prometheus|American Prometheus: The Triumph and Tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer]]''. Actors [[Ben Stiller]], [[Tim Robbins]], [[James Franco]], [[George Takei]], [[Sean Astin]], [[Holland Roden]] and [[Milo Ventimiglia]] are also UCLA alumni. Popular music artists [[Sara Bareilles]], [[The Doors]], [[Linkin Park]], and [[Maroon 5]] all attended UCLA. [[Giada De Laurentiis]] is a program host at [[Food Network]] and former chef at [[Spago]]. [[Greg Graffin]], lead singer of [[punk rock]] band [[Bad Religion]], earned a master's degree in Geology at UCLA, and currently teaches a course on evolution there.<ref>[http://magazine.ucla.edu/exclusives/bad-religion_greg-graffin/ Reading, Writing and Rock 'n' Roll - Web Exclusive - UCLA Magazine Online]. Magazine.ucla.edu. Retrieved on 2013-07-14.</ref> [[Carol Burnett]] was the winner of the Mark Twain Prize for American Humor in 2013 (also winner of [[Emmys]], a [[Peabody Award|Peabody]] and a [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] in 2005).<ref>Mary Daily, [http://today.ucla.edu/portal/ut/alumna-carol-burnett-class-clown-249059.aspx Carol Burnett: UCLA's class clown takes national honors], ''UCLA Today'', October 22, 2013</ref>

[[Carlos Bocanegra]], the USA soccer team captain is also a UCLA alumnus.

UCLA also boasts an excellent military background, with hundreds of alumni moving beyond their undergraduate careers to serve their nation. [[Carlton Skinner]] was a U.S. Navy Commander who racially integrated the service at the end of [[World War 2]] on the [[USS Sea Cloud]]. He was also the first civilian governor of [[Guam]]. [[Francis B. Wai]] is, to date, the only Chinese-American and the first Asian-American to be awarded the Congressional [[Medal of Honor]] for his actions in World War II. UCLA also lost an alumnus in early 2007 when Second Lieutenant Mark Daily was killed in Mosul, Iraq after his HMMWV was hit by an IED. Lieutenant Daily's service is marked by a plaque located on the northern face of the Student Activities Center (SAC), where the ROTC halls are currently located.

UCLA's faculty and alumni have won a number of awards including:

{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* 105 [[Academy Award]]s
* 278 [[Emmy Award]]s
* 1 [[Fields Medal]]
* 2 [[Turing Award]]s
* 11 [[Fulbright Program|Fulbright Scholars]] (since 2000)
* 78 [[Guggenheim Fellows]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aim.ucla.edu/profile/main.asp |title=UCLA Profile |publisher=Aim.ucla.edu |date= |accessdate=2010-05-23}}</ref>
* 11 [[MacArthur Fellows]]
* 1 [[Mark Twain Prize for American Humor]]
* 10 [[National Medal of Science|National Medals of Science]]
* 14 [[Nobel Laureates]]
* 3 [[Presidential Medal of Freedom|Presidential Medals of Freedom]]
* 1 [[Pritzker Prize]] in Architecture
* 3 [[Pulitzer Prize]]s
* 12 [[Rhodes Scholars]]
* 1 [[Medal of Honor]]
{{div col end}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons|University of California, Los Angeles}}
*[http://www.ucla.edu Official University Website]
*[http://www.uclabruins.com Official Athletics Website]

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Berkelium

2013-11-20T00:37:52Z

Casecrer: /* History */

{{good article}}
{{infobox berkelium}}
'''Berkelium''' is a [[transuranic element|transuranic]] [[radioactive decay|radioactive]] [[chemical element]] with the symbol '''Bk''' and [[atomic number]] 97, a member of the [[actinide]] and [[transuranium element]] series. It is named after the city of [[Berkeley, California]], the location of the [[University of California Radiation Laboratory]] where it was discovered in December 1949. This was the fifth transuranium element discovered after [[neptunium]], [[plutonium]], [[curium]] and [[americium]].

The major [[isotope]] of berkelium, berkelium-249, is synthesized in minute quantities in dedicated high-flux [[nuclear reactor]]s, mainly at the [[Oak Ridge National Laboratory]] in [[Tennessee]], USA, and at the [[Research Institute of Atomic Reactors]] in [[Dimitrovgrad, Russia]]. The production of the second-important isotope berkelium-247 involves the irradiation of the rare isotope [[curium-244]] with high-energy [[alpha particle]]s.

Just over one gram of berkelium has been produced in the United States since 1967. There is no practical application of berkelium outside of scientific research which is mostly directed at the synthesis of heavier [[transuranic elements]] and [[transactinide]]s. A 22 milligram batch of berkelium-249 was prepared during a 250-day irradiation period and then purified for a further 90 days at Oak Ridge in 2009. This sample was used to synthesize the element [[ununseptium]] for the first time in 2009 at the [[Joint Institute for Nuclear Research]], [[Russia]], after it was bombarded with [[calcium-48]] ions for 150 days. This was a culmination of the Russia–US collaboration on the synthesis of elements 113 to 118.

Berkelium is a soft, silvery-white, [[Radioactivity|radioactive]] metal. The berkelium-249 isotope emits low-energy [[electron]]s and thus is relatively safe to handle. However, it decays with a [[half-life]] of 330 days to [[californium]]-249, which is a strong and hazardous emitter of alpha particles. This gradual transformation is an important consideration when studying the properties of elemental berkelium and its chemical compounds, since the formation of californium brings not only chemical contamination, but also self-radiation damage, and self-heating from the emitted alpha particles.

==Characteristics==

===Physical===
[[File:Closest packing ABAC.png|thumb|Double-hexagonal close packing with the layer sequence ABAC in the crystal structure of α-berkelium (A: green, B: blue, C: red)|alt=Sequential layers of spheres arranged from top to bottom: GRGBGRGB (G=green, R=red, B=blue)]]

Berkelium is a soft, silvery-white, radioactive [[actinide]] metal. In the [[periodic table]], it is located to the right of the actinide [[curium]], to the left of the actinide [[californium]] and below the lanthanide [[terbium]] with which it shares many similarities in physical and chemical properties. Its density of 14.78 g/cm3 lies between those of curium (13.52 g/cm3) and californium (15.1 g/cm3), as does its melting point of 986 °C, below that of curium (1340 °C) but higher than that of californium (900 °C).<ref name=CRC/> Berkelium is relatively soft and has one of the lowest [[bulk modulus|bulk moduli]] among the actinides, at about 20 [[Pascal (unit)|GPa]] (2{{e|10}} Pa).<ref name=pressure/>

Berkelium(III) ions shows two sharp [[fluorescence]] peaks at 652 [[nanometer]]s (red light) and 742 nanometers (deep red – near infrared) due to internal transitions at the [[Electron configuration|f-electron shell]]. The relative intensity of these peaks depends on the excitation power and temperature of the sample. This emission can be observed, for example, after dispersing berkelium ions in a silicate glass, by melting the glass in presence of berkelium oxide or halide.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Assefa|first1=Z.|last2=Haire|first2=R.G.|last3=Stump|first3=N.A.|title=Emission profile of Bk(III) in a silicate matrix: anomalous dependence on excitation power|journal=Journal of Alloys and Compounds|volume=271-273|pages=854|year=1998|doi=10.1016/S0925-8388(98)00233-3}}</ref><ref>Rita Cornelis, Joe Caruso, Helen Crews, Klaus Heumann [http://books.google.com/books?id=1PmjurlE6KkC&pg=PA553 Handbook of elemental speciation II: species in the environment, food, medicine & occupational health. Volume 2 of Handbook of Elemental Speciation], John Wiley and Sons, 2005, ISBN 0-470-85598-3 p. 553</ref>

Between 70 K and room temperature, berkelium behaves as a [[Curie–Weiss law|Curie–Weiss]] paramagnetic material with an effective magnetic moment of 9.69 [[Bohr magneton]]s (µB) and a [[Curie temperature]] of 101 K. This magnetic moment is almost equal to the theoretical value of 9.72 µB calculated within the simple atomic [[Angular momentum coupling|L-S coupling model]]. Upon cooling to about 34 K, berkelium undergoes a transition to an [[antiferromagnetism|antiferromagnetic]] state.{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=45}} [[Enthalpy change of solution|Enthalpy of dissolution]] in [[hydrochloric acid]] at standard conditions is −600 kJ/mol−1, from which the [[Standard enthalpy change of formation (data table)|standard enthalpy change of formation]] (Δf''H''°) of aqueous Bk3+ ions is obtained as −601 kJ/mol−1. The [[standard potential]] Bk3+/Bk0 is −2.01 V.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Fuger|first1=J|title=A new determination of the enthalpy of solution of berkelium metal and the standard enthalpy of formation of Bk3+ (aq)|journal=Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry|volume=43|pages=3209|year=1981|doi=10.1016/0022-1902(81)80090-5|issue=12|last2=Haire|first2=R.G.|last3=Peterson|first3=J.R.}}</ref> The [[Ionization energy|ionization potential]] of a neutral berkelium atom is 6.23 eV.{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=34}}

===Allotropes===
At ambient conditions, berkelium assumes its most stable α form which has a [[hexagonal]] symmetry, [[space group]] ''P63/mmc'', lattice parameters of 341 [[picometer|pm]] and 1107 pm. The crystal has a double-[[Close-packing of spheres|hexagonal close packing]] structure with the layer sequence ABAC and so is [[isotypic]] (having a similar structure) with α-lanthanum and α-forms of actinides beyond curium.<ref name = "Peterson" /> This crystal structure changes with pressure and temperature. When compressed at room temperature to 7 GPa, α-berkelium transforms to the beta modification, which has a [[Cubic crystal system|face-centered cubic]] (''fcc'') symmetry and space group ''Fm{{overline|3}}m''. This transition occurs without change in volume, but the [[enthalpy]] increases by 3.66 kJ/mol.{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=44}} Upon further compression to 25 GPa, berkelium transforms to an [[Orthorhombic crystal system|orthorhombic]] γ-berkelium structure similar to that of α-uranium. This transition is accompanied by a 12% volume decrease and delocalization of the electrons at the [[electron shell|5f electron shell]].<ref name=pressure2/> No further phase transitions are observed up to 57 GPa.<ref name=pressure>{{cite journal|last1=Benedict|first1=U|title=Study of actinide metals and actinide compounds under high pressures|journal=Journal of the Less Common Metals|volume=100|pages=153|year=1984|doi=10.1016/0022-5088(84)90061-4}}</ref><ref>Young, David A. [http://books.google.com/books?id=F2HVYh6wLBcC&pg=PA228 Phase diagrams of the elements], University of California Press, 1991, ISBN 0-520-07483-1 p. 228</ref>

Upon heating, α-berkelium transforms into another phase with an ''fcc'' lattice (but slightly different from β-berkelium), space group ''Fm{{overline|3}}m'' and the lattice constant of 500 pm; this ''fcc'' structure is equivalent to the closest packing with the sequence ABC. This phase is metastable and will gradually revert to the original α-berkelium phase at [[room temperature]].<ref name="Peterson"/> The temperature of the phase transition is believed to be quite close to the melting point.<ref name="H&P"/><ref name="Fahey">{{cite journal|last1 = Fahey|first1 = J. A.|last2 = Peterson|first2 = J. R.|last3 = Baybarz|first3 = R. D.|year = 1972|title = Some properties of berkelium metal and the apparent trend toward divalent character in the transcurium actinide metals|journal = Inorg. Nucl. Chem. Lett.|volume = 8|issue = 1|pages = 101–7|doi = 10.1016/0020-1650(72)80092-8}}</ref><ref name="Ward">{{cite journal|last1 = Ward|first1 = John W.|last2 = Kleinschmidt|first2 = Phillip D.|last3 = Haire|first3 = Richard G.|year = 1982|title = Vapor pressure and thermodynamics of Bk-249 metal|journal = J. Chem. Phys.|volume = 77|issue = 3|pages = 1464–68|doi = 10.1063/1.443975|bibcode = 1982JChPh..77.1464W }}</ref>

===Chemical===
Like all [[actinide]]s, berkelium dissolves in various aqueous inorganic acids, liberating gaseous [[hydrogen]] and converting into the berkelium(III) state. This [[trivalent]] [[oxidation state]] (+3) is the most stable, especially in aqueous solutions, but [[tetravalent]] (+4) and possibly [[divalent]] (+2) berkelium compounds are also known. The existence of divalent berkelium salts is uncertain and has only been reported in mixed [[lanthanum chloride]]-[[strontium chloride]] melts.{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=55}}<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Sullivan|first1=Jim C.|last2=Schmidt|first2=K. H.|last3=Morss|first3=L. R.|last4=Pippin|first4=C. G.|last5=Williams|first5=C.|title=Pulse radiolysis studies of berkelium(III): preparation and identification of berkelium(II) in aqueous perchlorate media|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|volume=27|pages=597|year=1988|doi=10.1021/ic00277a005|issue=4}}</ref> A similar behavior is observed for the lanthanide analogue of berkelium, [[terbium]].<ref name=c1/> Aqueous solutions of Bk3+ ions are green in most acids. The color of Bk4+ ions is yellow in [[hydrochloric acid]] and orange-yellow in [[sulfuric acid]].{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=55}}{{sfn|Holleman|2007|p=1956}}{{sfn|Greenwood|1997|p=1265}} Berkelium does not react rapidly with [[oxygen]] at room temperature, possibly due to the formation of a protective oxide layer surface. However, it reacts with molten metals, [[hydrogen]], [[halogen]]s, [[chalcogen]]s and [[pnictogen]]s to form various binary compounds.{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=45}}<ref name="H&P"/>

===Isotopes===
{{main|Isotopes of berkelium}}
About twenty isotopes and six [[nuclear isomer]]s (excited states of an isotope) of berkelium have been characterized with the atomic numbers ranging from 235 to 254. All of them are radioactive. The longest [[half-life|half-lives]] are observed for 247Bk (1,380 years), 248Bk (9 years) and 249Bk (330 days); the half-lives of the other isotopes range from microseconds to several days. The isotope which is the easiest to synthesize is berkelium-249. This emits mostly soft [[Beta decay|β-particles]] which are inconvenient for detection. Its [[alpha radiation]] is rather weak – 1.45{{e|-3}}% with respect to the β-radiation – but is sometimes used to detect this isotope. The second important berkelium isotope, berkelium-247, is an alpha-emitter, as are most actinide isotopes.<ref name="TBE">{{cite book|author = B. Myasoedov ''et al.''|title = Analytical chemistry of transplutonium elements| place =Moscow|publisher = Nauka|year = 1972|isbn = 0-470-62715-8}}</ref><ref name="nubase">{{cite journal|last1=Audi|first1=G|doi=10.1016/S0375-9474(97)00482-X|title=The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties|year=1997|pages=1|volume=624|journal=Nuclear Physics A|url=http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/amdc/nubase/Nubase2003.pdf|bibcode=1997NuPhA.624....1A|last2=Bersillon|first2=O.|last3=Blachot|first3=J.|last4=Wapstra|first4=A.H.}}</ref>

===Occurrence===
All berkelium isotopes have a half-life far too short to be [[primordial nuclide|primordial]]. Therefore, all primordial berkelium, that is, berkelium present on the Earth during its formation, has decayed by now.

On Earth, berkelium is mostly concentrated in certain areas, which were used for the atmospheric [[nuclear weapons testing|nuclear weapons tests]] between 1945 and 1980, as well as at the sites of nuclear incidents, such as the [[Chernobyl disaster]], [[Three Mile Island accident]] and [[1968 Thule Air Base B-52 crash]]. Analysis of the debris at the testing site of the first U.S. [[hydrogen bomb]], [[Ivy Mike]], (1 November 1952, [[Enewetak Atoll]]), revealed high concentrations of various actinides, including berkelium. For reasons of military secrecy, this result was published only in 1956.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Fields|first1=P. R.|last2=Studier|first2=M. H.|last3=Diamond|first3=H.|last4=Mech|first4=J. F.|last5=Inghram|first5=M. G.|last6=Pyle|first6=G. L.|last7=Stevens|first7=C. M.|last8=Fried|first8=S.|last9=Manning|first9=W. M.|last10=Ghiorso|first10=A.|last11=Thompson|first11=S. G.|last12=Higgins|first12=G. H.|last13=Seaborg|first13=G. T.|displayauthors=3|title=Transplutonium Elements in Thermonuclear Test Debris|year=1956|journal=Physical Review|volume=102|issue=1|pages=180–182|doi=10.1103/PhysRev.102.180|bibcode=1956PhRv..102..180F}}</ref>

Nuclear reactors produce mostly, among the berkelium isotopes, berkelium-249. During the storage and before the fuel disposal, most of it [[beta decay]]s to californium-249. The latter has a half-life of 351 years, which is relatively long when compared to the other isotopes produced in the reactor,<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/chart/|author = NNDC contributors|editor = Alejandro A. Sonzogni (Database Manager)|title = Chart of Nuclides|publisher = National Nuclear Data Center, [[Brookhaven National Laboratory]]|accessdate = 2010-03-01|year = 2008|location = Upton, New York|ref = CITEREFNNDC2008}}</ref> and is therefore undesirable in the disposal products.

A few atoms of berkelium can be produced by [[Neutron capture|neutron capture reactions]] and [[beta decay]] in very highly concentrated [[uranium]]-bearing deposits, thus making it the rarest naturally occurring element.<ref name="emsley">{{cite book|last=Emsley|first=John|title=Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements|edition=New|year=2011|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-0-19-960563-7|page=58}}</ref>

==History==
[[File:Glenn Seaborg - 1964.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Glenn T. Seaborg]]
[[File:Berkeley 60-inch cyclotron.gif|thumb|left|upright|The 60-inch cyclotron at the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, in August 1939|alt=Black-and-white picture of heavy machinery with two operators sitting aside]]
[[File:The University of California Berkeley 1868.svg|thumb|left|upright|Berkelium is named after UC Berkeley|alt=The Seal of the University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley)]]

Although very small amounts of berkelium were possibly produced in previous nuclear experiments, it was [[discoveries of the chemical elements|first intentionally synthesized]], isolated and identified in December 1949 by [[Glenn T. Seaborg]], [[Albert Ghiorso]] and [[Stanley G. Thompson]]. They used the 60-inch [[cyclotron]] at the [[University of California, Berkeley]]. Similar to the nearly simultaneous discovery of [[americium]] (element 95) and [[curium]] (element 96) in 1944, the new elements berkelium and [[californium]] (element 98) were both produced in 1949–1950.<ref name=c1>{{cite journal|doi=10.2172/932812|last1=Thompson|year=1950|first1=Stanley G.|last2=Seaborg|first2=Glenn T.|url=http://www.osti.gov/bridge/purl.cover.jsp?purl=/932812-Rk9Mcq/|title=Chemical Properties of Berkelium}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Thompson|first1=S.|last2=Ghiorso|first2=A.|last3=Seaborg|first3=G.|title=Element 97|journal=Physical Review|volume=77|pages=838|year=1950|doi=10.1103/PhysRev.77.838.2|issue=6|bibcode = 1950PhRv...77..838T }}</ref><ref name="E97">{{cite journal|last1=Thompson|first1=S.|last2=Ghiorso|first2=A.|last3=Seaborg|first3=G.|title=The New Element Berkelium (Atomic Number 97)|doi=10.1103/PhysRev.80.781|year=1950|pages=781|volume=80|journal=Physical Review|url=http://www.osti.gov/accomplishments/documents/fullText/ACC0045.pdf|issue=5|bibcode = 1950PhRv...80..781T }} [http://www.osti.gov/cgi-bin/rd_accomplishments/display_biblio.cgi?id=ACC0045&numPages=38&fp=N Abstract]</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Thompson|first1=S. G.|last2=Cunningham|first2=B. B.|last3=Seaborg|first3=G. T.|journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society|volume=72|pages=2798|year=1950|doi=10.1021/ja01162a538|issue=6}}</ref>

The name choice for element 97 followed the previous tradition of the Californian group to draw an analogy between the newly discovered [[actinide]] and the [[lanthanide]] element positioned above it in the [[periodic table]]. Previously, americium was named after a continent as its analogue [[europium]], and curium honored scientists [[Marie Curie|Marie]] and [[Pierre Curie]] as the lanthanide above it, [[gadolinium]], was named after the explorer of the [[rare earth element]]s [[Johan Gadolin]]. Thus the discovery report by the Berkeley group reads: "It is suggested that element 97 be given the name berkelium (symbol Bk) after the city of Berkeley in a manner similar to that used in naming its chemical homologue [[terbium]] (atomic number 65) whose name was derived from the town of [[Ytterby]], [[Sweden]], where the rare earth minerals were first found."<ref name="E97"/> This tradition ended on berkelium, though, as the naming of the next discovered actinide, [[californium]], was not related to its lanthanide analogue [[dysprosium]], but after the discovery place.<ref>{{cite book|last = Heiserman|first = David L.|year = 1992|title = Exploring Chemical Elements and their Compounds|publisher = TAB Books|isbn = 0-8306-3018-X|chapter = Element 98: Californium|ref = CITEREFHeiserman1992|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=24l-Cpal9oIC|page=347}}</ref>

The most difficult steps in the synthesis of berkelium were its separation from the final products and the production of sufficient quantities of americium for the target material. First, americium (241Am) [[nitrate]] solution was coated on a [[platinum]] foil, the solution was evaporated and the residue converted by annealing to [[americium dioxide]] (AmO2). This target was irradiated with 35 MeV [[alpha particle]]s for 6 hours in the 60-inch cyclotron at the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley. The (α,2n) reaction induced by the irradiation yielded the 243Bk isotope and two free [[neutron]]s:<ref name="E97"/>

:<math>\mathrm{^{241}_{\ 95}Am\ +\ ^{4}_{2}He\ \longrightarrow \ ^{243}_{\ 97}Bk\ +\ 2\ ^{1}_{0}n}</math>

After the irradiation, the coating was dissolved with [[nitric acid]] and then precipitated as the [[hydroxide]] using concentrated aqueous [[ammonium hydroxide|ammonia solution]]. The product was [[centrifugation|centrifugated]] and re-dissolved in nitric acid. To separate berkelium from the unreacted americium, this solution was added to a mixture of [[ammonium]] and [[ammonium sulfate]] and heated to convert all the dissolved americium into the [[oxidation state]] +6. Unoxidized residual americium was precipitated by the addition of [[hydrofluoric acid]] as americium(III) [[fluoride]] ({{chem|AmF|3}}). This step yielded a mixture of the accompanying product curium and the expected element 97 in form of trifluorides. The mixture was converted to the corresponding hydroxides by treating it with [[potassium hydroxide]], and after centrifugation, was dissolved in [[perchloric acid]].<ref name="E97"/>

[[File:Elutionskurven Tb Gd Eu und Bk Cm Am.png|thumb|[[Chromatography|Chromatographic]] [[elution]] curves revealing the similarity between the lanthanides [[terbium]] (Tb), [[gadolinium]] (Gd), and [[europium]] (Eu) and their corresponding actinides berkelium (Bk), [[curium]] (Cm), and [[americium]] (Am)<ref name = "E97"/>|alt=Graphs showing similar elution curves (metal amount vs drops) for (top vs bottom) terbium vs berkelium, gadolinium vs curium, europium vs americium]]
Further separation was carried out in the presence of a [[citric acid]]/[[ammonium]] [[buffer solution]] in a weakly acidic medium ([[pH]]≈3.5), using [[ion exchange]] at elevated temperature. The [[chromatography|chromatographic]] separation behavior was then unknown for the element 97, but was anticipated by analogy with terbium (see elution curves). First results were disappointing as no alpha-particle emission signature could be detected from the elution product. Only the further search for [[K-alpha|characteristic X-rays]] and [[Internal conversion|conversion electron]] signals resulted in the identification of a berkelium isotope. Its [[mass number]] was uncertain between 243 and 244 in the initial report,<ref name=c1/> but was later established as 243.<ref name = "E97"/>

==Synthesis and extraction==

===Preparation of isotopes===
Berkelium is produced by bombarding lighter actinides [[uranium]] (238U) or [[plutonium]] (239Pu) with [[neutron]]s in a [[nuclear reactor]]. In a more common case of uranium fuel, plutonium is produced first by [[neutron capture]] (the so-called (n,γ) reaction or neutron fusion) followed by beta-decay:<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Thompson|first1=S.|last2=Ghiorso|first2=A.|last3=Harvey|first3=B.|last4=Choppin|first4=G.|title=Transcurium Isotopes Produced in the Neutron Irradiation of Plutonium|journal=Physical Review|volume=93|pages=908|year=1954|doi=10.1103/PhysRev.93.908|issue=4|bibcode = 1954PhRv...93..908T }}</ref>

:<math>\mathrm{^{238}_{\ 92}U\ \xrightarrow {(n,\gamma)} \ ^{239}_{\ 92}U\ \xrightarrow [23.5 \ min]{\beta^-} \ ^{239}_{\ 93}Np\ \xrightarrow [2.3565 \ d]{\beta^-} \ ^{239}_{\ 94}Pu}</math> (the times are [[half-life|half-lives]])

Plutonium-239 is further irradiated by a source that has a high [[neutron flux]], several times higher than a conventional nuclear reactor, such as the 85-megawatt [[High Flux Isotope Reactor]] (HFIR) at the [[Oak Ridge National Laboratory]] in Tennessee, USA. The higher flux promotes fusion reactions involving not one but several neutrons, converting 239Pu to 244Cm and then to 249Cm:
:<math>\mathrm{^{239}_{\ 94}Pu\ \xrightarrow {4(n,\gamma)} \ ^{243}_{\ 94}Pu\ \xrightarrow [4.956 \ h]{\beta^-} \ ^{243}_{\ 95}Am\ \xrightarrow {(n,\gamma)} \ ^{244}_{\ 95}Am\ \xrightarrow [10.1 \ h]{\beta^-} \ ^{244}_{\ 96}Cm} \quad; \quad \mathrm{^{244}_{\ 96}Cm\ \xrightarrow {5(n,\gamma)} \ ^{249}_{\ 96}Cm}</math>

Curium-249 has a short half-life of 64 minutes, and thus its further conversion to 250Cm has a low probability. Instead, it transforms by beta-decay into 249Bk:<ref name="nubase"/>
:<math>\mathrm{^{249}_{\ 96}Cm\ \xrightarrow [64.15 \ min]{\beta^-} \ ^{249}_{\ 97}Bk\ \xrightarrow [330 \ d]{\beta^-} \ ^{249}_{\ 98}Cf}</math>

The thus-produced 249Bk has a long half-life of 330 days and thus can capture another neutron. However, the product, 250Bk, again has a relatively short half-life of 3.212 hours and thus, does not yield any heavier berkelium isotopes. Instead decays to the californium isotope 250Cf:<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Magnusson|first1=L.|last2=Studier|first2=M.|last3=Fields|first3=P.|last4=Stevens|first4=C.|last5=Mech|first5=J.|last6=Friedman|first6=A.|last7=Diamond|first7=H.|last8=Huizenga|first8=J.|title=Berkelium and Californium Isotopes Produced in Neutron Irradiation of Plutonium|journal=Physical Review|volume=96|pages=1576|year=1954|doi=10.1103/PhysRev.96.1576|issue=6|bibcode = 1954PhRv...96.1576M }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Eastwood|first1=T.|last2=Butler|first2=J.|last3=Cabell|first3=M.|last4=Jackson|first4=H.|last5=Schuman|first5=R.|last6=Rourke|first6=F.|last7=Collins|first7=T.|title=Isotopes of Berkelium and Californium Produced by Neutron Irradiation of Plutonium|journal=Physical Review|volume=107|pages=1635|year=1957|doi=10.1103/PhysRev.107.1635|issue=6|bibcode = 1957PhRv..107.1635E }}</ref>
:<math>\mathrm{^{249}_{\ 97}Bk\ \xrightarrow {(n,\gamma)} \ ^{250}_{\ 97}Bk\ \xrightarrow [3.212 \ h]{\beta^-} \ ^{250}_{\ 98}Cf}</math>

Although 247Bk is the most stable isotope of berkelium, its production in nuclear reactors is very inefficient due to the long half-life of its potential progenitor curium-247, which does not allow it sufficient time to beta decay before capturing another neutron. Thus, 249Bk is the most accessible isotope of berkelium, which still, is available only in small quantities (only 0.66 grams have been produced in the US over the period 1967–1983{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=30}}) at a high price of the order 185 [[United States dollar|USD]] per microgram.<ref name=CRC>Hammond C. R. "The elements" in {{RubberBible86th}}</ref>

The isotope 248Bk was first obtained in 1956 by bombarding a mixture of curium isotopes with 25 MeV α-particles. Although its direct detection was hindered by strong signal interference with 245Bk, the existence of a new isotope was proven by the growth of the decay product 248Cf which had been previously characterized. The half-life of 248Cf was estimated as 23 ± 5 hours and a more reliable value still is not known.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Hulet|first1=E.|title=New Isotope of Berkelium|journal=Physical Review|volume=102|pages=182|year=1956|doi=10.1103/PhysRev.102.182|bibcode = 1956PhRv..102..182H }}</ref> Berkelium-247 was produced during the same year by irradiating 244Cm with alpha-particles:<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Milsted|first1=J|title=The alpha half-life of berkelium-247; a new long-lived isomer of berkelium-248|journal=Nuclear Physics|volume=71|pages=299|year=1965|doi=10.1016/0029-5582(65)90719-4|issue=2|bibcode = 1965NucPh..71..299M|last2=Friedman|first2=A.M.|last3=Stevens|first3=C.M. }}</ref>
:<math>\mathrm{^{244}_{\ 96}Cm\ \xrightarrow[]{(\alpha,n)} \ ^{247}_{\ 98}Cf\ \xrightarrow[3.11 \ h]{\epsilon} \ ^{247}_{\ 97}Bk}</math>
:<math>\mathrm{^{244}_{\ 96}Cm\ \xrightarrow[]{(\alpha,p)} \ ^{247}_{\ 97}Bk}</math>

Berkelium-242 was synthesized in 1979 by bombarding 235U with 11B, 238U with 10B, 232Th with 14N or 232Th with 15N. It converts by [[electron capture]] to 242Cm with a half-life of 7.0 ± 1.3 minutes. A search for an initially suspected isotope 241Bk was then unsuccessful;<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Williams|first1=Kimberly|last2=Seaborg|first2=Glenn|title=New isotope 242Bk|journal=Physical Review C|volume=19|pages=1794|year=1979|doi=10.1103/PhysRevC.19.1794|bibcode = 1979PhRvC..19.1794W|issue=5 }}</ref> 241Bk has since been synthesized.<ref name="nucleonica">{{cite web |url=http://www.nucleonica.net/unc.aspx |title=Nucleonica: Universal Nuclide Chart |author=Nucleonica |date=2007–2011 |work=Nucleonica: Universal Nuclide Chart |publisher=Nucleonica |accessdate=July 22, 2011}}</ref>
:<math>\mathrm{^{235}_{\ 92}U\ +\ ^{11}_{\ 5}B\ \longrightarrow \ ^{242}_{\ 97}Bk\ +\ 4\ ^{1}_{0}n \quad ; \quad ^{232}_{\ 90}Th\ +\ ^{14}_{\ 7}N\ \longrightarrow \ ^{242}_{\ 97}Bk\ +\ 4\ ^{1}_{0}n}</math>
:<math>\mathrm{^{238}_{\ 92}U\ +\ ^{10}_{\ 5}B\ \longrightarrow \ ^{242}_{\ 97}Bk\ +\ 6\ ^{1}_{0}n \quad ; \quad ^{232}_{\ 90}Th\ +\ ^{15}_{\ 7}N\ \longrightarrow \ ^{242}_{\ 97}Bk\ +\ 5\ ^{1}_{0}n}</math>

===Separation===
The fact that berkelium readily assumes [[oxidation state]] +4 in solids, and is relatively stable in this state in liquids greatly assists separation of berkelium away from many other actinides. These are inevitably produced in relatively large amounts during the nuclear synthesis and often favor the +3 state. This fact was not yet known in the initial experiments, which used a more complex separation procedure. Various oxidation agents can be applied to the berkelium(III) solutions to convert it to the +4 state, such as [[bromate]]s ({{chem|BrO|3|-}}), [[bismuthate]]s ({{chem|BiO|3|-}}), [[chromate]]s ({{chem|CrO|4|2-}} and Cr{{su|b=2}}O{{su|b=7|p=2−}}), silver(I) thiolate ({{chem|Ag|2|S|2|O|8}}), lead(IV) oxide ({{chem|PbO|2}}), [[ozone]] ({{chem|O|3}}), or photochemical oxidation procedures. Berkelium(IV) is then extracted with [[ion exchange]], extraction [[chromatography]] or liquid-liquid extraction using HDEHP (bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric scid), [[amine]]s, [[tributyl phosphate]] or various other reagents. These procedures separate berkelium from most trivalent actinides and [[lanthanide]]s, except for the lanthanide [[cerium]] (lanthanides are absent in the irradiation target but are created in various [[nuclear fission]] decay chains).{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=32}}

A more detailed procedure adopted at the [[Oak Ridge National Laboratory]] was as follows: the initial mixture of actinides is processed with ion exchange using [[lithium chloride]] reagent, then precipitated as [[hydroxide]]s, filtered and dissolved in nitric acid. It is then treated with high-pressure [[elution]] from [[Ion exchange|cation exchange]] resins, and the berkelium phase is oxidized and extracted using one of the procedures described above.{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=32}} Reduction of the thus-obtained berkelium(IV) to the +3 oxidation state yields a solution, which is nearly free from other actinides (but contains cerium). Berkelium and cerium are then separated with another round of ion-exchange treatment.{{sfn|Peterson|1984|pp=33–34}}

===Bulk metal preparation===
In order to characterize chemical and physical properties of solid berkelium and its compounds, a program was initiated in 1952 at the [[Idaho National Laboratory|Material Testing Reactor]], [[Arco, Idaho]], US. It resulted in preparation of an eight-gram plutonium-239 target and in the first production of macroscopic quantities (0.6 micrograms) of berkelium by [[Burris B. Cunningham]] and [[Stanley G. Thompson]] in 1958, after a continuous reactor irradiation of this target for six years.{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=30}}<ref>S. G. Thompson, BB Cunningham: "First Macroscopic Observations of the Chemical Properties of Berkelium and californium," supplement to Paper P/825 presented at the Second International Conference on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Geneva, 1958</ref> This irradiation method was and still is the only way of producing weighable amounts of the element, and most solid-state studies of berkelium have been conducted on microgram or submicrogram-sized samples.<ref name="H&P">{{cite book|first1 = David E.|last1 = Hobart|first2 = Joseph R.|last2 = Peterson|contribution = Berkelium|title = The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements|editor1-first = Lester R.|editor1-last = Morss|editor2-first = Norman M.|editor2-last = Edelstein|editor3-first = Jean|editor3-last = Fuger|edition = 3rd|year = 2006|volume = 3|publisher = Springer|location = Dordrecht, the Netherlands|pages = 1444–98|url = http://radchem.nevada.edu/classes/rdch710/files/berkelium.pdf|doi = 10.1007/1-4020-3598-5_10}}</ref>{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=38}}

The world's major irradiation sources are the 85-megawatt High Flux Isotope Reactor at the [[Oak Ridge National Laboratory]] in Tennessee, USA,<ref>{{cite web|title = High Flux Isotope Reactor|url = http://neutrons.ornl.gov/facilities/HFIR/|publisher = Oak Ridge National Laboratory|accessdate = 2010-09-23}}</ref> and the SM-2 loop reactor at the [[Research Institute of Atomic Reactors]] (NIIAR) in [[Dimitrovgrad, Russia]],<ref>{{cite web|title = Радионуклидные источники и препараты|url = http://www.niiar.ru/?q=radioisotope_application|publisher = Research Institute of Atomic Reactors|accessdate = 2010-09-26}}</ref> which are both dedicated to the production of transcurium elements (atomic number greater than 96). These facilities have similar power and flux levels, and are expected to have comparable production capacities for transcurium elements,<ref name="Es">{{cite book|first = Richard G.|last = Haire|contribution = Einsteinium|title = The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements|editor1-first = Lester R.|editor1-last = Morss|editor2-first = Norman M.|editor2-last = Edelstein|editor3-first = Jean|editor3-last = Fuger|edition = 3rd|year = 2006|volume = 3|publisher = Springer|location = Dordrecht, the Netherlands|pages = 1577–1620|url = http://radchem.nevada.edu/classes/rdch710/files/einsteinium.pdf|doi = 10.1007/1-4020-3598-5_12}}</ref> although the quantities produced at NIIAR are not publicly reported. In a "typical processing campaign" at Oak Ridge, tens of grams of [[curium]] are irradiated to produce [[decigram]] quantities of [[californium]], [[milligram]] quantities of berkelium-249 and [[einsteinium]], and [[picogram]] quantities of [[fermium]].{{sfn|Greenwood|1997|p=1262}}<ref>{{cite journal|first1 = C. E.|last1 = Porter|first2 = F. D., Jr.|last2 = Riley|first3 = R. D.|last3 = Vandergrift|first4 = L. K.|last4 = Felker|title = Fermium Purification Using Teva Resin Extraction Chromatography|journal = Sep. Sci. Technol.|volume = 32|issue = 1–4|year = 1997|pages = 83–92|doi = 10.1080/01496399708003188}}</ref> In total, just over one gram of berkelium-249 has been produced at Oak Ridge since 1967.<ref name="H&P"/>

The first berkelium metal sample weighing 1.7 micrograms was prepared in 1971 by the reduction of [[berkelium(III) fluoride]] with [[lithium]] vapor at 1000 °C; the fluoride was suspended on a tungsten wire above a [[tantalum]] crucible containing molten lithium. Later, metal samples weighting up to 0.5 milligrams were obtained with this method.<ref name="Peterson">{{cite journal|last1 = Peterson|first1 = J. R.|last2 = Fahey|first2 = J. A.|last3 = Baybarz|first3 = R. D.|year = 1971|title = The crystal structures and lattice parameters of berkelium metal|journal = J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem.|volume = 33|issue = 10|pages = 3345–51|doi = 10.1016/0022-1902(71)80656-5}}</ref>{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=41}}
:<math>\mathrm{BkF_3\ +\ 3\ Li\ \longrightarrow \ Bk\ +\ 3\ LiF}</math>

Similar results are obtained with berkelium(IV) fluoride.<ref name=pressure2>{{cite journal|last1=Itie|first1=J P|last2=Peterson|first2=J R|last3=Haire|first3=R G|last4=Dufour|first4=C|last5=Benedict|first5=U|journal=Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics|volume=15|pages=L213|year=1985|doi=10.1088/0305-4608/15/9/001|title=Delocalisation of 5f electrons in berkelium-californium alloys under pressure|issue=9|bibcode = 1985JPhF...15L.213I }}</ref> Berkelium metal can also be produced by the reduction of berkelium(IV) oxide with [[thorium]] or [[lanthanum]].{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=41}}<ref>{{cite journal|last1 = Spirlet|first1 = J. C.|last2 = Peterson|first2 = J. R.|last3 = Asprey|first3 = L. B.|year = 1987|title = Preparation and Purification of Actinide Metals|journal = Adv. Inorg. Chem.|volume = 31|pages = 1–41|doi = 10.1016/S0898-8838(08)60220-2|series = Advances in Inorganic Chemistry|isbn = 9780120236312}}</ref>

==Compounds==
{{main|Compounds of berkelium}}

===Oxides===
Two oxides of berkelium are known, with the berkelium [[oxidation]] state of +3 (Bk2O3) and +4 (BkO2).<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Peterson|first1=J|title=Crystal structures and lattice parameters of the compounds of berkelium I. Berkelium dioxide and cubic berkelium sesquioxide|journal=Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry Letters|volume=3|pages=327|year=1967|doi=10.1016/0020-1650(67)80037-0|issue=9|last2=Cunningham|first2=B.B.}}</ref> Berkelium(IV) oxide is a brown solid,<ref name="BK_OX">{{cite journal|last1=Baybarz|first1=R.D.|title=The berkelium oxide system|journal=Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry|volume=30|pages=1769|year=1968|doi=10.1016/0022-1902(68)80352-5|issue=7}}</ref> while berkelium(III) oxide is a yellow-green solid with a melting point of 1920 °C{{sfn|Holleman|2007|p=1972}}<ref name="BK_OX"/> and is formed from BkO2 by [[redox|reduction]] with molecular [[hydrogen]]:
:<math>\mathrm{2\ BkO_2\ +\ H_2\ \longrightarrow \ Bk_2O_3\ +\ H_2O}</math>

Upon heating to 1200 °C, the oxide Bk2O3 undergoes a phase change; it undergoes another phase change at 1750 °C. Such three-phase behavior is typical for the actinide [[sesquioxides]]. Berkelium(II) oxide, BkO, has been reported as a brittle gray solid but its exact chemical composition remains uncertain.{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=51}}

===Halides===
In [[halide]]s, berkelium assumes the oxidation states +3 and +4.{{sfn|Holleman|2007|p=1969}} The +3 state is the most stable, especially in solutions, while the tetravalent halides BkF4 and Cs2BkCl6 are only known in the solid phase.{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=47}} The coordination of berkelium atom in its trivalent fluoride and chloride is tricapped [[Octahedral molecular geometry#Trigonal prismatic geometry|trigonal prismatic]], with the [[coordination number]] of 9. In trivalent bromide, it is bicapped trigonal prismatic (coordination 8) or [[Octahedral molecular geometry|octahedral]] (coordination 6),<ref name=conv/> and in the iodide it is octahedral.{{sfn|Greenwood|1997|p=1270}}

{| Class = "wikitable" style ="float:right; text-align: center; text-size:90%"
|-
! Oxidation number
! F
! Cl
! Br
! I
|-
! +3
| BkF3 (yellow{{sfn|Greenwood|1997|p=1270}})
| BkCl3 (green{{sfn|Greenwood|1997|p=1270}}) Cs2NaBkCl6{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=48}}
| BkBr3<ref name=conv>{{cite journal|last1=Young|first1=J. P.|last2=Haire|first2=R. G.|last3=Peterson|first3=J. R.|last4=Ensor|first4=D. D.|last5=Fellows|first5=R. L.|title=Chemical consequences of radioactive decay. 1. Study of californium-249 ingrowth into crystalline berkelium-249 tribromide: a new crystalline phase of californium tribromide|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|volume=19|pages=2209|year=1980|doi=10.1021/ic50210a003|issue=8}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Burns|first1=J|title=Crystallographic studies of some transuranic trihalides: 239PuCl3, 244CmBr3, 249BkBr3 and 249CfBr3|journal=Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry|volume=37|pages=743|year=1975|doi=10.1016/0022-1902(75)80532-X|issue=3|last2=Peterson|first2=J.R.|last3=Stevenson|first3=J.N.}}</ref> (yellow-green{{sfn|Greenwood|1997|p=1270}})
| BkI3 (yellow{{sfn|Greenwood|1997|p=1270}})
|-
! +4
| BkF4 (yellow{{sfn|Greenwood|1997|p=1270}})
| Cs2BkCl6 (orange{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=51}})
|
|
|}

Berkelium(IV) fluoride (BkF4) is a yellow-green ionic solid and is isotypic with [[uranium tetrafluoride]] or [[zirconium(IV) fluoride]].{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=48}}<ref name="BKF_3_4"/><ref name=f1>{{cite journal|last1=Keenan|first1=Thomas K.|last2=Asprey|first2=Larned B.|title=Lattice constants of actinide tetrafluorides including berkelium|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|volume=8|pages=235|year=1969|doi=10.1021/ic50072a011|issue=2}}</ref> Berkelium(III) fluoride (BkF3) is also a yellow-green solid, but it has two crystalline structures. The most stable phase at low temperatures is isotypic with [[yttrium(III) fluoride]], while upon heating to between 350 and 600 °C, it transforms to the structure found in [[lanthanum(III) fluoride]].{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=48}}<ref name="BKF_3_4">{{cite journal|last1=Ensor|first1=D|title=Absorption spectrophotometric study of berkelium(III) and (IV) fluorides in the solid state|journal=Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry|volume=43|pages=1001|year=1981|doi=10.1016/0022-1902(81)80164-9|issue=5|last2=Peterson|first2=J.R.|last3=Haire|first3=R.G.|last4=Young|first4=J.P.}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Peterson|first1=J.R.|last2=Cunningham|first2=B.B.|title=Crystal structures and lattice parameters of the compounds of berkelium—IV berkelium trifluoride☆|journal=Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry|volume=30|pages=1775|year=1968|doi=10.1016/0022-1902(68)80353-7|issue=7}}</ref>

Visible amounts of berkelium(III) chloride (BkCl3) were first isolated and characterized in 1962, and weighed only 3 billionths of a [[gram]]. It can be prepared by introducing [[hydrogen chloride]] vapors into an evacuated quartz tube containing berkelium oxide at a temperature about 500 °C.<ref name=o1/> This green solid has a melting point of 600 °C,{{sfn|Holleman|2007|p=1969}} and is isotypic with [[uranium(III) chloride]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Peterson|first1=J.R.|last2=Cunningham|first2=B.B.|title=Crystal structures and lattice parameters of the compounds of berkelium—IIBerkelium trichloride|journal=Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry|volume=30|pages=823|year=1968|doi=10.1016/0022-1902(68)80443-9|issue=3}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Peterson|first1=J. R.|last2=Young|first2=J. P.|last3=Ensor|first3=D. D.|last4=Haire|first4=R. G.|title=Absorption spectrophotometric and x-ray diffraction studies of the trichlorides of berkelium-249 and californium-249|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|volume=25|pages=3779|year=1986|doi=10.1021/ic00241a015|issue=21}}</ref> Upon heating to nearly melting point, BkCl3 converts into an orthorhombic phase.{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=52}}

Two forms of berkelium(III) bromide are known: one with berkelium having coordination 6, and one with coordination 8.{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=38}} The latter is less stable and transforms to the former phase upon heating to about 350 °C. An important phenomenon for radioactive solids has been studied on these two crystal forms: the structure of fresh and aged 249BkBr3 samples was probed by [[X-ray diffraction]] over a period longer than 3 years, so that various fractions of berkelium-249 had [[beta decay]]ed to californium-249. No change in structure was observed upon the 249BkBr3—249CfBr3 transformation. However, other differences were noted for 249BkBr3 and 249CfBr3. For example, the latter could be reduced with hydrogen to 249CfBr2, but the former could not – this result was reproduced on individual 249BkBr3 and 249CfBr3 samples, as well on the samples containing both bromides.<ref name=conv/> The intergrowth of californium in berkelium occurs at a rate of 0.22% per day and is an intrinsic obstacle in studying berkelium properties. Beside a chemical contamination, 249Cf, being an alpha emitter, brings undesirable self-damage of the crystal lattice and the resulting self-heating. The chemical effect however can be avoided by performing measurements as a function of time and extrapolating the obtained results.{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=47}}

===Other inorganic compounds===
The [[pnictide]]s of berkelium-249 of the type BkX are known for the elements [[nitrogen]],<ref name=n1>{{cite journal|last1=Stevenson|first1=J|last2=Peterson|first2=J|title=Preparation and structural studies of elemental curium-248 and the nitrides of curium-248 and berkelium-249|journal=Journal of the Less Common Metals|volume=66|pages=201|year=1979|doi=10.1016/0022-5088(79)90229-7|issue=2}}</ref> [[phosphorus]], [[arsenic]] and [[antimony]]. They crystallize in the [[Cubic crystal system|rock-salt structure]] and are prepared by the reaction of either berkelium(III) hydride (BkH3) or metallic berkelium with these elements at elevated temperature (about 600 °C) under high vacuum.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Damien|first1=D.|last2=Haire|first2=R.G.|last3=Peterson|first3=J.R.|title=Preparation and lattice parameters of 249Bk monopnictides|journal=Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry|volume=42|pages=995|year=1980|doi=10.1016/0022-1902(80)80390-3|issue=7}}</ref>

Berkelium(III) sulfide, Bk2S3, is prepared by either treating berkelium oxide with a mixture of [[hydrogen sulfide]] and [[carbon disulfide]] vapors at 1130 °C, or by directly reacting metallic berkelium with elemental sulfur. These procedures yield brownish-black crystals.{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=53}}

Berkelium(III) and berkelium(IV) hydroxides are both stable in 1 [[Molar concentration|molar]] solutions of [[sodium hydroxide]]. Berkelium(III) [[phosphate]] (BkPO4) has been prepared as a solid, which shows strong [[fluorescence]] under excitation with a green light.{{sfn|Peterson|1984|pp=39–40}} Berkelium hydrides are produced by reacting metal with hydrogen gas at temperatures about 250 °C.<ref name=n1/> They are non-stoichiometric with the nominal formula BkH2+x (0 < x < 1).{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=53}} Several other salts of berkelium are known, including an oxysulfide (Bk2O2S), and hydrated [[nitrate]] ({{chem|Bk(NO|3|)|3|·4H|2|O}}), chloride ({{chem|BkCl|3|·6H|2|O}}), [[sulfate]] ({{chem|Bk|2|(SO|4|)|3|·12H|2|O}}) and [[oxalate]] ({{chem|Bk|2|(C|2|O|4|)|3|·4H|2|O}}).{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=47}} Thermal decomposition at about 600 °C in an [[argon]] atmosphere (to avoid oxidation to {{chem|BkO|2}}) of {{chem|Bk|2|(SO|4|)|3|·12H|2|O}} yields the crystals of berkelium(III) oxysulfate ({{chem|Bk|2|O|2|SO|4}}). This compound is thermally stable to at least 1000 °C in inert atmosphere.{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=54}}

===Organoberkelium compounds===
Berkelium forms a trigonal (η5–C5H5)3Bk [[metallocene]] complex with three [[Cyclopentadienyl complex|cyclopentadienyl]] rings, which can be synthesized by reacting berkelium(III) chloride with the molten beryllocene ([[beryllium|Be]](C5H5)2) at about 70 °C. It has an amber color and a density of 2.47 g/cm3. The complex is stable to heating to at least 250 °C, and sublimates without melting at about 350 °C. The high radioactivity of berkelium gradually destroys the compound (within a period of weeks).<ref name=o1>{{cite journal|last1=Laubereau|first1=Peter G.|last2=Burns|first2=John H.|title=Microchemical preparation of tricyclopentadienyl compounds of berkelium, californium, and some lanthanide elements|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|volume=9|pages=1091|year=1970|doi=10.1021/ic50087a018|issue=5}}</ref><ref>Christoph Elschenbroich ''Organometallic Chemistry'', 6th Edition, Wiesbaden 2008, ISBN 978-3-8351-0167-8, pp. 583–584</ref> One cyclopentadienyl ring in (η5–C5H5)3Bk can be substituted by chlorine to yield [Bk(C5H5)2Cl]2. The optical absorption spectra of this compound are very similar to those of (η5–C5H5)3Bk.{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=41}}{{sfn|Peterson|1984|p=54}}

==Applications==
[[File:Berkelium.jpg|thumb|The berkelium target used for the synthesis of [[ununseptium]] (in dissolved state)<ref>[http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2010/04/finally-element-117-is-here.html Finally, Element 117 Is Here!], Science Now, 7 April 2010</ref>|alt=A very small sample of a blue liquid in a plastic pipette held by a hand wearing heavy protection equipment]]
There is currently no use for any isotope of berkelium outside of basic scientific research.<ref name="H&P"/> Berkelium-249 is a common target nuclide to prepare still heavier [[transuranic elements]] and [[transactinides]], such as [[lawrencium]], [[rutherfordium]] and [[bohrium]].<ref name="H&P"/> It is also useful as a source of the isotope californium-249, which is used for studies on the chemistry of [[californium]] in preference to the more radioactive californium-252 that is produced in neutron bombardment facilities such as the HFIR.<ref name="H&P"/><ref>{{cite book|first = Richard G.|last = Haire|contribution = Californium|title = The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements|editor1-first = Lester R.|editor1-last = Morss|editor2-first = Norman M.|editor2-last = Edelstein|editor3-first = Jean|editor3-last = Fuger|edition = 3rd|year = 2006|volume = 3|publisher = Springer|location = Dordrecht, the Netherlands|pages = 1499–1576|url = http://radchem.nevada.edu/classes/rdch710/files/californium.pdf|doi = 10.1007/1-4020-3598-5_11}}</ref>

A 22 milligram batch of berkelium-249 was prepared in a 250-day irradiation and then purified for 90 days at Oak Ridge in 2009. This target yielded the first 6 atoms of [[ununseptium]] at the [[Joint Institute for Nuclear Research]] (JINR), [[Dubna]], Russia, after bombarding it with calcium ions in the U400 cyclotron for 150 days. This synthesis was a culmination of the Russia—US collaboration between JINR and [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]] on the synthesis of elements 113 to 118 which was initiated in 1989.<ref>[https://str.llnl.gov/OctNov10/shaughnessy.html Collaboration Expands the Periodic Table, One Element at a Time], Science and Technology Review, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, October/November 2010</ref><ref>[http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/04/100406181611.htm Nuclear Missing Link Created at Last: Superheavy Element 117], Science daily, 7 April 2010</ref>

==Nuclear fuel cycle==
The [[nuclear fission]] properties of berkelium are different from those of the neighboring actinides curium and californium, and they suggest berkelium to perform poorly as a fuel in a nuclear reactor. Specifically, berkelium-249 has a moderately large neutron capture [[Neutron cross-section|cross section]] of 710 [[barn (unit)|barns]] for [[thermal neutrons]], 1200 barns [[resonance integral]], but very low fission cross section for thermal neutrons. In a thermal reactor, much of it will therefore be converted to berkelium-250 which quickly decays to californium-250.<ref>G. Pfennig, H. Klewe-Nebenius, W. Seelmann Eggebert (Eds.): Karlsruhe [[nuclide]], 7 Edition, 2006</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Chadwick|first1=M. B.|last2=Obložinský|first2=P.|last3=Herman|first3=M.|last4=Greene|first4=N. M.|last5=McKnight|first5=R. D.|last6=Smith|first6=D. L.|displayauthors=3|title=ENDF/B-VII.0: Next Generation Evaluated Nuclear Data Library for Nuclear Science and Technology|year=2006|journal=Nuclear Data Sheets|volume=107|issue=12|pages=2931–3060|doi=10.1016/j.nds.2006.11.001|bibcode=2006NDS...107.2931C}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Koning|first1=A. J.|last2=Avrigeanu|first2=M.|last3=Avrigeanu|first3=V.|last4=Batistoni|first4=P.|last5=Bauge|first5=E.|last6=Bé|first6=M.-M.|displayauthors=3|title=The JEFF evaluated nuclear data project|year=2007|journal=International Conference on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology|volume=ND2007|issue=194|doi=10.1051/ndata:07476}}</ref> In principle, berkelium-249 can sustain a [[nuclear chain reaction]] in a [[fast breeder reactor]]. Its [[critical mass]] is relatively high at 192 kg; it can be reduced with a water or steel reflector but would still exceed the world production of this isotope.<ref name="irsn">Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire: [http://ec.europa.eu/energy/nuclear/transport/doc/irsn_sect03_146.pdf "Evaluation of nuclear criticality safety. data and limits for actinides in transport"], p. 16</ref>

Berkelium-247 can maintain chain reaction both in a thermal-neutron and in a fast-neutron reactor, however, its production is rather complex and thus the availability is much lower than its critical mass, which is about 75.7 kg for a bare sphere, 41.2 kg with a water reflector and 35.2 kg with a steel reflector (30 cm thickness).<ref name="irsn"/>

==Health issues==
Little is known about the effects of berkelium on human body, and analogies with other elements may not be drawn because of different radiation products ([[electron]]s for berkelium and [[alpha particle]]s, [[neutron]]s, or both for most other actinides). The low energy of electrons emitted from berkelium-249 (less than 126 keV) hinders its detection, due to signal interference with other decay processes, but also makes this isotope relatively harmless to humans as compared to other actinides. However, berkelium-249 transforms with a half-life of only 330 days to the strong alpha-emitter californium-249, which is rather dangerous and has to be handled in a [[glove box]] in a dedicated laboratory.<ref>Emeleus, H. J. [http://books.google.com/books?id=K5_LSQqeZ_IC&pg=PA32 Advances in inorganic chemistry], Academic Press, 1987, ISBN 0-12-023631-1 p. 32</ref>

Most available berkelium toxicity data originate from research on animals. Upon ingestion by rats, only about 0.01% berkelium ends in the blood stream. From there, about 65% goes to the bones, where it remains for about 50 years, 25% to the lungs (biological half-life about 20 years), 0.035% to the testicles or 0.01% to the ovaries where berkelium stays indefinitely. The balance of about 10% is excreted.<ref>International Commission on Radiological Protection [http://books.google.com/books?id=WTxcCV4w0VEC&pg=PA14 Limits for intakes of radionuclides by workers, Part 4, Volume 19, Issue 4], Elsevier Health Sciences, ISBN, 0080368867 p. 14</ref> In all these organs berkelium might promote cancer, and in the [[skeletal system]] its radiation can damage red blood cells. The maximum permissible amount of berkelium-249 in the human skeleton is 0.4 [[nanogram]]s.<ref name=CRC/><ref>Pradyot Patnaik. ''Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals'' McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0-07-049439-8</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==Bibliography==
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Greenwood|first= Norman N|coauthor=Earnshaw, Alan|year=1997|title=Chemistry of the Elements |edition=2|place=Oxford|publisher= Butterworth-Heinemann|isbn=0-08-037941-9}}
* {{cite book|last=Holleman|first=Arnold F. |coauthor=Wiberg, Nils |title=Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry|edition=102 |publisher=de Gruyter|place=Berlin |year=2007|isbn=978-3-11-017770-1|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Peterson |first=J. R. |coauthor=Hobart D. E. |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=U-YOlLVuV1YC&pg=PA29 |chapter=The Chemistry of Berkelium|editor-last= Emeléus|editor-first= Harry Julius |title=Advances in inorganic chemistry and radiochemistry|volume=28|publisher= Academic Press|year= 1984 |isbn=0-12-023628-1|pages=29–64|doi=10.1016/S0898-8838(08)60204-4|ref = harv}}

==External links==
* [http://www.periodicvideos.com/videos/097.htm Berkelium] at ''[[The Periodic Table of Videos]]'' (University of Nottingham)

{{Commons|Berkelium}}
{{Wikipedia books|Berkelium}}
{{clear}}
{{compact periodic table}}
{{Chemical elements named after places}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2011}}

[[Category:Chemical elements]]
[[Category:Actinides]]
[[Category:University of California, Berkeley]]
[[Category:Synthetic elements]]
[[Category:Berkelium]]

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University of California, Berkeley

2013-11-19T00:22:05Z

Casecrer: adding image caption

{{pp-move-indef}}
{{Infobox university
|name = University of California, Berkeley
|motto = ''[[Fiat lux]]'' ([[Latin]])
|mottoeng = [[Let there be light]]
|established = March 23, 1868
|image_name = [[File:The University of California 1868.svg|200px|The Seal of the University of California, Berkeley]]
|image_size = 200px
|caption = [[Seal (emblem)|Seal]] of U.C. Berkeley
|type = [[Flagship university|Flagship]] [[Public University|Public]]
|calendar = [[Semester]]
|endowment = $3.03 billion<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/_files/report/UC_Annual_Endowment_Report_FY2011-2012.pdf |title=UC Annual Endowment Report, Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012; p.4 |accessdate=2013-01-07 |publisher=Office of the Treasurer of the Regents of the University of California|format=PDF}}</ref>
|chancellor = [[Nicholas Dirks]]
|students = 36,204 (Fall 2013)
|undergrad = 25,951 (Fall 2013)<ref name="Total Enrollment by Level, Gender, and Ethnicity">{{cite web|url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/enrollmentData.html |title=UC Berkeley Enrollment Data |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=July 29, 2012}}</ref>
|postgrad = 10,253 (Fall 2013)<ref name="Total Enrollment by Level, Gender, and Ethnicity"/>
|doctoral =
|city = [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]]
|state = [[California]]
|country = [[United States]]
|campus = [[Urban area|Urban]] 
Total {{convert|1232|acre|ha}} Core Campus {{convert|178|acre|ha}}<ref name="Facts at a glance">{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/about/fact.shtml |format=PDF |title=Facts at a glance |year=2010-11 |publisher=University of California - Berkeley |accessdate=July 31, 2013}}</ref>
Total land owned {{convert|6679|acre|ha}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://regents.universityofcalifornia.edu/regmeet/nov12/f8attach1.pdf |format=PDF |title=UC Financial Reports– Campus Facts in Brief, p.10 |year=2011-12 |publisher=University of California}}</ref>
|colors = {{Color box|#010066}} [[Yale Blue]] {{Color box|#FFCC33}} [[UCLA Gold|California Gold]]
|nickname = Golden Bears
|mascot = [[Oski the Bear]]
|athletics = 27 Varsity Teams [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] [[Division I (NCAA)|Division I]] '''[[California Golden Bears]]'''
|free_label = [[Nobel Laureates]]
|free = 72<ref>[[List of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of California, Berkeley]] ''List of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of California, Berkeley''</ref>
|free_label2 = Yearbook
|free nickname2 = The Blue & Gold
|affiliations = [[Association of American Universities|AAU]] [[International Alliance of Research Universities|IARU]] [[Pacific-12 Conference|Pacific-12]] [[University of California]]
|publictransit = [[Downtown Berkeley (BART station)|Downtown Berkeley BART]]
|website = [http://berkeley.edu/ Berkeley.edu]
|logo = [[File:Berkeley Horizontal Logo.PNG|240px]]
}}

The '''University of California, Berkeley''' (also referred to as '''UC Berkeley''', '''Berkeley''', '''California''', or simply '''Cal'''), is a public research university located in [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]], [[California]], [[United States]]. The university occupies {{convert|1232|acre|ha}} on the [[East Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)|eastern side]] of the [[San Francisco Bay]] with the central campus resting on {{convert|178|acre|ha}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/about/fact.shtml |title=About Berkeley – Facts at a Glance |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=July 16, 2013}}</ref> Berkeley is the flagship institution of the 10 campus [[University of California]] system and one of only two UC campuses operating on a [[Academic term|semester calendar]], the other being [[University of California, Merced|UC Merced]].

Established in 1868 as the result of the merger of the private [[College of California]] and the public Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College in [[Oakland, California|Oakland]], Berkeley is the oldest institution in the UC system and offers approximately 350 undergraduate and [[graduate degree]] programs in a wide range of disciplines.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/about/hist/index.shtml |title=History – UC Berkeley |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> Berkeley has been charged with providing both "classical" and "practical" education for the state's people.<ref>{{cite web |title=History of UC Berkeley |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |url=http://berkeley.edu/about/hist/index.shtml |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5wKp6ajI8 |archivedate=February 7, 2011 |quote=Founded in the wake of the gold rush by leaders of the newly established 31st state, the University of California's flagship campus at Berkeley has become one of the preeminent universities in the world.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://cio.chance.berkeley.edu/chancellor/sp/flagship.htm|date=October 8, 1998|title=The Future of Flagship Universities|last=Berndahl|first=Robert|authorlink=Robert M. Berdahl|publisher=University of California, Berkeley|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5wJUI60xL|archivedate=February 7, 2011|quote=The issue I want to talk about tonight is the future of "flagship" universities, institutions like the University of Texas at Austin, or Texas A&M at College Station, or the University of California, Berkeley. This is not an easy topic to talk about for a number of reasons, not the least of which is the fact that those of us in "systems" of higher education are frequently actively discouraged from using the term "flagship" to refer to our campuses because it is seen as hurtful to the self-esteem of colleagues at other institutions in our systems.}}</ref> Berkeley co-manages three [[United States Department of Energy National Laboratories]], including the [[Los Alamos National Laboratory]], [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]] and [[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]] for the [[U.S. Department of Energy]].

Berkeley faculty, alumni, and researchers have won 72 [[Nobel Prize]]s (including 28 alumni Nobel laureates), 9 [[Wolf Prize]]s, 7 [[Fields Medal]]s, 15 [[Turing Award]]s, 45 [[MacArthur Fellowship]]s,<ref>{{cite web|last=Maclay |first=Kathleen |url=http://newscenter.berkeley.edu/2010/09/28/macarthur/ |title=Two young faculty members named MacArthur "genius" fellows |publisher=Newscenter.berkeley.edu |date=2010-09-28 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> 20 [[Academy Award]]s, and 11 [[Pulitzer Prize]]s. To date, UC Berkeley and its researchers are associated with 6 [[chemical elements]] of the [[periodic table]] ([[californium]], [[seaborgium]], [[berkelium]], [[einsteinium]], [[fermium]], [[lawrencium]]) and [[Berkeley Lab]] has discovered 16 chemical elements in total – more than any other university in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/new-elements-here.html |title=Chemical Elements Discovered at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory |publisher=Lbl.gov |date=June 7, 1999 |accessdate=February 21, 2011}}</ref> Berkeley is a founding member of the [[Association of American Universities]] and continues to have very high research activity with $652.4 million in research and development expenditures in 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aau.edu/about/article.aspx?id=5476 |title=Member Institutions and Years of Admission |publisher=Association of American Universities |year=2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/nsf11313/pdf/tab31.pdf |title=Table 31: R&D expenditures at universities and colleges, ranked by all R&D expenditures, by source of funds: FY 2009 |year=2009 |publisher=National Science Foundation}}</ref> Berkeley physicist [[J. Robert Oppenheimer]] was the scientific director of the [[Manhattan Project]] that developed the first [[atomic bomb]] in the world, which he personally headquartered at [[Los Alamos, New Mexico]], during [[World War II]]. Faculty member [[Edward Teller]] was (together with [[Stanislaw Ulam]]) the "father of the [[Thermonuclear weapon|hydrogen bomb]]".
Known as the ''[[California Golden Bears]]'' (often shortened to "Cal Bears" or just "Cal"), the athletic teams are members of both the [[Pacific-12 Conference]] and the [[Mountain Pacific Sports Federation]] in the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]].

==History==
[[File:UCBerkeleyCampus.jpg|thumb|View from Memorial Glade of Sather Tower (The Campanile), the center of UC Berkeley. The ring of its bells and clock can be heard from all over campus.]]
{{Main|History of the University of California, Berkeley}}

In 1866, the land comprising the current Berkeley campus was purchased by the private College of California. Because it lacked sufficient funds to operate, it eventually merged with the state-run Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College to form the University of California, the first full-curriculum public university in the state.

Ten faculty members and almost 40 students made up the new University of California when it opened in Oakland in 1869.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/about/hist/foundations.shtml |title=History of UC Berkeley, 19th-century: Founding UC's flagship campus |publisher=UC Berkeley |accessdate=December 26, 2012}}</ref> [[Andrew Gabrielson]] was a trustee of the College of California and suggested that the college be named in honor of the [[Anglo-Irish]] philosopher [[George Berkeley]].<ref name="Berkeley">{{cite web| url=http://berkeleypubliclibrary.org/system/Chapter2.html| work=Berkeley, A City in History| author=Wollenberg, Charles| year=2002| title=Chapter 2: Tale of Two Towns| publisher=Berkeley Public Library| accessdate=June 6, 2009}}</ref> In 1870, [[Henry Durant]], the founder of the College of California, became the first president. With the completion of North and [[South Hall (UC Berkeley)|South Halls]] in 1873, the university relocated to its Berkeley location with 167 male and 222 female students and held its first classes.<ref name="Sunsite">{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/uchistory/general_history/campuses/ucb/overview.html |title=University of California History Digital Archives |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref>

Beginning in 1891, [[Phoebe Apperson Hearst]] made several large gifts to Berkeley, funding a number of programs and new buildings, and sponsoring, in 1898, an international competition in Antwerp, Belgium, where French architect Émile Bernard submitted the winning design for a campus master plan. In 1905, the University Farm was established near [[Sacramento]], ultimately becoming the [[University of California, Davis]].<ref name="ucb_about">{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/about/history/ |publisher=UC Berkeley |title=About UC Berkeley – History |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> By the 1920s, the number of campus buildings had grown substantially, and included twenty structures designed by architect [[John Galen Howard]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/multimedia/2003/03/jgh/index.shtml |title=John Galen Howard and the design of the ''City of Learning,'' the UC Berkeley campus |publisher=UC Berkeley |accessdate=December 24, 2010}}</ref>

[[Robert Gordon Sproul]] served as president from 1930 to 1958.<ref name="Presidents">{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/uchistory/general_history/overview/presidents/index2.html |title=UC Presidents |publisher=University of California History Digital Archives |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> By 1942, the American Council on Education ranked UC Berkeley second only to [[Harvard University]] in the number of distinguished departments.<ref name="Presidents"/>
[[File:Berkeley, California. University of California Lawn Forum. Wheeler Auditorium steps where more informal and less... - NARA - 532100.tif|thumb|200px|The University of California in 1940]]

During World War II, following [[Glenn T. Seaborg|Glenn Seaborg]]'s then-secret discovery of plutonium, [[Ernest Lawrence|Ernest Orlando Lawrence]]'s Radiation Laboratory began to contract with the U.S. Army to develop the atomic bomb. UC Berkeley physics professor [[Robert Oppenheimer|J. Robert Oppenheimer]] was named scientific head of the Manhattan Project in 1942.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atomicarchive.com/History/mp/chronology.shtml |title=Manhattan Project Chronology |publisher=atomicarchive.com |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atomicheritage.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=292&Itemid=205 |title=Atomic History – Early Government Support |publisher=Atomic Heritage Foundation |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> Along with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (formerly the Radiation Lab), Berkeley is now a partner in managing two other labs, Los Alamos National Laboratory (1943) and [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]] (1952).

Originally, military training was compulsory for male undergraduates, and Berkeley housed an armory for that purpose. In 1917, Berkeley's ROTC program was established, and its School of Military Aeronautics trained future pilots, including [[Jimmy Doolittle]], who graduated with a B.A. in 1922. Both [[Robert McNamara]] and [[Frederick C. Weyand]] graduated from UC Berkeley's ROTC program, earning B.A. degrees in 1937 and 1938, respectively. In 1926, future [[Fleet Admiral (United States)|fleet admiral]] [[Chester W. Nimitz]] established the first [[Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps]] unit at Berkeley. During World War II, the military increased its presence on campus to recruit more officers, and by 1944, more than 1,000 Berkeley students were enrolled in the [[V-12 Navy College Training Program]] and naval training school for diesel engineering.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/ref/USN-Act/CA.html|title=U.S. Naval Activities World War II by State|publisher=Patrick Clancey|accessdate=2012-03-19}}</ref> The Board of Regents ended compulsory military training at Berkeley in 1962.

During the [[McCarthyism|McCarthy era]] in 1949, the [[Regents of the University of California|Board of Regents]] adopted an anti-[[communist]] [[loyalty oath]]. A number of faculty members objected and were dismissed;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/uchistory/archives_exhibits/loyaltyoath/timelinesummary.html |title=The Loyalty Oath Controversy, University of California, 1949–1951 |publisher=University of California Archives |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> ten years passed before they were reinstated with back pay.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dailycal.org/article.php?id=535 |date=January 8, 1999 |title=Former UC Presidents Recollect Loyalty Oath |last=Benjaminson |first=Anne |publisher=Daily Californian}}</ref>

In 1952, the University of California became an entity separate from the Berkeley campus. Each campus was given relative autonomy and its own Chancellor. Then-president Sproul assumed presidency of the entire University of California system, and [[Clark Kerr]] became the first Chancellor of UC Berkeley.<ref name="Presidents" />

[[File:CampanileMtTamalpiasSunset-original.jpg|thumb|Sather Tower (the Campanile) looking out over the San Francisco Bay and [[Mount Tamalpais]].]]Berkeley gained a reputation for student activism in the 1960s with the [[Free Speech Movement]] in 1964,<ref name="Berkeley 60s">{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/CalHistory/60s.html |title= Days of Cal – Berkeley in the 60s |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> and [[opposition to the Vietnam War]]. In the highly publicized [[People's Park, Berkeley|People's Park]] protest in 1969, students and the school conflicted over use of a plot of land; the [[United States National Guard|National Guard]] was called in and violence erupted.<ref name="Berkeley 60s"/><ref>{{cite news|first=Jeffery |last=Kahn |title=Ronald Reagan launched political career using the Berkeley campus as a target |publisher=UC Berkeley News |date=June 8, 2004 |url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2004/06/08_reagan.shtml}}</ref> Modern students at Berkeley are less politically active, with a greater percentage of moderates and conservatives.<ref>{{Cite news | last=Doty | first=Meriah | title=Examining Berkeley's liberal legacy | url=http://www.cnn.com/2004/ALLPOLITICS/01/09/elec04.berkeley/ | date=February 5, 2004 | newspaper=CNN | accessdate=February 20, 2008 | postscript=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2005/01/24_freshmen.shtml|first= Bonnie Azab|last=Powell|date=January 24, 2005|accessdate=February 29, 2008|publisher=UC Berkeley News|title=Web Feature}}</ref> Democrats outnumber Republicans on the faculty by a ratio of 9:1.<ref>{{Cite news | last=Tierney | first=John | title=Republicans Outnumbered in Academia, Studies Find | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/18/education/18faculty.html | date=November 18, 2004 | newspaper=[[New York Times]] | accessdate=January 16, 2008 | postscript=}}</ref>

Various human and animal rights groups have recently conflicted with Berkeley. [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]]s conflicted with the school over repatriation of remains from the Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology.<ref>{{cite news | last=Paddock | first=Richard | title=UC Berkeley's bones of contention | url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-adme-bones13jan13,0,2942194.story?coll=la-home-local | newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] | date=January 12, 2008 | accessdate=January 13, 2008}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> [[Animal-rights]] activists have threatened faculty members using animals for research.<ref>{{cite news | last=Krupnik | first=Matt | title=Animal rights activists protest at Cal | url=http://www.insidebayarea.com/argus/localnews/ci_7941998 | newspaper=The Daily Argus | date=January 11, 2008 | accessdate=January 13, 2008}}</ref> The school's response to [[tree sitting|tree sitters]] protesting construction caused controversy in the local community.<ref>{{cite news | last=McKinley | first=Jesse | title=University Fences In a Berkeley Protest, and a New One Arises | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/13/education/13trees.html | newspaper=[[New York Times]] | date=September 7, 2007 | accessdate=January 11, 2008}}</ref>

As state funding has declined,<ref>{{cite news |title=A money gap and a brain drain; UC Berkeley, long on reputation but short on funding, is losing talent |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=October 28, 2006 |accessdate=April 12, 2008 |last= La Ganga |first=Maria L.}}</ref> Berkeley has turned to private sources: [[BP]] donated $500 million to develop [[biofuel]]s, the Hewlett Foundation gave $113 million to endow 100 [[Chair (academic)#Named chair|faculty chair]]s, and [[Dow Chemical]] gave $10 million to research [[sustainability]].<ref name="Paddock">{{cite news | last=Paddock | first= Richard C. | title=Less to bank on at state universities| url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-compact7oct07,0,5052218,full.story?coll=la-home-center | publisher= [[The Los Angeles Times]] | date=October 6, 2007 | accessdate = October 6, 2007}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | last=Schevitz | first= Tanya | title=Cal given $10 million by Dow Chemical to work on sustainability| url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/10/31/BA67T2UHH.DTL&tsp=1 | publisher= The San Francisco Chronicle | date=October 31, 2007 | accessdate = October 31, 2007}}</ref> The BP grant has been criticized for [[Food vs fuel|diverting food production]] to fuel production.<ref name="Burress">{{cite news | last= Burress | first= Charles | title=UC Berkeley, BP finally sign contract for research project | date =November 15, 2007 | url= http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/11/15/BAABTCDKK.DTL | accessdate = November 14, 2007 | work=The San Francisco Chronicle}}</ref><ref name="AcademicSenate">{{cite web | first= the laughing cow| title= Partial recording of UC Berkeley academic senate deliberation on proposed BP deal| url= http://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2007/04/24/18404495.php | date=April 24, 2007| accessdate= January 24, 2008}}</ref>

The original name ''University of California'' was frequently shortened to ''California'' or ''Cal''. UC Berkeley's athletic teams date to this time and so are referred to as the ''California Golden Bears'', ''Cal Bears'', or just ''Cal''. Today, ''University of California'' refers to a statewide school system. Referring to the University of California, Berkeley as ''UCB'' or ''University of California '''at''' Berkeley'' is discouraged<ref>{{cite journal | title = Editorial Style Guide | year = 2009 | page = 20 | publisher = University of California, Berkeley | url = http://identity.berkeley.edu/guidelines/berkeley-editorial-style-09.pdf }}</ref> and the domain name is <tt>berkeley.edu</tt>. Moreover, the term "Cal Berkeley" is not a correct reference to the school, but is occasionally used. Berkeley is unaffiliated with the [[Berklee College of Music]] or [[Berkeley College]]. However, UC Berkeley does share academic ties with [[Yale University]]; not only were many original Berkeley founders Yale graduates (see below), but the names, University of California, Berkeley, and [[Berkeley College (Yale)]], were both inspired by the intellectual contributions of the western philosopher, [[George Berkeley]].

==Academics==
Berkeley is a large, primarily residential research university with a majority of enrollments in undergraduate programs but also offers a comprehensive doctoral graduate program.<ref name="Carnegie">{{cite web|title=Carnegie Classifications: University of California-Berkeley|url=http://classifications.carnegiefoundation.org/lookup_listings/view_institution.php?unit_id=110635|publisher=Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching|accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> The university has been [[educational accreditation|accredited]] by the [[Western Association of Schools and Colleges]] Senior College and University Commission since 1949.<ref name="WASC">{{cite web|url=http://directory.wascsenior.org/university-california-berkeley |title=Statement of Accreditation Status: University of California at Berkeley |publisher=Western Association of Schools and Colleges |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> The university operates on a semester academic calendar with Fall semester running from late August through early December and Spring semester running from mid-January through mid-May.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://registrar.berkeley.edu/CalendarDisp.aspx?terms=current |title=UC Berkeley Academic Calendar |publisher=Office of the Registrar, UC Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> Berkeley offers 106 Bachelor's degrees, 88 Master's degrees, 97 research-focused doctoral programs, and 31 professionally-focused graduate degrees.<ref name="Degree totals">{{cite web|url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/academicprograms/degreesOffered/DegProgCountByCollForWeb.pdf |title=Degrees Offered at the University of California, Berkeley |date=July 1, 2011 |publisher=Office of Planning and Analysis, UC-Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> The university awarded a total of 7,526 Bachelor's, 2,164 Master's, and 1,264 Doctoral degrees in 2012.<ref name="Undergrad profile">{{cite web|url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/UndergraduateProfile.pdf |title=Undergraduate Profile |publisher=UC-Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref>

===Undergraduate programs===
The four-year, full-time undergraduate program has a focus on the arts and sciences with a high level of co-existence in undergraduate and graduate programs. Freshman admission is selective but there are high levels of transfer-in.<ref name="Carnegie"/> 106 Bachelor's degrees are offered across the Haas School of Business (1), College of Chemistry (5), College of Engineering (20), College of Environmental Design (3), College of Letters and Science (67), College of Natural Resources (10), and other individual majors (2).<ref name="Degree totals"/> The most popular majors are Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Political Science, Molecular and Cell Biology, Environmental Science, and Economics.<ref name="Facts">{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/about/fact.shtml |title=Berkeley Facts |publisher=UC-Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref>

Requirements for undergraduate degrees come from four sources: the University of California system, the Berkeley campus, the college or school, and the department. These requirements include an entry-level writing requirement before enrollment (typically fulfilled by minimum scores on standardized admissions exams such as the SAT or ACT, completing coursework on "American History and Institutions" before or after enrollment by taking an introductory class, passing an "American Cultures Breadth" class at Berkeley, as well as requirements for reading and composition and specific requirements declared by the department and school.<ref name="Undergrad requirements">{{cite web|url=http://catalog.berkeley.edu/undergrad/requirements.html |title=General Catalog - Undergraduate Degree Requirements |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> Three-hour final examinations are required in most undergraduate classes and take place over a week following the last day of instruction in mid-December for the Fall semester and in mid-May for the Spring semester.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://catalog.berkeley.edu/policies/exams.html |title=Midterm and Final Examinations |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> [[Academic grading in the United States|Academic grades]] are reported on a five-letter scale (A,B,C,D,F) with grade points being modified by three-tenths of point for pluses and minuses.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://catalog.berkeley.edu/policies/grades.html |title=Grades |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> Requirements for [[Latin honors|academic honors]] are specified by individual schools and colleges, scholarly prizes are typically awarded by departments, and students are elected to honor societies based on these organizations' criteria.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://catalog.berkeley.edu/undergrad/honors.html |title=Academic Honors, Prizes, and Scholarships |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref>

===Graduate and professional programs===
Berkeley has a "comprehensive" graduate program with high coexistence with the programs offered to undergraduates, but no medical school.<ref name="Carnegie"/> The university offers graduate degrees in Master's of Art, Master's of Science, Master's of Fine Art, and [[Ph.D.]]s in addition to professional degrees such as the [[Juris Doctor]] and [[Master of Business Administration]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://catalog.berkeley.edu/grad/degrees.html |title=Graduate Degrees and Certificates |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> The university awarded 887 doctoral degrees and 2,506 Master's degrees in 2012.<ref name="Graduate profile"/> Admission to graduate programs is decentralized; applicants apply directly to the department or degree program. Most graduate students are supported by fellowships, teach assistantships, or research assistantships.<ref name="Graduate profile"/>
The 2010 [[United States National Research Council Rankings]] identified UC Berkeley as having the highest number of top-ranked doctoral programs in the nation.<ref>{{cite web|title=2010 Rankings: Doctoral Programs in America|url=http://chronicle.com/page/NRC-Rankings/321/|publisher=''The Chronicle of Higher Education''|accessdate=April 21, 2012}}</ref> UC Berkeley doctoral programs that received a #1 ranking include Agricultural and Resource Economics, Astrophysics, Chemistry, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Computer Science, English, Epidemiology, German, Mathematics, Mechanical Engineering, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Genetics, Genomics, and Development, Physics, Plant Biology, and Political Science. UC Berkeley was also the #1 recipient of [[NSF-GRF|National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowships]] between 2001 and 2010, with 1,333 awards.<ref name="Graduate profile">{{cite web|title=Berkeley Graduate Profile|url=http://grad.berkeley.edu/news/berkeley_graduate_profile.shtml#nrc|publisher=UC Berkeley|accessdate=April 21, 2012}}</ref>

===Faculty and research===
{{Main|List of UC Berkeley faculty|Research centers and laboratories at UC Berkeley|List of Nobel laureates associated with University of California, Berkeley}}
[[File:UCB-Reserved-For-NL.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Seventy-two [[Nobel Laureates]] have been university faculty, alumni or researchers. Special signs indicate campus parking spaces reserved for the Laureates.]]
Berkeley is a research university with a "very high" level of research activity.<ref name="Carnegie"/> There are 1,582 full-time and 500 part-time faculty members dispersed among more than 130 academic departments and more than 80 interdisciplinary research units.{{citation needed|date=February 2013}} Berkeley's current faculty includes 227 [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] Fellows, 3 Fields Medal winners, 83 [[Fulbright Scholars]], 139 [[Guggenheim Fellows]], 87 members of the [[National Academy of Engineering]], 132 members of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]], 8 Nobel Prize winners, 3 Pulitzer Prize winners, 84 [[Sloan Fellows]], 7 Wolf Prize winners and 1 [[Pritzker Prize]] winner.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/about/honors/ |title=About UC Berkeley: Honors and Awards |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date=|accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> 72 Nobel Laureates have been affiliated with the university as faculty, alumni or researchers, the most of any public university in the United States and sixth most of any university in the world.

===Rankings and reputation===
{{Infobox US university ranking
| THES_W = 8
| ARWU_W = 3
| CWUR_W = 10
| QS_W = 25
| HRLR_W = 6
| Forbes = 22
| USNWR_NU = 20
| ARWU_N = 3
| Wamo_NU = 5
}}
Berkeley was listed as a "[[Public Ivy]]" in Richard Mull's 1985 ''Public Ivies''.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=lV8QJDzrcSoC&q=Illinois#v=snippet&q=Illinois&f=false Greenes' Guide to Educational Planning:The Public Ivies - Howard Greene, Matthew W. Greene - Google Boeken]. Books.google.com. Retrieved on 2013-08-07.</ref> In the [[World Reputation Rankings|2013 Times Higher Education World Reputation Rankings]] Berkeley was ranked the world's 5th most prestigious university and one of six globally recognized "super brands."<ref name="Top Universities by Reputation">{{cite web |url= http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/2013/reputation-ranking |title=Top Universities by Reputation|year=2013 |publisher=''Times Higher Education''|accessdate=March 4, 2013}}</ref> Among world universities, Berkeley had the 2nd highest number of academic programs rated in the Top Ten in their field by QS.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2013 |title=QS World University Rankings - 2013|accessdate = 09/10/2013}}</ref> In 2009 the Center for Measuring University Performance placed Berkeley 9th among national research universities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mup.asu.edu/research2009.pdf |format=PDF|title=The Top American Research Universities: 2009 Annual Report |page=8 |year=2009 |accessdate=August 17, 2010}}</ref> In 2013 ''[[Kiplinger]]'' ranked Berkeley 8th out of the top 100 best-value public colleges and universities in the nation, and 2nd in California.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.kiplinger.com/tool/college/T014-S001-kiplinger-s-best-values-in-public-colleges/index.php |work=[[Kiplinger's Personal Finance|Kiplinger]] |title=Kiplinger's Best Values in Public Colleges |date=2013-01-15}}</ref> ''[[The Princeton Review]]'' ranks Berkeley as a "college with a conscience"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.princetonreview.com/college/research/conscience/|title=Colleges with a Conscience|year=2008|accessdate=April 25, 2008|publisher=''The Princeton Review''}}</ref> and the 5th best value in public colleges.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.princetonreview.com/college/research/bestvalue/bestValue.asp?|title=America's Best Value Colleges|year=2008|accessdate=April 25, 2008|publisher=''The Princeton Review''}}</ref> Berkeley was ranked as the number 1 public university in the world by US News and World Report in 2013, marking its 16th consecutive year as the top public university.

==Campus==
{{Main|Campus of the University of California, Berkeley}}
The Berkeley campus encompasses approximately {{convert|1232|acre|ha}}, though the "central campus" occupies only the low-lying western {{convert|178|acre|ha}} of this area. Of the remaining {{convert|1000|acre|ha}}, approximately {{convert|200|acre|ha}} are occupied by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; other facilities above the main campus include the [[Lawrence Hall of Science]] and several research units, notably the [[Space Sciences Laboratory]], the [[Mathematical Sciences Research Institute]], an undeveloped {{convert|800|acre|ha|adj=on}} ecological preserve, the [[University of California Botanical Garden]] and a recreation center in Strawberry Canyon. Portions of the mostly undeveloped eastern area of the campus is actually within the [[Oakland, California|City of Oakland]]; the northernmost eastern corner of Oakland extends from the [[Claremont Resort]] north through the [[Panoramic Hill, Oakland/Berkeley, California|Panoramic Hill]] neighborhood to [[Tilden Regional Park|Tilden Park]].

To the west of the central campus is the [[Downtown Berkeley, California|downtown business district of Berkeley]]; to the northwest is the neighborhood of North Berkeley, including the so-called [[Gourmet ghetto|Gourmet Ghetto]], a commercial district known for high quality dining due to the presence of such world-renowned restaurants as [[Chez Panisse]]. Immediately to the north is a quiet residential neighborhood known as [[Northside, Berkeley, California|Northside]] with a large graduate student population;<ref name=berk-post-doc>{{cite web|title=Moving to Berkeley|url=http://postdoc.berkeley.edu/node/28|publisher=Berkeley Postdoctoral Association|accessdate=29 February 2012}}</ref> situated north of that are the upscale residential neighborhoods of the [[Berkeley Hills]]. Immediately southeast of campus lies fraternity row, and beyond that the [[Clark Kerr Campus]] and an upscale residential area named [[Claremont, Oakland/Berkeley, California|Claremont]]. The [[Southside, Berkeley, California|area south of the university]] includes student housing and [[Telegraph Avenue]], one of Berkeley's main shopping districts with stores, street vendors and restaurants catering to college students and tourists. In addition, the University also owns land to the northwest of the main campus, a {{convert|90|acre|ha|sing=on}} married student housing complex in the nearby town of Albany ("Albany Village" and the "Gill Tract"), and a field research station several miles to the north in [[Richmond, California]].

Outside of the Bay Area, the University owns various research laboratories and research forests in both northern and southern Sierra Nevada.

===Architecture===
[[File:South Hall--UC Berkeley--Panoramic.jpg|thumb|right|[[South Hall (UC Berkeley)|South Hall]] (1873), one of the two original buildings of the University of California, still stands on the Berkeley campus]]

What is considered the historic campus today was the result of the 1898 "International Competition for the [[Phoebe Hearst]] Architectural Plan for the University of California," funded by [[William Randolph Hearst]]'s mother and initially held in the Belgian city of [[Antwerp]]; eleven finalists were judged again in San Francisco in 1899.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/uchistory/archives_exhibits/online_exhibits/romapacifica/index.html |title=Online Exhibit on the Hearst Architectural Competition |publisher=Sunsite.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> The winner was Frenchman [[Émile Bénard]], however he refused to personally supervise the implementation of his plan and the task was subsequently given to architecture professor [[John Galen Howard]]. Howard designed over twenty buildings, which set the tone for the campus up until its expansion in the 1950s and 1960s. The structures forming the “classical core” of the campus were built in the [[Beaux-Arts architecture|Beaux-Arts]] Classical style, and include [[Hearst Greek Theatre]], [[Hearst Memorial Mining Building]], [[Doe Memorial Library]], California Hall, [[Wheeler Hall]], (Old) Le Conte Hall, Gilman Hall, Haviland Hall, Wellman Hall, [[Sather Gate]], and the {{convert|307|ft|m|0|sing=on}} [[Sather Tower]] (nicknamed "the Campanile" after its architectural inspiration, [[St Mark's Campanile]] in Venice). Buildings he regarded as temporary, nonacademic, or not particularly "serious" were designed in shingle or [[Collegiate Gothic in North America|Collegiate Gothic]] styles; examples of these are North Gate Hall, Dwinelle Annex, and Stephens Hall. Many of Howard's designs are recognized [[California Historical Landmark]]s<ref>{{cite ohp |id=946 |name=University of California, Berkeley Campus |accessdate=2012-03-30}}</ref> and are listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].

Built in 1873 in a [[Victorian architecture|Victorian]] [[Second Empire architecture|Second-Empire-style]], South Hall is the oldest university building in California. It, and the [[Frederick Law Olmsted]]-designed [[Piedmont Avenue (Berkeley)|Piedmont Avenue]] east of the main campus, are the only remnants from the original University of California before John Galen Howard's buildings were constructed. Other architects whose work can be found in the campus and surrounding area are [[Bernard Maybeck]]<ref name=mccoy>{{cite book | first =Esther | authorlink =Esther McCoy | title =Five California Architects | publisher =Reinhold Publishing Corporation |year=1960 | location =New York | page =6 | id =ASIN B000I3Z52W last =McCoy}}</ref> (best known for the [[Palace of Fine Arts]] in San Francisco), Maybeck's student [[Julia Morgan]] (Hearst Women's Gymnasium), [[Charles Willard Moore]] (Haas School of Business) and [[Joseph Esherick (architect)|Joseph Esherick]] (Wurster Hall).

===Natural features===
[[File:Strawberry Creek near Dwinelle Hall.jpg|thumb| The south fork of [[Strawberry Creek]], as seen between Dwinelle Hall and Lower Sproul Plaza.]]
Flowing into the main campus are two branches of [[Strawberry Creek]]. The south fork enters a culvert upstream of the recreational complex at the mouth of Strawberry Canyon and passes beneath [[California Memorial Stadium]] before appearing again in Faculty Glade. It then runs through the center of the campus before disappearing underground at the west end of campus. The north fork appears just east of [[University House, Berkeley|University House]] and runs through the glade north of the Valley Life Sciences Building, the original site of the Campus Arboretum.

Trees in the area date from the founding of the University in the 1870s. The campus, itself, contains numerous wooded areas; including: [[Founders' Rock]], Faculty Glade, Grinnell Natural Area, and the [[Eucalyptus]] Grove, which is both the tallest stand of such trees in the world and the tallest stand of hardwood trees in North America.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://strawberrycreek.berkeley.edu/tour/08eucalyptus.html |title=UC Berkeley Strawberry Creek |publisher=Strawberrycreek.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

The campus sits on the [[Hayward Fault]], which runs directly through California Memorial Stadium.<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://seismo.berkeley.edu/hayward/ucb_campus.html
|title=Hayward Fault: UC Berkeley
|publisher=seismo.berkeley.edu
|accessdate=April 13, 2008
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref> There is ongoing construction to retrofit the stadium. The "treesit" protest revolved around the controversy of clearing away trees by the stadium to build the new Student Athlete High Performance Center. As the stadium sits directly on the fault, this raised campus concerns of the safety of student athletes in the event of an earthquake as they train in facilities under the stadium stands.<ref>{{cite web|author=|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2007/08/29_stadium.shtml |title=Campus provides updates on Memorial Stadium Project and Student-Athlete High Performance Center |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date=2007-08-29 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

===Environmental record===
Two committees and the Office of Sustainability at UC Berkeley work formally to implement sustainability initiatives on campus. The university encourages green purchasing when possible including installing energy-efficient technologies around campus such as steam trap systems and economizers.<ref name="greenreportcard1">{{cite web |url=http://www.greenreportcard.org/report-card-2011/schools/university-of-california-berkeley |title=The College Sustainability Report Card |publisher=Greenreportcard.org}}</ref>
UC Berkeley has a green building policy. Two buildings on campus are LEED certified, and six others meet LEED standards. Multiple building spaces have been repurposed for alternative use, and almost all waste from construction projects is diverted from landfills. Water conservation technologies have been installed across campus, and the university employs a variety of techniques to manage storm water.<ref name="greenreportcard1"/> UC Berkeley heats, cools, and powers its lab equipment utilizing power from an on-campus natural gas plant.<ref>[http://www.olympuspower.com/project_portfolio/current_projects/berkeley.php ]{{dead link|date=September 2013}}</ref> UC Berkeley's efforts toward [[sustainability]] earned the school a B on the College Sustainability Report Card; overall, the school's grades within the sections were high—it earned A's in the majority of the Report Card.

==Organization and administration==
The University of California is governed by a 26-member [[Board of Regents]], 18 of which are appointed by the [[Governor of California]] to 12-year terms, 7 serving as ''[[ex officio]]'' members, a single student regent and a non-voting student regent-designate.<ref name="Governance">{{cite web|url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/aboutuc/governance.html |title=About UC – Shared Governance |publisher=The University of California |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> The position of Chancellor was created in 1952 to lead individual campuses. The Board appointed [[Nicholas Dirks]] the 10th Chancellor of the university in 2013 after [[Robert J. Birgeneau]], originally appointed in 2004, announced his resignation.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2004/07/27_chancellor.shtml |title=Robert J. Birgeneau appointed UC Berkeley chancellor |publisher=UC Berkeley NewsCenter |date=July 27, 2004 |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> 12 vice chancellors report directly to the Chancellor. The Executive Vice Chancellor and Provost serves as the chief academic officer and is the office to which the deans of the 14 colleges and schools report.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/admin/pdf/senior.pdf |format=PDF|title=Organizational Chart – Senior Administration |publisher=UC Berkeley |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref>

[[File:Haas School of Business courtyard.jpg|thumb|right|[[Haas School of Business]]]]
Berkeley's 130-plus academic departments and programs are organized into 14 colleges and schools in addition to UC Berkeley Extension.<ref name="Facts">{{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/about/fact.shtml |title=Facts at a glance |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=May 24, 2010}}</ref> "Colleges" are both undergraduate and graduate, while "Schools" are generally graduate only, though some offer undergraduate majors, minors, or courses.
<div style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;">
* [[UC Berkeley College of Chemistry|College of Chemistry]]
* [[UC Berkeley College of Engineering|College of Engineering]]
* [[UC Berkeley College of Environmental Design|College of Environmental Design]]
* [[UC Berkeley College of Letters and Science|College of Letters and Science]]
* [[UC Berkeley College of Natural Resources|College of Natural Resources]]
* [[UC Berkeley Graduate School of Education|Graduate School of Education]]
* [[UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism|Graduate School of Journalism]]
* [[Haas School of Business]]
* [[Goldman School of Public Policy]]
* [[University of California, Berkeley School of Information|School of Information]]
* [[University of California, Berkeley School of Law|School of Law]] (Boalt Hall)
* [[UC Berkeley School of Optometry|School of Optometry]]
* [[UC Berkeley School of Public Health|School of Public Health]]
* [[UC Berkeley School of Social Welfare|School of Social Welfare]]
* UC Berkeley Extension
</div>

UC Berkeley does not have a [[medical school]]; however, the university offers the [[UC Berkeley – UCSF Joint Medical Program]] with the [[University of California, San Francisco]], a standalone medical school that is located nearby.

The 2006–2007 budget totaled $1.7 billion; 33% came from the State of California. In 2006–2007, 7,850 donors contributed $267.9 million and the endowment was valued at $2.89 billion.<ref name="Facts"/>

UC Berkeley employs 24,700 people directly and employees are permitted to unionize and are represented by [[AFSCME]], [[California Nurses Association]] (CNA), CUE-Teamsters Local 2010 (formerly the Coalition of University Employees (CUE)), [[UAW]], UC-AFT, and UPTE.<ref name="Facts"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://hrweb.berkeley.edu/hrlabor.htm |title=Human Resources – Unions, bargaining agreements, and labor relations |publisher=UC Berkeley |accessdate=November 30, 2008 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20080804055815/http://hrweb.berkeley.edu/hrlabor.htm |archivedate=August 4, 2008}}</ref>

===University finances===
{{see also|University of California finances}}
UC Berkeley receives funding from a variety of sources, including federal and state authorities, and private donors. With the exception of government contracts, public money is proportioned to UC Berkeley and the other 9 universities of the University of California system through the [[UC Office of the President]].

Due in part to the [[2008–11 California budget crisis]], the state of California has reduced its educational appropriations to the University of California.<ref>"http://newscenter.berkeley.edu/2011/12/13/californiastate-shortfall-triggers-100-million-cut-for-uc-2/"</ref> State educational appropriations such as general support given in the state's annual budget, and appropriations given to the state through the federal [[American Reinvestment and Recovery Act]] (ARRA) dropped $37M in 2010-11 from the previous calendar year. The university projects that state general support will drop from 15% to 11% of the university's total revenues in 2011-12. State budget shortfalls as well as rising costs in pensions have been cited by the university as two of the leading reasons for its current financial woes. During the formulation of the 2011-12 UC Berkeley budget, the university projected that it will have a $200M funding gap in the 5 years after that year's budget. In response to revenue shortfalls, the [[UC Regents]] have raised tuition, and the university is trying to increase the number of non-resident undergraduates, who will pay the more costly out-of-state tuition. Nearly 1/3rd of revenues from tuition and other student fees are returned to students as scholarships and fellowships.<ref>"http://controller.berkeley.edu/FINRPTS/2010-11/Master.pdf"</ref>

Cal has controversially borrowed $445 million to fund the $321 million renovation of seismically unsafe [[California Memorial Stadium|Memorial Stadium]] and construction of a new $153 million student athletic center,<ref name="Debt"/> both of which opened in 2012. (See Athletics section for additional details).

====Financial aid and scholarship programs====
{{Main|UC Berkeley financial aid}}
{{See also|Student financial aid in the United States}}

Students and prospective students of UC Berkeley are eligible for a variety of public and private financial aid. Most financial aid inquiries are processed through the [http://students.berkeley.edu/finaid/index.htm UC Berkeley Financial Aid and Scholarships Office]. Some graduate schools, such as the Haas School of Business<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/MBA/finaid/ |title=Full-Time MBA Financial Aid – Haas School of Business, University of California, Berkeley |publisher=Haas.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> and [[UC Berkeley School of Law]][http://www.law.berkeley.edu/58.htm] have their own financial aid offices.

===Student body===
{| style="text-align:center; float:right; font-size:85%; margin-left:2em; margin:10px" class="wikitable"
|+ ''Demographics of student body''<ref name="Calstats">{{cite web | title= Cal Stats Brochure | url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/undergraduateProfile.html | publisher= UCB Office of Planning and Analysis | accessdate=July 10, 2012|format=PDF}}</ref><ref>See [[Demographics of California]] and [[Demographics of the United States]] for references.</ref>
! !! Undergraduate !! Graduate !! California !! U.S. Census
|-
! [[African American]]
| 3.4% || 3.4% || 6.2% || 12.0%
|-
! [[Asian American]]
| 39.2% || 17.8% || 13% || 4.7%
|-
! [[White American]]
| 29.0% || 38.0% || 40.1% || 63.7%
|-
! [[Hispanics in the United States|Hispanic American]]
| 12.6% || 7.1% || 37.6% || 16.3%
|-
! [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]]
| 0.8% || 1.1% || 1% || 0.7%
|-
! [[International student]]
| 10.4% || 20.3% || N/A || N/A
|-
! Other/Unknown
| 4.7% || 11.9% || 2.1% || 2.4%
|}
Berkeley enrolled 25,574 undergraduate and 10,125 graduate students in Fall 2012.<ref name="Total Enrollment by Level, Gender, and Ethnicity"/> Women make up 52.3% of undergraduate enrollments and 45.5% graduate and professional students.<ref name="Total Enrollment by Level, Gender, and Ethnicity"/> 82% of undergraduates and 43% of graduate and professional students are California residents.<ref name="Calstats"/> In the wake of [[Proposition 209]], the plurality of Asian American students and under-representation of African-American and Hispanic students has received national attention.<ref>{{Cite news | last=Timothy | first=Egan | title=Little Asia on the Hill | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/07/education/edlife/07asian.html | date=January 7, 2007 | newspaper=[[New York Times]] | accessdate=January 16, 2008 | postscript=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=U.S. Probing Possible Asian Bias at UCLA, UC Berkeley |publisher=Los Angeles Times |date=November 18, 1988 |last=Woo |first=Elaine |page=3}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/affirm/stories/aa031196.htm |title=Struggling to Maintain Diversity |last=Sanchez |first=Rene |date=March 11, 1996 |publisher=The Washington Post |page=A01 |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.newsweek.com/id/86134 |title=Berkeley's New Colors |publisher=Newsweek |date=September 18, 2000 |accessdate=November 30, 2008 |first=Kevin |last=Peraino}}</ref>
{| style="float:right; margin:10px" "text-align:center; font-size:85%; margin:auto;" class="wikitable"
|+ ''First-Time Freshman Profile''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/cds/index.html |title=Common Data Set |publisher=Opa.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2013-06-28}}</ref><ref>http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2013/fall_2013_admissions_table1.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2013/fall_2013_applications_table1.pdf</ref>
|-
!   !! 2013 (preliminary) !!2012 !! 2011 !! 2010 !! 2009 !! 2008
|-
! Applicants
| <center>67,658</center>|| 61,731 || 52,966 || 50,393 || 48,650 || 48,461
|-
! Admits
|<center>14,101</center>|| 11,130 || 11,441 || 10,844 || 10,528 || 10,474
|-
! % Admitted
| <center>20.8</center> || <center>18.0</center> ||<center>21.6</center> || <center>21.5</center> || <center>21.6</center> || <center>21.6</center>
|-
! Enrolled
| || <center>4,162</center>|| <center>4,443</center>|| <center>4,109</center> || <center>4,356</center>|| <center>4,261</center>
|-
! Average GPA
| || <center>3.84</center> ||<center>3.83</center> || <center>3.84</center> || <center>3.80</center> || <center>3.90</center>
|}

Berkeley received 77,485 freshmen and transfer applications for admission to the undergraduate program in Fall 2012; 14,527 were admitted (18.7%).<ref name=CommonDataSet>{{cite web |url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/cds/2012-2013.pdf |title=University of California, Berkeley Common Data Set 2012-2013, Parts C & D |publisher=University of California, Berkeley}}</ref> Of the Fall 2011 cohort, 97% of freshmen enrolled the next year. The four-year graduation rate for the Fall 2007 cohort was 61%, and the six-year rate was 88%.<ref name="Calstats"/><ref name="CN">{{cite web|url=http://nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/?q=Berkeley&s=all&id=110635 |title=College Navigator – University of California-Berkeley |publisher=National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> Admitted freshman applicants had an average high school GPA of 4.16, an average ACT Composite score of 30, and an average combined SAT score of 2067 (average SAT scores of 674 for Critical Reading, 701 for Mathematics, and 692 for Writing).<ref>{{cite web |title=UC Berkeley Freshman Admission Profile |url=http://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/campuses/berkeley/freshman-profile/index.html |accessdate=2012-11-15 |work=University of California}}</ref> Berkeley's enrollment of [[National Merit Scholarship Program|National Merit Scholars]] was third in the nation until 2002, when participation in the National Merit program was discontinued.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/article/7323 |date=July 13, 2005 |publisher=University of California Newsroom |title=Six UC campuses to redirect national merit funding to other merit-based scholarships}}</ref> 31% of admitted students receive federal [[Pell grant]]s.<ref>{{Cite news | title=Economic Diversity Among All National Universities | url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/usnews/edu/college/rankings/brief/natudoc_ecodiv_brief.php | newspaper=[[US News and World Report]]| accessdate= August 10, 2007 | postscript=}}</ref>

There were 18,231 applications to masters programs with 20% admitted and 14,361 applications to doctoral program with 16% admitted.<ref name="Calstats"/>

[[File:UCB-University-Library.jpg|thumb|right|The north side of Doe Library with Memorial Glade in the foreground.]]

===Library system===
{{Main| University of California, Berkeley Library System}}
Berkeley's 32 libraries tie together to make the fourth largest academic library in the United States surpassed only by [[Harvard University Library]], [[Yale University Library]] and [[University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign]] Library.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arl.org/bm~doc/arlstat08.pdf |title=Search Publications | Association of Research Libraries® | ARL® |publisher=Arl.org |date= |accessdate=2013-06-28}}</ref> However, considering the relative sizes and ages of these University libraries, Berkeley's collections have been growing about as fast as those at Harvard and Yale combined: specifically, 1.8 times faster than Harvard, and 1.9 times faster than Yale. In 2003, the [[Association of Research Libraries]] ranked it as the top public and third overall university library in North America based on various statistical measures of quality.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2002/06/20_libry.html |title=06.20.2002 – UC Berkeley library is top-ranked among North American public university research libraries |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date=2002-06-20 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> As of 2006, Berkeley's library system contains over 11 [[million]] volumes and maintains over 70,000 serial titles.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/news_events/whats-new.html |title=What's New in the Library |publisher=Lib.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> The libraries together cover over {{convert|12|acre|ha}} of land and form one of the largest library complexes in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/97legacy/gard.html |title=New addition to UC Berkeley Main Library dedicated to former UC President David Gardner |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date=1997-06-12 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> Doe Library serves as the library system's reference, periodical, and administrative center, while most of the main collections are housed in the subterranean Gardner Main Stacks and Moffitt Undergraduate Library. The [[Bancroft Library]], with holdings of over 400,000 printed volumes, maintains a collection that documents the history of the western part of North America, with an emphasis on California, Mexico and Central America.

==Student life and traditions==
[[File:UCBerkeleyCampanileSatherGate.jpg|thumb|Sather gate and Sather tower (the Campanile) from Sproul Plaza on the UC Berkeley campus]]
The official university mascot is [[Oski|Oski the Bear]], who debuted in 1941. Previously, live bear cubs were used as mascots at Memorial Stadium. It was decided in 1940 that a costumed mascot would be a better alternative to a live bear. Named after the [[The Oski Yell|Oski-wow-wow]] yell, he is cared for by the Oski Committee, whose members have exclusive knowledge of the identity of the costume-wearer.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://calbears.collegesports.com/trads/cal-m-fb-mas.html |title=California Golden Bears – Traditions |publisher=Calbears.collegesports.com |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

The [[University of California Marching Band]], which has served the university since 1891, performs at every home football game and at select road games as well. A smaller subset of the Cal Band, the Straw Hat Band, performs at basketball games, volleyball games, and other campus and community events.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://calband.berkeley.edu/about-us/ |title=University of California Marching Band ~ About Us |publisher=Calband.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2013-06-29}}</ref>

The UC Rally Committee, formed in 1901, is the official guardian of California's Spirit and Traditions. Wearing their traditional blue and gold rugbies, Rally Committee members can be seen at all major sporting and spirit events. Committee members are charged with the maintenance of the five Cal flags, the large California banner overhanging the Memorial Stadium Student Section and [[Haas Pavilion]], the California Victory Cannon, Card Stunts and [[The Big "C"]] among other duties. The Rally Committee is also responsible for safekeeping of the [[Stanford Axe]] when it is in Cal's possession.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ucrc.berkeley.edu/ |title=UC Rally Committee | Home |publisher=Ucrc.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> The Chairman of the Rally Committee holds the title "Custodian of the Axe" while it is in the Committee's care.

Overlooking the main Berkeley campus from the foothills in the east, The Big "C" is an important symbol of California school spirit. The Big "C" has its roots in an early 20th-century campus event called "Rush," which pitted the freshman and sophomore classes against each other in a race up Charter Hill that often developed into a wrestling match. It was eventually decided to discontinue Rush and, in 1905, the freshman and sophomore classes banded together in a show of unity to build the Big "C".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/CalHistory/traditions.html |title=Days of Cal | Bear Traditions |publisher=Sunsite.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> Owing to its prominent position, the Big "C" is often the target of pranks by rival [[Stanford University]] students who paint the Big "C" red and also fraternities and sororities who paint it their organization's colors. One of the Rally Committee's functions is to repaint the Big "C" to its traditional color of King Alfred Yellow.

Cal students invented the college football tradition of [[card stunts]]. Then known as Bleacher Stunts, they were first performed during the 1910 [[Big Game (football)|Big Game]] and consisted of two stunts: a picture of the Stanford Axe and a large blue "C" on a white background. The tradition continues today in the Cal [[student section]] and incorporates complicated motions, for example tracing the Cal script logo on a blue background with an imaginary yellow pen.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://calbears.collegesports.com/trads/cal-m-fb-tour.html |title=California Golden Bears – Traditions |publisher=Calbears.collegesports.com |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

The California Victory Cannon, placed on [[Tightwad Hill]] overlooking the stadium, is fired before every football home game, after every score, and after every Cal victory. First used in the 1963 Big Game, it was originally placed on the sidelines before moving to Tightwad Hill in 1971. The only time the cannon ran out of ammunition was during a game against [[University of the Pacific (United States)|Pacific]] in 1991, when Cal scored 12 touchdowns.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://calbears.collegesports.com/trads/victory-cannon.html |title=California Golden Bears – Traditions |publisher=Calbears.collegesports.com |date=1991-09-07 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

Other traditions have included events that span only a few years. William (or Willie) the Polka Dot Man was a performance artist who frequented Sproul Plaza during the late 1970s and early 1980s.<ref name="autogenerated3">{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/berkeleyan/2002/08/15_foley.html |title=The quintessential campus cop |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date=2002-08-15 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> The Naked Guy (now deceased<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2006-05-21-naked-guy-dies_x.htm | work=USA Today | title=Former Berkeley student known as 'Naked Guy' dies in jail | date=May 21, 2006 | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}</ref>) and Larry the Drummer, who performed Batman tunes, appeared in the late 1980s and early 1990s.<ref name="autogenerated3" />

A few current traditions include streaking during finals week in the Main Stacks, the Happy Happy Man, and [[Stoney Burke]].

===Student housing===
Students at UC Berkeley live in a variety of housing that cater to personal and academic preferences and styles. The university offers two years of guaranteed housing for entering freshmen, and one year for entering transfer students. The immediately surrounding community offers apartments, Greek (fraternity and sorority) housing and cooperative housing, twenty of which are houses that are members of the [[Berkeley Student Cooperative]].

====University housing====
{{Main|Housing at the University of California, Berkeley}}

[[File:Cunningham-Towle.jpg|thumb|Cunningham Hall and the newly built Towle Hall, part of the Unit 2 residence hall complex]] The university runs twelve different residence halls, ranging from undergraduate residence halls (both themed and non-themed) and family student housing, to re-entry student housing and optional international student housing at the [[International House Berkeley|International House]]. Undergraduate residence halls are located off-campus in the city of Berkeley. Units 1, 2 and 3, located on the south side of campus, offer [[high-rise]] accommodations with common areas on every other floor. These three residential high-rises share a common dining hall, called Crossroads. Further away and also on the south side of campus is Clark Kerr, an undergraduate residence hall complex that houses many student athletes and was once a school for the deaf and blind.

[[File:Bowles.jpg|thumb|left|[[Bowles Hall]] at the 2003 Homecoming and Parents Weekend]]In the foothills east of the central campus, there are three additional undergraduate residence hall complexes: Foothill, Stern, and Bowles. Foothill is a co-ed suite-style hall reminiscent of a Swiss chalet. According to the Chancellor, it is considered one of the best residence halls at UC Berkeley. Just south of Foothill, overlooking the Hearst Greek Theatre, is the all-women's traditional-style Stern Hall, which boasts an original mural by [[Diego Rivera]]. Because of their proximity to the [[UC Berkeley College of Engineering|College of Engineering]] and [[UC Berkeley College of Chemistry|College of Chemistry]], these residence halls often house science and engineering majors. They tend to be quieter than the southside complexes, but because of their location next to the theatre, often get free glimpses of concerts. [[Bowles Hall]], the oldest state-owned residence hall in California, is located immediately north of California Memorial Stadium. Dedicated in 1929 and on the National Register of Historic Places, this all-men's residence hall has large quad-occupancy rooms and has the appearance of a castle.

The Channing-Bowditch and Ida Jackson apartments are intended for older students.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.housing.berkeley.edu/livingatcal/channing_bowditch.html |title=Living at Cal 2012-2013, UC Berkeley Housing |publisher=Housing.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.housing.berkeley.edu/livingatcal/jackson_house.html |title=Jackson House |publisher=Housing.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> Family student housing consists of two main groups of housing: [[UC Village|University Village]] and Smyth-Fernwald. University Village is located three miles (5 km) north-west of campus in [[Albany, California]], and Smyth-Fernwald near the Clark Kerr campus.

====Cooperative housing====
Students in Berkeley have a number of cooperative housing options. The largest network of [[student housing cooperative]]s in the area is the Berkeley Student Cooperative (BSC).

{{Main|Berkeley Student Cooperative}}

Students of UC Berkeley, as well as students of other universities and colleges in the area, have the option of living in one of the twenty cooperative houses of the Berkeley Student Cooperative (BSC), formerly the University Students' Cooperative Association (USCA), and member of the national cooperative federation, [[North American Students of Cooperation|NASCO]]. The BSC is a [[nonprofit]] [[housing cooperative]] network consisting of 20 cooperative homes and 1250 member-owners.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bsc.coop/index.php |title=Home |publisher=Usca.org |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>
The USCA (as the BSC was known by at that time) was founded in 1933 by then-director of the [[YWCA]], [[Harry Kingman]]. The birth of the USCA, as well as many other cooperative organizations around the country, coincided with the [[Great Depression]] precisely as a response to scant resources. By living together in large houses and pooling together resources, members found that their monetary resources could go further to pay for their cost of living than living separately.
In the 1960s, the USCA pioneered the first co-ed university housing in Berkeley, called the Ridge Project (later renamed [[Casa Zimbabwe]]). In 1975, the USCA founded its first and only vegetarian-themed house, Lothlorien. In 1997, the USCA opened its African-American theme house, Afro House, and in 1999 its [[LGBT]]-themed house, named after queer Irish author and poet [[Oscar Wilde]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bsc.coop/who-we-are/history |title=BSC history |publisher=Usca.org |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

Notable alumni of the BSC include [[Marion Nestle]], professor at [[New York University]] and author of Food Politics, and [[Beverly Cleary]].

====Fraternities and sororities====
{{Main|List of fraternities and sororities at University of California, Berkeley}}

===Student-run organizations===

====Student government====
The Associated Students of the University of California (ASUC) is the [[student government]] organization that controls funding for student groups and organizes on-campus student events. It is considered one of the most autonomous student governments at any [[public university]] in the U.S. The two main political parties are "Student Action"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.studentaction.org |title=Student Action Webpage |publisher=Studentaction.org |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> and "CalSERVE."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.calserve.org |title=CalSERVE Webpage |publisher=Calserve.org |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> The organization was founded in 1887 and has a budget of $1.6 million.

The ASUC's Student Union Program, Entertainment, and Recreation Board (SUPERB) is a student-run, non-profit branch dedicated to providing entertainment for the campus and community. Founded in 1964, SUPERB's programming includes the Friday Film Series, free Noon Concerts on Lower Sproul Plaza, Comedy Competitions, Poker Tournaments, free Sneak Previews of upcoming movies, and more.

====Communications media====
UC Berkeley's student-run online television station, [[CalTV]], was formed in 2005 and broadcasts online. It is run by students with a variety of backgrounds and majors.

UC Berkeley's independent student-run newspaper is ''[[The Daily Californian]]''. Founded in 1871, ''The Daily Cal'' became independent in 1971 after the campus administration fired three senior editors for encouraging readers to take back [[People's Park (Berkeley)|People's Park]].

Berkeley's FM [[Student radio station]], [[KALX]], broadcasts on 90.7 MHz. It is run largely by volunteers, including both students and community members.

Berkeley also features an assortment of student-run magazines, most notably Caliber Magazine. Founded in 2008, [http://www.calibermag.org Caliber Magazine] promotes itself as "the everything magazine" by featuring articles and blogs on a wide range of topics. It has been voted "Best Magazine on Campus" by the readers of the Daily Cal<ref>{{cite web|title=Best of Berkeley: Best of Campus|url=http://www.dailycal.org/2012/04/19/best-of-berkeley-best-of-campus/|publisher=The Daily Californian|accessdate=12/6/2012}}</ref> as well as "Best Publication on Campus" by the ASUC. The magazine comes either in hard copy available at Cal Dining locations or in a digital copy that can be found at their website, [http://www.calibermag.org calibermag.org].

====Student groups====
[[File:Cal band.JPG|thumb|Cal Straw Hat Band (a smaller subset of the Cal Band) playing at [[SeaWorld San Diego|SeaWorld]] in [[San Diego, California]]]]
UC Berkeley has over 1700 established student groups.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}

UC Berkeley has a reputation for [[student activism]], stemming from the 1960s and the Free Speech Movement. Today, Berkeley is known as a lively campus with activism in many forms, from email petitions, presentations on [[Sproul Plaza]] and volunteering, to the occasional protest. During the 2006–2007 school year, there were 94 political student groups on campus including Berkeley MEChA, Berkeley [[American Civil Liberties Union]], Berkeley Students for Life, Campus Greens, The Sustainability Team (STEAM), the [[Berkeley Student Food Collective]], Students for Sensible Drug Policy, Cal Berkeley Democrats, and the Berkeley College Republicans. Berkeley sends the most students to the [[Peace Corps]] of any university in the nation.<ref>[http://www.ucop.edu/pathways/infoctr/introuc/ucb.html Berkeley]{{dead link|date=June 2012}}</ref>

The Residence Hall Assembly (RHA) is the student-run residence hall organization that oversees all aspects of residence wide event planning, legislation, sponsorships and activities for over 6000 on-campus undergraduate residents. Founded in 1988 by the President's Council, it is now funded and supported by the Residential and Student Service Programs department on campus.

The Berkeley Group<ref>{{cite web|url=http://theberkeleygroup.org/ |title=The Berkeley Group |publisher=The Berkeley Group |date=2007-02-11 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> is a student consulting organization affiliated with UC Berkeley and the Haas School of Business. Students of all majors are recruited and trained to work on pro-bono consulting engagements with real-life nonprofit clients.

ImagiCal has been the college chapter of the [[American Advertising Federation]] at Berkeley since the late 1980s. Every year, the team competes in the [[National Student Advertising Competition]]. Students from various backgrounds come together to work on a marketing case provided by the AAF and a corporate sponsor to college chapters across the nation. Most recently, the UC Berkeley team won in their region in 2005, 2009 and 2012, going on to win 4th and 3rd in the nation in 2005 and 2009, respectively.

Democratic Education at Cal, or DeCal, is a program that promotes the creation of professor-sponsored, student-facilitated classes through the Special Studies 98/198 program. DeCal arose out of the 1960s [[Free Speech movement]] and was officially established in 1981. The program offers around 150 courses on a vast range of subjects that appeal to the Berkeley student community, including classes on the [[Rubik's Cube]], [[James Bond]], [[Batman]], the [[Iranian Revolution|The Iranian Revolution]], [[cooking]], [[Israeli folk dancing]], [[3D animation]], [[nuclear weapons]], and [[meditation]].

[[File:Berkeley DM 2009.JPG|thumb|left|[[Berkeley Dance Marathon|Dance Marathon]], one of the campus's student-led fundraising events.]]

There are many [[a cappella]] groups on campus; three groups include the [[UC Men's Octet]],the [[California Golden Overtones]],and Noteworthy, all members of the UC Choral Ensembles. The [[UC Men's Octet]] is an eight-member a cappella group founded in 1948 featuring a repertoire of barbershop, doo-wop, contemporary pop, modern alternative, and fight songs. They are one of only two multiple time champions of the [[International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella|ICCA]], having won the championship in both 1998 and 2000. The California Golden Overtones, founded in 1984, have a very similar repertoire to the Octet. Noteworthy competed in Season 5 of America's Got Talent. It is a tradition for every Berkeley a cappella group to perform under the campus' iconic Sather Gate each week at different times during the week. In addition to a Capella, Berkeley is host to a myriad of other performing arts groups in comedy, dance, acting and instrumental music. A few examples include Jericho! Improv & Sketch Comedy, The Movement, Taiko drumming, BareStage student musical theater, the Remedy Music Project, and Main Stacks Competitive Hip Hop Dance Team.

Since 1967, students and staff jazz musicians have had an opportunity to perform and study with the [[University of California Jazz Ensembles]]. Under the direction of Dr. David W. Tucker, who was hired by the [[Cal Band]] as a composer, arranger, and associate director, but was later asked to direct the jazz ensembles as it grew in popularity and membership, the group grew rapidly from one big band to multiple big bands, numerous combos, and numerous instrumental classes with multiple instructors. For several decades it hosted the Pacific Coast Collegiate Jazz Festival, part of the American Collegiate Jazz Festival, a competitive forum for student musicians. PCCJF brought jazz luminaries such as [[Hubert Laws]], [[Sonny Rollins]], [[Freddie Hubbard]], and [[Ed Shaughnessy]] to the Berkeley campus as performers, clinicians, and adjudicators. The festival later included high school musicians. The jazz ensembles became an effective recruitment tool. Many high school musicians interested in strong academics as well as jazz found that the campus met both interests. Numerous alumni have had successful careers in jazz performance and education including [[Michael Wolff]] and [[Andy Narell]].

UC Berkeley also hosts a large number of conferences, talks, and musical and theatrical performances. Many of these events, including the Annual UC Berkeley Sociological Research Symposium, are completely planned and organized by undergraduate students. The Berkeley Forum is one such student group that organizes panels, debates, and talks by leading experts from a wide variety of fields.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://forum.berkeley.edu/ |title=The Berkeley Forum |publisher=Forum.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2013-06-28}}</ref>

===Athletics===
{{Main|California Golden Bears}}
UC Berkeley's sports teams compete in intercollegiate athletics as the California Golden Bears. They participate in the NCAA's Division I-A as a member of the Pacific-12 Conference. The official school colors, established in 1873 by a committee of students, are Yale Blue and California Gold.<ref name="Resource Guide: Student history">{{cite web|url=http://resource.berkeley.edu/r_html/104history.html|title=Resource Guide: Student history|publisher=University of California, Berkeley|accessdate=February 26, 2010}}</ref> Yale Blue was chosen because many of the university's founders were Yale University graduates (for example Henry Durant, the first university president), while California Gold was selected to represent the Golden State of California. The California Golden Bears have a long history of excellence in athletics, having won national titles in football, men's basketball, baseball, softball, men's and women's crew, men's gymnastics, men's tennis, men's and women's swimming, men's water polo, men's Judo, men's track, and men's rugby. In addition, Cal athletes have won numerous individual NCAA titles in track, gymnastics, swimming and tennis. On January 31, 2009, the school's [[Hurling]] club made athletic history by defeating Stanford in the first collegiate hurling match ever played on American soil.

California finished in first place<ref>http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/nacda/sports/directorscup/auto_pdf/Jan.pdf</ref> in the 2007–2008 Fall U.S. Sports Academy Directors' Cup standings (Now the [[NACDA Directors' Cup]]), a competition measuring the best overall collegiate athletic programs in the country, with points awarded for national finishes in NCAA sports. Cal finished the 2007-2008 competition in seventh place with 1119 points.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nacda.com/auto_pdf/p_hotos/s_chools/nacda/sports/directorscup/auto_pdf/FinalD1 |title=Director's Cup results07-08 |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=March 2, 2012}}</ref>
Most recently, California finished in third place in the 2010–11 NACDA Directors' Cup with 1219.50 points, finishing behind Stanford and Ohio State. This is California's highest ever finish in the Director's Cup.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thedirectorscup.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/finald1standings10-11-2.pdf |title=Director's Cup results10-11 |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=March 2, 2012}}</ref>

Cal's seismically unsafe [[California Memorial Stadium|Memorial Stadium]] reopened September, 2012 after a $321 million renovation. The university incurred a controversial $445 million of debt for the stadium and a new $153 million student athletic center, which it planned to finance with the sale of special stadium endowment seats. However, in June 2013 news surfaced that the university has had trouble selling the seats.<ref>{{cite web|last=Schwab |first=Frank |url=http://sports.yahoo.com/blogs/ncaaf-dr-saturday/cal-stadium-renovation-leaves-school-huge-debt-pay-173428997.html |title=Cal’s new stadium renovation leaves school with huge debt to pay off | Dr. Saturday - Yahoo! Sports |publisher=Sports.yahoo.com |date=2013-06-17 |accessdate=2013-06-28}}</ref> The roughly $18 million interest-only annual payments on the debt consumes 20 percent of Cal's athletics' budget; principal repayment begins in 2032 and is scheduled to conclude in 2113.<ref name="Debt">{{cite web|last=Asimov |first=Nanette |url=http://www.sfchronicle.com/collegesports/article/Cal-scrambling-to-cover-stadium-bill-4604221.php?t=7903d5abac47b02379 |title=Cal scrambling to cover stadium bill |publisher=''San Francisco Chronicle'' |date=2013-06-17 |accessdate=2013-07-20}}</ref>

====California – Stanford rivalry====
{{Main|Big Game (football)}}

[[File:2002 big game flags.jpg|thumb|right|UC Rally Committee running Cal flags across the Memorial Stadium field at the 2002 Big Game. (Note the Stanford visitors section on the left and the UC Berkeley alumni section on the right.)]]The Golden Bears' traditional arch-rivalry is with the Stanford Cardinal. The most anticipated sporting event between the two universities is the annual football game dubbed the Big Game, and it is celebrated with spirit events on both campuses. Since 1933, the winner of the Big Game has been awarded custody of [[the Stanford Axe]].

One of the most famous moments in Big Game history occurred during the 85th Big Game on November 20, 1982. In what has become known as "the band play" or simply [[The Play]], Cal scored the winning touchdown in the final seconds with a kickoff return that involved a series of laterals and the Stanford marching band rushing onto the field.

====National championships====
Berkeley teams have won national championships in baseball (2), men's basketball (2), men's crew (15), women's crew (3), football (5), men's golf (1), men's gymnastics (4), men's lacrosse (1), men's rugby (26), softball (1), men's swimming & diving (4), women's swimming & diving (3), men's tennis (1), men's track & field (1), and men's water polo (13).

==Notable alumni, faculty, and staff==
{{Further|List of University of California, Berkeley alumni|List of University of California, Berkeley faculty|List of Nobel laureates associated with the University of California, Berkeley}}
<gallery perrow="5">
Image:NixonBhutto1973 140x190.jpg|[[Zulfikar Ali Bhutto]], BA 1950,<ref>{{cite web|title=Zulfikar Ali Bhutto|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica Online|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/64265/Zulfikar-Ali-Bhutto}}</ref> 4th [[President of Pakistan]], 9th [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]]
Image:Earl Warren.jpg|[[Earl Warren]], BA 1912, JD 1914, 14th [[Chief Justice of the United States]] former [[Alameda County]] District Attorney; [[California Attorney General]]; 30th [[Governor of California]].
Image:Steven Chu official DOE portrait crop.jpg|[[Steven Chu]], PhD 1976, [[Nobel Prize|Nobel]] laureate and former [[United States Secretary of Energy]]
Image:Granholm speaking to troops, Lansing, 1 Dec, 2005.jpg|[[Jennifer Granholm]], BA 1984, First female [[Governor of Michigan]]
Image:Robert Reich, Policy Network, April 6 2009, detail.jpg|[[Robert Reich]], Professor of Public Policy, 22nd [[United States Secretary of Labor]]
Image:Christina Romer official portrait small.jpg|[[Christina Romer]], Professor of Economics, 25th [[Council of Economic Advisers|Chairperson of the President's Council of Economic Advisers]]
Image:Steve Wozniak.jpg|[[Steve Wozniak]], BS 1986, co-founder of [[Apple Computer]]
Image:Gordon Moore.jpg|[[Gordon Moore]], BS 1950, co-founder of [[semiconductor]] company [[Intel]]
Image: Eric E Schmidt, 2005 (looking left).jpg|[[Eric Schmidt]], MS 1979, PhD 1982, Executive Chairman of [[Google|Google Inc.]]
Image:JerryBrownByPhilKonstantin.jpg|[[Jerry Brown|Edmund Gerald "Jerry" Brown, Jr]], BA 1961, Governor of California, former [[California Attorney General]]
Image:Gregory Peck in Roman Holiday trailer cropped.jpg|[[Gregory Peck]], BA 1939, [[Academy Award]] winning actor
Image:Natalie Coughlin.png|[[Natalie Coughlin]], BA 2005, multiple gold medal winning Olympic swimmer
Image:Chamran.jpg|[[Mostafa Chamran]], Ph.D. 1963, Iranian scientist, Vice President and Defense Minister of [[Iran]]
Image:Crown Prince Håkon (50).jpg|[[Haakon Magnus, Crown Prince of Norway]], BA 1999<ref>"Her Norwegian heritage drew her to projects with the Norwegian Consulate in San Francisco and the Norwegian American Cultural Society, and she hosted a party for Crown Prince Haakon Magnus when he graduated from UC Berkeley in 1999."{{cite news|title=Sigrun Corrigan, Bay Area arts patron, dies|author=Carolyne Zinko|date=July 3, 2008|publisher=San Francisco Chronicle|url=http://articles.sfgate.com/2008-07-03/bay-area/17174224_1_mrs-corrigan-lsi-logic-ballet-san-jose}}</ref>
Image:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|[[Robert McNamara]], BA 1937, President of [[World Bank]] (1968–1981), [[United States Secretary of Defense]] (1961–1968), President of [[Ford Motor Company]] (1960)
File:Daniel KAHNEMAN.jpg|[[Daniel Kahneman]], PhD 1961, awarded the 2002 [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics]] for his work in [[Prospect theory]]
File:Harold Urey.jpg|[[Harold Urey]], PhD 1923, [[Nobel Prize|Nobel]] laureate and discoverer of [[deuterium]]
</gallery>
Kartar Singh Sarabha was an Indian revolutionary who was hanged till death by British rule
in 1915.
[[File:Douglas Engelbart in 2008.jpg|thumb|The [[computer mouse]] was invented by Turing Award laureate [[Doug Engelbart]], B. Eng. 1952, Ph.D. 1955]]
[[List of University of California, Berkeley alumni#Nobel laureates|26 alumni]] and [[List of University of California, Berkeley faculty#Nobel laureates|27 past and present full-time faculty]] are counted among the [[List of Nobel laureates associated with University of California, Berkeley|72 Nobel laureates associated with the university]]. The [[Turing Award]], the "Nobel Prize of computer science", has been awarded to [[List of University of California, Berkeley alumni#Turing Award laureates|nine alumni]] and [[List of University of California, Berkeley faculty#Turing Award|six past and present full-time faculty]].

[[Alumnus|Alumni]] have been involved in the field of [[politics]] and [[international relations]], one of whom is [[Nicholas A. Veliotes]] (1928-). Veliotes went on to become the Ambassador to the [[Country|countries]] of [[Jordan]] (1978–1981) and [[Egypt]] (1984–1986), among holding many other highly prestigious job titles and positions throughout his lengthy career.

Alumni have written novels and screenplays that have attracted Oscar-caliber talent. [[Irving Stone]] (BA 1923) wrote the novel ''[[Lust for Life (novel)|Lust for Life]]'', which was later made into an Academy Award–winning [[Lust for Life (film)|film of the same name]] starring [[Kirk Douglas]] as [[Vincent van Gogh]]. Stone also wrote ''[[The Agony and the Ecstasy (novel)|The Agony and the Ecstasy]]'', which was later made into a [[The Agony and the Ecstasy (film)|film of the same name]] starring Oscar winner [[Charlton Heston]] as [[Michelangelo]]. [[Mona Simpson (novelist)|Mona Simpson]] (BA 1979) wrote the novel ''[[Anywhere But Here (film)|Anywhere But Here]]'', which was later made into a film of the same name starring Oscar-winning actress [[Susan Sarandon]]. [[Terry McMillan]] (BA 1986) wrote ''[[How Stella Got Her Groove Back]]'', which was later made into a film of the same name starring Oscar-nominated actress [[Angela Bassett]]. [[Randi Mayem Singer]] (BA 1979) wrote the screenplay for ''[[Mrs. Doubtfire]]'', which starred Oscar winning actor [[Robin Williams]] and Oscar winning actress [[Sally Field]]. [[Audrey Wells]] (BA 1981) wrote the screenplay ''[[The Truth About Cats & Dogs]]'', which starred Oscar-nominated actress [[Uma Thurman]]. [[James Schamus]] (BA 1982, MA 1987, PhD 2003) has collaborated on screenplays with Oscar winning director [[Ang Lee]] on the Academy Award winning movies ''[[Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon]]'' and ''[[Brokeback Mountain]]''.

[[File:Robert Laughlin, Stanford University.jpg|thumb|[[Robert Laughlin]], BA 1972, Nobel laureate]]
Alumni have made important contributions to science. Some have concentrated their studies on the very small universe of atoms and molecules. [[Nobel Prize|Nobel laureate]] [[William F. Giauque]] (BS 1920, PhD 1922) investigated [[chemical thermodynamics]], Nobel laureate [[Willard Libby]] (BS 1931, PhD 1933) pioneered [[radiocarbon dating]], Nobel laureate [[Willis Lamb]] (BS 1934, PhD 1938) examined the [[hydrogen]] [[spectrum]], Nobel laureate [[Hamilton O. Smith]] (BA 1952) applied [[restriction enzymes]] to [[molecular genetics]], Nobel laureate [[Robert Laughlin]] (BA math 1972) explored the [[fractional quantum Hall effect]], and Nobel laureate [[Andrew Fire]] (BA math 1978) helped to discover [[RNA interference]]-[[gene silencing]] by double-stranded [[RNA]]. Nobel laureate [[Glenn T. Seaborg]] (PhD 1937) collaborated with [[Albert Ghiorso]] (BS 1913) to discover 12 chemical elements, such as ''[[Americium]]'', ''[[Berkelium]]'', and ''[[Californium]]''. [[Carol Greider]] (PhD 1987), professor of molecular biology and genetics at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, was awarded the 2009 [[Nobel Prize in medicine]] for discovering a key mechanism in the genetic operations of cells, an insight that has inspired new lines of research into cancer, and [[Daniel Kahneman]] was awarded the 2002 [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics]] for his work in Prospect theory.

[[John N. Bahcall]] (BS 1956) worked on the [[Standard Solar Model]] and the [[Hubble Space Telescope]],<ref name="Times2005_09_01">{{cite news|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,60-1758833,00.html|publisher=The Times(United Kingdom)|date=September 1, 2005|title=Obituaries – Professor John Bahcall | location=London | accessdate=May 27, 2010|first=Deirdre|last=Hipwell}}</ref> resulting in a [[National Medal of Science]].<ref name="Times2005_09_01"/> [[Peter Smith (scientist)|Peter Smith]] (BS 1969) was the [[principal investigator]] and project leader for the $420 million [[NASA]] robotic explorer ''[[Phoenix (spacecraft)|Phoenix]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uanews.org/node/19742|title=Peter Smith Named Thomas R. Brown Distinguished Chair in Integrative Science|author=[[University of Arizona]] University Communications|date=March 18, 2008}}</ref> which physically confirmed the presence of water on the planet [[Mars]] for the first time.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/phoenix/news/phoenix-20080731.html|title=NASA Spacecraft Confirms Martian Water, Mission Extended|date=July 31, 2008|publisher=NASA}}</ref> Astronauts [[James van Hoften]] (BS 1966), [[Margaret Rhea Seddon]] (BA 1970), [[Leroy Chiao]] (BS 1983), and [[Rex Walheim]] (BS 1984) have physically reached out to the stars, orbiting the earth in NASA's fleet of [[space shuttle]]s.

