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The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air

2011-05-20T22:47:08Z

Elegantelbow: /* Syndication */

{{unreliablesources|date=April 2011}}
{{Infobox television
| show_name = The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air
| image = [[File:Freshprincelogo.jpg|250px]]
| caption = The mid-program [[Commercial bumper|bumper]]
| format = [[Sitcom]]
| camera = [[Videotape]]; [[Multi-camera]]
| picture_format = 480i ([[SDTV]])
| runtime = 23 minutes
| creator = [[Andy Borowitz]] Susan Borowitz
| executive_producer = [[Quincy Jones]] [[Andy Borowitz]] Susan Borowitz Kevin Wendle (season 1) Winifred Hervey (seasons 2–3) Gary H. Miller (season 4-early season 5) Cheryl Gard (mid-late season 5) Jeff Pollock Will Smith (season 6)
| company = The Stuffed Dog Company Quincy Jones Productions (seasons 1–3) Quincy Jones/David Salzman Entertainment (seasons 4–6) [[NBC Productions]]
|starring = [[Will Smith]] [[James Avery (actor)|James Avery]] [[Janet Hubert-Whitten]] (1990–1993) [[Daphne Maxwell Reid]] (1993–1996) [[Alfonso Ribeiro]] [[Karyn Parsons]] [[Tatyana Ali]] [[Ross Bagley]] (1994–1996) [[Joseph Marcell]]
| theme_music_composer = The Fresh Prince, in association with A Touch of Jazz, Inc.
| opentheme = "The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air", performed by Will Smith
| country = United States
| language = English
| location = [[Bel Air, Los Angeles|Bel Air]], Los Angeles(setting) [[Hollywood Center Studios]], Hollywood, California (season 1) [[Sunset Gower Studios]], Hollywood, California (seasons 2–3) [[NBC Studios]], Burbank, California (seasons 4–6; all taping locations)
| network = [[NBC]]
| first_aired = {{Start date|1990|9|10}}
| last_aired = {{end date|1996|5|20}}
| num_seasons = 6
| num_episodes = 148
| list_episodes = List of The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air episodes
| status = Ended
}}
'''''The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air''''' is an American television [[sitcom]] that originally aired on NBC from September 10, 1990 to May 20, 1996. The show stars [[Will Smith]] as [[List of The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air characters#Will_Smith|a fictionalized version of himself]], a street-smart teenager from [[West Philadelphia]] who is sent to move in with his aunt and uncle in wealthy [[Bel Air, Los Angeles|Bel Air]] in their mansion, where his lifestyle often clashes with that of his relatives. 148 episodes were produced over six seasons.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tv.com/the-fresh-prince-of-bel-air/show/475/episode_guide.html?season=0&tag=season_dropdown;dropdown;6 |title=Episode List for The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air |publisher=Tv.com |date= |accessdate=2011-03-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title= As Will Smith's Sitcom Wraps Up Tonight, Its Absence Will Be Felt |publisher= LA Times|date=May 20, 1996|url= http://articles.latimes.com/1996-05-20/entertainment/ca-6351_1_fresh-prince|accessdate=2010-08-25}}</ref>

==Background==
[[Will Smith]] was a popular and successful [[rapping|rapper]] during the late 1980s, but, because he had spent money too freely and grossly underpaid his income taxes, he was assessed a penalty of $2.8 million by the [[Internal Revenue Service|IRS]]. The agency subsequently seized many of his possessions and [[garnishment|garnished]] his income.<ref>{{cite interview|first=Will|last=Smith|interviewer=[[Steve Kroft]]|program=60 Minutes|callsign=CBS|date=2007-12-02}}</ref> This left Smith nearly bankrupt when, in 1990, he was approached by the television network NBC who signed him on to a contract and built a sitcom around him.<ref>{{cite news|title= 'Fresh Prince of Bel Air' Puts Rap in Mainstream
|work= New York Times|date=September 17, 1990|url= http://www.nytimes.com/1990/09/17/arts/fresh-prince-of-bel-air-puts-rap-in-mainstream.html?scp=7&sq=fresh%20prince&st=cse|accessdate=2010-08-11 | first=Larry | last=Rohter}}</ref>

==Theme song and opening sequence==

The theme song and opening sequence explain the context of the show. Will Smith is revealed as a street-smart teenager, born and raised on the mean streets of [[West Philadelphia]].

The theme song was written and performed by Smith, as "The Fresh Prince". The music was composed by [[Quincy Jones III|QD3]], who is credited with Smith at the end of each episode. The music often used to bridge scenes together during the show is based on a similar chord structure. The full version of the theme song was used unedited on some early episodes. The full-length version, which is 2:52", was included on Will Smith's [[Greatest Hits (Will Smith album)|Greatest Hits]] album and attributed to himself only. A 3:23" version was released in the Netherlands in 1992, and reached #3 on the charts.

For the first few episodes of the show stanzas one to three and stanzas six and seven were used. Beginning with Episode #4 (titled "Not With My Pig, You Don't"), only the first two and the last two stanzas of the song were used. The change to the theme song allowed for longer episodes to be created.

Seasons 1, 5, and 6 featured an instrumental version of the theme and still photographs from the episode for the closing credits. In Seasons 2, 3, and 4, the music and stills were dropped and closing credits would almost always appear over bloopers and outtakes from the episode.

==Cast and characters==
{{Main|List of The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air characters}}
* [[Will Smith]] as Will "The Fresh Prince" Smith
* [[Alfonso Ribeiro]] as Carlton Banks
* [[James L. Avery, Sr.|James Avery]] as Philip "Uncle Phil" Banks
* [[Karyn Parsons]] as Hilary Banks
* [[Janet Hubert-Whitten]] and [[Daphne Maxwell Reid]] as Vivian Banks
* [[Tatyana M. Ali]] as Ashley Banks
* [[Joseph Marcell]] as Geoffrey Butler
* [[Ross Bagley]] as Nicky Banks
* [[DJ Jazzy Jeff|Jeffrey Townes]] as DJ Jazzy Jeff "Jazz"

==Episodes==
{{Main|List of The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air episodes}}

==Recurring settings==
===The Banks mansion===
The mansion is where the Banks family, as well as Will, live; the address was revealed in the fourth season's "For Sale By Owner" as 805 Saint Cloud Road. A majority of the show's scenes take place in the mansion. Originally, most of the family scenes took place in the living room, with less prominence given to the kitchen. The living room set had archways at either end to hallways, and two doorways at the back of the set to the side yard. The right-side hallway was occasionally shot in, and had a staircase upstairs, and the front door. The kitchen set was not attached to the rest of the downstairs set, and was unconventionally laid out compared to many sitcoms: The left side had counters that continued along the [[fourth wall]] (where the audience would be), and had a lot of depth (from the audience perspective), with camera angles frequently shooting almost parallel to the fourth wall. The set had two interior doors; one of which, at the right side of the set, led to the hallway left of the living room (though was not attached on set), and an exterior door to the unseen back yard. There was a dining room also off the hallway left of the living room. The upper floor hallway was shown in Season 1, until the mansion sets were completely rebuilt after the season.

In the second season, the kitchen and living room sets were rebuilt much larger with a more contemporary style (as opposed to the much more formal style of the first season), and were connected directly by an archway, allowing scenes to be shot continuously between the sets, which is where most scenes were shot. The staircase upstairs was incorporated into the back of the living room, with only one rarely-used exit to the side yard beside it. An actual television prop was added at the fourth wall, whereas there had only been one implicitly in the first season. The archway to the right still led to a hallway with the front door. The only element that remained from the original set was the kitchen's left-hand wall and island which were rotated ninety degrees to become the back wall at the right of the kitchen, with some modification to the cosmetics. The archway was the only way into the room, other than the exit at the left to the backyard patio, which was now an existing part of the main house set.

In addition, Will's and occasionally other family members', rooms were shown (sometimes changing looks between appearances) during the series. The pool house was shown in one episode of season 3. A different set was used when it became a main location in season 4 until the end of the series, after Will and Carlton moved in.

Despite the changes, the exterior shot of the Banks house was constant throughout the series, usually featured in still shots. Contrary to popular belief the house used for the exterior shots is not located in [[Bel-Air, Los Angeles, California]], but is in fact located in [[Brentwood, Los Angeles, California|Brentwood]].<ref name="test">[http://www.iamnotastalker.com/2008/05/22/fresh-prince-house-for-real-this-time/], The location of the Banks Mansion.</ref> A running gag, however, featured Jazz being physically thrown out of the front door using the exterior of the house. Every time he is thrown out of the house, he is shown wearing the same shirt although he does not always wear it when he is thrown out (the producers never shot a second sequence with Jazz being thrown out of the house, only adjusting the original scene for time purposes; an exception is in the episode "Community Action", where Jazz was thrown out along with a lifesize cardboard cut-out of [[Bill Cosby]], complete with a blooper showing [[Jeff Townes]] reshooting his flying off the house several times).

===Bel-Air Academy===
Bel-Air Academy is the private high school that Will and Carlton attend in the show's first three seasons. Ashley starts attending the school as a freshman the same year Will and Carlton graduate from Bel-Air Academy in the show's third season.

===Jazz's apartment in Compton===
Jazz lives with a few friends in a run-down apartment complex in [[Compton, California]] called the Chalet Towers. This setting was seen in the first four seasons of the show.

===KFPB Channel 8 News station===
This setting was seen throughout Season 3 because Hilary was hired as a [[weather forecasting|weather girl]], and fell in love with [[List of The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air characters#Trevor Collins/Newsworthy|Trevor Collins]] who also worked at the station. After Trevor died in a bungee accident, the setting was written off toward the end of the fourth Season. The setting returned in Season 6 however, because Hilary's own talk show was produced there.

===ULA Student Store===
The University Los Angeles Store (also known as "The Peacock Stop", for the schools mascot) is where Will, Carlton, and Will's friend [[Jackie Ames]] worked. In Season 4, Jackie is the manager, Carlton is the assistant manager, and Will is the cashier. When Jackie leaves ULA in the middle of Season 4, Carlton takes over as manager and Will becomes assistant manager and cashier until Season 5. Carlton took the power that he had as manager to his head and started trying to control Will and over priced everything in the store. After an argument between Will and Carlton, Will leaves and the Peacock Stop begins to go out of business.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cbs Entertainment|url=http://www.tv.com/the-fresh-prince-of-bel-air/show/475/episode.html|accessdate=24 March 2011}}</ref>

==Syndication==
The series was originally an NBC production in association with The Stuffed Dog Company and Quincy Jones Productions (later QDE, or Quincy Jones/David Salzman Entertainment). After the show was released to syndication in 1994, the rights reverted to [[Warner Bros. Television]], which continues to distribute the show worldwide (although NBC Universal does own the series' copyright). [[WGN America]] was the first cable channel to acquire the series in 1997, TBS acquired the series a year later in 1998; both channels carried the series until the fall of 2003, though TBS reacquired the series in 2007. The theme song was shown in the original TBS run, but after TBS re-acquired ''Fresh Prince'' in 2007, the opening credits were truncated and the theme song removed and replaced with the instrumental version used as the shows closing theme; these versions also re-added portions of scenes cut from the original syndicated prints for some episodes, particularly those from seasons 3-6.

The series aired on [[Nick at Nite]] from 2004 to 2009, as well as sister network (through [[Nickelodeon (TV channel)|Nickelodeon]]) [[The N]] (now [[TeenNick]]) with portions of scenes that were removed from other syndicated airings, with parts of scenes kept in other syndicated airings removed due to time constraints; the series was dropped from its schedule in September 2009 after Disney/ABC purchased the rights to the show. In July 2009, [[Disney XD (United States)|Disney XD]] acquired the rights to the series, though it was quickly moved from prime-time to late night airings, and only episodes from seasons 1-3 are aired, mainly because those episodes are more appropriate for young viewers and does not contain as much mature themes and sexual content as later episodes. But in August 2010, Disney XD stopped airing the show for unknown reasons. [[ABC Family]] acquired the series in September 2008, though airing all 148 episodes; originally airing exclusively on Saturday nights, the series was added to ABC Family's weekday line-up in late 2009, though since March 2010, ABC Family again airs ''The Fresh Prince'' only on Saturday late nights, though the number of episodes aired or if any episode airs at all depends on the channel's film schedule.

In the UK, the show was exclusively aired in 1991 on [[BBC Two]] up until the Summer 2004. The channel edited the episodes so that, like the pilot, the titles would come before the beginning of the episode; this was indicated by the lack of credits in the first scene. It has since aired on digital channels [[Trouble (TV)|Trouble]] and [[Channel One (UK TV Channel)|Channel One]], both of which are now defunct, and now airs on [[Sky Living Loves]].

In Canada, the series aired on [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|CBC]]. The show previously aired on [[YTV (TV channel)|YTV]] and [[Comedy Gold (TV channel)|The Comedy Network]]. It now airs on [[Comedy Gold (TV channel)|Comedy Gold]] and the [[Crossroads Television System]].

It has been airing on [[Nickelodeon (Latin America)#Nick at Nite|Nick@Nite Latin America]] since 2006.

In Spain, The fresh Prince of Bel Air was a huge success. Originally it arrived in Spain via regional broadcaster TV3 who screened episodes dubbed into Catalan, but the series would go unnoticed until national broadcaster antena3TV picked up the rights for a national broadcast. Titled El principe de Bel Air, the series would open with a Spanish version of the Fresh Prince rap. The series took the 2pm weekday comedy spot thatA3TV had opened, and remained anchored there for years, where the channel rerun the series in loop numerous times. The series would later expand to air two daily episodes; at 2 and 230pm seven days a week. A3TV usually aired new episodes once the US had completed the series, and new episodes would usually arrive in time for the Summer months, where they would air in the Monday to Friday 2pm slot. Once these were screened, A3tv would go back to reruns. The Fresh Prince double slot on A3TV usually attracted 2.5million viewers and the series usually ranked in the Daily Top 10 of Spanish TV.

After many years of rerunning on Antena 3TV, El principe de Bel Air would find a second life on Spain's regional channels, where it again went on to enjoy multiple looped reruns. In 2010, Antena3TV recovered the series and placed it in the schedules of its spin off youth skewed digital channel Antena Neox where it continues to air

==DVD releases==
[[Warner Home Video]] has released the complete series, seasons 1-6 on DVD in Region 1 and 2. .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tvshowsondvd.com/news/Fresh-Prince-Bel-Air-Season-6/14914 |title=The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air DVD news: Announcement for The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air - The Complete 6th Season |publisher=TVShowsOnDVD.com |date=2007-05-25 |accessdate=2011-03-25}}</ref> Seasons 1-4 have been released in region 4.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!rowspan="2"|DVD Name!!rowspan="2"|Ep #!!colspan="3"|Release dates
|-
! Region 1 !! Region 2 !! Region 4
|-
| The Complete 1st Season
| style="text-align:center;"|25
| February 8, 2005<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dvdempire.com/Exec/v4_item.asp?item_id=644879 |title=Fresh Prince Of Bel-Air, The: The Complete First Season DVD @ DVD Empire |publisher=Dvdempire.com |date=2005-02-08 |accessdate=2011-03-25}}</ref>
| February 21, 2005<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B0006GVK2K |title=The Fresh Prince Of Bel-Air - The Complete First Series DVD: Amazon.co.uk: Will Smith, James Avery, Janet Hubert-Whitten, Alfonso Ribeiro, Karyn Parsons, Tatyana M. Ali, Joseph Marcell: DVD |publisher=Amazon.co.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-03-25}}</ref>
| April 13, 2005<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ezydvd.com.au/item.zml/778036 |title=Buy Fresh Prince Of Bel-Air, The - The Complete 1st Season (5 Disc Set) @ EzyDVD |publisher=Ezydvd.com.au |date=2005-04-27 |accessdate=2011-03-25}}</ref>
|-
| The Complete 2nd Season
| style="text-align:center;"|24
| October 11, 2005<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dvdempire.com/Exec/v4_item.asp?item_id=693863 |title=Fresh Prince Of Bel-Air, The: The Complete Second Season DVD @ DVD Empire |publisher=Dvdempire.com |date= |accessdate=2011-03-25}}</ref>
| November 21, 2005<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B000B7KXJK |title=The Fresh Prince Of Bel-Air - The Complete Second Series DVD: Amazon.co.uk: Will Smith, James Avery, Janet Hubert-Whitten, Alfonso Ribeiro, Karyn Parsons, Tatyana M. Ali, Joseph Marcell, DJ Jazzy Jeff, Ellen Falcon: DVD |publisher=Amazon.co.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-03-25}}</ref>
| March 1, 2006<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ezydvd.com.au/item.zml/785394 |title=Buy Fresh Prince Of Bel-Air, The - The Complete 2nd Season (4 Disc Set) @ EzyDVD |publisher=Ezydvd.com.au |date= |accessdate=2011-03-25}}</ref>
|-
| The Complete 3rd Season
| style="text-align:center;"|24
| February 14, 2006<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dvdempire.com/Exec/v4_item.asp?item_id=766692 |title=Fresh Prince Of Bel-Air, The: The Complete Third Season DVD @ DVD Empire |publisher=Dvdempire.com |date=2006-02-14 |accessdate=2011-03-25}}</ref>
| June 26, 2006<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B000ELIV4W |title=The Fresh Prince Of Bel-Air - The Complete Third Season DVD: Amazon.co.uk: Will Smith, James Avery, Karyn Parsons, Alfonso Ribeiro, Tatyana M. Ali, Joseph Marcell: DVD |publisher=Amazon.co.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-03-25}}</ref>
| August 9, 2006<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ezydvd.com.au/item.zml/787663 |title=Buy Fresh Prince Of Bel-Air, The - The Complete 3rd Season (4 Disc Set) @ EzyDVD |publisher=Ezydvd.com.au |date=2006-08-09 |accessdate=2011-03-25}}</ref>
|-
| The Complete 4th Season
| style="text-align:center;"|26
| August 8, 2006<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dvdempire.com/Exec/v4_item.asp?item_id=1118025 |title=Fresh Prince Of Bel-Air, The: The Complete Fourth Season DVD @ DVD Empire |publisher=Dvdempire.com |date=2006-08-08 |accessdate=2011-03-25}}</ref>
| January 22, 2007<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B000K7JX2Y |title=The Fresh Prince Of Bel-Air - Series 4 [DVD]: Amazon.co.uk: Will Smith: DVD |publisher=Amazon.co.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-03-25}}</ref>
| December 6, 2006<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ezydvd.com.au/item.zml/789467 |title=Buy Fresh Prince Of Bel-Air, The - The Complete 4th Season (4 Disc Set) @ EzyDVD |publisher=Ezydvd.com.au |date=2006-12-06 |accessdate=2011-03-25}}</ref>
|-
| The Complete 5th Season
| style="text-align:center;"|25
| May 11, 2010<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dvdempire.com/Exec/v4_item.asp?item_id=1519467 |title=Fresh Prince Of Bel-Air, The: The Complete Fifth Season DVD @ DVD Empire |publisher=Dvdempire.com |date=2010-11-05 |accessdate=2011-03-25}}</ref>
| July 2010<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bol.com/nl/p/dvd/fresh-prince-of-bel-air-seizoen-5/1002004009662863/index.html#product_specifications |title=Fresh Prince Of Bel Air - Season 5, Will Smith, James Avery & Alfonso |publisher=bol.com |date= |accessdate=2011-03-25}}</ref>
| TBA
|-
| The Complete 6th Season
| style="text-align:center;"|24
| April 19, 2011
| March 2011<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bol.com/nl/p/dvd/fresh-prince-of-bel-air-seizoen-6/1002004011248931/index.html |title=Fresh Prince Of Bel Air - Season 6, Joseph Marcell, James Avery & Tatyana |publisher=bol.com |date= |accessdate=2011-03-25}}</ref>
| TBA
|}

==Awards and nominations==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Awards
! Outcome
! Recipient(s)
! Year
|-
| colspan="4" style="background:#f2d5a6;"| [[ASCAP Award|ASCAP Film and Television Music Awards]]:
|-
| Top TV Series
| Won
| [[Quincy Jones]] [[Will Smith]] [[DJ Jazzy Jeff]]
| 1994
|-
| colspan="4" style="background:#f2d5a6;"| [[Emmy Award]]s:
|-
| Outstanding Individual Achievement in Lighting Direction for a Comedy Series
| Nominated
| Art Busch
| 1996
|-
| colspan="4" style="background:#f2d5a6;"| [[Golden Globe|Golden Globe Awards]]:
|-
| Best Performance by an Actor in a TV-Series – Comedy/Musical
| Nominated
| Will Smith
| 1994
|-
| Best Performance by an Actor in a TV-Series – Comedy/Musical
| Nominated<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0098800/awards|title=Awards for The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air|publisher=Imdb.com|accessdate=2008-08-07|last=|first=}}</ref>
| Will Smith
| 1993
|-
| colspan="4" style="background:#f2d5a6;"| [[Image Award]]:
|-
| Outstanding Comedy Series
| Nominated
|
| 1997
|-
| Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series
| Won
| [[Alfonso Ribeiro]]
| 1996
|-
| Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series
| Nominated
| Will Smith
| 1997
|-
| Outstanding Youth Actor/Actress
| Won
| [[Tatyana Ali]]
| 1997
|-
| Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series
| Nominated
| [[Nia Long]]
| 1996
|-
| Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series
| Nominated
| [[Daphne Maxwell Reid]]
| 1996
|-
| colspan="4" style="background:#f2d5a6;"| [[Kids' Choice Awards]]:
|-
| Favorite Television Actor
| Nominated
| Will Smith
| 1996
|-
| Favorite Television Show
| Nominated
|
| 1996
|-
| Favorite TV Actress
| Won
| Tatyana Ali
| 1996
|-
| colspan="4" style="background:#f2d5a6;"| [[ALMA Award|NCLR Bravo Awards]]:
|-
| Outstanding Television Series Actor in a Crossover Role
| Nominated
| Alfonso Ribeiro
| 1996
|-
| colspan="4" style="background:#f2d5a6;"| [[TP de Oro]]:
|-
| Best Foreign Series (Mejor Serie Extranjera)
| Nominated
|
| 1996
|-
| Best Foreign Series (Mejor Serie Extranjera)
| Won
|
| 1994
|-
| colspan="4" style="background:#f2d5a6;"| [[TV Land Awards]]:
|-
| Best Broadcast Butler
| Nominated
| [[Joseph Marcell]]
| 2004
|-
| Favorite "Fish Out of Water"
| Nominated
| Will Smith
| 2004
|-
| colspan="4" style="background:#f2d5a6;"| [[Young Artist Awards]]:
|-
| Best Performance by an Actor Under Ten – Television
| Won
| [[Ross Bagley]]
| 1996
|-
| Best Performance by an Actor Under Ten in a TV Series
| Won
| Ross Bagley
| 1995
|-
| Best Youth Comedienne
| Nominated
| Tatyana Ali
| 1994
|-
| Best Young Actor Guest Starring in a Television Series
| Nominated
| [[Larenz Tate]]
| 1993
|-
| Best Young Actor Guest Starring or Recurring Role in a TV Series
| Nominated
| [[Tevin Campbell]]
| 1992
|-
| Best New Family Television Comedy Series
| Won
|
| 1991
|-
| colspan="4" style="background:#f2d5a6;"| YoungStar Award:
|-
| Best Performance by a Young Actress in a Comedy TV Series
| Won
| Tatyana Ali
| 1997
|}
{{Portal|Los Angeles}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Wikiquote}}
* {{epguides|FreshPrinceofBelAir}}
* {{imdb title|0098800}}
* {{Tv.com|475}}

{{FreshPrinceNav}}

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[[Category:1990s American television series]]
[[Category:1990 television series debuts]]
[[Category:1996 television series endings]]
[[Category:American television sitcoms]]
[[Category:Black sitcoms]]
[[Category:English-language television series]]
[[Category:Internet memes]]
[[Category:Metafictional works]]
[[Category:NBC network shows]]
[[Category:Television series by Warner Bros. Television]]
[[Category:Television series by NBC Universal Television]]
[[Category:Television shows set in Los Angeles, California]]

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[[th:เดอะเฟรชพรินซ์ออฟเบลแอร์]]

The Westing Game

2009-09-11T07:59:14Z

Elegantelbow: repaired typo

{{Cleanup|date=September 2007}}
{{unreferenced|date=September 2008}}
{{Infobox Book | 
| name = The Westing Game
| =
| translator =
| image = [[Image:Westing cover.jpg|200px]]
| image_caption = 1992 Puffin edition.
| author = [[Ellen Raskin]]
| illustrator = Nathan Althoff
| cover_artist =
| country = [[United States]]
| language = [[English language|English]]
| series =
| genre = [[Children's literature|Children's]] [[Mystery novel]]
| publisher = [[E. P. Dutton]]
| release_date = 1978
| media_type = Print ([[Hardcover|Hardback]] & [[Paperback]])
| pages = 185
| isbn = ISBN 0-525-47137-5 ISBN 0-14-240120-X ISBN 0-14-038664-5
| preceded_by =
| followed_by =
}}
'''''The Westing Game''''' is a novel by [[Ellen Raskin]] that was awarded the [[Newbery Medal]] in 1979. It has been adapted into a movie, released under both the names ''The Westing Game'' and ''[[Get a Clue (1997 film)|Get a Clue]]''. The sixteen heirs of magnate Sam Westing are called upon at the reading of his will to unravel the secret behind his untimely demise.

