https://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Perryso Wikipedia - User contributions [en] 2024-10-30T23:31:17Z User contributions MediaWiki 1.43.0-wmf.28 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carlos_Kleiber_discography&diff=983579205 Carlos Kleiber discography 2020-10-15T01:28:49Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Conductor discography}}<br /> {{Infobox artist discography<br /> | Artist = [[Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> | Image = Carlos Kleiber.png<br /> | Caption = <br /> | Studio = 9<br /> | 1Option = 75<br /> | 1Option name = Live recordings<br /> | 2Option = 19<br /> | 2Option name = Video recordings<br /> | 3Option = 2<br /> | 3Option name = Compilations<br /> | 4Option = 2<br /> | 4Option name = Posthumous documentaries<br /> }}<br /> <br /> Austrian [[Conducting|conductor]] [[Carlos Kleiber]] (1930–2004) only released nine [[Recording studio|studio]] [[album]]s over the course of his entire career.{{sfn|Clements|2010}} He was famous for his elusiveness, often canceling concerts on short notice and only appearing in 96 [[orchestra|orchestral]] concerts in addition to about 620 [[opera]] performances throughout his five-decade career.{{sfn|Barber|2001}} He was equally as hesitant with recordings, stating that &quot;every unproduced record is a good record&quot;,{{sfn|Evidon|2004}} and was described as not being able to &quot;bear the thought of listeners sitting at home with a score in their hands… identifying every mistake&quot;.{{sfn|Gutman|2017}} Often his hesitancy led to him forbidding the release of some recordings,{{sfn|Clark|2012}} although in the case of ''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' in 1982, it was done against his wishes.{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=298}} The nine studio albums he did produce include four operas and five [[Symphony|symphonies]] published by [[Deutsche Grammophon]], as well as a single [[piano concerto]] with [[EMI]]. Besides a 1979 recording of two [[Franz Schubert|Schubert]] [[Schubert's symphonies|symphonies]], each release was a single work. Each of his small number of studio recordings became critically acclaimed in its own right,{{sfn|Barber|2001}} with those of [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven's]] [[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|5th]] and [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|7th]] symphonies hailed as among the greatest [[classical music]] recordings ever made.{{sfn|Denby|2012}}{{sfn|Libbey|2009}} Following his abandonment of the studio in 1982,{{sfn|Evidon|2004}} Kleiber is remembered well by 75 or so live recordings,{{sfn|Clark|2012}} of which those of ''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' and [[Vienna New Year's Concert]]s have been especially praised.{{sfn|Gutman|2017}} Kleiber's contributions in the studio and stage secured his place as not only one of the most important 20th century conductors,{{sfn|Clements|2010}}{{sfn|Barber|2001}} but as one of the greatest of all time.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=17 March 2011 |title=Carlos Kleiber voted greatest conductor of all time |publisher=BBC Worldwide Press Releases |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/bbcworldwide/worldwidestories/pressreleases/2011/03_march/carlos_kleiber.shtml| accessdate=9 July 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Kleiber would not enter the recording studio until many years into his career where in 1975 he would abandon recordings of [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven's]] [[Piano Concerto No. 5 (Beethoven)|Piano Concerto No. 5]] with [[Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli|Arturo Michelangeli]] and ''[[La bohème]]'' at La Scala in 1979. He forced [[BBC]] to destroy a 1981 broadcast with the [[London Symphony Orchestra]] of Beethoven's Symphony No. 7, Schubert's [[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|Symphony Nos. 3]] and [[Carl Maria von Weber|Weber's]] overture to ''[[Der Freischütz]]'' after the performance received negative reviews.{{sfn|Barber|2013|pp=297–298}} Kleiber's first success came in 1983 when he produced a complete recording of ''Der Freischütz'' with [[Staatskapelle Dresden]], followed by recordings with the [[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] (VPO) of Beethoven's Symphony No. 5 in 1975 and No. 7 in 1976. Both symphonies received much praise,{{sfn|Denby|2012}}{{sfn|Libbey|2009}} with one reviewer commenting on the former that &quot;it was as if [[Homer]] had come back to recite the [[Iliad]]&quot;.{{sfn|Evidon|2004}} <br /> <br /> Around the mid-1970s Kleiber became closely associated with the [[Bavarian State Orchestra]], and although he abandoned a recording with them of [[Alban Berg|Berg's]] ''[[Wozzeck]]'' and [[Antonín Dvořák|Dvořák's]] [[Symphony No. 9 (Dvořák)|Symphony No. 9]],{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=300}} he subsequently released acclaimed recordings of ''[[Die Fledermaus]]'' by [[Johann Strauss II|Strauss II]] and ''[[La traviata]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi|Verdi]] in 1976 and 1977 respectively.{{sfn|Evidon|2004}} In 1977 Kleiber also released a recording of [[Antonin Dvořák|Dvořák's]] [[Piano Concerto (Dvořák)|Piano Concerto in G minor]], once again with the BSO but notably his only studio recording that was not with Deutsche Grammophon – with EMI instead{{sfn|Clements|2010}} – and the only one with a soloist, the pianist [[Sviatoslav Richter]], whom Kleiber &quot;especially loved the kindness of... and his refusal to conform or to explain his musical likes or dislikes&quot;.{{sfn|Clark|2012}} Kleiber would return to the VPO in late 1978, and release recordings of Schubert's [[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|Symphony Nos. 3]] and [[Symphony No. 8 (Schubert)|8 &quot;Unfinished&quot;]] the following year. These recordings were less acclaimed than earlier releases, especially the 3rd, but notable nonetheless.{{sfn|Clements|2010}} Kleiber would begin recording both [[Johannes Brahms|Brahms']] [[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] with the VPO and [[Richard Wagner|Wagner's]] ''Tristan und Isolde'' with Staatskapelle Dresden in 1980.{{sfn|Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon|2010|pp=4, 17, 19}} While the former would be released in 1981, the latter would continue recording until April 1982 when Kleiber walked out for unknown reasons.{{sfn|Evidon|2004}}{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=298}} It would be released later that year, to much admiration, especially for the daring yet successful pick of the young Welsh soprano [[Margaret Price]] as [[Iseult|Isolde]].{{sfn|Clark|2012}}{{sfn|Blyth|2004}}<br /> <br /> Almost all live recordings were published unofficially, the earliest of which is a 1960 recording with the [[NDR Elbphilharmonie Orchestra]] of [[Tafelmusik (Telemann)#3. Production|Suite in B flat major]] ([[Tafelmusik (Telemann)|Tafelmusik]]) by [[Georg Philipp Telemann]] and Cello Concerto in B flat major by [[Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach]]. His 75 recordings as a whole represent a limited repertoire; many recordings of the same piece, such as nine recordings of both Beethoven's 4th and 7th symphonies, ''Der Rosenkavalier'', eight recordings of ''Tristan und Isolde'', six recordings of ''La bohème'' and five recordings of the overture from ''Der Freischütz''. Out of the eighteen orchestras with which he performed,{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=334}} recordings survive from ten: the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra, Bavarian State Orchestra, Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra, Chicago Symphony Orchestra, Cologne Radio Symphony Orchestra, Munich Philharmonic Orchestra, NDR Symphony Orchestra, Slovenian Philharmonic Orchestra, Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra.{{efn|Outside of his studio recordings with them, he did not perform with the [[Staatskapelle Dresden]].{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=334}}}} Recordings of 19 live performances survive, consisting of many operas. Deutsche Grammophon released two collections in 2010 and 2014 of Kleiber's recordings under their label. Two posthumous documentaries on Kleiber were also released in 2010 and 2011.<br /> <br /> ==Studio albums==<br /> {| class = &quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;<br /> |+ Studio records<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Year<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Work(s)<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Collaborators<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |LP release<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |CD release&lt;ref&gt;Release date and {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of CDs from {{harvnb|Hirasawa: Deutsche Grammophon}}&lt;br/&gt;Catalogue numbers from {{harvnb|Barber|2013|pp=300–306}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |{{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}}<br /> |-<br /> | 1973<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Freischütz]]'' by [[Carl Maria von Weber]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Johann Friedrich Kind]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |<br /> :[[Staatskapelle Dresden]], [[MDR Rundfunkchor|Leipzig Radio Chorus]]<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Horst Neumann&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Ottokar<br /> |[[Bernd Weikl]]<br /> |-<br /> |Cuno<br /> |[[Siegfried Vogel]]<br /> |-<br /> |Agathe<br /> |[[Gundula Janowitz]]<br /> |-<br /> |Ännchen<br /> |[[Edith Mathis]]<br /> |-<br /> |Kaspar<br /> |[[Theo Adam]]<br /> |-<br /> |Max<br /> |[[Peter Schreier]]<br /> |-<br /> |Ein Eremit<br /> |[[Franz Crass]]<br /> |-<br /> |Kilian<br /> |[[Günther Leib]]<br /> |-<br /> |Four bridesmaids<br /> |Renate Hoff, Brigitte Pfretzchner,&lt;br/&gt;Renate Krahmer &amp; Ingeborg Springer<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Recorded: 22 January – 6 February, 1973; [[Leipzig]]<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2720 071<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of LPs: 2<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1986<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 415 432-2<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of CDs: 2<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon|2010|pp=21–23}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Warrack |first=John |authorlink=John Warrack |year=1986 |title=Weber Der Freischütz |publisher=[[Gramophone (magazine)|Gramophone]] |url=https://www.gramophone.co.uk/review/weber-der-freisch%C3%BCtz-13 |access-date=6 July 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 1975<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 5]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Recorded: 29, 30 March &amp; 4 April, 1974; [[Vienna]]<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2530 516<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of LPs: 1<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1984<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 415 861-2<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of CDs: 1<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon|2010|p=2}}&lt;ref name=Beethoven57&gt;{{cite news |last=Osborne |first=Richard |year=1995 |title=Beethoven Symphonies Nos 5 and 7 |publisher=[[Gramophone (magazine)|Gramophone]] |url=https://www.gramophone.co.uk/review/beethoven-symphonies-nos-5-and-7 |access-date=6 July 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 1976<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Recorded: 26–29 November, 1975 &amp; 16 January, 1976; [[Vienna]]<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2530 706<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of LPs: 1<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1984<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 415 862-2<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of CDs: 1<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon|2010|p=2}}&lt;ref name=Beethoven57/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 1976<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Die Fledermaus]]'' by [[Johann Strauss II]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Karl Haffner]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Wolfgang Baumgart&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Gabriel von Eisenstein<br /> |[[Hermann Prey]]<br /> |-<br /> |Rosalinde<br /> |[[Julia Varady]]<br /> |-<br /> |Frank<br /> |[[Benno Kusche]]<br /> |-<br /> |Prince Orlofsky<br /> |[[Iwan Rebroff]]<br /> |-<br /> |Alfred<br /> |[[René Kollo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Max<br /> |[[Bernd Weikl]]<br /> |-<br /> |Dr Blind<br /> |[[Ferry Gruber]]<br /> |-<br /> |Dr Falke<br /> |Wolfgang Brendel<br /> |-<br /> |Adele<br /> |[[Lucia Popp]]<br /> |-<br /> |Ida<br /> |Evi List<br /> |-<br /> |Frosch<br /> |Franz Muxender<br /> |-<br /> |Ivan<br /> |Nikolai Lugowoi<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Recorded: 9–14, 28 October, 1975; [[Munich]]<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2707 088<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of LPs: 2<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1986<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 415 646-2<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of CDs: 2<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon|2010|pp=7–8}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Mscott |first=Rohan |authorlink=John Warrack |year=2005 |title=Strauss (Die) Fledermaus |publisher=[[Gramophone (magazine)|Gramophone]] |url=https://www.gramophone.co.uk/review/strauss-die-fledermaus-0 |access-date=6 July 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 1977<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La traviata]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Francesco Maria Piave]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Wolfgang Baumgart&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Violetta Valéry<br /> |[[Ileana Cotrubas]]<br /> |-<br /> |Alfredo Germont<br /> |[[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Giorgio Germont<br /> |[[Sherrill Milnes]]<br /> |-<br /> |Flora Bervoix<br /> |Stefania Malagú<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |Helena Jungwirth<br /> |-<br /> |Gastone de Letorières<br /> |Walter Gullino<br /> |-<br /> |Barone Douphol<br /> |Bruno Grella<br /> |-<br /> |Marchese d'Obigny<br /> |Alfredo Giacomotti<br /> |-<br /> |Dottore Grenvil<br /> |Giovanni Foianai<br /> |-<br /> |Giuseppe<br /> |Walter Gullino<br /> |-<br /> |Flora's servant<br /> |Paul Friess<br /> |-<br /> |Commissioner<br /> |Paul Winter<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Recorded:14–21 May, 1976 &amp; 26 January, 25-26 June, 1977; [[Munich]]<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2707 103<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of LPs: 2<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1985<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 415 132-2<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of CDs: 1<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon|2010|pp=13, 16}}<br /> |-<br /> | 1977<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Piano Concerto (Dvořák)|Piano Concerto in G minor]] by [[Antonín Dvořák]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra]]&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;Piano:&lt;/small&gt; [[Sviatoslav Richter]]<br /> |<br /> * Recorded: 18–21 June, 1976; [[Munich]]<br /> * Label: [[EMI]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 5 66947 2<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of LPs: 1<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1987<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: CDC 7 47967 2<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of CDs: 1<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=302}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - label discography: EMI |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc2/emi/ |accessdate=11 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 1979<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|Symphony Nos. 3]] and [[Symphony No. 8 (Schubert)|8 &quot;Unfinished&quot;]] by [[Franz Schubert]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Recorded: 11–15 September, 1978; [[Vienna]]<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2531 124<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of LPs: 1<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1984<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 415 601-2<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of CDs: 1<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon|2010|p=5}}<br /> |-<br /> | 1981<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Recorded: 12, 15 March, 1980; [[Vienna]]<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2532 003<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of LPs: 1<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1998<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 457 706-2<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of CDs: 1<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon|2010|p=4}}<br /> |-<br /> | 1982<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' by [[Richard Wagner]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Staatskapelle Dresden]], [[MDR Rundfunkchor|Leipzig Radio Chorus]]<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Gernhard Richter&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Tristan<br /> |[[René Kollo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Isolde <br /> |[[Margaret Price]]<br /> |-<br /> |King Marke<br /> |[[Kurt Moll]]<br /> |-<br /> |Kurwenal<br /> |[[Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau]]<br /> |-<br /> |Melot<br /> |{{ill|Werner Götz|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |Brangäne<br /> |[[Brigitte Fassbaender]]<br /> |-<br /> |Shepherd<br /> |[[Anton Dermota]]<br /> |-<br /> |Helmsman<br /> |[[Wolfgang Hellmich]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sailor<br /> |[[Eberhard Büchner]]<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Recorded: August 1980 - April 1982; [[Dresden]]<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2741 006<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of LPs: 5<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1986<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 413 315-2<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of CDs: 4<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon|2010|pp=17, 19}}<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Live recordings==<br /> {| class = &quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;<br /> |+ Live recordings<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Date<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Work<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Collaborators<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Official or earliest release{{efn|Most releases of live recordings are unofficial, when this is the case the earliest release is listed.}}<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |{{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}}<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| 7 December 1960<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Tafelmusik (Telemann)#3. Production|Suite in B flat major]] ([[Tafelmusik (Telemann)|Tafelmusik]]) by [[Georg Philipp Telemann]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[NDR Elbphilharmonie Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 2011{{efn|The We Love Carlos Society (1-709) released a recording of the Telemann in 1999 and the Cult of Classical Music (COCOM1014) in 2001 but Profil is the official release.&lt;ref name=&quot;Telemann&quot;/&gt;}}<br /> * Label: Profil<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: PH11031<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Telemann&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Telemann, George Philipp (1681-1767) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/telemann_georg_philipp_1681_1767_/ |accessdate=11 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=305}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|Cello Concerto in B flat major by [[Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[NDR Elbphilharmonie Orchestra]]&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;Cello:&lt;/small&gt; [[Irene Güdel]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Bach, Carl Philipp Emanuel (1714-1788) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/bach_carl_philipp_emanuel_1714/ |accessdate=10 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |1 December 1962<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''Le fifre enchanté, ou Le soldat magicien'': &quot;Die kleine Zauberflöte&quot; by [[Jacques Offenbach]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Charles-Louis-Étienne Nuitter|Charles Nuitter]] and [[Étienne Tréfeu]]&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;OffenbachGrove&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |last=Lamb |first=Andrew |year=2001 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=Offenbach, Jacques |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=London, England |doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.20271 |url-access=subscription |url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000020271}} {{ODNBsub}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Deutsche Oper am Rhein]] Orchestra<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Monsieur<br /> |Karl Diekmann<br /> |-<br /> |Madame<br /> |Gabrielle Treskow<br /> |-<br /> |Das Zimmermädchen der Robin<br /> |Eva Kasper<br /> |-<br /> |Soldat<br /> |Alfons Holte<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|<br /> * Released: 2013<br /> * Label: Profil<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: PH12066<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=303}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Offenbach&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Offenbach, Jacques (1819-1880) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/offenbach_jacques_1819_1880_/ |accessdate=10 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Le mariage aux lanternes]]'': &quot;Die Verlobung bei der Laterne&quot; by [[Jacques Offenbach]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Michel Carré]] and [[Léon Battu]]&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;OffenbachGrove&quot;/&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Deutsche Oper am Rhein]] Orchestra<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Catharine<br /> |{{ill|Erika Wien|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |Denise<br /> |Eva Kasper<br /> |-<br /> |Fanchette<br /> |Ditha Sommer<br /> |-<br /> |Pierre<br /> |Alfons Holte<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=303}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Offenbach&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[L'île de Tulipatan]]'': &quot;Die Insel Tulipatan&quot; by [[Jacques Offenbach]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Henri Chivot]] and [[Alfred Duru]]&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;OffenbachGrove&quot;/&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Deutsche Oper am Rhein]] Orchestra<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Cacatois XXII<br /> |Sonders Schier<br /> |-<br /> |Alexis<br /> |Eva Kasper<br /> |-<br /> |Romboïdal<br /> |{{ill|Fritz Ollendorff|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |Theodorine<br /> |Anni Körner<br /> |-<br /> |Hermoso<br /> |Alfons Holte<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Offenbach&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 5 March 1964<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[I due Foscari]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Francesco Maria Piave]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Deutsche Oper am Rhein]] Orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Francesco Foscari<br /> |Abe Polakoff<br /> |-<br /> |Jacopo Foscari<br /> |Eugene Talley-Schmidt<br /> |-<br /> |Lucrezia Contarini<br /> |Anna Green<br /> |-<br /> |Jacopo Loredano<br /> |Neagu<br /> |-<br /> |Barbarigo<br /> |Wegmann<br /> |-<br /> |Pisana<br /> |Borisch<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2014<br /> * Label: Classical Video Rarities<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: -{{efn|No catalogue number exists for this release.&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;|name=Verdi}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Verdi, Giuseppe (1813-1901) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/verdi_giuseppe_1813_1901_/ |accessdate=30 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 4 March 1965<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Falstaff (opera)|Falstaff]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Arrigo Boito]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Philharmonia Zurich|Zurich Opera Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Sir John [[Falstaff]]<br /> |[[Norman Mittelmann]]<br /> |-<br /> |Ford<br /> |William Justus<br /> |-<br /> |Alice Ford<br /> |Gerry de Groot<br /> |-<br /> |Nannetta<br /> |[[Lucille Kailer]]<br /> |-<br /> |Meg Page<br /> |Ellen Kunz<br /> |-<br /> |[[Mistress Quickly]]<br /> |{{ill|Erika Wien|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |Fenton<br /> |Ernst-August Steinhoff<br /> |-<br /> |Dr Caius<br /> |Paul Späni<br /> |-<br /> |[[Bardolph (Shakespeare character)|Bardolfo]]<br /> |Richard van Vrooman<br /> |-<br /> |[[Ancient Pistol|Pistola]]<br /> |Heiz Borst<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2009<br /> * Label: Classical Video Rarities<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: -{{efn|name=Verdi}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| 7 June 1967<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Das Lied von der Erde]]'' by [[Gustav Mahler]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Words from [[Hans Bethge (poet)|Hans Bethge]]'s ''Die chinesische Flöte''&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Symphony Orchestra]]&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;Contralto:&lt;/small&gt; [[Christa Ludwig]]&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;Tenor:&lt;/small&gt; [[Waldemar Kmentt]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2014{{efn|[http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/mahler_gustav_1860_1911_/ Many earlier recordings exist], with [[Nuova Era (record label)|Nuova Era]] (2224) in 1988 as the first; The 2014 Wiener Symphoniker edition (007) is the official release.}}<br /> * Label: Wiener Symphoniker<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 007<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|pp=302–303}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Mahler, Gustav (1860-1911) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/mahler_gustav_1860_1911_/ |accessdate=11 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 33]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1989{{efn|No official release}}<br /> * Label: [[Nuova Era (record label)|Nuova Era]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2296<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=303}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus (1756-1791) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/mozart_wolfgang_amadeus_1756_1791_/ |accessdate=11 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 29 November 1969<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Freischütz]]'': Overture by [[Carl Maria von Weber]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: Unknown<br /> * Label: Süddeutscher Rundfunk Stuttgart<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: TST-77 331-2<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Weber&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Weber, Carl Maria von (1786-1826) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/weber_carl_maria_von_1786_1826_/ |accessdate=13 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|27 January 1970<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Freischütz]]'': Overture by [[Carl Maria von Weber]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> | <br /> * Released: 1996<br /> * Label: Toshiba-EMI<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: TOLW-3751/4<br /> * [[#27January|Released as a DVD in 2003]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Weber&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Die Fledermaus]]'': Overture by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1993<br /> * Label: Capanella<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 001<br /> * [[#27January|Released as a DVD in 2003]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 22 April 1970<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Freischütz]]'': Overture by [[Carl Maria von Weber]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1996<br /> * Label: [[Toshiba EMI]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: TOLW-3751/4<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Weber&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 27 November 1970<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Wozzeck]]'' by [[Alban Berg]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by Alban Berg&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Wozzeck<br /> |[[Theo Adam]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marie<br /> |Wendy Fine<br /> |-<br /> |Marie's son<br /> |Narika Krauth<br /> |-<br /> |Captain<br /> |{{ill|Georg Paskuda|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |Doctor<br /> |Jieth Engender<br /> |-<br /> |The Drum Major<br /> |[[Fritz Uhl]]<br /> |-<br /> |Andres<br /> |Friedrich Lenz<br /> |-<br /> |Margret<br /> |Gudrun Wewezow<br /> |-<br /> |First Apprentice<br /> |[[Max Proebstl]]<br /> |-<br /> |Second Apprentice<br /> |Carl Hoppe<br /> |-<br /> |Madman<br /> |Walter Carnuth<br /> |-<br /> |A Soldier<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2007<br /> * Label: Opera Depot<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 10250-2<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Wozzeck&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Berg, Alban (1885-1935) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/berg_alban_1885_1935_/ |accessdate=10 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 24 January 1971<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Otello]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Arrigo Boito]]{{efn|Sung in a German translation}}&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Staatsorchester Stuttgart]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Otello<br /> |[[Wolfgang Windgassen]]<br /> |-<br /> |Desdemona<br /> |Elisabeth Löw-Szöky<br /> |-<br /> |Iago<br /> |Camillo Megbor<br /> |-<br /> |Emilia<br /> |Ursula Sutter<br /> |-<br /> |Cassio<br /> |James Harper<br /> |-<br /> |Roderigo<br /> |Toni Krämer<br /> |-<br /> |Lodovico<br /> |Stefan Kosso<br /> |-<br /> |Montano<br /> |Klaus Bertram<br /> |-<br /> |A herald<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2012<br /> * Label: Premiere Opera<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: CD 8196-2<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 17 June 1971<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Elektra (opera)|Elektra]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Staatsorchester Stuttgart]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Elektra<br /> |Ingrid Steger<br /> |-<br /> |Chrysothemis<br /> |Marion Lippert<br /> |-<br /> |Klytaemnestra<br /> |[[Martha Mödl]]<br /> |-<br /> |Her confidante<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Her trainbearer<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A young servant<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |An old servant<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Orest<br /> |William Wildermann<br /> |-<br /> |Orest's tutor<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Aegisth<br /> |[[Wolfgang Windgassen]]<br /> |-<br /> |An overseer<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |First maid<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Second maid<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Third maid<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Fourth maid<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Fifth maid<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: Golden Melodram<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 6.0011<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=305}}&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Strauss, Richard (1864-1949) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/strauss_richard_1864_1949_/ |accessdate=22 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 20 April 1972<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' (Scenes from Act II &amp; III) by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Gwyneth Jones (soprano)|Gwyneth Jones]]{{efn|Orfeo incorrectly listed as The Marschallin [[Claire Watson]].&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;}}<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Brigitte Fassbaender]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Karl Ridderbusch]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Lucia Popp]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |[[Benno Kusche]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |Anneliese Waas<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |David Thaw<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |[[Margarethe Bence]]<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |Hans Wilbrink<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |[[Gerhard Unger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |Albrecht Peter<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |[[Lorenz Fehenberger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2003<br /> * Label: [[Orfeo (record label)|Orfeo]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: C 580 031 B<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |27 May 1972<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 94 (Haydn)|Symphony No. 94]] by [[Joseph Haydn]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[WDR Symphony Orchestra Cologne]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Meteor<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: MCD-001<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=302}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Haydn&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Haydn, Josef (1732-1809) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/haydn_franz_josef_1732_1809_/ |accessdate=11 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Wozzeck]]'' (excerpts) by [[Alban Berg]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[WDR Symphony Orchestra Cologne]]&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;Soprano:&lt;/small&gt; Gwendy Fine<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1993<br /> * Label: Artists<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: FED 045.46<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Wozzeck&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=301}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[WDR Symphony Orchestra Cologne]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1993<br /> * Label: Artists<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: FED 018<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=301}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Beethoven, Ludwig van (1770-1827) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/beethoven_ludwig_van_1770_1827_/ |accessdate=17 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |24 July 1972<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'': &quot;Prelude&quot; and &quot;[[Liebestod]]&quot; by [[Richard Wagner]]{{efn|The orchestral arrangement by Wagner himself}}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2006<br /> * Label: Golden Melodram<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 4.0081<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=306}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Wagner&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Wagner, Richard (1813-1883) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/wagner_richard_1813_1883_/ |accessdate=18 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 12 December 1972<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 2 (Borodin)|Symphony No. 2]] by [[Alexander Borodin]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1996{{efn|[http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/borodin_alexander_1833_1887_/ Many earlier recordings exist], with [[Nuova Era (record label)|Nuova Era]] (HR4410) in 1991 as the first; The 1996 Mediaphon edition (75.103) is the first official release, with the 2004 [[Hänssler]] edition (93.116) as the second.}}<br /> * Label: Mediaphon<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 75.103<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|pp=301–302}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Borodin, Alexander (1833-1887) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/borodin_alexander_1833_1887_/ |accessdate=11 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |22 April 1973<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' by [[Richard Wagner]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Staatsorchester Stuttgart]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Tristan<br /> |[[Wolfgang Windgassen]]<br /> |-<br /> |Isolde <br /> |[[Catarina Ligendza]]<br /> |-<br /> |King Marke<br /> |[[Gottlob Frick]]<br /> |-<br /> |Kurwenal<br /> |[[Gustav Neidlinger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Melot<br /> |Gustav Grefe<br /> |-<br /> |Brangäne<br /> |[[Grace Hoffmann]]<br /> |-<br /> |Shepherd<br /> |{{ill|Alfred Pfeilfle|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |Helmsman<br /> |Kurt-Egon Opp<br /> |-<br /> |Sailor<br /> |Toni Krämer<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2003<br /> * Label: Living Stage<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: LS-1052<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Wagner&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 13 July 1973<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Claire Watson]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Brigitte Fassbaender]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Karl Ridderbusch]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Lucia Popp]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |[[Benno Kusche]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |Annelie Waas<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |David Thaw<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |[[Margarethe Bence]]<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |Hans Wilbrink<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |[[Gerhard Unger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |Evi List, Doris Linswe, Daphne Evangelatos<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |[[Isoldé Elchlepp]]<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |Wolfgang Pirke<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |[[Franz Klarwein]]<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |Albrecht Peter<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |{{ill|Georg Paskuda|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |[[Lorenz Fehenberger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |Rudolf Schwab, Walter Brem, Werner Liebl, Artur Horn<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |Reinhard Schmidt<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |Elizabeth von Ihering<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |Karl Schrader<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |Hans Mursch<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX92T49/51 <br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |7 October 1973<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' by [[Richard Wagner]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Norbert Balatsch&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Tristan<br /> |[[Hans Hopf]]<br /> |-<br /> |Isolde <br /> |[[Catarina Ligendza]]<br /> |-<br /> |King Marke<br /> |[[Hans Sotin]]<br /> |-<br /> |Kurwenal<br /> |[[Gustav Neidlinger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Melot<br /> |Hans Helm<br /> |-<br /> |Brangäne<br /> |[[Ruža Pospiš-Baldani]]<br /> |-<br /> |Shepherd<br /> |Horst Nitsche<br /> |-<br /> |Helmsman<br /> |Georg Tichy<br /> |-<br /> |Sailor<br /> |[[Anton Dermota]]<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX93T18/20<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=306}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Wagner&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 15 June 1974<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Royal Opera House]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Helga Dernesch]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Yvonne Minton]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Jules Bastin]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |Teresa Cahill<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |[[Derek Hammond-Stroud]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |Gwyneth Price<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |John Dobson<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |[[Gillian Knight]]<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |Paul Hudson<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |[[Ermanno Mauro]]<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |Edward Byles<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |Eric Garrett<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |Malcohn Campbell<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |Adrian de Peyer<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2012<br /> * Label: Classical Video Rarities<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: -{{efn|No catalogue number exists for this release.&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |25 July 1974<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' by [[Richard Wagner]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bayreuth Festival]] orchestra and chorus{{anchor|1974}}<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Tristan<br /> |{{ill|Helge Brilioth|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |Isolde <br /> |[[Catarina Ligendza]]<br /> |-<br /> |King Marke<br /> |[[Kurt Moll]]<br /> |-<br /> |Kurwenal<br /> |[[Donald McIntyre]]<br /> |-<br /> |Melot<br /> |Herbert Steinbach<br /> |-<br /> |Brangäne<br /> |[[Yvonne Minton]]<br /> |-<br /> |Shepherd<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Helmsman<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Sailor<br /> |[[Heinz Zednik]]<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1996<br /> * Label: Hypnos<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: HYP254/6<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Wagner&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 31 December 1974<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Die Fledermaus]]'' by [[Johann Strauss II]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Karl Haffner]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;<br /> |-<br /> |Gabriel von Eisenstein<br /> |[[Eberhard Waechter (baritone)|Eberhard Wächter]]<br /> |-<br /> |Rosalinde<br /> |[[Gundula Janowitz]]<br /> |-<br /> |Frank<br /> |[[Benno Kusche]]<br /> |-<br /> |Prince Orlofsky<br /> |[[Brigitte Fassbaender]]<br /> |-<br /> |Alfred<br /> |[[Waldemar Kmentt]]<br /> |-<br /> |Max<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Dr Blind<br /> |[[Lorenz Fehenberger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Dr. Falke<br /> |[[Wolfgang Brendel]]<br /> |-<br /> |Adele<br /> |Carol Malone<br /> |-<br /> |Ida<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Frosch<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Ivan<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1996<br /> * Label: Hypnos<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: HYP252/3<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |26 April 1975<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La traviata]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Francesco Maria Piave]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Violetta Valéry<br /> |[[Ileana Cotrubaș]]<br /> |-<br /> |Alfredo Germont<br /> |[[Giacomo Aragall]]<br /> |-<br /> |Giorgio Germont<br /> |[[Wolfgang Brendel]]<br /> |-<br /> |Flora Bervoix<br /> |Doris Linser<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |Helena Jungwirth<br /> |-<br /> |Gastone de Letorières<br /> |Will Brokmeir<br /> |-<br /> |Barone Douphol<br /> |Hans Wilbrink<br /> |-<br /> |Marchese d'Obigny<br /> |Kar Hoppe<br /> |-<br /> |Dottore Grenvil<br /> |[[Max Pröbstl]]<br /> |-<br /> |Giuseppe<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Flora's servant<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Commissioner<br /> |Paul Winter<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2004<br /> * Label: Memories<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: ME-1014/5<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |4 August 1975<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' by [[Richard Wagner]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bayreuth Festival]] orchestra and chorus{{anchor|1975}}<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Norbert Balatsch&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Tristan<br /> |{{ill|Helge Brilioth|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |Isolde <br /> |[[Catarina Ligendza]]<br /> |-<br /> |King Marke<br /> |[[Kurt Moll]]<br /> |-<br /> |Kurwenal<br /> |[[Donald McIntyre]]<br /> |-<br /> |Melot<br /> |Heribert Steinbach<br /> |-<br /> |Brangäne<br /> |[[Yvonne Minton]]<br /> |-<br /> |Shepherd<br /> |[[Heinz Zednik]]<br /> |-<br /> |Helmsman<br /> |Nikolaus Hillebrand<br /> |-<br /> |Sailor<br /> |[[Heinz Zednik]]<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX92T54/56<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Wagner&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 4 May 1976<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Evelyn Lear]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Brigitte Fassbaender]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Karl Ridderbusch]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Lucia Popp]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |Raymond Wolanky<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |Silvana Zanolli<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |Franco Casteliana<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |Stefania Malagu<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |Antonio Savastano<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |Walter Gullino<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |Alfredo Giacomotti<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |Aronne Ceroni<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2000<br /> * Label: Myto<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 3MCD002.218<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |30 July 1976<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' by [[Richard Wagner]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bayreuth Festival]] orchestra and chorus{{anchor|1976}}<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Tristan<br /> |Spas Wenkoff<br /> |-<br /> |Isolde <br /> |[[Catarina Ligendza]]<br /> |-<br /> |King Marke<br /> |[[Karl Ridderbusch]]<br /> |-<br /> |Kurwenal<br /> |[[Donald McIntyre]]<br /> |-<br /> |Melot<br /> |Heribert Steinbach<br /> |-<br /> |Brangäne<br /> |[[Yvonne Minton]]<br /> |-<br /> |Shepherd<br /> |[[Heinz Zednik]]<br /> |-<br /> |Helmsman<br /> |Heinz Feldhoff<br /> |-<br /> |Sailor<br /> |[[Heinz Zednik]]<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1989<br /> * Label: Legendary<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: LR196-4<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Wagner&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 7 December 1976<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Otello]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Arrigo Boito]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Romano Gandolfi&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Otello<br /> |[[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Desdemona<br /> |[[Mirella Freni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Iago<br /> |Piero Cappuccilli<br /> |-<br /> |Emilia<br /> |Jone Jori<br /> |-<br /> |Cassio<br /> |Giuliano Ciannella<br /> |-<br /> |Roderigo<br /> |Dano Raffanti<br /> |-<br /> |Lodovico<br /> |[[Luigi Roni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Montano<br /> |Orazio Mori<br /> |-<br /> |A herald<br /> |Giuseppe Morresi<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1978<br /> * Label: Bruno Walter Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: IGI-302<br /> * [[#OtelloDVD|Released as a DVD in 2007]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 6/14 May 1977{{efn|Toru Hirasawa records 14 May 1977&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt; while {{harnvb|Barber|2013|p=305}} records 6 May 1977.}}<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Elektra (opera)|Elektra]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Royal Opera House]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Elektra<br /> |[[Birgit Nilsson]]<br /> |-<br /> |Chrysothemis<br /> |[[Gwyneth Jones (soprano)|Gwyneth Jones]]<br /> |-<br /> |Klytaemnestra<br /> |{{ill|Marta Szirmay|hu|Szirmay Márta}}<br /> |-<br /> |Her confidante<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Her trainbearer<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A young servant<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |An old servant<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Orest<br /> |[[Donald McIntyre]]<br /> |-<br /> |Orest's tutor<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Aegisth<br /> |Charles Craig<br /> |-<br /> |An overseer<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |First maid<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Second maid<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Third maid<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Fourth maid<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Fifth maid<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: Golden Melodram<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 6.0001<br /> |align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=305}}&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |16 June 1977<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La traviata]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Francesco Maria Piave]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Violetta Valéry<br /> |Adriana Maliponte<br /> |-<br /> |Alfredo Germont<br /> |Benita Maresca<br /> |-<br /> |Giorgio Germont<br /> |[[Wolfgang Brendel]]<br /> |-<br /> |Flora Bervoix<br /> |Doris Linser<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |Helene Jungwirth<br /> |-<br /> |Gastone de Letorières<br /> |Friedrich Lenz<br /> |-<br /> |Barone Douphol<br /> |Hans Wilbrink<br /> |-<br /> |Marchese d'Obigny<br /> |Gerhard Auer<br /> |-<br /> |Dottore Grenvil<br /> |[[Max Pröbstl]]<br /> |-<br /> |Giuseppe<br /> |Rusolf Chizzali<br /> |-<br /> |Flora's servant<br /> |Markus Goritzky<br /> |-<br /> |Commissioner<br /> |Hermann Sapell<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: Golden Melodram<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 6.000<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 15 July 1977<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Gwyneth Jones (soprano)|Gwyneth Jones]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Brigitte Fassbaender]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Karl Ridderbusch]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Lucia Popp]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |[[Benno Kusche]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |Anneliese Waas<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |David Thaw<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |Gudrun Wewezow<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |Hans Wilbrink<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |[[Gerhard Unger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |Jana Schmid-Hutova, Ruth Folkert, Helena Jungwirth<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |Franz Wilbrink<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |Albrecht Peter<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |{{ill|Georg Paskuda|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |[[Lorenz Fehenberger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |Kirst Rix Forsman<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: Unknown<br /> * Label: Legendary<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: LR179-4/LRCD1014-3<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 31 July 1977<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Helga Dernesch]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Brigitte Fassbaender]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Kurt Moll]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Lucia Popp]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |[[Benno Kusche]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |Anneliese Waas<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |David Thaw<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |Gudrun Wewezow<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |Hans Wilbrink<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |[[Gerhard Unger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |[[Franz Klarwein]]<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |Albrecht Peter<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |{{ill|Georg Paskuda|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |[[Lorenz Fehenberger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |Kirst Rix Forsman<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2003<br /> * Label: Living Stage<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: LS1040<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 31 October 1977<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Otello]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Arrigo Boito]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Otello<br /> |Carlo Cassutta<br /> |-<br /> |Desdemona<br /> |Julia Varady<br /> |-<br /> |Iago<br /> |Piero Cappuccilli<br /> |-<br /> |Emilia<br /> |Gudrun Wewezow<br /> |-<br /> |Cassio<br /> |Benito Maresca<br /> |-<br /> |Roderigo<br /> |Norbert Orth<br /> |-<br /> |Lodovico<br /> |Nikolaus Hillebrand<br /> |-<br /> |Montano<br /> |Hans Wilbrink<br /> |-<br /> |A herald<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2006<br /> * Label: Golden Melodram<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: GM 5.0061<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |12 April 1978<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' by [[Richard Wagner]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Tristan<br /> |Spas Wenkoff<br /> |-<br /> |Isolde <br /> |[[Catarina Ligendza]]<br /> |-<br /> |King Marke<br /> |[[Kurt Moll]]<br /> |-<br /> |Kurwenal<br /> |Siegmund Nimsgern<br /> |-<br /> |Melot<br /> |Gianpaolo Corradi<br /> |-<br /> |Brangäne<br /> |[[Ruža Pospiš-Baldani]]<br /> |-<br /> |Shepherd<br /> |Prero de Palma<br /> |-<br /> |Helmsman<br /> |Giovanno Foiani<br /> |-<br /> |Sailor<br /> |Walter Gulling<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: Myto<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 3MCD993.208<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Wagner&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |? April 1978{{efn|While listed as a recording from 5 April 1978, it is thought to be from a later date, either the 19th, 23rd or 26th of April 1978.&lt;ref name=&quot;Wagner&quot;/&gt;}}<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' by [[Richard Wagner]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2016<br /> * Label: PremiereOpera<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: PO30439<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Wagner&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |12 June 1978<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La traviata]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Francesco Maria Piave]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Hermann Sapell&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Violetta Valéry<br /> |[[Ileana Cotrubaș]]<br /> |-<br /> |Alfredo Germont<br /> |[[Giacomo Aragall]]<br /> |-<br /> |Giorgio Germont<br /> |[[Renato Bruson]]<br /> |-<br /> |Flora Bervoix<br /> |Doris Linser<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |Helene Jungwirth<br /> |-<br /> |Gastone de Letorières<br /> |Friedrich Lenz<br /> |-<br /> |Barone Douphol<br /> |Hans Wilbrinck<br /> |-<br /> |Marchese d'Obigny<br /> |Gerhard Auer<br /> |-<br /> |Dottore Grenvil<br /> |[[Max Pröbstl]]<br /> |-<br /> |Giuseppe<br /> |Rudolf Chizzali<br /> |-<br /> |Flora's servant<br /> |Markus Goritzky<br /> |-<br /> |Commissioner<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1993<br /> * Label: Artists<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: FED045/6<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=305}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |12 October 1978<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Freischütz]]'': Overture by [[Carl Maria von Weber]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Chicago Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1990<br /> * Label: Recitative<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 116<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Weber&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 5]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=301}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|Symphony No. 3]] by [[Franz Schubert]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX92T21<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=304}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Schubert&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Schubert, Franz (1797-1828) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/schubert_franz_1797_1828_/ |accessdate=18 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 22 March 1979<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Carmen]]'' by [[Georges Bizet]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Henri Meilhac]] and [[Ludovic Halévy]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Norbert Balatsch&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Carmen<br /> |Elena Obraztsova<br /> |-<br /> |Don José<br /> |[[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Escamillo<br /> |[[Yuri Mazurok]]<br /> |-<br /> |Micaëla<br /> |Isobel Buchanan<br /> |-<br /> |Zuniga<br /> |Kurt Rydl<br /> |-<br /> |Moralès<br /> |Hans Helm<br /> |-<br /> |Frasquita<br /> |Cheryl Kanfoush<br /> |-<br /> |Mercédès<br /> |Axelle Gall<br /> |-<br /> |Lillas Pastia<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Le Dancaïre<br /> |Paul Wolfrum<br /> |-<br /> |Le Remendado<br /> |[[Heinz Zednik]]<br /> |-<br /> |A guide<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX92T11/12<br /> * [[#BizetDVD|Released as a DVD in 2004]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Bizet&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Bizet, George (1838-1875) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/bizet_georges_1838_1875_/ |accessdate=22 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 22 March 1979<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La bohème]]'' by [[Giacomo Puccini]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Luigi Illica]] and [[Giuseppe Giacosa]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Rodolfo<br /> |[[Luciano Pavarotti]]<br /> |-<br /> |Mimì<br /> |[[Ileana Cotrubaș]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marcello<br /> |Piero Cappuccilli<br /> |-<br /> |Musetta<br /> |[[Lucia Popp]]<br /> |-<br /> |Schaunard<br /> |Giorgio Giorgetti<br /> |-<br /> |Colline<br /> |Evghenij Nesterenko<br /> |-<br /> |Benoît<br /> |Claudio Giombi<br /> |-<br /> |Alcindoro<br /> |Alfredo Giacomotti<br /> |-<br /> |Parpignol<br /> |Regolo Romani<br /> |-<br /> |A customs Sergeant<br /> |Carlo Meliciani<br /> |-<br /> |A customs officer<br /> |Giuseppe Morresi<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX92T01/2<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=303}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Puccini&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Puccini, Giacomo (1858-1924) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/puccini_giacomo_1858_1924_/ |accessdate=20 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 30 March 1979<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La bohème]]'' by [[Giacomo Puccini]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Luigi Illica]] and [[Giuseppe Giacosa]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1990{{efn|The date of a Legendary (LR162-2) release is uncertain so it may be earlier than the Recitative (115) release.&lt;ref name=&quot;Puccini&quot;/&gt;}}<br /> * Label: Recitative<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 115<br /> * [[#BoheméDVD|Released as a DVD in 2005]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=304}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Puccini&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 7 November 1979<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La bohème]]'' by [[Giacomo Puccini]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Luigi Illica]] and [[Giuseppe Giacosa]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Royal Opera House]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Rodolfo<br /> |[[Giacomo Aragall]]<br /> |-<br /> |Mimì<br /> |[[Ileana Cotrubaș]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marcello<br /> |[[Jonathan Summers]]<br /> |-<br /> |Musetta<br /> |Sona Ghazarian<br /> |-<br /> |Schaunard<br /> |John Rawnsley<br /> |-<br /> |Colline<br /> |[[Gwynne Howell]]<br /> |-<br /> |Benoît<br /> |Eric Barett<br /> |-<br /> |Alcindoro<br /> |John Dobson<br /> |-<br /> |Parpignol<br /> |Robert Bowman<br /> |-<br /> |A customs Sergeant<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |A customs officer<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2-703<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Puccini&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|16 December 1979<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Freischütz]]'': Overture by [[Carl Maria von Weber]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX92T25<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Weber&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=306}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 33]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Casanova<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: CA-002<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Brahms, Johannes (1833-1897) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/brahms_johannes_1833_1897_/ |accessdate=19 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | February 1980{{efn|The exact date is unknown.