Undergraduate alumni have founded or co-founded such companies as [[Apple Computer]],<ref name="AppleByWoz">Apple Computer was co -founded by [[Steve Wozniak]]( BS 1986). {{cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1986-05-14/news/vw-5389_1_steve-wozniak|title=A UC Berkeley Degree Is Now the Apple of Steve Wozniak's Eye|date= May 14, 1986|publisher=[[Los Angeles Times]]|author=Harriet Stix}}</ref> [[Intel]],<ref name="IntelByMoore">Intel was co-founded by [[Gordon Moore]] (BS 1950). {{cite web|title=Intel chairman awarded UC Berkeley's highest honor at Silicon Valley tribute|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/96legacy/Moore.html|date=July 17, 1996|author=Jose Rodriguez|publisher=University of California at Berkeley Public Information Office}}</ref> [[LSI Logic]]<ref name="LSIByWalker">LSI Logic was co-founded by Robert Walker (BS EE 1958). {{cite journal|url=http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/4/22516/01050102.pdf?tp=&isnumber=&arnumber=1050102|title=Contributors (1970)|publisher=[[IEEE]] in the IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits|date=1970-08 }}</ref> [[Gap (clothing retailer)|The Gap]],<ref>The Gap was founded by [[Donald Fisher]] (BS 1951), who served as its inaugural president and chairman of the board. {{cite web|url=http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/groups/pubs/calbusiness/fall2009/alumni05.html|title=Obituaries – Business Visionary Don Fisher, BS 51|date=2009 (Fall)|publisher=University of California, Berkeley's Haas School of Business}}</ref> [[MySpace]],<ref name="MySpaceByAnderson">MySpace was co-founded by [[Tom Anderson (MySpace)|Tom Anderson]](BA 1998). {{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2008/jun/23/myspace.tomanderson|publisher=The Guardian (publication in the [[United Kingdom]])|author=Owen Gibson|title=200 million friends and counting|date=June 23, 2008 | location=London}}</ref> [[PowerBar]],<ref>PowerBar was co-founded by [[Brian Maxwell]] (BA 1975) and his wife Jennifer Maxwell (BS 1988). {{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2004/03/22_maxwell.shtml|publisher=UC Berkeley News|title=Cal mourns passing of Brian Maxwell, former coach, runner, PowerBar founder, and philanthropist|date=March 22, 2004}}</ref> [[Berkeley Systems]],<ref name="Joan_Blades">Berkeley Systems and [[MoveOn.org]] were co-founded by [[Joan Blades]] (BA 1977). {{cite web|url=http://www.msmagazine.com/dec03/woty2003_blades.asp|title=Women of the Year 2003 – Joan Blades|author=Ellen Hawkes|publisher=[[Ms. (magazine)]]|date=2003 (Winter)}}</ref> [[Bolt, Beranek and Newman]]<ref>Bolt, Beranek and Newman was co-founded by [[Richard Bolt]] (BA 1933, MA 1937, PhD 1939). {{cite web|url=http://acousticalsociety.org/about/awards/gold/12_10_10_bolt|title=Acoustical Society of America Gold Medal Award – 1979 Richard Henry Bolt|year=1979|publisher=[[Acoustical Society of America]]|author=Leo L. Beranek}}</ref> (which created a number of underlying technologies that govern the [[Internet]]), [[Chez Panisse]],<ref>Chez Panisse was founded by [[Alice Waters]] (BA 1967). {{cite news|url=http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/reference/timestopics/people/w/alice_waters/index.html|title=Alice Waters|publisher=New York Times | first=Andrew | last=Martin | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}; and {{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/1996/08/14/garden/alice-waters-food-revolutionary.html|title=Alice Waters: Food Revolutionary|author=Marian Burros|date=August 14, 1996 | work=The New York Times}}</ref> [[GrandCentral]] (known now as [[Google Voice]]),<ref>[[GrandCentral]] (known now as Google Voice) was co-founded by [[Craig Walker (businessman)|Craig Walker]] (B.A. 1988, J.D. 1995). {{cite journal|url=http://www.law.berkeley.edu/institutes/bclt/entrepreneurship/speakers.html#walker|title=A Symposium on Intellectual Property and Entrepreneurship March 7–8, 2008 – Speakers|publisher=Berkeley Center for Law & Technology, Berkeley Technology Law Journal|year=2008}}</ref> [[Advent Software]],<ref>Advent Software was founded by [[Stephanie DiMarco]] (BS Business 1979) and Steve Strand (BS EECS 1979). {{cite web|url=http://coe.berkeley.edu/engnews/Spring06/EN13S/advent.html|title=How to build a successful software company|date=April 17, 2006|publisher=Engineering News (College of Engineering, UC Berkeley)}}</ref> [[HTC Corporation]],<ref name="HTC_VIA">HTC Corporation and VIA Technologies were co-founded by [[Cher Wang]] (BA 1980, MA 1981). {{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/27/technology/companies/27wang.html|author= Laura Holson |date=October 26, 2008|title=With Smartphones, Cher Wang Made Her Own Fortune|publisher= New York Times}}</ref> [[VIA Technologies]],<ref name="HTC_VIA"/> [[Marvell Technology Group]],<ref>Marvell Technology Group was founded by Weili Dai, (BA Computer Science 1984) and her husband Sehat Sutardja (MS 1983, PhD 1988 EECS) and brother-in-law Pantas Sutardjai (MS 1983, PhD 1988 ). {{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2009/02/27_citris.shtml| author=Sarah Yang|date=February 27, 2009|title=Dedication of new CITRIS headquarters marks new stage of innovation to help fuel economic growth|publisher=University of California, Berkeley and the UC Regents}}</ref> MoveOn.org,<ref name="Joan_Blades"/> [[Opsware]],<ref>Opsware was co-founded by In Sik Rhee (BS EECS 1993).{{cite news|url=http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/8.08/loudcloud_pr.html|author=David Sheff|date=2008-08|title=Crank it up|publisher=[[Wired Magazine]]}}</ref> [[RedOctane]],<ref>RedOctane was co-founded by brothers Charles Huang (BA 1992 ) and Kai Huang (BA CS 1994). {{cite web|url=http://www.inc.com/magazine/20081001/just-play_pagen_5.html|title=Just Play – Guitar Hero|publisher=[[Inc Magazine]]|author=Don Steinberg|date=October 1, 2008}}</ref> [[SanDisk]],<ref>SanDisk was co-founded by Sanjay Mehrotra (BS 1978, MS EE 1980). {{cite web|url=http://sandisk.com/about-sandisk/management|title=Corporate Officers|publisher=SanDisk}}</ref> [[Scharffen Berger Chocolate Maker]],<ref>Scharffen Berger Chocolate Maker was co-founded by John Scharffenberger (BA 1973). {{cite web|url=http://www.dailycal.org/article/104091/berkeley_scharffen_berger_factory_to_close|title=Berkeley Scharffen Berger Factory to Close|publisher=[[Daily Californian]]|author=Jessica Kwong|date=January 29, 2009}}</ref> [[VMware]],<ref name="VMwareByWangEtAl">VMware was co-founded by Edward Wang (BS EECS 1983, MS 1988, PhD 1994), along with Diane Greene (MS CS 1988) and her husband Mendel Rosenblum (MS 1989, PhD 1992). {{cite web|url=http://www.vmware.com/company/leadership.html|publisher=VMware|title=VMware Leadership}}</ref> and [[Zilog]],<ref>Zilog was co-founded by Ralph Ungermannn (BSEE 1964). {{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/1988/02/19/business/business-people-ungermann-bass-chairman-finds-a-merger-he-likes.html?pagewanted=1|publisher=New York Times|title=BUSINESS PEOPLE; Ungermann-Bass Chairman Finds a Merger He Likes|author=Lawrence M. Fisher|date=February 19, 1988}}</ref> while graduate school alumni have co-founded companies such as [[DHL Express|DHL]],<ref>DHL was co-founded by [[Larry Hillblom]] (Law 1969). {{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/1995/05/23/us/larry-l-hillblom-52-founder-of-dhl-worldwide-express.html?pagewanted=1|title=Larry L. Hillblom, 52, Founder Of DHL Worldwide Express|author=Saul Hansell|date=May 23, 1995|publisher=New York Times}}</ref> [[Google Earth|KeyHole Inc]] (known now as Google Earth),<ref>KeyHole Inc (known now as Google Earth) was co-founded by John Hanke (MBA 1996). {{cite web|url=http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/innovation/innovation1.html|publisher=University of California, Berkeley|title=Haas Alumnus Maps the Future at Google Earth}}</ref> [[Sun Microsystems]],<ref name="SunByJoy">Sun Microsystems was co-founded by [[Bill Joy]] (MS 1982). {{cite web|url=http://www.engin.umich.edu/newscenter/feature/goffsmith/|title=2009 Goff Smith Lecture: Bill Joy, The Promise of Green Technologies|date=October 16, 2009|publisher=[[University of Michigan]] College of Engineering}}</ref> and [[The Learning Company]].<ref>The Learning Company was co-founded by [[Warren Robinett]] (MS 1976). {{cite web|url=http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/login.jsp?url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fiel5%2F7729%2F35735%2F01695940.pdf%3Farnumber%3D1695940&authDecision=-203|title=Effect of Conductance Variability on Resistor-Logic Demultiplexers for Nanoelectronics|publisher=IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnolgy|author=IEEE|date=2006-11|authorlink=IEEE}}</ref> Berkeley alumni have also led various technology companies such as [[Electronic Arts]],<ref name="EaCEORiccittiello">[[John Riccitiello]] (BS 1981) has served as the CEO of Electronic Arts since 2007, and previously served as the president and COO of the company from 1996 to 2003. He is also the co-founder of [[Elevation Partners]] (with [[U2 (band)|U2]] singer [[Bono]]). {{cite web|url= http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/groups/pubs/calbusiness/fall2007/profile_riccitiello.html|title=University of California Berkeley, Haas School of Business – John Riccitiello, BS 81|author= HarmonyService |publisher= Haas School of Business, University of California Berkeley|date= Fall 2007}}</ref> [[Google]],<ref name="GoogleCEOSchmidt">[[Eric Schmidt]] (MS 1979, PhD 1982) has been the CEO of [[Google]] since 2001. {{cite web|url= http://coe.berkeley.edu/labnotes/0103/history.html|title=Lab Notes: Research from the Berkeley College of Engineering – Eric Schmidt Searches and Finds Success (Again)|author=David Pescovitz|publisher= College of Engineering, University of California Berkeley, |date= Jan/Feb 2003 (Volume 3, Issue 1)}}</ref>
[[Adobe Systems]],<ref name="AdobeCEONarayen">[[Shantanu Narayen]] (MBA 1993) has been the CEO of [[Adobe Systems]] since 2007. {{cite web|url=http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/groups/alumni/halloffame/alumni/narayen.html|title=Shantanu Narayen MBA 93|author=University of California Berkeley, Haas School of Business
|publisher=University of California Berkeley, Haas School of Business|year=2009}}</ref> and [[Qualcomm]].<ref name="QualcommCEOJacobs">Paul Jacobs (BS 1984, MS 1986, PhD 1989 EECS) has been the CEO of Qualcomm since 2005. {{cite web|url=http://innovations.coe.berkeley.edu/vol2-issue10-nov08/pauljacobs|title= Mobile Phone Metamorphosis|author=Abby Cohn|publisher="Innovations" by UC Berkeley College of Engineering|date=November 2008 (Volume 2 Issue 10)}}</ref>

[[File:Ken n dennis.jpg|thumb|Turing Award laureate [[Ken Thompson]] (left), BS 1965, MS 1966, with fellow laureate and colleague [[Dennis Ritchie]] (right); together, they created [[Unix]]]]
Berkeley alumni nurtured a number of key technologies associated with the [[personal computer]] and the development of the Internet.<ref>"Berkeley Unix worked so well that [[DARPA]] chose it for the preferred 'universal computing environment' to link [[Arpanet]] research nodes, thus setting in place an essential piece of infrastructure for the later growth of the Internet. An entire generation of computer scientists cut their teeth on Berkeley Unix. Without it, the Net might well have evolved into a shape similar to what it is today, but with it, the Net exploded." {{cite web|url=http://www.salon.com/tech/fsp/2000/05/16/chapter_2_part_one/print.html|title=BSD Unix: Power to the people, from the code|author=Andrew Leonard|publisher=[[Salon.com]]|date=May 16, 2000}}</ref> [[Unix]] was created by alumnus [[Ken Thompson]] (BS 1965, MS 1966) along with colleague [[Dennis Ritchie]]. Alumni such as [[L. Peter Deutsch]]<ref>Deutsch was awarded a 1992 citation by the [[Association for Computing Machinery]] for his work on [[Interlisp]]({{cite web|url=http://awards.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2925352&srt=all&aw=149&ao=SOFTWSYS|title=ACM Award Citation – L. Peter Deustch}})</ref><ref>L. Peter Deutsch is profiled on pages 30, 31, 43, 53, 54, 66 (which mentions Deutsch beginning his freshman year at Berkeley), and page 87 in the following book: {{cite book|title=Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution|author=Steven Levy|publisher=[[Penguin Books]]|date=January 2, 2001|isbn=0-385-19195-2|authorlink=Steven Levy}}</ref><ref>L. Peter Deutsch is profiled in pages 69, 70–72, 118, 146, 227, 230, 280, 399 of the following book: {{cite book|title=Dealers of Lightning: Xerox PARC and the Dawn of the Computer Age|author=Michael A. Hiltzik|publisher=Collins Business|isbn=0-88730-891-0 }}</ref> (PhD 1973), [[Butler Lampson]] (PhD 1967), and [[Charles P. Thacker]] (BS 1967)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.computerhistory.org/fellowawards/index.php?id=112|publisher=[[Computer History Museum]]|year=2007|title=Fellow Awards – Charles Thacker}}</ref> worked with Ken Thompson on [[Project Genie]] and then formed the ill-fated [[United States Department of Defense|US Department of Defense]]-funded Berkeley Computer Corporation (BCC), which was scattered throughout the Berkeley campus in non-descript offices to avoid anti-war protestors.<ref>{{cite book|title=Dealers of Lightning: Xerox Parc and the Dawn of the Computer Age|author=Michael A. Hiltzik|publisher=Collins Business|page=70|isbn=0-88730-891-0}}</ref> After BCC failed, Deutsch, Lampson, and Thacker joined [[Xerox PARC]], where they developed a number of pioneering computer technologies, culminating in the [[Xerox Alto]] that inspired the [[Apple Macintosh]]. In particular, the Alto used a [[computer mouse]], which had been invented by [[Doug Engelbart]] (B.Eng 1952, Ph.D. 1955). Thompson, Lampson, Engelbart, and Thacker<ref>{{cite news|publisher=[[USA Today]]|title=Charles Thacker wins Turing Award, computing's 'Nobel prize'|author=Elizabeth Weise|date=March 15, 2010|url=http://content.usatoday.com/communities/sciencefair/post/2010/03/charles-thacker-wins-turing-award-computings-nobel-prize/1}}</ref> all later received a Turing Award. Also at Xerox PARC was Ronald V. Schmidt (BS 1966, MS 1968, PhD 1971), who became known as "the man who brought [[Ethernet]] to the masses".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C01E2DE163AF934A15751C0A962958260|title=Sound Bytes; On Building a Better Highway|author=Lawrence M. Fisher|publisher=The New York Times|date=February 27, 1994}}</ref> Another Xerox PARC researcher, [[Charles Simonyi]] (BS 1972), pioneered the first [[WYSIWIG]] [[word processor]] program and was recruited personally by [[Bill Gates]] to join the fledgling company known as [[Microsoft]] to create [[Microsoft Word]]. Simonyi later became the first repeat [[space tourist]], blasting off on Russian [[Soyuz (rocket)|Soyuz]] rockets to work at the [[International Space Station]] orbiting the earth.

In 1977, a graduate student in the computer science department named Bill Joy (MS 1982) assembled<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.salon.com/tech/fsp/2000/05/16/chapter_2_part_one/print.html|title=BSD Unix: Power to the people, from the code|author=Andrew Leonard|publisher=[[Salon.com]]|date=May 16, 2000}}</ref> the original [[Berkeley Software Distribution]], commonly known as [[BSD Unix]]. Joy, who went on to co-found Sun Microsystems, also developed the original version of the [[Computer display|terminal]] console editor [[vi]], while [[Ken Arnold]] (BA 1985) created [[Curses (programming library)|Curses]], a terminal control [[Library (computer science)|library]] for [[Unix-like]] systems that enables the construction of [[Text user interface|text user interface (TUI)]] applications. Working alongside Joy at Berkeley were undergraduates [[William Jolitz]] (BS 1997) and his future wife [[Lynne Jolitz]] (BA 1989), who together created [[386BSD]], a version of BSD Unix that runs on Intel CPUs and evolved into the [[Comparison of BSD operating systems|BSD family of free operating systems]] and the [[Darwin (operating system)|Darwin operating system]] underlying [[Apple Inc.|Apple]] [[Mac OS X]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.salon.com/tech/feature/2000/05/17/386bsd/print.html|title=The unknown hackers – Open-source pioneers Bill and Lynne Jolitz may be the most famous programmers you've never heard of|author=Rachel Chalmers|publisher=[[Salon.com]]|date=May 17, 2000}}</ref> [[Eric Allman]] (BS 1977, MS 1980) created [[SendMail]], a Unix [[mail transfer agent]] that delivers about 12% of the [[email]] in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.securityspace.com/s_survey/data/man.201112/mxsurvey.html|publisher=Security Space|title=Mail (MX) Server Survey|date=January 1, 2012|author=E-Soft Inc}}</ref>

The [[EXperimental Computing Facility|XCF]], an undergraduate research group located in [[Soda Hall]], has been responsible for a number of notable software projects, including [[GTK+]] (created by [[Peter Mattis]], BS 1997), [[The GIMP]] ([[Spencer Kimball (computer programmer)|Spencer Kimball]], BS 1996), and the initial diagnosis of the [[Morris worm]].<ref>{{cite web | title = eXperimental Computer Facility's proud present and impressive past | date = February 10, 2003 | publisher = [http://www.coe.berkeley.edu/ Engineering News] | url = http://www.coe.berkeley.edu/engnews/spring03/4S/XCF.html | accessdate = February 13, 2009}}</ref> In 1992 [[Pei-Yuan Wei]],<ref>Pei-Yuan Wei's contributions are profiled on pages 56, 64, 68, and 83, in the [[World Wide Web]] creator's autobiography ({{cite book| title=Weaving the Web|author=Tim Berners-Lee|publisher=Collins Business|date=November 7, 2001| isbn=0-06-251586-1|authorlink=Tim Berners-Lee}})</ref> an undergraduate at the XCF, created [[ViolaWWW]], one of the first graphical web browsers. ViolaWWW was the first browser to have embedded scriptable objects, stylesheets, and tables. In the spirit of Open Source, he donated the code to Sun Microsystems, inspiring [[Java (programming language)|Java]] applets( [[Kim Polese]] (BS 1984) was the original product manager for Java at Sun Microsystems.) ViolaWWW also inspired researchers at the [[National Center for Supercomputing Applications]] to create the [[Mosaic web browser]],<ref>{{cite book| title=Weaving the Web|author=Tim Berners-Lee|publisher=Collins Business|date=November 7, 2001|pages=68, 83| isbn=0-06-251586-1|authorlink=Tim Berners-Lee}}</ref> a pioneering [[web browser]] that became Microsoft [[Internet Explorer]].

[[File:KathyBaker.jpg|thumb|[[Emmy]]- and [[Golden Globe Award]]- award winning actress Kathy Baker, BA 1977]]
Collectively, alumni have won at least twenty [[Academy Awards]]. [[Gregory Peck]] (BA 1939), nominated for four Oscars during his career, won an Oscar for acting in ''[[To Kill a Mockingbird (film)|To Kill a Mockingbird]]''. [[Chris Innis]] (BA 1991) won the 2010 Oscar for film editing for her work on best picture winner, ''[[The Hurt Locker]]''. [[Walter Plunkett]] (BA 1923 ) won an Oscar for costume design (for ''[[An American in Paris]]''). [[Freida Lee Mock]] (BA 1961) and [[Charles H. Ferguson]] (BA 1978) have each<ref>Freida Lee Mock (BA 1961) won an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature in 1995 for ''[[Maya Lin: A Strong Clear Vision]]''. {{cite web|url=http://www.pbs.org/pov/behindthelens/mock.php|title=Behind the Lens- Extended Interviews with POV Filmmakers |publisher=[[Public Broadcasting Service]] and American Documentary Inc.| date=March 4, 2011}}</ref><ref>Charles H. Ferguson (BA 1978) won an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature in 2011 for ''[[Inside Job (film)|Inside Job]]''. {{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2011/feb/28/inside-job-best-documentary-oscar|publisher=The Guardian (United Kingdom)|date=February 28, 2011|author=Andrew Pulver|title=Oscars 2011: Inside Job banks best documentary award}}</ref> won an Oscar for documentary filmmaking. Mark Berger (BA 1964) has won four Oscars for sound mixing and is an adjunct professor at UC Berkeley.<ref>{{cite web|title=UC Berkeley Professor Mixes Sound for Award Winning Films|author=Jawad Qadir|date=March 31, 2010|url=http://archive.dailycal.org/article/108855/uc_berkeley_professor_mixes_sound_for_award-winnin|publisher=The Daily Californian}}</ref> [[Edith Head]] (BA 1918), who was nominated for 34 Oscars during her career, won eight Oscars for costume design. [[Joe Letteri]] (BA 1981<ref>{{cite journal|journal=California Magazine|date=June 2003|title=Talk of the Gown – Blues in the News|publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}</ref>) has won four Oscars for Best Visual Effects in the [[James Cameron]] film ''[[Avatar (2009 film)|Avatar]]'' and the [[Peter Jackson]] films ''[[King Kong (2005 film)|King Kong]]'', ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers|The Two Towers]]'', and ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King|The Return of the King]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://triblive.com/home/1187547-85/movies-letteri-effects-oscar-movie-fourth-lord-native-rings-special|title=Beaver County native wins fourth Oscar for visual effects|author=Sandra Fischione Donovan|publisher=[[Pittsburgh Tribune-Review]]|date=March 12, 2010}}</ref>

Alumni have collectively won at least twenty-five [[Emmy Awards]]: Jon Else (BA 1968) for cinematography; [[Andrew Schneider]] (BA 1973) for screenwriting; Linda Schacht (BA 1966, MA 1981), two for broadcast journalism;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/groups/newspubs/haasnews/archives/hn022001.html|title=Haas NewsWire, February 20, 2001|publisher=Haas School of Business and the University of California, Berkeley|date=February 20, 2001}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url= http://journalism.berkeley.edu/program/television/faculty/|title=Television Program Faculty and Lecturers|publisher=Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism and the Regents of the [[University of California]]}}</ref> Christine Chen (dual BA's 1990), two for broadcast journalism;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asianhalloffame.org/ceremony.htm#christinechen|year=2007|publisher=Robert Chinn Foundation|title=Asian Hall of Fame – Induction Ceremony}}</ref> Kristen Sze (BA), two for broadcast journalism;<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[KGO-TV|KGO]] News|title=Meet the Team – Kristen Sze|url=http://abclocal.go.com/kgo/bio?section=resources/inside_station/newsteam&id=5771724}}</ref> [[Kathy Baker]] (BA 1977), three for acting; Ken Milnes (BS 1977), four for broadcasting technology; and [[Leroy Sievers]] (BA),<ref name="ABCNews_Sievers_2008_08_16">{{cite journal|url=http://www.abcnews.go.com/print?id=5197492|title=Colon Cancer Claims Veteran Journalist Leroy Sievers|date=August 16, 2008|publisher=[[ABC News]]|author=}}</ref> twelve for production.

[[File:Robert Penn Warren.jpg|thumb|left|upright|[[Robert Penn Warren]], M.A. 1927 – novelist and poet, who received the Pulitzer Prize three times]]
Alumni collectively have won at least eight Pulitzer Prizes. Pulitzer Prize winning journalist [[Marguerite Higgins]] (BA 1941) was a pioneering female war correspondent<ref>"General Walton H. Walker had ordered her out of [[Korea]]..... Like many another soldier, old and young, General Walker was convinced that women do not belong in a combat zone... General [[Douglas MacArthur]] reversed Walker's ruling. To the Herald Tribune, MacArthur sent a soothing telegram: 'Ban on women correspondents in Korea has been lifted. Marguerite Higgins is held in highest professional esteem by everyone.'" {{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,821303,00.html|title=The Press: Last Word|publisher=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date=July 31, 1950}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=The Press: Pride of the Regiment|publisher=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,813360-1,00.html|date=September 25, 1950}}</ref> who covered World War II, the [[Korean War]], and the [[Vietnam War]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,835015-1,00.html|publisher=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|title=Columnists: Lady at War|date=January 14, 1966}}</ref> Novelist [[Robert Penn Warren]] (MA 1927) won three Pulitzer Prizes,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.biography.com/articles/Robert-Penn-Warren-9524366|publisher=[[The Biography Channel]]|title=Robert Penn Warren|author=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.|year=2008 }}</ref> including one for his novel ''[[All the King's Men]]'', which was later made into an Academy Award winning<ref>Nominated for seven Academy Awards, ''[[All the King's Men (1949 film)|All the King's Men]]'' won Oscars for [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]] of 1949, [[Academy Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]] ([[Broderick Crawford]]), and [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]] ([[Mercedes McCambridge]]){{cite news|url=http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/1609/All-the-King-s-Men/overview|title=All the King's Men – Review Summary|author=Bosley Crowther|publisher=The New York Times | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}</ref> [[All the King's Men (1949 film)|movie]]. Pulitzer Prize winning cartoonist [[Rube Goldberg]] (BS 1904) invented the comically complex—yet ultimately trivial—contraptions known as [[Rube Goldberg machine]]s . Journalist Alexandra Berzon (MA 2006) won a Pulitzer Prize in 2009,<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.dailycal.org/article/105393/journalism_school_alumna_part_of_pulitzer-prize_wi|date=April 23, 2009|title=Journalism School Alumna Part Of Pulitzer-Prize Winning Staff|author=Shannon Lee|publisher=The Daily Californian}}</ref> and journalist [[Matt Richtel]] (BA 1989), who also co-authors the comic strip ''[[Rudy Park]]'' under the pen name of "Theron Heir",<ref>{{cite news|url=http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/reference/timestopics/people/r/matt_richtel/index.html|title=Matt Richtel|publisher=The New York Times|date=April 12, 2010 | accessdate=May 27, 2010 | first1=Ashlee | last1=Vance}}</ref> won the 2010 Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pulitzer.org/biography/2010-National-Reporting|title=Matt Richtel|year=2010|publisher=The Pulitzer Prizes}}</ref> Pulitzer Prize-winning historian [[Leon Litwack]] (BA<ref>{{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/berkeleyan/2005/09/14_litwack.shtml|title=Leon Litwack Rocks|publisher=The Berkeleyan and the UC Berkeley NewsCenter|date=September 14, 2005|author=Cathy Cockrell}}</ref> 1951, PhD 1958 ) taught as a professor at UC Berkeley for 43 years;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2007/05/08_litwack.shtml|title=Leon Litwack's last stand|date=May 8, 2007|author=Cathy Cockrell|publisher=UC Berkeley NewsCenter (University of California, Berkeley)}}</ref> [[List of University of California, Berkeley faculty#Pulitzer Prize|three other]] UC Berkeley professors have also received the Pulitzer Prize.

Alumni have acted in classic television series that are still broadcast on TV today. [[Karen Grassle]] (BA 1965) played the mother [[Caroline Ingalls]] in ''[[Little House on the Prairie (TV series)|Little House on the Prairie]]'', [[Jerry Mathers]] (BA 1974) starred in ''[[Leave it to Beaver]]'', and [[Roxann Dawson]] (BA 1980) portrayed [[B'Elanna Torres]] on ''[[Star Trek: Voyager]]''.

Former undergraduates have participated in the contemporary music industry, such as ''[[Grateful Dead]]'' bass guitarist [[Phil Lesh]], ''[[The Police]]'' drummer [[Stewart Copeland]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://movies.nytimes.com/person/85855/Stewart-Copeland/biography|author=Rovi of All Movie Guide|publisher=The New York Times|title=Stewart Copeland}}</ref> ''[[Rolling Stone Magazine]]'' founder [[Jann Wenner]], ''[[The Bangles]]'' lead singer [[Susanna Hoffs]] (BA 1980), ''[[Counting Crows]]'' lead singer [[Adam Duritz]], [[MTV]] correspondent [[Suchin Pak]] (BA 1997),<ref>{{cite web|publisher=MTV|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/correspondents/pak/bio.jhtml|title=SuChin Pak Biography – Reporter, Host and Interviewer – MTV News}}</ref> ''[[AFI (band)|AFI]]'' musicians [[Davey Havok]] and [[Jade Puget]] (BA 1996), and solo artist [[Marié Digby]] (''[[Say It Again (Digby song)|Say It Again]]''). ''[[People Magazine]]'' included ''[[Third Eye Blind]]'' lead singer and songwriter [[Stephan Jenkins]] (BA 1987) in the magazine's list of "50 Most Beautiful People".<ref>{{cite web|date=May 10, 1999|publisher=[[People Magazine]]|title=Stephan Jenkins: Musician|url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20128175,00.html}}</ref>

Alumni have also participated in the world of sports. Tennis athlete [[Helen Wills Moody]] (BA 1925) won 31 [[Grand Slam (tennis)|Grand Slam]] titles, including eight singles titles at [[The Championships, Wimbledon|Wimbledon]]. [[Tarik Glenn]] (BA 1999) is a [[Super Bowl XLI]] champion. [[Michele Tafoya]] (BA 1988) is a sports television reporter for [[ABC Sports]] and [[ESPN]].<ref>{{cite web|title= Michele Tafoya – ESPN's Monday Night Football Sideline Reporter; Play-By-Play and Sideline Commentator|url=http://www.espnmediazone.com/bios/Talent/Tafoya_Michele.htm|publisher=ESPN}}</ref> [[Sports agent]] [[Leigh Steinberg]] ( BA 1970, JD 1973) has represented professional athletes such as [[Steve Young (American football)|Steve Young]], [[Troy Aikman]], and [[Oscar de la Hoya]]; Steinberg has been called the real-life inspiration<ref>{{cite news|title='Jerry Maguire aspires to be you'|author=Daniel Roberts and Pablo S. Torre|publisher=Sports illustrated|date=2012-04-11|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2012/magazine/04/10/steinberg/index.html}}</ref> for the title character in the Oscar-winning<ref>''Jerry Maguire'' was nominated for 5 Academy Awards, and won for Best Supporting Actor ([[Cuba Gooding, Jr.]]).</ref> film ''[[Jerry Maguire]]'' (portrayed by [[Tom Cruise]]). [[Matt Biondi]] (BA 1988) won eight Olympic gold medals during his swimming career, in which he participated in three different Olympics. At the [[Beijing Olympics]] in 2008, [[Natalie Coughlin]] (BA 2005) became the first American female athlete in modern Olympic history<ref name="Aron2008_08_18">"The six medals she won are the most by an American woman in any sport, breaking the record she tied four years ago. Her career total matches the third-most by any U.S. athlete." {{cite news|url=http://stats.cbc.ca/olympics/story.asp?i=20080817063823933328708&%20ref=rec&tm=&src=OLYMPICS_DOLY_SWM|title=Coughlin's 6 medals most by a US woman|author=Jaime Aron|date=August 17, 2008|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]}}</ref> to win six medals in one Olympics. (A panel of ''[[Sports Illustrated]]'''s [[Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue|swimsuit models]] voted Coughlin as one of the Top 20 Best-Looking Female Athletes.<ref>{{cite news|title=SI's Swimsuit Models rank the best-looking athletes|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2006/scorecard/12/19/hot_landing/index.html
|publisher=Sports Illustrated|date= December 19, 2006 | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}</ref><ref>Natalie Coughlin's ''Sports Illustrated'' photo is at {{cite news|title=Best Looking Athletes – 13 – Natalie Coughlin – Swimming
|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/multimedia/photo_gallery/0611/gallery.prettypeople.women20/content.8.html|publisher=Sports Illustrated|date= December 19, 2006 | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}</ref>)

There are at least 14 living alumni billionaires: Gordon Moore (Intel founder), Bill Joy (computer programmer and Sun Microsystems founder), Eric Schmidt (Google Chairman), Bassam Alghanim (wealthiest Kuwaiti), Charles Simonyi (Microsoft), Cher Wang (HTC, wealthiest Taiwanese), Robert Haas (Levi's), [[Donald Fisher]] (Gap), Carlos Rodriguez-Pastor <ref>[http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-08-03/publicity-shy-tycoon-forging-modern-peru-amid-expanding-economy.htmland ]{{dead link|date=July 2013}}</ref> (Interbank, Peru), [[Fayez Sarofim]], [[Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway]], [[James Harris Simons]], and [[Michael Milken]].

==See also==
{{Portal|San Francisco Bay Area|University}}
* [[Higher Education Recruitment Consortium]]
* [[List of forestry universities and colleges]]
* [[Pacific Film Archive]]
* [[University of California Museum of Paleontology]]

==Notes and references==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading and viewing==
* {{cite book
| first = Gray
| last = Brechin
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 1999
| month =
| title = Imperial San Francisco
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = UC Press Ltd
| location =
| isbn = 0-520-21568-0
| url =
}}
* {{cite book
| first = Susan Dinkelspiel
| last = Cerny
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 2001
| month =
| title = Berkeley Landmarks: An Illustrated Guide to Berkeley, California's Architectural Heritage
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association
| location =
| isbn = 0-9706676-0-4
| url =
}}
* {{cite book
| first = Jo
| last = Freeman
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 2003
| month =
| title = At Berkeley in the Sixties: The Education of an Activist, 1961–1965
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = Indiana University Press
| location =
| isbn = 0-253-21622-2
| url =
}}
* {{cite book
| first = Harvey
| last = Helfand
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 2001
| month =
| title = University of California, Berkeley
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = Princeton Architectural Press
| location =
| isbn = 1-56898-293-3
| url =
}}
* {{cite book | first = MFEM | last = Owens | year = 2004 | title = America's Best Value Colleges| edition = | publisher = The Princeton Review | isbn = 0-375-76373-2 | url =}}
* {{cite book
| first = W. J.
| last = Rorabaugh
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 1990
| month =
| title = Berkeley at War: The 1960s
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = Oxford University Press
| location =
| isbn = 0-19-506667-7
| url =
}}
* {{cite AV media
| people = [[Frederick Wiseman|Wiseman, Frederick]] (Director)
| year = 2013
| title = At Berkeley
| trans_title =
| medium = Motion picture
| language =
| url =
| accessdate =
| archiveurl =
| archivedate =
| format =
| time =
| location =
| publisher = Zipporah Films
| id =
| isbn =
| oclc =
| quote =
| ref =
}}
* {{cite book
| first = Geoffrey
| last = Wong
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 2001
| month =May
| title = A Golden State of Mind
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = Trafford Publishing
| location =
| isbn = 1-55212-635-8
| url =
}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [http://www.berkeley.edu/ Official website]
* [http://www.calbears.com/ Official athletics website]
* {{Cite Collier's|California, University of}}
* {{dmoz|Reference/Education/Colleges_and_Universities/North_America/United_States/California/University_of_California/Berkeley/}}

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University of California, Berkeley

2013-11-19T00:15:57Z

Casecrer: The use of non-free material should be minimized, but this secondary seal is non-essential information. See discussion page.

{{pp-move-indef}}
{{Infobox university
|name = University of California, Berkeley
|motto = ''[[Fiat lux]]'' ([[Latin]])
|mottoeng = [[Let there be light]]
|established = March 23, 1868
|image_name = The University of California 1868.svg
|image_size = 200px
|caption = [[Seal (emblem)|Seal]] of U.C. Berkeley
|type = [[Flagship university|Flagship]] [[Public University|Public]]
|calendar = [[Semester]]
|endowment = $3.03 billion<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/_files/report/UC_Annual_Endowment_Report_FY2011-2012.pdf |title=UC Annual Endowment Report, Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012; p.4 |accessdate=2013-01-07 |publisher=Office of the Treasurer of the Regents of the University of California|format=PDF}}</ref>
|chancellor = [[Nicholas Dirks]]
|students = 36,204 (Fall 2013)
|undergrad = 25,951 (Fall 2013)<ref name="Total Enrollment by Level, Gender, and Ethnicity">{{cite web|url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/enrollmentData.html |title=UC Berkeley Enrollment Data |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=July 29, 2012}}</ref>
|postgrad = 10,253 (Fall 2013)<ref name="Total Enrollment by Level, Gender, and Ethnicity"/>
|doctoral =
|city = [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]]
|state = [[California]]
|country = [[United States]]
|campus = [[Urban area|Urban]] 
Total {{convert|1232|acre|ha}} Core Campus {{convert|178|acre|ha}}<ref name="Facts at a glance">{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/about/fact.shtml |format=PDF |title=Facts at a glance |year=2010-11 |publisher=University of California - Berkeley |accessdate=July 31, 2013}}</ref>
Total land owned {{convert|6679|acre|ha}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://regents.universityofcalifornia.edu/regmeet/nov12/f8attach1.pdf |format=PDF |title=UC Financial Reports– Campus Facts in Brief, p.10 |year=2011-12 |publisher=University of California}}</ref>
|colors = {{Color box|#010066}} [[Yale Blue]] {{Color box|#FFCC33}} [[UCLA Gold|California Gold]]
|nickname = Golden Bears
|mascot = [[Oski the Bear]]
|athletics = 27 Varsity Teams [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] [[Division I (NCAA)|Division I]] '''[[California Golden Bears]]'''
|free_label = [[Nobel Laureates]]
|free = 72<ref>[[List of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of California, Berkeley]] ''List of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of California, Berkeley''</ref>
|free_label2 = Yearbook
|free nickname2 = The Blue & Gold
|affiliations = [[Association of American Universities|AAU]] [[International Alliance of Research Universities|IARU]] [[Pacific-12 Conference|Pacific-12]] [[University of California]]
|publictransit = [[Downtown Berkeley (BART station)|Downtown Berkeley BART]]
|website = [http://berkeley.edu/ Berkeley.edu]
|logo = [[File:Berkeley Horizontal Logo.PNG|240px]]
}}

The '''University of California, Berkeley''' (also referred to as '''UC Berkeley''', '''Berkeley''', '''California''', or simply '''Cal'''), is a public research university located in [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]], [[California]], [[United States]]. The university occupies {{convert|1232|acre|ha}} on the [[East Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)|eastern side]] of the [[San Francisco Bay]] with the central campus resting on {{convert|178|acre|ha}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/about/fact.shtml |title=About Berkeley – Facts at a Glance |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=July 16, 2013}}</ref> Berkeley is the flagship institution of the 10 campus [[University of California]] system and one of only two UC campuses operating on a [[Academic term|semester calendar]], the other being [[University of California, Merced|UC Merced]].

Established in 1868 as the result of the merger of the private [[College of California]] and the public Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College in [[Oakland, California|Oakland]], Berkeley is the oldest institution in the UC system and offers approximately 350 undergraduate and [[graduate degree]] programs in a wide range of disciplines.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/about/hist/index.shtml |title=History – UC Berkeley |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> Berkeley has been charged with providing both "classical" and "practical" education for the state's people.<ref>{{cite web |title=History of UC Berkeley |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |url=http://berkeley.edu/about/hist/index.shtml |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5wKp6ajI8 |archivedate=February 7, 2011 |quote=Founded in the wake of the gold rush by leaders of the newly established 31st state, the University of California's flagship campus at Berkeley has become one of the preeminent universities in the world.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://cio.chance.berkeley.edu/chancellor/sp/flagship.htm|date=October 8, 1998|title=The Future of Flagship Universities|last=Berndahl|first=Robert|authorlink=Robert M. Berdahl|publisher=University of California, Berkeley|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5wJUI60xL|archivedate=February 7, 2011|quote=The issue I want to talk about tonight is the future of "flagship" universities, institutions like the University of Texas at Austin, or Texas A&M at College Station, or the University of California, Berkeley. This is not an easy topic to talk about for a number of reasons, not the least of which is the fact that those of us in "systems" of higher education are frequently actively discouraged from using the term "flagship" to refer to our campuses because it is seen as hurtful to the self-esteem of colleagues at other institutions in our systems.}}</ref> Berkeley co-manages three [[United States Department of Energy National Laboratories]], including the [[Los Alamos National Laboratory]], [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]] and [[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]] for the [[U.S. Department of Energy]].

Berkeley faculty, alumni, and researchers have won 72 [[Nobel Prize]]s (including 28 alumni Nobel laureates), 9 [[Wolf Prize]]s, 7 [[Fields Medal]]s, 15 [[Turing Award]]s, 45 [[MacArthur Fellowship]]s,<ref>{{cite web|last=Maclay |first=Kathleen |url=http://newscenter.berkeley.edu/2010/09/28/macarthur/ |title=Two young faculty members named MacArthur "genius" fellows |publisher=Newscenter.berkeley.edu |date=2010-09-28 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> 20 [[Academy Award]]s, and 11 [[Pulitzer Prize]]s. To date, UC Berkeley and its researchers are associated with 6 [[chemical elements]] of the [[periodic table]] ([[californium]], [[seaborgium]], [[berkelium]], [[einsteinium]], [[fermium]], [[lawrencium]]) and [[Berkeley Lab]] has discovered 16 chemical elements in total – more than any other university in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/new-elements-here.html |title=Chemical Elements Discovered at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory |publisher=Lbl.gov |date=June 7, 1999 |accessdate=February 21, 2011}}</ref> Berkeley is a founding member of the [[Association of American Universities]] and continues to have very high research activity with $652.4 million in research and development expenditures in 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aau.edu/about/article.aspx?id=5476 |title=Member Institutions and Years of Admission |publisher=Association of American Universities |year=2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/nsf11313/pdf/tab31.pdf |title=Table 31: R&D expenditures at universities and colleges, ranked by all R&D expenditures, by source of funds: FY 2009 |year=2009 |publisher=National Science Foundation}}</ref> Berkeley physicist [[J. Robert Oppenheimer]] was the scientific director of the [[Manhattan Project]] that developed the first [[atomic bomb]] in the world, which he personally headquartered at [[Los Alamos, New Mexico]], during [[World War II]]. Faculty member [[Edward Teller]] was (together with [[Stanislaw Ulam]]) the "father of the [[Thermonuclear weapon|hydrogen bomb]]".
Known as the ''[[California Golden Bears]]'' (often shortened to "Cal Bears" or just "Cal"), the athletic teams are members of both the [[Pacific-12 Conference]] and the [[Mountain Pacific Sports Federation]] in the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]].

==History==
[[File:UCBerkeleyCampus.jpg|thumb|View from Memorial Glade of Sather Tower (The Campanile), the center of UC Berkeley. The ring of its bells and clock can be heard from all over campus.]]
{{Main|History of the University of California, Berkeley}}

In 1866, the land comprising the current Berkeley campus was purchased by the private College of California. Because it lacked sufficient funds to operate, it eventually merged with the state-run Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College to form the University of California, the first full-curriculum public university in the state.

Ten faculty members and almost 40 students made up the new University of California when it opened in Oakland in 1869.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/about/hist/foundations.shtml |title=History of UC Berkeley, 19th-century: Founding UC's flagship campus |publisher=UC Berkeley |accessdate=December 26, 2012}}</ref> [[Andrew Gabrielson]] was a trustee of the College of California and suggested that the college be named in honor of the [[Anglo-Irish]] philosopher [[George Berkeley]].<ref name="Berkeley">{{cite web| url=http://berkeleypubliclibrary.org/system/Chapter2.html| work=Berkeley, A City in History| author=Wollenberg, Charles| year=2002| title=Chapter 2: Tale of Two Towns| publisher=Berkeley Public Library| accessdate=June 6, 2009}}</ref> In 1870, [[Henry Durant]], the founder of the College of California, became the first president. With the completion of North and [[South Hall (UC Berkeley)|South Halls]] in 1873, the university relocated to its Berkeley location with 167 male and 222 female students and held its first classes.<ref name="Sunsite">{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/uchistory/general_history/campuses/ucb/overview.html |title=University of California History Digital Archives |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref>

Beginning in 1891, [[Phoebe Apperson Hearst]] made several large gifts to Berkeley, funding a number of programs and new buildings, and sponsoring, in 1898, an international competition in Antwerp, Belgium, where French architect Émile Bernard submitted the winning design for a campus master plan. In 1905, the University Farm was established near [[Sacramento]], ultimately becoming the [[University of California, Davis]].<ref name="ucb_about">{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/about/history/ |publisher=UC Berkeley |title=About UC Berkeley – History |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> By the 1920s, the number of campus buildings had grown substantially, and included twenty structures designed by architect [[John Galen Howard]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/multimedia/2003/03/jgh/index.shtml |title=John Galen Howard and the design of the ''City of Learning,'' the UC Berkeley campus |publisher=UC Berkeley |accessdate=December 24, 2010}}</ref>

[[Robert Gordon Sproul]] served as president from 1930 to 1958.<ref name="Presidents">{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/uchistory/general_history/overview/presidents/index2.html |title=UC Presidents |publisher=University of California History Digital Archives |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> By 1942, the American Council on Education ranked UC Berkeley second only to [[Harvard University]] in the number of distinguished departments.<ref name="Presidents"/>
[[File:Berkeley, California. University of California Lawn Forum. Wheeler Auditorium steps where more informal and less... - NARA - 532100.tif|thumb|200px|The University of California in 1940]]

During World War II, following [[Glenn T. Seaborg|Glenn Seaborg]]'s then-secret discovery of plutonium, [[Ernest Lawrence|Ernest Orlando Lawrence]]'s Radiation Laboratory began to contract with the U.S. Army to develop the atomic bomb. UC Berkeley physics professor [[Robert Oppenheimer|J. Robert Oppenheimer]] was named scientific head of the Manhattan Project in 1942.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atomicarchive.com/History/mp/chronology.shtml |title=Manhattan Project Chronology |publisher=atomicarchive.com |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atomicheritage.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=292&Itemid=205 |title=Atomic History – Early Government Support |publisher=Atomic Heritage Foundation |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> Along with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (formerly the Radiation Lab), Berkeley is now a partner in managing two other labs, Los Alamos National Laboratory (1943) and [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]] (1952).

Originally, military training was compulsory for male undergraduates, and Berkeley housed an armory for that purpose. In 1917, Berkeley's ROTC program was established, and its School of Military Aeronautics trained future pilots, including [[Jimmy Doolittle]], who graduated with a B.A. in 1922. Both [[Robert McNamara]] and [[Frederick C. Weyand]] graduated from UC Berkeley's ROTC program, earning B.A. degrees in 1937 and 1938, respectively. In 1926, future [[Fleet Admiral (United States)|fleet admiral]] [[Chester W. Nimitz]] established the first [[Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps]] unit at Berkeley. During World War II, the military increased its presence on campus to recruit more officers, and by 1944, more than 1,000 Berkeley students were enrolled in the [[V-12 Navy College Training Program]] and naval training school for diesel engineering.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/ref/USN-Act/CA.html|title=U.S. Naval Activities World War II by State|publisher=Patrick Clancey|accessdate=2012-03-19}}</ref> The Board of Regents ended compulsory military training at Berkeley in 1962.

During the [[McCarthyism|McCarthy era]] in 1949, the [[Regents of the University of California|Board of Regents]] adopted an anti-[[communist]] [[loyalty oath]]. A number of faculty members objected and were dismissed;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/uchistory/archives_exhibits/loyaltyoath/timelinesummary.html |title=The Loyalty Oath Controversy, University of California, 1949–1951 |publisher=University of California Archives |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> ten years passed before they were reinstated with back pay.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dailycal.org/article.php?id=535 |date=January 8, 1999 |title=Former UC Presidents Recollect Loyalty Oath |last=Benjaminson |first=Anne |publisher=Daily Californian}}</ref>

In 1952, the University of California became an entity separate from the Berkeley campus. Each campus was given relative autonomy and its own Chancellor. Then-president Sproul assumed presidency of the entire University of California system, and [[Clark Kerr]] became the first Chancellor of UC Berkeley.<ref name="Presidents" />

[[File:CampanileMtTamalpiasSunset-original.jpg|thumb|Sather Tower (the Campanile) looking out over the San Francisco Bay and [[Mount Tamalpais]].]]Berkeley gained a reputation for student activism in the 1960s with the [[Free Speech Movement]] in 1964,<ref name="Berkeley 60s">{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/CalHistory/60s.html |title= Days of Cal – Berkeley in the 60s |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> and [[opposition to the Vietnam War]]. In the highly publicized [[People's Park, Berkeley|People's Park]] protest in 1969, students and the school conflicted over use of a plot of land; the [[United States National Guard|National Guard]] was called in and violence erupted.<ref name="Berkeley 60s"/><ref>{{cite news|first=Jeffery |last=Kahn |title=Ronald Reagan launched political career using the Berkeley campus as a target |publisher=UC Berkeley News |date=June 8, 2004 |url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2004/06/08_reagan.shtml}}</ref> Modern students at Berkeley are less politically active, with a greater percentage of moderates and conservatives.<ref>{{Cite news | last=Doty | first=Meriah | title=Examining Berkeley's liberal legacy | url=http://www.cnn.com/2004/ALLPOLITICS/01/09/elec04.berkeley/ | date=February 5, 2004 | newspaper=CNN | accessdate=February 20, 2008 | postscript=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2005/01/24_freshmen.shtml|first= Bonnie Azab|last=Powell|date=January 24, 2005|accessdate=February 29, 2008|publisher=UC Berkeley News|title=Web Feature}}</ref> Democrats outnumber Republicans on the faculty by a ratio of 9:1.<ref>{{Cite news | last=Tierney | first=John | title=Republicans Outnumbered in Academia, Studies Find | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/18/education/18faculty.html | date=November 18, 2004 | newspaper=[[New York Times]] | accessdate=January 16, 2008 | postscript=}}</ref>

Various human and animal rights groups have recently conflicted with Berkeley. [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]]s conflicted with the school over repatriation of remains from the Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology.<ref>{{cite news | last=Paddock | first=Richard | title=UC Berkeley's bones of contention | url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-adme-bones13jan13,0,2942194.story?coll=la-home-local | newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] | date=January 12, 2008 | accessdate=January 13, 2008}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> [[Animal-rights]] activists have threatened faculty members using animals for research.<ref>{{cite news | last=Krupnik | first=Matt | title=Animal rights activists protest at Cal | url=http://www.insidebayarea.com/argus/localnews/ci_7941998 | newspaper=The Daily Argus | date=January 11, 2008 | accessdate=January 13, 2008}}</ref> The school's response to [[tree sitting|tree sitters]] protesting construction caused controversy in the local community.<ref>{{cite news | last=McKinley | first=Jesse | title=University Fences In a Berkeley Protest, and a New One Arises | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/13/education/13trees.html | newspaper=[[New York Times]] | date=September 7, 2007 | accessdate=January 11, 2008}}</ref>

As state funding has declined,<ref>{{cite news |title=A money gap and a brain drain; UC Berkeley, long on reputation but short on funding, is losing talent |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=October 28, 2006 |accessdate=April 12, 2008 |last= La Ganga |first=Maria L.}}</ref> Berkeley has turned to private sources: [[BP]] donated $500 million to develop [[biofuel]]s, the Hewlett Foundation gave $113 million to endow 100 [[Chair (academic)#Named chair|faculty chair]]s, and [[Dow Chemical]] gave $10 million to research [[sustainability]].<ref name="Paddock">{{cite news | last=Paddock | first= Richard C. | title=Less to bank on at state universities| url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-compact7oct07,0,5052218,full.story?coll=la-home-center | publisher= [[The Los Angeles Times]] | date=October 6, 2007 | accessdate = October 6, 2007}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | last=Schevitz | first= Tanya | title=Cal given $10 million by Dow Chemical to work on sustainability| url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/10/31/BA67T2UHH.DTL&tsp=1 | publisher= The San Francisco Chronicle | date=October 31, 2007 | accessdate = October 31, 2007}}</ref> The BP grant has been criticized for [[Food vs fuel|diverting food production]] to fuel production.<ref name="Burress">{{cite news | last= Burress | first= Charles | title=UC Berkeley, BP finally sign contract for research project | date =November 15, 2007 | url= http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/11/15/BAABTCDKK.DTL | accessdate = November 14, 2007 | work=The San Francisco Chronicle}}</ref><ref name="AcademicSenate">{{cite web | first= the laughing cow| title= Partial recording of UC Berkeley academic senate deliberation on proposed BP deal| url= http://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2007/04/24/18404495.php | date=April 24, 2007| accessdate= January 24, 2008}}</ref>

The original name ''University of California'' was frequently shortened to ''California'' or ''Cal''. UC Berkeley's athletic teams date to this time and so are referred to as the ''California Golden Bears'', ''Cal Bears'', or just ''Cal''. Today, ''University of California'' refers to a statewide school system. Referring to the University of California, Berkeley as ''UCB'' or ''University of California '''at''' Berkeley'' is discouraged<ref>{{cite journal | title = Editorial Style Guide | year = 2009 | page = 20 | publisher = University of California, Berkeley | url = http://identity.berkeley.edu/guidelines/berkeley-editorial-style-09.pdf }}</ref> and the domain name is <tt>berkeley.edu</tt>. Moreover, the term "Cal Berkeley" is not a correct reference to the school, but is occasionally used. Berkeley is unaffiliated with the [[Berklee College of Music]] or [[Berkeley College]]. However, UC Berkeley does share academic ties with [[Yale University]]; not only were many original Berkeley founders Yale graduates (see below), but the names, University of California, Berkeley, and [[Berkeley College (Yale)]], were both inspired by the intellectual contributions of the western philosopher, [[George Berkeley]].

==Academics==
Berkeley is a large, primarily residential research university with a majority of enrollments in undergraduate programs but also offers a comprehensive doctoral graduate program.<ref name="Carnegie">{{cite web|title=Carnegie Classifications: University of California-Berkeley|url=http://classifications.carnegiefoundation.org/lookup_listings/view_institution.php?unit_id=110635|publisher=Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching|accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> The university has been [[educational accreditation|accredited]] by the [[Western Association of Schools and Colleges]] Senior College and University Commission since 1949.<ref name="WASC">{{cite web|url=http://directory.wascsenior.org/university-california-berkeley |title=Statement of Accreditation Status: University of California at Berkeley |publisher=Western Association of Schools and Colleges |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> The university operates on a semester academic calendar with Fall semester running from late August through early December and Spring semester running from mid-January through mid-May.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://registrar.berkeley.edu/CalendarDisp.aspx?terms=current |title=UC Berkeley Academic Calendar |publisher=Office of the Registrar, UC Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> Berkeley offers 106 Bachelor's degrees, 88 Master's degrees, 97 research-focused doctoral programs, and 31 professionally-focused graduate degrees.<ref name="Degree totals">{{cite web|url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/academicprograms/degreesOffered/DegProgCountByCollForWeb.pdf |title=Degrees Offered at the University of California, Berkeley |date=July 1, 2011 |publisher=Office of Planning and Analysis, UC-Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> The university awarded a total of 7,526 Bachelor's, 2,164 Master's, and 1,264 Doctoral degrees in 2012.<ref name="Undergrad profile">{{cite web|url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/UndergraduateProfile.pdf |title=Undergraduate Profile |publisher=UC-Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref>

===Undergraduate programs===
The four-year, full-time undergraduate program has a focus on the arts and sciences with a high level of co-existence in undergraduate and graduate programs. Freshman admission is selective but there are high levels of transfer-in.<ref name="Carnegie"/> 106 Bachelor's degrees are offered across the Haas School of Business (1), College of Chemistry (5), College of Engineering (20), College of Environmental Design (3), College of Letters and Science (67), College of Natural Resources (10), and other individual majors (2).<ref name="Degree totals"/> The most popular majors are Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Political Science, Molecular and Cell Biology, Environmental Science, and Economics.<ref name="Facts">{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/about/fact.shtml |title=Berkeley Facts |publisher=UC-Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref>

Requirements for undergraduate degrees come from four sources: the University of California system, the Berkeley campus, the college or school, and the department. These requirements include an entry-level writing requirement before enrollment (typically fulfilled by minimum scores on standardized admissions exams such as the SAT or ACT, completing coursework on "American History and Institutions" before or after enrollment by taking an introductory class, passing an "American Cultures Breadth" class at Berkeley, as well as requirements for reading and composition and specific requirements declared by the department and school.<ref name="Undergrad requirements">{{cite web|url=http://catalog.berkeley.edu/undergrad/requirements.html |title=General Catalog - Undergraduate Degree Requirements |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> Three-hour final examinations are required in most undergraduate classes and take place over a week following the last day of instruction in mid-December for the Fall semester and in mid-May for the Spring semester.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://catalog.berkeley.edu/policies/exams.html |title=Midterm and Final Examinations |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> [[Academic grading in the United States|Academic grades]] are reported on a five-letter scale (A,B,C,D,F) with grade points being modified by three-tenths of point for pluses and minuses.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://catalog.berkeley.edu/policies/grades.html |title=Grades |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> Requirements for [[Latin honors|academic honors]] are specified by individual schools and colleges, scholarly prizes are typically awarded by departments, and students are elected to honor societies based on these organizations' criteria.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://catalog.berkeley.edu/undergrad/honors.html |title=Academic Honors, Prizes, and Scholarships |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref>

===Graduate and professional programs===
Berkeley has a "comprehensive" graduate program with high coexistence with the programs offered to undergraduates, but no medical school.<ref name="Carnegie"/> The university offers graduate degrees in Master's of Art, Master's of Science, Master's of Fine Art, and [[Ph.D.]]s in addition to professional degrees such as the [[Juris Doctor]] and [[Master of Business Administration]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://catalog.berkeley.edu/grad/degrees.html |title=Graduate Degrees and Certificates |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> The university awarded 887 doctoral degrees and 2,506 Master's degrees in 2012.<ref name="Graduate profile"/> Admission to graduate programs is decentralized; applicants apply directly to the department or degree program. Most graduate students are supported by fellowships, teach assistantships, or research assistantships.<ref name="Graduate profile"/>
The 2010 [[United States National Research Council Rankings]] identified UC Berkeley as having the highest number of top-ranked doctoral programs in the nation.<ref>{{cite web|title=2010 Rankings: Doctoral Programs in America|url=http://chronicle.com/page/NRC-Rankings/321/|publisher=''The Chronicle of Higher Education''|accessdate=April 21, 2012}}</ref> UC Berkeley doctoral programs that received a #1 ranking include Agricultural and Resource Economics, Astrophysics, Chemistry, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Computer Science, English, Epidemiology, German, Mathematics, Mechanical Engineering, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Genetics, Genomics, and Development, Physics, Plant Biology, and Political Science. UC Berkeley was also the #1 recipient of [[NSF-GRF|National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowships]] between 2001 and 2010, with 1,333 awards.<ref name="Graduate profile">{{cite web|title=Berkeley Graduate Profile|url=http://grad.berkeley.edu/news/berkeley_graduate_profile.shtml#nrc|publisher=UC Berkeley|accessdate=April 21, 2012}}</ref>

===Faculty and research===
{{Main|List of UC Berkeley faculty|Research centers and laboratories at UC Berkeley|List of Nobel laureates associated with University of California, Berkeley}}
[[File:UCB-Reserved-For-NL.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Seventy-two [[Nobel Laureates]] have been university faculty, alumni or researchers. Special signs indicate campus parking spaces reserved for the Laureates.]]
Berkeley is a research university with a "very high" level of research activity.<ref name="Carnegie"/> There are 1,582 full-time and 500 part-time faculty members dispersed among more than 130 academic departments and more than 80 interdisciplinary research units.{{citation needed|date=February 2013}} Berkeley's current faculty includes 227 [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] Fellows, 3 Fields Medal winners, 83 [[Fulbright Scholars]], 139 [[Guggenheim Fellows]], 87 members of the [[National Academy of Engineering]], 132 members of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]], 8 Nobel Prize winners, 3 Pulitzer Prize winners, 84 [[Sloan Fellows]], 7 Wolf Prize winners and 1 [[Pritzker Prize]] winner.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/about/honors/ |title=About UC Berkeley: Honors and Awards |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date=|accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> 72 Nobel Laureates have been affiliated with the university as faculty, alumni or researchers, the most of any public university in the United States and sixth most of any university in the world.

===Rankings and reputation===
{{Infobox US university ranking
| THES_W = 8
| ARWU_W = 3
| CWUR_W = 10
| QS_W = 25
| HRLR_W = 6
| Forbes = 22
| USNWR_NU = 20
| ARWU_N = 3
| Wamo_NU = 5
}}
Berkeley was listed as a "[[Public Ivy]]" in Richard Mull's 1985 ''Public Ivies''.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=lV8QJDzrcSoC&q=Illinois#v=snippet&q=Illinois&f=false Greenes' Guide to Educational Planning:The Public Ivies - Howard Greene, Matthew W. Greene - Google Boeken]. Books.google.com. Retrieved on 2013-08-07.</ref> In the [[World Reputation Rankings|2013 Times Higher Education World Reputation Rankings]] Berkeley was ranked the world's 5th most prestigious university and one of six globally recognized "super brands."<ref name="Top Universities by Reputation">{{cite web |url= http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/2013/reputation-ranking |title=Top Universities by Reputation|year=2013 |publisher=''Times Higher Education''|accessdate=March 4, 2013}}</ref> Among world universities, Berkeley had the 2nd highest number of academic programs rated in the Top Ten in their field by QS.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2013 |title=QS World University Rankings - 2013|accessdate = 09/10/2013}}</ref> In 2009 the Center for Measuring University Performance placed Berkeley 9th among national research universities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mup.asu.edu/research2009.pdf |format=PDF|title=The Top American Research Universities: 2009 Annual Report |page=8 |year=2009 |accessdate=August 17, 2010}}</ref> In 2013 ''[[Kiplinger]]'' ranked Berkeley 8th out of the top 100 best-value public colleges and universities in the nation, and 2nd in California.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.kiplinger.com/tool/college/T014-S001-kiplinger-s-best-values-in-public-colleges/index.php |work=[[Kiplinger's Personal Finance|Kiplinger]] |title=Kiplinger's Best Values in Public Colleges |date=2013-01-15}}</ref> ''[[The Princeton Review]]'' ranks Berkeley as a "college with a conscience"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.princetonreview.com/college/research/conscience/|title=Colleges with a Conscience|year=2008|accessdate=April 25, 2008|publisher=''The Princeton Review''}}</ref> and the 5th best value in public colleges.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.princetonreview.com/college/research/bestvalue/bestValue.asp?|title=America's Best Value Colleges|year=2008|accessdate=April 25, 2008|publisher=''The Princeton Review''}}</ref> Berkeley was ranked as the number 1 public university in the world by US News and World Report in 2013, marking its 16th consecutive year as the top public university.

==Campus==
{{Main|Campus of the University of California, Berkeley}}
The Berkeley campus encompasses approximately {{convert|1232|acre|ha}}, though the "central campus" occupies only the low-lying western {{convert|178|acre|ha}} of this area. Of the remaining {{convert|1000|acre|ha}}, approximately {{convert|200|acre|ha}} are occupied by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; other facilities above the main campus include the [[Lawrence Hall of Science]] and several research units, notably the [[Space Sciences Laboratory]], the [[Mathematical Sciences Research Institute]], an undeveloped {{convert|800|acre|ha|adj=on}} ecological preserve, the [[University of California Botanical Garden]] and a recreation center in Strawberry Canyon. Portions of the mostly undeveloped eastern area of the campus is actually within the [[Oakland, California|City of Oakland]]; the northernmost eastern corner of Oakland extends from the [[Claremont Resort]] north through the [[Panoramic Hill, Oakland/Berkeley, California|Panoramic Hill]] neighborhood to [[Tilden Regional Park|Tilden Park]].

To the west of the central campus is the [[Downtown Berkeley, California|downtown business district of Berkeley]]; to the northwest is the neighborhood of North Berkeley, including the so-called [[Gourmet ghetto|Gourmet Ghetto]], a commercial district known for high quality dining due to the presence of such world-renowned restaurants as [[Chez Panisse]]. Immediately to the north is a quiet residential neighborhood known as [[Northside, Berkeley, California|Northside]] with a large graduate student population;<ref name=berk-post-doc>{{cite web|title=Moving to Berkeley|url=http://postdoc.berkeley.edu/node/28|publisher=Berkeley Postdoctoral Association|accessdate=29 February 2012}}</ref> situated north of that are the upscale residential neighborhoods of the [[Berkeley Hills]]. Immediately southeast of campus lies fraternity row, and beyond that the [[Clark Kerr Campus]] and an upscale residential area named [[Claremont, Oakland/Berkeley, California|Claremont]]. The [[Southside, Berkeley, California|area south of the university]] includes student housing and [[Telegraph Avenue]], one of Berkeley's main shopping districts with stores, street vendors and restaurants catering to college students and tourists. In addition, the University also owns land to the northwest of the main campus, a {{convert|90|acre|ha|sing=on}} married student housing complex in the nearby town of Albany ("Albany Village" and the "Gill Tract"), and a field research station several miles to the north in [[Richmond, California]].

Outside of the Bay Area, the University owns various research laboratories and research forests in both northern and southern Sierra Nevada.

===Architecture===
[[File:South Hall--UC Berkeley--Panoramic.jpg|thumb|right|[[South Hall (UC Berkeley)|South Hall]] (1873), one of the two original buildings of the University of California, still stands on the Berkeley campus]]

What is considered the historic campus today was the result of the 1898 "International Competition for the [[Phoebe Hearst]] Architectural Plan for the University of California," funded by [[William Randolph Hearst]]'s mother and initially held in the Belgian city of [[Antwerp]]; eleven finalists were judged again in San Francisco in 1899.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/uchistory/archives_exhibits/online_exhibits/romapacifica/index.html |title=Online Exhibit on the Hearst Architectural Competition |publisher=Sunsite.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> The winner was Frenchman [[Émile Bénard]], however he refused to personally supervise the implementation of his plan and the task was subsequently given to architecture professor [[John Galen Howard]]. Howard designed over twenty buildings, which set the tone for the campus up until its expansion in the 1950s and 1960s. The structures forming the “classical core” of the campus were built in the [[Beaux-Arts architecture|Beaux-Arts]] Classical style, and include [[Hearst Greek Theatre]], [[Hearst Memorial Mining Building]], [[Doe Memorial Library]], California Hall, [[Wheeler Hall]], (Old) Le Conte Hall, Gilman Hall, Haviland Hall, Wellman Hall, [[Sather Gate]], and the {{convert|307|ft|m|0|sing=on}} [[Sather Tower]] (nicknamed "the Campanile" after its architectural inspiration, [[St Mark's Campanile]] in Venice). Buildings he regarded as temporary, nonacademic, or not particularly "serious" were designed in shingle or [[Collegiate Gothic in North America|Collegiate Gothic]] styles; examples of these are North Gate Hall, Dwinelle Annex, and Stephens Hall. Many of Howard's designs are recognized [[California Historical Landmark]]s<ref>{{cite ohp |id=946 |name=University of California, Berkeley Campus |accessdate=2012-03-30}}</ref> and are listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].

Built in 1873 in a [[Victorian architecture|Victorian]] [[Second Empire architecture|Second-Empire-style]], South Hall is the oldest university building in California. It, and the [[Frederick Law Olmsted]]-designed [[Piedmont Avenue (Berkeley)|Piedmont Avenue]] east of the main campus, are the only remnants from the original University of California before John Galen Howard's buildings were constructed. Other architects whose work can be found in the campus and surrounding area are [[Bernard Maybeck]]<ref name=mccoy>{{cite book | first =Esther | authorlink =Esther McCoy | title =Five California Architects | publisher =Reinhold Publishing Corporation |year=1960 | location =New York | page =6 | id =ASIN B000I3Z52W last =McCoy}}</ref> (best known for the [[Palace of Fine Arts]] in San Francisco), Maybeck's student [[Julia Morgan]] (Hearst Women's Gymnasium), [[Charles Willard Moore]] (Haas School of Business) and [[Joseph Esherick (architect)|Joseph Esherick]] (Wurster Hall).

===Natural features===
[[File:Strawberry Creek near Dwinelle Hall.jpg|thumb| The south fork of [[Strawberry Creek]], as seen between Dwinelle Hall and Lower Sproul Plaza.]]
Flowing into the main campus are two branches of [[Strawberry Creek]]. The south fork enters a culvert upstream of the recreational complex at the mouth of Strawberry Canyon and passes beneath [[California Memorial Stadium]] before appearing again in Faculty Glade. It then runs through the center of the campus before disappearing underground at the west end of campus. The north fork appears just east of [[University House, Berkeley|University House]] and runs through the glade north of the Valley Life Sciences Building, the original site of the Campus Arboretum.

Trees in the area date from the founding of the University in the 1870s. The campus, itself, contains numerous wooded areas; including: [[Founders' Rock]], Faculty Glade, Grinnell Natural Area, and the [[Eucalyptus]] Grove, which is both the tallest stand of such trees in the world and the tallest stand of hardwood trees in North America.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://strawberrycreek.berkeley.edu/tour/08eucalyptus.html |title=UC Berkeley Strawberry Creek |publisher=Strawberrycreek.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

The campus sits on the [[Hayward Fault]], which runs directly through California Memorial Stadium.<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://seismo.berkeley.edu/hayward/ucb_campus.html
|title=Hayward Fault: UC Berkeley
|publisher=seismo.berkeley.edu
|accessdate=April 13, 2008
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref> There is ongoing construction to retrofit the stadium. The "treesit" protest revolved around the controversy of clearing away trees by the stadium to build the new Student Athlete High Performance Center. As the stadium sits directly on the fault, this raised campus concerns of the safety of student athletes in the event of an earthquake as they train in facilities under the stadium stands.<ref>{{cite web|author=|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2007/08/29_stadium.shtml |title=Campus provides updates on Memorial Stadium Project and Student-Athlete High Performance Center |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date=2007-08-29 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

===Environmental record===
Two committees and the Office of Sustainability at UC Berkeley work formally to implement sustainability initiatives on campus. The university encourages green purchasing when possible including installing energy-efficient technologies around campus such as steam trap systems and economizers.<ref name="greenreportcard1">{{cite web |url=http://www.greenreportcard.org/report-card-2011/schools/university-of-california-berkeley |title=The College Sustainability Report Card |publisher=Greenreportcard.org}}</ref>
UC Berkeley has a green building policy. Two buildings on campus are LEED certified, and six others meet LEED standards. Multiple building spaces have been repurposed for alternative use, and almost all waste from construction projects is diverted from landfills. Water conservation technologies have been installed across campus, and the university employs a variety of techniques to manage storm water.<ref name="greenreportcard1"/> UC Berkeley heats, cools, and powers its lab equipment utilizing power from an on-campus natural gas plant.<ref>[http://www.olympuspower.com/project_portfolio/current_projects/berkeley.php ]{{dead link|date=September 2013}}</ref> UC Berkeley's efforts toward [[sustainability]] earned the school a B on the College Sustainability Report Card; overall, the school's grades within the sections were high—it earned A's in the majority of the Report Card.

==Organization and administration==
The University of California is governed by a 26-member [[Board of Regents]], 18 of which are appointed by the [[Governor of California]] to 12-year terms, 7 serving as ''[[ex officio]]'' members, a single student regent and a non-voting student regent-designate.<ref name="Governance">{{cite web|url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/aboutuc/governance.html |title=About UC – Shared Governance |publisher=The University of California |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> The position of Chancellor was created in 1952 to lead individual campuses. The Board appointed [[Nicholas Dirks]] the 10th Chancellor of the university in 2013 after [[Robert J. Birgeneau]], originally appointed in 2004, announced his resignation.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2004/07/27_chancellor.shtml |title=Robert J. Birgeneau appointed UC Berkeley chancellor |publisher=UC Berkeley NewsCenter |date=July 27, 2004 |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> 12 vice chancellors report directly to the Chancellor. The Executive Vice Chancellor and Provost serves as the chief academic officer and is the office to which the deans of the 14 colleges and schools report.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/admin/pdf/senior.pdf |format=PDF|title=Organizational Chart – Senior Administration |publisher=UC Berkeley |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref>

[[File:Haas School of Business courtyard.jpg|thumb|right|[[Haas School of Business]]]]
Berkeley's 130-plus academic departments and programs are organized into 14 colleges and schools in addition to UC Berkeley Extension.<ref name="Facts">{{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/about/fact.shtml |title=Facts at a glance |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=May 24, 2010}}</ref> "Colleges" are both undergraduate and graduate, while "Schools" are generally graduate only, though some offer undergraduate majors, minors, or courses.
<div style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;">
* [[UC Berkeley College of Chemistry|College of Chemistry]]
* [[UC Berkeley College of Engineering|College of Engineering]]
* [[UC Berkeley College of Environmental Design|College of Environmental Design]]
* [[UC Berkeley College of Letters and Science|College of Letters and Science]]
* [[UC Berkeley College of Natural Resources|College of Natural Resources]]
* [[UC Berkeley Graduate School of Education|Graduate School of Education]]
* [[UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism|Graduate School of Journalism]]
* [[Haas School of Business]]
* [[Goldman School of Public Policy]]
* [[University of California, Berkeley School of Information|School of Information]]
* [[University of California, Berkeley School of Law|School of Law]] (Boalt Hall)
* [[UC Berkeley School of Optometry|School of Optometry]]
* [[UC Berkeley School of Public Health|School of Public Health]]
* [[UC Berkeley School of Social Welfare|School of Social Welfare]]
* UC Berkeley Extension
</div>

UC Berkeley does not have a [[medical school]]; however, the university offers the [[UC Berkeley – UCSF Joint Medical Program]] with the [[University of California, San Francisco]], a standalone medical school that is located nearby.

The 2006–2007 budget totaled $1.7 billion; 33% came from the State of California. In 2006–2007, 7,850 donors contributed $267.9 million and the endowment was valued at $2.89 billion.<ref name="Facts"/>

UC Berkeley employs 24,700 people directly and employees are permitted to unionize and are represented by [[AFSCME]], [[California Nurses Association]] (CNA), CUE-Teamsters Local 2010 (formerly the Coalition of University Employees (CUE)), [[UAW]], UC-AFT, and UPTE.<ref name="Facts"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://hrweb.berkeley.edu/hrlabor.htm |title=Human Resources – Unions, bargaining agreements, and labor relations |publisher=UC Berkeley |accessdate=November 30, 2008 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20080804055815/http://hrweb.berkeley.edu/hrlabor.htm |archivedate=August 4, 2008}}</ref>

===University finances===
{{see also|University of California finances}}
UC Berkeley receives funding from a variety of sources, including federal and state authorities, and private donors. With the exception of government contracts, public money is proportioned to UC Berkeley and the other 9 universities of the University of California system through the [[UC Office of the President]].

Due in part to the [[2008–11 California budget crisis]], the state of California has reduced its educational appropriations to the University of California.<ref>"http://newscenter.berkeley.edu/2011/12/13/californiastate-shortfall-triggers-100-million-cut-for-uc-2/"</ref> State educational appropriations such as general support given in the state's annual budget, and appropriations given to the state through the federal [[American Reinvestment and Recovery Act]] (ARRA) dropped $37M in 2010-11 from the previous calendar year. The university projects that state general support will drop from 15% to 11% of the university's total revenues in 2011-12. State budget shortfalls as well as rising costs in pensions have been cited by the university as two of the leading reasons for its current financial woes. During the formulation of the 2011-12 UC Berkeley budget, the university projected that it will have a $200M funding gap in the 5 years after that year's budget. In response to revenue shortfalls, the [[UC Regents]] have raised tuition, and the university is trying to increase the number of non-resident undergraduates, who will pay the more costly out-of-state tuition. Nearly 1/3rd of revenues from tuition and other student fees are returned to students as scholarships and fellowships.<ref>"http://controller.berkeley.edu/FINRPTS/2010-11/Master.pdf"</ref>

Cal has controversially borrowed $445 million to fund the $321 million renovation of seismically unsafe [[California Memorial Stadium|Memorial Stadium]] and construction of a new $153 million student athletic center,<ref name="Debt"/> both of which opened in 2012. (See Athletics section for additional details).

====Financial aid and scholarship programs====
{{Main|UC Berkeley financial aid}}
{{See also|Student financial aid in the United States}}

Students and prospective students of UC Berkeley are eligible for a variety of public and private financial aid. Most financial aid inquiries are processed through the [http://students.berkeley.edu/finaid/index.htm UC Berkeley Financial Aid and Scholarships Office]. Some graduate schools, such as the Haas School of Business<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/MBA/finaid/ |title=Full-Time MBA Financial Aid – Haas School of Business, University of California, Berkeley |publisher=Haas.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> and [[UC Berkeley School of Law]][http://www.law.berkeley.edu/58.htm] have their own financial aid offices.

===Student body===
{| style="text-align:center; float:right; font-size:85%; margin-left:2em; margin:10px" class="wikitable"
|+ ''Demographics of student body''<ref name="Calstats">{{cite web | title= Cal Stats Brochure | url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/undergraduateProfile.html | publisher= UCB Office of Planning and Analysis | accessdate=July 10, 2012|format=PDF}}</ref><ref>See [[Demographics of California]] and [[Demographics of the United States]] for references.</ref>
! !! Undergraduate !! Graduate !! California !! U.S. Census
|-
! [[African American]]
| 3.4% || 3.4% || 6.2% || 12.0%
|-
! [[Asian American]]
| 39.2% || 17.8% || 13% || 4.7%
|-
! [[White American]]
| 29.0% || 38.0% || 40.1% || 63.7%
|-
! [[Hispanics in the United States|Hispanic American]]
| 12.6% || 7.1% || 37.6% || 16.3%
|-
! [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]]
| 0.8% || 1.1% || 1% || 0.7%
|-
! [[International student]]
| 10.4% || 20.3% || N/A || N/A
|-
! Other/Unknown
| 4.7% || 11.9% || 2.1% || 2.4%
|}
Berkeley enrolled 25,574 undergraduate and 10,125 graduate students in Fall 2012.<ref name="Total Enrollment by Level, Gender, and Ethnicity"/> Women make up 52.3% of undergraduate enrollments and 45.5% graduate and professional students.<ref name="Total Enrollment by Level, Gender, and Ethnicity"/> 82% of undergraduates and 43% of graduate and professional students are California residents.<ref name="Calstats"/> In the wake of [[Proposition 209]], the plurality of Asian American students and under-representation of African-American and Hispanic students has received national attention.<ref>{{Cite news | last=Timothy | first=Egan | title=Little Asia on the Hill | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/07/education/edlife/07asian.html | date=January 7, 2007 | newspaper=[[New York Times]] | accessdate=January 16, 2008 | postscript=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=U.S. Probing Possible Asian Bias at UCLA, UC Berkeley |publisher=Los Angeles Times |date=November 18, 1988 |last=Woo |first=Elaine |page=3}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/affirm/stories/aa031196.htm |title=Struggling to Maintain Diversity |last=Sanchez |first=Rene |date=March 11, 1996 |publisher=The Washington Post |page=A01 |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.newsweek.com/id/86134 |title=Berkeley's New Colors |publisher=Newsweek |date=September 18, 2000 |accessdate=November 30, 2008 |first=Kevin |last=Peraino}}</ref>
{| style="float:right; margin:10px" "text-align:center; font-size:85%; margin:auto;" class="wikitable"
|+ ''First-Time Freshman Profile''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/cds/index.html |title=Common Data Set |publisher=Opa.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2013-06-28}}</ref><ref>http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2013/fall_2013_admissions_table1.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2013/fall_2013_applications_table1.pdf</ref>
|-
!   !! 2013 (preliminary) !!2012 !! 2011 !! 2010 !! 2009 !! 2008
|-
! Applicants
| <center>67,658</center>|| 61,731 || 52,966 || 50,393 || 48,650 || 48,461
|-
! Admits
|<center>14,101</center>|| 11,130 || 11,441 || 10,844 || 10,528 || 10,474
|-
! % Admitted
| <center>20.8</center> || <center>18.0</center> ||<center>21.6</center> || <center>21.5</center> || <center>21.6</center> || <center>21.6</center>
|-
! Enrolled
| || <center>4,162</center>|| <center>4,443</center>|| <center>4,109</center> || <center>4,356</center>|| <center>4,261</center>
|-
! Average GPA
| || <center>3.84</center> ||<center>3.83</center> || <center>3.84</center> || <center>3.80</center> || <center>3.90</center>
|}

Berkeley received 77,485 freshmen and transfer applications for admission to the undergraduate program in Fall 2012; 14,527 were admitted (18.7%).<ref name=CommonDataSet>{{cite web |url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/cds/2012-2013.pdf |title=University of California, Berkeley Common Data Set 2012-2013, Parts C & D |publisher=University of California, Berkeley}}</ref> Of the Fall 2011 cohort, 97% of freshmen enrolled the next year. The four-year graduation rate for the Fall 2007 cohort was 61%, and the six-year rate was 88%.<ref name="Calstats"/><ref name="CN">{{cite web|url=http://nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/?q=Berkeley&s=all&id=110635 |title=College Navigator – University of California-Berkeley |publisher=National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> Admitted freshman applicants had an average high school GPA of 4.16, an average ACT Composite score of 30, and an average combined SAT score of 2067 (average SAT scores of 674 for Critical Reading, 701 for Mathematics, and 692 for Writing).<ref>{{cite web |title=UC Berkeley Freshman Admission Profile |url=http://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/campuses/berkeley/freshman-profile/index.html |accessdate=2012-11-15 |work=University of California}}</ref> Berkeley's enrollment of [[National Merit Scholarship Program|National Merit Scholars]] was third in the nation until 2002, when participation in the National Merit program was discontinued.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/article/7323 |date=July 13, 2005 |publisher=University of California Newsroom |title=Six UC campuses to redirect national merit funding to other merit-based scholarships}}</ref> 31% of admitted students receive federal [[Pell grant]]s.<ref>{{Cite news | title=Economic Diversity Among All National Universities | url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/usnews/edu/college/rankings/brief/natudoc_ecodiv_brief.php | newspaper=[[US News and World Report]]| accessdate= August 10, 2007 | postscript=}}</ref>

There were 18,231 applications to masters programs with 20% admitted and 14,361 applications to doctoral program with 16% admitted.<ref name="Calstats"/>

[[File:UCB-University-Library.jpg|thumb|right|The north side of Doe Library with Memorial Glade in the foreground.]]

===Library system===
{{Main| University of California, Berkeley Library System}}
Berkeley's 32 libraries tie together to make the fourth largest academic library in the United States surpassed only by [[Harvard University Library]], [[Yale University Library]] and [[University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign]] Library.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arl.org/bm~doc/arlstat08.pdf |title=Search Publications | Association of Research Libraries® | ARL® |publisher=Arl.org |date= |accessdate=2013-06-28}}</ref> However, considering the relative sizes and ages of these University libraries, Berkeley's collections have been growing about as fast as those at Harvard and Yale combined: specifically, 1.8 times faster than Harvard, and 1.9 times faster than Yale. In 2003, the [[Association of Research Libraries]] ranked it as the top public and third overall university library in North America based on various statistical measures of quality.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2002/06/20_libry.html |title=06.20.2002 – UC Berkeley library is top-ranked among North American public university research libraries |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date=2002-06-20 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> As of 2006, Berkeley's library system contains over 11 [[million]] volumes and maintains over 70,000 serial titles.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/news_events/whats-new.html |title=What's New in the Library |publisher=Lib.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> The libraries together cover over {{convert|12|acre|ha}} of land and form one of the largest library complexes in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/97legacy/gard.html |title=New addition to UC Berkeley Main Library dedicated to former UC President David Gardner |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date=1997-06-12 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> Doe Library serves as the library system's reference, periodical, and administrative center, while most of the main collections are housed in the subterranean Gardner Main Stacks and Moffitt Undergraduate Library. The [[Bancroft Library]], with holdings of over 400,000 printed volumes, maintains a collection that documents the history of the western part of North America, with an emphasis on California, Mexico and Central America.

==Student life and traditions==
[[File:UCBerkeleyCampanileSatherGate.jpg|thumb|Sather gate and Sather tower (the Campanile) from Sproul Plaza on the UC Berkeley campus]]
The official university mascot is [[Oski|Oski the Bear]], who debuted in 1941. Previously, live bear cubs were used as mascots at Memorial Stadium. It was decided in 1940 that a costumed mascot would be a better alternative to a live bear. Named after the [[The Oski Yell|Oski-wow-wow]] yell, he is cared for by the Oski Committee, whose members have exclusive knowledge of the identity of the costume-wearer.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://calbears.collegesports.com/trads/cal-m-fb-mas.html |title=California Golden Bears – Traditions |publisher=Calbears.collegesports.com |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

The [[University of California Marching Band]], which has served the university since 1891, performs at every home football game and at select road games as well. A smaller subset of the Cal Band, the Straw Hat Band, performs at basketball games, volleyball games, and other campus and community events.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://calband.berkeley.edu/about-us/ |title=University of California Marching Band ~ About Us |publisher=Calband.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2013-06-29}}</ref>

The UC Rally Committee, formed in 1901, is the official guardian of California's Spirit and Traditions. Wearing their traditional blue and gold rugbies, Rally Committee members can be seen at all major sporting and spirit events. Committee members are charged with the maintenance of the five Cal flags, the large California banner overhanging the Memorial Stadium Student Section and [[Haas Pavilion]], the California Victory Cannon, Card Stunts and [[The Big "C"]] among other duties. The Rally Committee is also responsible for safekeeping of the [[Stanford Axe]] when it is in Cal's possession.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ucrc.berkeley.edu/ |title=UC Rally Committee | Home |publisher=Ucrc.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> The Chairman of the Rally Committee holds the title "Custodian of the Axe" while it is in the Committee's care.

Overlooking the main Berkeley campus from the foothills in the east, The Big "C" is an important symbol of California school spirit. The Big "C" has its roots in an early 20th-century campus event called "Rush," which pitted the freshman and sophomore classes against each other in a race up Charter Hill that often developed into a wrestling match. It was eventually decided to discontinue Rush and, in 1905, the freshman and sophomore classes banded together in a show of unity to build the Big "C".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/CalHistory/traditions.html |title=Days of Cal | Bear Traditions |publisher=Sunsite.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> Owing to its prominent position, the Big "C" is often the target of pranks by rival [[Stanford University]] students who paint the Big "C" red and also fraternities and sororities who paint it their organization's colors. One of the Rally Committee's functions is to repaint the Big "C" to its traditional color of King Alfred Yellow.

Cal students invented the college football tradition of [[card stunts]]. Then known as Bleacher Stunts, they were first performed during the 1910 [[Big Game (football)|Big Game]] and consisted of two stunts: a picture of the Stanford Axe and a large blue "C" on a white background. The tradition continues today in the Cal [[student section]] and incorporates complicated motions, for example tracing the Cal script logo on a blue background with an imaginary yellow pen.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://calbears.collegesports.com/trads/cal-m-fb-tour.html |title=California Golden Bears – Traditions |publisher=Calbears.collegesports.com |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

The California Victory Cannon, placed on [[Tightwad Hill]] overlooking the stadium, is fired before every football home game, after every score, and after every Cal victory. First used in the 1963 Big Game, it was originally placed on the sidelines before moving to Tightwad Hill in 1971. The only time the cannon ran out of ammunition was during a game against [[University of the Pacific (United States)|Pacific]] in 1991, when Cal scored 12 touchdowns.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://calbears.collegesports.com/trads/victory-cannon.html |title=California Golden Bears – Traditions |publisher=Calbears.collegesports.com |date=1991-09-07 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

Other traditions have included events that span only a few years. William (or Willie) the Polka Dot Man was a performance artist who frequented Sproul Plaza during the late 1970s and early 1980s.<ref name="autogenerated3">{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/berkeleyan/2002/08/15_foley.html |title=The quintessential campus cop |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date=2002-08-15 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> The Naked Guy (now deceased<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2006-05-21-naked-guy-dies_x.htm | work=USA Today | title=Former Berkeley student known as 'Naked Guy' dies in jail | date=May 21, 2006 | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}</ref>) and Larry the Drummer, who performed Batman tunes, appeared in the late 1980s and early 1990s.<ref name="autogenerated3" />

A few current traditions include streaking during finals week in the Main Stacks, the Happy Happy Man, and [[Stoney Burke]].

===Student housing===
Students at UC Berkeley live in a variety of housing that cater to personal and academic preferences and styles. The university offers two years of guaranteed housing for entering freshmen, and one year for entering transfer students. The immediately surrounding community offers apartments, Greek (fraternity and sorority) housing and cooperative housing, twenty of which are houses that are members of the [[Berkeley Student Cooperative]].

====University housing====
{{Main|Housing at the University of California, Berkeley}}

[[File:Cunningham-Towle.jpg|thumb|Cunningham Hall and the newly built Towle Hall, part of the Unit 2 residence hall complex]] The university runs twelve different residence halls, ranging from undergraduate residence halls (both themed and non-themed) and family student housing, to re-entry student housing and optional international student housing at the [[International House Berkeley|International House]]. Undergraduate residence halls are located off-campus in the city of Berkeley. Units 1, 2 and 3, located on the south side of campus, offer [[high-rise]] accommodations with common areas on every other floor. These three residential high-rises share a common dining hall, called Crossroads. Further away and also on the south side of campus is Clark Kerr, an undergraduate residence hall complex that houses many student athletes and was once a school for the deaf and blind.

[[File:Bowles.jpg|thumb|left|[[Bowles Hall]] at the 2003 Homecoming and Parents Weekend]]In the foothills east of the central campus, there are three additional undergraduate residence hall complexes: Foothill, Stern, and Bowles. Foothill is a co-ed suite-style hall reminiscent of a Swiss chalet. According to the Chancellor, it is considered one of the best residence halls at UC Berkeley. Just south of Foothill, overlooking the Hearst Greek Theatre, is the all-women's traditional-style Stern Hall, which boasts an original mural by [[Diego Rivera]]. Because of their proximity to the [[UC Berkeley College of Engineering|College of Engineering]] and [[UC Berkeley College of Chemistry|College of Chemistry]], these residence halls often house science and engineering majors. They tend to be quieter than the southside complexes, but because of their location next to the theatre, often get free glimpses of concerts. [[Bowles Hall]], the oldest state-owned residence hall in California, is located immediately north of California Memorial Stadium. Dedicated in 1929 and on the National Register of Historic Places, this all-men's residence hall has large quad-occupancy rooms and has the appearance of a castle.

The Channing-Bowditch and Ida Jackson apartments are intended for older students.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.housing.berkeley.edu/livingatcal/channing_bowditch.html |title=Living at Cal 2012-2013, UC Berkeley Housing |publisher=Housing.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.housing.berkeley.edu/livingatcal/jackson_house.html |title=Jackson House |publisher=Housing.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> Family student housing consists of two main groups of housing: [[UC Village|University Village]] and Smyth-Fernwald. University Village is located three miles (5 km) north-west of campus in [[Albany, California]], and Smyth-Fernwald near the Clark Kerr campus.

====Cooperative housing====
Students in Berkeley have a number of cooperative housing options. The largest network of [[student housing cooperative]]s in the area is the Berkeley Student Cooperative (BSC).

{{Main|Berkeley Student Cooperative}}

Students of UC Berkeley, as well as students of other universities and colleges in the area, have the option of living in one of the twenty cooperative houses of the Berkeley Student Cooperative (BSC), formerly the University Students' Cooperative Association (USCA), and member of the national cooperative federation, [[North American Students of Cooperation|NASCO]]. The BSC is a [[nonprofit]] [[housing cooperative]] network consisting of 20 cooperative homes and 1250 member-owners.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bsc.coop/index.php |title=Home |publisher=Usca.org |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>
The USCA (as the BSC was known by at that time) was founded in 1933 by then-director of the [[YWCA]], [[Harry Kingman]]. The birth of the USCA, as well as many other cooperative organizations around the country, coincided with the [[Great Depression]] precisely as a response to scant resources. By living together in large houses and pooling together resources, members found that their monetary resources could go further to pay for their cost of living than living separately.
In the 1960s, the USCA pioneered the first co-ed university housing in Berkeley, called the Ridge Project (later renamed [[Casa Zimbabwe]]). In 1975, the USCA founded its first and only vegetarian-themed house, Lothlorien. In 1997, the USCA opened its African-American theme house, Afro House, and in 1999 its [[LGBT]]-themed house, named after queer Irish author and poet [[Oscar Wilde]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bsc.coop/who-we-are/history |title=BSC history |publisher=Usca.org |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

Notable alumni of the BSC include [[Marion Nestle]], professor at [[New York University]] and author of Food Politics, and [[Beverly Cleary]].

====Fraternities and sororities====
{{Main|List of fraternities and sororities at University of California, Berkeley}}

===Student-run organizations===

====Student government====
The Associated Students of the University of California (ASUC) is the [[student government]] organization that controls funding for student groups and organizes on-campus student events. It is considered one of the most autonomous student governments at any [[public university]] in the U.S. The two main political parties are "Student Action"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.studentaction.org |title=Student Action Webpage |publisher=Studentaction.org |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> and "CalSERVE."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.calserve.org |title=CalSERVE Webpage |publisher=Calserve.org |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> The organization was founded in 1887 and has a budget of $1.6 million.

The ASUC's Student Union Program, Entertainment, and Recreation Board (SUPERB) is a student-run, non-profit branch dedicated to providing entertainment for the campus and community. Founded in 1964, SUPERB's programming includes the Friday Film Series, free Noon Concerts on Lower Sproul Plaza, Comedy Competitions, Poker Tournaments, free Sneak Previews of upcoming movies, and more.

====Communications media====
UC Berkeley's student-run online television station, [[CalTV]], was formed in 2005 and broadcasts online. It is run by students with a variety of backgrounds and majors.

UC Berkeley's independent student-run newspaper is ''[[The Daily Californian]]''. Founded in 1871, ''The Daily Cal'' became independent in 1971 after the campus administration fired three senior editors for encouraging readers to take back [[People's Park (Berkeley)|People's Park]].

Berkeley's FM [[Student radio station]], [[KALX]], broadcasts on 90.7 MHz. It is run largely by volunteers, including both students and community members.

Berkeley also features an assortment of student-run magazines, most notably Caliber Magazine. Founded in 2008, [http://www.calibermag.org Caliber Magazine] promotes itself as "the everything magazine" by featuring articles and blogs on a wide range of topics. It has been voted "Best Magazine on Campus" by the readers of the Daily Cal<ref>{{cite web|title=Best of Berkeley: Best of Campus|url=http://www.dailycal.org/2012/04/19/best-of-berkeley-best-of-campus/|publisher=The Daily Californian|accessdate=12/6/2012}}</ref> as well as "Best Publication on Campus" by the ASUC. The magazine comes either in hard copy available at Cal Dining locations or in a digital copy that can be found at their website, [http://www.calibermag.org calibermag.org].

====Student groups====
[[File:Cal band.JPG|thumb|Cal Straw Hat Band (a smaller subset of the Cal Band) playing at [[SeaWorld San Diego|SeaWorld]] in [[San Diego, California]]]]
UC Berkeley has over 1700 established student groups.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}

UC Berkeley has a reputation for [[student activism]], stemming from the 1960s and the Free Speech Movement. Today, Berkeley is known as a lively campus with activism in many forms, from email petitions, presentations on [[Sproul Plaza]] and volunteering, to the occasional protest. During the 2006–2007 school year, there were 94 political student groups on campus including Berkeley MEChA, Berkeley [[American Civil Liberties Union]], Berkeley Students for Life, Campus Greens, The Sustainability Team (STEAM), the [[Berkeley Student Food Collective]], Students for Sensible Drug Policy, Cal Berkeley Democrats, and the Berkeley College Republicans. Berkeley sends the most students to the [[Peace Corps]] of any university in the nation.<ref>[http://www.ucop.edu/pathways/infoctr/introuc/ucb.html Berkeley]{{dead link|date=June 2012}}</ref>

The Residence Hall Assembly (RHA) is the student-run residence hall organization that oversees all aspects of residence wide event planning, legislation, sponsorships and activities for over 6000 on-campus undergraduate residents. Founded in 1988 by the President's Council, it is now funded and supported by the Residential and Student Service Programs department on campus.

The Berkeley Group<ref>{{cite web|url=http://theberkeleygroup.org/ |title=The Berkeley Group |publisher=The Berkeley Group |date=2007-02-11 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> is a student consulting organization affiliated with UC Berkeley and the Haas School of Business. Students of all majors are recruited and trained to work on pro-bono consulting engagements with real-life nonprofit clients.

ImagiCal has been the college chapter of the [[American Advertising Federation]] at Berkeley since the late 1980s. Every year, the team competes in the [[National Student Advertising Competition]]. Students from various backgrounds come together to work on a marketing case provided by the AAF and a corporate sponsor to college chapters across the nation. Most recently, the UC Berkeley team won in their region in 2005, 2009 and 2012, going on to win 4th and 3rd in the nation in 2005 and 2009, respectively.

Democratic Education at Cal, or DeCal, is a program that promotes the creation of professor-sponsored, student-facilitated classes through the Special Studies 98/198 program. DeCal arose out of the 1960s [[Free Speech movement]] and was officially established in 1981. The program offers around 150 courses on a vast range of subjects that appeal to the Berkeley student community, including classes on the [[Rubik's Cube]], [[James Bond]], [[Batman]], the [[Iranian Revolution|The Iranian Revolution]], [[cooking]], [[Israeli folk dancing]], [[3D animation]], [[nuclear weapons]], and [[meditation]].

[[File:Berkeley DM 2009.JPG|thumb|left|[[Berkeley Dance Marathon|Dance Marathon]], one of the campus's student-led fundraising events.]]

There are many [[a cappella]] groups on campus; three groups include the [[UC Men's Octet]],the [[California Golden Overtones]],and Noteworthy, all members of the UC Choral Ensembles. The [[UC Men's Octet]] is an eight-member a cappella group founded in 1948 featuring a repertoire of barbershop, doo-wop, contemporary pop, modern alternative, and fight songs. They are one of only two multiple time champions of the [[International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella|ICCA]], having won the championship in both 1998 and 2000. The California Golden Overtones, founded in 1984, have a very similar repertoire to the Octet. Noteworthy competed in Season 5 of America's Got Talent. It is a tradition for every Berkeley a cappella group to perform under the campus' iconic Sather Gate each week at different times during the week. In addition to a Capella, Berkeley is host to a myriad of other performing arts groups in comedy, dance, acting and instrumental music. A few examples include Jericho! Improv & Sketch Comedy, The Movement, Taiko drumming, BareStage student musical theater, the Remedy Music Project, and Main Stacks Competitive Hip Hop Dance Team.

Since 1967, students and staff jazz musicians have had an opportunity to perform and study with the [[University of California Jazz Ensembles]]. Under the direction of Dr. David W. Tucker, who was hired by the [[Cal Band]] as a composer, arranger, and associate director, but was later asked to direct the jazz ensembles as it grew in popularity and membership, the group grew rapidly from one big band to multiple big bands, numerous combos, and numerous instrumental classes with multiple instructors. For several decades it hosted the Pacific Coast Collegiate Jazz Festival, part of the American Collegiate Jazz Festival, a competitive forum for student musicians. PCCJF brought jazz luminaries such as [[Hubert Laws]], [[Sonny Rollins]], [[Freddie Hubbard]], and [[Ed Shaughnessy]] to the Berkeley campus as performers, clinicians, and adjudicators. The festival later included high school musicians. The jazz ensembles became an effective recruitment tool. Many high school musicians interested in strong academics as well as jazz found that the campus met both interests. Numerous alumni have had successful careers in jazz performance and education including [[Michael Wolff]] and [[Andy Narell]].

UC Berkeley also hosts a large number of conferences, talks, and musical and theatrical performances. Many of these events, including the Annual UC Berkeley Sociological Research Symposium, are completely planned and organized by undergraduate students. The Berkeley Forum is one such student group that organizes panels, debates, and talks by leading experts from a wide variety of fields.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://forum.berkeley.edu/ |title=The Berkeley Forum |publisher=Forum.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2013-06-28}}</ref>

===Athletics===
{{Main|California Golden Bears}}
UC Berkeley's sports teams compete in intercollegiate athletics as the California Golden Bears. They participate in the NCAA's Division I-A as a member of the Pacific-12 Conference. The official school colors, established in 1873 by a committee of students, are Yale Blue and California Gold.<ref name="Resource Guide: Student history">{{cite web|url=http://resource.berkeley.edu/r_html/104history.html|title=Resource Guide: Student history|publisher=University of California, Berkeley|accessdate=February 26, 2010}}</ref> Yale Blue was chosen because many of the university's founders were Yale University graduates (for example Henry Durant, the first university president), while California Gold was selected to represent the Golden State of California. The California Golden Bears have a long history of excellence in athletics, having won national titles in football, men's basketball, baseball, softball, men's and women's crew, men's gymnastics, men's tennis, men's and women's swimming, men's water polo, men's Judo, men's track, and men's rugby. In addition, Cal athletes have won numerous individual NCAA titles in track, gymnastics, swimming and tennis. On January 31, 2009, the school's [[Hurling]] club made athletic history by defeating Stanford in the first collegiate hurling match ever played on American soil.

California finished in first place<ref>http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/nacda/sports/directorscup/auto_pdf/Jan.pdf</ref> in the 2007–2008 Fall U.S. Sports Academy Directors' Cup standings (Now the [[NACDA Directors' Cup]]), a competition measuring the best overall collegiate athletic programs in the country, with points awarded for national finishes in NCAA sports. Cal finished the 2007-2008 competition in seventh place with 1119 points.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nacda.com/auto_pdf/p_hotos/s_chools/nacda/sports/directorscup/auto_pdf/FinalD1 |title=Director's Cup results07-08 |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=March 2, 2012}}</ref>
Most recently, California finished in third place in the 2010–11 NACDA Directors' Cup with 1219.50 points, finishing behind Stanford and Ohio State. This is California's highest ever finish in the Director's Cup.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thedirectorscup.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/finald1standings10-11-2.pdf |title=Director's Cup results10-11 |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=March 2, 2012}}</ref>

Cal's seismically unsafe [[California Memorial Stadium|Memorial Stadium]] reopened September, 2012 after a $321 million renovation. The university incurred a controversial $445 million of debt for the stadium and a new $153 million student athletic center, which it planned to finance with the sale of special stadium endowment seats. However, in June 2013 news surfaced that the university has had trouble selling the seats.<ref>{{cite web|last=Schwab |first=Frank |url=http://sports.yahoo.com/blogs/ncaaf-dr-saturday/cal-stadium-renovation-leaves-school-huge-debt-pay-173428997.html |title=Cal’s new stadium renovation leaves school with huge debt to pay off | Dr. Saturday - Yahoo! Sports |publisher=Sports.yahoo.com |date=2013-06-17 |accessdate=2013-06-28}}</ref> The roughly $18 million interest-only annual payments on the debt consumes 20 percent of Cal's athletics' budget; principal repayment begins in 2032 and is scheduled to conclude in 2113.<ref name="Debt">{{cite web|last=Asimov |first=Nanette |url=http://www.sfchronicle.com/collegesports/article/Cal-scrambling-to-cover-stadium-bill-4604221.php?t=7903d5abac47b02379 |title=Cal scrambling to cover stadium bill |publisher=''San Francisco Chronicle'' |date=2013-06-17 |accessdate=2013-07-20}}</ref>

====California – Stanford rivalry====
{{Main|Big Game (football)}}

[[File:2002 big game flags.jpg|thumb|right|UC Rally Committee running Cal flags across the Memorial Stadium field at the 2002 Big Game. (Note the Stanford visitors section on the left and the UC Berkeley alumni section on the right.)]]The Golden Bears' traditional arch-rivalry is with the Stanford Cardinal. The most anticipated sporting event between the two universities is the annual football game dubbed the Big Game, and it is celebrated with spirit events on both campuses. Since 1933, the winner of the Big Game has been awarded custody of [[the Stanford Axe]].

One of the most famous moments in Big Game history occurred during the 85th Big Game on November 20, 1982. In what has become known as "the band play" or simply [[The Play]], Cal scored the winning touchdown in the final seconds with a kickoff return that involved a series of laterals and the Stanford marching band rushing onto the field.

====National championships====
Berkeley teams have won national championships in baseball (2), men's basketball (2), men's crew (15), women's crew (3), football (5), men's golf (1), men's gymnastics (4), men's lacrosse (1), men's rugby (26), softball (1), men's swimming & diving (4), women's swimming & diving (3), men's tennis (1), men's track & field (1), and men's water polo (13).

==Notable alumni, faculty, and staff==
{{Further|List of University of California, Berkeley alumni|List of University of California, Berkeley faculty|List of Nobel laureates associated with the University of California, Berkeley}}
<gallery perrow="5">
Image:NixonBhutto1973 140x190.jpg|[[Zulfikar Ali Bhutto]], BA 1950,<ref>{{cite web|title=Zulfikar Ali Bhutto|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica Online|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/64265/Zulfikar-Ali-Bhutto}}</ref> 4th [[President of Pakistan]], 9th [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]]
Image:Earl Warren.jpg|[[Earl Warren]], BA 1912, JD 1914, 14th [[Chief Justice of the United States]] former [[Alameda County]] District Attorney; [[California Attorney General]]; 30th [[Governor of California]].
Image:Steven Chu official DOE portrait crop.jpg|[[Steven Chu]], PhD 1976, [[Nobel Prize|Nobel]] laureate and former [[United States Secretary of Energy]]
Image:Granholm speaking to troops, Lansing, 1 Dec, 2005.jpg|[[Jennifer Granholm]], BA 1984, First female [[Governor of Michigan]]
Image:Robert Reich, Policy Network, April 6 2009, detail.jpg|[[Robert Reich]], Professor of Public Policy, 22nd [[United States Secretary of Labor]]
Image:Christina Romer official portrait small.jpg|[[Christina Romer]], Professor of Economics, 25th [[Council of Economic Advisers|Chairperson of the President's Council of Economic Advisers]]
Image:Steve Wozniak.jpg|[[Steve Wozniak]], BS 1986, co-founder of [[Apple Computer]]
Image:Gordon Moore.jpg|[[Gordon Moore]], BS 1950, co-founder of [[semiconductor]] company [[Intel]]
Image: Eric E Schmidt, 2005 (looking left).jpg|[[Eric Schmidt]], MS 1979, PhD 1982, Executive Chairman of [[Google|Google Inc.]]
Image:JerryBrownByPhilKonstantin.jpg|[[Jerry Brown|Edmund Gerald "Jerry" Brown, Jr]], BA 1961, Governor of California, former [[California Attorney General]]
Image:Gregory Peck in Roman Holiday trailer cropped.jpg|[[Gregory Peck]], BA 1939, [[Academy Award]] winning actor
Image:Natalie Coughlin.png|[[Natalie Coughlin]], BA 2005, multiple gold medal winning Olympic swimmer
Image:Chamran.jpg|[[Mostafa Chamran]], Ph.D. 1963, Iranian scientist, Vice President and Defense Minister of [[Iran]]
Image:Crown Prince Håkon (50).jpg|[[Haakon Magnus, Crown Prince of Norway]], BA 1999<ref>"Her Norwegian heritage drew her to projects with the Norwegian Consulate in San Francisco and the Norwegian American Cultural Society, and she hosted a party for Crown Prince Haakon Magnus when he graduated from UC Berkeley in 1999."{{cite news|title=Sigrun Corrigan, Bay Area arts patron, dies|author=Carolyne Zinko|date=July 3, 2008|publisher=San Francisco Chronicle|url=http://articles.sfgate.com/2008-07-03/bay-area/17174224_1_mrs-corrigan-lsi-logic-ballet-san-jose}}</ref>
Image:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|[[Robert McNamara]], BA 1937, President of [[World Bank]] (1968–1981), [[United States Secretary of Defense]] (1961–1968), President of [[Ford Motor Company]] (1960)
File:Daniel KAHNEMAN.jpg|[[Daniel Kahneman]], PhD 1961, awarded the 2002 [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics]] for his work in [[Prospect theory]]
File:Harold Urey.jpg|[[Harold Urey]], PhD 1923, [[Nobel Prize|Nobel]] laureate and discoverer of [[deuterium]]
</gallery>
Kartar Singh Sarabha was an Indian revolutionary who was hanged till death by British rule
in 1915.
[[File:Douglas Engelbart in 2008.jpg|thumb|The [[computer mouse]] was invented by Turing Award laureate [[Doug Engelbart]], B. Eng. 1952, Ph.D. 1955]]
[[List of University of California, Berkeley alumni#Nobel laureates|26 alumni]] and [[List of University of California, Berkeley faculty#Nobel laureates|27 past and present full-time faculty]] are counted among the [[List of Nobel laureates associated with University of California, Berkeley|72 Nobel laureates associated with the university]]. The [[Turing Award]], the "Nobel Prize of computer science", has been awarded to [[List of University of California, Berkeley alumni#Turing Award laureates|nine alumni]] and [[List of University of California, Berkeley faculty#Turing Award|six past and present full-time faculty]].

[[Alumnus|Alumni]] have been involved in the field of [[politics]] and [[international relations]], one of whom is [[Nicholas A. Veliotes]] (1928-). Veliotes went on to become the Ambassador to the [[Country|countries]] of [[Jordan]] (1978–1981) and [[Egypt]] (1984–1986), among holding many other highly prestigious job titles and positions throughout his lengthy career.

Alumni have written novels and screenplays that have attracted Oscar-caliber talent. [[Irving Stone]] (BA 1923) wrote the novel ''[[Lust for Life (novel)|Lust for Life]]'', which was later made into an Academy Award–winning [[Lust for Life (film)|film of the same name]] starring [[Kirk Douglas]] as [[Vincent van Gogh]]. Stone also wrote ''[[The Agony and the Ecstasy (novel)|The Agony and the Ecstasy]]'', which was later made into a [[The Agony and the Ecstasy (film)|film of the same name]] starring Oscar winner [[Charlton Heston]] as [[Michelangelo]]. [[Mona Simpson (novelist)|Mona Simpson]] (BA 1979) wrote the novel ''[[Anywhere But Here (film)|Anywhere But Here]]'', which was later made into a film of the same name starring Oscar-winning actress [[Susan Sarandon]]. [[Terry McMillan]] (BA 1986) wrote ''[[How Stella Got Her Groove Back]]'', which was later made into a film of the same name starring Oscar-nominated actress [[Angela Bassett]]. [[Randi Mayem Singer]] (BA 1979) wrote the screenplay for ''[[Mrs. Doubtfire]]'', which starred Oscar winning actor [[Robin Williams]] and Oscar winning actress [[Sally Field]]. [[Audrey Wells]] (BA 1981) wrote the screenplay ''[[The Truth About Cats & Dogs]]'', which starred Oscar-nominated actress [[Uma Thurman]]. [[James Schamus]] (BA 1982, MA 1987, PhD 2003) has collaborated on screenplays with Oscar winning director [[Ang Lee]] on the Academy Award winning movies ''[[Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon]]'' and ''[[Brokeback Mountain]]''.

[[File:Robert Laughlin, Stanford University.jpg|thumb|[[Robert Laughlin]], BA 1972, Nobel laureate]]
Alumni have made important contributions to science. Some have concentrated their studies on the very small universe of atoms and molecules. [[Nobel Prize|Nobel laureate]] [[William F. Giauque]] (BS 1920, PhD 1922) investigated [[chemical thermodynamics]], Nobel laureate [[Willard Libby]] (BS 1931, PhD 1933) pioneered [[radiocarbon dating]], Nobel laureate [[Willis Lamb]] (BS 1934, PhD 1938) examined the [[hydrogen]] [[spectrum]], Nobel laureate [[Hamilton O. Smith]] (BA 1952) applied [[restriction enzymes]] to [[molecular genetics]], Nobel laureate [[Robert Laughlin]] (BA math 1972) explored the [[fractional quantum Hall effect]], and Nobel laureate [[Andrew Fire]] (BA math 1978) helped to discover [[RNA interference]]-[[gene silencing]] by double-stranded [[RNA]]. Nobel laureate [[Glenn T. Seaborg]] (PhD 1937) collaborated with [[Albert Ghiorso]] (BS 1913) to discover 12 chemical elements, such as ''[[Americium]]'', ''[[Berkelium]]'', and ''[[Californium]]''. [[Carol Greider]] (PhD 1987), professor of molecular biology and genetics at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, was awarded the 2009 [[Nobel Prize in medicine]] for discovering a key mechanism in the genetic operations of cells, an insight that has inspired new lines of research into cancer, and [[Daniel Kahneman]] was awarded the 2002 [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics]] for his work in Prospect theory.

[[John N. Bahcall]] (BS 1956) worked on the [[Standard Solar Model]] and the [[Hubble Space Telescope]],<ref name="Times2005_09_01">{{cite news|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,60-1758833,00.html|publisher=The Times(United Kingdom)|date=September 1, 2005|title=Obituaries – Professor John Bahcall | location=London | accessdate=May 27, 2010|first=Deirdre|last=Hipwell}}</ref> resulting in a [[National Medal of Science]].<ref name="Times2005_09_01"/> [[Peter Smith (scientist)|Peter Smith]] (BS 1969) was the [[principal investigator]] and project leader for the $420 million [[NASA]] robotic explorer ''[[Phoenix (spacecraft)|Phoenix]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uanews.org/node/19742|title=Peter Smith Named Thomas R. Brown Distinguished Chair in Integrative Science|author=[[University of Arizona]] University Communications|date=March 18, 2008}}</ref> which physically confirmed the presence of water on the planet [[Mars]] for the first time.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/phoenix/news/phoenix-20080731.html|title=NASA Spacecraft Confirms Martian Water, Mission Extended|date=July 31, 2008|publisher=NASA}}</ref> Astronauts [[James van Hoften]] (BS 1966), [[Margaret Rhea Seddon]] (BA 1970), [[Leroy Chiao]] (BS 1983), and [[Rex Walheim]] (BS 1984) have physically reached out to the stars, orbiting the earth in NASA's fleet of [[space shuttle]]s.

Undergraduate alumni have founded or co-founded such companies as [[Apple Computer]],<ref name="AppleByWoz">Apple Computer was co -founded by [[Steve Wozniak]]( BS 1986). {{cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1986-05-14/news/vw-5389_1_steve-wozniak|title=A UC Berkeley Degree Is Now the Apple of Steve Wozniak's Eye|date= May 14, 1986|publisher=[[Los Angeles Times]]|author=Harriet Stix}}</ref> [[Intel]],<ref name="IntelByMoore">Intel was co-founded by [[Gordon Moore]] (BS 1950). {{cite web|title=Intel chairman awarded UC Berkeley's highest honor at Silicon Valley tribute|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/96legacy/Moore.html|date=July 17, 1996|author=Jose Rodriguez|publisher=University of California at Berkeley Public Information Office}}</ref> [[LSI Logic]]<ref name="LSIByWalker">LSI Logic was co-founded by Robert Walker (BS EE 1958). {{cite journal|url=http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/4/22516/01050102.pdf?tp=&isnumber=&arnumber=1050102|title=Contributors (1970)|publisher=[[IEEE]] in the IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits|date=1970-08 }}</ref> [[Gap (clothing retailer)|The Gap]],<ref>The Gap was founded by [[Donald Fisher]] (BS 1951), who served as its inaugural president and chairman of the board. {{cite web|url=http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/groups/pubs/calbusiness/fall2009/alumni05.html|title=Obituaries – Business Visionary Don Fisher, BS 51|date=2009 (Fall)|publisher=University of California, Berkeley's Haas School of Business}}</ref> [[MySpace]],<ref name="MySpaceByAnderson">MySpace was co-founded by [[Tom Anderson (MySpace)|Tom Anderson]](BA 1998). {{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2008/jun/23/myspace.tomanderson|publisher=The Guardian (publication in the [[United Kingdom]])|author=Owen Gibson|title=200 million friends and counting|date=June 23, 2008 | location=London}}</ref> [[PowerBar]],<ref>PowerBar was co-founded by [[Brian Maxwell]] (BA 1975) and his wife Jennifer Maxwell (BS 1988). {{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2004/03/22_maxwell.shtml|publisher=UC Berkeley News|title=Cal mourns passing of Brian Maxwell, former coach, runner, PowerBar founder, and philanthropist|date=March 22, 2004}}</ref> [[Berkeley Systems]],<ref name="Joan_Blades">Berkeley Systems and [[MoveOn.org]] were co-founded by [[Joan Blades]] (BA 1977). {{cite web|url=http://www.msmagazine.com/dec03/woty2003_blades.asp|title=Women of the Year 2003 – Joan Blades|author=Ellen Hawkes|publisher=[[Ms. (magazine)]]|date=2003 (Winter)}}</ref> [[Bolt, Beranek and Newman]]<ref>Bolt, Beranek and Newman was co-founded by [[Richard Bolt]] (BA 1933, MA 1937, PhD 1939). {{cite web|url=http://acousticalsociety.org/about/awards/gold/12_10_10_bolt|title=Acoustical Society of America Gold Medal Award – 1979 Richard Henry Bolt|year=1979|publisher=[[Acoustical Society of America]]|author=Leo L. Beranek}}</ref> (which created a number of underlying technologies that govern the [[Internet]]), [[Chez Panisse]],<ref>Chez Panisse was founded by [[Alice Waters]] (BA 1967). {{cite news|url=http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/reference/timestopics/people/w/alice_waters/index.html|title=Alice Waters|publisher=New York Times | first=Andrew | last=Martin | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}; and {{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/1996/08/14/garden/alice-waters-food-revolutionary.html|title=Alice Waters: Food Revolutionary|author=Marian Burros|date=August 14, 1996 | work=The New York Times}}</ref> [[GrandCentral]] (known now as [[Google Voice]]),<ref>[[GrandCentral]] (known now as Google Voice) was co-founded by [[Craig Walker (businessman)|Craig Walker]] (B.A. 1988, J.D. 1995). {{cite journal|url=http://www.law.berkeley.edu/institutes/bclt/entrepreneurship/speakers.html#walker|title=A Symposium on Intellectual Property and Entrepreneurship March 7–8, 2008 – Speakers|publisher=Berkeley Center for Law & Technology, Berkeley Technology Law Journal|year=2008}}</ref> [[Advent Software]],<ref>Advent Software was founded by [[Stephanie DiMarco]] (BS Business 1979) and Steve Strand (BS EECS 1979). {{cite web|url=http://coe.berkeley.edu/engnews/Spring06/EN13S/advent.html|title=How to build a successful software company|date=April 17, 2006|publisher=Engineering News (College of Engineering, UC Berkeley)}}</ref> [[HTC Corporation]],<ref name="HTC_VIA">HTC Corporation and VIA Technologies were co-founded by [[Cher Wang]] (BA 1980, MA 1981). {{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/27/technology/companies/27wang.html|author= Laura Holson |date=October 26, 2008|title=With Smartphones, Cher Wang Made Her Own Fortune|publisher= New York Times}}</ref> [[VIA Technologies]],<ref name="HTC_VIA"/> [[Marvell Technology Group]],<ref>Marvell Technology Group was founded by Weili Dai, (BA Computer Science 1984) and her husband Sehat Sutardja (MS 1983, PhD 1988 EECS) and brother-in-law Pantas Sutardjai (MS 1983, PhD 1988 ). {{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2009/02/27_citris.shtml| author=Sarah Yang|date=February 27, 2009|title=Dedication of new CITRIS headquarters marks new stage of innovation to help fuel economic growth|publisher=University of California, Berkeley and the UC Regents}}</ref> MoveOn.org,<ref name="Joan_Blades"/> [[Opsware]],<ref>Opsware was co-founded by In Sik Rhee (BS EECS 1993).{{cite news|url=http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/8.08/loudcloud_pr.html|author=David Sheff|date=2008-08|title=Crank it up|publisher=[[Wired Magazine]]}}</ref> [[RedOctane]],<ref>RedOctane was co-founded by brothers Charles Huang (BA 1992 ) and Kai Huang (BA CS 1994). {{cite web|url=http://www.inc.com/magazine/20081001/just-play_pagen_5.html|title=Just Play – Guitar Hero|publisher=[[Inc Magazine]]|author=Don Steinberg|date=October 1, 2008}}</ref> [[SanDisk]],<ref>SanDisk was co-founded by Sanjay Mehrotra (BS 1978, MS EE 1980). {{cite web|url=http://sandisk.com/about-sandisk/management|title=Corporate Officers|publisher=SanDisk}}</ref> [[Scharffen Berger Chocolate Maker]],<ref>Scharffen Berger Chocolate Maker was co-founded by John Scharffenberger (BA 1973). {{cite web|url=http://www.dailycal.org/article/104091/berkeley_scharffen_berger_factory_to_close|title=Berkeley Scharffen Berger Factory to Close|publisher=[[Daily Californian]]|author=Jessica Kwong|date=January 29, 2009}}</ref> [[VMware]],<ref name="VMwareByWangEtAl">VMware was co-founded by Edward Wang (BS EECS 1983, MS 1988, PhD 1994), along with Diane Greene (MS CS 1988) and her husband Mendel Rosenblum (MS 1989, PhD 1992). {{cite web|url=http://www.vmware.com/company/leadership.html|publisher=VMware|title=VMware Leadership}}</ref> and [[Zilog]],<ref>Zilog was co-founded by Ralph Ungermannn (BSEE 1964). {{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/1988/02/19/business/business-people-ungermann-bass-chairman-finds-a-merger-he-likes.html?pagewanted=1|publisher=New York Times|title=BUSINESS PEOPLE; Ungermann-Bass Chairman Finds a Merger He Likes|author=Lawrence M. Fisher|date=February 19, 1988}}</ref> while graduate school alumni have co-founded companies such as [[DHL Express|DHL]],<ref>DHL was co-founded by [[Larry Hillblom]] (Law 1969). {{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/1995/05/23/us/larry-l-hillblom-52-founder-of-dhl-worldwide-express.html?pagewanted=1|title=Larry L. Hillblom, 52, Founder Of DHL Worldwide Express|author=Saul Hansell|date=May 23, 1995|publisher=New York Times}}</ref> [[Google Earth|KeyHole Inc]] (known now as Google Earth),<ref>KeyHole Inc (known now as Google Earth) was co-founded by John Hanke (MBA 1996). {{cite web|url=http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/innovation/innovation1.html|publisher=University of California, Berkeley|title=Haas Alumnus Maps the Future at Google Earth}}</ref> [[Sun Microsystems]],<ref name="SunByJoy">Sun Microsystems was co-founded by [[Bill Joy]] (MS 1982). {{cite web|url=http://www.engin.umich.edu/newscenter/feature/goffsmith/|title=2009 Goff Smith Lecture: Bill Joy, The Promise of Green Technologies|date=October 16, 2009|publisher=[[University of Michigan]] College of Engineering}}</ref> and [[The Learning Company]].<ref>The Learning Company was co-founded by [[Warren Robinett]] (MS 1976). {{cite web|url=http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/login.jsp?url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fiel5%2F7729%2F35735%2F01695940.pdf%3Farnumber%3D1695940&authDecision=-203|title=Effect of Conductance Variability on Resistor-Logic Demultiplexers for Nanoelectronics|publisher=IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnolgy|author=IEEE|date=2006-11|authorlink=IEEE}}</ref> Berkeley alumni have also led various technology companies such as [[Electronic Arts]],<ref name="EaCEORiccittiello">[[John Riccitiello]] (BS 1981) has served as the CEO of Electronic Arts since 2007, and previously served as the president and COO of the company from 1996 to 2003. He is also the co-founder of [[Elevation Partners]] (with [[U2 (band)|U2]] singer [[Bono]]). {{cite web|url= http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/groups/pubs/calbusiness/fall2007/profile_riccitiello.html|title=University of California Berkeley, Haas School of Business – John Riccitiello, BS 81|author= HarmonyService |publisher= Haas School of Business, University of California Berkeley|date= Fall 2007}}</ref> [[Google]],<ref name="GoogleCEOSchmidt">[[Eric Schmidt]] (MS 1979, PhD 1982) has been the CEO of [[Google]] since 2001. {{cite web|url= http://coe.berkeley.edu/labnotes/0103/history.html|title=Lab Notes: Research from the Berkeley College of Engineering – Eric Schmidt Searches and Finds Success (Again)|author=David Pescovitz|publisher= College of Engineering, University of California Berkeley, |date= Jan/Feb 2003 (Volume 3, Issue 1)}}</ref>
[[Adobe Systems]],<ref name="AdobeCEONarayen">[[Shantanu Narayen]] (MBA 1993) has been the CEO of [[Adobe Systems]] since 2007. {{cite web|url=http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/groups/alumni/halloffame/alumni/narayen.html|title=Shantanu Narayen MBA 93|author=University of California Berkeley, Haas School of Business
|publisher=University of California Berkeley, Haas School of Business|year=2009}}</ref> and [[Qualcomm]].<ref name="QualcommCEOJacobs">Paul Jacobs (BS 1984, MS 1986, PhD 1989 EECS) has been the CEO of Qualcomm since 2005. {{cite web|url=http://innovations.coe.berkeley.edu/vol2-issue10-nov08/pauljacobs|title= Mobile Phone Metamorphosis|author=Abby Cohn|publisher="Innovations" by UC Berkeley College of Engineering|date=November 2008 (Volume 2 Issue 10)}}</ref>

[[File:Ken n dennis.jpg|thumb|Turing Award laureate [[Ken Thompson]] (left), BS 1965, MS 1966, with fellow laureate and colleague [[Dennis Ritchie]] (right); together, they created [[Unix]]]]
Berkeley alumni nurtured a number of key technologies associated with the [[personal computer]] and the development of the Internet.<ref>"Berkeley Unix worked so well that [[DARPA]] chose it for the preferred 'universal computing environment' to link [[Arpanet]] research nodes, thus setting in place an essential piece of infrastructure for the later growth of the Internet. An entire generation of computer scientists cut their teeth on Berkeley Unix. Without it, the Net might well have evolved into a shape similar to what it is today, but with it, the Net exploded." {{cite web|url=http://www.salon.com/tech/fsp/2000/05/16/chapter_2_part_one/print.html|title=BSD Unix: Power to the people, from the code|author=Andrew Leonard|publisher=[[Salon.com]]|date=May 16, 2000}}</ref> [[Unix]] was created by alumnus [[Ken Thompson]] (BS 1965, MS 1966) along with colleague [[Dennis Ritchie]]. Alumni such as [[L. Peter Deutsch]]<ref>Deutsch was awarded a 1992 citation by the [[Association for Computing Machinery]] for his work on [[Interlisp]]({{cite web|url=http://awards.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2925352&srt=all&aw=149&ao=SOFTWSYS|title=ACM Award Citation – L. Peter Deustch}})</ref><ref>L. Peter Deutsch is profiled on pages 30, 31, 43, 53, 54, 66 (which mentions Deutsch beginning his freshman year at Berkeley), and page 87 in the following book: {{cite book|title=Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution|author=Steven Levy|publisher=[[Penguin Books]]|date=January 2, 2001|isbn=0-385-19195-2|authorlink=Steven Levy}}</ref><ref>L. Peter Deutsch is profiled in pages 69, 70–72, 118, 146, 227, 230, 280, 399 of the following book: {{cite book|title=Dealers of Lightning: Xerox PARC and the Dawn of the Computer Age|author=Michael A. Hiltzik|publisher=Collins Business|isbn=0-88730-891-0 }}</ref> (PhD 1973), [[Butler Lampson]] (PhD 1967), and [[Charles P. Thacker]] (BS 1967)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.computerhistory.org/fellowawards/index.php?id=112|publisher=[[Computer History Museum]]|year=2007|title=Fellow Awards – Charles Thacker}}</ref> worked with Ken Thompson on [[Project Genie]] and then formed the ill-fated [[United States Department of Defense|US Department of Defense]]-funded Berkeley Computer Corporation (BCC), which was scattered throughout the Berkeley campus in non-descript offices to avoid anti-war protestors.<ref>{{cite book|title=Dealers of Lightning: Xerox Parc and the Dawn of the Computer Age|author=Michael A. Hiltzik|publisher=Collins Business|page=70|isbn=0-88730-891-0}}</ref> After BCC failed, Deutsch, Lampson, and Thacker joined [[Xerox PARC]], where they developed a number of pioneering computer technologies, culminating in the [[Xerox Alto]] that inspired the [[Apple Macintosh]]. In particular, the Alto used a [[computer mouse]], which had been invented by [[Doug Engelbart]] (B.Eng 1952, Ph.D. 1955). Thompson, Lampson, Engelbart, and Thacker<ref>{{cite news|publisher=[[USA Today]]|title=Charles Thacker wins Turing Award, computing's 'Nobel prize'|author=Elizabeth Weise|date=March 15, 2010|url=http://content.usatoday.com/communities/sciencefair/post/2010/03/charles-thacker-wins-turing-award-computings-nobel-prize/1}}</ref> all later received a Turing Award. Also at Xerox PARC was Ronald V. Schmidt (BS 1966, MS 1968, PhD 1971), who became known as "the man who brought [[Ethernet]] to the masses".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C01E2DE163AF934A15751C0A962958260|title=Sound Bytes; On Building a Better Highway|author=Lawrence M. Fisher|publisher=The New York Times|date=February 27, 1994}}</ref> Another Xerox PARC researcher, [[Charles Simonyi]] (BS 1972), pioneered the first [[WYSIWIG]] [[word processor]] program and was recruited personally by [[Bill Gates]] to join the fledgling company known as [[Microsoft]] to create [[Microsoft Word]]. Simonyi later became the first repeat [[space tourist]], blasting off on Russian [[Soyuz (rocket)|Soyuz]] rockets to work at the [[International Space Station]] orbiting the earth.

In 1977, a graduate student in the computer science department named Bill Joy (MS 1982) assembled<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.salon.com/tech/fsp/2000/05/16/chapter_2_part_one/print.html|title=BSD Unix: Power to the people, from the code|author=Andrew Leonard|publisher=[[Salon.com]]|date=May 16, 2000}}</ref> the original [[Berkeley Software Distribution]], commonly known as [[BSD Unix]]. Joy, who went on to co-found Sun Microsystems, also developed the original version of the [[Computer display|terminal]] console editor [[vi]], while [[Ken Arnold]] (BA 1985) created [[Curses (programming library)|Curses]], a terminal control [[Library (computer science)|library]] for [[Unix-like]] systems that enables the construction of [[Text user interface|text user interface (TUI)]] applications. Working alongside Joy at Berkeley were undergraduates [[William Jolitz]] (BS 1997) and his future wife [[Lynne Jolitz]] (BA 1989), who together created [[386BSD]], a version of BSD Unix that runs on Intel CPUs and evolved into the [[Comparison of BSD operating systems|BSD family of free operating systems]] and the [[Darwin (operating system)|Darwin operating system]] underlying [[Apple Inc.|Apple]] [[Mac OS X]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.salon.com/tech/feature/2000/05/17/386bsd/print.html|title=The unknown hackers – Open-source pioneers Bill and Lynne Jolitz may be the most famous programmers you've never heard of|author=Rachel Chalmers|publisher=[[Salon.com]]|date=May 17, 2000}}</ref> [[Eric Allman]] (BS 1977, MS 1980) created [[SendMail]], a Unix [[mail transfer agent]] that delivers about 12% of the [[email]] in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.securityspace.com/s_survey/data/man.201112/mxsurvey.html|publisher=Security Space|title=Mail (MX) Server Survey|date=January 1, 2012|author=E-Soft Inc}}</ref>

The [[EXperimental Computing Facility|XCF]], an undergraduate research group located in [[Soda Hall]], has been responsible for a number of notable software projects, including [[GTK+]] (created by [[Peter Mattis]], BS 1997), [[The GIMP]] ([[Spencer Kimball (computer programmer)|Spencer Kimball]], BS 1996), and the initial diagnosis of the [[Morris worm]].<ref>{{cite web | title = eXperimental Computer Facility's proud present and impressive past | date = February 10, 2003 | publisher = [http://www.coe.berkeley.edu/ Engineering News] | url = http://www.coe.berkeley.edu/engnews/spring03/4S/XCF.html | accessdate = February 13, 2009}}</ref> In 1992 [[Pei-Yuan Wei]],<ref>Pei-Yuan Wei's contributions are profiled on pages 56, 64, 68, and 83, in the [[World Wide Web]] creator's autobiography ({{cite book| title=Weaving the Web|author=Tim Berners-Lee|publisher=Collins Business|date=November 7, 2001| isbn=0-06-251586-1|authorlink=Tim Berners-Lee}})</ref> an undergraduate at the XCF, created [[ViolaWWW]], one of the first graphical web browsers. ViolaWWW was the first browser to have embedded scriptable objects, stylesheets, and tables. In the spirit of Open Source, he donated the code to Sun Microsystems, inspiring [[Java (programming language)|Java]] applets( [[Kim Polese]] (BS 1984) was the original product manager for Java at Sun Microsystems.) ViolaWWW also inspired researchers at the [[National Center for Supercomputing Applications]] to create the [[Mosaic web browser]],<ref>{{cite book| title=Weaving the Web|author=Tim Berners-Lee|publisher=Collins Business|date=November 7, 2001|pages=68, 83| isbn=0-06-251586-1|authorlink=Tim Berners-Lee}}</ref> a pioneering [[web browser]] that became Microsoft [[Internet Explorer]].

[[File:KathyBaker.jpg|thumb|[[Emmy]]- and [[Golden Globe Award]]- award winning actress Kathy Baker, BA 1977]]
Collectively, alumni have won at least twenty [[Academy Awards]]. [[Gregory Peck]] (BA 1939), nominated for four Oscars during his career, won an Oscar for acting in ''[[To Kill a Mockingbird (film)|To Kill a Mockingbird]]''. [[Chris Innis]] (BA 1991) won the 2010 Oscar for film editing for her work on best picture winner, ''[[The Hurt Locker]]''. [[Walter Plunkett]] (BA 1923 ) won an Oscar for costume design (for ''[[An American in Paris]]''). [[Freida Lee Mock]] (BA 1961) and [[Charles H. Ferguson]] (BA 1978) have each<ref>Freida Lee Mock (BA 1961) won an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature in 1995 for ''[[Maya Lin: A Strong Clear Vision]]''. {{cite web|url=http://www.pbs.org/pov/behindthelens/mock.php|title=Behind the Lens- Extended Interviews with POV Filmmakers |publisher=[[Public Broadcasting Service]] and American Documentary Inc.| date=March 4, 2011}}</ref><ref>Charles H. Ferguson (BA 1978) won an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature in 2011 for ''[[Inside Job (film)|Inside Job]]''. {{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2011/feb/28/inside-job-best-documentary-oscar|publisher=The Guardian (United Kingdom)|date=February 28, 2011|author=Andrew Pulver|title=Oscars 2011: Inside Job banks best documentary award}}</ref> won an Oscar for documentary filmmaking. Mark Berger (BA 1964) has won four Oscars for sound mixing and is an adjunct professor at UC Berkeley.<ref>{{cite web|title=UC Berkeley Professor Mixes Sound for Award Winning Films|author=Jawad Qadir|date=March 31, 2010|url=http://archive.dailycal.org/article/108855/uc_berkeley_professor_mixes_sound_for_award-winnin|publisher=The Daily Californian}}</ref> [[Edith Head]] (BA 1918), who was nominated for 34 Oscars during her career, won eight Oscars for costume design. [[Joe Letteri]] (BA 1981<ref>{{cite journal|journal=California Magazine|date=June 2003|title=Talk of the Gown – Blues in the News|publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}</ref>) has won four Oscars for Best Visual Effects in the [[James Cameron]] film ''[[Avatar (2009 film)|Avatar]]'' and the [[Peter Jackson]] films ''[[King Kong (2005 film)|King Kong]]'', ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers|The Two Towers]]'', and ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King|The Return of the King]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://triblive.com/home/1187547-85/movies-letteri-effects-oscar-movie-fourth-lord-native-rings-special|title=Beaver County native wins fourth Oscar for visual effects|author=Sandra Fischione Donovan|publisher=[[Pittsburgh Tribune-Review]]|date=March 12, 2010}}</ref>

Alumni have collectively won at least twenty-five [[Emmy Awards]]: Jon Else (BA 1968) for cinematography; [[Andrew Schneider]] (BA 1973) for screenwriting; Linda Schacht (BA 1966, MA 1981), two for broadcast journalism;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/groups/newspubs/haasnews/archives/hn022001.html|title=Haas NewsWire, February 20, 2001|publisher=Haas School of Business and the University of California, Berkeley|date=February 20, 2001}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url= http://journalism.berkeley.edu/program/television/faculty/|title=Television Program Faculty and Lecturers|publisher=Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism and the Regents of the [[University of California]]}}</ref> Christine Chen (dual BA's 1990), two for broadcast journalism;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asianhalloffame.org/ceremony.htm#christinechen|year=2007|publisher=Robert Chinn Foundation|title=Asian Hall of Fame – Induction Ceremony}}</ref> Kristen Sze (BA), two for broadcast journalism;<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[KGO-TV|KGO]] News|title=Meet the Team – Kristen Sze|url=http://abclocal.go.com/kgo/bio?section=resources/inside_station/newsteam&id=5771724}}</ref> [[Kathy Baker]] (BA 1977), three for acting; Ken Milnes (BS 1977), four for broadcasting technology; and [[Leroy Sievers]] (BA),<ref name="ABCNews_Sievers_2008_08_16">{{cite journal|url=http://www.abcnews.go.com/print?id=5197492|title=Colon Cancer Claims Veteran Journalist Leroy Sievers|date=August 16, 2008|publisher=[[ABC News]]|author=}}</ref> twelve for production.

[[File:Robert Penn Warren.jpg|thumb|left|upright|[[Robert Penn Warren]], M.A. 1927 – novelist and poet, who received the Pulitzer Prize three times]]
Alumni collectively have won at least eight Pulitzer Prizes. Pulitzer Prize winning journalist [[Marguerite Higgins]] (BA 1941) was a pioneering female war correspondent<ref>"General Walton H. Walker had ordered her out of [[Korea]]..... Like many another soldier, old and young, General Walker was convinced that women do not belong in a combat zone... General [[Douglas MacArthur]] reversed Walker's ruling. To the Herald Tribune, MacArthur sent a soothing telegram: 'Ban on women correspondents in Korea has been lifted. Marguerite Higgins is held in highest professional esteem by everyone.'" {{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,821303,00.html|title=The Press: Last Word|publisher=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date=July 31, 1950}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=The Press: Pride of the Regiment|publisher=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,813360-1,00.html|date=September 25, 1950}}</ref> who covered World War II, the [[Korean War]], and the [[Vietnam War]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,835015-1,00.html|publisher=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|title=Columnists: Lady at War|date=January 14, 1966}}</ref> Novelist [[Robert Penn Warren]] (MA 1927) won three Pulitzer Prizes,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.biography.com/articles/Robert-Penn-Warren-9524366|publisher=[[The Biography Channel]]|title=Robert Penn Warren|author=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.|year=2008 }}</ref> including one for his novel ''[[All the King's Men]]'', which was later made into an Academy Award winning<ref>Nominated for seven Academy Awards, ''[[All the King's Men (1949 film)|All the King's Men]]'' won Oscars for [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]] of 1949, [[Academy Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]] ([[Broderick Crawford]]), and [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]] ([[Mercedes McCambridge]]){{cite news|url=http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/1609/All-the-King-s-Men/overview|title=All the King's Men – Review Summary|author=Bosley Crowther|publisher=The New York Times | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}</ref> [[All the King's Men (1949 film)|movie]]. Pulitzer Prize winning cartoonist [[Rube Goldberg]] (BS 1904) invented the comically complex—yet ultimately trivial—contraptions known as [[Rube Goldberg machine]]s . Journalist Alexandra Berzon (MA 2006) won a Pulitzer Prize in 2009,<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.dailycal.org/article/105393/journalism_school_alumna_part_of_pulitzer-prize_wi|date=April 23, 2009|title=Journalism School Alumna Part Of Pulitzer-Prize Winning Staff|author=Shannon Lee|publisher=The Daily Californian}}</ref> and journalist [[Matt Richtel]] (BA 1989), who also co-authors the comic strip ''[[Rudy Park]]'' under the pen name of "Theron Heir",<ref>{{cite news|url=http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/reference/timestopics/people/r/matt_richtel/index.html|title=Matt Richtel|publisher=The New York Times|date=April 12, 2010 | accessdate=May 27, 2010 | first1=Ashlee | last1=Vance}}</ref> won the 2010 Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pulitzer.org/biography/2010-National-Reporting|title=Matt Richtel|year=2010|publisher=The Pulitzer Prizes}}</ref> Pulitzer Prize-winning historian [[Leon Litwack]] (BA<ref>{{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/berkeleyan/2005/09/14_litwack.shtml|title=Leon Litwack Rocks|publisher=The Berkeleyan and the UC Berkeley NewsCenter|date=September 14, 2005|author=Cathy Cockrell}}</ref> 1951, PhD 1958 ) taught as a professor at UC Berkeley for 43 years;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2007/05/08_litwack.shtml|title=Leon Litwack's last stand|date=May 8, 2007|author=Cathy Cockrell|publisher=UC Berkeley NewsCenter (University of California, Berkeley)}}</ref> [[List of University of California, Berkeley faculty#Pulitzer Prize|three other]] UC Berkeley professors have also received the Pulitzer Prize.

Alumni have acted in classic television series that are still broadcast on TV today. [[Karen Grassle]] (BA 1965) played the mother [[Caroline Ingalls]] in ''[[Little House on the Prairie (TV series)|Little House on the Prairie]]'', [[Jerry Mathers]] (BA 1974) starred in ''[[Leave it to Beaver]]'', and [[Roxann Dawson]] (BA 1980) portrayed [[B'Elanna Torres]] on ''[[Star Trek: Voyager]]''.

Former undergraduates have participated in the contemporary music industry, such as ''[[Grateful Dead]]'' bass guitarist [[Phil Lesh]], ''[[The Police]]'' drummer [[Stewart Copeland]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://movies.nytimes.com/person/85855/Stewart-Copeland/biography|author=Rovi of All Movie Guide|publisher=The New York Times|title=Stewart Copeland}}</ref> ''[[Rolling Stone Magazine]]'' founder [[Jann Wenner]], ''[[The Bangles]]'' lead singer [[Susanna Hoffs]] (BA 1980), ''[[Counting Crows]]'' lead singer [[Adam Duritz]], [[MTV]] correspondent [[Suchin Pak]] (BA 1997),<ref>{{cite web|publisher=MTV|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/correspondents/pak/bio.jhtml|title=SuChin Pak Biography – Reporter, Host and Interviewer – MTV News}}</ref> ''[[AFI (band)|AFI]]'' musicians [[Davey Havok]] and [[Jade Puget]] (BA 1996), and solo artist [[Marié Digby]] (''[[Say It Again (Digby song)|Say It Again]]''). ''[[People Magazine]]'' included ''[[Third Eye Blind]]'' lead singer and songwriter [[Stephan Jenkins]] (BA 1987) in the magazine's list of "50 Most Beautiful People".<ref>{{cite web|date=May 10, 1999|publisher=[[People Magazine]]|title=Stephan Jenkins: Musician|url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20128175,00.html}}</ref>

Alumni have also participated in the world of sports. Tennis athlete [[Helen Wills Moody]] (BA 1925) won 31 [[Grand Slam (tennis)|Grand Slam]] titles, including eight singles titles at [[The Championships, Wimbledon|Wimbledon]]. [[Tarik Glenn]] (BA 1999) is a [[Super Bowl XLI]] champion. [[Michele Tafoya]] (BA 1988) is a sports television reporter for [[ABC Sports]] and [[ESPN]].<ref>{{cite web|title= Michele Tafoya – ESPN's Monday Night Football Sideline Reporter; Play-By-Play and Sideline Commentator|url=http://www.espnmediazone.com/bios/Talent/Tafoya_Michele.htm|publisher=ESPN}}</ref> [[Sports agent]] [[Leigh Steinberg]] ( BA 1970, JD 1973) has represented professional athletes such as [[Steve Young (American football)|Steve Young]], [[Troy Aikman]], and [[Oscar de la Hoya]]; Steinberg has been called the real-life inspiration<ref>{{cite news|title='Jerry Maguire aspires to be you'|author=Daniel Roberts and Pablo S. Torre|publisher=Sports illustrated|date=2012-04-11|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2012/magazine/04/10/steinberg/index.html}}</ref> for the title character in the Oscar-winning<ref>''Jerry Maguire'' was nominated for 5 Academy Awards, and won for Best Supporting Actor ([[Cuba Gooding, Jr.]]).</ref> film ''[[Jerry Maguire]]'' (portrayed by [[Tom Cruise]]). [[Matt Biondi]] (BA 1988) won eight Olympic gold medals during his swimming career, in which he participated in three different Olympics. At the [[Beijing Olympics]] in 2008, [[Natalie Coughlin]] (BA 2005) became the first American female athlete in modern Olympic history<ref name="Aron2008_08_18">"The six medals she won are the most by an American woman in any sport, breaking the record she tied four years ago. Her career total matches the third-most by any U.S. athlete." {{cite news|url=http://stats.cbc.ca/olympics/story.asp?i=20080817063823933328708&%20ref=rec&tm=&src=OLYMPICS_DOLY_SWM|title=Coughlin's 6 medals most by a US woman|author=Jaime Aron|date=August 17, 2008|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]}}</ref> to win six medals in one Olympics. (A panel of ''[[Sports Illustrated]]'''s [[Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue|swimsuit models]] voted Coughlin as one of the Top 20 Best-Looking Female Athletes.<ref>{{cite news|title=SI's Swimsuit Models rank the best-looking athletes|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2006/scorecard/12/19/hot_landing/index.html
|publisher=Sports Illustrated|date= December 19, 2006 | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}</ref><ref>Natalie Coughlin's ''Sports Illustrated'' photo is at {{cite news|title=Best Looking Athletes – 13 – Natalie Coughlin – Swimming
|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/multimedia/photo_gallery/0611/gallery.prettypeople.women20/content.8.html|publisher=Sports Illustrated|date= December 19, 2006 | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}</ref>)

There are at least 14 living alumni billionaires: Gordon Moore (Intel founder), Bill Joy (computer programmer and Sun Microsystems founder), Eric Schmidt (Google Chairman), Bassam Alghanim (wealthiest Kuwaiti), Charles Simonyi (Microsoft), Cher Wang (HTC, wealthiest Taiwanese), Robert Haas (Levi's), [[Donald Fisher]] (Gap), Carlos Rodriguez-Pastor <ref>[http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-08-03/publicity-shy-tycoon-forging-modern-peru-amid-expanding-economy.htmland ]{{dead link|date=July 2013}}</ref> (Interbank, Peru), [[Fayez Sarofim]], [[Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway]], [[James Harris Simons]], and [[Michael Milken]].

==See also==
{{Portal|San Francisco Bay Area|University}}
* [[Higher Education Recruitment Consortium]]
* [[List of forestry universities and colleges]]
* [[Pacific Film Archive]]
* [[University of California Museum of Paleontology]]

==Notes and references==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading and viewing==
* {{cite book
| first = Gray
| last = Brechin
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 1999
| month =
| title = Imperial San Francisco
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = UC Press Ltd
| location =
| isbn = 0-520-21568-0
| url =
}}
* {{cite book
| first = Susan Dinkelspiel
| last = Cerny
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 2001
| month =
| title = Berkeley Landmarks: An Illustrated Guide to Berkeley, California's Architectural Heritage
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association
| location =
| isbn = 0-9706676-0-4
| url =
}}
* {{cite book
| first = Jo
| last = Freeman
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 2003
| month =
| title = At Berkeley in the Sixties: The Education of an Activist, 1961–1965
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = Indiana University Press
| location =
| isbn = 0-253-21622-2
| url =
}}
* {{cite book
| first = Harvey
| last = Helfand
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 2001
| month =
| title = University of California, Berkeley
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = Princeton Architectural Press
| location =
| isbn = 1-56898-293-3
| url =
}}
* {{cite book | first = MFEM | last = Owens | year = 2004 | title = America's Best Value Colleges| edition = | publisher = The Princeton Review | isbn = 0-375-76373-2 | url =}}
* {{cite book
| first = W. J.
| last = Rorabaugh
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 1990
| month =
| title = Berkeley at War: The 1960s
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = Oxford University Press
| location =
| isbn = 0-19-506667-7
| url =
}}
* {{cite AV media
| people = [[Frederick Wiseman|Wiseman, Frederick]] (Director)
| year = 2013
| title = At Berkeley
| trans_title =
| medium = Motion picture
| language =
| url =
| accessdate =
| archiveurl =
| archivedate =
| format =
| time =
| location =
| publisher = Zipporah Films
| id =
| isbn =
| oclc =
| quote =
| ref =
}}
* {{cite book
| first = Geoffrey
| last = Wong
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 2001
| month =May
| title = A Golden State of Mind
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = Trafford Publishing
| location =
| isbn = 1-55212-635-8
| url =
}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [http://www.berkeley.edu/ Official website]
* [http://www.calbears.com/ Official athletics website]
* {{Cite Collier's|California, University of}}
* {{dmoz|Reference/Education/Colleges_and_Universities/North_America/United_States/California/University_of_California/Berkeley/}}

{{Coord|37.870|-122.259|region:US-CA_type:edu|display=title}}
{{University of California, Berkeley}}
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University of California, Berkeley

2013-11-19T00:12:30Z

Casecrer: The infobox should show the PRIMARY seal without the word "Berkeley" in it. Only the SECONDARY seal contains the word "Berkeley". See discussion page for details.