==Synopsis==
Sixteen individuals that live or work in the Sunset Towers apartment building come together to hear the will of wealthy industrialist Samuel W. Westing. The will takes the form of a puzzle, dividing up the sixteen heirs into eight pairs, giving each pair a different set of clues, and challenging the heirs to solve the mystery of which of the sixteen of them killed Samuel W. Westing. Whoever solves the mystery will inherit Westing's $200,000,000 fortune. Different friendships are made and broken among the heirs as they try to solve the clues.

==Characters==
*'''James Shin Hoo'''
James is a frustrated man. Having failed at his career as an inventor, he started a restaurant in Sunset Towers that isn't very successful. He doesn't understand his wife or his "dumb jock" of a son. Despite his surly demeanor, though, he does have a caring side, expressed through his practical and ingenious solutions to others' problems. He blames Westing for stealing his inventions (namely the disposable paper diaper) and gaining wealth and fame while Hoo languishes in obscurity. At the end of the story he makes a veritable fortune on paper insoles (an invention made originally to help Sandy McSouthers stay comfortable while standing up all day)!

*'''Sun Lin Hoo'''
Sun Lin comes from China by way of Hong Kong, and speaks practically no English, which isolates her from most of the other residents of Sunset , and resourceful, able to capitalize on opportunities when they present themselves to her. Because she doesn't speak English at first, the other residents of the apartment ignore her, however her "partner" for the Westing Game (Jake Wexler) talks to her, since he realizes that she will never learn English unless someone speaks it to her. As the book progresses, she speaks more and more English to the point of speaking it fluently at the end. She's the burglar. At the end of the book, Madame Sun Lin Hoo (or Sunny, as her nickname at that point is) chooses to take over her husbands paper insole business rather than go back to China.

*'''Doug Hoo'''
Doug is a high-school jock with aspirations for a career in athletics. He spends much of his spare time training; his father criticizes his son's lack of interest in the family business as laziness. His mother, however, seems very proud of his accomplishments. In the end of the story, Doug becomes an Olympic star, winning the gold medal twice, and goes on to become a sports announcer.

*'''George and Catherine Theodorakis'''
George and Catherine run the successful coffee shop in Sunset Towers. Catherine is not a significant character in the story, important mostly as a sign of George Theodorakis having moved on from an ill-fated romance in his past that ties him to the Westing family. They are not heirs in the Westing will.

*'''Theo Theodorakis'''
Theo is George and Catherine's high-school-aged son. He's a nice enough kid, but not probing in his analysis. He often fails to see the real truth behind the obvious facade, as when he misjudges his partner Doug Hoo as nothing but a jock, when he develops a crush on the pretty Angela Wexler without learning anything about who she is as a person, and when he falls for a gambit and takes his opponent's queen in a game of chess. He takes care of his brother, Christos, but uses his brother's condition as an excuse to not choose a college to go to. He marries Turtle Wexler later on, but does not pursue a child yet, due to the possibility of having the same problem as Chris.

*'''Christos Theodorakis'''
Christos is a troubled child. A disability he has contracted has limited his movement and left him with a terrible stutter. Although people think he is dumb, he is very observant and helps his partner, Denton Deere. He also birdwatches. His speak condition and general health improves as the book progresses, thanks to a medicine Doctor Deere gives him. At the end of the book he even discovers a new breed of bird with the help of his wife.

*'''Dr. Jake Wexler'''
Jake Wexler is a podiatrist and a bookie. He is a caring father and loving husband, and the only tenant in Sunset Towers to make any attempt to communicate with Madame Hoo other than her own family. He and Madame Hoo form by far the least active team in the game. Jake Wexler seems to try to keep his family together, worrying about Angela's insecurities and his wife's anxieties.

*'''Grace Windsor Wexler'''
Grace is conscious of social class to a fault; she is extremely concerned with presenting herself as culturally sophisticated and high-born, fancying herself an heiress and a decorator rather than a housewife, stressing her regal "Windsor" name, and identifying her podiatrist husband as a "doctor." She is not as shallow as she comes across, having married for love and not for money, but is determined that her daughter Angela will fare better in life than she did. Her maiden name was Gracie Windkloppel and she is really related to Sam Westing. Using her interior decorating skills, she helps her Westing Game partner, James Hoo, fix up his shop with a new look and title (Hoo's on First), which helps it attract more customers. After Hoo goes into the paper insole business, Grace takes over Hoo's on First (now a restaurant chain going all the way to Hoo's on Tenth). According to Turtle, Hoo's on Tenth isn't as successful, but it's closest to where Jake works, which is why Grace keeps it open.

*'''Angela Wexler'''
Most of the tenants of Sunset Towers dismiss Angela as just another pretty face. She is engaged to up-and-coming plastic surgeon Dr. Denton Deere with the strong support of her mother, although Angela still harbors reservations. Although her little sister Turtle would scarcely believe it, Angela is jealous of Turtle's ability to defy authority. Later in the story, she stopped the engagement with Dr. Deere, but later married him and had a girl named Alice, after Turtle. Angela tends to be favored over Turtle, given the larger bedroom and more attention. She also doesn't know how to drive a car, as her mother felt that she would always find men to drive for her and her father didn't have the patience to teach her.

*'''Tabitha-Ruth Alice "Turtle" Wexler'''
If Angela inherited her mother's good looks, Turtle inherited her mother's scheming. Largely neglected and brushed aside by her mother in favor of her older sister Angela, Turtle acts out to get attention, often kicking shins, especially when someone touches her braids. She finds a mother figure in her soft-spoken partner, Flora Baumbach, who she calls "Baba". Turtle approaches the Westing game like a market capitalist, and ultimately sees through Westing's misdirection to understand the real mystery behind Sam Westing's game. Turtle is the closest character the book has to being the main character, and in one of the movie adaptations she was in fact the main character.

*'''Sydelle Pulaski'''
Sydelle is a habitually overlooked person. She decided to fight against the anonymity brought on by her working-class upbringing as the child of immigrants by capitalizing on whatever chance events might bring her attention: her having the only transcript of the will (even though it is in Polish), by dint of her secretarial training; her young, attractive partner; her injury, which she exaggerates by painting her crutches; and her accidental status as a Westing heir itself. Sydelle really becomes injured during the book however she recovers. At the end of the book, Sydelle marries her boss. She is shown using her crutches, however that was for really hurting her ankle on the dancing floor, since after the Westing game, she no longer had difficulty with being noticed.

*'''Otis Amber'''
Otis, comes across as an uncouth delivery boy, apparently a minor figure in Sunset Towers, but turns out to have hidden depths, such as his working in the local soup kitchen, run by fellow Sunset Towers employee Berthe Erica Crow. He has feelings for Crow and marries her in the end.

*'''Berthe Erica Crow'''
Known to most tenants only as "Crow," this slight, pinched woman serves as cleaning woman for Sunset Towers. A deeply religious woman, Crow provides food to the indigent at the Good Salvation Soup Kitchen. She is haunted by a tragedy in her past, which leads her to become a curious ally of Angela's. She is also Sam Westing's former wife, as well as the answer to the Westing Game.

*'''Flora Baumbach'''
Flora Baumbach is an overly cheery, perky dressmaker who becomes something of a mother figure to her partner, Turtle, who takes to calling her "Baba." Although a naturally optimistic person, she has developed her exaggeratedly cheerful disposition in order to cope with tragedy in her own past, including the loss of her mentally retarded daughter Rosalie.

*'''D. Denton Deere'''
Denton Deere, is interning to become a plastic surgeon, and is engaged to Angela Wexler. He is at first discomfited by being paired with Chris Theodorakis, but grows to appreciate the boy's intellect and interest in science. He is sometimes depicted as being absent-minded or inattentive.

*'''Josie-Jo Ford'''
Judge J.J. Ford, is a highly competent judge, intimidating on the bench, choosing to smile only on rare occasions. As the gangly daughter of the Westing's maid, she remembers playing chess with Sam Westing, and losing every time. She is determined to win this final game with Sam Westing. Westing paid for her education, which she suspects was a politically calculated move on his part. Ford is one of the most brilliant players of the Westing game, trying to calculate Westings moves and motives. In the end, she gains a place on the Supreme Court.

*'''Sandy McSouthers'''
Sunset Towers' sprightly doorman is always ready with a smile, a colorful anecdote, or a cheerful tune whistled through his chipped tooth, a memento from brawling in his younger days. He is 65 years old and is a jolly man. He also keeps an eye and an ear out for any bits of information his fellow tenants might drop.

*'''Julian R. Eastman'''
Mr. Eastman is chairman of the board of Westing Paper Products, and takes a keen interest in all of the heirs to Westing's fortune. He is also one of Sam Westing's four disguises, and also the answer.

*'''Edgar "E.J." Plum'''
Ed Plum is a somewhat bumbling, disorganized, ineloquent lawyer who has been assigned the daunting task of executing the will of Sam Westing, and carrying out its many eccentric and unconventional instructions.

*'''Dr. Sidney Sikes'''
Dr. Sikes served as Sam Westing's personal physician and close friend. He is instrumental in the plot, but the story reveals little about his character.

'''Family'''

*Jake and Grace Wexler have two daughters: Angela and Turtle. Grace claims that Sam Westing was her uncle.
*James Hoo and Sun Lin Hoo are married; Sun Lin is James's second wife and Doug Hoo is James's son from his first marriage.
*George and Catherine Theodorakis have two sons: Chris and Theo.
*Flora Baumbach had a mentally-disabled daughter, Rosalie, who died of pneumonia when she was 19.'''

==Clues by Team==
*Madame Hoo and Jake -- OF AMERICA AND GOD ABOVE
*Turtle and Flora -- SEA MT AM O
*Chris and Denton -- FOR PLAIN GRAIN SHED
*Ford and Sandy -- SKIES AM SHINING BROTHER
*Grace and James -- PURPLE WAVES FRUITED SEA FOR
*Crow and Otis -- WITH THY BEAUTIFUL MAJESTIES
*Doug and Theo -- ON TO THIS FOR HIS N
*Angela and Sydelle -- GOOD HOOD SPACIOUS GRACE FROM

Altogether, in the correct order:
O BEAUTIFUL FOR SPACIOUS SKIES
FOR AM (ber) WAVES OF GRAIN
FOR PURPLE MOUNTAIN MAJESTIES
ABOVE (the) FRUITED PLAIN
AMERICA AM (erica)
GOD SHED HIS GRACE ON THEE
AND (crow) N THY HOOD WITH BROTHERHOOD
FROM SEA TO SHINING SEA

==Solution==

The clues provided to the heirs are most the words of "[[America the Beautiful]]", taken out of order. When rearranged, it becomes clear that several words or parts of words are missing; these spell out "Berthe Erica Crow", the name of one of the 16 heirs. However, this is not the true answer. It is simply a scheme used to distract the heirs and keep them from finding the actual solution to the game. Judge J.J. Ford later recognizes this move as the "queen's sacrifice", a move that Sam would always use to beat her in chess.

The will does not state that Samuel Westing was murdered but rather that his "life was taken." The will stated that "the one who wins the windfall will be the one who finds the... FOURTH." Turtle realizes that "the fourth" refers to the "four winds" mentioned in the will (North, East, South, and West), and that WINDy WINDkloppel (the name Sam Westing was born with), Sam WESTing, Barney NORTHrup, Sandy McSOUTHers, and Julian R. EASTman are all the same person. Julian R. Eastman was the fourth identity that the heirs were truly instructed to find. Turtle was the only one who recognized this and therefore she wins the game and becomes sole heir to Sam Westing.

Angela Wexler is the bomber, but when Turtle finds out she lies and says it was her who was responsible for the bombs, not Angela. Sydelle Pulaski overhears Turtle talking to Angela and also realizes her "sweet, saintly partner is the bomber." Turtle thinks Theo may have figured it out, and in the chapter Turtle's Trial, Josie-Jo Ford realizes, from Turtle's actions, that Angela is the bomber.

The [[bookie]] is Jake Wexler. Turtle says to him that she knows he is the bookie, Sandy McSouthers also finds this out, and he signs bookie as his occupation on the final receipt.

Sun Lin Hoo is the burglar and is responsible for the theft of the pearls, Mickey Mouse clock, J.J. Ford's father's watch, and a few other items. She gives them back in the chapter Turtle's Trial, but Turtle lets her keep the clock.

In Chapter 29, "Five Years Pass," each character resolves their own personal problems. Hoo's Little Foot Eze is booming with business, and Theo graduates from journalism school. Doug is an Olympic gold medalist, Denton Deere becomes a neurologist. Angela goes to medical school. She and Denton break up, but after she goes to college, they get back together, get married, and have a daughter named Alice (Flora Baumbach used to call Turtle Alice). Sydelle marries the president of Schultz Sausages. Chris is partially cured of his disease (he is able to speak clearly and has enhanced physical control, but is still and always would be confined to the wheelchair) and meets and marries fellow birdwatcher Shirley Staver (he also discovers a new species of bird: the something-christos bird), while Grace Wexler gets into the restaurant business running the Hoo's on First, Second, Third and Forth. Flora Baumbach moves in with Turtle and retires due to having won partial inheritance (as everyone except Turtle did since Turtle acquired the full inheritance). And finally, Turtle marries Theo and takes a high-ranking job with Westing Paper Products. Twenty years after The Westing Game, Sam Westing, as Julian R. Eastman, finally dies of old age for real, leaving everything to Turtle.

[[File:Puffin Modern Classic-The Westing Game.jpg|thumb|right|The Puffin Modern Classics version of the Westing Game, a common version]]

==See also==
*[http://www.education.wisc.edu/ccbc/authors/raskin/intro.htm ''The Westing Game'' manuscript online at UW Madison]

{{start box}}
{{s-ach|aw}}
{{succession box|title=[[Newbery Medal|Newbery Medal recipient]]|before=''[[Bridge to Terabithia (novel)|Bridge to Terabithia]]''|after=''[[A Gathering of Days: A New England Girl's Journal]]''|years=[[1979 in literature|1979]]}}
{{end box}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Westing Game, The}}
[[Category:1978 novels]]
[[Category:Newbery Medal winners (book)]]
[[Category:Children's novels]]
[[Category:Young adult novels]]

2009-08-10T16:25:15Z

Elegantelbow: /* Characters */

Rod Roddenberry

2009-08-08T16:56:09Z

Elegantelbow: /* Miscellaneous */

{{BLP unsourced|date=May 2009}}
[[Image:Replace this image male.svg|right]]
'''Eugene Wesley "Rod" Roddenberry Jr.''' (b. [[February 5]], [[1974]] in [[Los Angeles, California]]) is an [[United States|American]] [[television producer]] and the only son of ''[[Star Trek]]'' creator [[Gene Roddenberry]] and [[actress]] [[Majel Barrett]]. He is known for his work in [[science fiction]], [[astronomy]] and [[space exploration]].

== Filmography ==
* ''[[Trek Nation]]'' (2006) A documentary marking the 40th Anniversary of [[Star Trek]]. Includes various interviews with fans, actors, scientists, writers and producers, examining the positive influences that the series has had on people's lives.
* Wrote an episode of ''[[Earth: Final Conflict]]'' which was also produced through his [[production company]], [[Kirschner/Roddenberry Productions]].
* Worked as production assistant on ''[[Star Trek: The Next Generation]]''
* He attended the ''[[Star Trek: Deep Space Nine]]'' [[wrap party]] at the [[Mondrian Hotel]] in [[1999]]. He said he had "enjoyed the episodes and I think they're doing a very good job of portraying the Gene Roddenberry philosophy".<ref>[http://www.startrek.com/startrek/view/community/chat/archive/transcript/1345.html]</ref>
* Espouses his admiration for the dedication shown in Star Trek fan-created projects; consulted on, and helped promote, the Star Trek fan series ''[[Star Trek: New Voyages]]'' (2004).

== Miscellaneous ==
{{Trivia|date=May 2009}}
* Created the [[Darwin fish#Star Trek|Trek fish]]
* Board member on the [[X Prize]] project
* Participated in efforts with [[NASA]], [[JPL]], [[The Planetary Society]], and the [[Kennedy Space Center]] to promote the convergences of real advances in space exploration which had previously been limited to Science Fiction.
* Attended the [[John Thomas Dye School]] in [[Bel-Air]]<ref>[http://www.roddenberry.com/roddenberry.cfm]</ref> and [[Harvard-Westlake School]] in [[North Hollywood, CA]].<ref>[http://www.roddenberry.com/?action=site.eugene]</ref>
* Attended [[Hampshire College]] in the early 1990s.

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0734473/ Rod Roddenberry] at the [[The Internet Movie Database|Internet Movie Database]]
* http://www.roddenberry.com/
* [http://www.myspace.com/roddenberry The Official Roddenberry Productions Myspace] Maintained by the Roddenberry.Com Team.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Roddenberry, Rod}}
[[Category:1974 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:American television producers]]
[[Category:American television writers]]
[[Category:People from Los Angeles, California]]
[[Category:Writers from California]]

Uncle Buck

2009-08-07T01:26:06Z

Elegantelbow: /* Plot */

{{Infobox Film
| name = Uncle Buck
| image = Uncle buck.jpg
| caption = The movie poster for ''Uncle Buck''.
| director = [[John Hughes (director)|John Hughes]]
| producer = John Hughes [[Tom Jacobson]]
| writer = John Hughes
| starring = [[John Candy]] [[Jean Louisa Kelly]] [[Macaulay Culkin]]
| music = [[Ira Newborn]]
| distributor = [[Universal Pictures]]
| released = [[August 16]], [[1989]]
| runtime = 95 min.
| country = {{USA}}
| language = [[English language|English]]
| budget = [[United States dollar|$]]15,000,000 (estimated)
| amg_id = 1:51682
| imdb_id = 0098554
}}

'''''Uncle Buck''''' is a [[1989 in film|1989]] [[comedy-drama]] starring [[John Candy]], [[Amy Madigan]], [[Jean Louisa Kelly]] and [[Gaby Hoffmann]], and co-stars [[Macaulay Culkin]], [[Jay Underwood]] and [[Laurie Metcalf]]. The movie was written and directed by [[John Hughes (film director)|John Hughes]]. It received a [[MPAA film rating system|PG]] rating from the [[Motion Picture Association of America|MPAA]] and a 12 rating from the [[BBFC]].

==Plot==
Bob Russell (Garrett M. Brown), his wife Cindy (Elaine Bromka), and their three kids, 8-year old Miles ([[Macaulay Culkin]]), 6-year old Maizy ([[Gaby Hoffman]]) and 15-year-old Tia ([[Jean Kelly]]), recently moved from [[Indianapolis, Indiana|Indianapolis]] to [[Chicago]]. Tia resents her parents because she feels everyone was happy enough where they were already living.

Bob and Cindy are in bed one night when Cindy's aunt calls, telling them that Cindy's father has had a [[heart attack]]. Bob and Cindy immediately make plans to go to leave for Indianapolis. Upon being told the news, Tia angrily states that "If my whole family moved away from me, I'd have a heart attack too", and slams the door in her mother's face.

Despite trying everyone they know, the parents are unable to find a sitter for the kids. In spite of Cindy's objections, they are forced to settle on Bob's brother Buck: an unemployed [[slacker]] who lives in a rundown apartment, drives a barely-functional 1978 [[Mercury_Marquis#1973-78|Mercury Grand Marquis]], smokes cigars, spends his free time in bowling alleys, and makes his living by placing large bets and cheating on fixed horse races.

Cindy and Bob leave for Indianapolis, leaving 'Uncle Buck' in charge. The loutish but well-meaning and sensitive Buck does the best he can; Miles and Maizy quickly bond with and adore him, but he repeatedly butts heads with the rebellious Tia. He is also dealing with constant pressure of commitment from Chanice Kobolowski ([[Amy Madigan]]), his girlfriend for the past eight years.

Buck meets Tia's boyfriend, Bug ([[Jay Underwood]]), and instantly realizes that he is clearly only interested in sex with her. When Buck scares Bug away from her with a hatchet he claimed he wanted to show him (proclaiming to be so proficient with the weapon he's been known to "circumcise a gnat"), an infuriated Tia gets revenge by making Chanice think that Buck is flirting with the Russells' neighbor, Marcie Dahlgren-Frost ([[Laurie Metcalf]]). Chanice leaves Buck.

Tia escapes the overprotective Buck, sneaking out to a house party to see Bug. While there she realizes that Bug is only interested in her for sex, which he tries to pressure her into. Buck finds his way to the house and barges in on Bug by drilling through the doorknob, only to discover that not only has Tia already left (having turned Bug down), but Bug is already with another girl.

Buck starts driving back home, finding Tia wandering by herself on the streets. In the car, Tia admits that Buck was right about Bug all along: Buck stops the car in a quiet area and opens the trunk, revealing a tied up Bug. Buck requests that Bug apologizes to Tia with subtle threats of drilling his teeth out, and then lets him go (while still tied up). Bug then yells various obscenities and threatens to sue as he retreats, prompting Buck to remove his golf clubs and drive a ball into Bug's head. Bug continues screaming obscenities, in obvious pain, until Buck drops yet another ball, ready to swing, as Bug disappears into the night.

Buck has finally earned Tia's love and respect, so back home she admits to Chanice that she set Buck up to look like he was flirting with Marcie. Chanice reunites with Buck.

Later, Cindy and Bob return home as Cindy's father is recovering. Tia meets her mother as she enters the house. Cindy is expecting a loud tirade. Instead, she is surprised to receive a tearful embrace. Cindy promises that things will change, so Tia won't be so resentful of her parents any longer. Uncle Buck leaves with Chanice as the family waves goodbye.

==Cast==
*[[John Candy]] as Buck Russell
*[[Jean Louisa Kelly]] as Tia Russell
*[[Macaulay Culkin]] as Miles Russell
*[[Gaby Hoffmann]] as Maizy Russell
*[[Amy Madigan]] as Chanice Kobolowski
*[[Garrett M. Brown]] as Bob Russell
*[[Elaine Bromka]] as Cindy Russell
*[[Laurie Metcalf]] as Marcie Dahlgren-Frost
*[[Jay Underwood]] as Bug

==Production==
{{unreferencedsection|date=June 2009}}
[[John Hughes (film director)|John Hughes]] claims that the scene wherein [[Macaulay Culkin]] speaks with [[Amy Madigan]] through the mail slot in the front door was what gave him the idea for ''[[Home Alone]]''. The film was shot almost entirely on the campus of [[New Trier High School|New Trier West High School]] in [[Northfield, Illinois|Northfield]], [[Illinois]]. The house set was constructed in the gymnasium. The piano music at the beginning of the film is by [[Hugh Harris (musician)|Hugh Harris]], it is taken from his 1989 song "Rhythm Of Life"; the full song is played at the end of the film.

Towards the end of the film when Buck fires a golf ball at the fleeing Bug, the "club swing" shot was filmed on the grassy school bus turn-around of the New Trier West campus, but the Bug fleeing shot was filmed in the parking lot of a small grocery store in [[Glencoe, Illinois]], more than {{convert|3|mi|km}} away. For the scene in which Miles rapidly interrogates Buck about the fine details of his life, John Candy had the script pages stuck on his back so that Macaulay Culkin could maintain the scene's breakneck pace.

[[William Windom (actor)|William Windom]], [[Mike Starr (actor)|Mike Starr]] and [[Anna Chlumsky]] make minor appearances.

[[Danny Devito]] was considered for the role of Buck.