&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;}}<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Otello]]'' (Act I Dress rehearsal) by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Arrigo Boito]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Royal Opera House]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Romano Gandolfi&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Otello<br /> |[[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Desdemona<br /> |[[Mirella Freni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Iago<br /> |Piero Cappuccilli<br /> |-<br /> |Emilia<br /> |Jone Jori<br /> |-<br /> |Cassio<br /> |Giuliano Ciannella<br /> |-<br /> |Roderigo<br /> |Dano Raffanti<br /> |-<br /> |Lodovico<br /> |[[Luigi Roni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Montano<br /> |Orazio Mori<br /> |-<br /> |A herald<br /> |Giuseppe Morresi<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2013<br /> * Label: Classical Video Rarities<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: -{{efn|name=Verdi}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 19 February 1980<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Otello]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Arrigo Boito]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2001<br /> * Label: Golden Melodram<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 5.0028<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=312}}<br /> |-<br /> | 2 March 1981<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|&quot;Thunder and Lightning&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]bruh<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-710<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 2 September 1981<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Otello]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Arrigo Boito]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus&lt;br/&gt;[[Tokyo Bunka Kaikan]]<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Otello<br /> |[[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Desdemona<br /> |Anna Tomowa-Sintow<br /> |-<br /> |Iago<br /> |Silvano Carroli<br /> |-<br /> |Emilia<br /> |Stefania Malagu<br /> |-<br /> |Cassio<br /> |Enzio Di Cesare<br /> |-<br /> |Roderigo<br /> |Ermanno Lorenzi<br /> |-<br /> |Lodovico<br /> |[[Luigi Roni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Montano<br /> |Orazio Mori<br /> |-<br /> |A herald<br /> |Giuseppe Morresi<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1993<br /> * Label: Artists<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: FED020/21<br /> * [[#Verdi1981|Video recording exists]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 15 September 1981<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La bohème]]'' by [[Giacomo Puccini]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Luigi Illica]] and [[Giuseppe Giacosa]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus&lt;br/&gt;[[Tokyo Bunka Kaikan]]<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Romano Gandolfi&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Rodolfo<br /> |Peter Dvorsky<br /> |-<br /> |Mimì<br /> |[[Mirella Freni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marcello<br /> |Lorenzo Saccomani<br /> |-<br /> |Musetta<br /> |Margherita Guglielmi<br /> |-<br /> |Schaunard<br /> |Antonio Salvadori<br /> |-<br /> |Colline<br /> |Paolo Washington<br /> |-<br /> |Benoît<br /> |Claudio Giombi<br /> |-<br /> |Alcindoro<br /> |Alfredo Giacomotti<br /> |-<br /> |Parpignol<br /> |Saverio Porzano<br /> |-<br /> |A customs Sergeant<br /> |Giuseppe Morresi<br /> |-<br /> |A customs officer<br /> |Carlo Meliciani<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1993<br /> * Label: Artists<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: FED015/16<br /> * [[#Puccini1981|Video recording exists]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Puccini&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|28 February 1982<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 94 (Haydn)|Symphony No. 94]] by [[Joseph Haydn]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX91T13 or EX92T13<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=302}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Haydn&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX91T25<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|3 May 1982<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1984<br /> * Label: [[Orfeo (record label)|Orfeo]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: C 100 841 A<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=301}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2006<br /> * Label: [[Orfeo (record label)|Orfeo]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: C 700 051 C<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|7 November 1983<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 94 (Haydn)|Symphony No. 94]] by [[Joseph Haydn]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 2000<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-712<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=302}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Haydn&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 6 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 6]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=301}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|2 June 1983<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''English Idyll No. 1'' by [[George Butterworth]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Chicago Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1993<br /> * Label: Artists<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: FED 045.46<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=302}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Butterworth&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Butterworth, George (1885-1916) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/butterworth_george_1885_1916_/ |accessdate=15 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 33]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 2001<br /> * Label: Passion &amp; Concentration<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: PACO1021<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 2 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 2]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |9 December 1984<br /> ! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La traviata]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Francesco Maria Piave]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Orchestra del Maggio Musicale Fiorentino]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Roberto Gabbiani&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Violetta Valéry<br /> |[[Cecilia Gasdia]]<br /> |-<br /> |Alfredo Germont<br /> |Peter Dvorski<br /> |-<br /> |Giorgio Germont<br /> |[[Giorgio Zancanaro]]<br /> |-<br /> |Flora Bervoix<br /> |Edith Martelli<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |Giuliana Matteini<br /> |-<br /> |Gastone de Letorières<br /> |Maurizio Barbacini<br /> |-<br /> |Barone Douphol<br /> |Guido Mazzini<br /> |-<br /> |Marchese d'Obigny<br /> |Giorgio Giorgetti<br /> |-<br /> |Dottore Grenvil<br /> |Leonardo Monreale<br /> |-<br /> |Giuseppe<br /> |Ottavio Taddei<br /> |-<br /> |Flora's servant<br /> |Mario Frosini<br /> |-<br /> |Commissioner<br /> |Augusto Frati<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX92T42/43<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|pp=305–306}}<br /> |-<br /> |20 December 1984<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2014<br /> * Label: Maggio Live<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: OF004<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 18 January 1985<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La bohème]]'' by [[Giacomo Puccini]] (Scenes from Act IV)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Luigi Illica]] and [[Giuseppe Giacosa]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Rodolfo<br /> |[[Luciano Pavarotti]]<br /> |-<br /> |Mimì<br /> |[[Mirella Freni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marcello<br /> |[[Wolfgang Brendel]]<br /> |-<br /> |Musetta<br /> |Margarita Guglielmi<br /> |-<br /> |Schaunard<br /> |Orazio Mori<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2010<br /> * Label: [[Orfeo (record label)|Orfeo]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: C 806 1021<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Puccini&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|10 March 1986<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''English Idyll No. 1'' by [[George Butterworth]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2007<br /> * Label: Vibrato<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: VLL 217<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Butterworth&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|Symphony No. 3]] by [[Franz Schubert]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 2000<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-713<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Schubert&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot;|19 May 1985/6{{efn|Toru Hirasawa records 19 May 1985&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt; while {{harvnb|Barber|2013|p=305}} records 19 May 1986.|name=1985/6}}<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]&lt;br&gt;[[Hitomi Kinen Kōdō|Hitomi Memorial Hall]], Tokyo<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1994<br /> * Label: Topazio<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2604.10<br /> * [[#Beethoven1985/6|Video recording exists]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Die Fledermaus]]'': Overture by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|&quot;Thunder and Lightning&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 5 February 1987<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Otello]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Arrigo Boito]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus&lt;br/&gt;[[Tokyo Bunka Kaikan]]<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Otello<br /> |[[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Desdemona<br /> |[[Mirella Freni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Iago<br /> |[[Renato Bruson]]<br /> |-<br /> |Emilia<br /> |[[Gloria Banditelli]]<br /> |-<br /> |Cassio<br /> |Ernesto Gavazzi<br /> |-<br /> |Roderigo<br /> |Gianfranco Manganotti<br /> |-<br /> |Lodovico<br /> |[[Luigi Roni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Montano<br /> |Angelo Nosotti<br /> |-<br /> |A herald<br /> |Silvestro Sammaritano<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2-706<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|20 September 1987<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 36 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 36]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]&lt;br&gt;{{ill|Teatro Grande (Pompei)|it}}<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1993<br /> * Label: Artists<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: FED 019<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 2 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 2]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 1 February 1988<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La bohème]]'' by [[Giacomo Puccini]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Luigi Illica]] and [[Giuseppe Giacosa]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Metropolitan Opera]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Rodolfo<br /> |[[Luciano Pavarotti]]<br /> |-<br /> |Mimì<br /> |[[Mirella Freni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marcello<br /> |[[Jonathan Summers]]<br /> |-<br /> |Musetta<br /> |Barbara Daniels<br /> |-<br /> |Schaunard<br /> |[[Thomas Hampson]]<br /> |-<br /> |Colline<br /> |[[Gwynne Howell]]<br /> |-<br /> |Benoît<br /> |rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|Mario Giombi<br /> |-<br /> |Alcindoro<br /> |-<br /> |Parpignol<br /> |Saverio Porzano<br /> |-<br /> |A customs Sergeant<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |A customs officer<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2003<br /> * Label: Lyrica<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: LR59<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=304}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Puccini&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|20 March 1988<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 36 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 36]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX92T13<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=303}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 2 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 2]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX92T10<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=302}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 1 January 1989{{efn|Since the concert began in the late evening of 31 December 1988, technically the dates are 31 December 1988 – 1 January 1989|name=NY1}}<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Vienna New Year's Concert]]<br /> {{collapse top|(Various pieces)|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> *&quot;[[Accelerationen]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Bauern-Polka&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Bei uns z'Haus&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Die Libelle]]&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *''[[Die Fledermaus]]'': Overture by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Künstlerleben]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Moulinet-Polka&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;[[Éljen a Magyar!]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Im Krapfenwald'l]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Frühlingsstimmen]]&quot; J.Strauss II : Frühlingsstimmen<br /> *{{ill|Pizzicato Polka|de|Pizzicato-Polka (1869)|lt=&quot;Pizzicato Polka&quot;}} by [[Josef Strauss]] and [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *''[[Ritter Pázmán]]'': Csardas by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Plappermäulchen'' by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;Jockey-Polka'' by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;[[An der schönen, blauen Donau]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *''[[Radetzky March]]'' by [[Johann Strauss I]]<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1989<br /> * Label: Sony Classical<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: MK2 45564<br /> * [[#NewYears1989DVD|Released as a DVD in 2001]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=300}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Strauss, Johann Jr. (1825-1899) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/strauss_johannjr_1825_1899_/ |accessdate=3 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Josef&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Strauss, Josef (1827-1870) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/strauss_josef_1827_1870_/ |accessdate=3 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Radetzky&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Strauss, Johann (1804-1849) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/strauss_johann_1804_1849_/ |accessdate=3 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;J&amp;J&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Strauss, Johann Jr. &amp; Josef |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/strauss_johann_jr_josef/ |accessdate=3 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 9 March 1989<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 36 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 36]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Berlin Philharmonic]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-709<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 19 March 1990<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Otello]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Arrigo Boito]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Metropolitan Opera]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Otello<br /> |[[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Desdemona<br /> |[[Katia Ricciarelli]]<br /> |-<br /> |Iago<br /> |[[Justino Díaz]]<br /> |-<br /> |Emilia<br /> |Sondra Kelly<br /> |-<br /> |Cassio<br /> |[[Barry McCauley]]<br /> |-<br /> |Roderigo<br /> |[[Charles Anthony (tenor)|Charles Anthony]]<br /> |-<br /> |Lodovico<br /> |[[Paul Plishka]]<br /> |-<br /> |Montano<br /> |Vernon Hartman<br /> |-<br /> |A herald<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2013<br /> * Label: Classical Video Rarities<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: -{{efn|name=Verdi}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 17 and 20 October 1990<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Metropolitan Opera]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: John Keenan&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Felicity Lott]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Anne Sofie von Otter]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Aage Haugland]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Barbara Bonney]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |Gottfried Hornik<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |Juliana Gondek<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |[[Anthony Laciura]]<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |[[Sarah Walker (mezzo-soprano)|Sarah Walker]]<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |James Courtney<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |[[Stanford Olsen]]<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |Beverly Withers, Linda Mays, Jean Rawn<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |Deborah Saverance<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |John Harriot<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |[[Michael Best (tenor)|Michael Best]]<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |Jeffrey Wells<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |[[Nico Castel]]<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |[[Charles Anthony (tenor)|Charles Anthony]]<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |Arthur Apy, Frank Coffey, John Bills, Donald Peck<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |Elizabeth Anguish<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |Sam Cardea<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |Ross Crolius<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1993<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX93T69/71<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 1 January 1992{{efn|Since the concert began in the late evening of 31 December 1991, technically the dates are 31 December 1991 – 1 January 1992|name=NY2}}<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Vienna New Year's Concert]]<br /> {{collapse top|(Various pieces)|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> *''[[Die lustigen Weiber von Windsor]]'' by [[Otto Nicolai]]<br /> *{{ill|Stadt und Land (Polka)|de|lt=&quot;Stadt und Land&quot;}} by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Dorfschwalben aus Österreich]]&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;Feuenfest!&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;Vergnungszug&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *''[[Der Zigeunerbaron]]'': Overture by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Tausend und eine Nacht&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Neue Pizzicato Polka]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Persischer Marsch]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Tritsch-Tratsch-Polka]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Sphärenklaege&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *{{ill|Unter Donner und Blitz|de|lt=&quot;Unter Donner und Blitz&quot;}} by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Jockey-Polka&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;[[An der schönen, blauen Donau]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *''[[Radetzky March]]'' by [[Johann Strauss I]]<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Sony Classical<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: SK 48 376<br /> * [[#NewYears1992DVD|Released as a DVD in 2004]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=301}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Josef&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Radetzky&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|16 May 1993<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 33]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1997<br /> * Label: First Classics<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: FC-116.7<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=303}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Ein Heldenleben]] by [[Richard Strauss]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1997<br /> * Label: Dumka<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: DCD-30-1<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|28 June 1994<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 33]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Berlin Philharmonic]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-704<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 7 October 1994<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] and chorus&lt;br/&gt;[[Tokyo Bunka Kaikan]]<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Felicity Lott]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Anne Sofie von Otter]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Kurt Moll]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Barbara Bonney]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |Gottfried Hornik<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2004<br /> * Label: Curtain Call<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: CCCD-1001/3<br /> * [[#Strauss2001DVD|Released as a DVD in 2001]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|5 April 1996<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 33]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-707<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|21 October 1996<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Coriolan Overture]]'' by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1997<br /> * Label: Dumka<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: DCD-30-02<br /> * [[#Coriolan2004DVD|Released as a DVD in 2004]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 33]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 6 June 1997<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Slovenian Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> | <br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: Link<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 600-1<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 18 June 1997<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]<br /> | <br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-710<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|7 January 1999 <br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-701<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|9 January 1999<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-702<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|20 February 1999<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-705<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|24 February 1999<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-708<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|26 February 1999<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-711<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Video recordings==<br /> {| class = &quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;<br /> |+ Video recordings<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Date<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Work<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Collaborators<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Release<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |{{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}}<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|27 January 1970<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|27January}}''[[Der Freischütz]]'': Overture by [[Carl Maria von Weber]]&lt;br/&gt;(and January rehearsal)<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 2003<br /> * Label: TDK<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: DVDOCCK<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Weber&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=312}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Die Fledermaus]]'': Overture by [[Johann Strauss II]]&lt;br/&gt;(and January rehearsal)<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=311}}<br /> |-<br /> | 1974 – 1976<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' by [[Richard Wagner]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bayreuth Festival]] orchestra and chorus&lt;br/&gt;Uncertain cast; one of the various casts from [[#1974|1974]], [[#1975|1975]] or [[#1976|1976]].<br /> | {{n/a|Unknown}}{{efn|{{harvnb|Barber|2013|p=312}} notes that recordings are available at [[Stanford University|Stanford University's]] archives and online.}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Wagner&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=312}}<br /> |-<br /> | 7 December 1976<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|OtelloDVD}}''[[Otello]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Romano Gandolfi&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Otello<br /> |[[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Desdemona<br /> |[[Mirella Freni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Iago<br /> |[[Piero Cappuccilli]]<br /> |-<br /> |Emilia<br /> |Jone Jori<br /> |-<br /> |Cassio<br /> |[[Giuliano Ciannella]]<br /> |-<br /> |Roderigo<br /> |[[Dano Raffanti]]<br /> |-<br /> |Lodovico<br /> |[[Luigi Roni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Montano<br /> |Orazio Mori<br /> |-<br /> |A herald<br /> |Giuseppe Morresi<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2007<br /> * Label: Opera Legacies<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: OL-D0001<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=312}}<br /> |-<br /> | 9 December 1978<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|BizetDVD}}''[[Carmen]]'' by [[Georges Bizet]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna State Opera]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Norbert Balatsch&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Carmen<br /> |[[Elena Obraztsova]]<br /> |-<br /> |Don José<br /> |[[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Escamillo<br /> |[[Yuri Mazurok]]<br /> |-<br /> |Micaëla<br /> |[[Isobel Buchanan]]<br /> |-<br /> |Zuniga<br /> |[[Kurt Rydl]]<br /> |-<br /> |Moralès<br /> |Hans Helm<br /> |-<br /> |Frasquita<br /> |Cheryl Kanfoush<br /> |-<br /> |Mercédès<br /> |Axelle Gall<br /> |-<br /> |Lillas Pastia<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Le Dancaïre<br /> |{{ill|Paul Wolfrum|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |Le Remendado<br /> |[[Heinz Zednik]]<br /> |-<br /> |A guide<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2004<br /> * Label: TDK<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: DVCS-CLOPCAR<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Bizet&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=310}}<br /> |-<br /> | 30 March 1979<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|BoheméDVD}}''[[La bohème]]'' by [[Giacomo Puccini]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Rodolfo<br /> |[[Luciano Pavarotti]]<br /> |-<br /> |Mimì<br /> |[[Ileana Cotrubaș]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marcello<br /> |[[Piero Cappuccilli]]<br /> |-<br /> |Musetta<br /> |[[Lucia Popp]]<br /> |-<br /> |Schaunard<br /> |Giorgio Giorgetti<br /> |-<br /> |Colline<br /> |Evghenij Nesterenko<br /> |-<br /> |Benoît<br /> |Claudio Giombi<br /> |-<br /> |Alcindoro<br /> |Alfredo Giacomotti<br /> |-<br /> |Parpignol<br /> |Regolo Romani<br /> |-<br /> |A customs Sergeant<br /> |[[Carlo Meliciani]]<br /> |-<br /> |A customs officer<br /> |Giuseppe Morresi<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2005<br /> * Label: Bel Canto Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: BCS-D0699<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Puccini&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=311}}<br /> |-<br /> | ? May and June 1979<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;Josef Beischer&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Gwyneth Jones (soprano)|Gwyneth Jones]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Brigitte Fassbaender]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Manfred Jungwirth]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Lucia Popp]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |[[Benno Kusche]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |Anneliese Waas<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |David Thaw<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |Gudrun Wewezow<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |Hans Wilbrink<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |[[Francisco Araiza]]<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |Evi List, Doris Linswe, Judith Auer<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |[[Isoldé Elchlepp]]<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |Osamu Kobayashi<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |Friedrich Lenz<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |Albrecht Peter<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |{{ill|Georg Paskuda|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |Norbert Orth<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |Rudolf Schwab, Walter Brem, Werner Liebl, Artur Horn<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |Elizabeth von Ihering<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |Ross Crolius<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2005<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 073 4072<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=312}}<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | 25 and 27 April 1981<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Coriolan Overture]]'' by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]&lt;br/&gt;{{ill|Teatro Juárez (Guanajuato)|es}}, Mexico<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; {{n/a|Not commercially avialable}}{{efn|name=Video|{{harvnb|Barber|2013|p=312}} notes that recordings are available at [[Stanford University|Stanford University's]] archives and online.}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=309}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Die Fledermaus]]'': Overture by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=311}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 5]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=310}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|&quot;Thunder and Lightning&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=312}}<br /> |-<br /> | 2 September 1981<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|Verdi1981}}''[[Otello]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Arrigo Boito]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus&lt;br/&gt;[[Tokyo Bunka Kaikan]]<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Otello<br /> |[[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Desdemona<br /> |[[Anna Tomowa-Sintow]]<br /> |-<br /> |Iago<br /> |[[Silvano Carroli]]<br /> |-<br /> |Emilia<br /> |Stefania Malagu<br /> |-<br /> |Cassio<br /> |Enzio Di Cesare<br /> |-<br /> |Roderigo<br /> |Ermanno Lorenzi<br /> |-<br /> |Lodovico<br /> |[[Luigi Roni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Montano<br /> |Orazio Mori<br /> |-<br /> |A herald<br /> |Giuseppe Morresi<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> | {{n/a|[[NHK]] television production: Not commercially available}}{{efn|name=Video}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=312}}<br /> |-<br /> | 15 September 1981<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|Puccini1981}}''[[La bohème]]'' by [[Giacomo Puccini]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Luigi Illica]] and [[Giuseppe Giacosa]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus&lt;br/&gt;[[Tokyo Bunka Kaikan]]<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Romano Gandolfi&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Rodolfo<br /> |[[Peter Dvorský]]<br /> |-<br /> |Mimì<br /> |[[Mirella Freni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marcello<br /> |Lorenzo Saccomani<br /> |-<br /> |Musetta<br /> |Margherita Guglielmi<br /> |-<br /> |Schaunard<br /> |{{ill|Antonio Salvadori|it}}<br /> |-<br /> |Colline<br /> |Paolo Washington<br /> |-<br /> |Benoît<br /> |Claudio Giombi<br /> |-<br /> |Alcindoro<br /> |Alfredo Giacomotti<br /> |-<br /> |Parpignol<br /> |Saverio Porzano<br /> |-<br /> |A customs Sergeant<br /> |Giuseppe Morresi<br /> |-<br /> |A customs officer<br /> |[[Carlo Meliciani]]<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> | {{n/a|[[NHK]] television production: Not commercially available}}{{efn|name=Video}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Puccini&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=311}}<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 19 and 20 October 1983<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | <br /> * Released: 1988<br /> * Label: [[Philips Records|Philips]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 070 300-1<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=310}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=310}}<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot;|19 May 1985/6{{efn|name=1985/6}}<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|Beethoven1985/6}}[[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]&lt;br&gt;[[Hitomi Kinen Kōdō|Hitomi Memorial Hall]], Tokyo<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; {{n/a|[[NHK]] television production: Not commercially available}}{{efn|name=Video}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=309}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=310}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Die Fledermaus]]'': Overture by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=311}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|&quot;Thunder and Lightning&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=311}}<br /> |-<br /> | 30–31 December 1986<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Die Fledermaus]]'' by [[Johann Strauss II]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Karl Haffner]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Udo Mehrpohl&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Gabriel von Eisenstein<br /> |[[Eberhard Waechter (baritone)|Eberhard Wächter]]<br /> |-<br /> |Rosalinde<br /> |[[Pamela Coburn]]<br /> |-<br /> |Frank<br /> |[[Benno Kusche]]<br /> |-<br /> |Prince Orlofsky<br /> |[[Brigitte Fassbaender]]<br /> |-<br /> |Alfred<br /> |[[Josef Hopferwieser]]<br /> |-<br /> |Max<br /> |[[Wolfgang Brendel]]<br /> |-<br /> |Dr Blind<br /> |[[Ferry Gruber]]<br /> |-<br /> |Adele<br /> |[[Janet Perry]]<br /> |-<br /> |Ida<br /> |Irene Steinbeisser<br /> |-<br /> |Frosch<br /> |Franz Muxeneder<br /> |-<br /> |Ivan<br /> |Ivan Unger<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2005<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 00440 073 4015<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=311}}<br /> |-<br /> | 1 January 1989{{efn|name=NY1}}<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|NewYears1989DVD}}[[Vienna New Year's Concert]]<br /> {{collapse top|(Various pieces)|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> *&quot;[[Accelerationen]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Bauern-Polka&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Bei uns z'Haus&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Die Libelle]]&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *''[[Die Fledermaus]]'': Overture by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Künstlerleben]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Moulinet-Polka&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;[[Éljen a Magyar!]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Im Krapfenwald'l]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Frühlingsstimmen]]&quot; J.Strauss II : Frühlingsstimmen<br /> *{{ill|Pizzicato Polka|de|Pizzicato-Polka (1869)|lt=&quot;Pizzicato Polka&quot;}} by [[Josef Strauss]] and [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *''[[Ritter Pázmán]]'': Csardas by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Plappermäulchen'' by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;Jockey-Polka'' by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;[[An der schönen, blauen Donau]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *''[[Radetzky March]]'' by [[Johann Strauss I]]<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2001<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 073 249-9<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Josef&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Radetzky&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;J&amp;J&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=311}}<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|6–7 October 1991<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 36 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 36]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 2004<br /> * Label: [[Philips Records|Philips]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 070 161-9<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|pp=310–311}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 2 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 2]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=310}}<br /> |-<br /> | 1 January 1992{{efn|name=NY2}}<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|NewYears1992DVD}}[[Vienna New Year's Concert]]<br /> {{collapse top|(Various pieces)|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> *''[[Die lustigen Weiber von Windsor]]'' by [[Otto Nicolai]]<br /> *{{ill|Stadt und Land (Polka)|de|lt=&quot;Stadt und Land&quot;}} by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Dorfschwalben aus Österreich]]&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;Feuenfest!&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;Vergnungszug&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *''[[Der Zigeunerbaron]]'': Overture by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Tausend und eine Nacht&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Neue Pizzicato Polka]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Persischer Marsch]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Tritsch-Tratsch-Polka]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Sphärenklaege&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *{{ill|Unter Donner und Blitz|de|lt=&quot;Unter Donner und Blitz&quot;}} by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Jockey-Polka&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;[[An der schönen, blauen Donau]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *''[[Radetzky March]]'' by [[Johann Strauss I]]<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2004<br /> * Label: Philips<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 070 152-9<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Josef&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Radetzky&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=311}}<br /> |-<br /> | 23 March 1994<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] and chorus&lt;br/&gt;[[Tokyo Bunka Kaikan]]<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Dietrich D. Gerpheide&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Felicity Lott]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Anne Sofie von Otter]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Kurt Moll]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Barbara Bonney]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |Gottfried Hornik<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |[[Olivera Miljaković]]<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |[[Heinz Zednik]]<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |Anna Gonda<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |Wolfgang Bankl<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |Keith Ikaia-Purdy<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |Felicitas Equiluz, Marianne Sattmann, Elida Zurmann<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |Lotte Leitner<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |Ulrich Großrubatscher<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |Franz Kasemann<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |Peter Wimberger<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |[[Waldemar Kmentt]]<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |Peter Jelosits<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |Robert Werner, Werner Kamenik, Karl Nebenführ, Josef Pogatschnig<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |Ingeborg Piffl<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |Heinz Totzler<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |Jörg Schneider<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2001<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 073 008-9<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=312}}<br /> |-<br /> | 7 October 1994<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|Strauss2001DVD}}''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] and chorus&lt;br/&gt;[[Tokyo Bunka Kaikan]]<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Felicity Lott]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Anne Sofie von Otter]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Kurt Moll]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Barbara Bonney]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |Gottfried Hornik<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2004<br /> * Label: Curtain Call<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: CCCD-1001/3<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|21 October 1996<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|Coriolan2004DVD}}''[[Coriolan Overture]]'' by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|<br /> * Released: 2004<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 00440 073 4017<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=309}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 33]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=310}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=310}}<br /> |-<br /> | ? December 1996<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Felicity Lott]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Anne Sofie von Otter]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Kurt Moll]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Barbara Bonney]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> | {{n/a|[[3sat]] television production: Not commercially available}}{{efn|name=Video}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=312}}<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Compilations==<br /> {| class = &quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;<br /> |+ Compilations<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Year<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Title<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Contents<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Discs<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |{{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}}<br /> |-<br /> | 2010<br /> | Complete Recordings on Deutsche Grammophon<br /> |<br /> * ''[[Der Freischütz]]'' by [[Carl Maria von Weber]] (1973) - [[Staatskapelle Dresden|SD]]<br /> * [[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 5]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]] (1975) - [[Vienna Philharmonic|VPO]]<br /> * [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]] (1976) - [[Vienna Philharmonic|VPO]]<br /> * ''[[Die Fledermaus]]'' by [[Johann Strauss II]] (1976) - [[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra|BRSO]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Karl Haffner]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * ''[[La traviata]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]] (1977) - [[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra|BRSO]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Francesco Maria Piave]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * [[Piano Concerto (Dvořák)|Piano Concerto in G minor]] by [[Antonín Dvořák]] (1977) - [[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra|BRSO]]<br /> * [[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|Symphony Nos. 3]] and [[Symphony No. 8 (Schubert)|8 &quot;Unfinished&quot;]] by [[Franz Schubert]] (1979) - [[Vienna Philharmonic|VPO]]<br /> * [[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]] (1981) - [[Vienna Philharmonic|VPO]]<br /> * ''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' by [[Richard Wagner]] (1982) - [[Staatskapelle Dresden|SD]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | 12 CDs<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Clements|2010}}<br /> |-<br /> | 2014<br /> | Complete Orchestral Recordings on Deutsche Grammophon<br /> |<br /> * [[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 5]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]] (1975) - [[Vienna Philharmonic|VPO]]<br /> * [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]] (1976) - [[Vienna Philharmonic|VPO]]<br /> * [[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|Symphony Nos. 3]] and [[Symphony No. 8 (Schubert)|8 &quot;Unfinished&quot;]] by [[Franz Schubert]] (1979) - [[Vienna Philharmonic|VPO]]<br /> * [[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]] (1981) - [[Vienna Philharmonic|VPO]]<br /> | 4 CDs<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |year=2014 |title=Complete Orchestral Recordings on Deutsche Grammophon |publisher=[[Deutsche Grammophon]] |accessdate=11 July 2020 |url=https://www.deutschegrammophon.com/en/catalogue/products/kleiber-complete-orchestral-recordings-on-dg-1351 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Posthumous documentaries==<br /> {| class = &quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;<br /> |+ Compilations<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Year<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Title<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Director<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Features<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Production<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |{{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}}<br /> |-<br /> | 2010<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''Carlos Kleiber – I Am Lost to the World''<br /> | Georg Wübbolt<br /> |<br /> * [[Ileana Cotrubas]]<br /> * [[Michael Gielen]]<br /> * [[Riccardo Muti]]<br /> * [[Otto Schenk]]<br /> * [[Ioan Holender]]<br /> * [[Peter Jonas (director)|Peter Jonas]]<br /> |<br /> * Label: C Major Entertainment<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 715304<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Kleiber, Carlos: I am Lost to the World (Documentary) (Blu-ray, HD) |publisher=[[Naxos (company)|Naxos]] |url=https://www.naxos.com/catalogue/item.asp?item_code=715304 |accessdate=8 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 2011<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''Carlos Kleiber – Traces to Nowhere''<br /> | Eric Schulz<br /> |<br /> * [[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> * [[Brigitte Fassbaender]]<br /> * [[Michael Gielen]]<br /> * [[Manfred Honeck]]<br /> * Veronika Kleiber<br /> * [[Otto Schenk]]<br /> |<br /> * Label: Arthaus Musik<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 101553<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Distributed Label Highlights April 2020 |publisher=[[Naxos (company)|Naxos]] |url=https://www.naxos.com/feature/Naxos_Distributed_Label_Highlights_0411.asp |accessdate=8 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> {{noteslist}}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==Sources==<br /> ;Books<br /> * {{cite book |last=Barber |first=Charles |year=2013 |title=Corresponding with Carlos: A Biography of Carlos Kleiber |publisher=[[Rowman &amp; Littlefield]] |location=Lanham, Maryland |isbn=978-1442231177 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=csJfojzOX_UC}} |ref=harv }}<br /> <br /> * {{cite AV media notes |year=2010 |title=Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon |type=booklet |publisher=[[Deutsche Grammophon]] |location=Berlin, Germany |ref= {{sfnref|Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon|2010}} }}<br /> <br /> ;Articles<br /> * {{cite news |last=Blyth |first=Alan |date=21 July 2004 |title=Obituary: Carlos Kleiber |publisher=[[TheGuardian.com|The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2004/jul/21/guardianobituaries.artsobituaries }}<br /> <br /> * {{cite news |last=Clark |first=Andrew |date=14 August 2012 |title=All the best: Carlos Kleiber |publisher=[[Financial Times]] |url=https://www.ft.com/content/c17c9472-e0ab-11e1-8d0f-00144feab49a }}<br /> <br /> * {{cite news |last=Clements |first=Andrew |date=29 July 2010 |title=Kleiber: Complete Recordings on Deutsche Grammophone |publisher=[[TheGuardian.com|The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2010/jul/29/kleiber-deutsche-grammophon }}<br /> <br /> * {{cite news |last=Denby |first=David |date=1 May 2012 |title=Ten Perfect Orchestral Recordings |publisher=The New Yorker |url=https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/ten-perfect-orchestral-recordings }}<br /> <br /> * {{cite news |last=Evidon |first=Richard |date=August 2004 |title= Carlos Kleiber |publisher=[[Grammy Award|Grammy Awards]] |url=https://www.grammyconnect.com/people/carlos-kleiber }}<br /> <br /> * {{cite news |last=Gutman |first=David |date=1 March 2017 |title=Carlos Kleiber: a guide to the great conductor's lesser-known recordings |publisher=[[Gramophone (magazine)|Gramophone]] |url=https://www.gramophone.co.uk/other/article/carlos-kleiber-a-guide-to-the-great-conductor-s-lesser-known-recordings }}<br /> <br /> * {{cite news |last=Libbey |first=Ted |date=24 February 2009 |title=Beethoven's Best: The Ultimate 5th Symphony |publisher=[[NPR]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2011/07/18/100890536/beethovens-best-the-ultimate-5th-symphony }}<br /> <br /> ;Online<br /> * {{cite encyclopedia |last=Barber |first=Charles |year=2001 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=Kleiber, Carlos |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford, England |doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001 |url-access=subscription |url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000015118 }} {{ODNBsub}}<br /> <br /> * {{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - label discography: Deutsche Grammophone |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc2/deutsche_grammophone/ |ref={{sfnRef|Hirasawa: Deutsche Grammophon}} }}<br /> <br /> {{Portal bar|Classical music|Opera|Music}}<br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Kleiber, Carlos, Discography}}<br /> [[Category:Discographies of classical conductors]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carlos_Kleiber_discography&diff=983578972 Carlos Kleiber discography 2020-10-15T01:27:09Z <p>Perryso: Fixed mistake of fact</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Conductor discography}}<br /> {{Infobox artist discography<br /> | Artist = [[Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> | Image = Carlos Kleiber.png<br /> | Caption = <br /> | Studio = 9<br /> | 1Option = 75<br /> | 1Option name = Live recordings<br /> | 2Option = 19<br /> | 2Option name = Video recordings<br /> | 3Option = 2<br /> | 3Option name = Compilations<br /> | 4Option = 2<br /> | 4Option name = Posthumous documentaries<br /> }}<br /> <br /> Austrian [[Conducting|conductor]] [[Carlos Kleiber]] (1930–2004) only released nine [[Recording studio|studio]] [[album]]s over the course of his entire career.{{sfn|Clements|2010}} He was famous for his elusiveness, often canceling concerts on short notice and only appearing in 96 [[orchestra|orchestral]] concerts in addition to about 620 [[opera]] performances throughout his five-decade career.{{sfn|Barber|2001}} He was equally as hesitant with recordings, stating that &quot;every unproduced record is a good record&quot;,{{sfn|Evidon|2004}} and was described as not being able to &quot;bear the thought of listeners sitting at home with a score in their hands… identifying every mistake&quot;.{{sfn|Gutman|2017}} Often his hesitancy led to him forbidding the release of some recordings,{{sfn|Clark|2012}} although in the case of ''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' in 1982, it was done against his wishes.{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=298}} The nine studio albums he did produce include four operas and five [[Symphony|symphonies]] published by [[Deutsche Grammophon]], as well as a single [[piano concerto]] with [[EMI]]. Besides a 1979 recording of two [[Franz Schubert|Schubert]] [[Schubert's symphonies|symphonies]], each release was a single work. Each of his small number of studio recordings became critically acclaimed in its own right,{{sfn|Barber|2001}} with those of [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven's]] [[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|5th]] and [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|7th]] symphonies hailed as among the greatest [[classical music]] recordings ever made.{{sfn|Denby|2012}}{{sfn|Libbey|2009}} Following his abandonment of the studio in 1982,{{sfn|Evidon|2004}} Kleiber is remembered well by 75 or so live recordings,{{sfn|Clark|2012}} of which those of ''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' and [[Vienna New Year's Concert]]s have been especially praised.{{sfn|Gutman|2017}} Kleiber's contributions in the studio and stage secured his place as not only one of the most important 20th century conductors,{{sfn|Clements|2010}}{{sfn|Barber|2001}} but as one of the greatest of all time.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=17 March 2011 |title=Carlos Kleiber voted greatest conductor of all time |publisher=BBC Worldwide Press Releases |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/bbcworldwide/worldwidestories/pressreleases/2011/03_march/carlos_kleiber.shtml| accessdate=9 July 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Kleiber would not enter the recording studio until many years into his career where in 1975 he would abandon recordings of [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven's]] [[Piano Concerto No. 5 (Beethoven)|Piano Concerto No. 5]] with [[Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli|Arturo Michelangeli]] and ''[[La bohème]]'' at La Scala in 1979. He forced [[BBC]] to destroy a 1981 broadcast with the [[London Symphony Orchestra]] of Beethoven's Symphony No. 7, Schubert's [[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|Symphony Nos. 3]] and [[Carl Maria von Weber|Weber's]] overture to ''[[Der Freischütz]]'' after the performance received negative reviews.{{sfn|Barber|2013|pp=297–298}} Kleiber's first success came in 1983 when he produced a complete recording of ''Der Freischütz'' with [[Staatskapelle Dresden]], followed by recordings with the [[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] (VPO) of Beethoven's Symphony No. 5 in 1975 and No. 7 in 1976. Both symphonies received much praise,{{sfn|Denby|2012}}{{sfn|Libbey|2009}} with one reviewer commenting on the former that &quot;it was as if [[Homer]] had come back to recite the [[Iliad]]&quot;.{{sfn|Evidon|2004}} <br /> <br /> Around the mid-1970s Kleiber became well associated with the [[Bavarian State Orchestra]], and although he abandoned a recording with them of [[Alban Berg|Berg's]] ''[[Wozzeck]]'' and [[Antonín Dvořák|Dvořák's]] [[Symphony No. 9 (Dvořák)|Symphony No. 9]],{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=300}} he subsequently released acclaimed recordings of ''[[Die Fledermaus]]'' by [[Johann Strauss II|Strauss II]] and ''[[La traviata]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi|Verdi]] in 1976 and 1977 respectively.{{sfn|Evidon|2004}} In 1977 Kleiber also released a recording of [[Antonin Dvořák|Dvořák's]] [[Piano Concerto (Dvořák)|Piano Concerto in G minor]], once again with the BRSO but notably his only studio recording that was not with Deutsche Grammophon – with EMI instead{{sfn|Clements|2010}} – and the only one with a soloist, the pianist [[Sviatoslav Richter]], whom Kliber &quot;especially loved the kindness of... and his refusal to conform or to explain his musical likes or dislikes&quot;.{{sfn|Clark|2012}} Kleiber would return to the VPO in late 1978, and release recordings of Schubert's [[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|Symphony Nos. 3]] and [[Symphony No. 8 (Schubert)|8 &quot;Unfinished&quot;]] the following year. These recordings were less acclaimed than earlier releases, especially the 3rd, but notable nonetheless.{{sfn|Clements|2010}} Kleiber would begin recording both [[Johannes Brahms|Brahms']] [[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] with the VPO and [[Richard Wagner|Wagner's]] ''Tristan und Isolde'' with Staatskapelle Dresden in 1980.{{sfn|Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon|2010|pp=4, 17, 19}} While the former would be released in 1981, the latter would continue recording until April 1982 when Kleiber walked out for unknown reasons.{{sfn|Evidon|2004}}{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=298}} It would be released later that year, to much admiration, especially for the daring yet successful pick of the young Welsh soprano [[Margaret Price]] as [[Iseult|Isolde]].{{sfn|Clark|2012}}{{sfn|Blyth|2004}}<br /> <br /> Almost all live recordings were published unofficially, the earliest of which is a 1960 recording with the [[NDR Elbphilharmonie Orchestra]] of [[Tafelmusik (Telemann)#3. Production|Suite in B flat major]] ([[Tafelmusik (Telemann)|Tafelmusik]]) by [[Georg Philipp Telemann]] and Cello Concerto in B flat major by [[Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach]]. His 75 recordings as a whole represent a limited repertoire; many recordings of the same piece, such as nine recordings of both Beethoven's 4th and 7th symphonies, ''Der Rosenkavalier'', eight recordings of ''Tristan und Isolde'', six recordings of ''La bohème'' and five recordings of the overture from ''Der Freischütz''. Out of the eighteen orchestras with which he performed,{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=334}} recordings survive from ten: the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra, Bavarian State Orchestra, Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra, Chicago Symphony Orchestra, Cologne Radio Symphony Orchestra, Munich Philharmonic Orchestra, NDR Symphony Orchestra, Slovenian Philharmonic Orchestra, Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra.{{efn|Outside of his studio recordings with them, he did not perform with the [[Staatskapelle Dresden]].{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=334}}}} Recordings of 19 live performances survive, consisting of many operas. Deutsche Grammophon released two collections in 2010 and 2014 of Kleiber's recordings under their label. Two posthumous documentaries on Kleiber were also released in 2010 and 2011.