{{pp-move-indef}}
{{Infobox university
|name = University of California, Berkeley
|motto = ''[[Fiat lux]]'' ([[Latin]])
|mottoeng = [[Let there be light]]
|established = March 23, 1868
|image_name = The University of California 1868.svg
|image_size = 200px
|caption = [[Seal (emblem)|Seal]] of U.C. Berkeley
|type = [[Flagship university|Flagship]] [[Public University|Public]]
|calendar = [[Semester]]
|endowment = $3.03 billion<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/_files/report/UC_Annual_Endowment_Report_FY2011-2012.pdf |title=UC Annual Endowment Report, Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012; p.4 |accessdate=2013-01-07 |publisher=Office of the Treasurer of the Regents of the University of California|format=PDF}}</ref>
|chancellor = [[Nicholas Dirks]]
|students = 36,204 (Fall 2013)
|undergrad = 25,951 (Fall 2013)<ref name="Total Enrollment by Level, Gender, and Ethnicity">{{cite web|url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/enrollmentData.html |title=UC Berkeley Enrollment Data |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=July 29, 2012}}</ref>
|postgrad = 10,253 (Fall 2013)<ref name="Total Enrollment by Level, Gender, and Ethnicity"/>
|doctoral =
|city = [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]]
|state = [[California]]
|country = [[United States]]
|campus = [[Urban area|Urban]] 
Total {{convert|1232|acre|ha}} Core Campus {{convert|178|acre|ha}}<ref name="Facts at a glance">{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/about/fact.shtml |format=PDF |title=Facts at a glance |year=2010-11 |publisher=University of California - Berkeley |accessdate=July 31, 2013}}</ref>
Total land owned {{convert|6679|acre|ha}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://regents.universityofcalifornia.edu/regmeet/nov12/f8attach1.pdf |format=PDF |title=UC Financial Reports– Campus Facts in Brief, p.10 |year=2011-12 |publisher=University of California}}</ref>
|colors = {{Color box|#010066}} [[Yale Blue]] {{Color box|#FFCC33}} [[UCLA Gold|California Gold]]
|nickname = Golden Bears
|mascot = [[Oski the Bear]]
|athletics = 27 Varsity Teams [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] [[Division I (NCAA)|Division I]] '''[[California Golden Bears]]'''
|free_label = [[Nobel Laureates]]
|free = 72<ref>[[List of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of California, Berkeley]] ''List of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of California, Berkeley''</ref>
|free_label2 = Yearbook
|free nickname2 = The Blue & Gold
|affiliations = [[Association of American Universities|AAU]] [[International Alliance of Research Universities|IARU]] [[Pacific-12 Conference|Pacific-12]] [[University of California]]
|publictransit = [[Downtown Berkeley (BART station)|Downtown Berkeley BART]]
|website = [http://berkeley.edu/ Berkeley.edu]
|logo = [[File:Berkeley Horizontal Logo.PNG|240px]]
}}

The '''University of California, Berkeley''' (also referred to as '''UC Berkeley''', '''Berkeley''', '''California''', or simply '''Cal'''), is a public research university located in [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]], [[California]], [[United States]]. The university occupies {{convert|1232|acre|ha}} on the [[East Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)|eastern side]] of the [[San Francisco Bay]] with the central campus resting on {{convert|178|acre|ha}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/about/fact.shtml |title=About Berkeley – Facts at a Glance |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=July 16, 2013}}</ref> Berkeley is the flagship institution of the 10 campus [[University of California]] system and one of only two UC campuses operating on a [[Academic term|semester calendar]], the other being [[University of California, Merced|UC Merced]].

Established in 1868 as the result of the merger of the private [[College of California]] and the public Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College in [[Oakland, California|Oakland]], Berkeley is the oldest institution in the UC system and offers approximately 350 undergraduate and [[graduate degree]] programs in a wide range of disciplines.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/about/hist/index.shtml |title=History – UC Berkeley |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> Berkeley has been charged with providing both "classical" and "practical" education for the state's people.<ref>{{cite web |title=History of UC Berkeley |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |url=http://berkeley.edu/about/hist/index.shtml |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5wKp6ajI8 |archivedate=February 7, 2011 |quote=Founded in the wake of the gold rush by leaders of the newly established 31st state, the University of California's flagship campus at Berkeley has become one of the preeminent universities in the world.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://cio.chance.berkeley.edu/chancellor/sp/flagship.htm|date=October 8, 1998|title=The Future of Flagship Universities|last=Berndahl|first=Robert|authorlink=Robert M. Berdahl|publisher=University of California, Berkeley|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5wJUI60xL|archivedate=February 7, 2011|quote=The issue I want to talk about tonight is the future of "flagship" universities, institutions like the University of Texas at Austin, or Texas A&M at College Station, or the University of California, Berkeley. This is not an easy topic to talk about for a number of reasons, not the least of which is the fact that those of us in "systems" of higher education are frequently actively discouraged from using the term "flagship" to refer to our campuses because it is seen as hurtful to the self-esteem of colleagues at other institutions in our systems.}}</ref> Berkeley co-manages three [[United States Department of Energy National Laboratories]], including the [[Los Alamos National Laboratory]], [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]] and [[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]] for the [[U.S. Department of Energy]].

Berkeley faculty, alumni, and researchers have won 72 [[Nobel Prize]]s (including 28 alumni Nobel laureates), 9 [[Wolf Prize]]s, 7 [[Fields Medal]]s, 15 [[Turing Award]]s, 45 [[MacArthur Fellowship]]s,<ref>{{cite web|last=Maclay |first=Kathleen |url=http://newscenter.berkeley.edu/2010/09/28/macarthur/ |title=Two young faculty members named MacArthur "genius" fellows |publisher=Newscenter.berkeley.edu |date=2010-09-28 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> 20 [[Academy Award]]s, and 11 [[Pulitzer Prize]]s. To date, UC Berkeley and its researchers are associated with 6 [[chemical elements]] of the [[periodic table]] ([[californium]], [[seaborgium]], [[berkelium]], [[einsteinium]], [[fermium]], [[lawrencium]]) and [[Berkeley Lab]] has discovered 16 chemical elements in total – more than any other university in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/new-elements-here.html |title=Chemical Elements Discovered at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory |publisher=Lbl.gov |date=June 7, 1999 |accessdate=February 21, 2011}}</ref> Berkeley is a founding member of the [[Association of American Universities]] and continues to have very high research activity with $652.4 million in research and development expenditures in 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aau.edu/about/article.aspx?id=5476 |title=Member Institutions and Years of Admission |publisher=Association of American Universities |year=2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/nsf11313/pdf/tab31.pdf |title=Table 31: R&D expenditures at universities and colleges, ranked by all R&D expenditures, by source of funds: FY 2009 |year=2009 |publisher=National Science Foundation}}</ref> Berkeley physicist [[J. Robert Oppenheimer]] was the scientific director of the [[Manhattan Project]] that developed the first [[atomic bomb]] in the world, which he personally headquartered at [[Los Alamos, New Mexico]], during [[World War II]]. Faculty member [[Edward Teller]] was (together with [[Stanislaw Ulam]]) the "father of the [[Thermonuclear weapon|hydrogen bomb]]".
Known as the ''[[California Golden Bears]]'' (often shortened to "Cal Bears" or just "Cal"), the athletic teams are members of both the [[Pacific-12 Conference]] and the [[Mountain Pacific Sports Federation]] in the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]].

==History==
[[File:UCBerkeleyCampus.jpg|thumb|View from Memorial Glade of Sather Tower (The Campanile), the center of UC Berkeley. The ring of its bells and clock can be heard from all over campus.]]
{{Main|History of the University of California, Berkeley}}

In 1866, the land comprising the current Berkeley campus was purchased by the private College of California. Because it lacked sufficient funds to operate, it eventually merged with the state-run Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College to form the University of California, the first full-curriculum public university in the state.

Ten faculty members and almost 40 students made up the new University of California when it opened in Oakland in 1869.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/about/hist/foundations.shtml |title=History of UC Berkeley, 19th-century: Founding UC's flagship campus |publisher=UC Berkeley |accessdate=December 26, 2012}}</ref> [[Andrew Gabrielson]] was a trustee of the College of California and suggested that the college be named in honor of the [[Anglo-Irish]] philosopher [[George Berkeley]].<ref name="Berkeley">{{cite web| url=http://berkeleypubliclibrary.org/system/Chapter2.html| work=Berkeley, A City in History| author=Wollenberg, Charles| year=2002| title=Chapter 2: Tale of Two Towns| publisher=Berkeley Public Library| accessdate=June 6, 2009}}</ref> In 1870, [[Henry Durant]], the founder of the College of California, became the first president. With the completion of North and [[South Hall (UC Berkeley)|South Halls]] in 1873, the university relocated to its Berkeley location with 167 male and 222 female students and held its first classes.<ref name="Sunsite">{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/uchistory/general_history/campuses/ucb/overview.html |title=University of California History Digital Archives |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref>

Beginning in 1891, [[Phoebe Apperson Hearst]] made several large gifts to Berkeley, funding a number of programs and new buildings, and sponsoring, in 1898, an international competition in Antwerp, Belgium, where French architect Émile Bernard submitted the winning design for a campus master plan. In 1905, the University Farm was established near [[Sacramento]], ultimately becoming the [[University of California, Davis]].<ref name="ucb_about">{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/about/history/ |publisher=UC Berkeley |title=About UC Berkeley – History |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> By the 1920s, the number of campus buildings had grown substantially, and included twenty structures designed by architect [[John Galen Howard]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/multimedia/2003/03/jgh/index.shtml |title=John Galen Howard and the design of the ''City of Learning,'' the UC Berkeley campus |publisher=UC Berkeley |accessdate=December 24, 2010}}</ref>

[[Robert Gordon Sproul]] served as president from 1930 to 1958.<ref name="Presidents">{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/uchistory/general_history/overview/presidents/index2.html |title=UC Presidents |publisher=University of California History Digital Archives |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> By 1942, the American Council on Education ranked UC Berkeley second only to [[Harvard University]] in the number of distinguished departments.<ref name="Presidents"/>
[[File:Berkeley, California. University of California Lawn Forum. Wheeler Auditorium steps where more informal and less... - NARA - 532100.tif|thumb|200px|The University of California in 1940]]

During World War II, following [[Glenn T. Seaborg|Glenn Seaborg]]'s then-secret discovery of plutonium, [[Ernest Lawrence|Ernest Orlando Lawrence]]'s Radiation Laboratory began to contract with the U.S. Army to develop the atomic bomb. UC Berkeley physics professor [[Robert Oppenheimer|J. Robert Oppenheimer]] was named scientific head of the Manhattan Project in 1942.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atomicarchive.com/History/mp/chronology.shtml |title=Manhattan Project Chronology |publisher=atomicarchive.com |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atomicheritage.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=292&Itemid=205 |title=Atomic History – Early Government Support |publisher=Atomic Heritage Foundation |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> Along with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (formerly the Radiation Lab), Berkeley is now a partner in managing two other labs, Los Alamos National Laboratory (1943) and [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]] (1952).

Originally, military training was compulsory for male undergraduates, and Berkeley housed an armory for that purpose. In 1917, Berkeley's ROTC program was established, and its School of Military Aeronautics trained future pilots, including [[Jimmy Doolittle]], who graduated with a B.A. in 1922. Both [[Robert McNamara]] and [[Frederick C. Weyand]] graduated from UC Berkeley's ROTC program, earning B.A. degrees in 1937 and 1938, respectively. In 1926, future [[Fleet Admiral (United States)|fleet admiral]] [[Chester W. Nimitz]] established the first [[Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps]] unit at Berkeley. During World War II, the military increased its presence on campus to recruit more officers, and by 1944, more than 1,000 Berkeley students were enrolled in the [[V-12 Navy College Training Program]] and naval training school for diesel engineering.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/ref/USN-Act/CA.html|title=U.S. Naval Activities World War II by State|publisher=Patrick Clancey|accessdate=2012-03-19}}</ref> The Board of Regents ended compulsory military training at Berkeley in 1962.

During the [[McCarthyism|McCarthy era]] in 1949, the [[Regents of the University of California|Board of Regents]] adopted an anti-[[communist]] [[loyalty oath]]. A number of faculty members objected and were dismissed;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/uchistory/archives_exhibits/loyaltyoath/timelinesummary.html |title=The Loyalty Oath Controversy, University of California, 1949–1951 |publisher=University of California Archives |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> ten years passed before they were reinstated with back pay.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dailycal.org/article.php?id=535 |date=January 8, 1999 |title=Former UC Presidents Recollect Loyalty Oath |last=Benjaminson |first=Anne |publisher=Daily Californian}}</ref>

In 1952, the University of California became an entity separate from the Berkeley campus. Each campus was given relative autonomy and its own Chancellor. Then-president Sproul assumed presidency of the entire University of California system, and [[Clark Kerr]] became the first Chancellor of UC Berkeley.<ref name="Presidents" />

[[File:CampanileMtTamalpiasSunset-original.jpg|thumb|Sather Tower (the Campanile) looking out over the San Francisco Bay and [[Mount Tamalpais]].]]Berkeley gained a reputation for student activism in the 1960s with the [[Free Speech Movement]] in 1964,<ref name="Berkeley 60s">{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/CalHistory/60s.html |title= Days of Cal – Berkeley in the 60s |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> and [[opposition to the Vietnam War]]. In the highly publicized [[People's Park, Berkeley|People's Park]] protest in 1969, students and the school conflicted over use of a plot of land; the [[United States National Guard|National Guard]] was called in and violence erupted.<ref name="Berkeley 60s"/><ref>{{cite news|first=Jeffery |last=Kahn |title=Ronald Reagan launched political career using the Berkeley campus as a target |publisher=UC Berkeley News |date=June 8, 2004 |url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2004/06/08_reagan.shtml}}</ref> Modern students at Berkeley are less politically active, with a greater percentage of moderates and conservatives.<ref>{{Cite news | last=Doty | first=Meriah | title=Examining Berkeley's liberal legacy | url=http://www.cnn.com/2004/ALLPOLITICS/01/09/elec04.berkeley/ | date=February 5, 2004 | newspaper=CNN | accessdate=February 20, 2008 | postscript=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2005/01/24_freshmen.shtml|first= Bonnie Azab|last=Powell|date=January 24, 2005|accessdate=February 29, 2008|publisher=UC Berkeley News|title=Web Feature}}</ref> Democrats outnumber Republicans on the faculty by a ratio of 9:1.<ref>{{Cite news | last=Tierney | first=John | title=Republicans Outnumbered in Academia, Studies Find | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/18/education/18faculty.html | date=November 18, 2004 | newspaper=[[New York Times]] | accessdate=January 16, 2008 | postscript=}}</ref>

Various human and animal rights groups have recently conflicted with Berkeley. [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]]s conflicted with the school over repatriation of remains from the Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology.<ref>{{cite news | last=Paddock | first=Richard | title=UC Berkeley's bones of contention | url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-adme-bones13jan13,0,2942194.story?coll=la-home-local | newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] | date=January 12, 2008 | accessdate=January 13, 2008}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> [[Animal-rights]] activists have threatened faculty members using animals for research.<ref>{{cite news | last=Krupnik | first=Matt | title=Animal rights activists protest at Cal | url=http://www.insidebayarea.com/argus/localnews/ci_7941998 | newspaper=The Daily Argus | date=January 11, 2008 | accessdate=January 13, 2008}}</ref> The school's response to [[tree sitting|tree sitters]] protesting construction caused controversy in the local community.<ref>{{cite news | last=McKinley | first=Jesse | title=University Fences In a Berkeley Protest, and a New One Arises | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/13/education/13trees.html | newspaper=[[New York Times]] | date=September 7, 2007 | accessdate=January 11, 2008}}</ref>

As state funding has declined,<ref>{{cite news |title=A money gap and a brain drain; UC Berkeley, long on reputation but short on funding, is losing talent |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=October 28, 2006 |accessdate=April 12, 2008 |last= La Ganga |first=Maria L.}}</ref> Berkeley has turned to private sources: [[BP]] donated $500 million to develop [[biofuel]]s, the Hewlett Foundation gave $113 million to endow 100 [[Chair (academic)#Named chair|faculty chair]]s, and [[Dow Chemical]] gave $10 million to research [[sustainability]].<ref name="Paddock">{{cite news | last=Paddock | first= Richard C. | title=Less to bank on at state universities| url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-compact7oct07,0,5052218,full.story?coll=la-home-center | publisher= [[The Los Angeles Times]] | date=October 6, 2007 | accessdate = October 6, 2007}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | last=Schevitz | first= Tanya | title=Cal given $10 million by Dow Chemical to work on sustainability| url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/10/31/BA67T2UHH.DTL&tsp=1 | publisher= The San Francisco Chronicle | date=October 31, 2007 | accessdate = October 31, 2007}}</ref> The BP grant has been criticized for [[Food vs fuel|diverting food production]] to fuel production.<ref name="Burress">{{cite news | last= Burress | first= Charles | title=UC Berkeley, BP finally sign contract for research project | date =November 15, 2007 | url= http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/11/15/BAABTCDKK.DTL | accessdate = November 14, 2007 | work=The San Francisco Chronicle}}</ref><ref name="AcademicSenate">{{cite web | first= the laughing cow| title= Partial recording of UC Berkeley academic senate deliberation on proposed BP deal| url= http://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2007/04/24/18404495.php | date=April 24, 2007| accessdate= January 24, 2008}}</ref>

The original name ''University of California'' was frequently shortened to ''California'' or ''Cal''. UC Berkeley's athletic teams date to this time and so are referred to as the ''California Golden Bears'', ''Cal Bears'', or just ''Cal''. Today, ''University of California'' refers to a statewide school system. Referring to the University of California, Berkeley as ''UCB'' or ''University of California '''at''' Berkeley'' is discouraged<ref>{{cite journal | title = Editorial Style Guide | year = 2009 | page = 20 | publisher = University of California, Berkeley | url = http://identity.berkeley.edu/guidelines/berkeley-editorial-style-09.pdf }}</ref> and the domain name is <tt>berkeley.edu</tt>. Moreover, the term "Cal Berkeley" is not a correct reference to the school, but is occasionally used. Berkeley is unaffiliated with the [[Berklee College of Music]] or [[Berkeley College]]. However, UC Berkeley does share academic ties with [[Yale University]]; not only were many original Berkeley founders Yale graduates (see below), but the names, University of California, Berkeley, and [[Berkeley College (Yale)]], were both inspired by the intellectual contributions of the western philosopher, [[George Berkeley]].

==Academics==
[[File:Berkeley Seal.svg|thumb|upright|right|Secondary seal adopted by the campus in 1996<ref>http://identity.berkeley.edu/guidelines/seal/</ref>]]
Berkeley is a large, primarily residential research university with a majority of enrollments in undergraduate programs but also offers a comprehensive doctoral graduate program.<ref name="Carnegie">{{cite web|title=Carnegie Classifications: University of California-Berkeley|url=http://classifications.carnegiefoundation.org/lookup_listings/view_institution.php?unit_id=110635|publisher=Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching|accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> The university has been [[educational accreditation|accredited]] by the [[Western Association of Schools and Colleges]] Senior College and University Commission since 1949.<ref name="WASC">{{cite web|url=http://directory.wascsenior.org/university-california-berkeley |title=Statement of Accreditation Status: University of California at Berkeley |publisher=Western Association of Schools and Colleges |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> The university operates on a semester academic calendar with Fall semester running from late August through early December and Spring semester running from mid-January through mid-May.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://registrar.berkeley.edu/CalendarDisp.aspx?terms=current |title=UC Berkeley Academic Calendar |publisher=Office of the Registrar, UC Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> Berkeley offers 106 Bachelor's degrees, 88 Master's degrees, 97 research-focused doctoral programs, and 31 professionally-focused graduate degrees.<ref name="Degree totals">{{cite web|url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/academicprograms/degreesOffered/DegProgCountByCollForWeb.pdf |title=Degrees Offered at the University of California, Berkeley |date=July 1, 2011 |publisher=Office of Planning and Analysis, UC-Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> The university awarded a total of 7,526 Bachelor's, 2,164 Master's, and 1,264 Doctoral degrees in 2012.<ref name="Undergrad profile">{{cite web|url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/UndergraduateProfile.pdf |title=Undergraduate Profile |publisher=UC-Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref>

===Undergraduate programs===
The four-year, full-time undergraduate program has a focus on the arts and sciences with a high level of co-existence in undergraduate and graduate programs. Freshman admission is selective but there are high levels of transfer-in.<ref name="Carnegie"/> 106 Bachelor's degrees are offered across the Haas School of Business (1), College of Chemistry (5), College of Engineering (20), College of Environmental Design (3), College of Letters and Science (67), College of Natural Resources (10), and other individual majors (2).<ref name="Degree totals"/> The most popular majors are Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Political Science, Molecular and Cell Biology, Environmental Science, and Economics.<ref name="Facts">{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/about/fact.shtml |title=Berkeley Facts |publisher=UC-Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref>

Requirements for undergraduate degrees come from four sources: the University of California system, the Berkeley campus, the college or school, and the department. These requirements include an entry-level writing requirement before enrollment (typically fulfilled by minimum scores on standardized admissions exams such as the SAT or ACT, completing coursework on "American History and Institutions" before or after enrollment by taking an introductory class, passing an "American Cultures Breadth" class at Berkeley, as well as requirements for reading and composition and specific requirements declared by the department and school.<ref name="Undergrad requirements">{{cite web|url=http://catalog.berkeley.edu/undergrad/requirements.html |title=General Catalog - Undergraduate Degree Requirements |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> Three-hour final examinations are required in most undergraduate classes and take place over a week following the last day of instruction in mid-December for the Fall semester and in mid-May for the Spring semester.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://catalog.berkeley.edu/policies/exams.html |title=Midterm and Final Examinations |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> [[Academic grading in the United States|Academic grades]] are reported on a five-letter scale (A,B,C,D,F) with grade points being modified by three-tenths of point for pluses and minuses.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://catalog.berkeley.edu/policies/grades.html |title=Grades |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> Requirements for [[Latin honors|academic honors]] are specified by individual schools and colleges, scholarly prizes are typically awarded by departments, and students are elected to honor societies based on these organizations' criteria.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://catalog.berkeley.edu/undergrad/honors.html |title=Academic Honors, Prizes, and Scholarships |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref>

===Graduate and professional programs===
Berkeley has a "comprehensive" graduate program with high coexistence with the programs offered to undergraduates, but no medical school.<ref name="Carnegie"/> The university offers graduate degrees in Master's of Art, Master's of Science, Master's of Fine Art, and [[Ph.D.]]s in addition to professional degrees such as the [[Juris Doctor]] and [[Master of Business Administration]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://catalog.berkeley.edu/grad/degrees.html |title=Graduate Degrees and Certificates |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> The university awarded 887 doctoral degrees and 2,506 Master's degrees in 2012.<ref name="Graduate profile"/> Admission to graduate programs is decentralized; applicants apply directly to the department or degree program. Most graduate students are supported by fellowships, teach assistantships, or research assistantships.<ref name="Graduate profile"/>
The 2010 [[United States National Research Council Rankings]] identified UC Berkeley as having the highest number of top-ranked doctoral programs in the nation.<ref>{{cite web|title=2010 Rankings: Doctoral Programs in America|url=http://chronicle.com/page/NRC-Rankings/321/|publisher=''The Chronicle of Higher Education''|accessdate=April 21, 2012}}</ref> UC Berkeley doctoral programs that received a #1 ranking include Agricultural and Resource Economics, Astrophysics, Chemistry, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Computer Science, English, Epidemiology, German, Mathematics, Mechanical Engineering, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Genetics, Genomics, and Development, Physics, Plant Biology, and Political Science. UC Berkeley was also the #1 recipient of [[NSF-GRF|National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowships]] between 2001 and 2010, with 1,333 awards.<ref name="Graduate profile">{{cite web|title=Berkeley Graduate Profile|url=http://grad.berkeley.edu/news/berkeley_graduate_profile.shtml#nrc|publisher=UC Berkeley|accessdate=April 21, 2012}}</ref>

===Faculty and research===
{{Main|List of UC Berkeley faculty|Research centers and laboratories at UC Berkeley|List of Nobel laureates associated with University of California, Berkeley}}
[[File:UCB-Reserved-For-NL.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Seventy-two [[Nobel Laureates]] have been university faculty, alumni or researchers. Special signs indicate campus parking spaces reserved for the Laureates.]]
Berkeley is a research university with a "very high" level of research activity.<ref name="Carnegie"/> There are 1,582 full-time and 500 part-time faculty members dispersed among more than 130 academic departments and more than 80 interdisciplinary research units.{{citation needed|date=February 2013}} Berkeley's current faculty includes 227 [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] Fellows, 3 Fields Medal winners, 83 [[Fulbright Scholars]], 139 [[Guggenheim Fellows]], 87 members of the [[National Academy of Engineering]], 132 members of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]], 8 Nobel Prize winners, 3 Pulitzer Prize winners, 84 [[Sloan Fellows]], 7 Wolf Prize winners and 1 [[Pritzker Prize]] winner.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/about/honors/ |title=About UC Berkeley: Honors and Awards |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date=|accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> 72 Nobel Laureates have been affiliated with the university as faculty, alumni or researchers, the most of any public university in the United States and sixth most of any university in the world.

===Rankings and reputation===
{{Infobox US university ranking
| THES_W = 8
| ARWU_W = 3
| CWUR_W = 10
| QS_W = 25
| HRLR_W = 6
| Forbes = 22
| USNWR_NU = 20
| ARWU_N = 3
| Wamo_NU = 5
}}
Berkeley was listed as a "[[Public Ivy]]" in Richard Mull's 1985 ''Public Ivies''.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=lV8QJDzrcSoC&q=Illinois#v=snippet&q=Illinois&f=false Greenes' Guide to Educational Planning:The Public Ivies - Howard Greene, Matthew W. Greene - Google Boeken]. Books.google.com. Retrieved on 2013-08-07.</ref> In the [[World Reputation Rankings|2013 Times Higher Education World Reputation Rankings]] Berkeley was ranked the world's 5th most prestigious university and one of six globally recognized "super brands."<ref name="Top Universities by Reputation">{{cite web |url= http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/2013/reputation-ranking |title=Top Universities by Reputation|year=2013 |publisher=''Times Higher Education''|accessdate=March 4, 2013}}</ref> Among world universities, Berkeley had the 2nd highest number of academic programs rated in the Top Ten in their field by QS.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2013 |title=QS World University Rankings - 2013|accessdate = 09/10/2013}}</ref> In 2009 the Center for Measuring University Performance placed Berkeley 9th among national research universities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mup.asu.edu/research2009.pdf |format=PDF|title=The Top American Research Universities: 2009 Annual Report |page=8 |year=2009 |accessdate=August 17, 2010}}</ref> In 2013 ''[[Kiplinger]]'' ranked Berkeley 8th out of the top 100 best-value public colleges and universities in the nation, and 2nd in California.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.kiplinger.com/tool/college/T014-S001-kiplinger-s-best-values-in-public-colleges/index.php |work=[[Kiplinger's Personal Finance|Kiplinger]] |title=Kiplinger's Best Values in Public Colleges |date=2013-01-15}}</ref> ''[[The Princeton Review]]'' ranks Berkeley as a "college with a conscience"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.princetonreview.com/college/research/conscience/|title=Colleges with a Conscience|year=2008|accessdate=April 25, 2008|publisher=''The Princeton Review''}}</ref> and the 5th best value in public colleges.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.princetonreview.com/college/research/bestvalue/bestValue.asp?|title=America's Best Value Colleges|year=2008|accessdate=April 25, 2008|publisher=''The Princeton Review''}}</ref> Berkeley was ranked as the number 1 public university in the world by US News and World Report in 2013, marking its 16th consecutive year as the top public university.

==Campus==
{{Main|Campus of the University of California, Berkeley}}
The Berkeley campus encompasses approximately {{convert|1232|acre|ha}}, though the "central campus" occupies only the low-lying western {{convert|178|acre|ha}} of this area. Of the remaining {{convert|1000|acre|ha}}, approximately {{convert|200|acre|ha}} are occupied by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; other facilities above the main campus include the [[Lawrence Hall of Science]] and several research units, notably the [[Space Sciences Laboratory]], the [[Mathematical Sciences Research Institute]], an undeveloped {{convert|800|acre|ha|adj=on}} ecological preserve, the [[University of California Botanical Garden]] and a recreation center in Strawberry Canyon. Portions of the mostly undeveloped eastern area of the campus is actually within the [[Oakland, California|City of Oakland]]; the northernmost eastern corner of Oakland extends from the [[Claremont Resort]] north through the [[Panoramic Hill, Oakland/Berkeley, California|Panoramic Hill]] neighborhood to [[Tilden Regional Park|Tilden Park]].

To the west of the central campus is the [[Downtown Berkeley, California|downtown business district of Berkeley]]; to the northwest is the neighborhood of North Berkeley, including the so-called [[Gourmet ghetto|Gourmet Ghetto]], a commercial district known for high quality dining due to the presence of such world-renowned restaurants as [[Chez Panisse]]. Immediately to the north is a quiet residential neighborhood known as [[Northside, Berkeley, California|Northside]] with a large graduate student population;<ref name=berk-post-doc>{{cite web|title=Moving to Berkeley|url=http://postdoc.berkeley.edu/node/28|publisher=Berkeley Postdoctoral Association|accessdate=29 February 2012}}</ref> situated north of that are the upscale residential neighborhoods of the [[Berkeley Hills]]. Immediately southeast of campus lies fraternity row, and beyond that the [[Clark Kerr Campus]] and an upscale residential area named [[Claremont, Oakland/Berkeley, California|Claremont]]. The [[Southside, Berkeley, California|area south of the university]] includes student housing and [[Telegraph Avenue]], one of Berkeley's main shopping districts with stores, street vendors and restaurants catering to college students and tourists. In addition, the University also owns land to the northwest of the main campus, a {{convert|90|acre|ha|sing=on}} married student housing complex in the nearby town of Albany ("Albany Village" and the "Gill Tract"), and a field research station several miles to the north in [[Richmond, California]].

Outside of the Bay Area, the University owns various research laboratories and research forests in both northern and southern Sierra Nevada.

===Architecture===
[[File:South Hall--UC Berkeley--Panoramic.jpg|thumb|right|[[South Hall (UC Berkeley)|South Hall]] (1873), one of the two original buildings of the University of California, still stands on the Berkeley campus]]

What is considered the historic campus today was the result of the 1898 "International Competition for the [[Phoebe Hearst]] Architectural Plan for the University of California," funded by [[William Randolph Hearst]]'s mother and initially held in the Belgian city of [[Antwerp]]; eleven finalists were judged again in San Francisco in 1899.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/uchistory/archives_exhibits/online_exhibits/romapacifica/index.html |title=Online Exhibit on the Hearst Architectural Competition |publisher=Sunsite.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> The winner was Frenchman [[Émile Bénard]], however he refused to personally supervise the implementation of his plan and the task was subsequently given to architecture professor [[John Galen Howard]]. Howard designed over twenty buildings, which set the tone for the campus up until its expansion in the 1950s and 1960s. The structures forming the “classical core” of the campus were built in the [[Beaux-Arts architecture|Beaux-Arts]] Classical style, and include [[Hearst Greek Theatre]], [[Hearst Memorial Mining Building]], [[Doe Memorial Library]], California Hall, [[Wheeler Hall]], (Old) Le Conte Hall, Gilman Hall, Haviland Hall, Wellman Hall, [[Sather Gate]], and the {{convert|307|ft|m|0|sing=on}} [[Sather Tower]] (nicknamed "the Campanile" after its architectural inspiration, [[St Mark's Campanile]] in Venice). Buildings he regarded as temporary, nonacademic, or not particularly "serious" were designed in shingle or [[Collegiate Gothic in North America|Collegiate Gothic]] styles; examples of these are North Gate Hall, Dwinelle Annex, and Stephens Hall. Many of Howard's designs are recognized [[California Historical Landmark]]s<ref>{{cite ohp |id=946 |name=University of California, Berkeley Campus |accessdate=2012-03-30}}</ref> and are listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].

Built in 1873 in a [[Victorian architecture|Victorian]] [[Second Empire architecture|Second-Empire-style]], South Hall is the oldest university building in California. It, and the [[Frederick Law Olmsted]]-designed [[Piedmont Avenue (Berkeley)|Piedmont Avenue]] east of the main campus, are the only remnants from the original University of California before John Galen Howard's buildings were constructed. Other architects whose work can be found in the campus and surrounding area are [[Bernard Maybeck]]<ref name=mccoy>{{cite book | first =Esther | authorlink =Esther McCoy | title =Five California Architects | publisher =Reinhold Publishing Corporation |year=1960 | location =New York | page =6 | id =ASIN B000I3Z52W last =McCoy}}</ref> (best known for the [[Palace of Fine Arts]] in San Francisco), Maybeck's student [[Julia Morgan]] (Hearst Women's Gymnasium), [[Charles Willard Moore]] (Haas School of Business) and [[Joseph Esherick (architect)|Joseph Esherick]] (Wurster Hall).

===Natural features===
[[File:Strawberry Creek near Dwinelle Hall.jpg|thumb| The south fork of [[Strawberry Creek]], as seen between Dwinelle Hall and Lower Sproul Plaza.]]
Flowing into the main campus are two branches of [[Strawberry Creek]]. The south fork enters a culvert upstream of the recreational complex at the mouth of Strawberry Canyon and passes beneath [[California Memorial Stadium]] before appearing again in Faculty Glade. It then runs through the center of the campus before disappearing underground at the west end of campus. The north fork appears just east of [[University House, Berkeley|University House]] and runs through the glade north of the Valley Life Sciences Building, the original site of the Campus Arboretum.

Trees in the area date from the founding of the University in the 1870s. The campus, itself, contains numerous wooded areas; including: [[Founders' Rock]], Faculty Glade, Grinnell Natural Area, and the [[Eucalyptus]] Grove, which is both the tallest stand of such trees in the world and the tallest stand of hardwood trees in North America.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://strawberrycreek.berkeley.edu/tour/08eucalyptus.html |title=UC Berkeley Strawberry Creek |publisher=Strawberrycreek.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

The campus sits on the [[Hayward Fault]], which runs directly through California Memorial Stadium.<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://seismo.berkeley.edu/hayward/ucb_campus.html
|title=Hayward Fault: UC Berkeley
|publisher=seismo.berkeley.edu
|accessdate=April 13, 2008
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref> There is ongoing construction to retrofit the stadium. The "treesit" protest revolved around the controversy of clearing away trees by the stadium to build the new Student Athlete High Performance Center. As the stadium sits directly on the fault, this raised campus concerns of the safety of student athletes in the event of an earthquake as they train in facilities under the stadium stands.<ref>{{cite web|author=|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2007/08/29_stadium.shtml |title=Campus provides updates on Memorial Stadium Project and Student-Athlete High Performance Center |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date=2007-08-29 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

===Environmental record===
Two committees and the Office of Sustainability at UC Berkeley work formally to implement sustainability initiatives on campus. The university encourages green purchasing when possible including installing energy-efficient technologies around campus such as steam trap systems and economizers.<ref name="greenreportcard1">{{cite web |url=http://www.greenreportcard.org/report-card-2011/schools/university-of-california-berkeley |title=The College Sustainability Report Card |publisher=Greenreportcard.org}}</ref>
UC Berkeley has a green building policy. Two buildings on campus are LEED certified, and six others meet LEED standards. Multiple building spaces have been repurposed for alternative use, and almost all waste from construction projects is diverted from landfills. Water conservation technologies have been installed across campus, and the university employs a variety of techniques to manage storm water.<ref name="greenreportcard1"/> UC Berkeley heats, cools, and powers its lab equipment utilizing power from an on-campus natural gas plant.<ref>[http://www.olympuspower.com/project_portfolio/current_projects/berkeley.php ]{{dead link|date=September 2013}}</ref> UC Berkeley's efforts toward [[sustainability]] earned the school a B on the College Sustainability Report Card; overall, the school's grades within the sections were high—it earned A's in the majority of the Report Card.

==Organization and administration==
The University of California is governed by a 26-member [[Board of Regents]], 18 of which are appointed by the [[Governor of California]] to 12-year terms, 7 serving as ''[[ex officio]]'' members, a single student regent and a non-voting student regent-designate.<ref name="Governance">{{cite web|url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/aboutuc/governance.html |title=About UC – Shared Governance |publisher=The University of California |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> The position of Chancellor was created in 1952 to lead individual campuses. The Board appointed [[Nicholas Dirks]] the 10th Chancellor of the university in 2013 after [[Robert J. Birgeneau]], originally appointed in 2004, announced his resignation.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2004/07/27_chancellor.shtml |title=Robert J. Birgeneau appointed UC Berkeley chancellor |publisher=UC Berkeley NewsCenter |date=July 27, 2004 |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> 12 vice chancellors report directly to the Chancellor. The Executive Vice Chancellor and Provost serves as the chief academic officer and is the office to which the deans of the 14 colleges and schools report.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/admin/pdf/senior.pdf |format=PDF|title=Organizational Chart – Senior Administration |publisher=UC Berkeley |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref>

[[File:Haas School of Business courtyard.jpg|thumb|right|[[Haas School of Business]]]]
Berkeley's 130-plus academic departments and programs are organized into 14 colleges and schools in addition to UC Berkeley Extension.<ref name="Facts">{{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/about/fact.shtml |title=Facts at a glance |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=May 24, 2010}}</ref> "Colleges" are both undergraduate and graduate, while "Schools" are generally graduate only, though some offer undergraduate majors, minors, or courses.
<div style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;">
* [[UC Berkeley College of Chemistry|College of Chemistry]]
* [[UC Berkeley College of Engineering|College of Engineering]]
* [[UC Berkeley College of Environmental Design|College of Environmental Design]]
* [[UC Berkeley College of Letters and Science|College of Letters and Science]]
* [[UC Berkeley College of Natural Resources|College of Natural Resources]]
* [[UC Berkeley Graduate School of Education|Graduate School of Education]]
* [[UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism|Graduate School of Journalism]]
* [[Haas School of Business]]
* [[Goldman School of Public Policy]]
* [[University of California, Berkeley School of Information|School of Information]]
* [[University of California, Berkeley School of Law|School of Law]] (Boalt Hall)
* [[UC Berkeley School of Optometry|School of Optometry]]
* [[UC Berkeley School of Public Health|School of Public Health]]
* [[UC Berkeley School of Social Welfare|School of Social Welfare]]
* UC Berkeley Extension
</div>

UC Berkeley does not have a [[medical school]]; however, the university offers the [[UC Berkeley – UCSF Joint Medical Program]] with the [[University of California, San Francisco]], a standalone medical school that is located nearby.

The 2006–2007 budget totaled $1.7 billion; 33% came from the State of California. In 2006–2007, 7,850 donors contributed $267.9 million and the endowment was valued at $2.89 billion.<ref name="Facts"/>

UC Berkeley employs 24,700 people directly and employees are permitted to unionize and are represented by [[AFSCME]], [[California Nurses Association]] (CNA), CUE-Teamsters Local 2010 (formerly the Coalition of University Employees (CUE)), [[UAW]], UC-AFT, and UPTE.<ref name="Facts"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://hrweb.berkeley.edu/hrlabor.htm |title=Human Resources – Unions, bargaining agreements, and labor relations |publisher=UC Berkeley |accessdate=November 30, 2008 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20080804055815/http://hrweb.berkeley.edu/hrlabor.htm |archivedate=August 4, 2008}}</ref>

===University finances===
{{see also|University of California finances}}
UC Berkeley receives funding from a variety of sources, including federal and state authorities, and private donors. With the exception of government contracts, public money is proportioned to UC Berkeley and the other 9 universities of the University of California system through the [[UC Office of the President]].

Due in part to the [[2008–11 California budget crisis]], the state of California has reduced its educational appropriations to the University of California.<ref>"http://newscenter.berkeley.edu/2011/12/13/californiastate-shortfall-triggers-100-million-cut-for-uc-2/"</ref> State educational appropriations such as general support given in the state's annual budget, and appropriations given to the state through the federal [[American Reinvestment and Recovery Act]] (ARRA) dropped $37M in 2010-11 from the previous calendar year. The university projects that state general support will drop from 15% to 11% of the university's total revenues in 2011-12. State budget shortfalls as well as rising costs in pensions have been cited by the university as two of the leading reasons for its current financial woes. During the formulation of the 2011-12 UC Berkeley budget, the university projected that it will have a $200M funding gap in the 5 years after that year's budget. In response to revenue shortfalls, the [[UC Regents]] have raised tuition, and the university is trying to increase the number of non-resident undergraduates, who will pay the more costly out-of-state tuition. Nearly 1/3rd of revenues from tuition and other student fees are returned to students as scholarships and fellowships.<ref>"http://controller.berkeley.edu/FINRPTS/2010-11/Master.pdf"</ref>

Cal has controversially borrowed $445 million to fund the $321 million renovation of seismically unsafe [[California Memorial Stadium|Memorial Stadium]] and construction of a new $153 million student athletic center,<ref name="Debt"/> both of which opened in 2012. (See Athletics section for additional details).

====Financial aid and scholarship programs====
{{Main|UC Berkeley financial aid}}
{{See also|Student financial aid in the United States}}

Students and prospective students of UC Berkeley are eligible for a variety of public and private financial aid. Most financial aid inquiries are processed through the [http://students.berkeley.edu/finaid/index.htm UC Berkeley Financial Aid and Scholarships Office]. Some graduate schools, such as the Haas School of Business<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/MBA/finaid/ |title=Full-Time MBA Financial Aid – Haas School of Business, University of California, Berkeley |publisher=Haas.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> and [[UC Berkeley School of Law]][http://www.law.berkeley.edu/58.htm] have their own financial aid offices.

===Student body===
{| style="text-align:center; float:right; font-size:85%; margin-left:2em; margin:10px" class="wikitable"
|+ ''Demographics of student body''<ref name="Calstats">{{cite web | title= Cal Stats Brochure | url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/undergraduateProfile.html | publisher= UCB Office of Planning and Analysis | accessdate=July 10, 2012|format=PDF}}</ref><ref>See [[Demographics of California]] and [[Demographics of the United States]] for references.</ref>
! !! Undergraduate !! Graduate !! California !! U.S. Census
|-
! [[African American]]
| 3.4% || 3.4% || 6.2% || 12.0%
|-
! [[Asian American]]
| 39.2% || 17.8% || 13% || 4.7%
|-
! [[White American]]
| 29.0% || 38.0% || 40.1% || 63.7%
|-
! [[Hispanics in the United States|Hispanic American]]
| 12.6% || 7.1% || 37.6% || 16.3%
|-
! [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]]
| 0.8% || 1.1% || 1% || 0.7%
|-
! [[International student]]
| 10.4% || 20.3% || N/A || N/A
|-
! Other/Unknown
| 4.7% || 11.9% || 2.1% || 2.4%
|}
Berkeley enrolled 25,574 undergraduate and 10,125 graduate students in Fall 2012.<ref name="Total Enrollment by Level, Gender, and Ethnicity"/> Women make up 52.3% of undergraduate enrollments and 45.5% graduate and professional students.<ref name="Total Enrollment by Level, Gender, and Ethnicity"/> 82% of undergraduates and 43% of graduate and professional students are California residents.<ref name="Calstats"/> In the wake of [[Proposition 209]], the plurality of Asian American students and under-representation of African-American and Hispanic students has received national attention.<ref>{{Cite news | last=Timothy | first=Egan | title=Little Asia on the Hill | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/07/education/edlife/07asian.html | date=January 7, 2007 | newspaper=[[New York Times]] | accessdate=January 16, 2008 | postscript=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=U.S. Probing Possible Asian Bias at UCLA, UC Berkeley |publisher=Los Angeles Times |date=November 18, 1988 |last=Woo |first=Elaine |page=3}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/affirm/stories/aa031196.htm |title=Struggling to Maintain Diversity |last=Sanchez |first=Rene |date=March 11, 1996 |publisher=The Washington Post |page=A01 |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.newsweek.com/id/86134 |title=Berkeley's New Colors |publisher=Newsweek |date=September 18, 2000 |accessdate=November 30, 2008 |first=Kevin |last=Peraino}}</ref>
{| style="float:right; margin:10px" "text-align:center; font-size:85%; margin:auto;" class="wikitable"
|+ ''First-Time Freshman Profile''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/cds/index.html |title=Common Data Set |publisher=Opa.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2013-06-28}}</ref><ref>http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2013/fall_2013_admissions_table1.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2013/fall_2013_applications_table1.pdf</ref>
|-
!   !! 2013 (preliminary) !!2012 !! 2011 !! 2010 !! 2009 !! 2008
|-
! Applicants
| <center>67,658</center>|| 61,731 || 52,966 || 50,393 || 48,650 || 48,461
|-
! Admits
|<center>14,101</center>|| 11,130 || 11,441 || 10,844 || 10,528 || 10,474
|-
! % Admitted
| <center>20.8</center> || <center>18.0</center> ||<center>21.6</center> || <center>21.5</center> || <center>21.6</center> || <center>21.6</center>
|-
! Enrolled
| || <center>4,162</center>|| <center>4,443</center>|| <center>4,109</center> || <center>4,356</center>|| <center>4,261</center>
|-
! Average GPA
| || <center>3.84</center> ||<center>3.83</center> || <center>3.84</center> || <center>3.80</center> || <center>3.90</center>
|}

Berkeley received 77,485 freshmen and transfer applications for admission to the undergraduate program in Fall 2012; 14,527 were admitted (18.7%).<ref name=CommonDataSet>{{cite web |url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/cds/2012-2013.pdf |title=University of California, Berkeley Common Data Set 2012-2013, Parts C & D |publisher=University of California, Berkeley}}</ref> Of the Fall 2011 cohort, 97% of freshmen enrolled the next year. The four-year graduation rate for the Fall 2007 cohort was 61%, and the six-year rate was 88%.<ref name="Calstats"/><ref name="CN">{{cite web|url=http://nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/?q=Berkeley&s=all&id=110635 |title=College Navigator – University of California-Berkeley |publisher=National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> Admitted freshman applicants had an average high school GPA of 4.16, an average ACT Composite score of 30, and an average combined SAT score of 2067 (average SAT scores of 674 for Critical Reading, 701 for Mathematics, and 692 for Writing).<ref>{{cite web |title=UC Berkeley Freshman Admission Profile |url=http://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/campuses/berkeley/freshman-profile/index.html |accessdate=2012-11-15 |work=University of California}}</ref> Berkeley's enrollment of [[National Merit Scholarship Program|National Merit Scholars]] was third in the nation until 2002, when participation in the National Merit program was discontinued.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/article/7323 |date=July 13, 2005 |publisher=University of California Newsroom |title=Six UC campuses to redirect national merit funding to other merit-based scholarships}}</ref> 31% of admitted students receive federal [[Pell grant]]s.<ref>{{Cite news | title=Economic Diversity Among All National Universities | url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/usnews/edu/college/rankings/brief/natudoc_ecodiv_brief.php | newspaper=[[US News and World Report]]| accessdate= August 10, 2007 | postscript=}}</ref>

There were 18,231 applications to masters programs with 20% admitted and 14,361 applications to doctoral program with 16% admitted.<ref name="Calstats"/>

[[File:UCB-University-Library.jpg|thumb|right|The north side of Doe Library with Memorial Glade in the foreground.]]

===Library system===
{{Main| University of California, Berkeley Library System}}
Berkeley's 32 libraries tie together to make the fourth largest academic library in the United States surpassed only by [[Harvard University Library]], [[Yale University Library]] and [[University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign]] Library.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arl.org/bm~doc/arlstat08.pdf |title=Search Publications | Association of Research Libraries® | ARL® |publisher=Arl.org |date= |accessdate=2013-06-28}}</ref> However, considering the relative sizes and ages of these University libraries, Berkeley's collections have been growing about as fast as those at Harvard and Yale combined: specifically, 1.8 times faster than Harvard, and 1.9 times faster than Yale. In 2003, the [[Association of Research Libraries]] ranked it as the top public and third overall university library in North America based on various statistical measures of quality.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2002/06/20_libry.html |title=06.20.2002 – UC Berkeley library is top-ranked among North American public university research libraries |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date=2002-06-20 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> As of 2006, Berkeley's library system contains over 11 [[million]] volumes and maintains over 70,000 serial titles.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/news_events/whats-new.html |title=What's New in the Library |publisher=Lib.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> The libraries together cover over {{convert|12|acre|ha}} of land and form one of the largest library complexes in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/97legacy/gard.html |title=New addition to UC Berkeley Main Library dedicated to former UC President David Gardner |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date=1997-06-12 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> Doe Library serves as the library system's reference, periodical, and administrative center, while most of the main collections are housed in the subterranean Gardner Main Stacks and Moffitt Undergraduate Library. The [[Bancroft Library]], with holdings of over 400,000 printed volumes, maintains a collection that documents the history of the western part of North America, with an emphasis on California, Mexico and Central America.

==Student life and traditions==
[[File:UCBerkeleyCampanileSatherGate.jpg|thumb|Sather gate and Sather tower (the Campanile) from Sproul Plaza on the UC Berkeley campus]]
The official university mascot is [[Oski|Oski the Bear]], who debuted in 1941. Previously, live bear cubs were used as mascots at Memorial Stadium. It was decided in 1940 that a costumed mascot would be a better alternative to a live bear. Named after the [[The Oski Yell|Oski-wow-wow]] yell, he is cared for by the Oski Committee, whose members have exclusive knowledge of the identity of the costume-wearer.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://calbears.collegesports.com/trads/cal-m-fb-mas.html |title=California Golden Bears – Traditions |publisher=Calbears.collegesports.com |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

The [[University of California Marching Band]], which has served the university since 1891, performs at every home football game and at select road games as well. A smaller subset of the Cal Band, the Straw Hat Band, performs at basketball games, volleyball games, and other campus and community events.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://calband.berkeley.edu/about-us/ |title=University of California Marching Band ~ About Us |publisher=Calband.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2013-06-29}}</ref>

The UC Rally Committee, formed in 1901, is the official guardian of California's Spirit and Traditions. Wearing their traditional blue and gold rugbies, Rally Committee members can be seen at all major sporting and spirit events. Committee members are charged with the maintenance of the five Cal flags, the large California banner overhanging the Memorial Stadium Student Section and [[Haas Pavilion]], the California Victory Cannon, Card Stunts and [[The Big "C"]] among other duties. The Rally Committee is also responsible for safekeeping of the [[Stanford Axe]] when it is in Cal's possession.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ucrc.berkeley.edu/ |title=UC Rally Committee | Home |publisher=Ucrc.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> The Chairman of the Rally Committee holds the title "Custodian of the Axe" while it is in the Committee's care.

Overlooking the main Berkeley campus from the foothills in the east, The Big "C" is an important symbol of California school spirit. The Big "C" has its roots in an early 20th-century campus event called "Rush," which pitted the freshman and sophomore classes against each other in a race up Charter Hill that often developed into a wrestling match. It was eventually decided to discontinue Rush and, in 1905, the freshman and sophomore classes banded together in a show of unity to build the Big "C".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/CalHistory/traditions.html |title=Days of Cal | Bear Traditions |publisher=Sunsite.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> Owing to its prominent position, the Big "C" is often the target of pranks by rival [[Stanford University]] students who paint the Big "C" red and also fraternities and sororities who paint it their organization's colors. One of the Rally Committee's functions is to repaint the Big "C" to its traditional color of King Alfred Yellow.

Cal students invented the college football tradition of [[card stunts]]. Then known as Bleacher Stunts, they were first performed during the 1910 [[Big Game (football)|Big Game]] and consisted of two stunts: a picture of the Stanford Axe and a large blue "C" on a white background. The tradition continues today in the Cal [[student section]] and incorporates complicated motions, for example tracing the Cal script logo on a blue background with an imaginary yellow pen.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://calbears.collegesports.com/trads/cal-m-fb-tour.html |title=California Golden Bears – Traditions |publisher=Calbears.collegesports.com |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

The California Victory Cannon, placed on [[Tightwad Hill]] overlooking the stadium, is fired before every football home game, after every score, and after every Cal victory. First used in the 1963 Big Game, it was originally placed on the sidelines before moving to Tightwad Hill in 1971. The only time the cannon ran out of ammunition was during a game against [[University of the Pacific (United States)|Pacific]] in 1991, when Cal scored 12 touchdowns.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://calbears.collegesports.com/trads/victory-cannon.html |title=California Golden Bears – Traditions |publisher=Calbears.collegesports.com |date=1991-09-07 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

Other traditions have included events that span only a few years. William (or Willie) the Polka Dot Man was a performance artist who frequented Sproul Plaza during the late 1970s and early 1980s.<ref name="autogenerated3">{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/berkeleyan/2002/08/15_foley.html |title=The quintessential campus cop |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date=2002-08-15 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> The Naked Guy (now deceased<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2006-05-21-naked-guy-dies_x.htm | work=USA Today | title=Former Berkeley student known as 'Naked Guy' dies in jail | date=May 21, 2006 | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}</ref>) and Larry the Drummer, who performed Batman tunes, appeared in the late 1980s and early 1990s.<ref name="autogenerated3" />

A few current traditions include streaking during finals week in the Main Stacks, the Happy Happy Man, and [[Stoney Burke]].

===Student housing===
Students at UC Berkeley live in a variety of housing that cater to personal and academic preferences and styles. The university offers two years of guaranteed housing for entering freshmen, and one year for entering transfer students. The immediately surrounding community offers apartments, Greek (fraternity and sorority) housing and cooperative housing, twenty of which are houses that are members of the [[Berkeley Student Cooperative]].

====University housing====
{{Main|Housing at the University of California, Berkeley}}

[[File:Cunningham-Towle.jpg|thumb|Cunningham Hall and the newly built Towle Hall, part of the Unit 2 residence hall complex]] The university runs twelve different residence halls, ranging from undergraduate residence halls (both themed and non-themed) and family student housing, to re-entry student housing and optional international student housing at the [[International House Berkeley|International House]]. Undergraduate residence halls are located off-campus in the city of Berkeley. Units 1, 2 and 3, located on the south side of campus, offer [[high-rise]] accommodations with common areas on every other floor. These three residential high-rises share a common dining hall, called Crossroads. Further away and also on the south side of campus is Clark Kerr, an undergraduate residence hall complex that houses many student athletes and was once a school for the deaf and blind.

[[File:Bowles.jpg|thumb|left|[[Bowles Hall]] at the 2003 Homecoming and Parents Weekend]]In the foothills east of the central campus, there are three additional undergraduate residence hall complexes: Foothill, Stern, and Bowles. Foothill is a co-ed suite-style hall reminiscent of a Swiss chalet. According to the Chancellor, it is considered one of the best residence halls at UC Berkeley. Just south of Foothill, overlooking the Hearst Greek Theatre, is the all-women's traditional-style Stern Hall, which boasts an original mural by [[Diego Rivera]]. Because of their proximity to the [[UC Berkeley College of Engineering|College of Engineering]] and [[UC Berkeley College of Chemistry|College of Chemistry]], these residence halls often house science and engineering majors. They tend to be quieter than the southside complexes, but because of their location next to the theatre, often get free glimpses of concerts. [[Bowles Hall]], the oldest state-owned residence hall in California, is located immediately north of California Memorial Stadium. Dedicated in 1929 and on the National Register of Historic Places, this all-men's residence hall has large quad-occupancy rooms and has the appearance of a castle.

The Channing-Bowditch and Ida Jackson apartments are intended for older students.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.housing.berkeley.edu/livingatcal/channing_bowditch.html |title=Living at Cal 2012-2013, UC Berkeley Housing |publisher=Housing.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.housing.berkeley.edu/livingatcal/jackson_house.html |title=Jackson House |publisher=Housing.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> Family student housing consists of two main groups of housing: [[UC Village|University Village]] and Smyth-Fernwald. University Village is located three miles (5 km) north-west of campus in [[Albany, California]], and Smyth-Fernwald near the Clark Kerr campus.

====Cooperative housing====
Students in Berkeley have a number of cooperative housing options. The largest network of [[student housing cooperative]]s in the area is the Berkeley Student Cooperative (BSC).

{{Main|Berkeley Student Cooperative}}

Students of UC Berkeley, as well as students of other universities and colleges in the area, have the option of living in one of the twenty cooperative houses of the Berkeley Student Cooperative (BSC), formerly the University Students' Cooperative Association (USCA), and member of the national cooperative federation, [[North American Students of Cooperation|NASCO]]. The BSC is a [[nonprofit]] [[housing cooperative]] network consisting of 20 cooperative homes and 1250 member-owners.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bsc.coop/index.php |title=Home |publisher=Usca.org |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>
The USCA (as the BSC was known by at that time) was founded in 1933 by then-director of the [[YWCA]], [[Harry Kingman]]. The birth of the USCA, as well as many other cooperative organizations around the country, coincided with the [[Great Depression]] precisely as a response to scant resources. By living together in large houses and pooling together resources, members found that their monetary resources could go further to pay for their cost of living than living separately.
In the 1960s, the USCA pioneered the first co-ed university housing in Berkeley, called the Ridge Project (later renamed [[Casa Zimbabwe]]). In 1975, the USCA founded its first and only vegetarian-themed house, Lothlorien. In 1997, the USCA opened its African-American theme house, Afro House, and in 1999 its [[LGBT]]-themed house, named after queer Irish author and poet [[Oscar Wilde]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bsc.coop/who-we-are/history |title=BSC history |publisher=Usca.org |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

Notable alumni of the BSC include [[Marion Nestle]], professor at [[New York University]] and author of Food Politics, and [[Beverly Cleary]].

====Fraternities and sororities====
{{Main|List of fraternities and sororities at University of California, Berkeley}}

===Student-run organizations===

====Student government====
The Associated Students of the University of California (ASUC) is the [[student government]] organization that controls funding for student groups and organizes on-campus student events. It is considered one of the most autonomous student governments at any [[public university]] in the U.S. The two main political parties are "Student Action"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.studentaction.org |title=Student Action Webpage |publisher=Studentaction.org |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> and "CalSERVE."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.calserve.org |title=CalSERVE Webpage |publisher=Calserve.org |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> The organization was founded in 1887 and has a budget of $1.6 million.

The ASUC's Student Union Program, Entertainment, and Recreation Board (SUPERB) is a student-run, non-profit branch dedicated to providing entertainment for the campus and community. Founded in 1964, SUPERB's programming includes the Friday Film Series, free Noon Concerts on Lower Sproul Plaza, Comedy Competitions, Poker Tournaments, free Sneak Previews of upcoming movies, and more.

====Communications media====
UC Berkeley's student-run online television station, [[CalTV]], was formed in 2005 and broadcasts online. It is run by students with a variety of backgrounds and majors.

UC Berkeley's independent student-run newspaper is ''[[The Daily Californian]]''. Founded in 1871, ''The Daily Cal'' became independent in 1971 after the campus administration fired three senior editors for encouraging readers to take back [[People's Park (Berkeley)|People's Park]].

Berkeley's FM [[Student radio station]], [[KALX]], broadcasts on 90.7 MHz. It is run largely by volunteers, including both students and community members.

Berkeley also features an assortment of student-run magazines, most notably Caliber Magazine. Founded in 2008, [http://www.calibermag.org Caliber Magazine] promotes itself as "the everything magazine" by featuring articles and blogs on a wide range of topics. It has been voted "Best Magazine on Campus" by the readers of the Daily Cal<ref>{{cite web|title=Best of Berkeley: Best of Campus|url=http://www.dailycal.org/2012/04/19/best-of-berkeley-best-of-campus/|publisher=The Daily Californian|accessdate=12/6/2012}}</ref> as well as "Best Publication on Campus" by the ASUC. The magazine comes either in hard copy available at Cal Dining locations or in a digital copy that can be found at their website, [http://www.calibermag.org calibermag.org].

====Student groups====
[[File:Cal band.JPG|thumb|Cal Straw Hat Band (a smaller subset of the Cal Band) playing at [[SeaWorld San Diego|SeaWorld]] in [[San Diego, California]]]]
UC Berkeley has over 1700 established student groups.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}

UC Berkeley has a reputation for [[student activism]], stemming from the 1960s and the Free Speech Movement. Today, Berkeley is known as a lively campus with activism in many forms, from email petitions, presentations on [[Sproul Plaza]] and volunteering, to the occasional protest. During the 2006–2007 school year, there were 94 political student groups on campus including Berkeley MEChA, Berkeley [[American Civil Liberties Union]], Berkeley Students for Life, Campus Greens, The Sustainability Team (STEAM), the [[Berkeley Student Food Collective]], Students for Sensible Drug Policy, Cal Berkeley Democrats, and the Berkeley College Republicans. Berkeley sends the most students to the [[Peace Corps]] of any university in the nation.<ref>[http://www.ucop.edu/pathways/infoctr/introuc/ucb.html Berkeley]{{dead link|date=June 2012}}</ref>

The Residence Hall Assembly (RHA) is the student-run residence hall organization that oversees all aspects of residence wide event planning, legislation, sponsorships and activities for over 6000 on-campus undergraduate residents. Founded in 1988 by the President's Council, it is now funded and supported by the Residential and Student Service Programs department on campus.

The Berkeley Group<ref>{{cite web|url=http://theberkeleygroup.org/ |title=The Berkeley Group |publisher=The Berkeley Group |date=2007-02-11 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> is a student consulting organization affiliated with UC Berkeley and the Haas School of Business. Students of all majors are recruited and trained to work on pro-bono consulting engagements with real-life nonprofit clients.

ImagiCal has been the college chapter of the [[American Advertising Federation]] at Berkeley since the late 1980s. Every year, the team competes in the [[National Student Advertising Competition]]. Students from various backgrounds come together to work on a marketing case provided by the AAF and a corporate sponsor to college chapters across the nation. Most recently, the UC Berkeley team won in their region in 2005, 2009 and 2012, going on to win 4th and 3rd in the nation in 2005 and 2009, respectively.

Democratic Education at Cal, or DeCal, is a program that promotes the creation of professor-sponsored, student-facilitated classes through the Special Studies 98/198 program. DeCal arose out of the 1960s [[Free Speech movement]] and was officially established in 1981. The program offers around 150 courses on a vast range of subjects that appeal to the Berkeley student community, including classes on the [[Rubik's Cube]], [[James Bond]], [[Batman]], the [[Iranian Revolution|The Iranian Revolution]], [[cooking]], [[Israeli folk dancing]], [[3D animation]], [[nuclear weapons]], and [[meditation]].

[[File:Berkeley DM 2009.JPG|thumb|left|[[Berkeley Dance Marathon|Dance Marathon]], one of the campus's student-led fundraising events.]]

There are many [[a cappella]] groups on campus; three groups include the [[UC Men's Octet]],the [[California Golden Overtones]],and Noteworthy, all members of the UC Choral Ensembles. The [[UC Men's Octet]] is an eight-member a cappella group founded in 1948 featuring a repertoire of barbershop, doo-wop, contemporary pop, modern alternative, and fight songs. They are one of only two multiple time champions of the [[International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella|ICCA]], having won the championship in both 1998 and 2000. The California Golden Overtones, founded in 1984, have a very similar repertoire to the Octet. Noteworthy competed in Season 5 of America's Got Talent. It is a tradition for every Berkeley a cappella group to perform under the campus' iconic Sather Gate each week at different times during the week. In addition to a Capella, Berkeley is host to a myriad of other performing arts groups in comedy, dance, acting and instrumental music. A few examples include Jericho! Improv & Sketch Comedy, The Movement, Taiko drumming, BareStage student musical theater, the Remedy Music Project, and Main Stacks Competitive Hip Hop Dance Team.

Since 1967, students and staff jazz musicians have had an opportunity to perform and study with the [[University of California Jazz Ensembles]]. Under the direction of Dr. David W. Tucker, who was hired by the [[Cal Band]] as a composer, arranger, and associate director, but was later asked to direct the jazz ensembles as it grew in popularity and membership, the group grew rapidly from one big band to multiple big bands, numerous combos, and numerous instrumental classes with multiple instructors. For several decades it hosted the Pacific Coast Collegiate Jazz Festival, part of the American Collegiate Jazz Festival, a competitive forum for student musicians. PCCJF brought jazz luminaries such as [[Hubert Laws]], [[Sonny Rollins]], [[Freddie Hubbard]], and [[Ed Shaughnessy]] to the Berkeley campus as performers, clinicians, and adjudicators. The festival later included high school musicians. The jazz ensembles became an effective recruitment tool. Many high school musicians interested in strong academics as well as jazz found that the campus met both interests. Numerous alumni have had successful careers in jazz performance and education including [[Michael Wolff]] and [[Andy Narell]].

UC Berkeley also hosts a large number of conferences, talks, and musical and theatrical performances. Many of these events, including the Annual UC Berkeley Sociological Research Symposium, are completely planned and organized by undergraduate students. The Berkeley Forum is one such student group that organizes panels, debates, and talks by leading experts from a wide variety of fields.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://forum.berkeley.edu/ |title=The Berkeley Forum |publisher=Forum.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2013-06-28}}</ref>

===Athletics===
{{Main|California Golden Bears}}
UC Berkeley's sports teams compete in intercollegiate athletics as the California Golden Bears. They participate in the NCAA's Division I-A as a member of the Pacific-12 Conference. The official school colors, established in 1873 by a committee of students, are Yale Blue and California Gold.<ref name="Resource Guide: Student history">{{cite web|url=http://resource.berkeley.edu/r_html/104history.html|title=Resource Guide: Student history|publisher=University of California, Berkeley|accessdate=February 26, 2010}}</ref> Yale Blue was chosen because many of the university's founders were Yale University graduates (for example Henry Durant, the first university president), while California Gold was selected to represent the Golden State of California. The California Golden Bears have a long history of excellence in athletics, having won national titles in football, men's basketball, baseball, softball, men's and women's crew, men's gymnastics, men's tennis, men's and women's swimming, men's water polo, men's Judo, men's track, and men's rugby. In addition, Cal athletes have won numerous individual NCAA titles in track, gymnastics, swimming and tennis. On January 31, 2009, the school's [[Hurling]] club made athletic history by defeating Stanford in the first collegiate hurling match ever played on American soil.

California finished in first place<ref>http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/nacda/sports/directorscup/auto_pdf/Jan.pdf</ref> in the 2007–2008 Fall U.S. Sports Academy Directors' Cup standings (Now the [[NACDA Directors' Cup]]), a competition measuring the best overall collegiate athletic programs in the country, with points awarded for national finishes in NCAA sports. Cal finished the 2007-2008 competition in seventh place with 1119 points.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nacda.com/auto_pdf/p_hotos/s_chools/nacda/sports/directorscup/auto_pdf/FinalD1 |title=Director's Cup results07-08 |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=March 2, 2012}}</ref>
Most recently, California finished in third place in the 2010–11 NACDA Directors' Cup with 1219.50 points, finishing behind Stanford and Ohio State. This is California's highest ever finish in the Director's Cup.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thedirectorscup.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/finald1standings10-11-2.pdf |title=Director's Cup results10-11 |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=March 2, 2012}}</ref>

Cal's seismically unsafe [[California Memorial Stadium|Memorial Stadium]] reopened September, 2012 after a $321 million renovation. The university incurred a controversial $445 million of debt for the stadium and a new $153 million student athletic center, which it planned to finance with the sale of special stadium endowment seats. However, in June 2013 news surfaced that the university has had trouble selling the seats.<ref>{{cite web|last=Schwab |first=Frank |url=http://sports.yahoo.com/blogs/ncaaf-dr-saturday/cal-stadium-renovation-leaves-school-huge-debt-pay-173428997.html |title=Cal’s new stadium renovation leaves school with huge debt to pay off | Dr. Saturday - Yahoo! Sports |publisher=Sports.yahoo.com |date=2013-06-17 |accessdate=2013-06-28}}</ref> The roughly $18 million interest-only annual payments on the debt consumes 20 percent of Cal's athletics' budget; principal repayment begins in 2032 and is scheduled to conclude in 2113.<ref name="Debt">{{cite web|last=Asimov |first=Nanette |url=http://www.sfchronicle.com/collegesports/article/Cal-scrambling-to-cover-stadium-bill-4604221.php?t=7903d5abac47b02379 |title=Cal scrambling to cover stadium bill |publisher=''San Francisco Chronicle'' |date=2013-06-17 |accessdate=2013-07-20}}</ref>

====California – Stanford rivalry====
{{Main|Big Game (football)}}

[[File:2002 big game flags.jpg|thumb|right|UC Rally Committee running Cal flags across the Memorial Stadium field at the 2002 Big Game. (Note the Stanford visitors section on the left and the UC Berkeley alumni section on the right.)]]The Golden Bears' traditional arch-rivalry is with the Stanford Cardinal. The most anticipated sporting event between the two universities is the annual football game dubbed the Big Game, and it is celebrated with spirit events on both campuses. Since 1933, the winner of the Big Game has been awarded custody of [[the Stanford Axe]].

One of the most famous moments in Big Game history occurred during the 85th Big Game on November 20, 1982. In what has become known as "the band play" or simply [[The Play]], Cal scored the winning touchdown in the final seconds with a kickoff return that involved a series of laterals and the Stanford marching band rushing onto the field.

====National championships====
Berkeley teams have won national championships in baseball (2), men's basketball (2), men's crew (15), women's crew (3), football (5), men's golf (1), men's gymnastics (4), men's lacrosse (1), men's rugby (26), softball (1), men's swimming & diving (4), women's swimming & diving (3), men's tennis (1), men's track & field (1), and men's water polo (13).

==Notable alumni, faculty, and staff==
{{Further|List of University of California, Berkeley alumni|List of University of California, Berkeley faculty|List of Nobel laureates associated with the University of California, Berkeley}}
<gallery perrow="5">
Image:NixonBhutto1973 140x190.jpg|[[Zulfikar Ali Bhutto]], BA 1950,<ref>{{cite web|title=Zulfikar Ali Bhutto|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica Online|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/64265/Zulfikar-Ali-Bhutto}}</ref> 4th [[President of Pakistan]], 9th [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]]
Image:Earl Warren.jpg|[[Earl Warren]], BA 1912, JD 1914, 14th [[Chief Justice of the United States]] former [[Alameda County]] District Attorney; [[California Attorney General]]; 30th [[Governor of California]].
Image:Steven Chu official DOE portrait crop.jpg|[[Steven Chu]], PhD 1976, [[Nobel Prize|Nobel]] laureate and former [[United States Secretary of Energy]]
Image:Granholm speaking to troops, Lansing, 1 Dec, 2005.jpg|[[Jennifer Granholm]], BA 1984, First female [[Governor of Michigan]]
Image:Robert Reich, Policy Network, April 6 2009, detail.jpg|[[Robert Reich]], Professor of Public Policy, 22nd [[United States Secretary of Labor]]
Image:Christina Romer official portrait small.jpg|[[Christina Romer]], Professor of Economics, 25th [[Council of Economic Advisers|Chairperson of the President's Council of Economic Advisers]]
Image:Steve Wozniak.jpg|[[Steve Wozniak]], BS 1986, co-founder of [[Apple Computer]]
Image:Gordon Moore.jpg|[[Gordon Moore]], BS 1950, co-founder of [[semiconductor]] company [[Intel]]
Image: Eric E Schmidt, 2005 (looking left).jpg|[[Eric Schmidt]], MS 1979, PhD 1982, Executive Chairman of [[Google|Google Inc.]]
Image:JerryBrownByPhilKonstantin.jpg|[[Jerry Brown|Edmund Gerald "Jerry" Brown, Jr]], BA 1961, Governor of California, former [[California Attorney General]]
Image:Gregory Peck in Roman Holiday trailer cropped.jpg|[[Gregory Peck]], BA 1939, [[Academy Award]] winning actor
Image:Natalie Coughlin.png|[[Natalie Coughlin]], BA 2005, multiple gold medal winning Olympic swimmer
Image:Chamran.jpg|[[Mostafa Chamran]], Ph.D. 1963, Iranian scientist, Vice President and Defense Minister of [[Iran]]
Image:Crown Prince Håkon (50).jpg|[[Haakon Magnus, Crown Prince of Norway]], BA 1999<ref>"Her Norwegian heritage drew her to projects with the Norwegian Consulate in San Francisco and the Norwegian American Cultural Society, and she hosted a party for Crown Prince Haakon Magnus when he graduated from UC Berkeley in 1999."{{cite news|title=Sigrun Corrigan, Bay Area arts patron, dies|author=Carolyne Zinko|date=July 3, 2008|publisher=San Francisco Chronicle|url=http://articles.sfgate.com/2008-07-03/bay-area/17174224_1_mrs-corrigan-lsi-logic-ballet-san-jose}}</ref>
Image:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|[[Robert McNamara]], BA 1937, President of [[World Bank]] (1968–1981), [[United States Secretary of Defense]] (1961–1968), President of [[Ford Motor Company]] (1960)
File:Daniel KAHNEMAN.jpg|[[Daniel Kahneman]], PhD 1961, awarded the 2002 [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics]] for his work in [[Prospect theory]]
File:Harold Urey.jpg|[[Harold Urey]], PhD 1923, [[Nobel Prize|Nobel]] laureate and discoverer of [[deuterium]]
</gallery>
Kartar Singh Sarabha was an Indian revolutionary who was hanged till death by British rule
in 1915.
[[File:Douglas Engelbart in 2008.jpg|thumb|The [[computer mouse]] was invented by Turing Award laureate [[Doug Engelbart]], B. Eng. 1952, Ph.D. 1955]]
[[List of University of California, Berkeley alumni#Nobel laureates|26 alumni]] and [[List of University of California, Berkeley faculty#Nobel laureates|27 past and present full-time faculty]] are counted among the [[List of Nobel laureates associated with University of California, Berkeley|72 Nobel laureates associated with the university]]. The [[Turing Award]], the "Nobel Prize of computer science", has been awarded to [[List of University of California, Berkeley alumni#Turing Award laureates|nine alumni]] and [[List of University of California, Berkeley faculty#Turing Award|six past and present full-time faculty]].

[[Alumnus|Alumni]] have been involved in the field of [[politics]] and [[international relations]], one of whom is [[Nicholas A. Veliotes]] (1928-). Veliotes went on to become the Ambassador to the [[Country|countries]] of [[Jordan]] (1978–1981) and [[Egypt]] (1984–1986), among holding many other highly prestigious job titles and positions throughout his lengthy career.

Alumni have written novels and screenplays that have attracted Oscar-caliber talent. [[Irving Stone]] (BA 1923) wrote the novel ''[[Lust for Life (novel)|Lust for Life]]'', which was later made into an Academy Award–winning [[Lust for Life (film)|film of the same name]] starring [[Kirk Douglas]] as [[Vincent van Gogh]]. Stone also wrote ''[[The Agony and the Ecstasy (novel)|The Agony and the Ecstasy]]'', which was later made into a [[The Agony and the Ecstasy (film)|film of the same name]] starring Oscar winner [[Charlton Heston]] as [[Michelangelo]]. [[Mona Simpson (novelist)|Mona Simpson]] (BA 1979) wrote the novel ''[[Anywhere But Here (film)|Anywhere But Here]]'', which was later made into a film of the same name starring Oscar-winning actress [[Susan Sarandon]]. [[Terry McMillan]] (BA 1986) wrote ''[[How Stella Got Her Groove Back]]'', which was later made into a film of the same name starring Oscar-nominated actress [[Angela Bassett]]. [[Randi Mayem Singer]] (BA 1979) wrote the screenplay for ''[[Mrs. Doubtfire]]'', which starred Oscar winning actor [[Robin Williams]] and Oscar winning actress [[Sally Field]]. [[Audrey Wells]] (BA 1981) wrote the screenplay ''[[The Truth About Cats & Dogs]]'', which starred Oscar-nominated actress [[Uma Thurman]]. [[James Schamus]] (BA 1982, MA 1987, PhD 2003) has collaborated on screenplays with Oscar winning director [[Ang Lee]] on the Academy Award winning movies ''[[Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon]]'' and ''[[Brokeback Mountain]]''.

[[File:Robert Laughlin, Stanford University.jpg|thumb|[[Robert Laughlin]], BA 1972, Nobel laureate]]
Alumni have made important contributions to science. Some have concentrated their studies on the very small universe of atoms and molecules. [[Nobel Prize|Nobel laureate]] [[William F. Giauque]] (BS 1920, PhD 1922) investigated [[chemical thermodynamics]], Nobel laureate [[Willard Libby]] (BS 1931, PhD 1933) pioneered [[radiocarbon dating]], Nobel laureate [[Willis Lamb]] (BS 1934, PhD 1938) examined the [[hydrogen]] [[spectrum]], Nobel laureate [[Hamilton O. Smith]] (BA 1952) applied [[restriction enzymes]] to [[molecular genetics]], Nobel laureate [[Robert Laughlin]] (BA math 1972) explored the [[fractional quantum Hall effect]], and Nobel laureate [[Andrew Fire]] (BA math 1978) helped to discover [[RNA interference]]-[[gene silencing]] by double-stranded [[RNA]]. Nobel laureate [[Glenn T. Seaborg]] (PhD 1937) collaborated with [[Albert Ghiorso]] (BS 1913) to discover 12 chemical elements, such as ''[[Americium]]'', ''[[Berkelium]]'', and ''[[Californium]]''. [[Carol Greider]] (PhD 1987), professor of molecular biology and genetics at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, was awarded the 2009 [[Nobel Prize in medicine]] for discovering a key mechanism in the genetic operations of cells, an insight that has inspired new lines of research into cancer, and [[Daniel Kahneman]] was awarded the 2002 [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics]] for his work in Prospect theory.

[[John N. Bahcall]] (BS 1956) worked on the [[Standard Solar Model]] and the [[Hubble Space Telescope]],<ref name="Times2005_09_01">{{cite news|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,60-1758833,00.html|publisher=The Times(United Kingdom)|date=September 1, 2005|title=Obituaries – Professor John Bahcall | location=London | accessdate=May 27, 2010|first=Deirdre|last=Hipwell}}</ref> resulting in a [[National Medal of Science]].<ref name="Times2005_09_01"/> [[Peter Smith (scientist)|Peter Smith]] (BS 1969) was the [[principal investigator]] and project leader for the $420 million [[NASA]] robotic explorer ''[[Phoenix (spacecraft)|Phoenix]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uanews.org/node/19742|title=Peter Smith Named Thomas R. Brown Distinguished Chair in Integrative Science|author=[[University of Arizona]] University Communications|date=March 18, 2008}}</ref> which physically confirmed the presence of water on the planet [[Mars]] for the first time.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/phoenix/news/phoenix-20080731.html|title=NASA Spacecraft Confirms Martian Water, Mission Extended|date=July 31, 2008|publisher=NASA}}</ref> Astronauts [[James van Hoften]] (BS 1966), [[Margaret Rhea Seddon]] (BA 1970), [[Leroy Chiao]] (BS 1983), and [[Rex Walheim]] (BS 1984) have physically reached out to the stars, orbiting the earth in NASA's fleet of [[space shuttle]]s.

Undergraduate alumni have founded or co-founded such companies as [[Apple Computer]],<ref name="AppleByWoz">Apple Computer was co -founded by [[Steve Wozniak]]( BS 1986). {{cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1986-05-14/news/vw-5389_1_steve-wozniak|title=A UC Berkeley Degree Is Now the Apple of Steve Wozniak's Eye|date= May 14, 1986|publisher=[[Los Angeles Times]]|author=Harriet Stix}}</ref> [[Intel]],<ref name="IntelByMoore">Intel was co-founded by [[Gordon Moore]] (BS 1950). {{cite web|title=Intel chairman awarded UC Berkeley's highest honor at Silicon Valley tribute|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/96legacy/Moore.html|date=July 17, 1996|author=Jose Rodriguez|publisher=University of California at Berkeley Public Information Office}}</ref> [[LSI Logic]]<ref name="LSIByWalker">LSI Logic was co-founded by Robert Walker (BS EE 1958). {{cite journal|url=http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/4/22516/01050102.pdf?tp=&isnumber=&arnumber=1050102|title=Contributors (1970)|publisher=[[IEEE]] in the IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits|date=1970-08 }}</ref> [[Gap (clothing retailer)|The Gap]],<ref>The Gap was founded by [[Donald Fisher]] (BS 1951), who served as its inaugural president and chairman of the board. {{cite web|url=http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/groups/pubs/calbusiness/fall2009/alumni05.html|title=Obituaries – Business Visionary Don Fisher, BS 51|date=2009 (Fall)|publisher=University of California, Berkeley's Haas School of Business}}</ref> [[MySpace]],<ref name="MySpaceByAnderson">MySpace was co-founded by [[Tom Anderson (MySpace)|Tom Anderson]](BA 1998). {{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2008/jun/23/myspace.tomanderson|publisher=The Guardian (publication in the [[United Kingdom]])|author=Owen Gibson|title=200 million friends and counting|date=June 23, 2008 | location=London}}</ref> [[PowerBar]],<ref>PowerBar was co-founded by [[Brian Maxwell]] (BA 1975) and his wife Jennifer Maxwell (BS 1988). {{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2004/03/22_maxwell.shtml|publisher=UC Berkeley News|title=Cal mourns passing of Brian Maxwell, former coach, runner, PowerBar founder, and philanthropist|date=March 22, 2004}}</ref> [[Berkeley Systems]],<ref name="Joan_Blades">Berkeley Systems and [[MoveOn.org]] were co-founded by [[Joan Blades]] (BA 1977). {{cite web|url=http://www.msmagazine.com/dec03/woty2003_blades.asp|title=Women of the Year 2003 – Joan Blades|author=Ellen Hawkes|publisher=[[Ms. (magazine)]]|date=2003 (Winter)}}</ref> [[Bolt, Beranek and Newman]]<ref>Bolt, Beranek and Newman was co-founded by [[Richard Bolt]] (BA 1933, MA 1937, PhD 1939). {{cite web|url=http://acousticalsociety.org/about/awards/gold/12_10_10_bolt|title=Acoustical Society of America Gold Medal Award – 1979 Richard Henry Bolt|year=1979|publisher=[[Acoustical Society of America]]|author=Leo L. Beranek}}</ref> (which created a number of underlying technologies that govern the [[Internet]]), [[Chez Panisse]],<ref>Chez Panisse was founded by [[Alice Waters]] (BA 1967). {{cite news|url=http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/reference/timestopics/people/w/alice_waters/index.html|title=Alice Waters|publisher=New York Times | first=Andrew | last=Martin | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}; and {{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/1996/08/14/garden/alice-waters-food-revolutionary.html|title=Alice Waters: Food Revolutionary|author=Marian Burros|date=August 14, 1996 | work=The New York Times}}</ref> [[GrandCentral]] (known now as [[Google Voice]]),<ref>[[GrandCentral]] (known now as Google Voice) was co-founded by [[Craig Walker (businessman)|Craig Walker]] (B.A. 1988, J.D. 1995). {{cite journal|url=http://www.law.berkeley.edu/institutes/bclt/entrepreneurship/speakers.html#walker|title=A Symposium on Intellectual Property and Entrepreneurship March 7–8, 2008 – Speakers|publisher=Berkeley Center for Law & Technology, Berkeley Technology Law Journal|year=2008}}</ref> [[Advent Software]],<ref>Advent Software was founded by [[Stephanie DiMarco]] (BS Business 1979) and Steve Strand (BS EECS 1979). {{cite web|url=http://coe.berkeley.edu/engnews/Spring06/EN13S/advent.html|title=How to build a successful software company|date=April 17, 2006|publisher=Engineering News (College of Engineering, UC Berkeley)}}</ref> [[HTC Corporation]],<ref name="HTC_VIA">HTC Corporation and VIA Technologies were co-founded by [[Cher Wang]] (BA 1980, MA 1981). {{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/27/technology/companies/27wang.html|author= Laura Holson |date=October 26, 2008|title=With Smartphones, Cher Wang Made Her Own Fortune|publisher= New York Times}}</ref> [[VIA Technologies]],<ref name="HTC_VIA"/> [[Marvell Technology Group]],<ref>Marvell Technology Group was founded by Weili Dai, (BA Computer Science 1984) and her husband Sehat Sutardja (MS 1983, PhD 1988 EECS) and brother-in-law Pantas Sutardjai (MS 1983, PhD 1988 ). {{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2009/02/27_citris.shtml| author=Sarah Yang|date=February 27, 2009|title=Dedication of new CITRIS headquarters marks new stage of innovation to help fuel economic growth|publisher=University of California, Berkeley and the UC Regents}}</ref> MoveOn.org,<ref name="Joan_Blades"/> [[Opsware]],<ref>Opsware was co-founded by In Sik Rhee (BS EECS 1993).{{cite news|url=http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/8.08/loudcloud_pr.html|author=David Sheff|date=2008-08|title=Crank it up|publisher=[[Wired Magazine]]}}</ref> [[RedOctane]],<ref>RedOctane was co-founded by brothers Charles Huang (BA 1992 ) and Kai Huang (BA CS 1994). {{cite web|url=http://www.inc.com/magazine/20081001/just-play_pagen_5.html|title=Just Play – Guitar Hero|publisher=[[Inc Magazine]]|author=Don Steinberg|date=October 1, 2008}}</ref> [[SanDisk]],<ref>SanDisk was co-founded by Sanjay Mehrotra (BS 1978, MS EE 1980). {{cite web|url=http://sandisk.com/about-sandisk/management|title=Corporate Officers|publisher=SanDisk}}</ref> [[Scharffen Berger Chocolate Maker]],<ref>Scharffen Berger Chocolate Maker was co-founded by John Scharffenberger (BA 1973). {{cite web|url=http://www.dailycal.org/article/104091/berkeley_scharffen_berger_factory_to_close|title=Berkeley Scharffen Berger Factory to Close|publisher=[[Daily Californian]]|author=Jessica Kwong|date=January 29, 2009}}</ref> [[VMware]],<ref name="VMwareByWangEtAl">VMware was co-founded by Edward Wang (BS EECS 1983, MS 1988, PhD 1994), along with Diane Greene (MS CS 1988) and her husband Mendel Rosenblum (MS 1989, PhD 1992). {{cite web|url=http://www.vmware.com/company/leadership.html|publisher=VMware|title=VMware Leadership}}</ref> and [[Zilog]],<ref>Zilog was co-founded by Ralph Ungermannn (BSEE 1964). {{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/1988/02/19/business/business-people-ungermann-bass-chairman-finds-a-merger-he-likes.html?pagewanted=1|publisher=New York Times|title=BUSINESS PEOPLE; Ungermann-Bass Chairman Finds a Merger He Likes|author=Lawrence M. Fisher|date=February 19, 1988}}</ref> while graduate school alumni have co-founded companies such as [[DHL Express|DHL]],<ref>DHL was co-founded by [[Larry Hillblom]] (Law 1969). {{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/1995/05/23/us/larry-l-hillblom-52-founder-of-dhl-worldwide-express.html?pagewanted=1|title=Larry L. Hillblom, 52, Founder Of DHL Worldwide Express|author=Saul Hansell|date=May 23, 1995|publisher=New York Times}}</ref> [[Google Earth|KeyHole Inc]] (known now as Google Earth),<ref>KeyHole Inc (known now as Google Earth) was co-founded by John Hanke (MBA 1996). {{cite web|url=http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/innovation/innovation1.html|publisher=University of California, Berkeley|title=Haas Alumnus Maps the Future at Google Earth}}</ref> [[Sun Microsystems]],<ref name="SunByJoy">Sun Microsystems was co-founded by [[Bill Joy]] (MS 1982). {{cite web|url=http://www.engin.umich.edu/newscenter/feature/goffsmith/|title=2009 Goff Smith Lecture: Bill Joy, The Promise of Green Technologies|date=October 16, 2009|publisher=[[University of Michigan]] College of Engineering}}</ref> and [[The Learning Company]].<ref>The Learning Company was co-founded by [[Warren Robinett]] (MS 1976). {{cite web|url=http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/login.jsp?url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fiel5%2F7729%2F35735%2F01695940.pdf%3Farnumber%3D1695940&authDecision=-203|title=Effect of Conductance Variability on Resistor-Logic Demultiplexers for Nanoelectronics|publisher=IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnolgy|author=IEEE|date=2006-11|authorlink=IEEE}}</ref> Berkeley alumni have also led various technology companies such as [[Electronic Arts]],<ref name="EaCEORiccittiello">[[John Riccitiello]] (BS 1981) has served as the CEO of Electronic Arts since 2007, and previously served as the president and COO of the company from 1996 to 2003. He is also the co-founder of [[Elevation Partners]] (with [[U2 (band)|U2]] singer [[Bono]]). {{cite web|url= http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/groups/pubs/calbusiness/fall2007/profile_riccitiello.html|title=University of California Berkeley, Haas School of Business – John Riccitiello, BS 81|author= HarmonyService |publisher= Haas School of Business, University of California Berkeley|date= Fall 2007}}</ref> [[Google]],<ref name="GoogleCEOSchmidt">[[Eric Schmidt]] (MS 1979, PhD 1982) has been the CEO of [[Google]] since 2001. {{cite web|url= http://coe.berkeley.edu/labnotes/0103/history.html|title=Lab Notes: Research from the Berkeley College of Engineering – Eric Schmidt Searches and Finds Success (Again)|author=David Pescovitz|publisher= College of Engineering, University of California Berkeley, |date= Jan/Feb 2003 (Volume 3, Issue 1)}}</ref>
[[Adobe Systems]],<ref name="AdobeCEONarayen">[[Shantanu Narayen]] (MBA 1993) has been the CEO of [[Adobe Systems]] since 2007. {{cite web|url=http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/groups/alumni/halloffame/alumni/narayen.html|title=Shantanu Narayen MBA 93|author=University of California Berkeley, Haas School of Business
|publisher=University of California Berkeley, Haas School of Business|year=2009}}</ref> and [[Qualcomm]].<ref name="QualcommCEOJacobs">Paul Jacobs (BS 1984, MS 1986, PhD 1989 EECS) has been the CEO of Qualcomm since 2005. {{cite web|url=http://innovations.coe.berkeley.edu/vol2-issue10-nov08/pauljacobs|title= Mobile Phone Metamorphosis|author=Abby Cohn|publisher="Innovations" by UC Berkeley College of Engineering|date=November 2008 (Volume 2 Issue 10)}}</ref>

[[File:Ken n dennis.jpg|thumb|Turing Award laureate [[Ken Thompson]] (left), BS 1965, MS 1966, with fellow laureate and colleague [[Dennis Ritchie]] (right); together, they created [[Unix]]]]
Berkeley alumni nurtured a number of key technologies associated with the [[personal computer]] and the development of the Internet.<ref>"Berkeley Unix worked so well that [[DARPA]] chose it for the preferred 'universal computing environment' to link [[Arpanet]] research nodes, thus setting in place an essential piece of infrastructure for the later growth of the Internet. An entire generation of computer scientists cut their teeth on Berkeley Unix. Without it, the Net might well have evolved into a shape similar to what it is today, but with it, the Net exploded." {{cite web|url=http://www.salon.com/tech/fsp/2000/05/16/chapter_2_part_one/print.html|title=BSD Unix: Power to the people, from the code|author=Andrew Leonard|publisher=[[Salon.com]]|date=May 16, 2000}}</ref> [[Unix]] was created by alumnus [[Ken Thompson]] (BS 1965, MS 1966) along with colleague [[Dennis Ritchie]]. Alumni such as [[L. Peter Deutsch]]<ref>Deutsch was awarded a 1992 citation by the [[Association for Computing Machinery]] for his work on [[Interlisp]]({{cite web|url=http://awards.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2925352&srt=all&aw=149&ao=SOFTWSYS|title=ACM Award Citation – L. Peter Deustch}})</ref><ref>L. Peter Deutsch is profiled on pages 30, 31, 43, 53, 54, 66 (which mentions Deutsch beginning his freshman year at Berkeley), and page 87 in the following book: {{cite book|title=Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution|author=Steven Levy|publisher=[[Penguin Books]]|date=January 2, 2001|isbn=0-385-19195-2|authorlink=Steven Levy}}</ref><ref>L. Peter Deutsch is profiled in pages 69, 70–72, 118, 146, 227, 230, 280, 399 of the following book: {{cite book|title=Dealers of Lightning: Xerox PARC and the Dawn of the Computer Age|author=Michael A. Hiltzik|publisher=Collins Business|isbn=0-88730-891-0 }}</ref> (PhD 1973), [[Butler Lampson]] (PhD 1967), and [[Charles P. Thacker]] (BS 1967)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.computerhistory.org/fellowawards/index.php?id=112|publisher=[[Computer History Museum]]|year=2007|title=Fellow Awards – Charles Thacker}}</ref> worked with Ken Thompson on [[Project Genie]] and then formed the ill-fated [[United States Department of Defense|US Department of Defense]]-funded Berkeley Computer Corporation (BCC), which was scattered throughout the Berkeley campus in non-descript offices to avoid anti-war protestors.<ref>{{cite book|title=Dealers of Lightning: Xerox Parc and the Dawn of the Computer Age|author=Michael A. Hiltzik|publisher=Collins Business|page=70|isbn=0-88730-891-0}}</ref> After BCC failed, Deutsch, Lampson, and Thacker joined [[Xerox PARC]], where they developed a number of pioneering computer technologies, culminating in the [[Xerox Alto]] that inspired the [[Apple Macintosh]]. In particular, the Alto used a [[computer mouse]], which had been invented by [[Doug Engelbart]] (B.Eng 1952, Ph.D. 1955). Thompson, Lampson, Engelbart, and Thacker<ref>{{cite news|publisher=[[USA Today]]|title=Charles Thacker wins Turing Award, computing's 'Nobel prize'|author=Elizabeth Weise|date=March 15, 2010|url=http://content.usatoday.com/communities/sciencefair/post/2010/03/charles-thacker-wins-turing-award-computings-nobel-prize/1}}</ref> all later received a Turing Award. Also at Xerox PARC was Ronald V. Schmidt (BS 1966, MS 1968, PhD 1971), who became known as "the man who brought [[Ethernet]] to the masses".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C01E2DE163AF934A15751C0A962958260|title=Sound Bytes; On Building a Better Highway|author=Lawrence M. Fisher|publisher=The New York Times|date=February 27, 1994}}</ref> Another Xerox PARC researcher, [[Charles Simonyi]] (BS 1972), pioneered the first [[WYSIWIG]] [[word processor]] program and was recruited personally by [[Bill Gates]] to join the fledgling company known as [[Microsoft]] to create [[Microsoft Word]]. Simonyi later became the first repeat [[space tourist]], blasting off on Russian [[Soyuz (rocket)|Soyuz]] rockets to work at the [[International Space Station]] orbiting the earth.

In 1977, a graduate student in the computer science department named Bill Joy (MS 1982) assembled<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.salon.com/tech/fsp/2000/05/16/chapter_2_part_one/print.html|title=BSD Unix: Power to the people, from the code|author=Andrew Leonard|publisher=[[Salon.com]]|date=May 16, 2000}}</ref> the original [[Berkeley Software Distribution]], commonly known as [[BSD Unix]]. Joy, who went on to co-found Sun Microsystems, also developed the original version of the [[Computer display|terminal]] console editor [[vi]], while [[Ken Arnold]] (BA 1985) created [[Curses (programming library)|Curses]], a terminal control [[Library (computer science)|library]] for [[Unix-like]] systems that enables the construction of [[Text user interface|text user interface (TUI)]] applications. Working alongside Joy at Berkeley were undergraduates [[William Jolitz]] (BS 1997) and his future wife [[Lynne Jolitz]] (BA 1989), who together created [[386BSD]], a version of BSD Unix that runs on Intel CPUs and evolved into the [[Comparison of BSD operating systems|BSD family of free operating systems]] and the [[Darwin (operating system)|Darwin operating system]] underlying [[Apple Inc.|Apple]] [[Mac OS X]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.salon.com/tech/feature/2000/05/17/386bsd/print.html|title=The unknown hackers – Open-source pioneers Bill and Lynne Jolitz may be the most famous programmers you've never heard of|author=Rachel Chalmers|publisher=[[Salon.com]]|date=May 17, 2000}}</ref> [[Eric Allman]] (BS 1977, MS 1980) created [[SendMail]], a Unix [[mail transfer agent]] that delivers about 12% of the [[email]] in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.securityspace.com/s_survey/data/man.201112/mxsurvey.html|publisher=Security Space|title=Mail (MX) Server Survey|date=January 1, 2012|author=E-Soft Inc}}</ref>

The [[EXperimental Computing Facility|XCF]], an undergraduate research group located in [[Soda Hall]], has been responsible for a number of notable software projects, including [[GTK+]] (created by [[Peter Mattis]], BS 1997), [[The GIMP]] ([[Spencer Kimball (computer programmer)|Spencer Kimball]], BS 1996), and the initial diagnosis of the [[Morris worm]].<ref>{{cite web | title = eXperimental Computer Facility's proud present and impressive past | date = February 10, 2003 | publisher = [http://www.coe.berkeley.edu/ Engineering News] | url = http://www.coe.berkeley.edu/engnews/spring03/4S/XCF.html | accessdate = February 13, 2009}}</ref> In 1992 [[Pei-Yuan Wei]],<ref>Pei-Yuan Wei's contributions are profiled on pages 56, 64, 68, and 83, in the [[World Wide Web]] creator's autobiography ({{cite book| title=Weaving the Web|author=Tim Berners-Lee|publisher=Collins Business|date=November 7, 2001| isbn=0-06-251586-1|authorlink=Tim Berners-Lee}})</ref> an undergraduate at the XCF, created [[ViolaWWW]], one of the first graphical web browsers. ViolaWWW was the first browser to have embedded scriptable objects, stylesheets, and tables. In the spirit of Open Source, he donated the code to Sun Microsystems, inspiring [[Java (programming language)|Java]] applets( [[Kim Polese]] (BS 1984) was the original product manager for Java at Sun Microsystems.) ViolaWWW also inspired researchers at the [[National Center for Supercomputing Applications]] to create the [[Mosaic web browser]],<ref>{{cite book| title=Weaving the Web|author=Tim Berners-Lee|publisher=Collins Business|date=November 7, 2001|pages=68, 83| isbn=0-06-251586-1|authorlink=Tim Berners-Lee}}</ref> a pioneering [[web browser]] that became Microsoft [[Internet Explorer]].

[[File:KathyBaker.jpg|thumb|[[Emmy]]- and [[Golden Globe Award]]- award winning actress Kathy Baker, BA 1977]]
Collectively, alumni have won at least twenty [[Academy Awards]]. [[Gregory Peck]] (BA 1939), nominated for four Oscars during his career, won an Oscar for acting in ''[[To Kill a Mockingbird (film)|To Kill a Mockingbird]]''. [[Chris Innis]] (BA 1991) won the 2010 Oscar for film editing for her work on best picture winner, ''[[The Hurt Locker]]''. [[Walter Plunkett]] (BA 1923 ) won an Oscar for costume design (for ''[[An American in Paris]]''). [[Freida Lee Mock]] (BA 1961) and [[Charles H. Ferguson]] (BA 1978) have each<ref>Freida Lee Mock (BA 1961) won an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature in 1995 for ''[[Maya Lin: A Strong Clear Vision]]''. {{cite web|url=http://www.pbs.org/pov/behindthelens/mock.php|title=Behind the Lens- Extended Interviews with POV Filmmakers |publisher=[[Public Broadcasting Service]] and American Documentary Inc.| date=March 4, 2011}}</ref><ref>Charles H. Ferguson (BA 1978) won an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature in 2011 for ''[[Inside Job (film)|Inside Job]]''. {{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2011/feb/28/inside-job-best-documentary-oscar|publisher=The Guardian (United Kingdom)|date=February 28, 2011|author=Andrew Pulver|title=Oscars 2011: Inside Job banks best documentary award}}</ref> won an Oscar for documentary filmmaking. Mark Berger (BA 1964) has won four Oscars for sound mixing and is an adjunct professor at UC Berkeley.<ref>{{cite web|title=UC Berkeley Professor Mixes Sound for Award Winning Films|author=Jawad Qadir|date=March 31, 2010|url=http://archive.dailycal.org/article/108855/uc_berkeley_professor_mixes_sound_for_award-winnin|publisher=The Daily Californian}}</ref> [[Edith Head]] (BA 1918), who was nominated for 34 Oscars during her career, won eight Oscars for costume design. [[Joe Letteri]] (BA 1981<ref>{{cite journal|journal=California Magazine|date=June 2003|title=Talk of the Gown – Blues in the News|publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}</ref>) has won four Oscars for Best Visual Effects in the [[James Cameron]] film ''[[Avatar (2009 film)|Avatar]]'' and the [[Peter Jackson]] films ''[[King Kong (2005 film)|King Kong]]'', ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers|The Two Towers]]'', and ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King|The Return of the King]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://triblive.com/home/1187547-85/movies-letteri-effects-oscar-movie-fourth-lord-native-rings-special|title=Beaver County native wins fourth Oscar for visual effects|author=Sandra Fischione Donovan|publisher=[[Pittsburgh Tribune-Review]]|date=March 12, 2010}}</ref>

Alumni have collectively won at least twenty-five [[Emmy Awards]]: Jon Else (BA 1968) for cinematography; [[Andrew Schneider]] (BA 1973) for screenwriting; Linda Schacht (BA 1966, MA 1981), two for broadcast journalism;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/groups/newspubs/haasnews/archives/hn022001.html|title=Haas NewsWire, February 20, 2001|publisher=Haas School of Business and the University of California, Berkeley|date=February 20, 2001}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url= http://journalism.berkeley.edu/program/television/faculty/|title=Television Program Faculty and Lecturers|publisher=Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism and the Regents of the [[University of California]]}}</ref> Christine Chen (dual BA's 1990), two for broadcast journalism;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asianhalloffame.org/ceremony.htm#christinechen|year=2007|publisher=Robert Chinn Foundation|title=Asian Hall of Fame – Induction Ceremony}}</ref> Kristen Sze (BA), two for broadcast journalism;<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[KGO-TV|KGO]] News|title=Meet the Team – Kristen Sze|url=http://abclocal.go.com/kgo/bio?section=resources/inside_station/newsteam&id=5771724}}</ref> [[Kathy Baker]] (BA 1977), three for acting; Ken Milnes (BS 1977), four for broadcasting technology; and [[Leroy Sievers]] (BA),<ref name="ABCNews_Sievers_2008_08_16">{{cite journal|url=http://www.abcnews.go.com/print?id=5197492|title=Colon Cancer Claims Veteran Journalist Leroy Sievers|date=August 16, 2008|publisher=[[ABC News]]|author=}}</ref> twelve for production.

[[File:Robert Penn Warren.jpg|thumb|left|upright|[[Robert Penn Warren]], M.A. 1927 – novelist and poet, who received the Pulitzer Prize three times]]
Alumni collectively have won at least eight Pulitzer Prizes. Pulitzer Prize winning journalist [[Marguerite Higgins]] (BA 1941) was a pioneering female war correspondent<ref>"General Walton H. Walker had ordered her out of [[Korea]]..... Like many another soldier, old and young, General Walker was convinced that women do not belong in a combat zone... General [[Douglas MacArthur]] reversed Walker's ruling. To the Herald Tribune, MacArthur sent a soothing telegram: 'Ban on women correspondents in Korea has been lifted. Marguerite Higgins is held in highest professional esteem by everyone.'" {{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,821303,00.html|title=The Press: Last Word|publisher=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date=July 31, 1950}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=The Press: Pride of the Regiment|publisher=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,813360-1,00.html|date=September 25, 1950}}</ref> who covered World War II, the [[Korean War]], and the [[Vietnam War]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,835015-1,00.html|publisher=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|title=Columnists: Lady at War|date=January 14, 1966}}</ref> Novelist [[Robert Penn Warren]] (MA 1927) won three Pulitzer Prizes,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.biography.com/articles/Robert-Penn-Warren-9524366|publisher=[[The Biography Channel]]|title=Robert Penn Warren|author=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.|year=2008 }}</ref> including one for his novel ''[[All the King's Men]]'', which was later made into an Academy Award winning<ref>Nominated for seven Academy Awards, ''[[All the King's Men (1949 film)|All the King's Men]]'' won Oscars for [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]] of 1949, [[Academy Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]] ([[Broderick Crawford]]), and [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]] ([[Mercedes McCambridge]]){{cite news|url=http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/1609/All-the-King-s-Men/overview|title=All the King's Men – Review Summary|author=Bosley Crowther|publisher=The New York Times | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}</ref> [[All the King's Men (1949 film)|movie]]. Pulitzer Prize winning cartoonist [[Rube Goldberg]] (BS 1904) invented the comically complex—yet ultimately trivial—contraptions known as [[Rube Goldberg machine]]s . Journalist Alexandra Berzon (MA 2006) won a Pulitzer Prize in 2009,<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.dailycal.org/article/105393/journalism_school_alumna_part_of_pulitzer-prize_wi|date=April 23, 2009|title=Journalism School Alumna Part Of Pulitzer-Prize Winning Staff|author=Shannon Lee|publisher=The Daily Californian}}</ref> and journalist [[Matt Richtel]] (BA 1989), who also co-authors the comic strip ''[[Rudy Park]]'' under the pen name of "Theron Heir",<ref>{{cite news|url=http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/reference/timestopics/people/r/matt_richtel/index.html|title=Matt Richtel|publisher=The New York Times|date=April 12, 2010 | accessdate=May 27, 2010 | first1=Ashlee | last1=Vance}}</ref> won the 2010 Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pulitzer.org/biography/2010-National-Reporting|title=Matt Richtel|year=2010|publisher=The Pulitzer Prizes}}</ref> Pulitzer Prize-winning historian [[Leon Litwack]] (BA<ref>{{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/berkeleyan/2005/09/14_litwack.shtml|title=Leon Litwack Rocks|publisher=The Berkeleyan and the UC Berkeley NewsCenter|date=September 14, 2005|author=Cathy Cockrell}}</ref> 1951, PhD 1958 ) taught as a professor at UC Berkeley for 43 years;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2007/05/08_litwack.shtml|title=Leon Litwack's last stand|date=May 8, 2007|author=Cathy Cockrell|publisher=UC Berkeley NewsCenter (University of California, Berkeley)}}</ref> [[List of University of California, Berkeley faculty#Pulitzer Prize|three other]] UC Berkeley professors have also received the Pulitzer Prize.

Alumni have acted in classic television series that are still broadcast on TV today. [[Karen Grassle]] (BA 1965) played the mother [[Caroline Ingalls]] in ''[[Little House on the Prairie (TV series)|Little House on the Prairie]]'', [[Jerry Mathers]] (BA 1974) starred in ''[[Leave it to Beaver]]'', and [[Roxann Dawson]] (BA 1980) portrayed [[B'Elanna Torres]] on ''[[Star Trek: Voyager]]''.

Former undergraduates have participated in the contemporary music industry, such as ''[[Grateful Dead]]'' bass guitarist [[Phil Lesh]], ''[[The Police]]'' drummer [[Stewart Copeland]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://movies.nytimes.com/person/85855/Stewart-Copeland/biography|author=Rovi of All Movie Guide|publisher=The New York Times|title=Stewart Copeland}}</ref> ''[[Rolling Stone Magazine]]'' founder [[Jann Wenner]], ''[[The Bangles]]'' lead singer [[Susanna Hoffs]] (BA 1980), ''[[Counting Crows]]'' lead singer [[Adam Duritz]], [[MTV]] correspondent [[Suchin Pak]] (BA 1997),<ref>{{cite web|publisher=MTV|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/correspondents/pak/bio.jhtml|title=SuChin Pak Biography – Reporter, Host and Interviewer – MTV News}}</ref> ''[[AFI (band)|AFI]]'' musicians [[Davey Havok]] and [[Jade Puget]] (BA 1996), and solo artist [[Marié Digby]] (''[[Say It Again (Digby song)|Say It Again]]''). ''[[People Magazine]]'' included ''[[Third Eye Blind]]'' lead singer and songwriter [[Stephan Jenkins]] (BA 1987) in the magazine's list of "50 Most Beautiful People".<ref>{{cite web|date=May 10, 1999|publisher=[[People Magazine]]|title=Stephan Jenkins: Musician|url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20128175,00.html}}</ref>

Alumni have also participated in the world of sports. Tennis athlete [[Helen Wills Moody]] (BA 1925) won 31 [[Grand Slam (tennis)|Grand Slam]] titles, including eight singles titles at [[The Championships, Wimbledon|Wimbledon]]. [[Tarik Glenn]] (BA 1999) is a [[Super Bowl XLI]] champion. [[Michele Tafoya]] (BA 1988) is a sports television reporter for [[ABC Sports]] and [[ESPN]].<ref>{{cite web|title= Michele Tafoya – ESPN's Monday Night Football Sideline Reporter; Play-By-Play and Sideline Commentator|url=http://www.espnmediazone.com/bios/Talent/Tafoya_Michele.htm|publisher=ESPN}}</ref> [[Sports agent]] [[Leigh Steinberg]] ( BA 1970, JD 1973) has represented professional athletes such as [[Steve Young (American football)|Steve Young]], [[Troy Aikman]], and [[Oscar de la Hoya]]; Steinberg has been called the real-life inspiration<ref>{{cite news|title='Jerry Maguire aspires to be you'|author=Daniel Roberts and Pablo S. Torre|publisher=Sports illustrated|date=2012-04-11|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2012/magazine/04/10/steinberg/index.html}}</ref> for the title character in the Oscar-winning<ref>''Jerry Maguire'' was nominated for 5 Academy Awards, and won for Best Supporting Actor ([[Cuba Gooding, Jr.]]).</ref> film ''[[Jerry Maguire]]'' (portrayed by [[Tom Cruise]]). [[Matt Biondi]] (BA 1988) won eight Olympic gold medals during his swimming career, in which he participated in three different Olympics. At the [[Beijing Olympics]] in 2008, [[Natalie Coughlin]] (BA 2005) became the first American female athlete in modern Olympic history<ref name="Aron2008_08_18">"The six medals she won are the most by an American woman in any sport, breaking the record she tied four years ago. Her career total matches the third-most by any U.S. athlete." {{cite news|url=http://stats.cbc.ca/olympics/story.asp?i=20080817063823933328708&%20ref=rec&tm=&src=OLYMPICS_DOLY_SWM|title=Coughlin's 6 medals most by a US woman|author=Jaime Aron|date=August 17, 2008|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]}}</ref> to win six medals in one Olympics. (A panel of ''[[Sports Illustrated]]'''s [[Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue|swimsuit models]] voted Coughlin as one of the Top 20 Best-Looking Female Athletes.<ref>{{cite news|title=SI's Swimsuit Models rank the best-looking athletes|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2006/scorecard/12/19/hot_landing/index.html
|publisher=Sports Illustrated|date= December 19, 2006 | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}</ref><ref>Natalie Coughlin's ''Sports Illustrated'' photo is at {{cite news|title=Best Looking Athletes – 13 – Natalie Coughlin – Swimming
|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/multimedia/photo_gallery/0611/gallery.prettypeople.women20/content.8.html|publisher=Sports Illustrated|date= December 19, 2006 | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}</ref>)

There are at least 14 living alumni billionaires: Gordon Moore (Intel founder), Bill Joy (computer programmer and Sun Microsystems founder), Eric Schmidt (Google Chairman), Bassam Alghanim (wealthiest Kuwaiti), Charles Simonyi (Microsoft), Cher Wang (HTC, wealthiest Taiwanese), Robert Haas (Levi's), [[Donald Fisher]] (Gap), Carlos Rodriguez-Pastor <ref>[http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-08-03/publicity-shy-tycoon-forging-modern-peru-amid-expanding-economy.htmland ]{{dead link|date=July 2013}}</ref> (Interbank, Peru), [[Fayez Sarofim]], [[Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway]], [[James Harris Simons]], and [[Michael Milken]].

==See also==
{{Portal|San Francisco Bay Area|University}}
* [[Higher Education Recruitment Consortium]]
* [[List of forestry universities and colleges]]
* [[Pacific Film Archive]]
* [[University of California Museum of Paleontology]]

==Notes and references==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading and viewing==
* {{cite book
| first = Gray
| last = Brechin
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 1999
| month =
| title = Imperial San Francisco
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = UC Press Ltd
| location =
| isbn = 0-520-21568-0
| url =
}}
* {{cite book
| first = Susan Dinkelspiel
| last = Cerny
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 2001
| month =
| title = Berkeley Landmarks: An Illustrated Guide to Berkeley, California's Architectural Heritage
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association
| location =
| isbn = 0-9706676-0-4
| url =
}}
* {{cite book
| first = Jo
| last = Freeman
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 2003
| month =
| title = At Berkeley in the Sixties: The Education of an Activist, 1961–1965
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = Indiana University Press
| location =
| isbn = 0-253-21622-2
| url =
}}
* {{cite book
| first = Harvey
| last = Helfand
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 2001
| month =
| title = University of California, Berkeley
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = Princeton Architectural Press
| location =
| isbn = 1-56898-293-3
| url =
}}
* {{cite book | first = MFEM | last = Owens | year = 2004 | title = America's Best Value Colleges| edition = | publisher = The Princeton Review | isbn = 0-375-76373-2 | url =}}
* {{cite book
| first = W. J.
| last = Rorabaugh
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 1990
| month =
| title = Berkeley at War: The 1960s
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = Oxford University Press
| location =
| isbn = 0-19-506667-7
| url =
}}
* {{cite AV media
| people = [[Frederick Wiseman|Wiseman, Frederick]] (Director)
| year = 2013
| title = At Berkeley
| trans_title =
| medium = Motion picture
| language =
| url =
| accessdate =
| archiveurl =
| archivedate =
| format =
| time =
| location =
| publisher = Zipporah Films
| id =
| isbn =
| oclc =
| quote =
| ref =
}}
* {{cite book
| first = Geoffrey
| last = Wong
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 2001
| month =May
| title = A Golden State of Mind
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = Trafford Publishing
| location =
| isbn = 1-55212-635-8
| url =
}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [http://www.berkeley.edu/ Official website]
* [http://www.calbears.com/ Official athletics website]
* {{Cite Collier's|California, University of}}
* {{dmoz|Reference/Education/Colleges_and_Universities/North_America/United_States/California/University_of_California/Berkeley/}}

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University of California, Berkeley

2013-11-19T00:08:43Z

Casecrer: Replacing non-free fair-use image by public domain image. See discussion page for details.

{{pp-move-indef}}
{{Infobox university
|name = University of California, Berkeley
|motto = ''[[Fiat lux]]'' ([[Latin]])
|mottoeng = [[Let there be light]]
|established = March 23, 1868
|image_name = The University of California 1868.svg
|image_size = 200px
|caption = [[Seal (emblem)|Seal]] of U.C. Berkeley
|type = [[Flagship university|Flagship]] [[Public University|Public]]
|calendar = [[Semester]]
|endowment = $3.03 billion<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/_files/report/UC_Annual_Endowment_Report_FY2011-2012.pdf |title=UC Annual Endowment Report, Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012; p.4 |accessdate=2013-01-07 |publisher=Office of the Treasurer of the Regents of the University of California|format=PDF}}</ref>
|chancellor = [[Nicholas Dirks]]
|students = 36,204 (Fall 2013)
|undergrad = 25,951 (Fall 2013)<ref name="Total Enrollment by Level, Gender, and Ethnicity">{{cite web|url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/enrollmentData.html |title=UC Berkeley Enrollment Data |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=July 29, 2012}}</ref>
|postgrad = 10,253 (Fall 2013)<ref name="Total Enrollment by Level, Gender, and Ethnicity"/>
|doctoral =
|city = [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]]
|state = [[California]]
|country = [[United States]]
|campus = [[Urban area|Urban]] 
Total {{convert|1232|acre|ha}} Core Campus {{convert|178|acre|ha}}<ref name="Facts at a glance">{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/about/fact.shtml |format=PDF |title=Facts at a glance |year=2010-11 |publisher=University of California - Berkeley |accessdate=July 31, 2013}}</ref>
Total land owned {{convert|6679|acre|ha}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://regents.universityofcalifornia.edu/regmeet/nov12/f8attach1.pdf |format=PDF |title=UC Financial Reports– Campus Facts in Brief, p.10 |year=2011-12 |publisher=University of California}}</ref>
|colors = {{Color box|#010066}} [[Yale Blue]] {{Color box|#FFCC33}} [[UCLA Gold|California Gold]]
|nickname = Golden Bears
|mascot = [[Oski the Bear]]
|athletics = 27 Varsity Teams [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] [[Division I (NCAA)|Division I]] '''[[California Golden Bears]]'''
|free_label = [[Nobel Laureates]]
|free = 72<ref>[[List of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of California, Berkeley]] ''List of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of California, Berkeley''</ref>
|free_label2 = Yearbook
|free nickname2 = The Blue & Gold
|affiliations = [[Association of American Universities|AAU]] [[International Alliance of Research Universities|IARU]] [[Pacific-12 Conference|Pacific-12]] [[University of California]]
|publictransit = [[Downtown Berkeley (BART station)|Downtown Berkeley BART]]
|website = [http://berkeley.edu/ Berkeley.edu]
|logo = [[File:Berkeley Horizontal Logo.PNG|240px]]
}}

The '''University of California, Berkeley''' (also referred to as '''UC Berkeley''', '''Berkeley''', '''California''', or simply '''Cal'''), is a public research university located in [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]], [[California]], [[United States]]. The university occupies {{convert|1232|acre|ha}} on the [[East Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)|eastern side]] of the [[San Francisco Bay]] with the central campus resting on {{convert|178|acre|ha}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/about/fact.shtml |title=About Berkeley – Facts at a Glance |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=July 16, 2013}}</ref> Berkeley is the flagship institution of the 10 campus [[University of California]] system and one of only two UC campuses operating on a [[Academic term|semester calendar]], the other being [[University of California, Merced|UC Merced]].

Established in 1868 as the result of the merger of the private [[College of California]] and the public Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College in [[Oakland, California|Oakland]], Berkeley is the oldest institution in the UC system and offers approximately 350 undergraduate and [[graduate degree]] programs in a wide range of disciplines.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/about/hist/index.shtml |title=History – UC Berkeley |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> Berkeley has been charged with providing both "classical" and "practical" education for the state's people.<ref>{{cite web |title=History of UC Berkeley |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |url=http://berkeley.edu/about/hist/index.shtml |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5wKp6ajI8 |archivedate=February 7, 2011 |quote=Founded in the wake of the gold rush by leaders of the newly established 31st state, the University of California's flagship campus at Berkeley has become one of the preeminent universities in the world.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://cio.chance.berkeley.edu/chancellor/sp/flagship.htm|date=October 8, 1998|title=The Future of Flagship Universities|last=Berndahl|first=Robert|authorlink=Robert M. Berdahl|publisher=University of California, Berkeley|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5wJUI60xL|archivedate=February 7, 2011|quote=The issue I want to talk about tonight is the future of "flagship" universities, institutions like the University of Texas at Austin, or Texas A&M at College Station, or the University of California, Berkeley. This is not an easy topic to talk about for a number of reasons, not the least of which is the fact that those of us in "systems" of higher education are frequently actively discouraged from using the term "flagship" to refer to our campuses because it is seen as hurtful to the self-esteem of colleagues at other institutions in our systems.}}</ref> Berkeley co-manages three [[United States Department of Energy National Laboratories]], including the [[Los Alamos National Laboratory]], [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]] and [[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]] for the [[U.S. Department of Energy]].

Berkeley faculty, alumni, and researchers have won 72 [[Nobel Prize]]s (including 28 alumni Nobel laureates), 9 [[Wolf Prize]]s, 7 [[Fields Medal]]s, 15 [[Turing Award]]s, 45 [[MacArthur Fellowship]]s,<ref>{{cite web|last=Maclay |first=Kathleen |url=http://newscenter.berkeley.edu/2010/09/28/macarthur/ |title=Two young faculty members named MacArthur "genius" fellows |publisher=Newscenter.berkeley.edu |date=2010-09-28 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> 20 [[Academy Award]]s, and 11 [[Pulitzer Prize]]s. To date, UC Berkeley and its researchers are associated with 6 [[chemical elements]] of the [[periodic table]] ([[californium]], [[seaborgium]], [[berkelium]], [[einsteinium]], [[fermium]], [[lawrencium]]) and [[Berkeley Lab]] has discovered 16 chemical elements in total – more than any other university in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/new-elements-here.html |title=Chemical Elements Discovered at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory |publisher=Lbl.gov |date=June 7, 1999 |accessdate=February 21, 2011}}</ref> Berkeley is a founding member of the [[Association of American Universities]] and continues to have very high research activity with $652.4 million in research and development expenditures in 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aau.edu/about/article.aspx?id=5476 |title=Member Institutions and Years of Admission |publisher=Association of American Universities |year=2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/nsf11313/pdf/tab31.pdf |title=Table 31: R&D expenditures at universities and colleges, ranked by all R&D expenditures, by source of funds: FY 2009 |year=2009 |publisher=National Science Foundation}}</ref> Berkeley physicist [[J. Robert Oppenheimer]] was the scientific director of the [[Manhattan Project]] that developed the first [[atomic bomb]] in the world, which he personally headquartered at [[Los Alamos, New Mexico]], during [[World War II]]. Faculty member [[Edward Teller]] was (together with [[Stanislaw Ulam]]) the "father of the [[Thermonuclear weapon|hydrogen bomb]]".
Known as the ''[[California Golden Bears]]'' (often shortened to "Cal Bears" or just "Cal"), the athletic teams are members of both the [[Pacific-12 Conference]] and the [[Mountain Pacific Sports Federation]] in the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]].

==History==
[[File:UCBerkeleyCampus.jpg|thumb|View from Memorial Glade of Sather Tower (The Campanile), the center of UC Berkeley. The ring of its bells and clock can be heard from all over campus.]]
{{Main|History of the University of California, Berkeley}}

In 1866, the land comprising the current Berkeley campus was purchased by the private College of California. Because it lacked sufficient funds to operate, it eventually merged with the state-run Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College to form the University of California, the first full-curriculum public university in the state.

Ten faculty members and almost 40 students made up the new University of California when it opened in Oakland in 1869.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/about/hist/foundations.shtml |title=History of UC Berkeley, 19th-century: Founding UC's flagship campus |publisher=UC Berkeley |accessdate=December 26, 2012}}</ref> [[Andrew Gabrielson]] was a trustee of the College of California and suggested that the college be named in honor of the [[Anglo-Irish]] philosopher [[George Berkeley]].<ref name="Berkeley">{{cite web| url=http://berkeleypubliclibrary.org/system/Chapter2.html| work=Berkeley, A City in History| author=Wollenberg, Charles| year=2002| title=Chapter 2: Tale of Two Towns| publisher=Berkeley Public Library| accessdate=June 6, 2009}}</ref> In 1870, [[Henry Durant]], the founder of the College of California, became the first president. With the completion of North and [[South Hall (UC Berkeley)|South Halls]] in 1873, the university relocated to its Berkeley location with 167 male and 222 female students and held its first classes.<ref name="Sunsite">{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/uchistory/general_history/campuses/ucb/overview.html |title=University of California History Digital Archives |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref>

Beginning in 1891, [[Phoebe Apperson Hearst]] made several large gifts to Berkeley, funding a number of programs and new buildings, and sponsoring, in 1898, an international competition in Antwerp, Belgium, where French architect Émile Bernard submitted the winning design for a campus master plan. In 1905, the University Farm was established near [[Sacramento]], ultimately becoming the [[University of California, Davis]].<ref name="ucb_about">{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/about/history/ |publisher=UC Berkeley |title=About UC Berkeley – History |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> By the 1920s, the number of campus buildings had grown substantially, and included twenty structures designed by architect [[John Galen Howard]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/multimedia/2003/03/jgh/index.shtml |title=John Galen Howard and the design of the ''City of Learning,'' the UC Berkeley campus |publisher=UC Berkeley |accessdate=December 24, 2010}}</ref>

[[Robert Gordon Sproul]] served as president from 1930 to 1958.<ref name="Presidents">{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/uchistory/general_history/overview/presidents/index2.html |title=UC Presidents |publisher=University of California History Digital Archives |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> By 1942, the American Council on Education ranked UC Berkeley second only to [[Harvard University]] in the number of distinguished departments.<ref name="Presidents"/>
[[File:Berkeley, California. University of California Lawn Forum. Wheeler Auditorium steps where more informal and less... - NARA - 532100.tif|thumb|200px|The University of California in 1940]]

During World War II, following [[Glenn T. Seaborg|Glenn Seaborg]]'s then-secret discovery of plutonium, [[Ernest Lawrence|Ernest Orlando Lawrence]]'s Radiation Laboratory began to contract with the U.S. Army to develop the atomic bomb. UC Berkeley physics professor [[Robert Oppenheimer|J. Robert Oppenheimer]] was named scientific head of the Manhattan Project in 1942.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atomicarchive.com/History/mp/chronology.shtml |title=Manhattan Project Chronology |publisher=atomicarchive.com |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atomicheritage.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=292&Itemid=205 |title=Atomic History – Early Government Support |publisher=Atomic Heritage Foundation |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> Along with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (formerly the Radiation Lab), Berkeley is now a partner in managing two other labs, Los Alamos National Laboratory (1943) and [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]] (1952).

Originally, military training was compulsory for male undergraduates, and Berkeley housed an armory for that purpose. In 1917, Berkeley's ROTC program was established, and its School of Military Aeronautics trained future pilots, including [[Jimmy Doolittle]], who graduated with a B.A. in 1922. Both [[Robert McNamara]] and [[Frederick C. Weyand]] graduated from UC Berkeley's ROTC program, earning B.A. degrees in 1937 and 1938, respectively. In 1926, future [[Fleet Admiral (United States)|fleet admiral]] [[Chester W. Nimitz]] established the first [[Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps]] unit at Berkeley. During World War II, the military increased its presence on campus to recruit more officers, and by 1944, more than 1,000 Berkeley students were enrolled in the [[V-12 Navy College Training Program]] and naval training school for diesel engineering.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/ref/USN-Act/CA.html|title=U.S. Naval Activities World War II by State|publisher=Patrick Clancey|accessdate=2012-03-19}}</ref> The Board of Regents ended compulsory military training at Berkeley in 1962.

During the [[McCarthyism|McCarthy era]] in 1949, the [[Regents of the University of California|Board of Regents]] adopted an anti-[[communist]] [[loyalty oath]]. A number of faculty members objected and were dismissed;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/uchistory/archives_exhibits/loyaltyoath/timelinesummary.html |title=The Loyalty Oath Controversy, University of California, 1949–1951 |publisher=University of California Archives |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> ten years passed before they were reinstated with back pay.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dailycal.org/article.php?id=535 |date=January 8, 1999 |title=Former UC Presidents Recollect Loyalty Oath |last=Benjaminson |first=Anne |publisher=Daily Californian}}</ref>

In 1952, the University of California became an entity separate from the Berkeley campus. Each campus was given relative autonomy and its own Chancellor. Then-president Sproul assumed presidency of the entire University of California system, and [[Clark Kerr]] became the first Chancellor of UC Berkeley.<ref name="Presidents" />

[[File:CampanileMtTamalpiasSunset-original.jpg|thumb|Sather Tower (the Campanile) looking out over the San Francisco Bay and [[Mount Tamalpais]].]]Berkeley gained a reputation for student activism in the 1960s with the [[Free Speech Movement]] in 1964,<ref name="Berkeley 60s">{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/CalHistory/60s.html |title= Days of Cal – Berkeley in the 60s |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> and [[opposition to the Vietnam War]]. In the highly publicized [[People's Park, Berkeley|People's Park]] protest in 1969, students and the school conflicted over use of a plot of land; the [[United States National Guard|National Guard]] was called in and violence erupted.<ref name="Berkeley 60s"/><ref>{{cite news|first=Jeffery |last=Kahn |title=Ronald Reagan launched political career using the Berkeley campus as a target |publisher=UC Berkeley News |date=June 8, 2004 |url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2004/06/08_reagan.shtml}}</ref> Modern students at Berkeley are less politically active, with a greater percentage of moderates and conservatives.<ref>{{Cite news | last=Doty | first=Meriah | title=Examining Berkeley's liberal legacy | url=http://www.cnn.com/2004/ALLPOLITICS/01/09/elec04.berkeley/ | date=February 5, 2004 | newspaper=CNN | accessdate=February 20, 2008 | postscript=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2005/01/24_freshmen.shtml|first= Bonnie Azab|last=Powell|date=January 24, 2005|accessdate=February 29, 2008|publisher=UC Berkeley News|title=Web Feature}}</ref> Democrats outnumber Republicans on the faculty by a ratio of 9:1.<ref>{{Cite news | last=Tierney | first=John | title=Republicans Outnumbered in Academia, Studies Find | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/18/education/18faculty.html | date=November 18, 2004 | newspaper=[[New York Times]] | accessdate=January 16, 2008 | postscript=}}</ref>

Various human and animal rights groups have recently conflicted with Berkeley. [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]]s conflicted with the school over repatriation of remains from the Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology.<ref>{{cite news | last=Paddock | first=Richard | title=UC Berkeley's bones of contention | url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-adme-bones13jan13,0,2942194.story?coll=la-home-local | newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] | date=January 12, 2008 | accessdate=January 13, 2008}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> [[Animal-rights]] activists have threatened faculty members using animals for research.<ref>{{cite news | last=Krupnik | first=Matt | title=Animal rights activists protest at Cal | url=http://www.insidebayarea.com/argus/localnews/ci_7941998 | newspaper=The Daily Argus | date=January 11, 2008 | accessdate=January 13, 2008}}</ref> The school's response to [[tree sitting|tree sitters]] protesting construction caused controversy in the local community.<ref>{{cite news | last=McKinley | first=Jesse | title=University Fences In a Berkeley Protest, and a New One Arises | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/13/education/13trees.html | newspaper=[[New York Times]] | date=September 7, 2007 | accessdate=January 11, 2008}}</ref>

As state funding has declined,<ref>{{cite news |title=A money gap and a brain drain; UC Berkeley, long on reputation but short on funding, is losing talent |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=October 28, 2006 |accessdate=April 12, 2008 |last= La Ganga |first=Maria L.}}</ref> Berkeley has turned to private sources: [[BP]] donated $500 million to develop [[biofuel]]s, the Hewlett Foundation gave $113 million to endow 100 [[Chair (academic)#Named chair|faculty chair]]s, and [[Dow Chemical]] gave $10 million to research [[sustainability]].<ref name="Paddock">{{cite news | last=Paddock | first= Richard C. | title=Less to bank on at state universities| url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-compact7oct07,0,5052218,full.story?coll=la-home-center | publisher= [[The Los Angeles Times]] | date=October 6, 2007 | accessdate = October 6, 2007}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | last=Schevitz | first= Tanya | title=Cal given $10 million by Dow Chemical to work on sustainability| url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/10/31/BA67T2UHH.DTL&tsp=1 | publisher= The San Francisco Chronicle | date=October 31, 2007 | accessdate = October 31, 2007}}</ref> The BP grant has been criticized for [[Food vs fuel|diverting food production]] to fuel production.<ref name="Burress">{{cite news | last= Burress | first= Charles | title=UC Berkeley, BP finally sign contract for research project | date =November 15, 2007 | url= http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/11/15/BAABTCDKK.DTL | accessdate = November 14, 2007 | work=The San Francisco Chronicle}}</ref><ref name="AcademicSenate">{{cite web | first= the laughing cow| title= Partial recording of UC Berkeley academic senate deliberation on proposed BP deal| url= http://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2007/04/24/18404495.php | date=April 24, 2007| accessdate= January 24, 2008}}</ref>

The original name ''University of California'' was frequently shortened to ''California'' or ''Cal''. UC Berkeley's athletic teams date to this time and so are referred to as the ''California Golden Bears'', ''Cal Bears'', or just ''Cal''. Today, ''University of California'' refers to a statewide school system. Referring to the University of California, Berkeley as ''UCB'' or ''University of California '''at''' Berkeley'' is discouraged<ref>{{cite journal | title = Editorial Style Guide | year = 2009 | page = 20 | publisher = University of California, Berkeley | url = http://identity.berkeley.edu/guidelines/berkeley-editorial-style-09.pdf }}</ref> and the domain name is <tt>berkeley.edu</tt>. Moreover, the term "Cal Berkeley" is not a correct reference to the school, but is occasionally used. Berkeley is unaffiliated with the [[Berklee College of Music]] or [[Berkeley College]]. However, UC Berkeley does share academic ties with [[Yale University]]; not only were many original Berkeley founders Yale graduates (see below), but the names, University of California, Berkeley, and [[Berkeley College (Yale)]], were both inspired by the intellectual contributions of the western philosopher, [[George Berkeley]].

==Academics==
[[File:Berkeley Seal.svg|thumb|upright|right|Secondary seal adopted by the campus in 1996<ref>http://identity.berkeley.edu/guidelines/seal/</ref>]]
Berkeley is a large, primarily residential research university with a majority of enrollments in undergraduate programs but also offers a comprehensive doctoral graduate program.<ref name="Carnegie">{{cite web|title=Carnegie Classifications: University of California-Berkeley|url=http://classifications.carnegiefoundation.org/lookup_listings/view_institution.php?unit_id=110635|publisher=Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching|accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> The university has been [[educational accreditation|accredited]] by the [[Western Association of Schools and Colleges]] Senior College and University Commission since 1949.<ref name="WASC">{{cite web|url=http://directory.wascsenior.org/university-california-berkeley |title=Statement of Accreditation Status: University of California at Berkeley |publisher=Western Association of Schools and Colleges |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> The university operates on a semester academic calendar with Fall semester running from late August through early December and Spring semester running from mid-January through mid-May.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://registrar.berkeley.edu/CalendarDisp.aspx?terms=current |title=UC Berkeley Academic Calendar |publisher=Office of the Registrar, UC Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> Berkeley offers 106 Bachelor's degrees, 88 Master's degrees, 97 research-focused doctoral programs, and 31 professionally-focused graduate degrees.<ref name="Degree totals">{{cite web|url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/academicprograms/degreesOffered/DegProgCountByCollForWeb.pdf |title=Degrees Offered at the University of California, Berkeley |date=July 1, 2011 |publisher=Office of Planning and Analysis, UC-Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> The university awarded a total of 7,526 Bachelor's, 2,164 Master's, and 1,264 Doctoral degrees in 2012.<ref name="Undergrad profile">{{cite web|url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/UndergraduateProfile.pdf |title=Undergraduate Profile |publisher=UC-Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref>

===Undergraduate programs===
The four-year, full-time undergraduate program has a focus on the arts and sciences with a high level of co-existence in undergraduate and graduate programs. Freshman admission is selective but there are high levels of transfer-in.<ref name="Carnegie"/> 106 Bachelor's degrees are offered across the Haas School of Business (1), College of Chemistry (5), College of Engineering (20), College of Environmental Design (3), College of Letters and Science (67), College of Natural Resources (10), and other individual majors (2).<ref name="Degree totals"/> The most popular majors are Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Political Science, Molecular and Cell Biology, Environmental Science, and Economics.<ref name="Facts">{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/about/fact.shtml |title=Berkeley Facts |publisher=UC-Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref>

Requirements for undergraduate degrees come from four sources: the University of California system, the Berkeley campus, the college or school, and the department. These requirements include an entry-level writing requirement before enrollment (typically fulfilled by minimum scores on standardized admissions exams such as the SAT or ACT, completing coursework on "American History and Institutions" before or after enrollment by taking an introductory class, passing an "American Cultures Breadth" class at Berkeley, as well as requirements for reading and composition and specific requirements declared by the department and school.<ref name="Undergrad requirements">{{cite web|url=http://catalog.berkeley.edu/undergrad/requirements.html |title=General Catalog - Undergraduate Degree Requirements |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> Three-hour final examinations are required in most undergraduate classes and take place over a week following the last day of instruction in mid-December for the Fall semester and in mid-May for the Spring semester.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://catalog.berkeley.edu/policies/exams.html |title=Midterm and Final Examinations |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> [[Academic grading in the United States|Academic grades]] are reported on a five-letter scale (A,B,C,D,F) with grade points being modified by three-tenths of point for pluses and minuses.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://catalog.berkeley.edu/policies/grades.html |title=Grades |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> Requirements for [[Latin honors|academic honors]] are specified by individual schools and colleges, scholarly prizes are typically awarded by departments, and students are elected to honor societies based on these organizations' criteria.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://catalog.berkeley.edu/undergrad/honors.html |title=Academic Honors, Prizes, and Scholarships |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref>

===Graduate and professional programs===
Berkeley has a "comprehensive" graduate program with high coexistence with the programs offered to undergraduates, but no medical school.<ref name="Carnegie"/> The university offers graduate degrees in Master's of Art, Master's of Science, Master's of Fine Art, and [[Ph.D.]]s in addition to professional degrees such as the [[Juris Doctor]] and [[Master of Business Administration]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://catalog.berkeley.edu/grad/degrees.html |title=Graduate Degrees and Certificates |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> The university awarded 887 doctoral degrees and 2,506 Master's degrees in 2012.<ref name="Graduate profile"/> Admission to graduate programs is decentralized; applicants apply directly to the department or degree program. Most graduate students are supported by fellowships, teach assistantships, or research assistantships.<ref name="Graduate profile"/>
The 2010 [[United States National Research Council Rankings]] identified UC Berkeley as having the highest number of top-ranked doctoral programs in the nation.<ref>{{cite web|title=2010 Rankings: Doctoral Programs in America|url=http://chronicle.com/page/NRC-Rankings/321/|publisher=''The Chronicle of Higher Education''|accessdate=April 21, 2012}}</ref> UC Berkeley doctoral programs that received a #1 ranking include Agricultural and Resource Economics, Astrophysics, Chemistry, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Computer Science, English, Epidemiology, German, Mathematics, Mechanical Engineering, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Genetics, Genomics, and Development, Physics, Plant Biology, and Political Science. UC Berkeley was also the #1 recipient of [[NSF-GRF|National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowships]] between 2001 and 2010, with 1,333 awards.<ref name="Graduate profile">{{cite web|title=Berkeley Graduate Profile|url=http://grad.berkeley.edu/news/berkeley_graduate_profile.shtml#nrc|publisher=UC Berkeley|accessdate=April 21, 2012}}</ref>

===Faculty and research===
{{Main|List of UC Berkeley faculty|Research centers and laboratories at UC Berkeley|List of Nobel laureates associated with University of California, Berkeley}}
[[File:UCB-Reserved-For-NL.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Seventy-two [[Nobel Laureates]] have been university faculty, alumni or researchers. Special signs indicate campus parking spaces reserved for the Laureates.]]
Berkeley is a research university with a "very high" level of research activity.<ref name="Carnegie"/> There are 1,582 full-time and 500 part-time faculty members dispersed among more than 130 academic departments and more than 80 interdisciplinary research units.{{citation needed|date=February 2013}} Berkeley's current faculty includes 227 [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] Fellows, 3 Fields Medal winners, 83 [[Fulbright Scholars]], 139 [[Guggenheim Fellows]], 87 members of the [[National Academy of Engineering]], 132 members of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]], 8 Nobel Prize winners, 3 Pulitzer Prize winners, 84 [[Sloan Fellows]], 7 Wolf Prize winners and 1 [[Pritzker Prize]] winner.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/about/honors/ |title=About UC Berkeley: Honors and Awards |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date=|accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> 72 Nobel Laureates have been affiliated with the university as faculty, alumni or researchers, the most of any public university in the United States and sixth most of any university in the world.

===Rankings and reputation===
{{Infobox US university ranking
| THES_W = 8
| ARWU_W = 3
| CWUR_W = 10
| QS_W = 25
| HRLR_W = 6
| Forbes = 22
| USNWR_NU = 20
| ARWU_N = 3
| Wamo_NU = 5
}}
Berkeley was listed as a "[[Public Ivy]]" in Richard Mull's 1985 ''Public Ivies''.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=lV8QJDzrcSoC&q=Illinois#v=snippet&q=Illinois&f=false Greenes' Guide to Educational Planning:The Public Ivies - Howard Greene, Matthew W. Greene - Google Boeken]. Books.google.com. Retrieved on 2013-08-07.</ref> In the [[World Reputation Rankings|2013 Times Higher Education World Reputation Rankings]] Berkeley was ranked the world's 5th most prestigious university and one of six globally recognized "super brands."<ref name="Top Universities by Reputation">{{cite web |url= http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/2013/reputation-ranking |title=Top Universities by Reputation|year=2013 |publisher=''Times Higher Education''|accessdate=March 4, 2013}}</ref> Among world universities, Berkeley had the 2nd highest number of academic programs rated in the Top Ten in their field by QS.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2013 |title=QS World University Rankings - 2013|accessdate = 09/10/2013}}</ref> In 2009 the Center for Measuring University Performance placed Berkeley 9th among national research universities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mup.asu.edu/research2009.pdf |format=PDF|title=The Top American Research Universities: 2009 Annual Report |page=8 |year=2009 |accessdate=August 17, 2010}}</ref> In 2013 ''[[Kiplinger]]'' ranked Berkeley 8th out of the top 100 best-value public colleges and universities in the nation, and 2nd in California.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.kiplinger.com/tool/college/T014-S001-kiplinger-s-best-values-in-public-colleges/index.php |work=[[Kiplinger's Personal Finance|Kiplinger]] |title=Kiplinger's Best Values in Public Colleges |date=2013-01-15}}</ref> ''[[The Princeton Review]]'' ranks Berkeley as a "college with a conscience"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.princetonreview.com/college/research/conscience/|title=Colleges with a Conscience|year=2008|accessdate=April 25, 2008|publisher=''The Princeton Review''}}</ref> and the 5th best value in public colleges.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.princetonreview.com/college/research/bestvalue/bestValue.asp?|title=America's Best Value Colleges|year=2008|accessdate=April 25, 2008|publisher=''The Princeton Review''}}</ref> Berkeley was ranked as the number 1 public university in the world by US News and World Report in 2013, marking its 16th consecutive year as the top public university.

==Campus==
{{Main|Campus of the University of California, Berkeley}}
The Berkeley campus encompasses approximately {{convert|1232|acre|ha}}, though the "central campus" occupies only the low-lying western {{convert|178|acre|ha}} of this area. Of the remaining {{convert|1000|acre|ha}}, approximately {{convert|200|acre|ha}} are occupied by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; other facilities above the main campus include the [[Lawrence Hall of Science]] and several research units, notably the [[Space Sciences Laboratory]], the [[Mathematical Sciences Research Institute]], an undeveloped {{convert|800|acre|ha|adj=on}} ecological preserve, the [[University of California Botanical Garden]] and a recreation center in Strawberry Canyon. Portions of the mostly undeveloped eastern area of the campus is actually within the [[Oakland, California|City of Oakland]]; the northernmost eastern corner of Oakland extends from the [[Claremont Resort]] north through the [[Panoramic Hill, Oakland/Berkeley, California|Panoramic Hill]] neighborhood to [[Tilden Regional Park|Tilden Park]].