==Reception==
During its opening weekend in the [[United States]] and [[Canada]], ''Uncle Buck'' grossed $8.7 million in 1,804 theaters, ranking #1 at the box office.<ref name=mojoweek>{{cite web|title=Uncle Buck (1989) - Weekend Box Office Results |url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?page=weekend&id=unclebuck.htm |accessdate=2007-11-21 |publisher=[[Box Office Mojo]]}}</ref> It stayed the #1 film for a total of four weeks in a row.<ref name=mojoweek/>

The film grossed a total of $66.7 million in the United States and Canada, and $12.5 million in other territories for a worldwide gross of $79.2 million. In [[1989]] it was the 18th top grossing film in the United States and Canada, and the 20th top grossing film worldwide.<ref>{{cite web|title=Uncle Buck (1989) |url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=unclebuck.htm |accessdate=2007-11-21 |publisher=Box Office Mojo}}</ref>

As of November 2007, ''Uncle Buck'' is Macaulay Culkin's highest grossing film outside of the ''[[Home Alone]]'' series.<ref>{{cite web|title=Macaulay Culkin Movie Box Office Results |url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/people/chart/?view=Actor&id=macaulayculkin.htm |accessdate=2007-11-21 |publisher=Box Office Mojo}}</ref>

==TV series==
In [[1990]], a television series named ''Uncle Buck'' was broadcast on [[CBS]]. It starred [[Kevin Meaney]] as Buck, a slob who drinks and smokes. When his brother and sister-in-law die in a car accident, Buck is named as the guardian of Tia, Miles, and Maizy. The show was not received well by TV critics, but it did quite well on Monday nights. However when the show was moved to Friday, in an attempt by CBS to establish a comedy night there, the shows ratings quickly fell and it was cancelled.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
*{{imdb title|id=0098554|title=Uncle Buck}}
*[http://www.fast-rewind.com/unclebuck.htm Uncle Buck at the 80s Movie Gateway]
*{{Amg movie|51682|Uncle Buck}}
*{{rotten-tomatoes|id=uncle_buck|title=Uncle Buck}}
*{{mojo title|id=unclebuck|title=Uncle Buck}}
*{{imdb title|id=0098937|title=Uncle Buck (TV series)}}

{{Box Office Leaders USA
|before=[[Parenthood]]
|date= August 20
|date2= September 10
|year= 1989
|after=[[Sea of Love (film)|Sea of Love]]
}}

{{John Hughes Films}}

[[Category:1989 films]]
[[Category:1980s comedy films]]
[[Category:Comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:American comedy films]]
[[Category:CBS network shows]]
[[Category:Films directed by John Hughes]]
[[Category:1990s American television series]]
[[Category:1990 television series debuts]]
[[Category:1990 television series endings]]
[[Category:Television programs based on films]]
[[Category:English-language films]]
[[Category:Films set in Chicago, Illinois]]
[[Category:Culture of Indianapolis, Indiana]]
[[Category:Television series by NBC Universal Television]]

[[da:Onkel Buck]]
[[de:Allein mit Onkel Buck]]
[[fr:Uncle Buck]]
[[it:Io e zio Buck]]
[[nl:Uncle Buck]]
[[pl:Wujaszek Buck]]
[[fi:Hassu setä Buck]]

The Kingston Trio

2009-08-06T21:54:22Z

Elegantelbow:

{{Infobox musical artist
| Name = The Kingston Trio
| Img = Beatniks.jpg
| Img_capt = The Kingston Trio's original lineup: [[Dave Guard]], [[Bob Shane]] and [[Nick Reynolds]]
| Img_size =
| Background = group_or_band
| Alias =
| Origin = [[Palo Alto, California|Palo Alto]], [[California]]
| Genre = [[Folk music|Folk]]
| Musical_style = [[Folk music|Folk]]
| Years_active = 1957 – 1967 (original lineup; continues to the present with different members)
| Label = [[Capitol Records|Capitol]], [[Decca Records|Decca]]
| Associated_acts = [[Whiskeyhill Singers]] The New Kingston Trio
| URL = [http://www.kingstontrio.com/ www.kingstontrio.com]
| Current_members = George Grove Bill Zorn Rick Dougherty
| Past_members = [[Dave Guard]] [[Bob Shane]] [[Nick Reynolds]] [[John Stewart (musician)|John Stewart]] Roger Gambill Bob Haworth
| Notable_instruments = [[C.F. Martin & Company|Martin Guitars]] Martin D28 6 string guitar Martin 0021 6 string guitar Martin 018T 4 string tenor guitar [[Vega Company|Vega Banjos]] Pete Seeger model long-neck 5 string banjo Vega plectrum 4 string banjo 

}}

'''The Kingston Trio''' is an [[United States|American]] [[folk music|folk]] and [[pop music]] group that helped launch the [[American folk music revival|folk revival]] of the late 1950s to late 1960s. From its origin as a San Francisco [[Bay Area]] nightclub act through its rise to international popularity fueled by their unprecedented sales of [[LP album|33 1/3 rpm long-playing record albums]], The Kingston Trio helped to alter the direction of popular music in the U.S.<ref name="AMG">Bruce Eder, "The Kingston Trio" Biography from http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:aifexqq5ld6e~T1</ref>

The Kingston Trio was one of the most prominent folk music groups of the era's relatively short-lived pop-folk boom that their success helped to create. Beginning with their first album released in 1958 (which included the hit recording of "[[Tom Dooley (song)|Tom Dooley]]" that sold over three million copies as a single),<ref>Rubeck, Shaw, Blake et al., ''The Kingston Trio On Record'' (Naperville IL: KK Inc, 1986), p. 11 ISBN 978-0961459406</ref> the Trio released nineteen albums that made ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'s'' Top 100, fourteen of which ranked in the top 10, and five of which hit the number 1 spot.<ref>''The Kingston Trio On Record'' , p. 12.</ref> Four albums charted during the same week among the [[Top 40|Top 10]] selling albums in December 1959,<ref>Matt Fink, "Review of ''Here We Go Again,''" AllMusic Guide from "http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=10:kpfwxqwgld6e</ref> a record unmatched for nearly 50 years<ref name = "Dreier">Peter Dreier, "The Kingston Trio and the Red Scare|http://www.huffingtonpost.com/peter-dreier/the-kingston-trio-and-the_b_134683.html</ref>, and the group still ranks after half a century in the all time top ten of many of ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'s'' charts, including those for most weeks with a #1 album (46 weeks for a #6 ranking)<ref>Joel Whitburn, ''Joel Whitburn Presents the Billboard Albums'', 6th edition, ISBN 0-89820-166-7 from http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Billboard_200</ref>, most total weeks charting an album (1262 weeks for a #10 ranking)<ref name="Whitburn2">Joel Whitburn, ''Joel Whitburn Presents the Billboard Albums'', 6th edition, ISBN 0-89820-166-7, from http://www.beatlelinks.net/forums/showthread.php?t=3008</ref>, most #1 albums (5 for a #10 ranking),<ref name="Whitburn2" />most consecutive #1 albums (4 for a #7 ranking)<ref name="Whitburn2" />, and most top ten albums (14 for a #9 ranking).<ref name="Whitburn2" />

As significantly, the "phenomenal popularity"<ref>Richie Unterberger, Liner Notes For ''The Modern Folk Quartet'' retrieved from http://www.richieunterberger.com/modernfolk1.html 7/18/09</ref> and massive record sales of the Kingston Trio in its early days made acoustic folk music commercially viable, paving the way for singer-songwriter, [[folk rock]], and [[Americana (music)|Americana]] artists who followed in their wake.<ref name="AMG" />

== Formation of the Trio ==
The Kingston Trio was organized in spring 1957 in the [[Palo Alto, California|Palo Alto]], [[California]], area by [[Dave Guard]] (b. Donald David Guard, October 19, 1934 - d. March 22, 1991), [[Bob Shane]] (b. Robert Castle Schoen, February 1, 1934), and [[Nick Reynolds]] (b. Nicholas Wells Reynolds, July 27, 1933 - d. October 1, 2008).

Guard and Shane had been friends since junior high school at the [[Punahou School]] in Honolulu, Hawaii where both had learned to play [[ukulele]] in required music classes and had developed an interest in and admiration for native Hawaiian [[slack key]] guitarists like [[Gabby Pahinui]].<ref>T''he Kingston Trio On Record'', p. 54</ref> While in Punahou's secondary school, Shane taught first himself and then Guard the rudiments of the six string guitar<ref name = "Wilson">Elizabeth Wilson, "The Dave Guard Interview," ''Popular Folk Music Today'' (Spring, 1991) retrieved from http://www.kingstontrioplace.com/dgs91p21.htm 7/16/09</ref> and the two began performing at parties and in school shows doing an eclectic mix of Tahitian, Hawaiian, and calypso songs.

After graduating from high school in 1952, Guard enrolled at [[Stanford University]] in [[Palo Alto, California]] while Shane matriculated at nearby [[Menlo College]]. At Menlo, Shane became friends with Reynolds, a native San Diegan with an extensive knowledge of folk and calypso songs (in part from his guitar-playing father, a U.S. Navy career officer),<ref>''Kingston Trio On Record'', p. 101</ref> a refined ability to sing tenor harmonies derived from family singalongs,<ref>Randy Lewis, Nick Reynolds obituary, LA Times (10/2/09) http://www.latimes.com/news/obituaries/la-me-reynolds3-2008oct03,0,6426162.story</ref> and ability to play both guitar and bongo and conga drums. Shane and Reynolds performed at frat parties and luaus for a time, and eventually Shane introduced Reynolds to Guard. The three began performing at campus and neighborhood hangouts, sometimes as a trio but with an aggregation of friends that could swell their ranks to as many as six or seven, according to Reynolds,<ref>''Kingston Trio On Record'', p. 97</ref> usually under the name of "Dave Guard and the Calypsonians." Without serious aspirations to enter professional show business at the time, however, Shane returned to Hawaii following his graduation in late 1956 to work in the family sporting goods business.

Still in the [[Bay Area]], Guard and Reynolds had organized themselves somewhat more formally into an entity named "The Kingston Quartet" with friends bassist [[Joe Gannon]] and vocalist Barbara Bogue, though as before they were often joined in their performances by other friends. At one engagement at [[Redwood City]]'s Cracked Pot beer garden, they met a young San Francisco publicist named Frank Werber, who had heard of them from a local entertainment reporter. Werber liked the group's raw energy but did not consider them refined enough to want to represent them as an agent or manager at that point, though he left his telephone number with Guard.<ref>''Kingston Trio On Record'', p.17</ref> Some weeks later (and following a brief period in which Reynolds was temporarily replaced in the quartet by Don MacArthur), Guard and Reynolds invited Werber to a performance of the group at the Italian Village Restaurant in San Francisco, where Werber was so impressed by the group's progress that he agreed to manage them providing they replace Gannon, in whose professional potential Werber had no faith.<ref>Bill Bush, "The Kingston Trio: Breakthrough Boys of the '60s Folk Boom" ''Frets Magazine''(June 1984), p. 25</ref> Bogue left with Gannon, and Guard, Reynolds, and Werber were unanimous that they should invite Shane to rejoin the now more formally organized band.<ref>''Kingston Trio On Record'', p.17</ref> Shane, who had been performing as a solo act at night in Honolulu, readily assented and returned to the mainland in late February of 1957.

The four drew up a contract as equal partners in Werber's office in San Francisco, deciding both on the name "Kingston Trio" because it evoked through its association with [[Kingston, Jamaica]] the calypso music popular at the time and the uniform of three-quarter-length sleeved vertically striped shirts that the group hoped would help their target audience of college students to identify with them.<ref>''Kingston Trio On Record'', p.19</ref>

== Era of peak success, 1957-1961 ==
Werber imposed a stern training regimen on Guard, Shane, and Reynolds, rehearsing them for six to eight hours a day for several months, sending them to prominent San Francisco vocal coach Judy Davis to help them learn to preserve their voices, and working on the group's carefully prepared but apparently spontaneous banter between songs. At the same time, the group was developing a varied and eclectic repertoire of calypso, folk, and foreign language songs, suggested by all three of the musicians though usually arranged by Guard<ref>''Kingston Trio On Record'', p.54</ref> with some harmonies created by Reynolds.<ref>''Kingston Trio On Record'', p.99</ref>

The first major professional break for the Kingston Trio came in late June of 1957 when comedienne [[Phyllis Diller]] canceled a week long engagement at a small San Francisco club called The Purple Onion. When Werber convinced the club's owner to give the untested Trio a chance, Guard sent out five hundred postcards to everyone that the three musicians knew in the Bay Area<ref>Bush,''Frets Magazine'' (June 1984), p. 26 retrieved from http://www.kingstontrioplace.com/fretjnp3.jpg 7/16/09</ref> and Werber plastered the city with handbills announcing the engagement.<ref>''Kingston Trio On Record'', p.19</ref> When the crowds did in fact come, the Trio had been well-prepared by months of work, and they achieved such local popularity that the initial week's engagement stretched to six months.<ref>Bill Bush,''Frets Magazine''(March 1984), p. 26</ref> Werber built upon this initial success, booking a national club tour in early 1958 for the Trio that included engagements at such prominent night spots as [[Mr. Kelly's]] in Chicago, the [[Village Vanguard]] in New York, Storyville in Boston, and finally a return to San Francisco and its showcase nightclub the [[Hungry i]] in June of that year.

At the same time, Werber was attempting to leverage the Trio's popularity as a club act into a recording contract. Both [[Dot Records]] and [[Liberty Records]] expressed some interest, but each proposed to record the Trio on 45rpm singles only, whereas Werber and the Trio members both felt that 33 1/3rpm albums had more potential for the kind of music that the group was doing.<ref>''Kingston Trio On Record'', p. 25</ref> Through Jimmy Saphier, agent for [[Bob Hope]] who had seen and liked the group at The Purple Onion, Werber contacted [[Capitol Records]], who dispatched one of their top producers [[Voyle Gilmore]] to San Francisco to evaluate the Trio's commercial potential.<ref>Bush,''Frets Magazine'' (June 1984), p. 26</ref> On Gilmore's strong recommendation, Capitol signed the Kingston Trio to an exclusive seven year deal.<ref>Bush,''Frets Magazine''(June 1984), p. 26</ref>

The group's first album, Capitol T996 ''[[The Kingston Trio (album)|The Kingston Trio]]'', was recorded over a three day period in February 1958 and released in June the same year just as the Trio was beginning its engagement at the Hungry i. Gilmore had made two important supervisory decisions as producer -- first, to add the same kind of "bottom" to the Trio's sound that he had heard in live performance and consequently recruiting Purple Onion house bassist Buzz Wheeler to play on the album, and second to record the group's songs without the secondary orchestral accompaniment that was nearly universal (even for folk-styled records) at the time.<ref>''Kingston Trio On Record'', p.25</ref> The song selections on the first album reflected the repertoire that the musicians had been working on for two years - re-imagined traditional songs inspired by [[The Weavers]] like "Santy Anno" and "Bay of Mexico," calypso-flavored tunes reminiscent of the hugely popular [[Harry Belafonte]] recordings of the time such as "Banua" and "[[The John B. Sails|Sloop John B]]," and a mix of both foreign language and contemporary songwriter numbers, including [[Terry Gilkyson]]'s "Fast Freight" and "Scotch and Soda," whose authorship remains uncertain to this day.<ref>Dave Guard's name is on the copyright, but the complex story of the song's origin is related here[http://www.lazyka.com/linernotes/thesongs/ScotchAndSoda.htm].</ref>

The album sold moderately well (including on-site sales at the Hungry i during the Kingston Trio's engagement there through the summer), but it was DJ Paul Colburn at station KLUB in Salt Lake City whose enthusiasm for a single cut on the record spurred the next development in the group's history. Colburn began playing "[[Tom Dooley (song)|Tom Dooley]]" extensively on his show, prompting a rush of album sales in the Salt Lake area by fans who wanted to listen to the song, as yet unavailable as a single record.<ref>''Kingston Trio On Record'', p.27</ref> Colburn called other DJs around the country urging them to do the same, and national response to the song was so strong that a reluctant Capitol Records finally released the tune as a 45rpm single on August 8, 1958; it reached the #1 spot on the ''[[Billboard]]'' chart by late November, sold a million copies by Christmas, and was awarded a [[gold record]] on January 21, 1959.<ref>[http://www.lazyka.com/linernotes/TimeLine/TimeLinePg01.htm The Kingston Trio Timeline.]</ref> "Tom Dooley" also spurred the debut album to a #1 position on the charts ( the first album by a group to do so)<ref>"U.S. Pop Charts Record Facts," ClassicBands.com from http://www.classicbands.com/chartfacts.html)</ref>and a gold record, and that album remained charted on Billboard's weekly reports for 195 weeks.<ref>John Kovach, "An Introduction To Rock And Its History http://www.wwnorton.com/college/music/rockhistory/outlines/ch03.htm</ref>

{{Listen|filename=KingstonTrioTomDooley.ogg|title="Tom Dooley" (1958)|description=The Original Kingston Trio's Biggest Hit|format=[[Ogg]]}}

The success of the album and the single earned the Kingston Trio a [[Grammy award]] for [[Grammy Award for Best Country & Western Recording|Best Country & Western Performance]] at the awards' inaugural ceremony in 1959. At the time, no "folk" category existed in the Grammy's scheme. The next year, largely as a result of ''[[The Kingston Trio (album)|The Kingston Trio]]'' and "Tom Dooley, the RIAA instituted a "folk" category and the Trio won the first [[Grammy Award for Best Ethnic or Traditional Folk Recording]] for its second studio album album ''[[At Large]].''

This was the beginning of a remarkable three year run for the Trio in which their first five studio albums achieved #1 chart status and gold records and by 1961 had earned more than $25 million for Capitol,<ref>''Show Business Magazine''(September 5, 1961) "Tenderfoot Tenor For The Kingston Trio" retrieved from http://www.kingstontrioplace.com/glsbi961.htm</ref> roughly $175 million in 2009 dollars<ref>calculated @ 1960$1 = 2009$7.14 per http://www.dollartimes.com/calculators/inflation.htm</ref> and accounting for 15% of Capitol's total sales,<ref>''Show Business Magazine''(September 5, 1961) "Tenderfoot Tenor For The Kingston Trio" retrieved from http://www.kingstontrioplace.com/glsbi961.htm</ref> remarkable in an era when that company was also recording [[Frank Sinatra]] and [[Nat "King" Cole]] at the peaks of their careers. The Trio also charted several single records during this time, made numerous television appearances, and played upwards of 200 engagements per year.

== Change and a second phase, 1961-1967 ==
[[Image:Sunnyside.jpg|thumb|left|The Kingston Trio's second troupe after Guard's departure: [[John Stewart]], [[Nick Reynolds]], [[Bob Shane]]]]

By early 1961 and despite the Kingston Trio's nearly unprecedented success in record sales, a rift developed and deepened between Guard on one side and Shane and Reynolds on the other. Guard had been referred to in the press and on the albums' liner notes as the "acknowledged leader" of the group,<ref name = "Wilson"/> a description never wholly endorsed by Shane and Reynolds, who felt themselves equal contributors to the group's repertoire and success. Guard wanted Shane and Reynolds to follow his lead and learn more of the technical aspects of music and to redirect the group's song selections,<ref>Bush,''Frets Magazine''(March 1984), p. 26</ref> in part because of the withering criticism that the group had been getting from more traditional folk performers for the Trio's smoother and more commercial versions of folk songs and for the money-making copyrights that the Kingston group had secured for their arrangements of [[public domain]] songs.<ref name="AMG" /> Shane and Reynolds felt that the formula for song selection and performance that they had painstakingly developed and rehearsed endlessly still served them well.<ref>Bush,''Frets Magazine''(March 1984), p. 26</ref>

Furthermore, over $100,000 appeared to be missing from the Trio's publishing royalties (an accounting error eventually rectified)<ref>Bush,''Frets Magazine''(March 1984), p. 26</ref> and that created an additional irritant to both sides - to Guard because he regarded it as inexcusable carelessness and to Shane and Reynolds because it highlighted Guard's propensity to claim individual copyright for some of the group's songs,<ref>http://www.lazyka.com/linernotes/thesongs/ScotchAndSoda.htm</ref> including "[[Tom Dooley (song)|Tom Dooley]]" (though Guard eventually lost a suit over copyright for that number to [[Alan Lomax]], Frank Warner, and [[Frank Proffitt]])<ref>Peter Irvine, "Folk Music, Copyright, and the Public Domain" p. 4 retrieved from http://www.peterirvinelaw.com/pdf/Folk_Music_Copyright_PD.pdf 7/27/09</ref> and "[[Scotch and Soda]]."<ref>http://www.lazyka.com/linernotes/thesongs/ScotchAndSoda.htm</ref>

The situation became intolerable for all concerned, and Dave Guard resigned from the Kingston Trio in April of 1961, though pledging to fulfill group commitments through November of that year. Shane, Reynolds, and Werber bought out Guard's interest in the partnership for $300,000<ref name = "Harris">Roy Harris, "The Kingston Trio's Weird Reunion", ''The Wall Street Journal''(March 12, 1982) retrieved from http://www.kingstontrioplace.com/wsj.htm 7/16/09</ref> to be paid over a number of years and moved to replace him immediately. The remaining Trio partners settled quickly on [[John Stewart]], a 21-year-old member of the Cumberland Three, one of the myriad groups that sprang up in imitation of the Kingston Trio's success. Stewart was already well-acquainted with Reynolds and Shane, having sold two of his early songwriting efforts to the Trio, and he was a proficient guitarist, banjoist, and singer who seemed to the partners to be perfectly positioned to replace Guard.<ref>''Kingston Trio On Record'', p.27</ref> Stewart began rehearsing and recording with the group nearly immediately, commencing public appearances with the Trio in September of 1961.

The transition from Guard to Stewart appeared nearly seamless as six of the group's next seven albums between 1961 and 1963 continued to place in ''Billboard's'' Top Ten (see [[ The Kingston Trio discography]]) and several of the group's most successful singles including "[[Where Have All the Flowers Gone?]]" and "Greenback Dollar" charted as well.

{{Listen|filename=KingstonTrioGreenbackDollar.ogg|title="Greenback Dollar" (1962)|description=The second troupe of the Kingston Trio with [[John Stewart]]: Harder-edged vocals|format=[[Ogg]]}}

Beginning in 1964, however, the Kingston Trio's dominance in record sales and popularity began to wane, due partly to the number and popularity of the aforementioned imitators in the pop-folk world but also to the rise of other major commercial folk groups like [[Peter, Paul and Mary]] whose music had a decidedly more political bent than the Trio's did. In addition, the [[British Invasion]] spearheaded by [[The Beatles]], who were signed by Capitol just as the Trio's seven year contract was running out, depressed sales of acoustic folk albums significantly, and Capitol did not make a serious effort to re-sign the group. Werber secured a generous signing bonus from [[Decca Records]], and the last four albums of the Kingston Trio's first decade were released by that label. Without the production facilities of Capitol, however, and the expertise of Voyle Gilmore and engineer Pete Abbott, the Decca releases lacked the aural brilliance of the Capitol albums,<ref>''Kingston Trio On Record'', p.101</ref> and none of the four sold especially well.

By 1966, Reynolds had grown weary of the touring and Stewart wanted to strike out on his own as a singer-songwriter, so with Werber and Shane the Trio developed an exit strategy of playing as many dates as possible for a year with an endpoint determined to be a final two week engagement at the Hungry i in June 1967.<ref>''Kingston Trio On Record'', pp.103-104</ref> The group followed this strategy successfully, and on June 17, 1967, the Kingston Trio ceased to be an actively performing band.

== Hiatus and the New Kingston Trio ==
Following the Hungry i engagement, Reynolds moved to [[Port Orford, Oregon]] and pursued interests in ranching, business, and race cars for the next twenty years.<ref>Bush, ''Frets Magazine'', July 1984 from http://www.kingstontrioplace.com/fretjlp6.jpg</ref> Stewart commenced a long and distinguished career as a singer-songwriter, composing hit songs like "[[Daydream Believer]]" for [[The Monkees]] and "Runaway Train" for [[Roseanne Cash]] as well as recording more than 40 albums of his own (most notably the landmark ''[[California Bloodlines]]'') and flirting with chart success with both several singles and albums as well.<ref>Bush, ''Frets Magazine'', July 1984 from http://www.kingstontrioplace.com/fretjlp6.jpg</ref>

Bob Shane decided to stay in entertainment, and he experimented both with solo work (he recorded several singles, including a well-received but under-marketed version of the song "Honey" that later became a million-seller for [[Bobby Goldsboro]])<ref>''Kingston Trio On Record'', pp. 117-118</ref> and with different configurations with other folk-oriented performers. Though finances were not an immediate concern (the Kingston Trio partners Werber, Shane and Reynolds still owned an office building, a restaurant, other commercial real estate, and a variety of other lucrative investments), Shane wanted to return to a group environment and in 1969 secured permission from his partners to use the mutually-owned group name for another band, with Reynolds and Werber insisting only that Shane's group be musically as accomplished as its predecessors and that Shane append "new" to the band's title.<ref>''Kingston Trio On Record'', p.119</ref>

Shane agreed and organized two troupes under the name of "The New Kingston Trio." The first consisted of guitarist Pat Horine and banjoist Jim Connor in addition to Shane and lasted from 1969 to 1973, the second including guitarist Roger Gambill and banjoist Bill Zorn from 1973 until 1976. Shane tried to create a repertoire for these groups that included both the older and expected Kingston Trio standards like "[[Tom Dooley]]" and "[[M.T.A.]]" but that would also feature more contemporary songs as well, including country and novelty tunes. The attempt did not meet with any significant success. The only full-length album released by either group was ''[[The World Needs a Melody]]'' in 1973 (though 25 years later FolkEra Records issued ''[[The Lost Masters 1969-1972]]'', a compilation of previously unreleased tracks from the Shane-Horine-Connor years), and its sales were negligible. Though both troupes of the New Kingston Trio made a limited number of other recordings and several television appearances, neither generated very much interest from fans or the public at large.

== The Kingston Trio's third phase, 1976-2009 ==
[[Image:Reunion1.jpg|thumb|right|The 1981 Reunion Concert: Nick Reynolds, Bob Shane, Dave Guard]]

In 1976, Bill Zorn left the New Kingston Trio to work as a solo performer and record producer in London.<ref>''Kingston Trio On Record'', p.132</ref> Shane and Gambill replaced him with George Grove, a professionally-trained singer and instrumentalist from North Carolina who had been working in Nashville as a studio musician.<ref>''Kingston Trio On Record'', p.133</ref>

The same year, Shane secured from Werber and Reynolds the unencumbered rights to use the band's original name of the Kingston Trio without the appended "new" in exchange for relinquishing his interest in the still-profitable corporation, whose holdings included copyrights and licensing rights to many of the original Trio's songs.<ref>''Kingston Trio On Record'', p.132</ref> Since 1976, the various troupes headed and owned by Shane have performed and recorded simply as the Kingston Trio.

The Shane-Gambill-Grove Kingston Trio existed from 1976 through 1985, when Gambill died unexpectedly from a heart ailment at the age of 45. The nine years of this configuration was to that point the longest period of time that any three musicians had worked together as the Kingston Trio, and the group released two albums of largely original material.