<br /> <br /> ==Studio albums==<br /> {| class = &quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;<br /> |+ Studio records<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Year<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Work(s)<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Collaborators<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |LP release<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |CD release&lt;ref&gt;Release date and {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of CDs from {{harvnb|Hirasawa: Deutsche Grammophon}}&lt;br/&gt;Catalogue numbers from {{harvnb|Barber|2013|pp=300–306}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |{{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}}<br /> |-<br /> | 1973<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Freischütz]]'' by [[Carl Maria von Weber]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Johann Friedrich Kind]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |<br /> :[[Staatskapelle Dresden]], [[MDR Rundfunkchor|Leipzig Radio Chorus]]<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Horst Neumann&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Ottokar<br /> |[[Bernd Weikl]]<br /> |-<br /> |Cuno<br /> |[[Siegfried Vogel]]<br /> |-<br /> |Agathe<br /> |[[Gundula Janowitz]]<br /> |-<br /> |Ännchen<br /> |[[Edith Mathis]]<br /> |-<br /> |Kaspar<br /> |[[Theo Adam]]<br /> |-<br /> |Max<br /> |[[Peter Schreier]]<br /> |-<br /> |Ein Eremit<br /> |[[Franz Crass]]<br /> |-<br /> |Kilian<br /> |[[Günther Leib]]<br /> |-<br /> |Four bridesmaids<br /> |Renate Hoff, Brigitte Pfretzchner,&lt;br/&gt;Renate Krahmer &amp; Ingeborg Springer<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Recorded: 22 January – 6 February, 1973; [[Leipzig]]<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2720 071<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of LPs: 2<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1986<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 415 432-2<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of CDs: 2<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon|2010|pp=21–23}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Warrack |first=John |authorlink=John Warrack |year=1986 |title=Weber Der Freischütz |publisher=[[Gramophone (magazine)|Gramophone]] |url=https://www.gramophone.co.uk/review/weber-der-freisch%C3%BCtz-13 |access-date=6 July 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 1975<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 5]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Recorded: 29, 30 March &amp; 4 April, 1974; [[Vienna]]<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2530 516<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of LPs: 1<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1984<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 415 861-2<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of CDs: 1<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon|2010|p=2}}&lt;ref name=Beethoven57&gt;{{cite news |last=Osborne |first=Richard |year=1995 |title=Beethoven Symphonies Nos 5 and 7 |publisher=[[Gramophone (magazine)|Gramophone]] |url=https://www.gramophone.co.uk/review/beethoven-symphonies-nos-5-and-7 |access-date=6 July 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 1976<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Recorded: 26–29 November, 1975 &amp; 16 January, 1976; [[Vienna]]<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2530 706<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of LPs: 1<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1984<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 415 862-2<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of CDs: 1<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon|2010|p=2}}&lt;ref name=Beethoven57/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 1976<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Die Fledermaus]]'' by [[Johann Strauss II]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Karl Haffner]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Wolfgang Baumgart&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Gabriel von Eisenstein<br /> |[[Hermann Prey]]<br /> |-<br /> |Rosalinde<br /> |[[Julia Varady]]<br /> |-<br /> |Frank<br /> |[[Benno Kusche]]<br /> |-<br /> |Prince Orlofsky<br /> |[[Iwan Rebroff]]<br /> |-<br /> |Alfred<br /> |[[René Kollo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Max<br /> |[[Bernd Weikl]]<br /> |-<br /> |Dr Blind<br /> |[[Ferry Gruber]]<br /> |-<br /> |Dr Falke<br /> |Wolfgang Brendel<br /> |-<br /> |Adele<br /> |[[Lucia Popp]]<br /> |-<br /> |Ida<br /> |Evi List<br /> |-<br /> |Frosch<br /> |Franz Muxender<br /> |-<br /> |Ivan<br /> |Nikolai Lugowoi<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Recorded: 9–14, 28 October, 1975; [[Munich]]<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2707 088<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of LPs: 2<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1986<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 415 646-2<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of CDs: 2<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon|2010|pp=7–8}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Mscott |first=Rohan |authorlink=John Warrack |year=2005 |title=Strauss (Die) Fledermaus |publisher=[[Gramophone (magazine)|Gramophone]] |url=https://www.gramophone.co.uk/review/strauss-die-fledermaus-0 |access-date=6 July 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 1977<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La traviata]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Francesco Maria Piave]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Wolfgang Baumgart&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Violetta Valéry<br /> |[[Ileana Cotrubas]]<br /> |-<br /> |Alfredo Germont<br /> |[[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Giorgio Germont<br /> |[[Sherrill Milnes]]<br /> |-<br /> |Flora Bervoix<br /> |Stefania Malagú<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |Helena Jungwirth<br /> |-<br /> |Gastone de Letorières<br /> |Walter Gullino<br /> |-<br /> |Barone Douphol<br /> |Bruno Grella<br /> |-<br /> |Marchese d'Obigny<br /> |Alfredo Giacomotti<br /> |-<br /> |Dottore Grenvil<br /> |Giovanni Foianai<br /> |-<br /> |Giuseppe<br /> |Walter Gullino<br /> |-<br /> |Flora's servant<br /> |Paul Friess<br /> |-<br /> |Commissioner<br /> |Paul Winter<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Recorded:14–21 May, 1976 &amp; 26 January, 25-26 June, 1977; [[Munich]]<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2707 103<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of LPs: 2<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1985<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 415 132-2<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of CDs: 1<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon|2010|pp=13, 16}}<br /> |-<br /> | 1977<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Piano Concerto (Dvořák)|Piano Concerto in G minor]] by [[Antonín Dvořák]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra]]&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;Piano:&lt;/small&gt; [[Sviatoslav Richter]]<br /> |<br /> * Recorded: 18–21 June, 1976; [[Munich]]<br /> * Label: [[EMI]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 5 66947 2<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of LPs: 1<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1987<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: CDC 7 47967 2<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of CDs: 1<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=302}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - label discography: EMI |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc2/emi/ |accessdate=11 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 1979<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|Symphony Nos. 3]] and [[Symphony No. 8 (Schubert)|8 &quot;Unfinished&quot;]] by [[Franz Schubert]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Recorded: 11–15 September, 1978; [[Vienna]]<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2531 124<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of LPs: 1<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1984<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 415 601-2<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of CDs: 1<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon|2010|p=5}}<br /> |-<br /> | 1981<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Recorded: 12, 15 March, 1980; [[Vienna]]<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2532 003<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of LPs: 1<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1998<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 457 706-2<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of CDs: 1<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon|2010|p=4}}<br /> |-<br /> | 1982<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' by [[Richard Wagner]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Staatskapelle Dresden]], [[MDR Rundfunkchor|Leipzig Radio Chorus]]<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Gernhard Richter&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Tristan<br /> |[[René Kollo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Isolde <br /> |[[Margaret Price]]<br /> |-<br /> |King Marke<br /> |[[Kurt Moll]]<br /> |-<br /> |Kurwenal<br /> |[[Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau]]<br /> |-<br /> |Melot<br /> |{{ill|Werner Götz|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |Brangäne<br /> |[[Brigitte Fassbaender]]<br /> |-<br /> |Shepherd<br /> |[[Anton Dermota]]<br /> |-<br /> |Helmsman<br /> |[[Wolfgang Hellmich]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sailor<br /> |[[Eberhard Büchner]]<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Recorded: August 1980 - April 1982; [[Dresden]]<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2741 006<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of LPs: 5<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1986<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 413 315-2<br /> * {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of CDs: 4<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon|2010|pp=17, 19}}<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Live recordings==<br /> {| class = &quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;<br /> |+ Live recordings<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Date<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Work<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Collaborators<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Official or earliest release{{efn|Most releases of live recordings are unofficial, when this is the case the earliest release is listed.}}<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |{{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}}<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| 7 December 1960<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Tafelmusik (Telemann)#3. Production|Suite in B flat major]] ([[Tafelmusik (Telemann)|Tafelmusik]]) by [[Georg Philipp Telemann]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[NDR Elbphilharmonie Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 2011{{efn|The We Love Carlos Society (1-709) released a recording of the Telemann in 1999 and the Cult of Classical Music (COCOM1014) in 2001 but Profil is the official release.&lt;ref name=&quot;Telemann&quot;/&gt;}}<br /> * Label: Profil<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: PH11031<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Telemann&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Telemann, George Philipp (1681-1767) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/telemann_georg_philipp_1681_1767_/ |accessdate=11 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=305}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|Cello Concerto in B flat major by [[Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[NDR Elbphilharmonie Orchestra]]&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;Cello:&lt;/small&gt; [[Irene Güdel]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Bach, Carl Philipp Emanuel (1714-1788) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/bach_carl_philipp_emanuel_1714/ |accessdate=10 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |1 December 1962<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''Le fifre enchanté, ou Le soldat magicien'': &quot;Die kleine Zauberflöte&quot; by [[Jacques Offenbach]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Charles-Louis-Étienne Nuitter|Charles Nuitter]] and [[Étienne Tréfeu]]&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;OffenbachGrove&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |last=Lamb |first=Andrew |year=2001 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=Offenbach, Jacques |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=London, England |doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.20271 |url-access=subscription |url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000020271}} {{ODNBsub}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Deutsche Oper am Rhein]] Orchestra<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Monsieur<br /> |Karl Diekmann<br /> |-<br /> |Madame<br /> |Gabrielle Treskow<br /> |-<br /> |Das Zimmermädchen der Robin<br /> |Eva Kasper<br /> |-<br /> |Soldat<br /> |Alfons Holte<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|<br /> * Released: 2013<br /> * Label: Profil<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: PH12066<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=303}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Offenbach&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Offenbach, Jacques (1819-1880) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/offenbach_jacques_1819_1880_/ |accessdate=10 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Le mariage aux lanternes]]'': &quot;Die Verlobung bei der Laterne&quot; by [[Jacques Offenbach]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Michel Carré]] and [[Léon Battu]]&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;OffenbachGrove&quot;/&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Deutsche Oper am Rhein]] Orchestra<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Catharine<br /> |{{ill|Erika Wien|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |Denise<br /> |Eva Kasper<br /> |-<br /> |Fanchette<br /> |Ditha Sommer<br /> |-<br /> |Pierre<br /> |Alfons Holte<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=303}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Offenbach&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[L'île de Tulipatan]]'': &quot;Die Insel Tulipatan&quot; by [[Jacques Offenbach]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Henri Chivot]] and [[Alfred Duru]]&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;OffenbachGrove&quot;/&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Deutsche Oper am Rhein]] Orchestra<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Cacatois XXII<br /> |Sonders Schier<br /> |-<br /> |Alexis<br /> |Eva Kasper<br /> |-<br /> |Romboïdal<br /> |{{ill|Fritz Ollendorff|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |Theodorine<br /> |Anni Körner<br /> |-<br /> |Hermoso<br /> |Alfons Holte<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Offenbach&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 5 March 1964<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[I due Foscari]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Francesco Maria Piave]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Deutsche Oper am Rhein]] Orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Francesco Foscari<br /> |Abe Polakoff<br /> |-<br /> |Jacopo Foscari<br /> |Eugene Talley-Schmidt<br /> |-<br /> |Lucrezia Contarini<br /> |Anna Green<br /> |-<br /> |Jacopo Loredano<br /> |Neagu<br /> |-<br /> |Barbarigo<br /> |Wegmann<br /> |-<br /> |Pisana<br /> |Borisch<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2014<br /> * Label: Classical Video Rarities<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: -{{efn|No catalogue number exists for this release.&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;|name=Verdi}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Verdi, Giuseppe (1813-1901) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/verdi_giuseppe_1813_1901_/ |accessdate=30 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 4 March 1965<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Falstaff (opera)|Falstaff]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Arrigo Boito]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Philharmonia Zurich|Zurich Opera Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Sir John [[Falstaff]]<br /> |[[Norman Mittelmann]]<br /> |-<br /> |Ford<br /> |William Justus<br /> |-<br /> |Alice Ford<br /> |Gerry de Groot<br /> |-<br /> |Nannetta<br /> |[[Lucille Kailer]]<br /> |-<br /> |Meg Page<br /> |Ellen Kunz<br /> |-<br /> |[[Mistress Quickly]]<br /> |{{ill|Erika Wien|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |Fenton<br /> |Ernst-August Steinhoff<br /> |-<br /> |Dr Caius<br /> |Paul Späni<br /> |-<br /> |[[Bardolph (Shakespeare character)|Bardolfo]]<br /> |Richard van Vrooman<br /> |-<br /> |[[Ancient Pistol|Pistola]]<br /> |Heiz Borst<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2009<br /> * Label: Classical Video Rarities<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: -{{efn|name=Verdi}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| 7 June 1967<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Das Lied von der Erde]]'' by [[Gustav Mahler]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Words from [[Hans Bethge (poet)|Hans Bethge]]'s ''Die chinesische Flöte''&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Symphony Orchestra]]&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;Contralto:&lt;/small&gt; [[Christa Ludwig]]&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;Tenor:&lt;/small&gt; [[Waldemar Kmentt]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2014{{efn|[http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/mahler_gustav_1860_1911_/ Many earlier recordings exist], with [[Nuova Era (record label)|Nuova Era]] (2224) in 1988 as the first; The 2014 Wiener Symphoniker edition (007) is the official release.}}<br /> * Label: Wiener Symphoniker<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 007<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|pp=302–303}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Mahler, Gustav (1860-1911) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/mahler_gustav_1860_1911_/ |accessdate=11 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 33]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1989{{efn|No official release}}<br /> * Label: [[Nuova Era (record label)|Nuova Era]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2296<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=303}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus (1756-1791) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/mozart_wolfgang_amadeus_1756_1791_/ |accessdate=11 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 29 November 1969<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Freischütz]]'': Overture by [[Carl Maria von Weber]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: Unknown<br /> * Label: Süddeutscher Rundfunk Stuttgart<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: TST-77 331-2<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Weber&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Weber, Carl Maria von (1786-1826) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/weber_carl_maria_von_1786_1826_/ |accessdate=13 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|27 January 1970<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Freischütz]]'': Overture by [[Carl Maria von Weber]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> | <br /> * Released: 1996<br /> * Label: Toshiba-EMI<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: TOLW-3751/4<br /> * [[#27January|Released as a DVD in 2003]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Weber&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Die Fledermaus]]'': Overture by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1993<br /> * Label: Capanella<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 001<br /> * [[#27January|Released as a DVD in 2003]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 22 April 1970<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Freischütz]]'': Overture by [[Carl Maria von Weber]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1996<br /> * Label: [[Toshiba EMI]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: TOLW-3751/4<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Weber&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 27 November 1970<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Wozzeck]]'' by [[Alban Berg]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by Alban Berg&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Wozzeck<br /> |[[Theo Adam]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marie<br /> |Wendy Fine<br /> |-<br /> |Marie's son<br /> |Narika Krauth<br /> |-<br /> |Captain<br /> |{{ill|Georg Paskuda|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |Doctor<br /> |Jieth Engender<br /> |-<br /> |The Drum Major<br /> |[[Fritz Uhl]]<br /> |-<br /> |Andres<br /> |Friedrich Lenz<br /> |-<br /> |Margret<br /> |Gudrun Wewezow<br /> |-<br /> |First Apprentice<br /> |[[Max Proebstl]]<br /> |-<br /> |Second Apprentice<br /> |Carl Hoppe<br /> |-<br /> |Madman<br /> |Walter Carnuth<br /> |-<br /> |A Soldier<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2007<br /> * Label: Opera Depot<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 10250-2<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Wozzeck&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Berg, Alban (1885-1935) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/berg_alban_1885_1935_/ |accessdate=10 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 24 January 1971<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Otello]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Arrigo Boito]]{{efn|Sung in a German translation}}&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Staatsorchester Stuttgart]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Otello<br /> |[[Wolfgang Windgassen]]<br /> |-<br /> |Desdemona<br /> |Elisabeth Löw-Szöky<br /> |-<br /> |Iago<br /> |Camillo Megbor<br /> |-<br /> |Emilia<br /> |Ursula Sutter<br /> |-<br /> |Cassio<br /> |James Harper<br /> |-<br /> |Roderigo<br /> |Toni Krämer<br /> |-<br /> |Lodovico<br /> |Stefan Kosso<br /> |-<br /> |Montano<br /> |Klaus Bertram<br /> |-<br /> |A herald<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2012<br /> * Label: Premiere Opera<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: CD 8196-2<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 17 June 1971<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Elektra (opera)|Elektra]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Staatsorchester Stuttgart]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Elektra<br /> |Ingrid Steger<br /> |-<br /> |Chrysothemis<br /> |Marion Lippert<br /> |-<br /> |Klytaemnestra<br /> |[[Martha Mödl]]<br /> |-<br /> |Her confidante<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Her trainbearer<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A young servant<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |An old servant<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Orest<br /> |William Wildermann<br /> |-<br /> |Orest's tutor<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Aegisth<br /> |[[Wolfgang Windgassen]]<br /> |-<br /> |An overseer<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |First maid<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Second maid<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Third maid<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Fourth maid<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Fifth maid<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: Golden Melodram<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 6.0011<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=305}}&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Strauss, Richard (1864-1949) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/strauss_richard_1864_1949_/ |accessdate=22 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 20 April 1972<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' (Scenes from Act II &amp; III) by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Gwyneth Jones (soprano)|Gwyneth Jones]]{{efn|Orfeo incorrectly listed as The Marschallin [[Claire Watson]].&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;}}<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Brigitte Fassbaender]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Karl Ridderbusch]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Lucia Popp]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |[[Benno Kusche]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |Anneliese Waas<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |David Thaw<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |[[Margarethe Bence]]<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |Hans Wilbrink<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |[[Gerhard Unger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |Albrecht Peter<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |[[Lorenz Fehenberger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2003<br /> * Label: [[Orfeo (record label)|Orfeo]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: C 580 031 B<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |27 May 1972<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 94 (Haydn)|Symphony No. 94]] by [[Joseph Haydn]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[WDR Symphony Orchestra Cologne]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Meteor<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: MCD-001<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=302}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Haydn&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Haydn, Josef (1732-1809) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/haydn_franz_josef_1732_1809_/ |accessdate=11 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Wozzeck]]'' (excerpts) by [[Alban Berg]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[WDR Symphony Orchestra Cologne]]&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;Soprano:&lt;/small&gt; Gwendy Fine<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1993<br /> * Label: Artists<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: FED 045.46<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Wozzeck&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=301}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[WDR Symphony Orchestra Cologne]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1993<br /> * Label: Artists<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: FED 018<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=301}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Beethoven, Ludwig van (1770-1827) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/beethoven_ludwig_van_1770_1827_/ |accessdate=17 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |24 July 1972<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'': &quot;Prelude&quot; and &quot;[[Liebestod]]&quot; by [[Richard Wagner]]{{efn|The orchestral arrangement by Wagner himself}}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2006<br /> * Label: Golden Melodram<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 4.0081<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=306}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Wagner&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Wagner, Richard (1813-1883) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/wagner_richard_1813_1883_/ |accessdate=18 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 12 December 1972<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 2 (Borodin)|Symphony No. 2]] by [[Alexander Borodin]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1996{{efn|[http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/borodin_alexander_1833_1887_/ Many earlier recordings exist], with [[Nuova Era (record label)|Nuova Era]] (HR4410) in 1991 as the first; The 1996 Mediaphon edition (75.103) is the first official release, with the 2004 [[Hänssler]] edition (93.116) as the second.}}<br /> * Label: Mediaphon<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 75.103<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|pp=301–302}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Borodin, Alexander (1833-1887) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/borodin_alexander_1833_1887_/ |accessdate=11 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |22 April 1973<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' by [[Richard Wagner]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Staatsorchester Stuttgart]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Tristan<br /> |[[Wolfgang Windgassen]]<br /> |-<br /> |Isolde <br /> |[[Catarina Ligendza]]<br /> |-<br /> |King Marke<br /> |[[Gottlob Frick]]<br /> |-<br /> |Kurwenal<br /> |[[Gustav Neidlinger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Melot<br /> |Gustav Grefe<br /> |-<br /> |Brangäne<br /> |[[Grace Hoffmann]]<br /> |-<br /> |Shepherd<br /> |{{ill|Alfred Pfeilfle|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |Helmsman<br /> |Kurt-Egon Opp<br /> |-<br /> |Sailor<br /> |Toni Krämer<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2003<br /> * Label: Living Stage<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: LS-1052<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Wagner&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 13 July 1973<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Claire Watson]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Brigitte Fassbaender]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Karl Ridderbusch]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Lucia Popp]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |[[Benno Kusche]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |Annelie Waas<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |David Thaw<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |[[Margarethe Bence]]<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |Hans Wilbrink<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |[[Gerhard Unger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |Evi List, Doris Linswe, Daphne Evangelatos<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |[[Isoldé Elchlepp]]<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |Wolfgang Pirke<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |[[Franz Klarwein]]<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |Albrecht Peter<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |{{ill|Georg Paskuda|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |[[Lorenz Fehenberger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |Rudolf Schwab, Walter Brem, Werner Liebl, Artur Horn<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |Reinhard Schmidt<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |Elizabeth von Ihering<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |Karl Schrader<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |Hans Mursch<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX92T49/51 <br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |7 October 1973<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' by [[Richard Wagner]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Norbert Balatsch&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Tristan<br /> |[[Hans Hopf]]<br /> |-<br /> |Isolde <br /> |[[Catarina Ligendza]]<br /> |-<br /> |King Marke<br /> |[[Hans Sotin]]<br /> |-<br /> |Kurwenal<br /> |[[Gustav Neidlinger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Melot<br /> |Hans Helm<br /> |-<br /> |Brangäne<br /> |[[Ruža Pospiš-Baldani]]<br /> |-<br /> |Shepherd<br /> |Horst Nitsche<br /> |-<br /> |Helmsman<br /> |Georg Tichy<br /> |-<br /> |Sailor<br /> |[[Anton Dermota]]<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX93T18/20<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=306}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Wagner&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 15 June 1974<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Royal Opera House]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Helga Dernesch]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Yvonne Minton]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Jules Bastin]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |Teresa Cahill<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |[[Derek Hammond-Stroud]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |Gwyneth Price<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |John Dobson<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |[[Gillian Knight]]<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |Paul Hudson<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |[[Ermanno Mauro]]<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |Edward Byles<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |Eric Garrett<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |Malcohn Campbell<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |Adrian de Peyer<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2012<br /> * Label: Classical Video Rarities<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: -{{efn|No catalogue number exists for this release.&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |25 July 1974<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' by [[Richard Wagner]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bayreuth Festival]] orchestra and chorus{{anchor|1974}}<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Tristan<br /> |{{ill|Helge Brilioth|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |Isolde <br /> |[[Catarina Ligendza]]<br /> |-<br /> |King Marke<br /> |[[Kurt Moll]]<br /> |-<br /> |Kurwenal<br /> |[[Donald McIntyre]]<br /> |-<br /> |Melot<br /> |Herbert Steinbach<br /> |-<br /> |Brangäne<br /> |[[Yvonne Minton]]<br /> |-<br /> |Shepherd<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Helmsman<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Sailor<br /> |[[Heinz Zednik]]<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1996<br /> * Label: Hypnos<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: HYP254/6<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Wagner&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 31 December 1974<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Die Fledermaus]]'' by [[Johann Strauss II]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Karl Haffner]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;<br /> |-<br /> |Gabriel von Eisenstein<br /> |[[Eberhard Waechter (baritone)|Eberhard Wächter]]<br /> |-<br /> |Rosalinde<br /> |[[Gundula Janowitz]]<br /> |-<br /> |Frank<br /> |[[Benno Kusche]]<br /> |-<br /> |Prince Orlofsky<br /> |[[Brigitte Fassbaender]]<br /> |-<br /> |Alfred<br /> |[[Waldemar Kmentt]]<br /> |-<br /> |Max<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Dr Blind<br /> |[[Lorenz Fehenberger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Dr. Falke<br /> |[[Wolfgang Brendel]]<br /> |-<br /> |Adele<br /> |Carol Malone<br /> |-<br /> |Ida<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Frosch<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Ivan<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1996<br /> * Label: Hypnos<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: HYP252/3<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |26 April 1975<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La traviata]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Francesco Maria Piave]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Violetta Valéry<br /> |[[Ileana Cotrubaș]]<br /> |-<br /> |Alfredo Germont<br /> |[[Giacomo Aragall]]<br /> |-<br /> |Giorgio Germont<br /> |[[Wolfgang Brendel]]<br /> |-<br /> |Flora Bervoix<br /> |Doris Linser<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |Helena Jungwirth<br /> |-<br /> |Gastone de Letorières<br /> |Will Brokmeir<br /> |-<br /> |Barone Douphol<br /> |Hans Wilbrink<br /> |-<br /> |Marchese d'Obigny<br /> |Kar Hoppe<br /> |-<br /> |Dottore Grenvil<br /> |[[Max Pröbstl]]<br /> |-<br /> |Giuseppe<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Flora's servant<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Commissioner<br /> |Paul Winter<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2004<br /> * Label: Memories<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: ME-1014/5<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |4 August 1975<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' by [[Richard Wagner]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bayreuth Festival]] orchestra and chorus{{anchor|1975}}<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Norbert Balatsch&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Tristan<br /> |{{ill|Helge Brilioth|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |Isolde <br /> |[[Catarina Ligendza]]<br /> |-<br /> |King Marke<br /> |[[Kurt Moll]]<br /> |-<br /> |Kurwenal<br /> |[[Donald McIntyre]]<br /> |-<br /> |Melot<br /> |Heribert Steinbach<br /> |-<br /> |Brangäne<br /> |[[Yvonne Minton]]<br /> |-<br /> |Shepherd<br /> |[[Heinz Zednik]]<br /> |-<br /> |Helmsman<br /> |Nikolaus Hillebrand<br /> |-<br /> |Sailor<br /> |[[Heinz Zednik]]<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX92T54/56<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Wagner&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 4 May 1976<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Evelyn Lear]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Brigitte Fassbaender]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Karl Ridderbusch]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Lucia Popp]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |Raymond Wolanky<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |Silvana Zanolli<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |Franco Casteliana<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |Stefania Malagu<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |Antonio Savastano<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |Walter Gullino<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |Alfredo Giacomotti<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |Aronne Ceroni<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2000<br /> * Label: Myto<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 3MCD002.218<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |30 July 1976<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' by [[Richard Wagner]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bayreuth Festival]] orchestra and chorus{{anchor|1976}}<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Tristan<br /> |Spas Wenkoff<br /> |-<br /> |Isolde <br /> |[[Catarina Ligendza]]<br /> |-<br /> |King Marke<br /> |[[Karl Ridderbusch]]<br /> |-<br /> |Kurwenal<br /> |[[Donald McIntyre]]<br /> |-<br /> |Melot<br /> |Heribert Steinbach<br /> |-<br /> |Brangäne<br /> |[[Yvonne Minton]]<br /> |-<br /> |Shepherd<br /> |[[Heinz Zednik]]<br /> |-<br /> |Helmsman<br /> |Heinz Feldhoff<br /> |-<br /> |Sailor<br /> |[[Heinz Zednik]]<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1989<br /> * Label: Legendary<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: LR196-4<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Wagner&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 7 December 1976<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Otello]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Arrigo Boito]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Romano Gandolfi&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Otello<br /> |[[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Desdemona<br /> |[[Mirella Freni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Iago<br /> |Piero Cappuccilli<br /> |-<br /> |Emilia<br /> |Jone Jori<br /> |-<br /> |Cassio<br /> |Giuliano Ciannella<br /> |-<br /> |Roderigo<br /> |Dano Raffanti<br /> |-<br /> |Lodovico<br /> |[[Luigi Roni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Montano<br /> |Orazio Mori<br /> |-<br /> |A herald<br /> |Giuseppe Morresi<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1978<br /> * Label: Bruno Walter Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: IGI-302<br /> * [[#OtelloDVD|Released as a DVD in 2007]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 6/14 May 1977{{efn|Toru Hirasawa records 14 May 1977&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt; while {{harnvb|Barber|2013|p=305}} records 6 May 1977.}}<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Elektra (opera)|Elektra]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Royal Opera House]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Elektra<br /> |[[Birgit Nilsson]]<br /> |-<br /> |Chrysothemis<br /> |[[Gwyneth Jones (soprano)|Gwyneth Jones]]<br /> |-<br /> |Klytaemnestra<br /> |{{ill|Marta Szirmay|hu|Szirmay Márta}}<br /> |-<br /> |Her confidante<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Her trainbearer<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A young servant<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |An old servant<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Orest<br /> |[[Donald McIntyre]]<br /> |-<br /> |Orest's tutor<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Aegisth<br /> |Charles Craig<br /> |-<br /> |An overseer<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |First maid<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Second maid<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Third maid<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Fourth maid<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Fifth maid<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: Golden Melodram<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 6.0001<br /> |align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=305}}&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |16 June 1977<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La traviata]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Francesco Maria Piave]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Violetta Valéry<br /> |Adriana Maliponte<br /> |-<br /> |Alfredo Germont<br /> |Benita Maresca<br /> |-<br /> |Giorgio Germont<br /> |[[Wolfgang Brendel]]<br /> |-<br /> |Flora Bervoix<br /> |Doris Linser<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |Helene Jungwirth<br /> |-<br /> |Gastone de Letorières<br /> |Friedrich Lenz<br /> |-<br /> |Barone Douphol<br /> |Hans Wilbrink<br /> |-<br /> |Marchese d'Obigny<br /> |Gerhard Auer<br /> |-<br /> |Dottore Grenvil<br /> |[[Max Pröbstl]]<br /> |-<br /> |Giuseppe<br /> |Rusolf Chizzali<br /> |-<br /> |Flora's servant<br /> |Markus Goritzky<br /> |-<br /> |Commissioner<br /> |Hermann Sapell<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: Golden Melodram<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 6.000<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 15 July 1977<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Gwyneth Jones (soprano)|Gwyneth Jones]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Brigitte Fassbaender]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Karl Ridderbusch]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Lucia Popp]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |[[Benno Kusche]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |Anneliese Waas<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |David Thaw<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |Gudrun Wewezow<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |Hans Wilbrink<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |[[Gerhard Unger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |Jana Schmid-Hutova, Ruth Folkert, Helena Jungwirth<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |Franz Wilbrink<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |Albrecht Peter<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |{{ill|Georg Paskuda|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |[[Lorenz Fehenberger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |Kirst Rix Forsman<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: Unknown<br /> * Label: Legendary<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: LR179-4/LRCD1014-3<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 31 July 1977<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Helga Dernesch]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Brigitte Fassbaender]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Kurt Moll]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Lucia Popp]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |[[Benno Kusche]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |Anneliese Waas<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |David Thaw<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |Gudrun Wewezow<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |Hans Wilbrink<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |[[Gerhard Unger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |[[Franz Klarwein]]<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |Albrecht Peter<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |{{ill|Georg Paskuda|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |[[Lorenz Fehenberger]]<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |Kirst Rix Forsman<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2003<br /> * Label: Living Stage<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: LS1040<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 31 October 1977<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Otello]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Arrigo Boito]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Otello<br /> |Carlo Cassutta<br /> |-<br /> |Desdemona<br /> |Julia Varady<br /> |-<br /> |Iago<br /> |Piero Cappuccilli<br /> |-<br /> |Emilia<br /> |Gudrun Wewezow<br /> |-<br /> |Cassio<br /> |Benito Maresca<br /> |-<br /> |Roderigo<br /> |Norbert Orth<br /> |-<br /> |Lodovico<br /> |Nikolaus Hillebrand<br /> |-<br /> |Montano<br /> |Hans Wilbrink<br /> |-<br /> |A herald<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2006<br /> * Label: Golden Melodram<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: GM 5.0061<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |12 April 1978<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' by [[Richard Wagner]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Tristan<br /> |Spas Wenkoff<br /> |-<br /> |Isolde <br /> |[[Catarina Ligendza]]<br /> |-<br /> |King Marke<br /> |[[Kurt Moll]]<br /> |-<br /> |Kurwenal<br /> |Siegmund Nimsgern<br /> |-<br /> |Melot<br /> |Gianpaolo Corradi<br /> |-<br /> |Brangäne<br /> |[[Ruža Pospiš-Baldani]]<br /> |-<br /> |Shepherd<br /> |Prero de Palma<br /> |-<br /> |Helmsman<br /> |Giovanno Foiani<br /> |-<br /> |Sailor<br /> |Walter Gulling<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: Myto<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 3MCD993.208<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Wagner&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |? April 1978{{efn|While listed as a recording from 5 April 1978, it is thought to be from a later date, either the 19th, 23rd or 26th of April 1978.&lt;ref name=&quot;Wagner&quot;/&gt;}}<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' by [[Richard Wagner]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2016<br /> * Label: PremiereOpera<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: PO30439<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Wagner&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |12 June 1978<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La traviata]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Francesco Maria Piave]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Hermann Sapell&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Violetta Valéry<br /> |[[Ileana Cotrubaș]]<br /> |-<br /> |Alfredo Germont<br /> |[[Giacomo Aragall]]<br /> |-<br /> |Giorgio Germont<br /> |[[Renato Bruson]]<br /> |-<br /> |Flora Bervoix<br /> |Doris Linser<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |Helene Jungwirth<br /> |-<br /> |Gastone de Letorières<br /> |Friedrich Lenz<br /> |-<br /> |Barone Douphol<br /> |Hans Wilbrinck<br /> |-<br /> |Marchese d'Obigny<br /> |Gerhard Auer<br /> |-<br /> |Dottore Grenvil<br /> |[[Max Pröbstl]]<br /> |-<br /> |Giuseppe<br /> |Rudolf Chizzali<br /> |-<br /> |Flora's servant<br /> |Markus Goritzky<br /> |-<br /> |Commissioner<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1993<br /> * Label: Artists<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: FED045/6<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=305}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |12 October 1978<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Freischütz]]'': Overture by [[Carl Maria von Weber]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Chicago Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1990<br /> * Label: Recitative<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 116<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Weber&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 5]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=301}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|Symphony No. 3]] by [[Franz Schubert]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX92T21<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=304}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Schubert&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Schubert, Franz (1797-1828) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/schubert_franz_1797_1828_/ |accessdate=18 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 22 March 1979<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Carmen]]'' by [[Georges Bizet]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Henri Meilhac]] and [[Ludovic Halévy]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Norbert Balatsch&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Carmen<br /> |Elena Obraztsova<br /> |-<br /> |Don José<br /> |[[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Escamillo<br /> |[[Yuri Mazurok]]<br /> |-<br /> |Micaëla<br /> |Isobel Buchanan<br /> |-<br /> |Zuniga<br /> |Kurt Rydl<br /> |-<br /> |Moralès<br /> |Hans Helm<br /> |-<br /> |Frasquita<br /> |Cheryl Kanfoush<br /> |-<br /> |Mercédès<br /> |Axelle Gall<br /> |-<br /> |Lillas Pastia<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Le Dancaïre<br /> |Paul Wolfrum<br /> |-<br /> |Le Remendado<br /> |[[Heinz Zednik]]<br /> |-<br /> |A guide<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX92T11/12<br /> * [[#BizetDVD|Released as a DVD in 2004]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Bizet&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Bizet, George (1838-1875) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/bizet_georges_1838_1875_/ |accessdate=22 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 22 March 1979<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La bohème]]'' by [[Giacomo Puccini]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Luigi Illica]] and [[Giuseppe Giacosa]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Rodolfo<br /> |[[Luciano Pavarotti]]<br /> |-<br /> |Mimì<br /> |[[Ileana Cotrubaș]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marcello<br /> |Piero Cappuccilli<br /> |-<br /> |Musetta<br /> |[[Lucia Popp]]<br /> |-<br /> |Schaunard<br /> |Giorgio Giorgetti<br /> |-<br /> |Colline<br /> |Evghenij Nesterenko<br /> |-<br /> |Benoît<br /> |Claudio Giombi<br /> |-<br /> |Alcindoro<br /> |Alfredo Giacomotti<br /> |-<br /> |Parpignol<br /> |Regolo Romani<br /> |-<br /> |A customs Sergeant<br /> |Carlo Meliciani<br /> |-<br /> |A customs officer<br /> |Giuseppe Morresi<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX92T01/2<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=303}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Puccini&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Puccini, Giacomo (1858-1924) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/puccini_giacomo_1858_1924_/ |accessdate=20 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 30 March 1979<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La bohème]]'' by [[Giacomo Puccini]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Luigi Illica]] and [[Giuseppe Giacosa]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1990{{efn|The date of a Legendary (LR162-2) release is uncertain so it may be earlier than the Recitative (115) release.&lt;ref name=&quot;Puccini&quot;/&gt;}}<br /> * Label: Recitative<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 115<br /> * [[#BoheméDVD|Released as a DVD in 2005]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=304}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Puccini&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 7 November 1979<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La bohème]]'' by [[Giacomo Puccini]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Luigi Illica]] and [[Giuseppe Giacosa]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Royal Opera House]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Rodolfo<br /> |[[Giacomo Aragall]]<br /> |-<br /> |Mimì<br /> |[[Ileana Cotrubaș]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marcello<br /> |[[Jonathan Summers]]<br /> |-<br /> |Musetta<br /> |Sona Ghazarian<br /> |-<br /> |Schaunard<br /> |John Rawnsley<br /> |-<br /> |Colline<br /> |[[Gwynne Howell]]<br /> |-<br /> |Benoît<br /> |Eric Barett<br /> |-<br /> |Alcindoro<br /> |John Dobson<br /> |-<br /> |Parpignol<br /> |Robert Bowman<br /> |-<br /> |A customs Sergeant<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |A customs officer<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2-703<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Puccini&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|16 December 1979<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Freischütz]]'': Overture by [[Carl Maria von Weber]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX92T25<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Weber&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=306}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 33]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Casanova<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: CA-002<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Brahms, Johannes (1833-1897) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/brahms_johannes_1833_1897_/ |accessdate=19 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | February 1980{{efn|The exact date is unknown.&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;}}<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Otello]]'' (Act I Dress rehearsal) by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Arrigo Boito]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Royal Opera House]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Romano Gandolfi&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Otello<br /> |[[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Desdemona<br /> |[[Mirella Freni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Iago<br /> |Piero Cappuccilli<br /> |-<br /> |Emilia<br /> |Jone Jori<br /> |-<br /> |Cassio<br /> |Giuliano Ciannella<br /> |-<br /> |Roderigo<br /> |Dano Raffanti<br /> |-<br /> |Lodovico<br /> |[[Luigi Roni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Montano<br /> |Orazio Mori<br /> |-<br /> |A herald<br /> |Giuseppe Morresi<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2013<br /> * Label: Classical Video Rarities<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: -{{efn|name=Verdi}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 19 February 1980<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Otello]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Arrigo Boito]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2001<br /> * Label: Golden Melodram<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 5.0028<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=312}}<br /> |-<br /> | 2 March 1981<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|&quot;Thunder and Lightning&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]bruh<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-710<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 2 September 1981<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Otello]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Arrigo Boito]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus&lt;br/&gt;[[Tokyo Bunka Kaikan]]<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Otello<br /> |[[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Desdemona<br /> |Anna Tomowa-Sintow<br /> |-<br /> |Iago<br /> |Silvano Carroli<br /> |-<br /> |Emilia<br /> |Stefania Malagu<br /> |-<br /> |Cassio<br /> |Enzio Di Cesare<br /> |-<br /> |Roderigo<br /> |Ermanno Lorenzi<br /> |-<br /> |Lodovico<br /> |[[Luigi Roni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Montano<br /> |Orazio Mori<br /> |-<br /> |A herald<br /> |Giuseppe Morresi<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1993<br /> * Label: Artists<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: FED020/21<br /> * [[#Verdi1981|Video recording exists]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 15 September 1981<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La bohème]]'' by [[Giacomo Puccini]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Luigi Illica]] and [[Giuseppe Giacosa]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus&lt;br/&gt;[[Tokyo Bunka Kaikan]]<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Romano Gandolfi&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Rodolfo<br /> |Peter Dvorsky<br /> |-<br /> |Mimì<br /> |[[Mirella Freni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marcello<br /> |Lorenzo Saccomani<br /> |-<br /> |Musetta<br /> |Margherita Guglielmi<br /> |-<br /> |Schaunard<br /> |Antonio Salvadori<br /> |-<br /> |Colline<br /> |Paolo Washington<br /> |-<br /> |Benoît<br /> |Claudio Giombi<br /> |-<br /> |Alcindoro<br /> |Alfredo Giacomotti<br /> |-<br /> |Parpignol<br /> |Saverio Porzano<br /> |-<br /> |A customs Sergeant<br /> |Giuseppe Morresi<br /> |-<br /> |A customs officer<br /> |Carlo Meliciani<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1993<br /> * Label: Artists<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: FED015/16<br /> * [[#Puccini1981|Video recording exists]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Puccini&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|28 February 1982<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 94 (Haydn)|Symphony No. 94]] by [[Joseph Haydn]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX91T13 or EX92T13<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=302}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Haydn&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX91T25<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|3 May 1982<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1984<br /> * Label: [[Orfeo (record label)|Orfeo]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: C 100 841 A<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=301}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2006<br /> * Label: [[Orfeo (record label)|Orfeo]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: C 700 051 C<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|7 November 1983<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 94 (Haydn)|Symphony No. 94]] by [[Joseph Haydn]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 2000<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-712<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=302}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Haydn&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 6 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 6]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=301}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|2 June 1983<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''English Idyll No. 1'' by [[George Butterworth]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Chicago Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1993<br /> * Label: Artists<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: FED 045.46<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=302}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Butterworth&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Butterworth, George (1885-1916) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/butterworth_george_1885_1916_/ |accessdate=15 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 33]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 2001<br /> * Label: Passion &amp; Concentration<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: PACO1021<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 2 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 2]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |9 December 1984<br /> ! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La traviata]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Francesco Maria Piave]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Orchestra del Maggio Musicale Fiorentino]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Roberto Gabbiani&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Violetta Valéry<br /> |[[Cecilia Gasdia]]<br /> |-<br /> |Alfredo Germont<br /> |Peter Dvorski<br /> |-<br /> |Giorgio Germont<br /> |[[Giorgio Zancanaro]]<br /> |-<br /> |Flora Bervoix<br /> |Edith Martelli<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |Giuliana Matteini<br /> |-<br /> |Gastone de Letorières<br /> |Maurizio Barbacini<br /> |-<br /> |Barone Douphol<br /> |Guido Mazzini<br /> |-<br /> |Marchese d'Obigny<br /> |Giorgio Giorgetti<br /> |-<br /> |Dottore Grenvil<br /> |Leonardo Monreale<br /> |-<br /> |Giuseppe<br /> |Ottavio Taddei<br /> |-<br /> |Flora's servant<br /> |Mario Frosini<br /> |-<br /> |Commissioner<br /> |Augusto Frati<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX92T42/43<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|pp=305–306}}<br /> |-<br /> |20 December 1984<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2014<br /> * Label: Maggio Live<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: OF004<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 18 January 1985<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La bohème]]'' by [[Giacomo Puccini]] (Scenes from Act IV)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Luigi Illica]] and [[Giuseppe Giacosa]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Rodolfo<br /> |[[Luciano Pavarotti]]<br /> |-<br /> |Mimì<br /> |[[Mirella Freni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marcello<br /> |[[Wolfgang Brendel]]<br /> |-<br /> |Musetta<br /> |Margarita Guglielmi<br /> |-<br /> |Schaunard<br /> |Orazio Mori<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2010<br /> * Label: [[Orfeo (record label)|Orfeo]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: C 806 1021<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Puccini&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|10 March 1986<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''English Idyll No. 1'' by [[George Butterworth]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2007<br /> * Label: Vibrato<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: VLL 217<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Butterworth&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|Symphony No. 3]] by [[Franz Schubert]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 2000<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-713<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Schubert&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot;|19 May 1985/6{{efn|Toru Hirasawa records 19 May 1985&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt; while {{harvnb|Barber|2013|p=305}} records 19 May 1986.