To the west of the central campus is the [[Downtown Berkeley, California|downtown business district of Berkeley]]; to the northwest is the neighborhood of North Berkeley, including the so-called [[Gourmet ghetto|Gourmet Ghetto]], a commercial district known for high quality dining due to the presence of such world-renowned restaurants as [[Chez Panisse]]. Immediately to the north is a quiet residential neighborhood known as [[Northside, Berkeley, California|Northside]] with a large graduate student population;<ref name=berk-post-doc>{{cite web|title=Moving to Berkeley|url=http://postdoc.berkeley.edu/node/28|publisher=Berkeley Postdoctoral Association|accessdate=29 February 2012}}</ref> situated north of that are the upscale residential neighborhoods of the [[Berkeley Hills]]. Immediately southeast of campus lies fraternity row, and beyond that the [[Clark Kerr Campus]] and an upscale residential area named [[Claremont, Oakland/Berkeley, California|Claremont]]. The [[Southside, Berkeley, California|area south of the university]] includes student housing and [[Telegraph Avenue]], one of Berkeley's main shopping districts with stores, street vendors and restaurants catering to college students and tourists. In addition, the University also owns land to the northwest of the main campus, a {{convert|90|acre|ha|sing=on}} married student housing complex in the nearby town of Albany ("Albany Village" and the "Gill Tract"), and a field research station several miles to the north in [[Richmond, California]].

Outside of the Bay Area, the University owns various research laboratories and research forests in both northern and southern Sierra Nevada.

===Architecture===
[[File:South Hall--UC Berkeley--Panoramic.jpg|thumb|right|[[South Hall (UC Berkeley)|South Hall]] (1873), one of the two original buildings of the University of California, still stands on the Berkeley campus]]

What is considered the historic campus today was the result of the 1898 "International Competition for the [[Phoebe Hearst]] Architectural Plan for the University of California," funded by [[William Randolph Hearst]]'s mother and initially held in the Belgian city of [[Antwerp]]; eleven finalists were judged again in San Francisco in 1899.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/uchistory/archives_exhibits/online_exhibits/romapacifica/index.html |title=Online Exhibit on the Hearst Architectural Competition |publisher=Sunsite.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> The winner was Frenchman [[Émile Bénard]], however he refused to personally supervise the implementation of his plan and the task was subsequently given to architecture professor [[John Galen Howard]]. Howard designed over twenty buildings, which set the tone for the campus up until its expansion in the 1950s and 1960s. The structures forming the “classical core” of the campus were built in the [[Beaux-Arts architecture|Beaux-Arts]] Classical style, and include [[Hearst Greek Theatre]], [[Hearst Memorial Mining Building]], [[Doe Memorial Library]], California Hall, [[Wheeler Hall]], (Old) Le Conte Hall, Gilman Hall, Haviland Hall, Wellman Hall, [[Sather Gate]], and the {{convert|307|ft|m|0|sing=on}} [[Sather Tower]] (nicknamed "the Campanile" after its architectural inspiration, [[St Mark's Campanile]] in Venice). Buildings he regarded as temporary, nonacademic, or not particularly "serious" were designed in shingle or [[Collegiate Gothic in North America|Collegiate Gothic]] styles; examples of these are North Gate Hall, Dwinelle Annex, and Stephens Hall. Many of Howard's designs are recognized [[California Historical Landmark]]s<ref>{{cite ohp |id=946 |name=University of California, Berkeley Campus |accessdate=2012-03-30}}</ref> and are listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].

Built in 1873 in a [[Victorian architecture|Victorian]] [[Second Empire architecture|Second-Empire-style]], South Hall is the oldest university building in California. It, and the [[Frederick Law Olmsted]]-designed [[Piedmont Avenue (Berkeley)|Piedmont Avenue]] east of the main campus, are the only remnants from the original University of California before John Galen Howard's buildings were constructed. Other architects whose work can be found in the campus and surrounding area are [[Bernard Maybeck]]<ref name=mccoy>{{cite book | first =Esther | authorlink =Esther McCoy | title =Five California Architects | publisher =Reinhold Publishing Corporation |year=1960 | location =New York | page =6 | id =ASIN B000I3Z52W last =McCoy}}</ref> (best known for the [[Palace of Fine Arts]] in San Francisco), Maybeck's student [[Julia Morgan]] (Hearst Women's Gymnasium), [[Charles Willard Moore]] (Haas School of Business) and [[Joseph Esherick (architect)|Joseph Esherick]] (Wurster Hall).

===Natural features===
[[File:Strawberry Creek near Dwinelle Hall.jpg|thumb| The south fork of [[Strawberry Creek]], as seen between Dwinelle Hall and Lower Sproul Plaza.]]
Flowing into the main campus are two branches of [[Strawberry Creek]]. The south fork enters a culvert upstream of the recreational complex at the mouth of Strawberry Canyon and passes beneath [[California Memorial Stadium]] before appearing again in Faculty Glade. It then runs through the center of the campus before disappearing underground at the west end of campus. The north fork appears just east of [[University House, Berkeley|University House]] and runs through the glade north of the Valley Life Sciences Building, the original site of the Campus Arboretum.

Trees in the area date from the founding of the University in the 1870s. The campus, itself, contains numerous wooded areas; including: [[Founders' Rock]], Faculty Glade, Grinnell Natural Area, and the [[Eucalyptus]] Grove, which is both the tallest stand of such trees in the world and the tallest stand of hardwood trees in North America.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://strawberrycreek.berkeley.edu/tour/08eucalyptus.html |title=UC Berkeley Strawberry Creek |publisher=Strawberrycreek.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

The campus sits on the [[Hayward Fault]], which runs directly through California Memorial Stadium.<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://seismo.berkeley.edu/hayward/ucb_campus.html
|title=Hayward Fault: UC Berkeley
|publisher=seismo.berkeley.edu
|accessdate=April 13, 2008
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref> There is ongoing construction to retrofit the stadium. The "treesit" protest revolved around the controversy of clearing away trees by the stadium to build the new Student Athlete High Performance Center. As the stadium sits directly on the fault, this raised campus concerns of the safety of student athletes in the event of an earthquake as they train in facilities under the stadium stands.<ref>{{cite web|author=|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2007/08/29_stadium.shtml |title=Campus provides updates on Memorial Stadium Project and Student-Athlete High Performance Center |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date=2007-08-29 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

===Environmental record===
Two committees and the Office of Sustainability at UC Berkeley work formally to implement sustainability initiatives on campus. The university encourages green purchasing when possible including installing energy-efficient technologies around campus such as steam trap systems and economizers.<ref name="greenreportcard1">{{cite web |url=http://www.greenreportcard.org/report-card-2011/schools/university-of-california-berkeley |title=The College Sustainability Report Card |publisher=Greenreportcard.org}}</ref>
UC Berkeley has a green building policy. Two buildings on campus are LEED certified, and six others meet LEED standards. Multiple building spaces have been repurposed for alternative use, and almost all waste from construction projects is diverted from landfills. Water conservation technologies have been installed across campus, and the university employs a variety of techniques to manage storm water.<ref name="greenreportcard1"/> UC Berkeley heats, cools, and powers its lab equipment utilizing power from an on-campus natural gas plant.<ref>[http://www.olympuspower.com/project_portfolio/current_projects/berkeley.php ]{{dead link|date=September 2013}}</ref> UC Berkeley's efforts toward [[sustainability]] earned the school a B on the College Sustainability Report Card; overall, the school's grades within the sections were high—it earned A's in the majority of the Report Card.

==Organization and administration==
The University of California is governed by a 26-member [[Board of Regents]], 18 of which are appointed by the [[Governor of California]] to 12-year terms, 7 serving as ''[[ex officio]]'' members, a single student regent and a non-voting student regent-designate.<ref name="Governance">{{cite web|url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/aboutuc/governance.html |title=About UC – Shared Governance |publisher=The University of California |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> The position of Chancellor was created in 1952 to lead individual campuses. The Board appointed [[Nicholas Dirks]] the 10th Chancellor of the university in 2013 after [[Robert J. Birgeneau]], originally appointed in 2004, announced his resignation.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2004/07/27_chancellor.shtml |title=Robert J. Birgeneau appointed UC Berkeley chancellor |publisher=UC Berkeley NewsCenter |date=July 27, 2004 |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> 12 vice chancellors report directly to the Chancellor. The Executive Vice Chancellor and Provost serves as the chief academic officer and is the office to which the deans of the 14 colleges and schools report.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/admin/pdf/senior.pdf |format=PDF|title=Organizational Chart – Senior Administration |publisher=UC Berkeley |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref>

[[File:Haas School of Business courtyard.jpg|thumb|right|[[Haas School of Business]]]]
Berkeley's 130-plus academic departments and programs are organized into 14 colleges and schools in addition to UC Berkeley Extension.<ref name="Facts">{{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/about/fact.shtml |title=Facts at a glance |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=May 24, 2010}}</ref> "Colleges" are both undergraduate and graduate, while "Schools" are generally graduate only, though some offer undergraduate majors, minors, or courses.
<div style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;">
* [[UC Berkeley College of Chemistry|College of Chemistry]]
* [[UC Berkeley College of Engineering|College of Engineering]]
* [[UC Berkeley College of Environmental Design|College of Environmental Design]]
* [[UC Berkeley College of Letters and Science|College of Letters and Science]]
* [[UC Berkeley College of Natural Resources|College of Natural Resources]]
* [[UC Berkeley Graduate School of Education|Graduate School of Education]]
* [[UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism|Graduate School of Journalism]]
* [[Haas School of Business]]
* [[Goldman School of Public Policy]]
* [[University of California, Berkeley School of Information|School of Information]]
* [[University of California, Berkeley School of Law|School of Law]] (Boalt Hall)
* [[UC Berkeley School of Optometry|School of Optometry]]
* [[UC Berkeley School of Public Health|School of Public Health]]
* [[UC Berkeley School of Social Welfare|School of Social Welfare]]
* UC Berkeley Extension
</div>

UC Berkeley does not have a [[medical school]]; however, the university offers the [[UC Berkeley – UCSF Joint Medical Program]] with the [[University of California, San Francisco]], a standalone medical school that is located nearby.

The 2006–2007 budget totaled $1.7 billion; 33% came from the State of California. In 2006–2007, 7,850 donors contributed $267.9 million and the endowment was valued at $2.89 billion.<ref name="Facts"/>

UC Berkeley employs 24,700 people directly and employees are permitted to unionize and are represented by [[AFSCME]], [[California Nurses Association]] (CNA), CUE-Teamsters Local 2010 (formerly the Coalition of University Employees (CUE)), [[UAW]], UC-AFT, and UPTE.<ref name="Facts"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://hrweb.berkeley.edu/hrlabor.htm |title=Human Resources – Unions, bargaining agreements, and labor relations |publisher=UC Berkeley |accessdate=November 30, 2008 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20080804055815/http://hrweb.berkeley.edu/hrlabor.htm |archivedate=August 4, 2008}}</ref>

===University finances===
{{see also|University of California finances}}
UC Berkeley receives funding from a variety of sources, including federal and state authorities, and private donors. With the exception of government contracts, public money is proportioned to UC Berkeley and the other 9 universities of the University of California system through the [[UC Office of the President]].

Due in part to the [[2008–11 California budget crisis]], the state of California has reduced its educational appropriations to the University of California.<ref>"http://newscenter.berkeley.edu/2011/12/13/californiastate-shortfall-triggers-100-million-cut-for-uc-2/"</ref> State educational appropriations such as general support given in the state's annual budget, and appropriations given to the state through the federal [[American Reinvestment and Recovery Act]] (ARRA) dropped $37M in 2010-11 from the previous calendar year. The university projects that state general support will drop from 15% to 11% of the university's total revenues in 2011-12. State budget shortfalls as well as rising costs in pensions have been cited by the university as two of the leading reasons for its current financial woes. During the formulation of the 2011-12 UC Berkeley budget, the university projected that it will have a $200M funding gap in the 5 years after that year's budget. In response to revenue shortfalls, the [[UC Regents]] have raised tuition, and the university is trying to increase the number of non-resident undergraduates, who will pay the more costly out-of-state tuition. Nearly 1/3rd of revenues from tuition and other student fees are returned to students as scholarships and fellowships.<ref>"http://controller.berkeley.edu/FINRPTS/2010-11/Master.pdf"</ref>

Cal has controversially borrowed $445 million to fund the $321 million renovation of seismically unsafe [[California Memorial Stadium|Memorial Stadium]] and construction of a new $153 million student athletic center,<ref name="Debt"/> both of which opened in 2012. (See Athletics section for additional details).

====Financial aid and scholarship programs====
{{Main|UC Berkeley financial aid}}
{{See also|Student financial aid in the United States}}

Students and prospective students of UC Berkeley are eligible for a variety of public and private financial aid. Most financial aid inquiries are processed through the [http://students.berkeley.edu/finaid/index.htm UC Berkeley Financial Aid and Scholarships Office]. Some graduate schools, such as the Haas School of Business<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/MBA/finaid/ |title=Full-Time MBA Financial Aid – Haas School of Business, University of California, Berkeley |publisher=Haas.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> and [[UC Berkeley School of Law]][http://www.law.berkeley.edu/58.htm] have their own financial aid offices.

===Student body===
{| style="text-align:center; float:right; font-size:85%; margin-left:2em; margin:10px" class="wikitable"
|+ ''Demographics of student body''<ref name="Calstats">{{cite web | title= Cal Stats Brochure | url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/undergraduateProfile.html | publisher= UCB Office of Planning and Analysis | accessdate=July 10, 2012|format=PDF}}</ref><ref>See [[Demographics of California]] and [[Demographics of the United States]] for references.</ref>
! !! Undergraduate !! Graduate !! California !! U.S. Census
|-
! [[African American]]
| 3.4% || 3.4% || 6.2% || 12.0%
|-
! [[Asian American]]
| 39.2% || 17.8% || 13% || 4.7%
|-
! [[White American]]
| 29.0% || 38.0% || 40.1% || 63.7%
|-
! [[Hispanics in the United States|Hispanic American]]
| 12.6% || 7.1% || 37.6% || 16.3%
|-
! [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]]
| 0.8% || 1.1% || 1% || 0.7%
|-
! [[International student]]
| 10.4% || 20.3% || N/A || N/A
|-
! Other/Unknown
| 4.7% || 11.9% || 2.1% || 2.4%
|}
Berkeley enrolled 25,574 undergraduate and 10,125 graduate students in Fall 2012.<ref name="Total Enrollment by Level, Gender, and Ethnicity"/> Women make up 52.3% of undergraduate enrollments and 45.5% graduate and professional students.<ref name="Total Enrollment by Level, Gender, and Ethnicity"/> 82% of undergraduates and 43% of graduate and professional students are California residents.<ref name="Calstats"/> In the wake of [[Proposition 209]], the plurality of Asian American students and under-representation of African-American and Hispanic students has received national attention.<ref>{{Cite news | last=Timothy | first=Egan | title=Little Asia on the Hill | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/07/education/edlife/07asian.html | date=January 7, 2007 | newspaper=[[New York Times]] | accessdate=January 16, 2008 | postscript=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=U.S. Probing Possible Asian Bias at UCLA, UC Berkeley |publisher=Los Angeles Times |date=November 18, 1988 |last=Woo |first=Elaine |page=3}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/affirm/stories/aa031196.htm |title=Struggling to Maintain Diversity |last=Sanchez |first=Rene |date=March 11, 1996 |publisher=The Washington Post |page=A01 |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.newsweek.com/id/86134 |title=Berkeley's New Colors |publisher=Newsweek |date=September 18, 2000 |accessdate=November 30, 2008 |first=Kevin |last=Peraino}}</ref>
{| style="float:right; margin:10px" "text-align:center; font-size:85%; margin:auto;" class="wikitable"
|+ ''First-Time Freshman Profile''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/cds/index.html |title=Common Data Set |publisher=Opa.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2013-06-28}}</ref><ref>http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2013/fall_2013_admissions_table1.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2013/fall_2013_applications_table1.pdf</ref>
|-
!   !! 2013 (preliminary) !!2012 !! 2011 !! 2010 !! 2009 !! 2008
|-
! Applicants
| <center>67,658</center>|| 61,731 || 52,966 || 50,393 || 48,650 || 48,461
|-
! Admits
|<center>14,101</center>|| 11,130 || 11,441 || 10,844 || 10,528 || 10,474
|-
! % Admitted
| <center>20.8</center> || <center>18.0</center> ||<center>21.6</center> || <center>21.5</center> || <center>21.6</center> || <center>21.6</center>
|-
! Enrolled
| || <center>4,162</center>|| <center>4,443</center>|| <center>4,109</center> || <center>4,356</center>|| <center>4,261</center>
|-
! Average GPA
| || <center>3.84</center> ||<center>3.83</center> || <center>3.84</center> || <center>3.80</center> || <center>3.90</center>
|}

Berkeley received 77,485 freshmen and transfer applications for admission to the undergraduate program in Fall 2012; 14,527 were admitted (18.7%).<ref name=CommonDataSet>{{cite web |url=http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/cds/2012-2013.pdf |title=University of California, Berkeley Common Data Set 2012-2013, Parts C & D |publisher=University of California, Berkeley}}</ref> Of the Fall 2011 cohort, 97% of freshmen enrolled the next year. The four-year graduation rate for the Fall 2007 cohort was 61%, and the six-year rate was 88%.<ref name="Calstats"/><ref name="CN">{{cite web|url=http://nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/?q=Berkeley&s=all&id=110635 |title=College Navigator – University of California-Berkeley |publisher=National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education |accessdate=November 30, 2008}}</ref> Admitted freshman applicants had an average high school GPA of 4.16, an average ACT Composite score of 30, and an average combined SAT score of 2067 (average SAT scores of 674 for Critical Reading, 701 for Mathematics, and 692 for Writing).<ref>{{cite web |title=UC Berkeley Freshman Admission Profile |url=http://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/campuses/berkeley/freshman-profile/index.html |accessdate=2012-11-15 |work=University of California}}</ref> Berkeley's enrollment of [[National Merit Scholarship Program|National Merit Scholars]] was third in the nation until 2002, when participation in the National Merit program was discontinued.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/article/7323 |date=July 13, 2005 |publisher=University of California Newsroom |title=Six UC campuses to redirect national merit funding to other merit-based scholarships}}</ref> 31% of admitted students receive federal [[Pell grant]]s.<ref>{{Cite news | title=Economic Diversity Among All National Universities | url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/usnews/edu/college/rankings/brief/natudoc_ecodiv_brief.php | newspaper=[[US News and World Report]]| accessdate= August 10, 2007 | postscript=}}</ref>

There were 18,231 applications to masters programs with 20% admitted and 14,361 applications to doctoral program with 16% admitted.<ref name="Calstats"/>

[[File:UCB-University-Library.jpg|thumb|right|The north side of Doe Library with Memorial Glade in the foreground.]]

===Library system===
{{Main| University of California, Berkeley Library System}}
Berkeley's 32 libraries tie together to make the fourth largest academic library in the United States surpassed only by [[Harvard University Library]], [[Yale University Library]] and [[University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign]] Library.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arl.org/bm~doc/arlstat08.pdf |title=Search Publications | Association of Research Libraries® | ARL® |publisher=Arl.org |date= |accessdate=2013-06-28}}</ref> However, considering the relative sizes and ages of these University libraries, Berkeley's collections have been growing about as fast as those at Harvard and Yale combined: specifically, 1.8 times faster than Harvard, and 1.9 times faster than Yale. In 2003, the [[Association of Research Libraries]] ranked it as the top public and third overall university library in North America based on various statistical measures of quality.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2002/06/20_libry.html |title=06.20.2002 – UC Berkeley library is top-ranked among North American public university research libraries |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date=2002-06-20 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> As of 2006, Berkeley's library system contains over 11 [[million]] volumes and maintains over 70,000 serial titles.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/news_events/whats-new.html |title=What's New in the Library |publisher=Lib.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> The libraries together cover over {{convert|12|acre|ha}} of land and form one of the largest library complexes in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/97legacy/gard.html |title=New addition to UC Berkeley Main Library dedicated to former UC President David Gardner |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date=1997-06-12 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> Doe Library serves as the library system's reference, periodical, and administrative center, while most of the main collections are housed in the subterranean Gardner Main Stacks and Moffitt Undergraduate Library. The [[Bancroft Library]], with holdings of over 400,000 printed volumes, maintains a collection that documents the history of the western part of North America, with an emphasis on California, Mexico and Central America.

==Student life and traditions==
[[File:UCBerkeleyCampanileSatherGate.jpg|thumb|Sather gate and Sather tower (the Campanile) from Sproul Plaza on the UC Berkeley campus]]
The official university mascot is [[Oski|Oski the Bear]], who debuted in 1941. Previously, live bear cubs were used as mascots at Memorial Stadium. It was decided in 1940 that a costumed mascot would be a better alternative to a live bear. Named after the [[The Oski Yell|Oski-wow-wow]] yell, he is cared for by the Oski Committee, whose members have exclusive knowledge of the identity of the costume-wearer.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://calbears.collegesports.com/trads/cal-m-fb-mas.html |title=California Golden Bears – Traditions |publisher=Calbears.collegesports.com |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

The [[University of California Marching Band]], which has served the university since 1891, performs at every home football game and at select road games as well. A smaller subset of the Cal Band, the Straw Hat Band, performs at basketball games, volleyball games, and other campus and community events.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://calband.berkeley.edu/about-us/ |title=University of California Marching Band ~ About Us |publisher=Calband.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2013-06-29}}</ref>

The UC Rally Committee, formed in 1901, is the official guardian of California's Spirit and Traditions. Wearing their traditional blue and gold rugbies, Rally Committee members can be seen at all major sporting and spirit events. Committee members are charged with the maintenance of the five Cal flags, the large California banner overhanging the Memorial Stadium Student Section and [[Haas Pavilion]], the California Victory Cannon, Card Stunts and [[The Big "C"]] among other duties. The Rally Committee is also responsible for safekeeping of the [[Stanford Axe]] when it is in Cal's possession.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ucrc.berkeley.edu/ |title=UC Rally Committee | Home |publisher=Ucrc.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> The Chairman of the Rally Committee holds the title "Custodian of the Axe" while it is in the Committee's care.

Overlooking the main Berkeley campus from the foothills in the east, The Big "C" is an important symbol of California school spirit. The Big "C" has its roots in an early 20th-century campus event called "Rush," which pitted the freshman and sophomore classes against each other in a race up Charter Hill that often developed into a wrestling match. It was eventually decided to discontinue Rush and, in 1905, the freshman and sophomore classes banded together in a show of unity to build the Big "C".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/CalHistory/traditions.html |title=Days of Cal | Bear Traditions |publisher=Sunsite.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> Owing to its prominent position, the Big "C" is often the target of pranks by rival [[Stanford University]] students who paint the Big "C" red and also fraternities and sororities who paint it their organization's colors. One of the Rally Committee's functions is to repaint the Big "C" to its traditional color of King Alfred Yellow.

Cal students invented the college football tradition of [[card stunts]]. Then known as Bleacher Stunts, they were first performed during the 1910 [[Big Game (football)|Big Game]] and consisted of two stunts: a picture of the Stanford Axe and a large blue "C" on a white background. The tradition continues today in the Cal [[student section]] and incorporates complicated motions, for example tracing the Cal script logo on a blue background with an imaginary yellow pen.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://calbears.collegesports.com/trads/cal-m-fb-tour.html |title=California Golden Bears – Traditions |publisher=Calbears.collegesports.com |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

The California Victory Cannon, placed on [[Tightwad Hill]] overlooking the stadium, is fired before every football home game, after every score, and after every Cal victory. First used in the 1963 Big Game, it was originally placed on the sidelines before moving to Tightwad Hill in 1971. The only time the cannon ran out of ammunition was during a game against [[University of the Pacific (United States)|Pacific]] in 1991, when Cal scored 12 touchdowns.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://calbears.collegesports.com/trads/victory-cannon.html |title=California Golden Bears – Traditions |publisher=Calbears.collegesports.com |date=1991-09-07 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

Other traditions have included events that span only a few years. William (or Willie) the Polka Dot Man was a performance artist who frequented Sproul Plaza during the late 1970s and early 1980s.<ref name="autogenerated3">{{cite web|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/berkeleyan/2002/08/15_foley.html |title=The quintessential campus cop |publisher=Berkeley.edu |date=2002-08-15 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> The Naked Guy (now deceased<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2006-05-21-naked-guy-dies_x.htm | work=USA Today | title=Former Berkeley student known as 'Naked Guy' dies in jail | date=May 21, 2006 | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}</ref>) and Larry the Drummer, who performed Batman tunes, appeared in the late 1980s and early 1990s.<ref name="autogenerated3" />

A few current traditions include streaking during finals week in the Main Stacks, the Happy Happy Man, and [[Stoney Burke]].

===Student housing===
Students at UC Berkeley live in a variety of housing that cater to personal and academic preferences and styles. The university offers two years of guaranteed housing for entering freshmen, and one year for entering transfer students. The immediately surrounding community offers apartments, Greek (fraternity and sorority) housing and cooperative housing, twenty of which are houses that are members of the [[Berkeley Student Cooperative]].

====University housing====
{{Main|Housing at the University of California, Berkeley}}

[[File:Cunningham-Towle.jpg|thumb|Cunningham Hall and the newly built Towle Hall, part of the Unit 2 residence hall complex]] The university runs twelve different residence halls, ranging from undergraduate residence halls (both themed and non-themed) and family student housing, to re-entry student housing and optional international student housing at the [[International House Berkeley|International House]]. Undergraduate residence halls are located off-campus in the city of Berkeley. Units 1, 2 and 3, located on the south side of campus, offer [[high-rise]] accommodations with common areas on every other floor. These three residential high-rises share a common dining hall, called Crossroads. Further away and also on the south side of campus is Clark Kerr, an undergraduate residence hall complex that houses many student athletes and was once a school for the deaf and blind.

[[File:Bowles.jpg|thumb|left|[[Bowles Hall]] at the 2003 Homecoming and Parents Weekend]]In the foothills east of the central campus, there are three additional undergraduate residence hall complexes: Foothill, Stern, and Bowles. Foothill is a co-ed suite-style hall reminiscent of a Swiss chalet. According to the Chancellor, it is considered one of the best residence halls at UC Berkeley. Just south of Foothill, overlooking the Hearst Greek Theatre, is the all-women's traditional-style Stern Hall, which boasts an original mural by [[Diego Rivera]]. Because of their proximity to the [[UC Berkeley College of Engineering|College of Engineering]] and [[UC Berkeley College of Chemistry|College of Chemistry]], these residence halls often house science and engineering majors. They tend to be quieter than the southside complexes, but because of their location next to the theatre, often get free glimpses of concerts. [[Bowles Hall]], the oldest state-owned residence hall in California, is located immediately north of California Memorial Stadium. Dedicated in 1929 and on the National Register of Historic Places, this all-men's residence hall has large quad-occupancy rooms and has the appearance of a castle.

The Channing-Bowditch and Ida Jackson apartments are intended for older students.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.housing.berkeley.edu/livingatcal/channing_bowditch.html |title=Living at Cal 2012-2013, UC Berkeley Housing |publisher=Housing.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.housing.berkeley.edu/livingatcal/jackson_house.html |title=Jackson House |publisher=Housing.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> Family student housing consists of two main groups of housing: [[UC Village|University Village]] and Smyth-Fernwald. University Village is located three miles (5 km) north-west of campus in [[Albany, California]], and Smyth-Fernwald near the Clark Kerr campus.

====Cooperative housing====
Students in Berkeley have a number of cooperative housing options. The largest network of [[student housing cooperative]]s in the area is the Berkeley Student Cooperative (BSC).

{{Main|Berkeley Student Cooperative}}

Students of UC Berkeley, as well as students of other universities and colleges in the area, have the option of living in one of the twenty cooperative houses of the Berkeley Student Cooperative (BSC), formerly the University Students' Cooperative Association (USCA), and member of the national cooperative federation, [[North American Students of Cooperation|NASCO]]. The BSC is a [[nonprofit]] [[housing cooperative]] network consisting of 20 cooperative homes and 1250 member-owners.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bsc.coop/index.php |title=Home |publisher=Usca.org |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>
The USCA (as the BSC was known by at that time) was founded in 1933 by then-director of the [[YWCA]], [[Harry Kingman]]. The birth of the USCA, as well as many other cooperative organizations around the country, coincided with the [[Great Depression]] precisely as a response to scant resources. By living together in large houses and pooling together resources, members found that their monetary resources could go further to pay for their cost of living than living separately.
In the 1960s, the USCA pioneered the first co-ed university housing in Berkeley, called the Ridge Project (later renamed [[Casa Zimbabwe]]). In 1975, the USCA founded its first and only vegetarian-themed house, Lothlorien. In 1997, the USCA opened its African-American theme house, Afro House, and in 1999 its [[LGBT]]-themed house, named after queer Irish author and poet [[Oscar Wilde]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bsc.coop/who-we-are/history |title=BSC history |publisher=Usca.org |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

Notable alumni of the BSC include [[Marion Nestle]], professor at [[New York University]] and author of Food Politics, and [[Beverly Cleary]].

====Fraternities and sororities====
{{Main|List of fraternities and sororities at University of California, Berkeley}}

===Student-run organizations===

====Student government====
The Associated Students of the University of California (ASUC) is the [[student government]] organization that controls funding for student groups and organizes on-campus student events. It is considered one of the most autonomous student governments at any [[public university]] in the U.S. The two main political parties are "Student Action"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.studentaction.org |title=Student Action Webpage |publisher=Studentaction.org |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> and "CalSERVE."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.calserve.org |title=CalSERVE Webpage |publisher=Calserve.org |date= |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> The organization was founded in 1887 and has a budget of $1.6 million.

The ASUC's Student Union Program, Entertainment, and Recreation Board (SUPERB) is a student-run, non-profit branch dedicated to providing entertainment for the campus and community. Founded in 1964, SUPERB's programming includes the Friday Film Series, free Noon Concerts on Lower Sproul Plaza, Comedy Competitions, Poker Tournaments, free Sneak Previews of upcoming movies, and more.

====Communications media====
UC Berkeley's student-run online television station, [[CalTV]], was formed in 2005 and broadcasts online. It is run by students with a variety of backgrounds and majors.

UC Berkeley's independent student-run newspaper is ''[[The Daily Californian]]''. Founded in 1871, ''The Daily Cal'' became independent in 1971 after the campus administration fired three senior editors for encouraging readers to take back [[People's Park (Berkeley)|People's Park]].

Berkeley's FM [[Student radio station]], [[KALX]], broadcasts on 90.7 MHz. It is run largely by volunteers, including both students and community members.

Berkeley also features an assortment of student-run magazines, most notably Caliber Magazine. Founded in 2008, [http://www.calibermag.org Caliber Magazine] promotes itself as "the everything magazine" by featuring articles and blogs on a wide range of topics. It has been voted "Best Magazine on Campus" by the readers of the Daily Cal<ref>{{cite web|title=Best of Berkeley: Best of Campus|url=http://www.dailycal.org/2012/04/19/best-of-berkeley-best-of-campus/|publisher=The Daily Californian|accessdate=12/6/2012}}</ref> as well as "Best Publication on Campus" by the ASUC. The magazine comes either in hard copy available at Cal Dining locations or in a digital copy that can be found at their website, [http://www.calibermag.org calibermag.org].

====Student groups====
[[File:Cal band.JPG|thumb|Cal Straw Hat Band (a smaller subset of the Cal Band) playing at [[SeaWorld San Diego|SeaWorld]] in [[San Diego, California]]]]
UC Berkeley has over 1700 established student groups.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}

UC Berkeley has a reputation for [[student activism]], stemming from the 1960s and the Free Speech Movement. Today, Berkeley is known as a lively campus with activism in many forms, from email petitions, presentations on [[Sproul Plaza]] and volunteering, to the occasional protest. During the 2006–2007 school year, there were 94 political student groups on campus including Berkeley MEChA, Berkeley [[American Civil Liberties Union]], Berkeley Students for Life, Campus Greens, The Sustainability Team (STEAM), the [[Berkeley Student Food Collective]], Students for Sensible Drug Policy, Cal Berkeley Democrats, and the Berkeley College Republicans. Berkeley sends the most students to the [[Peace Corps]] of any university in the nation.<ref>[http://www.ucop.edu/pathways/infoctr/introuc/ucb.html Berkeley]{{dead link|date=June 2012}}</ref>

The Residence Hall Assembly (RHA) is the student-run residence hall organization that oversees all aspects of residence wide event planning, legislation, sponsorships and activities for over 6000 on-campus undergraduate residents. Founded in 1988 by the President's Council, it is now funded and supported by the Residential and Student Service Programs department on campus.

The Berkeley Group<ref>{{cite web|url=http://theberkeleygroup.org/ |title=The Berkeley Group |publisher=The Berkeley Group |date=2007-02-11 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref> is a student consulting organization affiliated with UC Berkeley and the Haas School of Business. Students of all majors are recruited and trained to work on pro-bono consulting engagements with real-life nonprofit clients.

ImagiCal has been the college chapter of the [[American Advertising Federation]] at Berkeley since the late 1980s. Every year, the team competes in the [[National Student Advertising Competition]]. Students from various backgrounds come together to work on a marketing case provided by the AAF and a corporate sponsor to college chapters across the nation. Most recently, the UC Berkeley team won in their region in 2005, 2009 and 2012, going on to win 4th and 3rd in the nation in 2005 and 2009, respectively.

Democratic Education at Cal, or DeCal, is a program that promotes the creation of professor-sponsored, student-facilitated classes through the Special Studies 98/198 program. DeCal arose out of the 1960s [[Free Speech movement]] and was officially established in 1981. The program offers around 150 courses on a vast range of subjects that appeal to the Berkeley student community, including classes on the [[Rubik's Cube]], [[James Bond]], [[Batman]], the [[Iranian Revolution|The Iranian Revolution]], [[cooking]], [[Israeli folk dancing]], [[3D animation]], [[nuclear weapons]], and [[meditation]].

[[File:Berkeley DM 2009.JPG|thumb|left|[[Berkeley Dance Marathon|Dance Marathon]], one of the campus's student-led fundraising events.]]

There are many [[a cappella]] groups on campus; three groups include the [[UC Men's Octet]],the [[California Golden Overtones]],and Noteworthy, all members of the UC Choral Ensembles. The [[UC Men's Octet]] is an eight-member a cappella group founded in 1948 featuring a repertoire of barbershop, doo-wop, contemporary pop, modern alternative, and fight songs. They are one of only two multiple time champions of the [[International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella|ICCA]], having won the championship in both 1998 and 2000. The California Golden Overtones, founded in 1984, have a very similar repertoire to the Octet. Noteworthy competed in Season 5 of America's Got Talent. It is a tradition for every Berkeley a cappella group to perform under the campus' iconic Sather Gate each week at different times during the week. In addition to a Capella, Berkeley is host to a myriad of other performing arts groups in comedy, dance, acting and instrumental music. A few examples include Jericho! Improv & Sketch Comedy, The Movement, Taiko drumming, BareStage student musical theater, the Remedy Music Project, and Main Stacks Competitive Hip Hop Dance Team.

Since 1967, students and staff jazz musicians have had an opportunity to perform and study with the [[University of California Jazz Ensembles]]. Under the direction of Dr. David W. Tucker, who was hired by the [[Cal Band]] as a composer, arranger, and associate director, but was later asked to direct the jazz ensembles as it grew in popularity and membership, the group grew rapidly from one big band to multiple big bands, numerous combos, and numerous instrumental classes with multiple instructors. For several decades it hosted the Pacific Coast Collegiate Jazz Festival, part of the American Collegiate Jazz Festival, a competitive forum for student musicians. PCCJF brought jazz luminaries such as [[Hubert Laws]], [[Sonny Rollins]], [[Freddie Hubbard]], and [[Ed Shaughnessy]] to the Berkeley campus as performers, clinicians, and adjudicators. The festival later included high school musicians. The jazz ensembles became an effective recruitment tool. Many high school musicians interested in strong academics as well as jazz found that the campus met both interests. Numerous alumni have had successful careers in jazz performance and education including [[Michael Wolff]] and [[Andy Narell]].

UC Berkeley also hosts a large number of conferences, talks, and musical and theatrical performances. Many of these events, including the Annual UC Berkeley Sociological Research Symposium, are completely planned and organized by undergraduate students. The Berkeley Forum is one such student group that organizes panels, debates, and talks by leading experts from a wide variety of fields.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://forum.berkeley.edu/ |title=The Berkeley Forum |publisher=Forum.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2013-06-28}}</ref>

===Athletics===
{{Main|California Golden Bears}}
UC Berkeley's sports teams compete in intercollegiate athletics as the California Golden Bears. They participate in the NCAA's Division I-A as a member of the Pacific-12 Conference. The official school colors, established in 1873 by a committee of students, are Yale Blue and California Gold.<ref name="Resource Guide: Student history">{{cite web|url=http://resource.berkeley.edu/r_html/104history.html|title=Resource Guide: Student history|publisher=University of California, Berkeley|accessdate=February 26, 2010}}</ref> Yale Blue was chosen because many of the university's founders were Yale University graduates (for example Henry Durant, the first university president), while California Gold was selected to represent the Golden State of California. The California Golden Bears have a long history of excellence in athletics, having won national titles in football, men's basketball, baseball, softball, men's and women's crew, men's gymnastics, men's tennis, men's and women's swimming, men's water polo, men's Judo, men's track, and men's rugby. In addition, Cal athletes have won numerous individual NCAA titles in track, gymnastics, swimming and tennis. On January 31, 2009, the school's [[Hurling]] club made athletic history by defeating Stanford in the first collegiate hurling match ever played on American soil.

California finished in first place<ref>http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/nacda/sports/directorscup/auto_pdf/Jan.pdf</ref> in the 2007–2008 Fall U.S. Sports Academy Directors' Cup standings (Now the [[NACDA Directors' Cup]]), a competition measuring the best overall collegiate athletic programs in the country, with points awarded for national finishes in NCAA sports. Cal finished the 2007-2008 competition in seventh place with 1119 points.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nacda.com/auto_pdf/p_hotos/s_chools/nacda/sports/directorscup/auto_pdf/FinalD1 |title=Director's Cup results07-08 |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=March 2, 2012}}</ref>
Most recently, California finished in third place in the 2010–11 NACDA Directors' Cup with 1219.50 points, finishing behind Stanford and Ohio State. This is California's highest ever finish in the Director's Cup.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thedirectorscup.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/finald1standings10-11-2.pdf |title=Director's Cup results10-11 |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=March 2, 2012}}</ref>

Cal's seismically unsafe [[California Memorial Stadium|Memorial Stadium]] reopened September, 2012 after a $321 million renovation. The university incurred a controversial $445 million of debt for the stadium and a new $153 million student athletic center, which it planned to finance with the sale of special stadium endowment seats. However, in June 2013 news surfaced that the university has had trouble selling the seats.<ref>{{cite web|last=Schwab |first=Frank |url=http://sports.yahoo.com/blogs/ncaaf-dr-saturday/cal-stadium-renovation-leaves-school-huge-debt-pay-173428997.html |title=Cal’s new stadium renovation leaves school with huge debt to pay off | Dr. Saturday - Yahoo! Sports |publisher=Sports.yahoo.com |date=2013-06-17 |accessdate=2013-06-28}}</ref> The roughly $18 million interest-only annual payments on the debt consumes 20 percent of Cal's athletics' budget; principal repayment begins in 2032 and is scheduled to conclude in 2113.<ref name="Debt">{{cite web|last=Asimov |first=Nanette |url=http://www.sfchronicle.com/collegesports/article/Cal-scrambling-to-cover-stadium-bill-4604221.php?t=7903d5abac47b02379 |title=Cal scrambling to cover stadium bill |publisher=''San Francisco Chronicle'' |date=2013-06-17 |accessdate=2013-07-20}}</ref>

====California – Stanford rivalry====
{{Main|Big Game (football)}}

[[File:2002 big game flags.jpg|thumb|right|UC Rally Committee running Cal flags across the Memorial Stadium field at the 2002 Big Game. (Note the Stanford visitors section on the left and the UC Berkeley alumni section on the right.)]]The Golden Bears' traditional arch-rivalry is with the Stanford Cardinal. The most anticipated sporting event between the two universities is the annual football game dubbed the Big Game, and it is celebrated with spirit events on both campuses. Since 1933, the winner of the Big Game has been awarded custody of [[the Stanford Axe]].

One of the most famous moments in Big Game history occurred during the 85th Big Game on November 20, 1982. In what has become known as "the band play" or simply [[The Play]], Cal scored the winning touchdown in the final seconds with a kickoff return that involved a series of laterals and the Stanford marching band rushing onto the field.

====National championships====
Berkeley teams have won national championships in baseball (2), men's basketball (2), men's crew (15), women's crew (3), football (5), men's golf (1), men's gymnastics (4), men's lacrosse (1), men's rugby (26), softball (1), men's swimming & diving (4), women's swimming & diving (3), men's tennis (1), men's track & field (1), and men's water polo (13).

==Notable alumni, faculty, and staff==
{{Further|List of University of California, Berkeley alumni|List of University of California, Berkeley faculty|List of Nobel laureates associated with the University of California, Berkeley}}
<gallery perrow="5">
Image:NixonBhutto1973 140x190.jpg|[[Zulfikar Ali Bhutto]], BA 1950,<ref>{{cite web|title=Zulfikar Ali Bhutto|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica Online|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/64265/Zulfikar-Ali-Bhutto}}</ref> 4th [[President of Pakistan]], 9th [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]]
Image:Earl Warren.jpg|[[Earl Warren]], BA 1912, JD 1914, 14th [[Chief Justice of the United States]] former [[Alameda County]] District Attorney; [[California Attorney General]]; 30th [[Governor of California]].
Image:Steven Chu official DOE portrait crop.jpg|[[Steven Chu]], PhD 1976, [[Nobel Prize|Nobel]] laureate and former [[United States Secretary of Energy]]
Image:Granholm speaking to troops, Lansing, 1 Dec, 2005.jpg|[[Jennifer Granholm]], BA 1984, First female [[Governor of Michigan]]
Image:Robert Reich, Policy Network, April 6 2009, detail.jpg|[[Robert Reich]], Professor of Public Policy, 22nd [[United States Secretary of Labor]]
Image:Christina Romer official portrait small.jpg|[[Christina Romer]], Professor of Economics, 25th [[Council of Economic Advisers|Chairperson of the President's Council of Economic Advisers]]
Image:Steve Wozniak.jpg|[[Steve Wozniak]], BS 1986, co-founder of [[Apple Computer]]
Image:Gordon Moore.jpg|[[Gordon Moore]], BS 1950, co-founder of [[semiconductor]] company [[Intel]]
Image: Eric E Schmidt, 2005 (looking left).jpg|[[Eric Schmidt]], MS 1979, PhD 1982, Executive Chairman of [[Google|Google Inc.]]
Image:JerryBrownByPhilKonstantin.jpg|[[Jerry Brown|Edmund Gerald "Jerry" Brown, Jr]], BA 1961, Governor of California, former [[California Attorney General]]
Image:Gregory Peck in Roman Holiday trailer cropped.jpg|[[Gregory Peck]], BA 1939, [[Academy Award]] winning actor
Image:Natalie Coughlin.png|[[Natalie Coughlin]], BA 2005, multiple gold medal winning Olympic swimmer
Image:Chamran.jpg|[[Mostafa Chamran]], Ph.D. 1963, Iranian scientist, Vice President and Defense Minister of [[Iran]]
Image:Crown Prince Håkon (50).jpg|[[Haakon Magnus, Crown Prince of Norway]], BA 1999<ref>"Her Norwegian heritage drew her to projects with the Norwegian Consulate in San Francisco and the Norwegian American Cultural Society, and she hosted a party for Crown Prince Haakon Magnus when he graduated from UC Berkeley in 1999."{{cite news|title=Sigrun Corrigan, Bay Area arts patron, dies|author=Carolyne Zinko|date=July 3, 2008|publisher=San Francisco Chronicle|url=http://articles.sfgate.com/2008-07-03/bay-area/17174224_1_mrs-corrigan-lsi-logic-ballet-san-jose}}</ref>
Image:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|[[Robert McNamara]], BA 1937, President of [[World Bank]] (1968–1981), [[United States Secretary of Defense]] (1961–1968), President of [[Ford Motor Company]] (1960)
File:Daniel KAHNEMAN.jpg|[[Daniel Kahneman]], PhD 1961, awarded the 2002 [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics]] for his work in [[Prospect theory]]
File:Harold Urey.jpg|[[Harold Urey]], PhD 1923, [[Nobel Prize|Nobel]] laureate and discoverer of [[deuterium]]
</gallery>
Kartar Singh Sarabha was an Indian revolutionary who was hanged till death by British rule
in 1915.
[[File:Douglas Engelbart in 2008.jpg|thumb|The [[computer mouse]] was invented by Turing Award laureate [[Doug Engelbart]], B. Eng. 1952, Ph.D. 1955]]
[[List of University of California, Berkeley alumni#Nobel laureates|26 alumni]] and [[List of University of California, Berkeley faculty#Nobel laureates|27 past and present full-time faculty]] are counted among the [[List of Nobel laureates associated with University of California, Berkeley|72 Nobel laureates associated with the university]]. The [[Turing Award]], the "Nobel Prize of computer science", has been awarded to [[List of University of California, Berkeley alumni#Turing Award laureates|nine alumni]] and [[List of University of California, Berkeley faculty#Turing Award|six past and present full-time faculty]].

[[Alumnus|Alumni]] have been involved in the field of [[politics]] and [[international relations]], one of whom is [[Nicholas A. Veliotes]] (1928-). Veliotes went on to become the Ambassador to the [[Country|countries]] of [[Jordan]] (1978–1981) and [[Egypt]] (1984–1986), among holding many other highly prestigious job titles and positions throughout his lengthy career.

Alumni have written novels and screenplays that have attracted Oscar-caliber talent. [[Irving Stone]] (BA 1923) wrote the novel ''[[Lust for Life (novel)|Lust for Life]]'', which was later made into an Academy Award–winning [[Lust for Life (film)|film of the same name]] starring [[Kirk Douglas]] as [[Vincent van Gogh]]. Stone also wrote ''[[The Agony and the Ecstasy (novel)|The Agony and the Ecstasy]]'', which was later made into a [[The Agony and the Ecstasy (film)|film of the same name]] starring Oscar winner [[Charlton Heston]] as [[Michelangelo]]. [[Mona Simpson (novelist)|Mona Simpson]] (BA 1979) wrote the novel ''[[Anywhere But Here (film)|Anywhere But Here]]'', which was later made into a film of the same name starring Oscar-winning actress [[Susan Sarandon]]. [[Terry McMillan]] (BA 1986) wrote ''[[How Stella Got Her Groove Back]]'', which was later made into a film of the same name starring Oscar-nominated actress [[Angela Bassett]]. [[Randi Mayem Singer]] (BA 1979) wrote the screenplay for ''[[Mrs. Doubtfire]]'', which starred Oscar winning actor [[Robin Williams]] and Oscar winning actress [[Sally Field]]. [[Audrey Wells]] (BA 1981) wrote the screenplay ''[[The Truth About Cats & Dogs]]'', which starred Oscar-nominated actress [[Uma Thurman]]. [[James Schamus]] (BA 1982, MA 1987, PhD 2003) has collaborated on screenplays with Oscar winning director [[Ang Lee]] on the Academy Award winning movies ''[[Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon]]'' and ''[[Brokeback Mountain]]''.

[[File:Robert Laughlin, Stanford University.jpg|thumb|[[Robert Laughlin]], BA 1972, Nobel laureate]]
Alumni have made important contributions to science. Some have concentrated their studies on the very small universe of atoms and molecules. [[Nobel Prize|Nobel laureate]] [[William F. Giauque]] (BS 1920, PhD 1922) investigated [[chemical thermodynamics]], Nobel laureate [[Willard Libby]] (BS 1931, PhD 1933) pioneered [[radiocarbon dating]], Nobel laureate [[Willis Lamb]] (BS 1934, PhD 1938) examined the [[hydrogen]] [[spectrum]], Nobel laureate [[Hamilton O. Smith]] (BA 1952) applied [[restriction enzymes]] to [[molecular genetics]], Nobel laureate [[Robert Laughlin]] (BA math 1972) explored the [[fractional quantum Hall effect]], and Nobel laureate [[Andrew Fire]] (BA math 1978) helped to discover [[RNA interference]]-[[gene silencing]] by double-stranded [[RNA]]. Nobel laureate [[Glenn T. Seaborg]] (PhD 1937) collaborated with [[Albert Ghiorso]] (BS 1913) to discover 12 chemical elements, such as ''[[Americium]]'', ''[[Berkelium]]'', and ''[[Californium]]''. [[Carol Greider]] (PhD 1987), professor of molecular biology and genetics at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, was awarded the 2009 [[Nobel Prize in medicine]] for discovering a key mechanism in the genetic operations of cells, an insight that has inspired new lines of research into cancer, and [[Daniel Kahneman]] was awarded the 2002 [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics]] for his work in Prospect theory.

[[John N. Bahcall]] (BS 1956) worked on the [[Standard Solar Model]] and the [[Hubble Space Telescope]],<ref name="Times2005_09_01">{{cite news|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,60-1758833,00.html|publisher=The Times(United Kingdom)|date=September 1, 2005|title=Obituaries – Professor John Bahcall | location=London | accessdate=May 27, 2010|first=Deirdre|last=Hipwell}}</ref> resulting in a [[National Medal of Science]].<ref name="Times2005_09_01"/> [[Peter Smith (scientist)|Peter Smith]] (BS 1969) was the [[principal investigator]] and project leader for the $420 million [[NASA]] robotic explorer ''[[Phoenix (spacecraft)|Phoenix]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uanews.org/node/19742|title=Peter Smith Named Thomas R. Brown Distinguished Chair in Integrative Science|author=[[University of Arizona]] University Communications|date=March 18, 2008}}</ref> which physically confirmed the presence of water on the planet [[Mars]] for the first time.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/phoenix/news/phoenix-20080731.html|title=NASA Spacecraft Confirms Martian Water, Mission Extended|date=July 31, 2008|publisher=NASA}}</ref> Astronauts [[James van Hoften]] (BS 1966), [[Margaret Rhea Seddon]] (BA 1970), [[Leroy Chiao]] (BS 1983), and [[Rex Walheim]] (BS 1984) have physically reached out to the stars, orbiting the earth in NASA's fleet of [[space shuttle]]s.

Undergraduate alumni have founded or co-founded such companies as [[Apple Computer]],<ref name="AppleByWoz">Apple Computer was co -founded by [[Steve Wozniak]]( BS 1986). {{cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1986-05-14/news/vw-5389_1_steve-wozniak|title=A UC Berkeley Degree Is Now the Apple of Steve Wozniak's Eye|date= May 14, 1986|publisher=[[Los Angeles Times]]|author=Harriet Stix}}</ref> [[Intel]],<ref name="IntelByMoore">Intel was co-founded by [[Gordon Moore]] (BS 1950). {{cite web|title=Intel chairman awarded UC Berkeley's highest honor at Silicon Valley tribute|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/96legacy/Moore.html|date=July 17, 1996|author=Jose Rodriguez|publisher=University of California at Berkeley Public Information Office}}</ref> [[LSI Logic]]<ref name="LSIByWalker">LSI Logic was co-founded by Robert Walker (BS EE 1958). {{cite journal|url=http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/4/22516/01050102.pdf?tp=&isnumber=&arnumber=1050102|title=Contributors (1970)|publisher=[[IEEE]] in the IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits|date=1970-08 }}</ref> [[Gap (clothing retailer)|The Gap]],<ref>The Gap was founded by [[Donald Fisher]] (BS 1951), who served as its inaugural president and chairman of the board. {{cite web|url=http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/groups/pubs/calbusiness/fall2009/alumni05.html|title=Obituaries – Business Visionary Don Fisher, BS 51|date=2009 (Fall)|publisher=University of California, Berkeley's Haas School of Business}}</ref> [[MySpace]],<ref name="MySpaceByAnderson">MySpace was co-founded by [[Tom Anderson (MySpace)|Tom Anderson]](BA 1998). {{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2008/jun/23/myspace.tomanderson|publisher=The Guardian (publication in the [[United Kingdom]])|author=Owen Gibson|title=200 million friends and counting|date=June 23, 2008 | location=London}}</ref> [[PowerBar]],<ref>PowerBar was co-founded by [[Brian Maxwell]] (BA 1975) and his wife Jennifer Maxwell (BS 1988). {{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2004/03/22_maxwell.shtml|publisher=UC Berkeley News|title=Cal mourns passing of Brian Maxwell, former coach, runner, PowerBar founder, and philanthropist|date=March 22, 2004}}</ref> [[Berkeley Systems]],<ref name="Joan_Blades">Berkeley Systems and [[MoveOn.org]] were co-founded by [[Joan Blades]] (BA 1977). {{cite web|url=http://www.msmagazine.com/dec03/woty2003_blades.asp|title=Women of the Year 2003 – Joan Blades|author=Ellen Hawkes|publisher=[[Ms. (magazine)]]|date=2003 (Winter)}}</ref> [[Bolt, Beranek and Newman]]<ref>Bolt, Beranek and Newman was co-founded by [[Richard Bolt]] (BA 1933, MA 1937, PhD 1939). {{cite web|url=http://acousticalsociety.org/about/awards/gold/12_10_10_bolt|title=Acoustical Society of America Gold Medal Award – 1979 Richard Henry Bolt|year=1979|publisher=[[Acoustical Society of America]]|author=Leo L. Beranek}}</ref> (which created a number of underlying technologies that govern the [[Internet]]), [[Chez Panisse]],<ref>Chez Panisse was founded by [[Alice Waters]] (BA 1967). {{cite news|url=http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/reference/timestopics/people/w/alice_waters/index.html|title=Alice Waters|publisher=New York Times | first=Andrew | last=Martin | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}; and {{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/1996/08/14/garden/alice-waters-food-revolutionary.html|title=Alice Waters: Food Revolutionary|author=Marian Burros|date=August 14, 1996 | work=The New York Times}}</ref> [[GrandCentral]] (known now as [[Google Voice]]),<ref>[[GrandCentral]] (known now as Google Voice) was co-founded by [[Craig Walker (businessman)|Craig Walker]] (B.A. 1988, J.D. 1995). {{cite journal|url=http://www.law.berkeley.edu/institutes/bclt/entrepreneurship/speakers.html#walker|title=A Symposium on Intellectual Property and Entrepreneurship March 7–8, 2008 – Speakers|publisher=Berkeley Center for Law & Technology, Berkeley Technology Law Journal|year=2008}}</ref> [[Advent Software]],<ref>Advent Software was founded by [[Stephanie DiMarco]] (BS Business 1979) and Steve Strand (BS EECS 1979). {{cite web|url=http://coe.berkeley.edu/engnews/Spring06/EN13S/advent.html|title=How to build a successful software company|date=April 17, 2006|publisher=Engineering News (College of Engineering, UC Berkeley)}}</ref> [[HTC Corporation]],<ref name="HTC_VIA">HTC Corporation and VIA Technologies were co-founded by [[Cher Wang]] (BA 1980, MA 1981). {{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/27/technology/companies/27wang.html|author= Laura Holson |date=October 26, 2008|title=With Smartphones, Cher Wang Made Her Own Fortune|publisher= New York Times}}</ref> [[VIA Technologies]],<ref name="HTC_VIA"/> [[Marvell Technology Group]],<ref>Marvell Technology Group was founded by Weili Dai, (BA Computer Science 1984) and her husband Sehat Sutardja (MS 1983, PhD 1988 EECS) and brother-in-law Pantas Sutardjai (MS 1983, PhD 1988 ). {{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2009/02/27_citris.shtml| author=Sarah Yang|date=February 27, 2009|title=Dedication of new CITRIS headquarters marks new stage of innovation to help fuel economic growth|publisher=University of California, Berkeley and the UC Regents}}</ref> MoveOn.org,<ref name="Joan_Blades"/> [[Opsware]],<ref>Opsware was co-founded by In Sik Rhee (BS EECS 1993).{{cite news|url=http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/8.08/loudcloud_pr.html|author=David Sheff|date=2008-08|title=Crank it up|publisher=[[Wired Magazine]]}}</ref> [[RedOctane]],<ref>RedOctane was co-founded by brothers Charles Huang (BA 1992 ) and Kai Huang (BA CS 1994). {{cite web|url=http://www.inc.com/magazine/20081001/just-play_pagen_5.html|title=Just Play – Guitar Hero|publisher=[[Inc Magazine]]|author=Don Steinberg|date=October 1, 2008}}</ref> [[SanDisk]],<ref>SanDisk was co-founded by Sanjay Mehrotra (BS 1978, MS EE 1980). {{cite web|url=http://sandisk.com/about-sandisk/management|title=Corporate Officers|publisher=SanDisk}}</ref> [[Scharffen Berger Chocolate Maker]],<ref>Scharffen Berger Chocolate Maker was co-founded by John Scharffenberger (BA 1973). {{cite web|url=http://www.dailycal.org/article/104091/berkeley_scharffen_berger_factory_to_close|title=Berkeley Scharffen Berger Factory to Close|publisher=[[Daily Californian]]|author=Jessica Kwong|date=January 29, 2009}}</ref> [[VMware]],<ref name="VMwareByWangEtAl">VMware was co-founded by Edward Wang (BS EECS 1983, MS 1988, PhD 1994), along with Diane Greene (MS CS 1988) and her husband Mendel Rosenblum (MS 1989, PhD 1992). {{cite web|url=http://www.vmware.com/company/leadership.html|publisher=VMware|title=VMware Leadership}}</ref> and [[Zilog]],<ref>Zilog was co-founded by Ralph Ungermannn (BSEE 1964). {{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/1988/02/19/business/business-people-ungermann-bass-chairman-finds-a-merger-he-likes.html?pagewanted=1|publisher=New York Times|title=BUSINESS PEOPLE; Ungermann-Bass Chairman Finds a Merger He Likes|author=Lawrence M. Fisher|date=February 19, 1988}}</ref> while graduate school alumni have co-founded companies such as [[DHL Express|DHL]],<ref>DHL was co-founded by [[Larry Hillblom]] (Law 1969). {{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/1995/05/23/us/larry-l-hillblom-52-founder-of-dhl-worldwide-express.html?pagewanted=1|title=Larry L. Hillblom, 52, Founder Of DHL Worldwide Express|author=Saul Hansell|date=May 23, 1995|publisher=New York Times}}</ref> [[Google Earth|KeyHole Inc]] (known now as Google Earth),<ref>KeyHole Inc (known now as Google Earth) was co-founded by John Hanke (MBA 1996). {{cite web|url=http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/innovation/innovation1.html|publisher=University of California, Berkeley|title=Haas Alumnus Maps the Future at Google Earth}}</ref> [[Sun Microsystems]],<ref name="SunByJoy">Sun Microsystems was co-founded by [[Bill Joy]] (MS 1982). {{cite web|url=http://www.engin.umich.edu/newscenter/feature/goffsmith/|title=2009 Goff Smith Lecture: Bill Joy, The Promise of Green Technologies|date=October 16, 2009|publisher=[[University of Michigan]] College of Engineering}}</ref> and [[The Learning Company]].<ref>The Learning Company was co-founded by [[Warren Robinett]] (MS 1976). {{cite web|url=http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/login.jsp?url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fiel5%2F7729%2F35735%2F01695940.pdf%3Farnumber%3D1695940&authDecision=-203|title=Effect of Conductance Variability on Resistor-Logic Demultiplexers for Nanoelectronics|publisher=IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnolgy|author=IEEE|date=2006-11|authorlink=IEEE}}</ref> Berkeley alumni have also led various technology companies such as [[Electronic Arts]],<ref name="EaCEORiccittiello">[[John Riccitiello]] (BS 1981) has served as the CEO of Electronic Arts since 2007, and previously served as the president and COO of the company from 1996 to 2003. He is also the co-founder of [[Elevation Partners]] (with [[U2 (band)|U2]] singer [[Bono]]). {{cite web|url= http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/groups/pubs/calbusiness/fall2007/profile_riccitiello.html|title=University of California Berkeley, Haas School of Business – John Riccitiello, BS 81|author= HarmonyService |publisher= Haas School of Business, University of California Berkeley|date= Fall 2007}}</ref> [[Google]],<ref name="GoogleCEOSchmidt">[[Eric Schmidt]] (MS 1979, PhD 1982) has been the CEO of [[Google]] since 2001. {{cite web|url= http://coe.berkeley.edu/labnotes/0103/history.html|title=Lab Notes: Research from the Berkeley College of Engineering – Eric Schmidt Searches and Finds Success (Again)|author=David Pescovitz|publisher= College of Engineering, University of California Berkeley, |date= Jan/Feb 2003 (Volume 3, Issue 1)}}</ref>
[[Adobe Systems]],<ref name="AdobeCEONarayen">[[Shantanu Narayen]] (MBA 1993) has been the CEO of [[Adobe Systems]] since 2007. {{cite web|url=http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/groups/alumni/halloffame/alumni/narayen.html|title=Shantanu Narayen MBA 93|author=University of California Berkeley, Haas School of Business
|publisher=University of California Berkeley, Haas School of Business|year=2009}}</ref> and [[Qualcomm]].<ref name="QualcommCEOJacobs">Paul Jacobs (BS 1984, MS 1986, PhD 1989 EECS) has been the CEO of Qualcomm since 2005. {{cite web|url=http://innovations.coe.berkeley.edu/vol2-issue10-nov08/pauljacobs|title= Mobile Phone Metamorphosis|author=Abby Cohn|publisher="Innovations" by UC Berkeley College of Engineering|date=November 2008 (Volume 2 Issue 10)}}</ref>

[[File:Ken n dennis.jpg|thumb|Turing Award laureate [[Ken Thompson]] (left), BS 1965, MS 1966, with fellow laureate and colleague [[Dennis Ritchie]] (right); together, they created [[Unix]]]]
Berkeley alumni nurtured a number of key technologies associated with the [[personal computer]] and the development of the Internet.<ref>"Berkeley Unix worked so well that [[DARPA]] chose it for the preferred 'universal computing environment' to link [[Arpanet]] research nodes, thus setting in place an essential piece of infrastructure for the later growth of the Internet. An entire generation of computer scientists cut their teeth on Berkeley Unix. Without it, the Net might well have evolved into a shape similar to what it is today, but with it, the Net exploded." {{cite web|url=http://www.salon.com/tech/fsp/2000/05/16/chapter_2_part_one/print.html|title=BSD Unix: Power to the people, from the code|author=Andrew Leonard|publisher=[[Salon.com]]|date=May 16, 2000}}</ref> [[Unix]] was created by alumnus [[Ken Thompson]] (BS 1965, MS 1966) along with colleague [[Dennis Ritchie]]. Alumni such as [[L. Peter Deutsch]]<ref>Deutsch was awarded a 1992 citation by the [[Association for Computing Machinery]] for his work on [[Interlisp]]({{cite web|url=http://awards.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2925352&srt=all&aw=149&ao=SOFTWSYS|title=ACM Award Citation – L. Peter Deustch}})</ref><ref>L. Peter Deutsch is profiled on pages 30, 31, 43, 53, 54, 66 (which mentions Deutsch beginning his freshman year at Berkeley), and page 87 in the following book: {{cite book|title=Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution|author=Steven Levy|publisher=[[Penguin Books]]|date=January 2, 2001|isbn=0-385-19195-2|authorlink=Steven Levy}}</ref><ref>L. Peter Deutsch is profiled in pages 69, 70–72, 118, 146, 227, 230, 280, 399 of the following book: {{cite book|title=Dealers of Lightning: Xerox PARC and the Dawn of the Computer Age|author=Michael A. Hiltzik|publisher=Collins Business|isbn=0-88730-891-0 }}</ref> (PhD 1973), [[Butler Lampson]] (PhD 1967), and [[Charles P. Thacker]] (BS 1967)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.computerhistory.org/fellowawards/index.php?id=112|publisher=[[Computer History Museum]]|year=2007|title=Fellow Awards – Charles Thacker}}</ref> worked with Ken Thompson on [[Project Genie]] and then formed the ill-fated [[United States Department of Defense|US Department of Defense]]-funded Berkeley Computer Corporation (BCC), which was scattered throughout the Berkeley campus in non-descript offices to avoid anti-war protestors.<ref>{{cite book|title=Dealers of Lightning: Xerox Parc and the Dawn of the Computer Age|author=Michael A. Hiltzik|publisher=Collins Business|page=70|isbn=0-88730-891-0}}</ref> After BCC failed, Deutsch, Lampson, and Thacker joined [[Xerox PARC]], where they developed a number of pioneering computer technologies, culminating in the [[Xerox Alto]] that inspired the [[Apple Macintosh]]. In particular, the Alto used a [[computer mouse]], which had been invented by [[Doug Engelbart]] (B.Eng 1952, Ph.D. 1955). Thompson, Lampson, Engelbart, and Thacker<ref>{{cite news|publisher=[[USA Today]]|title=Charles Thacker wins Turing Award, computing's 'Nobel prize'|author=Elizabeth Weise|date=March 15, 2010|url=http://content.usatoday.com/communities/sciencefair/post/2010/03/charles-thacker-wins-turing-award-computings-nobel-prize/1}}</ref> all later received a Turing Award. Also at Xerox PARC was Ronald V. Schmidt (BS 1966, MS 1968, PhD 1971), who became known as "the man who brought [[Ethernet]] to the masses".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C01E2DE163AF934A15751C0A962958260|title=Sound Bytes; On Building a Better Highway|author=Lawrence M. Fisher|publisher=The New York Times|date=February 27, 1994}}</ref> Another Xerox PARC researcher, [[Charles Simonyi]] (BS 1972), pioneered the first [[WYSIWIG]] [[word processor]] program and was recruited personally by [[Bill Gates]] to join the fledgling company known as [[Microsoft]] to create [[Microsoft Word]]. Simonyi later became the first repeat [[space tourist]], blasting off on Russian [[Soyuz (rocket)|Soyuz]] rockets to work at the [[International Space Station]] orbiting the earth.

In 1977, a graduate student in the computer science department named Bill Joy (MS 1982) assembled<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.salon.com/tech/fsp/2000/05/16/chapter_2_part_one/print.html|title=BSD Unix: Power to the people, from the code|author=Andrew Leonard|publisher=[[Salon.com]]|date=May 16, 2000}}</ref> the original [[Berkeley Software Distribution]], commonly known as [[BSD Unix]]. Joy, who went on to co-found Sun Microsystems, also developed the original version of the [[Computer display|terminal]] console editor [[vi]], while [[Ken Arnold]] (BA 1985) created [[Curses (programming library)|Curses]], a terminal control [[Library (computer science)|library]] for [[Unix-like]] systems that enables the construction of [[Text user interface|text user interface (TUI)]] applications. Working alongside Joy at Berkeley were undergraduates [[William Jolitz]] (BS 1997) and his future wife [[Lynne Jolitz]] (BA 1989), who together created [[386BSD]], a version of BSD Unix that runs on Intel CPUs and evolved into the [[Comparison of BSD operating systems|BSD family of free operating systems]] and the [[Darwin (operating system)|Darwin operating system]] underlying [[Apple Inc.|Apple]] [[Mac OS X]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.salon.com/tech/feature/2000/05/17/386bsd/print.html|title=The unknown hackers – Open-source pioneers Bill and Lynne Jolitz may be the most famous programmers you've never heard of|author=Rachel Chalmers|publisher=[[Salon.com]]|date=May 17, 2000}}</ref> [[Eric Allman]] (BS 1977, MS 1980) created [[SendMail]], a Unix [[mail transfer agent]] that delivers about 12% of the [[email]] in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.securityspace.com/s_survey/data/man.201112/mxsurvey.html|publisher=Security Space|title=Mail (MX) Server Survey|date=January 1, 2012|author=E-Soft Inc}}</ref>

The [[EXperimental Computing Facility|XCF]], an undergraduate research group located in [[Soda Hall]], has been responsible for a number of notable software projects, including [[GTK+]] (created by [[Peter Mattis]], BS 1997), [[The GIMP]] ([[Spencer Kimball (computer programmer)|Spencer Kimball]], BS 1996), and the initial diagnosis of the [[Morris worm]].<ref>{{cite web | title = eXperimental Computer Facility's proud present and impressive past | date = February 10, 2003 | publisher = [http://www.coe.berkeley.edu/ Engineering News] | url = http://www.coe.berkeley.edu/engnews/spring03/4S/XCF.html | accessdate = February 13, 2009}}</ref> In 1992 [[Pei-Yuan Wei]],<ref>Pei-Yuan Wei's contributions are profiled on pages 56, 64, 68, and 83, in the [[World Wide Web]] creator's autobiography ({{cite book| title=Weaving the Web|author=Tim Berners-Lee|publisher=Collins Business|date=November 7, 2001| isbn=0-06-251586-1|authorlink=Tim Berners-Lee}})</ref> an undergraduate at the XCF, created [[ViolaWWW]], one of the first graphical web browsers. ViolaWWW was the first browser to have embedded scriptable objects, stylesheets, and tables. In the spirit of Open Source, he donated the code to Sun Microsystems, inspiring [[Java (programming language)|Java]] applets( [[Kim Polese]] (BS 1984) was the original product manager for Java at Sun Microsystems.) ViolaWWW also inspired researchers at the [[National Center for Supercomputing Applications]] to create the [[Mosaic web browser]],<ref>{{cite book| title=Weaving the Web|author=Tim Berners-Lee|publisher=Collins Business|date=November 7, 2001|pages=68, 83| isbn=0-06-251586-1|authorlink=Tim Berners-Lee}}</ref> a pioneering [[web browser]] that became Microsoft [[Internet Explorer]].

[[File:KathyBaker.jpg|thumb|[[Emmy]]- and [[Golden Globe Award]]- award winning actress Kathy Baker, BA 1977]]
Collectively, alumni have won at least twenty [[Academy Awards]]. [[Gregory Peck]] (BA 1939), nominated for four Oscars during his career, won an Oscar for acting in ''[[To Kill a Mockingbird (film)|To Kill a Mockingbird]]''. [[Chris Innis]] (BA 1991) won the 2010 Oscar for film editing for her work on best picture winner, ''[[The Hurt Locker]]''. [[Walter Plunkett]] (BA 1923 ) won an Oscar for costume design (for ''[[An American in Paris]]''). [[Freida Lee Mock]] (BA 1961) and [[Charles H. Ferguson]] (BA 1978) have each<ref>Freida Lee Mock (BA 1961) won an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature in 1995 for ''[[Maya Lin: A Strong Clear Vision]]''. {{cite web|url=http://www.pbs.org/pov/behindthelens/mock.php|title=Behind the Lens- Extended Interviews with POV Filmmakers |publisher=[[Public Broadcasting Service]] and American Documentary Inc.| date=March 4, 2011}}</ref><ref>Charles H. Ferguson (BA 1978) won an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature in 2011 for ''[[Inside Job (film)|Inside Job]]''. {{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2011/feb/28/inside-job-best-documentary-oscar|publisher=The Guardian (United Kingdom)|date=February 28, 2011|author=Andrew Pulver|title=Oscars 2011: Inside Job banks best documentary award}}</ref> won an Oscar for documentary filmmaking. Mark Berger (BA 1964) has won four Oscars for sound mixing and is an adjunct professor at UC Berkeley.<ref>{{cite web|title=UC Berkeley Professor Mixes Sound for Award Winning Films|author=Jawad Qadir|date=March 31, 2010|url=http://archive.dailycal.org/article/108855/uc_berkeley_professor_mixes_sound_for_award-winnin|publisher=The Daily Californian}}</ref> [[Edith Head]] (BA 1918), who was nominated for 34 Oscars during her career, won eight Oscars for costume design. [[Joe Letteri]] (BA 1981<ref>{{cite journal|journal=California Magazine|date=June 2003|title=Talk of the Gown – Blues in the News|publisher=Cal Alumni Association}}</ref>) has won four Oscars for Best Visual Effects in the [[James Cameron]] film ''[[Avatar (2009 film)|Avatar]]'' and the [[Peter Jackson]] films ''[[King Kong (2005 film)|King Kong]]'', ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers|The Two Towers]]'', and ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King|The Return of the King]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://triblive.com/home/1187547-85/movies-letteri-effects-oscar-movie-fourth-lord-native-rings-special|title=Beaver County native wins fourth Oscar for visual effects|author=Sandra Fischione Donovan|publisher=[[Pittsburgh Tribune-Review]]|date=March 12, 2010}}</ref>

Alumni have collectively won at least twenty-five [[Emmy Awards]]: Jon Else (BA 1968) for cinematography; [[Andrew Schneider]] (BA 1973) for screenwriting; Linda Schacht (BA 1966, MA 1981), two for broadcast journalism;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/groups/newspubs/haasnews/archives/hn022001.html|title=Haas NewsWire, February 20, 2001|publisher=Haas School of Business and the University of California, Berkeley|date=February 20, 2001}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url= http://journalism.berkeley.edu/program/television/faculty/|title=Television Program Faculty and Lecturers|publisher=Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism and the Regents of the [[University of California]]}}</ref> Christine Chen (dual BA's 1990), two for broadcast journalism;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asianhalloffame.org/ceremony.htm#christinechen|year=2007|publisher=Robert Chinn Foundation|title=Asian Hall of Fame – Induction Ceremony}}</ref> Kristen Sze (BA), two for broadcast journalism;<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[KGO-TV|KGO]] News|title=Meet the Team – Kristen Sze|url=http://abclocal.go.com/kgo/bio?section=resources/inside_station/newsteam&id=5771724}}</ref> [[Kathy Baker]] (BA 1977), three for acting; Ken Milnes (BS 1977), four for broadcasting technology; and [[Leroy Sievers]] (BA),<ref name="ABCNews_Sievers_2008_08_16">{{cite journal|url=http://www.abcnews.go.com/print?id=5197492|title=Colon Cancer Claims Veteran Journalist Leroy Sievers|date=August 16, 2008|publisher=[[ABC News]]|author=}}</ref> twelve for production.

[[File:Robert Penn Warren.jpg|thumb|left|upright|[[Robert Penn Warren]], M.A. 1927 – novelist and poet, who received the Pulitzer Prize three times]]
Alumni collectively have won at least eight Pulitzer Prizes. Pulitzer Prize winning journalist [[Marguerite Higgins]] (BA 1941) was a pioneering female war correspondent<ref>"General Walton H. Walker had ordered her out of [[Korea]]..... Like many another soldier, old and young, General Walker was convinced that women do not belong in a combat zone... General [[Douglas MacArthur]] reversed Walker's ruling. To the Herald Tribune, MacArthur sent a soothing telegram: 'Ban on women correspondents in Korea has been lifted. Marguerite Higgins is held in highest professional esteem by everyone.'" {{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,821303,00.html|title=The Press: Last Word|publisher=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date=July 31, 1950}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=The Press: Pride of the Regiment|publisher=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,813360-1,00.html|date=September 25, 1950}}</ref> who covered World War II, the [[Korean War]], and the [[Vietnam War]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,835015-1,00.html|publisher=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|title=Columnists: Lady at War|date=January 14, 1966}}</ref> Novelist [[Robert Penn Warren]] (MA 1927) won three Pulitzer Prizes,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.biography.com/articles/Robert-Penn-Warren-9524366|publisher=[[The Biography Channel]]|title=Robert Penn Warren|author=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.|year=2008 }}</ref> including one for his novel ''[[All the King's Men]]'', which was later made into an Academy Award winning<ref>Nominated for seven Academy Awards, ''[[All the King's Men (1949 film)|All the King's Men]]'' won Oscars for [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]] of 1949, [[Academy Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]] ([[Broderick Crawford]]), and [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]] ([[Mercedes McCambridge]]){{cite news|url=http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/1609/All-the-King-s-Men/overview|title=All the King's Men – Review Summary|author=Bosley Crowther|publisher=The New York Times | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}</ref> [[All the King's Men (1949 film)|movie]]. Pulitzer Prize winning cartoonist [[Rube Goldberg]] (BS 1904) invented the comically complex—yet ultimately trivial—contraptions known as [[Rube Goldberg machine]]s . Journalist Alexandra Berzon (MA 2006) won a Pulitzer Prize in 2009,<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.dailycal.org/article/105393/journalism_school_alumna_part_of_pulitzer-prize_wi|date=April 23, 2009|title=Journalism School Alumna Part Of Pulitzer-Prize Winning Staff|author=Shannon Lee|publisher=The Daily Californian}}</ref> and journalist [[Matt Richtel]] (BA 1989), who also co-authors the comic strip ''[[Rudy Park]]'' under the pen name of "Theron Heir",<ref>{{cite news|url=http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/reference/timestopics/people/r/matt_richtel/index.html|title=Matt Richtel|publisher=The New York Times|date=April 12, 2010 | accessdate=May 27, 2010 | first1=Ashlee | last1=Vance}}</ref> won the 2010 Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pulitzer.org/biography/2010-National-Reporting|title=Matt Richtel|year=2010|publisher=The Pulitzer Prizes}}</ref> Pulitzer Prize-winning historian [[Leon Litwack]] (BA<ref>{{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/berkeleyan/2005/09/14_litwack.shtml|title=Leon Litwack Rocks|publisher=The Berkeleyan and the UC Berkeley NewsCenter|date=September 14, 2005|author=Cathy Cockrell}}</ref> 1951, PhD 1958 ) taught as a professor at UC Berkeley for 43 years;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2007/05/08_litwack.shtml|title=Leon Litwack's last stand|date=May 8, 2007|author=Cathy Cockrell|publisher=UC Berkeley NewsCenter (University of California, Berkeley)}}</ref> [[List of University of California, Berkeley faculty#Pulitzer Prize|three other]] UC Berkeley professors have also received the Pulitzer Prize.

Alumni have acted in classic television series that are still broadcast on TV today. [[Karen Grassle]] (BA 1965) played the mother [[Caroline Ingalls]] in ''[[Little House on the Prairie (TV series)|Little House on the Prairie]]'', [[Jerry Mathers]] (BA 1974) starred in ''[[Leave it to Beaver]]'', and [[Roxann Dawson]] (BA 1980) portrayed [[B'Elanna Torres]] on ''[[Star Trek: Voyager]]''.

Former undergraduates have participated in the contemporary music industry, such as ''[[Grateful Dead]]'' bass guitarist [[Phil Lesh]], ''[[The Police]]'' drummer [[Stewart Copeland]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://movies.nytimes.com/person/85855/Stewart-Copeland/biography|author=Rovi of All Movie Guide|publisher=The New York Times|title=Stewart Copeland}}</ref> ''[[Rolling Stone Magazine]]'' founder [[Jann Wenner]], ''[[The Bangles]]'' lead singer [[Susanna Hoffs]] (BA 1980), ''[[Counting Crows]]'' lead singer [[Adam Duritz]], [[MTV]] correspondent [[Suchin Pak]] (BA 1997),<ref>{{cite web|publisher=MTV|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/correspondents/pak/bio.jhtml|title=SuChin Pak Biography – Reporter, Host and Interviewer – MTV News}}</ref> ''[[AFI (band)|AFI]]'' musicians [[Davey Havok]] and [[Jade Puget]] (BA 1996), and solo artist [[Marié Digby]] (''[[Say It Again (Digby song)|Say It Again]]''). ''[[People Magazine]]'' included ''[[Third Eye Blind]]'' lead singer and songwriter [[Stephan Jenkins]] (BA 1987) in the magazine's list of "50 Most Beautiful People".<ref>{{cite web|date=May 10, 1999|publisher=[[People Magazine]]|title=Stephan Jenkins: Musician|url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20128175,00.html}}</ref>

Alumni have also participated in the world of sports. Tennis athlete [[Helen Wills Moody]] (BA 1925) won 31 [[Grand Slam (tennis)|Grand Slam]] titles, including eight singles titles at [[The Championships, Wimbledon|Wimbledon]]. [[Tarik Glenn]] (BA 1999) is a [[Super Bowl XLI]] champion. [[Michele Tafoya]] (BA 1988) is a sports television reporter for [[ABC Sports]] and [[ESPN]].<ref>{{cite web|title= Michele Tafoya – ESPN's Monday Night Football Sideline Reporter; Play-By-Play and Sideline Commentator|url=http://www.espnmediazone.com/bios/Talent/Tafoya_Michele.htm|publisher=ESPN}}</ref> [[Sports agent]] [[Leigh Steinberg]] ( BA 1970, JD 1973) has represented professional athletes such as [[Steve Young (American football)|Steve Young]], [[Troy Aikman]], and [[Oscar de la Hoya]]; Steinberg has been called the real-life inspiration<ref>{{cite news|title='Jerry Maguire aspires to be you'|author=Daniel Roberts and Pablo S. Torre|publisher=Sports illustrated|date=2012-04-11|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2012/magazine/04/10/steinberg/index.html}}</ref> for the title character in the Oscar-winning<ref>''Jerry Maguire'' was nominated for 5 Academy Awards, and won for Best Supporting Actor ([[Cuba Gooding, Jr.]]).</ref> film ''[[Jerry Maguire]]'' (portrayed by [[Tom Cruise]]). [[Matt Biondi]] (BA 1988) won eight Olympic gold medals during his swimming career, in which he participated in three different Olympics. At the [[Beijing Olympics]] in 2008, [[Natalie Coughlin]] (BA 2005) became the first American female athlete in modern Olympic history<ref name="Aron2008_08_18">"The six medals she won are the most by an American woman in any sport, breaking the record she tied four years ago. Her career total matches the third-most by any U.S. athlete." {{cite news|url=http://stats.cbc.ca/olympics/story.asp?i=20080817063823933328708&%20ref=rec&tm=&src=OLYMPICS_DOLY_SWM|title=Coughlin's 6 medals most by a US woman|author=Jaime Aron|date=August 17, 2008|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]}}</ref> to win six medals in one Olympics. (A panel of ''[[Sports Illustrated]]'''s [[Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue|swimsuit models]] voted Coughlin as one of the Top 20 Best-Looking Female Athletes.<ref>{{cite news|title=SI's Swimsuit Models rank the best-looking athletes|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2006/scorecard/12/19/hot_landing/index.html
|publisher=Sports Illustrated|date= December 19, 2006 | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}</ref><ref>Natalie Coughlin's ''Sports Illustrated'' photo is at {{cite news|title=Best Looking Athletes – 13 – Natalie Coughlin – Swimming
|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/multimedia/photo_gallery/0611/gallery.prettypeople.women20/content.8.html|publisher=Sports Illustrated|date= December 19, 2006 | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}</ref>)

There are at least 14 living alumni billionaires: Gordon Moore (Intel founder), Bill Joy (computer programmer and Sun Microsystems founder), Eric Schmidt (Google Chairman), Bassam Alghanim (wealthiest Kuwaiti), Charles Simonyi (Microsoft), Cher Wang (HTC, wealthiest Taiwanese), Robert Haas (Levi's), [[Donald Fisher]] (Gap), Carlos Rodriguez-Pastor <ref>[http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-08-03/publicity-shy-tycoon-forging-modern-peru-amid-expanding-economy.htmland ]{{dead link|date=July 2013}}</ref> (Interbank, Peru), [[Fayez Sarofim]], [[Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway]], [[James Harris Simons]], and [[Michael Milken]].

==See also==
{{Portal|San Francisco Bay Area|University}}
* [[Higher Education Recruitment Consortium]]
* [[List of forestry universities and colleges]]
* [[Pacific Film Archive]]
* [[University of California Museum of Paleontology]]

==Notes and references==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading and viewing==
* {{cite book
| first = Gray
| last = Brechin
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 1999
| month =
| title = Imperial San Francisco
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = UC Press Ltd
| location =
| isbn = 0-520-21568-0
| url =
}}
* {{cite book
| first = Susan Dinkelspiel
| last = Cerny
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 2001
| month =
| title = Berkeley Landmarks: An Illustrated Guide to Berkeley, California's Architectural Heritage
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association
| location =
| isbn = 0-9706676-0-4
| url =
}}
* {{cite book
| first = Jo
| last = Freeman
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 2003
| month =
| title = At Berkeley in the Sixties: The Education of an Activist, 1961–1965
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = Indiana University Press
| location =
| isbn = 0-253-21622-2
| url =
}}
* {{cite book
| first = Harvey
| last = Helfand
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 2001
| month =
| title = University of California, Berkeley
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = Princeton Architectural Press
| location =
| isbn = 1-56898-293-3
| url =
}}
* {{cite book | first = MFEM | last = Owens | year = 2004 | title = America's Best Value Colleges| edition = | publisher = The Princeton Review | isbn = 0-375-76373-2 | url =}}
* {{cite book
| first = W. J.
| last = Rorabaugh
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 1990
| month =
| title = Berkeley at War: The 1960s
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = Oxford University Press
| location =
| isbn = 0-19-506667-7
| url =
}}
* {{cite AV media
| people = [[Frederick Wiseman|Wiseman, Frederick]] (Director)
| year = 2013
| title = At Berkeley
| trans_title =
| medium = Motion picture
| language =
| url =
| accessdate =
| archiveurl =
| archivedate =
| format =
| time =
| location =
| publisher = Zipporah Films
| id =
| isbn =
| oclc =
| quote =
| ref =
}}
* {{cite book
| first = Geoffrey
| last = Wong
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 2001
| month =May
| title = A Golden State of Mind
| chapter =
| editor =
| others =
| edition =
| pages =
| publisher = Trafford Publishing
| location =
| isbn = 1-55212-635-8
| url =
}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [http://www.berkeley.edu/ Official website]
* [http://www.calbears.com/ Official athletics website]
* {{Cite Collier's|California, University of}}
* {{dmoz|Reference/Education/Colleges_and_Universities/North_America/United_States/California/University_of_California/Berkeley/}}

{{Coord|37.870|-122.259|region:US-CA_type:edu|display=title}}
{{University of California, Berkeley}}
{{Navboxes
|title = Links to related articles
|titlestyle = background:#FFCC33;color:#010066;border:1px solid #010066;
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|state = autocollapse
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{{DEFAULTSORT:California, Berkeley, University Of}}
[[Category:Association of American Universities]]
[[Category:Association of Pacific Rim Universities]]
[[Category:Association of Public and Land-Grant Universities]]
[[Category:California Historical Landmarks]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1868]]
[[Category:Flagship universities in the United States]]
[[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Alameda County, California]]
[[Category:Protests in the United States]]
[[Category:Riots and civil disorder in the United States]]
[[Category:Schools accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges]]
[[Category:School buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in California]]
[[Category:Student protests in California]]
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[[Category:University of California, Berkeley| ]]
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Talk:University of California, Berkeley

2013-11-19T00:03:24Z

Casecrer: /* Seal */

{{Skip to talk}}
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{{archive box|
*[[Talk:University_of_California%2C_Berkeley/archive1|Archive 1]] - Aug 2005 - Dec 2005
*[[/Archive 2|Archive 2]] - Jan 2006 - Dec 2006
*[[/Archive 3|Archive 3]] - Jan 2007 - Dec 2011
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==File:Stevewozniak.jpg Nominated for Deletion==
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===Hired by UCB Public Affairs!===
Hey all! 

I'm checking in to say that I have been hired by the UC Berkeley Office of Public Affairs as an independent contractor to work on the UCB Wikipedia article. Story of how this happens follows. ''Skip to next paragraph if more interested in the '''ethics of paid editorship'''.'' While doing the above edits I found my underemployed self thinking "hah! They should HIRE me to do this!" Then I thought "well, maybe they COULD hire me to do this". Long story short, a job proposal and interview later the PA Office hired me to do a little editing. I'm doing an initial 10 hours as they test me out and see how many hours they should allot me. 
I had an '''ethical crisis''' while considering pursuing a job proposal, and decided it would be wise to consult a couple friends of mine who are regular editors and who have volunteered with Wikimedia outside of their editing. A recommendation I heard from all, and which I am taking in writing this talk item to y'all, is to be transparent with you about my position as a contractor for UCB and with my intentions. I want you to know that while my edits on this page will now be edits I do as a contractor, my heart lies with the free knowledge movement, and my intention is not to promote UC Berkeley from a marketing standpoint, but to promote the expansion of knowledge on the university. Also, for your information, I am editing from my regular (and only) account, which I've had since 2010.
This all said, if you find any biases in my editing that favor the university, or information that requires an expert verification, please point these out to me. 
My first edit will be an expansion of information on student financial aid and scholarships. Most of my information will come from information found through the Office of Financial Aid and Scholarships, and the UC Controller's Office. I appreciate any constructive criticism and any knowledge resources you think would help me to create a non-biased view and a rich and full article. I am not an expert in these issues, and would warmly appreciate the contribution of editors who are. 
Thanks! Please follow me and my edits! [[User:Eekiv|Eekiv]] ([[User talk:Eekiv|talk]]) 01:18, 11 April 2012 (UTC)

== Berkeley University ==

Directly following University of California, Berkeley on the first line, there should be "or Berkeley University" before (also referred to as...)

In summary, the first paragraph of the article should read:

The University of California, Berkeley or Berkeley University (also referred to as UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California, or simply Cal) is a public research university located in Berkeley, California, United States. The university occupies 1,232 acres (499 ha) on the eastern side of the San Francisco Bay with the central campus resting on 178 acres (72 ha).[3] Berkeley offers approximately 350 undergraduate and graduate degree programs in a wide range of disciplines.[5] 07:30, 31 August 2012
:its never called berkeley university.[[User:Mercurywoodrose|Mercurywoodrose]] ([[User talk:Mercurywoodrose|talk]]) 22:56, 24 November 2012 (UTC)

==Categories for the schools==
I have created categories for the separate schools, and then populating them with at least one personn each, to break up the long list of [[:Category:University of California, Berkeley faculty]]. I am in part motivated by Stanford having each school faculty categorized. it makes sense, and theres no way they get to win this without a fight.[[User:Mercurywoodrose|Mercurywoodrose]] ([[User talk:Mercurywoodrose|talk]]) 07:12, 23 November 2012 (UTC)
:WikiProject Stanford University has just started an effort to subcategorize their faculty as well. We have a lot more to go through, and the UC wikiproject is inactive. This is really boring work. but, the end result is much more accurate categorization of professors (all competitiveness jokes aside, i hope they do complete theirs, as i HATE long lists in categories). I wonder if it would be acceptable to subdivide by departments? i know some departments, such as anthropology and physics, are rather well known.[[User:Mercurywoodrose|Mercurywoodrose]] ([[User talk:Mercurywoodrose|talk]]) 22:46, 24 November 2012 (UTC)

== Endowment ==

NACUBO is a very useful source because it standardizes endowment data, but I believe it should only be the "official" source for private colleges and universities and should be used with caution for public universities. In the case of the University of California system, NACUBO seems to report only the endowments managed by the UC schools' Foundations, and does not include the endowments managed on behalf of the UC schools by the UC Regents (see p.4 of http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/_files/report/UC_Annual_Endowment_Report_FY2011-2012.pdf for details). Therefore, I believe the UC endowment data reported by the UC Treasurer's Office is relevant and should be shown in Wikipedia articles for UC schools instead of NACUBO's.[[User:Contributor321|Contributor321]] ([[User talk:Contributor321|talk]]) 17:33, 5 June 2013 (UTC)

== Proposed merge with [[Developmental Teacher Education]] ==

Not notable enough to merit a standalone article - I propose a merge here, but there might not be anything worth merging. '''[[User:Tikuko|TKK]]'''! [[User talk:Tikuko|bark with me if you're my dog!]] 01:01, 14 August 2013 (UTC)

:I don't think there's anything worth merging. [[User:SPat|SPat]] [[User talk:SPat|talk]] 02:56, 14 August 2013 (UTC)

== Investigative Reporting Program notable? ==

http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2013/07/2013710113522489801.html seems notable to me. [[User:Parjlarsson|Pär Larsson]] ([[User talk:Parjlarsson|talk]]) 12:54, 17 August 2013 (UTC)

== Rewrite needed ==

This article is in desperate need of a re-write to refocus on basic [[WP:UNIGUIDE]] structure and substantive content. How does "Environmental Record" warrant an entire top-level section with multiple sub-sections? The section needs to be summarized to a paragraph -- ''at most'' under the Campus section. Don't even get me started on the Academics section -- paragraph after paragraph and tables upon tables of rankings but not one iota of information about degree programs, requirements, academic calendars, enrollments, and other descriptive characteristics of the undergraduate and graduate programs? A list of faculty accolades rather than any description of research institutes and projects? The entire section could be removed and the article would be improved. [[User:Madcoverboy|Madcoverboy]] ([[User talk:Madcoverboy|talk]]) 14:16, 19 September 2013 (UTC)

== Seal ==

This is an issue that I thought was long decided on . . . the official seal of the University of California, Berkeley is the one that reads "UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 1868" and that is the seal that should be used in the infobox. The seal that includes "Berkeley" is a secondary seal that is used primarily on merchandise while the other is used almost everywhere else including official documents. The campus was essentially forced to create a "Berkeley" seal in 1996 and only use is sparingly because of that fact.<ref>http://identity.berkeley.edu/guidelines/seal/</ref><ref>http://ombo.berkeley.edu/forms/policies/campuspolicy#berkeleyseal</ref> Even if consensus is reached (something that has already happened for the original/primary seal) to use the secondary seal, the one that was placed on this article should have the Yale Blue and California Gold coloring. --[[User:CASportsFan|CASportsFan]] ([[User talk:CASportsFan|talk]]) 05:54, 8 November 2013 (UTC)
:In case that anybody wants to use it, the following editions of the seal are available as public-domain files on commons: <table border=1><tr><td> [[File:The University of California 1868.svg|200px|The seal of the University of California without the word "Berkeley" in it.]] </td><td> [[File:The University of California Berkeley 1868.svg|200px|The secondary seal of the University of California wit the word "Berkeley" in it.]] </td></tr><tr><td> [[:File:The University of California 1868.svg]] </td><td> [[:File:The University of California Berkeley 1868.svg]] </td></tr><tr><td> The seal of the University of California without the word "Berkeley" in it. This is used as the '''primary''' seal of UC Berkeley. </td><td>The '''secondary''' seal of the University of California wit the word "Berkeley" in it. This seal is sometimes used specifically for the Berkeley campus. Often it is printed in Yale-blue and California-gold, although other editions with different colors are sometimes used.</td></tr></table>--[[User:Casecrer|Casecrer]] ([[User talk:Casecrer|talk]]) 18:25, 18 November 2013 (UTC)
::If possible, public-domain images should always be used instead of non-free fair-use images. See [[WP:FAIRUSE]] for details.--[[User:Casecrer|Casecrer]] ([[User talk:Casecrer|talk]]) 00:03, 19 November 2013 (UTC)

User talk:Casecrer

2013-11-18T23:21:04Z

Casecrer:

--[[User:Casecrer|Casecrer]] ([[User talk:Casecrer#top|talk]]) 16:28, 28 October 2013 (UTC)

User talk:Elvey

2013-11-18T23:19:44Z

Casecrer: /* Question about copyright status of University of California work */ new section

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:[[Calcium hydroxide]]
;Add Sources
:[[Transport Layer Security]]
:[[Morphine]]
;Wikify
:[[Papal infallibility]]
:[[William Cullen]]
;Expand
:[[Verizon Wireless]]
:[[BitDefender]]
|}

SuggestBot picks articles in a number of ways based on other articles you've edited, including straight text similarity, following wikilinks, and matching your editing patterns against those of other Wikipedians. It tries to recommend only articles that other Wikipedians have marked as needing work. Your contributions make Wikipedia better -- thanks for helping.

= Oldest =

== Funny ==

We were probably both reading [[§]] at the same time. Personally, I think the symbol is better when referring to legal code, so I'm with you.--[[User:Kubigula|Kubigula]] ''([[User talk:Kubigula|talk]])'' 02:55, 11 September 2007 (UTC)

==Symcor==

Hi Elvey -- this is the complete contents of the deleted article: "Symcor is a leading North American provider of check processing, payment processing, statement production and document management services." That's all. It was even tagged as a copyvio. Let me know if you need any other help (or if the article you want is under another name). Good luck, [[User:Antandrus|Antandrus ]] [[User_talk:Antandrus|(talk)]] 20:37, 26 January 2009 (UTC)
:Thanks, that's helpful.--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 20:39, 26 January 2009 (UTC)

== Wikipedia:Public_domain ==

See my edit [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3APublic_domain&diff=270306141&oldid=270294098 here] and explanation [[WT:Public domain#Works of the Florida gov't|here]]. Follow-up on the that talk page, please. [[User:TJRC|TJRC]] ([[User talk:TJRC|talk]]) 21:51, 12 February 2009 (UTC)
:Cool. I think we've improved the article.--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 23:22, 12 February 2009 (UTC)

::Hey, thanks for the barnstar. It's my first. We should figure out what to do about {{tl|PD-FLGov}}. It can probably be turned into a fair-use template. [[User:TJRC|TJRC]] ([[User talk:TJRC|talk]]) 18:52, 16 February 2009 (UTC)
:::Yeah, I'm not sure. I'm looking through the usage of the template, and related deletion reviews. It seems like there's a lot of discussion that could use more evidence. BTW, do you think the appellate court decision is likely to be overturned? --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 19:05, 16 February 2009 (UTC)

== to note ==

That template is talking about the public domain. Because of how complicated US law is, something may be in the public domain outside of the US due to age, but not inside the US because they do not accept the [[rule of the shorter term]] and use different term rules. [[User:ViperSnake151|ViperSnake151]] 22:57, 12 February 2009 (UTC)
:I figured out you're talking about http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Possibly_non-free_in_US, and responded there, as I think you missed my point.--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 23:10, 12 February 2009 (UTC)

== 7:57, 26 January 2009 Stifle (Talk | contribs) deleted "File:Phillipbrutus.jpg" ‎ (FFD Jan 14) ==

I wish to challenge your deletion of an image.
*The image's title is [[:Image:Phillipbrutus.jpg]].
* I feel this image can be used on Wikipedia.
**This image is available under the following free license: {{tl|PD-FLGov}}
Court ruling trumps copyright notice on the page where the image is found.
Please consider restoring this image. 
End the message with your signature, obtained by typing ~ four times. ''' Template should do this.'''
:Thank you for your message. In future, please [[WP:SIG|sign your messages]] by typing <nowiki>~~~~</nowiki> at the end.
::I said already that your "Template should do this." since it can and does everything else! Did you not notice? [[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey|talk]])
:The argument made on the FFD page was that the image was not "made or received pursuant to law or ordinance or in connection with the transaction of official business by any state, county, district, authority, or municipal officer, department, division, board, bureau, commission, or other separate unit of government created or established by law of the State of Florida", not that the template didn't apply to it. Please provide evidence that the image is in fact covered by that description.
:You may alternatively file a [[Wikipedia:deletion review|deletion review]]. [[User:Stifle|Stifle]] ([[User talk:Stifle/wizard|talk]]) 09:10, 17 February 2009 (UTC)
::I found no link to an FFD page. But the image was stated to be from http://www.myfloridahouse.gov, an official FL gov't website. It's certainly funded by the FL legislature; surely the offical website is not run on a volunteer basis. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey|talk]]) 20:10, 17 February 2009 (UTC)
:::Here's the FFD page: [[Wikipedia:Files for deletion/2009 January 14#Phillipbrutus.jpg]]. How do you know that the photograph was made pursuant to a law or ordinance or in connection with the transaction of official business? [[User:Stifle|Stifle]] ([[User talk:Stifle/wizard|talk]]) 21:44, 17 February 2009 (UTC)
::::I think my previous comment already answered that question. Clearly you don't. I guess deletion review is the next step. Thank you for your time.--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 22:16, 17 February 2009 (UTC)
::::<DRV opened; Stifle endorses own review>
::::The site claims FL has a copyright on it.--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey|talk]]) 02:17, 7 May 2009 (UTC)
:::::We'd better keep this discussion to the DRV, if you don't mind. [[User:Stifle|Stifle]] ([[User talk:Stifle/wizard|talk]]) 08:07, 7 May 2009 (UTC)
::::::As you are actively endorsing your own deletion [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_review/Log/2009_May_5#File:Phillipbrutus.jpg there], I think it's productive to continue the discussion where it had ended. I don't much care ''where'' it continues, but I wish it to continue. You haven't responded to questions I've posed here or there. Please do. Thank you for recognizing that your comment there was insulting and apologizing for making it. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 15:33, 7 May 2009 (UTC)
:::::::The file is now [[:File:Phillip J. Brutus.jpg]]. Photos with the same licensing position have been here for ages, e.g. [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&action=view&page=File%3AFranklin_Sands.jpg]. Something's fishy. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 06:26, 22 November 2009 (UTC)

== Signature templates - TFD ==

I proposed deletion of http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Signatures/X30ffx and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Signatures/Qsung using Twinkle and it seems I ran into a bug. It seems they're being used to (I assume inadvertently) violate http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Signature#Transclusion_of_templates.
DIV window stays up with this in it; relevant sub-pages don't seem to have been created properly.
Tagging template with deletion tag: completed (Template:Signatures/X30ffx)
Adding discussion to today's list: failed to find target spot for the discussion
Notifying initial contributor (X30ffx): completed (User talk:X30ffx)
--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 23:09, 17 February 2009 (UTC)
:Perhaps because they are subpages ? I've gone ahead and speedied the two you identified anyway. –[[User:Xeno|'''xeno''']] ([[User talk:Xeno|talk]]) 23:25, 17 February 2009 (UTC)

== Florida Copyright Status ==

Hi Elvay, I just noticed you had a lively discussion recently on State-of-Florida copyright status. I just had some contributions tagged for deletion. I have also cited the '''Microdecisions''' case as an argument. Perhaps you would be interested in participating in the TfD/AfD/revision discussions? [[:w:Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Florida#TfD]] and [[:Talk:Copyright status of work by the Florida government]]. Thanks. [[User:Gamweb|Gamweb]] ([[User talk:Gamweb|talk]]) 04:49, 14 April 2009 (UTC)

:Hi. The TfD on en-wiki closed while I was waiting for Mike's response, but I thought I'd let you know (since you asked) that he wrote me back today. :) The Foundation has no official stance on this, which means that at this point, we're on our own with it. --[[User:Moonriddengirl|Moonriddengirl]] [[User talk:Moonriddengirl|(talk)]] 12:12, 25 April 2009 (UTC)
::Thanks for letting me know. Here's how I see it: If Mike felt the use was permissible, he'd take the stance he took, just to be on the safe side. If Mike felt the use was NOT permissible, he'd say so plainly. So either he didn't decide, or he felt the use was permissible, IMO. I've been doing more re. Florida recently. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 21:17, 25 April 2009 (UTC)

== Thanks for edits to MD5 ==

Bonus points for tracking down the US-CERT statement that MD5 is flat-out broken -- I had wanted a clear statement in there about how broken MD5 is, but the nearest thing I had found was the NIST policy on moving to SHA-2.

When there's a sufficiently powerful preimage attack, maybe I can invert your MD5 real-world identity commitment and send beer. (Kidding, of course, that would take an incredible attack and would be really creepy besides, but, you know, insert better MD5 joke here.) —Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/67.121.146.167|67.121.146.167]] ([[User talk:67.121.146.167|talk]]) 16:28, 13 June 2009 (UTC) 
:Grin! Permission granted for UBE - Unsolicited Beer E-delivery, not the better known [[UBE]].--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 19:15, 18 April 2013 (UTC)

== Milw0rm restoration ==

Hello LV, what you see in [[User:Gloriamarie/Milw0rm]] is the fully restored page. I had done a page move, and you can check the 100+ revisions in the history. The page has meta information missing because a user [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Gloriamarie/Milw0rm&diff=173503017&oldid=169493180 messed up] the article and didn't know how to revert the changes, so he simply copied the viewable content of a previous version as the content. [[User:Jay|Jay]] ([[User talk:Jay|talk]]) 09:09, 1 July 2009 (UTC)
:Ah, thanks. (I'd seen the same result before where only the viewable content had been restored; I incorrectly assumed the same cause.)

== I had to adjust one of your pages, sorry ==

I had to adjust tags on [[User:Elvey/Text]] that were causing the page to appear in categories. Please use nowiki tags in the future instead of noinclude. Remember also, <nowiki>[[Category:Image_maintenance_templates]] and [[:Category:Image_maintenance_templates]] are two very different things!</nowiki> --[[User:RabidDeity|RabidDeity]] ([[User talk:RabidDeity|talk]]) 06:53, 2 July 2009 (UTC)
:Thanks for fixing that. --Elvey

== Your comment on [[WP:AIV]] ==
''Context: I noticed what appears to be some highly disruptive editing and tried to bring it to admin attention. I got admin Tonywalton's attention...:''

Does [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Administrator_intervention_against_vandalism&diff=303411922&oldid=303411563 this] comment mean that the entry on [[WP:AIV]] can be removed? If so, it's easy enough to edit the page without tools - just delete the line and save the page, just like any other page ☺ [[User:Tonywalton|Tonywalton]] [[User talk:Tonywalton|Talk]] 21:42, 21 July 2009 (UTC)
:1)It's easy if you don't run into a bug. I did try to 'delete the line and save the page'. I got a nonsensical edit conflict error: the page showed no edit conflict. (Yes, I'm familiar with edit conflict notices, they make sense, unless there's a bug as there was in this case.)

:2)Also,, perhaps some admin will take it as an ARV request, or consider that the user in question was a vandal. I'm not an admin, so I can't do much and didn't investigate enough to label the user a vandal but I wouldn't be surprised if the label was deemed accurate. I'll mention this.--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 21:53, 21 July 2009 (UTC)
::AIV is prone to edit conflicts - as I'm sure you'll appreciate it's a fairly high-traffic page! I'm not sure what you mean by "a nonsensical edit conflict error" - if you're getting gibberish reports of edit conflicts when simply editing a page without middleware such as Twinkle involved then there may be a problem with the wiki itself, which would bear investigation. As for your report, could you be more specific about what the problem with [[User:Sfan00 IMG]] actually is, and how [[Wikipedia:Possibly unfree files]] is "an enormous mess"? Possibly [[WP:AN/I]] might be a more appropriate place to report whatever it is, but you ''will'' need to supply specifics, including, where appropriate, diffs. Regards, [[User:Tonywalton|Tonywalton]] [[User talk:Tonywalton|Talk]] 22:01, 21 July 2009 (UTC)
:::On further digging around, I se this is already under investigation [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:CNB#Sfan00_IMG.27s_script_assisted_bulk_PROD.27ding_of_old_pictures here]] - perhaps you'd like to join the discussion there. I've removed the entry from AIV as it's not appropriate for something already under discussion. Regards, [[User:Tonywalton|Tonywalton]] [[User talk:Tonywalton|Talk]] 22:10, 21 July 2009 (UTC)
::::Thanks for tracking down the existing discussion. Iridescent mentions ANI's appropriateness, despite the existing discussion at CNB. So the AIV post was appropriate. You ask me to be more specific. I think it's obvious how [[Wikipedia:Possibly unfree files]] is/was "an enormous mess". I look and notice that many times, he created an entry and then withdrew it - over and over again; thought that was obvious jut by looking at the current page. Furthermore, the discussion you found points out that his edits show him repeatedly PRODding where others have said, I think correctly, "The images in question all seem to me to be obviously published, obviously public domain, and complied with all policies then in place". Others suggest he is doing so with an automated bulk-process system without looking at what he's doing. Others have tried to reason with him. I think this qualifies his behavior as a "deliberate attempt to compromise the integrity of Wikipedia" - much like mass page blanking, except more harmful as its harder to remedy. And that's the definition of vandalism. But, well I got an admin's attention, so I'll leave AIV alone. Mind if I go edit AN/I, which was my intention, if someone hasn't beaten me to following iridescent's proposal to do so? --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 01:05, 22 July 2009 (UTC)
:::::I'd say raising the issue at AN/I would be a good idea, especially since the discussion at WP:CNB seems to have ground to a halt. AIV is pretty much for swift dealing with obvious "Wikipedia Sux"-type vandalism, really - AN/I is the place where more in-depth analysis of apparent problems takes place. Regards [[User:Tonywalton|Tonywalton]] [[User talk:Tonywalton|Talk]] 12:05, 22 July 2009 (UTC)

== SVGs vs. PNGs ==

All SVGs are served to readers as PNGs.
* [/media/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.png/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.png Thumb of the PNG version] (21662 bytes)
* [/media/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg.png Thumb of the SVG version converted to PNG] (17326 bytes)
So you actually made the image larger for readers.... --[[User:MZMcBride|MZMcBride]] ([[User talk:MZMcBride|talk]]) 00:48, 29 July 2009 (UTC)
:Ah, OK. Thanks. I'll go undo my work and improve the documentation, if it hasn't been done already. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 03:43, 29 July 2009 (UTC)

== "California County Hoarding Map Data Ordered to Pay $500,000" ==

I thought you'd be interested in this: [http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2009/10/gis_data/ ''California County Hoarding Map Data Ordered to Pay $500,000'']. [[User:TJRC|TJRC]] ([[User talk:TJRC|talk]]) 19:15, 15 October 2009 (UTC)
:Thanks! Started looking for the court's ruling, and found that [http://www.mercurynews.com/crime-courts/ci_13508253 one reporter doesn't know a ruling from a settlement!]! Interesting. [http://appellatecases.courtinfo.ca.gov/search/case/mainCaseScreen.cfm?dist=6&doc_id=733329&doc_no=H031658 found the court ruling].
::I see the judge refers to Microdecisions v Skinner several times! Holy shit! My reading is that the court is unanimously stating (on p. 35-36) that it interprests the CA constitution to grant the people access to the public record without restrictions, except where the legislature has made an exception. The constitutional wording is quite different, but it seems the court is saying that much like in FL, "writings of public officials and agencies" available under California’s public records law (CPRA), are generally not subject to copyright. The times are a-callin for a {{tl|PD-CAGov}} resurrection? I just asked the deleter; let's discuss [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:PDOMG here]. Perhaps we should wait to see if there's an appeal to the state supreme court?--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 00:32, 16 October 2009 (UTC)
:{{done}}: {{tl|PD-CAGov}}. [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Template:PD-CAGov commons too]. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 03:27, 28 November 2009 (UTC)

== Merging [[Identity theft ]] and [[Identity fraud]] ==

We can justify separate articles because they're separate offences. Identity theft involves borrowing an entire identity, usually in a way that then makes it inaccessible to the legitimate holder. Identity fraud is a more "lightweight" approach, thus simpler to execute, ''far'' less likely to be detected, and so far more popular as a crime. There's a problem at the moment where many people are excessively worried about identity ''theft'' (a rare event) and taking measures against it that only work if it's discoverable as such. In the meantime, crooks scam and skim by using individual per-transaction frauds that evade discovery. Their purely theft-based detections fail to notice these frauds. [[User:Andy Dingley|Andy Dingley]] ([[User talk:Andy Dingley|talk]]) 08:25, 23 October 2009 (UTC)

: I agree. Actually, I believe this page should be further be developped, moving some of the content of [[Identity thief]]. Final note: I was surprise by the way this process of proposed deletion was conducted. What happened exactly? The explanation was not even given on the talk page! This make the things very confusing --[[User:Nabeth|Nabeth]] ([[User talk:Nabeth|talk]]) 08:36, 23 October 2009 (UTC)

::Well, the FTC doesn't define it that way. According to the FTC, as someone noted [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Identity_theft#Credit_card_fraud here], it includes simple credit card fraud. I provided the OED definition as well. Given they can mean the same thing according to the OED and what I've read, I [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Identity_fraud proposed the merge (as an AfD - whoops)]. Since I hold a minority view and there are multiple definitions and no objective answer, I won't push the issue. Thanks! --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 08:49, 23 October 2009 (UTC)
::: The FTC is never going to have a useful definition of anything, as they're government-based and simply too slow-moving to keep up. The OED even more so. [[User:Andy Dingley|Andy Dingley]] ([[User talk:Andy Dingley|talk]]) 09:01, 23 October 2009 (UTC)
:::: Again, I won't push the issue. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 09:19, 23 October 2009 (UTC)
:: Nabeth: read the ''history'' of the AfD, not just the final state. An editor (unwisely IMHO, they should have used <code><nowiki><strike></nowiki></code> instead) removed a troll's comment. The troll was a fresh low-mileage account, so we don't know just who & what they were, but they clearly had past experience & knowledge and were trying to perform the Rite Of Summoning on a long-past infamous troll (Willy on Wheels). [[User:Andy Dingley|Andy Dingley]] ([[User talk:Andy Dingley|talk]]) 09:01, 23 October 2009 (UTC)
::: Let me draw your attention to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Administrators%27_noticeboard/Incidents#FunnyDuckIsFunny this]; obviously I'm aware of the troll, as you call him. Are you trying to say that the troll had a point? If so it's lost on me. P.S. I'm curious as to your $dayjob you mentioned.
:::: My $dayjob is an irrelevance to WP, lest it (again!) become an excuse to revert my contributions as [[WP:OR]]. I work for a big UK corp that worries about this stuff.
:::: If the "troll" had a point, it was ''to use identity fraud when commenting on identity fraud''. Funny Duck might be Funny, but ''that'' joke isn't. [[User:Andy Dingley|Andy Dingley]] ([[User talk:Andy Dingley|talk]]) 12:01, 23 October 2009 (UTC)
:::::I was just curious about $dayjob because you mentioned it, and I uncovered what is arguably one of the worst few identity theft breaches of all time. (I wonder if my being 'out' (non-pseudonymous, that is) has been inviting more reversion. Hard to say.
:::::Ah, I didn't get the joke. Quite funny, actually! I know WoW should be blocked on sight, but nothing more.

== Hello ==

Regarding [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kaiser_Permanente&diff=321976671&oldid=321856889 this], I hear I offended you and for that I offer my appologies. I reverted the npov section and meant to restore the numerical difference you cited. I recall wishing at the time that I was desiring and wanting editors to check the previous edit before making their edit to check for vandalism or other pov pushing. Alas I see that I [[wp:BITE|bit]] you. Sorry [[User:Rkmlai|rkmlai]] ([[User talk:Rkmlai|talk]]) 14:52, 27 October 2009 (UTC)

== Friendly note regarding talk page messages ==
Hello. As a recent editor to [[User talk:66.166.183.7]], I wanted to leave a friendly reminder that as per [[WP:USER]], editors may remove messages at will from their own talk pages. While we may ''prefer'' that comments be archived instead, policy does not prohibit users -including anonymous editors like this one- from deleting messages or warnings from their own talk pages. The only kinds of talk page messages that cannot be removed (as per [[WP:BLANKING]]) are declined unblock requests (but only while blocks are still in effect), confirmed sockpuppet notices, or shared IP header templates (for unregistered editors). However, it should be noted that these exceptions only exist in order to keep a user from potentially gaming the system. Thanks, — [[User:Kralizec!|Kralizec!]] ([[User talk:Kralizec!|talk]]) 00:34, 18 November 2009 (UTC)
:Thanks for your note. Because I was referring to them elsewhere, and had already just added a note to the IP's page, I thought it appropriate to restore the warnings. But I could have referred to the page history instead, and thereby avoided any possible feather ruffling. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 03:45, 18 November 2009 (UTC)
:Also, I just noticed the IP [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:66.166.183.7&diff=prev&oldid=326539393 recently reverted] a '''suspected sock notice'''!--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 21:44, 18 November 2009 (UTC)

== Free content ==

Hi Elvey,

I'm still not sure why we are commenting on the requirement for an effective enforcement of copyright to enable monetary gain by traditional copyright holders. This, as far as I can tell, is a random factoid in a discussion of the comparison between traditional copyleft and copyright. [[User:User A1|User A1]] ([[User talk:User A1|talk]]) 23:06, 20 November 2009 (UTC)
: It's widely understood that the main reason copyright was created was to provide a financial incentive, via an artificial monopoly, to creators so that they are more inclined to create. [http://www.lib.byu.edu/departs/copyright/tutorial/module1/page3.htm] And that monopoly is one of the main differences between copyleft and traditional copyright. How could that be random? Thank you for bringing this discussion from edit summaries to a talk page. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 19:48, 21 November 2009 (UTC)
:Here's an alternative I think we both may like: 
:Copyleft is based on the belief that the temporary publishing monopoly that traditional copyright created in order to encourage science and learning, is not actually the best way to promote science and learning.--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 20:09, 21 November 2009 (UTC)
::OK, sounds clear. Sorry, have been a bit on-the-go of late, and didn't see your response until your recent edit to [[Free content]]. Thanks [[User:User A1|User A1]] ([[User talk:User A1|talk]]) 07:10, 25 November 2009 (UTC)
:::Glad you like it. I think my addition was improved because of your involvement. Apropos your apology: I think [[ [[Wikipedia:Talk_page_guidelines#User_talk_pages|it's suggested that] article, not user talk pages are used because then responses are easier to find/see. No worries. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 22:02, 25 November 2009 (UTC)

== [[:File:Obama MentoringAd.jpg]] ==

I'm declining this request for restoring, insofar that if the person is employed by the "Harvard School of Public Health" he would not be the (c) holder of these images, the school would be the (c) holder, as the images were probably created as part of his job. If they were personally created, he's going to have to go through the [[WP:OTRS]] (though the school's administration, preferably) to verify the correct (c) status of the images. [[User:Skier Dude|Skier Dude]] ([[User_talk:Skier Dude|talk]]) 19:00, 26 November 2009 (UTC)
:Huh? I'm obviously talking about 'the' Harvard, not some bogus institution, as you imply by your use of quotes (note the '''harvard.edu''' links). What you're saying is pure speculation. In this case, it's perfectly reasonable to believe, even expect that the person in charge of the project would have copyright authority over its product. I think we should believe a user who claims to be and pretty clearly is (look at his edits) associate '''dean''' at the Harvard School of Public Health when he claims he created the content and clearly, at a minimum, spearheaded their creation. All the deleted files at http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&action=view&user=Prof756 should be restored. Also, I feel closing an undeletion request of a file you proposed for deletion is bad form. I'd be surprised to find it wasn't explicitly against the rules. You should revert your action, IMO. Please read [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Elvey#Hopes.21 this]. Sorry if my tone is unfriendly; when I detect copyright paranoia, I get testy. Happy turkey day. Time to eat! --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 22:07, 26 November 2009 (UTC)

=='However'==
Re: the revert of the edit to [[BlueHippo Funding]]. Just wondering ... does the removal of the term "however" in the article change its factual accuracy, which is the basis of an [[encyclopedia]]? FYI, I despise [[edit war]]s so I will not make any further changes. Cheers. [[User:Truthanado|Truthanado]] ([[User talk:Truthanado|talk]]) 16:47, 29 November 2009 (UTC)
:Words like 'so', 'but', 'thus', and 'however' are appropriate in an encyclopedia. If you can point to an encyclopedia that doesn't use 'however', I'll eat my shorts, and undo my edit. Perhaps you didn't read [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=BlueHippo_Funding&diff=328337280&oldid=327031463 my edit summary]. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 19:29, 29 November 2009 (UTC)
::Have a look at [[Wikipedia:Words to avoid#However, although, whereas, despite]], which was pointed out to me by another Wikipedia editor. Cheers. [[User:Truthanado|Truthanado]] ([[User talk:Truthanado|talk]]) 00:23, 30 November 2009 (UTC)
:::I disagree, and that guideline has changed, a good thing, indeed.--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 20:42, 28 June 2010 (UTC)

= Older =

== [[Template:PD-MTGov]] ==
Would you take a look at my comment at [[Wikipedia:Public_domain_status_of_official_government_works#Template:PD-MTGov]]? Given the content of the template at the time, I would have agreed with your suggestion to redirect it to the DI tag, but I did some digging and it looks possible that it was a valid tag but with a bad rationale. -- [[User:Afiler|Afiler]] ([[User talk:Afiler|talk]]) 20:44, 25 December 2009 (UTC)
: Sure, I was happy to. [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3APublic_domain_status_of_official_government_works&action=view&diff=334232601 Here's my reply.] I have a vague recollection that there was a time when CC-BY-ND was perfectly acceptable for images, but it seems the copyright zealots swooped in and changed things. I don't think I would support such a change as justified. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 09:04, 27 December 2009 (UTC)

I have also commented, to the effect that they ''are'' public domain. [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Public_domain_status_of_official_government_works&diff=355695931&oldid=345958578 Here's my reply]. ;) [[User:Int21h|Int21h]] ([[User talk:Int21h|talk]]) 05:30, 13 April 2010 (UTC)

==Request==
Hello I need someone to create a PD tag for the Imags of the Institute of Puerto Rican Culture, an institution of the Government of Puerto Rico responsible for the establishment of the cultural policies required in order to preserve, promote, enrich, and convey the cultural values of Puerto Rico. Said images are PD and I have the confirmation of the Pueto Rican government to such respect which I can provide. If you can do it or if you can direct me to the person that has the knowledge to create such a tag, I will appreciate it and provide futher information. [[User:Marine 69-71|Tony the Marine]] ([[User talk:Marine 69-71|talk]]) 04:19, 11 February 2010 (UTC)
:Hi. I can help. I've created (and deleted) PD tags before; I guess that's how you found me. To start, I need to establish the PD status. Please provide or point me to more info that I can use to justify the tags, per Wikipedia's complex and specific rules. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 02:54, 13 February 2010 (UTC)

**Thank you for responding. First, a little about myself. Even though I am not what they call a "polished" historian, I have been recognized as such by the Puerto Rican Government and have been named the Official Historian of ANSO the Association of Naval Service Officers of the United States Navy. As such I have access to military and political figures both in the United States and the territory Puerto Rico, among which are the Governor and the Secretary of State/Lt. Gov. of the island. The Institute of Puerto Rican Culture, an institution of the Government of Puerto Rico which is funded by the United States Federal Government and whose image copyright laws fall under the Federal Government of the U.S..

My main concern was the images of the images and the not the written content used or published by The Institute of Puerto Rican Culture. I knew that images as such are Public Domain, however, to be on the safe side I decided to contact and ask about the image PD status the Secretary of State/Lt. Governor of Puerto Rico, the Honorable Kenneth McClintock, who holds a doctorate in international law and as an authority knows about the matter and is also spokesperson for the People of Puerto Rico. Here I will publish the correspondence between us (He is fluent in English as well as Spainsh and his e-mail was in Englsh as published here).

<blockquote>"Estimado Honorable Lt. Gov. K. McClintock, I know that you are a very busy person and I wouldn't bother you if for not a question that came up. Since you have a doctorate in law, I figured that no one is more qualified to answer my simple question. Are the images of famous Puerto Ricans used by the Puerto Rican Institute of Culture Public Domain? I am almost certain that the institute would not pay for the usage of images of famous Puerto Ricans that they honor in their publications and so on. Could you please inform me? Gracias. Tony Santiago</blockquote>

He responded:

<blockquote>"Tony, The images the IPC uses in its publications, as well as the portraits of Governors and First Ladies (which hang in La Fortaleza---although the Governors', that will hang at the State Department for 2 weeks beginning next Monday), Senate Presidents and House Speakers (which hang at the Capitol), the Secretaries of State photos, which hang at my Department, and so forth, are clearly in the public domain because: (1) nobody is paid for their continuous use, and, (2) the government does not claim payment from anyone from their reproduction and use. I hope this is of help to you. Kenneth D. McClintock; Secretary of State; San Juan, Puerto Rico. </blockquote>

He also responded the following:

<blockquote>" These images were commissioned and paid for by the Government, for public use, with public funds, so they may be reproduced freely. No one has any rights over such images, having sold the images and rights appurtenant to their work to the people of Puerto Rico. KDM"</blockquote>

I will not publish his e-mail address for security reasons, however I have forwarded his e-mail address to "OTRS" in regard to this image [[:File:01 KDM.jpg]] and if you have access to OTRS, you will be able to verify the interaction between us.

If you can create a PD tag for the images (not the written content) of The Insititute of Puerto Rican Culture, not only will I appreciate it, but also the People of Puerto Rico. Thank you. [[User:Marine 69-71|Tony the Marine]] ([[User talk:Marine 69-71|talk]]) 22:57, 13 February 2010 (UTC)
==Second request==

Please check out the example of the PD template which I created for the portraits of the Puerto Ricans Governors, First Ladies, Senate Presidents, House Speakers and Military heroes, which has the permit granted by OTRS to the Puerto Rican Government, [[User:Marine 69-71/Workshop|Workshop]]. [[User:Marine 69-71|Tony the Marine]] ([[User talk:Marine 69-71|talk]]) 16:48, 17 February 2010 (UTC)
:I forgot to mention that I have been busy lately. Taking a look now.

:Secondly, I've moved the discussion to [[WP:PDOMG#Puerto_Rico_Template:PD-PRGov]]. Let's continue the discussion there.[--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 02:20, 19 February 2010 (UTC)

== [[User talk:ExpertResearcher]] ==

Hey. Would you mind dropping by and linking the user to the "broad consensus" you mentioned, if you have a minute. I've taken the ANI thread he raised with a pinch of [[WP:AGF]] though you may have [[WP:TROLL|previous knowledge of the user that I don't]] ;) If the latter is the case, never mind, if the former is the case then I hope you don't mind dropping him a line. --[[User:SGGH|SGGH]] [[User_talk:SGGH|ping!]] 17:53, 23 April 2010 (UTC)
:In fact you did link, and the user has archived the page and gotten rid of it. Do you know which section he should be looking for? [[User:SGGH|SGGH]] [[User_talk:SGGH|ping!]] 18:02, 23 April 2010 (UTC)
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:ExpertResearcher&diff=next&oldid=357865079 Done]. <s>I'm off to find the ANI thread you refer to.</s>Found. See [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Administrators%27_noticeboard/Edit_warring&diff=357857227&oldid=357857054 here]. Amazing this SPA 'new user' managed to find ANI so quickly, indent text properly, etc. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 18:44, 23 April 2010 (UTC)

== ANI notice ==

Hello. This message is being sent to inform you that there currently is a discussion at [[Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/Incidents]] regarding an issue with which you may have been involved. {{#if:|The thread is [[Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/Incidents#|{{{thread}}}]]. }}{{#if:|The discussion is about the topic {{#ifexist:[[:{{{1}}}]]|[[:{{{1}}}]]|{{{1}}}}}.}}  Thank you. --[[User:Hm2k|Hm2k]] ([[User talk:Hm2k|talk]]) 00:45, 10 May 2010 (UTC)
:Yes, I see a thread you opened on me where [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Administrators%27_noticeboard/Incidents&diff=prev&oldid=361762238 the two other posters instead suggested] that YOU stop beating a dead horse and stop being disruptive. :-) --Elvey

== TAC Code ==
I have put in a placeholder for the TAC code table. Please let me know your thoughts about this... What is your experience of TAC codes?
[[User:David n m bond|David n m bond]] ([[User talk:David n m bond|talk]]) 12:27, 25 June 2010 (UTC)
:My experience is just that I am 95% sure 01177300 and 01165400 are for original (2G/non-3G) iPhones, but the nobbi tool says they are 3G; nothing beyond that. For example, I don't know if a complete table is would be impractically large, but if you think not, why not try? --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 21:29, 28 June 2010 (UTC)

==Disputed non-free use rationale for File:BofA small print ad gaffe (in Safari).png==
[[File:Copyright-problem.svg|64px|left]]
Thank you for uploading '''[[:File:BofA small print ad gaffe (in Safari).png]]'''. However, there is a concern that the rationale provided for using this file on Wikipedia may not meet the criteria required by [[Wikipedia:Non-free content]]. This can be corrected by going to the file description page and adding or clarifying the reason why the file qualifies under this policy. Adding and completing one of the templates available from [[Wikipedia:Non-free use rationale guideline]] is an easy way to ensure that your file is in compliance with Wikipedia policy. Please be aware that a non-free use rationale is not the same as an [[Wikipedia:Image copyright tags/Non-free|image copyright tag]]; descriptions for files used under the non-free content policy require both a copyright tag and a non-free use rationale.

If it is determined that the file does not qualify under the non-free content policy, it might be deleted by an administrator within a few days in accordance with our [[Wikipedia:Criteria for speedy deletion#Files|criteria for speedy deletion]]. If you have any questions, please ask them at the [[Wikipedia:Media copyright questions|media copyright questions page]]. Thank you. [[User:Magog the Ogre|Magog the Ogre]] ([[User talk:Magog the Ogre|talk]]) 08:54, 29 August 2010 (UTC)

:For the record, [http://www.elvey.com/it/images/BofA%20small%20print%20ad%20gaffe%20in%20Safari.png it] was a useful addition to [[Fine print]] and was fair use, IMO, as an addition to that page. But I choose my battles. [[Fine print]] is '''curiously lacking''' any illustrative images, not for want of my and others efforts, given how relevant they are to the topic. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 07:12, 27 December 2010 (UTC)

== Reviewer granted ==

[[File:Wikipedia Reviewer.svg|right|130px]]
Hello. Your account has been granted the "<tt>reviewer<tt>" userright, allowing you to [[WP:RVW|review other users' edits]] on certain flagged pages. [[WP:PC|Pending changes]], also known as flagged revisions, underwent a [[WP:PC|two-month trial]] which ended on 15 August 2010. Its continued use is still being discussed by the community, you are free to participate in such discussions. Many articles still have pending changes protection applied, however, and the ability to review pending changes continues to be of use.

Reviewers can review edits made by users who are not [[WP:autoconfirmed|autoconfirmed]] to articles placed under level 1 pending changes and edits made by non-reviewers to level 2 pending changes protected articles (usually high traffic articles). Pending changes was applied to only [[Special:StablePages|a small number of articles]], similarly to how semi-protection is applied but in a more controlled way for the trial. The list of articles with pending changes awaiting review is located at [[Special:OldReviewedPages]].

For the guideline on reviewing, see [[Wikipedia:Reviewing]]. Being granted reviewer rights doesn't grant you status nor change how you can edit articles even with pending changes. The general help page on pending changes can be found [[Help:Pending changes|here]], and the general policy for the trial can be found [[Wikipedia:Pending changes|here]].

If you do not want this user right, you may ask any administrator to remove it for you at any time. [[User:Dabomb87|Dabomb87]] ([[User talk:Dabomb87|talk]]) 21:45, 26 October 2010 (UTC)

== Sandbox ==

Are you planning to do anything with [[User:Elvey/Universal Savings Bank-NeedsRestoredContentKeepHist]]? It hasn't been touched in 2 years. Ten Pound Hammer, [[Special:Contributions/TenPoundHammer|his otters]] and a clue-bat • ([[User talk:TenPoundHammer|Otters want attention]]) 16:56, 21 January 2011 (UTC)
:Yes. For one thing, as noted
could someone get an admin to provide copies of the pages including the sources therein?

:and I plan to make that happen. Willing to help, or just trying to delete stuff? ---[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 22:10, 21 January 2011 (UTC)
::Not sure what you mean. Ten Pound Hammer, [[Special:Contributions/TenPoundHammer|his otters]] and a clue-bat • ([[User talk:TenPoundHammer|Otters want attention]]) 22:24, 21 January 2011 (UTC)
:::Not sure if you read [[User:Elvey/Universal Savings Bank-NeedsRestoredContentKeepHist]] or what you do or don't understand. Explain what you do and don't understand. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 03:30, 22 January 2011 (UTC)
::::Good example.

== Plagiarism ==
Hi there, you left two warnings on my talk page, and I am not entirely sure what they relate to. Could you please explain.--[[User:SasiSasi|SasiSasi]] ([[User talk:SasiSasi|talk]]) 18:27, 29 January 2011 (UTC)
: As I noted in the warning I left, this is apropos http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Copyright&diff=409361899&oldid=408616763. That edit in turn references a talk page, which in turn has extensive comments from that editor, as well as myself, regarding your edits, and providing quotes from the original and the close copy as well as a link to the diff in which you introduced it into wikipedia. You may wish to closely read/reread the warnings and comments and policies referenced. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 21:16, 3 February 2011 (UTC)

== Undeletion request ==

I'm going to have to decline your request. The image would not meet [[WP:NFCC#1]] since it is replaceable because the subject is a living person (and there's even already a picture of him in the article). However, if it's used not to illustrate the subject himself but more because it is a mugshot, I can't see how it passes [[WP:NFCC#8]]. I can't really help you with the rest: I'm not familiar with the discussion, but I presume the images using that template would have to be deleted as non-free. '''Maxim[[User talk:Maxim|(talk)]]''' 01:05, 6 February 2011 (UTC)

== Tracfone Wireless Article. ==

Hi Elvey :)

JasonHockeyGuy here.

I noticed that you may have been involved with the article on this site. This article is totally out of date and they have different support options and features since the last time the article was written. There has been also several so called claimed things associated with the company that are simply not true. I am not a employee of this company or anything but I have hopped around their different services for a while and kept tabs on their internet support offerings and the article just simply reflects the good old days of them. If you want proof of the new changes, please let me know and I can link them on your talk page so they can be updated. Even though I have been signed up with WP for some time now I still have not learned how to fully edit and do the fancy stuff some of the other editors have done. So Ill provide you with refs and other things and you get the credit for editing :) Let me know. If you reply, please let me know so on my talk page so I do not miss it. Thank you , have a wonderful week!

[[User:JasonHockeyGuy|JasonHockeyGuy]] ([[User talk:JasonHockeyGuy|talk]]) 08:27, 2 May 2011 (UTC)

:Thanks for asking. I suggest you post to the talk page, noting the untrue things and the links you mentioned (but only if they are 'reliable sources'). It's suggested that you use the standard format for citing sources, but the particular formatting is not mandatory. Respect for RS policy is. Sorry, working on other things these days. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 17:40, 5 May 2011 (UTC)

Hi again :) Ive turned on some editing tools on WP that I think will be able to help me as far as editing goes plus I did some copy editing in Microsoft Word. I plan in the next few days to replace the whole article with a brand new , refreshed version of it that should bring it up to date for 2011 as far as offerings and things goes. And a Tracfone Wireless first, 2011 saw 2 new phones, a QWERTY and a touch screen phone for the first time in the companies history :) Hope things are going good with you and thanks again for being so kind to me :) [[User:JasonHockeyGuy|JasonHockeyGuy]] ([[User talk:JasonHockeyGuy|talk]]) 06:51, 9 May 2011 (UTC)

==Malfunctioning bot annoying uploaders! ==
(Bot-spam edited by Elvey) ... You don't seem to have indicated the license status <nowiki>[per]</nowiki> [[Wikipedia:Image copyright tags|image copyright tags]] to indicate this information; to add a tag to the image, select the appropriate tag from [[Wikipedia:Image copyright tags/All|this list]]... --[[User:ImageTaggingBot|ImageTaggingBot]] ([[User talk:ImageTaggingBot|talk]]) 19:05, 5 May 2011 (UTC)

:Malfunctioning bot - and it can't be shut off; WTF? I already had added this tag 20 min earlier: "{{Non-free use rationale |Article = Fine print" when this comment was made!!! "{{Non-free fair use in|Fine print." is 100% redundant.

:FURTHERMORE, there are a TON of unanswered queries on the bot's talk page that merit a response. For example, see [[User_talk:ImageTaggingBot#Why_are_all_the_images_I_upload_being_wrongly_labeled_as_untagged.3F]]--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 19:26, 5 May 2011 (UTC)

== Re: Copyvio of your original photograph by scammers ==

Where is my photo? --[[User:Piotrus|Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus]]|[[User talk:Piotrus| talk ]] 15:47, 5 June 2011 (UTC)
:<answered [https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Piotrus&oldid=432706978 here]>. -Elvey

== Your comment in Digital Blasphemy ==

Please respond.[[Talk:Digital_Blasphemy#Why_is_the_importance_tag_needed_in_the_article.3F_More_opinions_please]] Do you agree that it is now "well sourced"? Do to the way you worded things, I'd like to get confirmation. Thanks for your third opinion. [[User:Dream Focus | '''Dream Focus''']] 00:30, 20 August 2011 (UTC)

== 3O on Digital Blasphemy ==

I would point out that the tag on Digital Blasphemy was not {{tl|failed verification}}, which would have indicated a [[WP:Verifiability]] problem, which is the 'question' you seem to have answered. It was rather {{tl|importance-inline}}, which indicates an issue with whether the material is of any importance to the topic. The point was that it was only a bare mention, in a television show, making the not-particularly-informative and apparently hyperbolic claim that a piece of third-party [[computer wallpaper]] was "essential". Do you think that mention of this claim adds to the reader's understanding of the product and/or the company selling it? ''[[User:Hrafn|Hrafn]][[User talk:Hrafn|Talk]][[Special:Contributions/Hrafn|Stalk]]''('''[[M:Precisionism|P]]''') 05:29, 20 August 2011 (UTC)
:I understood that. I don't know how long the site was discussed, or if "essential" was said sarcastically; the show isn't archived anywhere, AFAIK. I do. A 3O was sought and I provided one. The importance tag should go, that is my 3O, based on the available information. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 17:53, 21 August 2011 (UTC)

==Disambiguation link notification==

Hi. When you recently edited [[Fine print]], you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page [[FTC]] ([[tools:~dispenser/cgi-bin/dablinks.py/Fine_print|check to confirm]]   [[tools:~dispenser/cgi-bin/dab_solver.py/Fine_print|fix with Dab solver]]). Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the [[User:DPL bot/Dablink notification FAQ|FAQ]]{{*}} Join us at the [[Wikipedia:Disambiguation pages with links|DPL WikiProject]].

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these [[User:DPL bot|opt-out instructions]]. Thanks, [[User:DPL bot|DPL bot]] ([[User talk:DPL bot|talk]]) 10:44, 8 February 2012 (UTC)

:What a great and well-implemented idea for a bot - introduced me to a great tool I wasn't aware of! (I'm off to say thanks on the talk page.) --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 18:07, 9 February 2012 (UTC)

== [[WP:REFUND]] ==

Just a note that I moved your comment at [[WP:REFUND]] to [[Wikipedia_talk:Requests_for_undeletion#Gobbldeygook_needs_attention|the board's talk page]] which I'm guessing is where you intended to post it. --[[User:Ron Ritzman|Ron Ritzman]] ([[User talk:Ron Ritzman|talk]]) 00:27, 15 April 2012 (UTC)

:I understand the intention, but the change is problematic, as the move changed the truth of what I said from true to untrue, as what I said referenced the page on which I said it.--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 17:41, 13 June 2012 (UTC)

== MediaWiki:Edittools proposal at Village pump ==

Hi. {{diff|WP:Village pump (policy)|490576965|490551382|I fixed the Wikipedia: prefixes}} on your [[MediaWiki:Edittools]] proposal at [[WP:Village pump (policy)#Proposal re.: Wording change needed to stop forbidding copying of properly licensed free content]]. [[User:Flatscan|Flatscan]] ([[User talk:Flatscan|talk]]) 04:20, 4 May 2012 (UTC)

== The Great Revival: [[WP:CVU/VS|CVU Vandalism Studies Project]] ==

Hi! We're dropping you this rather unexpected message on your talk page because you signed up (either quite a while ago or rather recently) to be a member of the [[WP:CVU/VS|Vandalism Studies project]]. Sadly, the project fell into semi-retirement a few years ago, but as part of a new plan to fix up the [[WP:CVU|Counter-Vandalism Unit]], we're bringing back the Vandalism Studies project, with a new study planned for Late 2012! But we need your help. Are you still interested in working with us on this project? Then [[WP:CVU/VS#Members|please sign up today]]! (even if you signed up previously, you'll still need to sign up again - we're redoing our member list in order to not harass those who are no longer active on the Wiki - sorry!) If you have ''any'' questions, please leave them on [[Wikipedia:Counter-Vandalism_Unit/Academy/Questions|this page]]. Thanks, and we can't wait to bring the project back to life! ''-[[User:Theopolisme|'''Theopolisme''']] ([[User talk:Theopolisme|talk]]) & [[User:Dan653|'''Dan653''']] ([[User talk:Dan653|talk]]), Coordinators''


== Coren's dogs? ==

You might swing by [[Talk:Earthquake prediction#Coren's dog findings?]]; I have a question about your recent bold edit. ~ [[User:J. Johnson|J. Johnson (JJ)]] ([[User_talk:J. Johnson|talk]]) 21:02, 15 September 2012 (UTC)
:Sure, done. Will keep an eye on it.--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 03:42, 16 September 2012 (UTC)

== Talkback: you've got messages! ==

Re.: [[User_talk:ClueBot_Commons#Please help me set up auto-archiving of this talk page that has extant manual archives]]
:Replied. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 00:39, 2 March 2013 (UTC)

Re.: [[Talk:Advertising Self-Regulatory Council]]
:Replied. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 00:39, 2 March 2013 (UTC)

== Still not exactly clear on what we need to do ==

Hi Elvey. Could you clarify ''exactly'' what we need the archiving bot to do? —'''[[User:Theopolisme|Theo]][[User_Talk:Theopolisme|polisme]]''' 17:52, 5 December 2012 (UTC)
:Honestly, no. I gave a lot of detail (even including some flags) and don't have more to offer. If I knew EXACTLY what it should do, I'd tell it to do it. I think if you get it to do what I did say I want it to do, you can't go wrong. Is it not enough? --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 18:23, 5 December 2012 (UTC)
::There's no need to get sassy; rather, I just don't this bot is capable of doing the rather complex task you want it to. If all you want is for it archive threads marked with {{tl|done}} or something to a /Month Year, that could be done. But if you want split apart...etc etc, it's less doable. Could we 'dumb it down' a bit? —'''[[User:Theopolisme|Theo]][[User_Talk:Theopolisme|polisme]]''' 18:31, 5 December 2012 (UTC)
:::Sure, dumb it down 'till you find it doable. I really just want it do do some kind auto-archiving of long-inactive discussions without breaking what's been done. Full stop. Didn't mean to be disrespectful at all; was trying to communicate well instead of just saying no or not answering. Cool? --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 18:41, 5 December 2012 (UTC)
::::No problem. Do we just want to, say, archive threads >6 months old or something like that? —'''[[User:Theopolisme|Theo]][[User_Talk:Theopolisme|polisme]]''' 18:53, 5 December 2012 (UTC)
:::::It sounds like you missed the detail I gave; I said "I guess I'd say archive threads aged more than 2 months." [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:ClueBot_Commons&oldid=525363366#Please_help_me_set_up_auto-archiving_of_this_talk_page_that_has_extant_manual_archives here] 11 days ago, and linked to it from your talk page... So yes, 6 months, 2 months, whatever... Take another look? --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 20:21, 5 December 2012 (UTC)
{{od}}
2 months seems a bit short--considering some threads lie unanswered for longer--I'm going to set it up now, 3 months. Thanks, —'''[[User:Theopolisme|Theo]][[User_Talk:Theopolisme|polisme]]''' 20:23, 5 December 2012 (UTC)
:{{done}} —'''[[User:Theopolisme|Theo]][[User_Talk:Theopolisme|polisme]]'''
::Thanks for answering [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:ClueBot_Commons&oldid=525363366#Please_help_me_set_up_auto-archiving_of_this_talk_page_that_has_extant_manual_archives my call for help]; [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_talk%3AFile_copyright_tags&diff=526589306&oldid=516231821 this] is great! --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 21:06, 5 December 2012 (UTC)
:::Anytime! Let me know if I can help out again. :) —'''[[User:Theopolisme|Theo]][[User_Talk:Theopolisme|polisme]]''' 21:10, 5 December 2012 (UTC)

== December 2012 ==
<s>[[Image:Stop hand nuvola.svg|30px|left|alt=|link=]] Your recent editing history at [[:Earthquake prediction]] shows that you are currently engaged in an [[WP:EDITWAR|edit war]]. '''Being involved in an edit war can result in you being [[WP:BLOCK|blocked from editing]]'''—especially if you violate the [[WP:3RR|three-revert rule]], which states that an editor must not perform more than three [[WP:REVERT|reverts]] on a single page within a 24-hour period. Undoing another editor's work—whether in whole or in part, whether involving the same or different material each time—counts as a revert. Also keep in mind that while violating the three-revert rule often leads to a block, you can still be blocked for edit warring—'''even if you don't violate the three-revert rule'''—should your behavior indicate that you intend to continue reverting repeatedly.