It was during this period as well that [[PBS]] producers JoAnne Young and Paul Surratt approached Shane and the other principals of the original group with the idea of arranging a reunion concert that would be taped and used as a fundraiser for the network. Agreement was reached, and on November 7, 1981 Dave Guard, Nick Reynolds, and John Stewart joined the Shane-Gambill-Grove Trio and guest performers [[Mary Travers]] of [[Peter, Paul and Mary]], [[Tom Smothers]] of the [[Smothers Brothers]], and [[Lindsey Buckingham]] of [[Fleetwood Mac]] at the [[Six Flags Magic Mountain|Magic Mountain]] amusement park north of Los Angeles for a show billed as "The Kingston Trio And Friends Reunion."<ref>''Kingston Trio On Record'', p.153</ref> The different configurations of the Trio took turns performing sets of the group's best-known songs with all the artists joining onstage for a finale.

More than twenty years had passed since Dave Guard had left the group, but residual tension surfaced between Guard and Shane in an article in the [[Wall Street Journal]] that appeared in March 1982 following the national broadcast of the taped show.<ref name = "Harris"/> Guard implicitly disparaged Shane's current group, and Shane asserted a distaste for performing again with Guard,<ref name = "Harris"/> who had spent the intervening decades living and performing in Australia, touring sporadically as a soloist, and writing about and teaching music. Despite the unpleasantness, Shane and Guard reconciled to a large degree (even to the point of planning a possible reunion tour)<ref>Fred Bronson, ''The Billboard Book of Number 1 Hits'' (2003) Billboard Books ISBN 9780823076772, p. 45 retrieved from http://books.google.com/books?id=PgGqNrqfrsoC&pg=PT991&dq=the+billboard+book+of+%231+hits</ref> prior to Guard's death at age 56 from lymphoma nine years later in March 1991.

[[Image:Ktweb.jpg|left|thumb|The Kingston Trio in 2003: George Grove, Bob Shane, Bobby Haworth (bassist Paul Gabrielson).]]

Following the 1985 death of Roger Gambill, Kingston Trio personnel changed several times, though Shane and Grove remained constants. Bob Haworth, a veteran folk performer who had worked as a member of [[The Brothers Four]] for many years initially replaced Gambill from 1985 through 1988 and again from 1999 through 2005. In 1988, original member Nick Reynolds rejoined the band until his final retirement in 1999. When heart disease forced Bob Shane's retirement from touring in March 2004, he was replaced by former New Kingston Trio member Bill Zorn. A year later, following Haworth's departure, Grove and Zorn were joined by Rick Dougherty, who had performed for a time with Zorn as second-generation members of another popular folk group from the 1960s, [[The Limeliters]].

Both the Grove-Zorn-Haworth and Grove-Zorn-Dougherty troupes of the Kingston Trio have released original CDs and DVDs, and the latter configuration continues to tour extensively under the direction of the only surviving original member Bob Shane, now sole owner of the band. [[Capitol Records]], [[Decca Records]], Collector's Choice Records, and Folk Era Records have released and continue to release compilations of older albums as well as previously-unreleased tapes of both studio and live recordings from the Kingston Trio's first ten years.

==Music and controversy ==
Almost from its inception, the Kingston Trio found itself at odds with the traditional music community. [[Frank Proffitt]], the Appalachian musician whose version of "Tom Dooley" the Trio re-arranged, wrote of their performance of the song on a television show: <blockquote>
“They clowned and hipswung. Then they came out with ‘This time tomorrow, reckon where I’ll be/If it hadn’t a’ been for Grayson/I’d a been in Tennessee.’ I began to feel sorty sick. Like I’d lost a loved one. Tears came to my eyes. I went out and bawled on the ridge.”<ref>Billy Faier, Review of ''The Essential Kingston Trio'' Sept/Oct 2006 from http://archives.nodepression.com/2006/09/kingston-trio-the-essential/</ref></blockquote>
As recently as 2006, folk traditionalist and influential banjo master Billy Faier remarked "I hear and see very little respect for the folk genre" in their music and described the Trio's repertoire as "a mishmash of twisted arrangements that not only obscure the true beauty of the folk songs from which they derive, but give them a meaning they never had."<ref>Faier, "Review" from http://archives.nodepression.com/2006/09/kingston-trio-the-essential/</ref>

In addition, the urban folk musicians of the time frequently associated folk music with leftist politics and were contemptuous of the Trio's deliberate political neutrality.<ref name = "Dreier" /> Peter Dreier of Occidental College observed that "Purists often derided the Kingston Trio for watering down folk songs in order to make them commercially popular and for remaining on the political sidelines during the protest movements of the 1960s."<ref name="Dreier"/> A series of scathing articles appeared over several years in ''[[Sing Out!]]'' magazine, a publication that combined articles on traditional folk music with political activism.<ref>Mikiko Tachi, "Commercialism, Counterculture, and the Folk Music Revival: A Study of ''Sing Out!'' Magazine, 1950–1967" in ''The Japanese Journal of American Studies'', No. 15 (2004) p. 191-92 http://wwwsoc.nii.ac.jp/jaas/periodicals/JJAS/PDF/2004/No.15-187.pdf</ref> Its editor [[Irwin Silber]] referred to "the sallow slickness of the Kingston Trio"<ref>Ronald D. Cohen, ''A History of Folk Festivals in the United States'' Scarecrow Press, ISBN 978-0-8108-6202-9 p. 102 retrieved from http://books.google.com/books?id=65R0tN7cgs0C&pg=PA102&lpg=PA102&dq=kingston+trio+cashbox+magazine&source=bl&ots=oA5IZq_apB&sig=kte0moUAa1aNtU0p3_vMLyxtymk&hl=en&ei=171iSv-KN5L-sgP7v73xAQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8 7/20/09</ref> and in an article in the spring 1959 issue Ron Radosh said that the Trio brought "“good folk music to the level of the worst in [[Tin Pan Alley]] music" and referred to them as "prostitutes of the art who gain their status as folk artists because they use guitars and banjos."<ref>Quoted by Mikiko Tachi, "Commercialism, Counterculture, and the Folk Music Revival: A Study of ''Sing Out!'' Magazine, 1950–1967" in ''The Japanese Journal of American Studies'', No. 15 (2004) p. 194 http://wwwsoc.nii.ac.jp/jaas/periodicals/JJAS/PDF/2004/No.15-187.pdf</ref> Following the Trio's performance at the premier [[Newport Folk Festival]] in 1959 folk music critic Mark Morris wrote "What connection these frenetically tinselly showmen have with a folk festival eludes me...except that it is mainly folk songs that they choose to vulgarize."<ref>Ronald D. Cohen, ''A History Of Folk Festivals In The United States'' Scarecrow Press, 2008 ISBN 978-0-8108-6202-9 p. 49 retrieved from http://books.google.com/books?id=65R0tN7cgs0C&pg=PA102&lpg=PA102&dq=kingston+trio+cashbox+magazine&source=bl&ots=oA5IZq_apB&sig=kte0moUAa1aNtU0p3_vMLyxtymk&hl=en&ei=171iSv-KN5L-sgP7v73xAQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8 7/20/09</ref>

However, Trio members never claimed to be folksingers and were never comfortable with the label. The liner notes for the group's first album featured a quotation from Dave Guard asserting that "We are not folksingers in the accepted sense of the word."<ref>Liner notes from ''[[The Kingston Trio (album)|The Kingston Trio]]'', Capitol Records T996 (June 1, 1958)</ref> Guard later told journalist Richard Hadlock in ''Downbeat Magazine'' "We are not students of folk music; the basic thing for us is honest and worthwhile songs, that people can pick up and become involved in."<ref>Richard Hadlock, "The Kingston Trio Story" ''Downbeat Magazine'' (June 11, 1959) retrieved from "Reading Library" http://www.lazyka.com/linernotes/index2.htmll 7/17/09</ref> Bob Shane remarked years later that "To call the Kingston Trio folksingers was kind of stupid in the first place. We never called ourselves folksingers...We did folk-oriented material, but we did it amid all kinds of other stuff. But they didn't know what to call us with our instruments, so Capitol Records called us folksingers and gave us credit for starting this whole boom."<ref>Jim Washburn and Richard Johnston, ''Martin Guitars'' Rodale Press, 1997 ISBN 0-87596-797-3 p. 170</ref>

Over the years, the Kingston Trio expanded its song selection beyond the re-arranged traditional numbers, calypso songs, and Broadway show tunes that had appeared on its first several albums. In an obituary for Nick Reynolds (d. October 1, 2008), Spencer Leigh wrote in Britain's ''Sunday Independent'':

<blockquote>
Looking at their repertoire now, it is apparent that the Kingston Trio was far more adventurous than is generally supposed. They introduced "It Was A Very Good Year" in 1961, later a standard for Frank Sinatra, and they were one of the first to spot the potential of English language versions of Jacques Brel's songs by recording "Seasons in the Sun" in 1963. They encouraged young songwriters including Hoyt Axton ("Greenback Dollar"), Rod McKuen ("Ally Ally Oxen Free", "The World I Used to Know") and Billy Edd Wheeler ("Reverend Mr Black"). Best of all, in 1962 they introduced listeners to one of the most poignant songs ever written, the anti-war ballad "Where Have All The Flowers Gone?" by Pete Seeger, formerly with the Weavers.<ref>Spencer Leigh, "Nick Reynolds: Musician Whose Work Paved The Way For Bob Dylan" ''The Independent'' Sunday, 10/4/08 from http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nick-reynolds-musician-whose-work-with-the-kingston-trio-paved-the-way-for-bob-dylan-950820.html</ref>
</blockquote>

Further, Peter Dreier points out that "the group deserves credit for helping to launch the folk boom that brought recognition to older folkies and radicals like Woody Guthrie and Pete Seeger, and for paving the way for newcomers like Joan Baez, Bob Dylan and Phil Ochs, who were well-known for their progressive political views and topical songs. By the time these younger folk singers arrived on the scene, the political climate had changed enough to provide a wide audience for protest music."<ref name="Dreier" /> The passage of time may well have made the controversy moot. Writing in ''The Guardian'', again in an obituary for Reynolds, Ken Hunt asserted that "The Kingston Trio helped to turn untold numbers of people on to folk music...they put the boom in folk boom. The Kingston Trio carried the torch overseas, most notably with their international hit of 1958, Tom Dooley. They were the greatest of the bands to emerge after the McCarthy-era blacklisting of folk musicians and breathed new air into the genre."<ref>Ken Hunt, "Nick Reynolds: Founding member and guitarist for the Kingston Trio" ''The Guardian'' 10/6/08 from http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2008/oct/06/folk.usa</ref>

== Influence ==

The Kingston Trio's influence on the development of American popular music has been considerable. According to music critic Bruce Eder writing for the internet AllMusic Guide:

<blockquote>
In the history of popular music, there are a relative handful of performers who have redefined the content of the music at critical points in history -- people whose music left the landscape, and definition of popular music, altered completely. The Kingston Trio were one such group, transforming folk music into a hot commodity and creating a demand -- where none had existed before -- for young men (sometimes with women) strumming acoustic guitars and banjos and singing folk songs and folk-like novelty songs in harmony. On a purely commercial level, from 1957 until 1963, the Kingston Trio were the most vital and popular folk group in the world, and folk music was sufficiently popular as to make that a significant statement.<ref name="AMG" />
</blockquote>

Discussing his earliest musical influences in a 2001 [[Rolling Stone Magazine]] interview, [[Bob Dylan]] remembered:

<blockquote>
There were other folk-music records, commercial folk-music records, like those by the Kingston Trio. I never really was an elitist. Personally, I liked the Kingston Trio. I could see the picture.<ref>Mikal Gilmore, "The ''Rolling Stone'' Interview: Bob Dylan (2001)" p. 7 11/22/01 from http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/5938584/the_rolling_stone_interview_bob_dylan_2001/7</ref>
</blockquote>

Other artists including [[Lindsey Buckingham]] of [[Fleetwood Mac]],<ref>Jan Freedland and John Fitzgerald, "Lindsey Buckingham Bio" from http://www.fmlegacy.com/Bios/biolindsey.html</ref> [[Timothy B. Schmit]]<ref>Robert Pierce, "Eagle Timothy B. Schmit treats locals as guests to Tulsa concert," The ''Daily Leader'' Online 11/17/08 from http://www.highplainsleader.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=127:eagle-timothy-b-schmit-treats-locals-as-guests-to-tulsa-concert&catid=14:high-plains-community&Itemid=43</ref> and [[Bernie Leadon]]<ref>Michael Buffalo Smith, "Bernie Leadon" April, 2004 from http://swampland.com/articles/view/title:bernie_leadon</ref> of [[The Eagles]], [[The Beach Boys]]' [[Al Jardine]],<ref>Fred Bronson, ''The Billboard Book of Number 1 Hits'' (2003) Billboard Books ISBN 9780823076772, p. 151 retrieved from http://books.google.com/books?id=PgGqNrqfrsoC&pg=PT991&dq=the+billboard+book+of+%231+hits</ref> banjo master [[Tony Trischka]],<ref>Dana Andrew Jennings, "A Life-long Love Affair With The Humble Banjo" ''The New York Times'', 3/17/96 from http://www.nytimes.com/1996/03/17/nyregion/music-a-lifelong-love-affair-with-the-humble-banjo.html</ref> pop group [[ABBA]],<ref>http://www.abba-world.net/facts/bjorn.htm</ref> [[Jefferson Airplane]] founding member [[Paul Kantner]],<ref>"Paul Kantner" from http://www.statemaster.com/encyclopedia/Jefferson-Airplane#Formation_and_early_career</ref> [[Buffalo Springfield]] founding member [[Richie Furay]],<ref>Terry Roland, "Richie Furay Returns To Re-Claim His Fame With ''Heartbeat Of Love''," Folkworks.org Nov.- Dec. 2007 from http://www.folkworks.org/content/view/35346/106/</ref> [[Byrds]] co-founder [[Gene Clark]],<ref>John Einarson, ''Mr. Tambourine Man'' Backbeat Books, 2005, p. 29 ISBN 978-0879307936 retrieved from http://books.google.com/books?id=ZZUHknGVGx4C&pg=PA29&lpg=PA29&dq=gene+clark+kingston+trio&source=bl&ots=jS5lPmER5P&sig=yeS3pWHL_KNLO6KFoZfC3aLzZeA&hl=en&ei=9zthStvXHJS0lAeLwJykDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8 7/17/09</ref>, roots musician and master mandolin player [[David Grisman]],<ref>Seth Rogovoy, "David Grisman: Carrying the Torch," 8/6/98 from http://www.berkshireweb.com/rogovoy/interviews/grisman.html</ref> singer-songwriters [[Jimmy Buffett]],<ref>Steve Eng, ''The Singer, The Writer, The Maestro: Jimmy Buffett'' St. Martin's Press, 1997 ISBN 0-312-16875-6 p. 52 retrieved from http://books.google.com/books?id=BM58F-yOS3IC&pg=PA52&dq=jimmy+buffett+kingston+trio&lr= 7/20/09</ref> [[Steve Goodman]]<ref>Toby Gibson, "A Steve Goodman Scrapbook," from http://www.folkblues.com/goodman/about_steve.htm</ref> (composer of "The City Of New Orleans"), and [[Michael Peter Smith|Michael Smith]]<ref>Tom Nelligan, "Making Interesting Songs: Michael Smith," Dirty Linen June/July 1998 from http://www.artistsofnote.com/michael/intvw-dirtylinen.shtml</ref> (composer of "The Dutchman"), folk and rock musician [[Jerry Yester]],<ref>Jack Brolly, "Jerry Yester Interview," February 2000 from http://www.timbuckleyandfriends.com/JerryYester.html</ref> and progressive jazz vocal group [[Manhattan Transfer]]<ref>Sparrow, "Aluminum Pipes, Amplified Cactus," ''Chronogram'' 4/28/09 from http://www.chronogram.com/issue/2008/5/Arts+&+Culture/Aluminum-Pipes-Amplified-Cactus</ref> among many others cite the Kingston Trio as a formative influence in their musical careers.

The [[C.F. Martin & Company]] guitar manufacturers has attributed the dramatic rise in demand for its instruments in the early 1960s in large part to the Kingston Trio's use of their guitars,<ref>Dudley Nicholson, "Loudest Guitar," ''Soundboard'', Oct.-Nov. 2001 from http://www.s-w-b-a.com/pickerscorner_docs/Loudest_Guitar.htm</ref> featured prominently and without compensation on nearly all of their album covers.<ref>Washburn and Johnston, ''Martin Guitars'', p. 170</ref> A Martin company press release in 2007 announcing yet another Kingston Trio commemorative model guitar stated that

<blockquote>
The Kingston Trio changed everything about popular music - and the entire acoustic guitar industry along with it...
It was the rise of The Kingston Trio that really established Martin as "America's Guitar"...The Kingston Trio wasn't just a musical group. It was a phenomenon, as influential in its time as The Beatles would become in theirs.<ref>http://namm.harmony-central.com/SNAMM07/article/Martin/Kingston-Trio.html</ref>
</blockquote>

Satirist [[Tom Lehrer]] has acknowledged the Trio's pioneering of college concerts, observing that before the Kingstons "There was no real concert circuit...The Kingston Trio started all that,"<ref>Richard Corliss, "That Old Feeling: Get Along Little Folkie," ''Time Magazine'' 4/21/2003 from http://www.time.com/time/columnist/corliss/article/0,9565,445267,00.html</ref> and in [[Time Magazine]], critic [[Richard Corliss]] asserted, "In my youth, they changed pop music, and me with it."<ref>Corliss, "That Old Feeling"</ref>

== Discography and videography ==
{{main|The Kingston Trio discography}}

==Top 40 Hits In Chronological Order==
*"[[Tom Dooley (song)|Tom Dooley]]", #1 in [[1958 in music|1958]]
*"The Tijuana Jail", #12 in [[1959 in music|1959]]
*"[[M.T.A.]]", #15 in 1959
*"A Worried Man", #20 in 1959
*"El Matador", #32 in [[1960 in music|1960]]
*"Bad Man Blunder", #37 in 1960
*"[[Where Have All the Flowers Gone?]]", #21 in [[1962 in music|1962]]
*"Greenback Dollar", #21 in [[1963 in music|1963]]
*"[[The Reverend Mr. Black]]", #8 in 1963
*"Desert Pete", #33 in 1963

==Awards and recognition==
'''[[Grammy Awards]]'''
*[[Grammy Award for Best Country & Western Recording|1959 Best Country and Western Recording]] - "[[Tom Dooley (song)|Tom Dooley]]"
*[[Grammy Award for Best Ethnic or Traditional Folk Recording|1960 Best Ethnic or Traditional Folk Recording]] - ''[[At Large]]''

'''[[Vocal Group Hall of Fame]]'''
*[[Vocal Group Hall of Fame#2000|Inducted in 2000]]

'''[[National Recording Registry|Library of Congress National Registry Of Historically Significant Recordings]]'''
*"[[Tom Dooley (song)|Tom Dooley]]" [[2008]]

==References==
{{refbegin|colwidth=40em}}
{{reflist|3}}
{{refend}}

==Sources==

*Blake, Rubeck, Shaw et al. (1986). ''The Kingston Trio On Record''. Kingston Korner, Inc. ISBN 978-0961459406
*Bronson, Fred. (2003) ''The Billboard Book of Number One Hits''. Billboard Publications. ISBN 9780823076772
*Bush, Bill. "The Kingston Trio: Breakthrough Boys of the '60s Folk Boom." ''Frets Magazine'' (June 1984).
*Cohen, Ronald D. (2008) ''A History Of Folk Festivals In The United States''. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6202-9
*Corliss, Richard. "That Old Feeling: Get Along, Little Folkie." ''Time Magazine'' (April 21, 2003)
*Dreier, Peter. [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/peter-dreier/the-kingston-trio-and-the_b_134683.html "The Kingston Trio and the Red Scare]. ''The Huffington Post''. (October 14, 2008)
*Eder, Bruce. [http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:aifexqq5ld6e "The Kingston Trio"]. ''AllMusic Guide.'' 
*Einarson, John. (2005) ''Mr. Tambourine Man''. Backbeat Books ISBN 978-0879307936
*Eng, Steve. (1997). ''The Singer, The Writer, The Maestro: Jimmy Buffett''. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-16875-6
*Hadlock, Richard. "The Kingston Trio Story." ''Downbeat Magazine''. (June 11, 1959).
*Harris, Roy. "The Kingston Trio's Weird Reunion." ''The Wall Street Journal'', (March 12, 1982)
*Tachi, Mikiko. "Commercialism, Counterculture, and the Folk Music Revival: A Study of ''Sing Out! Magazine'', 1950–1967." ''The Japanese Journal of American Studies'', No. 15 (2004)
*Unterberger, Richie. [http://www.richieunterberger.com/modernfolk1.html Liner notes for The Modern Folk Quartet]. 
*Washburn, Jim and Johnston, Richard. (1997) ''Martin Guitars''. Rodale Press ISBN 0-87596-797-3
*Whitburn, Joel. (2007) ''Joel Whitburn Presents The Billboard Albums'', 6th ed., revised. Record Research. ISBN 9780898201666

==External links==
*[http://www.kingstontrio.com/ The Kingston Trio Official Website]
*[http://www.kingstontrioplace.com/ The Kingston Trio Place] (fan page)
*[http://www.folkusa.org/ Folk U.S.A. – Archived vintage Kingston Trio audio and video clips.]

==Further reading==
*[http://www.lazyka.com/linernotes/TimeLine/TimeLinePg01.htm Kingston Trio timeline]
*[http://www.vocalgroup.org/inductees/kingston_trio.html The Kingston Trio Vocal Group Hall of Fame Page]
*[http://grubstreet.ca/articles/interviews/kingstontrio.htm Interview with George Grove (2008)]
*[http://www.darkendeavors.com/boulder_lout/3.asp ''Dave Guard and the Other Two''] – Article on Dave Guard and The Kingston Trio

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[[Category:American folk guitarists]]
[[Category:American folk singers]]
[[Category:American folk musicians]]
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[[Category:Grammy Award winners]]
[[Category:Decca Records artists]]

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Laurell K. Hamilton

2009-08-06T21:41:55Z

Elegantelbow: /* Anita Blake */

{{Infobox Writer 
| name = Laurell Kaye Hamilton
| image = Hamilton, Laurell K (2007).jpg
| imagesize = 200px
| caption = Laurell Kaye Hamilton at a [[book signing]] in 2007
| pseudonym = Laurell K. Hamilton
| birthname = Laurell Kaye Hamilton
| birthdate = {{Birth date and age|1963|2|19|mf=y}}
| birthplace = [[Heber Springs, Arkansas|Heber Springs]], [[Arkansas]], [[US]]
| deathdate =
| occupation = [[Writer]], [[Novelist]]
| nationality = [[United States|American]]
| period = 1993 – present
| genre = [[Fantasy novel|Fantasy]], [[Erotica]], [[Romance novel|Romance]], [[Horror novel|Horror]], [[Science fiction novel|Science Fiction]]
| notableworks = ''[[Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter]]'' ''[[Merry Gentry|Merry Gentry Series]]''
| influences = [[Robert E. Howard]]'s short story collection ''Pigeons From Hell''{{Fact|date=August 2008}} and [[Anthony Masters]]' ''The Natural History of the Vampire''
| influenced =
| website = http://www.laurellkhamilton.org
}}

'''Laurell Kaye Hamilton''' (born [[February 19]], [[1963]]) is an American fantasy and romance writer. She is the author of two series of stories. Hamilton is known for her ''New York Times''-bestselling ''[[Anita Blake]]'' series, featuring a female necromancer turned magical investigator as the protagonist. The series currently runs to 17 novels, several short story collections, and other tie-in media, such as comic books. More than 6 million copies of Anita Blake novels have been printed.<ref name=LKHbio>http://www.laurellkhamilton.org/Laurell/LKHBiography.htm </ref> Also notable is her [[Merry Gentry]] series, an urban fantasy in which the world of fairy interacts with the "real world".

== Life ==
Laurell Kaye Hamilton was born in [[Heber Springs, Arkansas]] but grew up in [[Sims, Indiana]] with her grandmother Laura Gentry. Her education includes degrees in English and biology from Marion (now [[Indiana Wesleyan University]]), a private [[Evangelicalism|Evangelical]] [[Christian]] [[liberal arts college]] in [[Marion, Indiana]] that is affiliated with the [[Wesleyan Church]] [[Christian denomination|denomination]].<ref> {{cite web |url=http://www.locusmag.com/2000/Issues/09/Hamilton.html |title= Locus Online: Laurell K. Hamilton interview (excerpts)|accessdate= |author= |year=2000 |month=September |work= [[Locus (magazine)|]]}}</ref>

Hamilton is involved with a number of animal charities, particularly supporting dog rescue efforts and wolf preservation.<ref name= FR_interview>Interview at Flamesrising.com http://www.flamesrising.com/laurell-k-hamilton-interview-horror-author/
</ref><ref name= charityphotos>Photographs of chartiy work from Hamiltons official website [http://www.laurellkhamilton.org/Photos/Charity/Top/default.htm]</ref>

Today, Hamilton resides in [[St. Louis County, Missouri]] with her current husband Jonathon Green, her daughter Trinity, and two dogs.