|name=1985/6}}<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]&lt;br&gt;[[Hitomi Kinen Kōdō|Hitomi Memorial Hall]], Tokyo<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1994<br /> * Label: Topazio<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2604.10<br /> * [[#Beethoven1985/6|Video recording exists]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Die Fledermaus]]'': Overture by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|&quot;Thunder and Lightning&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 5 February 1987<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Otello]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Arrigo Boito]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus&lt;br/&gt;[[Tokyo Bunka Kaikan]]<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Otello<br /> |[[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Desdemona<br /> |[[Mirella Freni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Iago<br /> |[[Renato Bruson]]<br /> |-<br /> |Emilia<br /> |[[Gloria Banditelli]]<br /> |-<br /> |Cassio<br /> |Ernesto Gavazzi<br /> |-<br /> |Roderigo<br /> |Gianfranco Manganotti<br /> |-<br /> |Lodovico<br /> |[[Luigi Roni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Montano<br /> |Angelo Nosotti<br /> |-<br /> |A herald<br /> |Silvestro Sammaritano<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 2-706<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|20 September 1987<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 36 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 36]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]&lt;br&gt;{{ill|Teatro Grande (Pompei)|it}}<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1993<br /> * Label: Artists<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: FED 019<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 2 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 2]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 1 February 1988<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[La bohème]]'' by [[Giacomo Puccini]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Luigi Illica]] and [[Giuseppe Giacosa]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Metropolitan Opera]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Rodolfo<br /> |[[Luciano Pavarotti]]<br /> |-<br /> |Mimì<br /> |[[Mirella Freni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marcello<br /> |[[Jonathan Summers]]<br /> |-<br /> |Musetta<br /> |Barbara Daniels<br /> |-<br /> |Schaunard<br /> |[[Thomas Hampson]]<br /> |-<br /> |Colline<br /> |[[Gwynne Howell]]<br /> |-<br /> |Benoît<br /> |rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|Mario Giombi<br /> |-<br /> |Alcindoro<br /> |-<br /> |Parpignol<br /> |Saverio Porzano<br /> |-<br /> |A customs Sergeant<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |A customs officer<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2003<br /> * Label: Lyrica<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: LR59<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=304}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Puccini&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|20 March 1988<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 36 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 36]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX92T13<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=303}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 2 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 2]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX92T10<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=302}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 1 January 1989{{efn|Since the concert began in the late evening of 31 December 1988, technically the dates are 31 December 1988 – 1 January 1989|name=NY1}}<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Vienna New Year's Concert]]<br /> {{collapse top|(Various pieces)|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> *&quot;[[Accelerationen]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Bauern-Polka&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Bei uns z'Haus&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Die Libelle]]&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *''[[Die Fledermaus]]'': Overture by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Künstlerleben]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Moulinet-Polka&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;[[Éljen a Magyar!]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Im Krapfenwald'l]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Frühlingsstimmen]]&quot; J.Strauss II : Frühlingsstimmen<br /> *{{ill|Pizzicato Polka|de|Pizzicato-Polka (1869)|lt=&quot;Pizzicato Polka&quot;}} by [[Josef Strauss]] and [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *''[[Ritter Pázmán]]'': Csardas by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Plappermäulchen'' by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;Jockey-Polka'' by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;[[An der schönen, blauen Donau]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *''[[Radetzky March]]'' by [[Johann Strauss I]]<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1989<br /> * Label: Sony Classical<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: MK2 45564<br /> * [[#NewYears1989DVD|Released as a DVD in 2001]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=300}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Strauss, Johann Jr. (1825-1899) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/strauss_johannjr_1825_1899_/ |accessdate=3 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Josef&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Strauss, Josef (1827-1870) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/strauss_josef_1827_1870_/ |accessdate=3 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Radetzky&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Strauss, Johann (1804-1849) |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/strauss_johann_1804_1849_/ |accessdate=3 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;J&amp;J&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - discography: Strauss, Johann Jr. &amp; Josef |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc/strauss_johann_jr_josef/ |accessdate=3 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 9 March 1989<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 36 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 36]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Berlin Philharmonic]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-709<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 19 March 1990<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Otello]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Arrigo Boito]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Metropolitan Opera]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Otello<br /> |[[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Desdemona<br /> |[[Katia Ricciarelli]]<br /> |-<br /> |Iago<br /> |[[Justino Díaz]]<br /> |-<br /> |Emilia<br /> |Sondra Kelly<br /> |-<br /> |Cassio<br /> |[[Barry McCauley]]<br /> |-<br /> |Roderigo<br /> |[[Charles Anthony (tenor)|Charles Anthony]]<br /> |-<br /> |Lodovico<br /> |[[Paul Plishka]]<br /> |-<br /> |Montano<br /> |Vernon Hartman<br /> |-<br /> |A herald<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2013<br /> * Label: Classical Video Rarities<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: -{{efn|name=Verdi}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 17 and 20 October 1990<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Metropolitan Opera]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: John Keenan&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Felicity Lott]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Anne Sofie von Otter]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Aage Haugland]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Barbara Bonney]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |Gottfried Hornik<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |Juliana Gondek<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |[[Anthony Laciura]]<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |[[Sarah Walker (mezzo-soprano)|Sarah Walker]]<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |James Courtney<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |[[Stanford Olsen]]<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |Beverly Withers, Linda Mays, Jean Rawn<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |Deborah Saverance<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |John Harriot<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |[[Michael Best (tenor)|Michael Best]]<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |Jeffrey Wells<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |[[Nico Castel]]<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |[[Charles Anthony (tenor)|Charles Anthony]]<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |Arthur Apy, Frank Coffey, John Bills, Donald Peck<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |Elizabeth Anguish<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |Sam Cardea<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |Ross Crolius<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1993<br /> * Label: Exclusive<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: EX93T69/71<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 1 January 1992{{efn|Since the concert began in the late evening of 31 December 1991, technically the dates are 31 December 1991 – 1 January 1992|name=NY2}}<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Vienna New Year's Concert]]<br /> {{collapse top|(Various pieces)|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> *''[[Die lustigen Weiber von Windsor]]'' by [[Otto Nicolai]]<br /> *{{ill|Stadt und Land (Polka)|de|lt=&quot;Stadt und Land&quot;}} by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Dorfschwalben aus Österreich]]&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;Feuenfest!&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;Vergnungszug&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *''[[Der Zigeunerbaron]]'': Overture by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Tausend und eine Nacht&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Neue Pizzicato Polka]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Persischer Marsch]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Tritsch-Tratsch-Polka]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Sphärenklaege&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *{{ill|Unter Donner und Blitz|de|lt=&quot;Unter Donner und Blitz&quot;}} by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Jockey-Polka&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;[[An der schönen, blauen Donau]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *''[[Radetzky March]]'' by [[Johann Strauss I]]<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1992<br /> * Label: Sony Classical<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: SK 48 376<br /> * [[#NewYears1992DVD|Released as a DVD in 2004]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=301}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Josef&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Radetzky&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|16 May 1993<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 33]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1997<br /> * Label: First Classics<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: FC-116.7<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=303}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Ein Heldenleben]] by [[Richard Strauss]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 1997<br /> * Label: Dumka<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: DCD-30-1<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|28 June 1994<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 33]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Berlin Philharmonic]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-704<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 7 October 1994<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] and chorus&lt;br/&gt;[[Tokyo Bunka Kaikan]]<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Felicity Lott]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Anne Sofie von Otter]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Kurt Moll]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Barbara Bonney]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |Gottfried Hornik<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2004<br /> * Label: Curtain Call<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: CCCD-1001/3<br /> * [[#Strauss2001DVD|Released as a DVD in 2001]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|5 April 1996<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 33]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-707<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|21 October 1996<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Coriolan Overture]]'' by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1997<br /> * Label: Dumka<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: DCD-30-02<br /> * [[#Coriolan2004DVD|Released as a DVD in 2004]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 33]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 6 June 1997<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Slovenian Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> | <br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: Link<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 600-1<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 18 June 1997<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]<br /> | <br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-710<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|7 January 1999 <br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-701<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|9 January 1999<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-702<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|20 February 1999<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-705<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|24 February 1999<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-708<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|26 February 1999<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 1999<br /> * Label: We love Carlos Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 1-711<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Video recordings==<br /> {| class = &quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;<br /> |+ Video recordings<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Date<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Work<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Collaborators<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Release<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |{{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}}<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|27 January 1970<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|27January}}''[[Der Freischütz]]'': Overture by [[Carl Maria von Weber]]&lt;br/&gt;(and January rehearsal)<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 2003<br /> * Label: TDK<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: DVDOCCK<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Weber&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=312}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Die Fledermaus]]'': Overture by [[Johann Strauss II]]&lt;br/&gt;(and January rehearsal)<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=311}}<br /> |-<br /> | 1974 – 1976<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' by [[Richard Wagner]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bayreuth Festival]] orchestra and chorus&lt;br/&gt;Uncertain cast; one of the various casts from [[#1974|1974]], [[#1975|1975]] or [[#1976|1976]].<br /> | {{n/a|Unknown}}{{efn|{{harvnb|Barber|2013|p=312}} notes that recordings are available at [[Stanford University|Stanford University's]] archives and online.}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Wagner&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=312}}<br /> |-<br /> | 7 December 1976<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|OtelloDVD}}''[[Otello]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Romano Gandolfi&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Otello<br /> |[[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Desdemona<br /> |[[Mirella Freni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Iago<br /> |[[Piero Cappuccilli]]<br /> |-<br /> |Emilia<br /> |Jone Jori<br /> |-<br /> |Cassio<br /> |[[Giuliano Ciannella]]<br /> |-<br /> |Roderigo<br /> |[[Dano Raffanti]]<br /> |-<br /> |Lodovico<br /> |[[Luigi Roni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Montano<br /> |Orazio Mori<br /> |-<br /> |A herald<br /> |Giuseppe Morresi<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2007<br /> * Label: Opera Legacies<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: OL-D0001<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=312}}<br /> |-<br /> | 9 December 1978<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|BizetDVD}}''[[Carmen]]'' by [[Georges Bizet]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna State Opera]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Norbert Balatsch&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Carmen<br /> |[[Elena Obraztsova]]<br /> |-<br /> |Don José<br /> |[[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Escamillo<br /> |[[Yuri Mazurok]]<br /> |-<br /> |Micaëla<br /> |[[Isobel Buchanan]]<br /> |-<br /> |Zuniga<br /> |[[Kurt Rydl]]<br /> |-<br /> |Moralès<br /> |Hans Helm<br /> |-<br /> |Frasquita<br /> |Cheryl Kanfoush<br /> |-<br /> |Mercédès<br /> |Axelle Gall<br /> |-<br /> |Lillas Pastia<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |-<br /> |Le Dancaïre<br /> |{{ill|Paul Wolfrum|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |Le Remendado<br /> |[[Heinz Zednik]]<br /> |-<br /> |A guide<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: #EAECF0&quot; |Unknown<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2004<br /> * Label: TDK<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: DVCS-CLOPCAR<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Bizet&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=310}}<br /> |-<br /> | 30 March 1979<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|BoheméDVD}}''[[La bohème]]'' by [[Giacomo Puccini]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Rodolfo<br /> |[[Luciano Pavarotti]]<br /> |-<br /> |Mimì<br /> |[[Ileana Cotrubaș]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marcello<br /> |[[Piero Cappuccilli]]<br /> |-<br /> |Musetta<br /> |[[Lucia Popp]]<br /> |-<br /> |Schaunard<br /> |Giorgio Giorgetti<br /> |-<br /> |Colline<br /> |Evghenij Nesterenko<br /> |-<br /> |Benoît<br /> |Claudio Giombi<br /> |-<br /> |Alcindoro<br /> |Alfredo Giacomotti<br /> |-<br /> |Parpignol<br /> |Regolo Romani<br /> |-<br /> |A customs Sergeant<br /> |[[Carlo Meliciani]]<br /> |-<br /> |A customs officer<br /> |Giuseppe Morresi<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2005<br /> * Label: Bel Canto Society<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: BCS-D0699<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Puccini&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=311}}<br /> |-<br /> | ? May and June 1979<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;Josef Beischer&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Gwyneth Jones (soprano)|Gwyneth Jones]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Brigitte Fassbaender]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Manfred Jungwirth]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Lucia Popp]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |[[Benno Kusche]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |Anneliese Waas<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |David Thaw<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |Gudrun Wewezow<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |Hans Wilbrink<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |[[Francisco Araiza]]<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |Evi List, Doris Linswe, Judith Auer<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |[[Isoldé Elchlepp]]<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |Osamu Kobayashi<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |Friedrich Lenz<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |Albrecht Peter<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |{{ill|Georg Paskuda|de}}<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |Norbert Orth<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |Rudolf Schwab, Walter Brem, Werner Liebl, Artur Horn<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |Elizabeth von Ihering<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |Ross Crolius<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2005<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 073 4072<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=312}}<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | 25 and 27 April 1981<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Coriolan Overture]]'' by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]&lt;br/&gt;{{ill|Teatro Juárez (Guanajuato)|es}}, Mexico<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; {{n/a|Not commercially avialable}}{{efn|name=Video|{{harvnb|Barber|2013|p=312}} notes that recordings are available at [[Stanford University|Stanford University's]] archives and online.}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=309}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Die Fledermaus]]'': Overture by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=311}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 5]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=310}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|&quot;Thunder and Lightning&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=312}}<br /> |-<br /> | 2 September 1981<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|Verdi1981}}''[[Otello]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Arrigo Boito]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus&lt;br/&gt;[[Tokyo Bunka Kaikan]]<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |Otello<br /> |[[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> |-<br /> |Desdemona<br /> |[[Anna Tomowa-Sintow]]<br /> |-<br /> |Iago<br /> |[[Silvano Carroli]]<br /> |-<br /> |Emilia<br /> |Stefania Malagu<br /> |-<br /> |Cassio<br /> |Enzio Di Cesare<br /> |-<br /> |Roderigo<br /> |Ermanno Lorenzi<br /> |-<br /> |Lodovico<br /> |[[Luigi Roni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Montano<br /> |Orazio Mori<br /> |-<br /> |A herald<br /> |Giuseppe Morresi<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> | {{n/a|[[NHK]] television production: Not commercially available}}{{efn|name=Video}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Verdi&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=312}}<br /> |-<br /> | 15 September 1981<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|Puccini1981}}''[[La bohème]]'' by [[Giacomo Puccini]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Luigi Illica]] and [[Giuseppe Giacosa]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[La Scala]] orchestra and chorus&lt;br/&gt;[[Tokyo Bunka Kaikan]]<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Romano Gandolfi&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Rodolfo<br /> |[[Peter Dvorský]]<br /> |-<br /> |Mimì<br /> |[[Mirella Freni]]<br /> |-<br /> |Marcello<br /> |Lorenzo Saccomani<br /> |-<br /> |Musetta<br /> |Margherita Guglielmi<br /> |-<br /> |Schaunard<br /> |{{ill|Antonio Salvadori|it}}<br /> |-<br /> |Colline<br /> |Paolo Washington<br /> |-<br /> |Benoît<br /> |Claudio Giombi<br /> |-<br /> |Alcindoro<br /> |Alfredo Giacomotti<br /> |-<br /> |Parpignol<br /> |Saverio Porzano<br /> |-<br /> |A customs Sergeant<br /> |Giuseppe Morresi<br /> |-<br /> |A customs officer<br /> |[[Carlo Meliciani]]<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> | {{n/a|[[NHK]] television production: Not commercially available}}{{efn|name=Video}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Puccini&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=311}}<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 19 and 20 October 1983<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | <br /> * Released: 1988<br /> * Label: [[Philips Records|Philips]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 070 300-1<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=310}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=310}}<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot;|19 May 1985/6{{efn|name=1985/6}}<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|Beethoven1985/6}}[[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]&lt;br&gt;[[Hitomi Kinen Kōdō|Hitomi Memorial Hall]], Tokyo<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; {{n/a|[[NHK]] television production: Not commercially available}}{{efn|name=Video}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=309}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=310}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Die Fledermaus]]'': Overture by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=311}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|&quot;Thunder and Lightning&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=311}}<br /> |-<br /> | 30–31 December 1986<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Die Fledermaus]]'' by [[Johann Strauss II]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Karl Haffner]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Udo Mehrpohl&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Gabriel von Eisenstein<br /> |[[Eberhard Waechter (baritone)|Eberhard Wächter]]<br /> |-<br /> |Rosalinde<br /> |[[Pamela Coburn]]<br /> |-<br /> |Frank<br /> |[[Benno Kusche]]<br /> |-<br /> |Prince Orlofsky<br /> |[[Brigitte Fassbaender]]<br /> |-<br /> |Alfred<br /> |[[Josef Hopferwieser]]<br /> |-<br /> |Max<br /> |[[Wolfgang Brendel]]<br /> |-<br /> |Dr Blind<br /> |[[Ferry Gruber]]<br /> |-<br /> |Adele<br /> |[[Janet Perry]]<br /> |-<br /> |Ida<br /> |Irene Steinbeisser<br /> |-<br /> |Frosch<br /> |Franz Muxeneder<br /> |-<br /> |Ivan<br /> |Ivan Unger<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2005<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 00440 073 4015<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=311}}<br /> |-<br /> | 1 January 1989{{efn|name=NY1}}<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|NewYears1989DVD}}[[Vienna New Year's Concert]]<br /> {{collapse top|(Various pieces)|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> *&quot;[[Accelerationen]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Bauern-Polka&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Bei uns z'Haus&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Die Libelle]]&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *''[[Die Fledermaus]]'': Overture by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Künstlerleben]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Moulinet-Polka&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;[[Éljen a Magyar!]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Im Krapfenwald'l]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Frühlingsstimmen]]&quot; J.Strauss II : Frühlingsstimmen<br /> *{{ill|Pizzicato Polka|de|Pizzicato-Polka (1869)|lt=&quot;Pizzicato Polka&quot;}} by [[Josef Strauss]] and [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *''[[Ritter Pázmán]]'': Csardas by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Plappermäulchen'' by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;Jockey-Polka'' by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;[[An der schönen, blauen Donau]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *''[[Radetzky March]]'' by [[Johann Strauss I]]<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2001<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 073 249-9<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Josef&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Radetzky&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;J&amp;J&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=311}}<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|6–7 October 1991<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 36 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 36]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|<br /> * Released: 2004<br /> * Label: [[Philips Records|Philips]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 070 161-9<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|pp=310–311}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 2 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 2]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=310}}<br /> |-<br /> | 1 January 1992{{efn|name=NY2}}<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|NewYears1992DVD}}[[Vienna New Year's Concert]]<br /> {{collapse top|(Various pieces)|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> *''[[Die lustigen Weiber von Windsor]]'' by [[Otto Nicolai]]<br /> *{{ill|Stadt und Land (Polka)|de|lt=&quot;Stadt und Land&quot;}} by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Dorfschwalben aus Österreich]]&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;Feuenfest!&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;Vergnungszug&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *''[[Der Zigeunerbaron]]'': Overture by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Tausend und eine Nacht&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Neue Pizzicato Polka]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Persischer Marsch]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;[[Tritsch-Tratsch-Polka]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Sphärenklaege&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *{{ill|Unter Donner und Blitz|de|lt=&quot;Unter Donner und Blitz&quot;}} by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *&quot;Jockey-Polka&quot; by [[Josef Strauss]]<br /> *&quot;[[An der schönen, blauen Donau]]&quot; by [[Johann Strauss II]]<br /> *''[[Radetzky March]]'' by [[Johann Strauss I]]<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]]<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2004<br /> * Label: Philips<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 070 152-9<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Johannjr&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Josef&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Radetzky&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=311}}<br /> |-<br /> | 23 March 1994<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] and chorus&lt;br/&gt;[[Tokyo Bunka Kaikan]]<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;Chorus Master: Dietrich D. Gerpheide&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Felicity Lott]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Anne Sofie von Otter]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Kurt Moll]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Barbara Bonney]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |Gottfried Hornik<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |[[Olivera Miljaković]]<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |[[Heinz Zednik]]<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |Anna Gonda<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |Wolfgang Bankl<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |Keith Ikaia-Purdy<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |Felicitas Equiluz, Marianne Sattmann, Elida Zurmann<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |Lotte Leitner<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |Ulrich Großrubatscher<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |Franz Kasemann<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |Peter Wimberger<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |[[Waldemar Kmentt]]<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |Peter Jelosits<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |Robert Werner, Werner Kamenik, Karl Nebenführ, Josef Pogatschnig<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |Ingeborg Piffl<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |Heinz Totzler<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |Jörg Schneider<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2001<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 073 008-9<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=312}}<br /> |-<br /> | 7 October 1994<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|Strauss2001DVD}}''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] and chorus&lt;br/&gt;[[Tokyo Bunka Kaikan]]<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Felicity Lott]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Anne Sofie von Otter]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Kurt Moll]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Barbara Bonney]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |Gottfried Hornik<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> |<br /> * Released: 2004<br /> * Label: Curtain Call<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: CCCD-1001/3<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;RStrauss&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|21 October 1996<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|{{anchor|Coriolan2004DVD}}''[[Coriolan Overture]]'' by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Bavarian State Orchestra]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|<br /> * Released: 2004<br /> * Label: [[Deutsche Grammophon]]<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 00440 073 4017<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Beethoven&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=309}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|Symphony No. 33]] by [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mozart&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=310}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|[[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]]<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Brahms&quot;/&gt;{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=310}}<br /> |-<br /> | ? December 1996<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''[[Der Rosenkavalier]]'' by [[Richard Strauss]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] and chorus<br /> {{collapse top|Cast|bg=#c6dbf7}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> |+Cast<br /> |-<br /> !Role<br /> !Cast<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin<br /> |[[Felicity Lott]]<br /> |-<br /> |Octavian<br /> |[[Anne Sofie von Otter]]<br /> |-<br /> |Baron Ochs auf Lerchenau<br /> |[[Kurt Moll]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sophie von Faninal<br /> |[[Barbara Bonney]]<br /> |-<br /> |Herr von Faninal<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Marianne<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Valzacchi<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Annina<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A notary<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |An Italian singer<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Three noble orphans<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A milliner<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A vendor of pets<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Faninal's Major-Domo<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |A police inspector<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |The Marschallin's Major-Domo<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |An innkeeper<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Four lackeys<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Flutist<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Noble Widow<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Hairdresser<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |-<br /> |Leupold<br /> |{{n/a|Unknown}}<br /> |}<br /> {{collapse bottom}}<br /> | {{n/a|[[3sat]] television production: Not commercially available}}{{efn|name=Video}}<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Barber|2013|p=312}}<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Compilations==<br /> {| class = &quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;<br /> |+ Compilations<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Year<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Title<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Contents<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Discs<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |{{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}}<br /> |-<br /> | 2010<br /> | Complete Recordings on Deutsche Grammophon<br /> |<br /> * ''[[Der Freischütz]]'' by [[Carl Maria von Weber]] (1973) - [[Staatskapelle Dresden|SD]]<br /> * [[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 5]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]] (1975) - [[Vienna Philharmonic|VPO]]<br /> * [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]] (1976) - [[Vienna Philharmonic|VPO]]<br /> * ''[[Die Fledermaus]]'' by [[Johann Strauss II]] (1976) - [[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra|BRSO]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Karl Haffner]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * ''[[La traviata]]'' by [[Giuseppe Verdi]] (1977) - [[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra|BRSO]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Libretto by [[Francesco Maria Piave]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * [[Piano Concerto (Dvořák)|Piano Concerto in G minor]] by [[Antonín Dvořák]] (1977) - [[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra|BRSO]]<br /> * [[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|Symphony Nos. 3]] and [[Symphony No. 8 (Schubert)|8 &quot;Unfinished&quot;]] by [[Franz Schubert]] (1979) - [[Vienna Philharmonic|VPO]]<br /> * [[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]] (1981) - [[Vienna Philharmonic|VPO]]<br /> * ''[[Tristan und Isolde]]'' by [[Richard Wagner]] (1982) - [[Staatskapelle Dresden|SD]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Text by Richard Wagner&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | 12 CDs<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|{{sfn|Clements|2010}}<br /> |-<br /> | 2014<br /> | Complete Orchestral Recordings on Deutsche Grammophon<br /> |<br /> * [[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 5]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]] (1975) - [[Vienna Philharmonic|VPO]]<br /> * [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|Symphony No. 7]] by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]] (1976) - [[Vienna Philharmonic|VPO]]<br /> * [[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|Symphony Nos. 3]] and [[Symphony No. 8 (Schubert)|8 &quot;Unfinished&quot;]] by [[Franz Schubert]] (1979) - [[Vienna Philharmonic|VPO]]<br /> * [[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] by [[Johannes Brahms]] (1981) - [[Vienna Philharmonic|VPO]]<br /> | 4 CDs<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |year=2014 |title=Complete Orchestral Recordings on Deutsche Grammophon |publisher=[[Deutsche Grammophon]] |accessdate=11 July 2020 |url=https://www.deutschegrammophon.com/en/catalogue/products/kleiber-complete-orchestral-recordings-on-dg-1351 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Posthumous documentaries==<br /> {| class = &quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;<br /> |+ Compilations<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Year<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Title<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Director<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Features<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Production<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |{{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}}<br /> |-<br /> | 2010<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''Carlos Kleiber – I Am Lost to the World''<br /> | Georg Wübbolt<br /> |<br /> * [[Ileana Cotrubas]]<br /> * [[Michael Gielen]]<br /> * [[Riccardo Muti]]<br /> * [[Otto Schenk]]<br /> * [[Ioan Holender]]<br /> * [[Peter Jonas (director)|Peter Jonas]]<br /> |<br /> * Label: C Major Entertainment<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 715304<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Kleiber, Carlos: I am Lost to the World (Documentary) (Blu-ray, HD) |publisher=[[Naxos (company)|Naxos]] |url=https://www.naxos.com/catalogue/item.asp?item_code=715304 |accessdate=8 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 2011<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|''Carlos Kleiber – Traces to Nowhere''<br /> | Eric Schulz<br /> |<br /> * [[Plácido Domingo]]<br /> * [[Brigitte Fassbaender]]<br /> * [[Michael Gielen]]<br /> * [[Manfred Honeck]]<br /> * Veronika Kleiber<br /> * [[Otto Schenk]]<br /> |<br /> * Label: Arthaus Musik<br /> * {{Abbr|Cat|Catalogue}}: 101553<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Distributed Label Highlights April 2020 |publisher=[[Naxos (company)|Naxos]] |url=https://www.naxos.com/feature/Naxos_Distributed_Label_Highlights_0411.asp |accessdate=8 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> {{noteslist}}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==Sources==<br /> ;Books<br /> * {{cite book |last=Barber |first=Charles |year=2013 |title=Corresponding with Carlos: A Biography of Carlos Kleiber |publisher=[[Rowman &amp; Littlefield]] |location=Lanham, Maryland |isbn=978-1442231177 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=csJfojzOX_UC}} |ref=harv }}<br /> <br /> * {{cite AV media notes |year=2010 |title=Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon |type=booklet |publisher=[[Deutsche Grammophon]] |location=Berlin, Germany |ref= {{sfnref|Carlos Kleiber - Complete Recordings On Deutsche Grammophon|2010}} }}<br /> <br /> ;Articles<br /> * {{cite news |last=Blyth |first=Alan |date=21 July 2004 |title=Obituary: Carlos Kleiber |publisher=[[TheGuardian.com|The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2004/jul/21/guardianobituaries.artsobituaries }}<br /> <br /> * {{cite news |last=Clark |first=Andrew |date=14 August 2012 |title=All the best: Carlos Kleiber |publisher=[[Financial Times]] |url=https://www.ft.com/content/c17c9472-e0ab-11e1-8d0f-00144feab49a }}<br /> <br /> * {{cite news |last=Clements |first=Andrew |date=29 July 2010 |title=Kleiber: Complete Recordings on Deutsche Grammophone |publisher=[[TheGuardian.com|The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2010/jul/29/kleiber-deutsche-grammophon }}<br /> <br /> * {{cite news |last=Denby |first=David |date=1 May 2012 |title=Ten Perfect Orchestral Recordings |publisher=The New Yorker |url=https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/ten-perfect-orchestral-recordings }}<br /> <br /> * {{cite news |last=Evidon |first=Richard |date=August 2004 |title= Carlos Kleiber |publisher=[[Grammy Award|Grammy Awards]] |url=https://www.grammyconnect.com/people/carlos-kleiber }}<br /> <br /> * {{cite news |last=Gutman |first=David |date=1 March 2017 |title=Carlos Kleiber: a guide to the great conductor's lesser-known recordings |publisher=[[Gramophone (magazine)|Gramophone]] |url=https://www.gramophone.co.uk/other/article/carlos-kleiber-a-guide-to-the-great-conductor-s-lesser-known-recordings }}<br /> <br /> * {{cite news |last=Libbey |first=Ted |date=24 February 2009 |title=Beethoven's Best: The Ultimate 5th Symphony |publisher=[[NPR]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2011/07/18/100890536/beethovens-best-the-ultimate-5th-symphony }}<br /> <br /> ;Online<br /> * {{cite encyclopedia |last=Barber |first=Charles |year=2001 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=Kleiber, Carlos |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford, England |doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001 |url-access=subscription |url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000015118 }} {{ODNBsub}}<br /> <br /> * {{cite web |last=Hirasawa |first=Toru |title=Carlos Kleiber - label discography: Deutsche Grammophone |url=http://www.thrsw.com/ckdisc2/deutsche_grammophone/ |ref={{sfnRef|Hirasawa: Deutsche Grammophon}} }}<br /> <br /> {{Portal bar|Classical music|Opera|Music}}<br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Kleiber, Carlos, Discography}}<br /> [[Category:Discographies of classical conductors]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Peony_Pavilion&diff=962252223 The Peony Pavilion 2020-06-12T23:55:55Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:湯顯祖.jpg|thumb|250px|Portrait of the playwright, '''Tang Xianzu''']][[File:The Peony Pavilion WDL7112.jpg|thumb|Script of '''''Du Liniang Revives For Love''''' |277x277px]]'''''The Peony Pavilion''''' ({{lang-zh|t=牡丹亭|s=牡丹亭|p=Mǔdān tíng|w=Mu-tan t'ing}}), also named ''The Return of Soul at the Peony Pavilion'', is a romantic tragicomedy play written by dramatist [[Tang Xianzu]] in 1598, and the plot was drawn from the short story ''Du Liniang Revives For Love.'' It depicts a love story between Du Liniang and Liu Mengmei that overcomes all difficulties, transcending time and space, life and death; the pair unite at the end. Tang's play diverges from the short story in that it dynamically integrates the legendary and the reality in Ming Dynasty. Scenes of love in dreams, Du Liniang's revival, or any supernatural element seem absurd in play, but it reflects the sprout of humanism, through protagonists' strong desire and unremitting pursuit of free love, and uncovers the degeneracy of the society under feudalism at that time.<br /> <br /> The play was originally written for staging as [[Kunqu]] opera, one of genres of traditional Chinese theatre arts. It was first performed in 1598 at the [[Pavilion of Prince Teng]]. With its sophisticated plot, magnificent dramatic structure and well-depicted characters, ''The Peony Pavilion'' has become the most popular play from the Ming dynasty and Du Liniang became one of the most representative women in ancient Chinese drama. Most audience and contemporary critics have a high estimation of the play. It has become one of the most classic in traditional Chinese theatre art, and Kun theatre troupes can not consider their repertoire complete without this play.<br /> <br /> Tang Xianzu was one of the greatest dramatists and writers in Ming Dynasty, and ''The Peony Pavilion'' can be regarded as his most successful masterpiece in his life. It is also one of drama in Tang's famous collection ''Linchuan si meng'' (The Four Dreams in the Jade Tea Hall), the other three plays are ''Zichai Ji (''The Purple Hairpin), ''Nanke Ji'' (A Dream Under the Southern Bough) and ''Handan Ji'' (The Handan Dream). Both the play and its dramatist get a high reputation on Chinese and international stages, and the study on Tang Xianzu has become a popular subject today.<br /> <br /> The play has a total of 55 scenes,&lt;ref name=&quot;Birchpxiv&quot;&gt;Birch, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=b7EkXzmpwF4C&amp;pg=PR14&amp;dq=%22with+forty+plus,+is+not+unduly+long,%22&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ei=rWaYUtLGKMPjoASdxYHACg&amp;ved=0CEEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&amp;q=%22with%20forty%20plus%2C%20is%20not%20unduly%20long%2C%22&amp;f=false xiv].&lt;/ref&gt; which can run for more than 22 hours onstage.&lt;ref&gt;Lunden, Jeff, &quot;The Peony Pavilion, a Vivid Dream in a Garden.&quot; NPR Music, November 30, 2012. https://www.npr.org/sections/deceptivecadence/2012/11/30/166153763/the-peony-pavilion-a-vivid-dream-in-a-garden.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Synopsis ==<br /> [[File:Mudan Ting Huanhun Ji.jpg|thumb|303x303px|Illustration of Du Liniang drawing her self-portrait, from a Jiuwotang Hall imprint of ''The Peony Pavilion'', Ming dynasty]]<br /> The performance onstage traditionally focuses on the love scene between [[Du Liniang]] and [[Liu Mengmei]], but its original text also contains subplots pertaining to the falling [[Song Dynasty]]'s defense against the aggression of the [[Jin Dynasty, 1115–1234|Jin Dynasty]]. The story is set in the last days of the Southern Song Dynasty. On a fine spring day, her maid persuades Miss Du Liniang, the sixteen-year-old daughter of an important official, Du Bao, to take a stroll in the garden, where she falls asleep. In Miss Du's dream, she encounters a young scholar (identified later in the play as Liu Mengmei, whom in real life she has never met). Liu Mengmei's bold advances ignite a passionate romance between the two lovers and it flourishes rapidly. Du Liniang's dream is interrupted by a flower petal falling on her (according to her soliloquy in a later act, &quot;Retracting the Dream&quot;). Du Liniang can not seem to get the oneiric love affair out of her mind, and her lovesickness quickly consumes her. Unable to recover from her [[Fixation (psychology)|fixation]], Du Liniang wastes away and dies.<br /> <br /> The president of the [[underworld]] adjudicates that marriage between Du Liniang and Liu Mengmei is [[predestined]] and Du Liniang ought to return to the earthly world. Du Liniang then appears to Liu Mengmei in his dreams who now inhabits the garden where Du Liniang had her fateful dream. Recognising Du Bao's deceased daughter to be the girl who turns up in his dreams, Liu agrees to [[Burial#Exhumation|exhume]] her body upon her request and this is how Du Liniang is brought back to life. Liu visits Du Bao and informs him of his daughter's [[resurrection]]. The disbelieving and furious Du Bao threw Liu into prison for being a [[grave robber]] and an impostor.<br /> <br /> The ending of the story follows the formula of many Chinese comedies. Liu Mengmei narrowly escapes death by torture thanks to the arrival of the results of the [[imperial examination]] in which Liu has topped the list. The [[Chinese Emperor|emperor]] pardons all.<br /> <br /> In the first scene, there is a four-sentence introductory speech succinctly summarizing the main storyline:<br /> {{quote|<br /> ''&quot;'''Du Liniang draws a portrait true to life;'''''<br /> <br /> '''''Chen Zuiliang brings about the peace once more;'''''<br /> <br /> '''''Liu Mengmei meets his resurrected wife;'''''<br /> <br /> '''''Du Bao gives tortures to his son-in-law.&quot;'''''<br /> <br /> }}<br /> <br /> == Scenes ==<br /> There are total of fifty-five scenes in the play.<br /> <br /> (''This is the version translated by Zhang Guangqian''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=The peony pavilion|last=1550-1616.|first=Tang, Xianzu|others=Zhang, Guang-qian|isbn=7119026925|edition=1st ed., [Rev. ed.]|location=Beijing|oclc=49607176}}&lt;/ref&gt; Scenes in boldface are those usually adopted/performed onstage.)<br /> <br /> {{col-begin}}<br /> {{col-3}}<br /> 1. The Prologue<br /> <br /> 4. The Pedant's Complaint<br /> <br /> 7. The Family School<br /> <br /> 10. '''A Surprising Dream'''<br /> <br /> 13. Setting Out<br /> <br /> 16. An Inquiry<br /> <br /> 19. A Female Bandit<br /> <br /> 22. En Route<br /> <br /> 25. Recalling the Daughter<br /> <br /> 28. '''Secret Rendezvous'''<br /> <br /> 31. War Preparations<br /> <br /> 34. The Prescription<br /> <br /> 37. The Shocked Pedant<br /> <br /> 40. The Humpback Espier<br /> <br /> 43. Defending Huai'an<br /> <br /> 46. Outwitting the Bandits<br /> <br /> 49. Lodging by River Huai<br /> <br /> 52. Searching for the ''Zhuangyuan''<br /> <br /> 55. A Decreed Reunion<br /> {{col-3}}<br /> <br /> 2. Ambitious Thoughts<br /> <br /> 5. Engaging a Tutor<br /> <br /> 8. Supervising Agriculture<br /> <br /> 11. King Warning<br /> <br /> 14. '''Drawing a Self-portrait'''<br /> <br /> 17. The Taoist Nun<br /> <br /> 20. Untimely Death<br /> <br /> 23. '''The Nether Judge'''<br /> <br /> 26. Admiring the Portrait<br /> <br /> 29. Suspicious Aroused<br /> <br /> 32. '''A Vow'''<br /> <br /> 35. '''Resurrection'''<br /> <br /> 38. Planning an Attack<br /> <br /> 41. Delayed for the Examination<br /> <br /> 44. Filial Concern<br /> <br /> 47. The End of the Siege<br /> <br /> 50. An Uninvited Guest<br /> <br /> 53. Under Torture<br /> {{col-3}}<br /> <br /> 3. Disciplining the Daughter<br /> <br /> 6. A Dismal View<br /> <br /> 9. Clearing the Garden<br /> <br /> 12. '''Retracing the Dream'''<br /> <br /> 15. Invaders<br /> <br /> 18. The Diagnoses<br /> <br /> 21. Meeting the Envoy<br /> <br /> 24. '''Discovering the Portrait'''<br /> <br /> 27. The Wandering Soul<br /> <br /> 30. Interrupting the Amour<br /> <br /> 33. Confiding the Scheme<br /> <br /> 36. '''Abscondence of the Newlyweds'''<br /> <br /> 39. Reaching Lin'an<br /> <br /> 42. Transferring on Huai'an<br /> <br /> 45. The Two Defrauders<br /> <br /> 48. A Reunion with the Mother<br /> <br /> 51. The Proclamation of the Results<br /> <br /> 54. The Happy Tidings<br /> {{col-3}}<br /> {{col-end}}<br /> <br /> == Characters ==<br /> There are about 160 odd characters in the play and 30 of main characters are vividly represented,&lt;ref&gt;Tan Xianzu. ''Library of Chinese Classics - The Peony Pavilion''. Translated by Wang Rongpei, Human People’s Publishing House and Foreign Language Press, 2000. p54&lt;/ref&gt; especially:<br /> * '''Du Liniang''' is a sixteen-year-old young lady, daughter of Du Bao. The play's female protagonist.<br /> * '''Liu Mengmei''' is a young scholar, Du Liniang's lover. The play's male protagonist. <br /> * '''Du Bao''' is a court official, father of Du Liniang.<br /> * '''Chunxiang''' is a maid to Du Liniang.<br /> * '''Chen Zuiliang''' is a Confucian follower, who failed imperial examinations for fifteen times in his life, and later became Du Liniang's tutor.<br /> * '''Sister Stone''' is the pivotal role in Du Liniang's revival and facilitates this young couple's happy union in the end.<br /> <br /> == Interpretation and criticism ==<br /> <br /> === Script and its staging ===<br /> Albeit conventional in its narrative structure, notably its ''[[deus ex machina]]'' ending, ''The Peony Pavilion'' is hailed as one of the high points of Chinese literature because of the highly refined and subtle lyrics that it features. Accentuated by the then newly developed [[Kunqu|Kun]] music, the lyrical prose of the play patiently weave a fabric of nuances and metaphors that elegantly transgresses the apparent divide between nature's beauty and man's inner cosmos of emotions and desires. Through the lights and shadows of this lyrical fabric transpire ravishing delicacy and intoxicating effeteness and yet, almost antithetically, a persistent undercurrent of youthful optimism. The magic of the play's prose embedded in Kunqu quickly carries the audience to a unique experience of a literary and musical banquet of metaphors, a dance of the imagination and, above all, a celebration of sensitivity. For this reason the Peony Pavilion sets the measure for all later Kun operas.<br /> <br /> From 1598 until 1616, the year Tang passed away, ''the Peony Pavilion'' was always performed with whole scenes onstage. But later, more and more adaptions focusing on several scenes were adopted onstage rather than with a complete one, since it would cost large number of expend/ energy and time to run the whole play. &quot;A walk in the Garden&quot; (遊園/游园) and &quot;The Interruption of a Dream(驚夢/惊梦)&quot;, these two acts actually originating from one scene, namely &quot;A Surprising Dream&quot; in the original text, and &quot;Reflection On the Lost Dream&quot; (尋夢/寻梦), are generally considered as the apogee of Kunqu in term of their literary achievements as well as for their musicality, choreography and the integration of all components. Due to the unique of its lyrics, rhythm, ancient style prose written, the translation became a daunting challenge for literature scholars and theatre practitioners.<br /> <br /> Besides, recent adaptations have sought to inject new life, such as more accessible scripts for modern audience, new choreography or new theatrical technologies, into one of China's best-loved classical play, but since such efforts have met with opposition from the Kun opera traditionalists, to a certain degree, some scholars seriously critique them. To keep its traditions or to make it modernized has become a controversial conversation in Chinese theatre.<br /> <br /> === Humanism ===<br /> The play was widely acclaimed by the public and critics when it was first presented onstage, and it is also regarded as the Chinese version of &quot;[[Romeo and Juliet]]&quot;. Through narrating a tortuous love story, Tang portrays an image of a young couple with a strong desire for democratic thoughts and individual emancipation, which evoked most audience empathy, especially women audiences, and regarded Du Liniang as their idol for free love. Subject/ theme on &quot;uncovering social darkness and caring people sufferings&quot;, &quot;qualities of heroism&quot;, attacking feudalism and marriage system&quot;, &quot;exposing the miserable fate of women&quot; and &quot;reflecting family and social ethics&quot;, etc., are generally discussed in ancient Chinese drama, which is also evident in ''The Peony Pavilion''.<br /> <br /> === About &quot;Dream&quot; ===<br /> Some people also raise an idea that Tang's works of &quot;The Four Dreams&quot; is somehow resemble Freud's interpretation of dreams. From the perspectives of psychoanalysis, the action of &quot;A walk in the Garden&quot; is the awakening of Du Liniang's suppressed urges and unacknowledged emotions, while the scene of &quot;A Surprising Dream&quot; is exactly her fantasy of sexual satisfaction.<br /> <br /> == Performance productions ==<br /> {{multiple image<br /> &lt;!-- Layout parameters --&gt;| align = &lt;!-- right (default), left, center, none --&gt;<br /> | direction = &lt;!-- horizontal (default), vertical --&gt;<br /> | background color = &lt;!-- box background --&gt;<br /> | caption_align = &lt;!-- left (default), center, right --&gt; <br /> &lt;!-- Header --&gt;| header_background = <br /> | header_align = &lt;!-- center (default), left, right --&gt;<br /> | header = &lt;!--image 1--&gt;<br /> | image1 = Peony Pavilion (牡丹亭)1.jpg<br /> | width1 = 502<br /> | alt1 = <br /> | caption1 = &lt;!--image 2--&gt;<br /> | link1 = File:Peony Pavilion (牡丹亭)1.jpg<br /> | thumbtime1 = <br /> | image2 = Peony_Pavilion_(牡丹亭)2.jpg<br /> | width2 = 339<br /> | alt2 = <br /> | caption2 = &lt;!-- Footer --&gt;<br /> | link2 = File:Peony_Pavilion_(牡丹亭)2.jpg<br /> | thumbtime2 = <br /> | footer_background = <br /> | footer_align = &lt;!-- left (default), center, right --&gt;<br /> | footer = Young Lovers' Edition of ''The Peony Pavilion'', produced by Pai Hsien-yung, performed by Suzhou Kunqu Opera Theatre of Jiangsu at Peking University Hall, 2006<br /> | total_width = 250<br /> | height1 = 768<br /> | height2 = 500<br /> }}<br /> [[File:Pekinguniversitykunqu3.jpg|thumb|238x238px|Young Lovers' Edition of &lt;nowiki&gt;''&lt;/nowiki&gt;The Peony Pavilion&lt;nowiki&gt;''&lt;/nowiki&gt;, produced by Pai Hsien-yung, performed by Suzhou Kunqu Opera Theatre of Jiangsu at Peking University Hall, 2006]]<br /> * In 2012, an outdoor production of [[Metropolitan Museum of Art|Metropolitan Museum]] galleries presented ''The Peony Pavilion'' in a compact seventy-minute version developed and directed by celebrated composer [[Tan Dun]] with choreography by Huang Doudou, one of China's most prominent dancers, in the Met's Astor Court, the courtyard modeled on a seventeenth-century garden. This production is available on demand on the Metropolitan Museum's website.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/metmedia/video/concerts/peony-pavilion|title=The Peony Pavilion|website=The Metropolitan Museum of Art, i.e. The Met Museum|access-date=2017-12-11}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> * In 2012, the China Arts &amp; Entertainment Group, a creative enterprise under the administration of the Ministry of Culture for the People's Republic of China, announced the United States premiere of a new dance drama production of ''The Peony Pavilion'' by China Jinling Dance Company of Nanjing would be performed at the David H. Koch Theater, Lincoln Center, for four performances in early January. <br /> * In June 2008, the Suzhou Kunqu Opera company performed ''The Peony Pavilion'' at [[Sadler's Wells Theatre|Sadler's Wells]], London, the UK premiere. It was presented in 3 parts on consecutive evenings, each lasting 3 hours, though still much shorter than the original 20 hours.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.musicweb-international.com/SandH/2008/Jan-Jun08/kunqu06.htm|title=Kunqu Opera, The Peony Pavilion : Suchow Kunqu Opera Company/ Orchestra conducted by Zhou Youliang Sadler's Wells, London}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * In May 2008, the [[National Ballet of China]] premièred a two-scene ballet adaptation of ''The Peony Pavilion'' in Beijing. This production was rewritten and directed by [[Li Liuyi]], choreographed by Fei Bo, and the music was composed by [[Guo Wenjing]]. It also attended Lincoln Center Festival in 2008, at David H. Koch Theater, and [[Edinburgh International Festival]] in August 2011.&lt;ref&gt;Chen Jie &quot;The Stage is Set&quot; ChinaDaily.com 19 April 2011 http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2011-04/19/content_12349411.htm&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> * The Imperial Granary's production ''The Peony Pavilion'' in Beijing'','' directed by Kunqu Opera master Wang Shiyu and scenography by the renowned Lin Zhaohua, was a permanent residency show for about 5 years since the premiere in 2007. <br /> * In 2004, [[Pai Hsien-yung]]'s youth edition of ''The Peony Pavilion'' aims to rejuvenate the traditional staging. Pai, a Chinese scholar at the [[University of California, Santa Barbara]], and his colleagues - scholars and performers, some brought back from retirement - spent five months editing Tang's script. Working out of the Jiangsu Suzhou Kunqu Theater, the group condensed and adapted the original fifty-five scenes to twenty-seven scenes, and twenty hours of performance time to nine. Bai, who had chosen ''The Peony Pavilion'' because of its universal message of love, hoped that his rendition would attract youth to Kunqu. In fact, in its tour of China's top universities, the show was marketed as the [http://www.international.ucla.edu/china/mudanting/ Youth Edition of Peony Pavilion].&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Youth Edition of Peony Pavilion.&quot; ChinaCulture.org. 11 Feb. 2009. Ministry of Culture. 11 Feb. 2009&lt;/ref&gt; (The production also toured in [[Taipei]], [[Hong Kong]], [[Macau]], seven cities in mainland China, and the Zellerbach Theater in Berkeley, California.) According to Bai, the goal of this youth-oriented production was to &quot;give new life to the art form, cultivate a new generation of Kunqu aficionados, and offer respect to playwright Tang and all the master artists that came before.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Background to Peony Pavilion.&quot; Peony Pavilion- Young Lovers Edition. University of California Los Angeles. 11 Feb. 2009 http://www.international.ucla.edu/china/mudanting/&lt;/ref&gt; His production of ''The Peony Pavilion'' was his way of doing so. [[Pai Hsien-yung]] has also used ''The Peony Pavilion'' as inspiration for a short story and a television script.<br /> * Recent adaptations of ''The Peony Pavilion'' and allusions in popular music have revived interest in Kunqu, an art form that had been in danger of disappearing into obscurity. In 2001, [[UNESCO]] proclaimed Kunqu as a &quot;Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity,&quot; yet the secrets of that heritage were kept by only a few aging masters in even fewer schools and institutions. <br /> * In 1999, [[Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts]] produced a 20-hour version of ''The Peony Pavilion'', directed by Chen and starring Qian Yi as Du Liniang. This 20-hour version was perhaps the first full-length staging in 300 years. Lincoln Center's version toured extensively, including New York, Paris, Milan, Singapore, Caen, Charleston, Aarhus, Berlin, Perth and Vienna.