To avoid being blocked, instead of reverting please consider using the article's [[WP:TALK|talk page]] to work toward making a version that represents [[Wikipedia:Consensus|consensus]] among editors. See [[WP:BRD|BRD]] for how this is done. You can post a request for help at a relevant [[Wikipedia:Noticeboards|noticeboard]] or seek [[Wikipedia:Dispute resolution|dispute resolution]]. In some cases, you may wish to request temporary [[Wikipedia:Protection policy|page protection]].  [[User:Dougweller|Dougweller]] ([[User talk:Dougweller|talk]]) 15:57, 29 December 2012 (UTC)</s>

:Instead of a warning accusing me of misusing the 3RR warning you really should have asked me why I warned you. I've replied on my talk page explaining why and explaining that discussion doesn't override 3RR - 3RR, even with accompanying discussion, is a bright line rule. As you yourself noted, your 3rd edit says it's a revert although it wasn't. I've raised the issue at [[Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)#Adding a new see also showing up as a revert]]. Automatic edit summaries should be trustworthy but that one wasn't. [[User:Dougweller|Dougweller]] ([[User talk:Dougweller|talk]]) 07:48, 30 December 2012 (UTC)

::I'm striking out my warning. I note that you are now saying that you weren't even at 2RR although [en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Earthquake_prediction&diff=530232191&oldid=530209135] and [en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Earthquake_prediction&diff=530200893&oldid=530044675] are clearly reverts. It's no good making accusations that I misused the template as I didn't, I simply didn't recognise that the edit summary could be wrong. And as I said, I've raised that at [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Village_pump_(technical)&oldid=530440097]. What you need to understand now is both how 3RR works (ie discussion doesn't matter, you still can't breach it), and that as you have now been warned and even had it explained further, no one needs to warn you again so you mustn't assume that without a warning you can breach 3RR. I'm not suggesting that you would, I'm just trying to make this explicit as some people in my experience haven't understood this. [[User:Dougweller|Dougweller]] ([[User talk:Dougweller|talk]]) 12:32, 30 December 2012 (UTC)

:::For the record, the edits cited immediately above do not show a violation of 2RR. I would ask that anyone who doubts that confirm that 3RR states, "An editor must not perform '''more than''' three reverts". For those who aren't good at math, confirm that [https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=3+%3E+3 the truth value of 3 > 3 is false] and [https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=2+%3E+2 the truth value of 2 > 2 is false] too! (But [https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=4+%3E+3 the truth value of 4 > 3 is true] and [https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=3+%3E+2 the truth value of 3 > 2 is true].) That's why my two reverts (which is '''more than''' '''''one''''' revert ''only'') didn't violate 2RR or even come close to violating 3RR. I [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Dougweller/Archive_26#December_2012 warned Dougweller because I hadn't violated 3RR or 2RR]. Where's my gold medal for having the patience of a saint, continuing to AGF, and taking the time to explain that? I guess my vacation shored up my tolerance. Speaking of horses, hopefully there will be no further [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flogging_a_dead_horse beating of this dead nRR horse]!--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 00:39, 2 March 2013 (UTC)

== Ford Museum/Presidential Libraries ==

Here's my first attempt at {{tl|PD-USGov-PresLib}}

This photograph/scan/photocopy is a work of an employee or sub-contractor of the Presidential Libraries, a branch of NARA (National Archives andRecords Administration, taken or made during the course of the person's official duties. As a work of the U.S. federal government, the image is in the public domain (17 U.S.C. § 101 and § 105).

The subject of the photograph (artifact, document or other media) has no known copyright restrictions, and NARA and Wikipedia are not liable for any rights infringements (44 U.S.C. Chapter 21 § 2117)*

*(44 U.S.C. Chapter 21) § 2117. Limitation on liability

When letters and other intellectual productions (exclusive of patented material, published works under copyright protection, and unpublished works for which copyright registration has been made) come into the custody or possession of the Archivist, the United States or its agents are not liable for infringement of copyright or analogous rights arising out of use of the materials for display, inspection, research, reproduction, or other purposes.

I'll run this by the NARA Lawyers when we get far enough. Thoughts? [[User:Bdcousineau|Bdcousineau]] ([[User talk:Bdcousineau|talk]]) 01:59, 31 December 2012 (UTC)

:Commons administrators don't always agree with each other. But, there are commons admins who have deleted work work that is believed to have been done by NASA subcontractors, and my requests that this work be undeleted have been denied; closely read https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Undeletion_requests/Archive/2012-12#Request_for_undeletion_of_public_domain_work_from_NASA_HQ_on_flickr. So your uploads marked as work of an "... or subcontractor" could be in a precarious position if you used the license you've drafted... unless further steps are taken. Perhaps the a NARA lawyer would approve the license that included, "sub-contractors of the Presidential Libraries are not permitted to assert copyright in such works" or "NARA's Contracting Officer has not provided express written permission to any contractors to assert copyright in any work done under contact." I would expect the lawyers to be aware if any exceptions had been granted to the FAR, and thus comfortable signing off on such a statement.

:If you create this license AND then ask a NARA lawyer if it's OK for you to use, and get a yes, I think works from the Presidential Libraries you uploaded and tagged with it would be pretty safe on Commons. Whether you will get approval, I don't dare predict.

:Re the quote from the US Code: I would suggest you put it in quotes add a link to http://www.archives.gov/about/laws/nara.html#limit . This is a great find! I think you MAY have hit a home run with this one.

Oh, and I changed the subject of this comment; we're talking about a tag for all the Presidential Libraries (you could use a separate one for the Ford stuff, but
let's see if just a {{tl|PD-USGov-PresLib}) will do).--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 21:42, 2 January 2013 (UTC)

::It's amazing to me that these questions are coming up all over Wikipedia at the same time. I'm now determined to concentrate on pre-1978 materials until I gain a little more experience/can be more authoritative.
::Also, our subcontractors are not regulated by FAR - each of the Pres Libs have a non-profit foundation attached to them that fund projetcs like this as part of their education mandate. These tend to be college kids paid stipends for their work. This will be the first time we have a paid youngster doing photography, and we are having language drafted by the NARA lawyers stipulating she gives up all reproduction rights/copyrights.
::I like the "sub-contractors of the Presidential Libraries are not permitted to assert copyright in such works" . I'm curious to see what the NARA lawyers say.
::As for that quote from the US Code, I thought it pretty great too, but another WikiAdmin was not too convinced...like you said! [[User:Bdcousineau|Bdcousineau]] ([[User talk:Bdcousineau|talk]]) 00:07, 3 January 2013 (UTC)

== HFCS and Health ==

Hello Elvey. Please review the updated conversation on Neutrality at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:High-fructose_corn_syrup_and_health Thank you. [[User:Jtankers|Jtankers]] ([[User talk:Jtankers|talk]]) 23:34, 1 January 2013 (UTC)
:OK. I fixed your post so I could read/use it.--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 22:21, 2 January 2013 (UTC)

== Pledge seal ==

[[File:Anti-Corruption Pledge.png|frameless|left]]
Here you are: I think this should be what you were asking about at [[Wikipedia:Media copyright questions/Archive/2012/December#Impossible?]]. If not, let me know and I'll see what I can do about getting more/different images uploaded. [[User:VernoWhitney|VernoWhitney]] ([[User talk:VernoWhitney|talk]]) 20:57, 31 December 2012 (UTC)
{{-}}
==Welcome back==
Hi, Elvey, welcome back from your vacation. I hope you're not having any problems editing. [[User:Bishonen|Bishonen]] | [[User talk:Bishonen|talk]] 16:13, 25 January 2013 (UTC).
:No, I've successfully avoided editing - 'till today! Thanks again for the break! --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 23:29, 1 March 2013 (UTC)
==Links==
Hi, In the article [[County of Santa Clara v. California First Amendment Coalition]] and in its associated talk page, I see that the links for the references pointing to the website opendataconsortium.org are all broken, i.e. the reader is simply redirected to that website's home page. I tried to search that website with the terms CFAC and Santa Clara, with no result. Do you know if the documents are still somewhere on that website or if they were removed from it and/or if they are available somewhere else on the web? Thanks in advance if you can help. -- [[User:Asclepias|Asclepias]] ([[User talk:Asclepias|talk]]) 18:05, 8 February 2013 (UTC)
:Have you checked the usual web archives? (See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Preventing_and_repairing_dead_links.) -Elvey
::I see you have, and [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=County_of_Santa_Clara_v._California_First_Amendment_Coalition&diff=541920405&oldid=528723912 were able to repair the dead links]. :-) --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 07:35, 7 April 2013 (UTC)

==JJ ANI==
I've [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Administrators%27_noticeboard&diff=prev&oldid=542520846 removed] your copy of my comment. I did not mean it for the ANI, and you should have at minimum notified me, or more appropriately asked my permission.

The outright dismissal of you and your complaint without addressing any of the issues is exactly what to expect. Take their advice: write up a much more concise complaint, provide many more diffs, be sure that most are directly related to the sanctions and past rulings from ArbCom, then take it to ArbCom enforcement. --[[User:Ronz|Ronz]] ([[User talk:Ronz|talk]]) 05:27, 7 March 2013 (UTC)

<the following two comments copied from Ronz's page.>

:Sorry about the copy. JJ had gone so far as to notice which notices I'd signed, but I could have considered other issues. I don't feel like I know how to/can do what you suggest - for multiple reasons. If you can do it, you're more than welcome to (assuming my effort fails as you seem certain it will). --Elvey (talk) 12:15 am, 7 March 2013, Thursday (1 month, 1 day ago) (UTC−8)
::Not a problem. --Ronz (talk) 8:54 am, 7 March 2013, Thursday (1 month, 1 day ago) (UTC−8)

== I repeat ==

I'd still like to know if you think a 3RR warning is meant to be given to an editor who has made 3 reverts or to an editor who has made more than 3 reverts. In the discussion about the 3RR warning I mistakenly gave you, you wrote[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Dougweller/Archive_26#December_2012] "I didn't break 3RR"(I never suggested you did) and " So even if I had violated 2RR <sic>, which I hadn't and you acknowledge I hadn't, you abused the template by using it to accuse me of edit warring." But that's wrong. If you'd "violated 2RR" ('violated' is a confusing word here as there is nothing to violate) you would be at 3RR and the template would have been appropriate - that's what it's for. Are we agreed on this? It's a bit much that you are still badgering me to do something I consider I've done and yet won't answer this question - since you are still maintaining your accusation that I abused the template. [[User:Dougweller|Dougweller]] ([[User talk:Dougweller|talk]]) 22:10, 10 March 2013 (UTC)

:[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Administrators%27_noticeboard&diff=prev&oldid=543271881 Long since answered]:

::I'd still like to know - do you accept that you falsely accused me about half a dozen times long after I'd shown I had NOT violated 2RR (as I believe the diffs above show) or that "Clearly the 'failure to get a clue' was yours?" I see that you retracted one false accusation ''but then [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Administrators%27_noticeboard&diff=542988233&oldid=542987549 reverted] that retraction''. Yes, you said "sorry for the confusion", but you didn't say sorry '''to''' me, rather, you did continue to assert that '''the confusion was mine'''. I have not said anything that actually showed I was confused or wrong about what the warning you misused is for; if you think I have, feel free to provide a diff/link. You haven't acknowledged or apologized for ''your'' confusion. '''Would you please explicitly (e.g. state here that you) retract the ~half dozen false accusations I linked to above?''' (rather than doing so in place but then restoring them?) --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey|talk]]) 1:07 pm, 10 March 2013, Sunday (17 days ago) (UTC−7)

== Admin ridiculousness ==

I'm sure we all agreee ... There are lots of ridiculous claims out there ... made by fellow editors. But, we have [[WP:V]].
Few admins think [[WP:V]] doesn't apply to their contributions to the encyclopedia itself. Unfortunately, a stupid decision made by many administrators is to decide that [[WP:V]] doesn't apply when it comes to telling regular editors what to do or not do. They think that to respect their authority, other editors must take their advice, even when it isn't supported by policy - even when it is flatly contradicted by policy.
If editors don't do so, they are, ironically, accused of not listening, or REFUSING to read.

I've seen them abuse a few editors in this way. If these mere holders of the mop are called on this, they may get hot under the collar and, unable to mount a legitimate defence, they may make effective but illegitimate, ridiculous accusations (of sockpuppetry or some other trumped up and/or hypocritical charge), and force editors to comply by abusing their authority, even when their use of force isn't supported by policy - even when it is flatly contradicted by policy.

Far too many admins demand, and insist upon unquestioning obedience, which is an abuse of their authority. Those that do should be desysopped. But they aren't. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 07:35, 7 April 2013 (UTC)

== Next steps ==

I don't actually expect the above to fall on anything but deaf ears at best, retaliatory ears in all likelihood, but it needs to be said. 2+2=4. Copying one's own words on-wiki is never a copyvio. It's like having respect for the first amendment. It's easy to follow the rules when dealing with an editor you agree with. The sign of a good admin is one who can do so wen dealing with someeone they don't agree with. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 07:35, 7 April 2013 (UTC)

= Newer =

== Possibly unfree File:Jerry Rosenberg 1424049c.jpg ==

A file that you uploaded or altered, [[:File:Jerry Rosenberg 1424049c.jpg]], has been listed at [[Wikipedia:Possibly unfree files]] because its copyright status is unclear or disputed. If the file's copyright status cannot be verified, it may be deleted. You may find more information on the [[:File:Jerry Rosenberg 1424049c.jpg|file description page]]. You are welcome to add comments to its entry at [[Wikipedia:Possibly unfree files/2013 April 1#File:Jerry Rosenberg 1424049c.jpg|the discussion]] if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you.  [[User:Stefan2|Stefan2]] ([[User talk:Stefan2|talk]]) 23:06, 1 April 2013 (UTC)

:Grr! ShakespeareFan deleted the FUR I'd added, then SFan deleted the license template, and now this. Dealt with. WAS KEPT. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 07:35, 7 April 2013 (UTC)

== Thanks... ==

...for the "updatification" on github. I'm just getting started with [[regex]], so your help was very much appreciated! It's definitely a powerful tool, and I'm looking forward to doing more with it in the future. —'''[[User:Theopolisme|Theopolisme]] ([[User talk:Theopolisme|talk]])''' 00:34, 19 April 2013 (UTC)

== TUSC token fcc5883c9446e2f1d6160777e470e532 ==



== Filemover ==

You referenced filemover [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Files_for_deletion/2013_April_18&diff=552900754&oldid=552797922 here]. Would you like the permission? (It is as a general rule not a good idea to rename a file during the IFD itself because if the redirect gets deleted, then the bot will close the discussion ... but if you would have a use for it in general, you certainly are a sufficiently trusted user for the permission.) --[[User:B|B]] ([[User talk:B|talk]]) 22:35, 5 May 2013 (UTC)
:Yes, please. I'll use it responsibly, though I won't promise to use it often. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 16:37, 10 May 2013 (UTC)

== Breakage at User talk:Misza13 ==

Hi, {{diff|User talk:Misza13|prev|554825185|this edit}} broke the page because you put an exclamation mark immediately after the {{tlxs|Bump}}. Because of the way that template operates, the exclamation mark was taken by the MediaWiki parser as occurring at the start of a line; and since [[User talk:Misza13]] is laid out as a table with a single row containing one huge cell, that exclamation mark was processed as the start of a second cell on the same row. Hence the two columns where there was only one before. --[[User:Redrose64|Redrose64]] ([[User talk:Redrose64|talk]]) 10:11, 13 May 2013 (UTC)
:Ah, thanks for responding to the edit summary of [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Misza13&diff=554825694&oldid=554825185 the edit where I fixed the problem by reverting everything that looked suspicious]. The explanation makes sense. I wonder how many people have added {{tlxs|Bump}}! to articles that are giant tables too. Probably not too many.--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 15:29, 13 May 2013 (UTC)

== A barnstar for you! ==

{| style="background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;"
|rowspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;" | [[File:Peace Barnstar Hires.png|100px]]
|style="font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;" | '''The Barnstar of Diplomacy'''
|-
|style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;" | I am awarding you this Barnstar of Diplomacy for helping to peacefully resolve a conflict instead of allowing it to escalate. [[User:Guy Macon|Guy Macon]] ([[User talk:Guy Macon|talk]]) 10:45, 7 June 2013 (UTC)
|}

== Re: Mobile Phones SAR List ==

Hi! I looked into the history of the article in question and it looks like the author actually did request that it be deleted. He [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Specific_absorption_rate#Mobile_phone_SAR_list commented] that he was going to create it on the page and nobody said anything. He then created it and after a while, [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Mobile Phones SAR List|put it up for AfD himself]]. The article doesn't have to be blanked for it to be speedied under this context and another user can tag the page as such if they notice that the author is asking for the page to be deleted. If you want to take a copy into your userspace then that's an option, or if you want to have it recreated and run through a full AfD, I would probably recommend that you go through [[Wikipedia:Deletion review|deletion review]] rather than re-create the page with a complaint over the article's deletion. That doesn't really accomplish much in the long run, whereas deletion review could end with the page being re-created. [[User:Tokyogirl79|Tokyogirl79]][[user talk:Tokyogirl79|''' (｡◕‿◕｡)''']]
…
::Thanks. I agree - yes, "it '''<big>looks like</big>''' the author actually did request that it be deleted". But it's not true that "the author actually did request that it be deleted" because the apparent author isn't really the author. The deleted content was actually authored by a whole bunch of people adding SARs for various devices. I'm not sure the deletion should be reversed, but it deserves a proper chance and notification of the ACTUAL authors.--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 17:25, 20 June 2013 (UTC)

== [[Wikipedia:Copyright problems]] help request ==

This is a [[Wikipedia:Template limits|known problem]] that can only be solved by clearing the backlog. [[User:MER-C|MER-C]] 12:39, 20 June 2013 (UTC)
:Yes, I made some follow-up comments there to inform others encountering that and related issues.--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 18:04, 21 June 2013 (UTC)

== Alicia Berrios help request ==
Hello Mr. Elvey,
My name is Alicia Berrios and I have worked hard and requested assistance for the Article, Luis A. Cordero. I was able to read your note and I don't quite understand. I am new to Wikipidea. I would greatly appreciate any help or recommendation. Thank you! Alicia De Los Angeles Berrios 16:13, 25 June 2013 (UTC) — Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Aberrios13|Aberrios13]] ([[User talk:Aberrios13|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Aberrios13|contribs]])  
:Reply at [[Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Luis_A._Cordero]]. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 17:45, 25 June 2013 (UTC)

== Hello. ==

Hi. Thanks for message. Not sure who you mean or which incident you're referring to, but does it involve a certain A.D., or a G.M? Both are as you describe. Pls remind me. Cheers. [[User:Hengistmate|Hengistmate]] ([[User talk:Hengistmate|talk]]) 10:42, 26 June 2013 (UTC)

==Paid editing==
Hey Elvey, just to move this off SlimVirgin's page: I think that an RfC or some other measure is a good idea. However, my experience with this issue is that editors are happy with the lax and loophole-ridden guideline that currently exists. When Wikipedia received a trouncing in the press for letting BP in effect write large swaths of [[BP]], Wales and the community circled the wagons. I notice that the "paid editing" policy did not get community support. [[User:Coretheapple|Coretheapple]] ([[User talk:Coretheapple|talk]]) 20:09, 29 June 2013 (UTC)
:I think it's likely that editors with a CoI have been the swing !vote, and that off-wiki canvassing occurs. I think SlimVirgin's new Essay is wrong, so I'm following up on that on her talk page.--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 21:56, 29 June 2013 (UTC)
::I saw that. Intriguing. [[User:Coretheapple|Coretheapple]] ([[User talk:Coretheapple|talk]]) 22:55, 29 June 2013 (UTC)

== AN/I discussion ==
(trimmed discussion) Kim: Re. Carnildo's comment - come on, suggesting a page that is on the whole misleading, and therefore unhelpful be deleted is some sort of policy violation? I doubt it. Seems like a constructive effort. I didn't even notice or look to see who owned the bot. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 17:46, 8 September 2013 (UTC)

== Olive branch ==

So it looks like the AN/I closed without either one of us getting whacked. That's probably for the best, I'm not sure that a week or so of either of us being blocked would have improved the encyclopedia.

I would like to extend an olive branch to you, in the hopes that we can work on it cooperatively. I do ask that you do your best to engage in cooperative and constructive discussions, and with an open mind that there may be some stuff in copyright doctrine here that you might not yet know or understand.

I am aware that I owe you a response in the article at the moment, and my free time is short this week. I hope to get a response to you over the weekend, but if not, then Monday for sure. I want to be able to devote enough time to make sure I get my points across with clarity, and it won't be fair to you or productive for either of us if I shove in a one-liner just to have a response to you. Will that work for you? [[User:TJRC|TJRC]] ([[User talk:TJRC|talk]]) 23:11, 23 August 2013 (UTC)

:Thanks. Take your time responding on the talk page. I may take a while to reply too. Yes, I do intend and agree to, as always - and ask that you also commit and agree to do your best to - engage in cooperative and constructive discussions, and to do so with an open mind that there may be some stuff that you might not yet know or understand. As noted, e.g. at AN/I and elsewhere, I do feel bruised and aware of many territory disputes, so to speak, requiring diplomatic attention, but I'd be happy if a cease fire took hold. Shall we take a look at the policies and concerns noted at the AN/I and each make an effort to only say what we can that's conciliatory in response, as a first step forward? toward peaceful, constructive editing? --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 06:07, 24 August 2013 (UTC)

== tweaks ==

Consider reapplying [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Privacy_policy&diff=5797903&oldid=5797900 these] suggested tweaks to your post.--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey|talk]]) 19:34, 9 September 2013 (UTC)

:Yeah sure! Thx for the cleanup. Cheers, --[[User:Gego|Gego]] ([[User talk:Gego|talk]]) 20:18, 11 September 2013 (UTC)

==Talkback==
{{talkback|Malik Shabazz|History undeletion needed|ts=19:44, 20 September 2013 (UTC)}}

== Continuing an edit war ==

Please be aware that [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Copyright_status_of_work_by_the_U.S._government&diff=574297295&oldid=573834998 this edit] suggests you are continuing an edit war ([//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Administrators%27_noticeboard/3RRArchive223#User:TJRC_reported_by_User:Elvey_.28Result:_.29 already reported at WP:AN3]) without making any further effort to get consensus. Since the war has been running since August, anyone who continues is running the risk of a block. I recommend that you undo this edit to avoid sanctions. The steps of [[WP:Dispute resolution]] are open to both of you. Consider asking for assistance at [[WP:DRN]]. The closer of [//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Administrators%27_noticeboard/IncidentArchive809#TJRC your August report at ANI] told you that you were in battleground territory and you were warned to drop the stick. Thank you, [[User:EdJohnston|EdJohnston]] ([[User talk:EdJohnston|talk]]) 13:18, 24 September 2013 (UTC)

Ed, Can you please be specific about why you think I'm not following the following steps from [[WP:Dispute resolution]] that you noted are open to both of [us]? a) If I'm misunderstanding DR, I'd like to figure out how, and would appreciate your help. b) Likewise, if you're misunderstanding my dispute with TJRC, I'd hope that you'd be willing to figure out how. Are we willing to figure out a and b together, open to the possibility that that the misunderstanding could well be with either of us? If so, say so; I am if you are, and I'm happy to self-revert at the beginning. (If not, then please, just block me now; I don't want to attempt a discussion with someone who loves to talk but isn't really willing to truly explain or listen, and I fear you are headed toward blocking me without providing a basis in policy for doing so that I find comprehensible.)

I saw your and TJRC's comments mentioning DR and reviewed it before reverting - what you call 'continuing an edit war'. What I read was the first few sections of [[WP:Dispute resolution]] :

1 Avoiding conflict
1.1 Follow the normal protocol
1.2 Discuss with the other party
1.3 Focus on content
1.4 Disengage

1 says "approaching, in good faith, the editor or editors concerned and explaining what you find objectionable and why you think so." I am pretty sure I did this with the edit you're telling me I must revert. 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 - What I've been up to. (Re. 1.3, see

Also, please be specific about why you think I'm "continuing an edit war" by quoting from policy. In particular, I'd be more than happy to self-revert if I saw any truth to what you are saying, but I just don't see it - especially your "without making any further effort to get consensus" accusation doesn't fly, AFAICT: It seems to me that the WPAN I opened counts as '''significant''' further effort by me to get consensus, as are my comments on the talk page ([https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Copyright_status_of_work_by_the_U.S._government&diff=573856586&oldid=573838109 most recent one]) (and my edit summaries). Please provide a basis for your disagreement, if it persists. I would REALLY like to reach consensus with you, Ed, on whether there's a foundation in policy for the suggested self-revert.
I believe that continuing to edit article content ''while'' making significant further effort to get consensus is not only permissible, but encouraged behavior, per policy. If I'm mistaken in that regard, please explain by quoting from policy. [UPDATE - I just noticed that "Note that an editor who repeatedly restores his or her preferred version is edit warring" has been [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Edit_warring&diff=502925738&oldid=500955306 added] to the [[WP:EDITWAR]] policy. That's a pretty huge change. I'd say it means what I said - "continuing to edit article content ''while'' making significant further effort to get consensus is not only permissible, but encouraged behavior" - no longer conforms to policy. Not a good change, IMO, but it is what it is.]

P.S. Should I not have made [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:TJRC&diff=prev&oldid=574295238 this edit] and/or the underlying or following edit? Why/why not, in your view, Ed?

P.P.S. Did you see [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk%3AKim_Dent-Brown&diff=570007474&oldid=569882696 diff], re. the stick? Neither MLauba nor Kim responded re. policy compliance.

(Don't edit this section if you're not me or Ed. )

--[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 18:41, 24 September 2013 (UTC)

== [[:File:Jerry Brown portrait (1984).jpg]] ==

You've got two fair use and a PD tag on the image. Conflicting licensing information (particularly as the English Wikipedia only requires works to be free in the US) is liable to get the image deleted. Something needs to be cleaned up on that image page. — [[User:Crisco 1492|Crisco 1492]] ([[User talk:Crisco 1492|talk]]) 12:14, 26 September 2013 (UTC)
:Yup, you're right. I self-reverted.
:I then took further action to address the residual conflicting information, though I don't think it was a big problem at that point.
:As I said, I've seen folks make (unsupported) claims that similar works are not PD, and then delete them, and expect more such activity. But you uploaded it, so I won't get mad if you revert me more. --[[User:Elvey|Elvey]] ([[User talk:Elvey#top|talk]]) 20:10, 26 September 2013 (UTC)
:*I'm unfamiliar with California state law regarding that government's copyright, so I'm not willing to tag it anything but FU. Perhaps a question at [[WP:MCQ]] would work? — [[User:Crisco 1492|Crisco 1492]] ([[User talk:Crisco 1492|talk]]) 22:35, 26 September 2013 (UTC)

== Your comments on [[Talk:Copyright status of work by the U.S. government‎]] ==

I have collapsed your entire section titled "Dispute resolution" (which was in reality a laundry list of grievances stretching back multiple months) - you've been here long enough to know that an article's talk page is meant to discuss the evolution of the article, not further personal disputes.

I also note that contrary to what you have been advised over a month ago when [[User:Kim Dent-Brown|Kim]] and myself closed the ANI discussion, you appear to still be carrying the sticks that you were asked to drop. As you mentioned elsewhere that you felt both of us did not wait until you were finished rehashing those same old grievances before we closed, let me be perfectly clear.

This dispute is absurd. What makes it absurd is not the editorial disagreement over how the article should be phrased, but rather the endless tireless tirades of complaints about the form of the discussion. The section I just collapsed is a prime example. 90% is devoted to complaining about another user, complaining that he isn't answering you (there's nothing that forces another user to enter into a renewed dialogue with you), complaining about talk page issues and edits stretching back to Spring.

When I re-closed the ANI, my thinking was simple. Out of the dispute you had with [[User:TJRC|TJRC]], there was plenty of blame over, in the grand scheme of things, trivial matters, on both sides. A major difference though was that TJRC was willing to walk away from the dispute and you are, obviously, unwilling to do so, and you still haven't dropped the sticks. I was considering blocking you at the time, but refrained, as Kim's approach was a sensible way of defusing the situation, and a block then would have been counter-productive. But that was then.

So to make this formal, your behaviour in this matter is [[WP:DE|disruptive]] and you are now firmly in [[WP:BATTLE|battleground territory]]. As a consequence please note that if you persist further, your editing privileges will be removed. Your best option at this stage is simply to remove the article from your watchlist and walk away. If you cannot do that, you should concentrate on proposing edits and arguing merits of proposals without personalizing your disagreement. At any rate, please do not, under any circumstances:
* Discuss other editors
* Accuse other editors
* Lecture other editors
* Rehash any portion of this dispute that goes beyond, strictly, the wording of article content
* Edit war
This whole affair has gone long enough; it will end now, one way or another. [[User:MLauba|MLauba]] '''''('''[[User talk:MLauba|Talk]]''')''''' 12:26, 2 October 2013 (UTC)

{{tb|MediaWiki_talk:Spam-whitelist}}

== at [[WT:COI]] ==

I responded to your comment. [[User:Smallbones|Smallbones]]([[User talk:Smallbones|smalltalk]]) 03:17, 28 October 2013 (UTC)

== Questions on the "List of atheists in science and technology" inclusion discussion ==

Dear Elvey, I remember we both had a discussion on the rules of including scientists into this list. Anyway, there is a Wikipedia user named "Pgarret" who is removing some well documented people (like [[Alan Turing]] and [[Steve Wozniak]]) from this list because he/she is commenting that Wikipedia's policy states that scientists must labeled themselves as atheists. "Pgarret" is also removing atheists who had said some nice things about religion (which I don't understand). Like I said before, if we were to take this guideline in a strict fashion, even [[Richard Dawkins]] would not be included in the list since he also called himself an agnostic as well. Source:[[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2105834/Career-atheist-Richard-Dawkins-admits-fact-agnostic.html 'I can't be sure God DOES NOT exist': World's most notorious atheist Richard Dawkins admits he is in fact agnostic]]. Anyway, you could please take part in the discussion in this article talk-page: "[[Talk:List of atheists in science and technology]]". Or could find and contact other administrators to take part in this issue? If not, could you please tell me how to alert other wikpedian users/administrators into this debate? I would appreciate it. [[User:Ninmacer20|Ninmacer20]] ([[User talk:Ninmacer20|talk]]) 18:38, 9 November 2013 (UTC)

== Question about copyright status of University of California work ==

Hi Elvey, 
I think that some time ago you mentioned that material created by the state of California is usually in the public domain, but that there are exceptions which allow the University of California to own the copyright on its material. Could you please let me know under which law the University material is protected? I found many sources which confirm that the University material is under copyright protection, but so far I was not yet able to find the respective law. If you know it, I would be very thakful for the citation of the respective law. Thanks!--[[User:Casecrer|Casecrer]] ([[User talk:Casecrer|talk]]) 23:19, 18 November 2013 (UTC)

Talk:University of California, Berkeley

2013-11-18T18:25:13Z

Casecrer: /* Seal */

UC Berkeley College of Engineering

2013-11-18T18:05:39Z

Casecrer: Replacing fair-use by public domain image. See also discussion page.

{{coord|37|52|25.78|N|122|15|32.57|W|region:US|display=title}}
{{Infobox University
|name= University of California, Berkeley College of Engineering
|image_name = The University of California 1868.svg
|image_size = 200px
|established= 1931
|type= [[Public university|Public]] Professional School
|dean= [[Shankar S. Sastry]]
|undergrad = 2,857 <ref name="facts">{{cite web |url=http://coe.berkeley.edu/about/college-facts.html |title=College Facts |accessdate=2010-03-26 |publisher=}}</ref>
|postgrad = 1,663 <ref name=facts/>
| faculty = 228 <ref name=facts/>
| ranking = 3 <ref>[http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-engineering-schools/rankings - Best Graduate Schools - Education - US News and World Report]</ref>
|city = [[University of California, Berkeley|Berkeley]]
|state = [[California]]
|country = [[United States|USA]]
|affiliations = [[University of California, Berkeley]]
|website= http://www.coe.berkeley.edu/
}}

[[Image:UC Berkeley College of Engineering.jpg|thumb|240px|McLaughlin Hall, College of Engineering administration building.]]

The '''College of Engineering''' is one of 14 schools and colleges at the [[University of California, Berkeley]]. The College of Engineering is ranked second in the nation, after [[MIT]], according to the 2010 U.S. News & World Report rankings; It houses one of the most highly regarded and prestigious engineering programs in the world. The college was established in 1931 from a merger of the Colleges of Mechanics and the College of Civil Engineering. The College of Mining was integrated into the college in 1942. The college is currently situated in 11 buildings on the northeast side of the central campus, and also operates at the 150 acre (607,000 m²) [[Richmond Field Station]]. There are 54,000 living graduates of the College of Engineering, living in all 50 states and nearly 100 countries, with the majority living in California.<ref name=facts/>

== Departments ==
* [[Bioengineering]] (BioE)
* [[Civil engineering|Civil]] and [[Environmental Engineering]] (CEE)
* [[Electrical Engineering]] and [[Computer science|Computer Sciences]] ([[Electrical Engineering and Computer Science|EECS]])
* [[Industrial Engineering]] and [[Operations Research]] (IEOR)
* [[Materials Science and Engineering]] (MSE)
* [[Mechanical Engineering]] (ME)
* [[Nuclear Engineering]] (NE)
* An inter-departmental program in [[Engineering Science]] (EngSci)

The [[UC Berkeley College of Letters and Science|College of Letters and Science]] also offers a [[Bachelor of Arts]] in [[computer science]], which requires many of the same courses as the College of Engineering's [[Bachelor of Science]] in [[Electrical Engineering and Computer Science|EECS]], but has different admissions and graduation criteria. Berkeley's [[chemical engineering]] department is under the [[UC Berkeley College of Chemistry|College of Chemistry]].

==Research units==
All research facilities are managed by one of five Organized Research Units (ORUs):
*[[Earthquake engineering research|Earthquake Engineering Research]] Center - research and public safety programs against the destructive effects of earthquakes
*Electronics Research Laboratory - the largest ORU; advanced research in novel areas within seven different university departments, organized into five main divisions:
*#Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center
*#Berkeley Wireless Research Center
*#Gigascale Research Center - performs long-range research addressing the growing design productivity gap
*#Berkeley Northside Research Group
*#Micro Systems Group
*Engineering Systems Research Center - focuses on [[manufacturing]], [[mechatronics]], and microelectro mechanical systems ([[Microelectromechanical systems|MEMS]])
*Institute for Environmental Science and Engineering - focuses on applying [[basic research]] to current and future environmental problems
*Institute of Transportation Studies - sponsors research in transportation planning, policy analysis, environmental concerns and transportation system performance

===Major research centers and programs===

*Berkeley Multimedia Research Center
*[[Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society]] (CITRIS)
*Center for Intelligent Systems - developing a unified theoretical foundation for intelligent systems.
*Consortium on Green Design and Manufacturing
*[[Digital library|Digital Library Project]]
*UCSF/Berkeley Ergonomics Program
*International Computer Science Institute - basic research institute focusing on Internet architecture, [[Speech recognition|speech and language processing]], [[artificial intelligence]], and [[Cognitive science|cognitive]] and theoretical [[computer science]]
*[[Intel Research|Intel Research Laboratory @ Berkeley]]
*Integrated Materials Laboratory - facilities for research in [[Nanotechnology|nano-structure]] growth, processing, and characterization
*Microfabrication Laboratory
*The Millennium Project - developing a hierarchical campus-wide "[[Computer cluster|cluster of clusters]]" to support advanced computational applications
*[[Nokia Research Center]] @ Berkeley
*Pacific [[Earthquake engineering|Earthquake Engineering]] Research Center
*Partners for Advanced Transit & Highways - researching ways to improve the operation of [[California's state highway system]]
*Power Systems Engineering Research Center

== Notable projects ==
* [[Berkeley Lower Extremity Exoskeleton]]
* [[SPICE]] (Simulation Program with Integrated Circuits Emphasis)
* [[Berkeley Astrophysical CFD Results]]

== Student Organizations ==
* [[Pioneers in Engineering]]<ref>http://coe.berkeley.edu/students/current-undergraduates/student-involvement/engineering-student-societies.html#academic</ref>

==See also==
* [[University of California, Berkeley]]
* [[College of Engineering#California|Engineering colleges in California]]
* [[List of engineering programs in the California State University]]
* [[List of University of California, Berkeley faculty]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.coe.berkeley.edu/ Official site]
*[http://berkeley.edu/map/3dmap/3dmap.shtml Interactive map of UC Berkeley campus]

{{UC Berkeley Academics}}
{{California engineering colleges with ABET-accredited programs |state=expanded}}

[[Category:University of California, Berkeley]]
[[Category:Engineering universities and colleges in California]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1931]]
[[Category:Science and technology in the San Francisco Bay Area]]

University of California

2013-11-15T19:50:04Z

Casecrer:

{{distinguish2|its formerly synonymous first campus, the [[University of California, Berkeley]]}}
{{coord|37.802168|-122.271281|region:US|display=title}}
{{Infobox university
| name = University of California
| latin_name = Universitas Californiensis
| image = [[File:The University of California 1868.svg|250px|The seal of the University of California 1868]]
| motto = ''[[Fiat lux]]'' ([[Latin]])
| mottoeng = [[Let there be light]]
| established = 1868
| type = [[Public university|Public]] [[university system]]
| endowment = [[United States dollar|US$]]10.274 billion<ref name=Endowment>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/_files/report/UC_Annual_Endowment_Report_FY2011-2012.pdf |title=UC Annual Endowment Report, Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012 |accessdate=2013-01-26|publisher=Office of the Treasurer of the Regents of the University of California|format=PDF}}</ref>
| budget = [[United States dollar|US$]]22.7 billion (2011)<ref name=About/>
| president = [[Janet Napolitano]]
| city = [[Oakland, California|Oakland]]
| state = [[California]]
| country = [[United States]]
| students = 236,691 (Fall 2012)<ref name="Campus Facts">{{cite web|url=http://finreports.universityofcalifornia.edu/index.php?file=11-12/pdf/fullreport-2012.pdf |format=PDF |title=UC Financial Reports – Campus Facts in Brief |year=2011-12 |publisher=University of California}}</ref>
| undergrad = 184,562 (Fall 2012)<ref name="Campus Facts"/>
| postgrad = 52,129 (Fall 2012)<ref name="Campus Facts"/>
| colors = Blue & Gold
| faculty = 18,896 (Fall 2011)<ref name=About/>
| staff = 189,116 (Fall 2011)<ref name=About/>
| campus = 10 campuses under direct control (nine with undergraduate and graduate schools, one professional/graduate only), one affiliated law school, one national laboratory
| website = [http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu www.UniversityofCalifornia.edu]
| logo =
}}

The '''University of California''' ('''UC''') is a [[public university]] [[university system|system]] in the [[U.S. state]] of [[California]]. Under the [[California Master Plan for Higher Education]], the University of California is a part of the state's three-tier public [[higher education]] system, which also includes the [[California State University]] system and the [[California Community Colleges System]].

As of fall 2011, the University of California has 10 campuses, a combined [[student]] body of 234,464 students, 18,896 faculty members, 189,116 staff members, and over 1,600,000 living [[Alumnus|alumni]].<ref name=About>{{cite web|url=http://wiki.ucop.edu/display/UC101/About+the+University+of+California |title=About the University of California}}</ref>

Its first [[campus]], [[University of California, Berkeley|UC Berkeley]], was founded in 1868, while its tenth and newest campus, [[University of California, Merced|UC Merced]], opened for classes in fall 2005. Nine campuses enroll both [[Undergraduate education|undergraduate]] and [[graduate school|graduate]] students; one campus, [[University of California, San Francisco|UC San Francisco]], enrolls only graduate and professional students in the [[Medicine|medical]] and health sciences. In addition, the independently administered [[University of California, Hastings College of the Law|UC Hastings]]<ref>Hastings has a unique relationship with the University of California. In 1878, when Justice Serranus Clinton Hastings gave $100,000 to the University of California to start the law school bearing his name, he imposed two conditions: (1) the school must remain in San Francisco near the courts and (2) it could not be governed by the [[Regents of the University of California]]. See: [[University of California, Hastings College of the Law#History]]. Thus, UC Hastings functions as an eleventh UC campus, one of two in San Francisco.</ref>—located in San Francisco but not part of the UCSF campus—enrolls only graduate and professional students in legal studies.

The University of California's campuses boast large numbers of distinguished [[Faculty (division)|faculty]] in almost every field and it is widely regarded as one of the top public university systems in the world.

Eight of its undergraduate campuses are ranked among the top 100, six among the top 50, and two among the top 25 U.S. universities by ''[[U.S. News and World Report]]''. Among public schools, two of its undergraduate campuses are ranked in the top 5 (UC Berkeley at 1 and UCLA at 2), five in the top 10 (UC Davis and UC San Diego at 8, and UC Santa Barbara at 10), and all in the top 50 (UC Irvine at 12, UC Santa Cruz at 32, UC Riverside at 46), with the exception of the newly opened UC Merced (US News Rankings 2013). UC Berkeley is ranked fourth worldwide among public and private universities and two others—UCLA and UC San Diego—are ranked among the top 15 by the ''[[Academic Ranking of World Universities]]''.<ref>[http://www.shanghairanking.com/ARWU2012.html Academic Ranking of World Universities - 2012| Top 500 universities | Shanghai Ranking - 2012 | World University Ranking - 2012]</ref>

==History==
{{Refimprove|History|date=November 2009}}

[[File:Berkeley glade afternoon.jpg|thumb|[[University of California, Berkeley|Berkeley]] (1868)]]
[[File:Mission Bay, UCSF.jpg|thumb|[[University of California, San Francisco|San Francisco]] (1873)]]
[[File:RHall.JPG|thumb|[[University of California, Los Angeles|Los Angeles]] (1919)]]
[[File:Ucsbuniversitycenterandstorketower.jpg|thumb|[[University of California, Santa Barbara|Santa Barbara]] (1944)]]
[[File:UCR Belltower night.JPG|thumb|[[University of California, Riverside|Riverside]] (1954)]]
[[File:UC Davis Mondavi Center.jpg|thumb|[[University of California, Davis|Davis]] (1959)]]
[[File:Geisel library.jpg|thumb|[[University of California, San Diego|San Diego]] (1960)]]
[[File:Uc irvine8300001.jpg|thumb|[[University of California, Irvine|Irvine]] (1965)]]
[[File:Cowell College.jpg|thumb|[[University of California, Santa Cruz|Santa Cruz]] (1965)]]
[[File:UC Merced at night.jpg|thumb|[[University of California, Merced|Merced]](2005)]]

[[File:Universityofcaliforniaofficeofthepresident.jpg|thumb|right|UC Office of the President in [[Oakland]]]]

In 1849, the state of California ratified its first constitution, which contained the express objective of creating a complete educational system including a state [[university]]. Taking advantage of the [[Morrill Land Grant Act]], the [[California Legislature]] established an Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College in 1866. Meanwhile, [[Congregational]] [[minister of religion|minister]] [[Henry Durant]], an alumnus of [[Yale University|Yale]], had established the private Contra Costa Academy, on June 20, 1853 in [[Oakland, California]]. The initial site was bounded by Twelfth and Fourteenth Streets and Harrison and Franklin Streets in downtown Oakland. In turn, the Trustees of the Contra Costa Academy were granted a charter on April 13, 1855 for a [[College of California]]. State Historical Plaque No. 45 marks the site of the College of California at the northeast corner of Thirteenth and Franklin Streets in Oakland. Hoping both to expand and raise funds, the College of California's trustees formed the College Homestead Association and purchased 160 [[acre]]s (650,000 m²) of land in what is now [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]] in 1866. But sales of new homesteads fell short.

Governor [[Frederick Low]] favored the establishment of a state university based upon the [[University of Michigan]] plan, and thus in one sense may be regarded as the founder of the University of California. In 1867, he suggested a merger of the existing College of California with the proposed state university. On October 9, 1867, the College's trustees reluctantly agreed to merge with the state college to their mutual advantage, but under one condition—that there not be simply a "Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College," but a complete university, within which the College of California would become the College of Letters (now the College of Letters and Science). Accordingly, the Organic Act, establishing the University of California, was signed into law by Governor [[Henry H. Haight]] (Low's successor) on March 23, 1868.<ref>Harvey Helfand, ''University of California, Berkeley: An Architectural Tour and Photographs,'' (New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 2002), 6.</ref>

The University of California's second president, [[Daniel Coit Gilman]], opened the [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]] campus in September 1873. Earlier that year, Toland Medical College in San Francisco had agreed to become the University's "Medical Department"; it later evolved into [[University of California, San Francisco|UCSF]]. In 1878, the University established its first [[law school]] in San Francisco with a $100,000 gift from [[Serranus Clinton Hastings]], which is now known as [[University of California, Hastings College of the Law|Hastings College of the Law]].

In August 1882, a southern branch campus of the California State Normal School opened in Los Angeles.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.sjsu.edu/about_sjsu/history/timeline/1880/ | title = San José State University: About SJSU: 1880-1899 | publisher = San José State University}}</ref> The southern branch campus would remain under administrative control of the [[San Jose State University]] (California's oldest public university campus, established in 1857) until 1919, when by act of the California state legislature the school merged with the University of California in Berkeley, California, and was renamed the Southern Branch of the University of California.<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20060615035434/http://www.library.ucla.edu/libraries/special/scweb/archives.htm UCLA Library Special Collections / University Archives Home Page]</ref> This Southern Branch became [[University of California, Los Angeles|UCLA]] in 1927. In 1944, the former Santa Barbara State College—renamed [[UC Santa Barbara]]—became the third general-education campus of the University of California system.

In 1905, the Legislature established a "University Farm School" at [[Davis, California|Davis]] and in 1907 a "Citrus Experiment Station" at [[Riverside, California|Riverside]] as adjuncts to the College of Agriculture at Berkeley. In 1959, the Legislature promoted the "Farm" and "Experiment Station" to the rank of general campus, creating, respectively, [[UC Davis]] and [[UC Riverside]].

In 1932, [[Will Keith Kellogg]] donated his Arabian horse ranch in [[Pomona, California]] to the University of California system. However, the land remained largely unused and ownership was transferred to the [[California State University]] system in 1949. Kellogg's old ranch became the [[California State Polytechnic University, Pomona]] (Cal Poly Pomona).<ref>[http://www.wkkf.org/what-we-support/featured-work/cal-poly-pomona.aspx "Honoring the Legacy of W.K. Kellogg Through Access to Educational Opportunities"], W.K. Kellogg Foundation.</ref>

The [[San Diego, California|San Diego]] campus was founded as a marine station in 1912 and, in 1959, became [[University of California, San Diego|UCSD]]. UC established additional general campuses at [[Santa Cruz, California|Santa Cruz]] and [[Irvine, California|Irvine]] in 1965. [[University of California, Merced|UC Merced]] opened in fall 2005.

The [[California Master Plan for Higher Education]] of 1960 established that UC must admit undergraduates from the top 12.5% (one-eighth) of graduating high school seniors in California. Prior to the promulgation of the Master Plan, UC was to admit undergraduates from the top 15%. The University does not currently adhere to all tenets of the original Master Plan, such as the directive that no campus was to exceed total enrollment of 27,500 students in order to ensure quality. Three campuses, Berkeley, Davis, and Los Angeles, all currently enroll over 30,000.

According to Spanish newspaper reports, UC representatives have visited [[Madrid]], [[Spain]] to discuss the possibility of opening UC's first general campus outside of the U.S. there in 2014.<ref>{{cite web | author= | title=Un campus junto al parque Warner | url=http://www.abc.es/20100201/madrid-madrid/campus-junto-parque-warner-20100201.html | publisher=ABC | date=1 February 2010| accessdate=2010-03-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | author= | title=Respaldo al campus de la Universidad de California | url=http://www.abc.es/20100205/madrid-madrid/respaldo-campus-universidad-california-20100205.html | publisher=ABC | date=5 February 2010| accessdate=2010-03-05}}</ref>

==Academics==
UC researchers and faculty are responsible for 5,505 inventions and 2,497 patents. UC researchers create 3 new inventions per day on average.<ref>University of California, Office of the President, Press Release, September 28, 2005.[http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/2005/sep28.html]</ref>

The University of California and most of its campuses are members of the [[Association of American Universities|Association of American Universities (AAU)]]. Collectively, the system counts among its faculty (as of 2002):
*389 members of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences|Academy of Arts and Sciences]]
*5 [[Fields Medal]] recipients
*19 [[Fulbright Program|Fulbright]] Scholars
*25 [[MacArthur Fellows]]
*254 members of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]]
*91 members of the [[National Academy of Engineering]]
*13 [[National Medal of Science]] Laureates
*38 [[List of Nobel laureates|Nobel laureates]]. This is the largest number of laureates at any university.<ref>{{cite web | author= | title=Nobel Laureates and Universities | url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/lists/universities.html | publisher=The Nobel Foundation | year=2008 | accessdate=2008-03-06}}</ref>
*106 members of the [[Institute of Medicine]]

Eight campuses operate on the quarter system, while Berkeley and Merced are on the semester system. However, the [[David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA]] and all UC law schools operate on the semester system.

===UC Libraries===
{{Main|University of California Libraries}}
At 34 million items,<ref>[http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/cultural/libraries.html University of California Cultural Resources{{spaced ndash}}Libraries]. Accessed January 26, 2008.</ref> the University of California [[library]] system contains one of the largest collections in the world. Each campus maintains its own library catalog and also participates in the systemwide union catalog, [[Melvyl|MELVYL]]. Besides on-campus libraries, the UC system also maintains two regional library facilities (one each for Northern and Southern California), which each accept older items from all UC campus libraries in their respective region. As of 2007, Northern Regional Library Facility is home to 4.7 million volumes, while SRLF is home to 5.7 million.

==Governance==
The University of California is governed by the [[Regents of the University of California]], as required by the current [[California Constitution|Constitution of the State of California]]. Eighteen regents are appointed by the [[Governor of California|governor]] for 12-year terms. One member is a student appointed for a one-year term. There are also seven ''[[List of Latin phrases: E|ex officio]]'' members—the Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Speaker of the Assembly, Superintendent of Public Instruction, president and vice president of the Alumni Associations of UC, and the UC President. The Academic Senate, made up of faculty members, is empowered by the Regents to set academic policies. In addition, the system-wide faculty chair and vice-chair sit on the Board of Regents as non-voting members.

Originally, the President was directly in charge of the first campus, Berkeley, and in turn, all other UC locations (with the exception of Hastings College of the Law) were controlled by the Berkeley campus. In 1952, the system was reorganized so that day-to-day "[[chief executive officer]]" functions for each campus were transferred to [[Chancellor (education)|Chancellors]] who were entrusted with a high degree of autonomy.<ref>[http://regents.universityofcalifornia.edu/bylaws/so1006.html "Duties of the Chancellors"], Standing Order 100.6 of the Regents of the University of California.</ref> In turn, all Chancellors (again, with the exception of Hastings) report as equals to the UC President. Today, the UC Office of the President and the Office of the Secretary of the Regents of the University of California share an office building in downtown Oakland that serves as the UC system's [[headquarters]].

===Criticism and controversies===
The members of the UC governing structure have been criticized for confusion about their roles and responsibilities and for enjoying controversial perks.

In 2008, the [[Western Association of Schools and Colleges]], the regional accreditor of the UC schools, criticized the UC system for "significant problems in governance, leadership and decision making" and "confusion about the roles and responsibilities of the university president, the regents and the 10 campus chancellors with no clear lines of authority and boundaries."<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/02/12/BAPOV0C6G.DTL | title=UC criticized for poor governance, controls | work=San Francisco Chronicle |accessdate=2008-02-12 | last=Schevitz | first=Tanya | date=12 February 2008}}</ref>

Besides substantial six-figure incomes, the UC President and all UC chancellors enjoy controversial perks such as free housing in the form of university-maintained mansions.<ref name="sfgate_free_mansions">{{Cite news | url= http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2005/11/14/MNGDFFO0JJ1.DTL | title= Free mansions for people of means: UC system spends about US$1 million yearly on upkeep | newspaper= [[San Francisco Chronicle]] | date= 14 November 2005 | page= A9 | author= Tanya Schevitz & Todd Wallack | postscript= }}</ref> In 1962, Anson Blake's will donated his {{convert|10|acre|m2|sing=on}} estate ([[Blake Garden, Kensington|Blake Garden]]) and mansion (Blake House) in [[Kensington, California|Kensington]] to the University of California's Department of Landscape Architecture. In 1968, the Regents decided to make Blake House the official residence of the UC President. As of 2005, it cost around $300,000 per year to maintain Blake Garden and Blake House; the latter, built in 1926, is a {{convert|13239|sqft|m2|sing=on}} mansion with a view of San Francisco Bay.<ref name="sfgate_free_mansions"/>

All UC chancellors traditionally live for free in a mansion on or near campus that is usually known as ''University House'', where they host social functions attended by guests and donors.<ref>See University of California Policy 2.725, [http://www.ucop.edu/ucophome/coordrev/policy/univprov_hsing_policy.pdf "University-Provided Housing,"] 1 August 2009, 2, and University of California Business and Finance Bulletin G-45, [http://www.ucop.edu/ucophome/policies/bfb/g45.pdf "Implementing Requirements on Expenses Incurred in Support of Official Responsibilities of the President and Chancellors,"] 20 May 2008, 2.</ref> UCSD's University House has been closed since 2004 due to mold and severe structural deficiencies; renovation attempts have been halted indefinitely by the discovery that the home sits on top of [[Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act|legally protected Native American burial remains]].<ref>Eleanor Yang-Su, [http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2010/mar/25/regents-ok-foxs-housing-exception-20000-allowance/ "Regents OK Fox's housing exception, $20,000 allowance,"] ''[[San Diego Union-Tribune]]'', 25 March 2010.</ref>

In 2011, the California Student Sustainability Coalition launched a campaign to end California higher education’s use and support of coal and the coal industry “as it is fundamentally incompatible with our colleges and universities’ strong commitments to sustainability.” They state that the UC's heavy investment in the Russell 3000 Index, “a pooled fund that contains holdings in the top 3000 companies in the US by size … through the Russell fund, the UCs own shares of every major coal company in the US.” <ref>California Student Sustainability Coalition’s Reducing California’s Support of and Dependence on Coal report, http://www.sustainabilitycoalition.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/CSSC-Report-Main_FINAL.pdf, p.4</ref>

In 2011, the California Student Sustainability Coalition released a press release reporting the following:
“According to data released today, the University of California Regents hold $234 million in 15 of the largest coal mining and coal burning corporations including Massey Energy, Patriot Coal, and Ameren Corp., with millions more possibly in individual campus foundations. Records of endowment holdings through 2011 show that the $234 million the UC holds in the ‘Filthy 15’ coal companies includes:
- $25.8 million in Southern Company, the 4th largest carbon polluter internationally;
- $12.1 million in Peabody Energy, the world’s largest private sector coal company;
- $19.1 million in Duke Energy, responsible for 1,248 deaths due to pollution in 2009.” <ref>California Student Sustainability Coalition’s University of California Holds $234 Million in Filthy 15 Coal Corporations Press Release, http://www.sustainabilitycoalition.org/projects/end-coal-in-ca-higher-education</ref>

===UC Presidents===
{|
|-
|valign="top"|
* 1868–1869 [[Henry Durant]]
* 1869–1870 [[John LeConte]]
* 1870–1872 [[Henry Durant]]
* 1872–1875 [[Daniel Coit Gilman]]
* 1881–1885 [[W.T. Reid]]
* 1885–1888 [[Edward S. Holden]]
* 1888–1890 [[Horace Davis]]
* 1890–1899 [[Martin Kellogg]]
* 1899–1919 [[Benjamin Ide Wheeler]]
* 1919–1923 [[David Prescott Barrows]]
* 1923–1930 [[William Wallace Campbell]]
|valign="top"|
* 1930–1958 [[Robert Gordon Sproul]]
* 1958–1967 [[Clark Kerr]]
* 1967–1967 [[Harry R. Wellman]] (acting president)
* 1967–1975 [[Charles J. Hitch]]
* 1975–1983 [[David S. Saxon]]
* 1983–1992 [[David P. Gardner]]
* 1992–1995 [[Jack W. Peltason]]
* 1995–2003 [[Richard C. Atkinson]]
* 2003–2008 [[Robert C. Dynes]]
* 2008–2013 [[Mark Yudof]]
* 2013-present: [[Janet Napolitano]]
|}

On 13 August 2007, President Dynes announced that he would step down effective June 2008, or until his replacement was selected. However, he also announced that Provost Wyatt (Rory) Hume would take over as the system's chief operating officer, effective immediately. Three state lawmakers had publicly demanded his resignation for his handling of the executive pay compensation scandal that stemmed from UC system Provost M. R. C. Greenwood's violation of UC conflict-of-interest rules. (She had created a management job at UC headquarters for a friend with whom she owned rental property, and a subordinate, Winston Doby, improperly helped create a year-long internship for her son at UC Merced.)<ref>
{{Cite document
|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/08/14/MNVNRHPJA.DTL
|title=Dynes quitting as head of UC– presided over compensation scandal
|publisher=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]
|accessdate=2008-02-09
|last=Jones
|first=Carolyn
|date=August 14, 2007
|postscript=
}}
</ref><ref>
{{Cite news
|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/08/14/MNBDRHFDO.DTL
|title=Dynes' tenure
|newspaper=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]
|accessdate=2008-02-09
|date=August 14, 2007
|last=
|first=
|postscript=
}}
</ref><ref name="Conflict of interest">
{{Cite news
|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2005/12/22/MNG60GBT611.DTL
|title=Conflict of interest found for UC provost / Despite violations, she got paid leave and offer of new job
|newspaper=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]
|accessdate=2008-02-09
|last1=Schevitz
|first1=Tanya
|last2=Wallack
|first2=Todd
|date=December 22, 2005
|postscript=
}}
</ref>

Incoming President Mark Yudof took over on June 16, 2008.<ref>{{Cite news | last = Gordon | first = Larry | title = New UC chief will start in June | newspaper = Los Angeles Times | pages = B4 | date = April 4, 2008 | postscript = }}</ref> In January 2013, Yudof announced his plan to resign as president of the University of California, effective August 31, 2013.<ref name=uc-2013-01-18>{{cite press release | title=President Yudof to end his tenure in August | publisher=University of California | date=2013-01-18 | url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/article/28955 | accessdate=2013-01-18 }}</ref> Yudof was succeeded by [[United States Department of Homeland Security|Homeland Security]] [[United States Secretary of Homeland Security|Secretary]] and former [[Governor of Arizona]] [[Janet Napolitano]], the first woman to hold the office of UC President.<ref>{{Cite news | last = Gordon | first = Larry | title = Janet Napolitano, Homeland Security chief, to head UC | url=http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-uc-president-20130712,0,83979.story|newspaper = Los Angeles Times | date = July 12, 2013| postscript = }}</ref>

===Finances===
{{main|University of California finances}}
The state of California currently spends US$2.56 billion or 2% of its annual budget (2011–12) on the UC system, down from US$3.04 billion or 3.8% of its annual budget in 2000-01. In May 2004, UC President [[Robert C. Dynes]] and CSU Chancellor [[Charles B. Reed]] struck a private deal, called the "Higher Education Compact," with Governor [[Arnold Schwarzenegger|Schwarzenegger]]. They agreed to slash spending by about a billion dollars (about a third of the University's core budget for academic operations) in exchange for a funding formula lasting until 2011. The agreement calls for modest annual increases in state funds (but not enough to replace the loss in state funds Dynes and Schwarzenegger agreed to), private fundraising to help pay for basic programs, and large student fee hikes, especially for graduate and professional students. A detailed analysis of the Compact by the Academic Senate "Futures Report" indicated, despite the large fee increases, the University core budget did not recover to 2000 levels.<ref>{{cite journal | author=Committee on Planning and Budget | title=Current Budget Trends and The Future of the University of California | version= | format=.PDF | publisher=University of California | url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/senate/committees/ucpb/futures.report0506.pdf | date=May 2006 | accessdate=2008-03-06}}</ref> Undergraduate student fees have risen 90% from 2003 to 2007.<ref>{{cite news | last=Paddock | first= Richard C. | title=Less to bank on at state universities | url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-compact7oct07,0,5052218,full.story?coll=la-home-center | work=The Los Angeles Times | date=6 October 2007 | accessdate=2007-10-06}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> In 2011, for the first time in UC's history, student fees exceeded contributions from the State of California.<ref>{{cite news | title=University of California Budget | url=http://budget.universityofcalifornia.edu/?page_id=1120}}</ref>

The First District Court of Appeal in San Francisco recently ruled that the University of California owes nearly US$40 million in refunds to about 40,000 students who were promised that their tuition fees would remain steady, but were hit with increases when the state ran short of money in 2003.<ref>{{cite news | last=Egelko | first= Bob | title=UC owes millions in refunds to students, appeals court rules| url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/11/03/BAAOT5MKR.DTL | publisher= [[San Francisco Chronicle]] | date=November 3, 2007 | accessdate = 2007-11-03}}</ref>

===Faculty pay===
Salaries for UC faculty increased in late 2007 and are slightly higher than in the [[California State University]] system. As of September, 2007 instructors earn up to $53,200, assistant professors up to $69,200, associate professors up to $97,100 and full professors up to $164,700.<ref name="Bailey">{{cite web|url=http://www.dailynexus.com/article.php?a=14471|title=Bailey, A. (September 27, 2007). Regents Approve Plan to Increase Faculty Wages. ''Daily Nexus''.|accessdate=2007-11-26}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> According to the 2007–2008 payscale, the following pay ranges apply per fiscal year with Cost-of-Living-Adjustments (COLA):<ref name="Official UC payscale">{{cite web|url=http://www.ap.uci.edu/salary/CurrentScales/prof-AY.pdf|format=PDF|title=University of California. (October 1, 2007). ''Academic Salary Scales''.|accessdate=2008-08-08}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|'''Position'''||'''Salary range'''||'''Maximum off-scale limit'''
|-
|Lecturer||$50,292–$140,724||N/A
|-
|Senior lecturer||$92,400–$140,724||N/A
|-
|Assistant Professor||$53,200–$69,200||$90,000
|-
|Associate Professor||$66,100–$83,700||$111,700
|-
|Full Professor||$77,800–$142,700||$178,600
|}

However, for 2009–2010, most UC faculty and staff were furloughed and lost up to 10% of their salary.<ref name="Salary Reduction">{{cite web|url=http://atyourservice.ucop.edu/administrators/employment/furlough/fur_reduct.html|title=Salary Reduction.|accessdate=2010-12-19}}</ref>

==Campuses and rankings==
At present, the UC system officially describes itself as a "ten campus" system consisting of the campuses listed below.<ref>{{cite web | author= | title=UC Campuses | url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/campuses/welcome.html | publisher=University of California | date=13 August 2006| accessdate=2008-03-06}}</ref> These campuses are under the direct control of the Regents and President.{{Citation needed|date=April 2010}} Only ten campuses are listed on the official UC letterhead.<ref>University of California Office of the President, [http://www.ucop.edu/ucophome/coordrev/policy/9-28-99ltrhead.html Policy on Representation of the University on Letterhead and Business Cards], September 28, 1999.</ref>

Although affiliated with the UC system, the [[University of California, Hastings College of the Law|Hastings College of Law]] is not controlled by the Regents or President; it has a separate board of directors and must seek funding directly from the Legislature. However, under the California Education Code, the [[Juris Doctor]] from Hastings is awarded in the name of the Regents and bears the signature of the President.<ref>{{cite web | author=State of California | title=California Education Code Section 92203 | url=http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cacodes/edc/92200-92215.html | work=California Education Code | publisher=FindLaw | year=2008 | accessdate=2008-03-06}}</ref> Furthermore, Education Code section 92201 states that Hastings "is affiliated with the University of California, and is the law department thereof."<ref>{{cite web | author=State of California | title=Education Code section 92201 | url=http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cacodes/edc/92200-92215.html | work=California Education Code | publisher=FindLaw | year=2008 | accessdate=2008-03-06}}</ref>

Some campuses are known worldwide, especially Berkeley and UCLA. In fact, UCLA is so well known in Asia that the university has licensed its trademark to 15 UCLA-branded stores across [[East Asia]].<ref>Menaka Fernando, [http://www.dailybruin.com/index.php/article/2005/04/ucla-name-la-lifestyle-marketa "UCLA name, L.A. lifestyle marketable overseas"], ''The Daily Bruin'', 5 April 2005.</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! Campus
! Acreage<ref name="Campus Facts"/>
! Founded
! Enrollment<ref name="Campus Facts"/>
! Endowment (US$)2011-2012<ref name=Endowment>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/_files/report/UC_Annual_Endowment_Report_FY2011-2012.pdf |title=UC Annual Endowment Report, Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012 |accessdate=2013-01-26|publisher=Office of the Treasurer of the Regents of the University of California|format=PDF}}</ref>
! Operations<ref name=annual2006>{{cite journal | author=Budget Office | title=Annual Report | version= | format=.PDF | publisher=University of California | url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/annualreport/2006/UC%20Financial%20Report%202006.pdf | date= | accessdate=2008-03-06}}</ref>
! Athletics Nickname
!USNews<ref>{{cite news | author= | title=America's Best Colleges 2013| url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/national-universities-rankings | work=US News and World Report | year=2013| accessdate=2012-08-20}}</ref>
! [[Academic Ranking of World Universities|ARWU]].<ref name=ARWU>{{cite web | url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/ARWU2012.html | title=Academic Ranking of World Universities | year=2012 | author=Shanghai Jiao Tong University | publisher=Institute of Higher Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University | accessdate=2012-08-30}}</ref>
! Athletics
|-
| [[University of California, Berkeley|Berkeley]]
| 6,679
| 1868
| 36,142
| $3,031,896,000
| $1.59 billion
| [[California Golden Bears|Golden Bears]]
| 20
| {{sort|004|4}}
| NCAA Div I [[Pacific-12 Conference|Pac-12]]
|-
| [[University of California, Davis|Davis]]
| 7,309
| 1908
| 32,653
| $713,180,000
| $2.27 billion
| [[UC Davis Aggies|Aggies]]
| 39
| {{sort|047|47}}
| NCAA Div I [[Big West Conference|Big West]]
|-
| [[University of California, Irvine|Irvine]]
| 1,526
| 1965
| 27,889
| $293,180,000
| $1.42 billion
| [[UC Irvine Anteaters|Anteaters]]
| 49
| {{sort|045|45}}
| NCAA Div I [[Big West Conference|Big West]]
|-
| [[University of California, Los Angeles|Los Angeles]]
| 420
| 1919
| 40,675
| $2,594,754,000
| $3.39 billion
| [[UCLA Bruins|Bruins]]
| 23
| {{sort|012|12}}
| NCAA Div I [[Pacific-12 Conference|Pac-12]]
|-
| [[University of California, Merced|Merced]]
| 7,045
| 2005
| 5,198
| $26,902,000
| $0.07 billion
| [[UC Merced Golden Bobcats|Golden Bobcats]]
| Not Ranked
| Not Ranked
| NAIA [[California Pacific Conference|CalPac]]
|-
| [[University of California, Riverside|Riverside]]
| 1,931
| 1954
| 20,955
| $138,816,000
| $0.46 billion
| [[UC Riverside Highlanders|Highlanders]]
| 112
| 101-150
| NCAA Div I [[Big West Conference|Big West]]
|-
| [[University of California, San Diego|San Diego]]
| 2,141
| 1960
| 29,324
| $560,122,000
| $2.08 billion
| [[UC San Diego Tritons|Tritons]]
| 39
| {{sort|015|15}}
| NCAA Div II [[California Collegiate Athletic Association|CCAA]]
|-
| [[University of California, San Francisco|San Francisco]]
| 255
| 1873
| 4,716
| $1,546,893,000
| $2.48 billion
| [[Bears]]
| {{N/A}}
| {{sort|018|18}}
| {{N/A}}
|-
| [[University of California, Santa Barbara|Santa Barbara]]
| 1,055
| 1909
| 21,685
| $206,033,000
| $0.62 billion
| [[UC Santa Barbara Gauchos|Gauchos]]
| 41
| {{sort|034|34}}
| NCAA Div I [[Big West Conference|Big West]]
|-
| [[University of California, Santa Cruz|Santa Cruz]]
| 6,088
| 1965
| 17,454
| $117,364,000
| $0.45 billion
| [[UC Santa Cruz Banana Slugs|Banana Slugs]]
| 86
| 101–150
| NCAA Div III Independent
|}

In 2008 the University of California was awarded the Sustainability Showcase Award from the ''[[California Sustainability Alliance]]''. The Alliance recognized the UC system for their innovative sustainable and green practices, programs and policies.<ref>[http://sustainca.org/showcase/uc California Sustainability Alliance, University of California], Received October 28th, 2010</ref>

==Administration==
While the UC campuses are operated fairly efficiently, some—especially UC Berkeley—do have a reputation among their students and alumni for mediocre [[customer service]].<ref>Tanya Schevitz, [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2001/05/06/MN176023.DTL "UC Berkeley's lack of services leaves many undergrads to sink or swim: 'Little fish in a big pond,' "]
''[[San Francisco Chronicle]]'', 6 May 2001, A1.</ref><ref>Diane Curtis, "UC Charged With Research Before Teaching," ''L.A. Daily News'', 13 May 1990, N4.</ref> The most common symptoms are long lines for even simple administrative tasks, long wait times before phone calls are answered, and overcomplicated paperwork that is often required. In August 1990, UC Berkeley attempted to ease the tedium of standing in line by setting up televisions that showed comedians making jokes about standing in line.<ref>Renee Koury, "Cal Trying To Lighten Up," ''San Jose Mercury News'', 18 August 1990, 1B.</ref> This situation has been largely ameliorated by the replacement of most enrollment and advising procedures with Internet-based systems.

===Labor unions===
There are a total of about 180,000 employees in the UC system.<ref>{{cite news | agency=Associated Press | title=UC employees face furloughs, pay cuts | url=| work= | publisher=Burlington Free Press | pages= 1A | date=11 July 2009 | id= | accessdate=}}</ref> Most UC employees beside faculty and administration are represented by [[labor union]]s. Unions in the UC system include:<ref>[http://www.caldisorientation.org/2007/LaborAtCal?highlight=%28unions%29 2007/LaborAtCal - calDisorientation]</ref>

*University Professional and Technical Employees - [[Communications Workers of America|CWA]] (UPTE): health care, technical and research workers
**[http://www.spse.org Society of Professionals, Scientists and Engineers]: UC Scientists and Engineers at [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]]
*CUE-Teamsters Local 2010 (formerly the Coalition of University Employees) - ([[International Brotherhood of Teamsters|IBT]]) (CUE): clericals
*University Council-[[American Federation of Teachers]] (UC-AFT): faculty and librarians
*[[United Auto Workers]] [[UAW]]: Academic student employees and [[UAW Local 5810|postdoctoral scholars]]
*[[American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees]] (AFSCME): service workers and patient care technical employees.
*[[California Nurses Association]] (CNA): Nurses
*[[International Association of Fire Fighters]]: Full-time firefighters for [[UC Davis]] and [[UC Santa Cruz]]

==Admissions==
Each UC school handles admissions separately, but a student wishing to apply for undergraduate admission uses one application for all UCs. Graduate and professional school admissions are handled directly by each department or program to which one applies.

Before 1986, students who wanted to apply to UC for undergraduate study could only apply to one campus. Students who were rejected at that campus otherwise met the UC minimum eligibility requirements were ''redirected'' to another campus with available space. Students who didn't want to be redirected were refunded their application fees. In 1986, that system changed to the current "multiple filing" system, in which students can apply to as many or as few UC campuses as they want on one application, paying a fee for each campus. This significantly increased the number of applications to the Berkeley and Los Angeles campuses, since students could choose a campus to attend after they received acceptance letters, without fear of being redirected to a campus they did not want to attend.

The University of California accepts fully eligible students from among the top eighth of California public high school graduates through regular statewide admission, or the top 4% of any given high school class through Eligibility in the Local Context (see below). All eligible California high school students who apply are accepted to the University, though not necessarily to the campus of choice.<ref name="ELC">{{cite web | author= | title=Undergraduate Admissions: Local Eligibility | url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/admissions/undergrad_adm/paths_to_adm/freshman/local_eligibility.html | publisher=University of California | date=31 May 2007 | accessdate=2008-03-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | author= | title=The Master Plan Renewed | url=http://www.ucop.edu/acadinit/mastplan/MPComm1987.pdf | publisher=University of California | date=July 1987 | accessdate=2009-04-09}}</ref> Eligible students who are not accepted to the campus(es) of their choice are placed in the "referral pool", where campuses with open space may offer admission to those students; in 2003, 10% of students who received an offer through this referral process accepted it.<ref>{{cite press release
|url=http://www.ucop.edu/news/archives/2004/sep03.htm
|title= Freshman admission of GTO students
|publisher=University of California Office of the President
|accessdate=2008-03-21
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref> In 2007, about 4,100 UC-eligible students who were not offered admission to their campus of choice were referred to UCR and UC Merced, the system's newest campus.<ref>{{cite web | last=Agha | first=Marisa | title=UC system fall '07 freshman admission numbers up | publisher=The Press Enterprise |
url=http://www.pe.com/localnews/highereducation/stories/PE_News_Local_C_ucadmit06.3bbf195.html | date=5 April 2007 | accessdate= 2007-08-22 | archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20070623114519/http://www.pe.com/localnews/highereducation/stories/PE_News_Local_C_ucadmit06.3bbf195.html  | archivedate=2007-06-23}}</ref>

The old Undergraduate admissions are conducted on a two-phase basis. In the first phase, students are admitted based solely on academic achievement. This accounts for between 50 to 75% of the admissions. In the second phase, the university conducts a "comprehensive review" of the student's achievements, including extracurricular activities, essay, family history, and life challenges, to admit the remainder. Students who do not qualify for regular admission are "admitted by exception"; in 2002, approximately 2% of newly admitted undergraduates were admitted by exception.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/compreview/exception.pdf|format=PDF|title=University of California. ''Admission by Exception''.|accessdate=2009-04-09}}</ref>

Since then, UC campuses have been evaluating students under "comprehensive review", based on these 14 factors:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/admissions/general_info/uc_reviews/freshman_app.html |title=Comprehensive Review Factors for Freshman Applicants. |accessdate=2009-07-09}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref>
#Academic grade point average in all completed "a-g" courses, including additional points for completed University-certified honors courses.
# Scores on the ACT Assessment plus Writing or SAT Reasoning Test, and two SAT Subject Tests.
# Number of, content of and performance in academic courses beyond the minimum "a-g" requirements
# Number of and performance in University-approved honors courses and Advanced Placement, International Baccalaureate and transferable college courses.
# Identification by UC as being ranked in the top 4 percent of the student's high school class at the end of his or her junior year ("eligible in the local context" or ELC).
# Quality of the student's senior-year program, as measured by the type and number of academic courses in progress or planned.
# Quality of the student's academic performance relative to the educational opportunities available in his or her high school.
# Outstanding performance in one or more academic subject areas.
# Outstanding work in one or more special projects in any academic field of study.
# Recent, marked improvement in academic performance, as demonstrated by academic GPA and the quality of coursework completed or in progress.
# Special talents, achievements and awards in a particular field, such as visual and performing arts, communication or athletic endeavors; special skills, such as demonstrated written and oral proficiency in other languages; special interests, such as intensive study and exploration of other cultures; experiences that demonstrate unusual promise for leadership, such as significant community service or significant participation in student government; or other significant experiences or achievements that demonstrate the student's promise for contributing to the intellectual vitality of a campus.
# Completion of special projects undertaken in the context of the student's high school curriculum or in conjunction with special school events, projects or programs.
# Academic accomplishments in light of the student's life experiences and special circumstances.
# Location of the student's secondary school and residence.

The process for determining admissions varies. At some campuses, such as [[UC Santa Barbara|Santa Barbara]], [[UC San Diego|San Diego]], and [[UC Santa Cruz|Santa Cruz]], a point system is used to weight [[Grade (education)|grade point average]], [[SAT]] Reasoning or [[ACT (examination)|ACT]] scores, and SAT Subject scores, while at [[UC Davis|Davis]], [[UC Berkeley|Berkeley]], [[UC Irvine|Irvine]], and [[UCLA|Los Angeles]], academic achievement is examined in the context of the school and the surrounding community.

[[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|Race]], [[gender]], [[nationality|national origin]], and [[Ethnic group|ethnicity]] have not been used as UC admission criteria since the passing of [[California Proposition 209 (1996)|Proposition 209]]. However, this information is collected for statistical purposes.

===Eligibility in the Local Context===
Eligibility in the Local Context, commonly referred to as ELC, is met by applicants ranked in the top 4% (9% as of 2011) of their high school class in terms of performance on an 11-unit pattern of UC-approved high school courses. Beginning with fall 2007 applicants, ELC also requires a UC-calculated GPA of at least 3.0. Fully eligible ELC students are guaranteed a spot at one of UC's undergraduate campuses, though not necessarily at their first-choice campus or even to a campus to which they applied.<ref name="ELC"/>

===Early Academic Outreach Program (EAOP)===
''See [[EAOP]]''
The '''Early Academic Outreach Program (EAOP)''' was established in 1976 by the University of California (UC) in response to the [[California State Legislature|State Legislature's]] recommendation to expand post-secondary opportunities to all of California’s students including those who are first-generation, socioeconomically disadvantaged, and English-language learners.<ref>University of California EAOP, 2003 in Review. University of California, 2009-10 Budget for Current Operations Budget Detail, as Presented to the Regents for Approval.</ref> As UC's largest academic preparation program, EAOP assists middle and high school students with academic preparation, admissions requirements, and financial aid requirements for higher education.<ref>University of California, 2009-10 Budget for Current Operations Budget Detail, as Presented to the Regents for Approval. University of California Office of the President, A Report to the Governor and Legislature on Student Academic Preparation and Educational Partnerships for the 2006-07 Academic Year (April 2008).</ref> The program designs and provides services to foster students’ academic development, and delivers those services in partnership with other academic preparation programs, schools, other higher education institutions and community/industry partners.<ref>[http://www.eaop.org EAOP]</ref>

===Enrolled freshman profile (fall 2012)===
Data from the universities' published figures.<ref>[http://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/campuses/index.html Campuses | UC Admissions]</ref><ref>[http://www.oir.uci.edu/enr/IIB09-new-enr-by-ca-residency-2008-2012.pdf ]{{dead link|date=August 2013}}</ref><ref>[http://www.aim.ucla.edu/admissions/admissions_GPA_FR.asp ]{{dead link|date=July 2013}}</ref><ref>[http://www.admissions.ucla.edu/Prospect/Adm_fr/Frosh_Prof12.htm Profile of Admitted Freshmen, Fall 2012 - UCLA Undergraduate Admissions]</ref><ref>http://ipa.ucmerced.edu/docs/Applicants/Admit%20and%20Yield%20Rates%20by%20Student%20Type.pdf</ref><ref>http://ipa.ucmerced.edu/docs/First-Time%20Freshmen/First-Time%20Freshmen%20High%20School%20GPA.pdf</ref><ref>http://ipa.ucmerced.edu/docs/First-Time%20Freshmen/First-Time%20Freshmen%20Geographic%20Origin.pdf</ref><ref>[http://sara.ucr.edu/studentprofiles/ProfileNewFreshmen.html Strategic Academic Research & Analysis: Student Profiles]</ref><ref>http://studentresearch.ucsd.edu/sriweb/enroll/ffapadac.pdf</ref><ref>http://studentresearch.ucsd.edu/sriweb/enroll/ap.pdf</ref><ref>http://studentresearch.ucsd.edu/sriweb/enroll/ffhome.pdf</ref><ref>http://bap.ucsb.edu/IR/New_Stud_Prof/Profile,%20Frosh2012-3rdWeek.pdf</ref><ref>http://planning.ucsc.edu/irps/StudentCharacteristics/2012-13/SAT_scores_of_New_Frosh_by_Gender.pdf</ref><ref>http://planning.ucsc.edu/irps/StudentCharacteristics/2012-13/HS_GPA_and_Transfer_GPA_of_New_Frosh_and_Transfers_by_Gender.pdf</ref><ref>http://planning.ucsc.edu/irps/StudentCharacteristics/2012-13/UG_and_G_Students_by_FT_PT_and_Residency_Status.pdf</ref><ref>http://opa.berkeley.edu/statistics/cds/2012-2013.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.sariweb.ucdavis.edu/commondataset/cds20122013.pdf</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Campus
!Applicants
!Admits
!Admit rate
!GPA
!ACT
!SAT reading
!SAT math
!SAT writing
!SAT composite (out of 2400)
!California{{Break}}residents
|-
|[[UC Berkeley]]
|61,731
|11,130
|21.0%
|3.84
|N/A
|N/A
|N/A
|N/A
|N/A
|71.3%
|-
|[[UC Davis]]
|49,333
|22,521
|45.4%
|3.96
|28
|611
|658
|632
|1901
|83.5%
|-
|[[UC Irvine]]
|56,525
|23,947
|42.4%
|3.89
|27
|540
|602
|554
|1696
|85.1%
|-
|[[UCLA]]
|72,697
|15,982
|22.0%
|4.21
|28
|619
|650
|640
|1910
|71.2%
|-
|[[UC Merced]]
|14,056
|10,614
|75.5%
|3.47
|23
|525
|559
|533
|1617
|99.5%
|-
|[[UC Riverside]]
|30,395
|19,062
|62.7%
|3.58
|25
|525
|566
|536
|1627
|98.1%
|-
|[[UC San Diego]]
|60,805
|22,963
|37.8%
|4.00
|29
|N/A
|N/A
|630
|1908
|75.5%
|-
|[[UC Santa Barbara]]
|54,832
|24,134
|44.0%
|3.91
|28
|601
|633
|617
|1852
|89.3%
|-
|[[UC Santa Cruz]]
|33,148
|20,142
|60.8%
|3.59
|26
|544
|563
|548
|1639
|95.9%
|-
|System-wide
|434,033
|172,680
|39.7%
|3.87
|27
|604
|645
|622
|1837
|79.3%
|}

==Athletics==
:''For each campus's athletics teams, see: [[#Campuses and rankings]] (above), at Columns 6 (nickname) and 11 (Athletics)''

==Peripheral enterprises==
The University of California has a long tradition of involvement in many enterprises that are often geographically or organizationally separate from its general campuses, including national laboratories, observatories, hospitals, continuing education programs, hotels, conference centers, an airport, a seaport, and an art institute.

===National laboratories===
[[Image:UC campuses and labs.png|thumb|300px|This map shows the locations of the ten UC campuses and the national laboratories associated with UC. A third national laboratory associated with UC is in [[Los Alamos, New Mexico]].]]
The University of California directly manages and operates one [[United States Department of Energy National Laboratories|United States Department of Energy National Laboratory]]:
* [[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]] (LBNL) ([[Berkeley, California]])

UC is a limited partner in two separate private [[limited liability company|limited liability companies]] that manage and operate two other Department of Energy national laboratories:
* [[Los Alamos National Laboratory]] (LANL) ([[Los Alamos, New Mexico]]) operated by [[Los Alamos National Security]], LLC.
* [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]] (LLNL) ([[Livermore, California]]) operated by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC.

====Laboratory missions====
'''Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory''' conducts unclassified research across a wide range of scientific disciplines with key efforts focused on fundamental studies of the universe, quantitative biology, nanoscience, new energy systems and environmental solutions, and the use of integrated computing as a tool for discovery.

'''Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory''' uses advanced science and technology to ensure that U.S. nuclear weapons remain reliable. LLNL also has major research programs in supercomputing and predictive modeling, energy and environment, bioscience and biotechnology, basic science and applied technology, counter-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and homeland security. It is also home to the most powerful supercomputers in the world.

'''Los Alamos National Laboratory''' focuses most of its work on ensuring the reliability of U.S. nuclear weapons. Other work at LANL involves research programs into preventing the spread of weapons of mass destruction and US national security, such as protection of the US homeland from terrorist attack.

The UC system's ties to the three laboratories have occasionally sparked controversy and protest, because all three laboratories have been intimately linked with the development of [[nuclear weapon]]s. During the [[World War II]] [[Manhattan Project]], Lawrence Berkeley Lab developed the electromagnetic method for separation of uranium isotopes used to develop the first atomic bombs. The Los Alamos and Lawrence Livermore labs have been involved in designing U.S. nuclear weapons from their inception until the shift into [[stockpile stewardship]] after the end of the [[Cold War]].

Historically the two national laboratories in Berkeley and Livermore named after [[Ernest O. Lawrence]], have had very close relationships on research projects, as well as sharing some business operations and staff. In fact, [[LLNL]] was not officially severed administratively from [[LBNL]] until the early 1970s. They also have much deeper ties to the university than the Los Alamos Lab, a fact seen in their respective original names; the University of California Berkeley Radiation Laboratory and the University of California Radiation Laboratory at Livermore.

====Los Alamos and Lawrence Livermore====
The UC system's ties to the labs have so far outlasted all periods of internal controversy. However, in 2003, the U.S Department of Energy for the first time opened the [[Los Alamos National Laboratory]] (LANL) contract for bidding by other vendors. UC entered into a partnership with [[Bechtel Corporation]], [[BWXT]], and the [[Washington Group International]], and together they created a private company called [[Los Alamos National Security, LLC]] (LANS). The only other bidder on the LANL contract was a [[Lockheed Martin]] Corporation-created company that included, among others, the [[University of Texas System]]. In December 2005, a seven-year contract to manage the laboratory was awarded to the Los Alamos National Security, LLC.<ref>{{cite news
| last=Broad | first=William J.| url=http://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/22/national/22alamos.html |title=California Is Surprise Winner in Bid to Run Los Alamos | work=New York Times | date=22 December 2005 | accessdate=2008-02-10}}</ref>

On June 1, 2006, the University of California ended its direct involvement in operating Los Alamos National Laboratory. Management of the laboratory was taken over by [[Los Alamos National Security, LLC]]. Approximately 95% of the former 10,000 UC employees at LANL were rehired by LANS to continue working at LANL.

On October 1, 2007, the University of California ended its direct involvement in operating the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Management of the laboratory was taken over by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, a limited liability company whose members are Bechtel National, the University of California, Babcock and Wilcox, the Washington Division of URS Corporation, Battelle Memorial Institute, and The Texas A&M University System.

Other than UC appointing three members to the two separate board of directors (each with eleven members) that oversee LANS and LLNS, UC now has virtually no responsibility for or direct involvement in either LANL or LLNL. UC policies and regulations that apply to UC campuses and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California no longer apply to LANL and LLNL, and the LANL and LLNL directors no longer report to the UC Regents or UC Office of the President.

===High-performance networking===
The University of California is a founding and charter member of the [[Corporation for Education Network Initiatives in California]], a nonprofit organization that provides high-performance Internet-based networking to California's K-20 research and education community.

===Other national research centers===
The University of California also works with the [[NASA Ames Research Center]] at [[Moffett Federal Airfield]] in California. In September 2003, a ten-year contract valued at more than $330 million was awarded to UC to establish and operate a University Affiliated Research Center (UARC)—the largest grant ever awarded the University. [[UC Santa Cruz]] manages the UARC for the University of California, with the goal of increasing the science output, safety, and effectiveness of [[NASA]]'s missions through new technologies and scientific techniques. Since 2002, the [[National Science Foundation|NSF]]-funded [[San Diego Supercomputer Center]] at [[UC San Diego]] has been managed by the University of California, which took over from the previous manager, [[General Atomics]].

===Observatories===
The University of California manages two [[Observatory|observatories]] as a multi-campus research unit headquartered at [[UC Santa Cruz]].
*[[Lick Observatory]] atop [[Mount Hamilton (California)|Mount Hamilton]], in the [[Diablo Range]] just east of [[San Jose, California|San Jose]].
*[[Keck Observatory]] at the 4,145 meter (13,600 ft) summit of [[Mauna Kea]] in [[Hawai'i]].

The Astronomy Department at the [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]] campus manages the [[Hat Creek Radio Observatory]] in [[Shasta County, California|Shasta County]].

{{multiple image
| direction = vertical
| width = 150
| image1 = UC Davis Medical Center.jpg
| alt1 = UC Davis Medical Center
| caption1 = UC Davis Medical Center
| image2 = ucirvinemedicalcenter.jpg
| alt2 = UC Irvine Medical Center
| caption2 = UC Irvine Medical Center
| image3 = UCLA Reagan Medical Center.JPG
| alt3 = UCLA Ronald Reagan Medical Center
| caption3 = UCLA Ronald Reagan Medical Center
| image4 = UCSD Medical Center Hillcrest.jpg
| alt4 = UCSD Medical Center
| caption4 = UCSD Medical Center
| image5 = UCSF Medical Center and Sutro Tower in 2008.jpg
| alt5 = UCSF Medical Center
| caption5 = UCSF Medical Center
}}

===Medical centers and schools===

The University of California operates five medical centers throughout the state:

* [[UC Davis Medical Center]], in [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]];
* [[UC Irvine Medical Center]], in [[Orange, California|Orange]];
* UCLA Medical Center, comprising two distinct hospitals:
**[[Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center]], in Los Angeles;
**[[Santa Monica – UCLA Medical Center]], in [[Santa Monica, California|Santa Monica]].
* [[UCSD Medical Center]], in San Diego; and
* [[UCSF Medical Center]], in San Francisco.

Each medical center serves as the primary [[teaching hospital|teaching site]] for that campus's [[medical school]]. UCSF is perennially among the top five programs in both research and primary care, and both UCLA and UCSD consistently rank among the top fifteen research schools, according to annual rankings published by ''[[U.S. News and World Report]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-medical-schools |title=2013 Best Medical Schools |year=2012 |work=[[U.S. News and World Report]] |accessdate=August 19, 2012}}</ref> The teaching hospitals affiliated with each school are also highly regarded—both [[UCLA Medical Center|UCLA]] and [[UCSF Medical Center|UCSF's]] medical centers are in ''U.S. News and World Report'''s 2010–11 Honor Roll for Best Hospitals in the United States.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://health.usnews.com/health-news/best-hospitals/articles/2010/07/14/best-hospitals-2010-11-the-honor-roll.html |title=U.S. News Best Hospitals 2012-13: the Honor Roll |last1=Comarow |first1=Avery |date=July 16, 2012 |work=[[U.S. News and World Report]] |accessdate=August 19, 2012}}</ref> UC also has a sixth medical school—[[UC Riverside School of Medicine]], the only one in the UC system without its own hospital.

In the latter half of the 20th century, the UC hospitals became the core of full-fledged regional health systems; they were gradually supplemented by many outpatient clinics, offices, and institutes. Three UC hospitals are actually county hospitals that were sold to UC, which means that UC currently plays a major role in providing healthcare to the indigent. The medical hospitals operated by UC Irvine (acquired in 1976), UC Davis (acquired in 1978), and UC San Diego (acquired in 1984), each began as the respective county hospitals of [[Orange County, California|Orange County]], [[Sacramento County, California|Sacramento County]], and [[San Diego County, California|San Diego County]].

There are two medical centers that bear the UCLA name, but are not operated by UCLA: [[Harbor–UCLA Medical Center]] and [[Olive View – UCLA Medical Center]]. They are actually [[Los Angeles County, California|Los Angeles County]]-operated facilities that UCLA uses as [[teaching hospital]]s.

===UC Extension===
For over a century, the University has operated a continuing education program for working adults and professionals. At present, UC Extension enrolls over 500,000 students each year in over 17,000 courses. One of the reasons for its large size is that UC Extension is a dominant provider of [[Continuing Legal Education]] and [[Continuing Medical Education]] in California. For example, the systemwide portion of UC Extension (directly controlled by the UC Office of the President) operates Continuing Education of the Bar under a joint venture agreement with the [[State Bar of California]].

===UC Agriculture and Natural Resources===
The University of California division of Agriculture and Natural Resources plays an important role in the State's agriculture industry, as mandated by the UC's legacy as a land-grant institution. In addition to conducting agriculture and [[youth development]] research, every county in the state has a field office with county farm advisors. The county offices also support [[4-H]] programs and have nutrition, family and consumer sciences advisors who assist local government. Currently, the division's University of California 4-H Youth Development Program<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ca4h.org/ |title=University of California 4-H Youth Development Program |publisher=Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California |accessdate=August 19, 2012}}</ref> is a national leader in studying [[thriving]] in the field of [[youth development]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2012}}

===UC Natural Reserve System===
The [[University of California Natural Reserve System|NRS]] was established in January 1965 to provide UC faculty with large areas of land where they could conduct long-term ecosystem research without having to worry about outside disturbances like tourists. Today, the NRS manages 35 reserves that total more than {{convert|130000|acre|km2}}.

===Travel and conference facilities===
* UC Berkeley's Cal Alumni Association operates travel excursions for alumni (and their families) under its "Cal Discoveries Travel" brand (formerly BearTreks); many of the tour guides are Berkeley professors. CAA also operates the oldest and largest alumni association-run family camp in the world, the Lair of the Golden Bear. Located at an altitude of 5600 feet in [[Pinecrest, Tuolumne County, California|Pinecrest, California]], the Lair is a home-away-from-home for almost 10,000 campers annually. Its attendees are largely Cal alumni and their families, but the Lair is open to everyone.
* UCLA operates both its own on-campus [[hotel]], the UCLA Guest House, and a lavish conference center at [[Lake Arrowhead, California|Lake Arrowhead]]. During the summer, the conference center hosts the Bruin Woods vacation programs for UCLA alumni and their families.
* UC Santa Cruz leased the University Inn and Conference Center in downtown Santa Cruz from 2001 to 2011 for use as off-campus student housing.
* The UC system's Education Abroad program operates two mini-campuses that support UC students, faculty, and alumni overseas: California House in [[London]] and La Casa de la Universidad de California in [[Mexico City]]. UC Center Sacramento supports students [[Internship|interning]] with the [[Government of California|California state government]]. None of these facilities have on-site housing, but there is also a [[University of California, Washington Center|UC Washington Center]] in [[Washington, D.C.]] with a dormitory for students interning with the [[Federal government of the United States|federal government]].

===University Airport===
[[UC Davis]] operates the [[University Airport]] as a utility airport for [[air shuttle]] service in the contractual transportation of university employees and agricultural samples. It is also a public general aviation airport. University Airport's ICAO identifier is KEDU.

===Seaport===
[[UC San Diego]]'s [[Scripps Institution of Oceanography]] owns a seaport, the Nimitz Marine Facility, which is just south of Shelter Island on [[Point Loma]], San Diego. The port is used as an operating base for all of its oceanographic vessels and platforms.

===Other affiliated institutions===
*[[University of California, Hastings College of the Law]]
*[[Kearney Research and Extension Center]]
*[[UC Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation]] [http://igcc.ucsd.edu/]

==See also==
{{Portal|California|San Francisco Bay Area|University}}
*[[Colleges and universities]]
*[[University of California Police Department]]
*[[University of California Press]]
*[[University of California Students Association]]
*[[African Black Coalition]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==Further reading==
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=California, University of}}
* Parrish, Will; Darwin Bond-Graham (1 March 2010). [http://www.counterpunch.org/parrish03012010.html "Who Runs the University of California?"] ''[[CounterPunch]]''.
* {{cite book | last=Stadtman | first=Verne A. | coauthors= | title=The University of California 1868–1968 | location=New York | publisher=McGraw-Hill Book Co. | year=1970 | isbn=}}
* {{cite book | last=Stadtman | first=Verne A. | title=A Centennial Publication of the University of California | location=New York | publisher=McGraw-Hill Book Co. | year=1970 | isbn=}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|University of California}}
* [http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/ Official Website]
* [http://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/ds/ucb/images/ Images of manuscripts held in the library of the University]
* [http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=hb4v19n9zb;NAAN=13030&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=div00014&toc.id=div00002&brand=calisphere Chronology of the University of California]

{{UCPresidents}}
{{University of California}}
{{International Forum of Public Universities}}
{{Public Ivy}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:University Of California}}
[[Category:1868 establishments in California]]
[[Category:Association of Public and Land-Grant Universities]]
[[Category:Education in California|University of California system]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1868|California, University of]]
[[Category:Public university systems in the United States|California, University of]]
[[Category:Schools accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in California]]
[[Category:University of California|*]]

User talk:Diannaa

2013-11-13T02:25:30Z

Casecrer: /* Undeletion of the seal of the University of California? */

[[File:Lake Minnewanka 2008.JPG|20px|right]]

{{DISPLAYTITLE:User talk: Diannaa}}

{| cellpadding="10" cellspacing="8" style="width: 100%; background-color: transparent; border: 0; height: 1%; margin-top: -10px; margin-bottom: -10px;"
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[[#footer|  Skip to the bottom ''' ⇩ ]] · 
[[File:Crystal Clear app clock.svg|25px]] It is '''{{#time:g:i A|{{CURRENTHOUR}}:{{CURRENTMINUTE}} {{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|-7}} hours}}''' where this user lives in [[Alberta]].

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="margin: 1em auto 2em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em; border: 1px solid #006400; text-align: center; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0.4em; font-family: 'Copperplate Gothic Light'; {{round corners}}"
|+ style="font-size: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.25em;" | Role models
|-
| style="border: 0;" | [[File:Kamakura-buddha-2.jpg|87px]]
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|-
! scope="col" | Non-attachment
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* [[User talk:Diannaa/Archive 1|Archive 1]] Nov 2009–June 2010
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| list3title = 2012
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* [[User talk:Diannaa/Archive 15|Archive 15]] Jan–Feb 2012
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}}

== [[Sturmabteilung]] ==

I don't know what happened to the first article photo. Can you please look into the matter, when you have the time. Cheers, [[User:Kierzek|Kierzek]] ([[User talk:Kierzek|talk]]) 13:31, 7 November 2013 (UTC)
: The photo has been missing for a long time! It was [[:commons:File:Hitler Röhm.jpg]], which was deleted from the commons in October 2009. You might consider adding [[:File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1982-159-21A, Nürnberg, Reichsparteitag, Hitler und Röhm.jpg]], which matches the caption, as it shows Hitler and Röhm in 1933. -- [[User:Diannaa|Diannaa]] ([[User talk:Diannaa|talk]]) 15:55, 7 November 2013 (UTC)
:: Thanks, I added it; see what you think. I don't know why the info box has to be that size; seems bigger than needed, squeezing the text. [[User:Kierzek|Kierzek]] ([[User talk:Kierzek|talk]]) 16:10, 7 November 2013 (UTC)
::: The info box width is determined by the info box template being used (infobox government agency). I think it looks okay. -- [[User:Diannaa|Diannaa]] ([[User talk:Diannaa|talk]]) 23:32, 7 November 2013 (UTC)
::::I checked it again after I got home, against my bigger flat screen there and it is okay. [[User:Kierzek|Kierzek]] ([[User talk:Kierzek|talk]]) 14:24, 8 November 2013 (UTC)

==[[:File:Colonel Harland Sanders in character.jpg]]==
If this image has not been deleted at Wikipedia when you receive this message, perhaps you could kindly delete it? I have moved it to Commons and added [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File_talk:Colonel_Harland_Sanders_in_character.jpg a link] to the Wikipedia deletion request on the new image's talkpage at Wikicommons. Best Regards, --[[User:Leoboudv|Leoboudv]] ([[User talk:Leoboudv|talk]]) 09:45, 8 November 2013 (UTC)
:{{done}} -- [[User:Diannaa|Diannaa]] ([[User talk:Diannaa|talk]]) 15:11, 8 November 2013 (UTC)
::Please also move the old versions of the file before deletion. The instructions at [[WP:CSD#F8]] tell that you should do this: "All image revisions that meet the first condition have been transferred to Commons as revisions of the Commons copy and properly marked as such." The easiest way to copy old revisions over is to use [[tools:~magog/oldver.php]]. --[[User:Stefan2|Stefan2]] ([[User talk:Stefan2|talk]]) 16:10, 8 November 2013 (UTC)
::: I tried that tool, but I got an error message: TUSC verification failed. I have undeleted the image so you can give it a try yourself. Thanks, -- [[User:Diannaa|Diannaa]] ([[User talk:Diannaa|talk]]) 18:06, 8 November 2013 (UTC)
:::: I don't know why TUSC failed, but it usually works when I try to move old versions myself. --[[User:Stefan2|Stefan2]] ([[User talk:Stefan2|talk]]) 00:38, 9 November 2013 (UTC)
::::: I have done some fiddling around at http://tools.wmflabs.org/tusc/index.html, and hopefully it will work next time. -- [[User:Diannaa|Diannaa]] ([[User talk:Diannaa|talk]]) 04:20, 10 November 2013 (UTC)
*Perhaps Stefan2 can transfer the original versions of the images before the image at Wikipedia can be deleted. The only tool I am familiar with is transferring images to Commons. Kind Regards, --[[User:Leoboudv|Leoboudv]] ([[User talk:Leoboudv|talk]]) 20:34, 8 November 2013 (UTC)
** It looks like Stefan is not interested in helping, so I have uploaded the other revisions manually and am now re-deleting the local copy. -- [[User:Diannaa|Diannaa]] ([[User talk:Diannaa|talk]]) 23:12, 8 November 2013 (UTC)
*** Sorry, I was doing other things and missed this. --[[User:Stefan2|Stefan2]] ([[User talk:Stefan2|talk]]) 00:38, 9 November 2013 (UTC)
*Thanks. I did not know you were from Alberta. I'm from BC and my alma mater is UBC as I say on my [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Leoboudv Wikipedia userpage] but I'm mostly active on [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User%3ALeoboudv WikiCommons] where I mark images as a trusted user. I just moved this image to Commons since its copyright status seemed secure and it seemed an extremely rare 39 year old image of a famous businessman. It was nice communicating with you from Metro Vancouver. Regards, --[[User:Leoboudv|Leoboudv]] ([[User talk:Leoboudv|talk]]) 00:08, 9 November 2013 (UTC)
** Yeah, I live near Edmonton. Nice to meet you, see you around. -- [[User:Diannaa|Diannaa]] ([[User talk:Diannaa|talk]]) 00:12, 9 November 2013 (UTC)

== ''The Signpost'': 06 November 2013 ==

<div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2;">
{{Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2013-11-04}}
</div>
<div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">
* '''[[Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]'''
* [[Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]]
* [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/Subscribe|Unsubscribe]]
* [[User:EdwardsBot|EdwardsBot]] ([[User talk:EdwardsBot|talk]]) 05:19, 9 November 2013 (UTC)
</div>


== Request regarding the Review of Blacklisted URL ==

Hello Dianna,

How are you ?

My humble request to you is : " Please Review this [[MediaWiki_talk:Spam-whitelist#filmgola.com.2Fmovie.2F]] page ", because it was added more than a Week ago but no Response from any Admin(s) nor User(s). So if you have Free time please see the above page and give your Reply. If you believe that the matter i added there was Justified then please Unblock that URL. Have a nice day :)

Regards,

[[User:Raghusri|Raghusri]] ([[User talk:Raghusri|talk]]) 10:44, 11 November 2013 (UTC)

: Hi Raghusri. Sorry, I am going to have to say no, because I have absolutely no experience working in that area. -- [[User:Diannaa|Diannaa]] ([[User talk:Diannaa|talk]]) 14:32, 11 November 2013 (UTC)

:: It's O.K. Diannaa :( [[User:Raghusri|Raghusri]] ([[User talk:Raghusri|talk]]) 16:28, 12 November 2013 (UTC)

== OTRS pending and no licence ==

I noticed that you deleted [[:File:CarolSudhalter.jpg]] as F4, mentioning that {{tl|OTRS pending}} was present. Is this really the correct thing to do? An OTRS e-mail may contain a source and licence, so lack of either of those might be repaired when an OTRS volunteer processes the e-mail. When a licence ''is'' present, I have noticed that it often is changed into a different licence by the OTRS volunteer who processes the e-mail, and I don't think that a file information page without a copyright tag is very different to one with a wrong copyright tag. I realise that OTRS probably will undelete this file, should a permission statement be sufficient, so it is probably not necessary to undelete it for now. --[[User:Stefan2|Stefan2]] ([[User talk:Stefan2|talk]]) 13:28, 11 November 2013 (UTC)
:I understand your point, but I am not comfortable with having such images sit here for (potentially) several months with no license. That puts us in a bad position legally. Such images qualify for F4 speedy deletion. The file can be restored if and when a permission email is received. -- [[User:Diannaa|Diannaa]] ([[User talk:Diannaa|talk]]) 14:23, 11 November 2013 (UTC)
::I realise that there could be problems, but I don't see why it would be worse to keep an F11 case for some time than to keep an F4 case. The safest solution would be to delete everything on sight and restore only after an OTRS permission is available, but this would cause too many complaints, in particular when OTRS is backlogged. --[[User:Stefan2|Stefan2]] ([[User talk:Stefan2|talk]]) 14:39, 11 November 2013 (UTC)
::: The OTRS team should be promptly deleting files for which no permission has been received in a timely fashion. That's what is supposed to be happening, but it's not, due to a shortage of OTRS volunteers and a shortage of admins, particularly admins working with images. Leaving on display images with no license tags would not help the problem but only make things worse. -- [[User:Diannaa|Diannaa]] ([[User talk:Diannaa|talk]]) 14:46, 11 November 2013 (UTC)
:::: I'm well aware that old {{tl|OTRS pending}} files aren't deleted properly, and this is precisely why I took a lot of them, such as the ones which were pending OTRS permission since last year, to PUF. Maybe we should have a bot which takes them there if OTRS doesn't touch the files for some time... --[[User:Stefan2|Stefan2]] ([[User talk:Stefan2|talk]]) 00:00, 12 November 2013 (UTC)

==[[:File:Tyler MacDonald.jpg]]==
Dianna, go ahead and ask penny yourself. She said it was cool if anybody uses that picture for any use. [[User:Crackerjack|Crackerjack]] ([[User talk:Crackerjack|talk]]) 04:01, 12 November 2013 (UTC)

Also, you tagged "copied from facebook", that's not actually true. I uploaded the original before facebook existed. [[User:Crackerjack|Crackerjack]] ([[User talk:Crackerjack|talk]]) 04:04, 12 November 2013 (UTC)
:Hi Crackerjack. Please don't remove speedy deletion tags from your own uploads. An administrator needs to make the decision what to do, not the uploader. If someone other than the uploader took the picture, an OTRS ticket is required. There's instructions at [[WP:consent]]. -- [[User:Diannaa|Diannaa]] ([[User talk:Diannaa|talk]]) 15:09, 12 November 2013 (UTC)

== Came across and old block ==

Hey Diannaa,

In my duties as a CheckUser, I came across an expired block of yours, 70.98.127.122. Was there a original user account that you had blocked first or just the IP? If there is an account, and it's not an obvious connection, can you drop me a an email with the name please? Thanks, -- [[User:DeltaQuad|DQ]] [[User_Talk:DeltaQuad|(ʞlɐʇ)]] 16:10, 12 November 2013 (UTC)
: The block was the result of a post at AIV. There was no named account associated with the block. Looking at the talk page, it appears that the length of the block was chosen for the long-term activity of adding certain links to articles without adding any value to the encyclopedia. Hope this helps. -- [[User:Diannaa|Diannaa]] ([[User talk:Diannaa|talk]]) 20:09, 12 November 2013 (UTC)

== Undeletion of the seal of the University of California? ==

Hi Diannaa, 
I was wondering if you could un-delete the seal of the University of California at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:University_of_California_Seal.svg which was classified as fair-use.
This file was previously used under fair-use for the article [[University of California, Berkeley]].
You recently deleted this file because at that time it was an unused non-free media file. 
Somebody else uploaded exactly the same seal to commons and currently the commons-file is used in the article [[University of California, Berkeley]]. However the person who uploaded it to commons at http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:University_of_California_Berkeley_seal.svg incorrectly uploaded it with a wrong license, so the file at commons will soon be deleted since commons cannot accept fair-use images. 
If this seal should stay in the Wikipedia-article, we will again need the local fair-use copy. 
Therefore I am wondering if you could restore this file, and maybe add it to the infobox at the [[University of California, Berkeley]] article. 
Thank you for your help.
--[[User:Casecrer|Casecrer]] ([[User talk:Casecrer|talk]]) 02:11, 13 November 2013 (UTC)
: All done, -- [[User:Diannaa|Diannaa]] ([[User talk:Diannaa|talk]]) 02:18, 13 November 2013 (UTC)
::Thank you!--[[User:Casecrer|Casecrer]] ([[User talk:Casecrer|talk]]) 02:25, 13 November 2013 (UTC)

User talk:Diannaa

2013-11-13T02:11:35Z

Casecrer: /* Undeletion of the seal of the University of California? */ new section

UC Berkeley School of Education

2013-11-11T19:34:36Z

Casecrer:

{{coord|37|52|26.8|N|122|15|50.12|W|region:US|display=title}}
{{Infobox University
|image_name = File:The University of California 1868.svg
|image_size = 200px
|name = University of California, Berkeley Graduate School of Education
|established = 1892<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www-gse.berkeley.edu/main_alumvisitor.html|title=Welcome Alumni & Visitors|accessdate=2008-06-07|publisher=University of California, Berkeley Graduate School of Education}}</ref>
|type = [[public university|Public]]
|dean = [[Judith Warren Little]]
|city = [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]]
|state = [[California]]
|country = {{flagicon|USA}}
|students = 430 Full Time<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.grad.berkeley.edu/publications/thegraduate/2008/2008.pdf|title=Graduate education at a glance|accessdate=2008-06-07|publisher=University of California, Berkeley Graduate Division}}</ref>
|staff =
|campus = [[urban area|Urban]]
|website = [http://gse.berkeley.edu/ gse.berkeley.edu]
|endowment =
|logo = [[Image:UCBERKELEYGSELOGOb.JPG|University of California, Berkeley Graduate School of Education Logo]]
}}

'''The University of California, Berkeley Graduate School of Education''' is one of 14 schools and colleges at the [[University of California, Berkeley]]. The Graduate School of Education specializes in teacher training and education research.

==Location==
The Graduate School of Education occupies the east wing of [[Tolman Hall]], located in the northwest area of the UC Berkeley campus.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gse.berkeley.edu/admin/publications/tolmanhistory.html|title=Tolman Hall: Past, Present, and Future|accessdate=2008-06-07|publisher=University of California, Berkeley Graduate School of Education}}</ref>

==Programs==
The school has [[Master's Degree]] and [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]] programs which are contained within three Areas of Study (with the exception of LEEP, which is a schoolwide program) and grouped by Degree and Credential objectives. All four Credential programs include an M.A. degree.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gse.berkeley.edu/academic.html|title=Programs|accessdate=2008-06-07|publisher=University of California, Berkeley Graduate School of Education}}</ref>

===Cognition and Development (CD)===

'''M.A./Ph.D./Ed.D Programs'''

*Development in Math and Science
*Education in Math, Science and Technology
*Human Development and Education
*Joint Doctorate in Special Education
*School Psychology

'''M.A./Credentials'''

*[[Developmental Teacher Education (DTE)]]
*[[M.A. and Credential in Science and Math Education (MACSME)]]

===Language and Literacy, Society and Culture (LLSC)===

'''M.A./Ph.D./Ed.D Programs'''

*Language, Literacy, and Culture (Ph.D)
*Language, Literacy, and Culture (Ed.D)
*Language, Literacy, and Culture (M.A.)
*Language, Literacy, and Culture (M.A.): Cultural Studies of Sport in Education (CSSE)
*Social and Cultural Studies

'''M.A./Credentials'''

*[[Multicultural Urban Secondary English]] (MUSE)

===Policy, Organization, Measurement, and Evaluation (POME)===

'''M.A./Ph.D./Ed.D Programs'''

*Policy and Organizations Research
*Quantitative Methods and Evaluation
*Program Evaluation and Assessment
*Educational Leadership

'''M.A./Credentials'''

*Principal Leadership Institute (PLI)

===Other programs and academic units===

*Leadership for Educational Equity (LEEP)
*The Graduate Group in Science and Mathematics Education (SESAME)
*Undergraduate Minor in Education
*Undergraduate Minor in Interdisciplinary Studies in Early Childhood
*UC Berkeley Summer Session
*College and Career Academy Support Network (CCASN) <casn.berkeley.edu>

==Tuition==
For California resident graduate students, the fees for the 2012-2013 academic year are $7,589.75 per semester; for nonresidents and international students, $15,220.75 per semester. These fees include a health insurance fee of $1,153 per semester. Health insurance fees may be waived if resident and nonresident graduate students provide verification that they have comparable health insurance coverage. Fees for the Summer Sessions vary according to the number of units taken and are the same for resident, nonresident, and international students. All fees are subject to change.<ref>{{cite web|title=Graduate School of Education Fees and Financial Support|url=http://gse.berkeley.edu/fees-and-financial-support}}</ref>

==Rankings==
The [[US News|''U.S. News & World Report'']] recently ranked UC Berkeley's Graduate School of Education 7th among top schools of education in the United States (third among all public institutions).<ref>{{cite web|title=America's Best Graduate Schools 2008|url=http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/grad/edu/search|publisher=[[US News]]|accessdate= 2008-06-07}}</ref> The 2011 rankings currently place the school at rank 12 (seventh among all public institutions).<ref>{{cite web|title=America's Best Graduate Schools 2011|url=http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-education-schools/edu-rankings|publisher=[[US News]]|accessdate= 2011-06-03}}</ref> The recent drop in rankings may be attributed to substantial program cuts that the Graduate School of Education has sustained over the past two years.<ref>{{cite web|title=California Watch|url=http://californiawatch.org/dailyreport/uc-berkeley-asked-absorb-80m-browns-500m-cut-8507|publisher=[[California Watch]]|accessdate= 2011-06-03}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://gse.berkeley.edu Official site]
*[http://berkeley.edu/map/3dmap/3dmap.shtml Interactive Map of UC Berkeley campus]

{{UC Berkeley Academics}}

[[Category:University of California, Berkeley]]
[[Category:Schools of education in California]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1892]]
[[Category:1892 establishments in California]]

UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism

2013-11-11T19:33:48Z

Casecrer:

{{coord|37|52|29.79|N|122|15|34.05|W|region:US|display=title}}
{{Infobox University
|name = University of California, Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism
|image_name = The University of California 1868.svg
|image_size = 200px
|established = 1967<ref>[http://journalism.berkeley.edu/resources/history/ "The Journalism School"] ''North Gate History''. Accessed 2008-08-04.</ref>
|type = [[Public university|Public]] Professional School
|dean = [[Edward Wasserman]]
|city = [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]]
|state = [[California]]
|country = {{flagicon|USA}}
|students = 88 Full Time<ref>{{cite web|url=http://journalism.berkeley.edu/admissions/|title=Admissions Overview|accessdate=2012-11-07|publisher=University of California, Berkeley School of Journalism}}</ref>
|website = {{URL|http://journalism.berkeley.edu/}}
}}
The '''UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism''' is a [[Graduate student|graduate]] [[Journalism school|professional school]] on the campus of [[University of California, Berkeley]]. It is among the top graduate journalism schools in the [[United States]], and is designed to produce [[journalist]]s with a two-year Master of Journalism (MJ) degree.

The program is located in UC Berkeley's North Gate Hall, near the intersection of Euclid and Hearst Avenues in Berkeley, CA. As of January 1, 2013, it is being served by dean [[Edward Wasserman]], a former Knight professor of journalism ethics at [[Washington and Lee University]]. <ref>{{cite web|title=Edward Wasserman|url=http://journalism.berkeley.edu/faculty/ed_wasserman/|publisher=UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism Website|accessdate=26 January 2013}}</ref> Wasserman replaced professor [[Neil Henry (journalist)|Neil Henry]], who stepped down from his dean position in August 2011 for medical reasons. <ref>{{cite news|last=Romenesko|first=Jim|title=Henry steps down as dean of Berkeley J-School|url=http://www.poynter.org/latest-news/romenesko/141945/henry-steps-down-as-dean-of-berkeley-j-school/|newspaper=Poynter}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Romenesko|first=Jim|title=Ed Wasserman is the new dean of Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism|url=http://jimromenesko.com/2012/06/12/ed-wasserman-is-the-new-dean-of-berkeley-graduate-school-of-journalism/|newspaper=Romenesko}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Maclay|first=Kathleen|title=Media ethicist Edward Wasserman to become new journalism school dean|url=http://newscenter.berkeley.edu/2012/12/07/ed-wasserman-to-become-new-journalism-school-dean/|accessdate=9 December 2012|date=7 December 2012|agency=UC Berkeley Newscenter}}</ref> Most courses offered by the school are on the graduate level, with few official courses for undergraduates. The school enrolls approximately 100 students; 50 first-year and 50 second-year students, and is one of the smallest academic units on the campus of UC Berkeley.

The school serves host to, or sponsors, a number of events. Notable speakers from around the world have shared their insights on current events in the media. Recent speakers have included [[Bill Clinton]], [[Al Gore]], [[Robert McNamara]], [[Hans Blix]], [[George Soros]], [[Cokie Roberts]], [[Paul Krugman]], [[Dan Rather]], [[Bob Woodruff]], [[Ira Glass]] and [[Robert Krulwich]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Events Page|url=http://journalism.berkeley.edu/events/|publisher=UC Berkeley Journalism School}}</ref>

==Curriculum==
The UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism focuses on thirteen areas of journalism. They include [[Business Journalism|business reporting]], [[documentary film]], [[Environmental journalism|environmental and science journalism]], [[Foreign correspondent|international reporting]], [[Investigative journalism|investigative reporting]], [[magazine]], [[multimedia]], [[newspaper]], [[photojournalism]], [[Political journalism|political reporting]], [[radio]], [[television|television or broadcast media]] and Urban Reporting.<ref>{{cite web|title=Program page|url=http://journalism.berkeley.edu/program/|publisher=UC Berkeley Journalism Website}}</ref>

The school has stated a clear mission of providing students a hands-on approach to journalism.<ref>{{cite web|title=Admissions Page|url=http://journalism.berkeley.edu/admissions/|publisher=UC Berkeley Journalism Website}}</ref> While many graduate journalism schools have programs that are more theory-oriented, Berkeley focuses on offering students real world experiences and currently requires every student to perform an [[internship]] at a media outlet as a degree requirement—preferably between their first and second year of study.<ref>{{cite web|title=Degree Requriements|url=http://journalism.berkeley.edu/program/courses/requirements/|publisher=UC Berkeley Journalism Webpage}}</ref>

Every student is also required to take an introductory news reporting course called J200, (named after its course designation.) J200 is formulated for students to delve into the world of all forms of journalism, but specifically writing, by covering stories on local events. Print, or written journalism, is often considered the foundation of all news media, and teaches students the fundamentals in news gathering and production for a mass audience. Stories written by students are published in one of three [[hyperlocal]] news websites that are run by the school: [http://missionlocal.org/ MissionLocal], [http://oaklandnorth.net/ OaklandNorth] and [http://richmondconfidential.org/ RichmondConfidential].

== Faculty ==
*[[Lowell Bergman]], Reva and David Logan Distinguished Professor in Investigative Reporting and former [[60 Minutes]] producer
*Joan Bieder, Associate Dean and Senior Lecturer of television, former [[ABC News]] producer
*Robert Calo, Senior Lecturer of television and former [[NBC News]] producer
*Lydia Chavez, Robert A. Peck Chair Professor and former [[New York Times]] reporter
*[[Mark Danner]], Professor and [[New Yorker Magazine|New Yorker]] writer, author
*[[William J. Drummond|Bill Drummond]], Professor and NPR [[Morning Edition]] founding editor
*[[Jon H. Else|Jon Else]], North Gate Chair Professor, documentarian and former [[MacArthur Fellow]]
*[[Thomas Goldstein (Journalist)|Tom Goldstein]], Dean Emeritus, Professor and former dean of [[Columbia Graduate School of Journalism]]
*Cynthia Gorney, Professor and former [[Washington Post]] South American bureau chief
*Paul Grabowicz, Senior Lecturer, Bloomberg Chair in Journalism and former investigative reporter for the [[Oakland Tribune]]
*[[Neil Henry (journalist)|Neil Henry]], Dean Emeritus, Professor and former [[Washington Post]] Africa bureau chief
*[[Richard Koci Hernandez]], Assistant Professor and former [[News & Documentary Emmy Award|Emmy Award]] winning photojournalist for the [[San Jose Mercury News]]
*Tom Leonard, University Librarian
*[[Ken Light]], Adjunct Professor, photojournalist and curator for the Center For Photography
*[[Michael Pollan]], [[John S. Knight|John S.]] and [[James L. Knight]] Professor of Science and Environmental Journalism, notable author on food topics
*Susan Rasky, Senior Lecturer and former congressional correspondent for the [[New York Times]]
*[[Edward Wasserman]], Dean and former Knight professor of journalism ethics at [[Washington and Lee University]]

==In the news==
In 1981 celebrity [[Carol Burnett]] won a $1.6 million (later reduced to $800,000) libel award from [[The National Enquirer]] over an article that she said implied she had been intoxicated in a Washington restaurant. She donated a portion of that to the UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism saying she hoped the suit would teach aspiring journalists the dangers of defaming individuals in articles. The money was used to fund Law and Ethics courses at the school.

China expert and author [[Orville Schell]] had been serving as Dean of the school since 1996, up until the summer of 2007. Preceding his position was Thomas Goldstein, who had served as dean since 1988. Goldstein left to become the dean of [[Columbia University|Columbia University's]] [[Columbia Graduate School of Journalism|Graduate School of Journalism]]. He stepped down from that position after five years, despite being credited for increasing endowments for that school from $54 million to $84 million over his short stint there. He is currently teaching a news writing class at UC Berkeley's Graduate School of Journalism. [[Pulitzer Prize]] winning American media critic [[Ben Bagdikian]] also served as a past dean of the UC Berkeley's School of Journalism.

==North Gate Hall==
The UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism is housed in North Gate Hall, a designated [[National Historic Landmark]] in the [[National Register of Historic Places]]. It is located immediately southeast of the intersection of Euclid and Hearst avenues in Berkeley, Calif., on the campus of [[University of California, Berkeley|UC Berkeley]].

The name is derived from the general area in front of the school called "North Gate," represented by two stone pillars. It serves as the northern most entrance of the primary University compound, and is opposite to [[Sather Gate]], the southern most entrance of the University.

North Gate Hall was built in 1904 as a {{convert|1800|sqft|m2|sing=on}} building known at the time as the "Ark" to house the architectural department. The building cost $4,394.59 to construct and consisted of an atelier, office for [[John Galen Howard]] and an architectural library with volumes donated by [[Phoebe Apperson Hearst]] -- mother to [[William Randolph Hearst]].

The building was one of many on campus which did not follow the typical [[Beaux-Arts architecture|Beaux-Arts]] [[architectural style]], which had been regarded the most cultured, beautiful and "scientific" style of the cultural establishment at the time. Instead, the building was made only to be temporary, non-academic, or not particularly "serious." Other such buildings in the shingle or "[[Collegiate Gothic]]" style on campus include: North Gate Hall, Dwinelle Annex, Stephens Hall and the Men's Faculty Club.

A second addition to the Ark was completed in 1908, increasing the size of the building to {{convert|3400|sqft|m2}}. The new addition was built further up the hill (easterly) and houses what is known today as the Greenhouse and upper and lower newsrooms.

In 1936, Walter Steilberg designed a library wing composed of reinforced concrete-panel, a stark contrast to the dark shingled appearance of the original building.

In 1957, the architecture school was united with the departments of Landscape Architecture, City and regional Planning, and Decorative Arts to form the [[UC Berkeley College of Environmental Design|College of Environmental Design]]. The "Ark" was relocated to Wurster Hall in 1964, and the building was renamed the Engineering Research Services Building. It later was renamed "North Gate Hall," and served as the location for the Graduate School of Journalism.

North Gate Hall was occupied by the journalism school in 1981. <ref>http://journalism.berkeley.edu/resources/history/</ref>

In 1993 the building underwent extensive seismic renovations causing uproar from Berkeley [[Historic preservation|preservationists]] who had saved the building from destruction 17 years earlier. It was reported by the [[San Francisco Chronicle]] that dry rot had set into much of the building. Damage from aging was so bad, one teacher said he could puncture a supporting column with his fountain pen. It was classified as Berkeley campus' most vulnerable buildings in an earthquake.

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Official website|http://journalism.berkeley.edu/}}
*[http://www.berkeleyheritage.com/berkeley_landmarks/northgate_hall.html History of North Gate Hall]
*[http://berkeley.edu/map/3dmap/3dmap.shtml Interactive map of UC Berkeley campus]

{{University of California, Berkeley}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:California, Berkeley, Journalism, University Of}}
[[Category:University of California, Berkeley|Journalism]]
[[Category:Journalism schools in the United States]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1967]]
[[Category:1967 establishments in California]]

UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism

2013-10-28T18:18:51Z

Casecrer:

{{coord|37|52|29.79|N|122|15|34.05|W|region:US|display=title}}
{{Infobox University
|name = University of California, Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism
|image_name = The University of California Berkeley 1868.svg
|image_size = 200px
|established = 1967<ref>[http://journalism.berkeley.edu/resources/history/ "The Journalism School"] ''North Gate History''. Accessed 2008-08-04.</ref>
|type = [[Public university|Public]] Professional School
|dean = [[Edward Wasserman]]
|city = [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]]
|state = [[California]]
|country = {{flagicon|USA}}
|students = 88 Full Time<ref>{{cite web|url=http://journalism.berkeley.edu/admissions/|title=Admissions Overview|accessdate=2012-11-07|publisher=University of California, Berkeley School of Journalism}}</ref>
|website = {{URL|http://journalism.berkeley.edu/}}
}}
The '''UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism''' is a [[Graduate student|graduate]] [[Journalism school|professional school]] on the campus of [[University of California, Berkeley]]. It is among the top graduate journalism schools in the [[United States]], and is designed to produce [[journalist]]s with a two-year Master of Journalism (MJ) degree.

The program is located in UC Berkeley's North Gate Hall, near the intersection of Euclid and Hearst Avenues in Berkeley, CA. As of January 1, 2013, it is being served by dean [[Edward Wasserman]], a former Knight professor of journalism ethics at [[Washington and Lee University]]. <ref>{{cite web|title=Edward Wasserman|url=http://journalism.berkeley.edu/faculty/ed_wasserman/|publisher=UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism Website|accessdate=26 January 2013}}</ref> Wasserman replaced professor [[Neil Henry (journalist)|Neil Henry]], who stepped down from his dean position in August 2011 for medical reasons. <ref>{{cite news|last=Romenesko|first=Jim|title=Henry steps down as dean of Berkeley J-School|url=http://www.poynter.org/latest-news/romenesko/141945/henry-steps-down-as-dean-of-berkeley-j-school/|newspaper=Poynter}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Romenesko|first=Jim|title=Ed Wasserman is the new dean of Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism|url=http://jimromenesko.com/2012/06/12/ed-wasserman-is-the-new-dean-of-berkeley-graduate-school-of-journalism/|newspaper=Romenesko}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Maclay|first=Kathleen|title=Media ethicist Edward Wasserman to become new journalism school dean|url=http://newscenter.berkeley.edu/2012/12/07/ed-wasserman-to-become-new-journalism-school-dean/|accessdate=9 December 2012|date=7 December 2012|agency=UC Berkeley Newscenter}}</ref> Most courses offered by the school are on the graduate level, with few official courses for undergraduates. The school enrolls approximately 100 students; 50 first-year and 50 second-year students, and is one of the smallest academic units on the campus of UC Berkeley.

The school serves host to, or sponsors, a number of events. Notable speakers from around the world have shared their insights on current events in the media. Recent speakers have included [[Bill Clinton]], [[Al Gore]], [[Robert McNamara]], [[Hans Blix]], [[George Soros]], [[Cokie Roberts]], [[Paul Krugman]], [[Dan Rather]], [[Bob Woodruff]], [[Ira Glass]] and [[Robert Krulwich]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Events Page|url=http://journalism.berkeley.edu/events/|publisher=UC Berkeley Journalism School}}</ref>

==Curriculum==
The UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism focuses on thirteen areas of journalism. They include [[Business Journalism|business reporting]], [[documentary film]], [[Environmental journalism|environmental and science journalism]], [[Foreign correspondent|international reporting]], [[Investigative journalism|investigative reporting]], [[magazine]], [[multimedia]], [[newspaper]], [[photojournalism]], [[Political journalism|political reporting]], [[radio]], [[television|television or broadcast media]] and Urban Reporting.<ref>{{cite web|title=Program page|url=http://journalism.berkeley.edu/program/|publisher=UC Berkeley Journalism Website}}</ref>

The school has stated a clear mission of providing students a hands-on approach to journalism.<ref>{{cite web|title=Admissions Page|url=http://journalism.berkeley.edu/admissions/|publisher=UC Berkeley Journalism Website}}</ref> While many graduate journalism schools have programs that are more theory-oriented, Berkeley focuses on offering students real world experiences and currently requires every student to perform an [[internship]] at a media outlet as a degree requirement—preferably between their first and second year of study.<ref>{{cite web|title=Degree Requriements|url=http://journalism.berkeley.edu/program/courses/requirements/|publisher=UC Berkeley Journalism Webpage}}</ref>

Every student is also required to take an introductory news reporting course called J200, (named after its course designation.) J200 is formulated for students to delve into the world of all forms of journalism, but specifically writing, by covering stories on local events. Print, or written journalism, is often considered the foundation of all news media, and teaches students the fundamentals in news gathering and production for a mass audience. Stories written by students are published in one of three [[hyperlocal]] news websites that are run by the school: [http://missionlocal.org/ MissionLocal], [http://oaklandnorth.net/ OaklandNorth] and [http://richmondconfidential.org/ RichmondConfidential].

== Faculty ==
*[[Lowell Bergman]], Reva and David Logan Distinguished Professor in Investigative Reporting and former [[60 Minutes]] producer
*Joan Bieder, Associate Dean and Senior Lecturer of television, former [[ABC News]] producer
*Robert Calo, Senior Lecturer of television and former [[NBC News]] producer
*Lydia Chavez, Robert A. Peck Chair Professor and former [[New York Times]] reporter
*[[Mark Danner]], Professor and [[New Yorker Magazine|New Yorker]] writer, author
*[[William J. Drummond|Bill Drummond]], Professor and NPR [[Morning Edition]] founding editor
*[[Jon H. Else|Jon Else]], North Gate Chair Professor, documentarian and former [[MacArthur Fellow]]
*[[Thomas Goldstein (Journalist)|Tom Goldstein]], Dean Emeritus, Professor and former dean of [[Columbia Graduate School of Journalism]]
*Cynthia Gorney, Professor and former [[Washington Post]] South American bureau chief
*Paul Grabowicz, Senior Lecturer, Bloomberg Chair in Journalism and former investigative reporter for the [[Oakland Tribune]]
*[[Neil Henry (journalist)|Neil Henry]], Dean Emeritus, Professor and former [[Washington Post]] Africa bureau chief
*[[Richard Koci Hernandez]], Assistant Professor and former [[News & Documentary Emmy Award|Emmy Award]] winning photojournalist for the [[San Jose Mercury News]]
*Tom Leonard, University Librarian
*[[Ken Light]], Adjunct Professor, photojournalist and curator for the Center For Photography
*[[Michael Pollan]], [[John S. Knight|John S.]] and [[James L. Knight]] Professor of Science and Environmental Journalism, notable author on food topics
*Susan Rasky, Senior Lecturer and former congressional correspondent for the [[New York Times]]
*[[Edward Wasserman]], Dean and former Knight professor of journalism ethics at [[Washington and Lee University]]

==In the news==
In 1981 celebrity [[Carol Burnett]] won a $1.6 million (later reduced to $800,000) libel award from [[The National Enquirer]] over an article that she said implied she had been intoxicated in a Washington restaurant. She donated a portion of that to the UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism saying she hoped the suit would teach aspiring journalists the dangers of defaming individuals in articles. The money was used to fund Law and Ethics courses at the school.

China expert and author [[Orville Schell]] had been serving as Dean of the school since 1996, up until the summer of 2007. Preceding his position was Thomas Goldstein, who had served as dean since 1988. Goldstein left to become the dean of [[Columbia University|Columbia University's]] [[Columbia Graduate School of Journalism|Graduate School of Journalism]]. He stepped down from that position after five years, despite being credited for increasing endowments for that school from $54 million to $84 million over his short stint there. He is currently teaching a news writing class at UC Berkeley's Graduate School of Journalism. [[Pulitzer Prize]] winning American media critic [[Ben Bagdikian]] also served as a past dean of the UC Berkeley's School of Journalism.

==North Gate Hall==
The UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism is housed in North Gate Hall, a designated [[National Historic Landmark]] in the [[National Register of Historic Places]]. It is located immediately southeast of the intersection of Euclid and Hearst avenues in Berkeley, Calif., on the campus of [[University of California, Berkeley|UC Berkeley]].

The name is derived from the general area in front of the school called "North Gate," represented by two stone pillars. It serves as the northern most entrance of the primary University compound, and is opposite to [[Sather Gate]], the southern most entrance of the University.

North Gate Hall was built in 1904 as a {{convert|1800|sqft|m2|sing=on}} building known at the time as the "Ark" to house the architectural department. The building cost $4,394.59 to construct and consisted of an atelier, office for [[John Galen Howard]] and an architectural library with volumes donated by [[Phoebe Apperson Hearst]] -- mother to [[William Randolph Hearst]].

The building was one of many on campus which did not follow the typical [[Beaux-Arts architecture|Beaux-Arts]] [[architectural style]], which had been regarded the most cultured, beautiful and "scientific" style of the cultural establishment at the time. Instead, the building was made only to be temporary, non-academic, or not particularly "serious." Other such buildings in the shingle or "[[Collegiate Gothic]]" style on campus include: North Gate Hall, Dwinelle Annex, Stephens Hall and the Men's Faculty Club.

A second addition to the Ark was completed in 1908, increasing the size of the building to {{convert|3400|sqft|m2}}. The new addition was built further up the hill (easterly) and houses what is known today as the Greenhouse and upper and lower newsrooms.

In 1936, Walter Steilberg designed a library wing composed of reinforced concrete-panel, a stark contrast to the dark shingled appearance of the original building.

In 1957, the architecture school was united with the departments of Landscape Architecture, City and regional Planning, and Decorative Arts to form the [[UC Berkeley College of Environmental Design|College of Environmental Design]]. The "Ark" was relocated to Wurster Hall in 1964, and the building was renamed the Engineering Research Services Building. It later was renamed "North Gate Hall," and served as the location for the Graduate School of Journalism.

North Gate Hall was occupied by the journalism school in 1981. <ref>http://journalism.berkeley.edu/resources/history/</ref>

In 1993 the building underwent extensive seismic renovations causing uproar from Berkeley [[Historic preservation|preservationists]] who had saved the building from destruction 17 years earlier. It was reported by the [[San Francisco Chronicle]] that dry rot had set into much of the building. Damage from aging was so bad, one teacher said he could puncture a supporting column with his fountain pen. It was classified as Berkeley campus' most vulnerable buildings in an earthquake.

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Official website|http://journalism.berkeley.edu/}}
*[http://www.berkeleyheritage.com/berkeley_landmarks/northgate_hall.html History of North Gate Hall]
*[http://berkeley.edu/map/3dmap/3dmap.shtml Interactive map of UC Berkeley campus]

{{University of California, Berkeley}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:California, Berkeley, Journalism, University Of}}
[[Category:University of California, Berkeley|Journalism]]
[[Category:Journalism schools in the United States]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1967]]
[[Category:1967 establishments in California]]

University of California, Merced

2013-10-28T16:59:33Z

Casecrer: replacing copyright protected image by public domain image

{{Infobox university
|name = University of California, Merced
|motto = ''[[Fiat lux]]'' ([[Latin]])
|mottoeng = [[Let there be light]]
|image =[[File:The University of California 1868 Merced.svg|180px|UCM Seal (Trademark of UC Regents)]]
|caption = Seal of the University of California, Merced
|established =2005
|type =[[Public university|Public]] research university
|endowment = $26.9 million <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/_files/report/UC_Annual_Endowment_Report_FY2011-2012.pdf |title=UC Annual Endowment Report, Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012; p.4 |accessdate=2013-01-07 |publisher=Office of the Treasurer of the Regents of the University of California|format=PDF}}</ref>
|staff =
|faculty =264 <ref>{{cite web|url=http://ipa.ucmerced.edu/docs/Faculty%20-%20staff/Faculty%20Headcount.pdf |title=2011 Faculty Headcount |publisher=Ucmerced.edu |accessdate=2012-12-26}}</ref>
|chancellor =[[Dorothy Leland]] (July 1, 2011-present)<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://link.ucop.edu/2011/05/24/dorothy-leland-named-uc-merced-chancellor-by-regents
|title=Dorothy Leland Named UC Merced Chancellor by Regents
|accessdate=2011-07-13
}}
</ref>
|provost = Tom Peterson (Dec. 3, 2012-present)<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.ucmerced.edu/news/new-provost-shares-vision-campus
|title=New Provost Shares Vision for Campus
|accessdate=2012-12-26
}}
</ref>
|students = 6,195 [Fall 2013]<ref name="Enrollment">.{{cite web|url=http://ipa.ucmerced.edu/docs/campus%20enrollment/Class%20Level.pdf |title=UC Merced Campus Headcount Enrollment By Class Level |publisher=UC Merced Institutional Planning & Analysis}}</ref>
|undergrad = 5,837 [Fall 2013]<ref name="Enrollment"/>
|postgrad = 43 [Fall 2013]<ref name="Enrollment"/>
|doctoral = 315 [Fall 2013]<ref name="Enrollment"/>
|city =[[Merced, California|Merced]]
|state =[[California]]
|country =[[USA]]
|coor = {{coord|37.366|-120.4235 |format=dms |region:US-CA_type:edu |display=inline,title}}
|campus =[[Rural]], {{convert|810|acre|ha}}; {{convert|7045|acre|ha}} total <ref name="Campus Facts">.{{cite web|url=http://finreports.universityofcalifornia.edu/index.php?file=10-11/pdf/fullreport_1011.pdf |format=PDF |title=UC Financial Reports – Campus Facts in Brief |year=2010-11 |publisher=University of California |accessdate=November 17, 2012}}</ref>
|colors =[[Azure (heraldry)|Royal Blue]] & [[Or (heraldry)|Gold]] {{color box|#000066}}{{color box|#CC9900}}
|mascot =Golden Bobcats
|address =University of California 5200 North Lake Road Merced, CA 95344
|affiliations =[[University of California]] [[Western Association of Schools and Colleges|WASC]]
|website =[http://www.ucmerced.edu www.ucmerced.edu]
|logo = [[File:UCM logo.png|248px]]
}}
The '''University of California, Merced''' (also referred to as '''UC Merced''' or '''UCM'''), is the tenth and newest of the [[University of California]] campuses. Located in the [[San Joaquin Valley]] in [[unincorporated area|unincorporated]] [[Merced County, California]], near [[Merced, California|Merced]], UC Merced was the first American research university to be built in the 21st century.<ref>[http://www.ucmerced.edu/about_ucmerced/mission.asp UC Merced - Mission Statement]</ref>

==History==
As the San Joaquin Valley was the state's largest and most populous region without a UC campus, on May 19, 1988, the [[Regents of the University of California]] voted to begin planning for a campus in the region, in response to increasing enrollment and growth constraints at existing UC campuses.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DE2D81239F935A15752C1A96E948260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=2
|title=Battle for California Campus Waged Far From Urban Glow |newspaper=[[New York Times]] | date=November 26, 1988 | accessdate=2008-01-27 |last=Reinhold|first=Robert |postscript=}}</ref> On May 19, 1995, the Regents selected the [[Merced, California|Merced]] site, mid-way between [[Fresno, California|Fresno]] and [[Modesto, California|Modesto]], as the location for the University of California's tenth campus.<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.ucmercedplanning.net/projovrvw.html
|title=UC Merced Planning - Project Overview
|publisher=www.ucmercedplanning.net
|accessdate=2008-01-27
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref> The campus [[groundbreaking]] ceremony was held October 25, 2002, and the first day of class was September 6, 2005.

On May 16, 2009, First Lady [[Michelle Obama]] gave the commencement address for the university's first full graduating class, marking her first public experience as First Lady.<ref>See: http://www.mercedsunstar.com/474 (accessed 21 March 2012).</ref>

In 2010 the [[United States Census Bureau]] made UC Merced its own separate [[census-designated place]].<ref name="GeologicalSurvey" />
In fall 2010 the new student housing facilities, The Summits, opened to provide two new residential halls for incoming students. The two, four-story buildings, Tenaya Hall and Cathedral Hall, are reserved primarily for incoming freshmen students.<ref>[http://housing.ucmerced.edu/2.asp?uc=1&lvl2=6&lvl3=6&lvl4=177&contentid=162 Housing - The Summits]</ref>

==Organization and governance==
[[File:Ansel adams.JPG|thumb|250px|left|Ansel Adams Road]]

UC Merced is headed by a [[Chancellor (education)|chancellor]]. After a nation-wide search, on May 24, 2011, the Regents of the University of California named Dorothy Leland, President of Georgia College & State University, to be the university's newest chancellor. [[Sung Mo Kang|Sung-Mo (Steve) Kang]], Dean of the [[University of California, Santa Cruz]], [[Baskin School of Engineering]] held the position immediately prior, from 2006 to 2011, and stepped down so he could return to research and teaching. [[Carol Tomlinson-Keasey]] held the position from 1999 until she resigned on August 31, 2006. She returned to teaching and research in psychology in 2007 and later died of breast cancer in 2009.<ref>{{Cite news | last = McLellan | first = Dennis | title = Carol Tomlinson-Keasey dies at 66; founding chancellor of UC Merced | newspaper = ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' | date = October 13, 2009 | url = http://www.latimes.com/news/obituaries/la-me-carol-tomlinson-keasey13-2009oct13,0,6326141.story | accessdate = October 27, 2009}}</ref> On September 21, 2006, the Regents named [[Roderic B. Park]], a former interim chancellor at the [[University of Colorado at Boulder]], as the acting chancellor for UC Merced.<ref>[http://www.ucmerced.edu/news_articles/09212006_uc_president_appoints_roderic.asp U C Merced - UC President Appoints Roderic Park Acting Chancellor of UC Merced]</ref> Park remained acting chancellor until Kang took office in early March 2007.