==Works==
[[Image:Guilty Pleasures.png|thumb|upright|''Guilty Pleasures'', 1993 first edition of first book in Anita Blake series.]]
Laurell K. Hamilton is the author of two series of stories:
* ''[[Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter]]'' is about a female necromancer and her relationships with vampires and wereanimals. The series runs to 16 novels as of May 2008, and a number of short story collections and other tie-in media such as comic books. More than 6 million copies of Anita Blake novels have been printed<ref name="LKHbio"/> and it became a [[New York Times Best Seller list|''New York Times'' bestseller]].
* ''[[Merry Gentry]]'' is an urban fantasy in which fairies live in the USA. Hamilton published the first book in 2000.
Both series focus in part on [[St. Louis, Missouri]]. The city is the home base for Anita Blake. In the Merry Gentry series, the home base for the fairies' Dark Court is at [[Cahokia]] Mounds, across the Mississippi River from St. Louis.

==Critical reception and fan reactions==

===Anita Blake===
In ''Narcissus in Chains'' (book 10), the character [[Anita Blake]] becomes infected with ''the ardeur'', a supernatural hunger making the victim feed it (via direct or vicarious sexual energy) and added metaphysical powers. The ardeur is essentially cited as being an unconvincing [[deus ex machina]] device, and even a metaphysical [[date rape drug]], used to force Anita Blake and her partners into increasingly gratuitous sexual encounters as well as magically solve all problems through sex or [[lust]]. Some readers contend that these situations occur without the development of character or plot, and also force sex and dependency on a formerly independent female character. <ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.amazon.com/gp/forum/cd/discussion.html/?cdForum=Fx1OFHYU31CK06W&asin=0425217248&cdThread=Tx5LMD4TM9QNTM |title=Amazon.com: Customer Discussions: Author tells fans to go away...|date=2006-12-31}} </ref> Others have commented upon the exploitation of [[sexual abuse]], [[incest]], and [[rape]] through its casual use in later books.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.amazon.com/gp/forum/cd/discussion.html/?cdForum=Fx1OFHYU31CK06W&cdItems=25&asin=0425217248&cdThread=Tx1G69CXA9IT5FO&cdSortDir=Ascending#Mx35MQAB9YDI8JG |title=Amazon.com: Customer Discussions: I wouldn't mind all the sex, if... |date=2006-12-08}} et al.</ref>

Reviewers have also commented on the amount of sex in later books. A March 26, [2006 review in the ''[[Boston Globe]]'' of ''[[Micah (novel)|Micah]]'' was largely negative: "...we were not impressed. Hamilton no doubt appeals to romance and erotica lovers, but it does not take long for the clichés and the constant droning about sex to become tiresome."<ref name=BostonGlobe>{{cite news
| first = Rochelle
| last = O'Gorman
| title = Beware the Ringing Cell
| work = [[Boston Globe]]
| id = {{ISSN|07431791}}
| page = C7
| date = 2006-03-26}}</ref>
Robert Folsom of the ''[[Kansas City Star]]'' wrote a critical review, stating:" After 13 erotically charged books, boredom has reared its ugly head for the 14th novel in Laurell K. Hamilton's Anita Blake series, as eroticism becomes mere description..."<ref name=KansasStar>{{cite news | first=Robert | last=Folsom | title='Danse Macabre' by Laurell K. Hamilton; 'The Lies of Locke Lamora' by Scott Lynch | publisher=Kansas City Star | date=[[2006-07-17]]}}</ref>

''[[Publishers Weekly]]'' described the 2008 16th book, ''[[Blood Noir (novel)|Blood Noir]]'', as "florid" but credits Hamilton with giving Anita "a case to solve between wild orgies with wereanimals." The review ends with a comment on the direction the series is taking: "Hamilton chronicles Anita's escapades with a growing air of ennui, which longtime readers can't help sharing as sex increasingly takes the place of plot and character development".<ref> [http://www.publishersweekly.com/article/CA6552500.html Publisher's Weekly Fiction Reviews: Week of 4/21/2008] ©2008 Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. Accessed August 26, 2008</ref> ''Blood Noir'' debuted at the #1 spot on the New York Times bestseller list;<ref> http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4188/is_20080615/ai_n26687841</ref><ref> http://blog.laurellkhamilton.org/2008/06/blood-noir-is-1-on-new-york-times.html</ref> by early July, it had fallen to number 25.<ref> http://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/13/books/bestseller/0713besthardfiction.html?_r=1&oref=slogin</ref>

In contrast, a ''[[Denver Post]]'' review of ''Danse Macabre'' took a more positive view of the eroticism in Hamilton's work. Although it noted that "[t]hose looking for mystery and mayhem on this Anita adventure are out of luck" it also stated that "the main attraction of the Anita Blake novels in the past five years has been their erotic novelty," and "[f]ew, if any, mainstream novels delve so deeply into pure, unadulterated erotica."<ref name=DenverPost>{{cite news
| first = Dorman T
| last = Shindler
| title = 7th Anita Blake novel builds on erotic aura
| work = [[Denver Post]]
| id = {{ISSN|19302193}}
| page = F13
| date = 2006-08-20
}}</ref>

In a December 2006 post in her blog, apparently aimed at an ever-increasing number of participants on the Laurell K. Hamilton forums,<ref>{{cite web | url= http://forum.laurellkhamilton.org/ | title=Laurell K. Hamilton Forums | date=2008-08-18}} </ref> Hamilton acknowledged readers who, disappointed in recent [[Anita Blake]] novels, have chosen to stop reading her work altogether. She added that "life is too short to read books you don't like," and acknowledged that the books are "not comfortable." She suggested that these readers would prefer to read "books that don't make you think that hard." Hamilton then asserted that, aside from this group, there exist a number of "negative fans" who, claiming to have made this decision, continue to discuss later books in detail; she suggests that these individuals are either "closet readers" or comment based on others' opinions. The appellation "fan" refers to her perception that "only a fan would spend this much time and energy on anything." However, Hamilton suggested that sales figures establish the increasing popularity of the series. She concluded by rewarding "positive people," as she describes those who are continuing to read the Anita Blake series, with information about her upcoming book.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://blog.laurellkhamilton.org/2006/12/dear-negative-reader.html |title=Dear Negative Reader |date=2007-01-25 |author=Laurell K. Hamilton |date=2006-12-29|work=LKH Blog}}</ref>
Many readers have expressed their dislike. The ''[[Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter]]'' series has been translated into 16 languages and the sold over 6 million copies worldwide.<ref name=LKHbio />

== Bibliography ==
{{multicol}}
===''[[Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter]]''===

# ''[[Guilty Pleasures (novel)|Guilty Pleasures]]'' (1993) [[Special:Booksources/051513449X|ISBN 0-515-13449-X]]
# ''[[The Laughing Corpse (novel)|The Laughing Corpse]]'' (1994) ISBN 0-425-19200-8
# ''[[Circus of the Damned (novel)|Circus of the Damned]]'' (1995) ISBN 0-515-13448-1
# ''[[The Lunatic Cafe (novel)|The Lunatic Cafe]]'' (1996) ISBN 0-425-20137-6
# ''[[Bloody Bones (novel)|Bloody Bones]]'' (1996) ISBN 0-425-20567-3
# ''[[The Killing Dance (novel)|The Killing Dance]]'' (1997) ISBN 0-425-20906-7
# ''[[Burnt Offerings (novel)|Burnt Offerings]]'' (1998) ISBN 0-515-13447-3
# ''[[Blue Moon (novel)|Blue Moon]]'' (1998) ISBN 0-515-13445-7
# ''[[Obsidian Butterfly]]'' (2000) ISBN 0-515-13450-3
# ''[[Narcissus in Chains]]'' (2001) ISBN 5-558-61270-3
# ''[[Cerulean Sins (novel)|Cerulean Sins]]'' (2003) ISBN 0-515-13681-6
# ''[[Incubus Dreams (novel)|Incubus Dreams]]'' (2004) ISBN 0-515-13975-0
# ''[[Micah (novel)|Micah]]'' (2006) ISBN 0-515-14087-2 (novella)
# ''[[Danse Macabre (novel)|Danse Macabre]]'' (2006) ISBN 0-425-20797-8
# ''[[The Harlequin (novel)|The Harlequin]]'' (2007) ISBN 978-0-425-21724-5
# ''[[Blood Noir (novel)|Blood Noir]]'' (2008) ISBN 978-0-425-22219-5
# ''[[Skin Trade (novel)|Skin Trade]]'' (2009) ISBN 978-0-425-22772-5

;[[Science Fiction Book Club]] omnibus editions:
# ''Club Vampyre'' (''Guilty Pleasures'', ''The Laughing Corpse'', and ''Circus of the Damned'')
# ''Midnight Cafe'' (''The Lunatic Cafe'', ''Bloody Bones'', and ''The Killing Dance'')
# ''Black Moon Inn'' (''Burnt Offerings'' and ''Blue Moon'')
# ''Nightshade Tavern'' (''Obsidian Butterfly'' and ''Narcissus in Chains'')

* ''Out Of This World'' (1st 100 pages of ''Narcissus in Chains'')
{{multicol-break}}

=== ''[[Merry Gentry]]'' series===
# ''[[A Kiss of Shadows (novel)|A Kiss of Shadows]]'' (2000)
# ''[[A Caress of Twilight]]'' (2002)
# ''[[Seduced by Moonlight]]'' (2004)
# ''[[A Stroke of Midnight]]'' (2005)
# ''[[Mistral's Kiss]]'' (2006)
# ''[[A Lick of Frost]]'' (2007)
# ''[[Swallowing Darkness]]'' (2008)
# ''[[Divine Misdemeanors]]'' (December 8, 2009)

===Marvel Comics series===
(in Anita's chronological order)
# ''Laurell K. Hamilton's Anita Blake, Vampire Hunter: The First Death'' 1/2 (7/2007)
# ''Laurell K. Hamilton's Anita Blake, Vampire Hunter: The First Death'' 2/2 (12/2007)
# ''Guilty Pleasures Handbook'' (2007)
# ''Anita Blake Vampire Hunter: Guilty Pleasures'' 1 (12/2006)
# ''Anita Blake Vampire Hunter: Guilty Pleasures'' 2 (1/2007)
# ''Anita Blake Vampire Hunter: Guilty Pleasures'' 3 (2/2007)
# ''Anita Blake Vampire Hunter: Guilty Pleasures'' 4 (1/2007)
# ''Anita Blake Vampire Hunter: Guilty Pleasures'' 5 (2/2007)
# ''Anita Blake Vampire Hunter: Guilty Pleasures'' 6 (3/2007)
# ''Anita Blake Vampire Hunter: Guilty Pleasures'' 7 (3/2008)
# ''Anita Blake Vampire Hunter: Guilty Pleasures'' 8 (4/2008)
# ''Anita Blake Vampire Hunter: Guilty Pleasures'' 9 (5/2008)
# ''Anita Blake Vampire Hunter: Guilty Pleasures'' 10 (6/2008)
# ''Anita Blake Vampire Hunter: Guilty Pleasures'' 11/12 (7/2008)
# ''Anita Blake Vampire Hunter: Guilty Pleasures'' 12/12 (8/2008)
# ''Anita Blake: The Laughing Corpse - Book One'' 1/5 (12/2008)
# ''Anita Blake: The Laughing Corpse - Book One'' 2/5 (1/2009)
# ''Anita Blake: The Laughing Corpse - Book One'' 3/5 (2/2009)
# ''Anita Blake: The Laughing Corpse - Book One'' 4/5 (3/2009)
# ''Anita Blake: The Laughing Corpse - Book One'' 5/5 (4/2009)
# ''Anita Blake: The Laughing Corpse - Necromancer'' 1/5 (6/2009)
# ''Anita Blake: The Laughing Corpse - Necromancer'' 2/5 (7/2009)
# ''Anita Blake: The Laughing Corpse - Necromancer'' 3/5 (9/2009)

===Others===
* ''Nightseer'' (1992)
* ''Nightshade'' (1992) (''[[Star Trek: The Next Generation]]'' authorized novel #24)
* ''Death of a Darklord'' (1995) ([[TSR, Inc.|TSR]]'s ''[[Ravenloft]]'' series.)
* "A Clean Sweep" (first story in ''Superheroes'', a 1995 anthology)
* ''Cravings'' (anthology, 2004)
* ''Bite'' (anthology, 2004)
* ''Strange Candy'' (14 published and unpublished short stories, released November 2006)
* ''Never After'' (anthology, 2009)
{{multicol-end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links ==
{{wikiquote}}
* http://www.laurellkhamilton.org – official website
* {{isfdb name|id=Laurell_K._Hamilton|name=Laurell K. Hamilton}}
* [http://fan.artisticchardon.com/lkh/ Fanlisting for Laurell K. Hamilton]

===Interviews===
* [http://www.riverfronttimes.com/2008-11-19/news/mistress-of-horror-nobody-writes-vampire-novels-the-way-st-louis-laurell-k-hamilton-does-ndash-and-yes-there-s-lots-of-sex Riverfront Times] (Nov 2008)
* [http://www.locusmag.com/2000/Issues/09/Hamilton.html Locus Online Interview] (Sept 2000)
* [http://www.sffworld.com/interview/31p0.html Interview] at [http://www.sffworld.com SFFWorld.com](Nov 2000)
* [http://www.sfsite.com/11a/lh187.htm The SF Site: A Conversation with Laurell K. Hamilton] (Sept 2004)
* [http://www.bankrate.com/brm/news/investing/20041115a1.asp Interview with Bankrate.com] (Nov 2004)
* [http://www.flamesrising.com/laurell-k-hamilton-interview-horror-author Interview on Flames Rising] (June 2006)
* [http://www.wotmania.com/fantasymessageboardshowmessage.asp?MessageID=163714 Interview on wotmania.com] (June 2006)

{{Anita Blake}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hamilton, Laurell K.}}
[[Category:1963 births]]
[[Category:American fantasy writers]]
[[Category:American horror writers]]
[[Category:American novelists]]
[[Category:Erotic horror writers]]
[[Category:Writers from Indiana]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Writers from Arkansas]]
[[Category:Writers from Missouri]]
[[Category:People from Arkansas]]
[[Category:People from St. Louis County, Missouri]]
[[Category:American erotica writers]]

[[de:Laurell K. Hamilton]]
[[fr:Laurell K. Hamilton]]
[[it:Laurell K. Hamilton]]
[[no:Laurell K. Hamilton]]
[[pl:Laurell K. Hamilton]]
[[pt:Laurell K. Hamilton]]
[[ru:Гамильтон, Лорел]]
[[sv:Laurell K. Hamilton]]

Ruby Slippers, Golden Tears

2009-08-06T21:27:31Z

Elegantelbow:

{{Refimprove|date=July 2009}}
{{Expand|date=July 2009}}{{Infobox Book | 
| name = Ruby Slippers, Golden Tears
| title_orig =
| translator =
| image =
| image_caption =
| author = [[Ellen Datlow]] and [[Terri Windling]]
| illustrator =
| cover_artist = [[Matt Stawicki]]
| country = US
| language = [[English language|English]]
| series =
| genre = [[Fantasy]] and [[Horror]]
| publisher = William Morrow & Company
| pub_date = [[December 1995]]
| english_pub_date = [[December 1995]]
| media_type = Print
| pages = 416 (Hardback)
| isbn = ISBN 0688143636
| preceded_by = [[Black Thorn, White Rose]]
| followed_by = [[Black Swan, White Raven]]
}}

'''Ruby Slippers, Golden Tears''' is the third book in a series of collections of re-told fairy tales edited by [[Ellen Datlow]] and [[Terri Windling]].

==Contents<ref name="toc">[http://www.locusmag.com/index/t316.htm#A31648 Table of Contents -- Locus Magazine]</ref>==
*Introduction -- [[Terri Windling]] & [[Ellen Datlow]]
*Ruby Slippers -- [[Susan Wade]] -- a re-telling of [[The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)|The Wizard of Oz]] from the perspective of a middle-aged [[Dorothy Gale|Dorothy]].
*The Beast -- [[Tanith Lee]]
*Masterpiece -- [[Garry Kilworth]]
*Summer Wind -- [[Nancy Kress]]
*This Century of Sleep or, Briar Rose Beneath the Sea -- [[Farida S. T. Shapiro]] -- a re-telling of [[Sleeping Beauty]], focusing on the transformations caused by time and waiting.<ref name="shapiro">[http://www.rambles.net/windling_ruby.html Donna Scanlon's article about Ruby Slippers, Golden Tears]</ref>
*The Crossing -- [[Joyce Carol Oates]]
*Roach in Loafers -- [[Roberta Lannes]]
*Naked Little Men -- [[Michael Cadnum]]
*Brother Bear -- [[Lisa Goldstein]]
*The Emperor Who Had Never Seen a Dragon -- [[John Brunner]]
*Billy Fearless -- [[Nancy A. Collins]]
*The Death of Koshchei the Deathless -- [[Gene Wolfe]]
*The Real Princess -- [[Susan Palwick]]
*The Huntsman’s Story -- [[Milbre Burch]]
*After Push Comes to Shove -- [[Milbre Burch]]
*Hansel and Grettel -- [[Gahan Wilson]]
*[[Match Girl (short story)|Match Girl]] -- [[Anne Bishop]]
*Waking the Prince -- [[Kathe Koja]]
*The Fox Wife -- [[Ellen Steiber]]
*The White Road -- [[Neil Gaiman]]
*The Traveler and the Tale -- [[Jane Yolen]]
*The Printer’s Daughter -- [[Delia Sherman]]
*Recommended Reading

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.datlow.com/biobiblio.html Ellen Datlow's Bibliography]
*[http://www.librarything.com/work/27961/reviews/19631410 Rhiona's story-by-story description at Library Thing]

[[Category:Fantasy short story collections]] [[Category:Horror short story collections]] [[Category:1995 books]]

Ruby Slippers, Golden Tears

2009-08-06T21:26:16Z

Elegantelbow: added some categories

{{Refimprove|date=July 2009}}
{{Expand|date=July 2009}}{{Infobox Book | 
| name = Ruby Slippers, Golden Tears
| title_orig =
| translator =
| image =
| image_caption =
| author = [[Ellen Datlow]] and [[Terri Windling]]
| illustrator =
| cover_artist = Matt Stawicki
| country = US
| language = [[English language|English]]
| series =
| genre = [[Fantasy]] and [[Horror]]
| publisher = William Morrow & Company
| pub_date = [[December 1995]]
| english_pub_date = [[December 1995]]
| media_type = Print
| pages = 416 (Hardback)
| isbn = ISBN 0688143636
| preceded_by = [[Black Thorn, White Rose]]
| followed_by = [[Black Swan, White Raven]]
}}

'''Ruby Slippers, Golden Tears''' is the third book in a series of collections of re-told fairy tales edited by [[Ellen Datlow]] and [[Terri Windling]].

==Contents<ref name="toc">[http://www.locusmag.com/index/t316.htm#A31648 Table of Contents -- Locus Magazine]</ref>==
*Introduction -- [[Terri Windling]] & [[Ellen Datlow]]
*Ruby Slippers -- [[Susan Wade]] -- a re-telling of [[The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)|The Wizard of Oz]] from the perspective of a middle-aged [[Dorothy Gale|Dorothy]].
*The Beast -- [[Tanith Lee]]
*Masterpiece -- [[Garry Kilworth]]
*Summer Wind -- [[Nancy Kress]]
*This Century of Sleep or, Briar Rose Beneath the Sea -- [[Farida S. T. Shapiro]] -- a re-telling of [[Sleeping Beauty]], focusing on the transformations caused by time and waiting.<ref name="shapiro">[http://www.rambles.net/windling_ruby.html Donna Scanlon's article about Ruby Slippers, Golden Tears]</ref>
*The Crossing -- [[Joyce Carol Oates]]
*Roach in Loafers -- [[Roberta Lannes]]
*Naked Little Men -- [[Michael Cadnum]]
*Brother Bear -- [[Lisa Goldstein]]
*The Emperor Who Had Never Seen a Dragon -- [[John Brunner]]
*Billy Fearless -- [[Nancy A. Collins]]
*The Death of Koshchei the Deathless -- [[Gene Wolfe]]
*The Real Princess -- [[Susan Palwick]]
*The Huntsman’s Story -- [[Milbre Burch]]
*After Push Comes to Shove -- [[Milbre Burch]]
*Hansel and Grettel -- [[Gahan Wilson]]
*[[Match Girl (short story)|Match Girl]] -- [[Anne Bishop]]
*Waking the Prince -- [[Kathe Koja]]
*The Fox Wife -- [[Ellen Steiber]]
*The White Road -- [[Neil Gaiman]]
*The Traveler and the Tale -- [[Jane Yolen]]
*The Printer’s Daughter -- [[Delia Sherman]]
*Recommended Reading

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.datlow.com/biobiblio.html Ellen Datlow's Bibliography]
*[http://www.librarything.com/work/27961/reviews/19631410 Rhiona's story-by-story description at Library Thing]

[[Category:Fantasy short story collections]] [[Category:Horror short story collections]] [[Category:1995 books]]

Snow White, Blood Red (book)

2009-08-06T21:25:39Z

Elegantelbow: added a category

{{Infobox Book | 
| name = Snow White, Blood Red
| title_orig =
| translator =
| image =
| image_caption =
| author = [[Ellen Datlow]] and [[Terri Windling]]
| illustrator =
| cover_artist = Tom Canty
| country = US
| language = [[English language|English]]
| series =
| genre = [[Fantasy]] and [[Horror]]
| publisher = William Morrow & Company
| pub_date = [[January 1993]]
| english_pub_date = [[January 1993]]
| media_type = Print
| pages = 411 (Hardback)
| isbn = ISBN 0688109136
| preceded_by =
| followed_by = [[Black Thorn, White Rose]]
}}

'''Snow White, Blood Red''' is the first book in a series of collections of re-told fairy tales edited by [[Ellen Datlow]] and [[Terri Windling]].

==Contents==

* Introduction: White as Snow: Fairy Tales and Fantasy -- [[Terri Windling]]
* Red as Blood: Fairy Tales and Horror -- [[Ellen Datlow]]
* Like a Red, Red Rose -- [[Susan Wade]]
* The Moon Is Drowning While I Sleep ([[Newford]]) -- [[Charles de Lint]]
* The Frog Prince -- [[Gahan Wilson]]
* Stalking Beans -- [[Nancy Kress]]
* Snow-Drop -- [[Tanith Lee]]
* Little Red -- [[Wendy Wheeler]]
* I Shall Do Thee Mischief in the Wood -- [[Kathe Koja]]
* The Root of the Matter -- [[Gregory Frost]]
* The Princess in the Tower -- [[Elizabeth A. Lynn]]
* Persimmon -- [[Harvey Jacobs]]
* Little Poucet -- [[Steve Rasnic Tem]]
* The Changelings -- [[Melanie Tem]]
* The Springfield Swans -- [[Caroline Stevermer]] & [[Ryan Edmonds]]
* Troll Bridge -- [[Neil Gaiman]]
* A Sound, Like Angels Singing -- [[Leonard Rysdyk]]
* Puss -- [[Esther M. Friesner]]
* The Glass Casket -- [[Jack Dann]]
* Knives -- [[Jane Yolen]]
* The Snow Queen -- [[Patricia A. McKillip]]
* Breadcrumbs and Stones -- [[Lisa Goldstein]]
* Recommended Reading · Misc. Material<ref name="toc">
[http://www.locusmag.com/index/t213.htm#A23322 Table of Contents -- Locus Magazine]</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External Links==
*[http://www.datlow.com/biobiblio.html Ellen Datlow's Bibliography]
*[http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/81041 Reviews and Ratings at GoodReads.com]

[[Category:Fantasy short stories]]
[[Category:Horror short stories]]
[[Category:1993 books]]

Black Thorn, White Rose

2009-08-06T19:47:25Z

Elegantelbow: more tweaking for categories

{{Article issues|notability =July 2009|refimprove =July 2009|expand =July 2009}}

{{Infobox Book | 
| name = Black Thorn, White Rose
| title_orig =
| translator =
| image =
| image_caption =
| author = [[Ellen Datlow]] and [[Terri Windling]]
| illustrator =
| cover_artist = Tom Canty
| country = US
| language = [[English language|English]]
| series =
| genre = [[Fantasy]] and [[Horror]]
| publisher = William Morrow & Company
| pub_date = [[September 1994]]
| english_pub_date = [[September 1994]]
| media_type = Print
| pages = 386 (Hardback)
| isbn = ISBN 068813713X
| preceded_by = [[Snow White, Blood Red (book)|Snow White, Blood Red]]
| followed_by = [[Ruby Slippers, Golden Tears]]
}}

'''Black Thorn, White Rose''' is the second book in a series of collections of re-told fairy tales edited by [[Ellen Datlow]] and [[Terri Windling]].