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.playbill.com/article/lincoln-center-fests-peony-pavilion-canceled-china-bars-actors-passage-com-76288|title=Lincoln Center Fest's Peony Pavilion Canceled; China Bars Actors' Passage {{!}} Playbill|website=Playbill|language=en|access-date=2017-12-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * In 1998, an experimental or “avant-garde” production of ''The Peony Pavilion'' composed by [[Tan Dun]], directed by [[Peter Sellars]] and performed by Kun Opera Troupe, premiered in Vienna, and travelled to London, Roma, Paris, and Berkeley later. Also, a CD recording of this opera was released entitled &quot;Bitter Love&quot;.<br /> <br /> === Famous performers ===<br /> * [[Mei Lanfang]], sometimes paired with Yu Zhenfei (俞振飛/俞振飞) as Liu Mengmei, was famous for his sensitive portrayal of Du Liniang.<br /> * The most famous actress of recent years is likely Zhang Jiqing's (張繼靑/张继青) traditional approach out of Nanjing's [[Jiangsu Province Kun Opera]].<br /> * In Shanghai, Jennifer Hua Wenyi (華文漪/华文漪) was very popular in the role, and has played the role abroad several times.<br /> * For a particularly pleasant and graceful interpretation, one may refer to Zhang Zhihong (張志紅)'s performances in the 1990s.<br /> <br /> ==Translation==<br /> * The earliest western version of ''The Peony Pavilion'' is in German - An selected translation of and an introduction to ''The Peony Pavilion'', which published in an article ''China' s Love Stories'', written by [[Hsu Dau-lin|Xu Daolin]] (Hsu Dau-lin) in 1929.&lt;ref&gt;Hsu Dau-lin. 1929. &quot;Die Chinesische Liebe. [In German]&quot; ''Sinica'' 6&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> * A complete German translation of ''The Peony Pavilion,'' translated by [[Vincenz Hundhausen]], was published by Lacherre Publishing House in Zurich and Leipzig in 1937.&lt;ref name=&quot;Biegp69&quot;&gt;Bieg, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=E2fQI6NDKwQC&amp;pg=PA69&amp;dq=%22Hundhausen+to+translate+more+than+one+hundred+and+twenty+Chinese+texts%22&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ei=HDygUvTlCuOayAGqs4HIBA&amp;ved=0CD8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&amp;q=%22Hundhausen%20to%20translate%20more%20than%20one%20hundred%20and%20twenty%20Chinese%20texts%22&amp;f=false 69].&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> * A France translation of the scene &quot;A Surprising Dream&quot; was contained in ''An Anthology of Chinese Poems and Essays'', published by the Delagraphe Publishing House in 1933. <br /> * A latest complete French translation of ''The Peony Pavilion,'' translated by [[André Lévy (sinologist)|Andre Levy]], was published in 2000. <br /> * A selected translation in Russian by L. N. Menshkov in ''Oriental Classic Drama: India, China and Japan'' in 1976.<br /> * Main complete translations in English: <br /> # ''The Peony Pavilion,'' translated by Cyril Birch, first published by [[Indiana University Press]] in 1980<br /> # ''The Peony Pavilion,'' translated by Zhang Guangqian, first published by Tourism Education Press in 1994.<br /> # ''The Peony Pavilion,'' translated by Wang Rongpei, first published by Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press in 2000. <br /> # ''The Peony Pavilion,'' translated by Xiaoping Yen, Dumont: Homa &amp; Sekey Books, 2000.<br /> <br /> == Others adaptions ==<br /> <br /> ===Pop music ===<br /> * [[Leehom Wang]], the popular Taiwanese-American music artist, referenced ''The Peony Pavilion'' in his song &quot;Beside the Plum Blossoms&quot; (在梅邊) on his album ''[[Heroes of Earth]]'', which drew heavily from [[Beijing Opera]] and [[Kunqu]] inspiration.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Asia Finest Alexander Lee-Hom Wang.&quot; Asia Finest.com. 11 Feb. 2009&lt;/ref&gt; Lee-Hom sang and rapped over traditional [[Kunqu]] melodies blended with hip-hop beats. The music video features the artist, in modern clothes, superimposed on animated scenes. The animation depicts thematic and stylistic elements of ''The Peony Pavilion'' as well as hip-hop imagery: a [[break dancer]] does tricks atop a pavilion and pink peonies turn into speakers. A performer dressed in [[Kunqu]] costume plays the role of Liu in the music video, often singing with the [[Kunqu]] technique next to Lee-Hom. The artist quotes lines from ''The Peony Pavilion'' and entreats his lover, &quot;Let me love you…in the classical style.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Wang Leehom. &quot;Beside the Plum Tree.&quot; By Leehom Wang. MP3. 2005.&lt;/ref&gt; The lyrics reveal a longing to return to the way love was portrayed in the drama. In this way, Lee-Hom draws visual and thematic inspiration from ''The Peony Pavilion'' in his song, signaling its relevance in contemporary popular culture.<br /> * The Chinese indie band Carrchy&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://english.cri.cn/4026/2007/12/29/1361@309110.htm|title=2007-12-29 Band Carrchy|website=english.cri.cn|access-date=2017-12-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; use ''The Peony Pavilion'' as inspiration for their lyrics. The two young members of Carrchy, lyricist Keli and producer Fly, share an affinity for ancient Chinese opera and drama, an interest that appears prominently in their work. Borrowing some of the original text, Carrchy alludes to ''The Peony Pavilion'' in their song &quot;Romantic Dream in the Garden&quot; (遊園驚夢).&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Band Carrchy.&quot; CRIENGLISH.com. 29 Dec. 2007. 11 Feb. 2009 http://english.cri.cn/webcast/&lt;/ref&gt; The band uses Tang's lyrics and story to create the dual sensations of a lush and sensual spring and sorrow upon awakening from the dream. These Ming Dynasty era-inspired lyrics play over thoroughly modern music.<br /> * In the Jiangsu Pavilion at the [[Shanghai 2010 World Expo]], a 13-minute short section from ''The Peony Pavilion'' produced by the Kunqu Opera Department of the Jiangsu Performing Art Group Co., Ltd. filmed in high definition was presented for the audience. Luo Chenxue and Zhang Zhengyao, young outstanding Kunqu Opera performers from Jiangsu province, play the leading roles in this film. By combining the traditional Kunqu performing art and modern video art techniques, a stage of poetic and simplified scenes is presented.&lt;ref&gt;China's version of 'Romeo and Juliet' refreshed, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2010expo/2010-06/07/content_9944782.htm&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Film ===<br /> * In 2001, [[Joey Wong]] (王祖賢/王祖贤), was called ''Peony Pavilion'' in English. Though only indirectly related to the original work in terms of plot, it used the music extensively. <br /> * A Taiwanese movie ''Wǒ de měilì yǔ āichōu'' 我的美麗與哀愁 directed by [[Chen Kuo-fu]], with cinematography by [[Christopher Doyle]] and starring Luo Ruoying shared the same English title.<br /> <br /> === Novel ===<br /> * In 2007, [[Lisa See]]'s novel ''Peony in Love'' was published by Random House. The story's protagonist, Peony, falls in love with a young stranger, and her life loosely parallels that of Liniang's.<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> {{Portalbar|China|Theatre}}<br /> * [[The Peach Blossom Fan]]<br /> * [[Kunqu]]<br /> <br /> == Notes ==<br /> <br /> {{reflist|3}}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{ref begin}}<br /> {{refend}}<br /> {{refbegin}}<br /> <br /> * Bieg, Lutz. &quot;[http://books.openedition.org/editionsmsh/1479 Literary translations of the classical lyric and drama in the first half of the 20th century: The &quot;case&quot; of Vincenz Hundhausen (1878-1955)].&quot; ([https://www.webcitation.org/6LkEyVJ9c Archive]) In: Alleton, Vivianne and Michael Lackner (editors). ''[[De l'un au multiple: traductions du chinois vers les langues européennes Translations from Chinese into European Languages]]''. [[Éditions de la maison des sciences de l'homme]] (Les Editions de la MSH, [[:fr:Fondation Maison des sciences de l'homme|FR]]), 1999, [[Paris]]. p.&amp;nbsp;62-83. {{ISBN|273510768X}}, 9782735107681.<br /> *Birch, Cyril. &quot;Introduction: The Peach Blossom Fan'' as Southern Drama.&quot; In: [[Kong Shangren|K'ung, Shang-jen]]&lt;!--This version uses Wade-Giles--&gt;. Translators: Chen, Shih-hsiang and Harold Acton. Collaborator: Birch, Cyril. ''The Peach Blossom Fan'' (''T'ao-hua-shan''). [[University of California Press]], 1976. {{ISBN|0-520-02928-3}}.<br /> *Wang, Qiaolin ({{zh|c=王巧林 |p=Wáng Qiǎolín}}) et al. 1996. ''Jiangnan Famous Site: The Pavilion of Prince Teng'' ({{zh|s=江南名胜 滕王阁 |t=江南名勝 滕王閣 |p=Jiāngnán Míngshèng Téngwáng Gé}}). Baihuazhou Literary Press ({{zh|c=百花洲文艺出版社 |p=Báihuāzhōu Wényì Chūbǎnshè}}). 247 pages. {{ISBN|7-80579-797-8}}<br /> {{refend}}<br /> * Owen, Stephen, &quot;Tang Xian-zu, ''Peony Pavilion:'' Selected Acts,&quot; in Stephen Owen, ed. ''An Anthology of Chinese Literature: Beginnings to 1911''. New York: [[W. W. Norton]], 1997. [http://courses.washington.edu/chin463/OwenPeony.pdf p. 880-906] ([https://www.webcitation.org/6PoGBuybe Archive]).&lt;!--Revealed on two pages: http://courses.washington.edu/chin463/Schedule.html https://www.webcitation.org/6PmyPFX5I, and --&gt;<br /> * {{cite book|author1=Xianzu Tang|author2=Cyril Birch|title=Mudan Ting|url=https://books.google.com/?id=wF188L6JgooC&amp;printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false|year=2002|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=0-253-21527-7}}<br /> * {{cite book|author=Xianzu Tang|title=The Peony Pavilion|url=https://books.google.com/?id=jjcq06nHMWUC&amp;printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false|year=1994|publisher=Cheng &amp; Tsui|isbn=978-0-88727-206-6}}<br /> * Swatek, Catherine Crutchfield. ''Peony Pavilion Onstage : Four Centuries in the Career of a Chinese Drama''. Center for Chinese Studies Publications, The University of Michigan, 2002.<br /> * John C.Y. Wang. &quot;MULTIFLORATE SPLENDOUR&quot; - A COMMENTARY ON THREE ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS OF SCENE 10 OF &quot;THE PEONY PAVILION&quot;, ''Journal of Oriental Studies'', Vol.46(1), 2013, pp.&amp;nbsp;1–33.<br /> * Tan Xianzu. ''Library of Chinese Classics - The Peony Pavilion''. Translated by Wang Rongpei, Human People's Publishing House and Foreign Language Press, 2000.<br /> * Volpp, Sophie. ''Worldly Stage : Theatricality in Seventeenth-century China''. Harvard University Press, 2011.<br /> * Tina Lu. ''Persons, Roles and Minds: Identity in Peony Pavilion and Peach Blossom Fan''. Stanford University Press, 2002.<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * <br /> * <br /> *[http://danceinteractive.jacobspillow.org/dance/peony-pavilion Archive footage of The Peony Pavilion in rehearsal at Jacob's Pillow in 1999]<br /> *Jeff Lunden. ''[https://www.npr.org/sections/deceptivecadence/2012/11/30/166153763/the-peony-pavilion-a-vivid-dream-in-a-garden The Peony Pavilion: A Vivid Dream In A Garden]''. NPR. 30th Nov. 2012.<br /> *Sadler’swells Theatre. [https://www.sadlerswells.com/whats-on/2016/national-ballet-of-china-the-peony-pavillion/ National Ballet of China ''The Peony Pavilion''.] <br /> *''[https://www.metmuseum.org/metmedia/video/concerts/peony-pavilion The Peony Pavilion]''. Outdoor performance at Metropolitan Museum. <br /> *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5cPjoVXQ5ag ''The Peony Pavilion'' at the Imperial Granary.] <br /> *Andrew Lam. ''[https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/july-august-2006-indo-chic/deaths-and-lives-peony-pavilion The Deaths and Lives of The Peony Pavilion]''. <br /> {{Gutenberg|no=23849|name=Peony Pavilion}} {{in lang|zh}}<br /> <br /> *[http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/asian_theatre_journal/v019/19.1zeitlin.html &quot;My Year of Peonies&quot; by Zeitlin, Judith T.] Asian Theatre Journal 1.1 (2002): 124-33. Project MUSE.<br /> {{Wikiquote}}<br /> {{Commons category}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Peony Pavilion}}<br /> [[Category:Ming dynasty plays]]<br /> [[Category:1598 plays]]<br /> [[Category:Plays set in the Song dynasty]]<br /> [[Category:Plays set in the Jin dynasty (1115–1234)]]<br /> [[Category:Dreams in theatre]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1913_in_music&diff=894966012 1913 in music 2019-05-01T04:10:32Z <p>Perryso: /* Classical music */</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2012}}<br /> {{YYYY music|1913}}<br /> {{Year nav topic5|1913|music}}<br /> This is a list of notable events in music that took place in the year 1913.<br /> <br /> ==Specific locations==<br /> *[[1913 in British music]]<br /> *[[1913 in Norwegian music]]<br /> <br /> ==Specific genres==<br /> *[[1913 in jazz]]<br /> <br /> ==Events==<br /> *[[March 9]] – The second performance of [[Francesco Balilla Pratella]]'s ''Musica Futurista'' in Rome becomes the first of several pieces this year of [[List of classical music with an unruly audience response|classical music with an unruly audience response]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last=Payton|first=Rodney J.|title=The Music of Futurism: Concerts and Polemics|journal=[[The Musical Quarterly]]|year=1976|volume=LXII|issue=1|page=33|doi=10.1093/mq/lxii.1.25}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=9-M_jhnOuboC&amp;pg=PA415&amp;lpg=PA415&amp;dq=russolo+riot#v=onepage&amp;q=russolo%20riot&amp;f=false|title=Music of the Twentieth-century Avant-garde: A Biocritical Sourcebook|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|date=2002|isbn=9780313296895}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> *[[March 31]] – ''[[Skandalkonzert]]'': A concert at the [[Musikverein]] in [[Vienna]] with [[Arnold Schoenberg]] conducting music by himself and his pupils [[Alban Berg]] and [[Anton Webern]], particularly Berg's ''[[Altenberg Lieder]]'', provokes fisticuffs and is abandoned.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Barker|first=Andrew|year=1997|chapter=Battles of the Mind: Berg and the Cultural Politics of 'Vienna 1900'|title=[[Cambridge Companions to Music|The Cambridge Companion to Berg]]|page=24|editor=Pople, Anthony|isbn=0-521-56489-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> *[[April 1]] – [[Manuel de Falla]]'s opera ''[[La vida breve]]'' is given its world première in [[Nice]].<br /> *[[May 29]] – The [[ballet]] ''[[The Rite of Spring]]'', with music by [[Igor Stravinsky]] conducted by [[Pierre Monteux]] and choreography by [[Vaslav Nijinsky]] is premièred by [[Sergei Diaghilev]]'s [[Ballets Russes]] at the [[Théâtre des Champs-Élysées]] in [[Paris]], its [[modernism]] provoking one of the most famous classical music riots in history.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wnyc.org/shows/radiolab/episodes/2006/04/21 Radio Lab, Show 202: &quot;Musical Language&quot;] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100901005957/http://www.wnyc.org/shows/radiolab/episodes/2006/04/21 |date=September 1, 2010 }}, New York: WNYC (21 April 2006). Host/Producer: Jad Abumrad, Co-Host: Robert Krulwich, Producer: Ellen Horne, Production Executives: Dean Capello and Mikel Ellcessor.&lt;/ref&gt; The audience includes [[Gabriele D'Annunzio]], [[Coco Chanel]], [[Marcel Duchamp]], [[Harry Graf Kessler]] and [[Maurice Ravel]]. Police are called during the interval.<br /> *[[September 5]] – [[Sergei Prokofiev]]'s performance of the first version of his ''[[Piano Concerto No. 2 (Prokofiev)|Piano Concerto No. 2]]'' at [[Pavlovsk, Saint Petersburg]], is met with hisses and catcalls.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|authorlink=Michael Steinberg (music critic)|last=Steinberg|first=Michael|url=http://www.sfsymphony.org/Watch-Listen-Learn/Read-Program-Notes/Program-Notes/PROKOFIEV-Concerto-No-2-in-G-minor-for-Piano-and-O.aspx|title=Prokofiev: Piano Concerto No. 2|publisher=[[San Francisco Symphony]]|accessdate=2016-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605041410/http://www.sfsymphony.org/Watch-Listen-Learn/Read-Program-Notes/Program-Notes/PROKOFIEV-Concerto-No-2-in-G-minor-for-Piano-and-O.aspx|archive-date=June 5, 2016|dead-url=yes|df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> *[[September 10]] – [[Jean Sibelius]]'s tone poem ''[[Luonnotar (Sibelius)|Luonnotar]]'' is premiered at the [[Three Choirs Festival]] in [[Gloucester Cathedral]], England, with soprano [[Aino Ackté]] and orchestra conducted by [[Herbert Brewer]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Luonnotar (Daughter of Nature)|work=Jean Sibelius – The Music|accessdate=2016-11-12|url=http://www.sibelius.fi/english/musiikki/ork_luonnotar.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> *October – [[Edison Diamond Disc Record]] introduced.<br /> *The term &quot;[[Jazz]]&quot; first appears in print (in the [[San Francisco]] ''Bulletin'').<br /> *[[Louis Armstrong]] begins playing the [[cornet]], in the band of the New Orleans Home for Colored Waifs.<br /> *[[Lili Boulanger]] becomes the first woman to win the Musical Composition section of the [[Prix de Rome]], with her [[cantata]] ''Faust et Hélène''.<br /> *The [[Aeolian Company]] introduces the [[Duo-Art]] piano technology.<br /> *[[Edward Bairstow]] becomes organist of [[York Minster]].<br /> <br /> [[Image:CurseOfAnAchingHeart1913.jpg|right]]<br /> <br /> ==Published popular music==<br /> * &quot;Abie Sings An Irish Song&quot;: words &amp; music by [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;All Aboard For Dixieland&quot;: words [[Jack Yellen]], music [[George L. Cobb]]<br /> * &quot;And Then&quot;, w. [[Alfred Bryan]], m. [[Herman Paley]]<br /> * &quot;The Angelus&quot;, w. [[Robert Bache Smith|Robert B. Smith]], w. [[Victor Herbert]]<br /> * &quot;Asia&quot; by [[E. Ray Goetz]]<br /> * &quot;At The Ball, That's All&quot; by [[J. Leubrie Hill]]<br /> * &quot;Ay, Ay, Ay!&quot; by [[Osman Perez Freire]]<br /> * &quot;[[Ballin' the Jack]]&quot;, w. [[James Henry Burris]], m. [[Chris Smith (composer)|Chris Smith]]<br /> * &quot;Brighten The Corner Where You Are&quot; w. [[Ina Duley Ogdon]] m. [[Charles H. Gabriel]]<br /> * &quot;The Bubble&quot; by [[Otto Harbach]]<br /> * &quot;Crazy Bone Rag&quot; m. [[Charles L. Johnson]]<br /> * &quot;The Cricket On The Hearth&quot; w. [[Robert Bache Smith|Robert B. Smith]] m. [[Victor Herbert]]<br /> * &quot;'Cross The Great Divide&quot; w. [[Sam M. Lewis]] m. [[George W. Meyer]]<br /> * &quot;The Curse Of An Aching Heart&quot; w. [[Henry Fink]] m. [[Al Piantadosi]]<br /> * &quot;[[Daddy, Come Home]]&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;[[Danny Boy]]&quot; w. [[Frederick Weatherly]] m. trad<br /> * &quot;Don't Blame It All On Broadway&quot; w. [[Joe Young (lyricist)|Joe Young]] &amp; [[Harry Williams (songwriter)|Harry Williams]] m. [[Bert Grant]]<br /> * &quot;Down In Chattanooga&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;[[El Cóndor Pasa (song)|El Cóndor Pasa]]&quot; by [[Daniel Alomía Robles]]<br /> * &quot;Fat Li'l' Feller Wid His Mammy's Eyes&quot; w.m. [[Sheridan Gordon]] &amp; [[F. L. Stanton]]<br /> * &quot;Fifteen Cents&quot; by [[Chris Smith (composer)|Chris Smith]]<br /> * &quot;[[Gasoline (1913 song)|Gasoline]]&quot; w. J. Will Callahan (1874–1946), m. Paul Pratt (1890–1948)<br /> * &quot;Goodbye Boys&quot; w. [[Andrew B. Sterling]] &amp; [[William Jerome]] m. [[Harry Von Tilzer]]<br /> * &quot;Happy Little Country Girl&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;[[He'd Have to Get Under — Get Out and Get Under (to Fix Up His Automobile)]]&quot; w. [[Grant Clark]] &amp; [[Edgar Leslie]] m. [[Maurice Abrahams]]<br /> * &quot;Hello, Honey&quot; w. George V. Hobart m. [[Raymond Hubbell]]. Introduced by Elizabeth Brice in the revue ''[[Ziegfeld Follies|Ziegfeld Follies of 1913]]''<br /> * &quot;Hungarian Rag&quot; m. [[Julius Lenzberg]]<br /> * &quot;I Can Live Without You&quot; w. [[Gene Buck]] m. [[Dave Stamper]]<br /> * &quot;I Miss You Most Of All&quot; w.m. [[Joseph McCarthy (lyricist)|Joseph McCarthy]] Sr. &amp; [[James V. Monaco]]<br /> * &quot;If I Had My Way&quot; w. [[Lou Klein]] m. [[James Kendis]]<br /> * &quot;I'll Change The Shadows To Sunshine&quot; w. [[George Graff Jr.]] m. [[Ernest Ball|Ernest R. Ball]]<br /> * &quot;I'll Get You&quot; w. [[Will D. Cobb]] m. [[Gus Edwards (songwriter)|Gus Edwards]]<br /> * &quot;I'm On My Way To Mandalay&quot; w. Al Bryan m. [[Fred Fisher]]<br /> * &quot;The Incandescent Rag&quot; m. [[George Botsford]]<br /> * &quot;The International Rag&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;Isle D'Amour&quot; w. [[Earl Carroll]] m. [[Leo Edwards (composer)|Leo Edwards]]<br /> * &quot;It's Nice To Get Up In The Morning&quot; w.m. [[Harry Lauder]]<br /> * &quot;Just For Tonight&quot; w.m. [[George L. Cobb]]<br /> * &quot;Keep On Walking&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;Lion Tamer Rag&quot; m. Mark Janza<br /> * &quot;Look In Her Eyes&quot; w. [[Herbert Reynolds|M. E. Rourke]] m. [[Jerome Kern]]<br /> * &quot;Marcheta&quot; by [[Victor Schertzinger]]<br /> * &quot;Melinda's Wedding Day&quot; Berlin<br /> * &quot;My Little Moonlight Maid&quot; w. W. R. Williams m. Spencer Williams<br /> * &quot;Never Mind&quot; w.m. [[Harry Dent]] &amp; [[Tom Goldburn]]<br /> * &quot;The Old Maids' Ball&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;[[On the Old Fall River Line]]&quot; w. [[William Jerome]] &amp; [[Andrew B. Sterling]] m. [[Harry Von Tilzer]]<br /> * &quot;Panama&quot; w. [[George V. Hobart]] m. [[Raymond Hubbell]]<br /> * &quot;[[Peg O' My Heart]]&quot; w. [[Alfred Bryan]] m. [[Fred Fisher]]<br /> * &quot;The Pullman Porters On Parade&quot; w. [[Ren G. May]] m. Maurice Abrahams<br /> * &quot;Rebecca Of Sunnybrook Farm&quot; w. A. Seymour Brown m. [[Albert Gumble]]<br /> * &quot;Sailing Down The Chesapeake Bay&quot; [[George Botsford]] &amp; [[Jean C. Harvez]]<br /> * &quot;[[San Francisco Bound]]&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;Snookey Ookums&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;Somebody's Coming To My House&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;Something Seems Tingle-Ingling&quot; w. [[Otto Harbach]] m. [[Rudolf Friml]]<br /> * &quot;[[The Sunshine of Your Smile]]&quot; w. [[Leonard Cooke]] m. [[Lilian Ray]]<br /> * &quot;Sweethearts&quot; w. [[Robert Bache Smith|Robert B. Smith]] m. [[Victor Herbert]]<br /> * &quot;Take Me to Roseland, My Beautiful Rose&quot; w. [[Jack Strouse]] &amp; Ed Johnson m. Nat Osbrone<br /> * &quot;There's A Girl In The Heart Of Maryland&quot; w. [[Ballard MacDonald]] m. [[Harry Carroll]]<br /> * &quot;[[There's a Long, Long Trail]]&quot; w. [[Stoddard King]] m. [[Alonzo Elliot]]<br /> * &quot;[[There Is Power in a Union]]&quot; w. [[Joe Hill]] m. Lewis E. Jones<br /> * &quot;They've Got Me Doin' It Now&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;[[Too Ra Loo Ra Loo Ral|Too-Ra-Loo-Ra-Loo-Ral (That's an Irish Lullaby)]]&quot; w.m. [[James Royce Shannon]]<br /> * &quot;[[The Trail of the Lonesome Pine (song)|The Trail of the Lonesome Pine]]&quot; w. [[Ballard MacDonald]] m. [[Harry Carroll]]<br /> * &quot;Tra-La, La, La!&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;We Have Much To Be Thankful For&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;Welcome Home&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;When You Play In The Game Of Love&quot; w. Joe Goodwin m. Al Piantadosi<br /> * &quot;When You're All Dressed Up And No Place To Go&quot; w. [[Benjamin Hapgood Burt]] m. [[Silvio Hein]]<br /> * &quot;Where Did You Get That Girl?&quot; w. [[Bert Kalmar]] m. [[Harry Puck]]<br /> * &quot;[[You Made Me Love You (I Didn't Want to Do It)|You Made Me Love You]]&quot; w. [[Joseph McCarthy (lyricist)|Joseph McCarthy]] m. [[James V. Monaco]]<br /> * &quot;You're Here And I'm Here&quot; w. Harry B. Smith m. [[Jerome Kern]]<br /> * &quot;You've Got Your Mother's Big Blue Eyes&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> <br /> ==Popular recordings==<br /> * &quot;[[The Spaniard That Blighted My Life]]&quot; by [[Al Jolson]]<br /> * &quot;Till the Sands of the Desert Grow Cold&quot; by Alan Turner<br /> * &quot;When the Midnight Choo-Choo Leaves for Alabam'&quot; by [[Collins &amp; Harlan]]<br /> * &quot;Cohen on the Telephone&quot; – Ethnic humor<br /> * &quot;It's Nicer To Be In Bed&quot; by [[Harry Lauder]]<br /> <br /> ==Classical music==<br /> *[[George Butterworth]] – ''Banks of Green Willow''<br /> *[[John Alden Carpenter]] – Violin Sonata<br /> *[[Claude Debussy]] – ''La boîte à joujoux'' (ballet); ''Trois poèmes de Stéphane Mallarmé''<br /> *[[Gustav Holst]] – ''St Paul's Suite''<br /> *[[Paul von Klenau]]<br /> ** Symphony No. 3<br /> ** Symphony No. 4 (''Dante-Symphony'')<br /> ** ''Paolo und Francesca ''(symphonic fantasy)'''<br /> *[[Morfydd Owen]] - ''Nocturne''<br /> *[[Sergei Rachmaninoff]] – [[The Bells (symphony)|''The Bells'']] (Choral symphony)<br /> *[[Maurice Ravel]] – ''Trois Poèmes de Stéphane Mallarmé''<br /> *[[Arnold Schoenberg]] – ''[[Gurre-Lieder]]''<br /> *[[Igor Stravinsky]] – ''[[The Rite of Spring]]''<br /> *[[Ralph Vaughan Williams]] – ''[[A London Symphony]]'' (Symphony No. 2)<br /> *[[Louis Vierne]] – ''Messe basse'', Op. 30<br /> *[[Anton Webern]]<br /> **Six Bagatelles, Op. 9, for string quartet<br /> **Five Pieces for orchestra<br /> **Three Pieces for string quartet and mezzosoprano<br /> <br /> ==Opera==<br /> *[[Manuel de Falla]] – ''[[La vida breve]]''<br /> *[[Gabriel Fauré]] – ''[[Pénélope]]''<br /> *[[Jules Massenet]] – ''[[Panurge (opera)|Panurge]]''<br /> *[[Italo Montemezzi]] – ''[[L'amore dei tre re]] (The Love of the Three Kings)''<br /> *[[Modest Mussorgsky]] – ''[[The Fair at Sorochyntsi]] (Sorochinskaya yarmarka)'' (incomplete)<br /> *[[Uzeyir Hajibeyov]] – ''[[Arshin Mal Alan (operetta)|Arshin Mal Alan]]'' (operetta)<br /> *[[Paul von Klenau]] – ''Sulamith''<br /> <br /> ==[[Musical theater]]==<br /> * ''[[Adele (musical)|Adele]]'' – Broadway production opened at the [[Longacre Theatre]] on August 28 and ran for 196 performances<br /> * ''[[The American Maid]]'' – Broadway production<br /> * ''[[The Girl from Utah]]'' – London production opened at the [[Adelphi Theatre]] on October 18 and ran for 195 performances<br /> * ''[[The Girl on the Film]]'' – London production opened at the [[Gaiety Theatre, London|Gaiety Theatre]] on April 5 and ran for 232 performances<br /> * ''[[The Girl on the Film]]'' – Broadway production opened at the [[44th Street Theatre]] on December 29 and ran for 64 performances<br /> * ''[[The Honeymoon Express]]'' – Broadway production opened at the [[Winter Garden Theatre]] on February 6 and ran for 156 performances<br /> * ''[[Hullo, Tango]]'' – London production opened at the [[London Hippodrome|Hippodrome]] on December 23<br /> * ''[[The Isle o' Dreams]]'' – Broadway production opened at the [[Pike's Opera House|Grand Opera House]] on January 27 and ran for 32 performances<br /> * ''[[The Laughing Husband]]'' – London production opened at the [[Noël Coward Theatre|New Theatre]] on October 2.<br /> * ''[[The Little Café]]'' – Broadway production opened at the [[New Amsterdam Theatre]] on November 10 and ran for 144 performances<br /> * ''[[The Madcap Duchess]]'' (Music: [[Victor Herbert]]) – Broadway production opened at the [[Globe Theatre (New York)|Globe Theatre]] on November 11 and ran for 71 performances. Starring [[Ann Swinburne]], [[Peggy Wood]] and Glenn Hall<br /> * ''[[Der Mädchenmarkt]]'' – Vienna production opened at the [[Carltheater]] on May 7<br /> * ''[[The Marriage Market]]'' – London production opened at [[Daly's Theatre (London)|Daly's Theatre]] on May 17 and ran for 423 performances<br /> * ''[[The Pearl Girl]]'' – London production opened at the [[Shaftesbury Theatre]] on September 25 and ran for 254 performances<br /> * ''The Pleasure Seekers'' (Music: [[E. Ray Goetz]]) – Broadway production opened at the [[Winter Garden Theatre]] on November 3, starring William J. Montgomery and [[Florence Moore]],&lt;ref&gt;Anon., &quot;'Pleasure Seekers' a Spectacle Only: New Winter Garden Show Lacks Comedy, but Has a Big, Dazzling Chorus: Snowball Fight Exciting&quot;, ''The New York Times'' (4 November 1913): 9.&lt;/ref&gt; and ran for 72 performances.&lt;ref&gt;James M. Salem, ''A Guide to Critical Reviews: The Musical, 1909–1974'', second edition (Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1976): 389. {{ISBN|9780810809598}}.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * ''[[The Sunshine Girl]]'' – Broadway production opened at the [[Knickerbocker Theatre (Broadway)|Knickerbocker Theatre]] on February 3 and ran for 160 performances<br /> * ''[[Sweethearts (theater)|Sweethearts]]'' – Broadway production opened at the [[New Amsterdam Theatre]] on September 8 and transferred to the [[Liberty Theatre (New York, New York)|Liberty Theatre]] on November 10 for a total run of 272 performances<br /> * ''[[Ziegfeld Follies|Ziegfeld Follies of 1913]]'' – Broadway [[revue]] opened at the [[New Amsterdam Theatre]] on June 16 and ran for 108 performances<br /> <br /> ==Births==<br /> *[[January 18]] – [[Danny Kaye]], actor, singer, dancer and comedian (d. 1987)<br /> *[[January 22]] – [[Sid Bass (songwriter)|Sid Bass]], songwriter (d. 1993)<br /> *[[January 24]] – [[Norman Dello Joio]], American composer (d. 2008)<br /> *[[January 25]] – [[Witold Lutosławski]], composer (d. 1994)<br /> *[[January 26]] – [[Jimmy Van Heusen]], American composer (d. 1990)<br /> *[[January 27]]<br /> **[[Milton Adolphus]], pianist and composer (d. 1988)<br /> **[[Jack Brymer]], English clarinettist (d. 2003)<br /> *[[March 2]] – [[Celedonio Romero]], guitarist, composer and poet (d. 1996)<br /> *[[March 4]] – [[Willie Johnson (guitarist)|Willie Johnson]], guitarist (d. 1995)<br /> *[[March 5]] – [[Gangubai Hangal]], Indian classical singer (d. 2009)<br /> *[[March 13]]<br /> **[[Smoky Dawson]], Australian singer (d. 2008)<br /> **[[Libero de Luca]], operatic tenor (d. 1997)<br /> **[[Sergey Mikhalkov]], Russian lyricist (d. 2009)<br /> *[[March 30]] – [[Frankie Laine]], singer (d. 2007)<br /> *[[March 31]] – [[Etta Baker]], blues guitarist and singer (d. 2006)<br /> *[[April 4]] – [[Gene Ramey]], jazz musician (d. 1984)<br /> *[[April 14]] – [[Jean Fournet]], French conductor (d. 2008)<br /> *[[May 1]] – [[Walter Susskind]], Czech conductor (d. 1980)<br /> *[[May 6]]<br /> **&lt;!--May 6--&gt;[[Carmen Cavallaro]], pianist (d. 1989)<br /> **&lt;!--May 6--&gt;[[Gyula Dávid]], composer (d. 1977)<br /> *[[May 12]] – [[Jamelão]], samba singer (d. 2008)<br /> *[[May 16]] – [[Woody Herman]], US jazz musician and bandleader (d. 1987)<br /> *[[May 21]] – [[Gina Bachauer]], pianist (d. 1976)<br /> *[[May 18]] – [[Charles Trenet]], French singer, actor and songwriter (d. 2001)<br /> *[[June 10]] – [[Tikhon Khrennikov]], Russian composer (d. 2007)<br /> *[[June 11]] – [[Risë Stevens]], American mezzosoprano (d. 2013)<br /> *[[June 12]] – [[Nina Mae McKinney]], dancer and actress (d. 1967)<br /> *[[June 18]] – [[Sammy Cahn]], songwriter (d. 1993)<br /> *[[June 23]] – [[Helen Humes]], US singer (d. 1981)<br /> *[[June 28]] – [[George Lloyd (composer)|George Lloyd]], composer (d. 1998)<br /> *[[July 12]] – [[Reino Helismaa]], singer-songwriter (d. 1965)<br /> *[[July 15]] – [[Cowboy Copas]], country singer (d. 1963)<br /> *[[July 22]] – [[Gorni Kramer]], Italian bandleader (d. 1995)<br /> *[[August 2]]<br /> **&lt;!--August 2--&gt;[[Hal Block]], songwriter (d. 1981)<br /> **&lt;!--August 2--&gt;[[Edric Connor]], calypso singer (d. 1968)<br /> *[[August 28]] – [[Robert Irving (conductor)|Robert Irving]], conductor (d. 1991)<br /> *[[August 29]] – [[Sylvia Fine]], songwriter (d. 1991)<br /> *[[September 17]] – [[Jørgen Jersild]], Danish composer and music educator (d. 2004)<br /> *[[September 20]] – [[John Collins (jazz guitarist)|John Collins]], jazz guitarist (d. 2001)<br /> *[[September 26]] – [[Dorothy Sloop]], jazz musician (d. 1998)<br /> *[[October 15]] – [[David Carroll (musician)|David Carroll]], songwriter and conductor (d. 2008)<br /> *[[October 16]] – [[Gino Bechi]], operatic bass-baritone (d. 1993)<br /> *[[October 19]] <br /> **[[John Blackburn (songwriter)|John Blackburn]], lyricist (d. 2006)<br /> **[[Vinicius de Moraes]], Brazilian lyricist (d. 1980)<br /> *[[October 24]] – [[Tito Gobbi]], operatic baritone (d. 1984)<br /> *[[October 26]] – [[Charlie Barnet]], US bandleader (d. 1991)<br /> *[[November 2]] – [[Harry Babbitt]], US singer with [[Kay Kyser]] &amp; his orchestra (d. 2004)<br /> *[[November 3]] – [[Marika Rökk]], singer, dancer and actress (d. 2004)<br /> *[[November 8]] – [[June Havoc]], vaudeville performer and film star (d. 2010)<br /> *[[November 15]] – [[Gus Johnson (jazz musician)|Gus Johnson]], jazz drummer (d. 2000)<br /> *[[November 19]] – [[Blue Barron]], orchestra leader (d. 2005)<br /> *[[November 22]] – [[Benjamin Britten]], composer (d. 1976)<br /> *[[November 23]] – [[Raymond Hanson (composer)|Raymond Hanson]], composer and teacher (d. 1976) <br /> *[[December 1]] – [[Mary Martin]], US singer and actress (d. 1990)<br /> *December 10 – Morton Gould, composer conductor arranger ASCAP President (d. 1996)<br /> *[[December 30]] – [[Lucio Agostini]], conductor and composer (d. 1996)<br /> <br /> ==Deaths==<br /> *[[February 26]] – [[Felix Draeseke]], composer (b. 1835)<br /> *[[March 19]]<br /> **[[Géza Allaga]], composer, cellist and cimbalist (b. 1841)<br /> **[[John Thomas (harpist)|John Thomas]], harpist and composer (b. 1826)<br /> *[[March 20]] – [[Christian Barnekow]], Danish composer (b. 1837)<br /> *[[April 4]] – [[Alessandro Parisotti]], composer and music writer (b. 1853)<br /> *[[May 5]] – [[Helen Carte]], theatre impresario (b. 1852)<br /> *[[June 3]] – [[Josef Richard Rozkošný]], pianist and composer (b. 1833)<br /> *[[June 6]] – [[Mary Seney Sheldon]], first female president of the New York Philharmonic (b. 1863)<br /> *[[June 17]] – [[Ingeborg Bronsart von Schellendorf]], Swedish-German composer (b. 1840)<br /> *[[July 4]] – [[Nadezhda Zabela-Vrubel]], operatic soprano (b. 1868)<br /> *[[July 16]] – [[Sigismund Bachrich]], violinist and composer (b. 1841)<br /> *[[July 17]] – [[Armes Beaumont]], singer (b. 1842)<br /> *[[August 7]] – [[David Popper]], cellist and composer (b. 1843) <br /> *[[August 11]] – [[Brasílio Itiberê da Cunha]], lawyer, diplomat and composer (b. <br /> *[[August 26]] – [[Michael Maybrick]], composer and singer (b. 1841)<br /> *[[September 13]] – [[Alfred R. Gaul]], conductor and composer (b. 1837)<br /> *[[September 17]] – [[Alfred Sormann]], pianist and composer (b. 1861)<br /> *[[September 22]] – [[Eliakum Zunser]], poet and songwriter (b. 1835)<br /> *[[October 20]]<br /> **&lt;!--October 20--&gt;[[Charles Brookfield]], theatre writer (b. 1857)<br /> **&lt;!--October 20--&gt;[[Polk Miller]], banjo player and folk musician (b. 1844)<br /> *[[November 3]] – [[Hans Bronsart von Schellendorf]], pianist and composer (b. 1830)<br /> *[[December 6]] – [[Alexander Hurley]], music hall performer (b. 1871)<br /> *''date unknown'' – [[Ludwig Milde]], composer of bassoon music (b. 1849)<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1913 in music| ]]<br /> [[Category:20th century in music]]<br /> [[Category:Music by year]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1913_in_music&diff=894965978 1913 in music 2019-05-01T04:10:07Z <p>Perryso: /* Classical music */Fixed formatting</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2012}}<br /> {{YYYY music|1913}}<br /> {{Year nav topic5|1913|music}}<br /> This is a list of notable events in music that took place in the year 1913.<br /> <br /> ==Specific locations==<br /> *[[1913 in British music]]<br /> *[[1913 in Norwegian music]]<br /> <br /> ==Specific genres==<br /> *[[1913 in jazz]]<br /> <br /> ==Events==<br /> *[[March 9]] – The second performance of [[Francesco Balilla Pratella]]'s ''Musica Futurista'' in Rome becomes the first of several pieces this year of [[List of classical music with an unruly audience response|classical music with an unruly audience response]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last=Payton|first=Rodney J.|title=The Music of Futurism: Concerts and Polemics|journal=[[The Musical Quarterly]]|year=1976|volume=LXII|issue=1|page=33|doi=10.1093/mq/lxii.1.25}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=9-M_jhnOuboC&amp;pg=PA415&amp;lpg=PA415&amp;dq=russolo+riot#v=onepage&amp;q=russolo%20riot&amp;f=false|title=Music of the Twentieth-century Avant-garde: A Biocritical Sourcebook|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|date=2002|isbn=9780313296895}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> *[[March 31]] – ''[[Skandalkonzert]]'': A concert at the [[Musikverein]] in [[Vienna]] with [[Arnold Schoenberg]] conducting music by himself and his pupils [[Alban Berg]] and [[Anton Webern]], particularly Berg's ''[[Altenberg Lieder]]'', provokes fisticuffs and is abandoned.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Barker|first=Andrew|year=1997|chapter=Battles of the Mind: Berg and the Cultural Politics of 'Vienna 1900'|title=[[Cambridge Companions to Music|The Cambridge Companion to Berg]]|page=24|editor=Pople, Anthony|isbn=0-521-56489-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> *[[April 1]] – [[Manuel de Falla]]'s opera ''[[La vida breve]]'' is given its world première in [[Nice]].<br /> *[[May 29]] – The [[ballet]] ''[[The Rite of Spring]]'', with music by [[Igor Stravinsky]] conducted by [[Pierre Monteux]] and choreography by [[Vaslav Nijinsky]] is premièred by [[Sergei Diaghilev]]'s [[Ballets Russes]] at the [[Théâtre des Champs-Élysées]] in [[Paris]], its [[modernism]] provoking one of the most famous classical music riots in history.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wnyc.org/shows/radiolab/episodes/2006/04/21 Radio Lab, Show 202: &quot;Musical Language&quot;] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100901005957/http://www.wnyc.org/shows/radiolab/episodes/2006/04/21 |date=September 1, 2010 }}, New York: WNYC (21 April 2006). Host/Producer: Jad Abumrad, Co-Host: Robert Krulwich, Producer: Ellen Horne, Production Executives: Dean Capello and Mikel Ellcessor.&lt;/ref&gt; The audience includes [[Gabriele D'Annunzio]], [[Coco Chanel]], [[Marcel Duchamp]], [[Harry Graf Kessler]] and [[Maurice Ravel]]. Police are called during the interval.<br /> *[[September 5]] – [[Sergei Prokofiev]]'s performance of the first version of his ''[[Piano Concerto No. 2 (Prokofiev)|Piano Concerto No. 2]]'' at [[Pavlovsk, Saint Petersburg]], is met with hisses and catcalls.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|authorlink=Michael Steinberg (music critic)|last=Steinberg|first=Michael|url=http://www.sfsymphony.org/Watch-Listen-Learn/Read-Program-Notes/Program-Notes/PROKOFIEV-Concerto-No-2-in-G-minor-for-Piano-and-O.aspx|title=Prokofiev: Piano Concerto No. 2|publisher=[[San Francisco Symphony]]|accessdate=2016-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605041410/http://www.sfsymphony.org/Watch-Listen-Learn/Read-Program-Notes/Program-Notes/PROKOFIEV-Concerto-No-2-in-G-minor-for-Piano-and-O.aspx|archive-date=June 5, 2016|dead-url=yes|df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> *[[September 10]] – [[Jean Sibelius]]'s tone poem ''[[Luonnotar (Sibelius)|Luonnotar]]'' is premiered at the [[Three Choirs Festival]] in [[Gloucester Cathedral]], England, with soprano [[Aino Ackté]] and orchestra conducted by [[Herbert Brewer]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Luonnotar (Daughter of Nature)|work=Jean Sibelius – The Music|accessdate=2016-11-12|url=http://www.sibelius.fi/english/musiikki/ork_luonnotar.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> *October – [[Edison Diamond Disc Record]] introduced.<br /> *The term &quot;[[Jazz]]&quot; first appears in print (in the [[San Francisco]] ''Bulletin'').<br /> *[[Louis Armstrong]] begins playing the [[cornet]], in the band of the New Orleans Home for Colored Waifs.<br /> *[[Lili Boulanger]] becomes the first woman to win the Musical Composition section of the [[Prix de Rome]], with her [[cantata]] ''Faust et Hélène''.<br /> *The [[Aeolian Company]] introduces the [[Duo-Art]] piano technology.<br /> *[[Edward Bairstow]] becomes organist of [[York Minster]].<br /> <br /> [[Image:CurseOfAnAchingHeart1913.jpg|right]]<br /> <br /> ==Published popular music==<br /> * &quot;Abie Sings An Irish Song&quot;: words &amp; music by [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;All Aboard For Dixieland&quot;: words [[Jack Yellen]], music [[George L. Cobb]]<br /> * &quot;And Then&quot;, w. [[Alfred Bryan]], m. [[Herman Paley]]<br /> * &quot;The Angelus&quot;, w. [[Robert Bache Smith|Robert B. Smith]], w. [[Victor Herbert]]<br /> * &quot;Asia&quot; by [[E. Ray Goetz]]<br /> * &quot;At The Ball, That's All&quot; by [[J. Leubrie Hill]]<br /> * &quot;Ay, Ay, Ay!&quot; by [[Osman Perez Freire]]<br /> * &quot;[[Ballin' the Jack]]&quot;, w. [[James Henry Burris]], m. [[Chris Smith (composer)|Chris Smith]]<br /> * &quot;Brighten The Corner Where You Are&quot; w. [[Ina Duley Ogdon]] m. [[Charles H. Gabriel]]<br /> * &quot;The Bubble&quot; by [[Otto Harbach]]<br /> * &quot;Crazy Bone Rag&quot; m. [[Charles L. Johnson]]<br /> * &quot;The Cricket On The Hearth&quot; w. [[Robert Bache Smith|Robert B. Smith]] m. [[Victor Herbert]]<br /> * &quot;'Cross The Great Divide&quot; w. [[Sam M. Lewis]] m. [[George W. Meyer]]<br /> * &quot;The Curse Of An Aching Heart&quot; w. [[Henry Fink]] m. [[Al Piantadosi]]<br /> * &quot;[[Daddy, Come Home]]&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;[[Danny Boy]]&quot; w. [[Frederick Weatherly]] m. trad<br /> * &quot;Don't Blame It All On Broadway&quot; w. [[Joe Young (lyricist)|Joe Young]] &amp; [[Harry Williams (songwriter)|Harry Williams]] m. [[Bert Grant]]<br /> * &quot;Down In Chattanooga&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;[[El Cóndor Pasa (song)|El Cóndor Pasa]]&quot; by [[Daniel Alomía Robles]]<br /> * &quot;Fat Li'l' Feller Wid His Mammy's Eyes&quot; w.m. [[Sheridan Gordon]] &amp; [[F. L. Stanton]]<br /> * &quot;Fifteen Cents&quot; by [[Chris Smith (composer)|Chris Smith]]<br /> * &quot;[[Gasoline (1913 song)|Gasoline]]&quot; w. J. Will Callahan (1874–1946), m. Paul Pratt (1890–1948)<br /> * &quot;Goodbye Boys&quot; w. [[Andrew B. Sterling]] &amp; [[William Jerome]] m. [[Harry Von Tilzer]]<br /> * &quot;Happy Little Country Girl&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;[[He'd Have to Get Under — Get Out and Get Under (to Fix Up His Automobile)]]&quot; w. [[Grant Clark]] &amp; [[Edgar Leslie]] m. [[Maurice Abrahams]]<br /> * &quot;Hello, Honey&quot; w. George V. Hobart m. [[Raymond Hubbell]]. Introduced by Elizabeth Brice in the revue ''[[Ziegfeld Follies|Ziegfeld Follies of 1913]]''<br /> * &quot;Hungarian Rag&quot; m. [[Julius Lenzberg]]<br /> * &quot;I Can Live Without You&quot; w. [[Gene Buck]] m. [[Dave Stamper]]<br /> * &quot;I Miss You Most Of All&quot; w.m. [[Joseph McCarthy (lyricist)|Joseph McCarthy]] Sr. &amp; [[James V. Monaco]]<br /> * &quot;If I Had My Way&quot; w. [[Lou Klein]] m. [[James Kendis]]<br /> * &quot;I'll Change The Shadows To Sunshine&quot; w. [[George Graff Jr.]] m. [[Ernest Ball|Ernest R. Ball]]<br /> * &quot;I'll Get You&quot; w. [[Will D. Cobb]] m. [[Gus Edwards (songwriter)|Gus Edwards]]<br /> * &quot;I'm On My Way To Mandalay&quot; w. Al Bryan m. [[Fred Fisher]]<br /> * &quot;The Incandescent Rag&quot; m. [[George Botsford]]<br /> * &quot;The International Rag&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;Isle D'Amour&quot; w. [[Earl Carroll]] m. [[Leo Edwards (composer)|Leo Edwards]]<br /> * &quot;It's Nice To Get Up In The Morning&quot; w.m. [[Harry Lauder]]<br /> * &quot;Just For Tonight&quot; w.m. [[George L. Cobb]]<br /> * &quot;Keep On Walking&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;Lion Tamer Rag&quot; m. Mark Janza<br /> * &quot;Look In Her Eyes&quot; w. [[Herbert Reynolds|M. E. Rourke]] m. [[Jerome Kern]]<br /> * &quot;Marcheta&quot; by [[Victor Schertzinger]]<br /> * &quot;Melinda's Wedding Day&quot; Berlin<br /> * &quot;My Little Moonlight Maid&quot; w. W. R. Williams m. Spencer Williams<br /> * &quot;Never Mind&quot; w.m. [[Harry Dent]] &amp; [[Tom Goldburn]]<br /> * &quot;The Old Maids' Ball&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;[[On the Old Fall River Line]]&quot; w. [[William Jerome]] &amp; [[Andrew B. Sterling]] m. [[Harry Von Tilzer]]<br /> * &quot;Panama&quot; w. [[George V. Hobart]] m. [[Raymond Hubbell]]<br /> * &quot;[[Peg O' My Heart]]&quot; w. [[Alfred Bryan]] m. [[Fred Fisher]]<br /> * &quot;The Pullman Porters On Parade&quot; w. [[Ren G. May]] m. Maurice Abrahams<br /> * &quot;Rebecca Of Sunnybrook Farm&quot; w. A. Seymour Brown m. [[Albert Gumble]]<br /> * &quot;Sailing Down The Chesapeake Bay&quot; [[George Botsford]] &amp; [[Jean C. Harvez]]<br /> * &quot;[[San Francisco Bound]]&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;Snookey Ookums&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;Somebody's Coming To My House&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;Something Seems Tingle-Ingling&quot; w. [[Otto Harbach]] m. [[Rudolf Friml]]<br /> * &quot;[[The Sunshine of Your Smile]]&quot; w. [[Leonard Cooke]] m. [[Lilian Ray]]<br /> * &quot;Sweethearts&quot; w. [[Robert Bache Smith|Robert B. Smith]] m. [[Victor Herbert]]<br /> * &quot;Take Me to Roseland, My Beautiful Rose&quot; w. [[Jack Strouse]] &amp; Ed Johnson m. Nat Osbrone<br /> * &quot;There's A Girl In The Heart Of Maryland&quot; w. [[Ballard MacDonald]] m. [[Harry Carroll]]<br /> * &quot;[[There's a Long, Long Trail]]&quot; w. [[Stoddard King]] m. [[Alonzo Elliot]]<br /> * &quot;[[There Is Power in a Union]]&quot; w. [[Joe Hill]] m. Lewis E. Jones<br /> * &quot;They've Got Me Doin' It Now&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;[[Too Ra Loo Ra Loo Ral|Too-Ra-Loo-Ra-Loo-Ral (That's an Irish Lullaby)]]&quot; w.m. [[James Royce Shannon]]<br /> * &quot;[[The Trail of the Lonesome Pine (song)|The Trail of the Lonesome Pine]]&quot; w. [[Ballard MacDonald]] m. [[Harry Carroll]]<br /> * &quot;Tra-La, La, La!&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;We Have Much To Be Thankful For&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;Welcome Home&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;When You Play In The Game Of Love&quot; w. Joe Goodwin m. Al Piantadosi<br /> * &quot;When You're All Dressed Up And No Place To Go&quot; w. [[Benjamin Hapgood Burt]] m. [[Silvio Hein]]<br /> * &quot;Where Did You Get That Girl?&quot; w. [[Bert Kalmar]] m. [[Harry Puck]]<br /> * &quot;[[You Made Me Love You (I Didn't Want to Do It)|You Made Me Love You]]&quot; w. [[Joseph McCarthy (lyricist)|Joseph McCarthy]] m. [[James V. Monaco]]<br /> * &quot;You're Here And I'm Here&quot; w. Harry B. Smith m. [[Jerome Kern]]<br /> * &quot;You've Got Your Mother's Big Blue Eyes&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> <br /> ==Popular recordings==<br /> * &quot;[[The Spaniard That Blighted My Life]]&quot; by [[Al Jolson]]<br /> * &quot;Till the Sands of the Desert Grow Cold&quot; by Alan Turner<br /> * &quot;When the Midnight Choo-Choo Leaves for Alabam'&quot; by [[Collins &amp; Harlan]]<br /> * &quot;Cohen on the Telephone&quot; – Ethnic humor<br /> * &quot;It's Nicer To Be In Bed&quot; by [[Harry Lauder]]<br /> <br /> ==Classical music==<br /> *[[George Butterworth]] – ''Banks of Green Willow''<br /> *[[John Alden Carpenter]] – Violin Sonata<br /> *[[Claude Debussy]] – ''La boîte à joujoux'' (ballet); ''Trois poèmes de Stéphane Mallarmé''<br /> *[[Gustav Holst]] – ''St Paul's Suite''<br /> *[[Paul von Klenau]]<br /> ** Symphony No. 3<br /> ** Symphony No. 4 (''Dante-Symphony'')<br /> ** ''Paolo und Francesca ''(symphonic fantasy)'''<br /> *[[Morfydd Owen]] - ''[[Nocturne]]''<br /> *[[Sergei Rachmaninoff]] – [[The Bells (symphony)|''The Bells'']] (Choral symphony)<br /> *[[Maurice Ravel]] – ''Trois Poèmes de Stéphane Mallarmé''<br /> *[[Arnold Schoenberg]] – ''[[Gurre-Lieder]]''<br /> *[[Igor Stravinsky]] – ''[[The Rite of Spring]]''<br /> *[[Ralph Vaughan Williams]] – ''[[A London Symphony]]'' (Symphony No. 2)<br /> *[[Louis Vierne]] – ''Messe basse'', Op. 30<br /> *[[Anton Webern]]<br /> **Six Bagatelles, Op. 9, for string quartet<br /> **Five Pieces for orchestra<br /> **Three Pieces for string quartet and mezzosoprano<br /> <br /> ==Opera==<br /> *[[Manuel de Falla]] – ''[[La vida breve]]''<br /> *[[Gabriel Fauré]] – ''[[Pénélope]]''<br /> *[[Jules Massenet]] – ''[[Panurge (opera)|Panurge]]''<br /> *[[Italo Montemezzi]] – ''[[L'amore dei tre re]] (The Love of the Three Kings)''<br /> *[[Modest Mussorgsky]] – ''[[The Fair at Sorochyntsi]] (Sorochinskaya yarmarka)'' (incomplete)<br /> *[[Uzeyir Hajibeyov]] – ''[[Arshin Mal Alan (operetta)|Arshin Mal Alan]]'' (operetta)<br /> *[[Paul von Klenau]] – ''Sulamith''<br /> <br /> ==[[Musical theater]]==<br /> * ''[[Adele (musical)|Adele]]'' – Broadway production opened at the [[Longacre Theatre]] on August 28 and ran for 196 performances<br /> * ''[[The American Maid]]'' – Broadway production<br /> * ''[[The Girl from Utah]]'' – London production opened at the [[Adelphi Theatre]] on October 18 and ran for 195 performances<br /> * ''[[The Girl on the Film]]'' – London production opened at the [[Gaiety Theatre, London|Gaiety Theatre]] on April 5 and ran for 232 performances<br /> * ''[[The Girl on the Film]]'' – Broadway production opened at the [[44th Street Theatre]] on December 29 and ran for 64 performances<br /> * ''[[The Honeymoon Express]]'' – Broadway production opened at the [[Winter Garden Theatre]] on February 6 and ran for 156 performances<br /> * ''[[Hullo, Tango]]'' – London production opened at the [[London Hippodrome|Hippodrome]] on December 23<br /> * ''[[The Isle o' Dreams]]'' – Broadway production opened at the [[Pike's Opera House|Grand Opera House]] on January 27 and ran for 32 performances<br /> * ''[[The Laughing Husband]]'' – London production opened at the [[Noël Coward Theatre|New Theatre]] on October 2.<br /> * ''[[The Little Café]]'' – Broadway production opened at the [[New Amsterdam Theatre]] on November 10 and ran for 144 performances<br /> * ''[[The Madcap Duchess]]'' (Music: [[Victor Herbert]]) – Broadway production opened at the [[Globe Theatre (New York)|Globe Theatre]] on November 11 and ran for 71 performances. Starring [[Ann Swinburne]], [[Peggy Wood]] and Glenn Hall<br /> * ''[[Der Mädchenmarkt]]'' – Vienna production opened at the [[Carltheater]] on May 7<br /> * ''[[The Marriage Market]]'' – London production opened at [[Daly's Theatre (London)|Daly's Theatre]] on May 17 and ran for 423 performances<br /> * ''[[The Pearl Girl]]'' – London production opened at the [[Shaftesbury Theatre]] on September 25 and ran for 254 performances<br /> * ''The Pleasure Seekers'' (Music: [[E. Ray Goetz]]) – Broadway production opened at the [[Winter Garden Theatre]] on November 3, starring William J. Montgomery and [[Florence Moore]],&lt;ref&gt;Anon., &quot;'Pleasure Seekers' a Spectacle Only: New Winter Garden Show Lacks Comedy, but Has a Big, Dazzling Chorus: Snowball Fight Exciting&quot;, ''The New York Times'' (4 November 1913): 9.&lt;/ref&gt; and ran for 72 performances.&lt;ref&gt;James M. Salem, ''A Guide to Critical Reviews: The Musical, 1909–1974'', second edition (Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1976): 389. {{ISBN|9780810809598}}.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * ''[[The Sunshine Girl]]'' – Broadway production opened at the [[Knickerbocker Theatre (Broadway)|Knickerbocker Theatre]] on February 3 and ran for 160 performances<br /> * ''[[Sweethearts (theater)|Sweethearts]]'' – Broadway production opened at the [[New Amsterdam Theatre]] on September 8 and transferred to the [[Liberty Theatre (New York, New York)|Liberty Theatre]] on November 10 for a total run of 272 performances<br /> * ''[[Ziegfeld Follies|Ziegfeld Follies of 1913]]'' – Broadway [[revue]] opened at the [[New Amsterdam Theatre]] on June 16 and ran for 108 performances<br /> <br /> ==Births==<br /> *[[January 18]] – [[Danny Kaye]], actor, singer, dancer and comedian (d. 1987)<br /> *[[January 22]] – [[Sid Bass (songwriter)|Sid Bass]], songwriter (d. 1993)<br /> *[[January 24]] – [[Norman Dello Joio]], American composer (d. 2008)<br /> *[[January 25]] – [[Witold Lutosławski]], composer (d. 1994)<br /> *[[January 26]] – [[Jimmy Van Heusen]], American composer (d. 1990)<br /> *[[January 27]]<br /> **[[Milton Adolphus]], pianist and composer (d. 1988)<br /> **[[Jack Brymer]], English clarinettist (d. 2003)<br /> *[[March 2]] – [[Celedonio Romero]], guitarist, composer and poet (d. 1996)<br /> *[[March 4]] – [[Willie Johnson (guitarist)|Willie Johnson]], guitarist (d. 1995)<br /> *[[March 5]] – [[Gangubai Hangal]], Indian classical singer (d. 2009)<br /> *[[March 13]]<br /> **[[Smoky Dawson]], Australian singer (d. 2008)<br /> **[[Libero de Luca]], operatic tenor (d. 1997)<br /> **[[Sergey Mikhalkov]], Russian lyricist (d. 2009)<br /> *[[March 30]] – [[Frankie Laine]], singer (d. 2007)<br /> *[[March 31]] – [[Etta Baker]], blues guitarist and singer (d. 2006)<br /> *[[April 4]] – [[Gene Ramey]], jazz musician (d. 1984)<br /> *[[April 14]] – [[Jean Fournet]], French conductor (d. 2008)<br /> *[[May 1]] – [[Walter Susskind]], Czech conductor (d. 1980)<br /> *[[May 6]]<br /> **&lt;!--May 6--&gt;[[Carmen Cavallaro]], pianist (d. 1989)<br /> **&lt;!--May 6--&gt;[[Gyula Dávid]], composer (d. 1977)<br /> *[[May 12]] – [[Jamelão]], samba singer (d. 2008)<br /> *[[May 16]] – [[Woody Herman]], US jazz musician and bandleader (d. 1987)<br /> *[[May 21]] – [[Gina Bachauer]], pianist (d. 1976)<br /> *[[May 18]] – [[Charles Trenet]], French singer, actor and songwriter (d. 2001)<br /> *[[June 10]] – [[Tikhon Khrennikov]], Russian composer (d. 2007)<br /> *[[June 11]] – [[Risë Stevens]], American mezzosoprano (d. 2013)<br /> *[[June 12]] – [[Nina Mae McKinney]], dancer and actress (d. 1967)<br /> *[[June 18]] – [[Sammy Cahn]], songwriter (d. 1993)<br /> *[[June 23]] – [[Helen Humes]], US singer (d. 1981)<br /> *[[June 28]] – [[George Lloyd (composer)|George Lloyd]], composer (d. 1998)<br /> *[[July 12]] – [[Reino Helismaa]], singer-songwriter (d. 1965)<br /> *[[July 15]] – [[Cowboy Copas]], country singer (d. 1963)<br /> *[[July 22]] – [[Gorni Kramer]], Italian bandleader (d. 1995)<br /> *[[August 2]]<br /> **&lt;!--August 2--&gt;[[Hal Block]], songwriter (d. 1981)<br /> **&lt;!--August 2--&gt;[[Edric Connor]], calypso singer (d. 1968)<br /> *[[August 28]] – [[Robert Irving (conductor)|Robert Irving]], conductor (d. 1991)<br /> *[[August 29]] – [[Sylvia Fine]], songwriter (d. 1991)<br /> *[[September 17]] – [[Jørgen Jersild]], Danish composer and music educator (d. 2004)<br /> *[[September 20]] – [[John Collins (jazz guitarist)|John Collins]], jazz guitarist (d. 2001)<br /> *[[September 26]] – [[Dorothy Sloop]], jazz musician (d. 1998)<br /> *[[October 15]] – [[David Carroll (musician)|David Carroll]], songwriter and conductor (d. 2008)<br /> *[[October 16]] – [[Gino Bechi]], operatic bass-baritone (d. 1993)<br /> *[[October 19]] <br /> **[[John Blackburn (songwriter)|John Blackburn]], lyricist (d. 2006)<br /> **[[Vinicius de Moraes]], Brazilian lyricist (d. 1980)<br /> *[[October 24]] – [[Tito Gobbi]], operatic baritone (d. 1984)<br /> *[[October 26]] – [[Charlie Barnet]], US bandleader (d. 1991)<br /> *[[November 2]] – [[Harry Babbitt]], US singer with [[Kay Kyser]] &amp; his orchestra (d. 2004)<br /> *[[November 3]] – [[Marika Rökk]], singer, dancer and actress (d. 2004)<br /> *[[November 8]] – [[June Havoc]], vaudeville performer and film star (d. 2010)<br /> *[[November 15]] – [[Gus Johnson (jazz musician)|Gus Johnson]], jazz drummer (d. 2000)<br /> *[[November 19]] – [[Blue Barron]], orchestra leader (d. 2005)<br /> *[[November 22]] – [[Benjamin Britten]], composer (d. 1976)<br /> *[[November 23]] – [[Raymond Hanson (composer)|Raymond Hanson]], composer and teacher (d. 1976) <br /> *[[December 1]] – [[Mary Martin]], US singer and actress (d. 1990)<br /> *December 10 – Morton Gould, composer conductor arranger ASCAP President (d. 1996)<br /> *[[December 30]] – [[Lucio Agostini]], conductor and composer (d. 1996)<br /> <br /> ==Deaths==<br /> *[[February 26]] – [[Felix Draeseke]], composer (b. 1835)<br /> *[[March 19]]<br /> **[[Géza Allaga]], composer, cellist and cimbalist (b. 1841)<br /> **[[John Thomas (harpist)|John Thomas]], harpist and composer (b. 1826)<br /> *[[March 20]] – [[Christian Barnekow]], Danish composer (b. 1837)<br /> *[[April 4]] – [[Alessandro Parisotti]], composer and music writer (b. 1853)<br /> *[[May 5]] – [[Helen Carte]], theatre impresario (b. 1852)<br /> *[[June 3]] – [[Josef Richard Rozkošný]], pianist and composer (b. 1833)<br /> *[[June 6]] – [[Mary Seney Sheldon]], first female president of the New York Philharmonic (b. 1863)<br /> *[[June 17]] – [[Ingeborg Bronsart von Schellendorf]], Swedish-German composer (b. 1840)<br /> *[[July 4]] – [[Nadezhda Zabela-Vrubel]], operatic soprano (b. 1868)<br /> *[[July 16]] – [[Sigismund Bachrich]], violinist and composer (b. 1841)<br /> *[[July 17]] – [[Armes Beaumont]], singer (b. 1842)<br /> *[[August 7]] – [[David Popper]], cellist and composer (b. 1843) <br /> *[[August 11]] – [[Brasílio Itiberê da Cunha]], lawyer, diplomat and composer (b. <br /> *[[August 26]] – [[Michael Maybrick]], composer and singer (b. 1841)<br /> *[[September 13]] – [[Alfred R. Gaul]], conductor and composer (b. 1837)<br /> *[[September 17]] – [[Alfred Sormann]], pianist and composer (b. 1861)<br /> *[[September 22]] – [[Eliakum Zunser]], poet and songwriter (b. 1835)<br /> *[[October 20]]<br /> **&lt;!--October 20--&gt;[[Charles Brookfield]], theatre writer (b. 1857)<br /> **&lt;!--October 20--&gt;[[Polk Miller]], banjo player and folk musician (b. 1844)<br /> *[[November 3]] – [[Hans Bronsart von Schellendorf]], pianist and composer (b. 1830)<br /> *[[December 6]] – [[Alexander Hurley]], music hall performer (b. 1871)<br /> *''date unknown'' – [[Ludwig Milde]], composer of bassoon music (b. 1849)<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1913 in music| ]]<br /> [[Category:20th century in music]]<br /> [[Category:Music by year]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1913_in_music&diff=894965910 1913 in music 2019-05-01T04:09:09Z <p>Perryso: /* Classical music */Added content.</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2012}}<br /> {{YYYY music|1913}}<br /> {{Year nav topic5|1913|music}}<br /> This is a list of notable events in music that took place in the year 1913.<br /> <br /> ==Specific locations==<br /> *[[1913 in British music]]<br /> *[[1913 in Norwegian music]]<br /> <br /> ==Specific genres==<br /> *[[1913 in jazz]]<br /> <br /> ==Events==<br /> *[[March 9]] – The second performance of [[Francesco Balilla Pratella]]'s ''Musica Futurista'' in Rome becomes the first of several pieces this year of [[List of classical music with an unruly audience response|classical music with an unruly audience response]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last=Payton|first=Rodney J.|title=The Music of Futurism: Concerts and Polemics|journal=[[The Musical Quarterly]]|year=1976|volume=LXII|issue=1|page=33|doi=10.1093/mq/lxii.1.25}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=9-M_jhnOuboC&amp;pg=PA415&amp;lpg=PA415&amp;dq=russolo+riot#v=onepage&amp;q=russolo%20riot&amp;f=false|title=Music of the Twentieth-century Avant-garde: A Biocritical Sourcebook|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|date=2002|isbn=9780313296895}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> *[[March 31]] – ''[[Skandalkonzert]]'': A concert at the [[Musikverein]] in [[Vienna]] with [[Arnold Schoenberg]] conducting music by himself and his pupils [[Alban Berg]] and [[Anton Webern]], particularly Berg's ''[[Altenberg Lieder]]'', provokes fisticuffs and is abandoned.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Barker|first=Andrew|year=1997|chapter=Battles of the Mind: Berg and the Cultural Politics of 'Vienna 1900'|title=[[Cambridge Companions to Music|The Cambridge Companion to Berg]]|page=24|editor=Pople, Anthony|isbn=0-521-56489-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> *[[April 1]] – [[Manuel de Falla]]'s opera ''[[La vida breve]]'' is given its world première in [[Nice]].<br /> *[[May 29]] – The [[ballet]] ''[[The Rite of Spring]]'', with music by [[Igor Stravinsky]] conducted by [[Pierre Monteux]] and choreography by [[Vaslav Nijinsky]] is premièred by [[Sergei Diaghilev]]'s [[Ballets Russes]] at the [[Théâtre des Champs-Élysées]] in [[Paris]], its [[modernism]] provoking one of the most famous classical music riots in history.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wnyc.org/shows/radiolab/episodes/2006/04/21 Radio Lab, Show 202: &quot;Musical Language&quot;] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100901005957/http://www.wnyc.org/shows/radiolab/episodes/2006/04/21 |date=September 1, 2010 }}, New York: WNYC (21 April 2006). Host/Producer: Jad Abumrad, Co-Host: Robert Krulwich, Producer: Ellen Horne, Production Executives: Dean Capello and Mikel Ellcessor.&lt;/ref&gt; The audience includes [[Gabriele D'Annunzio]], [[Coco Chanel]], [[Marcel Duchamp]], [[Harry Graf Kessler]] and [[Maurice Ravel]]. Police are called during the interval.<br /> *[[September 5]] – [[Sergei Prokofiev]]'s performance of the first version of his ''[[Piano Concerto No. 2 (Prokofiev)|Piano Concerto No. 2]]'' at [[Pavlovsk, Saint Petersburg]], is met with hisses and catcalls.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|authorlink=Michael Steinberg (music critic)|last=Steinberg|first=Michael|url=http://www.sfsymphony.org/Watch-Listen-Learn/Read-Program-Notes/Program-Notes/PROKOFIEV-Concerto-No-2-in-G-minor-for-Piano-and-O.aspx|title=Prokofiev: Piano Concerto No. 2|publisher=[[San Francisco Symphony]]|accessdate=2016-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605041410/http://www.sfsymphony.org/Watch-Listen-Learn/Read-Program-Notes/Program-Notes/PROKOFIEV-Concerto-No-2-in-G-minor-for-Piano-and-O.aspx|archive-date=June 5, 2016|dead-url=yes|df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> *[[September 10]] – [[Jean Sibelius]]'s tone poem ''[[Luonnotar (Sibelius)|Luonnotar]]'' is premiered at the [[Three Choirs Festival]] in [[Gloucester Cathedral]], England, with soprano [[Aino Ackté]] and orchestra conducted by [[Herbert Brewer]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Luonnotar (Daughter of Nature)|work=Jean Sibelius – The Music|accessdate=2016-11-12|url=http://www.sibelius.fi/english/musiikki/ork_luonnotar.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> *October – [[Edison Diamond Disc Record]] introduced.<br /> *The term &quot;[[Jazz]]&quot; first appears in print (in the [[San Francisco]] ''Bulletin'').<br /> *[[Louis Armstrong]] begins playing the [[cornet]], in the band of the New Orleans Home for Colored Waifs.<br /> *[[Lili Boulanger]] becomes the first woman to win the Musical Composition section of the [[Prix de Rome]], with her [[cantata]] ''Faust et Hélène''.<br /> *The [[Aeolian Company]] introduces the [[Duo-Art]] piano technology.<br /> *[[Edward Bairstow]] becomes organist of [[York Minster]].<br /> <br /> [[Image:CurseOfAnAchingHeart1913.jpg|right]]<br /> <br /> ==Published popular music==<br /> * &quot;Abie Sings An Irish Song&quot;: words &amp; music by [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;All Aboard For Dixieland&quot;: words [[Jack Yellen]], music [[George L. Cobb]]<br /> * &quot;And Then&quot;, w. [[Alfred Bryan]], m. [[Herman Paley]]<br /> * &quot;The Angelus&quot;, w. [[Robert Bache Smith|Robert B. Smith]], w. [[Victor Herbert]]<br /> * &quot;Asia&quot; by [[E. Ray Goetz]]<br /> * &quot;At The Ball, That's All&quot; by [[J. Leubrie Hill]]<br /> * &quot;Ay, Ay, Ay!