Although UC Merced is located in a rural area associated with agriculture, it emphasizes cutting edge interdisciplinary research grounded in natural science, math, engineering and social sciences.{{citation needed|date=August 2013}} The campus takes advantage of the surrounding environment by investigating issues relating to environmental systems of the [[Central Valley (California)|Central Valley]] and [[Sierra Nevada (U.S.)|Sierra Nevada]], and of its youth by having programs in genetic research conducted in state-of-the-art research labs. It also benefits from proximity to [[Silicon Valley]] and other major universities. Research in fields like language acquisition and cultural issues is facilitated by the highly diverse ethnic makeup of the Central Valley.

UC Merced operates on a semester basis rather than the quarter system for its [[academic term]]. The [[University of California, Berkeley|Berkeley]] campus is the only other UC campus on a semester system.

==Academics==
[[File:UC Merced's Scholars lane.JPG|thumb|300px|right|Scholars Lane]]

UC Merced has 3 schools offering 19 undergraduate majors and 22 minors:<ref>[http://www.ucmerced.edu/academics UC Merced - Academics]</ref><ref>[http://www.ucmerced.edu/undergraduate_majors.asp UC Merced - Undergraduate Majors]</ref>

* School of Engineering
* School of Natural Sciences
* School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts

The site for the Science and Engineering Building 2 was recently dedicated.<ref>See: http://www.mercedsunstar.com/2011/01/15/1730536/new-science-building-site-dedicated.html (Accessed 26 March 2012)</ref>

For graduate-level study, UC Merced Graduate Division offers programs in 11 emphases: applied mathematics, biological engineering and small-scale technologies, cognitive and information sciences, electrical engineering and computer science, environmental systems, mechanical engineering and applied mechanics, physics and chemistry, psychology, quantitative and systems biology, social and cognitive sciences, and world cultures.<ref>[http://graduatedivision.ucmerced.edu/academic-programs UC Merced Graduate Division]</ref> The various programs within the Graduate Division have produced PhDs and Masters-level graduates. Some have found work in faculty positions at different colleges and universities, while others have chosen to enter government service.<ref>See: http://www.ucmerced.edu/news/uc-merced-phd-lands-tenure-track-position-hydrology (accessed 21 March 2012); http://www.jessup.edu/about/personnel/faculty/richard-ravalli (accessed 21 March 2012); http://www.mercedsunstar.com/2012/01/31/2212952/uc-merced-connect-graduate-is.html (accessed 21 March 2012)</ref>

In 2011, the campus was granted accreditation by [[Western Association of Schools and Colleges|WASC]].<ref>[http://www.wascsenior.org/apps/institutions/university-california-merced University of California Merced | WASC]</ref>
{{-}}

==Admissions and enrollment==
{|style= float:right; "text-align:center; font-size:85%; margin-left:2em; margin:auto;" class="wikitable"
|+ ''First-Time Freshman Profile''<ref name=Admits>http://ipa.ucmerced.edu/docs/Applicants/Admit%20and%20Yield%20Rates%20by%20Student%20Type.pdf</ref><ref>http://ipa.ucmerced.edu/docs/First-Time%20Freshmen/First-Time%20Freshmen%20High%20School%20GPA.pdf</ref><ref>http://ipa.ucmerced.edu/docs/First-Time%20Freshmen/First-Time%20Freshmen%20SAT%20Scores.pdf</ref>
|-
!  !! 2013 !! 2012 !! 2011 !! 2010 !! 2009 !! 2008 !! 2007
|-
! Applicants
| 15,883 || 14,056 || 15,206 || 22,902 || 20,851 || 19,116 || 15,094
|-
! Admits
| <center>10,314</center> || 10,614 || 12,161 || 20,296 || 19,042 || 17,324 || 13,512
|-
! % Admitted
|<center>64.9</center> || <center>75.5</center>|| <center>80.0</center> || <center>88.6</center> || <center>91.3</center> || <center>90.6</center> || <center>89.5</center>
|-
! Enrolled
|<center> 1,654 </center> || <center> 1,495 </center> || <center>1,443</center>|| <center>1,128</center> || <center>1,128</center>|| <center>925</center> ||<center> 669</center>
|-
! GPA Average
|<center> N/A</center> || <center> 3.47</center> || <center>3.44</center> || <center>3.45</center> || <center>3.44</center> || <center>3.42</center> || <center>3.47</center>
|-
! SAT Composite
| <center>N/A</center> || <center>1516</center> || <center>1512</center> || <center>1514</center> || <center>1538</center> || <center>1544</center> || <center>1560</center>
|-
|*SAT out of 2400
|}

UC Merced received 15,883 applications for admission to the Fall 2013 incoming freshman class; 10,314 were admitted (64.9%).<ref name=Admits/>

Undergraduate enrollment in fall 2011 was 50% women and 50% men; approximately 99% were from California.<ref name="Profile"/>

== Research institutes ==
* Health Sciences Research Institute (HSRI)
* Sierra Nevada Research Institute (SNRI)

In 2007, UC Merced researchers obtained nearly $7 million in funding from the [[National Science Foundation]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Doyle | first=Michael | title= UC Merced leads research funds race | url= http://www.modbee.com/local/story/92252.html | publisher= [[The Modesto Bee]] | date=October 13, 2007 | accessdate= 2007-10-15}}</ref>

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the University is a [[census-designated place]] (CDP)<ref name="GeologicalSurvey">{{gnis|2583172}}</ref> that was uninhabited at the 2010 census<ref>{{USCensus2010CA}}</ref> and covers an area of 1.126 square miles (2.916 km²), all of it land.

== Campus ==
[[File:UC Merced at night.jpg|thumb|250px|left|The campus at night.]]

The campus is bounded by [[Lake Yosemite]] on one side, and two [[aqueduct (watercourse)|irrigation canals]] run through the campus. The campus master plan was developed by [[Skidmore, Owings & Merrill]], its initial [[infrastructure]] by Arup, and its first buildings were designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, Thomas Hacker and Associates, and EHDD Architecture. The library and central power plant have been classified as [[Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design]] Gold structures in terms of their high energy efficiency and low environmental impact.<ref>
{{Cite news
|url=http://greensource.construction.com/projects/0801_UniversityofCalifornia.asp
|title=Case study: University of California, Merced, Enlightening Sustainability: University research facility is a teaching tool for eco-minded students
|magazine=GreenSource
|accessdate=2008-03-03
|last=Boehland
|first=Jessica
|date=January, 2008
|postscript=
}}
</ref> The campus is located about seven miles (11 km) north of downtown Merced in the middle of a cattle ranch.<ref>{{Cite news | last=McKinley | first=Jesse | title=California's Newest State University Is Short of Students | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/17/education/17merced.html | date=July 26, 2006 | newspaper=[[New York Times]] | accessdate=2008-01-16 | postscript=}}</ref>

Rather than build on {{convert|40|acre}} of protected land east of Lake Yosemite, where endangered [[fairy shrimp]] hatch in [[vernal pool]]s, the school will build on a {{convert|230|acre|ha|sing=on}} parcel of grazing land south of campus, under a revised layout. The fledgling campus will cover a total of {{convert|810|acre|ha}}, rather than the {{convert|910|acre|ha}} proposed in 2000.<ref>
{{Cite journal
|url=http://www.highereducation.org/crosstalk/ct0101/ucmerced.shtml
|title=The Turbulent History of UC Merced. The University of California's proposed tenth campus encounters thorny environmental problems
|journal=National CrossTalk
|publisher=National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education
|volume=9
|issue=1
|accessdate=2008-03-11
|date=Winter, 2001
|last=Trombley
|first=William
|last2=Irving
|first2=Carl
|postscript=
}}
</ref> The new design will impact a total of {{convert|81|acre}} of native wetlands in the region compared to the {{convert|121|acre}} forecast in the 2000 footprint.<ref>{{cite news | title= UC Merced changes expansion plans to protect sensitive wetlands | url= http://www.mercurynews.com/breakingnews/ci_7119471| publisher= [[Mercury News]] | date=October 10, 2007 | accessdate= 2007-10-15}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref>

=== Kolligian Library ===
[[File:UCM library.jpg|250px|left|thumb|Kolligan library]]
The library was the first building to open on campus. During the Fall 2005 semester, while construction on the Classroom and Science/Engineering buildings was still going on, all academic courses were conducted in the library. Its official motto is "Not what other research libraries are, what they will be."

The Library building is named for Leo and Dottie Kolligian. Leo served as the Chairman of the UC Board of Regents in 1988 when the Board decided to explore building a 10th campus, in the San Joaquin Valley. The first floor of the library was dedicated by Ed and Jeanne Kashian. The McFadden-Willis Reading Room is located on the fourth floor and named in honor of the McFadden and Willis children by Christine McFadden. The Library also has a technology classroom dedicated by Doris Gonella in honor of her late husband Louis, The Gonella Discovery Room.

There is a café located on the first floor, and doors roll up in good weather providing an indoor/outdoor feel. Currently, the electronic holdings are much greater than the size of the print holdings, consisting of about 20,000 online journals and 540,000 electronic books, compared to 70,000 print books.{{Citation needed|date=August 2013}}
{{-}}

===Construction gallery===
<gallery widths="250px">
File:Student services building.jpg|Student Services Building
File:New lecture hall 2.jpg|Lecture Hall
File:Science and engineering building 2.jpg|Science and Engineering 2
File:Half dome.jpeg|Housing
</gallery>

==Athletics==
[[File:UCMBobcats.png|thumb|right|Logo of the UC Merced Bobcats]]
{{Main|UC Merced Golden Bobcats}}

UC Merced's recently established an intercollegiate athletic program presently competes in the [[California Pacific Conference]] of the [[National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics|NAIA]]. It fields officially sponsored teams in [[College basketball|men's and women's basketball]], men and women's [[Cross country running|cross country]], [[college soccer|women's soccer]] and [[Volleyball|women's volleyball]]; men's soccer and men's volleyball will begin competition during the 2013-2014 season. UC Merced hopes to join the [[NCAA]] in the near future. The school's goal is to compete at the [[NCAA Division II]] level as part of the [[California Collegiate Athletic Association]] (CCAA).

On November 13, 2006, the University opened its gymnasium. The [[Joseph Edward Gallo]] Recreation and Wellness Center, named after the rancher and dairy farmer who donated money for the facility's construction, features a "NCAA-sized basketball court, workout facilities, room for performances, wellness and fitness education and the Rajender Reddy Student Health Center".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ucmerced.edu/news_articles/11132006_score_uc_merced_opens.asp |title=U C Merced - Score! UC Merced Opens New Recreation Center, Launches Sports and Yosemite Leadership Programs |publisher=Ucmerced.edu |date= |accessdate=2010-05-27}}</ref> At the opening of the facility, In November 2010 the university announced its intentions to join the NAIA for the 2011-2012 academic year.<ref name="launch">{{cite web|last=Oppenheim|first=Jamie|work=[[Merced Sun-Star]]|url=http://www.mercedsunstar.com/2010/11/17/1657000/uc-merced-ready-to-launch-intercollegiate.html|title=UC Merced ready to launch intercollegiate sports -- almost|date=November 17, 2010|accessdate=November 21, 2010}}</ref> Plays in the NAIA's California Pacific Conference.

==Student life==
[[File:UCMDorms.JPG|thumb|left|200px|Valley Terraces Dormitory]]
[[File:IMAG0198.JPG|thumb|left|200px|Valley Terraces]]

Approximately 2,100 students currently live on campus in the Valley and Sierra Terraces and the Summits, which includes Tenaya, and Cathedral Halls, 4.2 miles (6.8 km) away from the city of [[Merced, California|Merced]]. The most recent addition is Half Dome Hall (opens fall 2013) which will complete the University of California at Merced's first residential square. The Summits include cleaning services, study lounges, a market, and a game room. Student housing, as well as the dining commons, are closed during winter break.<ref name="nytimes.com">{{cite news| url=http://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/13/us/homework-and-jacuzzis-as-dorms-move-to-mcmansions-in-california.html?_r=1&partner=rss&emc=rss&pagewanted=all | work=The New York Times | title=Homework and Jacuzzis as Dorms Move to McMansions in California | date=November 12, 2011}}</ref>
Much of the student life in the Residence Halls is run by the Resident Assistants (RAs)and Lead Resident Assistants (LRAs) through various programs and activities.

Due to the [[United States housing bubble]], and high costs of bond-funded student housing ($13,720 on-campus compared to $7,000 off campus), many students choose to live in new housing subdivisions and [[McMansions]] outside of campus. The Cattracks transit system serves student-dense developments.<ref name="nytimes.com"/>

{| class="wikitable" style="width:250px; float:right;"
|+ ''Ethnic enrollment, Fall 2011<ref name="Profile">{{cite web|url=http://ipa.ucmerced.edu/docs/facts/UC%20Merced%20Profile.pdf |title=UC Merced Profile |publisher=UC Merced Institutional Planning & Analysis |accessdate=2013-02-09}}</ref>''
! [[Ethnicity]] !! Undergraduate
|-
! [[African American]]
| 7%
|-
! [[Asian American]]
| 29%
|-
! [[Caucasian American]]
| 20%
|-
! [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic American]]
| 37%
|-
! [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]]
| <1%
|-
! [[Pacific Islander]]
| 1%
|-
! Two or more races
| 3%
|-
! Unreported/unknown
| 3%
|}

The university attempts to engage students in on-campus activities like dances and movie nights. Additionally, many students go to [[Lake Yosemite]] which is near the main campus. Students can walk, jog, picnic, [[barbecue]], and swim at the lake. Merced has several artistic venues which host plays, concerts, and art shows. They include [[The Mainzer|The Mainzer Theater]], The Partisan, [[Merced Multicultural Arts Center]], and Playhouse Merced. [[Castle Air Museum]] is within close driving distance from Merced. Merced is known as the "Gateway to Yosemite" and it is common for students to take day trips to [[Yosemite National Park]] where they can hike, snowboard, rock climb, and camp overnight.

Student publications include '[http://theprodigy.ucmerced.edu [[The Prodigy (newspaper)|The Prodigy]]]'',<ref>[http://prodigy.ucmerced.edu/ The Prodigy]</ref> student newspaper, '[http://bobcatradio.ucmerced.edu Bobcat Radio]'',<ref>[http://bobcatradio.ucmerced.edu/ bobcatradio | What College Radio Stations Will Be]</ref> student radio station, The Undergraduate Research Journal (URJ), and literary journals ''The Kumquat'' and ''Imagination Dead Imagine''.

===Student governments===
The founding graduate students, who joined the Graduate School of UC Merced in early 2004, initiated the Graduate Student Association (GSA) in that year, before the university officially opened its doors to undergraduate students in the fall of 2005. The constitution and by-laws were prepared by them. They were then approved by all the graduate students.

The undergraduate students of UC Merced have initiated and established their own student government. The Committee on Constitution and By-Laws was established in fall 2005 and was responsible for writing the constitution for the Associated Students of UC Merced (ASUCM). Elections for the ratification of the constitution were held in April, 2006. The constitution was approved by a majority of the student body, officially establishing ASUCM, which serves as the official representative and voice of students.

===Clubs===
There are approximately 200<ref>{{cite web|url=http://studentlife.ucmerced.edu/what-we-do/clubs-orgs/current-clubs-organizations|accessdate=05/13/13}}</ref> student run clubs, including: [http://theprodigy.ucmerced.edu The Prodigy], [http://bobcatradio.ucmerced.edu Bobcat Radio], Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), Sports Shooting, Society of Asian Scientists and Engineers (SASE), Merced Pre-Law Society, Business Society, [[National Society of Black Engineers]] (NSBE), American Women Making A Difference, Black Student Union (BSU), [[Society of Women Engineers]], [[American Society of Mechanical Engineers]], Math Society, [[Amnesty International]], [[American Medical Student Association]], Chinese Student Association, [[Circle K International|Circle K]] International, Hermanas Unidas de UCM, Korean American Coalition, Hmong Student Association (HSA), Nikkei Student Union (NSU), Dance Coalition, Distinguished Ladies, Student Transfer Outreach and Mentor Program, [[College Democrats of America|Democrats at UC Merced]], Bobcat Band, HHM (Hip Hop Movement), Society of Freethinkers, [[Intervarsity Christian Fellowship]], Martial Arts Club, [[Muslim Student Association]], NORML, Persian Student Association of UC Merced (PSAUCM), Pilipino American Alliance (PAA), [[College Republicans|Republicans at UC Merced]], South Asian Student Association, Taekwondo (TKD), [[Rotaract]],UNICEF at UC Merced rock climbing, bakery clubs, archery clubs, and frisbee golf clubs.

===Greek life===
There are currently seven social Greek organizations and four professional Greek organizations. The social Greek organizations are all governed by one council known as Fraternity Sorority Council. Collectively, fraternities and sororities constitute one of the largest student groups on campus. {{Citation needed|date=February 2011}} They are affiliated with large national organizations that are founded upon principles of leadership, scholarship, service and brotherhood or sisterhood.

{{MultiCol}}
; North-American Interfraternity Conference Fraternities
* [[Sigma Alpha Epsilon]] ΣΑΕ, Chi Mu chapter
* [[Sigma Chi]] ΣΧ, Lambda Delta chapter
* [[Omega Delta Phi]] ΩΔΦ, Alpha Psi chapter

{{ColBreak}}
;International Fraternities
* [[Kappa Sigma]] ΚΣ, Rho Omicron chapter

{{ColBreak}}

; National Panhellenic Conference Women's Fraternities and Sororities
* [[Delta Delta Delta]] ΔΔΔ, Epsilon Kappa chapter
* [[Delta Gamma]] ΔΓ, Eta Rho chapter
* [[Kappa Kappa Gamma]] ΚΚΓ, Eta Xi chapter

{{ColBreak}}
; Latina-Based Sororities
* [[Lambda Theta Nu]] ΛΘΝ, Alpha Pi chapter

{{end}}

;Professional Co-ed Fraternities
* [[Delta Epsilon Mu]] ΔΕΜ, Theta chapter
* [[Phi Delta Epsilon]] ΦΔΕ, Lambda chapter
* [[Alpha Kappa Psi]] ΑΚΨ, Psi Upsilon chapter
* [[Theta Tau]] ΘΤ, Mu Delta chapter
* [[Alpha Phi Omega]] ΑΦΩ, Alpha Eta Gamma chapter

==See also==
{{Portal|California|University}}
*[[:Category:University of California, Merced faculty]]
{{-}}

==References==
;Notes
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons|University of California, Merced}}
* [http://www.ucmerced.edu Official website]
* [http://www.ucmercedbobcats.com Official athletics website]

{{University of California}}
{{California Pacific Conference navbox}}
{{Merced County, California}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:California, Merced, University Of}}
[[Category:University of California, Merced|*]]
[[Category:University of California|Merced]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 2005]]
[[Category:Schools accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in Merced County, California|University of California, Merced]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in Merced County, California|University of California, Merced]]
[[Category:California Pacific Conference]]
[[Category:2005 establishments in California]]

University of California, Irvine

2013-10-28T16:52:47Z

Casecrer:

{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2012}}
{{Infobox University
| name = University of California, Irvine
| motto = ''[[Fiat lux]]'' ([[Latin]])
| mottoeng = ''[[Let there be light]]''
| image_name = The University of California Irvine.svg
|image_size=200px
|caption = [[Seal (device)|Seal]] of the University of California, Irvine
| image_size = 180px
| established = 1965
| type = [[Public university|Public]], [[Land-grant college|Land]], [[Space grant colleges|Space Granted]] [[research university|Research University]]
| calendar = Quarter
| endowment = $293.2 million <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/_files/report/UC_Annual_Endowment_Report_FY2011-2012.pdf |title=UC Annual Endowment Report, Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012; p.4 |accessdate=2013-01-07 |publisher=Office of the Treasurer of the Regents of the University of California|format=PDF}}</ref>
| staff =
| faculty = 2,685
| chancellor = [[Michael V. Drake]]
| provost = Howard Gillman<ref name="UC Irvine News">{{cite web|title=UC Irvine names Howard Gillman provost and executive vice chancellor|url=http://news.uci.edu/features/uc-irvine-names-howard-gillman-provost-and-executive-vice-chancellor/|publisher=University of California, Irvine|accessdate=24 May 2013}}</ref>
| students = 28,184 [2012 Fall]<ref name="Campus Facts"/><ref name="oir.uci.edu">http://www.oir.uci.edu/enr/IIA22-total-enr.pdf?R=808982</ref>
| undergrad = 22,216 [2012 Fall]<ref name="oir.uci.edu"/>
| postgrad = 2,248 [2012 Fall]<ref name="oir.uci.edu"/>
| doctoral = 3,720 [2012 Fall]
| city = [[Irvine, California|Irvine]]
| state = California
| country = United States
| coor = {{coord|33|38|43.26|N|117|50|33.51|W|display=inline,title}}
| campus = [[Suburb]]an {{convert|1526|acre|ha}}<ref name="Campus Facts">.{{cite web|url=http://finreports.universityofcalifornia.edu/index.php?file=10-11/pdf/fullreport_1011.pdf |format=PDF |title=UC Financial Reports – Campus Facts in Brief |year=2010-11 |publisher=University of California |accessdate=November 17, 2012}}</ref>
| free_label = [[Nobel Laureates]]
| free = 4<ref>[[List of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of California, Irvine]] ''List of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of California, Irvine''</ref>
| colors = Blue and gold {{color strip|border-color=black|border-style=dotted|border=1|#002469|#FAE051}}<ref name=ucicolors>{{cite web|title=Colors|url=http://www.uci.edu/graphic_identity/colors.php|accessdate=July 11, 2011}}</ref>
| nickname = [[UC Irvine Anteaters|Anteaters]]
| mascot = Peter the Anteater
| fightsong = ''Anteaters Go!'' ''The Big C''
| athletics = 18 Varsity Teams [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] [[Division I (NCAA)|Division I]]
| affiliations = [[Public Ivy]] [[University of California]] [[Association of American Universities]] [[Big West Conference]] [[Mountain Pacific Sports Federation]] [[Association of Pacific Rim Universities]]
| free_label = Newspaper
| free = [[New University (newspaper)|New University]]
| former_names =
| website = [http://www.uci.edu www.uci.edu]
| address = University of California, Irvine: Main Campus University of California, Irvine Irvine, CA 92697 (949) 824-5011
| logo = [[File:Ucirvine logo.png|150px]]
}}

The '''University of California, Irvine''' ('''UCI''', '''UC Irvine''', or '''Irvine''') is a [[Public university|public]] [[research university]] located in [[Irvine, California]] and one of the 10 general campuses in the [[University of California]] (UC) [[University system|system]]. UCI's [[Orange County, California|Orange County]] campus is the fifth-largest in the UC system, with over 28,000 students, 1,100 faculty members and 9,000 staff.

UC Irvine is considered a [[Public Ivy]] and offers 80 undergraduate degrees and 98 graduate and professional degrees. The university is designated as having [[List of research universities in the United States|very high research activity]] in the [[Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education]], and in 2009 had $325.49 million in [[research and development]] expenditures according to the National Science Foundation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/nsf11313/pdf/tab27.pdf |format=PDF |title=TABLE 27. R&D expenditures at universities and colleges, ranked by FY 2009 R&D expenditures: FY 2002–09 |publisher=National Science Foundation |year=2009}}</ref> UC Irvine became a member of the [[Association of American Universities]] in 1996, and is the youngest university to hold membership.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aau.edu/about/article.aspx?id=5476 |title=Member Institutions and Years of Admission |year=2011|publisher=Association of American Universities}}</ref> The university also administers the [[UC Irvine Medical Center]], a large [[teaching hospital]]; the UC Irvine Health Sciences system in the [[Orange, California|City of Orange]]; the [[University of California, Irvine, Arboretum]]; and a portion of the [[University of California Natural Reserve System]].

UCI was one of three new UC campuses established in the 1960s to accommodate growing enrollments across the UC system. A site in Orange County was identified in 1959, and in the following year [[The Irvine Company]] sold the University of California {{convert|1000|acres|ha}} of land [[Nominal consideration|for one dollar]] to establish the new campus. President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] dedicated the campus in 1964.<ref>[https://secure.flickr.com/photos/ocarchives/2882120545/ President Lyndon Johnson at the groundbreaking for the University of California, Irvine, 1964]. Orange County Archives' C.M. Featherly Collection.</ref>

The [[UC Irvine Anteaters]] compete in 18 men's and women's sports in the [[Division I (NCAA)|NCAA Division I]] as members of the [[Big West Conference]] and the [[Mountain Pacific Sports Federation]]. Since 1969, the university has won 28 national team championships in nine different sports and has had 63 individual national champions.

== History ==

=== Early years ===
The University of California, Irvine was one of three new campuses established in the 1960s under the [[California Master Plan for Higher Education]] with the [[University of California, San Diego|San Diego]] and [[University of California, Santa Cruz|Santa Cruz]] campuses.<ref>{{cite conference| last=Olin| first=Spencer C.| year=2005| title=Designing UC Irvine| booktitle=Designing UCI| editor=Jackie M. Dooley (ed.)| pages=3–12| publisher=The UC Irvine Libraries| location=Irvine, CA}}</ref> During the 1950s, the [[University of California]] saw the need for the new campuses to handle both the large number of college-bound World War II veterans (largely due to the [[G. I. Bill of Rights|G. I. Bill]]) and the expected increase in enrollment from the [[Post-World War II baby boom|post-war baby boom]]. One of the new campuses was to be in the Los Angeles area; the location selected was Irvine Ranch, an area of agricultural land bisecting [[Orange County, California|Orange County]] from north to south. This site was chosen to accommodate the county's growing population, complement the growth of nearby [[UCLA]] and [[UC Riverside]], and allow for the construction of a master planned community in the surrounding area.<ref name="site selection">{{cite web | title=Anteater Chronicles: Site Selection | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine Library | url=http://www.lib.uci.edu/ucihistory/index.php?page=early_years&function=selection }} {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref>
[[File:UCISign.jpg|thumb|One of two identical UCI signs that face the main campus' western entrance.]]
Unlike most other University of California campuses, UCI was not named for the city it was built in; at the time of the university's founding (1965), the current city of [[Irvine, CA|Irvine]] (established in 1975) did not exist. The name "Irvine" is a reference to [[James Irvine (landowner)|James Irvine]], a landowner who administered the {{convert|94000|acre|ha|sing=on}} Irvine Ranch. In 1960, [[The Irvine Company]] sold {{convert|1000|acre|ha}} of the Irvine Ranch to the University of California for one dollar, since a company policy prohibited the donation of property to a public entity.<ref name="site selection" /> The University purchased an additional {{convert|510|acre|ha}} in 1964 for housing and commercial developments. Much of the land that was not purchased by UCI (which is now occupied by the cities of Irvine, [[Tustin, California|Tustin]], [[Newport Beach, California|Newport Beach]], and [[Newport Coast, Newport Beach, California|Newport Coast]]) is now held under [[The Irvine Company]]. During this time, the University also hired [[William Pereira]] and Associates as the Master Planner of the Irvine Ranch area. Pereira intended for the UC Irvine campus to complement the neighboring community, and the two grew in tandem. Soon after UC Irvine opened in 1965, the City of Irvine became incorporated and established in 1971 and 1975, respectively.<ref name="site selection" />

UC Irvine's first Chancellor, [[Daniel G. Aldrich]], developed the campus' first academic plan around a College of Arts, Letters, and Science, a Graduate School of Administration, and a School of Engineering. The College of Arts, Letters, and Science was composed of twenty majors in five "Divisions": Biological Sciences, Fine Arts, Humanities, Physical Sciences, and Social Sciences (which transformed into the present-day "Schools").<ref>{{cite web | title=Anteater Chronicles: Academic Programs | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine Library | url=http://www.lib.uci.edu/ucihistory/index.php?page=academic }} {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref> Aldrich was also responsible for implementing the wide variety of flora and fauna on the campus that fit the local Mediterranean climate zone, feeling that it served an "aesthetic, environmental, and educational [purpose]."<ref>{{cite web | title=Anteater Chronicles: Landscaping | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine Library | url=http://www.lib.uci.edu/ucihistory/index.php?page=architecture&function=landscaping }} {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref>

[[File:LyndonBJohnsonUCIrvineGroundbreaking1964.jpg|thumb|right|President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] at the university's groundbreaking ceremony in June 1964]]
On June 20, 1964, U.S. President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] dedicated UC Irvine before a crowd of 15,000 people, and on October 4, 1965 the campus began operations with 1,589 students, 241 staff members, 119 faculty, and 43 teaching assistants.<ref>{{cite web | title=Anteater Chronicles: Site Dedication | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine Library | url=http://www.lib.uci.edu/ucihistory/index.php?page=early_years&function=dedication }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Anteater Chronicles: First Day of Classes | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine Library | url=http://www.lib.uci.edu/ucihistory/index.php?page=early_years&function=firstday }}</ref> However, many of UCI's buildings were still under construction and landscaping was still in progress, with the campus only at 75% completion.<ref name="lib">{{cite web | title=Anteater Chronicles: Maps | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine Library|url=http://www.lib.uci.edu/ucihistory/index.php?page=maps }} {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref> By June 25, 1966, UCI held its first Commencement with fourteen students, which conferred ten Bachelors of Arts, three Masters of Arts, and one Doctor of Philosophy degree.<ref>{{cite web | title=Anteater Chronicles: First Graduating Class | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine Library | url=http://www.lib.uci.edu/ucihistory/index.php?page=early_years&function=firstgrad }} {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref>

In 1965 the [[California College of Medicine]] (originally a [[Osteopathic medicine in the United States|school of osteopathy]] founded in 1896 and the oldest continuously operating medical college in the [[southwestern United States|Southwest]]) became part of UC Irvine.<ref>[http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt5p3026p3/ Guide to the California College of Medicine Records] (AS-027), [[Online Archive of California]].</ref><ref name="som.uci.edu">[http://www.som.uci.edu/historicalTimeline.asp UC Irvine School of Medicine Historical Timeline]. UC Irvine School of Medicine.</ref>

In 1976, plans to establish an on-campus hospital were set aside, with the university instead purchasing the Orange County Medical Center (renamed the UC Irvine Medical Center) around 12 miles from UC Irvine, in the City of Orange.<ref name="som.uci.edu"/>

=== Present day ===
As the largest employer in [[Orange County, California|Orange County]], UCI contributes an annual economic impact of $4.2 billion with an operating budget of almost $1.9 billion for 2008 including $328 million in extramural research funding.<ref>{{cite web | title=Today@UCI: Facts & Figures | year=2009 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://today.uci.edu/pdf/UCI_09_Facts_and_Figures.pdf }}</ref> Numerous other educational and training opportunities are offered in numerous areas ranging from physician residency programs at UC Irvine's Medical Center to community certificate programs and other coursework through University Extension.

In 2011-2012, UC Irvine awarded 8,443 degrees: 6,766 [[bachelor's degrees]] 1,105 [[Master's degrees]], 413 [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]]s and [[Doctor of Education|Ed.D.]]s, 102 [[Doctor of Medicine|M.D.s]], and 57 [[Juris Doctor|J.D.s]].<ref>{{cite web | title=University of California – 2013 Campus Data| year=2013| publisher=University of California | url=http://www.uci.edu/facts/campus-data.php}}</ref>

=== Future growth ===
As a part of its long-term efforts to "attain flagship status,"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.evc.uci.edu/planning/charge.html|title=Chancellor's Advisory Council Charge to the Strategic Planning Committees|year=2006|author=Chancellor's Advisory Council|accessdate=October 22, 2006|publisher=University of California, Irvine}}</ref> UC Irvine has implemented construction projects (estimated to cost $1.3 billion over the next decade) that will accelerate the campus build-out and employ the remainder of the university's land grant.<ref>{{cite web | title=Design and Construction Services, UC Irvine | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://www.designandconstruction.uci.edu/ }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Design and Construction Services | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://www.designandconstruction.uci.edu/documents/Capital_Projects.pdf |format=PDF}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title= UC Irvine Campus and Environmental Planning | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://www.ceplanning.uci.edu/lrdpmap.html }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Orange County Register | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://www.ocregister.com/ocregister/healthscience/scienceenvironment/uciexpansion/article_1212008.php }}</ref> The exponential increase in construction activity is a part of the ''Strategy for Academic Development at UCI through 2015'', a master plan that outlines the vision of making UCI a first-choice university for college applicants nationwide.<ref name="evc.uci.edu">{{cite web | title=UC Irvine: Executive Vice Chancellor and Provost | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://www.evc.uci.edu/planning/index.html }}</ref> This increase also spawned a popular [[backronym]] of UCI: "Under Construction Indefinitely."<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.lib.uci.edu/libraries/exhibits/images/checklist_ucihistory.pdf | title = Under Construction Indefinitely: Forty Years of Designing UCI | year = 2005 | publisher = UC Irvine Libraries |format=PDF}}</ref>

== Campus ==
[[File:Campus of the University of California, Irvine (aerial view, circa 2006).jpg|thumb|UCI's core campus and surrounding areas. Aldrich Park is in the center.]]
The layout of the core campus resembles a rough circle with its center being Aldrich Park (initially known as Central Park), lined up by the Ring Mall and buildings surrounding the road. To further emphasize the layout, academic units are positioned relative to the center, wherein undergraduate schools are closer to the center than the graduate schools.<ref>{{cite web | title=Anteater Trivia | publisher=UCI Office of Admissions and Relations with Students | url=http://www.admissions.uci.edu/anteater_trivia.html | accessdate=2006}}</ref>

Aldrich Park is planted with over 11,120 trees (there are over 24,000 trees on the entire campus), including 33 species of eucalyptus. Two ceremonial trees were planted in 1990, one for Arbor Day and the second for former chancellor Daniel Aldrich who had died that year. On the first anniversary of the September 11th tragedies, the chancellor planted a bay laurel tree in remembrance of the heroes and victims of the events of September 11, 2001. The tree itself was a gift from the UCI Staff Assembly. Aldrich Park is the site for “Wayzgoose,” a medieval student festival held each year in conjunction with the “Celebrate UCI” open house. It also hosts many extracurricular activities.

Ring Mall is the main pedestrian road used by students and faculty to travel around the core campus. The road measures up to a perfect mile and completely encircles Aldrich Park.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.newstudents.uci.edu/?p=12 | title= New Students: Definitions | publisher = University of California Irvine}}</ref> Most schools and libraries are lined up by this road with each of these schools having their own central plaza which also connects to the Aldrich Park.

Other areas of the university outside of the core campus such as the School of Arts are connected by four pedestrian bridges. Beyond the core campus and the bridges, the layout of the campus is more suburban.
{{wide image|Uci-park-pano.jpg|1090px|<center>''Panoramic view of Aldrich Park.''</center>}}

=== Surroundings ===
{{see also| UCI Medical Center| University of California, Irvine, Arboretum| University of California Natural Reserve System}}
[[File:UCI Anteater sand sculpture.jpg|thumb|right|Anteater sand sculpture.]]
UCI is close to beaches, mountains, and the attractions of Southern California. Although the campus is located in the city of [[Irvine, California|Irvine]], it is located very close to the city of [[Newport Beach]]. In fact, the campus itself is directly bounded by the city of Newport Beach and [[Newport Coast]] on many sides. The western side of the campus borders the [[San Joaquin Freshwater Marsh Reserve]], through which Campus Drive connects UCI to the [[Interstate 405 (California)|405 freeway]]. The northern and eastern sides of UCI are adjacent to Irvine proper; the eastern side of the campus is delineated by Bonita Canyon Road, which turns into Culver Drive at its northern terminus and offers links to the [[California State Route 73|San Joaquin Hills Toll Road]] and [[Interstate 405 (California)|405 freeway]], respectively. Additionally, UCI's southern boundary is adjacent to the [[California State Route 73|San Joaquin Transportation Corridor]].

There exists a "North Campus" that houses the Facilities Management Department, the Faculty Research Facility, Central Receiving, Fleet Services, the Air Pollution Health Effects Laboratory, and numerous other functions. It is located next to the [[University of California, Irvine, Arboretum|UCI Arboretum]]; both the North Campus and the arboretum are located about {{convert|1|mi|km|0}} from the main campus.

William Pereira's original street layout for the region surrounding the University had a [[Nut (hardware)|wingnut]]-shaped loop road as the main thoroughfare, which twice crossed the campus. However, the [[Irvine Company]]'s development plans expanded before it could be completed, and portions of California, Carlson, Harvard and Turtle Rock roads today constitute segments of what would have been the Loop Road.

Despite the suburban environment, a variety of wildlife inhabits the university's central park, open fields, and wetlands. The university is home to [[bobcat]]s, [[mountain lion]]s, [[hawk]]s, [[golden eagle]]s, [[great blue heron]]s, [[squirrel]]s, [[opossum]]s, [[peregrine falcon]]s, rabbits, [[raccoon]]s, [[owl]]s, [[skunk]]s, [[weasel]]s, [[bat]]s, and [[coyote]]s. The [[University of California, Irvine, Arboretum|UCI Arboretum]] hosts a collection of plants from California and Mediterranean climates around the world. The rabbits in particular are very numerous and can be seen across campus in high numbers, especially during hours of low student traffic.

=== Architecture ===
[[File:kriegerhall.jpg|thumb|[[Murray Krieger]] Hall in the School of Humanities, named after an inspirational professor and an example of the [[Brutalist]] architecture of the campus.]]
The first buildings were designed by a team of architects led by [[William Pereira]] and including [[A. Quincy Jones]] and William Blurock. The initial landscaping, including Aldrich Park, was designed by an association of three firms, including that of the noted urban-landscaping innovator Robert Herrick Carter. Aldrich Park was designed under the direction of landscape architect Gene Uematsu, and was modeled after [[Frederick Law Olmsted]]'s designs for New York City's [[Central Park]]. The campus opened in 1965 with the inner circle and park only half-completed. There were only nine buildings and a dirt road connecting the main campus to the housing units. Only three of the six "spokes" that radiate from the central park were built, with only two buildings each. Pereira was retained by the university to maintain a continuity of style among the buildings constructed in the inner ring around the park, the last of which was completed in 1972. These buildings were designed in a style which combined sweeping curves and expressionistic shapes with elements of classic California architecture such as red tiled roofs and clay-tiled walkways, and distinctive white railings evoking the deck of an ocean liner.<ref>[http://www.lib.uci.edu/ucihistory/index.php?page=architecture&function=pereira William Pereira, Architect]. Anteater Chronicles: The UC Irvine Story. UC Irvine Library.</ref> These buildings featured an innovative structural design that freed the interiors from support columns in order to allow future alterations of their floor plans.

[[File:Engineering,UCI.jpg|thumb|Former Engineering Complex]]
Construction on the campus all but ceased after the Administration building, Aldrich Hall, was completed in 1974, and then resumed in the late 1980s, beginning a massive building boom that still continues today. This second building boom continued the futuristic trend, but emphasized a much more colorful, [[postmodern]] approach that somewhat contradicted the earthy, organic designs of the early buildings. Architects such as [[Frank Gehry]], [[Robert Venturi]], [[Eric Owen Moss]], [[James Stirling (architect)|James Stirling]] and [[Arthur Erickson]] were brought in to bring the campus more up to date. The recession in the early 1990s along with internal politics led to a change in direction, due to the reduced capital budget, and changing attitudes towards architectural innovation at the university. This in turn led to a "contextualist" approach beginning in the late 1990s combining stylistic elements of the first two phases in an attempt to provide an architectural "middle ground" between the two vastly different styles. Gehry's building was recently removed from campus to make way for a new building, with a design that has been called a "big beige box with bands of bricks." In 2009 the Humanities Gateway building, designed by [[Curtis W. Fentress]], was opened. Its curvilinear design marked a return to the sculptural treatment of concrete begun by Pereira.

As of 2005, the campus has more than 200 buildings and encompasses most of the university's {{convert|1525|acre|km2}}.<ref name="lib" /> The campus is in the midst of a $1.1 billion construction campaign.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.ocregister.com/ocregister/healthscience/scienceenvironment/article_1212008.php
|title=UCI undergoing historic expansion
|publisher=[[Orange County Register]]
|date=July 17, 2006
|accessdate=April 6, 2008
|last=Robbins
|first=Gary
}}
</ref>

=== Libraries and study centers ===
{{main|University of California, Irvine campus#Libraries and study centers}}
[[File:UCILibrary.jpg|thumb|right|Langson Library is the main repository for most of UC Irvine's research materials and hosts many study areas. It is one of four central libraries maintained by UC Irvine.]]
[[File:UC Irvine, Science Library.JPG|thumb|[[Francisco J. Ayala]] Science Library]]

{| class="wikitable"
|-
| Jack Langson Library
| Resources for the Arts, Humanities, Education, Social Sciences, Social Ecology, and Business & Management disciplines<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.lib.uci.edu/libraries/langson.html | title = Langson Library | accessdate =December 19, 2007 | publisher = University of California, Irvine Libraries |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071209193719/http://www.lib.uci.edu/libraries/langson.html |archivedate = December 9, 2007}}</ref>
|-
| [[Francisco J. Ayala]] Science Library
| One of the largest consolidated science and medical libraries in the nation. Resources for the schools of Biological Sciences, Engineering, Information and Computer Science, Physical Sciences, portions of Social Ecology, and the College of Medicine<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.lib.uci.edu/libraries/science.html | title = Science Library | accessdate =December 19, 2007 | publisher = University of California, Irvine Libraries |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071119073112/http://www.lib.uci.edu/libraries/science.html |archivedate = November 19, 2007}}</ref>
|-
| Grunigen Medical Library
|Located at [[UCI Medical Center]], contains 43,000 volumes of material<ref name = "medlib">{{cite web |url= http://www.ucihs.uci.edu/intmed/hypertext/hs.html |title = History and Setting of UCI School of Medicine | accessdate =December 19, 2007 | publisher = University of California, Irvine Health Affairs}} {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref>
|-
| Libraries Gateway Study Center
|Located across from the Langson Library.
|-
| Law Library
|Located on the bottom two floors of the Law Building
|}

UCI is noted for having many excellent special collections and archives. In addition to holding a noted [[Critical Theory]] archive and Southeast Asian archive, the Libraries also contain extensive collections in Dance and Performing Arts, Regional History, and more. Additionally, Langson Library hosts an extensive East Asian collection with materials in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean.

Nearly all departments and schools on campus complement the resources of the UC Irvine Libraries by maintaining their own reading rooms and scholarly meeting rooms. They contain small reference collections and are the choice for more intimate lectures, graduate seminars, and study sessions. There is also the large Gateway Study Center located across from Langson Library, one of the university's original buildings and under the custody of UC Irvine Libraries. Having served formerly as a cafeteria and student center, it is now a dual-use computer lab and study area which is open nearly 24 hours.

The UCI Student Center offers a large number of study areas, auditoriums, and two food courts, and therefore is one of the most popular places to study on campus. UC Irvine also has a number of computer labs that serve as study centers. The School of Humanities maintains the Humanities Instructional Resource Center, a drop-in computer lab specializing in language and digital media. Additionally, UCI maintains five other drop-in labs, four instructional computer labs, and a number of reservation-only SmartClassrooms, some of which are open 24 hours. Other popular study areas include Aldrich Park, the Cross-Cultural Center, the Locus (a study room and computer lab used by the Campuswide Honors Program), and plazas located in every school.

=== Tunnels ===
An underground network of tunnels runs between many of the major buildings on campus and the Central Plant, with the major trunk passage located beneath Ring Mall. Smaller tunnels branch off from this main passage to reach individual buildings, carrying electrical and air-conditioning utilities from the Central Plant. These tunnels have been the subject of much campus lore, the most popular story being that the tunnels were constructed to facilitate the safe evacuation of faculty in the event of a student riot. The main tunnel actually appears above ground in the form of an unusually thick bridge near the Engineering Tower, in an area where Ring Mall crosses between two hills.

== Governance ==
Like other [[University of California]] campuses, UC Irvine is governed by a Chancellor who has significant authority over campus academic and planning affairs. The Chancellor, in turn, is nominated by and is responsible to the [[Regents of the University of California]] and the UC President:
* 1962 [[Daniel G. Aldrich]]
* 1984 [[Jack W. Peltason]]
* 1993 Laurel L. Wilkening
* 1998 [[Ralph J. Cicerone]]
* 2005 [[Michael V. Drake]]

After the Chancellor, the second most senior official is the Executive Vice Chancellor and Provost.<ref>{{cite web | title=UC Irvine: Executive Vice Chancellor and Provost | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://www.evc.uci.edu/ }}</ref> He serves as the university's chief academic and operating officer. Every school on campus reports to the Executive Vice Chancellor and Provost through a Dean, and all other academic and administrative units report to his office through a Vice Chancellor or chief administrator. A partial list of these units includes Campus Recreation, Intercollegiate Athletics, Planning and Budget, Student Affairs, UC Irvine Libraries, UC Irvine Medical Center, and University Advancement. The Executive Vice Chancellor and Provost also governs the faculty senate.

== Academics ==
{{main|University of California, Irvine academics}}
[[File:NS2.JPG|thumb|right|Natural Science II, School of Biological Sciences]]
[[File:BS3.JPG|thumb|right|Biological Sciences III, School of Biological Sciences]]
[[File:social sciences.jpg|thumb|right|The School of Social Sciences from Aldrich Park.]]
UC Irvine's academic units are referred to as Schools. There are eight undergraduate Schools, two graduate Schools, one Department, and one field of Interdisciplinary Studies. The most recent academic unit, the College of Health Sciences, was established in 2004.<ref>{{cite web | title=UCI College of Health Sciences | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://www.cohs.uci.edu/about_uci1.shtml }} {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref> On November 16, 2006, the UC Regents approved the establishment of the School of Law, which opened in fall 2009.<ref>{{cite web | title=University of California, Irvine law school approved by UC Regents | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://today.uci.edu/news/release_detail.asp?key=1544 }}</ref> The remaining academic units offer accelerated or community education in the form of Summer Session and UC Irvine Extension. Additionally, UCI's Campuswide Honors Program is implementing an independent study program, which will allow students to develop their own curriculum across Schools and graduate with their own self-created major.

[[File:engineeringtower.jpg|thumb|The Engineering Tower, located in the Henry Samueli School of Engineering, is the tallest building on campus.]]

; Academic units:
* [[Claire Trevor School of the Arts]]
* [[University of California, Irvine School of Biological Sciences|School of Biological Sciences]]
* [[Henry Samueli School of Engineering]]
* College of Health Sciences
* School of Nursing
* School of Humanities
* [[Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences]]
* [[University of California, Irvine School of Physical Sciences|School of Physical Sciences]]
* [[University of California, Irvine School of Social Ecology|School of Social Ecology]]
* [[University of California, Irvine School of Social Sciences|School of Social Sciences]]
* [[University of California, Irvine School of Law|School of Law]]
* [[University of California, Irvine School of Medicine|School of Medicine]]
* [[Paul Merage School of Business]]
* [[School of Education]]
* Interdisciplinary Studies
* Summer Session
* UC Irvine Extension

=== Research organizations ===
To complement its mission as a research university, UCI hosts a diverse array of nationally and internationally-recognized research organizations.<ref>{{cite web | title=Organized Research Units | url=http://www.research.uci.edu/centers/researchPrograms.cfm?ru_type_cd=ORU | publisher=University of California, Irvine | date=January 3, 2008 | accessdate=November 22, 2008}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> These organizations are either chaired by or composed of UCI faculty, frequently draw upon undergraduates and graduates for research assistance, and produce a multitude of innovations, patents, and scholarly works. Some are housed in a school or department office; others are housed in their own multimillion-dollar facilities. These are a few of the more prolific research organizations at UCI:
* Beckman Laser Institute
* [[California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology]] (Calit2)
* Center for Complex Biological Systems
* Center for Global Peace and Conflict Studies
* Center for Cognitive Neuroscience
* Center for Unconventional Security Affairs
* Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center
* [[UC Irvine Institute of Transportation Studies|Institute of Transportation Studies]]
* National Fuel Cell Research Center
* Reeve-Irvine Research Center
* Center for the Study of Democracy
* Center for Health Policy Research
* W. M. Keck Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry
* Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center
* Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics (IGB)
* Center for Machine Learning and Data Mining (CML)

=== Rankings and distinctions ===
{{Infobox US university ranking
| ARWU_N = 31
| ARWU_W = 45
| Forbes = 112
| THES_W = 93
| QS_W = 149
| USNWR_NU = 49
| Wamo_NU = 84

}}
UC Irvine is considered a [[Public Ivy]]. For 2012-2013, ''[[US News & World Report]]'' ranked UC Irvine 44th among national universities and 12th among public universities in the US.<ref>[http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/rankings/national-universities America's Best Colleges 2013]. ''U.S. News & World Report'', 2012. Retrieved July 17, 2012.</ref> In addition, many of UCI's graduate programs consistently receive top-50 rankings from ''US News & World Report'', earning distinction in literary criticism and theory (1), criminology (5), creative writing (6), health care management (9), organic chemistry (11), information systems (11), physical chemistry (12), drama and theater (12), psychology-neurobiology and behavior (12), psychology – cognitive science (16), theoretical chemistry (18), experimental psychology (19), cell biology/developmental biology (21), English (22), sociology (25), business-part-time (25), chemistry (26), computer science (28), aerospace engineering (29), psychology (29), mechanical engineering (30), physics (30), civil engineering (31), biological sciences (34), environmental engineering (34), political science (36), education (37), engineering (39), biomedical engineering (40), economics (42), history (42), mathematics (43), medicine-research (44), materials science engineering (45), psychology and social behavior (47), business (49), and electrical engineering (49).<ref name="today.uci.edu">{{cite news | title=Today@UCI: Quick Facts: Statistics & Reports: UC Irvine Rankings | year=2012 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://today.uci.edu/facts/rankings_distinctions.php }}</ref>

''[[Times Higher Education]]'' in 2012 ranked UC Irvine 4th among the top 100 global universities under 50 years old, and 1st among all US universities under 50 years old.<ref name="Times Higher Education-100 under 50">{{cite web|title=100 under 50|work=http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/Journals/THE/THE/31_May_2012/attachments/THE_100_Under_50_.pdf}}</ref>

In 2013 ''[[Kiplinger]]'' ranked UCI 16th out of the top 100 best-value public colleges and universities in the nation, and 5th in California.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.kiplinger.com/tool/college/T014-S001-kiplinger-s-best-values-in-public-colleges/index.php |work=[[Kiplinger's Personal Finance|Kiplinger]] |title=Kiplinger's Best Values in Public Colleges |date=2013-01-15}}</ref>

According to ''[[The Daily Beast]]'' in 2010, quality of life is what students most value –besides academics– and UCI ranked 16th among “The 100 Happiest Colleges.”<ref name="The 100 Happiest Colleges">{{cite web|title=The 100 Happiest Colleges|work=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2010/04/11/the-100-happiest-colleges.html}}</ref> In April 2013 CBS News MoneyWatch listed UCI as the 11th happiest public university, based on the greatest percentage of freshmen who remain for their sophomore year.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-505145_162-57578749/25-state-universities-with-the-happiest-freshmen | title=25 state universities with the happiest freshmen | last=O'Shaughnessy | first=Lynn | work= [[CBS News]] Moneywatch | date=April 17, 2013 | accessdate=August 11, 2013}}</ref>

==== Notable faculty and Nobel Laureates ====
[[File:Uc irvine8300001.jpg|thumb|[[Frederick Reines]] Hall in the School of Physical Sciences, named after one of three UCI faculty members to receive the [[Nobel prize]].]]
[[File:Calit2, UCI.jpg|thumb|right|[[Calit2]], UCI]]

Three faculty members have been named [[National Medal of Science]] recipients.<ref name = "faculty">{{cite web | url = http://www.evc.uci.edu/planning/plan0106/01.20.06%20Where%20We%20Are%20Now.pdf | title = A Focus on Excellence: A Strategy for Academic Development at the University of California, Irvine 2005–2015: Where We Are Now | accessdate =February 14, 2008 | date = January 20, 2006 | publisher = University of California, Irvine |format=PDF}}</ref> Additionally, three researchers from UCI's faculty received the Nobel Prize during their tenure at UCI: '''[[Frank Sherwood Rowland]]''' ([[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]], 1995), '''[[Frederick Reines]]''' ([[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]], 1995), and '''[[Irwin Rose]]''' ([[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]], 2004). Dr. Rowland's Nobel-winning research was conducted exclusively at UC Irvine, along with fellow prize-winner [[Mario J. Molina]]. Irwin Rose received the Nobel Prize for his work on biological proteins. F. Sherwood Rowland helped to discover the harmful effects of [[Chlorofluorocarbon|CFCs]] on the [[ozone layer]], while Frederick Reines received the Nobel Prize for his work in discovering the [[neutrino]]. UCI is the first public university to have two Nobel laureates (Rowland and Reines) who received their prizes in the same year (1995).

'''[[Thomas Keneally]]''' was a visiting professor at UCI where he taught the graduate fiction workshop for one quarter in 1985. From 1991 to 1995, he was a visiting professor in the writing program at UCI.<ref>{{cite news|last=McClellan|first=Dennis|title=Keneally to Leave UCI for Home|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1994-09-26/news/ls-43251_1_writing-program|accessdate=29 April 2013|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=26 Sept 1994}}</ref> He is most famous for his book [[Schindler's Ark]] (1982) (later republished as ''Schindler's List''), which won the Booker Prize and is the basis of the film [[Schindler's List]] that was directed by [[Steven Spielberg]].

In January 2009, UCI Professor '''Reg Penner''' won the [[Faraday Medal]] for his research with [[nanowires]].<ref>{{cite web |title=UCI chemist awarded Faraday Medal
|publisher=nae.org |date=December 18, 2008 |url=http://www.zotwire.uci.edu/?story=2152 |accessdate=January 31, 2009 }}</ref>

'''Henry W. Sobel''' was awarded the Bruno Pontecorvo Prize in 2009 by the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR)in Dubna, Russia for his work on Neutrino Oscillations.

Evolutionary Biologist '''Francisco Ayala''' received the 2010 Templeton Prize for exceptional contribution to affirming life's spiritual dimension.

===== [[Learned societies]] affiliations:<ref name = "faculty"/>=====
* [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] (39 members)<ref>{{cite web |title=List of Active Member by Class
|publisher=amacad.org |date=December 18, 2008 |url=http://www.amacad.org/pdfs/classSection08.pdf |format=PDF|accessdate=December 23, 2008 }}</ref>
* [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]] (115 members)<ref>{{cite web |title=UCI tops all universities in number of researchers named fellows of leading scientific society |publisher=UCI |date=December 18, 2009 |url=http://www.zotwire.uci.edu/?story=2846 |accessdate=December 20, 2009 }}</ref>
* [[American Philosophical Society]] (7 members)
* [[American Physical Society]] (30 members)
* [[American Psychological Association]] (20 members)
* [[Institute of Medicine]] (5 members)
* [[National Academy of Engineering]] (8 members)<ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Members by Institution
|publisher=nae.org |date=December 18, 2008 |url=http://www.nae.edu/nae/naepub.nsf/Members%20By%20Parent%20InstitutionU?OpenView&Start=1&Count=30&Expand=16#16 |accessdate=December 23, 2008 }}</ref>
* [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]] (22 members)<ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Members by Institution |publisher=NAS |date=December 23, 2008 |url=http://www.nasonline.org/site/Dir/754948804?pg=rslts&v=b&lcmd=next&lcmd_cf= |accessdate=December 23, 2008 }}</ref>
{{-}}
*[[National Academy of Education]](3 members)<ref>{{cite web |title=NAEd Members |publisher=NAEd |date=October 25, 2013 |url=http://www.naeducation.org/NAED_080186.html |accessdate=October 25, 2013 }}</ref>

=== Admissions ===
{|style= "float:left; text-align:center; font-size:85%; margin-left:2em; margin:auto;" class="wikitable"
|+ ''First-Time Freshman Profile''<ref>http://www.oir.uci.edu/adm/IA18-fall-fr-select-yield-by-school.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.oir.uci.edu/adm/IA24-fall-fr-mean-sat-by-school.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.oir.uci.edu/adm/IA25-fall-fr-mean-hsgpa-by-school.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.oir.uci.edu/enr/IIB09-new-enr-by-ca-residency-2008-2012.pdf</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2013/13app.html |title=Fall 2013 Application Tables-Table 1 |publisher=University of California Office of the President}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/fall2013adm.html |title=California freshman admissions for fall 2013-Table 1 |publisher=University of California Office of the President}}</ref>

! !! 2013 (preliminary)!! 2012 !! 2011 !! 2010 !! 2009 !! 2008
|-
! Freshman Applicants
| 60,619 || 56,508 || 49,287 || 45,742 || 44,123 || 42,414
|-
! Admitted
| 24,968 || 23,956 || 23,391 || 20,678 || 19,484 || 20,670
|-
! % Admitted
| <center>41.2</center> ||<center>42.4</center> || <center>47.5</center> || <center>45.2</center> || <center>44.2</center> || <center>48.7</center>
|-
! Enrollment
| <center><center/> || <center>5,077<center/> || <center>5,115<center/> || <center>4,411<center/> || <center>4,030<center/> || <center>4,583</center>
|-
! Average GPA
| <center><center/> || <center>3.89<center/> || <center>3.87<center/> || <center>3.88<center/> || <center>3.85<center/> || <center>3.82</center>
|-
! Average SAT (out of 2400)
| <center><center/> || <center>1696<center/> || <center>1749<center/> || <center>1790<center/> || <center>1784<center/> || <center>1768</center>
|}

{|style= float:right; "text-align:center; font-size:85%; margin-left:2em; margin:auto;" class="wikitable"
|+ ''Demographics of 2012 enrolling freshman class''<ref name="freshman_profile"/>
|-
|| '''Ethnicity''' ||'''Percent'''
|-
|[[Asian American]]
|55.7%
|-
|[[White American]]
|17.5%
|-
|[[Mexican American]]
|16.0%
|-
|[[Spanish American]]
|4.4%
|-
|[[African American]]
|2.9%
|-
|Decline to state
|2.9%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|American-Indian]]
|<1%
|}

UC Irvine is categorized by ''[[U.S. News & World Report]]'' as "more selective" for college admissions ratings within the United States.<ref>{{cite web |title=University of California--Irvine |publisher=''U.S. News & World Report'' |accessdate=February 8, 2013 |url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/university-of-california-irvine-1314}}</ref> It is the fourth-most selective [[University of California]] campus, as measured by the ratio of admitted students to applicants (behind [[UC Berkeley]], [[UCLA]], and [[UC San Diego]]).<ref>{{cite web | title=University of California – Admissions | date=Fall 2012| publisher=University of California | url=http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2012/fall_2012_admissions_table2.pdf |accessdate=April 21, 2012 |format=PDF |archiveurl = http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2012/fall_2012_admissions_table2.pdf |archivedate = April 2, 2012}}</ref> UC Irvine received 56,525 applications for admission to the Fall 2012 incoming freshman class; 23,947 were admitted (42.46%).<ref name=AdmissionProfile>{{cite web |title=UC Irvine Freshman Admission Profile |url=http://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/campuses/irvine/freshman-profile/index.html |accessdate=2012-11-15 |work=University of California}}</ref> Fall 2012 admitted freshman applicants had an average high school GPA of 4.02, an average ACT Composite score of 27, and an average combined SAT score of 1844 (average SAT scores of 588 for Critical Reading, 645 for Mathematics, and 611 for Writing).<ref name=AdmissionProfile/>

The choice to offer admission is based on the University of California's comprehensive review program. It considers a candidate's personal situation, community involvement, extracurricular activities, and academic potential in addition to the traditional high school academic record, personal statement, and entrance examination scores.<ref>{{cite web | title=Eligibility in the Local Context – University of California Office of the President | year=2006 | publisher=University of California Office of the President | url=http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2001/comprev.pdf |format=PDF}}</ref> While residency is not a factor in admission, it is a factor in tuition expenses, with out-of-state residents spending more annually than California residents. State law prohibits UC Irvine from practicing [[affirmative action]] in its admissions process.

For fall of 2012, the incoming freshman were predominately from [[Los Angeles County]], followed by the [[Bay Area]] counties, [[Orange County, California|Orange County]], [[Riverside County]], [[San Bernardino County]], [[San Diego County]], and [[Imperial County]]. The most popular major for freshmen is a major in Biological Sciences (20.6%), followed by Engineering (16.6%), Undecided/Undeclared (16.5%), Social Sciences (13.4%), Physical Sciences (8.0%), Humanities (5.2%), Business (4.4%), Information and Computer Sciences (3.8%), Social Ecology (3.1%), Arts (2.8%), Pharmaceutical Sciences (2.8%), Health Sciences (1.5%), Other (1.0%), and Nursing (0.4%).<ref name="freshman_profile">{{cite web | title=Profile of Admitted Applicants – Fall Quarter 2012 | publisher=Office of Admissions and Relations with Schools, University of California, Irvine | url=http://www.admissions.uci.edu/admissions/profile_admitted.html}}</ref>

== Student life ==
{{main|Student activities and traditions at UC Irvine}}

=== Greek life ===

UCI's Greek Life began in 1973 with three sororities (Delta Gamma, Pi Beta Phi, and Gamma Phi Beta) and three fraternities (Beta Theta Pi, Sigma Chi, and Phi Delta Theta).<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.lib.uci.edu/ucihistory/index.php?page=students&function=fraternities |title = Anteater Chronicles: The UC Irvine Story}} {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref> Today it is a very active and growing community, with over 2,200 students in 26 sororities and 21 fraternities representing a wide range of ethnicities, cultures, and backgrounds.

There are three major overhead bodies on the campus that govern Greek Life, Inter Fraternity Council, The Panhellenic Association, and The Multicultural Greek Council. The IFC governs over the thirteen chapters which are considered Greek by the National Inter Fraternity Council (NIC). The Panhellenic Association has ten NPC (National Panhellenic Conference) chapters and two local chapters. The Panhellenic community was recently opened up for expansion in Fall 2008, where they welcome Sigma Kappa to the campus. The Multicultural Greek Council was first established in 2009, where MGC currently governs 20 Multicultural Greek Chapters.

Major events and programs in the Greek Community include Songfest, All Greek Conference, Greek Week, BANG (Being a New Greek), and risk management programs (topics vary).<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.dos.uci.edu/greeklife/index.php |title = Greek Life}}</ref>

==== Fraternities and sororities ====
{{Multicol}}
; Multicultural<ref name="fraternitiesandsororities">{{cite web | url=http://www.dos.uci.edu/greeklife/chapters/index.php | title = Chapters| work=Greek Life| accessdate=July 11, 2010}}</ref>
* [[Alpha Epsilon Omega]]
* Alpha Gamma Alpha
* [[alpha Kappa Delta Phi]]
* [[Delta Lambda Chi]]
* [[Delta Lambda Phi]]
* [[Lambda Sigma Gamma]]
* Lambda Theta Delta
* Kappa Zeta Phi
* [[Nu Alpha Kappa]]
* Phi Zeta Tau
* [[Pi Alpha Phi]]
* [[Sigma Delta Alpha]]
*Sigma Delta Sigma
* [[Sigma Lambda Beta]]
* [[Sigma Lambda Gamma]]
* [[Sigma Omicron Pi]]
* Tau Theta Pi
* [[Zeta Phi Rho]]

{{Multicol-break}}

; [[North-American Interfraternity Conference]]<ref name="fraternitiesandsororities" />
* [[Alpha Epsilon Pi]]
* [[Beta Theta Pi]]
* [[Kappa Sigma]]
* [[Phi Gamma Delta]] (FIJI)
* [[Phi Delta Theta]]
* [[Phi Kappa Psi]]
* [[Pi Kappa Alpha]]
* [[Pi Kappa Phi]]
* [[Sigma Alpha Epsilon]]
* [[Sigma Chi]]
* [[Sigma Nu]]
* [[Sigma Phi Epsilon]]
* [[Sigma Pi]]
* [[Triangle Fraternity]]

{{Multicol-break}}

; [[Panhellenic Association]]

; [[National Panhellenic Conference]]<ref name="fraternitiesandsororities" />
* [[Alpha Epsilon Phi]]
* [[Alpha Chi Omega]]
* [[Alpha Phi]]
* [[Delta Delta Delta]]
* [[Delta Gamma]]
* [[Gamma Phi Beta]]
* [[Kappa Alpha Theta]]
* [[Kappa Kappa Gamma]]
* [[Pi Beta Phi]]
* [[Sigma Kappa]]

; Local<ref name="fraternitiesandsororities" />
* [[Phi Sigma Rho]]
* [[Phi Zeta Tau]]

{{Multicol-break}}

; [[National Pan-Hellenic Council]]<ref name="fraternitiesandsororities" />
* [[Alpha Kappa Alpha]]
* [[Alpha Phi Alpha]]
* [[Delta Sigma Theta]]
* [[Kappa Alpha Psi]]

; Professional<ref name="fraternitiesandsororities" />
* [[Alpha Epsilon Delta]]
* [[Beta Alpha Psi]]
* [[Delta Sigma Pi]]
* [[Phi Beta Lambda]]
* [[Phi Alpha Delta]]
* [[Phi Delta Epsilon]]
* [[Sigma Psi Lambda]]
* [[Alpha Phi Sigma]]

; [[Service fraternity|Service]]<ref name="fraternitiesandsororities" />
* [[Alpha Phi Omega]]

{{Multicol-break}}

; [[Honor Fraternity|Honor]]<ref name="fraternitiesandsororities" />
*[[Phi Sigma Pi]]

{{Multicol-end}}

=== Clubs and organizations ===
With over 600 student clubs and organizations on campus, students can readily find friends who share their interests whether academic, multicultural, political, religious, service, social, or athletic. Campus activities throughout the year include cultural nights, arts performances, and live music at Anteater Plaza—special events such as Reggaefest, the Rainbow Festival, Wayzgoose, Shocktoberfest, and Earth Day are held yearly.<ref>{{cite web|title=Welcome to UCI|url=http://www.admissions.uci.edu/campus_life/welcome_to_uci.html|accessdate=July 11, 2011}}</ref>
The Psi chapter of [[Phrateres]], a non-exclusive, non-profit social-service club, was installed at UCI in 1967. Between 1924 and 1967, 23 chapters of Phrateres were installed in universities across North America.

=== Residential accommodations ===
[[File:Middleearth dorms, UCI.jpg|thumb|Residence Halls at the [[Middle-earth|Middle Earth]] undergraduate housing complex (for freshmen) are named after places and characters from [[J. R. R. Tolkien]]'s ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' book series.]]
{{main|Student housing at UC Irvine}}
UC Irvine has a number of residential options for students interested in living on campus. Part of UCI's long-range development plan involves expanding on-campus housing to accommodate 50% of all UCI students.<ref name="evc.uci.edu"/>

The on-campus housing communities for undergraduates are: Mesa Court, Middle Earth, Arroyo Vista, Campus Village, Vista del Campo, Vista del Campo Norte, Camino del Sol, and Puerta del Sol. Graduate students also have access to the on-campus housing communities: Palo Verde and Verano Place.

UCI's two freshman dormitory communities are Mesa Court and Middle Earth. Mesa Court was the first housing community at UCI, it features a volleyball court, two basketball courts, a community center, a recreational center, and the Mesa Academic Center (MAC). Middle Earth comprises 24 residence halls, two dining facilities (Brandywine and Pippin Commons), a student center, and several resource centers. The name of each building in Middle Earth is named after a character or a place from J.R.R. Tolkien's ''[[The Hobbit]]'' and "The Lord of the Rings". Middle Earth was built in three phases. The first phase was built in 1974 and it includes seven halls: Hobbiton, Isengard, Lorien, Mirkwood, Misty Mountain, Rivendell, and the Shire, along with a separate Head Resident's manufactured home called "Bag End". The second phase was built in 1989 with thirteen more halls: Balin, Harrowdale, Whispering Wood, Woodhall, Calmindon, Grey Havens, Aldor, Rohan, Gondolin, Snowbourn, Elrond, Shadowfax, and Quenya. The third phase was built in 2000 with four halls: Crickhollow, Evenstar, Oakenshield, and Valimar. Each hall houses about fifty to eighty students, although Quenya was built with sixty single suite rooms which mainly house graduate students.

There are 42 houses located in Arroyo Vista, of which 9 are sorority houses and 5 are fraternity houses. The sorority houses located in Arroyo Vista are Alpha Phi, Delta Delta Delta, Delta Gamma, Gamma Phi Beta, Pi Beta Phi, Alpha Chi Omega, Kappa Kappa Gamma, Sigma Kappa, and Kappa Alpha Theta. The fraternity houses located in Arroyo Vista are Sigma Phi Epsilon, Sigma Chi, Phi Gamma Delta, Kappa Sigma, and Sigma Alpha Epsilon. Arroyo Vista also features many themed houses based on academic or social interests. As of Fall 2012, Arroyo Vista started the "First Year Experience" and now houses first year students within six of its houses. Students living in Arroyo Vista live in complexes that may be called houses, but have dorm-like qualities.

Apartment style on-campus housing at UCI can be found at Vista del Campo, Vista del Campo Norte, Camino del Sol, and Puerta del Sol. VDC has single rooms available for undergraduates, while VDC Norte has both single rooms and double rooms available. Camino del Sol features single rooms, a community center, a fitness center, and a pool. In fall of 2012, Camino del Sol opened housing to incoming first-year students as an option instead of dorm living. Each housing community is served by ASUCI shuttles that regularly travel to the main campus.

UCI off-campus housing options vary, based on a student's preferred living arrangements and budget. However, a common denominator for off-campus apartment housing in [[Irvine, California|Irvine]], as well as nearby [[Newport Beach, California|Newport Beach]], [[Tustin, California|Tustin]], and [[Costa Mesa, California|Costa Mesa]] is the fact that most accommodations are maintained by [[The Irvine Company]].

== Athletics ==
[[File:Uci sign.jpg|right|thumb|A prominent UCI sign at Crawford Hall, part of the Crawford Athletic Complex.]]
[[File:UCIrvineAnteaters.png|right|thumb|UC Irvine Anteaters logo]]
{{main|UC Irvine Anteaters}}
UCI's sports teams are known as the [[Anteaters]] and the student body is known as Antourage. They participate in the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]]'s Division I, as members of the [[Big West Conference]] and the [[Mountain Pacific Sports Federation]]. Their traditional rival is [[California State University, Long Beach|Long Beach State]].

UCI fields nationally competitive teams in baseball, basketball, cross country, soccer, track and field, volleyball, and water polo. The university has won 28 national team championships in nine different sports since 1969 and has had 63 individual national champions. The most recent NCAA Division I national title was won by the men's volleyball team on May 4, 2013 against BYU (3–0) at Pauley Pavilion (UCLA) in Los Angeles. Men's volleyball at UCI has won a total of four national championships (2007, 2009, 2012, 2013). UCI has also won three Division I men's water polo titles (1970, 1982, 1989).

UCI baseball currently competes in NCAA's Division I. Previously, the baseball team had won two national championships at the Division II level. The 2007 baseball team impressed the nation, the Anteaters being one of the Final Four teams left in the College World Series, just six years after the baseball program had been formally reinstated after a ten-year absence. The week of April 20, 2009 was a historical milestone for the UCI athletics program, as both the school’s baseball and men's volleyball squads were simultaneously ranked No. 1 nationally in NCAA Division I polls. This marked the first time ever that UCI possessed two teams ranked No. 1 in the nation, as baseball garnered the ranking based on Baseball America and Collegiate Baseball polls, while men’s volleyball earned the top spot on the American Volleyball Coaches Association (AVCA) poll.

Other national championships won by UCI include three Division II men's swimming titles, and six Division II men's tennis titles.

More than 400 UCI student-athletes have earned All-America distinction, and Anteater teams have captured 66 conference championships in total. Since 1983, 3,266 UCI student-athletes have earned conference scholar-athlete awards.
<ref>{{cite web| url=http://uci.edu/athletics.php | title=History & Background | year=2011| work=uci.edu | accessdate=July 6, 2011}}</ref>

=== The anteater as mascot ===
[[File:Uci mascot.jpg|left|thumb|The UCI mascot is the [[anteater]]. This 430-pound statue is a gift of the class of 1987.]]The anteater was chosen in 1965 when students were allowed to submit mascot candidates, which would be voted on in a campus election. Three undergraduates named Pat Glasgow, Bob Ernst, and Schuyler Hadley Basset III were credited with choosing the anteater and designing a cartoon representation, having been disappointed with other candidates such as a roadrunner, unicorn, seahawk and golden bison.<ref>{{cite web | title=Peter, the Anteater: History of the Mascot (Zot) | year=2006 | publisher=University of California, Irvine | url=http://www.admissions.uci.edu/mascot.html }}</ref>

The original anteater design was not based not on the [[Johnny Hart]] comic strip, "[[B.C. (comic strip)|B.C.]]" but on a somewhat less wholesome symbol — the Playboy bunny.<ref>{{cite web|title=‘B.C.’ comic strip artist coming to Celebrate UCI|url=http://news.uci.edu/features/b-c-comic-strip-artist-coming-to-celebrate-uci/|work=UC Irvine News, 11 April 2011|publisher=University of California, Irvine|accessdate=30 April 2013}}</ref> In November 1965, the UCI students officially voted on the anteater, and many embraced their far-out mascot. In a special follow-up election, students opted for a mascot based on the B.C. anteater over the Playboy version. Since it was "original and slightly irrelevant," it became the mascot of UC Irvine after winning 56% of the vote, beating a close second with the choice of "none of the above". The anteaters are not to be confused with the aardvark, an African animal that also eats ants. The anteater has grown to become a beloved mascot, and is the inspiration for many of UCI's [[UC Irvine Anteaters|athletic]] and [[Student Activities and Traditions at UC Irvine|campus spirit]] traditions. School chants and cheers feature the word "zot" which was the noise Johnny Hart's "Peter the Anteater" made while eating ants.

A hand signal called "Rip'em 'Eaters" was created by Blake Sasaki and Dennis Wisco in 2001. When attacked, an anteater sits in a tripodal position with its hind feet and tail and tears and "rips" at its predator. The hand signal is done by touching the tips of the two middle fingers with the thumb, and sliding the thumb back, making the pinky and index finger the ears and the fingers in the middle the snout of the anteater.

In August 2007, a small stuffed Peter accompanied astronaut [[Tracy Caldwell]] on the [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'']] mission [[STS-118]].<ref>{{cite news | title=Beaumont Grad To Celebrate Birthday In Space | url=http://www.knbc.com/news/13847193/detail.html | publisher=KNBC (NBC4 Los Angeles) | date=August 8, 2007 }}</ref>

== Controversy ==
{{see also|UCI Medical Center}}

=== Aramark ===
UC Irvine is the last UC campus that [[subcontract]]s its food services. In summer of 2004, UCI signed a contract with [[Aramark]], a food services corporation, granting it control of nearly all residential dining facilities and restaurants on university property. This includes UCI's three dining halls (Brandywine, Pippin Commons, and Mesa Commons) and three on-campus restaurants (Phoenix Grille, B.C.'s Cavern on the Green, and Bistro by the Bridge). [[Student activities and traditions at UC Irvine|ASUCI]], which is partially responsible for negotiating UCI's food services contract, has justified the decision to offer Aramark its business with the argument that Aramark has pledged to invest millions of dollars into the university's food service infrastructure.<ref name="Ong Hing">{{cite journal |last=Ong Hing | first=Julianne | title=Aramark: The New Bully on Campus | journal=Jaded Magazine | issue=8 | date=Winter, 2006}}</ref>

=== Law school dean ===

In hiring an inaugural dean of the [[University of California, Irvine School of Law|UC Irvine School of Law]], which opened in 2009, the University approached Professor [[Erwin Chemerinsky]], a well known legal scholar in constitutional law and liberal commentator. After signing a contract with Chemerinsky on September 4, 2007, the hire was rescinded by UCI Chancellor Michael V. Drake because he felt the law professor's commentaries were "polarizing" and would not serve the interests of California's first new public law school in 40 years; Drake claimed the decision was his own and not the subject of any outside influence.<ref name=LAT091307a>Garrett Therolf and Henry Weinstein, [http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-uci13sep13,1,1474059,full.story UC Irvine aborts hiring Chemerinsky as law school dean ], ''Los Angeles Times'', September 13, 2007. {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref> The action was roundly criticized by liberal and conservative scholars who felt it hindered the academic mission of the law school, and disbelief over Chancellor Drake's claims that it was the subject of no outside influence.<ref name="LAT091307a" /><ref name=LAT901307b>Dana Parsons, [http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-parsons13sep13,1,1694812.column Excuse for UCI's fumble on law school dean not good enough], ''Los Angeles Times'', September 13, 2007. {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref>

The issue was the subject of a [[New York Times]] editorial on September 14, 2007.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/14/opinion/14fri3.html | work=The New York Times | title=A Bad Beginning in Irvine | date=September 14, 2007 | accessdate=May 27, 2010}}</ref> Details emerged revealing that UCI had received criticism on the hire from [[Supreme Court of California|California Chief Justice]] [[Ronald M. George]], who criticized Chemerinsky's grasp of death penalty appeals as well as a group of prominent Orange County Republicans and Los Angeles County Supervisor [[Michael D. Antonovich]], who wanted to derail the appointment.<ref name = LAT901707/> Drake traveled over a weekend to [[Durham, North Carolina]], and the two reached an agreement late Sunday evening.<ref name=LAT901707>Garrett Therolf, [http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-uci18sep18,0,3167475.story?coll=la-home-center Chemerinsky returns to UC Irvine post], ''Los Angeles Times'', September 17, 2007. {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref> On September 17, Chemerinsky issued a joint press release with UCI Chancellor [[Michael V. Drake]] indicating that Chemerinsky ''would'' head the UCI law school, stating "Our new law school will be founded on the bedrock principle of academic freedom. The chancellor reiterated his lifelong, unqualified commitment to academic freedom, which extends to every faculty member, including deans and other senior administrators."<ref name=PressRelease070917>[http://www.ocblog.net/ocblog/2007/09/statement-fro-1.html OC Blog: Statement From Chemerinsky & Drake] {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref>

=== UCI Extension ===
From 2002 to 2007, [[Capella University]], a for-profit, on-line institution, paid $500 per student to UCI Extension for each of the 36 students who transferred to Capella. This undisclosed financial arrangement resulted in a total payment of $12,000 to UCI.<ref name="payment">{{cite news |last=Nouh| first= Yasmin| title= UCI Irvine No Longer to Receive Capella Cash | url= http://www.newuniversity.org/checkDB.php?id=6135 | publisher= [[New University (newspaper)|New University]] | date= June 5, 2006 |accessdate=March 12, 2008}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> The payments, first reported in the ''[[Chronicle of Higher Education]]'', were inadvertently revealed when Jeffry La Marca, a former student of UCI Extension and Capella, filed a [[public records]] request for correspondence between UCI and Capella.

UCI continuing education dean Gary Matkin announced the school would end the arrangement by October 31, 2007 and plans to place $12,000 into a scholarship fund for needy students. UCI officials represented that the agreement was legal per Department of Education regulations, however, UCI had tried to hide the payments and the arrangement was frequently criticized as unethical because it raised the possibility that school counselors might make recommendations to students based on financial incentives rather than the student's best interests.<ref name=payment/>

===Allegations of antisemitism===
On November 30, 2007, the [[Office of Civil Rights]] of the [[United States Department of Education]] issued a report finding "insufficient evidence" in support of allegations that Jewish students at UCI were harassed and subjected to a hostile environment based on their national origin. The federal agency investigated a total of 13 alleged incidents of harassment that occurred between Fall 2000 and December 2006, and determined that 5 were "isolated acts" that could not be addressed because they were reported more than 180 days after they occurred. Further, the agency considered these acts, which included a rock thrown at a Jewish student, the destruction of a [[The Holocaust|Holocaust]] memorial display, and various threatening or harassing statements made to individual Jewish students, substantially different in nature as to be unrelated to the 8 other recurring acts it investigated, which included graffiti depicting [[swastika]]s on campus, events during an annual Zionist Awareness Week (in which several Jewish students had, however, partook), exclusion of Jewish students during an anti-hate rally, and the wearing of graduation stoles signifying support for [[Hamas]]{{citation needed|date=June 2013}} or [[Palestinian people|Palestinian]] human rights. The agency ultimately found that none of the incidents leading to the allegations qualified as "sufficiently severe, pervasive or persistent as to interfere with or limit the ability of an individual to participate in from the services, activities or privileges" provided by UCI, and that university officials had acted appropriately in response to each incident. In December 2007, UCI Administration has been cleared of anti-semitism complaints by the US Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights.<ref name="OCR">{{cite web | title=OCR Report | url=http://www.ocregister.com/newsimages/news/2007/12/OCR_Report_120507-Z05145157-0001.pdf | date=November 30, 2007 |accessdate=December 20, 2007|format=PDF}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | last=Fisher | first=Marla Jo | title=Civil rights investigation clears UCI of anti-Semitism charges | url=http://www.ocregister.com/news/students-jewish-campus-1939795-officials-report | publisher=[[Orange County Register]] | date=December 11, 2007 | accessdate=December 20, 2007}}</ref>

Following a speech by Chancellor [[Michael V. Drake|Michael Drake]] at the national Hillel meeting in Washington, D.C. in March 2008, [[Anteaters for Israel]], along with three other Jewish organizations, issued a press release defending Drake and claiming that anti-Semitic activity was "exaggerated."<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.ocregister.com/articles/jewish-uci-student-2007512-students-israel
|title=News: Jewish students say UC Irvine is safe
|publisher=[[Orange County Register]]
|date=March 28, 2008
|accessdate=April 4, 2008
|last=Fisher
|first=Marla Jo
}}
</ref> Since then, 20 current and former students issued a statement expressing concern over ongoing issues and Drake's handling of them.

In May 2009, UC Irvine hosted a two-week event titled "Israel: The Politics of Genocide", hosted by the school's Muslim Student Union. Scheduled speakers included [[Cynthia McKinney]] and [[George Galloway]]. Opponents of the event described it as "anti-Semitic" (despite its considerable support from Jewish students and stated criticism solely of Israeli policy) and have called for Chancellor Drake to condemn both the event and the sponsoring organization. He has declined to do so.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://jta.org/news/article/2009/05/12/1005098/petitiion-calls-on-irvine-chancellor-to-denounce-muslim-group|title=Denounce Muslim group, UC Irvine chancellor urged|publisher=[[Jewish Telegraphic Agency]]|date=May 12, 2009|accessdate=May 12, 2009}}</ref> One outdoor demonstration at this event included a display with an image of Jewish Holocaust victim [[Anne Frank]] wearing a [[keffiyah]], in an apparent attempt to draw an analogy between her sufferings and the plight of the [[Palestinian people|Palestinians]] in the [[Palestinian territories]]. The pro-Israel campus advocacy group [[StandWithUs]] has described this image as offensive.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://standwithus.org/app/iNews/view_n.asp?ID=1033|title=Creating Hate at UC Irvine|publisher=[[StandWithUs]]|date=May 13, 2009|accessdate=May 15, 2009}}</ref>

In October 2009, students from UCI met with [[Hamas]] official [[Aziz Duwaik]] on a university-sponsored trip to the West Bank under a program called the Olive Tree Initiative (OTI), a neutral, apolitical education group that studies the Arab-Israeli conflict. The meeting was questioned by parties in 2011, and the initial response from UCI was that the meeting was justified, as the education group was studying the different narratives that contribute to the current situation in the middle east.<ref>Overly, Jeff. [http://articles.ocregister.com/2011-03-31/news/29372049_1_uci-administration-hamas-leader-jewish-community "Group: UC Irvine students met with Hamas leader."] ''The Orange County Register''. March 31, 2011. April 6, 2011.</ref> After the [[Zionist Organization of America]] informed UCI about Hamas' nature and urged UCI to dissociate itself from the OTI, UCI referred to the meeting as a "misstep."<ref>Agrela, Ramona H. [http://octaskforce.files.wordpress.com/2011/04/letter-from-ucis-ramona-argrela-re-oti-4-5-11.pdf Letter to Morton A. Klein and Susan B. Tuchman, Esq.] April 5, 2011. Orange County Independent Task Force on Anti-Semitism.</ref> Many of these accusations were contradicted by many organizations and members of the group who are of pro-Israel and Jewish descent.<ref>Larry Kugelman, Professor David Snow, [http://letters.ocregister.com/2011/04/09/uci-olive-tree-initiative-seeks-mideast-peace/ UCI Olive Tree Initiative seeks Mideast Peace – Letters to the Editor : The Orange County Register] April 9, 2011.</ref>

In May, 2010, forty members of the faculty issued an open letter expressing concern about "hate-promoting actions" including "a statement (by a speaker repeatedly invited by the Muslim Student Union) that the Zionist Jew is a party of Satan, a statement by another MSU speaker that the Holocaust was God’s will" that have given UCI "a growing reputation as a center of hate and intolerance.".<ref>{{cite web|title=Op-ed: UC Irvine Faculty Call for Civility During Wall Week|url=http://www.newuniversity.org/2010/05/opinion/op-ed-uc-irvine-faculty-call-for-civility-during-wall-week/|publisher=[[New University (newspaper)|New University]]|date=May 12, 2010}}</ref> Neither of the speakers had been named nor any students shown to have had any affiliation with such remarks.

=== Arrests at Michael Oren lecture ===

UC Irvine attracted controversy in February 2010 when students disrupted a lecture by Israeli Ambassador [[Michael Oren]].<ref name="Suspends">{{cite web|last=Bharath|first=Deepa|title=Muslim Student Union members shocked by suspension|url=http://www.ocregister.com/news/university-253265-union-student.html|work=[[Orange County Register]]|accessdate=June 15, 2010|coauthors=Pak, Ellyn}}</ref> While the MSU had issued a statement condemning the university for inviting a man who “took part in a culture that has no qualms with terrorizing the innocent, killing civilians, demolishing their homes and illegally occupying their land,” they denied responsibility for the protests and said the students acted on their own.<ref name="latimes">{{cite news |url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/lanow/2010/02/11-students-arrested-for-disrupting-israeli-ambassadors-speech-at-uc-irvine-.html |title=11 students arrested after disrupting Israeli ambassador's speech at UC Irvine |author=Raja Abdulrahim |date=February 9, 2010 |work=Los Angeles Times |accessdate=February 12, 2010}}</ref> According to [[Kenneth Stern]], director of the [[American Jewish Committee]]'s Division on Antisemitism and Extremism "The UCI campus has had a long history of anti-Israel and anti-Semitic incidents, usually tied to its Muslim Student Union."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.insidehighered.com/views/2010/02/15/stern|title=Don't Avoid Conflicts; Mine Them|author=Kenneth Stern|publisher=[[Inside Higher Ed]]|date=February 15, 2010}}</ref>

[[Heckler]]s interrupted Oren's speech 10 times with many students cheering them in support. Among other slogans, the hecklers yelled, "Michael Oren, propagating murder is not an expression of [[free speech]],"<ref name="latimes"/> "killers" and "how many Palestinians did you kill?"<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1148561.html |title=Muslim students scream 'killer' during Israel envoy speech in L.A |author=Natasha Mozgovaya |date=February 9, 2010 |publisher=Ha'aretz |accessdate=February 12, 2010}} {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref> After the fourth disruption, Oren took a 20-minute leave before returning to the podium. Before continuing he said, "I’ve spent most of my life living in and studying the Middle East and one of the great and eternal cultural facets of the Middle East is hospitality...even if you do not agree with them, even if they’re ostensibly your enemy. I’m your guest here and I’m asking for the Middle Eastern hospitality for your guest, I’ve come into your house." By the end of the program, 11 UC Irvine and [[UC Riverside|Riverside]] students were reportedly arrested.<ref name="latimes"/>

According to [[New University (newspaper)|New University]] newspaper, 11 students were charged with section 403 of the UCIPD penal code – disrupting a public event on the University’s property, for their actions. Nine were enrolled at UCI and three were from UCR.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.newuniversity.org/2010/02/news/israel-interrupted-in-irvine/|title=Israel: Interrupted in Irvine|author=David Lumb|publisher=[[New University (newspaper)|New University]]|date=February 15, 2010}}</ref>

During the event, UCI Chancellor [[Michael V. Drake|Michael Drake]] and political science department chair Mark Petracca "chided the protesting crowd and called the disruptions embarrassing." At one point, Chairman Petracca yelled "Shame on you" to the heckling crowd.<ref name="latimes"/> In a statement issued the next day, UCI Chancellor Drake called the students' behavior "intolerable," saying that "Freedom of speech is among the most fundamental, and among the most cherished of the bedrock values our nation is built upon."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chancellor.uci.edu/100209_disruption.php |title=Campus Disruption |author=Michael Drake |date=February 9, 2010 |publisher=Office of the Chancellor |accessdate=February 12, 2010}} {{dead link|date=October 2011}}</ref> UCI Law School Dean [[Erwin Chemerinsky]] also condemned the disruptions. He stated, "Imagine if they had brought their own speaker and that person had been shouted down. There would be no free speech. There is no right to a ‘[[Heckler's veto|heckler’s veto]].’"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://collegelife.freedomblogging.com/2010/02/10/dean-uci-protesters-stopped-free-speech/16121/|title=Dean: UCI protesters violated free speech|author=Gary Robbins|publisher=[[Orange County Register]]|date=February 10, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/commentary/la-oe-chemerinsky18-2010feb18,0,2972313.story|title=UC Irvine's free speech debate|author=Erwin Chemerinsky|work=Los Angeles Times|date=February 18, 2010}}</ref>

In response, the university suspended the group for the 2010–2011 school year and the group will undergo a probationary period for the following year. In addition, the members will be responsible for completing a collective 50 community service hours before the group can be reinstated. The [[Muslim Student Union]] has appealed the suspension.<ref name="Suspends" /> The punishment was later modified to one academic quarter, one hundred hours of community service, and two years probation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-0904-uci-muslims-20100904,0,656430.story|title=UC Irvine upholds suspension of Muslim group, bans it for one quarter|author=Raja Abdulrahim|work=Los Angeles Times|date=September 4, 2010|accessdate=September 4, 2010}}</ref>

The [[Zionist Organization of America]], describing UCI as "a campus that permitted bigotry", has called for college-bound students and financial donors to avoid UCI.<ref>{{cite news|title=UC Irvine recommends suspension of campus' Muslim student group|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2010/jun/15/local/la-me-0615-uci-muslim-20100615/3|work=Los Angeles Times|date=June 15, 2010}}</ref>

== Notable alumni ==
{{main|List of University of California, Irvine people}}
As of 2011, UCI has more than 124,000 alumni.<ref>{{cite web | title=General Catalogue: Alumni Relations | year=2011| publisher=University of California | url=http://www.editor.uci.edu/catalogue/11-12Catalogue.pdf }}</ref> As with any major university, many UC Irvine alumni have achieved fame after graduating. These people include athletes ([[Steve Scott (athlete)|Steve Scott]], [[Scott Brooks]], [[Greg Louganis]] and 34 Olympians), Broadway, film, and television actors ([[Bob Gunton]], [[Jon Lovitz]], [[Brian Thompson]]), and technological innovators ([[Roy Fielding]], [[Paul Mockapetris]], and [[Patrick J. Hanratty]]<ref name=UC>{{cite news|title=Patrick Hanratty spotlight|url=http://www.ics.uci.edu/community/news/spotlight/spotlight_hanratty.php|date=October 18, 2012|publisher=The Regents of the University of California|accessdate=March 17, 2013}}</ref>).

The UC Irvine writing program has produced a number of authors, such as [[Michael Chabon]], [[James L. McMichael|James McMichael]], [[Ron Carlson]], [[Robert Peters]], [[Alice Sebold]], [[Aimee Bender]], [[Richard Ford]], [[Yusef Komunyakaa]], [[Marti Leimbach]], [[Whitney Otto]] and [[T. Jefferson Parker]]. The renown of these writers has contributed to the national reputation of the school's creative writing program. More recent alumni include [[Glen David Gold]], [[Maile Meloy]], [[Alex Espinoza]] and [[Joshua Ferris]].

Several members of the faculty have been honored with the [[Nobel Prize|Nobel]] and [[Pulitzer Prize|Pulitzer]]. In 1995, two UCI Professors earned the Nobel Prize:<ref>{{cite web| author=UC Irvine| date=January 4, 2005| url=http://www.ps.uci.edu/physics/news/nobel.html| title=Frederick Reines is Awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize in Physics| accessdate=March 14, 2007}}</ref> [[Dr. Frank Sherwood Rowland]] won in chemistry and [[Dr. Frederick Reines]] won in physics. In 2004, [[Dr. Irwin Rose]] earned UCI its third Nobel, this time in chemistry. [[Michael Ramirez]] is a two-time [[Pulitzer Prize]]-winning American editorial cartoonist and a Senior Editor for [[Investor's Business Daily]].

Claude Yarbrough (aka [[Jonathan Pendragon]]), class of '76, is one of the most influential magicians of the 20th and 21st centuries.<ref>Moehring, John (August 1999), “The Century: The Pendragons”, Magic Magazine Vol.8</ref>

[[Gregory Coleman]], Masters in Fine Arts, 2005 was an accomplished classical guitarist, recording artist, composer, arranger and educator.

Ralph Cicerone, an earth system science professor and former chancellor, is currently president of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]].<ref>[http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/story/8742363/the_hardballer/ The Hardballer]</ref>

Faculty members who have taught literary criticism and critical theory at UCI have included [[Jacques Derrida]], [[Murray Krieger]] and [[Wolfgang Iser]], and visiting professors in these fields have included [[Judith Butler]], [[Slavoj Žižek]], [[Giorgio Agamben]], [[Barbara Johnson]], [[Fredric Jameson]], [[Elizabeth Grosz]], and [[Étienne Balibar]].

Movie directors who attended UCI include [[Joseph McGinty Nichol|McG]], and Robert Beaucage, director of ''[[Spike (2008 film)|Spike]]''.

Danny Pang, a financier, who was featured on the CNBC television show American Greed.

==See also==
{{Portal|Los Angeles|University}}
* [[Anteater Recreation Center]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

== External links ==
{{commons category|University of California, Irvine}}
* [http://www.uci.edu/ Official website]
* [http://www.ucirvinesports.com/ Official athletics website]
* [http://unex.uci.edu/ UC Irvine Extension website]
* [http://ocw.uci.edu/ UC Irvine OpenCourseWare website]
* [http://summer.uci.edu/ UC Irvine Summer Session website]
* [http://ucispace.lib.uci.edu/handle/10575/5882 UCIspace @ the Libraries digital collection: Online Archive of UCI History]
* [http://ucispace.lib.uci.edu/handle/10575/2092 UCIspace @ the Libraries digital collection: Frank Cancian photographs for Main Street UCI]

{{University of California, Irvine}}
{{UCIrvine Chancellors}}
{{Big West Conference navbox}}
{{Association of American Universities}}
{{Universities Research Association}}
{{APRU}}
{{Colleges and universities in Orange County}}
{{University of California}}
{{Public Ivy}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:California, Irvine, University of}}
[[Category:University of California, Irvine| ]]
[[Category:Schools accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1965]]
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[[Category:William Pereira buildings]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in Orange County, California]]
[[Category:1965 establishments in California]]

University of California, Davis

2013-10-28T16:46:43Z

Casecrer: replacing copyright protected image by public domain image

{{Infobox university
| name = University of California, Davis
| motto = ''[[Fiat lux]]'' ([[Latin]])
| mottoeng = [[Let there be light]]
| image_name = The University of California Davis.svg
| image_size = 200px
| established = 1905 (1959 as a general UC campus)
| type = [[Public University|Public]], [[Land Grant Colleges|Land-grant]], [[Space grant colleges|Space-grant]]
| calendar = Quarter
| endowment = $713.2 million <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/_files/report/UC_Annual_Endowment_Report_FY2011-2012.pdf |title=UC Annual Endowment Report, Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012; p.4 |accessdate=2013-01-07 |publisher=Office of the Treasurer of the Regents of the University of California|format=PDF}}</ref>
| chancellor = {{nowrap|[[Linda P.B. Katehi]]}}
| provost = {{nowrap|[[Ralph Hexter]]}}
| faculty = 2,236 (2011-12)<ref name=Headcount>{{cite web|url=http://budget.ucdavis.edu/data-reports/documents/campus-profiles/ptotlpop_ycurr.pdf |title=UC Davis Total On- and Off-Campus Headcount Population: Faculty & Staff Population |date=June 6, 2013 |publisher=UC Davis Institutional Analysis}}</ref>
| staff = 20,812 (2011-12)<ref name=Headcount/>
| students = 31,862 (2012 Fall)<ref name=Profile2012>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucdavis.edu/about/facts/uc_davis_profile.pdf |title=UC Davis Campus Profile |publisher=University of California, Davis |accessdate=2013-04-23}}</ref>
| undergrad = 25,446 (2012 Fall)<ref name=Profile2012/>
| postgrad = 6,416 (2012 Fall)<ref name=Profile2012/>
| city = [[Davis, California]]
| country = United States
| coor = {{Coord|38|32|24|N|121|45|0|W|region:US-CA_type:edu|display= inline,title}}
| campus = [[suburban area|Suburban]], {{convert|7309|acres|ha}} <ref name="Campus Facts"/>
| former_names = University Farm (1905–1922) Northern Branch of the College of Agriculture (1922–1959)
| colors = Aggie [[Azure (heraldry)|Blue]] and [[Or (heraldry)|Gold]] {{Color box|#002666}}{{Color box|#BF9900}}
| mascot = [[Gunrock]] the Mustang
| athletics = [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] [[Division I (NCAA)|Division I]] 23 Varsity Sports<ref>{{cite web|url=http://admissions.ucdavis.edu/about/student_life/athletics.cfm |title= Intercollegiate Athletics |publisher=UC Davis Undergraduate Admissions |accessdate=2012-12-02}}</ref>
| nickname = Aggies
| affiliations = [[University of California]] [[American Association of Universities|AAU]] [[Big West Conference]] [[Big Sky Conference]] [[Mountain Pacific Sports Federation|MPSF]]
| free_label = Newspaper
| free = [[The California Aggie]]
| website = [http://www.ucdavis.edu www.ucdavis.edu]
| logo = [[Image:Ucdavis logo 5 blue.png|200px]]
}}

The '''University of California, Davis''' (also referred to as '''UCD''', '''UC Davis''', or '''Davis''') is a [[public university|public]] teaching and [[research university]] located in [[Davis, California|Davis]], [[California]] just west of [[Sacramento]]. The campus covers {{convert|7,309|acre|ha}}, making it the largest within the 10 campus [[University of California]] system and the second largest in California (behind [[California Polytechnic State University]]). UC Davis also has the third largest enrollment in the UC System after [[UCLA]] and [[UC Berkeley]].<ref name="Campus Facts">{{cite web|url=http://finreports.universityofcalifornia.edu/index.php?file=10-11/pdf/fullreport_1011.pdf |format=PDF |title=UC Financial Reports – Campus Facts in Brief |year=2010-11 |publisher=University of California |accessdate=November 17, 2012}}</ref>

Howard and Matthew Greene named UC Davis a [[Public Ivy]] in 2001, with highly-ranked programs in agricultural and resources economics, biological sciences and international agricultural development. The programs in engineering, the social sciences, physical sciences, mathematics, and humanities and the arts are also prestigious. In 2013, ''[[U.S. News and World Report]]'' ranked UC Davis as the 9th best public university in the United States, 39th nationally, and tied for 3rd best of the UC schools with [[UC San Diego]], following [[UC Berkeley]] and [[UCLA]].<ref name="USNews">{{cite web |title=UC Davis Graduate School Rankings |url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/university-of-california-davis-110644/overall-rankings |accessdate=2013-09-10 |work=U.S. News & World Report}}</ref> UC Davis is also one of 62 members in the [[Association of American Universities]].

The [[The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching|Carnegie Foundation]] classifies UC Davis as a comprehensive [[doctoral]] [[research university]] with a medical program, and very high research activity.<ref>{{cite web| title=University of California, Davis | work=Classifications | publisher=The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching | year=2010 | url=http://classifications.carnegiefoundation.org/lookup_listings/view_institution.php?unit_id=110644 | accessdate=2011-08-27}}</ref> UC Davis faculty includes 21 members of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]], 21 members of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]], 17 members of the [[American Law Institute]], 12 members of the [[Institute of Medicine]], and 13 members of the [[National Academy of Engineering]].<ref name="FacultyAwards">{{cite web | title = Academic Affairs: Faculty Recipients of Premier Awards & Honors |url = http://academicpersonnel.ucdavis.edu/MajorAwards/default.cfm |year = 2011 |accessdate=February 26, 2013|publisher=University of California, Davis}}</ref> Among other honors, university faculty, alumni, and researchers have won the [[Nobel Peace Prize]], [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]], [[Pulitzer Prize]], [[MacArthur Fellowship]], [[National Medal of Science]], and [[PECASE|Presidential Early Career Award in Science and Engineering]].<ref name="FacultyAwards" /><ref>{{cite web | title = A Piece of the Nobel for UC Davis | url = http://www.news.ucdavis.edu/search/news_detail.lasso?id=8417 | year = 2007 | publisher=University of California, Davis}}</ref>

While UC Davis' agricultural heritage remains strong, the campus has expanded over the past century to include graduate and professional programs in [[UC Davis School of Medicine|medicine]] (which includes the [[UC Davis Medical Center]]), [[UC Davis School of Law|law]], [[UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine|veterinary medicine]], [[UC Davis School of Education|education]], [[Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing|nursing]], and [[UC Davis Graduate School of Management|business management]], in addition to 90 research programs offered by [[UC Davis Graduate Studies]]. UC Davis' School of Veterinary Medicine is the largest in the United States and is ranked second in the nation.<ref>{{cite web | title = US News Graduate School Rankings for Veterinary Medicine | url = http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-health-schools/veterinarian-rankings | year = 2011 | publisher=US News & World Report}}</ref>

The [[UC Davis Aggies]] athletic teams compete in the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] [[Division I (NCAA)|Division I]] level, primarily in the [[Big West Conference]] as well as the [[Big Sky Conference]] (Football only) and the [[Mountain Pacific Sports Federation]]. In its first year of full Division I status, 11 UC Davis teams qualified for NCAA post-season competition.

==History==
[[Image:Creamery and Horticulture buildings, UC Davis (postcard).jpg|thumb|left|Early creamery and horticulture buildings, University Farm]] [[Image:ucdilo.jpeg|thumb|left|The Silo Union, one of the original buildings]]
In 1905, Governor [[George Pardee]] signed into law an act to establish a university farm school for the University of California (at the time, [[University of California, Berkeley|Berkeley]] was the sole campus of the university). It would be more than a year before that commission selected a tiny town, then known as Davisville, as the site. What was to become the third UC campus opened its doors to 40 degree students (all male) from UC Berkeley in January 1909 as the "University Farm". (The farm had begun accepting non-degree farmers' short courses in October 1908; there were initially around 115 such attendees.) The establishment of the Farm was largely the result of the vision and perseverance of [[Peter J. Shields]], secretary of the State Agricultural Society, and the Peter J. Shields Library at UC Davis was named in his honor. Shields began to champion the cause of a University Farm to teach [[agriculture]] in a more applied fashion after hearing about California students who chose to go to out-of-state universities due to the lack of such programs in the University of California at that time. He later stated:
<blockquote>
There was a College of Agriculture at Berkeley in connection with the University of California, but it was purely academic. It was largely confined to the study of [[botany]] and chemistry; it had no farm and little prestige; it was apt to be thought of as a snap curriculum, attracting students who wanted to go to college but wanted to avoid its more difficult work.
</blockquote>

After two failed bills, a law authorizing the creation of a University Farm was passed on March 18, 1905, and [[Yolo County, California|Yolo County]], home to some of California's prime farmland, was chosen as the site. The Farm accepted its first female students in 1914 from Berkeley. Renamed in 1922 the ''Northern Branch of the College of Agriculture'', it continued growing at a breakneck pace: in 1916 the Farm's 314 students occupied the original {{convert|778|acre|ha}} campus, but by 1951 it had already expanded to a size of {{convert|3000|acre|ha}}. In 1959, the campus was declared by the [[Regents of the University of California]] as the seventh general campus in the [[University of California]] system.

===2011 pepper spray incident===
{{main|UC Davis pepper-spray incident}}
During a November 18, 2011 [[Occupy UC Davis|protest]] against tuition hikes, campus police Lieutenant John Pike used pepper spray on seated students. The incident drew international attention and led to further demonstrations, a formal investigation, and Pike's departure in July 2012.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2011/nov/20/local/la-me-occupy-uc-davis-20111120 |title=UC Davis chief launches probe into pepper-spraying of Occupy protesters |date=November 20, 2011 |last1=Pringle |first1=Paul |last2=Quinones |first2=Sam |newspaper=Los Angeles Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-uc-davis-pepper-spray-20111121%2C0%2C6653674.story |title=UC president vows to review police procedures at campuses |last1=Gordon |first1=Larry |last2=Sewell |first2=Abby |date=November 20, 2011 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://edition.cnn.com/2012/08/01/us/california-pepper-spray/index.html | work=CNN | title=Pepper-spraying policeman departs U.C.-Davis | date=2012-08-01}}</ref>

==Campus==
[[Image:MrakHall Arboretum.jpg|thumb|A view of Mrak Hall from the [[University of California, Davis Arboretum|arboretum]]]] [[Image:UC Davis Mondavi Center.jpg|thumb|[[Mondavi Center]]]]

===Size and location===
The University of California, Davis campus is the largest campus in the UC system by land area, spanning {{convert|7309|acre|ha|1}} across two counties: [[Yolo County|Yolo]] and [[Solano County|Solano]]. Though named after the City of Davis, the campus is technically located adjacent to the City of Davis in an unincorporated part of Yolo and Solano counties. The main campus is located {{convert|15|mi|km|1}} west of [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]] in the [[Sacramento Valley]], part of California's [[Central Valley (California)|Central Valley]], and is adjacent to [[Interstate 80|Interstate Highway 80]]. The Davis campus is the only school within the UC system with an [[University Airport|airport]], just west of main campus, and is one of two UC schools with its own [[University of California, Davis Fire Department|fire department]]; the other being [[University of California, Santa Cruz|UC Santa Cruz]]. The campus is also conveniently located approximately an hour away from both San Francisco and the Napa Valley and two hours from Lake Tahoe. It is also one of only three schools in the University of California system, the others being [[UC Berkeley]] and [[UC Irvine]], with a [[Nuclear physics|nuclear]] lab.

The city of [[Davis, CA|Davis]] is a [[college town]], with the ratio of students to long term residents estimated at 1:4. Also contributing to the college-town environment is the close proximity of downtown Davis to the campus' main quad—a matter of a few blocks, and 5-10 minute walk or bike ride. Davis' 15 minute distance from Sacramento provides it with both the isolation critical to fostering a college-town environment while also providing a lively and large metropolitan area nearby. Though the campus itself is vast, the entire community of Davis is relatively small and is easily traversable on bike utilizing Davis' extensive bicycle trails.

===Campus Core/Quad===
Towards the northeast end of campus is the Quad, a large rectangular field, which was the historic geographic center of campus. Earlier in the campus' history, the few campus buildings surrounded the four sides of the Quad. Today, though the campus has grown significantly and the geographic center of campus has shifted, the Quad remains the center of campus life, anchored to the north by the Memorial Union (student union), to the south by Shields Library and to the West and Southeast by Wellman and Olson Halls respectively.

The Memorial Union Complex houses Freeborn Hall and the Memorial Union, which houses various establishments such as the UC Davis Bookstore, ASUCD Coffee House (Coho), ASUCD student government offices, Post Office, the MU Games Area (video games and bowling alley), KDVS student radio station, study lounges, Campus Copies, Picnic Day Office, the Center for Student Involvement Office, and AggieTV Student Television.

The northeast side of campus holds more of the core buildings that were built earlier in UC Davis's history, such as Wellman Hall, Shields Library, [[Emil M. Mrak|Mrak Hall]], and Hutchison Hall, as well as the North Entry Parking Structure. Also notable in this northeastern corner is the labyrinthine Social Sciences and Humanities building designed by [[Antoine Predock]], known to students as the "[[Death Star]]" for its angular, metallic design.

===South Main Campus and South Campus===
The majority of Equestrian Center, and Animal Sciences buildings are located near the Arboretum Waterway, away from the core campus; the West Entry Parking Complex, the Silo Union, and the newly constructed Science Lecture Hall and the Science Laboratory Building are located nearer to the Tercero residence halls and the core of campus. The [[Mondavi Center]], home of the University Symphony Orchestra and other cultural events, is also located near the Tercero complex.

===West Campus===
For most of UC Davis' history, West Campus has served primarily as agricultural research land. Recently, portions were developed through a $300 million public-private partnership to form the largest zero net energy community in the United States, known as UC Davis West Village.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://westvillage.ucdavis.edu/press-kit/backgrounder |title=Backgrounder — UC Davis West Village |publisher=Westvillage.ucdavis.edu |date=|accessdate=2012-03-28}}</ref> West Village will provide housing for 3,000 students, faculty and staff and will help the university recruit and retain top faculty. The project will include 662 apartments, 343 single-family homes, 42,500 square feet of commercial space, a recreation center and study facilities. West Village will also host the first community college on a UC campus.

The classes held in this area mainly involve plant sciences. Students in the classes maintain gardens as part of the PLS 5 lab.

===Arboretum===
To the south side of the campus core is the 100 acre [[University of California, Davis Arboretum|UC Davis Arboretum]], which includes 3.5 miles of paved paths, 4,000 tree specimens, Putah Creek and Lake Spafford.

===Artwork===
There are five public art statues found around campus, collectively called The Egghead Series, sculpted by former art professor [[Robert Arneson]] who taught at Davis from 1962-1991 before his death in 1992. Additional pieces of Arneson's work are part of the Fine Arts Collection maintained by the Richard L. Nelson Gallery located in the Art Building.

''Bookhead'' is located at the Shields Library plaza, ''Yin & Yang'' is located at the Fine Arts Complex, ''See No Evil/Hear No Evil'' is at the east lawn of King Hall (the main building for UC Davis' School of Law), ''Eye on Mrak (FatalLaff)'' is outside Mrak Hall (housing the registrar office and other administrative offices), and ''Stargazer'' is located between North Hall and Young Hall. The ''Yin & Yang'' egg heads have been recast and duplicated for installation near the Port of San Francisco Ferry Building in San Francisco.<ref>{{cite web | title=They're egg-cellent! | url=http://www.californiaaggie.com/media/storage/paper981/news/2004/10/15/FrontPage/Theyre.EggCellent-1318392.shtml?norewrite200606260301&sourcedomain=www.californiaaggie.com | publisher = The California Aggie | accessdate=July 14, 2007}}</ref>

===Student housing===
The northwest end of campus holds the majority of the Segundo undergraduate housing complex and various alternative non-undergraduate housing such as Orchard Park, Russell Park, and The Colleges at LaRue Apartments. The Activities and Recreation Center, or the ARC, is also located near the Segundo complex. Adjacent to the northwest corner of campus is the Cuarto undergraduate housing complex, which has one dining common.

The Tercero undergraduate housing complex is located near the true geographic center of the UC Davis campus, to the north of the Arboretum Waterway, which stretches longitudinally through almost the entirety of the south end of campus. The [[University of California, Davis, Arboretum|Davis Arboretum]] is a public [[botanic garden]] with over 4,000 kinds of trees and plants, including many [[California native plants]], that stretches for over {{convert|100|acre|ha}} along The Waterway.

The Cuarto undergraduate (freshmen and transfer students) housing complex is located just one block off-campus, across Russell Boulevard. Unlike the other undergraduate housing complexes, Cuarto is located within city limits qualifying its residents to vote in city elections (other on-campus students can only vote in county elections).

==Student demographics==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="float:center;"
!Ethnic enrollment, 2009<ref name="Student Headcount by Ethnicity, Fall 2009">{{cite web | url = http://facts.ucdavis.edu/student_headcount_ethnicity.lasso | title = Student Headcount by Ethnicity, Fall 2009| publisher = UC Davis News Service | accessdate = 2010-08-08}}</ref>
!Under- graduates 
!Graduates 
!Professional 
!Total 
|-
|[[African American]]
| 723 (3%)
| 76 (2%)
| 72 (2%)
| 871 (2.7%)
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]]
| 171 (1%)
| 33 (1%)
| 16 (0%)
| 220 (0.7%)
|-
|[[Asian American]] and Pacific Islander
| 9,743 (40%)
| 498 (12%)
| 858 (26%)
| 11,099 (34.5%)
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic and Latino American]]
| 3,337 (14%)
| 231 (5%)
| 234 (7%)
| 3,802 (11.8%)
|-
|[[White American|White]]
| 8,693 (35%)
| 1,972 (47%)
| 1,514 (46%)
| 12,179 (37.9%)
|-
|International, Other
| 1,988 (8%)
| 1,405 (34%)
| 589 (18%)
| 3982 (12.4%)
|-
|Total
| 24,655 (76.7%)
| 4,215 (13.1%)
| 3,283 (10.2%)
| 32,153 (100%)
|}

In 2010, the [[United States Census Bureau]] made UC Davis its own separate [[census-designated place]] for statistical purposes.<ref>{{gnis|2628819}}</ref> Most of the campus lies outside the Davis city limit. However, mail to the campus is still addressed, "Davis, CA".

==Organization and administration==


The entire [[University of California]] system is governed by The Regents, a 26-member board, as established under Article IX, Section 9 of the [[California Constitution]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/regents/ | title = The Regents | publisher = [[University of California]] Site | accessdate=February 3, 2011}}</ref> The board appoints the university's principal officers including the system-wide president and UC Davis Chancellor.

The UC Davis Chancellor is the Chief Executive Officer of an institution with a $3 billion annual budget, a $678 million research enterprise, {{convert|5,300|acre|ha|adj=on}} central campus, 32,000 students and 28,000 employees. The current and sixth chancellor is [[Linda Katehi]]. The Chancellor has overall responsibility for the leadership, management, and administration of the campus and reports "as an equal" to the President of the University of California system, a position currently held by Mark Yudof.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://theaggie.org/article/2011/01/19/ask-katehi | title = UC Ask Katehi | publisher = UC Davis Site | accessdate=February 3, 2011}}</ref>

The Offices of the Chancellor and Provost is headed by the Executive Vice-Chancellor and Provost (EVCP). In their capacity as Executive Vice-Chancellor, the EVCP shares with the Chancellor in the overall leadership and management of campus administration and operations, whereas as Provost, the EVCP is UC Davis' chief academic officer.

The Senior Staff provides executive support to the Offices of the Chancellor and Provost. The Council of Deans and Vice-Chancellor consists of the heads of the university's major academic and administrative units.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.ucdavis.edu/administration/ | title = UC Davis Administration | publisher = UC Davis Site | accessdate=February 3, 2011}}</ref>

Students are most likely to interact with or be directly affected by the Office of Student Affairs, which is run by the Vice Chancellor of Student Affairs, currently Fred Wood, and by a variety of associate and assistant vice-chancellors. This office oversees many campus units including: Admissions, Athletics, Campus Recreation, Campus Unions, Counseling and Psychological Services, Financial Aid, Student Housing and others.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://studentaffairs.ucdavis.edu/departments.cfm | title = UC Davis Student Affairs | publisher = UC Davis Site | accessdate=February 3, 2011}}</ref>

==Academics==
The university has 99 undergraduate majors and 90 graduate programs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ucdavis.edu/about/facts/index.html |title=UC Davis News & Information :: UC Davis Facts: General statistics |publisher=Facts.ucdavis.edu |date=2013-05-28 |accessdate=2013-07-28}}</ref> It has a [[UC Davis Department of Viticulture and Enology|Department of Viticulture and Enology]] (concerning the scientific study of grape-growing and winemaking) that has been and continues to be responsible for significant advancements in winemaking utilized by many Californian wineries. The campus is noted for its top-rated Agricultural and Resource Economics programs <ref>{{cite web|url=http://agecon.ucdavis.edu/|title=UC Davis: Agricultural and Resource Economics}}</ref> and the large Department of Animal Science through which students can study at the university's own on-campus [[dairy]], meat-processing plant, [[equestrianism|equestrian]] facility, and experimental farm. Students of Environmental Horticulture and other botanical sciences have many acres of campus farmland and the [[University of California, Davis, Arboretum]] at their disposal. The [[Department of Applied Science, UC Davis|Department of Applied Science]] was founded and formerly chaired by physicist [[Edward Teller]]. The arts are also studied extensively on campus with subjects such as studio art, design, music, theater and dance. The Design Department at UC Davis is the only comprehensive academic design unit of the University of California system.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://admissions.ucdavis.edu/majors/major_view.cfm?major=ldes|title=UC Davis: Majors - Design}}</ref> There is also the [[Mondavi Center]] for the Performing Arts which features artists from all over the globe.

UC Davis undergraduate majors are divided into four colleges:
*[[UC Davis College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences]]
*[[UC Davis College of Biological Sciences]]
*[[UC Davis College of Engineering]]
*[[UC Davis College of Letters and Science]]

UC Davis has the following graduate and professional schools, the most in the entire UC system :
* [[UC Davis Graduate Studies]]
* [[UC Davis Graduate School of Management|Graduate School of Management]]
* [[UC Davis School of Education|School of Education]]
* [[UC Davis School of Law|School of Law]]
* [[UC Davis School of Medicine|School of Medicine]]
* [[UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine|School of Veterinary Medicine]]
* [[Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing|School of Nursing]]

The university is host to the Army [[Reserve Officer Training Corps]] (ROTC) program, with more than 120 cadets. With more than sixty years in existence, it currently commissions roughly 30 to 40 graduating seniors as second lieutenants every year.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www-ucdmag.ucdavis.edu/win06/feature_4.html | title=Features of Volume 24, Number 4 | publisher = UC Davis Magazine Online | accessdate=July 14, 2007 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070310190146/http://www-ucdmag.ucdavis.edu/win06/feature_4.html  |archivedate = March 10, 2007}}</ref>

===Rankings===
{{Infobox US university ranking

| ARWU_NU = 33
| Forbes = 99
| USNWR_NU = 39
| Wamo_NU = 17

| ARWU_W = 47
| QS_W = 85
| THES_W = 52
}}

UC Davis is considered a [[Public Ivy]]. In 2014, ''[[U.S. News and World Report]]'' ranked UC Davis as the 9th best public university in the United States, 39th nationally, and tied for 3rd best of the UC schools with [[UC San Diego]], following [[UC Berkeley]] and [[UCLA]].<ref name="USNews"/> ''[[Washington Monthly]]'' ranked UC Davis 17th in its 2012 National College Ranking based on the school's contributions to society.<ref name="washingtonmonthly.com">{{cite web | title=The Washington Monthly College Rankings | url=http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/college_guide/rankings_2012/national_university_rank.php | accessdate=August 27, 2012 }}</ref> In 2013, ''[[Forbes]]'' ranked UC Davis as 99th overall in the nation and 23rd among public colleges.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.forbes.com/colleges/university-of-california-davis/ |title=Forbes College Rankings |publisher=''Forbes'' |date=July 24, 2013}}</ref> In 2013 ''[[Kiplinger]]'' ranked UC Davis 23rd out of the top 100 best-value public colleges and universities in the nation, and 6th in California<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.kiplinger.com/tool/college/T014-S001-kiplinger-s-best-values-in-public-colleges/index.php |work=[[Kiplinger's Personal Finance|Kiplinger]] |title=Kiplinger's Best Values in Public Colleges |date=2013-01-15}}</ref> while ''[[The Princeton Review]]'' placed it 14th among U.S colleges for "Best Value Colleges" in 2012. <ref>http://www.princetonreview.com/UniversityofCaliforniaDavis.aspx</ref> According to the 2011-2012 Top 50 Colleges and Universities in America published by ''The Best Colleges'', UC Davis is ranked 27th nationally and 2nd among the UCs after UC Berkeley.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thebestcolleges.org/rankings/top-50/| title=The Best Colleges}}</ref>

The university has several distinguished graduate programs ranked in the top 10 in their fields by the [[United States National Research Council]]; most notable are its programs in [[agricultural economics]], [[entomology]], [[evolutionary biology]], [[plant biology]], and [[ecology]]. Additionally, the NRC placed more than a third of UC Davis graduate programs in the top 25% of their respective fields.<ref>{{cite web | title = UC Davis Office of Graduate Studies: A Data-Based Assessment of Research-Doctorate Programs in the United States | url = http://gradstudies.ucdavis.edu/nrc/NRC-UCD-Brief-Report.pdf | year = 2010 | publisher=University of California, Davis}}</ref> In 2013, ''U.S. News & World Report'' placed UC Davis 2nd nationally in Veterinary Medicine, 3rd in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 7th in Biological and Agricultural Engineering, 11th in Environmental Engineering, 13th in Civil Engineering, 15th in International Economics, 19th in American Politics and 21st in Psychology.<ref name="USNews" /> The Economics department of UC Davis was also ranked 6th among public universities and 20th nationally according to the RePec (Research Papers in Economics) Rankings in 2011.<ref>http://econ.dss.ucdavis.edu/news/economics-department-ranked-number-6-among-public-u.s.-universities-and-ranked-in-the-top-20-among-public-and-private-u.s.-universities</ref> In 2013, ''[[The Economist]]'' placed UC Davis Graduate School of Management in the top 8% accredited MBA programs in the United States (ranked 37th nationally and 65th globally). <ref>http://gsm.ucdavis.edu/economist-ucd-mba-number-1-recruiter-diversity</ref>

The ''[[Academic Ranking of World Universities]]'' placed UC Davis 33rd nationally and 47th globally for 2013.<ref name="ShanghaiRanking.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/ARWU2013.html |title=''Academic Ranking of World Universities'' – 2013 |publisher=ShanghaiRanking.com}}</ref> In its 2013-14 rankings, ''[[Times Higher Education World University Rankings]]'' ranked it 52nd in the world.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/2013-14/world-ranking |title=World University Rankings 2013-2014 |publisher=The Times Higher Educational Supplement }}</ref> The ''[[QS World University Rankings]]'' ranked it 100th in 2012,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2012 |title=QS World University Rankings - 2012 |work=''QS World University Rankings'' |publisher=Quacquarelli Symonds |accessdate=03 October 2013}}</ref> and 85th in 2013 (the 27th highest ranked U.S school on the list.)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2013 |title=QS World University Rankings - 2013 |work=''QS World University Rankings'' |publisher=Quacquarelli Symonds |accessdate=03 October 2013}}</ref>

In 2012, ''[[Sierra Club|Sierra Magazine]]'' ranked UC Davis 1st in its "Coolest School" in America list due to campus sustainability and climate change efforts.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/201209/coolschools/slideshow/top-ten-cool-schools-uc-davis-1.aspx|title=America's Coolest Schools}}</ref> The ''[[Newsweek]]'' College Rankings of 2011 had UC Davis in 10th place among the "Happiest Schools in America" and 11th among the "Greenest Schools" in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/features/college-rankings/schools/ca/university-of-california-davis.html| title=Newsweek's College Ranking 2011 for UC Davis}}</ref> UC Davis was awarded an A- from the ''2010 College Sustainability Report Card'', which grades schools on their environmental sustainability across nine categories.<ref name="greenreportcard.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.greenreportcard.org/report-card-2010/schools/university-of-california-davis |title=University of California–Davis - Green Report Card 2010 |publisher=Greenreportcard.org |date=|accessdate=2010-09-27}}</ref> In 2012 - 2013, UC Davis was also ranked 1st among research universities (tied with UC Berkeley and Penn State) as top producers of Fulbright Scholars. <ref>http://chronicle.com/article/Top-Producers-of-US/135456/</ref>

The city of Davis has been ranked as the second Best College Town in America<ref>{{cite web|url=http://away.com/features/top-ten-college-towns-davis-california.html |title=Top Ten College Towns: Davis, California |publisher=Away.com |date=|accessdate=2012-03-28}}</ref> and the Best College Downtown in California.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cp-dr.com/node/2158 |title=Best Downtowns: College Towns | California Planning & Development Report |publisher=Cp-dr.com |date=2008-10-20 |accessdate=2012-03-28}}</ref>

===Admissions===
<div style="float:right; text-align:center;">
<big>'''Fall Freshman Statistics'''</big><ref name="Profile2012" /><ref name="news.ucdavis.edu">http://news.ucdavis.edu/search/news_detail.lasso?id=10539</ref><ref>http://www.sariweb.ucdavis.edu/commondataset/cds20112012.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.sariweb.ucdavis.edu/commondataset/cds20102011.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.sariweb.ucdavis.edu/commondataset/cds20092010.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.sariweb.ucdavis.edu/commondataset/cds20122013.pdf</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!   !! 2013 (preliminary) !! 2012 !! 2011 !! 2010 !! 2009
|-
! Applicants
| 55,895|| 49,333 || 45,806 || 43,295 || 42,374
|-
! Admits
| 21,998 || 22,521 || 21,085 || 19,460 || 19,581
|-
! % Admitted
| 39.4 || 45.7 || 46.0 || 44.9 || 46.2
|-
! Enrolled
| || 5,208 || 4,705 || 4,501 || 4,412
|-
! Average GPA
| || 3.96 || 3.90 || 3.86 || 3.90
|}
</div>

Admission to UC Davis is rated as "most selective" by ''[[U.S. News and World Report]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/university-of-california-davis-1313|title=University of California-Davis |year=2013|accessdate=2012-11-15|publisher=''U.S. News and World Report''}}</ref>

For Fall 2013, UC Davis received 55,895 freshmen applications; 21,998 were admitted (39.4%).<ref name="news.ucdavis.edu"/>

UC Davis received 49,333 applications for admission to the Fall 2012 incoming freshman class; 22,521 were admitted (45.7%).<ref name="Profile2012" /> The middle 50% of the 5,208 enrolled freshmen had average high school GPAs between 3.9-4.1, while the middle 50% range of SAT scores were 520-640 for critical reading, 570-690 for math, and 540-660 for writing.<ref name="Profile2012" />

For Fall 2012, 13,180 transfer applications were received; 7,673 were admitted (58.2%) and 2,888 enrolled.<ref name="Profile2012" /> 93.2% of admitted transfer students were from California community colleges.<ref name="TransferAdmissions">{{cite web |title=UC Davis Transfer Admission Profile |url=http://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/campuses/davis/transfer-profile/index.html |accessdate=2012-11-15 |work=University of California}}</ref>

===Library===
[[Image:UCDavis PeterJShieldsLibrary.jpg|thumb|Inside of the Peter J. Shields Library]]
UC Davis' libraries include the [[Peter J. Shields Library]], the Physical Sciences & Engineering Library, the Carlson Health Sciences Library, and the Medical Center Library in [[Sacramento]], contain more than 3.5 million volumes and offers a number of special collections and services. The Peter J. Shields Library has three different architectural styles due to various construction and extensions being added; it is the main library where students study on-campus, with a 24-hour reading room, open computer labs, and unique furniture.

==Faculty and research==
UC Davis is also one of 62 members in the prestigious [[Association of American Universities]] (as of 1996). The Association of American Universities is an organization of leading research universities devoted to maintaining a strong system of academic research and education. It consists of sixty universities in the United States (both public and private) and two universities in Canada.

===Research expenditures===
According to the [[National Science Foundation]], UC Davis spent $456,653,000 on research and development in the fiscal year 2002-2003, ranking it 14th in the nation. Specifically, UC Davis's expenditures nationally ranked first in agricultural research ($25,683,000), seventh in biological research ($118,477,000), and 13th in the life sciences ($336,796,000). UC Davis reported $750 million in research expenditures in 2011-12.<ref>http://www.news.ucdavis.edu/search/news_detail.lasso?id=10398 UC Davis awarded record $750 million for research in 2011-12 (October 31, 2012)</ref>

===Faculty honors===
Its faculty includes 20 members of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]], 11 members of the [[National Academy of Engineering]], 21 members of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]], 17 members of the [[American Law Institute]], 2 [[Pulitzer Prize]] winners, 2 [[MacArthur Fellowship|MacArthur Fellows]] and one member of the [[Royal Society]].
[[File:Bodega Marine Lab 3543.jpg|thumb|right|Bodega Marine Lab from the south, looking across Horseshoe Cove]]

===Research centers and laboratories===
The campus supports a number of research centers and laboratories including:

* [[AHMCT|Advanced Highway Maintenance Construction Technology Research Laboratory]]
* BGI at UC Davis Joint Genome Center (in planning process) <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.news.ucdavis.edu/search/news_detail.lasso?id=10052 | title=BGI @ UC Davis Joint Genome Center}}</ref>
* Bodega Bay Marine Laboratory
* CalEPR Center
* California National Primate Research Center
* California Raptor Center
* [[Center for Health and the Environment]]
* [[Center for the Study of Human Rights in the Americas]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://humanrights.ucdavis.edu/ |title=Welcome! |publisher=Humanrights.ucdavis.edu |date=2011-11-18 |accessdate=2012-03-28}}</ref>
* [[Center for Visual Sciences]]
* [http://www.poverty.ucdavis.edu Center for Poverty Research]
* [[Crocker Nuclear Laboratory]]
* Davis Millimeter Wave Research Center (A joint effort of Agilent Technologies Inc. and UC Davis) (in planning process)
* [[Information Center for the Environment]]
* [[MIND Institute]]
* Tahoe Environmental Research Center
* [[UC Center Sacramento]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uccs.ucdavis.edu/ |title=Welcome — University of California Center Sacramento |publisher=Uccs.ucdavis.edu |date=|accessdate=2012-03-28}}</ref>
* [[UCPRC|University of California Pavement Research Center]]
* Energy Efficiency Center (the very first university run energy efficiency center in the Nation).

The [[Crocker Nuclear Laboratory]] on campus has had a [[nuclear accelerator]] since 1966.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://crocker.ucdavis.edu/ |title=Crocker Nuclear Laboratory |publisher=Crocker.ucdavis.edu |date=|accessdate=2012-03-28}}</ref><ref name="Crocker at 40">{{cite web|url=http://www.ucdavis.edu/spotlight/0706/crocker_nuclear_lab.html|title=Crocker Nuclear Lab at 40|last=Fell|first=Andy|publisher=UC Davis|accessdate=2008-12-02}}</ref> The laboratory is used by scientists and engineers from private industry, universities and government to research topics including [[nuclear physics]], applied [[solid state physics]], [[radiation]] effects, [[planetary geology]] and [[cosmogenics]]. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://crocker.ucdavis.edu/Site/Information/AboutCNL.aspx |title=About Crocker Nuclear Laboratory |publisher=Crocker.ucdavis.edu |date=|accessdate=2012-03-28}}</ref> UC Davis is the only UC campus, besides Berkeley, that has a nuclear laboratory.

Agilent Technologies will also work with the university in establishing a Davis Millimeter Wave Research Center to conduct research on millimeter wave and THz systems.<ref>Nicolas Mokhoff, EE Times. "[http://eetimes.com/electronics-news/4218497/Agilent-and-UC-Davis-form-millimeter-research-center Agilent and UC Davis form millimeter research center]." August 3, 2011. Retrieved August 5, 2011.</ref>

==Student life==
[[Image:ucdarc.jpeg|thumb|The Activities and Recreation Center]]
The undergraduate student government of UC Davis is the Associated Students of UC Davis (ASUCD), and has an annual operating budget of 11.1 million dollars, making it one of the largest-funded student government in the United States.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://asucd.ucdavis.edu/ | title=ASUCD Home Page | publisher=Associated Students of UC Davis | accessdate=July 14, 2007}}</ref> ASUCD includes an Executive, Legislative, and Judicial branch. Other than representing the student body on campus, the task of ASUCD is to lobby student interests to local and state government. Also under the purview of ASUCD are the student-run Coffee House is an ASUCD unit and [[Unitrans]], the Davis public bus system. ASUCD employs thousands of students<ref>{{cite web| url=http://asucd.ucdavis.edu/job | title=Jobs ASUCD Information Network | publisher=Associated Students of UC Davis | accessdate=March 8, 2009}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> annually across its many units.

[[Image:Ucdavis aggies.png|thumb|left|UC Davis Athletics logo]]
[[Image:UC Davis Marching Band.jpg|thumb|[[UC Davis California Aggie Marching Band-uh!]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.davisenterprise.com/media-post/picnic-day-2012/|publisher=Davis Enterprise|title=98th annual Picnic Day|author=Wayne Pilcock|date=April 22, 2012|accessdate=May 7, 2013}}</ref>]]
[[Picnic Day (UC Davis)|Picnic Day]], UC Davis's annual Open House, is the largest student-run event in the United States. It attracts thousands of visitors each year with its many attractions. These include a parade, a magic show performed by the chemistry department, the Doxie Derby ([[dachshund]] races), film screenings, and a [[Battle of the Bands]] between the [[UC Davis California Aggie Marching Band|Band]] and other college bands including the [[Cal Band]], the [[Stanford Band]], and the Humboldt State Marching Band.

Another highlight of UC Davis is its student-run [[freeform (radio format)|freeform]] radio station, [[KDVS]]. The station began operations on February 1, 1964 from the laundry room of the all-male dormitory Beckett Hall. The station soon gained a reputation by airing interviews with [[Angela Davis]] and a live call-in show with then [[Governor of California|California Governor]] [[Ronald Reagan]] in 1969. The station can now be heard on 90.3 [[FM broadcasting|FM]] and online at its website.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kdvs.org/ |title=News |publisher=KDVS |date=|accessdate=2012-03-28}}</ref>

UC Davis has over 500 registered student organizations, ranging from political clubs to professional societies to language clubs. According to the administration, roughly 75% of students are involved with one or more student-run groups on campus. These clubs are managed through the Center for Student Involvement.<ref>"Center for Student Involvement, UC Davis" [[csi.ucdavis.edu]] Retrieved 8/21/13</ref>

The academic Graduate Students and management students are represented by the Graduate Student Association (GSA). The Law Students are represented by Law Students Association.

Students are also encouraged to wear Aggie Blue on game days to show their Aggie Pride. If spotted wearing Aggie Blue by the Aggie Pack, students may have UC Davis paraphernalia thrown at them as a reward.

Students also participate in intramural sports such as basketball, ultimate frisbee, soccer and many more. The ARC contains a basketball gym, work out room, rock climbing wall, and other studio rooms for group exercise.

[[Image:Tai Kwon Do competition, UCD.jpg|thumb|The UC Davis Tae Kwon Do club]]
One less-known student tradition occurs during the commencement ceremonies, where students toss tortillas into the air at the beginning of the ceremony. Tortillas are smuggled into the building under graduation gowns and released into the air after all the graduates have taken their seats.

Other student activities:
* [[Unitrans]], the student run (and driven) bus system.
* The Coffee House, also known as the CoHo, is a student run restaurant serving 7000 customers daily.
* The Bike Barn, a bicycle shop that sells and rents bicycles and cycling equipment, also operating a repair shop.
* [[KDVS]], student radio.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kdvs.org/ |title=News |publisher=KDVS |date=|accessdate=2012-03-28}}</ref>
* The Entertainment Council,<ref>[http://ec.ucdavis.edu/ ec.ucdavis.edu]</ref> responsible for bringing famous musicians to campus and organizing student events.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ec.ucdavis.edu |title=Entertainment Council |publisher=Ec.ucdavis.edu |date=|accessdate=2010-06-08}}</ref>
* US Post Office, a completely student-run official United States Postal Service Contract Station.

===Transportation===
[[Image:Bicycles, UC Davis.jpg|thumb|Bicycles, UC Davis]]
[[Image:Double-decker bus, UC Davis.jpg|thumb|One of the [[double decker]]s in the city's student-run (and student-driven) bus system]]

Bicyclists are ubiquitous around campus as well as the city, and thus a lot of bike-only infrastructure exists, such as bike circles, large bike lanes, and traffic signals exclusively for bikes and the UC Davis cycling team has won several national championship titles.<ref>{{cite web | title=UC Davis Cycling homepage |url=http://www.ucdaviscycling.com/ | publisher=UC Davis}}</ref> The campus police department also has some of its officers patrol on bicycles and take bicycling under the influence ("BUI") and bicycling without a headlight at night very seriously. All bikes on the UC Davis campus must be registered with a California Bicycle license or they risk being sold at the on campus bike auction.

UC Davis is also well known for its bus service, [[Unitrans]], and its trademark London [[Double-decker bus|double decker buses]]. It has been in operation since 1968 and is believed to be the only general purpose (non-sightseeing) transit system in the U.S. to operate vintage double deck buses in daily service. The system is operated and managed entirely by students and offers fixed-route transportation throughout the city. There is also an inter-campus bus service<ref>http://www.fleet.ucdavis.edu/buses/shuttles/berkeley/schedule.php</ref> that ferries back and forth between UC Davis and [[UC Berkeley]] twice daily, from Monday to Friday. Davis is also one of the busiest stations of the [[Capitol Corridor]] intercity railroad service operated by [[Amtrak]] between the Bay Area and Sacramento.

The central campus is bounded by freeways on two sides (Highway 113 and [[Interstate 80]]). All other UC campuses are either somewhat distant from the closest freeway or are directly adjacent to only one freeway. Two freeway exits are entirely within UCD's boundaries. One, off Highway 113, is signed "UC Davis / Hutchison Drive" and the other, off Interstate 80, is signed exclusively as "UC Davis."

Easy freeway access, coupled with increasing housing costs in the city of Davis, have led to increased numbers of students commuting via automobile. Some students choose to live in the neighboring communities of [[Sacramento, CA|Sacramento]], [[Dixon, CA|Dixon]] or [[Woodland, CA|Woodland]], and use their own cars or the county-wide Yolobus to get to UC Davis.

===''The California Aggie''===
UC Davis also publishes a weekly [[student newspaper]], ''[[The California Aggie]]''. The ''Aggie'' was first published in 1915 as the ''Weekly Agricola'' after its approval by the Associated Student Executive Committee. At this point, UC Davis was considered the University Farm, an extension of [[UC Berkeley]].<ref name="ucdavis.edu">[http://www.ucdavis.edu/spotlight/1006/aggie_early_years.html UC Davis: Spotlight: Student news since 1915]{{dead link|date=March 2012}}</ref>

Initially, the ''Weekly Agricola'' was focused on both student news and farming-related topics. Novelist [[Jack London]] was one of the first readers of the ''Weekly Agricola''. In 1922, it was renamed to match the school's athletic name.<ref name="ucdavis.edu" /> Today, the ''Aggie'' has the largest print distribution in [[Yolo County]], at around 12,000 copies distributed daily.

===Greek life===
[[File:Water Tower, UC Davis(cropped).jpg|thumb|upright|UC Davis' iconic water tower]]
Social fraternities and sororities have been a part of the University of California at Davis since 1913. Approximately 8% of the university's undergraduate students are involved in the school's fraternities and sororities. One sorority, [http://www.sigmaaepi.com [[Sigma Alpha Epsilon Pi]]], was featured during the first season of the MTV reality show ''[[Sorority Life]]''.

There are currently 16 fraternities that are a part of the Interfraternity Council (IFC) in Davis. The IFC representatives attend weekly meetings to guarantee that all UC Davis rules and regulations are followed. The meetings are also used to inform the fraternities about all upcoming activities throughout the week. The 16 fraternities are: [[Alpha Epsilon Pi]], [[Alpha Gamma Omega]], [[Alpha Sigma Phi]], [[Chi Phi]], [[Delta Chi]], [[Delta Sigma Phi]], [[Lambda Chi Alpha]], [[Pi Kappa Alpha]], [[Phi Kappa Psi]], [[Sigma Alpha Mu]], [[Sigma Chi]], [[Sigma Nu]], [[Sigma Phi Epsilon]], [[Tau Kappa Epsilon]], [[Theta Chi]], and [[Theta Xi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ucdavis-ifc.com |title=Interfraternity Council |publisher=ucdavis-ifc.com |date=|accessdate=2012-09-03}}</ref>

The Davis Collegiate Panhellenic Council (DCPA) is similar to the Interfraternity Council, but is the governing council for several sororities at UC Davis. They are responsible for organizing recruitment, and overseeing that all regulations are upheld. There are currently 10 sororities that are a part of the Panhellenic Council. The 10 sororities are: [[alpha Kappa Delta Phi]], [[Alpha Chi Omega]], [[Alpha Phi]], [[Chi Omega]], [[Delta Delta Delta]], [[Delta Gamma]], [[Kappa Alpha Theta]], [[Kappa Kappa Gamma]], [[Pi Beta Phi]], Sigma Alpha Epsilon Pi.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ucdpanhellenic.com |title=Panhellenic Council |publisher=ucdpanhellenic.com |date=|accessdate=2011-01-08}}</ref>

The Phi Chapter of [[Alpha Gamma Rho]] was locally established May 1 of 1923 at UC Davis making it the first continuously running national fraternity on campus. They started as the Kappa Tau Fraternity, which was the first Agricultural Fraternity on campus. Many campus buildings are named after alumni of Alpha Gamma Rho such as Emil Mrak (Mrak Hall, Registrar's office), Orville Thompson (Thompson Hall, Segundo student housing), and Dean De Carli (the De Carli room, 2nd floor MU), Mel Olson Scoreboard ([[Aggie Stadium (UC Davis)|Aggie Stadium]]), and many more. The AGR Hall is an event space located inside the Buehler Alumni / Visitor's Center and is commonly rented out as a conference room or banquet hall. There are both national and local fraternities and sororities at UCD with diverse backgrounds and histories.<ref>{{cite web | title=Greek Life | publisher=Student Programs & Activities Center, UC Davis | url=http://greeklife.ucdavis.edu/ | accessdate=2012-09-03}}</ref>

==Athletics==
[[Image:Aggie Stadium (UC Davis).jpg|thumb|right|[[Aggie Stadium (UC Davis)|Aggie Stadium]]]]
{{main|UC Davis Aggies}}
The [[UC Davis Aggies]] (or Ags) compete in [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] [[Division I (NCAA)|Division I]] sports in the [[Big West Conference]]. For [[American football|football]], the Aggies compete in Division I [[Division I Football Championship Subdivision|FCS]] (formerly known as Division I-AA), and are members of the [[Big Sky Conference]], granting UC Davis the distinction of being one of only three UC campuses to field a football team ([[University of California, Berkeley|Cal]] and [[University of California, Los Angeles|UCLA]] being the other two). The Aggies are also members of the [[Mountain Pacific Sports Federation]] in gymnastics and lacrosse, the [[Western Intercollegiate Rowing Association]] and [[Davis Men's Crew Club]] for [[rowing (sport)|rowing]].

The UC [[Davis Men's Crew Club]] is one of the more successful clubs both on campus and in the West. In 2008 the JV boat won first in nationals at the ACRA Championships in Tennessee and in 2009 the Varsity boat got second place in nationals at the ACRA Championships. They consistently compete against teams such as Stanford, the University of Washington and UC Berkeley.