==Contents<ref name="toc">[http://www.locusmag.com/index/t280.htm#A28548 Table of Contents -- Locus Magazine]</ref>==
*Introduction -- [[Ellen Datlow]] & [[Terri Windling]]
*Words Like Pale Stones -- [[Nancy Kress]]<ref name="nancy_kress">[http://www.sff.net/people/nankress/biblio.htm Nancy Kress Bibliography]</ref> -- a retelling of [[Rumplestiltskin]] in which the miller's daughter proves herself to be resourceful and resolute.<ref name="wlps">[http://www.rambles.net/windling_black.html Rambles.net summary of Black Thorn, White Rose]</ref>
*Stronger Than Time -- [[Patricia C. Wrede]]
*Somnus’s Fair Maid -- [[Ann Downer]]
*The Frog King, or Iron Henry -- [[Daniel Quinn]]
*Near-Beauty -- [[M. E. Beckett]]
*Ogre -- [[Michael Kandel]]
*Can’t Catch Me -- [[Michael Cadnum]]
*Journeybread Recipe -- [[Lawrence Schimel]]
*The Brown Bear of Norway -- [[Isabel Cole]]
*The Goose Girl -- [[Tim Wynne-Jones]]
*Tattercoats -- [[Midori Snyder]]
*Granny Rumple -- [[Jane Yolen]]
*The Sawing Boys -- [[Howard Waldrop]]
*Godson -- [[Roger Zelazny]]
*Ashputtle -- [[Peter Straub]]<ref name="peter_straub">[http://www.peterstraub.net/works/works_home.html Peter Straub's works in anthologies]</ref>
*Silver and Gold -- [[Ellen Steiber]]<ref name="silver_and_gold">[http://www.endicott-studio.com/cofhs/cofsilgo.html Text of Silver and Gold at Endicott Studio]</ref>
*Sweet Bruising Skin -- [[Storm Constantine]]<ref name="storm">[http://stormconstantine.com/blog/?page_id=75#PUBLISHED Storm Constantine's Published Short Stories page]</ref>
*The Black Swan -- [[Susan Wade]]<ref name="susan_wade">[http://www.sff.net/people/susanwade/short.html Susan Wade's Short Fiction page]</ref>
*Recommended Reading—Misc. Material

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.datlow.com/biobiblio.html Ellen Datlow's Bibliography]

[[Category:Fantasy short story collections]] [[Category:Horror short story collections]] [[Category:1994 books]]

Black Thorn, White Rose

2009-08-06T19:45:27Z

Elegantelbow: added a couple of categories

Black Thorn, White Rose

2009-08-06T19:44:26Z

Elegantelbow: /* External links */

The Westing Game

2009-08-03T03:42:08Z

Elegantelbow: /* Brief synopsis */

2009-07-24T13:22:08Z

Elegantelbow: /* Hello, and thanks for the welcome */

[[Image:Quill (PSF).png|500 px|center|thumb|A black and white rendering of a Red Pen of Doom.]]

The name TheRedPen was already taken, so I must perforce add to the moniker.

I also edit South Park and Family Guy and other "cultural reference" pages and from public log in sites as [[User:Notnotkenny]]. [[User:Notnotkenny|Notnotkenny]] ([[User talk:Notnotkenny|talk]]) 00:17, 10 March 2009 (UTC) Yes I do. -- [[User talk:TheRedPenOfDoom|The Red Pen of Doom]] 00:19, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:TheRedPenOfDoom/Archive_1 Archives]

{{User:MiszaBot/config
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|maxarchivesize = 30K
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|archive = User talk:TheRedPenOfDoom/Archive %(counter)d
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== 1776 - deleted external link ==

"Welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to contribute constructively to the encyclopedia, one or more of the external links you added to the page 1776 (musical) do not comply with our guidelines for external links and have been removed. Wikipedia is not a collection of links; nor should it be used for advertising or promotion. Since Wikipedia uses nofollow tags, external links do not alter search engine rankings. If you feel the link should be added to the article, please discuss it on the article's talk page before reinserting it. Please take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Thank you.-- The Red Pen of Doom 03:03, 12 June 2009 (UTC)"

Dear Red Pen,

I hope this gets to you as I'm not entirely sure how to respond. I am confused as to the reason why you deleted the external link for the musical 1776. The link is highly informative, even more so than the link for ibdb. If links for pages to sites such as ibdb, imdb and StageAgent are ok, then this one is ok as well. In fact, the rGreenRoom pages offer even more detailed information on a single page than any of the other sites. And it should be noted that the other sites are linked extensively throughout Wikipedia without incident. The link was clearly not spam or for promotion, in the same way that ibdb is not. The website is a free and open public site just like the others that I have mentioned. The link does offer additional information on the musical including character descriptions which are highly informative and constructive, a production history section for productions around the world (although there are not any listed yet for this musical) and a forum for further discussion of the musical by others. Please explain why you deleted the link because the reasons you gave in your above note clearly do not apply. If you have no other reason than your personal opinion, I have to ask you to please reinstate the link.

Thank you - Mlitsonata —Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Mlitsonata|Mlitsonata]] ([[User talk:Mlitsonata|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mlitsonata|contribs]]) 03:43, 12 June 2009 (UTC) 

------

"Please read our guidelines on [[WP:EL|external links]]. -- [[User talk:TheRedPenOfDoom|The Red Pen of Doom]] 03:54, 12 June 2009 (UTC)"

Thank you for sending me the guidelines. I have read them and they are very informative. I see two points under the "avoid" list might be considered. One, that the linked site has ads, but not necessarily more than others so this is on the fence - after all websites have to survive. I do believe that imdb and StageAgent, which are both linked extensively have the same if not more ads than rGreenRoom.com The other, that I am the owner of the site. But this does not exclude the link, it only requests that I suggest the link on the talk page and leave it up to someone else to include. I can understand that request and will follow the request in the future.

It cannot be denied that the link is informative and constructive and that it adheres to the same standards of other links such as ibdb, imdb and StageAgent. Therefore, I ask that you recognize the merits of the link and how it can be useful to WP users and replace the link. If you do not feel it is suitable, please explain why.

[[User:Mlitsonata|Mlitsonata]] ([[User talk:Mlitsonata|talk]]) 04:30, 12 June 2009 (UTC)

== response ==

my link is allowed. according to WP:EL, a link that should be added is: An article about a book, a musical score, or some other media... video feed is other media of norm coleman giving his personal views on the conflict.
[[User:Ashreipinkus|Ashreipinkus]] ([[User talk:Ashreipinkus|talk]])

== Hopefully baloney has ceased ==

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk%3AState_terrorism_and_the_United_States&diff=195801334&oldid=195780422

== Notes to self ==

{{tl|db-user}} <- get rid of user page

:[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk%3AHuman_rights_in_the_United_States&diff=210860824&oldid=209418838 funny exchange]

== Technical fix ==

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AVillage_pump_%28technical%29&diff=204348234&oldid=204346190

== Edit Warring ==

[thoughtless comment removed by author]

== [[Javed Miandad]] ==

Added BBC reference.

== collect ==

You are involved in a recently-filed request for arbitration. Please review the request at [[Wikipedia:Requests for arbitration#edit warring by collect]] and, if you wish to do so, enter your statement and any other material you wish to submit to the Arbitration Committee. Additionally, the following resources may be of use—
* [[Wikipedia:Requests for arbitration#Requesting Arbitration]];
* [[Wikipedia:Arbitration guide]].

Thanks,--[[User:Brendan19|Brendan19]] ([[User talk:Brendan19|talk]]) 19:40, 18 May 2009 (UTC)

== Control click ==

Whenever I look at my user page, right by those links with numbers on them, it says control click and it's driving me nuts trying to find why this is suddenly happening. Do you have any idea of what I am talking about. --[[User:Abce2|Abce2]]|[[User Talk:Abce2|''Access'']][[Special:Contributions/Abce2|''Denied'']] 19:35, 24 May 2009 (UTC)

:(In the interests of keeping the conv in one place) see [[User_talk:Chzz#Control_click]] [[User:Chzz|'''  Chzz ''']][[User talk:Chzz| ► ]] 20:23, 24 May 2009 (UTC)

== [[User talk:Varbas]] ==

New editor. Does not quite understand the scope of the project as a whole. If he is blocked, and even if he is not, I am willing to counsel him and offer guidence and patience. '''[[User:MichaelQSchmidt|Schmidt,]]''' ''[[User talk:MichaelQSchmidt|MICHAEL Q.]]'' 01:13, 25 May 2009 (UTC)
:He's clearly not a new editor. He's been determined to be using socks and is likely to be a sock of a banned user who had a farm of socks and participated in AFDs with faulty reasonings and multiple votes cast. I'm not sure why he hasn't been blocked yet, but deserves to be. [[User:DreamGuy|DreamGuy]] ([[User talk:DreamGuy|talk]]) 17:29, 25 May 2009 (UTC)
::'''Comment''': The investigation found that User:Varbas was not guilty of abusive sockpuppetry. [[User:Varbas|Varbas]] ([[User talk:Varbas|talk]]) 05:12, 26 May 2009 (UTC)

== inre [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/WeeMee (2nd nomination)]] ==

Perhaps you might wish to revisit the discussion? Silly as a WeeMee is, [[WP:AGF|somehow]] dozens of significant, in-depth reliable sources were overlooked. I dug. i found. I shared. Later, time allowing, I'll add them. '''[[User:MichaelQSchmidt|Schmidt,]]''' ''[[User talk:MichaelQSchmidt|MICHAEL Q.]]'' 02:19, 25 May 2009 (UTC)

===not real source, press releases===
I wish you'd reconsider your vote and look into those links. Marketwire, marketsource, businesswire, etc. are PRESS RELEASE services. Reuters, etc. reprints them on their websites but they are not independent news articles. Some of the ones that do not immediately signal that they are merely press releases appear to be simple reprints of those press releases with no editorial oversight -- looking at the article titles shows that many that are linked separately all have the exact same title -- reprints of each other or the press releases. So far I have one ''maybe'' good source with the rest being obvious self-promotion, but I haven't finished looking through them all yet. I'd hate the AFD to be closed on the basis of such deceptive information. [[User:DreamGuy|DreamGuy]] ([[User talk:DreamGuy|talk]]) 17:34, 25 May 2009 (UTC)

== Regarding the [[ Maria Fowler]] article. ==

Hi Red, that was bold (cool).You did what I was wanting to do. I am just learning about the strength of cites and notability. I stumbled upon ithe article yesterday and tagged it with an unnotable delete tag which was removed, if your open to giving a bit of advice sometimes I would be grateful. regards([[User:Off2riorob|Off2riorob]] ([[User talk:Off2riorob|talk]]) 12:26, 26 May 2009 (UTC))

== Road to Germany ==

Could you please quit removing accurate and verifiable information from [[Road to Germany]]? Some things are so obvious they really shouldn't need a citation, and even it needs it anyway, you could add [[citation needed]] to the content, and someone could possibly provide it. Seriously, some of it's practically like demanding citations for "2+2=4" and "water is wet." --[[Special:Contributions/173.28.14.41|173.28.14.41]] ([[User talk:173.28.14.41|talk]]) 16:02, 26 May 2009 (UTC)

I've just read [[Template:Fact]], perhaps you should do the same. Nothing I've seen you immediately remove on [[Road to Germany]] is biographical information that is uncited or inaccurate. --[[Special:Contributions/173.28.14.41|173.28.14.41]] ([[User talk:173.28.14.41|talk]]) 16:26, 26 May 2009 (UTC)

{{Tb|MichaelQSchmidt}}

== Thank you! ==

Thank you for welcoming me! If I have any question, i will let you know! :) --[[User:Emely1219|Emely1219]] ([[User talk:Emely1219|talk]]) 00:27, 28 May 2009 (UTC)

== 1776 edits ==

Gracias, senor -- I was about to go looking for a second opinion on that message.--[[User:SarekOfVulcan|SarekOfVulcan]] ([[User talk:SarekOfVulcan|talk]]) 22:45, 30 May 2009 (UTC)

== Urimai Kural (2010 film) ==

I was wondering if you are an admin. Can you nominate [[Urimai Kural (2010 film)]] for speedy deletion? That is not an officially announced film and was only very recently suggested through out a few websites. The user who created it is "crystal-balling." I believe that the user who created it was the owner of a previous account accused for crystal balling and sock puppetry. [[User:Eelamstylez77|Eelam StyleZ]] ([[User talk:Eelamstylez77|talk]]) 21:14, 31 May 2009 (UTC)

== Thank you ==

Thank you for that personal welcome. —Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:GoGoWikiRangers|GoGoWikiRangers]] ([[User talk:GoGoWikiRangers|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/GoGoWikiRangers|contribs]]) 03:10, 2 June 2009 (UTC) 

== Re: No personal attacks ==

There was no personal attacks. He was commenting me badly. So, I replied him back. If you look at what he did, you'll know. You just don't understand my situation. If you're in my place, you will also do that. If you see, this Eaelam StlyeZ and Universal Hero is combining and just wanted to rule the tamil articles. So, when anyone creates good article, they started to changed the article. Hope you understand my situation.

Remember, there was no personal attacks, [[User:World Cinema Writer|World Cinema Writer]] ([[User talk:World Cinema Writer|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/World Cinema Writer|contributions]]) 05:41, 2 June 2009 (UTC)

:Fine, if you're going to put it on that way, I'll apologized. But, just one rule, I do want him to comment me badly, such as saying I've sockpuppet. [[User:World Cinema Writer|World Cinema Writer]] ([[User talk:World Cinema Writer|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/World Cinema Writer|contributions]]) 05:55, 2 June 2009 (UTC)

::Thank you very much. I'm happry to be friend with you. Any help, I'll ask you. [[User:World Cinema Writer|World Cinema Writer]] ([[User talk:World Cinema Writer|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/World Cinema Writer|contributions]]) 06:04, 2 June 2009 (UTC)

== Nantucket Nectars ==

Good day! I removed the PROD tag and added some third-party sourced refs to the article. Not that the article couldn't be further improved, but I thought deletion to be a bit drastic after I was able to find a few fairly good refs to cite. Cheers! [[User:Glane23|Geoff]] [[User talk:Glane23|''T'' ]][[Special:Contributions/Glane23|''C'' ]] 10:01, 2 June 2009 (UTC)

== sf studies ==

Hi. You added several "neutral point of view" tags to the [[science fiction studies]] article. I'm removing those tags for two reasons. First, the better tag to use for your stated reason (lack of criteria) is {{tl|unreferenced}}. Second, as with all tags, it's good practice to start a conversation on the talk page explaining your concerns and intentions. This is particularly so with the NPOV tag, which in fact says "see talk page" -- so you in effect posted tags that linked to nothing. I don't have time at the moment to pursue this, so I'm not going to do drive-by tagging for the lack of references. If you wish to pursue this, please do, and I'll check in as I have time. --[[User:Lquilter|Lquilter]] ([[User talk:Lquilter|talk]]) 21:09, 2 June 2009 (UTC)
* PS: I started a section on the talk page; feel free to follow up. --[[User:Lquilter|Lquilter]] ([[User talk:Lquilter|talk]]) 21:17, 2 June 2009 (UTC)

== Reversion of several recent edits by [[User:Shsilver]] and references to SFSite.com ==

It should be noted that [[User:Shsilver]] is [[Steven H Silver|a nine-time Hugo nominee]], and that [[SF Site]] (itself a [[Locus Award]] winner) '''is''' considered a [[:WP:RS|reliable source]] in the field. Your reversions of his recent edits are, in my opinion, inappropriate, as there is no COI involved; and while he is news editor there, that does not mean that news posted on SF Site does not go through a review process. --[[User:Orangemike|Orange Mike]] | [[User talk:Orangemike|Talk]] 13:57, 3 June 2009 (UTC)

== Hi! ==

Can you do some work on [[The Fox and the Hound]]? PLEASE! THAT IS MY FAV MOVIE EVER! And [[Charlotte's Web (1973 film)]]! BEST MOVIES EVER! I even like the sequels, [[Charlotte's Web 2: Wilbur's Great Adventure]] and [[The Fox and the Hound 2]], as well as [[Charlotte's Web (2006 film)]]. [[Special:Contributions/207.59.153.210|207.59.153.210]] ([[User talk:207.59.153.210|talk]]) 03:17, 4 June 2009 (UTC)

:Fox and the Hound and Robin Hood need better lead sections. See [[WP:LEAD]]. If not The Fox and the Hound, please at least do Robin Hood so it'll be sourced. [[Special:Contributions/207.59.153.210|207.59.153.210]] ([[User talk:207.59.153.210|talk]]) 03:28, 4 June 2009 (UTC)

== [[Carson Daly]] ==

The format of the Last Call show has changed and I attempted to describe the changes for those who do not know what came before. I added the following which you completely removed:

"For the eighth season in 2008 the format of Last Call was changed from a desk show with a stand-up act in NBC's Burbank Studios to a documentary on-site, roaming recorded video bits that bring the viewer along on the journey with Carson. Music performance acts continue to be hosted on a stage called the "Denny's All-Nighter Stage" in Burbank, California. Examples of the new shows include Daly's motorcycle trip across the historic Route 66, a visit to comedian Tom Green's house in the Hollywood Hills, and an impromptu hangout at the Whiskey Bar with the Grammy Award-winning band Kings of Leon. "

I would like to put it back with a reference. [[User:uriel8| uriel8 ]] [[User_talk:uriel8|(talk)]] 03:59, 4 June 2009 (UTC)

== Bambifan101 IP sock ==

Hey, there. :) If you ever happen to get a request from an anon or a new user asking for help re. The Fox and The Hound, The Rescuers, Bambi, Charlotte's Web or pretty much any juvenile-themed Disney feature under semi-protection, odds are really good it's hard-banned user [[User:Bambifan101]]. If it happens again, please let me know or leave word on either the vandalism-in-progress page or the admin noticeboard. I've seen some real guile on the part of banned users, but this little monster just takes the flipping prize. Anyway, take care and drop me a yell if he shows up again. I'm going to semi-protect the articles he edited via the IP since his "pets" are already locked down. Later! --[[User:PMDrive1061|PMDrive1061]] ([[User talk:PMDrive1061|talk]]) 16:34, 4 June 2009 (UTC)

== Kenneth Pasternak ==

We worked on the [[Kenneth Pasternak]] article together a while back, and I wanted to let you know that an anon IP has made a number of changes today. Interestingly enough, that anon IP is registered to an investment group in new jersey that is......the subject of the article's newest business. The edits, ''for the most part'' appear to be alright and I haven't changed much other than a little style correction, but I'd appreciate having another set of familiar eyes on it. Thanks [[User:Shadowjams|Shadowjams]] ([[User talk:Shadowjams|talk]]) 20:24, 4 June 2009 (UTC)

== Sharmila Tagore ==

Hi, You've reverted the edit about the background of the actress, [[Sharmila Tagore]]. So i gave a reference, but you've labelled it with WP:COATRACK. We in India know the background of some of the actors, so out of our knowledge it was mentioned in the article. After it was removed saying it as unsourced, i gave it a reference of it in a leading newspaper. It is difficult to find content in the media on India related topics. We're working hard on India related topics, pls understand from our perspective. Thanks [[User:Randhirreddy|Randhir]] ([[User talk:Randhirreddy|talk]]) 07:12, 5 June 2009 (UTC)

== WP:PEACOCK ==

So you will teach me what WP:PEACOCK is? Well, thanks. That's what the article does? Saying that a film is successful is NOT a peacock. It's merely a fact when it's properly sourced. And your reason was not WP:PEACOCK, but apparently the use of IMDb, which you cited as being used for all the claims. Do not change articles drastically before you reach consensus on the talk page. And the quotes you cite are not at all relevant in this case. Nobody discusses Juhi Chawla's fame or greatness. It's all about the films. What's wrong about saying that film X was successful as long as it is sourced properly?!

You seemingly fight against POV, while clearly it's just a pretentious act to make yourself look as such. My advice, be a good editor, which you definitely are, without trying to go overboard. Oh, and read [[WP:BOLD]]. Instead of "cleaning up" articles and removing different things which are not sourced, try to source it, try to improve. I think you have noticed that everytime you added any tag, I took it in good faith and added sources. I expect you to be a part of the improvement. [[User:Shshshsh|'''''Shahid''''']] • ''[[User talk:Shshshsh|Talk'''2'''me]]'' 09:34, 8 June 2009 (UTC)
:IMDb is used only ONCE. I know IMDB is not reliable. But you removed all of them throughout, even when supported by reliable sources. [[User:Shshshsh|'''''Shahid''''']] • ''[[User talk:Shshshsh|Talk'''2'''me]]'' 11:41, 8 June 2009 (UTC)
::Because you removed them THROUGHOUT, not only in the IMDb part. [[User:Shshshsh|'''''Shahid''''']] • ''[[User talk:Shshshsh|Talk'''2'''me]]'' 11:50, 8 June 2009 (UTC)

:::You give me time? LOL!! That was a good one I must say. [[User:Shshshsh|'''''Shahid''''']] • ''[[User talk:Shshshsh|Talk'''2'''me]]'' 13:56, 8 June 2009 (UTC)

== Can you help me? ==

Can you help me, TheRedPenOfDoom? I need your help to delete an article, with a non-containing information. The article is ''[[Angus, Thongs and Perfect Snogging]]''. It only contains <code><nowiki>I love Aaron Johnson</nowiki></code>. Thank you, [[User:World Cinema Writer|World Cinema Writer]] ([[User talk:World Cinema Writer|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/World Cinema Writer|contributions]]) 12:49, 8 June 2009 (UTC)

== Sorry, My mistake. ==

Oh, I'm sorry for disturbing you. I really didn't knew about that. Regards, [[User:World Cinema Writer|World Cinema Writer]] ([[User talk:World Cinema Writer|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/World Cinema Writer|contributions]]) 11:16, 9 June 2009 (UTC)

== Fantasy authors/worlds/series ==

Can you please do some research before deleting additions that link to [[non-existent pages]]. I took you at face value before, but after looking into your edits, a good 1 in 4 of them were completely notable additions to the articles. Thank you. [[User:Alan16|'''Alan''''''16''']] [[User talk:Alan16|'''talk''']] 12:36, 9 June 2009 (UTC)

:Any good faith I had in your edits is now almost gone. If '''you''' did some reserach you would realise that it was a mistaken internal link and nothing more. [http://www.fantasticfiction.co.uk/m/richard-monaco/ Richard Monaco] is a Pulitzer Prize nominated author, for the novel [[Parsival or a Knight's Tale]]. [[User:Alan16|'''Alan''''''16''']] [[User talk:Alan16|'''talk''']] 12:45, 9 June 2009 (UTC)

::You can have your Rodriguez and the Virtual Knight's one. I really don't care enough about them to argue for them. However I will not let you delete a novel which was nominated for a pulizer prize. [http://www.fantasticfiction.co.uk/m/richard-monaco/ One of the best known sources for info on Fantasy Fiction]. [http://greatsfandf.com/AUTHORS/RichardMonaco.php You may want to search for the word "Pulitzer" as it is mentioned but it is not the main point of the page]. [http://www.pace.edu/press/info/briggs.htm Again, search for "Pulitzer"]. [http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/search-handle-url/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_1?_encoding=UTF8&search-type=ss&index=books&field-author=Richard%20Monaco] and [http://www.amazon.co.uk/s/ref=nb_ss_w_h_?url=search-alias%3Daps&field-keywords=parsival+or+a+knight%27s+tale&x=0&y=0] show some notablility for the author. Also, I would like to know what you think of my [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_fantasy_novels&diff=295470886&oldid=295466460 removing of the extra info]. Regards. [[User:Alan16|'''Alan''''''16''']] [[User talk:Alan16|'''talk''']][[User:Alan16/count|'''count''']] 09:40, 10 June 2009 (UTC)

:::I would agree with you, if there was not a [[WP:CONSENSUS|consensus]] amongst reviewers and biographers. I think the obvious thing to do in this case is to follow the evidence, and the evidence points to him being a Pulitzer nominee. Regards. [[User:Alan16|'''Alan''''''16''']] [[User talk:Alan16|'''talk''']][[User:Alan16/count|'''count''']] 13:52, 10 June 2009 (UTC)

::::Well we can argue about the veracity of the Pulitzer claims, but in engaging in this argument we have both acknowledged its notability, so Richard Monaco clearly deserves his place in the article. Regards. [[User:Alan16|'''Alan''''''16''']] [[User talk:Alan16|'''talk''']][[User:Alan16/count|'''count''']] 23:18, 10 June 2009 (UTC)

:::::[http://books.google.com/books?id=TVBZAAAAMAAJ&q=richard+monaco+pulitzer&dq=richard+monaco+pulitzer&pgis=1][http://books.google.com/books?id=z2lZAAAAMAAJ&q=richard+monaco+pulitzer&dq=richard+monaco+pulitzer] These people published the statement "Richard Monaco... Pulitzer nominee". The argument that is an urban myth can only be taken so far - and who the hell would start that urban myth? It is mentioned in numerous sources, many reliable. Just because it isn't on the Pulitzer website, does not mean it did not happen. One reliable source does not outweigh 3 or 4. Regards. [[User:Alan16|'''Alan''''''16''']] [[User talk:Alan16|'''talk''']][[User:Alan16/count|'''count''']] 23:31, 10 June 2009 (UTC)

== Daily Mail Vandalism ==

Sorry to trouble you but an anonymous user is making unconstructive edits to the Daily Mail article again. I cannot revert it as I would breach the Three-Revert-Rule. I have warned them but they are persisting in making alterations. Thank You [[User:Christian1985|Christian1985]] ([[User talk:Christian1985|talk]]) 17:34, 9 June 2009 (UTC)
PS. Is there any way I can report it to administrators as it is a University account address. I am unsure of how to report them [[User:Christian1985|Christian1985]] ([[User talk:Christian1985|talk]]) 17:40, 9 June 2009 (UTC)