&quot; by [[Osman Perez Freire]]<br /> * &quot;[[Ballin' the Jack]]&quot;, w. [[James Henry Burris]], m. [[Chris Smith (composer)|Chris Smith]]<br /> * &quot;Brighten The Corner Where You Are&quot; w. [[Ina Duley Ogdon]] m. [[Charles H. Gabriel]]<br /> * &quot;The Bubble&quot; by [[Otto Harbach]]<br /> * &quot;Crazy Bone Rag&quot; m. [[Charles L. Johnson]]<br /> * &quot;The Cricket On The Hearth&quot; w. [[Robert Bache Smith|Robert B. Smith]] m. [[Victor Herbert]]<br /> * &quot;'Cross The Great Divide&quot; w. [[Sam M. Lewis]] m. [[George W. Meyer]]<br /> * &quot;The Curse Of An Aching Heart&quot; w. [[Henry Fink]] m. [[Al Piantadosi]]<br /> * &quot;[[Daddy, Come Home]]&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;[[Danny Boy]]&quot; w. [[Frederick Weatherly]] m. trad<br /> * &quot;Don't Blame It All On Broadway&quot; w. [[Joe Young (lyricist)|Joe Young]] &amp; [[Harry Williams (songwriter)|Harry Williams]] m. [[Bert Grant]]<br /> * &quot;Down In Chattanooga&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;[[El Cóndor Pasa (song)|El Cóndor Pasa]]&quot; by [[Daniel Alomía Robles]]<br /> * &quot;Fat Li'l' Feller Wid His Mammy's Eyes&quot; w.m. [[Sheridan Gordon]] &amp; [[F. L. Stanton]]<br /> * &quot;Fifteen Cents&quot; by [[Chris Smith (composer)|Chris Smith]]<br /> * &quot;[[Gasoline (1913 song)|Gasoline]]&quot; w. J. Will Callahan (1874–1946), m. Paul Pratt (1890–1948)<br /> * &quot;Goodbye Boys&quot; w. [[Andrew B. Sterling]] &amp; [[William Jerome]] m. [[Harry Von Tilzer]]<br /> * &quot;Happy Little Country Girl&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;[[He'd Have to Get Under — Get Out and Get Under (to Fix Up His Automobile)]]&quot; w. [[Grant Clark]] &amp; [[Edgar Leslie]] m. [[Maurice Abrahams]]<br /> * &quot;Hello, Honey&quot; w. George V. Hobart m. [[Raymond Hubbell]]. Introduced by Elizabeth Brice in the revue ''[[Ziegfeld Follies|Ziegfeld Follies of 1913]]''<br /> * &quot;Hungarian Rag&quot; m. [[Julius Lenzberg]]<br /> * &quot;I Can Live Without You&quot; w. [[Gene Buck]] m. [[Dave Stamper]]<br /> * &quot;I Miss You Most Of All&quot; w.m. [[Joseph McCarthy (lyricist)|Joseph McCarthy]] Sr. &amp; [[James V. Monaco]]<br /> * &quot;If I Had My Way&quot; w. [[Lou Klein]] m. [[James Kendis]]<br /> * &quot;I'll Change The Shadows To Sunshine&quot; w. [[George Graff Jr.]] m. [[Ernest Ball|Ernest R. Ball]]<br /> * &quot;I'll Get You&quot; w. [[Will D. Cobb]] m. [[Gus Edwards (songwriter)|Gus Edwards]]<br /> * &quot;I'm On My Way To Mandalay&quot; w. Al Bryan m. [[Fred Fisher]]<br /> * &quot;The Incandescent Rag&quot; m. [[George Botsford]]<br /> * &quot;The International Rag&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;Isle D'Amour&quot; w. [[Earl Carroll]] m. [[Leo Edwards (composer)|Leo Edwards]]<br /> * &quot;It's Nice To Get Up In The Morning&quot; w.m. [[Harry Lauder]]<br /> * &quot;Just For Tonight&quot; w.m. [[George L. Cobb]]<br /> * &quot;Keep On Walking&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;Lion Tamer Rag&quot; m. Mark Janza<br /> * &quot;Look In Her Eyes&quot; w. [[Herbert Reynolds|M. E. Rourke]] m. [[Jerome Kern]]<br /> * &quot;Marcheta&quot; by [[Victor Schertzinger]]<br /> * &quot;Melinda's Wedding Day&quot; Berlin<br /> * &quot;My Little Moonlight Maid&quot; w. W. R. Williams m. Spencer Williams<br /> * &quot;Never Mind&quot; w.m. [[Harry Dent]] &amp; [[Tom Goldburn]]<br /> * &quot;The Old Maids' Ball&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;[[On the Old Fall River Line]]&quot; w. [[William Jerome]] &amp; [[Andrew B. Sterling]] m. [[Harry Von Tilzer]]<br /> * &quot;Panama&quot; w. [[George V. Hobart]] m. [[Raymond Hubbell]]<br /> * &quot;[[Peg O' My Heart]]&quot; w. [[Alfred Bryan]] m. [[Fred Fisher]]<br /> * &quot;The Pullman Porters On Parade&quot; w. [[Ren G. May]] m. Maurice Abrahams<br /> * &quot;Rebecca Of Sunnybrook Farm&quot; w. A. Seymour Brown m. [[Albert Gumble]]<br /> * &quot;Sailing Down The Chesapeake Bay&quot; [[George Botsford]] &amp; [[Jean C. Harvez]]<br /> * &quot;[[San Francisco Bound]]&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;Snookey Ookums&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;Somebody's Coming To My House&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;Something Seems Tingle-Ingling&quot; w. [[Otto Harbach]] m. [[Rudolf Friml]]<br /> * &quot;[[The Sunshine of Your Smile]]&quot; w. [[Leonard Cooke]] m. [[Lilian Ray]]<br /> * &quot;Sweethearts&quot; w. [[Robert Bache Smith|Robert B. Smith]] m. [[Victor Herbert]]<br /> * &quot;Take Me to Roseland, My Beautiful Rose&quot; w. [[Jack Strouse]] &amp; Ed Johnson m. Nat Osbrone<br /> * &quot;There's A Girl In The Heart Of Maryland&quot; w. [[Ballard MacDonald]] m. [[Harry Carroll]]<br /> * &quot;[[There's a Long, Long Trail]]&quot; w. [[Stoddard King]] m. [[Alonzo Elliot]]<br /> * &quot;[[There Is Power in a Union]]&quot; w. [[Joe Hill]] m. Lewis E. Jones<br /> * &quot;They've Got Me Doin' It Now&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;[[Too Ra Loo Ra Loo Ral|Too-Ra-Loo-Ra-Loo-Ral (That's an Irish Lullaby)]]&quot; w.m. [[James Royce Shannon]]<br /> * &quot;[[The Trail of the Lonesome Pine (song)|The Trail of the Lonesome Pine]]&quot; w. [[Ballard MacDonald]] m. [[Harry Carroll]]<br /> * &quot;Tra-La, La, La!&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;We Have Much To Be Thankful For&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;Welcome Home&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> * &quot;When You Play In The Game Of Love&quot; w. Joe Goodwin m. Al Piantadosi<br /> * &quot;When You're All Dressed Up And No Place To Go&quot; w. [[Benjamin Hapgood Burt]] m. [[Silvio Hein]]<br /> * &quot;Where Did You Get That Girl?&quot; w. [[Bert Kalmar]] m. [[Harry Puck]]<br /> * &quot;[[You Made Me Love You (I Didn't Want to Do It)|You Made Me Love You]]&quot; w. [[Joseph McCarthy (lyricist)|Joseph McCarthy]] m. [[James V. Monaco]]<br /> * &quot;You're Here And I'm Here&quot; w. Harry B. Smith m. [[Jerome Kern]]<br /> * &quot;You've Got Your Mother's Big Blue Eyes&quot; w.m. [[Irving Berlin]]<br /> <br /> ==Popular recordings==<br /> * &quot;[[The Spaniard That Blighted My Life]]&quot; by [[Al Jolson]]<br /> * &quot;Till the Sands of the Desert Grow Cold&quot; by Alan Turner<br /> * &quot;When the Midnight Choo-Choo Leaves for Alabam'&quot; by [[Collins &amp; Harlan]]<br /> * &quot;Cohen on the Telephone&quot; – Ethnic humor<br /> * &quot;It's Nicer To Be In Bed&quot; by [[Harry Lauder]]<br /> <br /> ==Classical music==<br /> *[[George Butterworth]] – ''Banks of Green Willow''<br /> *[[John Alden Carpenter]] – Violin Sonata<br /> *[[Claude Debussy]] – ''La boîte à joujoux'' (ballet); ''Trois poèmes de Stéphane Mallarmé''<br /> *[[Gustav Holst]] – ''St Paul's Suite''<br /> *[[Paul von Klenau]]<br /> ** Symphony No. 3<br /> ** Symphony No. 4 (''Dante-Symphony'')<br /> ** ''Paolo und Francesca ''(symphonic fantasy)'''<br /> *[[Morfydd Owen]] - [[Nocturne]]<br /> *[[Sergei Rachmaninoff]] – [[The Bells (symphony)|''The Bells'']] (Choral symphony)<br /> *[[Maurice Ravel]] – ''Trois Poèmes de Stéphane Mallarmé''<br /> *[[Arnold Schoenberg]] – ''[[Gurre-Lieder]]''<br /> *[[Igor Stravinsky]] – ''[[The Rite of Spring]]''<br /> *[[Ralph Vaughan Williams]] – ''[[A London Symphony]]'' (Symphony No. 2)<br /> *[[Louis Vierne]] – ''Messe basse'', Op. 30<br /> *[[Anton Webern]]<br /> **Six Bagatelles, Op. 9, for string quartet<br /> **Five Pieces for orchestra<br /> **Three Pieces for string quartet and mezzosoprano<br /> <br /> ==Opera==<br /> *[[Manuel de Falla]] – ''[[La vida breve]]''<br /> *[[Gabriel Fauré]] – ''[[Pénélope]]''<br /> *[[Jules Massenet]] – ''[[Panurge (opera)|Panurge]]''<br /> *[[Italo Montemezzi]] – ''[[L'amore dei tre re]] (The Love of the Three Kings)''<br /> *[[Modest Mussorgsky]] – ''[[The Fair at Sorochyntsi]] (Sorochinskaya yarmarka)'' (incomplete)<br /> *[[Uzeyir Hajibeyov]] – ''[[Arshin Mal Alan (operetta)|Arshin Mal Alan]]'' (operetta)<br /> *[[Paul von Klenau]] – ''Sulamith''<br /> <br /> ==[[Musical theater]]==<br /> * ''[[Adele (musical)|Adele]]'' – Broadway production opened at the [[Longacre Theatre]] on August 28 and ran for 196 performances<br /> * ''[[The American Maid]]'' – Broadway production<br /> * ''[[The Girl from Utah]]'' – London production opened at the [[Adelphi Theatre]] on October 18 and ran for 195 performances<br /> * ''[[The Girl on the Film]]'' – London production opened at the [[Gaiety Theatre, London|Gaiety Theatre]] on April 5 and ran for 232 performances<br /> * ''[[The Girl on the Film]]'' – Broadway production opened at the [[44th Street Theatre]] on December 29 and ran for 64 performances<br /> * ''[[The Honeymoon Express]]'' – Broadway production opened at the [[Winter Garden Theatre]] on February 6 and ran for 156 performances<br /> * ''[[Hullo, Tango]]'' – London production opened at the [[London Hippodrome|Hippodrome]] on December 23<br /> * ''[[The Isle o' Dreams]]'' – Broadway production opened at the [[Pike's Opera House|Grand Opera House]] on January 27 and ran for 32 performances<br /> * ''[[The Laughing Husband]]'' – London production opened at the [[Noël Coward Theatre|New Theatre]] on October 2.<br /> * ''[[The Little Café]]'' – Broadway production opened at the [[New Amsterdam Theatre]] on November 10 and ran for 144 performances<br /> * ''[[The Madcap Duchess]]'' (Music: [[Victor Herbert]]) – Broadway production opened at the [[Globe Theatre (New York)|Globe Theatre]] on November 11 and ran for 71 performances. Starring [[Ann Swinburne]], [[Peggy Wood]] and Glenn Hall<br /> * ''[[Der Mädchenmarkt]]'' – Vienna production opened at the [[Carltheater]] on May 7<br /> * ''[[The Marriage Market]]'' – London production opened at [[Daly's Theatre (London)|Daly's Theatre]] on May 17 and ran for 423 performances<br /> * ''[[The Pearl Girl]]'' – London production opened at the [[Shaftesbury Theatre]] on September 25 and ran for 254 performances<br /> * ''The Pleasure Seekers'' (Music: [[E. Ray Goetz]]) – Broadway production opened at the [[Winter Garden Theatre]] on November 3, starring William J. Montgomery and [[Florence Moore]],&lt;ref&gt;Anon., &quot;'Pleasure Seekers' a Spectacle Only: New Winter Garden Show Lacks Comedy, but Has a Big, Dazzling Chorus: Snowball Fight Exciting&quot;, ''The New York Times'' (4 November 1913): 9.&lt;/ref&gt; and ran for 72 performances.&lt;ref&gt;James M. Salem, ''A Guide to Critical Reviews: The Musical, 1909–1974'', second edition (Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1976): 389. {{ISBN|9780810809598}}.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * ''[[The Sunshine Girl]]'' – Broadway production opened at the [[Knickerbocker Theatre (Broadway)|Knickerbocker Theatre]] on February 3 and ran for 160 performances<br /> * ''[[Sweethearts (theater)|Sweethearts]]'' – Broadway production opened at the [[New Amsterdam Theatre]] on September 8 and transferred to the [[Liberty Theatre (New York, New York)|Liberty Theatre]] on November 10 for a total run of 272 performances<br /> * ''[[Ziegfeld Follies|Ziegfeld Follies of 1913]]'' – Broadway [[revue]] opened at the [[New Amsterdam Theatre]] on June 16 and ran for 108 performances<br /> <br /> ==Births==<br /> *[[January 18]] – [[Danny Kaye]], actor, singer, dancer and comedian (d. 1987)<br /> *[[January 22]] – [[Sid Bass (songwriter)|Sid Bass]], songwriter (d. 1993)<br /> *[[January 24]] – [[Norman Dello Joio]], American composer (d. 2008)<br /> *[[January 25]] – [[Witold Lutosławski]], composer (d. 1994)<br /> *[[January 26]] – [[Jimmy Van Heusen]], American composer (d. 1990)<br /> *[[January 27]]<br /> **[[Milton Adolphus]], pianist and composer (d. 1988)<br /> **[[Jack Brymer]], English clarinettist (d. 2003)<br /> *[[March 2]] – [[Celedonio Romero]], guitarist, composer and poet (d. 1996)<br /> *[[March 4]] – [[Willie Johnson (guitarist)|Willie Johnson]], guitarist (d. 1995)<br /> *[[March 5]] – [[Gangubai Hangal]], Indian classical singer (d. 2009)<br /> *[[March 13]]<br /> **[[Smoky Dawson]], Australian singer (d. 2008)<br /> **[[Libero de Luca]], operatic tenor (d. 1997)<br /> **[[Sergey Mikhalkov]], Russian lyricist (d. 2009)<br /> *[[March 30]] – [[Frankie Laine]], singer (d. 2007)<br /> *[[March 31]] – [[Etta Baker]], blues guitarist and singer (d. 2006)<br /> *[[April 4]] – [[Gene Ramey]], jazz musician (d. 1984)<br /> *[[April 14]] – [[Jean Fournet]], French conductor (d. 2008)<br /> *[[May 1]] – [[Walter Susskind]], Czech conductor (d. 1980)<br /> *[[May 6]]<br /> **&lt;!--May 6--&gt;[[Carmen Cavallaro]], pianist (d. 1989)<br /> **&lt;!--May 6--&gt;[[Gyula Dávid]], composer (d. 1977)<br /> *[[May 12]] – [[Jamelão]], samba singer (d. 2008)<br /> *[[May 16]] – [[Woody Herman]], US jazz musician and bandleader (d. 1987)<br /> *[[May 21]] – [[Gina Bachauer]], pianist (d. 1976)<br /> *[[May 18]] – [[Charles Trenet]], French singer, actor and songwriter (d. 2001)<br /> *[[June 10]] – [[Tikhon Khrennikov]], Russian composer (d. 2007)<br /> *[[June 11]] – [[Risë Stevens]], American mezzosoprano (d. 2013)<br /> *[[June 12]] – [[Nina Mae McKinney]], dancer and actress (d. 1967)<br /> *[[June 18]] – [[Sammy Cahn]], songwriter (d. 1993)<br /> *[[June 23]] – [[Helen Humes]], US singer (d. 1981)<br /> *[[June 28]] – [[George Lloyd (composer)|George Lloyd]], composer (d. 1998)<br /> *[[July 12]] – [[Reino Helismaa]], singer-songwriter (d. 1965)<br /> *[[July 15]] – [[Cowboy Copas]], country singer (d. 1963)<br /> *[[July 22]] – [[Gorni Kramer]], Italian bandleader (d. 1995)<br /> *[[August 2]]<br /> **&lt;!--August 2--&gt;[[Hal Block]], songwriter (d. 1981)<br /> **&lt;!--August 2--&gt;[[Edric Connor]], calypso singer (d. 1968)<br /> *[[August 28]] – [[Robert Irving (conductor)|Robert Irving]], conductor (d. 1991)<br /> *[[August 29]] – [[Sylvia Fine]], songwriter (d. 1991)<br /> *[[September 17]] – [[Jørgen Jersild]], Danish composer and music educator (d. 2004)<br /> *[[September 20]] – [[John Collins (jazz guitarist)|John Collins]], jazz guitarist (d. 2001)<br /> *[[September 26]] – [[Dorothy Sloop]], jazz musician (d. 1998)<br /> *[[October 15]] – [[David Carroll (musician)|David Carroll]], songwriter and conductor (d. 2008)<br /> *[[October 16]] – [[Gino Bechi]], operatic bass-baritone (d. 1993)<br /> *[[October 19]] <br /> **[[John Blackburn (songwriter)|John Blackburn]], lyricist (d. 2006)<br /> **[[Vinicius de Moraes]], Brazilian lyricist (d. 1980)<br /> *[[October 24]] – [[Tito Gobbi]], operatic baritone (d. 1984)<br /> *[[October 26]] – [[Charlie Barnet]], US bandleader (d. 1991)<br /> *[[November 2]] – [[Harry Babbitt]], US singer with [[Kay Kyser]] &amp; his orchestra (d. 2004)<br /> *[[November 3]] – [[Marika Rökk]], singer, dancer and actress (d. 2004)<br /> *[[November 8]] – [[June Havoc]], vaudeville performer and film star (d. 2010)<br /> *[[November 15]] – [[Gus Johnson (jazz musician)|Gus Johnson]], jazz drummer (d. 2000)<br /> *[[November 19]] – [[Blue Barron]], orchestra leader (d. 2005)<br /> *[[November 22]] – [[Benjamin Britten]], composer (d. 1976)<br /> *[[November 23]] – [[Raymond Hanson (composer)|Raymond Hanson]], composer and teacher (d. 1976) <br /> *[[December 1]] – [[Mary Martin]], US singer and actress (d. 1990)<br /> *December 10 – Morton Gould, composer conductor arranger ASCAP President (d. 1996)<br /> *[[December 30]] – [[Lucio Agostini]], conductor and composer (d. 1996)<br /> <br /> ==Deaths==<br /> *[[February 26]] – [[Felix Draeseke]], composer (b. 1835)<br /> *[[March 19]]<br /> **[[Géza Allaga]], composer, cellist and cimbalist (b. 1841)<br /> **[[John Thomas (harpist)|John Thomas]], harpist and composer (b. 1826)<br /> *[[March 20]] – [[Christian Barnekow]], Danish composer (b. 1837)<br /> *[[April 4]] – [[Alessandro Parisotti]], composer and music writer (b. 1853)<br /> *[[May 5]] – [[Helen Carte]], theatre impresario (b. 1852)<br /> *[[June 3]] – [[Josef Richard Rozkošný]], pianist and composer (b. 1833)<br /> *[[June 6]] – [[Mary Seney Sheldon]], first female president of the New York Philharmonic (b. 1863)<br /> *[[June 17]] – [[Ingeborg Bronsart von Schellendorf]], Swedish-German composer (b. 1840)<br /> *[[July 4]] – [[Nadezhda Zabela-Vrubel]], operatic soprano (b. 1868)<br /> *[[July 16]] – [[Sigismund Bachrich]], violinist and composer (b. 1841)<br /> *[[July 17]] – [[Armes Beaumont]], singer (b. 1842)<br /> *[[August 7]] – [[David Popper]], cellist and composer (b. 1843) <br /> *[[August 11]] – [[Brasílio Itiberê da Cunha]], lawyer, diplomat and composer (b. <br /> *[[August 26]] – [[Michael Maybrick]], composer and singer (b. 1841)<br /> *[[September 13]] – [[Alfred R. Gaul]], conductor and composer (b. 1837)<br /> *[[September 17]] – [[Alfred Sormann]], pianist and composer (b. 1861)<br /> *[[September 22]] – [[Eliakum Zunser]], poet and songwriter (b. 1835)<br /> *[[October 20]]<br /> **&lt;!--October 20--&gt;[[Charles Brookfield]], theatre writer (b. 1857)<br /> **&lt;!--October 20--&gt;[[Polk Miller]], banjo player and folk musician (b. 1844)<br /> *[[November 3]] – [[Hans Bronsart von Schellendorf]], pianist and composer (b. 1830)<br /> *[[December 6]] – [[Alexander Hurley]], music hall performer (b. 1871)<br /> *''date unknown'' – [[Ludwig Milde]], composer of bassoon music (b. 1849)<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1913 in music| ]]<br /> [[Category:20th century in music]]<br /> [[Category:Music by year]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perry_So&diff=714746241 Perry So 2016-04-11T16:16:42Z <p>Perryso: Fixed typo</p> <hr /> <div>'''Perry Pak Hin So''' (蘇柏軒) is an orchestral conductor. Between 2008 and 2012 he was the Assistant, subsequently Associate Conductor of the [[Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.hkphil.org/eng/concerts_and_ticket/artists/artistsdetail.jsp?id=1240&lt;/ref&gt; In 2009/10 he was a conducting fellow of the [[Los Angeles Philharmonic]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.laphil.com/philpedia/perry-so&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Born in Hong Kong in 1982, So graduated from [[Yale University]] with a degree in Comparative Literature, where he began his conducting studies, leading the Saybrook Orchestra and the Opera Theatre of Yale College. He subsequently studied with [[Gustav Meier]] at the [[Peabody Institute]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.harrisonparrott.com/artist/profile/perry-so&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In April 2008 So received the first and special prizes at the Fifth International Prokofiev Conducting Competition in Saint Petersburg, [[Russia]].&lt;ref&gt;http://english.prokofiev-competition.com/history&lt;/ref&gt; His 2012 recording of American violin concertos with German violinist {{ill|de|Alexander Gilman}} and the [[Cape Philharmonic Orchestra]] was awarded a [[Diapason d'Or]]. He was ''[[Musical America]]''{{'}}s New Artist of the Month for October 2009,&lt;ref&gt;http://www.musicalamerica.com/news/newsstory.cfm?archived=1&amp;storyid=21374&amp;categoryid=2&lt;/ref&gt; and his mentors include [[Edo de Waart]] and [[Esa-Pekka Salonen]]. He also worked with [[Gustavo Dudamel]], [[John Adams]], [[Lorin Maazel]], [[Raphael Frühbeck de Burgos]] and [[Herbert Blomstedt]] during his residency with the Los Angeles Philharmonic.<br /> <br /> Highlights in recent years include debuts with the London, Japan, Seoul and Malaysian Philharmonics, the Israel, Vancouver, Milwaukee, Tenerife, and Singapore Symphony Orchestras, the State Symphony Orchestra of Russia, the [[Zurich Chamber Orchestra]] and [[Het Residentie Orkest]] in The Hague; he has taken the [[New Zealand Symphony]], the [[National Taiwan Symphony Orchestra]] and the Zagreb Philharmonic on tour, the last in an historic series of concerts in capitals of the ex-Yugoslav countries. In 2012 he conducted the [[Royal Danish Theatre]]'s New Year's Concert, and returns to Copenhagen for annual concerts at the [[Tivoli Festival]]; he led the Hong Kong Philharmonic with [[Lang Lang]] in an internationally televised celebration of the 15th Anniversary of Hong Kong's return to China, and has made multiple appearances at the [[Hollywood Bowl]] with the Los Angeles Philharmonic. In 2016, he recorded [[Sergei Prokofiev]]'s earliest ballet, [[Chout]], and [[Germaine Tailleferre]]'s Marchand d'Oiseaux with the [[BBC National Orchestra of Wales]]&lt;ref&gt;http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/artists/0475d8dd-57af-44a5-beca-c7c553d2f300.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:So, Perry}}<br /> [[Category:1982 births]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:Classical musicians]]<br /> [[Category:Conductors]]<br /> [[Category:Hong Kong people]]<br /> [[Category:Hong Kong male musicians]]<br /> [[Category:Hong Kong conductors (music)]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perry_So&diff=714588522 Perry So 2016-04-10T17:50:45Z <p>Perryso: Added links</p> <hr /> <div>'''Perry Pak Hin So''' (蘇柏軒) is an orchestal conductor. Between 2008 and 2012 he was the Assistant, subsequently Associate Conductor of the [[Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.hkphil.org/eng/concerts_and_ticket/artists/artistsdetail.jsp?id=1240&lt;/ref&gt; In 2009/10 he was a conducting fellow of the [[Los Angeles Philharmonic]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.laphil.com/philpedia/perry-so&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Born in Hong Kong in 1982, So graduated from [[Yale University]] with a degree in Comparative Literature, where he began his conducting studies, leading the Saybrook Orchestra and the Opera Theatre of Yale College. He subsequently studied with [[Gustav Meier]] at the [[Peabody Institute]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.harrisonparrott.com/artist/profile/perry-so&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In April 2008 So received the first and special prizes at the Fifth International Prokofiev Conducting Competition in Saint Petersburg, [[Russia]].&lt;ref&gt;http://english.prokofiev-competition.com/history&lt;/ref&gt; His 2012 recording of American violin concertos with German violinist {{ill|de|Alexander Gilman}} and the [[Cape Philharmonic Orchestra]] was awarded a [[Diapason d'Or]]. He was ''[[Musical America]]''{{'}}s New Artist of the Month for October 2009,&lt;ref&gt;http://www.musicalamerica.com/news/newsstory.cfm?archived=1&amp;storyid=21374&amp;categoryid=2&lt;/ref&gt; and his mentors include [[Edo de Waart]] and [[Esa-Pekka Salonen]]. He also worked with [[Gustavo Dudamel]], [[John Adams]], [[Lorin Maazel]], [[Raphael Frühbeck de Burgos]] and [[Herbert Blomstedt]] during his residency with the Los Angeles Philharmonic.<br /> <br /> Highlights in recent years include debuts with the London, Japan, Seoul and Malaysian Philharmonics, the Israel, Vancouver, Milwaukee, Tenerife, and Singapore Symphony Orchestras, the State Symphony Orchestra of Russia, the [[Zurich Chamber Orchestra]] and [[Het Residentie Orkest]] in The Hague; he has taken the [[New Zealand Symphony]], the [[National Taiwan Symphony Orchestra]] and the Zagreb Philharmonic on tour, the last in an historic series of concerts in capitals of the ex-Yugoslav countries. In 2012 he conducted the [[Royal Danish Theatre]]'s New Year's Concert, and returns to Copenhagen for annual concerts at the [[Tivoli Festival]]; he led the Hong Kong Philharmonic with [[Lang Lang]] in an internationally televised celebration of the 15th Anniversary of Hong Kong's return to China, and has made multiple appearances at the [[Hollywood Bowl]] with the Los Angeles Philharmonic. In 2016, he recorded [[Sergei Prokofiev]]'s earliest ballet, [[Chout]], and [[Germaine Tailleferre]]'s Marchand d'Oiseaux with the [[BBC National Orchestra of Wales]]&lt;ref&gt;http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/artists/0475d8dd-57af-44a5-beca-c7c553d2f300.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:So, Perry}}<br /> [[Category:1982 births]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:Classical musicians]]<br /> [[Category:Conductors]]<br /> [[Category:Hong Kong people]]<br /> [[Category:Hong Kong male musicians]]<br /> [[Category:Hong Kong conductors (music)]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perry_So&diff=714587906 Perry So 2016-04-10T17:46:23Z <p>Perryso: Added links</p> <hr /> <div>'''Perry Pak Hin So''' (蘇柏軒) is an orchestal conductor. Between 2008 and 2012 he was the Assistant, subsequently Associate Conductor of the [[Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.hkphil.org/eng/concerts_and_ticket/artists/artistsdetail.jsp?id=1240&lt;/ref&gt; In 2009/10 he was a conducting fellow of the [[Los Angeles Philharmonic]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.laphil.com/philpedia/perry-so&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Born in Hong Kong in 1982, So graduated from [[Yale University]] with a degree in Comparative Literature, where he began his conducting studies, leading the Saybrook Orchestra and the Opera Theatre of Yale College. He subsequently studied with [[Gustav Meier]] at the [[Peabody Institute]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.harrisonparrott.com/artist/profile/perry-so&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In April 2008 So received the first and special prizes at the Fifth International Prokofiev Conducting Competition in Saint Petersburg, [[Russia]].&lt;ref&gt;http://english.prokofiev-competition.com/history&lt;/ref&gt; His 2012 recording of American violin concertos with German violinist {{ill|de|Alexander Gilman}} and the [[Cape Philharmonic Orchestra]] was awarded a [[Diapason d'Or]]. He was ''[[Musical America]]''{{'}}s New Artist of the Month for October 2009,&lt;ref&gt;http://www.musicalamerica.com/news/newsstory.cfm?archived=1&amp;storyid=21374&amp;categoryid=2&lt;/ref&gt; and his mentors include [[Edo de Waart]] and [[Esa-Pekka Salonen]]. He also worked with [[Gustavo Dudamel]], [[John Adams]], [[Lorin Maazel]], [[Raphael Frühbeck de Burgos]] and [[Herbert Blomstedt]] during his residency with the Los Angeles Philharmonic.<br /> <br /> Highlights in recent years include debuts with the London, Japan, Seoul and Malaysian Philharmonics, the Israel, Vancouver, Milwaukee, Tenerife, and Singapore Symphony Orchestras, the State Symphony Orchestra of Russia, the [[Zurich Chamber Orchestra]] and [[Het Residentie Orkest]] in The Hague; he has taken the [[New Zealand Symphony]], the [[National Taiwan Symphony Orchestra]] and the Zagreb Philharmonic on tour, the last in an historic series of concerts in capitals of the ex-Yugoslav countries. In 2012 he conducted the [[Royal Danish Theatre]]'s New Year's Concert, and returns to Copenhagen for annual concerts at the [[Tivoli Festival]]; he led the Hong Kong Philharmonic with [[Lang Lang]] in an internationally televised celebration of the 15th Anniversary of Hong Kong's return to China, and has made multiple appearances at the [[Hollywood Bowl]] with the Los Angeles Philharmonic. In 2016, he recorded [[Sergei Prokofiev]]'s earliest ballet, [[Chout]], and [[Germaine Tailleferre]]'s Marchand d'Oiseaux with the [[BBC National Orchestra of Wales]]&lt;ref&gt;http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/artists/0475d8dd-57af-44a5-beca-c7c553d2f300.<br /> <br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:So, Perry}}<br /> [[Category:1982 births]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:Classical musicians]]<br /> [[Category:Conductors]]<br /> [[Category:Hong Kong people]]<br /> [[Category:Hong Kong male musicians]]<br /> [[Category:Hong Kong conductors (music)]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perry_So&diff=714556788 Perry So 2016-04-10T13:48:39Z <p>Perryso: Added links</p> <hr /> <div>'''Perry Pak Hin So''' (蘇柏軒) is an orchestal conductor. Between 2008 and 2012 he was the Assistant, subsequently Associate Conductor of the [[Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.hkphil.org/eng/concerts_and_ticket/artists/artistsdetail.jsp?id=1240&lt;/ref&gt; In 2009/10 he was a conducting fellow of the [[Los Angeles Philharmonic]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.laphil.com/philpedia/perry-so&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Born in Hong Kong in 1982, So graduated from [[Yale University]] with a degree in Comparative Literature, where he began his conducting studies, leading the Saybrook Orchestra and the Opera Theatre of Yale College. He subsequently studied with [[Gustav Meier]] at the [[Peabody Institute]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.harrisonparrott.com/artist/profile/perry-so&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In April 2008 So received the first and special prizes at the Fifth International Prokofiev Conducting Competition in Saint Petersburg, [[Russia]].&lt;ref&gt;http://english.prokofiev-competition.com/history&lt;/ref&gt; His 2012 recording of American violin concertos with German violinist {{ill|de|Alexander Gilman}} and the [[Cape Philharmonic Orchestra]] was awarded a [[Diapason d'Or]]. He was ''[[Musical America]]''{{'}}s New Artist of the Month for October 2009,&lt;ref&gt;http://www.musicalamerica.com/news/newsstory.cfm?archived=1&amp;storyid=21374&amp;categoryid=2&lt;/ref&gt; and his mentors include [[Edo de Waart]] and [[Esa-Pekka Salonen]]. He also worked with Gustavo Dudamel, John Adams, Lorin Maazel, Raphael Frühbeck de Burgos and Herbert Blomstedt during his residency with the Los Angeles Philharmonic.<br /> <br /> Highlights in recent years include debuts with the London, Japan, Seoul and Malaysian Philharmonics, the Israel, Vancouver, Milwaukee, Tenerife, and Singapore Symphony Orchestras, the State Symphony Orchestra of Russia, the Zurich Chamber Orchestra and Het Residentie Orkest in The Hague; he has taken the [[New Zealand Symphony]], the [[National Taiwan Symphony Orchestra]] and the Zagreb Philharmonic on tour, the last in an historic series of concerts in capitals of the ex-Yugoslav countries. In 2012 he conducted the [[Royal Danish Theatre]]'s New Year's Concert, and returns to Copenhagen for annual concerts at the [[Tivoli Festival]]; he led the Hong Kong Philharmonic with [[Lang Lang]] in an internationally televised celebration of the 15th Anniversary of Hong Kong's return to China, and has made multiple appearances at the [[Hollywood Bowl]] with the Los Angeles Philharmonic. In 2016, he recorded [[Sergei Prokofiev]]'s earliest ballet, [[Chout]], and [[Germaine Tailleferre]]'s Marchand d'Oiseaux with the [[BBC National Orchestra of Wales]]&lt;ref&gt;http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/artists/0475d8dd-57af-44a5-beca-c7c553d2f300.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:So, Perry}}<br /> [[Category:1982 births]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:Classical musicians]]<br /> [[Category:Conductors]]<br /> [[Category:Hong Kong people]]<br /> [[Category:Hong Kong male musicians]]<br /> [[Category:Hong Kong conductors (music)]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perry_So&diff=714556584 Perry So 2016-04-10T13:46:29Z <p>Perryso: Added content and links.</p> <hr /> <div>'''Perry Pak Hin So''' (蘇柏軒) is an orchestal conductor. Between 2008 and 2012 he was the Assistant, subsequently Associate Conductor of the [[Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.hkphil.org/eng/concerts_and_ticket/artists/artistsdetail.jsp?id=1240&lt;/ref&gt; In 2009/10 he was a conducting fellow of the [[Los Angeles Philharmonic]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.laphil.com/philpedia/perry-so&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Born in Hong Kong in 1982, So graduated from [[Yale University]] with a degree in Comparative Literature, where he began his conducting studies, leading the Saybrook Orchestra and the Opera Theatre of Yale College. He subsequently studied with [[Gustav Meier]] at the [[Peabody Institute]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.harrisonparrott.com/artist/profile/perry-so&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In April 2008 So received the first and special prizes at the Fifth International Prokofiev Conducting Competition in Saint Petersburg, [[Russia]].&lt;ref&gt;http://english.prokofiev-competition.com/history&lt;/ref&gt; His 2012 recording of American violin concertos with German violinist {{ill|de|Alexander Gilman}} and the [[Cape Philharmonic Orchestra]] was awarded a [[Diapason d'Or]]. He was ''[[Musical America]]''{{'}}s New Artist of the Month for October 2009,&lt;ref&gt;http://www.musicalamerica.com/news/newsstory.cfm?archived=1&amp;storyid=21374&amp;categoryid=2&lt;/ref&gt; and his mentors include [[Edo de Waart]] and [[Esa-Pekka Salonen]]. He also worked with Gustavo Dudamel, John Adams, Lorin Maazel, Raphael Frühbeck de Burgos and Herbert Blomstedt during his residency with the Los Angeles Philharmonic.<br /> <br /> Highlights in recent years include debuts with the London, Japan, Seoul and Malaysian Philharmonics, the Israel, Vancouver, Milwaukee, Tenerife, and Singapore Symphony Orchestras, the State Symphony Orchestra of Russia, the Zurich Chamber Orchestra and Het Residentie Orkest in The Hague; he has taken the New Zealand Symphony, the National Taiwan Symphony Orchestra and the Zagreb Philharmonic on tour, the last in an historic series of concerts in capitals of the ex-Yugoslav countries. In 2012 he conducted the Royal Danish Theatre's New Year's Concert, and returns to Copenhagen for annual concerts at the Tivoli Festival; he led the Hong Kong Philharmonic with Lang Lang in an internationally televised celebration of the 15th Anniversary of Hong Kong's return to China, and has made multiple appearances at the Hollywood Bowl with the Los Angeles Philharmonic. In 2016, he recorded [[Sergei Prokofiev]]'s earliest ballet, Chout, and [[Germaine Tailleferre]]'s Marchand d'Oiseaux with the [[BBC National Orchestra of Wales]]&lt;ref&gt;http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/artists/0475d8dd-57af-44a5-beca-c7c553d2f300.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:So, Perry}}<br /> [[Category:1982 births]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:Hong Kong people]]<br /> [[Category:Hong Kong male musicians]]<br /> [[Category:Hong Kong conductors (music)]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perry_So&diff=665837851 Perry So 2015-06-07T03:16:44Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>Perry Pak Hin So (蘇柏軒) is an orchestal conductor. Between 2008 and 2012 he was the Assistant, subsequently Associate Conductor of the Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.hkphil.org/eng/concerts_and_ticket/artists/artistsdetail.jsp?id=1240&lt;/ref&gt; In 2009-2010 he was a conducting fellow of the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.laphil.com/philpedia/perry-so&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In April 2008 Perry So received the first and special prizes at the Fifth International Prokofiev Conducting Competition in St. Petersburg, Russia.&lt;ref&gt;http://english.prokofiev-competition.com/history&lt;/ref&gt; His 2012 recording of American violin concertos with [[Germany|German]] violinist Alexander Gilman and the Cape Philharmonic was awarded a Diapason d'Or. He was Musical America's New Artist of the Month for October 2009.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.musicalamerica.com/news/newsstory.cfm?archived=1&amp;storyid=21374&amp;categoryid=2&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Born in Hong Kong in 1982, Perry So graduated from [[Yale University]] with a degree in Comparative Literature. He subsequently studied with Gustav Meier at the Peabody Institute.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.harrisonparrott.com/artist/profile/perry-so&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> References<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 births]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perry_So&diff=665837828 Perry So 2015-06-07T03:16:25Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>Perry Pak Hin So (蘇柏軒) is an orchestal conductor. Between 2008 and 2012 he was the Assistant, subsequently Associate Conductor of the Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.hkphil.org/eng/concerts_and_ticket/artists/artistsdetail.jsp?id=1240&lt;/ref&gt; In 2009-2010 he was a conducting fellow of the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.laphil.com/philpedia/perry-so&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In April 2008 Perry So received the first and special prizes at the Fifth International Prokofiev Conducting Competition in St. Petersburg, Russia.&lt;ref&gt;http://english.prokofiev-competition.com/history&lt;/ref&gt; His 2012 recording of American violin concertos with [[Germany|German]] violinist Alexander Gilman and the Cape Philharmonic was awarded a Diapason d'Or. He was Musical America's New Artist of the Month for October 2009.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.musicalamerica.com/news/newsstory.cfm?archived=1&amp;storyid=21374&amp;categoryid=2&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Born in Hong Kong in 1982, Perry So graduated from [[Yale University]] with a degree in Comparative Literature. He subsequently studied with Gustav Meier at the Peabody Institute.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.harrisonparrott.com/artist/profile/perry-so&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 births]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perry_So&diff=665837761 Perry So 2015-06-07T03:15:37Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>Perry Pak Hin So (蘇柏軒) is an orchestal conductor. Between 2008 and 2012 he was the Assistant, subsequently Associate Conductor of the Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.hkphil.org/eng/concerts_and_ticket/artists/artistsdetail.jsp?id=1240&lt;/ref&gt; In 2009-2010 he was a conducting fellow of the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.laphil.com/philpedia/perry-so&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In April 2008 Perry So received the first and special prizes at the Fifth International Prokofiev Conducting Competition in St. Petersburg, Russia.&lt;ref&gt;http://english.prokofiev-competition.com/history&lt;/ref&gt; His 2012 recording of American violin concertos with [[Germany|German]] violinist Alexander Gilman and the Cape Philharmonic was awarded a Diapason d'Or. He was Musical America's New Artist of the Month for October 2009.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.musicalamerica.com/news/newsstory.cfm?archived=1&amp;storyid=21374&amp;categoryid=2&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Born in Hong Kong in 1982, Perry So graduated from [[Yale University]] with a degree in Comparative Literature. He subsequently studied with Gustav Meier at the Peabody Institute.<br /> <br /> References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 births]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perry_So&diff=665837708 Perry So 2015-06-07T03:14:59Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>Perry Pak Hin So (蘇柏軒) is an orchestal conductor. Between 2008 and 2012 he was the Assistant, subsequently Associate Conductor of the Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.hkphil.org/eng/concerts_and_ticket/artists/artistsdetail.jsp?id=1240&lt;/ref&gt; In 2009-2010 he was a conducting fellow of the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.laphil.com/philpedia/perry-so&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In April 2008 Perry So received the first and special prizes at the Fifth International Prokofiev Conducting Competition in St. Petersburg, Russia.&lt;ref&gt;http://english.prokofiev-competition.com/history&lt;/ref&gt; His 2012 recording of American violin concertos with [[Germany|German]] violinist Alexander Gilman and the Cape Philharmonic was awarded a Diapason d'Or. He was Musical America's New Artist of the Month for October 2009. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.musicalamerica.com/news/newsstory.cfm?archived=1&amp;storyid=21374&amp;categoryid=2&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Born in Hong Kong in 1982, Perry So graduated from [[Yale University]] with a degree in Comparative Literature. He subsequently studied with Gustav Meier at the Peabody Institute.<br /> <br /> References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 births]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perry_So&diff=665837671 Perry So 2015-06-07T03:14:17Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>{{orphan|date=June 2015}}<br /> {{Prod blp/dated|concern=|month=June|day=3|year=2015|time=14:54|timestamp=20150603145427|user=}} &lt;!-- Do not use the &quot;prod blp/dated&quot; template directly; the above line is generated by &quot;subst:prod blp|reason&quot; --&gt;<br /> <br /> Perry Pak Hin So (蘇柏軒) is an orchestal conductor. Between 2008 and 2012 he was the Assistant, subsequently Associate Conductor of the Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.hkphil.org/eng/concerts_and_ticket/artists/artistsdetail.jsp?id=1240&lt;/ref&gt; In 2009-2010 he was a conducting fellow of the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.laphil.com/philpedia/perry-so&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In April 2008 Perry So received the first and special prizes at the Fifth International Prokofiev Conducting Competition in St. Petersburg, Russia.&lt;ref&gt;http://english.prokofiev-competition.com/history&lt;/ref&gt; His 2012 recording of American violin concertos with [[Germany|German]] violinist Alexander Gilman and the Cape Philharmonic was awarded a Diapason d'Or. He was Musical America's New Artist of the Month for October 2009. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.musicalamerica.com/news/newsstory.cfm?archived=1&amp;storyid=21374&amp;categoryid=2&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Born in Hong Kong in 1982, Perry So graduated from [[Yale University]] with a degree in Comparative Literature. He subsequently studied with Gustav Meier at the Peabody Institute.<br /> <br /> References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 births]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_Philharmonic_Orchestra&diff=665837331 Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra 2015-06-07T03:09:47Z <p>Perryso: /* Conductors */</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox orchestra<br /> | name = Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra (HKPO)<br /> | image = HKPhil Logo.jpg<br /> | image_size =<br /> | founded = 1895<br /> | former_name = Sino-British Orchestra<br /> | concert_hall =<br /> | principal_conductor = [[Jaap van Zweden]]<br /> | website = {{URL|hkphil.org}}<br /> }}{{Chinese<br /> | c= 香港管弦樂團<br /> | y= hēung góng gún yìhn ngohk tyùhn<br /> | j= hoeng&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; gong&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; gun&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; jin&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; ngok&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; tyun&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;<br /> | p= Xiānggǎng Guǎnxián Yuètuán<br /> }}<br /> The '''Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra'''; commonly abbreviated HKPO or HKPhil (港樂), is the largest [[symphony orchestra]] in [[Hong Kong]]. First established in 1895 as an amateur orchestra, under the name Sino-British Orchestra (中英管弦樂團),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Chou |first=Oliver |title=And the bands played on |work= Post Magazine|publisher=[[South China Morning Post]] |date=2011-06-26 |url=http://www.scmp.com/portal/site/SCMP/menuitem.1d923702d0f3d4b2b5326b10cba0a0a0/?vgnextoid=8b9f5e90fc6b0310VgnVCM100000360a0a0aRCRD&amp;vgnextfmt=mag&amp;issue=20110626&amp;ss=Post+Magazine&amp;s=Magazines#Top |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/65OxXGgUW |archivedate=2012-02-12 |deadurl= }}&lt;/ref&gt; it was renamed the Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra in 1957, and became a professional orchestra in 1974 under the funding of the Government.<br /> <br /> ==Background==<br /> The orchestra has promoted Hong Kong-based composers by commissioning and premiering numerous works of [[20th-century classical music|contemporary music]], including the recent five-work cycle of Voices of Hong Kong, by John Chen, [[David Gwilt]], Daniel Law, Law Ping-leung and [[Richard Tsang]].<br /> <br /> In February 1986, the HKPO made its debut tour of several cities in the People's Republic of China, with conductor [[Kenneth Schermerhorn]] and soloists [[Stephanie Chase]] (violin) and Li Jian (piano). In the autumn of 1995, the HKPO travelled to 9 cities in the United States and Canada in its North American début under conductor [[David Atherton]]. In 2003, the orchestra made its European début with performances in London's [[Barbican Centre|Barbican Hall]], Belfast, Dublin and Paris ([[Théâtre des Champs-Élysées]]).<br /> <br /> Past Music Directors include [[David Atherton]], who was the longest serving Music Director of the orchestra from 1989 to 2000 and the Conductor Laureate until 2009. [[Edo de Waart]] was the orchestra's Artistic Director and Chief Conductor from 2004 to 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release | url=http://www.hkpo.com/eng/press_room/press_releases/2010/20100310.jsp | title=Edo de Waart steps down as Artistic Director and Chief Conductor of the Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra after 2011/12 Season | publisher=Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra | date=10 March 2010 | accessdate=2010-09-18}}&lt;/ref&gt; In January 2012, the HKPO announced the appointment of [[Jaap van Zweden]] as its next Music Director, as of the 2012/2013 season, with contract renewed in 2014 to 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release | url=http://www.hkpo.com/eng/press/press_releases/2012/20120116.jsp | title=HKPO Welcomes New Music Director – Maestro Jaap van Zweden Takes the Helm from Season 2012/13 | publisher=Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra | date=16 January 2012 | accessdate=2012-01-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The orchestra gives more than 140 performances annually to an audience of over 180,000. International musicians that collaborated with the orchestra in recent years include pianists [[Yuja Wang]], [[Lang Lang (pianist)|Lang Lang]], [[Yundi Li]], [[Stephen Hough]], [[Garrick Ohlsson]], [[Ingrid Fliter]], [[Haocheng Zhang]], [[Jean-Efflam Bavouzet]] violinists [[Midori Gotō]], [[Anne-Sophie Mutter]], [[Vadim Repin]], [[Ning Feng]], [[Tinwa Yang]], cellists [[Jian Wang (cellist)|Jian Wang]], [[Yo-Yo Ma]], vocalists [[Hui He]], [[Sumi Jo]], [[Anna Caterina Antonacci]], [[Deborah Voigt]], [[Susan Graham]], [[Simon O'Neill]], [[Inger Dam-Jensen]], [[Shenyang]], [[Matthias Goerne]] and guest conductors [[Antoni Wit]], [[Andreas Delfs]], [[Christophe Rousset]], [[Nicholas McGegan]], [[David Zinman]], [[Vladimir Ashkenazy]], [[Lorin Maazel]], [[Zhang Xuan]], [[Yu Long]], [[Benjamin Northey]] etc. In addition to classical performances, it occasionally appears backing local pop stars such as [[Hacken Lee]], [[Jacky Cheung]], [[Frances Yip]], [[Teresa Carpio]], [[Leehom Wang]] and [[Hins Cheung]].<br /> <br /> The orchestra has finished a five-country tour in [[Europe]] in 2015, with performances in [[London]], [[Zürich]], [[Eindhoven]], [[Birmingham]], [[Berlin]] and [[Amsterdam]] as well as a filmed performance in [[Musikverein]] [[Vienna]]. The orchestra has also started a four-year project in 2015, making it the first Hong Kong and Mainland Chinese orchestra to perform [[Richard Wagner|Wagner]]’s [[Der Ring des Nibelungen|The Ring of the Nibelung]]. The four operas will be performed, one a year, in concert and recorded live for the [[Naxos Records|Naxos]] label.<br /> <br /> ==Conductors==<br /> {|<br /> |valign=&quot;top&quot;|<br /> '''Artistic/''' '''Music Directors'''<br /> * 1974–1975 [[Kek-tjiang Lim]] (林克昌)<br /> * 1977–1978 [[Hans-Gunther Mommer]]<br /> * 1979–1981 [[Ling Tung]] (董麟)<br /> * 1984–1989 [[Kenneth Schermerhorn]]<br /> * 1989–2000 [[David Atherton]]<br /> * 2000–2003 [[Samuel Wong]] (黃大德)<br /> * 2004–2012 [[Edo de Waart]] (as '''Artistic Director and Chief Conductor''')<br /> * 2012–present [[Jaap van Zweden]]<br /> |valign=&quot;top&quot;|<br /> <br /> '''Conductor Laureate'''<br /> * 2000–2009 David Atherton<br /> <br /> '''Principal Guest Conductors'''<br /> * 1982–1985 [[Maxim Shostakovich]]<br /> * 1984–1993 [[Kenneth Jean]] (甄健豪)<br /> * 2015–2018 [[Yu Long]] (余隆)<br /> <br /> ;Resident Conductors<br /> * 1984–1986 [[John Lau]] (劉子成)<br /> * 1986–2000 [[Yip Wing-sie|Wing-sie Yip]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ;Associate Conductors<br /> * 2010-2012 [[Perry So]] (蘇柏軒)<br /> <br /> == Performance Venues ==<br /> After the reorganization from the Sino-British Orchestra into the Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra in 1957, the orchestra played the first concert in Loke Yew Hall, [[University of Hong Kong|the University of Hong Kong]]. [[Hong Kong City Hall]] Concert Hall was the performance venue of the orchestra in early years. The orchestra is the first to perform in the [[Hong Kong Cultural Centre]] after the venue's opening in 1989, participating in the International Celebration of the Arts which is a festival to open the centre. Since then, Hong Kong Philharmonic has been the most frequent orchestra to perform in the venue. The orchestra has officially become the venue partner of Hong Kong Cultural Centre in 2009.<br /> <br /> The orchestra also gives an annual outdoor performance, Symphony Under The Stars, Hong Kong's largest outdoor symphonic concert which attracts thousands of participants every year. Venues include the [[Happy Valley Racecourse]] and the New central Harbourfront.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> *[[City Chamber Orchestra of Hong Kong]]<br /> *[[Hong Kong Chinese Orchestra]]<br /> *[[Hong Kong Sinfonietta]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://www.hkpo.com Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra official website]<br /> <br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2011}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Chinese orchestras]]<br /> [[Category:Hong Kong musical groups]]<br /> [[Category:Musical groups established in 1895]]<br /> [[Category:Arts organizations established in the 1890s]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_Philharmonic_Orchestra&diff=665837288 Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra 2015-06-07T03:09:15Z <p>Perryso: /* Conductors */</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox orchestra<br /> | name = Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra (HKPO)<br /> | image = HKPhil Logo.jpg<br /> | image_size =<br /> | founded = 1895<br /> | former_name = Sino-British Orchestra<br /> | concert_hall =<br /> | principal_conductor = [[Jaap van Zweden]]<br /> | website = {{URL|hkphil.org}}<br /> }}{{Chinese<br /> | c= 香港管弦樂團<br /> | y= hēung góng gún yìhn ngohk tyùhn<br /> | j= hoeng&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; gong&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; gun&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; jin&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; ngok&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; tyun&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;<br /> | p= Xiānggǎng Guǎnxián Yuètuán<br /> }}<br /> The '''Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra'''; commonly abbreviated HKPO or HKPhil (港樂), is the largest [[symphony orchestra]] in [[Hong Kong]]. First established in 1895 as an amateur orchestra, under the name Sino-British Orchestra (中英管弦樂團),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Chou |first=Oliver |title=And the bands played on |work= Post Magazine|publisher=[[South China Morning Post]] |date=2011-06-26 |url=http://www.scmp.com/portal/site/SCMP/menuitem.1d923702d0f3d4b2b5326b10cba0a0a0/?vgnextoid=8b9f5e90fc6b0310VgnVCM100000360a0a0aRCRD&amp;vgnextfmt=mag&amp;issue=20110626&amp;ss=Post+Magazine&amp;s=Magazines#Top |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/65OxXGgUW |archivedate=2012-02-12 |deadurl= }}&lt;/ref&gt; it was renamed the Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra in 1957, and became a professional orchestra in 1974 under the funding of the Government.<br /> <br /> ==Background==<br /> The orchestra has promoted Hong Kong-based composers by commissioning and premiering numerous works of [[20th-century classical music|contemporary music]], including the recent five-work cycle of Voices of Hong Kong, by John Chen, [[David Gwilt]], Daniel Law, Law Ping-leung and [[Richard Tsang]].<br /> <br /> In February 1986, the HKPO made its debut tour of several cities in the People's Republic of China, with conductor [[Kenneth Schermerhorn]] and soloists [[Stephanie Chase]] (violin) and Li Jian (piano). In the autumn of 1995, the HKPO travelled to 9 cities in the United States and Canada in its North American début under conductor [[David Atherton]]. In 2003, the orchestra made its European début with performances in London's [[Barbican Centre|Barbican Hall]], Belfast, Dublin and Paris ([[Théâtre des Champs-Élysées]]).<br /> <br /> Past Music Directors include [[David Atherton]], who was the longest serving Music Director of the orchestra from 1989 to 2000 and the Conductor Laureate until 2009. [[Edo de Waart]] was the orchestra's Artistic Director and Chief Conductor from 2004 to 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release | url=http://www.hkpo.com/eng/press_room/press_releases/2010/20100310.jsp | title=Edo de Waart steps down as Artistic Director and Chief Conductor of the Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra after 2011/12 Season | publisher=Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra | date=10 March 2010 | accessdate=2010-09-18}}&lt;/ref&gt; In January 2012, the HKPO announced the appointment of [[Jaap van Zweden]] as its next Music Director, as of the 2012/2013 season, with contract renewed in 2014 to 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release | url=http://www.hkpo.com/eng/press/press_releases/2012/20120116.jsp | title=HKPO Welcomes New Music Director – Maestro Jaap van Zweden Takes the Helm from Season 2012/13 | publisher=Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra | date=16 January 2012 | accessdate=2012-01-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The orchestra gives more than 140 performances annually to an audience of over 180,000. International musicians that collaborated with the orchestra in recent years include pianists [[Yuja Wang]], [[Lang Lang (pianist)|Lang Lang]], [[Yundi Li]], [[Stephen Hough]], [[Garrick Ohlsson]], [[Ingrid Fliter]], [[Haocheng Zhang]], [[Jean-Efflam Bavouzet]] violinists [[Midori Gotō]], [[Anne-Sophie Mutter]], [[Vadim Repin]], [[Ning Feng]], [[Tinwa Yang]], cellists [[Jian Wang (cellist)|Jian Wang]], [[Yo-Yo Ma]], vocalists [[Hui He]], [[Sumi Jo]], [[Anna Caterina Antonacci]], [[Deborah Voigt]], [[Susan Graham]], [[Simon O'Neill]], [[Inger Dam-Jensen]], [[Shenyang]], [[Matthias Goerne]] and guest conductors [[Antoni Wit]], [[Andreas Delfs]], [[Christophe Rousset]], [[Nicholas McGegan]], [[David Zinman]], [[Vladimir Ashkenazy]], [[Lorin Maazel]], [[Zhang Xuan]], [[Yu Long]], [[Benjamin Northey]] etc. In addition to classical performances, it occasionally appears backing local pop stars such as [[Hacken Lee]], [[Jacky Cheung]], [[Frances Yip]], [[Teresa Carpio]], [[Leehom Wang]] and [[Hins Cheung]].<br /> <br /> The orchestra has finished a five-country tour in [[Europe]] in 2015, with performances in [[London]], [[Zürich]], [[Eindhoven]], [[Birmingham]], [[Berlin]] and [[Amsterdam]] as well as a filmed performance in [[Musikverein]] [[Vienna]]. The orchestra has also started a four-year project in 2015, making it the first Hong Kong and Mainland Chinese orchestra to perform [[Richard Wagner|Wagner]]’s [[Der Ring des Nibelungen|The Ring of the Nibelung]]. The four operas will be performed, one a year, in concert and recorded live for the [[Naxos Records|Naxos]] label.<br /> <br /> ==Conductors==<br /> {|<br /> |valign=&quot;top&quot;|<br /> '''Artistic/''' '''Music Directors'''<br /> * 1974–1975 [[Kek-tjiang Lim]] (林克昌)<br /> * 1977–1978 [[Hans-Gunther Mommer]]<br /> * 1979–1981 [[Ling Tung]] (董麟)<br /> * 1984–1989 [[Kenneth Schermerhorn]]<br /> * 1989–2000 [[David Atherton]]<br /> * 2000–2003 [[Samuel Wong]] (黃大德)<br /> * 2004–2012 [[Edo de Waart]] (as '''Artistic Director and Chief Conductor''')<br /> * 2012–present [[Jaap van Zweden]]<br /> |valign=&quot;top&quot;|<br /> <br /> '''Conductor Laureate'''<br /> * 2000–2009 David Atherton<br /> <br /> '''Principal Guest Conductors'''<br /> * 1982–1985 [[Maxim Shostakovich]]<br /> * 1984–1993 [[Kenneth Jean]] (甄健豪)<br /> * 2015–2018 [[Yu Long]] (余隆)<br /> <br /> ;Resident Conductors<br /> * 1984–1986 [[John Lau]] (劉子成)<br /> * 1986–2000 [[Yip Wing-sie|Wing-sie Yip]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> &quot;Associate Conductors&quot;<br /> * 2010-2012 [[Perry So]] (蘇柏軒)<br /> <br /> == Performance Venues ==<br /> After the reorganization from the Sino-British Orchestra into the Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra in 1957, the orchestra played the first concert in Loke Yew Hall, [[University of Hong Kong|the University of Hong Kong]]. [[Hong Kong City Hall]] Concert Hall was the performance venue of the orchestra in early years. The orchestra is the first to perform in the [[Hong Kong Cultural Centre]] after the venue's opening in 1989, participating in the International Celebration of the Arts which is a festival to open the centre. Since then, Hong Kong Philharmonic has been the most frequent orchestra to perform in the venue. The orchestra has officially become the venue partner of Hong Kong Cultural Centre in 2009.<br /> <br /> The orchestra also gives an annual outdoor performance, Symphony Under The Stars, Hong Kong's largest outdoor symphonic concert which attracts thousands of participants every year. Venues include the [[Happy Valley Racecourse]] and the New central Harbourfront.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> *[[City Chamber Orchestra of Hong Kong]]<br /> *[[Hong Kong Chinese Orchestra]]<br /> *[[Hong Kong Sinfonietta]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://www.hkpo.com Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra official website]<br /> <br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2011}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Chinese orchestras]]<br /> [[Category:Hong Kong musical groups]]<br /> [[Category:Musical groups established in 1895]]<br /> [[Category:Arts organizations established in the 1890s]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perry_So&diff=665837028 Perry So 2015-06-07T03:05:30Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>{{orphan|date=June 2015}}<br /> {{Prod blp/dated|concern=|month=June|day=3|year=2015|time=14:54|timestamp=20150603145427|user=}} &lt;!-- Do not use the &quot;prod blp/dated&quot; template directly; the above line is generated by &quot;subst:prod blp|reason&quot; --&gt;<br /> <br /> Perry Pak Hin So (蘇柏軒) is an orchestal conductor. Between 2008 and 2012 he was the Assistant, subsequently Associate Conductor of the Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.hkphil.org/eng/concerts_and_ticket/artists/artistsdetail.jsp?id=1240&lt;/ref&gt; In 2009-2010 he was a conducting fellow of the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.laphil.com/philpedia/perry-so&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In April 2008 Perry So received the first and special prizes at the Fifth International Prokofiev Conducting Competition in St. Petersburg, Russia. His 2012 recording of American violin concertos with [[Germany|German]] violinist Alexander Gilman and the Cape Philharmonic was awarded a Diapason d'Or. He was Musical America's New Artist of the Month for October 2009. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.musicalamerica.com/news/newsstory.cfm?archived=1&amp;storyid=21374&amp;categoryid=2&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Born in Hong Kong in 1982, Perry So graduated from [[Yale University]] with a degree in Comparative Literature. He subsequently studied with Gustav Meier at the Peabody Institute.<br /> <br /> References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 births]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perry_So&diff=665836773 Perry So 2015-06-07T03:01:41Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>{{orphan|date=June 2015}}<br /> {{Prod blp/dated|concern=|month=June|day=3|year=2015|time=14:54|timestamp=20150603145427|user=}} &lt;!-- Do not use the &quot;prod blp/dated&quot; template directly; the above line is generated by &quot;subst:prod blp|reason&quot; --&gt;<br /> <br /> Perry Pak Hin So (蘇柏軒) is an orchestal conductor. Between 2008 and 2012 he was the Assistant, subsequently Associate Conductor of the Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra. In 2009-2010 he was a conducting fellow of the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.laphil.com/philpedia/perry-so&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In April 2008 Perry So received the first and special prizes at the Fifth International Prokofiev Conducting Competition in St. Petersburg, Russia. His 2012 recording of American violin concertos with [[Germany|German]] violinist Alexander Gilman and the Cape Philharmonic was awarded a Diapason d'Or. He was Musical America's New Artist of the Month for October 2009. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.musicalamerica.com/news/newsstory.cfm?archived=1&amp;storyid=21374&amp;categoryid=2&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Born in Hong Kong in 1982, Perry So graduated from [[Yale University]] with a degree in Comparative Literature. He subsequently studied with Gustav Meier at the Peabody Institute.<br /> <br /> References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 births]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perry_So&diff=665836677 Perry So 2015-06-07T03:00:24Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>{{orphan|date=June 2015}}<br /> {{Prod blp/dated|concern=|month=June|day=3|year=2015|time=14:54|timestamp=20150603145427|user=}} &lt;!-- Do not use the &quot;prod blp/dated&quot; template directly; the above line is generated by &quot;subst:prod blp|reason&quot; --&gt;<br /> <br /> Perry Pak Hin So (蘇柏軒) is an orchestal conductor. Between 2008 and 2012 he was the Assistant, subsequently Associate Conductor of the Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra. In 2009-2010 he was a conducting fellow of the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.laphil.com/philpedia/perry-so&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In April 2008 Perry So received the first and special prizes at the Fifth International Prokofiev Conducting Competition in St. Petersburg, Russia. His 2012 recording of American violin concertos with [[Germany|German]] violinist Alexander Gilman and the Cape Philharmonic was awarded a Diapason d'Or. He was Musical America's New Artist of the Month for October 2009.<br /> <br /> Born in Hong Kong in 1982, Perry So graduated from [[Yale University]] with a degree in Comparative Literature. He subsequently studied with Gustav Meier at the Peabody Institute.