The Aggies finished first in [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] [[Division II (NCAA)|Division II]] six times in 2003 and won the [[NACDA Directors' Cup]] 4 years in a row from 1999 to 2003. In 1998, the UC Davis men's basketball team won the NCAA [[Division II (NCAA)|Division II]] national championship despite being one of the few non-scholarship institutions in Division II at that time. They have also won NCAA Division II championships in Softball (2003), Men's Tennis (1992), and Women's Tennis (1990, 1993). These and other achievements motivated a decision (following a year of heavy discussion by campus administrators, faculty, staff, students, alumni and the local community) in 2003 for the athletics program to re-classify to Division I.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.news.ucdavis.edu/search/news_detail.lasso?id=8243 | title=UC Davis Takes to NCAA Division I Playing Field | accessdate=July 19, 2007 | publisher = UC Davis News & Information}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.news.ucdavis.edu/search/news_detail.lasso?id=8246 | title=UC Davis Timeline: The Road to Division I | accessdate=July 19, 2007 | publisher = UC Davis News & Information}}</ref>

[[Image:Aggies at Stanford (half-time show).jpg|thumb|Aggies at Stanford (half-time show), September 17, 2005]]
The highlight of UC Davis's 4-year transition to Division I occurred on September 17, 2005, when the Aggies defeated the heavily favored [[Stanford Cardinal]] at [[Stanford Stadium]] by a score of 20-17 on a TD pass with 8 seconds left in the game. The Aggies also pulled off an upset against Stanford in basketball just months later, beating the Cardinal 64-58 with a late rally at home on December 4, 2005. The win in these two major sports and the addition of the Aggies beating the Cardinal in soccer earlier in 2005 as well as a win in wrestling and two wins in baseball pulled the Aggies' win loss record with Stanford to 5-1 for men's sports the 05-06 year.

The Aggie football team plays [[California State University, Sacramento|Sacramento State]] in the annual [[Causeway Classic]] for the [[Causeway Carriage]]. The team also plays [[California Polytechnic State University|Cal Poly San Luis Obispo]] in the annual [[Battle for the Golden Horseshoe]]. UC Davis students gather at sporting events to rally as the [[Aggie Pack]], the largest student-run school spirit organization in the United States. The Aggie Pack cheers on the sports team along with the [http://www.aggiepack.com/spiritsquad.htm Spirit Squad] to the music of the [[Cal Aggie Marching Band-uh!]] and its alumni band. [[Aggie Stadium (UC Davis)|Aggie Stadium]] is the home of the UC Davis football and lacrosse teams.

UC Davis also had a noteworthy wrestling program, which competed in the Pac-10 at the Division I level. In 2007, UC Davis wrestler Derek Moore gained All-American status, as well as won the NCAA Division I Championships for his weight class. Moore also received the "Most Outstanding Wrestler" award of the NCAA tournament. In doing so, Derek Moore became the first UC Davis student-athlete to become a NCAA champion at the Division I level. That same year, UC Davis finished within the top 25 for Division I collegiate wrestling programs in the country.

Wrestling was cut from the athletic department in April 2010. Other cuts included men's swimming, men's indoor track, and women's rowing. The athletic's department had to cut $1.79 million out of the budget. 14 women's teams and 9 men's teams were funded for the 2010-2011 school year.<ref>{{cite web|last=Rosenhall |first=Laurel |url=http://www.sacbee.com/2010/04/17/2685287/uc-davis-cuts-4-of-27-athletic.html |title=UC Davis cuts 4 of 27 athletic teams - Sacramento Sports - Kings, 49ers, Raiders, High School Sports | Sacramento Bee |publisher=Sacbee.com |date=|accessdate=2010-06-08}}</ref>
[[Image:Ucdavis aggies.png|thumb|left|UC Davis Athletics logo]]
The official school colors are blue and gold. The blue is due to the UC's early connection to Yale<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ucdavis.edu/spotlight/0606/graduation_factoids.html | title=UC Davis Spotlight | accessdate = July 14, 2007}}</ref> and as a result is often referred to as "[[Yale Blue]]" (e.g., see),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://athletics.ucdavis.edu/FOOTBALL/General_Info/general.html |title=UC Davis Football - Aggie Football General Information |publisher=Athletics.ucdavis.edu |date=|accessdate=2010-06-08}}</ref> and <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sportsline.com/collegebasketball/teams/page/CALDAV?&_1:col_1=1 |title=California Davis Aggies | NCAA Basketball at CBSSports.com |publisher=Sportsline.com |date=2008-06-11 |accessdate=2010-06-08}}</ref> although UCD's official blue, usually called "Aggie Blue", Pantone 295<ref>{{cite web| url=http://ucomm.ucdavis.edu/pubguide/logos_seals_marks.html | title=Publication Standards | publisher=University Communications | accessdate=July 19, 2007 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070709153410/http://ucomm.ucdavis.edu/pubguide/logos_seals_marks.html  |archivedate = July 9, 2007}}</ref> differs from Yale Blue (approximately Pantone 289)<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.yale.edu/printer/identity/yaleblue.html | title=Yale's Visual Identity: Yale Blue | publisher=Yale University | accessdate=July 19, 2007}}</ref>

The official school mascot is the [[Mustang (horse)|mustang]]. Students at UC Davis are referred to as Aggies in honor of the school's agricultural heritage. Unlike most colleges, there is a distinction between the name for students and the mascot. There was a movement to change the school's mascot from the mustang to the [[dairy cattle|cow]], but despite student support this was turned down after opposition from alumni. Many people will call the mustang mascot of UC Davis an [[UC Davis Aggies|Aggie]], but this is not its proper name; the mustang mascot is named Gunrock. The name dates to 1921 when the US Army brought a thoroughbred horse named [[Gunrock]] to UC Davis to supply high-quality breeding stock for the [[US Cavalry]] remount program. The mustang mascot was selected to honor that cavalry horse.

==Sustainability==
UC Davis has implemented many environmentally sustainable features on campus. In the Fall of 2010, UCD opened a renovated Dining Commons in the Cuarto living area. The dining hall prides itself on its sustainability and use of local produce. Currently there are two [[Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design|LEED]]-certified buildings operated by the university — the Robert Mondavi Institute for Wine and Food Science, which is the first brewery, winery or food-processing facilities in the world to achieve Platinum-level certification, and the Tahoe Center for Environmental Sciences at [[Lake Tahoe]], one of only five laboratories in the world to achieve Platinum-level certification.<ref name="UC Davis: Green Buildings">{{cite web
| title = UC Davis: Find Green Buildings
| publisher = UC Davis
| url = http://sustainability.ucdavis.edu/progress/buildings/map.html
| accessdate = 2011-02-28 }}</ref> Plans call for additional campus buildings to meet standards equivalent to LEED Silver,<ref name="UC Davis: Building Management">{{cite web
| title = UC Davis: Building Management
| publisher = UC Davis
| url = http://sustainability.ucdavis.edu/progress/buildings/
| accessdate = 2011-02-28 }}</ref> and for the development of UC Davis West Village as a "zero net energy" community.<ref name="UC Davis: West Village">{{cite web
| title = UC Davis West Village
| publisher = UC Davis
| url = http://westvillage.ucdavis.edu/
| accessdate = 2010-09-28 }}</ref>

The university was given two Best Practice Awards at the 2009 annual Sustainability Conference, held by the University of California, California State University and the California Community Colleges, for the campus's lighting retrofit project and sustainable design in new construction.<ref name="UC Davis: Best Practices">{{cite web
| title = UC Davis receives 2 best practices awards at sustainability conference
| publisher = Dateline, UC Davis
| url = http://dateline.ucdavis.edu/dl_detail.lasso?id=11639
| accessdate = 2010-09-28 }}</ref>

UC Davis has used the olives from the old trees on campus to produce olive oil<ref name="UC Davis: Olive oil">{{cite web
| title = UC Davis olive oil
| publisher = Olive Oil Center, UC Davis
| url = http://oliveoil.ucdavis.edu/
| accessdate = 2010-09-28 }}</ref> and table olives,<ref name="UC Davis: Table Olives">{{cite web
| title = UC Davis table olives
| publisher = Campus Grown, UC Davis
| url = http://campusgrown.ucdavis.edu/olives/table_olives.html
| accessdate = 2011-01-06 }}</ref> and the school uses drought-tolerant landscaping on and around campus.<ref name="UC Davis: Landscaping">{{cite web
| title = UC Davis: Water and Landscaping
| publisher = UC Davis
| url = http://sustainability.ucdavis.edu/progress/water/index.html
| accessdate = 2010-09-28 }}</ref> The campus also operates its own landfill, where it converts landfill (methane) gas to energy.<ref name="UC Davis: Energy">{{cite web
| title = UC Davis: Energy Systems
| publisher = UC Davis
| url = http://sustainability.ucdavis.edu/progress/energy/index.html
| accessdate = 2010-09-28 }}</ref>

For its efforts in campus sustainability, UC Davis earned an A- on the 2010 College Sustainability Report Card, one of 27 schools to achieve the highest grade awarded.<ref name="greenreportcard.org" />

UC Davis became the first university to implement a fee on all single-use bags distributed on campus and is working towards becoming the first university campus to ban plastic bags entirely.<ref>{{cite web | title=Have some SWAG, bring your own BAG| url=http://www.theaggie.org/2011/11/30/%E2%80%9Chave-some-swag-bring-your-own-bag%E2%80%9D/ | publisher = The California Aggie}}</ref>

UC Davis is also home to the Agricultural Sustainability Institute (ASI),<ref>http://asi.ucdavis.edu/index.htm</ref> which is part of the College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES). ASI provides leadership for research, teaching, outreach, and extension efforts in agricultural and food systems sustainability at the Davis campus and throughout the UC system.

UC Davis, introduced by Arnold Schwarzenegger as the "environmental capital of the world",<ref name="GGCS3">{{cite web
| title = UC Davis: News & Information - Dateline
| publisher = UC Davis
| url = http://dateline.ucdavis.edu/dl_detail.lasso?id=13078
| accessdate = 2010-11-17 }}</ref> hosted Governors' Global Climate Summit 3 (GGCS3)<ref>http://ces.ucdavis.edu/ggcs3</ref> which is an international climate forum for the top leaders of local, regional, national and international entities, as well as those from academia, business and nonprofits. The summit featured talks that promised to broaden national partnerships through an increased understanding of unique environmental and economic challenges in the continuation to grow a clean, green economy. The summit included more than 1,500 attendees from more than 80 countries.

==People==
*[[List of University of California, Davis alumni]]
*[[List of University of California, Davis faculty]]

==See also==
{{Portal|California Central Valley}}
* [[Mondavi Center]]
* [[The Pavilion (UC Davis)]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|University of California, Davis}}
*[http://www.ucdavis.edu/ Official Website]
*[http://ucdavisaggies.collegesports.com Official Athletics Website]
*[[Wikispot:davis|Davis Wiki]] - Wiki for the community of Davis
*{{dmoz|Reference/Education/Colleges_and_Universities/North_America/United_States/California/University_of_California/Davis/}}
{{UC Davis}}
{{UCDavis Chancellors}}
{{Big West Conference navbox}}
{{Big Sky Conference navbox}}
{{Association of American Universities}}
{{Universities Research Association}}
{{APRU}}
{{Sacramento Valley Sports}}
{{University of California}}
{{Public Ivy}}
{{Yolo County, California}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:California, Davis}}
[[Category:University of California, Davis|*]]
[[Category:University of California|Davis]]
[[Category:Agricultural universities and colleges in the United States]]
[[Category:Association of American Universities|California Davis, University of]]
[[Category:Association of Public and Land-Grant Universities]]
[[Category:Association of Pacific Rim Universities]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in Yolo County, California]]
[[Category:Central Valley (California)]]
[[Category:Davis, California]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1905|California Davis, University of]]
[[Category:Land-grant universities and colleges|California Davis, University of]]
[[Category:Schools accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in Yolo County, California]]
[[Category:1905 establishments in California]]

UC Davis School of Law

2013-10-28T16:45:42Z

Casecrer: replacing copyright protected image by public domain image

{{Infobox Law School
| image =[[File:The University of California Davis.svg|200px|Seal of the University of California]]
| name = University of California Davis School of Law
|parent = [[University of California]]
| established = 1965<ref name=USNWR/>
| type = [[Public university|Public]]
| endowment =
| parent endowment = $598 million (2010)<ref name="endowment">{{cite web |url=http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/foundation/foundation.pdf |title=UC Annual Endowment Report, Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2010 |accessdate=April 22, 2010 |publisher=Office of the Treasurer of the Regents of the University of California|date=2010}}</ref>
| head = [[Kevin Johnson (academic)|Kevin Johnson]]
| city = [[Davis, California|Davis]]
| state = [[California]]
| country = [[United States|US]]
| students = 589<ref name=USNWR/>
| faculty = 62<ref name=USNWR/>
| ranking = 38<ref name=USNWR>{{Cite web
| title = ''U.S. News & World Report'', "Best Law Schools: University of California -- Davis"
| url = http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-law-schools/school-of-law-03017
| accessdate = April 14, 2011}}</ref>
| bar pass rate = 88% (ABA profile)
| annual tuition = $49,564 (In-state) $58,815 (Out-of-state)<ref>http://www.law.ucdavis.edu/current/financial-aid/cost-of-attendance.html</ref>
| homepage = [http://www.law.ucdavis.edu/ www.law.ucdavis.edu]
| motto = Fiat lux ([[Latin]])
| aba profile = [https://officialguide.lsac.org/Release/SchoolsABAData/SchoolPage/SchoolPage_PDFs/ABA_LawSchoolData/ABA4834.pdf UC Davis Profile]
}}

The '''University of California Davis School of Law''' (Martin Luther King, Jr. Hall), referred to as '''UC Davis School of Law''' and commonly known as '''King Hall''' and '''UC Davis Law,''' is an [[American Bar Association#Accreditation of law schools|American Bar Association]] approved [[Law school in the United States|law school]] located in [[Davis, California]] on the campus of the [[University of California, Davis]]. The school received ABA approval in 1968.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.americanbar.org/groups/legal_education/resources/aba_approved_law_schools/by_year_approved.html |title=ABA-Approved Law Schools by Year |work=ABA website |accessdate=April 20, 2011}}</ref> It joined the [[Association of American Law Schools]] (AALS) in 1968.<ref>[http://www.aals.org/about_memberschools.php#c-d AALS Member Schools]</ref>

By design, UC Davis School of Law is the smallest of the five law schools in the [[University of California]] system, with a total enrollment of just under 600 students. Located in a building named for Dr. [[Martin Luther King, Jr.]], and commonly referred to as King Hall,<ref>[http://www.law.ucdavis.edu/about/history-of-king-hall.html King Hall]</ref> the School is committed to preserving Dr. King's ideal of social and political justice.

The School’s traditional and emerging areas of study include business law, criminal law and procedure, environmental and natural resources law, health care law and bioethics, human rights and social justice law, intellectual property law, immigration law, international and comparative law, constitutional law, and public interest law. Certificate programs are offered in Public Service Law, Environment and Natural Resources Law, and Pro Bono Service.

Among the UC Davis School of Law's assets are award-winning trial and appellate advocacy programs, clinics, and externships, five student-run journals, and more than 40 active student organizations.

==Rankings and academics==
UC Davis is one of the top 5 law schools in California, and one of the top 50 law schools in the United States. ''[[US News & World Report]]'' ranks UC Davis 38th among top law schools in the U.S.,<ref name=USNWR/> and as the second most [[Diversity (politics)|diverse]] of the four law schools in the UC system (after [[UC Hastings]]).<ref>{{cite web | title=America's Best Graduate Schools 2008, Law School Diversity Index | url= http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/usnews/edu/grad/rankings/law/brief/lawdiv_brief.php | publisher= [[US News & World Report]] | accessdate= 2007-10-20}}</ref> Princeton Review placed UC Davis tenth in the nation in the 2009 version of its annual ranking of faculty diversity among American law schools. It is listed as an "A-" in the March 2011 "Diversity Honor Roll" by ''The National Jurist: The Magazine for Law Students''.<ref name=NationalJurist>{{Citation
| last1 = Larsen | first1 = Rebecca
| title = Most Diverse Law Schools (Diversity Honor Roll)
| journal = The National Jurist
| volume = 20
| issue = 6
| pages = 30–37
| publisher = Cypress Magazines
| location = San Diego, California
| date = March 2011
| url = http://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/cypress/nationaljurist0311/#/32
}}</ref>

It is listed as an "A" (#16) in the January 2011 "Best Public Interest Law Schools" ratings by ''The National Jurist: The Magazine for Law Students''.<ref name=NJPubInterest>{{Citation
| last1 = Weyenberg | first1 = Michelle
| title = Best Law Schools for Public Interest
| journal = The National Jurist
| volume = 20
| issue = 4
| pages = 24–28
| publisher = Cypress Magazines
| location = San Diego, California
| date = January 2011
| url = http://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/cypress/nationaljurist0111/index.php#/24
}}</ref>

UC Davis Law has the smallest student body of the UC schools, but a slightly larger student/faculty ratio than [[UCLA School of Law|UCLA]] or [[Boalt Hall|Berkeley]].<ref>{{cite web | title=America's Best Graduate Schools 2008, What are the largest and smallest law schools? | url= http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/usnews/edu/grad/webextras/brief/sb_law_size_brief.php | publisher= [[US News]] | accessdate= 2007-10-20}}</ref>

UC Davis School of Law is the most expensive law school in the UC system, and the most expensive public law school in the nation.<ref>{{cite web|title=What are the priciest public law schools?|url=http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-law-schools/public-cost-rankings|work=U.S. News & World Report|accessdate=22 April 2013}}</ref> It grants the most in financial aid after UCLA, so students tend to graduate with less debt on average than other schools in the UC system.<ref>{{cite web | title=America's Best Graduate Schools 2008, Who's the priciest? Who's the cheapest? | url= http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/usnews/edu/grad/webextras/brief/sb_law_cost_public_brief.php | publisher= [[US News & World Report]] | accessdate= 2007-10-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=America's Best Graduate Schools 2008, Which public schools award the most and the least financial aid? | url= http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/usnews/edu/grad/webextras/brief/sb_law_finaid_public_brief.php | publisher= [[US News]] | accessdate= 2007-10-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=America's Best Graduate Schools 2008, Whose graduates have the most debt? The least? | url= http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/usnews/edu/grad/webextras/brief/sb_law_debt_brief.php | publisher= [[US News]] | accessdate= 2007-10-20}}</ref> UC Davis Law's King Hall Loan Repayment Assistance Program (LRAP), founded in 1990 to help alumni working in relatively low-income public-service law careers to repay student loans, was the first loan repayment assistance program established at any UC law school.{{Citation needed|date=April 2011}}

According to [[Brian Leiter]]'s Law School rankings, Davis ranks 23rd in the nation in terms of scholarly impact as measured by academic [[citation]]s of tenure-stream faculty.<ref>{{cite web | title= Top 25 Law Faculties Based on Scholarly Impact, 2005-2009 | url= http://www.leiterrankings.com/new/2010_scholarlyimpact.shtml}}</ref>

In February 2008, the ''The National Jurist: The Magazine for Law Students'' ranked the ''UC Davis Law Review'' number 30 on its list of the 100 best law reviews.<ref>{{cite web | title= National Jurist's 100 Best Law Reviews | url= http://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/cypress/nationaljurist0208/index.php?startid=22 |publisher= National Jurist | accessdate=2008-09-25}}</ref>

The school is a member of the [[Order of the Coif]], a national law school honorary society founded for the purposes of encouraging legal scholarship and advancing the ethical standards of the legal profession.<ref>[http://www.orderofthecoif.org/COIF-members.htm Order of the Coif member schools]</ref>

===Bar passage rates===
Based on a 2001-2007 6 year average, 79.4% of UC Davis Law graduates passed the California State Bar.<ref name=ILRG>{{Cite web
| title = Internet Legal Research Group: University of California-Davis School of Law, 2009 profile
| url = http://www.ilrg.com/rankings/law/view.php/112
| accessdate = April 13, 2011}}</ref> In 2009, 89% of first-time test takers passed the California bar.<ref>{{cite news | title= Top UC Davis, McGeorge law students raise the bar | url= http://sacramento.bizjournals.com/sacramento/stories/2009/11/23/daily27.html |publisher= Sacramento Business Journal | accessdate=2010-03-01 | first=Kathy | last=Robertson | date=2009-11-25}}</ref>
For July 2012, 78.9% of first-time test takers passed the California bar.<ref>{{cite news | title= California Bar Admissions 2012 | url= http://admissions.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/4/documents/gbx/JULY2012STATS.122112_R.pdf |publisher= California Bar Association | accessdate=2013G-03-13 | first=Graham | last=Hoerauf | date=2013-03-13}}</ref>

===Post-graduation employment===
Based on a 2001-2007 6 year average, 93% of UC Davis Law graduates were employed 9 months after graduation.<ref name=ILRG/>

==Expansion==

The law school is currently undergoing $30 million expansion project that is beginning its second phase. The project thus far has added an additional wing to the law school's current building, increasing assignable space by nearly 30 percent to provide for additional classrooms, offices, and a new courtroom, named the [[Paul Kalmanovitz|Paul and Lydia Kalmanovitz]] Appellate Courtroom in honor of a $1 million gift to the project from the Kalmanovitz Charitable Foundation. The courtroom is used by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, California Supreme Court, and California Court of Appeal. The second phase, now underway, includes major renovations to the existing structure that will improve aesthetics and traffic flow as well as provide the infrastructure necessary for new technologies. Construction information, floor plans, and a live construction camera are all available on the school's website.<ref>{{cite web | title= UC Davis School of Law: Our New Building | url= http://www.law.ucdavis.edu/alumni/giving/camera.html |publisher= UC Davis School of Law | accessdate=2008-12-01}}</ref>

==Centers at King Hall==
*[[California International Law Center]]
*[http://www.law.ucdavis.edu/centers/environmental/index.html California Environmental Law and Policy Center]
*[http://innovation.ucdavis.edu/ Center for Science and Innovation Studies]

==Journals at King Hall==
*''[http://lawreview.law.ucdavis.edu UC Davis Law Review]''
*''[http://jilp.law.ucdavis.edu/ UC Davis Journal of International Law & Policy]''
*''[http://jjlp.law.ucdavis.edu/ UC Davis Journal of Juvenile Law & Policy]''
*''[http://environs.law.ucdavis.edu/ Environs, a Journal of Environmental Law & Policy]''
*''[http://blj.ucdavis.edu/ Business Law Journal]''

==Student Organizations and Programs at King Hall==
*[http://students.law.ucdavis.edu/LSA/ King Hall Law Students Association]
*[http://students.law.ucdavis.edu/KHLF/ King Hall Legal Foundation]
*[http://students.law.ucdavis.edu/negotiations/board.html King Hall Negotiations Team]
*[http://students.law.ucdavis.edu/mootcourt/ UC Davis Moot Court Program]
*UC Davis Trial Practice Honors Board
*[http://students.law.ucdavis.edu/halo/ Humanitarian Aid Legal Organization]

==Noted people==
===Faculty===

*[[Vikram Amar]], Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, constitutional law scholar
*[[Alan Brownstein]], Boochever and Bird Chair for the Study and Teaching of Freedom and Equality
*[[Gabriel J. Chin|Gabriel "Jack" Chin]], Professor of Law, specialist in fields of immigration law and criminal procedure
*[[Joel Dobris]], Professor of Law, the nation's most commonly cited scholar in the law of [[Trust law|Trusts]], [[will (law)|Wills]], and [[Estate (law)|Estates]]
*[[Angela P. Harris]], Professor of Law, nationally recognized authority in critical legal theory
*[[Robert W. Hillman]], Professor of Law, Fair Business Practices and Investor Advocacy Chair
*[[Edward Imwinkelried]], Edward L. Barrett, Jr. Professor of Law, the nation's most commonly cited scholar in evidence law
*[[Kevin Johnson (academic)|Kevin Johnson]], Dean and Mabie-Apallas Professor of Public Interest Law and Chicana/o Studies, specialist in civil rights, immigration, and Chicano/a rights law
*[[Miguel Méndez (legal scholar)|Miguel Méndez]], Professor of Law, nationally recognized evidence law scholar
*[[Terry O'Neill (feminist)|Terry O'Neill]], President, [[National Organization for Women]], acting professor of law 1988-1989.
*[[Rex R. Perschbacher]], Daniel J. Dykstra Endowed Chair, former Dean of the Law School, 1998-2008
*[[Cruz Reynoso]], Associate Justice of the [[California Supreme Court]] 1982-1987, Professor Emeritus
*[[Martha West]], former Associate Dean; Professor Emeritus

===Alumni===
*[[Luis Alejo]], California State Assemblymember
*[[Charles Calderon]], [[California State Assembly]]member, former majority leader of the California State Senate
*[[Tani Cantil-Sakauye]], 28th [[Chief Justice of California]]
*[[Supreme Court of Guam#Current Justices|F. Philip Carbullido]], Associate Justice, Supreme Court of Guam; Chief Justice 2003-2008
*[[Sharon L. Gleason]], Judge, [[United States District Court for the District of Alaska]]
*[[Elihu Harris]], former Democratic mayor of [[Oakland, California]]
*[[Paul Igasaki]], Chief Judge & Chair of the U.S. [[United States Department of Labor|Department of Labor]] [[Administrative Review Board]]; Deputy Chief Executive Officer of [[Equal Justice Works]]; former Chair of the U.S. [[Equal Employment Opportunity Commission]] (EEOC), appointed by President Clinton
*[[Gus Lee]], American author and ethicist
*[[Laura Liswood]], co-founder of the [[Council of Women World Leaders]]; Senior Advisor, [[Goldman Sachs]]
*[[George Miller (California politician)|George Miller]], Democratic congressman; Ranking Member, [[United States House Committee on Education and Labor]]
*[[Angela E. Oh]], activist, former Chair of U.S. Senator Barbara Boxer's Federal Judicial Nominations Committee
*[[Kristina Pickering]], Associate Justice of the [[Supreme Court of Nevada]]
*[[Dean D. Pregerson]], judge, [[United States District Court for the Central District of California]]; son of Judge [[Harry Pregerson]]
*[[Victoria Pynchon]], author and attorney, specializing in mediation
*[[Jane A. Restani]], Chief Judge, [[United States Court of International Trade]]
*[[Jim Rogers (politician)|Jim Rogers]], City Councilman, City of [[Richmond, California]]
*[[Jon Sands]], Chief Federal Public Defender for the District of Arizona
*[[Anna Slotky]], actress
*[[Gary D. Solis]], Adjunct Professor of Law, [[Georgetown University Law Center]]
*[[Darrell Steinberg]], California State Senate President Pro Tem, (D-Sacramento)
*[[Craig F. Stowers]], Associate Justice of the [[Alaska Supreme Court]]
*[[Arthur Torres]], California State Senator; former Chairman of the [[California Democratic Party]]
*[[Monika Kalra Varma]], Director, [[Robert F. Kennedy Center for Justice and Human Rights|Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Center for Human Rights (RFK Center)]]
*[[Steve White (judge)|Steve White]], former Presiding Judge, Sacramento County Superior Court; former Inspector General of the [[California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation]]

==References==
<references />

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://www.law.ucdavis.edu/ UC Davis School of Law}}
* [http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-5934452153852795866 "The MLK"] — UC Davis talent show film
* [http://www.faqs.org/faqs/ucdavis/king-hall-faq/part1/ King Hall Law School USENET FAQ] — Antiquated Unofficial FAQ from 1996. Of historical interest.
* [[Wikispot:davis:School of Law|UC Davis School of Law]] on Daviswiki

{{UC Davis}}

{{California law schools accredited by the American Bar Association}}

{{Coord|38|32|09|N|121|44|57|W|type:edu_region:US-CA|display=inline,title}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Uc Davis School Of Law}}
[[Category:ABA-accredited law schools in California|California, Davis]]
[[Category:University of California, Davis]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1965]]

UC Berkeley School of Education

2013-10-28T16:38:19Z

Casecrer:

{{coord|37|52|26.8|N|122|15|50.12|W|region:US|display=title}}
{{Infobox University
|image_name = File:The University of California Berkeley 1868.svg
|image_size = 200px
|name = University of California, Berkeley Graduate School of Education
|established = 1892<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www-gse.berkeley.edu/main_alumvisitor.html|title=Welcome Alumni & Visitors|accessdate=2008-06-07|publisher=University of California, Berkeley Graduate School of Education}}</ref>
|type = [[public university|Public]]
|dean = [[Judith Warren Little]]
|city = [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]]
|state = [[California]]
|country = {{flagicon|USA}}
|students = 430 Full Time<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.grad.berkeley.edu/publications/thegraduate/2008/2008.pdf|title=Graduate education at a glance|accessdate=2008-06-07|publisher=University of California, Berkeley Graduate Division}}</ref>
|staff =
|campus = [[urban area|Urban]]
|website = [http://gse.berkeley.edu/ gse.berkeley.edu]
|endowment =
|logo = [[Image:UCBERKELEYGSELOGOb.JPG|University of California, Berkeley Graduate School of Education Logo]]
}}

'''The University of California, Berkeley Graduate School of Education''' is one of 14 schools and colleges at the [[University of California, Berkeley]]. The Graduate School of Education specializes in teacher training and education research.

==Location==
The Graduate School of Education occupies the east wing of [[Tolman Hall]], located in the northwest area of the UC Berkeley campus.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gse.berkeley.edu/admin/publications/tolmanhistory.html|title=Tolman Hall: Past, Present, and Future|accessdate=2008-06-07|publisher=University of California, Berkeley Graduate School of Education}}</ref>

==Programs==
The school has [[Master's Degree]] and [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]] programs which are contained within three Areas of Study (with the exception of LEEP, which is a schoolwide program) and grouped by Degree and Credential objectives. All four Credential programs include an M.A. degree.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gse.berkeley.edu/academic.html|title=Programs|accessdate=2008-06-07|publisher=University of California, Berkeley Graduate School of Education}}</ref>

===Cognition and Development (CD)===

'''M.A./Ph.D./Ed.D Programs'''

*Development in Math and Science
*Education in Math, Science and Technology
*Human Development and Education
*Joint Doctorate in Special Education
*School Psychology

'''M.A./Credentials'''

*[[Developmental Teacher Education (DTE)]]
*[[M.A. and Credential in Science and Math Education (MACSME)]]

===Language and Literacy, Society and Culture (LLSC)===

'''M.A./Ph.D./Ed.D Programs'''

*Language, Literacy, and Culture (Ph.D)
*Language, Literacy, and Culture (Ed.D)
*Language, Literacy, and Culture (M.A.)
*Language, Literacy, and Culture (M.A.): Cultural Studies of Sport in Education (CSSE)
*Social and Cultural Studies

'''M.A./Credentials'''

*[[Multicultural Urban Secondary English]] (MUSE)

===Policy, Organization, Measurement, and Evaluation (POME)===

'''M.A./Ph.D./Ed.D Programs'''

*Policy and Organizations Research
*Quantitative Methods and Evaluation
*Program Evaluation and Assessment
*Educational Leadership

'''M.A./Credentials'''

*Principal Leadership Institute (PLI)

===Other programs and academic units===

*Leadership for Educational Equity (LEEP)
*The Graduate Group in Science and Mathematics Education (SESAME)
*Undergraduate Minor in Education
*Undergraduate Minor in Interdisciplinary Studies in Early Childhood
*UC Berkeley Summer Session
*College and Career Academy Support Network (CCASN) <casn.berkeley.edu>

==Tuition==
For California resident graduate students, the fees for the 2012-2013 academic year are $7,589.75 per semester; for nonresidents and international students, $15,220.75 per semester. These fees include a health insurance fee of $1,153 per semester. Health insurance fees may be waived if resident and nonresident graduate students provide verification that they have comparable health insurance coverage. Fees for the Summer Sessions vary according to the number of units taken and are the same for resident, nonresident, and international students. All fees are subject to change.<ref>{{cite web|title=Graduate School of Education Fees and Financial Support|url=http://gse.berkeley.edu/fees-and-financial-support}}</ref>

==Rankings==
The [[US News|''U.S. News & World Report'']] recently ranked UC Berkeley's Graduate School of Education 7th among top schools of education in the United States (third among all public institutions).<ref>{{cite web|title=America's Best Graduate Schools 2008|url=http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/grad/edu/search|publisher=[[US News]]|accessdate= 2008-06-07}}</ref> The 2011 rankings currently place the school at rank 12 (seventh among all public institutions).<ref>{{cite web|title=America's Best Graduate Schools 2011|url=http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-education-schools/edu-rankings|publisher=[[US News]]|accessdate= 2011-06-03}}</ref> The recent drop in rankings may be attributed to substantial program cuts that the Graduate School of Education has sustained over the past two years.<ref>{{cite web|title=California Watch|url=http://californiawatch.org/dailyreport/uc-berkeley-asked-absorb-80m-browns-500m-cut-8507|publisher=[[California Watch]]|accessdate= 2011-06-03}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://gse.berkeley.edu Official site]
*[http://berkeley.edu/map/3dmap/3dmap.shtml Interactive Map of UC Berkeley campus]

{{UC Berkeley Academics}}

[[Category:University of California, Berkeley]]
[[Category:Schools of education in California]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1892]]
[[Category:1892 establishments in California]]

User talk:Casecrer

2013-10-28T16:28:22Z

Casecrer: ←Created page with '--~~~~'

--[[User:Casecrer|Casecrer]] ([[User talk:Casecrer#top|talk]]) 16:28, 28 October 2013 (UTC)

User:Casecrer

2013-10-28T16:28:06Z

Casecrer: ←Created page with 'Casecrer'

Casecrer

University of California, Santa Cruz

2013-10-25T02:19:21Z

Casecrer: public domain image instead of fair use image

{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2012}}
{{Infobox University
|name =University of California, Santa Cruz
|motto = ''[[Fiat lux]]'' ([[Latin]])
|mottoeng = [[Let there be light]]
|tagline =• Thinking at the Edge • Fiat Slug (unofficial)
|image_name =Ucsc fiatslug.png
|image_size =153px
|established =1965
|type =[[Public university|Public]], [[Land-grant college|Land-]] and [[Space grant colleges|Space-Grant]] [[research university]]
|endowment = US$117.4 million<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/_files/report/UC_Annual_Endowment_Report_FY2011-2012.pdf |title=UC Annual Endowment Report, Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012 |page=4 |accessdate=January 7, 2013 |publisher=Office of the Treasurer of the Regents of the University of California|format=PDF}}</ref>
|chancellor =[[George Blumenthal]]
|provost =[[Alison Galloway]]
| students = 17,404 (2012 Fall)<ref name="Enrollment">{{cite web |url=http://planning.ucsc.edu/irps/enrollmt/3rdwk/spring2013.pdf |format=PDF |title=Headcount Enrollment |publisher=University of California, Santa Cruz Institutional Research and Policy Studies |date = May 14, 2013 |accessdate=July 16, 2013}}</ref>
| undergrad = 15,978 (2012 Fall)<ref name="Enrollment"/>
| postgrad = 1,426 (2012 Fall)<ref name="Enrollment"/>
|alumni =>60,000
|city =[[Santa Cruz, California|Santa Cruz]]
|state =California
|country =United States
|campus =Suburban/Forest {{convert|2000|acre|ha}}<ref name="Campus Facts">{{cite web|url=http://news.ucsc.edu/awards/files/some-facts.pdf |format=PDF |title=UC Financial Reports – Campus Facts in Brief |year=2010-11 |publisher=University of California |accessdate=November 17, 2012}}</ref>
|colors =[[Azure (heraldry)|UCSC Blue]] & [[Or (heraldry)|UCSC Gold]]<ref name="UCSC Colors">{{cite web
| title = Print: Colors
| work = Identity Guidelines
| publisher = UC Santa Cruz
| date = November 3, 2009
| url = http://www.ucsc.edu/identity/print-colors.html
| accessdate =February 19, 2010}}</ref> {{color box|#0069AA}}{{color box|#FFD200}}
|mascot =Sammy the Slug<ref name="UCSC Mascot">{{cite web
| title = Banana Slug Mascot
| url = http://www.ucsc.edu/about/mascot.html
| accessdate =November 6, 2010}}</ref>
|nickname =[[Banana slug|Banana Slugs]]
|athletics =[[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] [[Division III (NCAA)|Division III]]
|affiliations =[[University of California]] [[Western Association of Schools and Colleges|WASC]]
|address =University of California 1156 High Street Santa Cruz, CA 95064
|website =[http://www.ucsc.edu/ www.ucsc.edu]
|logo =[[File:The University of California 1868 UCSC.svg|150px]]
}}
The '''University of California, Santa Cruz''' (also known as '''UC Santa Cruz''' or '''UCSC''') is a [[public university|public]], [[residential college|collegiate]] university and one of 10 campuses in the [[University of California]] system. Located 80 miles (130 km) south of San Francisco at the edge of the coastal community of [[Santa Cruz, California|Santa Cruz]], the campus lies on {{convert|2001|acres|ha}}<ref name="UCSC Acreage">{{cite web
| title = Community Relationship
| work = The 1988 Long Range Development Plan
| publisher = UC Santa Cruz Physical Planning & Construction | date = March 2, 2004
| url = http://planning.ucsc.edu/lrdp/docs/1988lrdp/graphical/intro/comm.html
| accessdate =February 19, 2010}}</ref> of rolling, forested hills overlooking the Pacific Ocean and [[Monterey Bay]].

Founded in 1965,<ref name="overview">{{cite web
| title = Campus Overview | publisher = UC Santa Cruz
| url = http://www.ucsc.edu/about/campus_overview.asp
| accessdate =February 19, 2010}}</ref> UC Santa Cruz began as a showcase for progressive, cross-disciplinary undergraduate education, innovative teaching methods and contemporary architecture. Since then, it has evolved into a modern research university with a wide variety of both undergraduate and graduate programs, while retaining its reputation for strong undergraduate support and student political activism. The residential college system, which consists of ten small colleges, is intended to combine the student support of a small college with the resources of a major university.

==History==
Although some of the original founders had already outlined plans for an institution like UCSC as early as the 1930s, the opportunity to realize their vision did not present itself until the City of Santa Cruz made a bid to the [[Regents of the University of California|University of California Regents]] in the mid-1950s to build a campus just outside town, in the foothills of the [[Santa Cruz Mountains]].<ref name="City council hasn't told">{{Cite news
| last = Doyle | first = William T.
| title = What the city council has not told us about university expansion
| newspaper = Santa Cruz Sentinel
| publisher = MediaNews Group
| date = October 1, 2006
| url = http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=42181
| accessdate =February 19, 2010}}</ref> The Santa Cruz site was selected over a competing proposal to build the campus closer to the population center of [[San Jose, California|San Jose]]. Santa Cruz was selected for the beauty, rather than the practicality, of its location, however, and its remoteness led to the decision to develop a residential college system that would house most of the students on-campus.<ref name="McHenry UCSC origins">{{Cite book
| last = McHenry | first = Dean E.
| editor1-last = Spedding Calciano | editor1-first = Elizabeth
| title = Volume II The University of California, Santa Cruz: Its Origins, Architecture, Academic Planning and Early Faculty Appointments 1958–1968
| publisher = UC Santa Cruz | year = 1974 | page = 59
| url = http://library.ucsc.edu/reg-hist/McHenryvolume2.pdf | format = PDF |accessdate=February 19, 2010}}</ref> The formal design process of the Santa Cruz campus began in the late 1950s, culminating in the Long Range Development Plan of 1963.<ref name="1963 LRDP">{{cite web
| title = Long Range Development Plan, University of California Santa Cruz
| publisher = UC Santa Cruz Campus Planning Committee
| date = October 21, 1963
| url = http://ppc.ucsc.edu/cp/planning/1963_lrdp.pdf | format = PDF
| accessdate =February 19, 2010}}</ref> Construction had started by 1964, and the University was able to accommodate its first students (albeit living in trailers on what is now the East Field athletic area) in 1965. The campus was intended to be a showcase for contemporary architecture, progressive teaching methods, and undergraduate research.<ref name="UC Regents history">{{cite web
| title = Santa Cruz: Historical Overview
| work = University of California History Digital Archives
| publisher = Regents of the University of California
| date = June 18, 2004
| url = http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/~ucalhist/general_history/campuses/ucsc/overview.html
| accessdate =February 19, 2010}}</ref><ref name="Stadtman">{{Cite book
| last = Stadtman | first = Verne A.
| title = The Centennial Record of the University of California, 1868–1968
| publisher = Regents of the University of California | year = 1967
| url = http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=hb4v19n9zb&brand=calisphere
| chapter = Santa Cruz | pages= 503–504
| chapterurl = http://content.cdlib.org/xtf/view?docId=hb4v19n9zb&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=div01036&toc.depth=1&toc.id=div01036&brand=calisphere | accessdate =February 19, 2010}}</ref><ref name="Burchyns 45 years">{{Cite news
| last = Burchyns | first = Tony
| title = It's been 45 years since UCSC was founded – and Santa Cruz was irrecoverably changed
| newspaper = Santa Cruz Sentinel
| publisher = MediaNews Group
| date = June 25, 2006
| url = http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=39666
| accessdate =February 19, 2010}}</ref> According to founding chancellor [[Dean McHenry]], the purpose of the distributed college system was to combine the benefits of a major [[research university]] with the intimacy of a smaller college.<ref name="Burns">{{Cite journal
| last = Burns | first = Jim
| title = Dean E. McHenry, founding chancellor of UC Santa Cruz, dies at 87
| magazine = Currents
| volume = 2
| issue = 30
| publisher = University of California Santa Cruz
| date = March 17, 1998
| url = http://www.ucsc.edu/oncampus/currents/97-98/03-23/release.htm
| accessdate =February 19, 2010}}</ref><ref name="Burchyns future">{{Cite news
| last = Burchyns | first = Tony
| title = Unlike its nondescript past, UC Santa Cruz's future takes center stage
| newspaper = Santa Cruz Sentinel | publisher = MediaNews Group
| date = July 2, 2006 | url = http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=39839
| accessdate =February 19, 2010}}</ref> UC President [[Clark Kerr]] shared a passion with former [[Stanford]] roommate McHenry to build a university modeled as "several [[Swarthmore College|Swarthmores]]" (i.e., small [[liberal arts college]]s) in close proximity to each other.<ref name="Burns"/><ref>{{Cite book
| last = Kerr | first = Clark
| title = The Gold and the Blue: A Personal Memoir of the University of California, 1949–1967 Volume I: Academic Triumphs
| publisher = University of California Press
| year = 2001 | page = 261
| url = http://books.google.com/?id=jMEZ_47vXkAC
| isbn = 978-0-520-22367-7 |oclc= 46240365 |accessdate=February 19, 2010}}</ref> Roads on campus were named after [[Regents of the University of California|UC Regents]] who voted in favor of building the campus.

[[Image:UCSC McHenry Library.jpg|thumb|left|McHenry Library]]

===Impact on Santa Cruz===
Although the city of [[Santa Cruz, California|Santa Cruz]] already exhibited a strong [[conservation ethic]] before the founding of the university, the coincidental rise of the [[counterculture of the 1960s]] with the university's establishment fundamentally altered its subsequent development. Early student and faculty activism at UCSC pioneered an approach to environmentalism that greatly impacted the industrial development of the surrounding area.<ref>
{{Cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=27810
|title=35 years later, students’ environmental report seems prescient
|newspaper=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=February 3, 2008
|last=Seals
|first=Brian
|date=July 10, 2005
}}
</ref> The lowering of the voting age to 18 in 1971 led to the emergence of a powerful student-voting bloc.<ref name="Burchins3">
{{Cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=40020
|title=1980s ushered in discussion of UCSC expansion that continues today
|newspaper=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=February 2, 2008
|date=July 9, 2006
|last=Burchyns
|first=Tony
}}
</ref> A large and growing population of politically [[progressivism|liberal]] UCSC [[alumnus|alumni]] changed the electorate of the town from predominantly [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]<ref>
{{Cite news
|last=Honig
|first=Tom
|title=Santa Cruz was once Reagan country
|date=June 4, 2004
|newspaper=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|url=
}}
</ref>
to markedly [[Left-wing politics|left-leaning]], consistently voting against expansion measures on the part of both [[town and gown]]. [[Mike Rotkin]], UCSC alumnus, lecturer in [[Community studies|Community Studies]], and self-described '[[socialist feminism|socialist-feminist]],' has served as Mayor of Santa Cruz several times.
{| cellpadding=3 cellspacing=6 style="float:right; margin:5px; border:3px solid;"
! style="width: 40px; height: 40px; background: #285991; text-align: center; font-size: 24pt; color: #FFDF82;" |'''UCSC'''
! style="background:white;"| '''Chancellors'''
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| <timeline>
# All measures all in pixels
ImageSize = width:170 height:570
PlotArea = width: 26 height:500 left:40 bottom:65
AlignBars = early

DateFormat = yyyy
Period = from:1960 till:2009
TimeAxis = orientation:vertical
ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:1960

# there is no automatic collision detection,
# so shift texts up or down manually to avoid overlap

Define $dx = 25 # shift text to right side of bar

Legend = columns:2 left:20 top:40 columnwidth:100

Colors =
id:invested value:rgb(0.16,0.35,0.57) legend:Invested
id:acting value:rgb(1,0.87,0.51) legend:Acting

PlotData=
bar:Leaders width:25 mark:(line,white) align:left fontsize:S
from:1961 till:1974 shift:($dx,-3) color:Invested text:[[Dean McHenry]]
from:1974 till:1976 shift:($dx,-3) color:Invested text:Mark Christensen
from:1976 till:1977 shift:($dx,-3) color:Invested text:Angus Taylor
from:1977 till:1987 shift:($dx,-3) color:Invested text:Robert Sinsheimer
from:1987 till:1991 shift:($dx,-3) color:Invested text:Robert Stevens
from:1991 till:1996 shift:($dx,-3) color:Invested text:Karl Pister
from:1996 till:2004 shift:($dx,-5) color:Invested text:M.R.C. Greenwood
from:2004 till:2005 shift:($dx,-5) color:Acting text:Martin Chemers
from:2005 till:2006 shift:($dx,-5) color:Invested text:[[Denice Denton]] †
from:2006 till:end shift:($dx,+1) color:Invested text:[[George Blumenthal]]

</timeline>
::†Died in office
|}

===Expansion plans===
{{main|Long Range Development Plan (UCSC)}}
[[Long Range Development Plan (UCSC)|Plans]] for increasing enrollment over the next 14 years to 19,500 students, adding 1,500 faculty and staff, and, secondarily the anticipated environmental impacts of such action encountered opposition from the city, the local community, and the student body.<ref>{{Cite news | last=Marshall | first=Carolyn | title=As College Grows, a City Is Asking, ‘Who Will Pay?’ | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/19/us/19campus.html | date=January 27, 2007 | newspaper=[[New York Times]] | accessdate=January 16, 2008}}</ref><ref>
{{Cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=40191
|title=Tie-dyed philosophy majors of the past make way for pencil-protected science majors
|newspaper=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=February 2, 2008
|date=July 16, 2006
|last=Burchyns
|first=Tony
}}
</ref> City voters in 2006 passed two measures calling on UCSC to pay for the impacts of campus growth. A Santa Cruz Superior Court judge invalidated the measures, ruling they were improperly put on the ballot. In 2008, the university, city, county and neighborhood organizations reached an agreement to set aside numerous lawsuits and allow the expansion to occur. UCSC agreed to local government scrutiny of its north campus expansion plans, to provide housing for 67 percent of the additional students on campus, and to pay municipal development and water fees.<ref name="bookwalter">{{cite news|url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_10150203|title=Suits over UCSC growth settled: City, county, neighbors reach deal; university agrees to concessions over roads, water and housing|last=Bookwalter|first=Genevieve|date=August 9, 2008|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]|accessdate=September 18, 2008}}</ref>

George Blumenthal, UCSC's 10th Chancellor, intends to mitigate growth constraints in Santa Cruz by developing off-campus sites in [[Silicon Valley]]. The [[NASA Ames Research Center]] campus is planned to ultimately hold 2,000 UCSC students – about 10% of the entire university's future student body as envisioned for 2020.<ref>{{cite news | last= Krieger | first= Lisa M. | title= Think of UCSC as UC-Silicon Valley, new chancellor says | url= http://www.mercurynews.com/ci_7044109 | publisher= [[Mercury News]] | date= September 30, 2007 | accessdate=October 28, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last=Mills | first=Kay | title=Changes at "Oxford on the Pacific," UC Santa Cruz turns to engineering and technology | url=http://www.highereducation.org/crosstalk/ct0401/news0401-changesoxfordpacific.shtml | journal=National Crosstalk | publisher=National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education | volume=9 | date=Spring, 2001 | accessdate=January 28, 2008 | issue=2}}</ref>

In April 2010, UC Santa Cruz opened its new $35 million Digital Arts Research Center; a project in planning since 2004.<ref>
{{cite web
| url = http://www.mercurynews.com/breaking-news/ci_14986867?nclick_check=1
| title = UCSC cuts ribbon on $35 million digital arts building
| author = Megha Satyanarayana
| date = April 29, 2010
| accessdate =May 3, 2010
| publisher = San Jose Mercury News
}}
</ref>

==Campus==
[[Image:UCSC & Santa Cruz Aerial view.jpg|thumb|left|UCSC & Santa Cruz aerial view. The Great Meadow is the undeveloped area between city and university]]
The {{convert|6088|acre|ha|adj=on}} UCSC campus is located {{convert|75|mi|km}} south of San Francisco, in the Ben Lomond Mountain ridge of the [[Santa Cruz Mountains]]. Elevation varies from {{convert|285|ft|m}} at the campus entrance to {{convert|1195|ft|m}} at the northern boundary, a difference of about {{convert|900|ft|m}}. The southern portion of the campus primarily consists of a large, open [[meadow]], locally known as the Great Meadow. To the north of the meadow lie most of the campus' buildings, many of them among [[Sequoia sempervirens|redwood]] groves. The campus is bounded on the south by the city's upper-west-side neighborhoods, on the east by Harvey West Park<ref>
{{cite web
|title=Parks and Recreation – Harvey West Park
|url=http://www.santacruzparksandrec.com/parks/harvey.html
|accessdate=May 4, 2006
}}
</ref>
and the [[Pogonip (park)|Pogonip open space preserve]],<ref>
{{cite web
|title=Parks and Recreation – Pogonip
|url=http://www.santacruzparksandrec.com/parks/pogo.html
|accessdate=May 4, 2006
}}
</ref> on the north by [[Henry Cowell Redwoods State Park]]<ref>
{{cite web
|title=Henry Cowell Redwoods SP
|url=http://www.parks.ca.gov/default.asp?page_id=546
|accessdate=May 4, 2006
}}
</ref>
near the town of [[Felton, California|Felton]], and on the west by [[Gray Whale Ranch]], a portion of [[Wilder Ranch State Park]].<ref>
{{cite web
|title=Wilder Ranch SP
|url=http://www.parks.ca.gov/default.asp?page_id=549
|accessdate=May 4, 2006
}}
</ref>
The campus is built on a portion of the [[Cowell Lime Works|Cowell Family ranch]], which was purchased by the University of California in 1961.<ref>
{{Cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=11341
|title=The original City on a Hill
|newspaper=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=February 5, 2008
|last=Redfern
|first=Cathy
|date=September 2, 2001
}}
</ref> The northern half of the campus property has remained in its undeveloped, forested state apart from fire roads and hiking and bicycle trails. The heavily-forested area has allowed UC Santa Cruz to operate a [[RV park|recreational vehicle park]] as a form of student housing.<ref>
{{cite web
| title=UC Santa Cruz – University Family Student Housing
| url=http://www.housing.ucsc.edu/sponsored-housing/rv-index.html
| accessdate=October 27, 2006
}}
</ref>

[[Image:Bridge across ravine at UCSC.jpg|thumb|left|Bridge across ravine.]]
A number of [[shrines]], dens and other student-built curiosities are scattered around the northern campus. These structures, mostly assembled from branches and other forest detritus, were formerly concentrated in the area known as Elfland, a glen the University razed in 1992 to build colleges Nine and Ten. Students were able to relocate and save some of the structures, however.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_8888134
|title='An Unnatural History of UCSC' traces the evolution of a magical campus setting – Santa Cruz Sentinel
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=April 13, 2008
|accessdate=April 12, 2008
|last=Baine
|first=Wallace
}}
</ref><ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CEEDF173AF931A25752C0A964958260
|title=CAMPUS LIFE: California, Santa Cruz; Redwood Haven Inspires Battle Over an Elfland
|work=New York Times
|date=January 12, 1992
|accessdate=April 12, 2008
}}
</ref>

Creeks traverse the UCSC campus within several ravines. Footbridges span those ravines on pedestrian paths linking various areas of campus. The footbridges make it possible to walk to any part of campus within 20 minutes in spite of the campus being built on a mountainside with varying elevations.<ref>{{cite web | title=UCSC Walking Map | url=http://maps.ucsc.edu/cdwalkingmap.html |accessdate=March 15, 2011}} {{Dead link|date=April 2012|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> At night, orange lights illuminate the occasionally fogged-in paths.<ref>{{cite web | title=Flickr: Oaks Path Night | url=http://www.flickr.com/photos/exitfromreality/55520898/ |accessdate=March 15, 2011}}</ref>

There are a number of natural points of interest throughout the UCSC grounds. The "Porter Caves" are a popular site among students on the west side of campus. The entrance is located in the forest between the [[Porter College]] meadow and Empire Grade Road. The caves wind through a set of caverns, some of which are challenging, narrow passages. Tree Nine is another popular destination for students. A large [[Douglas Fir]] spanning approximately {{convert|103|ft|m}} tall, Tree Nine is located in the upper campus of UCSC behind [[College Nine]]. The tree had been a popular climbing spot for many years but due to environmental corrosion and fear of student injuries, UC ground services sawed off the limbs to make it nearly impossible to climb.<ref>Tovin Lapan, [http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_16240649 "UCSC attempts to stop students from climbing campus favorite 'Tree Nine' "] ' 'Santa Cruz Sentinel' ' , October 3, 2010</ref> For specific directions, reference: [http://www.wikihow.com/Find-Tree-Nine-at-the-University-of-California-in-Santa-Cruz directions to Tree Nine] For the less experienced tree-climber, students also frequent Sunset Tree located on the east side of the meadow behind the UCSC Music Center.<ref>
[http://www.es.ucsc.edu/%7Ees10/fieldtripUCSC/index.html UCSC campus map showing cave location], [http://www.es.ucsc.edu/%7Ees10/fieldtripUCSC/cave.html Empire Cave]. Retrieved October 27, 2006.</ref>

The UCSC campus is also one of the few homes to [[Mima Mounds]] in the United States. They are extremely rare in the United States and in the world in general.
{{-}}
{{wide image|Panorama of Great Meadow, UCSC.jpg|1250px|<div class="center">|Panorama of Great Meadow.</div>}}

==Academics==
The university offers 63 undergraduate majors and 35 minors, with graduate programs in 33 fields.<ref>
{{cite web
|title=UC Santa Cruz – Academic Programs
|url=http://www.ucsc.edu/academics/
|accessdate=May 27, 2009
}}
</ref>
Popular undergraduate majors include Art, [[Business management|Business Management Economics]], [[Molecular biology|Molecular and Cell Biology]], and [[Psychology]].<ref>
{{cite web
|title=University of California, Santa Cruz (Statistics)
|work=The Princeton Review
|url=http://www.princetonreview.com/college/research/profiles/academics.asp?listing=1023551&ltid=1&intbucketid=
|accessdate=June 29, 2006
}} (Note: Registration required)
</ref>
Interdisciplinary programs, such as Feminist Studies, American Studies, [[Environmental studies|Environmental Studies]], Visual Studies, Digital Arts and New Media, and the unique [[History of Consciousness]] Department are also hosted alongside UCSC's more traditional academic departments.

In an effort to cut $13 million, as required by the University of California office of the President and Board of Regents in a decision to cut 10% from the budget of each campus, UCSC nearly eliminated its longstanding and sometimes controversial undergraduate major Community Studies in 2009. The interdisciplinary major continues to be offered, though cuts to department staff raised concern by students that the curriculum has already been seriously damaged. Community Studies and other majors within the Social Sciences division, including some graduate programs, remain threatened by more cuts expected in the near future.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_12295850|title=Community Studies takes first cuts: UCSC staffers get pink slips in wake of $13 million deficit|last=Bookwalter|first=Genevieve|date=May 5, 2009|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]|accessdate=May 24, 2009}}</ref>
[[Image:UCSC farm rows.jpg|right|thumb|Organic farm rows]]
[[Image:BaskEng1Eng2Plza.JPG|right|thumb|Baskin Engineering Plaza]]

===Research===
Although designed as a liberal arts-oriented university, UCSC quickly acquired a graduate-level [[natural science]] research component with the appointment of plant physiologist [[Kenneth V. Thimann]] as the first provost of [[Crown College, University of California, Santa Cruz|Crown College]]. Thimann developed UCSC's early Division of Natural Sciences and recruited other well-known science faculty and graduate students to the fledgling campus.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://library.ucsc.edu/library/reg-hist/thimann.pdf|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20060714160609/http://library.ucsc.edu/library/reg-hist/thimann.pdf|archivedate=July 14, 2006|title=Kenneth V. Thimann: Early UCSC History and the Founding of Crown College|last=Jarrell|first=Randall|year=1997|work=Regional History Project|publisher=University of California, Santa Cruz|pages=11–34|accessdate=May 14, 2009}}</ref> Immediately upon its founding, UCSC was also granted administrative responsibility for the [[Lick Observatory]], which established the campus as a major center for [[astronomy]] research.<ref name="Clark">{{cite web|url=http://library.ucsc.edu/reg-hist/clark|title=Donald T. Clark: Early UCSC History and the Founding of the University Library|last=Jarell|first=Randall|year=1993|work=Regional History Project|publisher=University of California, Santa Cruz|pages=76–81|accessdate=May 14, 2009}}</ref> Founding members of the Social Science and Humanities faculty created the unique [[History of Consciousness]] graduate program in UCSC's first year of operation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://library.ucsc.edu/reg-hist/McHenryvolume2.pdf|title=Dean E. McHenry: Founding Chancellor of the University of California, Santa Cruz, Volume II: The University of California, Santa Cruz: Its Origins, Architecture, Academic Planning, and Early Faculty Appointments, 1958–1968|last=Calciano|first=Elizabeth Spelding|year=1974|work=Regional History Project|publisher=University of California, Santa Cruz|pages=298–305|accessdate=May 15, 2009}}</ref>

UCSC's [[Center for Agroecology & Sustainable Food Systems|organic farm and garden program]] is the oldest in the country, and pioneered [[organic horticulture]] techniques internationally.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=28428
|title=Country’s oldest organic school hails from UC Santa Cruz
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=February 8, 2008
|last=Ragan
|first=Tom
|date=July 31, 2005
}}
</ref><ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=20436
|title=Apprentices spread UC farm techniques far and wide
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=February 8, 2008
|last=Kreiger
|first=Kathy
|date=October 10, 2002
}}
</ref>

{{As of|2009}}, UCSC's faculty and emeriti include 13 members of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]], 20 members of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences|Academy of Arts and Sciences]], and 28 members of the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]].<ref name="overview" /> The young [[Baskin School of Engineering]], UCSC's first professional school and home to the [[Expressive Intelligence Studio]], and the Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbse.ucsc.edu/|title=Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering|publisher=University of California|accessdate=February 20, 2010|location=Santa Cruz}}</ref> are gaining recognition, as has the work that UCSC researchers [[David Haussler]] and [[Jim Kent]] have done on the [[Human Genome Project]],<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2000/07/07/MN28840.DTL
|title=UC Santa Cruz Puts Human Genome Online, Programming wizard does job in 4 weeks
|work=San Francisco Chronicle
|date=August 7, 2000
|accessdate=February 4, 2008
|last=Abate
|first=Tom
}}
</ref><ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F06E4DE1E31F930A25751C0A9679C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=1
|title=Reading the book of life; Grad Student Becomes Gene Effort's Unlikely Hero
|work=New York Times
|date=February 13, 2001
|accessdate=April 15, 2008
|last=Wade
|first=Nickolas
}}
</ref> including the widely used [[UCSC Genome Browser]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://genome.ucsc.edu/|title=UCSC Genome Browser|publisher=University of California|accessdate=February 20, 2010|location=Santa Cruz}}</ref> UCSC administers the [[National Science Foundation]]'s Center for Adaptive Optics.<ref name="CAO">{{cite web|url=http://cfao.ucolick.org|title=Center for Adaptive Optics|publisher=[[University of California]]|accessdate=February 20, 2010|location=Santa Cruz}}</ref>

Off-campus research facilities maintained by UCSC include the [[Lick Observatory|Lick]] and [[W. M. Keck Observatory|Keck]] Observatories and the [[Long Marine Laboratory]]. In September 2003, a ten-year task order contract valued at more than $330 million was awarded by [[NASA Ames Research Center]] to the University of California to establish and operate a University Affiliated Research System (UARC). UCSC manages the UARC for the University of California.<ref>
{{cite web
|title=UARC – Index
|url=http://uarc.arc.nasa.gov
|accessdate=May 4, 2006
}}
</ref>

===Rankings===
{{Infobox US university ranking
| ARWU_W = 101-150
| ARWU_N = 53-67
| BW =
| EC =
| FT =
| GUR =
| THES_W = 136
| THES_N =
| USNWR_NU = 86
| CGC_NU =
| Wamo_NU = 67
| WSJ =
| Forbes = 159
| QS_W = 307
| URAP =
}}
UC Santa Cruz was 86th in the list of Best National Universities in the United States by ''[[US News & World Report]]'''s 2014 rankings.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/rankings/national-universities/spp%2B50/page+2 |title= America's Best Colleges 2014: National University Rankings |publisher=''US News & World Report''}}</ref> In 2013 ''[[Kiplinger]]'' ranked UC Santa Cruz 54th out of the top 100 best-value public colleges and universities in the nation, and 8th in California.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.kiplinger.com/tool/college/T014-S001-kiplinger-s-best-values-in-public-colleges/index.php |work=[[Kiplinger's Personal Finance|Kiplinger]] |title=Kiplinger's Best Values in Public Colleges |date=2013-01-15}}</ref> In 2012, it was ranked 67th best by ''[[Washington Monthly]]''.<ref name="The Washington Monthly ranking">{{cite web|url=http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/college_guide/rankings_2012/national_university_state.php|title=Washington Monthly ranking|accessdate=November 12, 2012}}</ref> In 2013–2014, UC Santa Cruz was rated 136th in the world by [[Times Higher Education World University Rankings|''Times Higher Education'' World University Rankings]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/2013-14/world-ranking |title=World University Rankings 2013-2014 |publisher=Times Higher Education}}</ref> In 2013 it was placed in the #101-150 tier of best universities in the world by the [[Academic Ranking of World Universities]]<ref name="Academic Ranking of World Universities - 2013">{{cite web |url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/ARWU2013.html |title=Academic Ranking of World Universities - 2013}}</ref> and 307th worldwide by the ''[[QS World University Rankings]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2012?page=12 |title=''QS World University Rankings''-2013 |publisher=Quacquarelli Symonds}}</ref>

In 2009, RePEc, an online database of research economics articles, ranked the UCSC Economics Department sixth in the world in the field of international finance.<ref>
{{cite web
| title=Economics web site ranks UCSC sixth in the world for research on international finance
| url=http://www.ucsc.edu/news_events/text.asp?pid=3363
| accessdate=November 12, 2009
}}
</ref>
In 2007, ''High Times'' magazine placed UCSC as first among US universities as a "counterculture college."<ref>
{{cite web
| title=UCSC ranked 1st in High Times 2007
| url=http://hightimes.com/news/ht_admin/3637
| accessdate=October 14, 2008
}}
</ref>
In 2009, ''[[The Princeton Review]]'' (with ''[[Gamepro]]'' magazine) ranked UC Santa Cruz's Game Design major among the top 50 in the country.<ref>
{{cite web
| title=UCSC ranked in top 50 for Game Design
| url=http://www.princetonreview.com/game-design.aspx
| accessdate=November 5, 2010
}}
</ref>
In 2011, ''The Princeton Review'' and ''Gamepro Media'' ranked UC Santa Cruz's graduate programs in Game Design as seventh in the nation.<ref>
{{cite web
| title=Top Graduate Schools for Video Game Design 2011
| url=http://www.princetonreview.com/top-graduate-schools-for-video-game-design.aspx
}}
</ref>
In 2012, UCSC was ranked No. 3 in the Most Beautiful Campus list of ''Princeton Review''.<ref>Franek, Robert. The Best 376 Colleges, 2012 Edition. The Princeton Review. Print.</ref>

==Residential colleges==
[[Image:BaskEng1Entr.JPG|thumb|Approaching Baskin Engineering from McLaughlin Drive]]
The undergraduate program, with only the partial exception of those majors run through the University's School of Engineering, is still based on the version of the "[[residential college|residential college system]]" outlined by Clark Kerr and Dean McHenry at the inception of their original plans for the campus (see [[University of California, Santa Cruz#History|History]], above). Upon admission, all undergraduate students have the opportunity to choose one of ten colleges, with which they usually stay affiliated for their entire undergraduate careers.<ref name="collegesection">
{{cite web
|title=UCSC General Catalog 2004–2006 (The Colleges section)
|accessdate=June 29, 2006
|url=http://reg.ucsc.edu/catalog/html/04_06colleges.htm
|archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20060627051850/http://reg.ucsc.edu/catalog/html/04_06colleges.htm  |archivedate = June 27, 2006}}
</ref>
There are cases where some students switch college affiliations as each college holds a different graduation ceremony.
Almost all faculty members are affiliated with a college as well.<ref name="collegesection"/>
The individual colleges provide housing and dining services, while the university as a whole offers courses and majors to the general student community.<ref name="collegesection"/> Other universities with similar college systems include [[Rice University]] and the [[University of California, San Diego]].

Each of the colleges has its own, distinctive architectural style and a resident faculty [[provost (education)|provost]], who is the nominal head of his or her college.<ref name="collegesection"/> An incoming first-year student will take a mandatory "core course" within his or her respective college, with a curriculum and central theme unique to that college.<ref name="collegesection"/> College resident populations vary from about 750 to 1,550 students, with roughly half of undergraduates living on campus within their college community or in smaller, intramural campus communities such as the International Living Center, the Trailer Park, and the Village.<ref name="collegesection"/> Coursework, academic majors and general areas of study are not limited by college membership, although colleges host the offices of many academic departments. Graduate students are not affiliated with a residential college, though a large portion of their offices, too, have historically tended to be based in the colleges. The ten colleges are, in order of establishment:

<div class="center"><gallery caption="The Residential Colleges" widths="" heights="" perrow="5">
Image:Cowell College.jpg|<center>[[Cowell College]]</center>
Image:Stevenson College.jpg|<center>[[Stevenson College (University of California, Santa Cruz)|Stevenson College]]
Image:Clock tower, crown college, ucsc.jpg|<center>[[Crown College, University of California, Santa Cruz|Crown College]]</center>
Image:Merrill_College.jpg|<center>[[Merrill College]]</center>
Image:Porter College, entrance, UCSC.jpg|<center>[[Porter College]]</center>
Image:KresgeApartmentsandLaundry.JPG|<center>[[Kresge College]]</center>
File:Oakes College 1.jpg|<center>[[Oakes College]]</center>
File:UCSC College Eight.jpg|<center>[[College Eight]]</center>
Image:College 9.jpg|<center>[[College Nine]]</center>
Image:College 10.jpg|<center>[[College Ten]]</center>
</center>
</gallery></div>

===Admissions, enrollment and retention===
{|style= "float:right; text-align:center; font-size:85%; margin:auto;" class="wikitable"
|+ ''First-Time Enrolled Freshman Profile''<ref>[http://planning.ucsc.edu/irps/ugAdmissions.asp UC Santa Cruz - Institutional Research & Policy Studies - Office of Planning and Budget]. Planning.ucsc.edu. Retrieved July 21, 2013.</ref><ref>[http://planning.ucsc.edu/irps/studentCharacteristics.asp#Academic1213 UC Santa Cruz - Institutional Research & Policy Studies - Office of Planning and Budget]. Planning.ucsc.edu. Retrieved July 21, 2013.</ref><ref name="planning.ucsc.edu">http://planning.ucsc.edu/irps/StudentCharacteristics/2012-13/HS_GPA_and_Transfer_GPA_of_New_Frosh_and_Transfers_by_Gender.pdf</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://planning.ucsc.edu/portrait/docs/ucsc_profile.pdf |title=UC Santa Cruz Profile - 2011; p.2 |publisher=UC Santa Cruz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.ucsc.edu/2013/04/admits-fall13.html |title=Fall 2013 freshman class at UC Santa Cruz is one of the most selective |publisher=UC Santa Cruz |date=18 April 2013}}</ref>
! !! 2013 (preliminary)!! 2012 !! 2011 !! 2010 !! 2009

|-
! Freshman Applicants
| 38,515 || 33,148 || 28,236 || 27,658 || 27,249
|-
! Admitted
| 18,703 ||20,142 ||19,228 || 17,843 || 17,490
|-
! % Admitted
| <center>48.6</center> ||<center>60.8</center> || <center>68.1</center> || <center>64.5</center> || <center>64.2</center>
|-
! Enrollment
| <center><center/> ||<center>3,826<center/> || <center>3,606<center/> || <center>3,291<center/> || <center>3,644<center/>
|-
! Average GPA
| <center><center> || <center>3.59<center/> ||<center>3.59<center/> || <center>3.61<center/> || <center>3.61<center/>
|-
! Average SAT (out of 2400)
| <center><center/> || <center>1639<center/> || <center>1699<center/> || <center>1694<center/> || <center>1719<center/>
|}

For the fall 2012 term, UCSC offered admission to 20,142 freshmen out of 33,148 applicants, an acceptance rate of 60.8%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/campuses/santa-cruz/freshman-profile/index.html|title=Freshman Admission Profile.|accessdate=November 12, 2012}}</ref> The Fall 2012 entering freshman class had an average high school GPA of 3.59,<ref name="planning.ucsc.edu"/> an average ACT Composite score of 26,{{citation needed|date=February 2013}} and an average combined SAT score of 1639.<ref>http://planning.ucsc.edu/irps/StudentCharacteristics/2012-13/SAT_scores_of_New_Frosh_by_Gender.pdf</ref>
UCSC hopes to contain the entering class to about 3,700 students.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=75972
|title=UCSC offers record admissions, but plans to hold enrollment
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=April 15, 2008
|last=Brown
|first=J.M.
|date=April 15, 2008
}}
</ref>
In the school year 2010-11, UCSC enrolled 16,451 undergraduates and 1,452 graduate and postgraduate students, for a student body total of 17,903.<ref name="stats">
{{cite web
|title=UC Santa Cruz – Facts & Figures
|url=http://www.ucsc.edu/about/facts-figures.html
|accessdate=November 12, 2012
}}
</ref>
In general, graduation and retention rates are above national averages but below the mean among UC campuses. Among students who entered in 1999, 70% graduated within six years, ten percentage points below the UC average. Earlier statistics show that the six-year graduation rate is above the mean for both NCAA Division I schools and a sample of major universities throughout the United States.<ref>
{{cite web
|title=UC Santa Cruz – Retention & Graduation
|url=http://planning.ucsc.edu/retention/
|accessdate=June 28, 2006
}}
</ref>
About half of graduates pursue further education, and 13 percent proceed to advanced degree programs within six months of graduation.<ref>
{{cite web
|title=UC Santa Cruz – WASC Accreditation Process
|url=http://planning.ucsc.edu/wasc/EEReview/UGeduc.htm
|accessdate=June 28, 2006
}}
</ref>

===Grading===
For most of its history, UCSC employed a unique [[Grading in the United States|student evaluation]] system. With the exception of the choice of letter grades in science courses the only [[grade (education)|grades]] assigned were "pass" and "no record", supplemented with [[narrative evaluation]]s. Beginning in 1997, UCSC allowed students the option of selecting letter grade evaluations, but course grades were still optional until 2000, when faculty voted to require students receive letter grades. Students were still given narrative evaluations to complement the letter grades. {{As of|2010}}, the narrative evaluations were deemed an unnecessary expenditure. Still, some professors write evaluations for all students while some would write evaluations for specific students upon request.<ref>
{{Cite news
|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2000/02/24/MN88561.DTL
|title=UC Santa Cruz To Start Using Letter Grades
|newspaper=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]
|accessdate=February 2, 2008
|last=Schevitz
|first=Tanya
|date=February 24, 2000
}}
</ref> Students can still elect to receive a "pass/no pass" grade, but many academic programs limit or even forbid pass/no pass grading. A grade of C and above would receive a grade of "pass". Overall, students may now earn no more than 25% of their UCSC credits on a "pass/no pass" basis. Although the default grading option for almost all courses offered is now "graded", most course grades are still accompanied by written evaluations.<ref>
{{cite web
|title=UCSC Discover – Academics
|url=http://admissions.ucsc.edu/discover/faq/academics.cfm
|accessdate=June 29, 2006
|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20060619125820/http://admissions.ucsc.edu/discover/faq/academics.cfm 
|archivedate=June 19, 2006
}}
</ref>

==Library==
[[Image:McHenry Library stacks, University of California Santa Cruz.jpg|thumb|McHenry Library stacks]]
The [[McHenry Library]] houses UCSC's arts and letters collection, with most of the scientific reading at the newer Science and Engineering Library. The McHenry Library was designed by [[John Carl Warnecke]].<ref name="Clark"/> In addition, the colleges host smaller libraries, which serve as quiet places to study. The McHenry Special Collections Library includes the archives of [[Robert A. Heinlein]], the largest collection of [[Edward Weston]] photographs in the country, the [[mycology]] book collection of composer [[John Cage]], a large collection of works by [[Satyajit Ray]], the [[Hayden White]] collection of 16th century Italian printing, a photography collection with nearly half a million items, and the Mary Lea Shane Archive. The latter contains an extensive collection of photographs, letters, and other documents related to [[Lick Observatory]] dating back to 1870.<ref>
{{cite web
|title=UCSC Special Collections—Introduction
|url=http://library.ucsc.edu/speccoll/collections/collections_intro.html
|accessdate=May 4, 2006
}}
</ref>

A {{convert|82000|sqft|m2|sing=on}} new addition to the library opened on March 31, 2008, including a "cyber study" room and a Global Village café. The original {{convert|144000|sqft|m2|sing=on}} library reopened on June 22, 2011 after seismic upgrades and other renovations.<ref>{{cite web | title=A library for the 21st century: McHenry turns a page | url=http://www.ucsc.edu/news_events/text.asp?pid=2474 | accessdate=September 27, 2008}}</ref><ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_9050809
|title=UCSC's McHenry Library gets a facelift steeped in 'green' design principles
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=April 25, 2008
|accessdate=April 25, 2008
|last=Brown
|first=J.M.
}}
</ref>

===Grateful Dead archive===
In 2008, UCSC agreed to house the [[Grateful Dead]] archives at the [[McHenry Library]].<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/24/us/24grateful.html?_r=1&oref=slogin
|title=A Deadhead’s Dream for a Campus Archive
|work=New York Times
|date=April 24, 2008
|accessdate=April 24, 2008
|last=McKinley
|first=Jesse
}}
</ref><ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/04/23/DDML109ACN.DTL
|title=Grateful Dead archives going to UC Santa Cruz
|work=San Francisco Chronicle
|date=April 24, 2008
|accessdate=April 24, 2008
|last=McMahon
|first=Regan
}}
</ref> UCSC plans to devote an entire room at the library, to be called "Dead Central," to display the collection and encourage research.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_9036864
|title=Slugs and Roses: Grateful Dead to donate memorabilia to UC Santa Cruz archives
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=April 24, 2008
|accessdate=April 24, 2008
|last=Brown
|first=J.M.
}}
</ref> UCSC beat out petitions from Stanford and UC Berkeley to house the archives. Grateful Dead guitarist [[Bob Weir]] said that UCSC is "a seat of neo-Bohemian culture that we're a facet of. There could not have been a cozier place for this collection to land."<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_9050818
|title=Grateful Dead says UC Santa Cruz proposed sweetest deal to store archives
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=April 25, 2008
|accessdate=April 25, 2008
|last=Brown
|first=J.M.
}}
</ref> Silicon Valley entrepreneurs and Dead fans [[Roger McNamee]] and [[Bill Watkins (Seagate)|Bill Watkins]] are expected to join a committee to oversee and raise funds for the project.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB120898412777739385.html
|title=California University Gets 'Grateful Dead' Archive
|work=Wall Street Journal
|accessdate=April 25, 2008
|date=April 24, 2008
|last=Clark
|first=Don
}}
</ref> The archive became open to the public July 29, 2012.

==Student life==
According to a 2002 study of first year students, most students come from [[affluent]] backgrounds and are more likely to identify as [[Liberalism in the United States|liberal]] than the [[Average Joe|national average]].<ref name="CIRP">{{cite web|url=http://planning.ucsc.edu/irps/Enrollmt/FRESH02/CIRP2002%20Alternate.pdf|title=Higher Education Research Institute. (Fall 2002). CIRP Freshman Survey.|accessdate=July 13, 2007|format=PDF}}</ref> The [[median household income]] UCSC students reported for their families of origin was $80,600, roughly 87.5% above the national average in 2002.<ref name="CIRP"/> In terms of political orientation, the student body was far more liberal than the general U.S. population, but more [[centrism|centrist]] than the national average for professors.<ref name="CIRP"/> The majority of respondents, 59%, identified as liberal, 34% as "Middle of the Road" and 8% as [[Conservatism in the United States|conservative]].<ref name="CIRP"/> Though UCSC students come from throughout the United States and the world, a large majority are from California. The following tables show the ethnic and regional breakdown of the student body:
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:400px; float:left;"
|| '''Ethnicity, 2011-12'''<ref>{{cite web | title= Three Quarter Average Undergraduate Student Count by College and Ethnicity | url=http://planning.ucsc.edu/irps/StudentCharacteristics/2011-12/3Qtr_Average_Students_by_College_and_Ethnicity.pdf | publisher= UCSC Office of Institutional Research and Policy Studies |format=PDF}}</ref> ||'''Under- graduates'''
|-
|[[White American]]
| 42.7%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans]]
| 23.5%
|-
|[[Asian American]]
| 20.4%
|-
|Two or More Races
| 4.6%
|-
|[[African American]]
| 2.1%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]]
| 0.5%
|-
|International
| 0.3%
|-
|Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian
| 0.2%
|-
|Unknown
|5.6%
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:300px; margin:auto;"
|-
|| '''Region''' || '''Percent'''
|-
| [[Monterey Bay]] area and [[Silicon Valley]]
| 16.1%
|-
| Other [[San Francisco Bay Area]]
| 31.9%
|-
| Other [[Northern California]]
| 2.5%
|-
| [[Central Valley (California)|Central Valley]] and adjacent areas
| 10.7%
|-
| [[Southern California]]
| 24.7%
|-
| San Diego and desert areas
| 7.7%
|-
| Other US states
| 3.1%
|-
| Foreign
| 0.3%
|-
| Unknown
| 2.9%
|}
{{clear}}

[[Image:SantaCruzUCSC.jpg|thumb|right|Students and others gather to smoke [[cannabis (drug)|cannabis]] at a meadow near [[Porter College]] on April 20, 2007—"[[420 (cannabis culture)|420]] Day".]]
[[Image:Student Union, UCSC.jpg|thumb|Student Union]]
[[Image:Quarry Plaza, UCSC.jpg|thumb|Quarry Plaza]]
[[Image:KZSC.jpg|thumb|KZSC lounge]]

UCSC students are known for political activism. In 2005, a [[The Pentagon|Pentagon]] surveillance program deemed student opposition to [[military recruiter]]s on campus a "credible threat," the only campus [[Antimilitarism|antiwar]] action to receive the designation.<ref>
{{Cite news
|last=Kershaw
|first=Sarah
|title=A Protest, a Spy Program and a Campus in an Uproar
|date=January 14, 2006
|newspaper=[[New York Times]]
|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/14/national/14santacruz.html?ex=1137387600&en=0095f2ec7063c328&ei=5070
|accessdate=January 28, 2008
}}
</ref> In February 2006, Chancellor [[Denice Denton]] got the designation removed.<ref>
{{Cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=36780
|title=Pentagon removes UCSC from 'credible threat' list
|newspaper=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=February 3, 2008
|date=February 11, 2006
|last1=Seals
|first1=Brian
|last2=Dunlap
|first2=Tom
}}
</ref> Military recruiters declined to return to UCSC the following year, but returned in 2008 to a more low-keyed student reception and protests using elements of [[guerrilla theatre]], rather than vandalism or physical violence.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=48054
|title=Military recruiters back out of UC Santa Cruz job fair
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=April 20, 2007
|accessdate=April 27, 2008
|last=Sideman
|first=Roger
}}
</ref><ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_9023663
|title=Anti-war students disrupt career fair at UC Santa Cruz, but military recruiters stick around – Santa Cruz Sentinel
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=April 23, 2008
|accessdate=April 23, 2008
|last=Brown
|first=J.M.
}}
</ref> Thanks to students passing a $3 quarterly tuition increase to support buying renewable energy in 2006, UCSC is the sixth-largest buyer of renewable energy among college campuses nationwide.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_9167525
|title=UCSC sixth-best college for green power
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=May 6, 2008
|accessdate=May 14, 2008
|last=Brown
|first=J.M.
}}
</ref>

UC Santa Cruz is also well known for its [[Cannabis (drug)|cannabis]] culture. On April 20, 2007, approximately 2,000 UCSC students gathered at Porter Meadow to celebrate the annual "[[420 (cannabis culture)|420]]". Students and others openly smoked marijuana while campus police stood by.<ref>
{{Cite news
|title=Thousands at UCSC burn one to mark pot holiday
|newspaper=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=April 24, 2007
|last=King
|first=Matt
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=48183
|deadurl=no |accessdate=October 18, 2013
}}
</ref> The once student-only event has grown since the city of Santa Cruz passed [[Measure K 2006|Measure K]] in 2006, an ordinance making marijuana use a low-priority crime for police. The 2007 event attracted a total of 5,000 participants. The university does not condone the gathering, but has taken steps to regulate the event and ensure security for all participants. On April 20, 2010, the school administration shut down the west entrance to campus and limited the amount of buses that could drive through campus.<ref>
{{Cite news
|title=UCSC takes security measures for '4/20
|date=April 18, 2008
|newspaper=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|last=Brown
|first=J.M.
|url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_8970788
|accessdate=April 18, 2008
}}
</ref><ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_9014404?source=most_viewed
|title=Police: Pot-smoking event in UCSC meadow 'a moral slap in the face
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=April 23, 2008
|date=April 22, 2008
|last=Ragan
|first=Tom
}}
</ref>

Another well known tradition is what is known as "[[First Rain]]". Students run around campus naked or nearly naked to celebrate the school year's first night of heavy rain. The run begins at Porter and proceeds to travel through all the other colleges, finishing with skinny dipping at OPERS swimming pool.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.cityonahillpress.com/2006/10/12/a-naked-run-through-campus/
|title=A Naked Run Through Campus
|work=[[City on a Hill Press]]
|date=October 12, 2006
|accessdate=April 27, 2008
|last=Moersen
|first=Scott
}}
</ref>

===Student government===
The Student Union Assembly was founded in 1985 to better coordinate bargaining positions between students and administration on campus-wide issues.<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://sua.ucsc.edu/
|title=Student Union Assembly
|publisher=UC Santa Cruz
|accessdate=April 2, 2008
}}
</ref> All the residential colleges and six ethnic and gender-based organizations send delegates to SUA.<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://sua.ucsc.edu/orgs.php
|title=Student Union Assembly, Orgs
|publisher=UC Santa Cruz
|accessdate=April 2, 2008
}}
</ref> There is a total of 138 recognized student groups {{As of|2008|lc=y}}.<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.soar.ucsc.edu/organizations.htm
|title=SOAR
|publisher=soar.ucsc.edu
|accessdate=April 2, 2008
}}
</ref>

===Student media===
All Student media organizations are funded by a student council referendum of $3.20 per student per quarter.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=26638
|title=UC Santa Cruz students voice their desires through fee vote
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=May 29, 2005
|accessdate=April 2, 2008
|last=Jondi
|first=Gumz
}}
</ref>
* ''[[City on a Hill Press]]'', a weekly publication that serves as the traditional campus newspaper.
* ''[[Fish Rap Live!]]'', the alternative, comedic paper.
* ''TWANAS'', the Third World and Native American Student Press Collective publishes issues about every quarter for various communities of color at UCSC. Its peak years were during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s.
* ''Student Cable Television (SCTV)'' disbanded at the beginning of the 2010 academic school year. ''On The Spot'' (OTS), replaced the defunct ''SCTV'' organization, continuing the student-run television opportunities. ''On The Spot'' airs on channel 28 only on campus.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=47172
|title=SCTV looks to the future: Students say lights, camera, action
|publisher=scsextra.com
|date=March 18, 2007
|accessdate=April 12, 2008
|last=Blumenfield
|first=Zoe
}}
</ref>
* ''The Moxie Production Group'', which produces content on a quarterly basis.
* ''The Project'', a quarterly paper, for UCSC's radical community.
* ''The Disorientation Guide'', published on sporadic years, introduces new students to UCSC's radical history and various political issues that face the campus and community.<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=42385
|title=UCSC students aim to 'disorient' one another
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=October 8, 2006
|accessdate=April 12, 2008
|last=Sideman
|first=Roger
}}
</ref>
* ''Rapt Magazine'', a quarterly literary and arts magazine.
* ''The Leviathan'', a Jewish student life publication.
* On The Spot, a student-run broadcast media organization, that produces a variety of shows including Press Center Live (Sketch-Comedy), ART (Music videos), and game shows.
* ''[[Banana Slug News]]'', a television broadcast news program.
* ''Chinquapin'', an open-ended creative journal sponsored by the creative writing department.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://chinquapin.ucsc.edu|title=Chinquapin|publisher=University of California|accessdate=February 20, 2010|location=Santa Cruz}}</ref>
* ''Turnstile'', a poetry journal.
* "Gaia Magazine," a magazine about environmental and sustainability subjects that is published once a year.
* ''Red Wheelbarrow'', a "literary arts" journal.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://humanities.ucsc.edu/CWP/publications.html|title=Creative Writing Program Publications|publisher=University of California|accessdate=February 20, 2010|location=Santa Cruz}}</ref>
* ''Matchbox Magazine'', an annual humanities publication, started at UCSC, that operates across many UC campuses.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://matchboxmagazine.com/|title=Matchbox Magazine|publisher=University of California|accessdate=February 20, 2010|location=Santa Cruz}}</ref>
* ''[[KZSC]]'', the student-run campus radio station.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=39706
|title=KZSC Radio turns up the juice — more powerful transmitter being installed
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=June 26, 2006
|accessdate=April 12, 2008
|last=Sideman
|first=Roger
}}
</ref>
* ''Santa Cruz [[Indymedia]]'', a local activist resource with a lot of UCSC content.
* ''The Film Production Coalition'' which produces films on a quarterly basis.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fpc.ucsc.edu/|title=The Film Production Coalition|publisher=University of California|accessdate=February 20, 2010|location=Santa Cruz}}</ref>

===Housing===
Most of the UCSC undergraduate housing is affiliated with one of the ten residential colleges. The residence halls, which include both shared and private rooms, typically house fifteen to twenty students per floor and have common bathrooms and lounge areas. Some halls have coed floors where men and women share bathroom facilities, others have separate bathroom facilities for men and women. Single-gender, gender-neutral and substance-free floors are also available.

All of the colleges, except for Kresge, have both residence halls and apartments. Kresge is all apartments. Apartments are typically shared by four to eight students, have common living/dining rooms, kitchens and bathrooms, and a combination of shared and private bedrooms. Apartments at colleges other than Kresge are generally reserved for students above the freshman level.

In addition to the residential colleges, housing is available at the Village on the lower quarry, populated by continuing, transfer, and graduate students; the University Inn, a remodeled hotel in downtown Santa Cruz that accommodates all students; Redwood Grove, formerly Kresge East, now available to applicants from all colleges; and the University Town Center, also located downtown, that primarily serves international students. Graduate Student Housing is available near Science Hill, and UCSC also offers Family Student Housing units as well as a Camper Park for student-owned trailers and RVs.<ref>{{cite web | title=Student Housing Services |url=http://www.housing.ucsc.edu/shs/index.html | accessdate=April 16, 2008}}</ref>

===Greek life===
UCSC is home to few fraternities and sororities. The first Greek organization on campus, [[Theta Chi]], was given colony status on January 10, 1987 and chartered on October 14, 1989 (designation: Theta Iota). In the beginning, fraternities like [[Theta Chi]] and [[Sigma Alpha Epsilon]] were met with strong opposition from the student body. Student groups like P.A.C. (People's Alternative Community), S.A.G.E. (Students Against Greek Environments), and M.A.C. (Men's Alternative Community) protested the existence of Greek life at the UCSC campus.<ref>[http://oxucsc.com/history.html Oxucsc.com]</ref>

In 2003, the campus gained national recognition when MTV's reality show ''[[Fraternity Life]]'' documented the lives of students pledging Delta Omega Chi. During the shooting, a few of the students fished a 15-year-old koi named Midas out of a pond at Porter College, barbecued it, and ate it. Since the incident was captured on video, the individuals involved were charged with misdemeanor grand theft and vandalism.<ref>[[Fraternity Life#cite note-6]]</ref>

However, since this time, Greek life has flourished at UCSC, making way for fraternities like [[Sigma Lambda Beta]], [[Tau Kappa Epsilon]], [[Sigma Pi]], [[Lambda Phi Epsilon]], [[Sigma Phi Zeta]], [[Alpha Epsilon Pi]], and [[Pi Alpha Phi]]. Sororities on campus include [[Delta Sigma Theta]], [[Sigma Lambda Gamma]], [[Sigma Alpha Epsilon Pi]], [[alpha Kappa Delta Phi]], [[Gamma Phi Beta]], [[Kappa Kappa Gamma]], [[Sigma Pi Alpha]], [[Tri Chi]], [[Sigma Omicron Pi]], [[Kappa Zeta]], [[Alpha Psi]], and [[Lambda Theta Alpha]].

Aside from social fraternities and sororities on campus, there are also a number of professional organizations as well. There are [[Kappa Gamma Delta]],<ref>[http://www.kgdatucsc.org]</ref> a prehealth sorority, [[Sigma Mu Delta]], a prehealth fraternity, [[Alpha Phi Omega]], a coed service fraternity, [[Phi Alpha Delta]], a pre-law fraternity, and [[Delta Sigma Pi]], a co-ed professional business fraternity.<ref>[https://admissions.sa.ucsc.edu/discover/faq/studentlife.cfm Admissions.sa.ucsc.edu]</ref>

The school has also has progressed to include [[Delta Lambda Psi]], the nation's first gender neutral queer Greek organization established in 2005.

The most recent addition to greek at UCSC was established in Fall 2012, Lambda Theta Alpha Latin Sorority Inc. which is an academic based sorority

==Sustainability==
Though UCSC has been known for its conservation efforts and environmentally minded students since it was founded, since 2000, enthusiasm for the UCSC sustainability movement has grown steadily among students and administrators alike. Students established the [http://sec.enviroslug.org/ Student Environmental Center (SEC)] in 2001, have held annual [http://sec.enviroslug.org/earth-summit.html Earth Summits], and established a sustainability funding body, the [http://csc.enviroslug.org/ Campus Sustainability Council]. In 2004, the [http://sustainability.universityofcalifornia.edu/policy.html UC Policy on Sustainable Practices] was released, stating that the [http://www.ucop.edu/ University of California Office of the President] was committed to minimizing its impact on the environment and reducing its dependence on non-renewable energy. This set the scene for huge breakthroughs in 2006, when a [http://sustainability.ucsc.edu/governance/committees/css Committee on Sustainability and Stewardship (CSS)] was established and a campus-wide Sustainability Assessment was completed. The following year, the pilot [http://sustainability.ucsc.edu/ Sustainability Office] was created to help institutionalize sustainability, coordinate communication and collaboration between the many entities already engaged in campus sustainability activities at UCSC, support policy implementation, and serve as a resource for the campus.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of the Sustainability Office|url=http://sustainability.ucsc.edu/about/office/history|work=Sustainability Office|publisher=UCSC Sustainability Office|accessdate=May 21, 2012}}</ref> Sustainability has become a major part of every aspect of the campus, and students, staff, and faculty campus-wide are working toward sustainability in a variety of different ways.

===History===

'''2010-2011'''
* Climate Action Plan moved to the Sustainability Office.
* Campus Sustainability Plan revised and version 1.5 released.
* New Climate Action Manager, Sustainability Internship Coordinator, and Sustainability Coordinator hired, along with near 30 student interns.
* Carbon Fund launched.
* Landfill and Waste Diversion Task Force established in order to achieve Zero Waste by 2020.
* Pilot Sustainability Internship Program (IDEASS), hosts approximately 25-30 interns in for-credit course working on campus and community projects, collaboratively organized with Engineering and Social Sciences.
* Launch of Friends of the Sustainability Office (FoSO), a student organization dedicated to train student leaders and outreach to the campus about sustainability efforts, events, and opportunities.
* Launch of Students for Sustainability through Institutional Transformation and Engagement (SSITE), a student organization that focuses on policy, student professional training, and institutional change.
* Creation of an online Sustainability Project Clearinghouse to document completed, ongoing, and potential sustainability projects and match students with staff and faculty partners.
* Host of 3rd Annual Sustainability Celebration
* Pilot of green office certification program, Program Recognizing Offices Practicing Sustainability (PROPS) completed.
*Host of Inter-organization sustainability retreat, featuring over 80 student leaders.
* Assessed UCSC according to AASHE’s Sustainability Tracking and Rating System (STARS).

'''2009-2010'''
* Release of Campus Sustainability Plan 1.0.
* New Sustainability Internship Coordinator and Climate Action Manager hired, along with 20 student interns.
* Students pass fee measures to fund student engagement with the Sustainability Office and climate protection projects.
* Over $180,000 in grant funding establishes IDEASS, a collaboratively organized campus and community sustainability internship program.
* Host of 2nd Annual Sustainability Celebration and Planning Session.
* Ongoing support for the Committee on Sustainability and Stewardship and eight associated Sustainability Working Groups.
* Chancellor’s Executive Committee on Sustainability and Climate Change established (replacing CCCC).

'''2008-2009'''
* The Sustainability Office receives funding for the years 2009-2012.
* Sustainability Coordinator promoted to Sustainability Manager.
* New Sustainability Coordinator and Sustainability Project Liaison hired, along with 4 student interns.
* Draft Climate Action Plan released.

'''2007-2008'''
* Pilot Sustainability Office moved to Physical Planning and Construction.
* Chancellor’s Council on Climate Change (CCCC) launches with the help of the Sustainability Office.

'''2006-2007'''
* Pilot Sustainability Office established with funding until 2009.
* Sustainability Coordinator hired, along with two student interns.
* Chancellor signs the Climate Action Compact and the American College and University Presidents Climate Commitment.
* UC Policy on Sustainable Practices expanded.
* Green Campus Program, a student internship program for energy efficiency, water conservation, and green jobs development, developed.
* Committee on Sustainability and Stewardship (CSS) established, 2006.
* Campus-wide Sustainability Assessment completed in 2006

'''1965-2006'''
* UC Policy on Sustainable Practices released in 2004.
* [http://sec.enviroslug.org/ Student Environmental Center (SEC)] established in 2001.

===Organizations===
The following is a list of UCSC [[sustainability organizations]], departments, gardens, and funding bodies on the UCSC campus:

* Alliance to Save Energy's Power Save Green Campus Program (formerly known as Green Campus Program)
* Arboretum
* California Student Sustainability Coalition (CSSC)
* Campus Sustainability Council (CSC)
* Campus Sustainability Office
* Carbon Fund
* Center for Agroecology & Sustainable Food Systems
* Center for Global, International and Regional Studies
* College Eight: Nurturing Green Entrepreneurs
* Community Agroecology Network (CAN)
* Education for Sustainable Living Program (ESLP)
* Environmental Studies Department
* Friends of the Community Agroecology Network (FoCAN)
* Friends of the Sustainability Office (FoSO)
* IDEASS
* Kresge Garden
* Meatless Mondays, Beefless Thursdays & Farm Fridays in the dining halls
* Path to a Greener Stevenson (PTAGS)
* Program in Community and Agroecology (PICA)
* Program Recognizing Offices Practicing Sustainability (PROPS), a green office certification program
* Site Stewardship Program
* Student Environmental Center (SEC)
* Student Environmental Center (SEC)
* UCSC Climate Change Research Resources
* UCSC Greenhouses
* UCSC Museum of Natural History Collections
* UCSC Natural Reserves
* UCSC Sustainability Engineering and Ecological Design

==Athletics==
[[Image:UCSC East Field.jpg|thumb|East Field]]
UCSC competes in [[Division III (NCAA)|Division III]] of the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] as an Independent member. There are twelve [[varsity team|varsity]] sports (men's and women's basketball, tennis, soccer, volleyball, swimming and [[diving]], women's golf, and women's [[cross country running|cross country]]). UCSC teams are nationally ranked in tennis, soccer, men's volleyball, and swimming. After defeating Emory to win the 2007 National Championship in men's tennis, UCSC has won six men's tennis team championships, and have been defending champions in tennis for two of the past three years.<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=48863
|title=UCSC men's tennis team wins sixth national championship
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=February 8, 2008
|date=May 18, 2007
}}</ref>
The Banana Slugs were also runners-up in men's soccer in 2004. In the 2006 season, the men's water polo team won the Division III championship, as well as an overall ranking of 19th in the nation. However, both the men and women's water polo teams were cut in 2008 due to budget constraints.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=77198
|title=UCSC to cut men's and women's water polo teams –
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=October 15, 2009
|date=June 6, 2008
|last=Moses
|first=Ryan
}}
</ref> UCSC is one of the largest but one of the least funded NCAA Division III members.<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=51029
|title=Athletic director Linda Spradley spends her days keeping UCSC's teams afloat
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|date=November 26, 2007
|accessdate=February 6, 2008
|last=Moses
|first=Ryan
}}
</ref>

In addition to its NCAA sports, UCSC maintains a number of successful club sides including its women's [[rugby union|rugby]] team, which won the [[Division II (NCAA)|Division II]] National Collegiate Championship during its '05–'06 season and has competed at Nationals several times since, most recently in 2010 and 2013.<ref>{{cite journal | title=Women's rugby team wins Division II national championship | url=http://currents.ucsc.edu/05-06/05-08/brief-rugby.asp | journal=Currents | publisher=University of California, Santa Cruz| volume=10 | date=May 8, 2006 | accessdate=January 29, 2008 | issue= 36}}</ref> UCSC also fields an often victorious men's lacrosse team, which competes against other western universities in the WCLL. After a highly successful 2008 season, the team traveled to Texas for nationals. Although UCSC never had a track, the residential colleges regularly competed in an improvised "Slug Run" every spring from 1967 to 1982,<ref>
{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=25266&storySection=Sport&fromSearch=true&searchTerms=ucsc
|title=Slug Run rekindles UCSC track tradition
|date=April 15, 2005
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=February 8, 2008
}}
</ref> though the Run now is a community event and fundraiser event hosted by the cross-country club for much needed fund to pay for entry fees, hotel, and transportation to race.<ref>[http://www.cityonahillpress.com/2009/03/05/cross-country-club-stays-strong,-despite-running-on-fumes/ Cross Country Club Stays Strong, Despite Running on Fumes | City on a Hill Press]</ref> Approximately 25% of the student population participates in intramural athletics, which tend to be better funded than the intercollegiate athletic programs.<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.scsextra.com/story.php?sid=38859
|title=UCSC students say yes to playing, no to watching
|work=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]]
|accessdate=February 6, 2008
|date=May 26, 2006
|last=Conley
|first=Mark
}}
</ref>

===Mascot===
[[Image:Banana slug at UCSC.jpg|thumb|left|''[[Banana slug|Ariolimax dolichophallus]]'' at UCSC]]
UCSC's mascot is the [[banana slug]]<ref name="UCSC Mascot" /> (specifically, ''Ariolimax dolichophallus'').<ref>
{{cite web
|title=Leading in the New Millennium
|url=http://urelations.ucsc.edu/info/new_millennium.06-05.pdf
|publisher=UCSC University Relations
|accessdate=October 15, 2006
|format=PDF}}
</ref> In 1981, when the university began participating in NCAA intercollegiate sports, the then-chancellor and some student athletes declared the mascot to be the "[[Sea Lion|sea lions]]." Most students disliked the new mascot and offered an alternative mascot, the banana slug. In 1986, students voted via [[referendum]] to declare the banana slug the official mascot of UCSC – a vote the chancellor refused to honor, arguing that only athletes should choose the mascot. When a poll of athletes showed that they, too, wanted to be "Slugs," the chancellor relented. The June 16, 1986, issue of ''People'' magazine featured a full-page spread dedicated to the selection of the Banana Slug as the official mascot of UCSC (see [http://i.imgur.com/GQ6tw.jpg page 85]).<ref>
{{cite web
|title=Proving that slime is on their side, Santa Cruz students make the slug their mascot?
|url=http://storage.people.com/pdfs/19860616/PEO_ISSUE_19860616_PDF/PEO_19860616_ISSUE.PDF
|accessdate=June 16, 1986
}} {{Dead link|date=April 2012|bot=H3llBot}}

</ref> A sea lion statue can still be seen in front of the Thimann Hall lecture building.<ref>
{{cite web
|title=UCSC General Catalog 2004–2006: Student Life (Banana Slug Mascot section)
|url=http://reg.ucsc.edu/catalog/html/student_life.htm
|accessdate=May 4, 2006
|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20060220071139/http://reg.ucsc.edu/catalog/html/student_life.htm 
|archivedate=February 20, 2006
}}
</ref>
In February 2008, ESPN Sports Travel named the UCSC Banana Slug as one of the ten best nicknames in college basketball.<ref>
{{cite web
|title=Off To College: What Name's Got Game?
|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/travel/news/story?id=3224604
|accessdate=July 4, 2008
}}
</ref>
The "Fiat Slug" logo prominently featured on campus is a trademark of UCSC owned by the Regents. It was developed by two students during the mascot controversy, who later incorporated as "Oxford West" and licensed their design from the Regents to produce clothing inspired by the university.

The slug also is featured along with the school's logo on [[Vincent Vega]]'s T-shirt during the 1994 film ''[[Pulp Fiction]]''.<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.slugweb.com/aboutus.html
|title=Banana Slug About Us
|publisher=Oxford West
|accessdate=February 29, 2008
}}
</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of University of California, Santa Cruz people]]
* [[Shakespeare Santa Cruz]]

* [[University of California, Santa Cruz, Arboretum]]

==Notes and references==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==

{{commons category}}
* [http://www.ucsc.edu/ University of California, Santa Cruz]
* [http://www.goslugs.com/ UC Santa Cruz Athletics]
* [http://www.ucolick.org/ Lick Observatory]
* [http://lrdp.ucsc.edu/ 2005 Long Range Development Plan]
* [http://www.cityonahillpress.com/2008/09/25/lrdp-settled/ LRDP – Settled?]: a student-written analysis of the LRDP agreement published by the City on the Hill Press
* [http://people.ucsc.edu/~rosewood/guidebook/text.html ''The Campus Guide: A Tour of the Natural Environment and Point of Historical Interest''], written by Elizabeth Spedding Calciano and Ray Collett, 1973
* [http://web.archive.org/web/20070928000936/http://www.santacruzpl.org/history/people/cowell5.shtml History of the Cowell family and Cowell ranch]
{{coord|37.00|-122.06|region:US_type:edu|display=title}}

{{University of California, Santa Cruz}}
{{University of California}}

{{good article}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:University Of California, Santa Cruz}}
[[Category:University of California|Santa Cruz]]
[[Category:University of California, Santa Cruz| ]]
[[Category:Santa Cruz, California]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in Santa Cruz County, California]]
[[Category:Geography of Santa Cruz County, California]]
[[Category:Association of Public and Land-Grant Universities]]
[[Category:Schools accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges]]
[[Category:Oceanographic institutions]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1965]]
[[Category:1965 establishments in California]]

UC Berkeley – UCSF Joint Medical Program

2013-10-24T22:45:53Z

Casecrer: replacing copyright protected image by public domain image

{{Infobox University
|name = UC Berkeley - UCSF Joint Medical Program
|image_name = The_University_of_California_1868_UCSF.svg
|image_size = 200px
|established = 1971 <ref>[http://jmp.berkeley.edu/about/history.htm ]{{dead link|date=November 2012}}</ref>
|type = [[Public university|Public]] - joint [[Doctor of Medicine|M.D.]][[Master of Science|- M.S.]] program
|city = [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]], [[California]] and [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]], [[California]]
|country = [[United States]]
|website = [http://jmp.berkeley.edu/ jmp.berkeley.edu]
|logo = [[Image:Berkeley Horizontal Logo.PNG|200px]] [[Image:UCSF logo.png|160px]]
}}

The '''UC Berkeley-UCSF Joint Medical Program''' ('''JMP''') is a joint degree program in the [[University of California]] system, between the [[University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health|UC Berkeley School of Public Health]] and the [[University of California, San Francisco#Academics|UCSF School of Medicine]]. The JMP begins with three years at UC Berkeley, where students complete the basic science component of their medical education while concurrently completing a [[Master of Science|Masters of Science]] in health and medical sciences. Students then matriculate to the UCSF School of Medicine for two years of clinical clerkships at [[University of California, San Francisco#Campus|UCSF-affiliated hospitals]]. At the end of this 5-year program, students graduate with an [[Doctor of Medicine|M.D.]] from UCSF and an [[Master of Science|M.S.]] from UC Berkeley.

==Admissions==

Applicants submit their primary applications to the UCSF School of Medicine through the normal [[AMCAS]] application process. After a preliminary screening, a secondary application is requested, which includes a supplemental application to the JMP. An additional round of screening leads to invitations to visit the JMP for interviews. Successful applicants are then accepted on a rolling basis. Accepted applicants are often requested to definitively accept their place in the class earlier than other medical schools because of the early summer start date. The JMP class has 16 students each year.<ref>[http://jmp.berkeley.edu/apps/admissionpro.htm ]{{dead link|date=November 2012}}</ref>

==Curriculum==

The first three years spent at UC Berkeley is composed of the following components: Case-based learning; Clinical Skills; Masters Thesis; and Focused Mini Blocks. The last two years are spent doing clinical clerkships at UCSF with 3rd and 4th year students from the traditional program.

===Case-based learning===

JMP core course content is taught through the Contextually Integrated Case-Based Curriculum (CICBC), which incorporates biology, public health, ethics, and the social and cultural contexts of human health and disease in a series of 80 clinical cases. Working in small groups of 6-8 alongside faculty, JMP students use these clinical cases, (in conjunction with lab and clinical skills experiences) to master the knowledge and skills required for their matriculation to UCSF at the end of their 3rd year.<ref name="berkeley1">{{cite web|url=http://jmp.berkeley.edu/curric/case.htm |title=JMP - Case-based Curriculum |publisher=Jmp.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-11-24}}</ref>

===Clinical Skills Curriculum===

The Clinical Skills curriculum provides basic instruction about interviewing skills, the [[doctor-patient relationship]], physical diagnosis skill building and more specific components of patient care including geriatrics, psychiatry, human growth and development, maternal and child health. Clinical preceptorships begin in the fall of the first year and continue throughout the 3 years.<ref name="berkeley1"/>

===Masters Thesis Curriculum===

The M.S. degree is an academic degree in Health and Medical Sciences and requires writing a research thesis. The topic must be health-related and the research supported by a coherent and scholarly program of study approved by the Master's Faculty. In additional to the thesis research project, Masters classes are also taken throughout the three years at UC Berkeley.<ref>[http://jmp.berkeley.edu/about/jmp_brochure.pdf ]{{dead link|date=November 2012}}</ref>

===Focused Mini blocks===

Minimal additional course material has been integrated around the core case-based learning. The summer [[Human Anatomy]] Course, during the summer before the first year of the program, combines traditional lecture-based instruction with an introduction to case-based learning, and has a laboratory component. There is also a thematic seminar series and [[USMLE Step 1|Board]] preparation review sessions.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*(1) [http://jmp.berkeley.edu/ Joint Medical Program Home Page]
*(2) [http://sph.berkeley.edu/degrees/degreeprog/jointmed.html JMP description on UC Berkeley School of Public Health website]
*(3) [http://medschool.ucsf.edu/admissions/degrees/Curriculum.aspx#TheMDMSJointMedicalProgram JMP description on UCSF School of Medicine website]
*(4) [http://jmp.berkeley.edu/about/jmp_brochure.pdf JMP Brochure]

{{DEFAULTSORT:UC Berkeley - UCSF Joint Medical Program}}
[[Category:University of California, San Francisco]]
[[Category:University of California, Berkeley]]
[[Category:University of California]]
[[Category:Medical education in the United States]]

University of California, San Francisco

2013-10-24T22:42:24Z

Casecrer: replacing copyright protected image by public domain image

{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2012}}
{{Infobox university
|name = University of California, San Francisco
|motto = ''[[Fiat lux]]'' ([[Latin]])
|mottoeng = [[Let there be light]]
|image_name = The_University_of_California_1868_UCSF.svg
|established = 1873
|type = [[Public university|Public]]
|endowment = $1.55 billion <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/_files/report/UC_Annual_Endowment_Report_FY2011-2012.pdf |title=UC Annual Endowment Report, Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012; p.4 |accessdate=2013-01-07 |publisher=Office of the Treasurer of the Regents of the University of California|format=PDF}}</ref>
|staff =
|faculty = 1,686
|chancellor = [[Susan D. Desmond-Hellmann]]
|postgrad = 4,636 (Fall 2011)<ref name="Campus Facts">{{cite web|url=http://finreports.universityofcalifornia.edu/index.php?file=10-11/pdf/fullreport_1011.pdf |format=PDF |title=UC Financial Reports – Campus Facts in Brief |year=2010-11 |publisher=University of California |accessdate=November 17, 2012}}</ref>
|doctoral =
|city = San Francisco
|state = California
|country = United States
|campus = Urban, {{convert|255|acre|ha}},<ref name="Campus Facts"/>
|colors = [[Bleu celeste|UCSF Teal]] {{color box|#88bbbb}}<ref name=UCSF_CLS>{{cite web|url=http://campuslifeservices.ucsf.edu/ustores/about/information/ |title=University of California, San Francisco Campus Life Services Information |publisher=Campuslifeservices.ucsf.edu |accessdate=April 26, 2012}}</ref>
|mascot = Bear<ref name=UCSF_CLS/>
|nickname =
|affiliations = [[University of California]]
|website = [http://www.ucsf.edu UCSF.edu]
|logo = [[Image:UCSF logo.png|150px]]
}}
The '''University of California, San Francisco''' ('''UCSF''') is a center of health sciences research, patient care, and education; located in [[San Francisco]], [[California]]. UCSF is widely regarded as one of the world's leading universities in health sciences. Though one of the 10 campuses of the [[University of California]], it is unique for being the only University of California campus dedicated solely to graduate education, and in health and [[biomedical science]]s. Some of UCSF's treatment centers include [[kidney transplantation|kidney transplant]]s and [[liver transplantation]], [[radiology]], [[neurosurgery]], [[neurology]], [[oncology]], [[ophthalmology]], [[gene therapy]], [[women's health]], [[fetal surgery]], [[pediatrics]], and [[internal medicine]].

Founded in 1873, the mission of UCSF is to serve as a "public university dedicated to saving lives and improving health." The UCSF Medical Center is consistently<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ucsf.edu/news/2011/07/10275/ucsf-medical-center-named-top-10-hospital-11th-consecutive-year| title =UCSF Medical Center Named Top 10 Hospital for 11th Consecutive Year |author=Karin Rush-Monroe |publisher=UCSF |date=July 19, 2011 |accessdate=February 2, 2012}}</ref> ranked among the top 10 hospitals in the United States by ''[[U.S. News & World Report]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://health.usnews.com/health-news/best-hospitals/articles/2010/07/14/best-hospitals-2010-11-the-honor-roll |title=Best Hospitals 2011–12: the Honor Roll – US News and World Report |publisher=Health.usnews.com |date=July 18, 2011 |accessdate=April 26, 2012}}</ref> who also ranked UCSF’s medical school as one of the top 10 in a number of specialties, including a specialty program in [[Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome|AIDS]] medical care ranked first in the country.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-medical-schools |title=Top Medical Schools – US News and World Report |publisher=Health.usnews.com |date=March 11, 2013|accessdate=July 5, 2013}}</ref>

UCSF is administered separately from [[University of California, Hastings College of the Law|Hastings College of Law]], another [[University of California|UC]] institution located in San Francisco. In recent years, UCSF and UC Hastings have increased their collaboration, including the formation of the UCSF/Hastings Consortium on Law, Science, and Health Policy.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uchastings.edu/academics/jd-program/law-science/law-science-health-policy.html |title=UCSF/Hastings Consortium |publisher=Uchastings.edu |accessdate=July 29, 2010}}</ref>

==History==
[[Image:UCSF 1908.jpg|thumb|UCSF in 1908, with the streetcar that used to run on Parnassus Avenue]]
UCSF traces its history to Dr. Hugh H. Toland, a [[South Carolina]] surgeon who found great success and wealth after moving to San Francisco in 1852.<ref>[http://history.library.ucsf.edu/toland.html Hugh Huger Toland (1806–1880)], UCSF, ''Accessed October 6, 2010.''</ref> A previous school, the Cooper Medical College of the [[University of the Pacific (United States)|University of Pacific]] (founded 1858), entered a period of uncertainty in 1862 when its founder, Dr. Elias Samuel Cooper, died.<ref name = UCSF01/> In 1864, Toland founded a new medical school, Toland Medical College, and the faculty of Cooper Medical College chose to suspend operations and join the new school.<ref name=UCSF01>[http://history.library.ucsf.edu/1868_hospitals.html A History of UCSF: San Francisco's First Medical Institutions], UCSF, ''Accessed October 6, 2010.''</ref>

The [[University of California]] was founded in 1868, and by 1870 Toland Medical School began negotiating an affiliation with the new public university.<ref name = UCSF02/> Meanwhile, some faculty of Toland Medical School elected to reopen the Medical Department of the University of the Pacific, which would later become [[Stanford University School of Medicine]].<ref>[http://lane.stanford.edu/portals/history/chronsumc.html Chronology of the Stanford University Medical Center], Stanford School of Medicine, ''Accessed June 11, 2007.''</ref> Negotiations between the Toland and the UC were complicated by Toland's demand that the medical school continue to bear his name, which he finally conceded.<ref name = UCSF02/> In March 1873, the [[trustee]]s of Toland Medical College transferred it to the [[Regents of the University of California]], and it became "The Medical Department of the University of California."<ref name=UCSF02>[http://history.library.ucsf.edu/1868_hospitals.html A History of UCSF: University Affiliation], UCSF, ''Accessed October 10, 2010.''</ref> On September 15, 1874, the school opened its doors to female students.{{Citation needed|date=October 2012}}

==Campus==

UCSF operates four major campus sites within the city of San Francisco and one in [[Fresno, California]], as well as numerous other minor sites scattered through San Francisco and the [[San Francisco Bay Area]].

===Parnassus===
Parnassus serves as the main campus and includes numerous research labs, the 600 bed UCSF Medical Center, [[Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute]], and UCSF Children's Hospital. The Schools of Dentistry, Pharmacy, Medicine, Nursing, and the Biomedical Sciences graduate program are also located at Parnassus. It also houses the UCSF neurology outpatient practice that serves as a referral center of most of Northern California and [[Reno, Nevada]].

UCSF's Beckman Vision Center is also located at the Parnassus campus. It is a center for the diagnosis, treatment and research of all areas of eye care, including [[eye surgery|vision correction surgery]].

Also located on the Parnassus campus is the [[University of California, San Francisco Fetal Treatment Center|UCSF Fetal Treatment Center]], multidisciplinary care center dedicated to the diagnosis, treatment, and long-term follow-up of fetal birth defects.

===Mission Bay===
[[Image:Mission Bay, UCSF.jpg|thumb|Mission Bay, UCSF]]
[[Image:Mission Bay Community Center, UCSF (night-view)).jpg|thumb|Mission Bay Community Center]]
UCSF's [[Mission Bay (San Francisco)|Mission Bay]] Campus, also located in San Francisco, is the largest ongoing biomedical construction project in the world.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ravven |first=Wallace |url=http://pub.ucsf.edu/newsservices/releases/2003072264/ |title=New UCSF Mission Bay campus: country's largest biomedical university expansion |publisher=Pub.ucsf.edu |date=July 22, 2003 |accessdate=April 26, 2012}}</ref> The {{convert|43|acre|ha|sing=on}} Mission Bay campus, opened in 2003 with construction still ongoing, contains additional research space and facilities to foster biotechnology and life sciences companies. It will double the size of UCSF's research enterprise over the next 10 years. The biotechnology company [[Genentech]] contributed $50 million toward construction of a building as part of a [[Genentech#Disputes|settlement]] regarding alleged theft of UCSF technology several decades earlier.<ref>{{cite web|last=Genentech Press Release|title=University of California and Genentech Settle Patent Infringement Lawsuits|url=http://www.gene.com/gene/news/press-releases/display.do?method=print&id=4887|publisher=Genentech Inc.|accessdate=18 October 2012}}</ref> Also located on the Mission Bay campus, the Arthur and Toni Rembe Rock Hall was designed by [[César Pelli]] and opened in February 2004. The building is named in honor of [[Arthur Rock]] and his wife, who made a $25 million gift to the university.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://insider.ucsf.edu/2004/jul/index.html |title=$25 Million Gift Creates Professorship for UCSF Chancellor, Furthers Construction of Mission Bay Campus |publisher=Insider.ucsf.edu |date=February 1, 2005 |accessdate=April 26, 2012}}</ref> Byers Hall serves as the headquarters for the California Institute for Biomedical Research (QB3), a cooperative effort between the UC campuses at San Francisco, Berkeley, and Santa Cruz. The building is named after venture capitalist [[Brook Byers]], co-chair of UCSF's capital campaign that concluded in 2005 and raised over $1.6 billion.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pub.ucsf.edu/missionbay/town/qb3_partnerships.php |title=QB3's Inaugural Event Features Announcement of Major Partnerships with Industry |publisher=Pub.ucsf.edu |accessdate=April 26, 2012}}</ref> Additionally, the William J. Rutter Center, designed along with the adjacent 600-space parking structure by [[Ricardo Legorreta]], opened in October 2005 and contains a fitness and recreation center, swimming pools, student services, and conference facilities. The building is named in honor of [[William J. Rutter]], former [[Chairman#Academic position|chairman]] of the university's Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics and co-founder of [[Chiron Corporation]].<ref name="Rutter">{{cite news
| last =Tansey
| first =Bernadette
| title =UCSF to name building after biotech pioneer Bill Rutter
|work=San Francisco Chronicle
| date =November 29, 2007
| url =http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/11/29/BUCJTJUFS.DTL
| accessdate =November 29, 2007}}</ref> A housing complex for 750 students and postdoctoral fellows and an 800-space parking garage also opened in late 2005. And a fourth research building, designed by [[Rafael Viñoly]] and named the [http://cancer.ucsf.edu/diller/index.php Helen Diller Family Cancer Research Building], opened in June 2009. Two additional research buildings designated for neuroscience and cardiovascular research are currently in the planning and design phase.<ref>{{cite news | last =Rauber | first =Chris | title =Invention, born of necessity |publisher =[[American City Business Journals|San Francisco Business Times]] | date =October 12, 2007 | url =http://sanfrancisco.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/stories/2007/10/15/focus6.html | accessdate =February 11, 2008}}</ref> UCSF is also in the early stages of planning for a new specialty hospital focused on women, children, and cancer to be built at the Mission Bay campus and scheduled to open by the end of 2014.<ref>[http://www.ucsfhealth.org/adult/about/missionbay.html UCSF Medical Center at Mission Bay]</ref>

===Other===
The Mount Zion campus contains UCSF's [http://cancer.ucsf.edu NCI-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center], its Women's Health Center, the [[Osher Center for Integrative Medicine|Osher Center]] for [[Integrative Medicine]] and outpatient resources. The [[San Francisco General Hospital]] campus cares for the indigent population of San Francisco and contains San Francisco's only [[Level I trauma center]].{{Citation needed|date=February 2008}} The hospital itself is owned and operated by the city of San Francisco, but many of its doctors carry UCSF affiliation and maintain research laboratories at the hospital campus. The earliest cases of [http://cfar.ucsf.edu HIV/AIDS] were discovered at SF General Hospital in the 1980s.{{Citation needed|date=February 2008}} To this day SF General Hospital has the world's leading [http://php.ucsf.edu/ HIV/AIDS treatment and research center].{{Citation needed|date=February 2008}}

UCSF is also affiliated with the San Francisco [[United States Department of Veterans Affairs|VA]] Hospital and the [http://www.gladstone.ucsf.edu J. David Gladstone Institutes], a private biomedical research entity that has recently moved to a new building adjacent to UCSF's Mission Bay campus. The headquarters of the new [[California Institute for Regenerative Medicine]] are also located nearby in the Mission Bay neighborhood.

==Academics==

University of California, San Francisco is unique in that it performs only biomedical and patient-centered research in its Schools of Medicine, [[Pharmacy]], [[Nursing]], and [[Dentistry]], and the Graduate Division, and their hundreds of associated laboratories. The university is known for innovation in medical research, public service, and patient care. UCSF's faculty includes five Nobel Prize winners, 31 members of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]], 69 members of the [[Institute of Medicine]], and 30 members of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences|Academy of Arts and Sciences]]. UCSF confers a number of degrees, including [[Master of Science]], Doctor of Philosophy, [[Doctor of Pharmacy]], [[Doctor of Medicine]], [[Doctor of Dental Surgery]], and [[Doctor of Physical Therapy]] in a variety of fields.

===Rankings===

In 2012, the ''[[Academic Ranking of World Universities]]'', published annually by Shanghai Jiaotong University, ranked UCSF 2nd in the world for Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy and 3rd in the world for Life and Agricultural Sciences.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/Institution.jsp?param=University%20of%20California,%20San%20Francisco |title=Academic Ranking of World Universities by Broad Subject Fields – 2012 |publisher=Shanghairanking.com |accessdate=Jan 8, 2013}}</ref> The professional schools of the University of California, San Francisco are among the top in the nation, according to current (2013) ''[[US News and World Report]]'' graduate school and other rankings. The schools also rank at or near the top in research funding from the [[National Institutes of Health]]. In addition, the UCSF Medical Center in 2013 was ranked by ''US News and World Report'' the 7th-best hospital in the nation,<ref>{{cite news | title=America's Best Hospitals 2007 | publisher=''U.S. News & World Report'' | url=http://health.usnews.com/health-news/best-hospitals/articles/2011/07/18/best-hospitals-2011-12-the-honor-roll | accessdate =July 18, 2011 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071011234856/http://health.usnews.com/usnews/health/best-hospitals/honorroll.htm |archivedate = October 11, 2007}}</ref> making it the highest-ranked medical center in northern California.

====School of Medicine====
[[File:BennyBufanoBearandCubs.jpg|thumb|UCSF's bear mascot depicted by [[Benny Bufano]]'s Bear and Cub sculpture outside of Kalmanovitz Library]]
In 2013, the school of medicine ranked 4th overall among research-based medical schools by ''U.S. News & World Report''.<ref name=USNews>{{cite web |title=UC San Francisco Graduate School Rankings |url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/university-of-california-san-francisco-110699/overall-rankings |accessdate=2012-11-17 |work=''U.S. News & World Report''}}</ref> In rankings of medical schools for primary care, UCSF ranked 4th.<ref name=USNews/> It is the only medical school in the nation to be ranked in the top 5 in both the research and primary care categories. In addition, UCSF is nationally-ranked as #1 in AIDS, #2 in Internal Medicine, Women's Health, and Drug and Alcohol Abuse, #4 in Family Medicine, #6 in Geriatrics, and #7 in Pediatrics. <ref name=USNews/>

In 2011, the School of Medicine was the second largest recipient of [[National Institutes of Health]] research funds among all US medical schools, and the first among all public medical schools, receiving awards totaling $532.8 million.<ref>{{Cite press release |url=http://www.ucsf.edu/news/2012/01/11344/ucsf-tops-public-institutions-nih-biomedical-research-funds |title=UCSF Tops Public Institutions in NIH Biomedical Research Funds |publisher=UCSF |date=January 18, 2012}}</ref> This figure rose from 2010 when the School of Medicine received a total of $475.4 million in NIH funds, but was still the largest public medical school recipient.<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www.ucsfhealth.org/news/2011/02/ucsf_tops_public_institutions_in_nih_funding_ranks_third_ove.html |title=UCSF Tops Public Institutions in NIH Funding, Ranks Third Overall |publisher=UCSF |date=February 15, 2011}}</ref>

====Biological Sciences, PhD Programs====
''U.S. News & World Report'' in 2012 ranked UCSF seventh best overall.<ref name=USNews/> In that survey, UCSF ranked second in [[immunology]], third in [[neuroscience]], fourth in [[cell biology]], and [[microbiology]], fifth in [[biochemistry]]/[[biophysics]]/[[structural biology]], sixth in [[molecular biology]], and eighth in [[genetics]]/[[genomics]]/[[bioinformatics]].<ref name=USNews/>

====School of Nursing====
In 2012, ''U.S. News & World Report'' ranked the UCSF graduate programs in [[nursing]] as fourth in the nation.<ref name=USNews/> UCSF ranked in the top 10 in all seven of the rated nursing specialties, including first for adult/medical-surgical nurse, family nurse practitioner and [[psychiatry|psychiatric]]/[[mental health]] nurse programs, and second for its adult [[nurse practitioner]] program.<ref name=USNews/> The community/public health nursing program ranked fourth, while the pediatric nurse practitioner and the gerontology/geriatrics practitioner specialties ranked eighth nationally.<ref name=USNews/>

The School of Nursing in 2007 ranked first nationally in total [[NIH]] research funds with $13.8 million.<ref name="NIH 2007">{{cite web|last=Ravven |first=Wallace |url=http://pub.ucsf.edu/newsservices/releases/200804185/ |title=UCSF among top universities in NIH funding |publisher=Pub.ucsf.edu |date=April 18, 2008 |accessdate=April 26, 2012}}</ref>

====School of Pharmacy====
In 2012, ''US News and World Report'' ranked the UCSF School of Pharmacy number one in its "America's Best Graduate Schools" edition.<ref name=USNews/> In 2010, the School of Pharmacy also ranked first in [[NIH]] research funding among all US pharmacy schools, receiving awards totaling $19.6 million.<ref name="NIH 2007"/>

The UCSF School of Pharmacy was also ranked as the top program in the US, according to a 2002 survey published in ''The Annals of Pharmacotherapy'', which weighed key criteria, including funding for research and the frequency of scientific publications by faculty, that are not considered in other rankings.

====School of Dentistry====
The School of Dentistry in 2007 ranked first among all dental schools in [[NIH]] research funding. It received awards totaling $18.3 million from the [[NIH]].<ref name="NIH 2007"/>

In 2011, the School of Dentistry ranked first again in [[NIH]] research funding, this time receiving $19.5 million.
(sources:
http://report.nih.gov/award/trends/FindOrg.cfm
http://www.ucsf.edu/news/2011/02/9393/ucsf-tops-public-institutions-nih-funding-ranks-third-overall )

====UCSF Medical Center====
[[File:UCSF Medical Center and Sutro Tower in 2008.jpg|thumb|center|570px|UCSF Medical Center and [[Sutro Tower]]]]
In 2011, ''US News and World Report'' named the [[UCSF Medical Center]] the seventh-best hospital in the nation, making it the highest-ranked medical center in Northern California. Among pediatric care centers, UCSF Children's Hospital ranked no. 16 – among the highest-rated children's medical service in California.

In the magazine's "America's Best Hospitals" survey, the UCSF Medical Center ranked best in Northern California – as well as among the best in the nation – in the following specialties: [[endocrinology]], [[neurology]]/[[neurosurgery]]; [[gynecology]]; cancer; [[kidney disease]]; [[ophthalmology]]; respiratory disorders; [[rheumatology]]; [[urology]]; digestive disorders; [[otolaryngology|ear, nose, and throat]]; [[psychiatry]]; [[cardiology|heart]] and [[heart surgery]]; and [[pediatrics]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usnews.com/usnews/health/best-hospitals/tophosp.htm |title=''US News and World Report'' rankings of best hospitals |publisher=Usnews.com |accessdate=April 26, 2012}}</ref>

In ''San Francisco Magazine's'' 2003 survey of the "Best Doctors" in the Bay Area, 55 percent of those honored were UCSF faculty.

====UCSF Radiology and BioMedical Imaging Center====
UCSF Radiology research programs were ranked second in 2009 in America. The Radiology department is spearheaded by Dr Ronald L. Arenson who is an Alexander R. Margulis Distinguished Professor and also a part of Board of directors of RSNA([[Radiological Society of North America]]).

==Distinctions==
[[File:UCSF Fresno Nima1.JPG|thumb|350px|UCSF Fresno]]
*First to discover that normal cellular genes can be converted to cancer genes (Nobel Prize in Medicine, J. Michael Bishop and Harold Varmus, 1989)
*First to discover (together with Stanford) the techniques of recombinant DNA, the seminal step in the creation of the biotechnology industry
*First to discover the precise recombinant DNA techniques that led to the creation of a hepatitis B vaccine
*First to perform a successful in-utero [[fetal surgery]] ([[Michael R. Harrison]])
*First to clone an insulin gene into bacteria, leading to the mass production of recombinant human insulin to treat diabetes
*First to synthesize human growth hormone and clone into bacteria, setting the stage for genetically engineered human growth hormone
*First to develop prenatal tests for [[sickle cell anemia]] and [[thalassemia]]
*First to train pharmacists as drug therapy specialists
*First to establish special care units for AIDS patients and among the first to identify HIV as the causative agent of the disease
*First to discover [[prion]]s, a unique type of infectious agent responsible for a variety of neurodegenerative diseases (Nobel Prize in Medicine, [[Stanley B. Prusiner]], 1997)
*First to develop catheter ablation therapy for tachycardia, which cures "racing" hearts without surgery
*First university west of the Mississippi to offer a doctoral degree in nursing
*First to discover that missing [[pulmonary surfactant]]s are the culprit in the death of newborns with [[Infant respiratory distress syndrome|respiratory distress syndrome]]; first to develop a synthetic substitute for it, reducing infant death rates significantly
*First to develop an academic hospitalist program (and coined the term "hospitalist") ([[Robert M. Wachter]]); the field is the fastest growing specialty in modern medical history
*With a work force of 18,600 people and annual economic impact of $2 billion, UCSF is San Francisco's second largest employer
*UCSF has its own fully functional police department, which carries out policing duties for its two major campuses as well as all satellite sites within the city and in South San Francisco.
*UCSF is home to the [[Legacy Tobacco Documents Library]], an internationally recognized digital library of previously-secret internal tobacco industry documents. The Legacy Tobacco Documents Library (LTDL) contains more than 11 million documents created by major tobacco companies related to their advertising, manufacturing, marketing, sales, and scientific research activities.

==Noted alumni/faculty==
*[[Shuvo Roy]], Inventor of [[Artificial kidney]]
*[[Andy Baldwin]] – bachelor for the tenth season of ''[[The Bachelor (US TV series)|The Bachelor]]''<ref>[http://www.andybaldwin.com/bio.html Andy Baldwin Biography]{{dead link|date=April 2012}}</ref>
*[[J. Michael Bishop]] – former UCSF Chancellor. [[Nobel Prize|Nobel]] laureate in Medicine (1989), worked to discover the cellular origin of retroviral oncogenes
*[[Elizabeth Blackburn]], professor of biology and physiology at UCSF, [[Nobel Prize|Nobel]] laureate in Medicine (2009), discoverer of the [[ribonucleoprotein]] [[enzyme]], [[telomerase]]. Appointed a member of the [[President's Council on Bioethics]] in 2001 and fired in February 2004, reportedly for her public disagreements and political differences with Council chair [[Leon Kass]] and the Bush Administration, particularly on the issue of [[therapeutic cloning]].
*[[Richard Carmona]] – former [[Surgeon General of the United States]]
*[[Priscilla Chan (physician)|Priscilla Chan]] - pediatrician, spouse of Facebook CEO
*John Clements, first to isolate [[pulmonary surfactant|surfactant]] and to develop it artificially
*[[Haile T. Debas]], former UCSF Chancellor; former Dean, School of Medicine; founding Executive Director, Department of Global Health Sciences
*[[Michael V. Drake]] – [[University of California, Irvine]] Chancellor; former University of California Vice President-Health Affairs
*[[Paul Ekman]], who showed that human emotional expressions were universal and developed the [[Facial Action Coding System]]
*[[Richard Feachem]], founding Executive Director of the [[Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria]] (2002–2007)
*[[Julie Gerberding]] – Director, [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC)
*[[Stanton Glantz]], regarded as the [[Ralph Nader]] of the anti-big-tobacco movement
*[[Michael R. Harrison]] – developed the initial techniques for [[fetal surgery]] and performed the first fetal surgery in 1981, and then went on to establish the [[UCSF Fetal Treatment Center]], which was the first of its kind in the United States.
*[[Julien Hoffman]] – professor emeritus of pediatrics; senior member of the Cardiovascular Research Institute
*[[Dorothy M. Horstmann]] (1911–2001), virologist who made important discoveries about [[polio]].<ref>Altman, Lawrence K. [http://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/21/us/dr-dorothy-horstmann-89-made-strides-in-polio-research.html "Dr. Dorothy Horstmann, 89; Made Strides in Polio Research"], ''[[The New York Times]]'', January 21, 2001. Accessed January 21, 2001.</ref>
*[[David Aaron Kessler|David Kessler]] – former dean of the UCSF School of Medicine and [[Yale University School of Medicine]], and former Commissioner of the [[Food and Drug Administration]] in the Clinton Administration
*[[Peter Kollman]] – developer of the [[AMBER]] [[force field (chemistry)|force field]] in [[molecular dynamics]] simulation and an internationally renowned [[computational chemistry|computational chemist]]
*Herbert Daniel Landahl, PhD, Professor Emeritus of Biophysics and Mathematical Biology-Basic research in mathematical biophysics of the central nervous system, cell division dynamics, population interactions, and control of insulin bioynthesis.
*[[Arthur Lander]], M.D. PhD Developmental biologist at [[University of California, Irvine]]
*Jay Levy, who, along with [[Robert Gallo]] at the [[National Cancer Institute]] and [[Luc Montagnier]] at the [[Pasteur Institute]], was among the first to identify and isolate HIV as the causative agent in AIDS
*[[C. Cameron Macauley]], photographer and film producer
*[[Michael Merzenich]] -Professor emeritus [[neuroscientist]] -Brain plasticity research, Basic and clinical sciences of hearing pioneer- CEO Scientific Learning, Posit Science<ref name="SciLearning">{{cite web
| title = Dr. Michael M. Merzenich
| publisher = Scientific Learning Corporation.
| date = 1997-2009
| url = http://www.scilearn.com/our-approach/our-scientists/merzenich/index.php
| accessdate =January 2, 2009 }}
</ref>
*[[Rita Ng]] – [[Miss California]] 2000, 2nd runner up
*Thomas Novotny, former Assistant [[Surgeon General of the United States|Surgeon General]]
*[[Dean Ornish]], who first established that [[coronary artery disease]] could be reversed with lifestyle changes alone, author of the few bestseller books on the subject of healthy lifestyle choices
*[[William W. Parmley]] - Former Editor of the [[Journal of the American College of Cardiology]] and [[General Authority]] of [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]]
*[[Stanley Prusiner]] – Nobel laureate in Medicine (1997), discovered and described [[prions]]
*[[Steve Schroeder]] – Former CEO, [[Robert Wood Johnson Foundation]]
*[[Hiroko Minami]] - 25th President of International Council of Nurses (ICN)
*Phillip Thygesson - ophthalmologist, trachoma researcher, Thygesson Disease.<ref>http://www.eyemedicalclinic.com/history.php</ref><ref>[http://proctor.ucsf.edu/emailhistory.html ]{{dead link|date=September 2013}}</ref>
*[[Harold Varmus]] – Nobel laureate in Medicine (1989), worked with [[J. Michael Bishop]] to discover the cellular origin of retroviral oncogenes. Also served as director of the [[National Institutes of Health]] during the [[Clinton Administration]], as president of [[Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center]] from 2000 to 2010, and currently as the director of the [[National Cancer Institute]].
*[[Paul Volberding]], whose pioneering work in the early days of the AIDS pandemic was noted in [[Randy Shilts]]' book [[And the Band Played On]]
*[[Robert M. Wachter]], a prominent expert in patient safety, who coined the term hospitalist and is considered the academic leader of the field of [[hospital medicine]].
*[[David A. Wood (pathologist)|David A. Wood]] former head of the Cancer Research Institute and former president of the American Cancer Society.
*Jere E Goyan – former Dean of the School of Pharmacy, former FDA Commissioner (during the Carter Administration)<ref>{{cite web |title = Jere E. Goyan, PhD |url = http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/WhatWeDo/History/Leaders/Commissioners/ucm093734.htm |publisher=U.S. Food and Drug Administration |accessdate =June 30, 2010 }}</ref>
*[[Pablo DT Valenzuela]] – co-founder of the American biotech company Chiron Corporation, the first Chilean biotech company Bios Chile, and of Fundacion Ciencia para la Vida in Santiago Chile.
*[[Shinya Yamanaka]], an investigator at the Gladstone Institutes and a professor of anatomy at UCSF, won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine for his discovery of how to transform ordinary adult skin cells into cells that are capable of developing into any cell in the human body.<ref>{{cite web|author=October 08, 2012 |url=http://www.ucsf.edu/news/2012/10/12898/shinya-yamanaka-wins-2012-nobel-prize-medicine |title=Shinya Yamanaka Wins 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine |publisher=ucsf.edu |date=2012-10-08 |accessdate=2013-09-11}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Dentistry|University}}
*[[American Student Dental Association]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|University of California, San Francisco|UCSF}}
*[http://www.ucsf.edu/ Official website]
*[http://history.library.ucsf.edu/ A History of UCSF]

{{University of California}}
{{San Francisco Colleges}}
{{Coord|37|45|47.95|N|122|27|30.74|W|region:US-CA_type:edu|display=title}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:California, San Francisco, University Of}}
[[Category:University of California|San Francisco]]
[[Category:University of California, San Francisco| ]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1873]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in San Francisco, California]]
[[Category:Schools of medicine in California]]
[[Category:Pharmacy schools in California]]
[[Category:Schools accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges]]

David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA

2013-10-23T15:56:26Z

Casecrer: replacing copyright protected image by public domain image

{{Infobox university
|name = David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
|motto = ''[[Fiat lux]]'' Let there be light
|image =[[File:The University of California UCLA.svg|225px|UCLA Seal (Trademark of the Regents of the University of California)]]
|established = 1951
|type = [[Public university|Public]]
|endowment =
|staff =
|faculty =
|dean = A. Eugene Washington
|undergrad =
|postgrad =
|doctoral =
|city = [[Los Angeles]]
|state = [[California]]
|country =
|campus = [[urban area|Urban]]
|mascot = Bruins
|nickname =
|affiliations =
|website = [http://dgsom.healthsciences.ucla.edu/ dgsom.healthsciences.ucla.edu]
}}

The '''University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine''' — known as the '''David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA''' — is an accredited [[medical school]] located in [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], USA. The School was renamed in 2001 in honor of [[media mogul]] [[David Geffen]] who donated $200 million in unrestricted funds.

==History==
[[Image:Mattel UCLA Hospital.jpg|thumb|[[Mattel Children's Hospital UCLA|Mattel Children's Hospital]] entrance]]
[[Image:Medcenter.jpg|thumb|UCLA Medical Plaza is near the main entrance to the campus]]

===Founding===
UC Board of Regents voted to establish a medical school affiliated with [[UCLA]] in 1945. In 1947, [[Stafford L. Warren]] was appointed as the first dean. Dr. Warren had served on the [[Manhattan Project]] while on leave from his post at [[University of Rochester|University of Rochester School of Medicine]]. As the founding dean of medical school, he proved to be a capable administrator and fundraiser. His choice of core faculty consisted of his former associates at [[Rochester, New York|Rochester]] in [[Andrew Dowdy]] as the first professor of [[radiology]], John Lawrence as the first professor of [[medicine]], and [[Charles Carpenter (medical researcher)|Charles Carpenter]] as the first professor of [[infectious disease]]s. Along with [[William Longmire Jr.]], a promising 34-year-old surgeon from [[Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine|Johns Hopkins]], the group was called the Founding Five.

Building of the medical center and the School of Medicine began in 1949. The 1951 charter class consisted of 26 men and 2 women. Initially there were 15 faculty members, although that number had increased to 43 by 1955 when the charter class graduated. The first classes were conducted in the reception lounge of the old Religious Conference Building on Le Conte Avenue.

In July 1955, the [[UCLA Medical Center]] was opened.

===Mellinkoff administration===
Sherman Mellinkoff succeeded Stafford Warren as dean in 1962 and served for the next 24 years. Under Dr. Mellinkoff, the school experienced unprecedented growth. The [[Neuropsychiatric Institute]], the [[Brain Research Institute]], and the [[Mattell Children's Hospital|Marion Davies Children's Center]] were founded. The [[Jules Stein Eye Institute]] and the [[Reed Neurological Research Center]] were established as well. By decade's end UCLA had doubled the size of the medical school and the hospital. [[UCLA School of Dentistry|School of Dentistry]] and [[UCLA School of Public Health|School of Public Health]] as well as [[UCLA School of Nursing|School of Nursing]] were formed as well. The medical school grew to nearly 400 medical students, more than 700 interns and residents, and almost 200 Masters and doctorate candidates.

A partnership was formed with the [[Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science]] in 1966 to train medical students with the goal of meeting the needs of the underserved in [[South Los Angeles]].

The school continued its growth in 1970s, becoming affiliated with [[United States Department of Veterans Affairs|VA]] facilities as well as Olive-View Medical Center. In 1974, school co-founded Biomedical Sciences Program with [[UC Riverside]] that offers 24 students each year the opportunity to earn both the B.S. and M.D. degrees in seven years instead of the traditional eight.

1981 saw the dedication of the Doris and Louis Factor Health Sciences Building which houses the School of Nursing and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center. In 1987, construction began on UCLA Medical Plaza, an outpatient facility located across the street from the main hospital.

===Post-Mellinkoff era===
Kenneth I. Shine succeeded Sherman Mellinkoff as dean in 1986. In 1992 Dr. Shine left UCLA to become President of the [[Institute of Medicine]] in [[Washington, D.C]]. Gerald S. Levey was then appointed provost of medical sciences and dean of the medical school in 1994. Dr. Levey oversaw expansion of interdisciplinary research and the establishment of a Department of Human Genetics. Under his leadership the Gonda (Goldschmied) Neuroscience and Genetics Research Center as well as the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, ranked "Best in the West" by US News & World Report, were constructed. In October 2008, Dr. Levey announced that he would be stepping down from the position of Dean in 2009.
[[Image:UCLA Reagan Medical Center.JPG|thumb|right|[[Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center]]]]
Effective February 2010, Dr. A. Eugene Washington was appointed Dean of the UCLA School of Medicine and Vice Chancellor of Health Sciences at UCLA. Dr. Washington, a noted clinician, academician, researcher, and university administrator, was recruited from [[UCSF]], where he served as Vice Chancellor and Provost, as well as Professor of gynecology, epidemiology and health policy. Dr. Washington is the first-ever African-American to hold these leadership posts at UCLA.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://evc.ucla.edu/announcements/appointment-of-a.-eugene-washington-as-dean-of-the-david-geffen-school-of-medicine-and-vice-chancellor-of-health-sciences-at-ucla/ |title=Appointment of A. Eugene Washington as Dean of the David Geffen School of Medicine and Vice Chancellor of Health Sciences at UCLA |publisher=Evc.ucla.edu |date=2010-02-01 |accessdate=2011-12-26}}</ref>

UCLA constructed the Ronald Reagan [[UCLA Medical Center]] across the street from the original facility to comply with the California [[earthquake]] law. The {{convert|1050000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} hospital is named after the late [[President of the United States]] and [[Governor of California]], [[Ronald Reagan]]. It was designed by [[Pritzker Prize]]-winning architect [[I.M. Pei]]. Patients were transferred there from the existing hospital in June 2008.{{fact|date=November 2012}}

In the rankings released for 2013, ''[[U.S. News and World Report]]'' ranked David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA at No. 13 in the U.S. in research and for 2012 ranked UCLA Medical Center at No. 5.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-medical-schools/research-rankings |title=Best Medical Schools: Research; |publisher=Usnews.com |date= |accessdate=2012-04-19}}</ref> The Geffen School of Medicine has an acceptance rate of 4.5%.