== vandalism ==

Please do not vandalise articles as you did at [[List of leaders of micronations]]. There is no "duplication of content" as you claim. There are 2 totally separate articles with 2 totally separate sets of data, both of which are part of an established larger series of similar articles. Your changes do not reflect consensus. If you wish to change consensus, please discuss on the appropriate talk pages. --[[Special:Contributions/203.166.245.85|203.166.245.85]] ([[User talk:203.166.245.85|talk]]) 13:20, 11 June 2009 (UTC)
:note - TRPoD's changes were in no way vandalism. This is a spurious accusation by the IP. --'''[[User:Ckatz|Ckatz]]'''''[[User_talk:Ckatz|chat]][[Special:Contributions/Ckatz|spy]]'' 16:28, 11 June 2009 (UTC)
::This IP is also [[User:Gene Poole]], similar to the 124.170.58.xx IP's that have been making the same changes over the last few days. [[User:Hiberniantears|Hiberniantears]] ([[User talk:Hiberniantears|talk]]) 16:32, 11 June 2009 (UTC)
:::There is nothing "spurious" in the accusation. The removal of content from wikipedia without discussion, a sustainable policy-based rationale or demonstrable consensus constitutes vandalism. --[[Special:Contributions/203.166.245.85|203.166.245.85]] ([[User talk:203.166.245.85|talk]]) 21:44, 11 June 2009 (UTC)

== IE ==

Good evening. I left a message to you on [[User talk:12.130.118.19]], as the matter was the most topical there. Feel free to reply there or here (though please not on my own talk page, three relevant locations would make matters too confusing.) --[[User:Kizor|Kiz]][[Special:Contributions/Kizor|o]][[User_talk:Kizor|r]] 22:08, 12 June 2009 (UTC)

== Duplication of content ==

If it was duplicated, then why was the list merged in its entirety into the original article? That would seem to be creating a self-duplication scenario. [[User talk:Orderinchaos|Orderinchaos]] 03:02, 14 June 2009 (UTC)
: No worries :) [[User talk:Orderinchaos|Orderinchaos]] 03:58, 14 June 2009 (UTC)

== Mohanlal ==

Hi, it seems you are putting zero effort to find sources before deleting the material from the [[Mohanlal]] article. Though the burden of providing the sources are onto the editor who adds the material, the editor who removes the material from the article can also try to look for the sources. Also, in a BLP only the unsourced negative information are usually deleted aggressively. [[User:Salih|Salih]] [[User talk:Salih|(talk)]] 16:43, 14 June 2009 (UTC)

It was okay, I was just wondering that the article would reduced to a stub :) [[User:Salih|Salih]] [[User talk:Salih|(talk)]] 17:12, 14 June 2009 (UTC)

== Priyanka Chopra ==

My mistake. [[User:Shshshsh|'''''Shahid''''']] • ''[[User talk:Shshshsh|Talk'''2'''me]]'' 17:22, 14 June 2009 (UTC)

== Image:Mohanlal Exclusive.jpg ==

I got the original photo that is too large with many other photos in one poster from the original person who took the photo. So i cut it and provide more lights and works in different parts. So i upload it as entirely my own work. If such type of photos are there how should i upload it. Please help me. Like this one that i upload the photo [[Image:Lt Col Mohanlal]]. Please help me that u told that some copyright issues are there. Thank u ---> [[User_talk:Saj2009]] 16:47, 15 June 2009

== Wikipedia Art controversy ==

The [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Wikipedia Art controversy (2nd nomination)|AFD discussion]] seems a bit stalled. Would you mind considering the question I put under your "merge" comment. The article could be deleted, or redirected, or merged to a couple of different places, and I'm not sure what you prefer. Thanks – no need to reply. [[User:Johnuniq|Johnuniq]] ([[User talk:Johnuniq|talk]]) 23:14, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

== Organization XIII ==

Hi- A number of months ago [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Organization_XIII&diff=253632154&oldid=253547284 you tagged] the article [[Organization XIII]] as in-universe style. I've been working on the article for its [[Talk:Organization XIII/GA1|GA re-assessment]], and was wondering if you could take a look at the article again. Any comments you may have would be appreciated. Thank you. ([[User:Guyinblack25|Guyinblack25]] [[User talk:Guyinblack25|talk]] 20:07, 17 June 2009 (UTC))
:Much appreciated. Thanks for the input. ([[User:Guyinblack25|Guyinblack25]] [[User talk:Guyinblack25|talk]] 13:46, 22 June 2009 (UTC))

== Help- Uploading ==

Hi, you have warned me for uploading some images. Please help me that how can i upload images under what rights like images saved from internet, screenshots, capture from powerdvd & the images that i don't know the correct sources etc. I have many images that i would like to upload in wikipedia fo several articles. Thank you. [[User:Saj2009|Saj2009]] ([[User talk:Saj2009|talk]]) 11:05, 21 June 2009

== AfD nomination of Pressure and Safety Systems ==

<div class="floatleft" style="margin-bottom:0">[[File:Ambox warning pn.svg|42px]]</div>An article that you have been involved in editing, [[Pressure and Safety Systems]], has been listed for [[Wikipedia:Deletion policy|deletion]]. If you are interested in the deletion discussion, please participate by adding your comments at [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/{{str trim|Pressure and Safety Systems}}]]. Thank you.{{-}}Please contact me if you're unsure why you received this message. [[User:Who then was a gentleman?|Who then was a gentleman?]] ([[User talk:Who then was a gentleman?|talk]]) 05:58, 22 June 2009 (UTC)

== Global Cool ==

Thank you, as I am new to Wikipedia and I was unaware that editing our own information was not in keeping with the wikipedia protocols. It is just that the information which is being reverted to is out of date and no longer relevant to our campaigns. Hence the changes were initiated by us as no one else was doing so. What do you advise?[[User:Bob Stamegna|Bob Stamegna]] ([[User talk:Bob Stamegna|talk]]) 08:00, 22 June 2009 (UTC)
== Pun ==

Hi, you removed the paragraph
:[[Gag name]]s based on puns (such as calling a character who is always almost late ''Justin Thyme'') can be found in many works, such as [[William Shakespeare|Shakespeare]]'s ''[[Hamlet]]'', [[Piers Anthony]]'s [[Xanth]] novels, [[Albert Uderzo|Uderzo]] and [[René Goscinny|Goscinny]]'s ''[[Asterix]]'' albums, and the ''[[Carmen Sandiego]]'' series of [[computer game]]s.
with the comment "stop edit warring and WP:PROVEIT". I can't understand that comment. The examples were there precisely to serve as evidence for the assertion "Gag names ... can be found on many works" (clearly we need more than just one example to justify the "many"). The linked-to articles confirm that those works contain many gag names. Since those statements are about published works, the works themselves are definitive references. What other references are needed?. All the best, --[[User:Jorge Stolfi|Jorge Stolfi]] ([[User talk:Jorge Stolfi|talk]]) 21:03, 22 June 2009 (UTC)
:You say that
::all content involving analysis and interpretation must be [[WP:V|attributed]] to a [[WP:RS|reliable third party source]], and not a Wikipedia editor's [[WP:OR|original research]]. The fact that any of the authors actually used this form of punning must be shown to have been identified by a third party source with appropriate [[WP:CITE|citation]]. Does that help clarify my edit summary?
:Perhaps. According to your interpretation of the Wikipedia rules, an editor who has read ''Hamlet'' cannot just write "In Sakespeares's "Hamlet", the main character eventually dies", because that would be original research. He must find some other book that says so. And presumably, just to be on the safe side, he should also also find a third book that says that the second book says that. Sigh. I must have wasted 20-30 hours of my life copy-editing the [[Pun]] article to bring it from garbage state to something vaguely resembling an Encyclopedia article. I actually added little material of my own --- mostly cleaned up what was there, and deleted stuff that was clearly inappropriate or redundant. However, I did try to retain anything that was relevant and of whose correctness I had no reason to doubt. (The note on gag names, in particular, is not mine.) But I feel quite stupid now. Perhaps I should stop doing constructive edits and just go about deleting anthing that other people have written which I do not know whether it is true or false, without bothering to check them myself. Not only is deleting much easier than writing, but is must be more gratifying, too. It must be fun to watch the reaction of the editors who had their work deleted. If I manage to be sufficiently rude in my edit remarks, I may even be able to get a few prolific editors to quit WP in disgust. Who knowns, I may even earn a barn star that way... 8-( All the best, --[[User:Jorge Stolfi|Jorge Stolfi]] ([[User talk:Jorge Stolfi|talk]]) 01:07, 23 June 2009 (UTC)

== An Invite to join Novels WikiProject ==

<div style="margin: 0.5em; border: 2px lightsteelblue solid; background: whitesmoke; padding: 1em;" >
{|
|-
|[[Image:Book collection.jpg|right|48px|]]
Hi, you are cordially invited to join the [[WP:NOVELS|Novels WikiProject]]! As you may have guessed, we're a group of editors working to improve Wikipedia's coverage of topics related to fiction books often referred to as "Novels". We make no length distinction so all narrative prose fiction is of interest. This includes Novels, novellas, novelettes and short stories. Articles about the works themselves and the forms and genres.
|-
{{#if:|
{{!}}As you have shown an interest in '''[[]]''' we thought you might like to take an interest in this well established WikiProject.
}}
|-
{{#ifeq:|yes|
{{!}}You might like to take an extra interest in our '''[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels/19th century task force|19th century task force]]'''
}}
|-
{{#ifeq:|yes|
{{!}}You might like to take an extra interest in our '''[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels/Australian task force|Australian task force]]'''
}}
|-
{{#ifeq:|yes|
{{!}}You might like to take an extra interest in our '''[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels/Chronicles of Narnia|Chronicles of Narnia task force]]'''
}}
|-
{{#ifeq:|yes|
{{!}}You might like to take an extra interest in our '''[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels/Crime task force|Crime task force]]'''
}}
|-
{{#ifeq:yes|yes|
{{!}}You might like to take an extra interest in our '''[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels/Fantasy task force|Fantasy task force]]'''
}}
|-
{{#ifeq:|yes|
{{!}}You might like to take an extra interest in our '''[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels/Lemony Snicket task force|Lemony Snicket task force]]'''
}}
|-
{{#ifeq:|yes|
{{!}}You might like to take an extra interest in our '''[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels/Percy Jackson task force|Percy Jackson task force]]'''
}}
|-
{{#ifeq:|yes|
{{!}}You might like to take an extra interest in our '''[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels/Shannara task force|Shannara task force]]'''
}}
|-
{{#ifeq:|yes|
{{!}}You might like to take an extra interest in our '''[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels/Short story task force|Short story task force]]'''
}}
|-
{{#ifeq:|yes|
{{!}}You might like to take an extra interest in our '''[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels/Science fiction task force|Science fiction task force]]'''
}}
|-
{{#ifeq:|yes|
{{!}}You might like to take an extra interest in our '''[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels/Sword of Truth task force|Sword of Truth task force]]'''
}}
|-
{{#ifeq:|yes|
{{!}}You might like to take an extra interest in our '''[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels/Twilight task force|Twilight task force]]'''
}}
|-
|We look forward to welcoming you to the project! [[User:Alan16|Alan16]] ([[User talk:Alan16|talk]]) 21:07, 22 June 2009 (UTC)
|}
</div>

== Suggestion ==

It's probably a good idea to leave [[User talk:173.79.58.33]] alone. Reverting the removal of the whois is really just [[meta:What is a troll?|feeding the troll]]. The whois is very non-specific and mostly useless. If the IP continues to edit in a manner that indicates sockpuppetry, we can handle it from that end. Let's leave the user and talk pages alone. -- Mufka [[User:Mufka|(u)]] [[User talk:Mufka|(t)]] [[Special:Contributions/Mufka|(c)]] 17:39, 24 June 2009 (UTC)

== Need help ==

Hey, what's up? I got a question. Are you allowed to use Youtube as a source for a singer's vocal range? I'm on the Freddie Mercury page, and some users and I have founds videos on youtube sourcing Freddie Mercury's range (F2-F5 Full voice and up to E6 in falsetto). We know this is accurate (because of the sound samples and we are major Queen fans). There is an ongoing war on the page about this. Could you add your input on the talk page at the article? Thanks.--[[User:Greg D. Barnes|Greg D. Barnes]] ([[User talk:Greg D. Barnes|talk]]) 22:52, 24 June 2009 (UTC)

Thank you for your input on my talk page. The videos in question are not live performances, but rather a collection of notes he has hit. For example, the videos are a collection of song samples with the name of the song and the note he has note (example: "Hammer To Fall"-C#5). One particular youtube user named "RangeVocal" has his entire channel dedicated to various singers' ranges.

Here's a video in question:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7KY8Z69Oowc&feature=related

Here's his page:
http://www.youtube.com/user/RangeVocal
--[[User:Greg D. Barnes|Greg D. Barnes]] ([[User talk:Greg D. Barnes|talk]]) 00:52, 25 June 2009 (UTC)

All right, thanks for the heads up!--[[User:Greg D. Barnes|Greg D. Barnes]] ([[User talk:Greg D. Barnes|talk]]) 22:23, 25 June 2009 (UTC)

== San Francisco tiger attacks ==

Your reasons are utterly spurious. You have deleted all references to information that was widely reported upon, and considered germane to the investigation. You are not the arbiter of history. Reach consensus before deleting again - there are more users in favour of keeping that information than in favour of deleting. WP:Consensus. [[Special:Contributions/99.245.37.46|99.245.37.46]] ([[User talk:99.245.37.46|talk]]) 12:57, 25 June 2009 (UTC)

== Siddique-Lal page ==

I see that you removed the contents of [[Siddique-Lal]] and redirected it to [[Siddique (director)]]. I wonder how you would give importance to only one of the duo, while both are equally popular and known. Why can't an article on [[Siddique-Lal]] exist? Is it against any Wiki policy? -- [[User:Sreejith Kumar|Sreejith Kumar]] ([[User talk:Sreejith Kumar|talk]]) 08:48, 27 June 2009 (UTC)

== Angus burgers ==

Good call: [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=McDonald%27s_products&diff=299031969&oldid=299031107]. I should have seen that myself. [[User:Unschool|'''Un''']][[User talk:Unschool|'''sch''']][[Special:Contributions/Unschool|'''ool''']] 01:57, 28 June 2009 (UTC)

== CN Real ==

My edits were reverting vandalism and promotional items, and the article was horribly written. I would have not created the article in the first place, so I've redirected it to a section in the network's article instead because there's no way this block will reach any kind of critical or viewer mass. Thanks for acting. '''[[User:Mrschimpf|Nate]]''' • ''([[User_talk:Mrschimpf|chatter]])'' 23:52, 29 June 2009 (UTC)

== [[Corretta Lipp]] ==

Mate, I wouldn't delete the best part of a page just because it was mainly unsourced. Do this some more and someone is gonna give you a vandalism warning, which to be honest, no one really wants. [[User:Alaphent|Alaphent]] ([[User talk:Alaphent|talk]]) 01:08, 30 June 2009 (UTC)
: In response to the message on my page regarding this article, I would say that if you can provide some sources either refuting or supporting any of the information that you blanked I would fully support any edits that you made. However, there has been none of this so therefore the information already contained within the article should be left to stand...IMHO..[[User:Alaphent|Alaphent]] ([[User talk:Alaphent|talk]]) 01:14, 30 June 2009 (UTC)

[[Image:Nuvola apps important.svg|25px]] Please stop your disruptive editing. If you continue to [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalize]] Wikipedia, {{#if:Ling Woo|as you did at [[:Ling Woo]],}} you will be [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked from editing]]. 
[[User:Alaphent|Alaphent]] ([[User talk:Alaphent|talk]]) 01:11, 30 June 2009 (UTC)

Please stop vandalising Ally Mcbeal related pages.I'm completely unbiased here; I've never even watched a single episode, but it is obvious that you are blatently vandalising wikipedia. So STOP IT! Before someone with a slower temper than me looks at the recent changes and gets pissed off. Consider this a level 0.5 warning against vandalism. [[User:Alaphent|Alaphent]] ([[User talk:Alaphent|talk]]) 01:19, 30 June 2009 (UTC)

Trying to help you here, perhaps try this template

{{unreferenced}}

: The aim is to improve an article, not to remove it entirely. Any information is good information. If it is sourced, then that is creditable information and that is what should be on wikipedia. But, I have just spent a while reading into this topic with a bit of googling and tbh if you wanted to improve these articles, all the information you want is pretty much citable on the first page of results. I admit, I know nothing about this topic and you probably know more than I. This means that you should be able to improve these articles with a fair minimum of effort compared to most people. So go for it...As wikipedia says BE BOLD! [[User:Alaphent|Alaphent]] ([[User talk:Alaphent|talk]]) 01:28, 30 June 2009 (UTC)

: I think you may have misread the above comment. I said "If it is sourced, than that is creditable information and that is what should be on wikepedia". I feel that I need to make my point in clearer terms. If information seems to be unsourced do you not think that it is better to find a source that supports or refutes it and then make an edit based upon that? Edits are generally made with good intent. If you profess to know about this subject matter, then it should be easy work to provide a reference either way. I see neither. [[User:Alaphent|Alaphent]] ([[User talk:Alaphent|talk]]) 01:36, 30 June 2009 (UTC)

It would actually also seem that you have three accounts, each having a very similar reference to another. One of these has been banned indefinately. I think this is worth mentioning here [[User:Alaphent|Alaphent]] ([[User talk:Alaphent|talk]]) 01:44, 30 June 2009 (UTC)

Look mate, I've seriously been trying to help. I've just added unreferenced tags to the top of several articles that you have blanked, maybe you should consider starting a discussion on the talk pages of the concerned articles? [[User:Alaphent|Alaphent]] ([[User talk:Alaphent|talk]]) 01:58, 30 June 2009 (UTC)

== Articles about living people - Lindsey Graham ==

The Ally McBeal fight is kinda funny in it insignifcance. But [[WP:BLP|articles about living people]] are a completely different thing DO NOT add unsourced content as you did to [[Lindsey Graham]]. -- [[User talk:TheRedPenOfDoom|The Red Pen of Doom]] 02:29, 30 June 2009 (UTC)

:Mate, I'm fairly new here, I've tried to be civil and all. I just hope that anyone who takes the time to read through this issue will make a complete job of it. [[User:Alaphent|Alaphent]] ([[User talk:Alaphent#top|talk]]) 02:54, 30 June 2009 (UTC)
:EDIT - I '''added''' no information. I simply undid a deletion of information that should probably have been mentioned on the talk page prior to any deletion. [[User:Alaphent|Alaphent]] ([[User talk:Alaphent|talk]]) 02:57, 30 June 2009 (UTC)

== ANI response ==

In response to [[Wikipedia:Administrators'_noticeboard/Incidents#RedPenOfDoom]]:

User [[User talk:TheRedPenOfDoom|The Red Pen of Doom]] does not appear to be guilty of vandalism in any form. This user is merely attempting to enforce policy as he/she sees it. It appears that the parties are having a content disagreement which is fairly routine on Wikipedia, and I recommend all parties resolve it on the relevant talk pages. In the event the issue cannot be resolved then there are numerous methods for resolving the dispute, such as [[WP:RFC]]. I also advise all parties to adhere to [[WP:CIVIL]]. Regards [[User:Manning Bartlett|Manning]] ([[User talk:Manning Bartlett|talk]]) 03:20, 30 June 2009 (UTC)

== Kamal Haasan ==

Hi, I do understand your point and I will just improve the current version, but I do feel a bit upset that you approached me in that manner. After all, I did write 80% of the article :) [[User:Universal Hero|Universal Hero]] ([[User talk:Universal Hero|talk]]) 12:07, 30 June 2009 (UTC)
:Hi, you might have misunderstood, I am not a new editor. Don't remove sources and threaten blockings. [[User:Universal Hero|Universal Hero]] ([[User talk:Universal Hero|talk]]) 22:53, 3 July 2009 (UTC)

== BDay Cake!! ==

Hello, R-POD. Admittedly this article is a bit farcical, and I wrote it with the intention of being so...every now and then someone comes along and corrects my citations etc. My apologies for the quick revert, but that is how i usually respond to such rehauls (in hopes that that rehauler will not notice) in order to preserve the meaningfulness of the article (as a parody of wikipedia, which is *ironically* valid). However, this particular rehauler did notice, and I have no choice but to address your rehaul seriously. I perused your edits; some i agreed with and others not - I will look over them when I have time, reedit, and hopefully we can come to a consensus. If you are not too busy, I would appreciate some help with citations on one of my more serious articles [[bangladesh famine of 1974]]. Thanks, mmm. {{Unsigned2|2009-07-01T01:42:31|Mineminemine}}
: I have reviewed your corrections and found them to be ridiculous. You have without reason removed large sections of text - many of which are properly sourced. I would suggest that you read the sources and . Your edits thusfar have not been constructive but destructive - "in bad faith" as I believe wikipedia calls it. I will re-edit again this time with my arguments. I am sorry if, I sound brash, but you must understand this from my point of view - I spent considerable time doing research for this article and without reasonable cause, you remove the majority of it. Again, while agree with some of your points, you have not taken any time to help improve the article, but have simply removed sections which you disagree with. As I understand, this is not in the spirit of wikipedia and in any case removes important information which is valid. While I admit that I do not understand wiki protocol completely, you could at least explain and as per my request help me to improve the article rather than cannibalizing it. Thanks. —Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Mineminemine|Mineminemine]] ([[User talk:Mineminemine|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mineminemine|contribs]]) 00:33, 18 July 2009 (UTC) 

: actually, take a look at my contributions and you will realise that a) i am fairly new to wikipedia and b) yes, I actually have been quite constructive. As for this article, I am slightly offended that you just did a revert, erasing all of my changes (I had added to and rearranged parts of the article to try to correct my citation errors. I went line by line and explained why the information was relevant/correctly cited ) and without at least responding to my explanations. The main academic citation comes from an academic article by Cherasky (2000) published in gastronomica (I'll admit I didn't give a proper citation, just listing the website). Most of the material refers in some way to Cherasky; unfortunately, this source is one which you have removed, though i'm sure it's in the history. I would appreciate if you could reply to my comments and explain your edits. Thanks and I hope we can work through this amicably;- for myself, I hope to improve my wikipedia skills, as I intend to continue contributing. signed, mineminemine (by the way, how does one sign one's name?)