<br /> <br /> References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 births]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Comparative_officer_ranks_of_World_War_II&diff=160255571 Comparative officer ranks of World War II 2007-09-25T14:32:27Z <p>Perryso: Undid revision 160254404 by Perryso (talk)</p> <hr /> <div>The following table shows comparative officer ranks of major [[Allies#World War II|Allied]] and [[Axis powers|Axis]] powers during [[World War II]]. For modern ranks refer to [[Comparative military ranks]]. <br /> <br /> '''KEY:'''<br /> :'''&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Navy&lt;/font&gt;'''<br /> :'''&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Army&lt;/font&gt;'''<br /> :'''&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Air Force&lt;/font&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;Air Force ranks equal to generic Army ranks are not shown.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> :'''Waffen-SS/Allgemeine SS'''<br /> :'''&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Generic army ranks not specific to any service&lt;/font&gt;'''<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! rowspan=2 | Appr.&lt;br&gt;[[NATO]]&lt;br&gt;code<br /> ! [[Image:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|999x35px|border|Union Flag]]<br /> ! [[Image:US flag 48 stars.svg|999x35px|border|Star-spangled Banner]]<br /> ! [[Image:Flag of the Soviet Union 1923.svg|999x35px|border|Flag of the USSR]]<br /> ! [[Image:Flag of Poland.svg|999x35px|border|Flag of Poland]]<br /> ! [[Image:Flag of Greece (1828-1978).svg|999x35px|border|Flag of Greece]]<br /> ! [[Image:Flag of Germany 1933.svg|999x35px|border|Swastika flag of the Third Reich]]<br /> ! [[Image:Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg|999x35px|border|Flag of the Kingdom of Italy]]<br /> ! [[Image:Flag of Finland.svg|999x35px|border|Flag of Finland]]<br /> ! [[Image:Flag of Japan.svg|999x35px|border|Flag of the Empire of Japan]]<br /> ! [[Image:Flag of Free France 1940-1944.svg|999x35px|border|Free French Flag]]<br /> ! [[Image:Flag of the Republic of China.svg|999x35px|border|Flag of the Republic of China]]<br /> |-<br /> ! [[Commonwealth of Nations|British Commonwealth]]&lt;ref&gt;The name &quot;British Commonwealth&quot; came into official use in 1926, in place of &quot;British Empire&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> ! [[United States]]<br /> ! [[Soviet Union]]&lt;ref&gt;Included ranks on WWII period only.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> ! [[Poland]]&lt;ref&gt;In Polish military tradition the [[Polish Air Forces]] form a separate branch of the [[Polish Army]], though the military ranks were exactly the same as in the case of land forces. Sometimes the word ''pilot'' was added to distinguish Air officers from the officers of the land forces (cf. ''podporucznik pilot'' as opposed to ''podporucznik''). Historically due to absence of full general rank (which was introduced later), Polish General ranks were shifted one position up compared to similar-sounding ranks in other countries.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> ! [[Greece]]&lt;ref&gt;There is no standard method of transliterating [[Greek language|Greek]]. In this article, traditional Erasmic transliterations are used and do not represent the rank's name's actual pronunciation. See [[Greek alphabet]].&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> ! [[Nazi Germany|German Reich]]<br /> ! [[Kingdom of Italy (1861-1946)|Italy]]<br /> ! [[Finland]]<br /> ! [[Empire of Japan]]<br /> ! [[Free French]]<br /> ! [[Republic of China]]<br /> |-<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Генерали́ссимус Сове́тского Сою́за (Generalissimus of the Soviet Union)&lt;ref&gt;From June 27, 1945. Stalin appointed this rank by Supreme Council after victory over Germany.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> |rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Dai-Gensui&lt;ref&gt;Highest possible military rank of Japan, held solely by the [[Emperor of Japan]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> |-<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> | valign=top | &lt;font color=#000077&gt;Admiral of the Navy&lt;ref&gt;[[Admiral of the Navy]] and [[General of the Armies]] while not in active service had retroactively become the &quot;six star&quot; ranks within the forces of the U.S.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;General of the Armies&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top | &lt;font color=#770000&gt;Ма́ршал Сове́тского Сою́за (Marshal of the Soviet Union)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top | &lt;font color=#770000&gt; Marszałek Polski &lt;ref&gt;See the article on [[Marszałek Polski]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | -<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Reichsmarschall des Großdeutschen Reiches&lt;/font&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Essentially a &quot;vanity rank&quot; created by [[Hitler]] on [[June 29]], [[1941]], for [[Hermann Göring]].&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Primo Maresciallo dell'Impero&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Suomen marsalkka&lt;/font&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Marshal of Finland]], an honorary title given to [[Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim]] on his 75th birthday in 1942.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | -<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Maréchal de France&lt;ref&gt;Not a rank, but a dignity of the State.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Amiral de France&lt;ref&gt;Not a rank, but a dignity of the State. No Amiral de France was alive during the war.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | -<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |OF-10<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Admiral of the Fleet&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Field Marshal&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;[[Marshal of the Air Force]]&lt;/font&gt;&lt;ref&gt;For example, [[George VI of the United Kingdom|King George VI]] was &quot;Marshal of the [[Royal Australian Air Force]]&quot; during 1939-45.&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Fleet Admiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;General of the Army&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Главный маршал (Chief Marshal)&lt;ref&gt;Marshals and [[Chief marshal]]s of a specific arm of service (Artillery, Armored Forces, Engineering Service, Air Force etc), were introduced in 1943; though they both are equal to General of the Army, they maintained precedence over each other.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2| -<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Αρχιναύαρχος (Archinaúarchos)&lt;ref name=Greece1&gt;Rank held only by King [[George II of Greece|George II]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Στρατάρχης (Stratárches)&lt;ref name=Greece1/&gt;&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top | &lt;font color=#000077&gt;Großadmiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generalfeldmarschall&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Reichsführer-SS&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Grand'Ammiraglio&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Maresciallo d'Italia&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;[[Sotamarsalkka]]&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top | &lt;font color=#770000&gt;Gensui&lt;ref&gt;Gensui, although usually translated as Field Marshal/Grand Admiral, was actually an honorary title conferred by the Emperor and not a rank as such.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top | &lt;font color=#000077&gt;Amiral de la flotte&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;T'e-chi Shang-chiang (Field Marshal) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Адмирал флота (Admiral of the Fleet)&lt;ref&gt;Introduced in 1940 as an equivalent to General of the Army, but from May 1945 became equal to Marshal of the Soviet Union, with no intermediate rank in between. [http://marshals.narod.ru/admirals.html]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Генерал армии <br /> (General of the Army)&lt;br&gt;Маршал (Marshal)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;I-chi Shang-chiang (General 1st Class) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | valign=top |OF-9<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Admiral&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;General&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Air Chief Marshal&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Admiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;General&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Адмира́л (Admiral)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Генера́л-полко́вник (General-Colonel)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Admirał&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generał broni&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Ναύαρχος (Náuarchos)&lt;ref name=Greece2&gt;No officer was appointed to this rank during the war&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Στρατηγός (Strategós)&lt;ref name=Greece2/&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Πτέραρχος (Ptérarchos)&lt;ref name=Greece2/&gt;&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Generaladmiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generaloberst&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Oberstgruppenführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Ammiraglio di Armata&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generale d'Armata&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Amiraali&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Kenraali&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Taishō &lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Général d'armée&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Amiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Général d'armée aérienne&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Ehr-chi Shang-chiang (General 2nd Class) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |OF-8<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Vice-Admiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Lieutenant-General&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Air Marshal&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Vice Admiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Lieutenant General&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Ви́це-адмира́л (Vice-Admiral)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Генера́л-лейтена́нт (General-Lieutenant)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Wiceadmirał&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generał dywizji&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Αντιναύαρχος (Antináuarchos)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Αντιστράτηγος (Antistrátegos)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Αντιπτέραρχος (Antiptérarchos)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Admiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;General &lt;ref&gt;Full Generals in the army generally held the rank of their service branch, such as &quot;General der Infanterie&quot; or &quot;General der Artillerie&quot;. Likewise, full Generals in the Air Force were called &quot;General der Flieger&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Obergruppenführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Ammiraglio di Squadra&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generale di Corpo d'Armata&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Vara-amiraali&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Kenraaliluutnantti&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Chūjū &lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Général de corps d'armée&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Vice-amiral d'escadre&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Général de corps d'armée aérienne&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Chung-chiang (Lieut.-General) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Vice-amiral&lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | valign=top |OF-7<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Rear-Admiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Major-General&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Air Vice-Marshal&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Rear Admiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Major General&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Ко́нтр-адмира́л (Counter-Admiral)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Генера́л-майо́р (General-Major)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Kontradmirał&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generał brygady&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Υποναύαρχος (Hyponáuarchos)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Υποστράτηγος (Hypostrátegos)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Υποπτέραρχος (Hypoptérarchos)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Vizeadmiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generalleutnant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Gruppenführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Contrammiraglio&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generale di Divisione&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Kontra-amiraali&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Kenraalimajuri&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Shōshō&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Général de division&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Contre-amiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Général de division aérienne&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Shao-chiang (Major-General) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |OF-6<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Commodore&lt;/font&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Actually a Captain acting in an admiral's capacity.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Brigadier&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Air Commodore&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Commodore&lt;ref&gt;Rank reintroduced in 1943.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Brigadier General&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 | -<br /> | rowspan=2 | -<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Ταξίαρχος Αεροπορίας (Taxíarchos Aeroporías)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Konteradmiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generalmajor&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Brigadeführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generale di Brigata&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 | -<br /> | rowspan=2 | -<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Général de brigade&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;capitaine de vaisseau chef de division&lt;ref&gt;Actually a Captain acting in an admiral's capacity.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Général de brigade aérienne&lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Kommodore&lt;ref&gt;Actually a Kapitän zur See (Captain) acting in an admiral's capacity. This was a rarely used rank. Best-known holder was [[Karl Dönitz]], who from 28 January 1939 until 1 October 1939 was &quot;Kapitän zur See und Kommodore&quot; and Leader of U-Boats.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Oberführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | valign=top |OF-5<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Captain&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Colonel&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Group Captain&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Captain&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Colonel&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Капита́н 1-го ра́нга (Captain 1st rank)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Полко́вник (Polkovnik)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Komandor&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Pułkownik&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Πλοίαρχος (Ploíarchos)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Συνταγματάρχης (Syntagmatárches)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Σμήναρχος (Sménarchos)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Kapitän zur See&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Oberst&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Standartenführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Capitano di Vascello&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Colonnello&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Kommodori&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Eversti&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Taisa&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Colonel&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;capitaine de vaisseau&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Colonel&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Shang-hsaio (Colonel) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | valign=top |OF-4<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Commander&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Lieutenant-Colonel&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Wing Commander&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Commander&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Lieutenant Colonel&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Капита́н 2-го ра́нга (Captain 2nd rank)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Подполко́вник (Podpolkovnik)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Komandor porucznik&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Podpułkownik&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Αντιπλοίαρχος (Antiploíarchos)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Αντισυνταγματάρχης (Antisyntagmatárches)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Αντισμήναρχος (Antisménarchos)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Fregattenkapitän&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Oberstleutnant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Obersturmbannführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Capitano di Fregata&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Tenente Colonnello&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Komentaja&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Everstiluutnantti&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Chūsa &lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Lieutenant-colonel&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;capitaine de frégate&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Lieutenant-colonel&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Chung-hsaio (Lieutenant-Colonel) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | valign=top |OF-3<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Lieutenant-Commander&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Major&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Squadron Leader&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Lieutenant Commander&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Major&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Капита́н 3-го ра́нга (Captain 3rd rank)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Майо́р (Major)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Komandor podporucznik&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Major&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Πλωτάρχης (Plotárches)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Ταγματάρχης (Tagmatárches)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Επισμηναγός (Epismenagós)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Korvettenkapitän&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Major&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Sturmbannführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Capitano di Corvetta&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Maggiore&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Komentajakapteeni&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Majuri&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Shōsa&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Commandant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;capitaine de corvette&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Commandant&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Shao-hsaio (Major) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |OF-2<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Captain&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Flight Lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Captain&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Капита́н-лейтена́нт (Captain-Lieutenant) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Капита́н (Captain)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Kapitan marynarki&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Kapitan&lt;/font&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Traditionally captains of [[Polish cavalry]] held the rank of [[rotmistrz]], a direct equivalent of the rank of ''kapitan'' in other branches of the military.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Υποπλοίαρχος (Hypoploíarchos)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Λοχαγός (Lochagós)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Σμηναγός (Smenagós)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Kapitänleutnant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Hauptmann &lt;ref&gt;Captains in the cavalry and mounted transport corps were called [[Rittmeister]].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Hauptsturmführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Primo Capitano&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Kapteeniluutnantti&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Kapteeni&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Taii&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Capitaine&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Lieutenant de vaisseau&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Capitaine&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Shang-wei (Captain) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Tenente di Vascello&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Capitano&lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=3 valign=top | OF-1<br /> | valign=top | &lt;font color=#000077&gt;Sub-Lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Flying Officer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top | &lt;font color=#000077&gt;Lieutenant Junior Grade&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;First Lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Ста́рший лейтена́нт (Senior Lieutenant)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Ста́рший лейтена́нт (Senior Lieutenant)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Porucznik marynarki&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Porucznik &lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Ανθυποπλοίαρχος (Anthypoploíarchos)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Υπολοχαγός (Hypolochagós)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Υποσμηναγός (Hyposmenagós)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top | &lt;font color=#000077&gt;Oberleutnant zur See&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Oberleutnant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Obersturmführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Sottotenente di Vascello&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Primo Tenente&lt;/font&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Primo&quot; ranks were a way for identifying long term or career officers. Primo Capitano and Primo Tenente were officers with 12 years seniority in the rank or a total of 20 years of commissioned service.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Luutnantti&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top | &lt;font color=#770000&gt;Chūi&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Enseigne de vaisseau de 1&lt;sup&gt;&lt;small&gt;re&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; classe&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Chung-wei (Lieutenant) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Commissioned Warrant Officer&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Second Lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Pilot Officer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Ensign&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Second Lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Лейтена́нт (Lieutenant)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Лейтена́нт (Lieutenant)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Podporucznik marynarki&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Podporucznik&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Σημαιοφόρος (Semaiophóros)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Ανθυπολοχαγός (Anthypolochagós)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Ανθυποσμηναγός (Anthyposmenagós)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Leutnant zur See&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Leutnant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Untersturmführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Guardiamarina&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Tenente&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Aliluutnantti&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Vänrikki&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Shōi&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Sous-lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Enseigne de vaisseau de 2&lt;sup&gt;&lt;small&gt;nde&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; classe&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Sous-lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Shao-wei (2nd Lieutenant) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |- <br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Мла́дший лейтена́нт (Junior Lieutenant)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Мла́дший лейтена́нт (Junior Lieutenant)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Chorąży marynarki&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Chorąży&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Sottotenente&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Aspirant&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Chun-wei (Warrant Officer) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;&lt;references /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;!-- Dead note &quot;Waffef_SS&quot;: Generals in the Waffen-SS also held the army equivalent rank (e.g. SS-Brigadeführer und Generalmajor der Waffen-SS). --&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> *[[Comparative military ranks of World War I]]<br /> *[[Comparative military ranks]]<br /> *[[United States Army enlisted rank insignia of World War II]]<br /> *[[Ranks and insignia of the Schutzstaffel]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Military ranks by country|*]]<br /> <br /> [[de:Militärische Ränge im Zweiten Weltkrieg]]<br /> [[ru:Звания Второй мировой войны]]<br /> [[zh:二戰各國軍銜]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Comparative_officer_ranks_of_World_War_II&diff=160254404 Comparative officer ranks of World War II 2007-09-25T14:26:31Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>The following table shows comparative officer ranks of major [[Allies#World War II|Allied]] and [[Axis powers|Axis]] powers during [[World War II]]. For modern ranks refer to [[Comparative military ranks]]. <br /> <br /> '''KEY:'''<br /> :'''&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Navy&lt;/font&gt;'''<br /> :'''&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Army&lt;/font&gt;'''<br /> :'''&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Air Force&lt;/font&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;Air Force ranks equal to generic Army ranks are not shown.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> :'''Waffen-SS/Allgemeine SS'''<br /> :'''&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Generic army ranks not specific to any service&lt;/font&gt;'''<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! rowspan=2 | Appr.&lt;br&gt;[[NATO]]&lt;br&gt;code<br /> ! [[Image:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|999x35px|border|Union Flag]]<br /> ! [[Image:US flag 48 stars.svg|999x35px|border|Star-spangled Banner]]<br /> ! [[Image:Flag of the Soviet Union 1923.svg|999x35px|border|Flag of the USSR]]<br /> ! [[Image:Flag of Poland.svg|999x35px|border|Flag of Poland]]<br /> ! [[Image:Flag of Greece (1828-1978).svg|999x35px|border|Flag of Greece]]<br /> ! [[Image:Flag of Germany 1933.svg|999x35px|border|Swastika flag of the Third Reich]]<br /> ! [[Image:Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg|999x35px|border|Flag of the Kingdom of Italy]]<br /> ! [[Image:Flag of Finland.svg|999x35px|border|Flag of Finland]]<br /> ! [[Image:Flag of Japan.svg|999x35px|border|Flag of the Empire of Japan]]<br /> ! [[Image:Flag of Free France 1940-1944.svg|999x35px|border|Free French Flag]]<br /> ! [[Image:Flag of the Republic of China.svg|999x35px|border|Flag of the Republic of China]]<br /> |-<br /> ! [[Commonwealth of Nations|British Commonwealth]]&lt;ref&gt;The name &quot;British Commonwealth&quot; came into official use in 1926, in place of &quot;British Empire&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> ! [[United States]]<br /> ! [[Soviet Union]]&lt;ref&gt;Included ranks on WWII period only.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> ! [[Poland]]&lt;ref&gt;In Polish military tradition the [[Polish Air Forces]] form a separate branch of the [[Polish Army]], though the military ranks were exactly the same as in the case of land forces. Sometimes the word ''pilot'' was added to distinguish Air officers from the officers of the land forces (cf. ''podporucznik pilot'' as opposed to ''podporucznik''). Historically due to absence of full general rank (which was introduced later), Polish General ranks were shifted one position up compared to similar-sounding ranks in other countries.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> ! [[Greece]]&lt;ref&gt;There is no standard method of transliterating [[Greek language|Greek]]. In this article, traditional Erasmic transliterations are used and do not represent the rank's name's actual pronunciation. See [[Greek alphabet]].&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> ! [[Nazi Germany|German Reich]]<br /> ! [[Kingdom of Italy (1861-1946)|Italy]]<br /> ! [[Finland]]<br /> ! [[Empire of Japan]]<br /> ! [[Free French]]<br /> ! [[Republic of China]]<br /> |-<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Генерали́ссимус Сове́тского Сою́за (Generalissimus of the Soviet Union)&lt;ref&gt;From June 27, 1945. Stalin appointed this rank by Supreme Council after victory over Germany.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> |rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Dai-Gensui&lt;ref&gt;Highest possible military rank of Japan, held solely by the [[Emperor of Japan]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> |-<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> | valign=top | &lt;font color=#000077&gt;Admiral of the Navy&lt;ref&gt;[[Admiral of the Navy]] and [[General of the Armies]] while not in active service had retroactively become the &quot;six star&quot; ranks within the forces of the U.S.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;General of the Armies&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top | &lt;font color=#770000&gt;Ма́ршал Сове́тского Сою́за (Marshal of the Soviet Union)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top | &lt;font color=#770000&gt; Marszałek Polski &lt;ref&gt;See the article on [[Marszałek Polski]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | -<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Reichsmarschall des Großdeutschen Reiches&lt;/font&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Essentially a &quot;vanity rank&quot; created by [[Hitler]] on [[June 29]], [[1941]], for [[Hermann Göring]].&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Primo Maresciallo dell'Impero&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Suomen marsalkka&lt;/font&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Marshal of Finland]], an honorary title given to [[Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim]] on his 75th birthday in 1942.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | -<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Maréchal de France&lt;ref&gt;Not a rank, but a dignity of the State.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Amiral de France&lt;ref&gt;Not a rank, but a dignity of the State. No Amiral de France was alive during the war.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | -<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |OF-10<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Admiral of the Fleet&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Field Marshal&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;[[Marshal of the Air Force]]&lt;/font&gt;&lt;ref&gt;For example, [[George VI of the United Kingdom|King George VI]] was &quot;Marshal of the [[Royal Australian Air Force]]&quot; during 1939-45.&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Fleet Admiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;General of the Army&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Главный маршал (Chief Marshal)&lt;ref&gt;Marshals and [[Chief marshal]]s of a specific arm of service (Artillery, Armored Forces, Engineering Service, Air Force etc), were introduced in 1943; though they both are equal to General of the Army, they maintained precedence over each other.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2| -<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Αρχιναύαρχος (Archinaúarchos)&lt;ref name=Greece1&gt;Rank held only by King [[George II of Greece|George II]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Στρατάρχης (Stratárches)&lt;ref name=Greece1/&gt;&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top | &lt;font color=#000077&gt;Großadmiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generalfeldmarschall&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Reichsführer-SS&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Grand'Ammiraglio&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Maresciallo d'Italia&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;[[Sotamarsalkka]]&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top | &lt;font color=#770000&gt;Gensui&lt;ref&gt;Gensui, although usually translated as Field Marshal/Grand Admiral, was actually an honorary title conferred by the Emperor and not a rank as such.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top | &lt;font color=#000077&gt;Amiral de la flotte&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;T'e-chi Shang-chiang (Field Marshal/Generalissimo) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Адмирал флота (Admiral of the Fleet)&lt;ref&gt;Introduced in 1940 as an equivalent to General of the Army, but from May 1945 became equal to Marshal of the Soviet Union, with no intermediate rank in between. [http://marshals.narod.ru/admirals.html]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Генерал армии <br /> (General of the Army)&lt;br&gt;Маршал (Marshal)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;I-chi Shang-chiang (General 1st Class) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | valign=top |OF-9<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Admiral&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;General&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Air Chief Marshal&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Admiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;General&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Адмира́л (Admiral)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Генера́л-полко́вник (General-Colonel)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Admirał&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generał broni&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Ναύαρχος (Náuarchos)&lt;ref name=Greece2&gt;No officer was appointed to this rank during the war&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Στρατηγός (Strategós)&lt;ref name=Greece2/&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Πτέραρχος (Ptérarchos)&lt;ref name=Greece2/&gt;&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Generaladmiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generaloberst&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Oberstgruppenführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Ammiraglio di Armata&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generale d'Armata&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Amiraali&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Kenraali&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Taishō &lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Général d'armée&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Amiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Général d'armée aérienne&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Ehr-chi Shang-chiang (General 2nd Class) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |OF-8<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Vice-Admiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Lieutenant-General&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Air Marshal&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Vice Admiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Lieutenant General&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Ви́це-адмира́л (Vice-Admiral)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Генера́л-лейтена́нт (General-Lieutenant)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Wiceadmirał&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generał dywizji&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Αντιναύαρχος (Antináuarchos)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Αντιστράτηγος (Antistrátegos)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Αντιπτέραρχος (Antiptérarchos)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Admiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;General &lt;ref&gt;Full Generals in the army generally held the rank of their service branch, such as &quot;General der Infanterie&quot; or &quot;General der Artillerie&quot;. Likewise, full Generals in the Air Force were called &quot;General der Flieger&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Obergruppenführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Ammiraglio di Squadra&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generale di Corpo d'Armata&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Vara-amiraali&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Kenraaliluutnantti&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Chūjū &lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Général de corps d'armée&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Vice-amiral d'escadre&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Général de corps d'armée aérienne&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Chung-chiang (Lieut.-General) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Vice-amiral&lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | valign=top |OF-7<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Rear-Admiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Major-General&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Air Vice-Marshal&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Rear Admiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Major General&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Ко́нтр-адмира́л (Counter-Admiral)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Генера́л-майо́р (General-Major)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Kontradmirał&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generał brygady&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Υποναύαρχος (Hyponáuarchos)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Υποστράτηγος (Hypostrátegos)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Υποπτέραρχος (Hypoptérarchos)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Vizeadmiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generalleutnant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Gruppenführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Contrammiraglio&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generale di Divisione&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Kontra-amiraali&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Kenraalimajuri&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Shōshō&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Général de division&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Contre-amiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Général de division aérienne&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Shao-chiang (Major-General) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |OF-6<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Commodore&lt;/font&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Actually a Captain acting in an admiral's capacity.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Brigadier&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Air Commodore&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Commodore&lt;ref&gt;Rank reintroduced in 1943.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Brigadier General&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 | -<br /> | rowspan=2 | -<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Ταξίαρχος Αεροπορίας (Taxíarchos Aeroporías)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Konteradmiral&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generalmajor&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Brigadeführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Generale di Brigata&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 | -<br /> | rowspan=2 | -<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Général de brigade&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;capitaine de vaisseau chef de division&lt;ref&gt;Actually a Captain acting in an admiral's capacity.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Général de brigade aérienne&lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Kommodore&lt;ref&gt;Actually a Kapitän zur See (Captain) acting in an admiral's capacity. This was a rarely used rank. Best-known holder was [[Karl Dönitz]], who from 28 January 1939 until 1 October 1939 was &quot;Kapitän zur See und Kommodore&quot; and Leader of U-Boats.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Oberführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | valign=top |OF-5<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Captain&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Colonel&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Group Captain&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Captain&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Colonel&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Капита́н 1-го ра́нга (Captain 1st rank)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Полко́вник (Polkovnik)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Komandor&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Pułkownik&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Πλοίαρχος (Ploíarchos)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Συνταγματάρχης (Syntagmatárches)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Σμήναρχος (Sménarchos)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Kapitän zur See&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Oberst&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Standartenführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Capitano di Vascello&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Colonnello&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Kommodori&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Eversti&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Taisa&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Colonel&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;capitaine de vaisseau&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Colonel&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Shang-hsaio (Colonel) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | valign=top |OF-4<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Commander&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Lieutenant-Colonel&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Wing Commander&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Commander&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Lieutenant Colonel&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Капита́н 2-го ра́нга (Captain 2nd rank)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Подполко́вник (Podpolkovnik)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Komandor porucznik&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Podpułkownik&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Αντιπλοίαρχος (Antiploíarchos)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Αντισυνταγματάρχης (Antisyntagmatárches)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Αντισμήναρχος (Antisménarchos)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Fregattenkapitän&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Oberstleutnant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Obersturmbannführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Capitano di Fregata&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Tenente Colonnello&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Komentaja&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Everstiluutnantti&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Chūsa &lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Lieutenant-colonel&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;capitaine de frégate&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Lieutenant-colonel&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Chung-hsaio (Lieutenant-Colonel) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | valign=top |OF-3<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Lieutenant-Commander&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Major&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Squadron Leader&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Lieutenant Commander&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Major&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Капита́н 3-го ра́нга (Captain 3rd rank)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Майо́р (Major)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Komandor podporucznik&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Major&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Πλωτάρχης (Plotárches)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Ταγματάρχης (Tagmatárches)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Επισμηναγός (Epismenagós)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Korvettenkapitän&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Major&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Sturmbannführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Capitano di Corvetta&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Maggiore&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Komentajakapteeni&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Majuri&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Shōsa&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Commandant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;capitaine de corvette&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Commandant&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Shao-hsaio (Major) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |OF-2<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Captain&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Flight Lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Captain&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Капита́н-лейтена́нт (Captain-Lieutenant) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Капита́н (Captain)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Kapitan marynarki&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Kapitan&lt;/font&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Traditionally captains of [[Polish cavalry]] held the rank of [[rotmistrz]], a direct equivalent of the rank of ''kapitan'' in other branches of the military.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Υποπλοίαρχος (Hypoploíarchos)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Λοχαγός (Lochagós)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Σμηναγός (Smenagós)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Kapitänleutnant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Hauptmann &lt;ref&gt;Captains in the cavalry and mounted transport corps were called [[Rittmeister]].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Hauptsturmführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Primo Capitano&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Kapteeniluutnantti&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Kapteeni&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Taii&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Capitaine&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Lieutenant de vaisseau&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Capitaine&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Shang-wei (Captain) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=1 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Tenente di Vascello&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Capitano&lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=3 valign=top | OF-1<br /> | valign=top | &lt;font color=#000077&gt;Sub-Lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Flying Officer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top | &lt;font color=#000077&gt;Lieutenant Junior Grade&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;First Lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Ста́рший лейтена́нт (Senior Lieutenant)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Ста́рший лейтена́нт (Senior Lieutenant)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Porucznik marynarki&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Porucznik &lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Ανθυποπλοίαρχος (Anthypoploíarchos)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Υπολοχαγός (Hypolochagós)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Υποσμηναγός (Hyposmenagós)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top | &lt;font color=#000077&gt;Oberleutnant zur See&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Oberleutnant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Obersturmführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Sottotenente di Vascello&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Primo Tenente&lt;/font&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Primo&quot; ranks were a way for identifying long term or career officers. Primo Capitano and Primo Tenente were officers with 12 years seniority in the rank or a total of 20 years of commissioned service.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Luutnantti&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top | &lt;font color=#770000&gt;Chūi&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Enseigne de vaisseau de 1&lt;sup&gt;&lt;small&gt;re&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; classe&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Chung-wei (Lieutenant) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Commissioned Warrant Officer&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Second Lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Pilot Officer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Ensign&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Second Lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Лейтена́нт (Lieutenant)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Лейтена́нт (Lieutenant)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Podporucznik marynarki&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Podporucznik&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Σημαιοφόρος (Semaiophóros)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Ανθυπολοχαγός (Anthypolochagós)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Ανθυποσμηναγός (Anthyposmenagós)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Leutnant zur See&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Leutnant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000000&gt;Untersturmführer&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Guardiamarina&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Tenente&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Aliluutnantti&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Vänrikki&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | rowspan=2 valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Shōi&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Sous-lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Enseigne de vaisseau de 2&lt;sup&gt;&lt;small&gt;nde&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; classe&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#0066ff&gt;Sous-lieutenant&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Shao-wei (2nd Lieutenant) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |- <br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Мла́дший лейтена́нт (Junior Lieutenant)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Мла́дший лейтена́нт (Junior Lieutenant)&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#000077&gt;Chorąży marynarki&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Chorąży&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#006600&gt;Sottotenente&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Aspirant&lt;/font&gt;<br /> | valign=top |&lt;font color=#770000&gt;Chun-wei (Warrant Officer) &lt;/font&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;&lt;references /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;!-- Dead note &quot;Waffef_SS&quot;: Generals in the Waffen-SS also held the army equivalent rank (e.g. SS-Brigadeführer und Generalmajor der Waffen-SS). --&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> *[[Comparative military ranks of World War I]]<br /> *[[Comparative military ranks]]<br /> *[[United States Army enlisted rank insignia of World War II]]<br /> *[[Ranks and insignia of the Schutzstaffel]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Military ranks by country|*]]<br /> <br /> [[de:Militärische Ränge im Zweiten Weltkrieg]]<br /> [[ru:Звания Второй мировой войны]]<br /> [[zh:二戰各國軍銜]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Along_the_River_During_the_Qingming_Festival&diff=143107735 Along the River During the Qingming Festival 2007-07-07T15:21:05Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>{{wide image|Along the River 7-119-3.jpg|6000px|Panorama of ''Along the River During Qingming Festival'', an [[18th century]] remake of the [[12th century]] original}}<br /> '''''Along the River During Qingming Festival''''' ({{zh-tsp|t=[[wiktionary:清明上河圖|清明上河圖]]|s=清明上河图|p=Qīngmíng Shànghé Tú}}) is generally attributed to the [[Song Dynasty]] artist, [[Zhang Zeduan]] (1085-1145). The painting captures the daily life of people from the Song period at the capital, Bianjing (today's [[Kaifeng]]). The theme celebrates [[Qingming Festival]]. The entire piece was painted in handscroll format and the content reveals the lifestyle of all levels of the society (from rich to poor) as well as different economic activities in rural areas and the city. It offers glimpse of the clothing and architecture during the period. As an artistic creation, the piece has been revered, and court artists of subsequent dynasties have made several reproductions. The painting is famous because of its geometrically accurate images of boats, bridges, shops, and the scenry. Some quoted that the painting was like like &quot;China's [[Mona Lisa]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/03/arts/design/03pain.html?_r=2 The New York Times. Retrieved on [[July 4]], [[2007]]&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> <br /> Like the Mona Lisa, Qingming Festival painting was in many people's hands before it finally returned into the hands of government officials. The Qingming Scroll is historically notable as one of the few paintings from the former imperial collection that is still in the possession of Mainland China; it was a particular favorite of emperor [[Puyi]], who took it with him to [[Manchukuo]] and thus kept the [[Northern Song Dynasty]] original (24.8 by 528.7 cm)&lt;ref&gt;http://www.qlin.cn/tuijian/show.asp?id=190&lt;/ref&gt; out of the collection of the [[National Palace Museum]]. It was later re-purchased in [[1945]] and is now held at the Palace Museum in the [[Forbidden City]]. Several other copies by artists of subsequent dynasties&lt;ref&gt;http://www.npm.gov.tw/en/collection/selections_02.htm?docno=90&amp;catno=15&amp;pageno=5&lt;/ref&gt;, including a 1736 version (35.6 by 1152.8 cm) by five [[Qing Dynasty]] court painters, were moved to [[Taiwan]] along with the [[National Palace Museum]] in [[1949]]. The Song dynasty original is regarded as a national treasure by Chinese authorities and only exhibited for brief periods every few years. <br /> <br /> It is possible that a forgery was subsituted when it was passed from one individual to another. The National Palace Musem in [[Taipei]] believes that they are in possession of the original one. However, art experts agreed that [[Palace Museum]] in [[Beijing]] indeed holds the original while The National Palace Musuem in Taipei is poessing a forgery painting. The scholars said the style and the materials (ink and [[silk]]) are consistent with the work from the 12th century. <br /> <br /> Beginning on 29 June 2007, in a rare move, the original painting will be exhibited in [[Hong Kong]] to commemorate the 10th anniversary of its return to the People's Republic of China, and it will be on display until mid-August. It is estimated that the cost of shipping the painting have run into the millions of [[Hong Kong dollar|Hong Kong dollars]] in addition to insuring this piece of priceless art which is estimated to be in the ten of millions HKD. <br /> <br /> == Features ==<br /> In the 5 meter picture, there were 814 humans, 28 boats, 94 animals, and 170 trees drawn on the picture. There were 2 sections in the picture. The right section was the [[rural]] area of the city. There were crop fields, rural people drawn in the picture are more relaxed. The left section was the area inside the city and a river. Many economic activities such as people loading cargoes onto the boat, shops, and even [[tax]] office could be seen in this area.<br /> <br /> In the centre of the picture there was the river and a [[bridge]], which was the main focus of the picture. On the bridge, there were 2 people arguing over some issues. Under the bridge, there was a boat which its [[Mast (sailing)|mast]] had not been lowered completely and risked a chance crashing into the bridge. Many people on the bridge and along the riverside were shouting to alert the captain of the boat. On the bridge, a person was trying to lower a rope to rescue those who were still on the boat.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.metrohk.com.hk/news.php?startDate=29062007&amp;newscat=1&amp;newsid=45667 Metro News Hong Kong (Chinese only)]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Questions over the Translation==<br /> <br /> Scholars have disputed the accuracy of the translation of painting's name; the word &quot;Qingming&quot; can refer to either the [[Qingming Festival]] or to peace and order, two translations have been proposed by scholars: ''Going Upriver on the Qingming Festival'' or ''Peace Reigns Over the River''.<br /> <br /> Traditionally, three things have been believed about the painting:<br /> * The city depicted is [[Kaifeng]]. <br /> * It was painted before the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty in [[1127]]. <br /> * It depicts the Qingming Festival. <br /> <br /> More recent scholarship challenges all three of those assertions: <br /> * The city depicted is an idealized non-existent city. <br /> * It was painted after the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty in 1127. <br /> * It depicts a scene in early [[Autumn]].<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> &lt;references /&gt;<br /> * Valerie Hansen, &quot;The Mystery of the Qingming Scroll and Its Subject: The Case Against Kaifeng,&quot; ''Journal of Sung-Yuan Studies'' 26 (1996), 183-200.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> [http://www.npm.gov.tw/en/collection/selections_02.htm?docno=90&amp;catno=15&amp;pageno=5 National Palace Museum Description of &quot;Along the River During Ching Ming Festival&quot;]<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> *[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/ssong/hd_ssong.htm Metropolitan Museum]<br /> *[http://www.npm.gov.tw/ National Palace Museum Taiwan]<br /> *INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON QINGMING SHANGHE TU AND SONG DYNASTY GENRE PAINTINGS, BEIJING, 10-12 OCTOBER 2005&quot; China Heritage Newsletter, [http://www.chinaheritagenewsletter.org/scholarship.php?searchterm=004_qingmingconf.inc&amp;issue=004]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Zhang Zeduan paintings]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese paintings]]<br /> <br /> [[de:Qingming-Rolle]]<br /> [[zh:清明上河圖]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Georg_Christoph_Lichtenberg&diff=108017391 Georg Christoph Lichtenberg 2007-02-14T06:13:11Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox_Biography |<br /> subject_name = Georg Christoph Lichtenberg |<br /> image_name = Georg Christoph Lichtenberg Big.jpg |<br /> image_caption = |<br /> date_of_birth = [[1 July]] [[1742]] |<br /> place_of_birth = Ober-Ramstadt near [[Darmstadt]], Hesse |<br /> date_of_death = [[24 February]] [[1799]] |<br /> place_of_death = [[Göttingen]] |<br /> }}<br /> '''Georg Christoph Lichtenberg''' ([[1 July]] [[1742]] – [[24 February]] [[1799]]) was an [[18th century|18th-century]] [[Germany|German]] [[scientist]], [[satirist]] and [[Anglophile]]. As a scientist, he was the first to hold a professorship explicitly dedicated to [[experimental physics]] in Germany. Today he is remembered for his notebooks published posthumously, which he himself called &quot;waste books&quot;, using the [[English language|English]] [[bookkeeping]] term.