==Summer programs==
The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA accepts applications for summer academic enrichment programs. These programs include the Premedical/Predental Enrichment Program (PREP), Summer Medical Dental Education Program (SMDEP), and the Re-Application Post baccalaureate Program (RAP). Application deadlines are March 1st for the PREP and SMDEP programs, while the RAP program has a deadline of May 15th.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.begincollege.com/uclas-david-geffen-school-of-medicine-currently-accepting-applications/ |title=UCLA's David Geffen School of Medicine Applications |publisher=begincollege.com |date= |accessdate=2012-01-15}}</ref>

==Notable faculty==
{{unreferenced|section|date=November 2012}}
* [[Arie Belldegrun|Arie S. Belldegrun]], [[Doctor of Medicine|MD]], [[Fellow of the American College of Surgeons|FACS]], is a director of the UCLA Institute of [[Urology|Urologic]] [[Oncology]] and is [[Professor]] and Chief of Urologic Oncology at the David Geffen School of Medicine.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tevapharm.com/About/BoardOfDirectors/Pages/Dr_Arie_Belldegrun.aspx |title=Dr. Arie Belldegrun - Board of Directors - Teva |publisher=Tevapharm.com |date= |accessdate=2013-07-27}}</ref> He holds the ''Roy and Carol Doumani Chair'' in Urologic Oncology.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kitepharma.com/board_of_directors.html |title=Welcome to Kite Pharma, Inc |publisher=Kitepharma.com |date= |accessdate=2013-07-27}}</ref> He is the [[Clinic]]al Director of the UCLA ''Prostate Disease Research Program'' and [[Surgical]] Director of the UCLA ''Kidney Cancer Program''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://people.healthsciences.ucla.edu/institution/personnel?personnel_id=8731 |title=Arie Belldegrun M.D. | David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA |publisher=People.healthsciences.ucla.edu |date= |accessdate=2013-07-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usrf.org/PCSPES/belldegrun.shtml |title=Arie Belldegrun, M.D |publisher=Usrf.org |date= |accessdate=2013-07-27}}</ref>
* [[Michelle Bholat]] MD, MPH is Associate Professor and Vice Chair of the Department of Family Medicine at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA. Co-Founder and Director of the [[UCLA IMG Program]] (for [[International medical graduate]]) and received the Rising Star Award 2008 by the Los Angeles Business Journal. Chair of the Public Health Commission from Los Angeles County Department of Public Health from 2007 to present.
* Ronald W. Busuttil, MD, PhD is the Chairman of the Department of Surgery, and Chief of Liver and Pancreatic Transplantation. He established the liver transplant program at UCLA, and is a world-renowned expert in liver transplantation. He was the subject of scandal when it was revealed that he had given Japanese yakuza bosses priority liver transplants in exchange for large donation to the hospital.<ref>{{cite news|title=Japanese gang figures got new livers at UCLA|url=ttp://articles.latimes.com/2008/may/30/local/me-ucla30|date=May 30, 2008}}</ref>
* Robert Cameron is Chief of Thoracic Surgery, Director of General Thoracic Surgery, Surgical Director of the Thoracic Oncology Program, and an Assistant Professor of Surgery.
* Christopher Cooper is a Professor of Medicine and Physiology. He is Medicial Director of the UCLA COPD Program and of the Clinical Exercise Physiology Laboratory. He is also Director of the UCLA Exercise Physiology Research Laboratory.
* Bruce Dobkin, MD is the Director of Neurological Rehabilitation and Editor-in-Chief of the journal Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair.<ref>{{cite web|title=Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair|url=http://nnr.sagepub.com/|work=Sage Journals|accessdate=8 November 2012}}</ref>
* [[Patrick Dowling (producer)|Patrick Dowling]] MD, MPH is the Chairman of the Department of Family Medicine at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA. He is the Co-Founder and Co-Director of the [[UCLA IMG Program]] (for [[International medical graduate]]) and received the title of NHSC Ambassador by the [[National Health Service Corps]].
* Gerald Finerman is the chairman of the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery.
* [[David Fish]] is a [[PM&R|physiatrist]] and an editor of a popular [[PM&R]] handbook, ''PM&R Pocketpedia.''
* Michael Gottlieb was one of the first physicians to report a case of [[AIDS]] taking credit for the ideas of a medical intern, Robert Wolf, who initially raised the question. Frank Apgar, MD was the another faculty member and was the ICU attending who initially suggested PCP be worked up in what turned out to be the first identified patient with AIDS at UCLA and asked that the housestaff work up this possibility.
* [[Louis Ignarro]], 1998 [[Nobel Prize]] in Physiology/Medicine.
* [[Ira Kurtz]] is Chief of the Division of [[Nephrology]] and head of the Membrane Transporter Research Center.<ref>{{cite web|title=UCLA Membrane Transporter Research Center|url=http://mtrc.med.ucla.edu/|accessdate=8 November 2012}}</ref>
* [[Babak Larian]] is an Assistant Clinical Professor of Surgery, Otolaryngology.
* [[Susan Perlman]] is a Professor in the Department of Neurology.
* [[Alcino J. Silva]] is a Professor of Neurobiology, Psychiatry and Psychology. Pioneer in the field of molecular and cellular cognition of memory.
* [[Joshua Prager (doctor)|Joshua Prager]] is the president of [[North American Neuromodulation Society]].
* Lauren Pinter-Brown is the Director of the Lymphoma Program in the Division of Hematology-Oncology at the David Geffen School of Medicine.
* William G. Plested is a [[cardiothoracic surgery|cardiothoracic surgeon]] and past president of the [[American Medical Association]].
* Arnold B. Scheibel is a professor of Neurobiology and Psychiatry and former Director of the [[Brain Research Institute (BRI)]] at UCLA.
* Arya Nick Shamie<ref>{{cite web|title=Arya Nick Shamie, MD|url=http://www.espinecare.com/|work=UCLA Health Systems|accessdate=8 November 2012}}</ref> is a professor of Orthopaedic Spine Surgery and Neurosurgery. President, American College of Spine Surgery. Pioneer in the field of minimally invasive spine surgery and recently named on the list of Top Ten Academic Spine Surgeons in the US.
* Carl Stevens is a Clinical Professor of Emergency Medicine at the Harbor-UCLA Medical Center.
* Ronald H. Stevens is Professor of Microbiology, Immunology, & Molecular Genetics and is Director of the UCLA IMMEX Project.
* Arthur W. Toga is a Professor of Neurology, Director of the [[Laboratory of Neuro Imaging]], noted for developing brain atlases in human and non-human species, and was a founding editor of the journal NeuroImage. (Now at USC)

==See also==
* [[Billi Gordon]]

==References==
<references/>

==External links==
* [http://dgsom.healthsciences.ucla.edu/ David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA]

{{UCLA}}
{{coord missing|Los Angeles County, California}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:University Of California, Los Angeles School Of Medicine}}
[[Category:Schools of medicine in California]]
[[Category:University of California, Los Angeles]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1951]]

UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science

2013-10-23T15:54:56Z

Casecrer: replacing copyright protected image by public domain image

{{about|the school of [[engineering]] at the [[University of California, Los Angeles]]|the similarly named academic unit at the [[University of California, Irvine]]|Henry Samueli School of Engineering}}
{{Infobox university
|name = UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science
|motto = ''Birthplace of the Internet''
|image = [[File:The University of California UCLA.svg|150px|UCLA Seal (Trademark of the Regents of the University of California)]]
|established = 1945
|faculty = 156
|dean = [[Vijay K. Dhir]]
|undergrad = 3232
|postgrad = 1776
|city = [[Los Angeles]]
|state = [[California]]
|website = {{URL | http://www.engineer.ucla.edu}}
}}

The '''UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science''' (HSSEAS) is the school of engineering at the [[University of California, Los Angeles]]. It opened as the College of Engineering in 1945, and was renamed the School of Engineering in 1969.<ref>[http://www.engineer.ucla.edu/history/timeline41_54.html UCLA Engineering School Timeline]{{dead link|date=December 2011}}</ref> Since its initial enrollment of 379 students, the school has grown to approximately 5000 students, and is ranked among the top 10 public engineering schools in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|last=Kivowitz |first=Elizabeth |url=http://www.newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/ucla-s-leonard-kleinrock-to-receive-55898.aspx |title=UCLA's Leonard Kleinrock to receive National Medal of Science |publisher=Newsroom.ucla.edu |date= |accessdate=2011-12-17}}</ref> The school offers 28 degree programs and is also home to eight externally funded interdisciplinary research centers, including those in space exploration, wireless sensor systems, and nanotechnology.

__TOC__

==History==

[[Image:UCLA Engr IV Bldg.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Engineering IV building]]

The school was renamed for its alumnus and professor [[Henry Samueli]], who received his B.S. (1975), M.S. (1976), and Ph.D (1980) in Electrical Engineering there.<ref name="donated in 1999">{{cite web | title = UCLA Engineering News | url = http://www.engineer.ucla.edu/news/1999/samueli_gift.html | accessdate = 2008-05-11 |year=1999 | publisher = UCLA}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> Samueli is co-founder, chairman, and chief technology officer of [[Broadcom]] and a philanthropist in the [[Orange County, California]] community. He and his wife Susan donated $30 million to the school in 1999.<ref name="donated in 1999"/> It was at UCLA that Dr. [[Henry Nicholas]] and Dr. Henry Samueli met and later formed Broadcom.

The main building is Boelter Hall (Engineering II and III), named after [[Llewellyn M. K. Boelter]], a Mechanical Engineering professor at [[University of California, Berkeley|UC Berkeley]] who became the first Dean of the school. He "often took an active role in the lives of the school's students, and his approach to engineering impacted many of their careers," according to the school.<ref>[http://www.engineer.ucla.edu/magazine/UEf99.pdf Remembering Dean Boelter, UCLA Engineer, Fall 1999]{{dead link|date=December 2011}}</ref> He retired in 1965 and Chauncey Starr, a pioneer in nuclear power development, succeeded him.

HSSEAS is housed in two other buildings: Engineering IV, and Engineering V, which houses the Department of Bioengineering and the Department of Materials Science and Engineering.<ref>{{cite web|author= |url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I0QHPHKjvtw&feature=related |title=Engineering IV: UCLA Engineering Introduction 2007 |publisher=Youtube.com |date=2008-08-18 |accessdate=2011-12-17}}</ref> Engineering I was demolished in August 2011, to be replaced by Engineering VI, which will house the Western Institute of Nanotechnology on Green Engineering and Metrology (WIN-GEM), in 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.engineer.ucla.edu/newsroom/featured-news/archive/2011/engineering-vi-new-anchor-for-innovation |title=Engineering VI: New Anchor for Innovation |publisher=Engineer.ucla.edu |date= |accessdate=2011-12-17}}</ref> Ground breaking ceremony for Engineering VI building was held Friday, October 26, 2012 with Congressman [[Henry A. Waxman]] and Henry Samueli.

The school is credited as the birthplace of the [[Internet]], where the first message was sent to a computer at [[Stanford University]] on October 29, 1969 by Professor [[Leonard Kleinrock]] and his research team at UCLA.<ref>[http://www.engineer.ucla.edu/history/timeline65_74.html 1969 -- First On the 'Net]{{dead link|date=December 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://internetanniversary.cs.ucla.edu/ |title=35th Anniversary of the Internet |publisher=Internetanniversary.cs.ucla.edu |date=2004-10-29 |accessdate=2011-12-17}}</ref> On September 29, 2008, President [[George W. Bush]] presented the 2007 [[National Medal of Science]] to Kleinrock for "his fundamental contributions to the mathematical theory of modern data networks, and for the functional specification of packet switching, which is the foundation of Internet technology. His mentoring of generations of students has led to the commercialization of technologies that have transformed the world." <ref>White House News Sept. 29, 2008</ref> Room 3420 at Boelter Hall, where the first message was sent, has been converted into The Kleinrock Internet Heritage Site and Archive (renamed KIHC – The Kleinrock Internet History Center at UCLA).<ref>[http://www.scpr.org/programs/madeleine-brand/2011/07/19/19933/beginning-of-the-internet-commemorated-in-new-ucla Beginning of the Internet commemorated in new UCLA museum], Southern California Public Radio, July 19, 2011</ref>

UCLA conferred its first Bachelor of Science degree in Engineering in 1947, its first Master of Science degree in 1948, and its first Doctor of Philosophy degree in 1950. Annual Engineering commencement ceremonies are held in June at [[Pauley Pavilion]].

==Departments and programs==

[[Image:Leonard-Kleinrock-and-IMP1.png|thumb|right|Professor [[Leonard Kleinrock]] with the computer to send internet's first message]]

HSSEAS has seven departments and one interdepartmental program, which are accredited by the [[Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology]] (ABET). The school offers the following degrees:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Program !! B.S. !! M.S. !! Ph.D. !! Other
|-
| Aerospace Engineering || * || * || * ||
|-
| Bioengineering || * || || ||
|-
| Biomedical Engineering || || * || * ||
|-
| Chemical Engineering || * || * || * ||
|-
| Civil Engineering || * || * || * ||
|-
| Computer Science || * || * || * ||
|-
| Computer Science and Engineering || * || || ||
|-
| Electrical Engineering || * || * || * ||
|-
| Engineering || || * || || 1
|-
| Engineering and Applied Science || || || || 2
|-
| Manufacturing Engineering || || * || ||
|-
| Materials Engineering || * || || ||
|-
| Materials Science and Engineering || || * || * ||
|-
| Mechanical Engineering || * || * || * ||
|}

#Online M.S. Degree
#Graduate Certificate of Specialization

==Undergraduate admissions (2012)==

Acceptance rate: 17.8%<ref name="UCEE"/>

Median high school weighted GPA: 4.42<ref name="about-the-students">{{cite web|url=http://www.engineer.ucla.edu/explore/facts-and-figures/about-the-students |title=About the Students — UCLA Engineering |publisher=UCLA |date= |accessdate=2012-12-19}}</ref>

SAT Reasoning Test median scores:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Test !! Score<ref name="about-the-students"/>
|-
| Mathematics || 759
|-
| Critical Reading || 696
|-
| Writing || 718
|-
| Total || 2173
|}

Mathematics (Level 2) Subject Test median score: 772

==Enrollment (2012)==

[[Image:Boelter Hall, UCLA.jpg|thumb|Entrance to Boelter Hall]]
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Undergraduate major !! Enrollment<ref name="UCEE">{{cite web|url=http://www.seasoasa.ucla.edu/2012-12-08%20UCEE%20OASA%20site.pdf |title=Report to the University Wide Council on Engineering Education UCEE |publisher=Engineer.ucla.edu |date=2011-12-07 |accessdate=2012-12-09}}</ref>
|-
| Aerospace Engineering || 173
|-
| Bioengineering || 267
|-
| Chemical Engineering || 347
|-
| Civil Engineering || 379
|-
| Computer Science || 408
|-
| Computer Science & Engineering || 270
|-
| Electrical Engineering || 724
|-
| Materials Engineering || 135
|-
| Mechanical Engineering || 391
|-
| Undeclared Engineering || 138
|-
| Total || 3232
|}

Graduate students: 1776<ref name="UCEE"/>
*M.S. students: 856
*Ph.D. students: 920

==Alumni==

;Winners of the UCLA Engineering Alumni of the Year award
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name !! Degrees !! Distinctions
|-
| [[Paul Baran]] || M.S. ’59 || Internet Pioneer (1926 - 2011)<ref>{{cite web |title= In Memoriam: Paul Baran MS ’59 |work= UCLA Engineering web site |url= http://www.engineer.ucla.edu/newsroom/featured-news/archive/2011/in-memoriam-paul-baran-ms-201959 |accessdate= March 28, 2011 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Aaron S. Cohen]] || ’58 || Vice Chairman and Founder, [http://www.nts.com National Technical Systems]
|-
| [[Linda P.B. Katehi]] || M.S. '81, Ph.D. '84 || Provost and Vice Chancellor of [[University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign|UIUC]], Chancellor of [[University of California, Davis|UC Davis]]
|-
| [[Henry T. Nicholas III]] || Ph.D. '98 ||
|-
| Asad M. Madni || M.S. '72 ||
|-
| [[Vint Cerf]] || M.S. '57, Ph.D. '70 || [[Google]] Internet Evangelist, creator of [[TCP/IP]]
|-
| Dwight Streit || Ph.D. '86 ||
|-
| [[Henry Samueli]] || Ph.D. '80 || Co-founder of [[Broadcom]]
|-
| Jack S. Gordon || M.E. '76 ||
|-
| Ronald D. Sugar || Ph.D. '71 || Former Chairman and CEO of [[Northrop Grumman]]
|-
| Robert F. Graham || B.S. '55 ||
|-
| Richard S. Simonsen || B.S. '55 ||
|-
| Peter Staudhammer || (?) '55, Ph.D. '57 || NASA Distinguished Public Service Medalist, 2002 (1935 - 2008)
|-
| [[Jack Gifford (businessman)|John (Jack) F. Gifford]] || B.S. '63 || Co-founder of [[Advanced Micro Devices|AMD]] and [[Maxim Integrated Products]] (1941 - 2009)<ref>[http://www.uclabruins.com/sports/m-basebl/spec-rel/011609aaa.html Former UCLA Baseball Player Jack Gifford Passes Away], ''UCLABruins.com'', January 16, 2009</ref>
|-
| Gerald A. Johnston || M.S. '72 ||
|-
| James L. Easton || B.S. '59 || Chairman and CEO of Jas. D. Easton Inc., now merged into [[Easton-Bell Sports]]
|-
| Edsel D. Dunford || M.E. '73 ||
|-
| Eugene C. Gritton || Ph.D. '66 ||
|-
| John F. Cashen || Ph.D. '71 ||
|-
| Edward P. Smith || B.S. '57 ||
|-
| Russell R. O'Neill || Ph.D. '56 || Dean Emeritus (1916 - 2007)
|-
| Ben Rich || M.S. '50 ||
|-
| Brien D. Ward || Ph.D. '67 ||
|-
| Sam F. Iacobellis || M.S. '63 ||
|-
| Gary E. MacDougal || B.S. '58 ||
|-
| John B. Slaughter || Ph.D. '71 ||
|-
| Robert N. Parker || M.S. '56 ||
|-
| Leonard F. Buchanan || Ph.D. '68 ||
|-
| Jacob B. Frankel || Ph.D. '51 ||
|-
| Paul D. Castenholz || M.S. '58 ||
|-
| Norman E. Friedmann || Ph.D. '57 ||
|-
| Myron Tribus || Ph.D. '49 ||
|-
| Robert Bromberg || Ph.D. '51 ||
|-
| Ralph E. Crump || B.S. '50 ||
|-
| Raymond M. Hill || B.S. '55 ||
|-
| Trude C. Taylor || B.S. '49 || (? - 2008)
|-
| Armond Hairapetian || B.S. '87, M.S. '88, Ph.D. '93 ||
|-
| Josephine M. Cheng || B.S. '75, M.S. '77 ||
|}

[[File:Meganmcarthurv2.jpg|thumb|180px|[[K. Megan McArthur]], ’93]]
;Other notable alumni

* Allen Adham ’90: co-founder of [[Blizzard Entertainment]]
* Michael Morhaime ’90: co-founder of [[Blizzard Entertainment]]
* Frank Pearce ’90: co-founder of [[Blizzard Entertainment]]
* James Collins ’50: founder of [[Sizzler]]
* Chris “Jesus” Ferguson ’86, Ph.D. ’99: professional poker player
* Klein Gilhousen ’69: co-inventor of [[CDMA]] technology and co-founder of [[Qualcomm]]
* Blake Krikorian ’90: founder of [[Sling Media]]
* [[K. Megan McArthur]], ’93: [[NASA]] astronaut
* [[James D. Plummer]] ’66, M.S. ’67, Ph.D. ’71: Dean of [[Stanford University School of Engineering]]

==Faculty==

Faculty members: 156<ref name="about-the-faculty">{{cite web|url=http://www.engineer.ucla.edu/explore/facts-and-figures/about-the-faculty |title=About the Faculty — UCLA Engineering |publisher=UCLA |date= |accessdate=2012-12-19}}</ref>

National Academy of Engineering members: 22<ref name="about-the-faculty"/>

Faculty distinctions:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name !! Department !! Distinctions
|-
| [[Asad Ali Abidi]] || Electrical Engineering || [[CMOS]] RF circuits, National Academy of Engineering
|-
| [[Birgitte Ahring]] || Civil and Environmental Engineering || First woman to receive the [[Villum Foundation|Villum Kann Rasmussen Award]]
|-
| [[Thomas Connolly]] (1923 – 2006) || Nuclear Engineering || American Nuclear Society
|-
| [[Vijay K. Dhir]] || Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering || National Academy of Engineering
|-
| [[Deborah Estrin]] || Computer Science || National Academy of Engineering
|-
| [[Thelma Estrin]] || Computer Science || Women in Technology International's Hall of Fame
|-
| [[Sheila Greibach]] || Computer Science || [[Greibach normal form]]
|-
| [[Chih-Ming Ho]] || Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering || National Academy of Engineering
|-
| [[Tatsuo Itoh]] || Electrical Engineering || National Academy of Engineering
|-
| [[Leonard Kleinrock]] || Computer Science || [[Internet]] pioneer, 2007 [[National Medal of Science]]
|-
| [[Alan Kay]] || Computer Science || 2003 [[Turing Award]]
|-
| [[John Kim (professor)|John Kim]] || Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering || National Academy of Engineering
|-
| [[Tung Hua Lin]] (1911 – 2007) || Civil and Environmental Engineering || China's first [[Aircraft engine|twin engine]] aircraft
|-
| [[Henry John Orchard]] (1922 – 2004) || Electrical Engineering || Filter design
|-
| [[Judea Pearl]] || Computer Science || [[Bayesian network]], 2012 [[Turing Award]]
|-
| [[Jason Speyer]] || Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering || National Academy of Engineering
|-
| [[Demetri Terzopoulos]] || Computer Science || 2005 [[Academy Award]]
|}

==Research centers==
*Center for Cell Control (CCC)
*Center for Domain Specific Computing (CDSC)
*Center for Molecularly Engineered Energy Materials (MEEM)
*Center for Nanoscience Innovation for Defense (CNID)
*[[Smart Grid Energy Research Center]] (SMERC)
*Western Institute of Nanoelectronics (WIN)
*Center for Energy Science and Technology Advanced Research (CESTAR)
*Center for Research in Engineering, Media, and Performance (REMAP)
*[[California Nanosystems Institute]] (CNSI)
*[[Center for Embedded Networked Sensing]] (CENS)
*Center for High Frequency Electronics
*Center for Information and Computation Security (CICS)
*[[Center for Scalable and Integrated Nano-Manufacturing]] (SINAM)
*Center for Systems, Dynamics and Controls (SyDyC)
*Center for Materials Research in Art and Archaeology (CMRAA)
*Water Technology Research Center (WaTeR)
*Wireless Health Institute (WHI)
*Flight Systems Research Center
*Functional Engineered Nano Architectonics Center
*Fusion Science and Technology Center
*Institute for Cell Mimetic Space Exploration
*Institute for Technology Advancement
*Nanoelectronics Research Facility
*Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation
*Southern California Particle Center and Supersite
*Wireless Internet for Mobile Enterprise Consortium

==See also==
* [[History of the Internet#Networks that led to the Internet|History of the Internet]]
* [[University of California, Los Angeles]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
*[http://www.engineer.ucla.edu/ UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science]
*[http://internethistory.ucla.edu/ KIHC – The Kleinrock Internet History Center at UCLA]
*[http://www.seasoasa.ucla.edu/2012-12-08%20UCEE%20OASA%20site.pdf Enrollment and Degree Statistics]
*[http://www.ee.ucla.edu/faculty-samueli.htm Samueli's biography] at the UCLA Department of Electrical Engineering
*[http://www.samueli.org The Samueli Foundation]
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vuiBTJZfeo8 The first Internet connection, with UCLA's Leonard Kleinrock]
{{coord missing|Los Angeles County, California}}

{{UCLA}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Samueli, Henry}}
[[Category:University of California, Los Angeles]]
[[Category:University of California]]
[[Category:Engineering universities and colleges in California]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1945]]
[[Category:1945 establishments in California]]

UCLA School of Law

2013-10-23T15:53:25Z

Casecrer: replacing copyright protected image by public domain image

{{Infobox Law School
| image = [[File:The University of California UCLA.svg|150px|UCLA Seal (Trademark of the Regents of the University of California)]]
| name = UCLA School of Law
|parent = [[University of California]]
| established = 1949
| type = [[public university|Public]]
| parent endowment = $1.88 [[1000000000 (number)|billion]] (June 30, 2009) <ref>[http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/foundation/foundation.pdf UC Annual Endowment Report] ''Office of the Treasurer of The Regents'' Retrieved March 31, 2010 (As of June 30, 2009. Of this amount, $982,212,000 is designated to the UC Regents for the benefit of the campus and $898,838,000 is held by the campus Foundation.)</ref>
| head = Rachel Moran
| city = Los Angeles
| state = California
| country = U.S.
| students = 1,011<ref name=ABAData>[https://officialguide.lsac.org/Release/SchoolsABAData/SchoolPage/SchoolPage_Info/ABA_LawSchoolData.aspx ABA Law School Data]</ref>
| faculty = 116–138<ref name=ABAData/>
| ranking = 17<ref name= "US News" />
| bar pass rate = 85%<ref name=ABAData />
| annual tuition = $44,922 (CA resident) $54,767 (CA non-resident)<ref>[http://www.law.ucla.edu/home/index.asp?page=1712 UCLA Law Prospective Students]</ref>
| homepage = {{URL | http://www.law.ucla.edu}}
| motto = ''Fiat lux'' ([[Latin]])
| aba profile = [https://officialguide.lsac.org/Release/SchoolsABAData/SchoolPage/SchoolPage_Info/ABA_LawSchoolData.aspx ABA Law School Data]
}}
The '''UCLA School of Law''' is the [[law school]] of the [[University of California, Los Angeles]]. It has been [[Educational accreditation|approved]] by the [[American Bar Association#Accreditation of law schools|American Bar Association]] (ABA) since 1950.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.americanbar.org/groups/legal_education/resources/aba_approved_law_schools/by_year_approved.html |title=ABA-Approved Law Schools by Year |work=ABA website |accessdate=April 20, 2011}}</ref> It joined the [[Association of American Law Schools]] (AALS) in 1952.<ref>[http://www.aals.org/about_memberschools.php#c-d AALS Member Schools]</ref>

== History ==
[[File:UCLA School of Law library tower 2.jpg|thumb|left|200px|The Hugh and Hazel Darling Law Library, UCLA School of Law]]
Founded in 1949, UCLA School of Law is currently one of five [[Law school in the United States|law school]]s within the [[University of California]] system. The others are [[University of California, Berkeley School of Law|UC Berkeley School of Law]], [[University of California, Davis School of Law|King Hall]] at [[University of California, Davis|UC Davis]], [[University of California, Hastings College of the Law|UC Hastings College of the Law]] in San Francisco, and [[University of California, Irvine School of Law|UC Irvine School of Law]].

UCLA Law's first dean was L. Dale Coffman, who recruited elderly Harvard dean [[Roscoe Pound]] as one of the school's first professors.<ref>Dan Gordon, "History of UCLA School of Law: A History of Innovation," ''UCLA Law Magazine'', Spring 2004, 10.</ref> The school was forced to operate in a [[Quonset hut]] for its first two years until a proper building was constructed. In September 1949, Pound insisted on delivering the school's first ever keynote address in the [[Latin language]], in the Quonset hut.<ref>William Warren, "50th Anniversary of UCLA School of Law," ''UCLA Law Magazine'', Spring-Summer 2000, 55.</ref>

The ''[[UCLA Law Review]]'', the law school's flagship scholarly journal, was first published in 1953. Additionally, the first scholarly journal in the nation focused on issues affecting Latinos, the Chicana/o Latina/o Law Review, was first published in 1971 as the [[Chicano Law Review]].{{Citation needed|date=April 2010}}

== Degrees and areas of specialization ==
The school offers the standard [[Juris Doctor]] degree as well as several programs of specialization within the degree (which are indicated by notations on a student's diploma). Students can specialize in Business Law and Policy, Entertainment Law, Public Interest Law, Critical Race Studies, and Law and Philosophy. The roughly 300 students who begin Law School at UCLA every year are divided into sections in order to encourage a sense of community. Students take all of their first year courses with their sections.<ref>Cynthia L. Cooper, ''The Insider's Guide to the Top Fifteen Law Schools'' (New York: Doubleday, 1990), 343 & 345.</ref>

The [[Socratic method]] is still in use by most professors, but some faculty allow for a slightly more relaxed classroom atmosphere than at other top-tier law schools.<ref name="Cooper, 345">Cooper, 345.</ref> The school also has traditionally offered a strong clinical program, which is housed in its own wing (built at a cost of $9 million).<ref>Cooper, 352–353.</ref> Each year, the clinical program puts students through realistic simulations of trials, depositions, and client meetings; these are staffed with a pool of nearly 500 volunteers drawn from all over the Southland who play parties, witnesses, judges, and jurors.<ref>Carol Bidwell, "Trial By Hire: Volunteers Put L.A. Students On The Spot," ''[[Los Angeles Daily News]]'', 6 December 1998, L8.</ref>

Several joint degree programs are available, requiring four years of study, and resulting in the simultaneous award of a [[Juris Doctor]] and a Master’s Degree in one of the following areas: Afro-American Studies, American Indian Studies, Law and Management, Public Health, Public Policy, Social Welfare, or Urban Planning.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.law.ucla.edu/academic-programs-and-courses/degree-programs/joint-degree-programs/Pages/default.aspx |title=Joint Degree Programs |work=UCLA Law School website |accessdate=March 6, 2011}}</ref>

The school also offers a Master of Laws (LL.M.) law program, which involves one year of post-law-graduate studies. This program is popular among foreign students, who then take the California [[Bar examination|bar exam]].

Finally, it offers a [[Doctor of Juridical Science]] (S.J.D.) degree, designed for students who already have a J.D. and hope to become law professors.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.law.ucla.edu/home/index.asp?page=1072 |title=Degree Programs |work=UCLA Law School Website |accessdate=August 31, 2010}}</ref>

== Faculty and students ==

UCLA School of Law has over 100 faculty members with expertise in all major disciplines of law; it "is one of the most diverse in the country."<ref name="Cooper, 345"/> Since 2002, the faculty has published 48 new books, 45 chapters, and over 150 journal articles.{{Citation needed|date=December 2010}}

The admission rate for the Class of 2014 was 20%. 1,471 students were admitted out of a pool of 7,328 applicants.<ref name=uclafacts >http://www.law.ucla.edu/about-ucla-school-of-law/Pages/ucla-school-of-law-facts.aspx</ref> The median [[LSAT]] score was 168, and the median GPA was 3.78.<ref name=uclafacts /> The top quartile of the incoming class achieved a 3.88 GPA, and the top quartile scored a 169 on the LSAT.<ref name=uclafacts />

The student body is "extraordinarily diverse."<ref>Eric Owens, ''The Best 117 Law Schools'', 2005 ed. (New York: Princeton Review, 2005), 195.</ref> Over 32% of the UCLA law students are students of color: 5.3% of the student body identify as African-American, 17.8% as Asian, 8.4% as Hispanic or Latino(a) and 1.3% as Native American. The student body is 49% female and 51% male.

The students enrolled in the fall 2009 came from 110 undergraduate schools; by number of students enrolled, the top undergraduate schools were UCLA, UC Berkeley, University of Southern California, UC San Diego, Stanford University, University of Pennsylvania, Brown University, UC Santa Barbara and Harvard University.<ref>http://www.law.ucla.edu/home/index.asp?page=1975</ref> Thirty-one percent of UCLA law students hail from out-of-state, coming from 33 states and 9 foreign countries.

The school sponsors a chapter of the [[Order of the Coif]], a national law school honorary society founded for the purposes of encouraging legal scholarship and advancing the ethical standards of the legal profession.<ref>[http://www.orderofthecoif.org/COIF-members.htm Order of the Coif member schools]</ref>

== Location ==
[[File:UCLA School of Law south entrance.jpg|thumb|right|250px|The School of Law's south entrance facing Charles E. Young Drive East]]
UCLA School of Law is located on the northeastern edge of the [[UCLA]] campus in the [[Westwood, Los Angeles, California|Westwood]] area of Los Angeles.<ref>Cooper, 359.</ref> The school is approximately five miles from the Pacific Ocean.

The school proper is housed in a five-story brick building known simply as the Law Building. The oldest parts of the Law Building's interior are notorious for a "high school atmosphere" and "dark, drafty classrooms,"<ref>Cooper, 358–359.</ref> but it has been extensively improved by the addition of the clinical wing in 1990 and the new law library in 2001. A few offices, like the Office of Career Services, are housed in an adjacent building, Dodd Hall.

The campus sits on the sloping foothills of the [[Santa Monica Mountains]], between the communities of [[Brentwood, Los Angeles, California|Brentwood]] to the west and [[Holmby Hills, Los Angeles, California|Holmby Hills]] to the east. The entrance to [[the Playboy Mansion]] is a short way up Sunset Boulevard, in Holmby Hills. Just beyond Holmby Hills is [[Beverly Hills, California|Beverly Hills]].

==Rankings==
{{see also|Law school rankings in the United States}}
In 2012 ''[[US News & World Report]]'' ranked UCLA as 15th of U.S. law schools.<ref name= "US News">{{cite web | title=Best Law Schools: University of California – Los Angeles | url= http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-law-schools/school-of-law-03018 | publisher= [[US News & World Report]] | accessdate= March 13, 2012}}</ref> In 2010, it had the largest student body in the UC system after Hastings, and the smallest student/faculty ratio.<ref name= "Comparison">{{cite web | title=Best Law Schools School Comparison | url= http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-law-schools/compare/items+03015+03016+03017+03018 | publisher= [[US News]] | accessdate= July 5, 2010}}</ref> It was the second least expensive law school in the UC system, Hastings being the cheapest.<ref name = "Comparison" />

According to [[Brian Leiter]]'s Law School rankings, UCLA ranks 15th in the nation in terms of scholarly impact as measured by academic [[citation]]s of tenure-stream faculty during the years 2005–2009.<ref>{{cite web | title= TOP 25 LAW FACULTIES IN SCHOLARLY IMPACT, 2005–2009 | url= http://www.leiterrankings.com/new/2010_scholarlyimpact.shtml |publisher= Brian Leiter's Law School Rankings | accessdate=July 5, 2010}}</ref>

===Bar passage rates===
Based on a 2001–2007 6 year average, 88% of UCLA Law graduates passed the California State Bar.<ref name=ILRG>{{Cite web
| title = Internet Legal Research Group: University of California, Los Angeles School of Law, 2009 profile
| url = http://www.ilrg.com/rankings/law/view.php/113
| accessdate = April 13, 2011}}</ref>

===Post-graduation employment===
[[American Bar Association]] data shows that 240 of 333 (72.1%) of 2012 graduates had secured full-time, long-term, JD-required employment within nine months of graduation. A total of 114 graduates (34.2%) had found employment in firms of more than 100 lawyers, and 16 graduates (4.8%) had secured [[Judicial clerkship#Federal clerkships|federal judicial clerkships]].<ref>http://www.lstscorereports.com/?school=ucla&show=ABA</ref>

==Specialized Centers and Institutes==

===Business Law and Policy===
In 2011, the business law and policy program established the Lowell Milken Institute for Business Law and Policy with a 10 million dollar gift from alumnus [[Lowell Milken]].<ref>[http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/lanow/2011/08/ucla-law-school-lowell-milken.html | Los Angeles Times | August 9th, 2011]</ref> The institute focuses on research in business law and policy in bankruptcy, corporate law, corporate governance, intellectual property, international business transactions, real estate, securities regulation and tax.<ref>[http://www.law.ucla.edu/centers-programs/lowellmilkeninstitute/Pages/default.aspx UCLA Law]</ref>

===Climate Change and Environmental Law===
Founded in 2008 with a gift from Dan A. Emmett and his family, the Center was the first law school center established to focus on climate change. The Emmett Center curriculum details law and policy solutions to the climate change crisis locally, state-wide, nationally and internationally.<ref>[http://www.law.ucla.edu/centers-programs/emmett-center-on-climate-change-and-the-environment/Pages/About-the-Emmett-Center.aspx UCLA Law]</ref>

===International Human Rights Law Program===
The International Human Rights Law Program, founded in 2008, is an organization for human rights education, scholarship, advocacy, and policy-oriented research.<ref>[http://www.law.ucla.edu/home/index.asp?page=2730 International Human Rights Law Program | Centers & Programs | UCLA Law]</ref>
It includes the [[Sanela Diana Jenkins]] International Justice Clinic,<ref>[http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/n/a/2008/09/18/state/n122918D45.DTL “Bosnian's $4 million funds UCLA war crimes clinic,”] [[San Francisco Chronicle]], September 18, 2008</ref> which assists in the apprehension and prosecution of alleged war criminals in Bosnia, initially focussing on the relations between [[Ratko Mladic]], formerly head of the [[Bosnian Serb Army]], and others accused of involvement in the [[Srebrenica massacre]].<ref>[http://www.callawyer.com/story.cfm?eid=901278&evid=1 “Law Clinic to Focus on Bosnia,” California Lawyer Magazine]</ref>
[[Haris Silajdžić]], President of [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], will work closely with the program.<ref>[http://www.international.ucla.edu/euro/article.asp?parentid=97853 UCLA Today Online, September 22, 2008]</ref>{{Failed verification|date=April 2011}} The faculty director is [[Richard Harold Steinberg]] and the executive director is David Kaye.

===Sexual Orientation Law===

The Williams Institute was founded in 2001 through a grant by businessman, academic, and philanthropist Charles R. “Chuck” Williams.<ref>[http://www.law.ucla.edu/news-media/Pages/News.aspx?NewsID=85 UCLA Law]</ref> Mr. Williams’ inaugural donation of $2.5 million to create the Williams Institute was the largest donation ever given to any academic institution in support of a gay and lesbian academic program in any discipline.<ref>[http://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/mission/ UCLA Law]</ref>

===Real Estate Law===
In 2001, the UCLA Law School real estate program was named in honor of [[Richard Ziman]], who established a permanent endowment. In 2005, the Ziman center was reconstituted in 2005 as a campus-wide center of both UCLA Anderson School of Management and UCLA School of Law.<ref>[http://www.anderson.ucla.edu/x27641.xml UCLA Law]</ref>

===Public Interest and Law & Policy===
In Spring 1996, in response to these developments and the corresponding need for better trained public interest lawyers, the UCLA School of Law established the David J. Epstein<ref>[http://www.law.ucla.edu/centers-programs/david-j-epstein-program-in-public-interest-law-policy/Pages/about-david-j-epstein.aspx UCLA Law]</ref> Program in Public Interest Law and Policy. In 2000, the Program graduated its inaugural class of students.

==Journals and student organizations==

===Journals and law reviews===
*[http://www.uclalawreview.org/ ''UCLA Law Review'']
*[http://www.law.ucla.edu/apalj/ ''UCLA Asian/Pacific American Law Journal'']
*[http://www.law.ucla.edu/cllr/ ''UCLA Chicano/Latino Law Review'']
*[http://theentertainmentlawreview.com/ ''UCLA Entertainment Law Review'']
*[http://www2.law.ucla.edu/jelp/JELP/Welcome.html ''UCLA Journal of Environmental Law and Policy'']
*[http://www.law.ucla.edu/jilfa/ ''UCLA Journal of International Law & Foreign Affairs'']
*[http://www.law.ucla.edu/jinel/ ''UCLA Journal of Islamic and Near Eastern Law'']
*[http://www1.law.ucla.edu/~jilfa/ ''UCLA Journal of International Law & Foreign Affairs'']
*[http://www.lawtechjournal.com/ ''UCLA Journal of Law & Technology'']
*[http://orgs.law.ucla.edu/pblj/Pages/Default.aspx ''UCLA Pacific Basin Law Journal'']
*[http://orgs.law.ucla.edu/wlj/Pages/Default.aspx ''UCLA Women’s Law Journal'']
*[http://www.law.ucla.edu/nblj/ ''National Black Law Journal'']

===Student organizations===
*[http://www.law.ucla.edu/mlsa/ Muslim Law Students Association]
*[http://uclaoutlaw.bol.ucla.edu/ UCLA OUTlaws]

==Notable people==

=== Alumni ===
* [[Val Ackerman]] – First female president of [[USA Basketball]] (2005–2008); President of the [[Women's National Basketball Association|WNBA]] (1996–2005)
* [[Leslie Abramson]] - [[Criminal defense lawyer|Criminal defense attorney]] who defended [[Lyle and Erik Menendez]] and [[Phil Spector]]
* [[Stewart Baker]] - Assistant Secretary for Policy, [[United States Department of Homeland Security|U.S. Department of Homeland Security]] (2005-2009)
* [[Ann Baskins]] - General Counsel, [[Hewlett-Packard]] (2000-2006)
* [[Howard Berman]] – United States Congressman from California
* [[Thomas Bliss]] - Motion picture producer with credits on over 30 films, including ''[[The Hurricane (1999 film)|The Hurricane]]'' and ''[[Air Force One (film)|Air Force One]]''
* [[Harland Braun]] - Criminal defense attorney who defended [[John Landis]] and [[George Folsey, Jr.]] against [[manslaughter]] charges in the ''[[Twilight Zone: The Movie]]'' case
* [[Janice Rogers Brown]] – Judge, [[United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit|D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals]] (2005–); former Associate Justice of the [[Supreme Court of California]] (1996–2005)
* [[Joe Brown (judge)|Joe Brown]] - Former judge of the Criminal Court of the Thirtieth Judicial District of Tennessee ([[Shelby County, Tennessee|Shelby County]]); star of [[court show]] ''[[Judge Joe Brown]]'' (1998-2013)
* [[Rinaldo Brutoco]] - Entrepreneur; co-founder of early pay cable company [[Channel 100]]
* [[Vincent Bugliosi]] – Attorney and writer of non-fiction works as ''[[Helter Skelter (book)|Helter Skelter]]'' and ''[[The Betrayal of America|The Betrayal of America: How the Supreme Court Undermined the Constitution and Chose Our President]]''.
* [[Peter Carlisle]] – Former [[Mayor of Honolulu]] (2010-2013) and [[Prosecuting Attorney of Honolulu]] (1996-2010)<ref>[http://www.ndaa-apri.org/ndaa/profile/peter_carlisle_jan_feb_2004.html Peter B. Carlisle], National District Attorneys Association. Accessed December 3, 2007.</ref>
* [[Anna Caballero]] - Secretary of the [[California State and Consumer Services Agency]] (2011- ), member of the [[California State Assembly]] (2006-2010)
* [[Jeff Cohen (actor)|Jeff Cohen]] - Entertainment lawyer best known for work as [[child actor]] in ''[[The Goonies]]'' (1985)
* [[Drucilla Cornell]] - Professor, [[Rutgers University]], in political science, comparative literature, and women's studies (2001-); former professor of law at [[Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law]] (1989-1994) and [[Rutgers School of Law–Newark]] (1994-2001)
* [[David Dawson (politician)|David Dawson]] - Member from the 14th District, [[Iowa House of Representatives]] (2013-)
* [[Joshua Dressler]] – Professor, [[Moritz College of Law]], [[Ohio State University]] (2001-); prominent author in criminal law and criminal procedure
* [[Cara Dunne-Yates]] - Blind [[Paralympic Games|Paralympic]] athlete
* [[Gary Allen Feess]] - United States district judge on the [[United States District Court for the Central District of California|U.S. District Court for the Central District of California]] (1999-)
* [[Robert Fitzpatrick]] - Entertainment attorney, film producer, and music executive; President of [[Allied Artists International]]
* [[Richard D. Freer]] - Professor, [[Emory University School of Law]] (1983-); expert in civil procedure
* [[Dolly M. Gee]] – United States district judge on the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California (2010-)
* [[Kirsten Gillibrand]] – United States Senator from New York (2009-)
* [[Cynthia Gouw]] - Television show host, news anchor, reporter, actress, and model
* [[Philip S. Gutierrez]] - United States district judge on the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California (2007-)
* [[Richard L. Hasen]] - Chancellor's Professor, [[University of California, Irvine School of Law]] (2011-); expert in [[election law]] and [[campaign finance]]
* [[Julie Heldman]] - Retired professional tennis player
* [[John Howard (public health administrator)|John Howard]] - Director of the [[National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health]] (2002-2008, 2009-)
* [[Sandra Ikuta]] – Judge, [[United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit|Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals]] (2006–)
* [[Chip Johannessen]] - Writer and producer for several popular television shows
* [[Robert Clive Jones]] - Chief Judge, [[United States District Court for the District of Nevada|U.S. District Court for the District of Nevada]] (2003-)
* [[Alex Kozinski]] – Chief Judge, Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals (1985–)
* [[Stewart Kwoh]] - Founder and Executive Director of the [[Asian Pacific American Legal Center]]
* [[Laurie Levenson|Laurie L. Levenson]] – Professor, [[Loyola Law School]]; TV legal commentator, gained fame during Rodney King and O.J. Simpson trials
* [[Alicia Limtiaco]] – [[United States Attorney]] of [[Guam]]
* [[Kalyanee Mam]] - director and producer of the award-winning documentary ''[[A River Changes Course]]''
* [[George Mastras]] - writer and producer of AMC's ''[[Breaking Bad]]''
* [[Lowell Milken]] - Co-founder and chairman of the [[Milken Family Foundation]]
* [[Jeffrey T. Miller]] - Judge, [[United States District Court for the Southern District of California|U.S. District Court for the Southern District of California]] (1997-2010), Senior Judge (2010-)
* [[Dorothy Wright Nelson]] – Senior Judge, [[United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit|Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals]] (1979–); former Dean of the [[University of Southern California School of Law]] (1969–1980)
* [[Jacqueline Nguyen]], Judge, Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals (2012–), United States district judge on the [[United States District Court for the Central District of California]] (2009–2012)
* [[Stephan Pastis]] - Creator of the comic strip ''[[Pearls Before Swine (comics)|Pearls Before Swine]]''
* [[Jerry M. Patterson]] - Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from California's 38th Congressional District (1975-1985)
* [[Kelly Perdew]] – Winner of Season 2 of ''[[The Apprentice (U.S. TV series)|The Apprentice]]''
* [[Susan Westerberg Prager]] – Former Dean of the School of Law (1982–1998) – one of the first female law school deans; Professor at the UCLA School of Law (1972–1998, 2001–2006); Provost of [[Dartmouth College]] (1998–2001); President of [[Occidental College]] (2006–2007)
* [[Stewart Resnick]] - President and CEO of [[Roll Global]]
* [[James E. Rogan]] - California State Assemblyman, 43rd District (1994-1996); Congressman from California's 27th Congressional District (1997-2001); [[Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property]] and Director of the [[United States Patent and Trademark Office|USPTO]] (2001-2004); Judge of the Los Angeles Superior Court (2006-).
* [[Martine Rothblatt]] - Co-founder of [[PanAmSat]] and [[Sirius Satellite Radio]]
* [[Linda Sánchez]] – Congresswoman from California's 39th Congressional District (2002–)
* [[David P. Steiner]] – CEO, [[Waste Management, Inc]]<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.forbes.com/lists/2010/12/boss-10_David-P-Steiner_Z09T.html | work=Forbes | title=#251 David P Steiner | date=April 28, 2010}}</ref>
* [[James Tomkovicz]] - Professor, [[University of Iowa College of Law]] (1982); expert in criminal procedure
* [[Karen I. Tse]] - [[Human rights]] activist and [[social entrepreneur]]
* [[Eugene Volokh]] – UCLA Law professor and legal commentator
* [[Kim McLane Wardlaw]] – Judge, Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals (1998–)
* [[Paul J. Watford]] – Judge, Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals (2012–)
* [[Henry A. Waxman]] – Congressman from California's 30th Congressional District (1975–)
* [[Jack Weiss]] - Member, [[Los Angeles City Council]] (2001-2009)
* [[Joshua Wright]] - Commissioner, [[Federal Trade Commission]] (2013-)

=== Faculty ===
====Current====
* [[Richard Abel (lawyer)|Richard L. Abel]] - Member of the faculty since 1974; expert on [[sociology of law]]
* [[Khaled Abou El Fadl]] – Omar and Azmeralda Alfi Distinguished Professor of Law and expert in [[Usul al-fiqh|Islamic Jurisprudence]]; Chairman of Islamic Studies Department at UCLA<ref>[http://www.international.ucla.edu/person.asp?Facultystaff_ID=429 UCLA International Institute]</ref>
* [[Norman Abrams]] – Author of leading [[casebooks]] on federal criminal law, anti-terrorism law and evidence; member of the faculty since 1959; former UCLA Vice Chancellor of Academic Personnel; former acting Chancellor
* [[Stephen Bainbridge]] - Expert on corporations and business law
* [[Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw]] – Founding coordinator of the "Critical Race Theory Workshop" movement; Also teaches at [[Columbia Law School]]
* [[Gerald P. Lopez]] – Author of works on rebellious lawyering, community lawyering, re-entry issues and Director of the Center for Community Problem Solving
* [[Lynn M. LoPucki]] – Security Pacific Bank Professor of Law. LoPucki's Bankruptcy Research Database provides data for empirical work bankruptcy
* [[Daniel H. Lowenstein (attorney)|Daniel H. Lowenstein]] - Expert on election law
* [[Grant S. Nelson]] - Noted authority on [[real estate law]]
* [[David Nimmer]] - Expert on [[copyright]] law
* [[Frances Olsen]] – Expert on [[Feminist Legal Theory]]
* [[Seana Shiffrin]] - Expert on [[philosophy of law]]
* [[Richard Harold Steinberg|Richard H. Steinberg]] - Expert on international law
* [[Eugene Volokh]] – Author of textbooks on First Amendment law and academic legal writing; author of over 45 law review articles; founder of [[The Volokh Conspiracy]] weblog
====Former====
* [[Brainerd Currie]] - Professor (1949-1952); expert on the [[conflict of laws in the United States]]
* [[Jesse Dukeminier]] - Professor (1963-2003); expert on property law, wills, trusts, and estates
* [[Bill Felstiner]] - Assistant Professor (1973-1976); expert on sociology of law
* [[Jody Freeman]] - Professor (1995-2005); expert on administrative law and environmental law
* [[Laura E. Gómez]] - Professor (1993-2005); expert on critical race studies
* [[James L. Malone (diplomat)|James L. Malone]] - Associate Dean (1961-1967); later became [[Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs]] (1981-1985)
* [[Mari Matsuda]] - First female Asian-American law professor to obtain tenure at any law school in the United States, while teaching at UCLA Law in 1998
* [[Richard Maxwell (academic)|Richard C. Maxwell]] - Dean of the School of Law (1958-1969)
* [[Melville Nimmer|Melville B. Nimmer]] – Professor (1962-1985); expert on U.S. [[copyright]] law and father of David Nimmer
* [[Cruz Reynoso]] - Professor (1991-2001), former Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of California (1982-1987)
* [[Michael H. Schill]] - Dean and Professor (2004-2009), expert on property law and urban planning
* [[Lynn Stout]] - Professor (2001-2012); expert on corporate law, securities, and derivatives

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

== External links ==
*{{Official website|http://www.law.ucla.edu|UCLA School of Law}}

{{UCLA}}
{{California law schools accredited by the American Bar Association}}

{{coord missing|Los Angeles County, California}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ucla School Of Law}}
[[Category:ABA-accredited law schools in California|California, Los Angeles]]
[[Category:University of California, Los Angeles|School of Law]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1949]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in Los Angeles, California]]
[[Category:1949 establishments in California]]
[[Category:Westwood, Los Angeles]]

University of California, Los Angeles

2013-10-23T15:51:11Z

Casecrer: replacing copyright protected image by public domain image

{{Hatnote|"UCLA", "Ucla", and "U.C.L.A." redirect here. For other uses, see [[UCLA (disambiguation)]].}}
{{Infobox university
|name = University of California, Los Angeles
|motto = ''[[Fiat lux]]'' ([[Latin]])
|mottoeng = [[Let there be light]]
|image =[[File:The University of California UCLA.svg|200px]]
|established = 1882/1919 (became the second UC campus)
|calendar = Quarter
|type = [[Public university|Public]]
|endowment = US $2.59 billion <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucop.edu/treasurer/_files/report/UC_Annual_Endowment_Report_FY2011-2012.pdf |title=UC Annual Endowment Report, Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012; p.4 |accessdate=2013-01-07 |publisher=Office of the Treasurer of the Regents of the University of California|format=PDF}}</ref>
|staff =26,139
|faculty =4,016<ref name="about">{{cite web |url=http://www.ucla.edu/about.html |title=UCLA Gateway |accessdate=2007-05-16|year=2007 |work=Official site }}</ref>
|chancellor =[[Gene D. Block]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucla.edu/chancellor/ |title=Gene D. Block |accessdate=2007-05-16 |author=UCLA |year=2007 |work=UCLA }}</ref>
|provost =Scott L. Waugh<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucla.edu/administration.html |title=UCLA Administration |accessdate=2007-05-20 |date=Current |work=Official site }}</ref>
|students = 39,945 (2012)<ref name="Enrollment">[http://www.aim.ucla.edu/enrollment/enrollment.asp ]{{dead link|date=July 2013}}</ref>
|undergrad = 27,941 (2012)<ref name="Enrollment"/>
|postgrad = 12,004 (2012)<ref name="Enrollment"/>
|city = [[Los Angeles, California]]
|state =
|country = United States
|coor = {{Coord|34|04|20.00|N|118|26|38.75|W|type:edu_region:US-CA|display=it}}
|campus =[[urban area|Urban]] 419 acres (1.7 km²)<ref name="Campus Facts">{{cite web|url=http://finreports.universityofcalifornia.edu/index.php?file=10-11/pdf/fullreport_1011.pdf |format=PDF |title=UC Financial Reports – Campus Facts in Brief; p.8-9 |year=2010-11 |publisher=University of California |accessdate=November 17, 2012}}</ref>
|former_names = University of California Southern Branch (1919–1927) University of California at Los Angeles (1927–1958)
|colors = {{color box|#536895}} [[UCLA Blue]]<ref name="UCLA Identity">{{cite web|url=http://www.identity.ucla.edu/graphicstandards/UCLAStandardsManual0904.pdf |title=Graphics Standards Manual|date=2004-09-08|accessdate=2008-03-16|publisher=University of California, Los Angeles|format=PDF}}</ref> {{color box|#FFB300}} [[UCLA Gold]]<ref name="UCLA Identity" />
|nickname = [[UCLA Bruins]]
|mascot = Joe & Josephine Bruin <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.english.ucla.edu/ucla1960s/6263/bear.htm |title=Bruin Bear |accessdate=2007-05-20 |author=Ho, Melanie |year=2005 |work=UCLA English department |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070219034235/http://www.english.ucla.edu/ucla1960s/6263/bear.htm |archivedate = February 19, 2007}}</ref>
|athletics = 22 Varsity Teams [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] [[Division I (NCAA)|Division I]]
|nobel_laureates = [[Nobel Prize laureates by university affiliation|10]]
|free_label = [[Nobel Laureates]]
|free = 13<ref name="Nobel">{{cite web|url=http://nobel.universityofcalifornia.edu/list.html |title=University of California Nobel Laureates |accessdate=13 May 2013 |publisher=[[University of California]]}}</ref>
|affiliations = [[Association of American Universities|AAU]] [[Association of Pacific Rim Universities|Pacific Rim]] [[Pacific-12 Conference|Pacific-12]] [[University of California]]
|free_label = Newspaper
|free = ''[[Daily Bruin]]''
|website =[http://www.ucla.edu ucla.edu]
|logo =[[File:UCLA Logo.svg|200px]]
}}
The '''University of California, Los Angeles''' ('''UC Los Angeles''' or '''UCLA''') is a [[public university|public]] [[research]] university located in the [[Westwood, Los Angeles|Westwood]] neighborhood of [[Los Angeles, California]], United States. It is the second-oldest of the general-education campuses of the [[University of California]] system.<ref name=admission>{{cite web|url=http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2008/fall_2008_admissions_table_5.pdf |title=Fall 2008 Admissions Table|format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2012-10-14}}</ref> UCLA is one of the two flagship universities in the UC system (alongside [[University of California, Berkeley|the original University of California campus]]).<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1996-03-21/news/mn-49655_1_ucla-officials/5|title=UCLA Eased Entry Rules for the Rich, Well-Connected|accessdate=2011-05-27 |work=Los Angeles Times|quote="The controversy over private admissions preferences strikes at the heart of the dilemma over how to allocate limited slots for undergraduates. At Berkeley, the flagship campus, and UCLA the competition is particularly acute, and admissions officers must turn away thousands of qualified applicants each year."|first1=Ralph|last1=Frammolino|first2=Mark|last2=Gladstone|first3=Henry|last3=Weinstein|date=1996-03-21}}</ref><ref name="UCLA Campus Profile">{{cite news |url= http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-uc-tuition-20110509,0,5070335.story |title=University of California weighs varying tuitions at its 10 campuses |accessdate=2011-05-17 |work=L.A. Times|quote=In contrast, UC has UC Berkeley and UCLA, both often considered flagships, and several other campuses with high national rankings, he and other analysts said |first=Larry |last=Gordon |date=2011-05-09}}</ref><ref name="Los Angeles Times">{{cite news |url=http://articles.latimes.com/2007/dec/11/nation/na-harvard11|title=THE NATION; Higher-earning families to get a break at Harvard; Tuition will be slashed to 10% of income for those making $180,000 a year or less, making it cheaper than UCLA|accessdate=2011-05-20 |work=Los Angeles Times|quote="That means any student that comes from such a family will pay less to attend Harvard than most flagship public universities, including UCLA"|first=Jason|last=Song|date=2007-12-11}}</ref><ref name="Los Angeles Magazine">{{cite web |url=http://books.google.com.ph/books?id=010EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA62&dq=Flagship+UC+Campuses&hl=tl&ei=66beTeqiGYiIuAOx3ty9BQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Flagship%20UC%20Campuses&f=false|title= How To Get Into the Nations Most Celebrated Colleges|accessdate=2011-05-25 |year=2005|work=Los Angeles Magazine|quote="The Ivy League Schools and their ilk (Stanford) and the flagship UC campuses dominate their lists...and a few other less competitive UC Campuses (San Diego, Santa Barbara, Irvine) as fall-backs." }}</ref> The university was founded in 1882 as the satellite branch of [[San Jose State University]] (the oldest campus in the [[California State University]] system) and in 1919 became the second campus of the [[University of California]] system. It offers 337 undergraduate and graduate degree programs in a wide range of disciplines.<ref name="newsroom.ucla.edu">Vazquez, Ricardo. (2013-01-18) [http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/ucla-sets-new-undergraduate-applications-242778.aspx UCLA sets new undergraduate applications record / UCLA Newsroom]. Newsroom.ucla.edu. Retrieved on 2013-07-14.</ref> With an approximate enrollment of 28,000 undergraduate and 12,000 graduate students, UCLA is the university with the largest enrollment in the state of California<ref>{{cite web|url=http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/ucla-admits-more-than-15-000-seniors-232101.aspx |title=UCLA admits more than 15,000 students for Fall 2012 freshman class|publisher= Daily Bruin}}</ref> and the most applied to university in the World with over 100,000 applications for fall 2013. <ref>{{cite web|last=Bartlett |first=Lauren |url=http://www.newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/UCLA-Remains-the-Country-s-Most-7664.aspx |title=UCLA Remains the Country’s Most Popular University with More Than 50,000 High School Seniors Applying for Fall / UCLA Newsroom |publisher=Newsroom.ucla.edu |date=2007-01-24 |accessdate=2012-10-14}}</ref> The university has been labeled one of the [[Public Ivies]], a publicly funded university considered as providing a quality of education comparable to those of the [[Ivy League]].

The university is organized into five undergraduate colleges, seven professional schools, and four professional health science schools. The undergraduate colleges are the College of Letters and Science; Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science; School of the Arts and Architecture; School of Theater, Film, and Television; and School of Nursing. Fifteen<ref name="NobelFaculty"/><ref name="NobelAlumni"/> [[Nobel Prize]] laureates, one [[Fields Medal]]ist,<ref name="Terence Tao, 'Mozart of Math,' wins Fields Medal, called 'Nobel Prize in math'">{{cite web|url=http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2006-08/uoc--tt082206.php |title=Terence Tao, 'Mozart of Math,' wins Fields Medal, called 'Nobel Prize in math'|publisher=EurekAlert |year=2012 |accessdate=2012-04-20}}</ref> and two [[Turing Award]] winners<ref name="Professor Judea Pearl receives Alan Turing award for work on artificial intelligence">{{cite web|url=http://www.dailybruin.com/index.php/article/2012/04/professor_judea_pearl_receives_alan_turing_award_for_work_on_artificial_intelligence |title=Professor Judea Pearl receives Alan Turing award for work on artificial intelligence|publisher=Daily Bruin |year=2012 |accessdate=2012-04-20}}</ref> have been affiliated with the university as faculty, researchers, or alumni. Among the current faculty members, 51 have been elected to the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]], 22 to the [[National Academy of Engineering]], 37 to the [[Institute of Medicine]], and 120 to the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]].<ref name="UCLA Research Facts">{{cite web|url=http://www.ovcr.ucla.edu/uploads/file/UCLA%20Research%20Fact%20Sheet%202009.pdf |title=UCLA Research Facts|publisher=Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research |year=2006–2007 |accessdate=2009-11-14}}</ref> The university was elected to the [[Association of American Universities]] in 1974.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aau.edu/about/article.aspx?id=5476 |title=Member Institutions and Years of Admission |publisher= Association of American Universities}}</ref>

UCLA student-athletes compete intercollegiately as the [[UCLA Bruins|Bruins]] in the [[Pacific-12 Conference]]. The Bruins have won 125 national championships, including 109 [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] team championships, leading the nation as the most successful athletic program.<ref name="NCAA Rankings">{{cite web |url=http://web1.ncaa.org/web_files/stats/champs_records_book/summaries/combined.pdf |title=NCAA |accessdate=2009-11-14|work=NCAA }}</ref><ref name="UCLA Champions Made Here">{{cite web |url=http://www.uclabruins.com/trads/no-1-combined-program.html |title=UCLA Champions Made Here |accessdate=2009-11-14|work=UCLA Official Athletic Site }}</ref> UCLA student-athletes have won 250 [[Olympic medals]]: 125 gold, 65 silver and 60 bronze.<ref>{{cite web|title=UCLA Bruins All-Time Olympians|url=http://www.uclabruins.com/sports/olympics/spec-rel/all-time-olympians.html|work=http://www.uclabruins.com|publisher=UCLA|accessdate=8 March 2013}}</ref> The Bruins have competed in every Olympics since 1920 with one exception (1924), and have won a gold medal in every Olympics that the United States has participated in since 1932.<ref name="UCLA Bruins">{{cite web|url=http://www.uclabruins.com/ot/olympic-medalists.html |title=UCLA Bruins}}</ref>

==History==
{{Main|History of the University of California, Los Angeles}}

In March 1881, after heavy lobbying by Los Angeles residents, the [[California State Legislature]] authorized the creation of a southern branch of the [[California State Normal School]] (which later became [[San Jose State University]]) in [[downtown Los Angeles]] to train teachers for the growing population of [[Southern California]]. The State [[Normal School]] at Los Angeles opened on August 29, 1882, on what is now the site of the Central Library of the [[Los Angeles Public Library]] system. The new facility included an [[elementary school]] where teachers-in-training could practice their teaching technique on children. That elementary school is related to the present day version, [[UCLA Lab School]]. In 1887, the school became known as the Los Angeles State Normal School.<ref name="berkeley">{{cite web |url=http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/UCHistory/general_history/campuses/ucla/overview.html |title=(UC) Los Angeles: Historical Overview |accessdate=2006-06-20 |author=Hamilton, Andrew |date=2004-06-18 |work=University of California History, Digital Archives (from Berkeley) }}</ref>

[[Image:UCLA-old-statenormal-campus.jpg|thumb|left|The Los Angeles branch of [[California State Normal School]], 1881.]]

In 1914, the school moved to a new campus on [[Vermont Avenue]] (now the site of [[Los Angeles City College]]) in [[East Hollywood, Los Angeles|East Hollywood]]. In 1917, UC Regent [[Edward Augustus Dickson]], the only regent representing the Southland at the time, and [[Ernest Carroll Moore]], Director of the Normal School, began working together to lobby the State Legislature to enable the school to become the second [[University of California]] campus, after [[University of California, Berkeley|UC Berkeley]]. They met resistance from UC Berkeley alumni, Northern California members of the state legislature, and [[Benjamin Ide Wheeler]], President of the University of California from 1899 to 1919, who were all vigorously opposed to the idea of a southern campus. However, [[David Prescott Barrows]], the new President of the University of California, did not share Wheeler's objections. On May 23, 1919, the Southern Californians' efforts were rewarded when Governor [[William Stephens|William D. Stephens]] signed Assembly Bill 626 into law, which merged the Los Angeles Normal School with the University of California as the Southern Branch of the University of California. The same legislation added its general undergraduate program, the College of Letters and Science.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.library.ucla.edu/libraries/special/scweb/archives.htm |title=UCLA University Archives |accessdate=2006-06-20 |date=2007-01-20 |work=UCLA Library |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20060615035434/http://www.library.ucla.edu/libraries/special/scweb/archives.htm  |archivedate = 2006-06-15}}</ref> The Southern Branch campus opened on September 15 of that year, offering two-year undergraduate programs to 250 Letters and Science students and 1,250 students in the Teachers College, under Moore's continued direction.

[[Image:UCLA-vermontcampus-1922.jpg|thumb|right|University of California, Southern Branch's Vermont Campus, 1922.]]

Under University of California President [[William Wallace Campbell]], enrollment at the Southern Branch expanded so rapidly that by the mid-1920s the institution was outgrowing the 25 [[acre]] Vermont Avenue location. The Regents conducted a search for a new location and announced their selection of the so-called "Beverly Site"—just west of [[Beverly Hills, California|Beverly Hills]]—on March 21, 1925 edging out the panoramic hills of the still-empty Palos Verdes Peninsula. After the athletic teams entered the Pacific Coast conference in 1926, the Southern Branch student council adopted the nickname "Bruins," a name offered by the student council at UC Berkeley.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ulwaf.com/Daily-Bruin-History/03_Birth.html |title=The Daily Bruin Is Born |accessdate=2006-07-03 |author=Garrigues, George |year=2001 |work=Loud Bark and Curious Eyes, A History of the UCLA Daily Bruin, 1919–1955 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20060528022042/http://ulwaf.com/Daily-Bruin-History/03_Birth.html |archivedate = May 28, 2006}}</ref> In 1927, the Regents renamed the Southern Branch the "University of California at Los Angeles" (the word "at" was officially replaced by a [[comma]] in 1958, in line with other UC campuses). In the same year, the state broke ground in [[Westwood, Los Angeles, California|Westwood]] on land sold for $1 million, less than one-third its value, by real estate developers [[Janss Investment Company|Edwin and Harold Janss]], for whom the Janss Steps are named.<ref name="berkeley" />

The original four buildings were the College Library, [[Royce Hall]], the Physics-Biology Building, and the Chemistry Building (now [[Powell Library]], Royce Hall, the Humanities Building, and Haines Hall, respectively), arrayed around a quadrangular courtyard on the 400 acre (1.6 km²) campus. The first undergraduate classes on the new campus were held in 1929 with 5,500 students. In 1933, after further lobbying by alumni, faculty, administration and community leaders, UCLA was permitted to award the [[master's degree]], and in 1936, the [[doctorate]], against continued resistance from UC Berkeley.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://alumni.ucla.edu/alumni-association/history/default.aspx |title=History: The Beginning | accessdate=2013-04-04 |author=UCLA Alumni |year=2012 |work=UCLA Alumni }}</ref>

A timeline of the history can be found on its website,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uclahistoryproject.ucla.edu/Timeline/ |title=Welcome |publisher=Uclahistoryproject.ucla.edu |date=1997-06-30 |accessdate=2012-07-14}}</ref> as well as a published book.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uclahistoryproject.ucla.edu/Book/default.asp |title=The Book |publisher=Uclahistoryproject.ucla.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-07-14}}</ref>

===Maturity as a university===
UCLA was formally elevated to co-equal status with UC Berkeley in 1951, when Raymond B. Allen was named as its first chancellor. Previously, the school's chief executive had been the provost. The appointment of [[Franklin David Murphy]] to the position of Chancellor in 1960 helped to spark an era of tremendous growth of facilities and faculty honors. By the end of the decade, UCLA had achieved distinction in a wide range of subjects. This era also secured UCLA's position as a proper university in its own right and not simply a branch of the UC system. This change is exemplified by an incident involving Chancellor Murphy, which was described by him later on:

<blockquote>"I picked up the telephone and called in from somewhere, and the phone operator said, 'University of California.' And I said, 'Is this Berkeley?' She said, 'No.' I said, 'Well, who have I gotten to?' 'UCLA.' I said, 'Why didn't you say UCLA?' 'Oh,' she said, 'we're instructed to say University of California.' So the next morning I went to the office and wrote a memo; I said, 'Will you please instruct the operators, as of noon today, when they answer the phone to say, "UCLA."' And they said, 'You know they won't like it at Berkeley.' And I said, 'Well, let's just see. There are a few things maybe we can do around here without getting their permission.'" <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.today.ucla.edu/1999/991109caught.html |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20060901112349/http://www.today.ucla.edu/1999/991109caught.html |archivedate=2006-09-01 |title=Caught on Tape: Voices from UCLA's Past |accessdate=2008-01-25 |author=Ko, Amy |year=1999 |work=UCLA Today }}</ref></blockquote>
[[Image:220px-UCLA Bruin.jpg|left|thumb|The Bruin statue, designed by Billy Fitzgerald, in Bruin Plaza.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.publicartinla.com/UCLAArt/bruin_bear.html|title=Billy Fitzgerald, The Bruin}}</ref>]]
In 2006, the university completed Campaign UCLA, which collected over $3.05 billion and is the second most successful fundraising campaign among public universities.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.michigandaily.com/content/2009-04-16/tough-times-u-pushes-forward-fundraising-efforts |title=In tough times, 'U' pushes forward with fundraising efforts |accessdate=2009-11-15 |author=Kyle Swanson |year=2009 |work=The Michigan Daily }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.michigandaily.com/content/na/32-billion-michigan-difference-total-announced |title=$3.2 billion Michigan Difference total announced |accessdate=2009-11-15 |author=Lindy Stevens |year=2009 |work=The Michigan Daily }}</ref> In 2008, UCLA raised over $456 million, ranking the institution among the top 10 universities in the United States in total fundraising for the year.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newsroom.ucla.edu/page.asp?RelNum=6819 |title=UCLA Raises More Than $3 Billion ... Research Universities |accessdate=2007-05-18 |author=Hampton, Phil |year=2006 |work=UCLA News }}</ref>

On January 26, 2011, Meyer and Renee Luskin donated $100 million to UCLA.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/local-business-leader-donates-191259.aspx |title=Local business leader donates $100 million to transform UCLA's role in civic participation, education of future public leaders |accessdate=2011-02-14 |author=Hampton, Phil |year=2011 |work=UCLA News }}</ref> On February 14, 2011, UCLA received a $200 million donation gift by The Lincy Foundation in order to establish The Dream Fund, which is "a community-based fund devoted to the support of medical research and academic programs at UCLA."<ref>{{cite web | url=http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/ucla-and-private-foundation-partner-192057.aspx |title=UCLA receives $200 million gift to create unique philanthropic fund |accessdate=2011-02-14 |author=Hampton, Phil |year=2011 |work=UCLA News }}</ref>

==Campus==
When UCLA opened its new campus in 1929, it had four buildings - Royce Hall and Haines Hall on the north, and Powell Library and Kinsey Hall (now the Humanities Building) on the south. The Janss steps were the original 87-step entrance to the university that lead directly to the quad of these four buildings. Today, the campus includes 163 buildings across 419 acres (1.7 km²) in the western part of [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]], north of the [[Westwood, Los Angeles, California|Westwood]] shopping district and just south of [[Sunset Boulevard]]. In terms of acreage, it is the second smallest of the ten UC campuses.<ref name="Campus Facts"/> The campus is close but not adjacent to the 405 [[Interstate 405 (California)|San Diego Freeway]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mapquest.com/maps/map.adp?latlongtype=internal&addtohistory=&latitude=%2fujp23Q4CoQyaX7fYDsWRA%3d%3d&longitude=8%2fGfpeQs3DIJqAXMypI90g%3d%3d&name=UNIVERSITY%20of%20California&country=US&address=405%20Hilgard%20Ave&city=Los%20Angeles&state=CA&zipcode=90095&phone=310%2d825%2d4321&spurl=0&&q=UCLA&qc=Colleges%20%26%20Universities |title=Map of UNIVERSITY of California |accessdate=2007-05-29 |date=Current |work=Mapquest }}</ref>

The campus includes sculpture gardens, fountains, museums, and a mix of architectural styles. It is located in the residential area of [[Westwood, Los Angeles, California|Westwood]] and bordered by [[Bel-Air, Los Angeles, California|Bel-Air]], [[Beverly Hills, California|Beverly Hills]], and [[Brentwood, Los Angeles, California|Brentwood]]. The campus is informally divided into North Campus and South Campus, which are both on the eastern half of the university's land. North Campus is the original campus core; its buildings are more old-fashioned in appearance and clad in imported Italian brick. North Campus is home to the arts, humanities, social sciences, law, and business programs and is centered around ficus and sycamore-lined Dickson Court, also known as the "Sunken Garden." South Campus is home to the physical sciences, life sciences, engineering, psychology, mathematical sciences, health-related fields, and the [[UCLA Medical Center]].

[[Image:Janss Steps, Royce Hall in background, UCLA.jpg|thumb|Janss Steps, in front of Royce Hall]]

Ackerman Union, the [[John Wooden]] Center, the [[Arthur Ashe]] Health and Wellness Center, the Student Activities Center, Kerckhoff Hall, the J.D. Morgan Center, the James West Alumni Center, and [[Pauley Pavilion]] stand at the center of the campus, bordering Wilson Plaza. Bruin Walk, a heavily traveled pathway from the residential hill to the main campus, bisects the campus.

In Wilson Plaza, the Bruin bear serves as a landmark of the UCLA campus that people from all around the world come to take pictures with.

===Architecture===
The first campus buildings were designed by the local firm [[Allison & Allison]]. The [[Romanesque Revival architecture|Romanesque Revival]] style of these first four structures remained the predominant building style on campus until the 1950s, when architect [[Welton Becket]] was hired to supervise the expansion of the campus over the next two decades. Becket greatly streamlined the
general appearance of the campus, adding several rows of [[Minimalism|minimalist]], slab–shaped brick buildings to the southern half of the campus, the largest of these being the [[UCLA Medical Center]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.emporis.com/en/cd/cm/?id=weltonbecketandassociates-losangeles-ca-usa |title=Welton Becket and Associates |accessdate=2007-05-29 |year=2007 |work=Emporis Buildings }}</ref> Architects such as [[A. Quincy Jones]], [[William Pereira]] and [[Paul Williams (architect)|Paul Williams]] designed many subsequent structures on the campus during the mid-20th century. More recent additions include buildings designed by architects [[I.M. Pei]], [[Venturi, Scott Brown and Associates]], [[Richard Meier]], [[Cesar Pelli]], and [[Rafael Vinoly]]. In order to accommodate UCLA's rapidly growing student population, multiple construction and renovation projects are in progress, including expansions of the life sciences and engineering research complexes. This continuous construction gives UCLA the on-campus nickname of "Under Construction Like Always."<ref name="construction">{{cite web |url=http://www.today.ucla.edu/2004/041012closeup_senseofplace.html |title=A 'sense of place' from the old and new |accessdate=2007-05-29 |author=Lee, Cynthia |date=2004-10-12 |work=UCLA Today |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070128014442/http://www.today.ucla.edu/2004/041012closeup_senseofplace.html |archivedate = January 28, 2007}}</ref>

[[File:Royce Hall post rain.jpg|thumb|left|[[Royce Hall]], one of the original four buildings, inspired by [[Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio]]]]

The tallest building on campus is named after African-American alumnus [[Ralph Bunche]], who received the 1950 [[Nobel Peace Prize]] for negotiating an armistice agreement between the Jews and Arabs in Israel. A bust of him, on the entrance to Bunche Hall, overlooks the [[Franklin D. Murphy]] Sculpture Garden. He was the first individual of non-European background and the first UCLA alumnus to be honored with the Prize.

The [[Hannah Carter Japanese Garden]] is located a mile from campus, in the community of [[Bel Air, Los Angeles|Bel Air]]. The garden was designed by landscape architect [[Nagao Sakurai]] of Tokyo and garden designer [[Kazuo Nakamura]] of Kyoto in 1959. After the garden was damaged by heavy rains in 1969, UCLA Professor of Art and Campus Architect Koichi Kawana took on the task of its reconstruction.

=== Filming ===
With a location near [[Hollywood]] and a world-famous film and television school, the UCLA campus has attracted filming for decades. Much of the 1985 film ''[[Gotcha! (1985 film)|Gotcha!]]'' was shot at UCLA, as well as [[John Singleton]]'s ''[[Higher Learning]]'' (1995). ''[[Legally Blonde]]'' (2001), ''[[Old School (film)|Old School]]'' (2003), ''[[The Nutty Professor]]'' (1995), ''[[Erin Brockovich]]'' (2000), ''[[How High]]'' (2001), ''[[National Lampoon's Van Wilder]]'' (2002), ''[[American Pie 2]]'' (2001), and ''[[Bring It On Again]]'' (2004) were all mainly shot at the university campus or locale. In January 2009, the [[Bollywood]] movie ''[[My Name is Khan]]'' was shot at UCLA. Some of the exterior shots of the fictional UC Sunnydale in ''[[Buffy the Vampire Slayer (TV series)|Buffy the Vampire Slayer]]'', and ABC Family original series [[Greek (TV series)|Greek]] were also filmed at UCLA. In response to the major demand for filming, UCLA instated a policy on filming and professional photography at the campus.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.adminvc.ucla.edu/appm/public/app_0863_0.html |title=UCLA Policy 863: Filming and Photography on Campus |accessdate=2007-05-21 |date=2004-01-23 |author=Morabito, Sam |work=UCLA Administrative Policies & Procedures Manual |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20060901090414/http://www.adminvc.ucla.edu/appm/public/app_0863_0.html |archivedate = September 1, 2006}}</ref>
"UCLA is located in Los Angeles, the same place as the American motion picture industry," said UCLA visiting professor of film and television Jonathan Kuntz.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tft.ucla.edu/faculty/facftv/index.cfm?action=showbio&alias=jkuntz&pagetype=blank |title=Jonathan Kuntz – Visiting Associate Professor |accessdate=2007-05-21 |year=2007 |work=UCLA School of Theater, Film, and Television }}</ref> "So we're convenient for (almost) all of the movie companies, TV production companies, commercial companies and so on. We're right where the action is."

[[Image:California Nanosystems Institute, interior walkways, UCLA.jpg|thumb|left|[[California NanoSystems Institute]] interior walkways built over a parking structure.]]

=== Transportation and parking ===
The campus maintains 24,000 parking spaces and operates an award-winning sustainable transportation program.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/sustainability/documents/update_la.pdf |title=UCLA Transportation: An Overview |accessdate=2010-08-09 |author=Fortier, Renee A.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.sustain.ucla.edu/news/article.asp?parentid=840 |title =UCLA's Sustainble Transportation Efforts |accessdate=2010-08-09 |author=UCLA Sustainability}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.metro.net/news/simple_pr/ucla-first-major-university-l-county-go-metro-metr/ |title=UCLA First Major University in L.A. County to "Go Metro" with Metro Discounted Transit Pass Program |accessdate=2010-08-09 |author=Los Angeles Metropolitan Transportation Authority}}</ref> Elements of the sustainable transportation program include vanpools, a campus shuttle system called [http://www.bruinbus.ucla.edu BruinBus], discounted carpool permits, and subsidized transit passes. One of the pass programs includes BruinGo!,<ref>{{cite web|title=BruinGo - Transportation|url=http://www.sustain.ucla.edu/handbook/article.asp?parentid=2895|publisher=UCLA Sustainability|accessdate=8 November 2012}}</ref> which allows students and staff members to purchase discounted one-way or quarterly passes to ride [[Santa Monica, California|Santa Monica]]'s [[Big Blue Bus]] and Culver City's [[Culver CityBus]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.today.ucla.edu/2002/020507bruingo.html |title=Why BruinGO should stay |accessdate=2007-05-22 |author=Dukakis, Michael and Shoup, Donald |year=2002 |work=UCLA Today |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20060901111332/http://www.today.ucla.edu/2002/020507bruingo.html |archivedate = September 1, 2006}}</ref>

==Academics==

===Healthcare===
[[Image:Medcenter.jpg|thumb|right|UCLA Medical Plaza, near the main entrance to the campus]]
The [[David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA|David Geffen School of Medicine]], along with the [[UCLA School of Nursing|School of Nursing]], [[UCLA School of Dentistry|School of Dentistry]], and [[UCLA School of Public Health|Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health]], constitute the professional schools of health science. The [[California Nanosystems Institute|California NanoSystems Institute]] is another project that was created out of a partnership with [[University of California, Santa Barbara|UCSB]] to pioneer innovations in the field of [[nanotechnology]].<ref name="construction" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cnsi.ucla.edu/staticpages/about-us |title=About CNSI |accessdate=2007-05-21 |year=2006 |work=California NanoSystems Institute }}</ref>

The [[Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center]] is a part of a larger healthcare system, UCLA Health System, which also operates a hospital in [[Santa Monica, California|Santa Monica]] and twelve primary care clinics throughout [[Los Angeles County]]. In addition, the UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine uses two [[Los Angeles County]] public hospitals as teaching hospitals—[[Harbor-UCLA Medical Center]] and [[Olive View-UCLA Medical Center]]—as well as the largest private nonprofit hospital on the west coast, [[Cedars-Sinai Medical Center]].
In 1981, the UCLA Medical Center made history when an assistant professor named Michael Gottlieb first diagnosed an unknown affliction later to be called [[AIDS]]. UCLA medical researchers also pioneered the use of PET scanning to study brain function. The signaling cascade of [[nitric oxide]], one of the most important molecules in cardiopulmonary physiology was discovered in part by the medical school's Professor of Pharmacology Louis J. Ignarro. For this, he was awarded the 1998 [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] along with two other researchers – Robert F. Furchgott of the SUNY Health Science Center and Ferid Murad of the University of Texas Medical School at Houston.

In the 2012 edition of ''[[U.S. News and World Report]]'', UCLA Medical Center was ranked "Best in the West", as well as one of the top five hospitals in the United States. In 14 of the 16 medical specialty areas examined, UCLA Medical Center ranked in the top 20.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uclahealth.org/body.cfm?id=18 |title=Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center rated one of top hospitals in the U.S. |accessdate=2013-01-06 |year=2012 |work=UCLA Health System}}</ref>

===Rankings===
{{Infobox US university ranking
| ARWU_W = 12
| ARWU_N =10
| BW =
| EC =
| FT =
| GUR =
| THES_W = 12
| THES_N = 9
| USNWR_NU = 23
| CGC_NU =
| Wamo_NU = 6
| WSJ =14
| Forbes = 34
| QS_W = 40
| URAP =
}}

====Global rankings====
In 2013–2014, UCLA ranked 12th in academics and 8th for reputation in the ''[[Times Higher Education World University Rankings]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/2013-14/world-ranking |title=The World University Rankings |year=2013 |work=''Times Higher Education World University Rankings'' 2013–2014 |publisher=TSL Education Ltd. |accessdate=2013-10-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/2013/reputation-ranking |title=Top Universities by Reputation 2013 |year=2013 |work=''Times Higher Education World University Rankings'' 2013–2014 |publisher=TSL Education Ltd. |accessdate=2013-10-03}}</ref> In 2013, UCLA was ranked 40th in the ''[[QS World University Rankings]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2013 |title=''QS World University Rankings'' |publisher=QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited |accessdate=2013-10-03}}</ref> 12th in the world (10th in North America) by the [[Academic Ranking of World Universities]]<ref name="Academic Ranking of World Universities - 2012">{{cite web |url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/ARWU2012.html |title=Academic Ranking of World Universities - 2012 |accessdate=2013-01-02}}</ref> and 23rd in the world (13th in North America) in ''[[Financial Times]]''' Global [[MBA]] Rankings.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rankings.ft.com/businessschoolrankings/global-mba-ranking-2013 |title=Business school rankings from the Financial Times – Global MBA Rankings 2013 |publisher=Rankings.ft.com |date= |accessdate=2013-02-02}}</ref> [[Human Resources & Labor Review]], a national human competitiveness index & analysis, ranked the university 14th in the world in 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.chasecareer.net/news_detail.php?id=61 |title= Hrlr 300 best world universities 2012 |publisher= ChaseCareer Network}}</ref>

====National rankings====
The 2014 annual ranking by ''[[U.S. News & World Report]]'' ranked UCLA second among public universities (tied with [[University of Virginia|UVA]]) and 23rd among national universities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/rankings/national-universities/page+3 | title=National University Rankings |publisher=''U.S. News & World Report'' |accessdate=2013-01-26}}</ref> ''[[The Washington Monthly]]'' ranked UCLA 6th nationally among national universities in 2012, with criteria based on research, community service, and social mobility.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/college_guide/rankings_2012/national_university_rank.php |title=National Universities|accessdate=2013-01-19|year=2012|publisher=The Washington Monthly}}</ref> In 2013 ''[[Kiplinger]]'' ranked UCLA 6th out of the top 100 best-value public colleges and universities in the nation, and 1st in California.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.kiplinger.com/tool/college/T014-S001-kiplinger-s-best-values-in-public-colleges/index.php |work=[[Kiplinger's Personal Finance|Kiplinger]] |title=Kiplinger's Best Values in Public Colleges |date=2013-01-15}}</ref> UCLA was ranked third among national research universities by the [[Center for Measuring University Performance]] in 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mup.asu.edu/research2011.pdf |format=PDF|title=The Top American Research Universities: 2011 Annual Report |page=24 |year=2011 |accessdate=2013-01-26}}</ref> ''The Princeton Review'' listed UCLA as a "Dream School" selected by both students and parents in 2010. It was also the only public university in the ranking.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.princetonreview.com/uploadedFiles/Test_Preparation/Hopes_and_Worries/HopeAndWorries_Full%20Report.pdf |title=Princeton Review's 2010 College Hopes & Worry Survey |publisher=PR Newswire |date=2010-08-17}}</ref> UCLA took the 8th spot among all universities for research spending in the sciences and engineering during the fiscal year 2011, according to a 2012 report by the [[National Science Foundation]]—UCLA spent $982 million.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/infbrief/nsf13305/ |title=Universities Report Highest-Ever R&D Spending of $65 Billion in FY 2011 |accessdate=2013-01-06 |author=Britt, Ronda |date=2012-11 |work=National Science Foundation }}</ref>

====Graduate and professional schools====
UCLA's oldest operating unit, the [[UCLA Graduate School of Education and Information Studies|Graduate School of Education and Information Studies]] (GSEIS), was ranked 6th among American graduate schools of education in the 2013 edition of ''U.S. News & World Report'''s "America's Best Graduate Schools".<ref name="USNWR">{{cite web |url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/university-of-california-los-angeles-110662/overall-rankings |title=America's Best Graduate Schools 2013 |accessdate=2013-01-23 |year=2013 |publisher=''U.S. News & World Report''}}</ref> Other 2013 ''U.S. News & World Report'' school rankings include the [[UCLA Anderson School of Management|Anderson School of Management]] at #15, the [[David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA|David Geffen School of Medicine]] at #10 for Primary Care and #13 for Research, the [[UCLA School of Law|School of Law]] at #15, and the [[UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science|Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science]] at #16; departmental rankings included Clinical Psychology #1, Psychology #3, Fine Arts #4, Geography #4,<ref>{{cite web|title=World's Best Universities: Geography and Area Studies|url=http://www.usnews.com/education/worlds-best-universities-rankings/best-universities-geography-and-area-studies|publisher=U.S. News and World Report|accessdate=19 June 2013|year=2011}}</ref> Mathematics #8, History #9, Sociology #9, English #10, and Public Health #10.<ref name="USNWR"/> In 2011 ''U.S. News & World Report'' ranked the [[UCLA School of Nursing|School of Nursing]] #21.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-health-schools/nursing-rankings/page+2 |title=America's Best Graduate Schools - Nursing |accessdate=2013-01-27 |year=2011 |publisher=''U.S. News & World Report''}}</ref> In 2009, the UCLA School of Theater, Film, and Television was ranked third nationally by ''U.S. News & World Report'',{{citation needed|date=January 2013}} and the School of Architecture placed second in the country according to The Key Centre for Architectural Sociology.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}

===Library system===
{{Main|University of California, Los Angeles Library}}
[[Image:Powell Library.JPG|thumb|right|Powell Library, across the quad from Royce Hall]]
UCLA's library system has over eight million books and 70,000 serials spread over twelve libraries and eleven other archives, reading rooms, and research centers. It is the nation's 14th largest library in number of volumes.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ala.org/ala/professionalresources/libfactsheets/alalibraryfactsheet22.cfm |title=The Nation's Largest Libraries |accessdate=2010-07-04 |year=2010 |work=American Library Association }}</ref>

The first library, University Library (presently [[Powell Library]]), was founded in 1884. In 1910, Elizabeth Fargo became the university's first librarian. [[Lawrence Clark Powell|Lawrence Powell]] became librarian in 1944, and began a series of system overhauls and modifications, and in 1959, he was named Dean of the School of Library Service.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.library.ucla.edu/special/scweb/lcpintro.htm |title=A Tribute to Lawrence Clark Powell |accessdate=2006-12-13 |year=2006 |work=UCLA Library |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20051217020308/http://www.library.ucla.edu/special/scweb/lcpintro.htm |archivedate = December 17, 2005}}</ref> More libraries were added as previous ones filled. Page Ackerman became University Librarian in 1973, and was the nation's first female librarian of a system as large as UCLA's. She oversaw the first coordinations between other UC schools, and formed a new administrative network that is still in use today.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://newsroom.ucla.edu/page.asp?RelNum=6884 |title=Obituary: Page Ackerman, Former UCLA University Librarian |accessdate=2006-12-13 |author=Setzer, Dawn |date=2006-03-09 |work=UCLA News }}</ref> Since her retirement, the system has seen steady growth and improvement under various Librarians. The present University Librarian is Gary E. Strong, who has been in office since September 1, 2003.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www2.library.ucla.edu/about/ul.cfm |title=University Librarian Gary E. Strong |accessdate=2007-05-21 |date=2007-05-11 |work=UCLA Library }}</ref>

== Admissions ==

=== Undergraduate ===
<div style="float:left;">
<big>'''Freshman statistics'''</big><ref name="newsroom.ucla.edu"/><ref name="admit">{{cite web |url=http://www.admissions.ucla.edu/Prospect/Adm_fr/Frosh_Prof11.htm |title=Profile of Admitted Freshmen Fall 2011 |accessdate=2011-04-01 |date=2011-04-01 |work=Official site }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Vazquez |first=Ricardo |url=http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/ucla-receives-record-number-of-221695.aspx |title=UCLA receives record number of applications from increasingly diverse student pool|work=UCLA Newsroom |date=2012-01-12 |accessdate=2012-07-14}}</ref><ref>[http://www.aim.ucla.edu/admissions/admissions_GPA_FR.asp ]{{dead link|date=July 2013}}</ref><ref>[http://www.aim.ucla.edu/admissions/admissions_history.asp ]{{dead link|date=July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.admissions.ucla.edu/Prospect/Adm_fr/Frosh_Prof12.htm|title=Profile of Admitted Freshmen Fall 2012|accessdate=2012-11-17|work=Official UCLA admissions site}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Vazquez |first=Ricardo |url=http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/ucla-admits-more-than-16-000-exceptional-245294.aspx |title=UCLA admits more than 16,000 exceptional students for its fall 2013 freshman class|work=UCLA Newsroom |date=2013-04-18 |accessdate=2013-04-18}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!   !! 2013 (preliminary)!! 2012 !! 2011 !! 2010 !! 2009
|-
! Applicants
| 80,494 || 72,697 || 61,566 || 57,678 || 55,708
|-
! Admits
| 16,177 || 15,982 || 15,689 || 13,088 || 12,179
|-
! Admit rate
| 20.1% || 22.0% || 25.5% || 22.7% || 21.9%
|-
! Enrolled
| N/A || 5,621 || 5,825 || 4,636 || 4,472
|-
! Average GPA
| N/A || 4.21 || 4.22 || 4.25 || 4.24
|}
''Excluding deferred applications or other unique situations.''
</div>
UCLA is rated "Most Selective" by ''U.S. News & World Report.'' <ref>{{cite web|url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/university-of-california--los-angeles-1315 | title=University of California--Los Angeles |publisher=''U.S. News & World Report'' |accessdate=2013-01-26}}</ref> It received over 100,000 freshman applications for Fall 2013.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web | title= Acceptance Table- All New Freshmen | url=http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2011/fall_2011_admissions_table1.pdf |format=PDF| publisher= University of California Office of the President, Student Affairs, UC Central Application Processing file| accessdate=2011-05-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/ucla-sets-new-undergraduate-applications-242778.aspx| title=UCLA sets new undergraduate applications record |publisher="UCLA Newsroom" | accessdate=2013-04-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = freshman admit rates } url=http://www.ucop.edu/news/factsheets/2013/fall_2013_admissions_table2.pdf | publisher = University of California Office of the President, Student Affairs, Admissions | accessdate =2013-04-21}}</ref> As of Fall 2013, UCLA is the most selective campus of the University of California system, with an admittance rate of 20.1%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-ucla-freshman-applicants-public-college-20130418,0,4625237.story |title=UCLA receives most freshman applications of any U.S. public college |publisher="Los Angeles Times" |accessdate=2013-04-24}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:400px; float:right; margin:10px"
| '''Ethnic enrollment, 2012'''<ref>{{cite web | title= Enrollment Summary, Fall 2012 | url=http://www.aim.ucla.edu/enrollment/enrollment_demographics_fall.asp | publisher= UCLA Office of Analysis and Information Management | accessdate=2012-12-06}}</ref> ||'''Under- graduates''' || '''Graduate students''' || '''Per- centage'''
|-
|[[African American]]
| 1,083
| 498
| 3.9%
|-
|[[Asian American]] or [[Pacific Islander]]
| 9,954
| 2,560
| 31.3%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans]]
| 4,799
| 1,050
| 14.6%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]]
| 157
| 64
| 0.6%
|-
|[[White American]]
| 8,115
| 4,502
| 31.6%
|-
|Unstated, Unknown, Other
| 938
| 1,009
| 4.9%
|-
|International
| 2,895
| 2,351
| 13.1%
|}
Just over 3,000 transfer students entered UCLA in Fall 2011, with 92.4% from the [[California Community Colleges System]]. Over the past 15 years over 45,000 transfer students have entered UCLA. One-third of baccalaureate degrees are awarded to students who entered UCLA as transfer students. One of the major debates is over the decreased admission of [[African-Americans]] and [[Latinos]], especially since the passage of [[California Proposition 209 (1996)|Proposition 209]], prohibiting racial, sexual, or ethnic discrimination at public institutions, in 1996.<ref>{{cite news |first=David |last=Leonhardt |title=The New Affirmative Action |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/30/magazine/30affirmative-t.html?pagewanted=1&_r=1&ref=magazine | publisher= The New York Times Magazine |date=2007-09-30 |accessdate=2007-09-28 }}</ref> In response to this issue, UCLA decided to shift to a more holistic admissions process starting Fall 2007.<ref>{{cite news |first=Scott |last=Smallwood |title=UCLA Adopts 'Holistic' Model in Admissions to Stem Decline in Minority Enrollment |url=http://chronicle.com/news/article/1061/ucla-adopts-holistic-model-in-admissions-to-stem-decline-in-minority-enrollment |work=The Chronicle of Higher Education |publisher= |date=2006-09-29 |accessdate=2007-05-21 }}</ref>

Preliminary, admitted freshman applicants for Fall 2013 had an average weighted GPA of 4.40 (3.88 unweighted), an average combined SAT score of 2037 (667 for Critical Reading, 690 for Mathematics, and 680 for Writing) and an average ACT Composite score of 30.<ref>{{cite web |title=Profile of Admitted Freshmen, Fall 2013 |url=http://www.admissions.ucla.edu/Prospect/Adm_fr/Frosh_Prof13.htm|accessdate=2013-04-24 |work=UCLA Office of Admissions}}</ref>

=== Graduate ===
[[Image:UCLA School of Law library tower 2.jpg|thumb|upright|Hugh and Hazel Darling Law Library, UCLA School of Law]]
In Fall 2010, the [[David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA|David Geffen School of Medicine]] admitted 3.9% of its applicants. In Fall 2011, the [[UCLA School of Law|School of Law]] admitted 20%. In 2012, the [[UCLA Anderson School of Management|Anderson School of Management]] admitted 22.6%.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://poetsandquants.com/2012/03/13/hbs-stanford-tie-for-first-in-u-s-news/2/ |title=2012 U.S. News Ranking of the Best B-Schools |accessdate=2013-01-05 |year=2012 |work=U.S. News & World Report}}</ref>

According to the American Dental Education Association (ADEA) Guide to Dental Schools, 44th Ed., the [[UCLA School of Dentistry]] had more than 1,465 applicants for 88 seats in the entering class of 2006. The average [[Dental Admissions Test]] (DAT) scores for admitted students in the entering class of 2012 were 22 on the academic portion and 21 on the perceptual aptitude portion.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://issuu.com/uclaschoolofdentistry/docs/2011-2012_annual_report?mode=window&backgroundColor=%23222222 |title=UCLA School of Dentistry Annual Report |accessdate=2013-01-15 |year=2012 |work=UCLA School of Dentistry}}</ref> In 1949 the [[Regents of the University of California]] authorized the School of Nursing as one of the professional schools of the UCLA Center for the Health Sciences. The Graduate School of Nursing is ranked by U.S. News and World Report as one of the top graduate nursing schools in the country, and currently has an acceptance rate of 3.9%. The school offers professional degrees in Nurse Practitioner, Clinical Nurse Specialist, and Ph.D. in Nursing.

==Crime==
In 2012, UCLA was rated the most dangerous college campus in the US by ''[[Business Insider]]'' with 921 property crimes, and 49 violent crimes (recorded in the year 2011).<ref>[http://www.businessinsider.com/most-dangerous-colleges-in-america-2012-11?op=1 Most Dangerous Colleges In America]. Business Insider (2012-11-20). Retrieved on 2013-07-14.</ref> UCLA's director of media relations issued a response to this rank stating crime reports are taken both on and off campus, including the multiple [[Los Angeles County]] locations of UCLA medical centers and clinics, suggesting data might be inflated.<ref>[http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/ucla-a-dangerous-campus-don-t-241068.aspx UCLA a dangerous campus? Don't believe it / UCLA Newsroom]. Newsroom.ucla.edu. Retrieved on 2013-07-14.</ref> Other media outlets, such as the [[Los Angeles Times]],<ref>[http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/opinion-la/la-ol-ucla-most-dangerous-20121126,0,7512515.story 'Dangerous UCLA' and other problematic rankings - Los Angeles Times]. Latimes.com (2012-11-26). Retrieved on 2013-07-14.</ref> [[LAist]],<ref>[http://laist.com/2012/11/24/ucla_fires_back_at_report_claiming.php Why UCLA Is Not The "Most Dangerous" College In America]. LAist (2012-11-24). Retrieved on 2013-07-14.</ref> and [[LA Weekly]]<ref>Romero, Dennis. (2012-11-27) [http://blogs.laweekly.com/informer/2012/11/ucla_crime_ranking_number_one_business_insider.php Business Insider Refuses To Retract Ridiculous Claim That UCLA Is Top School For Crime - Los Angeles - News - The Informer]. Blogs.laweekly.com. Retrieved on 2013-07-14.</ref> disputed the ranking.

==Economic impact==
[[Image:UCLA hoodie.jpg|thumb|right|A [[hoodie]] from the UCLA Store]]
The University has a significant impact in the Los Angeles economy. It is the fourth largest employer in the county (after Los Angeles County, the Los Angeles Unified School District and the federal government) and the seventh largest in the region.<ref>[http://www.laalmanac.com/employment/em21e.htm Largest Employers in Los Angeles County]. Compiled by the LA Almanac, Source: California Employment Development Department, ''[[The Los Angeles Business Journal]]'', and Almanac research</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ucla.edu/about/impact/economic-impact-2007/ |title=UCLA — A Smart Investment for the Greater Los Angeles Region ... and Beyond |publisher=Ucla.edu |date= |accessdate=2011-09-11}}</ref>

===Trademarks and licensing===
The UCLA trademark "is the exclusive property of the [[Regents of the University of California]].",<ref>{{cite web|title=UCLA Trademark Use Guidelines|url=http://www.asucla.ucla.edu/licensing/trademarkuse.asp|publisher=Associated Students UCLA|accessdate=5 September 2012}}</ref> but it is managed, protected, and licensed through UCLA Trademarks and Licensing, a division of the Associated Students UCLA.<ref>{{cite web|title=UCLA Licensing and Trademarks: About Us|url=http://www.asucla.ucla.edu/licensing/index.asp|publisher=Associated Students UCLA|accessdate=5 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Welcome to UCLA Trademarks & Licensing|url=http://www.asucla.ucla.edu/licensing/index.asp|publisher=Associated Students UCLA|accessdate=5 September 2012}}</ref> As such, the ASUCLA also has a share in the profits.

Due to UCLA's academic and athletic prestige, as well as the name being associated with popular images of [[Southern California]] lifestyle, apparel with UCLA logos and insignia sells not just in the United States, but as an overseas clothing and accessories brand. High demand for UCLA apparel has inspired the licensing of its trademark to UCLA brand stores throughout Europe, Middle East and Asia. Since 1980, 15 UCLA stores have opened in [[South Korea]], and 49 are currently open in [[China]]. The newest store was opened in in the Middle East in Kuwait.<ref>{{zh icon}} {{cite web |url=http://www.uclastore.com.cn/StoreList.asp |title=UCLA Store List |accessdate=2006-12-26 |work=UCLAstore.com.cn |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20080220073734/http://www.uclastore.com.cn/StoreList.asp |archivedate = February 20, 2008}}</ref> There are also stores in [[Mexico]], [[Singapore]], India and [[Europe]].<ref name="stores">{{cite news |first=Menaka |last=Fernando |title=UCLA name, L.A. lifestyle marketable overseas |url=http://www.dailybruin.com/index.php/article/2005/04/ucla-name-la-lifestyle-marketa |work=The Daily Bruin |publisher=UCLA |date=2005-04-05 |accessdate=2005-05-13 }}</ref> UCLA makes $400,000 in royalties every year through its international licensing program.<ref name="stores" />

== Athletics ==
{{Main|UCLA Bruins}}
[[Image:Pauley Pavilion 2013.JPG|thumb|[[Pauley Pavilion]], UCLA's basketball venue]]
[[Image:UCLA vs Oregon, Pasadena, 2007.jpg|thumb| Home of UCLA football, The Rose Bowl in Pasadena]]
[[Image:Drake Stadium 2008.JPG|thumb|right|Drake Stadium, UCLA's track and field stadium]]
[[Image:UCLA Bruins enter the LA Coliseum, 2007.jpg|thumb|UCLA Bruins entering the LA Coliseum in 2007]]
The school's sports teams are called the [[UCLA Bruins|Bruins]], with colors [[True Blue (color)|True Blue]] and gold. The Bruins participate in [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] [[Division I (NCAA)|Division I-A]] as part of the [[Pacific-12 Conference]]. Two notable sports facilities serve as home venues for UCLA sports. The Bruin men's [[American football|football]] team plays home games at the [[Rose Bowl (stadium)|Rose Bowl]] in [[Pasadena, California|Pasadena]]; the team won a national title in 1954. The men's and women's [[basketball]] and men's and women's [[volleyball]] teams, and the women's [[gymnastics]] team play at [[Pauley Pavilion]] on campus. The school also sponsors [[Cross country running|cross country]], [[soccer]], women's [[rowing (sport)|rowing]], [[golf]], [[tennis]], [[water polo]], and women's [[softball]].

The Bruin mascots are Joe and Josephine Bruin, and the [[fight songs]] are ''[[Sons of Westwood]]'' and ''[[Mighty Bruins]]''. The alma mater is ''[[Hail to the Hills of Westwood]]''.

When [[Henry Russell Sanders|Henry "Red" Sanders]] came to UCLA to coach [[American football|football]] in 1949, the uniforms were redesigned. Sanders added a gold loop on the shoulders—the UCLA Stripe. The navy blue was changed to a lighter shade of blue. Sanders figured that the baby blue would look better on the field and in film. He dubbed the baby blue uniform "Powder Keg Blue," a powder blue with an explosive kick. This would also differentiate UCLA from all other UC teams, as all UC campuses' official colors are blue and gold.
UCLA is competitive in all major Division I-A sports and has won 125 national championships, including 109 [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] championships, more than any other university. Most recently, UCLA's [[baseball]] team defeated Mississippi State to win its first NCAA National Championship. UCLA's softball program is also outstanding.<ref name="NCAA">{{cite web |url=http://uclabruins.cstv.com/genrel/ucla-100-champs.html |title=Bruins lead the nation with 106 NCAA team championships and 124 total national championships |accessdate=2008-05-31 |year=2008 |work=UCLA Bruins }}</ref> Women's softball won their NCAA-leading 11th National Championship, on June 8, 2010. The women's water polo team is also dominant in winning—they won a record 7 NCAA championships. Notably, the team helped UCLA become the first school to win 100 NCAA championships overall when they won their fifth on May 13, 2007.

Among these championships, some of the more notable victories are in [[UCLA Bruins men's basketball|men's basketball]]. Under legendary coach [[John Wooden]], UCLA men's basketball teams won 10 NCAA championships, including a [[NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship#Champions, runners-up and locations|record seven consecutive]], in 1964, 1965, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, and 1975, and an 11th was added under then-coach Jim Harrick in 1995 (through 2008, the most consecutive by any other team is [[NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship#Champions, runners-up and locations|two]]).<ref name="NCAA" /> From 1971 to 1974, UCLA men's basketball won an unprecedented 88 consecutive games.
UCLA has also shown dominance in [[NCAA Men's Volleyball Championship|men's volleyball]], with 19 national championships. All 19 teams were led by former<ref>{{cite web|last=Foster|first=Chris|title=Al Scates to retire as UCLA volleyball coach after 2012 season|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2011/may/10/sports/la-sp-0511-scates-ucla-volleyball-20110511|work=News story|publisher=Los Angeles Times|accessdate=8 December 2012}}</ref> coach [[Al Scates]], which ties him with [[John McDonnell (coach)|John McDonnell]] of the [[University of Arkansas]] as NCAA leader for national championships in a single sport.<ref name="NCAA" />

UCLA has medaled in every [[Olympic Games]] they have participated in.

Former UCLA [[basketball]] player and current [[Utah Jazz]] player [[Earl Watson]] commented, "Eleven national championships, the best coach (Wooden) to coach the game says a lot. I take offense to those who act like UCLA is just another school compared with [[Duke Blue Devils|Duke]]. Duke is a great school in the east, but UCLA is worldwide."

===USC rivalry===
{{Main|UCLA-USC rivalry}}

UCLA shares a traditional sports rivalry with the nearby [[University of Southern California]]. Under legendary coach [[John Wooden]], UCLA became a dominating power in men's basketball, and has won 11 [[NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship|NCAA championships]], against USC's zero.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://uclabruins.cstv.com/genrel/ucla-100-champs.html |title=National Championships |accessdate=2007-05-22 |year=2007 |work=UCLA Bruins }}</ref> In football, UCLA has one national champion team and 16 conference titles, compared to USC's 11 national championships and 37 conference championships.

The schools share a rivalry in many other sports. In men's volleyball, UCLA won 19 [[NCAA Men's Volleyball Championship]]s against USC's four.<ref name="NCAA" /> UCLA also dominates the all-time series vs. USC in men's volleyball (86–34).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/ucla/sports/m-volley/auto_pdf/2010-mg-section2.pdf |title=2010MVBGuide2.indd |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2010-05-23}}</ref> In women's volleyball UCLA leads the all-time series against USC as well and has won eight national champions to USC's six.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/ucla/sports/w-volley/auto_pdf/2007-mg-section-04.pdf|title=2007 UCLA WOMEN’S VOLLEYBALL MEDIA GUIDE – THE PACIFIC-10 CONFERENCE – Opponents |page=51 |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2011-09-11}}</ref> In the popular sport of soccer UCLA leads USC in the all-time series 13–3–0, yet USC no longer competes in men's NCAA Div 1 soccer.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/ucla/sports/m-soccer/auto_pdf/09-msoccer-mg-opponents.pdf |title=UCLA Record vs. Opponents|page=42 |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2011-09-11}}</ref> The [[Lexus Gauntlet]] is the name given to the official competition between the two schools in 18 varsity sports where UCLA has won the annual award three times and USC has won the award on eight occasions.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://lexusgauntlet.collegesports.com/index-south.html |title=Lexus Gauntlet | work=CollegeSports |accessdate=2007-04-13 }}</ref> This rivalry even extends to the [[Olympic Games]], where UCLA athletes have won 251 medals over a short span of 50 years while USC athletes have won 287 that took nearly 100 years to accomplish.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://uclabruins.cstv.com/ot/olympic-medalists.html |title=UCLA's Olympic Medal Winners |accessdate=2007-05-22 |year=2004 |work=UCLA Bruins }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://graphics.fansonly.com/photos/schools/usc/genrel/auto_pdf/uscolympians.pdf |title=USC OLYMPIANS: 1904–2004 |accessdate=2007-05-22 |year=2004 |work=Fans Only (CSTV) |format=PDF }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usctrojans.com/genrel/081212aab.html |title=USC Concludes Its Most Successful Olympics Ever - University of Southern California Official Athletic Site |publisher=Usctrojans.com |date=2012-08-12 |accessdate=2012-10-14}}</ref>

The origin is unclear, but the rivalry most likely started when football [[List of College Football Hall of Fame inductees (coaches)|Hall of Fame coach]] Red Sanders led UCLA to dominance in the 1950s. USC, having won four national championships prior to UCLA's first and only title in 1954 diverted some attention from then-rival [[University of Notre Dame]], and the new cross-town rivalry began.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usctrojans.com/sports/m-footbl/spec-rel/06-m-footbl-guide.html |title=University of Southern California Official Athletic Site - Football |publisher=Usctrojans.com |date= |accessdate=2012-10-14}}</ref>

Presently, [[UCLA Bruins|UCLA]] has the most NCAA championships, winning a combined 109 team championships in men's and women's sports, with Stanford coming in second with 103, followed by USC with 95.<ref>http://fs.ncaa.org/Docs/stats/champs_records_book/summaries/combined.pdf</ref>

==Student life==

The campus' location in [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]] makes excursions to local museums, theaters, or other entertainment venues relatively quick and easy. UCLA offers classical [[orchestra]]s, [[intramural sports]], and over 800 student organizations. UCLA is also home to more than 68 national and local Greek-letter organizations, which collectively constitute the largest membership-based and multi-faceted community on campus. Fraternity and sorority members represent 15% of the student population.<ref>[http://www.greeklife.ucla.edu/ UCLA Fraternity & Sorority Relations]. Greeklife.ucla.edu. Retrieved on 2013-07-14.</ref> [[Phrateres]], a non-exclusive social-service club for women was founded here in 1924 by the Dean of Women, Helen Matthewson Laughlin. Between 1924 and 1967, 23 chapters of Phrateres were installed in schools across North America. The student government at UCLA is the Associated Students UCLA (ASUCLA), governed by a student majority board of directors. It is the umbrella organization that includes the two branches of UCLA's student government, the Graduate Students Association (GSA) and the Undergraduate Students Association Council (USAC), the UCLA Store, the Student Union, Restaurants, Trademark & Licensing, and Student Media (including the ''[[Daily Bruin]]''). The Student Alumni Association (SAA), a student-run branch under the UCLA Alumni Association, is responsible for conducting UCLA's oldest and greatest traditions, such as Blue and Gold Week, Senior Send-off, [[UCLA Spring Sing|Spring Sing]], and Dinners for 12 Strangers. UCLA also operates a waterfront facility known as the [http://marinaaquaticcenter.org/index.htm UCLA Marina Aquatic Center] in [[Marina del Rey]]. Students and staff participate in dinghy sailing, surfing, windsurfing, rowing, and kayaking.

UCLA has an active a cappella student population, with a variety of student organizations across campus. The university is often regarded as the pioneer in the West Coast collegiate contemporary a cappella tradition with its first group, [[Awaken A Cappella]], founded in 1992. The all-male group on campus, Bruin Harmony, has enjoyed a successful career since its inception in 2006, portraying a collegiate a cappella group in ''[[The Social Network]]'' (2010), while the Scattertones have achieved a great deal of success in the [[International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella]], finishing in second-place in 2011. Other a cappella groups on campus include Signature, Random Voices, Medleys, Youthphonics, Deviant Voices, Awechords and Cadenza. YOUTHphonics is UCLA's only nonprofit service-oriented a cappella group focused on youth.

There are also a variety of cultural organizations on campus, such as Nikkei Student Union (NSU), Japanese Student Association (JSA),<ref>[http://www.studentgroups.ucla.edu/jsa/ Ucla Jsa]. Studentgroups.ucla.edu. Retrieved on 2013-07-14.</ref> Association of Chinese Americans (ACA), Chinese Students Association (CSA), Taiwanese American Union (TAU), Vietnamese Student Union (VSU), Thai Smakom, and Chinese Cultural Dance Club (CCDC), each with its focuses on sharing culture and history. Many of these organizations have an annual "culture night" that usually constitutes drama, traditional dance, modern dance, etc., which raises awareness of culture and history to the campus and community.

===Traditions===
The university has many traditions and annual events involving students, community, or the city. The school hosts events that usually require participation from more than just the student body, and competitions can occasionally involve celebrity judges and performers.

Unicamp, founded in 1934, is UCLA's official charity. It is a week-long summer camp for under-served children from the [[greater Los Angeles area]], with UCLA volunteer counselors. Because Unicamp is a non-profit organization, student volunteers from UCLA also fundraise money throughout the year to allow these children to attend summer camp.<ref>{{cite web|title=UCLA Unicamp|url=http://www.unicamp.org/site/c.iiKQLaPOLrF/b.5052093/k.BE10/Home.htm|accessdate=4 December 2012}}</ref>

To introduce new students to clubs and activities, UCLA begins the fall quarter with True Bruin Welcome. The week includes the Day of Service for all freshmen, the Enormous Activities Fair, the Sports Fair, and other events. At the end of move-in and the beginning of True Bruin Welcome, UCLA holds Bruin Bash. Hosted by the USAC Campus Events Commission and USAC Cultural Affairs Commission, Bruin Bash includes a concert, dance, and movie. Past performers include [[Thrice]] and [[Common (rapper)|Common]] in 2005, [[Xzibit]] and [[Rooney (band)|Rooney]] in 2006, [[T.I.]] in 2007, [[The Cool Kids]], [[Estelle (musician)|Estelle]], [[Hellogoodbye]] in 2008, [[LMFAO (group)|LMFAO]] and [[Clipse]] in 2009, [[Ying Yang Twins]], [[Travis McCoy]] and [[The Cataracs]] in 2010. Bruin Bash was created as a replacement for Black Sunday, a large-scale day of partying including all fraternities, in North Westwood Village, where the majority of off-campus students reside adjacent to campus.

Dance Marathon is an annual event organized by the student group, the Pediatric AIDS Coalition, held in Ackerman Grand Ballroom, where thousands of students raise money and dance to support the [[Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation]], Project Kindle, One Heartland, and the UCLA AIDS Institute. Dancers are required to fundraise a minimum amount of $250 before the event, which is a 26-hour [[dance marathon]]. Dancers are not allowed to sit (except to use the restroom) during the marathon, literally taking a stand against pediatric AIDS, and symbolizing the suffering of children around the world infected with and affected by [[HIV]]/[[AIDS]]. In 2012, Dance Marathon at UCLA raised a record-breaking $451,000. Since 2002, the Marathon has raised over $3 million.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://bruindancemarathon.org/about-newsite.html |title=What's DM? |accessdate=2007-05-21 |year=2007 |work=Bruin Dance Marathon |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070525182557/http://bruindancemarathon.org/about-newsite.html |archivedate = May 25, 2007}}</ref>

UCLA students also participate in "Midnight Yell" during finals week, a tradition where every night at midnight (starting on that week's Sunday), students yell as loudly as possible for a few minutes, giving a chance to take a short break from studying and to release some stress.

The quarterly [[Underwear run|Undie Run]] takes place during the Wednesday evening of Finals Week, when students run through the campus in their underwear or in skimpy costumes. The run first began in Fall of 2001 when a student, Eric Whitehead, wearing what he described as "really short shorts" walked around singing a song and playing a guitar to protest the Police restrictions on the Midnight Yell.<ref name="tradition">{{cite web |url=http://www.dailybruin.com/articles/2005/6/13/undie-run-tradition-faces-grow/ |title=Undie Run tradition faces growing pains |accessdate=2007-06-13 |author=Staines, Xandi |date=2005-06-13 |work=The Daily Bruin }}</ref> With the increasing safety hazards and Police and Administration involvement, a student committee changed the route in order to satisfy concerns but keep the event. It was changed to a run through campus to the fountain in front of Powell Library, which now culminates with students dancing in the fountain.<ref name="undie">{{cite web |url=http://www.dailybruin.com/articles/2005/12/12/undie-run-safety-at-issue/ |title=Undie Run safety at issue |accessdate=2007-05-21 |author=Rushovich, Colin |date=2005-12-12 |work=The Daily Bruin }}</ref> As attendance increased, committees in charge of organizing the event deemed it necessary to employ the [[University of California Police Department|UC Police]] during the event, to ward off vandalism and dangerous activity.<ref name="undie" /> In 2007, the route was changed again to begin at Strathmore and Gayley Avenues instead of Landfair and Gayley Avenues. The Undie Run concept has since spread to other college campuses around the United States, including the [[University of Texas at Austin]], [[Arizona State University]], and [[Syracuse University]].

[[Image:Spring Sing 2009.jpg|thumb|Spring Sing 2009]]
The Alumni Association sponsors several events, usually large extravaganzas involving huge amounts of coordination. An example of this is the 60-year old [[UCLA Spring Sing|Spring Sing]], organized by the Student Alumni Association (SAA). Spring Sing is UCLA's oldest tradition—it is an annual gala of student talent, which is held at the Los Angeles Tennis Center on campus. In 2009 the event was held in UCLA's Pauley Pavilion. The committee bestows the George and Ira Gershwin Lifetime Achievement Award each year to a major contributor to the music industry. Past recipients have included [[Stevie Wonder]], [[Frank Sinatra]], [[Ella Fitzgerald]], [[James Taylor]], [[Ray Charles]], [[Natalie Cole]], [[Quincy Jones]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uclalumni.net/CalendarEvents/springsing/Gershwin/winners.cfm |title=Gershwin Award Winners |accessdate=2007-05-21 |year=2007 |work=Alumni Association }}</ref> [[Lionel Richie]], and in 2009, [[Julie Andrews]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/electronicplay.aspx?fid=24831&id=E0C5478 |title=Lional Richie accepts the Gershwin Award |publisher=Newsroom.ucla.edu |date=2008-05-02 |accessdate=2011-09-11}}</ref> The Dinner for 12 Strangers, a common tradition among universities, is a gathering of students, alumni, administration and faculty to network around different interests.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.today.ucla.edu/2004/040121voices_mind.html |title=Dinner with 12 strangers is a feast for friends |accessdate=2007-05-21 |author=Valentine, Jane |date=2004-01-21 |work=UCLA Today |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20060901103028/http://www.today.ucla.edu/2004/040121voices_mind.html |archivedate = September 1, 2006}}</ref> The week before the USC rivalry football game, there is a "Beat 'SC Bonfire and Rally." The bonfire did not take place in 2006 due to fire hazard issues. Nonetheless, UCLA won the football game, upsetting the #2 ranked Trojans. This led many to believe that dispelling of the tradition led to the victory.

The USAC Cultural Affairs Commission hosts the [[JazzReggae Festival @ UCLA|JazzReggae Festival]], a two-day concert on [[Memorial Day]] weekend that attracts more than 20,000 attendees. The JazzReggae Festival is the largest, entirely student produced and run event of its kind on the West Coast.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://jazzreggaefest.com/pages/about/ |title=JazzReggae Fest 2011 |publisher=Jazzreggaefest.com |date= |accessdate=2011-09-11}}</ref>

===Student government===
[[File:Kerckhoff Hall, UCLA (2007).jpg|thumb|upright|Kerckhoff Hall houses the offices of student government and the ''[[Daily Bruin]]''.]]
The Associated Students UCLA (ASUCLA) is the official entity encompassing student government and student-led enterprises at UCLA. ASUCLA has four major components: the Undergraduate Students Association, the Graduate Students Association, Student Media, and services & enterprises. However, in common practice, the term ASUCLA is often more narrowly used to refer to the services and enterprises component. This includes the Student Store, Bookstore, Food Services, Student Union, etc. These commercial enterprises serving the UCLA campus community generate approximately $90,000,000 in annual revenues, making it financially the largest student government operation in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www2.guidestar.org/ReportNonProfit.aspx?ein=95-1777979&name=associated-students-ucla# |title=ASSOCIATED STUDENTS UCLA [95-1777979] GuideStar Report |publisher=.guidestar.org |date= |accessdate=2010-05-23}}</ref> As a nonprofit corporation, the financial goal of ASUCLA is not to maximize return or "profit" but to provide quality services and programs to the campus community at reasonable prices. ASUCLA is governed by a student-majority Board of Directors. The Undergraduate Students Association and Graduate Students Association each appoint three members plus one alternate. In addition to the student members, there are representatives appointed by the administration, the academic senate, and the alumni association. The "services and enterprises" portion of ASUCLA is run by a professional executive director who oversees some 300 professional career staff and 2,000 student employees.

The Graduate Students Association is the governing body for approximately 12,000 graduate and professional students at UCLA.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gsa.asucla.ucla.edu/ |title=UCLA Graduate Student Association |publisher=Gsa.asucla.ucla.edu |date=2010-02-02 |accessdate=2010-05-23}}</ref>

"USAC" is an acronym for Undergraduate Students Association Council, the governing body of the Undergraduate Students Association (USA) whose membership comprises every UCLA undergraduate student.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://students.asucla.ucla.edu/ |title=UCLA Undergraduate Students Association |publisher=Students.asucla.ucla.edu |date= |accessdate=2011-09-11}}</ref> The student body currently has two major political slates, Students First! (established in 1981) and Bruins United (established in 2006).

USAC's thirteen student officers and commissioners are elected by members of the Undergraduate Students Association at an annual election held during Spring Quarter. In addition to its thirteen elected members, USAC includes appointed representatives of the Administration, the Alumni, and the Faculty, as well as two ex-officio members, the ASUCLA Executive Director and a student Finance Committee Chairperson who is appointed by the USA President and approved by USAC. All members of USAC may participate fully in Council deliberations, but only the thirteen elected student members have a vote.

The thirteen elected positions include: USAC President, Internal Vice President, External Vice President, General Representative (3), Academic Affairs Commissioner, Cultural Affairs Commissioner, Facilities Commissioner, Campus Events Commissioner, Student Welfare Commissioner, Community Service Commissioner, and Financial Supports Commissioner.<ref>{{cite web|title=UCLA Undergraduate Students Association Offices|url=http://www.usac.ucla.edu/about/offices.php|publisher=Undergraduate Students Association Council|accessdate=8 November 2012}}</ref>

The USAC President appoints more than seventy undergraduates to administrative committees and the Academic Affairs Commissioner Appoints approximately 25 undergraduates to Academic Senate Committees. Students have an opportunity to serve on the ASUCLA Board of Directors and the Communications Board, as well as on other significant committees. Through their participation on these campus-wide committees, UCLA undergraduates have had input into the decision making process at a high level.

USAC's programs offers additional services to the campus and surrounding communities and provide an opportunity for students to participate in. For example, each year approximately 40,000 students, faculty and staff attend programs of the Campus Events Commission, including a low-cost film program, a speakers program which presents leading figures from a wide range of disciplines, and performances by dozens of entertainers. Two to three thousand UCLA undergraduates participate annually in the more than twenty voluntary outreach programs run by the Community Service Commission. A large corps of undergraduate volunteers also participate in programs run by the Student Welfare Commission, such as AIDS Awareness, Substance Abuse Awareness, Blood Drives and CPR/First Aid Training.

Student Media UCLA is the home of UCLA's student-run media, including the campus newspaper, magazines, and radio and television stations.<ref>[http://www.studentmedia.ucla.edu/mediacenter/section.asp ]{{Dead link|date=May 2010}}</ref>

===Media publications===
Most student media publications distributed on-campus are governed by the ASUCLA Communications Board. The ''[[Daily Bruin]]'' is UCLA's most prominent student publication. Founded in 1919 under the name ''Cub Californian'', it has since then developed into [[Los Angeles]]' third-most circulated newspaper. It has won over 20 national awards in the last five years, and is regularly commended for layout and content. In 2006, the [[Society of Professional Journalists]] awarded it Best All-Around Daily Newspaper in the national Mark of Excellence Awards.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.spj.org/moe06.asp |title=2006 Mark of Excellence – National Winners/Finalists |accessdate=2007-05-26 |year=2006 |work=Society of Professional Journalists }}</ref> The newspaper has not been without scrutiny and controversy, and in 1954, the administration attempted to intervene with the previous policy of electing editors by a student council. UCLA Student Media also publishes seven news magazines, each established to serve a special-interest community on campus: ''Al-Talib'', ''Fem'', ''Ha'Am'', ''[[La Gente de Aztlan]]'', ''Nommo'', ''Pacific Ties'', and ''[[Outwrite]]'', a school yearbook, BruinLife, Daily Bruin Television (DBTV), the student-run radio station, [[UCLAradio.com]], formerly known as KLA, and the online campus review-site ''Bruinwalk.com''. Student groups such as The Forum for Energy Economics and Development also publish yearly journals focused on energy technologies and industries.

===Housing===
{{Main|UCLA student housing}}
[[File:Rieber Terrace, UCLA.jpg|thumb|upright|Rieber Terrace housing]]
UCLA provides housing to over 10,000 undergraduate and 2,900 graduate students.<ref>{{cite web | url =http://www.housing.ucla.edu/SHMP/SHMP-2017-3.pdf | title =UCLA Student Housing Master Plan 2007–2017 |accessdate=2010-08-06}}</ref>

Most undergraduate students are housed in 14 complexes on the western side of campus, referred to by students as "The Hill." Students can live in halls, plazas, suites, or university apartments, which vary in pricing and privacy. Housing plans also offer students access to dining facilities, which have been ranked by the ''[[Princeton Review]]'' as some of the best in the nation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.princetonreview.com/schoollist.aspx?type=r&id=683&RDN=1 |title=The Best 371 Colleges: Quality of Life – Campus Food |accessdate=2010-04-20 }}</ref> Dining halls are located in De Neve, Rieber, Covel, and Hedrick Halls. In winter 2012, a new dining hall called The Feast at Rieber opened to students.<ref name="din">http://www.dining.ucla.edu/housing_site/dining/ResidentialRestaurantsMap.pdf</ref> Residential cafes include Bruin Cafe, Rendezvous, and Cafe 1919.<ref name="din"/> Cafe 1919's location formerly housed a cafe known as Puzzles.<ref name="din"/> UCLA currently offers three years guaranteed housing to its incoming freshman, and one year to incoming transfer students. There are four type of housing available for students, residential halls, deluxe residential halls, residential plazas, and residential suites. Available on the hill are study rooms, basketball courts, tennis courts, and Sunset Recreational Center which includes three pools.

Graduate students are housed in one of five apartment complexes. One, Weyburn Terrace, is located just southwest of the campus. The other four are roughly five miles south of UCLA in Palms and Mar Vista. They too vary in pricing and privacy.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://map.ais.ucla.edu/go/1002103 | title=Living in University Apartments | accessdate=2010-08-06}}</ref>

According to the ''[[Daily Bruin]]'', 1,525 beds, 10 faculty in-residence apartments and a 750-seat dining hall will be built on the Northwest Housing Infill Project on the Hill by 2013. The buildings are tentatively titled De Neve Gardenia Way, De Neve Holly Ridge, Sproul Cove, and Sproul Landing.<ref>{{cite news |first=Brett |last=Noble |title=Project to increase housing options |url=http://www.dailybruin.com/articles/2008/6/4/project-increase-housing-options/ |work=Daily Bruin |date=2008-06-04 |accessdate=2008-06-09 }}</ref>

If involved in Greek life, students have the option to also live in Greek housing while at UCLA. Oftentimes cheaper than living in the dorms or the apartments, Greek housing is a great option for living arrangements for a year or two. Sorority houses are located on Hilgard Avenue, and the Fraternity houses are placed on the opposite side of campus throughout Westwood Village. A student usually lives with 50+ students in Greek housing.

===Hospitality===
Hospitality constituents of the university include departments not directly related to student life or administration. The Hospitality department manages the UCLA Guest House, a full-service, on-campus hotel. The 61-room Guest House services those visiting the university for campus-related activities.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://map.ais.ucla.edu/portal/site/UCLA/menuitem.3f8e7342ad4ca217b66d4ab4f848344a/?vgnextoid=fd5af9f9bd19ff00VgnVCM1000008f8443a4RCRD |title=Guest House Hotel |accessdate=2007-05-21 |year=2007 |work=Official site }}</ref> The department also manages the UCLA Conference Center, a 40 acre (0.2 km²) conference center in the [[San Bernardino Mountains]] near [[Lake Arrowhead, California|Lake Arrowhead]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://map.ais.ucla.edu/portal/site/UCLA/menuitem.3f8e7342ad4ca217b66d4ab4f848344a/?vgnextoid=ec175645ff212010VgnVCM1000008f8443a4RCRD |title=Conference Center at Lake Arrowhead |accessdate=2007-05-21 |year=2007 |work=Official site }}</ref> Hospitality also operates UCLA Catering <ref>{{cite web |url=http://map.ais.ucla.edu/go/campus-services/hospitality/catering | title= UCLA Catering |year=2009 | work=official cite}}</ref> a [[Vending]] operation, and summer conference center located on the Westwood campus.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://map.ais.ucla.edu/portal/site/UCLA/menuitem.3f8e7342ad4ca217b66d4ab4f848344a/?vgnextoid=143d396579b8ff00VgnVCM1000008f8443a4RCRD |title=Conference Services |accessdate=2007-05-21 |year=2007 |work=Official site }}</ref>

===Chabad House===
The UCLA [[Chabad House]] is a community center for [[Jews|Jewish]] students operated by the [[Orthodox Judaism|Orthodox Jewish]] [[Chabad]] movement. Established in 1969, it was the first Chabad House at a university.<ref name="Chabad, Maya Balakirsky Katz 2010, page 152">The Visual Culture of Chabad, Maya Balakirsky Katz, Cambridge University Press, 2010, page 152.</ref><ref>The Rebbe's Army: Inside the World of Chabad-Lubavitch, Sue Fishkoff, Random House, 2009</ref> In 1980, three students died in a fire in the original building of the UCLA Chabad House. The present building was erected in their memory. The building, completed in 1984, was the first of many Chabad houses worldwide designed as architectural reproductions of the residence of the Lubavitcher Rebbe, Rabbi [[Menachem Mendel Schneerson]] at [[770 Eastern Parkway]] in Brooklyn, New York.<ref name="Chabad, Maya Balakirsky Katz 2010, page 152"/>

== Faculty and alumni ==



{{See also|List of University of California, Los Angeles people}}
Fifteen Nobel laureates are associated with UCLA: eight professors<ref name="NobelFaculty">{{cite web|title=UCLA Faculty Nobel Laureates|url=http://www.ucla.edu/about/awards-and-honors/faculty/nobel-laureates|work=Listing with bio|publisher=Regents of the University of California|accessdate=2012-12-17}}</ref> and seven alumni.<ref name="NobelAlumni">{{cite web|title=UCLA Alumni Nobel Laureates|url=http://www.ucla.edu/about/awards-and-honors/alumni-and-students/nobel-laureates|work=Listing with bio|publisher=Regents of the University of California|accessdate=2012-12-17}}</ref> The professors are Lloyd Shapley, Economic Sciences, 2012;<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences 2012|url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economics/laureates/2012/|publisher=Nobel Foundation|accessdate=2012-12-17}}</ref> Louis Ignarro, Physiology or Medicine, 1998;<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1998|url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1998/|publisher=Nobel Foundation|accessdate=2012-12-17}}</ref> Paul Boyer, Chemistry, 1997;<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1997|url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1997/|publisher=Nobel Foundation|accessdate=2012-12-17}}</ref> Donald Cram, Chemistry, 1987;<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1987|url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1987/|publisher=Nobel Foundation|accessdate=2012-12-17}}</ref> Julian S. Schwinger, Physics, 1965;<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Physics 1965|url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1965/|publisher=Nobel Foundation|accessdate=2012-12-17}}</ref> and Willard Libby, Chemistry, 1960.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1960|url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1960/|publisher=Nobel Foundation|accessdate=2012-12-17}}</ref> Two other faculty members winning the Nobel Prize were [[Bertrand Russell]] and [[Al Gore]],<ref name=UCLA>{{cite web |url=http://today.ucla.edu/portal/ut/010213gore.aspx |title=Training the Next Community Builders:Gore taps faculty expertise |accessdate=August 20, 2008 |last=Lee |first=Cynthia |coauthors=Ko, Amy |year=2001 |publisher=UCLA Today}}</ref> who had a short stay at UCLA. The alumni Nobel laureates include Richard Heck, Chemistry, 2010;<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2010|url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2010/|publisher=Nobel Foundation|accessdate=2012-12-17}}</ref> Elinor Ostrom, Economic Sciences, 2009;<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences 2009|url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economics/laureates/2009/|publisher=Nobel Foundation|accessdate=2012-12-17}}</ref> and Randy Schekman, Medicine, 2013.<ref>{{cite web|title=Randy Schekman, molecular biologist and UCLA alumnus, wins 2013 Nobel Prize|url=http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/randy-schekman-molecular-biologist-248784.aspx?link_page_rss=248784|publisher=UCLA|accessdate=2013-10-07}}</ref> Fifty-two UCLA professors have been awarded [[Guggenheim Fellows]]hips, and eleven are [[MacArthur Fellows Program|MacArthur Foundation Fellows]]. Mathematics professor [[Terence Tao]] was awarded the 2006 [[Fields Medal]].<ref name="hc">{{cite web |url=http://hcr3.isiknowledge.com/browse_author.pl?link1=Browse&link2=Results&value=University+of+California,+Los+Angeles&submit=INSTITUTION&page=0 |title=List of UCLA Highly Cited Researchers |accessdate=2006-12-02 |author=Thomson Scientific |year=2002 |work=ISI Highly Cited Researchers Version 1.1 }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Society !! Faculty membership
|-
| [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] || 120
|-
| [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]] || 114
|-
| [[American Philosophical Society]] || 16
|-
| [[Institute of Medicine]] || 37
|-
| [[National Academy of Engineering]] || 22
|-
| [[National Academy of Sciences]] || 50
|-
| National Academy of Education || 7
|}

Geography professor [[Jared Diamond]] won the 1998 [[Pulitzer Prize]] for his book ''[[Guns, Germs, and Steel]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pulitzer.org/year/1998/general-non-fiction/ |title=The Pulitzer Prize Winners in 1998 |accessdate=2007-05-21 |year=2007 |work=Pulitzer Board |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070223093011/http://www.pulitzer.org/year/1998/general-non-fiction/ |archivedate = February 23, 2007}}</ref> Two UCLA history professors have each won 2008 Pulitzer Prizes for general nonfiction and history. [[Saul Friedländer]], professor of history and noted scholar of the Nazi Holocaust, won the prize for general nonfiction for his 2006 book, ''The Years of Extermination: Nazi [[Germany]] and the Jews, 1939–1945'', and Professor Emeritus Daniel Walker Howe won for his 2007 book, ''What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815–1848''.

A number of UCLA alumni are notable politicians. In the [[U.S. House of Representatives]], [[Henry Waxman]] ('61, '64) represents [[California's 30th congressional district]] and is Chairman of the [[House Energy and Commerce Committee]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/21/us/politics/21dingell.html |title=Democrats Oust Longtime Leader of House Panel |accessdate=2008-11-20 |work=New York Times | first=John M. | last=Broder | date=2008-11-21}}</ref> U.S. Representative [[Judy Chu]] ('74) represents [[California's 32nd congressional district]] and became the first [[Chinese American]] woman elected to the [[U.S. Congress]] in 2009.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://articles.latimes.com/2009/jul/16/local/me-judy-chu16 |title=Judy Chu becomes first Chinese American woman elected to Congress |accessdate=2009-07-16 |work=Los Angeles Times | first=Jean | last=Merl | date=2009-07-16}}</ref> [[Kirsten Gillibrand]] ('91) is U.S. Senator from the State of [[New York]] and former U.S. Representative for [[New York's 20th congressional district]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.boston.com/news/nation/articles/2009/01/24/gillibrand_appointed_to_senate_seat |title=Gillibrand appointed to Senate seat |accessdate=2005-05-18 |year=2005 |work=New York Times | first=Michael | last=Gormley}}</ref> UCLA boasts two [[Mayor of Los Angeles|Mayors of Los Angeles]], [[Tom Bradley (American politician)|Tom Bradley]] (1937-1940), the city's only African-American mayor, and [[Antonio Villaraigosa]] ('77), who served as mayor from 2005 to 2013.

Computer scientist [[Vint Cerf]] ('70, '72) is Vice President and Chief Internet Evangelist at [[Google]] and the person most widely considered the "father of the Internet."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.infoworld.com/d/cloud-computing/cerf-urges-standards-cloud-computing-817 |title=Cerf urges standards for cloud computing |accessdate=2010-01-08 |year=2010 |work=InfoWorld}}</ref> [[Henry Samueli]] ('75) is co-founder of [[Broadcom Corporation]] and owner of the [[Anaheim Ducks]]. [[Adam Miller]] is the CEO of [[Cornerstone OnDemand]].<ref>"Executive Team". ''Cornerstone OnDemand.'' Web. 20 Aug. 2013</ref>

UCLA alumni have also achieved prominence in the arts and entertainment. Composer [[John Williams]] is laureate conductor at the [[Boston Pops Orchestra]] and [[Academy Award]]-winning composer of the ''[[Star Wars]]'' film score. [[Martin Sherwin]] (’71) was awarded the [[Pulitzer Prize]] for ''[[American Prometheus|American Prometheus: The Triumph and Tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer]]''. Actors [[Ben Stiller]], [[Tim Robbins]], [[James Franco]], [[George Takei]], [[Sean Astin]], [[Holland Roden]] and [[Milo Ventimiglia]] are also UCLA alumni. Popular music artists [[Sara Bareilles]], [[The Doors]], [[Linkin Park]], and [[Maroon 5]] all attended UCLA. [[Giada De Laurentiis]] is a program host at [[Food Network]] and former chef at [[Spago]]. [[Greg Graffin]], lead singer of [[punk rock]] band [[Bad Religion]], earned a master's degree in Geology at UCLA, and currently teaches a course on evolution there.<ref>[http://magazine.ucla.edu/exclusives/bad-religion_greg-graffin/ Reading, Writing and Rock 'n' Roll - Web Exclusive - UCLA Magazine Online]. Magazine.ucla.edu. Retrieved on 2013-07-14.</ref> [[Carol Burnett]] was the winner of the Mark Twain Prize for American Humor in 2013.<ref>Mary Daily, [http://today.ucla.edu/portal/ut/alumna-carol-burnett-class-clown-249059.aspx Carol Burnett: UCLA's class clown takes national honors], ''UCLA Today'', October 22, 2013</ref>

[[Carlos Bocanegra]], the USA soccer team captain is also a UCLA alumnus.

UCLA also boasts an excellent military background, with hundreds of alumni moving beyond their undergraduate careers to serve their nation. [[Carlton Skinner]] was a U.S. Navy Commander who racially integrated the service at the end of [[World War 2]] on the [[USS Sea Cloud]]. He was also the first civilian governor of [[Guam]]. [[Francis B. Wai]] is, to date, the only Chinese-American and the first Asian-American to be awarded the Congressional [[Medal of Honor]] for his actions in World War II. UCLA also lost an alumnus in early 2007 when Second Lieutenant Mark Daily was killed in Mosul, Iraq after his HMMWV was hit by an IED. Lieutenant Daily's service is marked by a plaque located on the northern face of the Student Activities Center (SAC), where the ROTC halls are currently located.

UCLA's faculty and alumni have won a number of awards including:

{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* 105 [[Academy Award]]s
* 278 [[Emmy Award]]s
* 1 [[Fields Medal]]
* 2 [[Turing Award]]s
* 11 [[Fulbright Program|Fulbright Scholars]] (since 2000)
* 78 [[Guggenheim Fellows]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aim.ucla.edu/profile/main.asp |title=UCLA Profile |publisher=Aim.ucla.edu |date= |accessdate=2010-05-23}}</ref>
* 11 [[MacArthur Fellows]]
* 1 [[Mark Twain Prize for American Humor]]
* 10 [[National Medal of Science|National Medals of Science]]
* 14 [[Nobel Laureates]]
* 3 [[Presidential Medal of Freedom|Presidential Medals of Freedom]]
* 1 [[Pritzker Prize]] in Architecture
* 3 [[Pulitzer Prize]]s
* 12 [[Rhodes Scholars]]
* 1 [[Medal of Honor]]
{{div col end}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons|University of California, Los Angeles}}
*[http://www.ucla.edu Official University Website]
*[http://www.uclabruins.com Official Athletics Website]

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