So my post has been on the discussion page and has not met contention, does this mean that information that points to that source can be returned?[[User:Mineminemine|Mineminemine]] ([[User talk:Mineminemine|talk]]) 20:25, 23 July 2009 (UTC)

== Grain of salt ==

Hello again, {{BASEPAGENAME}} … I'd like to request that Some Other Editor take a look at the [[Grain of salt#References|References section]] in '''{{la|Grain of salt}}''' … I think that the first one (for [[bartleby.com]]) is Just Plain Wrong (it's a generic catalog order page), but I don't have time to look for the intended article on the site. Happy Editing! — '''{{#if:138.88.93.15|{{User|138.88.93.15}}|[[Special:Contributions/138.88.93.15|138.88.93.15]] ([[User talk:138.88.93.15|talk]])}}''' 11:15, 2 July 2009 (UTC)
: {{Done}} … Thnx! — [[Special:Contributions/138.88.93.15|138.88.93.15]] ([[User talk:138.88.93.15|talk]]) 12:10, 2 July 2009 (UTC)

== Merge ==

I support the merge of [[Wardstone Chronicles]] into [[Joseph Delaney]]. You may as well go ahead if nobody objects soonish. [[User:Fences and windows|Fences]]&[[User talk:Fences and windows|Windows]] 13:47, 2 July 2009 (UTC)

== July 2009 ==

[[Image:Information.svg|25px]] Please refrain from making test edits in Wikipedia pages, {{#if:Tamil cinema| such as those you made to [[:Tamil cinema]],}} even if you intend to fix them later. Such edits appear to be [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalism]] and have been [[Help:Reverting|reverted]]. If you would like to experiment again, please use the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]]. Thank you. [[User:pearll's sun|'''Doctor muthu's muthu''']] [[User_talk:pearll's sun|wanna talk ?]] 23:06, 2 July 2009 (UTC)

== Civility ==

Hi, the owner of the site (Thekohser) has complained about your description of his site as "pure self promotion […] or hatchet jobs" and "a cesspool of the internets [sic]". Regardless of whether the site deserves such epithets, they're not really necessary in a civil discussion. Please, deal with him civilly no matter your dislike of him or his website. {{[[User:Nihiltres|Nihiltres]]|[[User talk:Nihiltres|talk]]|[[Special:Contributions/Nihiltres|edits]]}} 15:16, 4 July 2009 (UTC)

== David Ferguson (impresario) ==

The [[WP:BLP]], [[David Ferguson (impresario)]], has been tagged with a lot of templates by two editors who have a long history of negative edits on this article. Could you be kind enough to take a look at the text, citations, and templates and share your views? There is also a posting on the [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons/Noticeboard]] about these templates. I'm writing to you because you've expressed interest in this article before and I think help is needed about a [[NPOV]]. Thank you. --[[User:Debora999|deb]] ([[User talk:Debora999|talk]]) 19:44, 4 July 2009 (UTC)

: Thanks for checking out the [[David Ferguson (impresario)]] article. Per your advice, I've made edits to address the [[WP:Peacock]] [[template]]; after I removed the corresponding banner I also left a post on the article's discussion page. --[[User:Debora999|deb]] ([[User talk:Debora999|talk]]) 06:19, 16 July 2009 (UTC)
I just wanted to let you know that I've done some edits and removed some banner templates on the [[David Ferguson (impresario)]] article, per your comments (thanks again for your assistance.) [[User:Debora999|deb]] ([[User talk:Debora999|talk]]) 04:44, 20 July 2009 (UTC)

== Removal of link to Summa Logicae book III part 1 ==

[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sum_of_Logic&diff=prev&oldid=300240143 This] was bizarre. It's well known in medieval circles that until a few months ago the only scanned versions of this famous and important medieval work were books I and II. To increase the sum of human knowledge available on the net I scanned in book III part 1, corrected the many scanning errors in the Latin and checked against the original, and placed on MyWikiBiz. There is no other source for this work on the net. Please help by not removing that link, which will be valuable for medieval scholars who do not have access to this work in print (the critical edition was in 1964 and many libraries do not have it). [[User:Peter Damian|Peter Damian]] ([[User talk:Peter Damian|talk]]) 06:32, 5 July 2009 (UTC)
: Please read what I said. There is no other source of this part of the work ''on the net''. That is true. [[User:Peter Damian|Peter Damian]] ([[User talk:Peter Damian|talk]]) 06:42, 5 July 2009 (UTC)
:: PS I have reverted your revert. Your objection is ludicrous. There are actually two points at issue - the link to MWB, and the footnotes. Footnotes are really unnecessary here. It is merely a list of chapter headings and a summary of contents. [[User:Peter Damian|Peter Damian]] ([[User talk:Peter Damian|talk]]) 06:45, 5 July 2009 (UTC)
::: If you are going to remove books III, why not books I and II? These are also online sources that cannot be verified. 99% of stuff would then disappear from Wikipedia. [[User:Peter Damian|Peter Damian]] ([[User talk:Peter Damian|talk]]) 06:46, 5 July 2009 (UTC)

== Wars_in_A_Song_of_Ice_and_Fire ==

An article you recently edited [[Wars_in_A_Song_of_Ice_and_Fire]] has been nominated for deletion. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Wars_in_A_Song_of_Ice_and_Fire] -- [[User talk:TheRedPenOfDoom|The Red Pen of Doom]] 20:00, 5 July 2009 (UTC)

Why? Cause you disagree with everyone else and now you pout?--[[User:Degen Earthfast|Degen Earthfast]] ([[User talk:Degen Earthfast|talk]]) 22:22, 6 July 2009 (UTC)

== Charlie Stewart ==

Thanks. Sometimes I feel like I am to Premiers of Alberta as [http://www.theonion.com/content/video/expert_on_anteaters_wasted_entire this guy] is to anteaters. [[User:Steve Smith|Steve Smith]] ([[User talk:Steve Smith|talk]]) (formerly Sarcasticidealist) 05:15, 7 July 2009 (UTC)

== Quidelines ==

Could you please comment about [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Rachel_Marsden&diff=prev&oldid=301714762 this], here on your Talk page? I'm truly fascinated. -- [[User:Thekohser|Thekohser]] 18:07, 12 July 2009 (UTC)
:"qu" seems to be permanently fused in my brain. it is a typo i freuqently make and have no idea why. -- [[User talk:TheRedPenOfDoom|The Red Pen of Doom]] 18:11, 12 July 2009 (UTC)

== HELP! ==

Please help me to lock the page as it kept getting vandalized and I know that I don't own the page but I am sure of what I wrote and someone previesouly changed a lot of things on my page and someone else later deleted everything. I will put everything back but again, please help me to fully protect the page or at least semi-protect it to keep it safe from non-member editors.
[[User:Bin Khater|Bin Khater]] —Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|undated]] comment added 20:04, 12 July 2009 (UTC). 

== Dear RedPenofDoom ==

Dear RPoD,

What I wrote in the [[Norm Coleman]] article was no mistake and it was in fact on purpose. Even though you reverted it which I strongly abhor, I do take offense to the fact that you try and whitewash my edit as a "test," which according to you "worked." Please verify in the future the intention of the edits that you revert so that you do not make a similar mistake.

Kindly yours,

[[Special:Contributions/61.213.76.87|61.213.76.87]] ([[User talk:61.213.76.87|talk]]) 08:55, 13 July 2009 (UTC)

==Torrid/ hot topic==
I'm attempting to change the articles to use a more neutral, definable, widely used term. This is not some "boo fat chicks" thing, it's a "boo, euphemisms" thing. —Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/79.97.98.207|79.97.98.207]] ([[User talk:79.97.98.207|talk]]) 00:55, 15 July 2009 (UTC) 

== blogs are reliable sources ==

Hi, I undid [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pioneer_Courthouse_Square&diff=302334137&oldid=302333460 your removal of sources] at [[Pioneer Courthouse Square]]. There isn't a lot of room in the editsummary, so I thought I'd post here. Both of those blogs are "offical" blogs of semi-respectable newspapers (alternative weeklies): [[Willamette Week]] and [[The Portland Mercury]].

It took me a while to find it, because it's a note on [[WP:V]], but footnote 4 begins as follows:
{{quote|"Blogs" in this context refers to personal and group blogs. Some newspapers host interactive columns that they call blogs, and these may be acceptable as sources so long as the writers are professionals and the blog is subject to the newspaper's full editorial control. (...)}}

Apologies if you were already familiar with this caveat. Cheers, [[User:Tedder|tedder]] ([[User talk:Tedder|talk]]) 01:33, 16 July 2009 (UTC)

== Need advice/help with [[VHS]] ==
Hi, I have a possible edit conflict with an anon user at the [[VHS]] article. Basically, he's entering unsourced information regarding purchasing VHS tapes at eBay. I've already told him that what he did was [[WP:OR|original research, reaching a conclusion on his own]], and that [[WP:RS|eBay is not a reliable source, but rather it is a garage sale]], and that anyone can find discontinued products there. I've already RV'd twice, and I don't want to approach the 3RR rule. Any help or advice would be appreciated. [[User:Groink|Groink]] ([[User talk:Groink|talk]]) 07:04, 16 July 2009 (UTC)
:Sorry, me again. [[VHS]] still needs your help. The anon is very persistent. [[User:Groink|Groink]] ([[User talk:Groink|talk]]) 22:09, 16 July 2009 (UTC)

== Gay bathhouse external links ==

Hi, with regard to your recent edit to {{article|Gay bathhouse}}, you probably missed the discussion on the talk page ([[Talk:Gay bathhouse#External links falling foul of WP:NOTDIRECTORY]]) on this very topic. I plan to reverse your edits on the basis that there has been plenty of time for prior discussion should you disagree with the original suggestion and a significant change such as this requires some reasonable discussion first. I understand that your concern may have been the most recent addition of an external link and I would not personally disagree with you removing it.—[[User:Teahot|Teahot]] ([[User talk:Teahot|talk]]) 11:53, 16 July 2009 (UTC)

== Thank you ==

for the welcome. I will let you know if anything goes awry. [[User:Dursty|Dursty]] ([[User talk:Dursty|talk]]) 01:25, 18 July 2009 (UTC)

== Where's the Betrayed page? ==

Yesterday, I wrote an article for the book ''Betrayed'' by P.C. Cast. But when I tried to get back to it today, it was gone. Can you help me?
By the way, thanks for welcoming me. --[[User:Bntz|Bntz]] ([[User talk:Bntz|talk]]) 06:54, 19 July 2009 (UTC)

==Formatting tables==
seabreeze 1001
how do you put a table of information on the left hand side of a wikipedia article —Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Seabreeze1001|Seabreeze1001]] ([[User talk:Seabreeze1001|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Seabreeze1001|contribs]]) 16:02, 19 July 2009 (UTC) 

== Roman Abramovich ==
OK, I'll stop. BTW, my intension was not to cause any offense to anyone. Thanks ;) --[[User:Bugnot|Bugnot]] ([[User talk:Bugnot|talk]]) 20:49, 19 July 2009 (UTC)

== if you're in the neighborhood ==

I am considering going live with [[User:MichaelQSchmidt/sandbox/National Fibromyalgia Association]]. I'm feeling pretty good about 10 hours of work. Please take a look and advise of any concerns. Thank you, [[User:MichaelQSchmidt|MichaelQSchmidt]] ([[User talk:MichaelQSchmidt|talk]]) 07:48, 20 July 2009 (UTC)

==Andy Murray==

I'm taking this onto your page - I think the users on the Andy Murray page have long since formed the view that you and I are unlikely to agree.

:"We cannot be everything to everyone. I'd be grateful if you could show me where that is written on WP:NOT." - Well, if you really cant actually tell, very word of the page is dedicated to the premise that we cannot be everything to everyone and we focus on what makes us an encyclopedia. And while the site in question does contain "professional athlete statistics", it is not "a unique resource" for those stats.

No, I can't "actually tell" and I dislike being patronised quite so openly. What I can see, from your response, is that you have chosen to paraphrase WP:NOT into a single pithy line to suit your argument and somehow justify that as being a reason why one should not try to be "useful and helpful".[[User:David T Tokyo|David T Tokyo]] ([[User talk:David T Tokyo|talk]]) 03:38, 21 July 2009 (UTC)

:No, not deliberately obtuse (I'm not like that at all btw) and despite the collection of links, I still don't read it that way - although I can obviously see how some might. My angle on this has always been from the users side - a direction that I picked up from a lifetime in business. It's a shame we don't agree but not the end of the world. Let's leave it at that. [[User:David T Tokyo|David T Tokyo]] ([[User talk:David T Tokyo|talk]]) 04:35, 21 July 2009 (UTC)

== [[Lindsay Graham]] and "opinion piece" ==

Is there a Wikipedia policy which I am unaware of which forbids linking to opinion pieces, especially if the information is represented in the article as being a particular prominent person's opinion? Otherwise, your justification of your removal of the section seems unjustified.--[[User:Larrybob|Larrybob]] ([[User talk:Larrybob|talk]]) 06:18, 21 July 2009 (UTC)
:I think it would be of utility to other editors if this conversation continues at [[Talk:Lindsey Graham]]--[[User:Larrybob|Larrybob]] ([[User talk:Larrybob|talk]]) 18:02, 21 July 2009 (UTC)

== Andrew Peach ==

Hi. Have redirected the page to [[BBC Radio 2]], the thing he is most well known for, and I'll de-link him from there. As the page is permenantly protected protected we shouldn't have any problems with people trying to restore it. Cheers [[User:TheRetroGuy|TheRetroGuy]] ([[User talk:TheRetroGuy|talk]]) 08:32, 21 July 2009 (UTC)

== Gomolo ==

I have been seeing this too. They are flooding every page related to Indian Movies and Indian actors. I think we should be taking this too editors and stop their spam flooding. [[User:Nadesai|Nadesai]] ([[User talk:Nadesai|talk]]) 18:31, 22 July 2009 (UTC)

== Heidi Klum ==

This content is not originally mine and was posted by someone else. I was interested in this topic and saw many changes happen to it over time. The main poster apparently had this discussion with one of the editors 5-6 month ago and I helped out in the discussion. Finally, a consensus was achieved and the text was posted. Now, new editors came up and started deleting the text. As you might see in history, when original poster asked for explanation, he was not given any. Eventually, he left this topic alone claiming that the editors are racists and would not understand this. I asked for explanations and no one provided any. You left me with no choice but to start undoing the changes. When I did that you ask me for an explanation?

Please stop threatening me. My views are not biased, and if you think they are, please do correct them. Simply removing the content is not a solution, at least not in my opinion. Worst come worst, you block my IP. I have ways to fix that. Instead, I would ask the Indian community I moderate (with over 50000 members) to visit this page daily and undo the changes. I am not sure if you guys would really appreciate the effort you might have to put in to block over 50K IPs.

The goal here is not an edit war. Goal here is to come up with a consensus and that dialogue should happen from both sides. It really does not work that i do not explanation for deletions and you ask for explanations for me undoing the change. if you want to consider this a war, I will fight for what i think is right. —Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/72.204.51.40|72.204.51.40]] ([[User talk:72.204.51.40|talk]]) 01:17, 24 July 2009 (UTC) 

== Gackt ==

I don't know what and who you are, but Gackt Camui changed his stage name from Gackt to GACKT, go to his official web page, look at RR II tour or 10th anniversary countdown singles. All what I done, I am for his popularity.
He is from June GACKT and stop deleteing it! —Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/89.164.5.157|89.164.5.157]] ([[User talk:89.164.5.157|talk]]) 07:22, 24 July 2009 (UTC) 

== Hello, and thanks for the welcome ==

RPOD -- Hello, and thanks for the welcome, and the links. I really enjoyed the work that I did in the last couple of days. In particular, I've focused on editing pages devoted to fiction that I've read. I'd like to bring those pages a little more into line with Wikipedia's standards, but I'm not sure how to do so.

Do you have any advice on what information I can add to help the stub articles move up to start articles? Any suggestions on what would be good references for the reference section? I'm not asking for you to do my homework for me, just give me a smidge of inspiration.

Thanks!

--[[User:Elegantelbow|Elegantelbow]] ([[User talk:Elegantelbow|talk]]) 13:22, 24 July 2009 (UTC)

2009-07-24T09:57:51Z

Elegantelbow: /* Literature */

{{Infobox short story | 
| name = The Little Match Girl
| title_orig = Den Lille Pige med Svovlstikkerne
| translator =
| author = [[Hans Christian Andersen]]
| country = [[Denmark]]
| language = [[Danish language|Danish]]
| series =
| genre = [[Short story]]
| published_in = ''Dansk Folkekalender for 1846''
| publication_type =
| publisher =
| media_type = Print
| pub_date = December 1845
| english_pub_date =
| preceded_by =
| followed_by =
}}

'''"The Little Match Girl"''' ({{lang-da|Den Lille Pige med Svovlstikkerne}}, meaning "The little girl with the sulphur sticks") is a short story by [[Denmark|Danish]] [[poet]] and [[author]] [[Hans Christian Andersen]]. The story is about a dying child's hallucinations, and was first published in 1845. It has been [[adaptation|adapted]] to various media including [[animated film]], and a television musical.

==Plot summary==
[[Image:Bayes 1889.jpg|thumb|Bayes illustration, 1889]]
On a cold [[New Year’s Eve]], a poor girl tries to sell matches in the street. She is freezing badly, but she is afraid to go home because her father will beat her for not selling any matches. She takes shelter in a nook and lights the matches to warm herself. In their glow, she sees several lovely visions including a [[Christmas tree]] and a holiday feast. The girl looks skyward, sees a [[shooting star]], and remembers her deceased [[grandmother]] saying that such stars mean someone is dying. As she lights her next match, she sees a vision of her grandmother, the only person to have treated her with love and kindness. She strikes one match after another to keep the vision of her grandmother nearby for as long as she can. The child dies and her grandmother carries her soul to [[Heaven]]. The next morning, passers-by find the dead child in the nook, with rosy red cheeks and a smile on her face. They express sadness at her death and the burnt-out matches she must have used to warm herself, but they cannot know the wonderful visions she saw in her final moments or how gloriously she is celebrating the New Year with her grandmother.

==Source==
The source for the story was a widely popular woodcut illustration by the Danish artist Johan Thomas Lundbye depicting a poor child selling matches printed in a calendar for 1843; several illustrations had been sent to Andersen by the editor of an almanac requesting him to write a story around one.<ref>{{cite book |last=Tatar |first=Maria |title=The Annotated Hans Chrisitian Andersen |publisher=W.W. Norton |date=2008 |isbn=9780393060812}}</ref>

Another known inspiration for the story is the well known fairy tale [[The Star Money]] previously recorded by the [[Brothers Grimm]]. It is a story of a poor young girl who gives away everything that she has to the needy and ends up with nothing except her love for God. The Grimms' variation differs, ending with the girl remaining alive and receiving divine gifts (money that falls from the stars) for her charity.

==Publication==
"The Little Match Girl" was first published December 1845 in ''Dansk Folkekalender for 1846''. The work was re-published 4 March 1848 as a part of ''New Fairy Tales. Second Volume. Second Collection. 1848.'' (''Nye Eventyr. Andet Bind. Anden Samling. 1848.''), and again 18 December 1849 as a part of ''Fairy Tales. 1850.'' (''Eventyr. 1850.''). The work was also published 30 March 1863 as a part of ''Fairy Tales and Stories. Second Volume. 1863.'' (''Eventyr og Historier. Andet Bind. 1863.'')<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.andersen.sdu.dk/vaerk/register/info_e.html?vid=79 |publisher=Hans Christian Andersen Center |title=Hans Christian Andersen: The Little Match Girl}}</ref>

==Adaptations==
===Animated film===
* In 1928, "La Petite Marchande d'Allumettes" ("The Little Match Girl") by [[Jean Renoir]] was released (40-minute silent film).
* The [[Charles B. Mintz|Charles Mintz studio]] adapted "The Little Match Girl", including its grim ending, into a [[1937 in film|1937]] ''[[Color Rhapsodies]]'' animated short film, considered among the studio's best films. It was nominated for the 1937 [[Academy Award for Best Short Subject (Cartoons)]], losing to [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]]'s ''[[The Old Mill]]''.
* In [[1971 in film|1971]], [[Toei Animation]] released an animated film based on Andersen's works, entitled "Hans Christian Andersen no Sekai" ("The World of Hans Christian Andersen").
* In 2003, "The Little Match Girl" was made into an animated short film by Junho Chung for ''[[Fine Cut: KCET's Festival of Student Film]]''.
* In [[2005 in film|2005]], an adaptation of "The Little Match Girl" was released by [[ADV Films]] in ''[[Hello Kitty]] Animation Theater Vol. 3''.
* In 2006, Walt Disney Feature Animation finished production work on a new adaptation of "The Little Match Girl". The short was originally intended to be a part of a ''Fantasia'' film, but this project was canceled. ''[[The Little Matchgirl (film)|The Little Matchgirl]]'' is last of the four shorts from the aborted compilation to be developed as a standalone film. This short was subsequently released as a special feature on the 2006 Platinum Edition DVD of ''[[The Little Mermaid (1989 film)|The Little Mermaid]]''.
* In the 2005 anime series ''[[The Snow Queen (anime)|The Snow Queen]]'', based on another H.C. Andersen story, there is an episode entitled "The Little Match Girl" which retells the story in a variation.

===Music===
* [[David_Lang_(composer)|David Lang]] composed his ''The Little Match Girl Passion'' in 2007, with two sopranos, tenor and bass-baritone. This work earned Lang the [[Pulitzer Prize]] for music 2008.
* The German [[avant-garde]] composer [[Helmut Lachenmann]] has written an opera based on the story called ''Das Mädchen mit den Schwefelhölzern''.
* In 1995, german singer Meret Becker included the song "Das Mädchen mit den Schwefelhölzern" in her album Noctambule.
* In 2001, guitarist [[Loren Mazzacane Connors]] released the album ''The Little Match Girl'' based on the story.
* In 2001 the Hungarian band [[Tormentor]] wrote the song "The Little Match Girl," with lyrics based on the story.
* In 2002 [[GrooveLily]] released [[Striking 12]], a musical based on "The Little Match Girl".
* The story was also used as a basis for the band [[GrooveLily]]'s 2004 off-Broadway musical ''[[Striking 12]]''.
* [[Xiong Tian Ping]] the song 'Match Heaven' was performed by the Taiwanese pop artist Xiong Tian Ping in his debut album.
* [[Finland|Finnish]] [[symphonic metal]] band [[Nightwish]] released an album called [[Wishmaster (album)|Wishmaster]]. The song "Bare Grace Misery" contains the line "A Little Match Girl freezing in the snow."
* In 2005, [[Erasure]] made a music video of their song [[Breathe (Erasure_song)|"Breathe"]], based on a modern adaptation of the story.
*As described by art director Rob O'Connor, the artwork for the album ''A Winter Symphony'' by Sarah Brightman has the artist portraying an "exotic, beautiful...grown-up version of the little match girl."
* In 2002 [[Moppi Productions]] released the demo "Halla" which was heavily influenced by "The Little Match Girl".

===Television===
* In [[1974 in film|1974]], a contemporarized version set in [[Cincinnati]] was aired on [[WLWT]]. It featured a nine-year-old named [[Sarah Jessica Parker|Sarah Jessica Parker]] in the role of the title character.
* In 1987 British TV released "The Little Match Girl" a musical based on the original story. The cast included [[Twiggy]] and [[Roger Daltrey]].

===Literature===
* In 1996, ''[[Hogfather]]'', one of [[Terry Pratchett]]'s popular [[Discworld]] series of novels, gave the story a decidedly less morbid ending, thanks to the intervention of Death himself.
* ''La Vendedora de rosas'' (lit: "The Rose Seller") was a modern adaptation of Andersen's fairy tale in a very realistic, almost documentary form, a [[1998 in film|1998]] film directed by [[Víctor Gaviria]], with Leidy Tabares.
* In 2003, "The Little Match Girl" was adapted into a short story [[manga]] by Hans Tseng and was featured in the first volume of [[Tokyopop]]'s ''[[Rising Stars of Manga]]''.
* In [[Neil Gaiman]]'s [[2004 in literature|2004]] novella, "[[A Study in Emerald]]," the main characters view a set of three plays, one of which is a stage adaptation of the "Little Match Girl".
* A [[Spider-Man]] short story titled "Leah" about a homeless little girl who goes into a coma and is found by Spider-Man, the doctors inform Spider-Man she won't make it, as Spidey kisses Leah on the cheek he wishes her "sweet, sweet dreams"; Leah falls asleep looking at newspaper clippings of Spider-Man mirroring the girls death while looking into the matches. The story was originally in the [[Friendly Neighborhood Spider-Man]] Annual #1.
* [[Match_Girl_(short_story)|Match Girl]], a deeply disturbing 25-page short story by [[Anne Bishop]], published in [[Ruby Slippers, Golden Tears]] in 1995.

===Other===
* [[Suikoden III]], (2002), a video game for the Playstation 2, contains a highly-abridged play version of "The Little Match Girl". In the game, the player can cast characters in different roles and have them perform a shortened version of the story.
* "[[Resurrection of the Little Match Girl]]" is a 2003 Korean movie, by which the L.M.G. abbreviation of [[Light machine gun]] is somehow relevant.
* In the Japanese anime, [[Gakuen Alice]], the main character, [[Mikan Sakura]] puts on a play to earn money about The Little Match Girl.

== See also ==
*[[List of works by Hans Christian Andersen]]
*[[Vilhelm Pedersen]], first illustrator of Andersen's fairy tales

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*[http://www.andersen.sdu.dk/vaerk/hersholt/TheLittleMatchGirl_e.html "The Little Match Girl"] Jean Hersholt's English translation
*[http://www.adl.dk/adl_pub/vaerker/cv/e_vaerk/e_vaerk.xsql?ff_id=22&id=6319&hist=fmD&nnoc=adl_pub ''Den Lille Pige med Svovlstikkerne''] Original Danish text
*[http://www.surlalunefairytales.com/littlematchgirl/index.html Surlalune]: The Annotated Little Match Girl
*[http://literalsystems.org/abooks/index.php/Audio-Book/TheLittleMatchGirl "The Little Matchgirl"] Creative Commons audiobook
*[http://creative.bfi.org.uk/titles/504708.html "The Little Match Girl 1902 Adaptation (downloadable)"] at [http://www.bfi.org.uk The British Film Institute] Released as part of the Creative Archive
*[http://www.transpacificradio.com/2007/12/03/xmas4-pellegrini-little-match-girl-hans-christian-andersen-christmas-story/ Dramatic reading of "The Little Match Girl" with full text and notes] (Downloadable mp3 and streaming audio)
*[http://www.animationartconservation.com/little_matchgirl.html Shedding Light on the Little Matchgirl''] traces the path director Roger Allers and the Disney Studio took in adapting the Hans Christian Andersen story to animation.
*[http://www.carnegiehall.org/article/sound_insights/works/commissions/art_detail_TheLittleMatchGirlPassion_commissions.html David Lang's passion]
*[http://www.tonightsbedtimestory.com/the-little-match-girl/ English translation (full text) from "Andersen's Fairy Tales"]
*[http://www.littlematchgirl.com KIDOONS presents the Andersen fairy tale "The Little Match Girl"]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Little Match Girl, The}}
[[Category:1845 short stories]]
[[Category:Child characters in written fiction]]
[[Category:Fairy tales]]
[[Category:Works by Hans Christian Andersen]]

[[bg:Малката кибритопродавачка]]
[[ca:La petita venedora de llumins]]
[[de:Das kleine Mädchen mit den Schwefelhölzern]]
[[es:La pequeña cerillera]]
[[fr:La Petite Fille aux allumettes]]
[[hr:Djevojčica sa šibicama]]
[[is:Litla stúlkan með eldspýturnar]]
[[it:La piccola fiammiferaia (fiaba)]]
[[nl:Het meisje met de zwavelstokjes]]
[[ja:マッチ売りの少女]]
[[no:Piken med svovelstikkene]]
[[pl:Dziewczynka z zapałkami]]
[[sv:Flickan med svavelstickorna]]
[[vi:Cô bé bán diêm]]
[[zh:卖火柴的小女孩]]