<br /> <br /> ==Life==<br /> Lichtenberg was the youngest of eighteen children of a [[pastor]] of the same name. His father, ascending through the ranks of the church hierarchy, eventually became [[superintendent]] for Darmstadt. Unusually for a priest in those times, he seems to have possessed a fair amount of scientific knowledge. Georg Christoph Lichtenberg was educated at his parent's house until ten years of age, when he joined the [[Lateinschule]] in Darmstadt. His intelligence and wit became obvious at a very early age. He wanted to study mathematics, but his family could not afford to pay for lessons. In 1762 his mother applied to [[Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt|Ludwig VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt]], who granted sufficient funds. In 1763, Lichtenberg entered [[Gottingen University|Göttingen University]], where in 1769 he became [[Professor#Main positions 2|extraordinary professor]] of [[physics]], and six years later [[Professor#Main positions 2|ordinary professor]]. He held this post till his death. <br /> <br /> Lichtenberg became a [[kyphosis|hunchback]] owing to a malformation of the [[vertebral column|spine]]. This left him unusually short, even by eighteenth-century standards. Over time this malformation grew worse, ultimately affecting even his breathing.<br /> <br /> One of the first scientists to introduce [[experiment]]s with apparatus in their lectures, Lichtenberg was a most popular and respected figure in the European intellectual circles of his time. He maintained good relations with most of the great figures of that era, including [[Goethe]] and [[Kant]]. In 1784 [[Alessandro Volta]] visited Göttingen especially to see the man and his experiments. The eminent mathematician [[Karl Friedrich Gauss]] was one of the hearers of his lectures. In 1793 he was elected a member of the [[Royal Society]]. <br /> <br /> As a physicist, today he is remembered for his investigations in [[electricity]], for discovering branching discharge patterns on [[dielectrics]] now called [[Lichtenberg figures]]. In [[1777]], he built a large [[Electrophorus]] in order to generate [[static electricity]] through [[induction]]. With it, he discovered the basic principle of modern [[Xerography]] copy machine [[technology]]. This discovery was also the forerunner of modern day [[Plasma Physics]]. By discharging a high [[voltage]] point near an [[Electrical insulation|insulator]], he was able to record the resulting radial pattern in fixed dust. The Lichtenberg figures are considered today to be examples of [[fractals]]. <br /> <br /> He was one of the first to introduce [[Benjamin Franklin]]'s lightning rod to Germany by installing such devices to his house in Göttingen and his garden sheds. He also proposed the standardized paper size system used all over the world today (except in the [[United States|US]] and [[Canada]]), known as [[ISO 216]], which has A4 as the most commonly used size.&lt;ref&gt;In one of his letters dated October 25, 1786 to Johann Beckmann.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Invited by his students, he visited [[England]] twice, from Easter to early summer 1770 and from August 1774 to Christmas 1775, where he was received cordially by [[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]] and [[Queen Charlotte]]. He led the King through the royal observatory in [[Richmond-upon-Thames]], upon which the king proposed that he become professor of philosophy. He also met with participants of [[Captain Cook|Cook]]'s voyages. Great Britain impressed him, and he became a well-known Anglophile after the visits. <br /> <br /> He had many romances. Most of the women were from poor families. In 1777 he met Maria Stechard, then aged 13, who lived with the professor permanently after 1780. She died in 1782.&lt;ref&gt;The relation between the man and his &quot;little daughter&quot; was made into a novel by [[Gert Hofmann]]. The work has been translated by his son [[Michael Hofmann]] into English, with the title ''Lichtenberg and the Little Flower Girl''.&lt;/ref&gt; In the following year he met the 22-year-old Margarethe Kellner. He married her in 1789, in order to give her a [[pension]], as he thought he was to die soon. She gave him six children, and outlived him by 49 years. <br /> <br /> Lichtenberg was prone to [[procrastination]]. He failed to launch the first ever [[gas balloon|hydrogen balloon]], and although he always dreamed of writing a novel à la [[Henry Fielding|Fielding]]'s ''[[The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling|Tom Jones]]'', he never finished more than a few pages. He died at the age of 56, after a short illness.<br /> <br /> ==Waste books==<br /> [[Image:Lichtenberg_Denkmal_Goettingen.jpg|thumb|Lichtenberg's monument at the marketplace in Göttingen. This &quot;Monument&quot; is life size, and from the rubbish bin nearby it can be discerned that Lichtenberg was about 155 cm]]<br /> The &quot;waste books&quot; (Lichtenberg rendered it roughly as ''Sudelbücher'' in [[German language|German]]) are the notebooks he kept from his student days until the end of his life. Each volume was accorded a letter of the alphabet from A, which begun in 1765, to L, which broke off at Lichtenberg's death in 1799. <br /> <br /> These notebooks first became known to the world after the man's death, when the first and second editions of ''Lichtenbergs Vermischte Schriften'' (1800-06 and 1844-53) were published by his sons and brothers. Since the initial publications, however, notebooks G and H, and most of notebook K, were destroyed or disappeared. Those missing parts are believed to contain sensitive materials. The manuscripts of the remaining notebooks are now preserved in Göttingen University. <br /> <br /> The notebooks contain quotations that struck Lichtenberg, titles of books to read, autobiographical sketches, and short or long reflections. It is those reflections that help Lichtenberg earn his posthumous fame. Today he is regarded as one of the best [[aphorist]]s in the Western intellectual history. <br /> <br /> Some scholars have attempted to distil a system of thought out of Lichtenberg's scattered musings. However, Lichtenberg was not a professional philosopher, and had no need to present, or to have, any consistent philosophy. <br /> <br /> The waste books nevertheless reveal a critical and analytical way of thinking and emphasize on experimental evidence in physics, through which he became one of the early founders and advocates of modern scientific methodology. <br /> :„''Je mehr sich bei Erforschung der Natur die Erfahrungen und Versuche häufen, desto schwankender werden die Theorien. Es ist aber immer gut sie nicht gleich deswegen aufzugeben. Denn jede Hypothese, die gut war, dient wenigstens die Erscheinungen bis auf ihre Zeit gehörig zusammen zu denken und zu behalten. Man sollte die widersprechenden Erfahrungen besonders niederlegen, bis sie sich hinlänglich angehäuft haben um es der Mühe wert zu machen ein neues Gebäude aufzuführen.''“ (Lichtenberg: Sudelbuch JII/1602)<br /> :„''The more experience and experiments are accumulated during the exploration of nature, the more faltering its theories become. It is always good though not to abandon them instantly. For every hypothesis which used to be good at least serves the purpose of duly summarizing and keeping all phenomena until its own time. One should lay down the conflicting experience separately, until it has accumulated sufficiently to justify the effords necessary to edifice a new theory.''“ (Lichtenberg: waste book JII/1602)<br /> <br /> The reflections also include keen observations on human nature, à la the 17th-century French moralists.<br /> <br /> [[Arthur Schopenhauer|Schopenhauer]] admired Lichtenberg's notebooks greatly. He called Lichtenberg one of those who &quot;think ... for their own instruction&quot;, who are &quot;genuine ''thinkers for themselves'' in both senses of the words&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Arthur Schopenhauer, trans. R.J. Hollingdale, ''Essays and Arphorisms'', Harmondswort: Penguin Books, 1970, p. 93.&lt;/ref&gt;Other admirers of Lichtenberg's notebooks include [[Friedrich Nietzsche|Nietzsche]], [[Sigmund Freud|Freud]] and [[Ludwig Wittgenstein|Wittgenstein]].&lt;ref&gt;For Lichtenberg's influences on German writers, see Dieter Lamping, ''Lichtenbergs literarisches Nachleben'', Göttingen: Vandenhoeck &amp; Ruprecht, 1992.&lt;/ref&gt; Lichtenberg is not read by many outside Germany. [[Leo Tolstoy]] held Lichtenberg's writings in high esteem, expressing his perplexment of &quot;why the Germans of the present day neglect this writer so much.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Carl Brinitzer, trans. Bernard Smith, ''A Reasonable Rebel'', New York: Macmillan, 1960, p. 194.&lt;/ref&gt; The Chinese scholar and wit [[Qian Zhongshu]] quotes the ''Waste books'' in his works several times.&lt;ref&gt;For example, in his essay [http://www.literature.org.cn/Article.asp?ID=4362 ''Zhongguo Shi Yu Zhongguo Hua''] (中国诗与中国画 &quot;Chinese poetry and Chiense paintings&quot;).&lt;/ref&gt; A crater on the [[Moon]], [[Lichtenberg (crater)|Crater Lichtenberg]], has been named in his honour.<br /> <br /> ==Other works==<br /> As a satirist, Lichtenberg takes high rank among the German writers of the 18th century. His biting wit involved him in many controversies with well-known contemporaries, such as the [[Switzerland|Swiss]] physiognomist [[Johann Kaspar Lavater]] whose science of [[physiognomy]] he ridiculed, and [[Johann Heinrich Voss]], whose views on [[Greek language|Greek]] pronunciation called forth a powerful satire, ''Über die Pronunciation der Schöpse des alten Griechenlandes''. <br /> <br /> In 1777, Lichtenberg opposed the apparent misrepresentation of science by [[Jacob Philadelphia]]. Lichtenberg considered him to be a magician, not a physicist, and created a satirical poster that was intended to prevent Philadelphia from performing his exhibition in Göttingen. The placard, called &quot;[[Lichtenberg's Avertissement]]&quot;, described extravagant and miraculous tricks that were to be performed. As a result, Philadelphia left the city without a performance. <br /> <br /> In 1784 he took over the publication of the textbook ''Anfangsgründe der Naturlehre'' (&quot;Foundations of the Natural Sciences&quot;) from his friend and colleague Johann Christian Erxleben upon his premature death in 1777. Until 1794, three further editions had followed. For many years, the ''Anfangsgründe'' remained the standard textbook for physics in German.<br /> <br /> He contributed to the ''Göttinger Taschen Calender'' from 1778 onwards, and to the ''Göttingisches Magazin der Wissenschaften und Literatur'', which he edited for three years (1780-1782) with [[Georg Forster|J. G. A. Forster]]. The ''Göttinger Taschen Calendar'', beside being a usual Calendar for everyday usage, contained not only short writings on natural phenomena and new scientific discoveries (which would be termed popular science today), but also essays in which he contests quackery and superstition. In the spirit of enlightenment, he strives to educate the common people to use logic, wit and the power of their own senses, as in the following: <br /> :„''Recently, toys in the form of little balls or spheres, alledgedly made of the purest gum or cautchouc, have been sold and are advertised as being capable of the most extreme bounces. If left to bounce onto hard ground, it is said, they will rise to a height larger than from where they were initially let off. Such a behaviour, however, is evidently impossible, for if left to bounce about, this sphere would jump to greater and greater heights until eventually jumping out of this world.''“ (Lichtenberg: Göttinger Taschen Calender)<br /> <br /> Based on his visits to England, his ''Briefe aus England'', with admirable descriptions of [[David Garrick|Garrick]]'s acting, are the most attractive of his writings published during his lifetime. He also published in 1794-1799 an ''Ausführliche Erklärung der Hogarthischen Kupferstiche'' in which he described the satirical details in [[William Hogarth]]'s prints.<br /> <br /> ==Selected bibliography== <br /> {{wikiquote}}<br /> {{commons|Georg Christoph Lichtenberg}}<br /> '''Works published during his lifetime'''<br /> *''Briefe aus England'', 1776-78<br /> *''Über Physiognomik, wider die Physiognomen'', 1778<br /> *''Göttingisches Magazin der Wissenschaften und Litteratur'', 1780-85 (ed. by Georg Christoph Lichtenberg and Georg Forster)<br /> *''Über die Pronunciation der Schöpse des alten Griechenlandes'', 1782<br /> *''Ausführliche Erklärung der Hogarthischen Kupferstiche'', 1794-1799<br /> '''Complete works in German'''<br /> *''Schriften und Briefe'', 1968-72 (4 vols., ed. by Wolfgang Promies)<br /> '''English translations'''<br /> *''The Lichtenberg Reader'', 1959 (trans. and ed. by Franz H. Mautner and Henry Hatfield) <br /> *''The World of Hogarth. Lichtenberg's Commentaries on Hogarth's Engravings'', 1966 (trans. by Innes and Gustav Herdan)<br /> *''Hogarth on High Life. The Marriage à la Mode Series, from Georg Christoph Lichtenberg's Commentaries'', 1970 (trans. and ed. by Arthur S. Wensinger and W. B. Coley)<br /> *''Aphorisms'', 1990 (trans. with an introduction and notes by [[R. J. Hollingdale]]), ISBN 0-14-044519-6, reprinted as ''The Waste Books'', 2000<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> &lt;references/&gt;<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://www.lichtenberg-gesellschaft.de/ The Lichtenberg Society]<br /> *[http://gutenberg.spiegel.de/autoren/lichtenb.htm Original texts at the German Projekt Gutenberg]<br /> *[http://www.geocities.com/neveyaakov/electro_science/lichtenberg.html Compilations of biographies and images]<br /> *[http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/lichten.htm Brief biography at Kirjasto (Pegasos)]<br /> *[http://www.newcriterion.com/archive/20/may02/lichtenberg.htm Book review: G. C. Lichtenberg: a &quot;spy on humanity&quot;]<br /> *[http://cscs.umich.edu/~crshalizi/reviews/lichtenberg/ Book review: Aphorisms by Georg Christoph Lichtenberg]<br /> *[http://ppp.unipv.it/Collana/Pages/Libri/Saggi/Volta%20and%20the%20History%20of%20Electricity/V&amp;H%20Sect3/V&amp;H%20229-244.pdf Georg Christoph Lichtenberg : Experimental Physics from the Spirit of Aphorism] ([[PDF]])<br /> <br /> [[Category:German physicists|Lichtenberg, Georg Christoph]]<br /> [[Category:German writers|Lichtenberg, Georg Christoph]]<br /> [[Category:German satirists|Lichtenberg, Georg Christoph]]<br /> [[Category:1742 births|Lichtenberg, Georg Christoph]]<br /> [[Category:1799 deaths|Lichtenberg, Georg Christoph]]<br /> <br /> [[da:Georg Christoph Lichtenberg]]<br /> [[de:Georg Christoph Lichtenberg]]<br /> [[es:Georg Christoph Lichtenberg]]<br /> [[eo:Georg Christoph Lichtenberg]]<br /> [[fr:Georg Christoph Lichtenberg]]<br /> [[it:Georg Christoph Lichtenberg]]<br /> [[la:Georgius Christophorus Lichtenberg]]<br /> [[pl:Georg Christoph Lichtenberg]]<br /> [[pt:Georg Christoph Lichtenberg]]<br /> [[sk:Georg Christoph Lichtenberg]]<br /> [[sv:Georg Christopher Lichtenberg]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yuan_Shikai&diff=35603254 Yuan Shikai 2006-01-17T23:11:46Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:袁世凯.jpg|thumb|250px|Yuan Shikai in military uniform]]<br /> '''Yuan Shikai''' ([[Courtesy name|Courtesy]] '''Weiting''' 慰亭; [[Hao|Pseudonym]]: '''Rong'an''' &amp;#23481;&amp;#24245; {{zh-tspw |t=&amp;#34945;&amp;#19990;&amp;#20977; |s=&amp;#34945;&amp;#19990;&amp;#20975; |p=Yuán Shìk&amp;#462;i |w=Yüan Shih-k'ai}}) ([[September 16]], [[1859]] &amp;ndash; [[June 6]], [[1916]]) was a [[List of famous Chinese people|Chinese]] military official and politician during the late [[Qing Dynasty]] and the early [[Republic of China]]. He was reviled for taking advantage of both the Qing imperial court and the Republicans, for his authoritarian control based on control of the military, his presidency between [[1912]]&amp;ndash;[[1915]] and his self-proclamation as [[Emperor of China|Emperor]] in 1916.<br /> <br /> ==Early years==<br /> Yuan Shikai was born in the village of Zhangying (&amp;#24373;&amp;#29151;&amp;#26449;), located in Xiangcheng county (&amp;#38917;&amp;#22478;&amp;#32291;), depending from Chenzhou prefecture (&amp;#38515;&amp;#24030;&amp;#24220;), [[Henan]] province. Xiangcheng county has now become the [[county-level city]] of [[Xiangcheng]] (&amp;#39033;&amp;#22478;&amp;#24066;), depending from the [[prefecture-level city]] of [[Zhoukou]] (&amp;#21608;&amp;#21475;&amp;#24066;). Chenzhou is now called [[Huaiyang]] (&amp;#28142;&amp;#38451;), but it is no longer the head of the prefecture, having been replaced by Zhoukou. The village of Zhangying is located immediately north of downtown Xiangcheng. <br /> <br /> The Yuan family moved to a hilly area easier to defend, 16 kilometers southeast of downtown Xiangcheng, and there the Yuans had built a fortified village, the village of Yuanzhai (&amp;#34945;&amp;#23528;&amp;#26449;, literally &quot;the fortified village of the Yuan family&quot;). The village of Yuanzhai is now located inside Wangmingkou township (&amp;#29579;&amp;#26126;&amp;#21475;&amp;#20065;), on the territory of the county-level city of Xiangcheng. The large countryside estate of the Yuan family in Yuanzhai was recently opened to tourism by the [[People's Republic of China]], and people inside China generally assume that Yuan Shikai was born in Yuanzhai. <br /> <br /> As a young man he had enjoyed riding, boxing, and entertainment with friends. Yuan had wanted to pursue a career in civil services, but had failed twice in Imperial Examinations. He decided that his entry into politics would have to be done through the Army. Using his father's connections Yuan set foot in [[Tengzhou]], [[Shandong]] and sought a post in the Qing Brigade. Yuan married in 1876, to a woman of the Yu family, who bore a son, [[Yuan Keding|Keding]], in 1878.<br /> <br /> == Korea ==<br /> <br /> Korea in the late [[1870s]] was in midst of a struggle between isolationists under the King's father, and progressives, led by the Queen, who had wanted to open trade with continued Chinese overlordship in Korea. Japan had shown interest in the protectorate, and was an emerging power. Under the [[Kanghwa Treaty]] signed in 1876, Japan was allowed to send diplomatic missions to [[Seoul]], and opened trading posts in [[Inchon]] and [[Wonsan]]. Admidst an internal power struggle, which resulted in the Queen's exile, [[Li Hongzhang]], the [[Viceroy of Zhili]], sent the Qing Brigade, 3,000 strong, into Korea. The chief troublemaker, a regent, was escorted to Tianjin, where he would be kept prisoner. Korea's weakness was apparent, and the [[Cemulpo Treaty]] of 1882 gave the Japanese the right to station troops in Seoul to protect their legation. China's protection alone could not shield Korea in a modern and fast-developing world, and it was obvious that Korea's army could not even deal with an internal crisis. The King issued a proposal to train 500 troops in the art of modern warfare, and Yuan Shikai was appointed to lead this task and was to remain in Korea. Li Hongzhang also recommended Yuan's promotion to the Emperor, which was answered shortly with Yuan's new rank as ''Sub-Prefect''.<br /> <br /> In [[1885]], Yuan was appointed Imperial Resident of Seoul with orders from the Imperial Throne. The position had seemed on the surface to be similar to that of a Minister or ambassador. In practice, however, Yuan, being the head official from the [[suzerain]], had become the supreme adviser on all Korean government policies. Dissatisfied with its position in Korea, Japan had wanted more influence through co-suzerainity with China. A series of forged documents aimed at angering the Chinese was sent to Yuan Shikai, attempting to make it appear as if the Korean government had changed its stance towards Chinese protection, and turned more towards [[Russia]]. Yuan was sceptical yet outraged, and asked Li Hongzhang for advice.<br /> <br /> In a treaty signed between Japan and China, the two parties agreed to only send troops into Korea after the other is notified. Although the Korean government was stable, it was still a protectorate of China, and forces emerged advocating for modernization. Another more radicalist group, the [[Tong Hak Rebellion|Tong Hak Society]], promoting Confucianist and Taoist principles, rose in rebellion against the government, which Yuan longed to protect. Li Hongzhang sent troops into Korea to protect Seoul, and Japan did the same under the pretext of protecting Japanese trading posts. Tensions boiled over between Japan and China when Japan refused to withdraw its forces and placed a blockade of sorts at the 38th Parallel. Li Hongzhang wanted at all costs to avoid a war with Japan, and attempted this by asking for international pressure for a Japanese withdrawal. Japan refused, and war began. Yuan, now in an ineffective position, was recalled to Tianjin in July [[1894]], at the beginning of the [[First Sino-Japanese War]] (甲午戰爭).<br /> <br /> ==Late Qing Dynasty==<br /> <br /> Yuan Shikai rose to fame by participating in the [[first Sino-Japanese War]] as the commander of the Chinese stationary forces in Korea. He fortunately avoided the humiliation of Chinese armies in the war when he was recalled to [[Beijing]] several days before the Chinese forces were attacked.<br /> <br /> As an ally of [[Li Hongzhang]], Yuan was appointed the commander of the first [[New army]] in [[1895]]. The Qing court relied heavily on his army due to the proximity of its garrision to the capital and its effectiveness. Of the new armies that were part of the Self-Strengthening Movement, Yuan's was the most well trained and effective. <br /> <br /> The Qing Court at the time was divided between progressives under the leadership of the [[Guangxu Emperor]], and conservatives under the [[Empress Dowager Cixi]], who had temporarily retreated to the [[Summer Palace]] as a place of &quot;retirement&quot;. After Guangxu's [[Hundred Days' Reform]] 1898, however, Cixi decided that the reforms were too drastic, and wanted to restore her own regency through a [[coup d'état]]. Plans of the coup spread early, and the Emperor was very aware of the plot. He asked reform advocates [[Kang Youwei]], [[Tan Sitong]] and others to develop a plan to save him. Yuan's involvement in the coup continues to be a large topic of historical debate. Tan Sitong reportedly had a talk with Yuan several days before the coup, asking Yuan to assist the Emperor and rid Cixi. Yuan refused a direct answer, but insisted he was loyal to the Emperor. Meanwhile Manchu General [[Ronglu]] was planning manoevers for his army to stage the coup.<br /> <br /> According to many sources, including the diary of [[Liang Qichao]] and a ''[[Wen Bao]]'' (文报) article, Yuan Shikai arrived in [[Tianjin]] on [[September 20]], 1898, by train. It was certain that by the evening, Yuan had talked to Ronglu, but what was revealed to him remains ambiguous. Most historians suggest that Yuan had told Ronglu of all details of the Reformers' plans, and asked him to take immediate action. The plot being exposed, Ronglu's troops entered the [[Forbidden City]] at dawn on [[September 21]], forcing the Emperor into seclusion in a lake palace.<br /> <br /> Making a political alliance with the Empress Dowager, and becoming a lasting enemy of the Guangxu Emperor, Yuan left the capital in 1899 for his new appointment as Governor of [[Shandong]]. During his three-year tenure he ensured the suppression of [[Boxer Rebellion|Boxers]] (义和团运动)in the province. He also left the foundation for a provincial junior college in [[Jinan]], adopting some western ideas of education.<br /> <br /> He was granted the position of [[Viceroy of Zhili]] (直隸總督) and Minister of [[Beiyang]] (北洋通商大臣) (the modern regions of [[Liaoning]], [[Hebei]], and [[Shandong]] provinces) on [[June 25]], [[1902]]. Gaining the regard of foreigners when he helped to crush the [[Boxer Rebellion]], he successfully obtained numerous loans to expand his [[Beiyang Army]] into the [[New army|most powerful army]] in China. He created a 1,000-strong police force to keep order in Tianjin, the first of its kind in Chinese history, after the [[Boxer Protocol]] had forbidden troops to be staged within a close proximity of Tianjin. Yuan was also involved in the transfer of Railway control from [[Sheng Xuanhuai]](盛宣怀). Railways became a big part of his revenue. Yuan played an active role in late-Qing political reforms, including the creation of the Ministry of Education(學部) and Ministry of Police(巡警部). He further advocated for racial equality between Manchus and [[Han Chinese]].<br /> <br /> == Retreat and the Republic ==<br /> <br /> The Empress Dowager and the Guangxu Emperor died within a day of each other in November 1908. Some sources indicate that the will of the Emperor had specifically ordered that Yuan be executed. Avoiding execution, in January [[1909]], Yuan Shikai was relieved of all his posts by the regent, the [[2nd Prince Chun]] (&amp;#37255;&amp;#35242;&amp;#29579;). The official reason advanced was that he was returning to his home in the village of Huanshang (&amp;#27961;&amp;#19978;&amp;#26449;), located in the suburbs of Zhangde [[Zhou (political division)|prefecture]] (&amp;#24432;&amp;#24503;&amp;#24220;), now called the [[prefecture-level city]] of [[Anyang]] (&amp;#23433;&amp;#38451;&amp;#24066;), [[Henan]] province, in order to treat a foot disease. <br /> <br /> During his three years of retreat, Yuan kept contact with his close allies, including [[Duan Qirui]], who reported to him regularly about army proceedings. The loyalty of the Beiyang Army was still undoubtedly behind him. Having this strategic military situation, Yuan actually held the balance of power between the revolutionaries and the Qing Court. Both wanted Yuan on their side. Initially deciding against the possibility of becoming President of a newly proclaimed Republic, Yuan also repeatedly declined offers from the Qing Court for his return, first as the [[Viceroy of Huguang]], and then as Prime Minister of the Imperial Cabinet. Time was on Yuan's side, and Yuan waited, using his &quot;foot ailment&quot; as a pretext to his continual refusal. After further pleas by the Qing Court, Yuan agreed to accept, becoming Prime Minister on November 1, 1911. Immediately subsequent he asked that Zaifeng, the Regent, abstain from politics. Zaifeng, being forced to resign from his regency, made way for Yuan to compose a newly created, predominantly [[Han Chinese]] Cabinet of his confidants, consisting of only one Manchu, who held the position of Minister of Suzerainty.<br /> <br /> The [[Wuchang Uprising]] succeeded on [[October 10]], [[1911]] in [[Hubei]] province, before Yuan's official appointment to the post of Prime Minister. The southern provinces had subsequently declared their independence from the Qing Court, but neither the northern provinces nor the Beiyang Army had a clear stance for or against the rebellion. Both the Qing court and Yuan fully knew that the Beiyang Army was the only modern force powerful enough to quell the revolutionaries. The court renewed offers on October 27, and Yuan eventually left his village on October 30. To further reward Yuan's loyalty to the court, the [[Empress Dowager Longyu]] offered Yuan the noble title Marquis of the First Rank (一等侯), an honour only previously given to General [[Zeng Guofan]]. While continuing his demands, ensuring temporary political stability in Beijing, his forces captured [[Hankou]] and [[Hanyang]] in [[November]] [[1911]] in preparation for attacking [[Wuchang]], thus forcing the republican revolutionaries to negotiate.<br /> <br /> [[Image:Yuan shikai.jpg|thumb|200px|Yuan Shikai as the Hongxian Emperor]]<br /> <br /> The revolutionaries had elected [[Sun Yat-Sen]] as the first Provisional [[President of the Republic of China]], but they were in a militarily weak position, and so they reluctantly compromised with Yuan. Yuan fulfilled his promise to the revolutionaries and arranged for the abdication of the child emperor [[Puyi]] in return for being named the [[President of the Republic of China|President of the Republic]], replacing Sun. Sun agreed, but asked that the capital be situated in [[Nanjing]]. Yuan, however, wanted his advantage geographically. [[Cao Kun]], one of his entrusted subordinate Beiyang military commanders, fabricated a [[coup d'état]] in [[Beijing]] and [[Tianjin]], apparently under Yuan's orders, to provide an excuse for Yuan not to leave his [[sphere of influence]] in Zhili (present-day [[Hebei]] province). The revolutionaries compromised again, and the capital of the new republic was established in [[Beijing]]. Yuan Shikai was elected Provisional President on [[February 15]], 1912, by the Nanjing Provisional Senate, and sworn in on [[March 10]].<br /> <br /> In [[February]] 1913, democratic elections were held for the National Assembly in which the Chinese Nationalist Party or the [[Kuomintang]] (KMT) scored a sigificant victory. [[Sung Chiao-jen]], deputy in the KMT to Sun Yat-sen, zealously supported a cabinet system and was widely regarded as a candidate for Prime Minister. Yuan viewed Sung as a threat to his authority and, after Sung's [[assassination]] on [[March 20]] [[1913]], there was speculation in the media that Yuan was responsible.<br /> <br /> ==Becoming Emperor==<br /> <br /> Tensions between the Kuomintang and Yuan continued to intensify. Yuan's crackdown of the Kuomintang began in 1913, beginning with the suppression and bribery of the KMT members in the two legislative chambers, followed by an orchestrated collapse of the KMT from local organizations. Seeing the situation worsen, Sun Yat-sen fled to Japan, and called for a Second Revolution, against Yuan. Subsequently Yuan gradually took over the government with support base from his military power. He dissolved both the national and provincial assemblies, replacing the House of Representatives and Senate with the newly formed &quot;Council of State&quot;, with [[Duan Qirui]], his trusted Beiyang lieutenant, as Prime Minister. The Kuomintang's &quot;Second Revolution&quot; against Yuan ended in disastrous failure, as Yuan's military might on all sides zeroed in on the remnants of KMT forces. Provincial governors with KMT loyalties were bribed or submitted willfully to Yuan. After his victory, Yuan reorganized the provincial governments, its head now being a Military Governor (都督), replacing the civil governorship, where each governor had control of his own army. It laid the first foundations for [[warlordism]] that crippled China for the next three decades.<br /> <br /> In 1915, Japan sent a secret ultimatum known as the [[21 demands]] to Beijing. When word leaked out that Yuan had agreed to some of the provisions, mass protests sprang up as well as a boycott of Japanese goods. Western pressure forced Japan to back down on its demands.<br /> <br /> [[Image:Yuan_flag.png|left|thumb|175px|The Flag of Yuan Shikai's &quot;Great Chinese Empire&quot;]]<br /> <br /> With his power secure, many of Yuan's supporters, notably monarchist [[Yang Du]], advocated for a revival of the monarchy, asking Yuan to take on the title of Emperor. Yang reasoned that the Chinese masses had long been used to autocratic rule, and a Republic had only been effective in a transitional phase to end Manchu rule. China's situation longed for stability that only a monarchy would ensure. American political scientist [[FJ Goodnow]], as well as the Imperial Government of Japan suggested similar ideas. Yuan then committed a major political blunder when he held a &quot;referendum&quot; on [[December 12]], [[1915]]. He reinstated the monarchy, proclaiming himself the Emperor of the Chinese Empire (&amp;#20013;&amp;#33775;&amp;#24093;&amp;#22283;&amp;#22823;&amp;#30343;&amp;#24093;) under the [[Chinese era name|era name]] of Hongxian (&amp;#27946;&amp;#25010;; i.e. ''Constitutional Abundance'') for a brief period from [[January 1]], [[1916]] to [[March 22]], [[1916]]. This was opposed not only by the revolutionaries, but far more importantly by Yuan's subordinate military commanders, who believed that Yuan's assumption of the monarchy would allow him to rule without depending on the support of the military. Faced with universal opposition, Yuan backed down. He died of kidney failure a few months later.<br /> <br /> == Evaluation and legacy ==<br /> <br /> With Yuan's death, China was left without any generally recognized central authority and the army quickly fragmented into forces of combatting [[warlord]]s. For this reason he is usually called the Father of the Warlords. However, it is not accurate to attribute other characteristics of warlordism as his preference, since in his career as a military reformer he had attempted to create a modern army based on the Japanese model. Throughout his lifetime, he demonstrated understanding of how staff work, military education, and regular transfers of officer personnel came together to make a modern military organisation. After his return to power in 1911, however, he seemed willing to sacrifice this ideal in his imperial ambitions, and instead ruled by a combination of violence and bribery that destroyed the idealism of the early Republican movement. Since those who opposed Yuan could do so only from a territorial military base, Yuan's career as president and emperor contributed greatly to China's subsequent political division. In the CCTV Production ''[[Towards the Republic]]'', Yuan is portrayed through most of his early years as an able administrator, although a very skilled manipulator of political situations. His self-proclamation of Emperor was seen as largely under the influence of external forces, such as his son.<br /> <br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;table align=&quot;center&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;caption&gt;'''The Hongxian Era'''&lt;/caption&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;tr&gt;&lt;th &quot;background:#efefef;&quot;&gt;Personal Names&lt;/th&gt;<br /> &lt;th &quot;background:#efefef;&quot;&gt;Period of Reigns&lt;/th&gt;<br /> &lt;th &quot;background:#efefef;&quot;&gt;[[Chinese era name|era name]] (&amp;#24180;&amp;#34399;) and their according range of years&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;5&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;''All first names in '''bold'''.''&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Yuan '''Shikai''' &amp;#34945;&amp;#19990;&amp;#20977; Yuán Shìk&amp;#462;i&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td&gt;[[1916]]&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td&gt;Hongxian (&amp;#27946;&amp;#25010; Hóngxiàn) [[1916]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;<br /> <br /> {{start box}}<br /> {{succession box | before = [[Li Hongzhang]] | title = [[Viceroy of Zhili]] and [[Minister of Beiyang]]| years = 1901&amp;ndash;1908 | after = [[Yang Shixiang]]}}<br /> {{succession box | before = [[Yikuang]], the Prince Qing | title = Prime Minister of the Imperial Cabinet| years = 1911&amp;ndash;1912 | after = [[Tang Shaoyi]] &lt;br&gt; &lt;small&gt;(Provisional Prime Minister of the Republic)&lt;/small&gt;}}<br /> {{succession box two to one| before1 = [[Xuantong Emperor]] |before2 = [[Sun Yat-sen]] | title1 = [[Head of State]] of [[China]]|title2= [[President of the Republic of China]] | years1 = 1912&amp;ndash;1915 | years2 = 1912&amp;ndash;1915 | after = [[Li Yuanhong]]}}<br /> {{end box}}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> *Chen, Jerome. &quot;Yuan Shih-K'ai; 1859-1916&quot;. George Allen &amp; Unwin Ltd: Liverpool, 1961.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> <br /> * [[History of China]]<br /> * [[History of the Republic of China]]<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> *[http://www.press.uillinois.edu/epub/books/chen/ch2.html Early support for Yuan among overseas Chinese]<br /> <br /> &lt;!-- Please do not change the name order. --&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Category:1859 births|Yuan Shikai]]<br /> [[Category:1916 deaths|Yuan Shikai]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese politicians|Yuan Shikai]]<br /> [[Category:Politicians of the Republic of China|Yuan Shikai]]<br /> [[Category:Qing Dynasty|Yuan Shikai]]<br /> [[Category:Qing Prime Ministers|Yuan Shikai]]<br /> <br /> [[de:Yuan Shikai]]<br /> [[es:Yuan Shikai]]<br /> [[fr:Yuan Shikai]]<br /> [[ko:위안스카이]]<br /> [[nl:Yuan Shikai]]<br /> [[ja:袁世凱]]<br /> [[fi:Yuan Shikai]]<br /> [[zh:袁世凯]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tan_Sitong&diff=35407201 Tan Sitong 2006-01-16T15:19:29Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Tansitong.jpg|right]]<br /> '''Tan Sitong''' ([[Simplified Chinese|Chinese]]: &amp;#35885;&amp;#21987;&amp;#21516;, [[Courtesy name|Courtesy]]: '''Fusheng''' &amp;#22797;&amp;#29983;, [[Pseudonym]]: '''Zhuangfei''' &amp;#22766;&amp;#39134;) ([[1865]]—[[1898]]) was an eminent Chinese revolutionary in the late [[Qing Dynasty]] who was in support of liberal reform.<br /> <br /> ==Early Life==<br /> When Tan was young, his mother died, he had a unhappy childhood living with his step-mother. Before 30, he travelled to different provinces of China including [[Xinjiang]], and written more than 200 poems while travelling. In his poems, he expressed his fear of social unrest. For example, in Wuchang Yepa (武昌夜泊).<br /> <br /> 武昌夜泊&lt;br&gt;<br /> 秋老夜蒼蒼,雞鳴天雨霜。&lt;br&gt;星河千里白,鼓角一城涼。&lt;br&gt;<br /> 鐙炫新番舶,磷啼舊戰場。&lt;br&gt;青山終不改,人事費興亡。<br /> <br /> ==Poetry Revolution==<br /> In [[1896]], along with [[Liang Qichao]], he openly called for a reformation in poems, Tan asked then-poets to try writing some &quot;modern poems&quot; (新詩). Although this kind of &quot;modern poems&quot; is just using new nouns to express different feelings (尋扯新名詞以自表異) and &quot;old style containing new thinkings&quot; (以舊風格含新意境), it represents the hearts of many scholars to called for new culture and new thinking.<br /> <br /> ==Hundred Days' Reform==<br /> He participated in the [[Hundred Days' Reform]] in 1898, supporting the [[Guangxu Emperor]]. Unlike his colleague [[Kang Youwei]], Tan decided against fleeing after the failure of reforms. Deemed an enemy by the [[Empress Dowager Cixi]], Tan was executed in public on [[September 28]], [[1898]], along with five others. They were dubbed the &quot;Six gentlemen of the Hundred Days' Reform&quot; (&amp;#25098;&amp;#25100;&amp;#20845;&amp;#21531;&amp;#23376;).<br /> <br /> [[Category:Qing Dynasty]]<br /> [[Category:History of China]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese thinkers]]<br /> [[Category:1865 births]]<br /> [[Category:1898 deaths]]<br /> <br /> [[ja:譚嗣同]]<br /> [[zh:&amp;#35885;&amp;#21987;&amp;#21516;]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Olivia_Manning&diff=35231073 Olivia Manning 2006-01-15T04:11:26Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Olivia Manning''' (born [[March 2]], [[1908]] in [[Portsmouth]] &amp;#8211; died [[July 23]], [[1980]] on the [[Isle of Wight]]) was a noted British novelist. Her first novel, ''The Wind Changes'', was published in [[1937]].<br /> <br /> Olivia Manning is best known for ''[[Fortunes of War]]'', a narrative consisting of two trilogies (''The Balkan Trilogy'' and ''The Levant Trilogy'') chronicling the wartime experiences of a group of English expatriates who find themselves moving between [[Romania]], [[Greece]], [[Egypt]] and [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]] as [[World War II]] progresses.<br /> <br /> [[Anthony Burgess]] described ''Fortunes of War'' as &amp;#8216;the finest fictional record of the war produced by a British writer&amp;#8217;. Certainly, the first two volumes (''The Great Fortune'', published in [[1960]] and ''The Spoilt City'', published in [[1962]]) make compelling reading. Set against the background of [[Bucharest]] in early wartime, they have a superb period feel, chronicling the changes in Romanian society (and the lives of the British expatriate community) as the corrupt regime of [[Carol II of Romania|King Carol II]] tries unsuccessfully to keep Romania out of the war. The leading characters, Harriet and Guy Pringle (the latter a [[British Council]] lecturer and a passionate [[Communism|communist]]), are based on Manning herself and her husband R. D. Smith.<br /> <br /> [[Category:1908 births|Manning, Olivia]]<br /> [[Category:1980 deaths|Manning, Olivia]]<br /> [[Category:British novelists|Manning, Olivia]]<br /> <br /> {{Persondata<br /> |NAME=Manning, Olivia<br /> |ALTERNATIVE NAMES=<br /> |SHORT DESCRIPTION=novelist<br /> |DATE OF BIRTH=[[March 2]], [[1908]]<br /> |PLACE OF BIRTH=[[Portsmouth]]. [[England]]<br /> |DATE OF DEATH=[[July 23]], [[1980]]<br /> |PLACE OF DEATH=[[Isle of Wight]], [[England]]<br /> }}<br /> <br /> [[de: Olivia Manning]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empress_Dowager_Cixi&diff=34623161 Empress Dowager Cixi 2006-01-10T15:53:48Z <p>Perryso: /* Road to power */</p> <hr /> <div>:''[[Cixi]] redirects here. To see the city in [[Zhejiang]], [[Cixi City|click here]].''<br /> <br /> [[Image:陆23.JPG|thumb|275px|Empress Dowager Cixi (1835-1908)]]<br /> The '''Empress Dowager Cixi''' ({{zh-cp|c=&amp;#24904;&amp;#31143;&amp;#22826;&amp;#21518;|p=Cíx&amp;#464;}}; [[Wade-Giles]]: Tz'u-hsi) ([[November 29]], [[1835]] &amp;ndash;[[November 15]], [[1908]]), popularly known in [[China]] as the '''Western Empress Dowager''' (&amp;#35199;&amp;#22826;&amp;#21518;), and officially known posthumously as '''Empress Xiaoqin Xian''' (&amp;#23389;&amp;#27453;&amp;#39023;&amp;#30343;&amp;#21518;), was a powerful and charismatic figure who was the ''[[de facto]]'' ruler of the [[Manchu]] [[Qing Dynasty]], ruling over [[China]] for most of the period from [[1861]] to her death in [[1908]].<br /> <br /> Historians consider that she probably did her best to cope with the difficulties of the era but her conservative attitudes did not serve her well and the [[Western countries|Western]] [[power (international)|powers]] continued to take advantage of the country's relatively low level of technological development.<br /> <br /> Cixi was a major concubine of the Emperor [[Xianfeng]] (咸丰皇帝). Soon after Emperor Xianfeng died in 1861, Cixi along with Empress [[Ci'an]] (慈安太后)became regents for the deceased emperor's boy. The two Dowager Empresses, counseled by the late Emperor's brother, maintained this position until 1873 when Emperor [[Tongzhi]] (同治皇帝)came of age.<br /> <br /> Two years later, the young man was dead. Cixi violated the normal succession and had her three year old nephew named the new heir. The two Dowager Empresses continued as regents until the death of Ci'an, the other Dowager Empress, in 1881, when Cixi became the de facto ruler of China.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> When Emperor [[Guangxu]] (光绪皇帝), the nephew, attained maturity, Cixi retired to the country, though she kept herself informed through a network of spies. After China lost the Sino-Japanese war (1894-1895), [[Guangxu]] implemented many reforms in what came to be known as the &quot;Hundred Days' Reform.&quot; In reaction, Cixi worked with the military and conservative forces to stage a coup and take power again as active regent, confining the emperor to his palace.<br /> <br /> The next year, Cixi supported the forces behind the Boxer Rebellion, an anti-reform and anti-foreign rebellion. When foreign troops retaliated by entering the Forbidden City and capturing [[Beijing|Peking]] (Beijing), Cixi accepted the offered peace terms. As appeasement, she eventually implemented the reforms that she'd stopped her nephew from instituting. She continued to rule, her power much diminished, until her death in 1908. Emperor Guangxu died as she was dying, reportedly poisoned at her direction.<br /> <br /> Her actual power surpassed that of another great Queen who was her contemporary, England's Queen Victoria. In addition to her part in the politics of her day, she's also remembered for her patronage of the arts including the opera, and the founding of the [[Beijing Zoo|Peking Zoological Garden]] in [[1906]], later the first zoo to breed the giant panda.<br /> <br /> ==Youth==<br /> <br /> [[Image:Tzu-Hsi5.jpg|thumb|right|105px|兰贵人]]<br /> Recent biographies of Cixi usually state that she was the daughter of a low-ranking [[Manchu]] official, Huizheng (&amp;#24800;&amp;#24449;), of the [[Yehe-Nara]] clan, serving in [[Shanxi]] province and then in [[Anhui]] province. Her mother, the principal wife of Huizheng, was the Lady Fuca, of the [[Manchu]] Fuca clan. Recent biographies are unable to decide where exactly Cixi was born. She is supposed to have spent most of her early life in [[Anhui]] (after a brief period in [[Shanxi]]), and then moved to Peking at an unknown age between her third and her fifteenth birthday. According to biographers, her father was sacked from civil service in [[1853]] (Cixi was already a concubine inside the [[Forbidden City]] at that time), allegedly for not resisting the [[Taiping Rebellion]] in [[Anhui]] province and deserting his post. Some biographers even state that her father was beheaded for his desertion.<br /> <br /> However, in the last 20 years, with the opening-up of society inside [[China]], new stories have emerged. Following claims by families of farmers living near the city of [[Changzhi]] (&amp;#38271;&amp;#27835;) in [[Shanxi]] province, a 10-year inquiry was conducted by a team led by Liu Qi (&amp;#21016;&amp;#22855;), the director of the Bureau of local chronicles for the City of Changzhi. The results of the inquiry were published in 1999 in a book in [[Chinese language|Chinese]] titled ''Cracking the Mystery of Cixi's Youth'' (&amp;#12298;&amp;#25581;&amp;#24320;&amp;#24904;&amp;#31143;&amp;#31461;&amp;#24180;&amp;#20043;&amp;#35868;&amp;#12299;). Backed by 38 pieces of evidence gathered from local farmer families as well as from historical documents, this work is an earthshaking contribution to the history of Cixi, and is disturbing many long-held postulates. Liu Qi's inquiry has nonetheless been accepted as accurate by a significant part of the Chinese historical community, and has received a prize from the Art Research Institute of the [[People's Republic of China]] in 1999.<br /> <br /> [[Image:懿贵妃.jpg|thumb|250px|懿贵妃 Imperial Concubine Yi (Cixi)]]<br /> <br /> According to Liu Qi's findings, Cixi was born in [[1835]] in the village of Xipo (&amp;#35199;&amp;#22369;&amp;#26449;), located inside the township of Beicheng (&amp;#21271;&amp;#21576;&amp;#20065;), in Changzhi [[County of China|county]] (&amp;#38271;&amp;#27835;&amp;#21439;), depending from the [[prefecture-level city]] of [[Changzhi]] (&amp;#38271;&amp;#27835;&amp;#24066;), then called Lu'an [[Zhou (political division)|prefecture]] (&amp;#28510;&amp;#23433;&amp;#24220;), [[Shanxi]] province. The village of Xipo lies approximately 20 km/12 miles from downtown Changzhi. Cixi was born in a family of [[Han Chinese]] farmers, the Wang family, and was given the name Xiaoqian. Her original name was thus Wang Xiaoqian (&amp;#29579;&amp;#23567;&amp;#35609;). Her mother died soon, and the family being extremely poor, 4-year-old Cixi was sold by her father to Song Siyuan (&amp;#23435;&amp;#22235;&amp;#20803;), a farmer from the neighboring village of Shangqin (&amp;#19978;&amp;#31206;&amp;#26449;), in Haojiazhuang township (&amp;#37085;&amp;#23478;&amp;#24196;&amp;#20065;), Changzhi county. Selling of children was common in 19th century China in poor families. In the Song family, Cixi was given a new given name, Ling'e, so that her name was now Song Ling'e (&amp;#23435;&amp;#40801;&amp;#23077;). Cixi spent her pre-teenage years among the Song family. However, the Song family was soon met with hardship and found itself in dire needs. Consequently, 12-year-old Cixi was sold by her adopted father Song Siyuan to the prefect of Lu'an, a Manchu official called Huizheng who was mentioned previously. Cixi was purchased by Huizheng to become a servant maid for his house, but soon enough her beauty was such that she was adopted by Huizheng, and became part of the [[Yehe-Nara]] clan. She was given the name Yulan (&amp;#29577;&amp;#34349; - &quot;Jade Orchid&quot;) by her new family, shortened to Lanr (&amp;#34349;&amp;#20818; - &quot;Orchid&quot;) in everyday life. She became known as the Lady Yehenara in formal occasions.<br /> <br /> [[Image:Mms7858dd20030942213.jpg|thumb|left|The Empress's Official Portrait]]<br /> <br /> These findings are properly earthshaking, because if true they would mean that Cixi was not of [[Manchu]] ethnicity, as has always been assumed, but was [[Han Chinese]]. The [[Qing]] Imperial House itself would then have been fooled into thinking that the young Lady Yehenara was Manchu when she was admitted inside Peking's [[Forbidden City]]. It was always assumed that the reason why Cixi had no [[bound feet]] was because she was [[Manchu]] (Manchu girls, unlike their [[Han Chinese]] counterparts, did not undergo the binding of feet), but after Liu Qi's findings it appears that the probable reason is because her Han Chinese family was too low in the social ladder to be concerned with the binding of her feet (usually, the poorest Han Chinese families did not bind the feet of girls, no prospect of a marriage with a higher status family being possible whatsoever).<br /> <br /> Although Liu Qi's findings still need the test of time before being taken for granted, they would certainly explain a lot of what appeared before as oddities, such as the fact that Cixi did not speak a word of [[Manchu language|Manchu]] (although this was not totally unusual in 19th century Manchu elites), or the fact that she knew so well the folk songs of [[Shanxi]] province, or the numerous gifts that she gave to the inhabitants of Lu'an prefecture after she had become the absolute master of China. .<br /> <br /> ==Names==<br /> [[Image:慈禧皇太后.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Cixi in 1903]] <br /> Cixi had different names at different stages of her life, which could be quite confusing. Moreover, most of her Western biographers, who in general do not read [[Chinese language|Chinese]], frequently confuse these names.<br /> <br /> The name of Cixi at birth is still unresolved (see Youth section above). Upon her entrance into the [[Forbidden City]], Cixi was registered as &quot;the Lady Yehenara, daughter of Huizheng&quot; (&amp;#24800;&amp;#24449;). Thus she was called by the name of her clan, the [[Yehe-Nara]], as was customary for [[Manchu]] girls. Cixi was a secretive person, and she seldom talked about her childhood. After she came to power, the subject of her life before entering the palace was taboo, so it is no surprise that records of her original name as well as her youth were lost.<br /> <br /> When she entered the Forbidden City in September [[1851]] (or June [[1852]], depending on the source), Cixi was made a concubine of the fifth rank (&amp;#36020;&amp;#20154;), and she was given the name Lan (&amp;#34349; - meaning &quot;orchid&quot;). Her name was thus &quot;Concubine of the fifth rank Lan&quot; (&amp;#34349;&amp;#36020;&amp;#20154;). At the end of December [[1854]] or the beginning of January [[1855]], she was promoted to concubine of the fourth rank (&amp;#23338;), and her name was changed to Yi (&amp;#25087; - meaning &quot;virtuous&quot;). Her name then became &quot;Concubine of the fourth rank Yi&quot; (&amp;#25087;&amp;#23338;). On [[April 27]], [[1856]], she gave birth to a son, the only son of [[Xianfeng|Emperor Xianfeng]] (the empress consort had been unsuccessful in producing an heir), and was immediately made &quot;Concubine of the third rank Yi&quot; (&amp;#25087;&amp;#22915;). In February [[1857]] she was again elevated and made &quot;Concubine of the second rank Yi&quot; (&amp;#25087;&amp;#36020;&amp;#22915;).<br /> <br /> Towards the end of August [[1861]], following the death of Emperor Xianfeng, Cixi's five year-old son became the next emperor &amp;ndash; [[Tongzhi|Emperor Tongzhi]], whose reign officially started in [[1862]]). Cixi was made &quot;Holy Mother[[#Notes|&amp;sup1;]] Empress Dowager&quot; (&amp;#32854;&amp;#27597;&amp;#30343;&amp;#22826;&amp;#21518;), though she was not the empress consort while Emperor Xianfeng was alive. She was privileged to become [[empress dowager]] only because she was the biological mother of Emperor Tongzhi. She was also given the [[honorific name]] (&amp;#24509;&amp;#34399;) Cixi &amp;ndash; meaning &quot;motherly and auspicious&quot;. The former empress consort was made &quot;Empress Mother Empress Dowager&quot; (&amp;#27597;&amp;#21518;&amp;#30343;&amp;#22826;&amp;#21518;), a title giving her precedence over Cixi, and was given the honorific name [[Empress Dowager Ci'an|Ci'an]] &amp;ndash; meaning &quot;motherly and calming&quot;. As she dwelled in the western section of the Forbidden City, Cixi became popularly known as the Western Empress Dowager, while Ci'an became known as the Eastern Empress Dowager for the same reason.<br /> <br /> [[Image:CixiTitle1.jpg|thumb|left|200px]]<br /> <br /> On seven occasions since [[1861]], Cixi was given additional honorific names (two Chinese characters at a time), as was customary for emperors and empresses, until by the end of her reign her name was a long string of 16 characters starting with Cixi (as empress dowager she had the right to nine additions, giving a total of 20 characters, had she lived long enough for it). At her death, her official name was:<br /> <br /> :The Current Holy Mother Empress Dowager Cixi Duanyou Kangyi Zhaoyu Zhuangcheng Shougong Qinxian Chongxi[[#Notes|&amp;sup2;]] of the Empire of the Great Qing<br /> <br /> :(&amp;#22823;&amp;#28165;&amp;#22283;&amp;#30070;&amp;#20170;&amp;#24904;&amp;#31143;&amp;#31471;&amp;#20305;&amp;#24247;&amp;#38948;&amp;#26157;&amp;#35947;&amp;#33674;&amp;#35488;&amp;#22781;&amp;#24685;&amp;#27453;&amp;#29563;&amp;#23815;&amp;#29081;&amp;#32854;&amp;#27597;&amp;#30343;&amp;#22826;&amp;#21518;)<br /> <br /> The short form was:<br /> <br /> :The Current Holy Mother Empress Dowager of the Empire of the Great Qing<br /> <br /> :(&amp;#22823;&amp;#28165;&amp;#22283;&amp;#30070;&amp;#20170;&amp;#32854;&amp;#27597;&amp;#30343;&amp;#22826;&amp;#21518;)<br /> <br /> At the time, Cixi was also addressed as &quot;Venerable Buddha&quot; (&amp;#32769;&amp;#20315;&amp;#29242;) &amp;ndash; literally &quot;Master[[#Notes|&amp;sup3;]] Old Buddha&quot;. This was not a title created for her, as is often but wrongly stated by Western biographers, but an official form of address used for all the emperors of the [[Qing Dynasty]], who were devoted [[Buddhist]]s. Cixi liked to be treated like a man, and insisted on her subjects using words reserved for men when addressing her. As the de facto ruler of China, she was revered with the phrase &quot;Long Live the Empress Dowager for ten thousand years&quot;, by convention only used on Emperors, during official and ceremonial occasions. Empress dowagers usually enjoyed only &quot;a thousand years&quot; of long life.<br /> <br /> At her death in [[1908]], Cixi was given a [[posthumous name]] which combined her honorific names with new names added just after her death. This posthumous name is:<br /> <br /> :Empress Xiaoqin&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;[[#Notes|4]]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; Cixi Duanyou Kangyi Zhaoyu Zhuangcheng Shougong Qinxian Chongxi&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;[[#Notes|5]]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; Peitian Xingsheng&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;[[#Notes|6]]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; Xian&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;[[#Notes|7]]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt;<br /> <br /> :(&amp;#23389;&amp;#27453;&amp;#24904;&amp;#31143;&amp;#31471;&amp;#20305;&amp;#24247;&amp;#38948;&amp;#26157;&amp;#35947;&amp;#33674;&amp;#35488;&amp;#22781;&amp;#24685;&amp;#27453;&amp;#29563;&amp;#23815;&amp;#29081;&amp;#37197;&amp;#22825;&amp;#33288;&amp;#32854;&amp;#39023;&amp;#30343;&amp;#21518;)<br /> <br /> This long name is still the one that can be seen on Cixi's tomb today. The short form of her posthumous name is: <br /> <br /> :Empress Xiaoqin Xian<br /> <br /> :(&amp;#23389;&amp;#27453;&amp;#39023;&amp;#30343;&amp;#21518;)<br /> <br /> ==Road to power==<br /> [[Image:慈禧太后5.jpg|thumb|300px]]<br /> The young Lady Yehenara was registered by her parents with the Imperial Court, as was required for all the Manchu girls of the empire, in order to keep track of potential concubines for the emperor. In September [[1851]] (or June [[1852]], depending on sources), she was summoned to the [[Forbidden City]] with other Manchu girls to undergo a selection process, in order to provide concubines for the new emperor [[Xianfeng Emperor|Xianfeng]], under the supervision of Concubine Dowager Kangci (&amp;#24247;&amp;#24904;&amp;#30343;&amp;#36020;&amp;#22826;&amp;#22915;) (1812-1855). Lady Yehenara was one of the few girls selected by Concubine Dowager Kangci on that occasion. Concubine Dowager Kangci was the highest ranking surviving concubine of the late emperor [[Daoguang]], and so she was the woman with the highest status inside the [[Forbidden City]]. She was the ''de facto'' mother of Emperor Xianfeng, although not his biological mother. In 1840, at the death of Xianfeng's mother, Empress Xiaoquan Cheng (&amp;#23389;&amp;#20840;&amp;#25104;&amp;#30343;&amp;#21518;), the then concubine of the first rank Jing (&amp;#38748;&amp;#30343;&amp;#36020;&amp;#22915;) had raised the 8-year-old boy, and when he had become [[Emperor Xianfeng]] in [[1850]] at the death of [[Daoguang|Emperor Daoguang]], she had been made Concubine Dowager Kangci. She was thus in charge of selecting the empress and the concubines of Emperor Xianfeng. Concubine Dowager Kangci was also the biological mother of [[Prince Gong]] (&amp;#24685;&amp;#35242;&amp;#29579;), who would play an important role in the years to come.<br /> <br /> On April 27, [[1856]], Lady Yehenara, then Concubine of the fourth rank Yi, gave birth to a son, the only son of Emperor Xianfeng, to be named heir, and later [[Tongzhi Emperor]]. Her status inside the [[Forbidden City]] thus dramatically changed, and she became the second highest ranking woman in the palace, just behind the empress consort (later known as [[Empress Dowager Ci'an]]).<br /> <br /> On August 22, [[1861]], in the wake of the [[Second Opium War]], the Xianfeng Emperor died at the Rehe Traveling Palace (&amp;#29105;&amp;#27827;&amp;#34892;&amp;#23467;) in [[Chengde|Jehol]] (now Chengde), 230 [[km]] (140 miles) northeast of [[Beijing]], where the imperial court had fled. His heir, the son of the concubine Yi, was only 5 years old. According to many histrical fabrications from Backhouse and Morrison, many people believe that Lady Yehenara actually staged a coup to place her son on the throne. In fact, the Chinese Court sytem was so bound by rules and propriety that such would have been very difficult for anyone, and virtually impossible for a woman. Her husband and Emperor was on his deathbed, confined to his own quarters. By oder of his advisors, mainly Su Shun, no one other than officials were allowed to see him, especially not women. Because these same advisors were planning a coup and could, in the future, easily dispose of the Empresses and heir, Lady Yehenara for the first time found herself vulnerable. <br /> She went to fetch her son from his nanny and carried him into the Emperor's chambers. Had she been alone, she would not have been allowed inside. Since other officials were beside the Emperor, hoping that he would name an heir (as for Manchu it is not the first child, but appointment which inherits the throne), she placed her son beside his father and asked who would be the next Emperor. The dying Emperor appointed his son as heir and his two mothers as regents. Su Shun, along with other officials planning the coup were extrelemy displeased, and nominated themselves and the empresses as regents. As this was a huge break of etiquette, Su Shun, was treading dark waters. Officials had heard the emperor decree the Empresses as regents, bust still Su kept one of the official seals and gave the other one to the Empresses. For then next few months, Su would face resistance from the Empresses, who were ubeing advised by Prince Kung, and therefore he went through much trouble to &quot;convince&quot; them, at one point even withholding food from the Empresses quarters for 4 days. When all was over, the Empresses had Su Shun and his gang imprisoned and beheaded. Despite evidence, many people still believe that the beheading of these officials was simply Yehenara's consolidation of a coup for power that in truth never existed. She would now be known in History as Empress Dowager Cixi. Cixi became co-[[regent]] along with the less politically involved [[Empress Dowager Ci'an]], ruling behind the curtain (a court official required that the two co-regents, both women, attend imperial audiences behind a curtain). Cixi then ruled China for most of the period from [[1861]] until her death in [[1908]].<br /> <br /> ==Regency under Tongzhi==<br /> [[Image:Mms7858dd20020823821.jpg|thumb|200px]]<br /> For the next forty-seven years until her death in [[1908]], Cixi assumed the regency of the Empire of the Great Qing, along with co-regent Ci'an, first during the minority of the [[Tongzhi Emperor]], then during the minority of the [[Guangxu Emperor]] after the premature death of Tongzhi in January [[1875]]. Although in theory Ci'an had precedence over her, Cixi was the actual master of China.<br /> Ci'an seldom intervened in politics but inserted her will in what may have caused her death when she intervened in Cixi's politics in [[1869]]. The most feared grand [[eunuch]] of the imperial court [[An Dehai]] (&amp;#23433;&amp;#24503;&amp;#28023;), close confidant of Cixi, was on a trip south to buy some dragon robes for Cixi. While traveling in [[Shandong]] province, he used his power as an envoy of Cixi to extort money from people, which caused great trouble. The matter was reported to the court by the governor of Shandong, and Ci'an who heard about it ordered the immediate execution of An Dehai, who had been the all powerful figure at the imperial court until then. The execution of An Dehai is said to have greatly displeased Cixi. Even though she was in love with him.<br /> <br /> Cixi was perceived by the majority in modern China to have sidelined the naive and candid Ci'an and ruled as a sole authority in her need for power. However, some historians have painted a very different reality, mainly that Cixi was a shrewd and intelligent woman who was ready to make sacrifices and work hard in order to obtain the supreme power, and who faced the complex problems that were besetting China at the time, while Ci'an was indulging in an easy life and did not care as much for government and hard work as she cared for her pleasures and sweet life inside the Forbidden City. As often, reality may lie in between these two extreme visions.<br /> <br /> ==Securing absolute power==<br /> [[Image:Mms7858dd20020823826.jpg|left|thumb|300px|The Dowager Empress Cixi with the Guangxu Emperor's Empress: 隆裕皇后 (right) and Concubine: 瑾妃 (left)]]<br /> Empress Dowager Ci'an died suddenly on [[April 8]], [[1881]], during an audience at the court. Rumors that her sudden death after a life of excellent health was a result of poisoning by Cixi started more than sixty years after the fact happened. At the time, Cixi herself was ill, with a liver condition that kept her in bed for 2 years. It is in court records that Cian died of viral flu. The death of Empress Dowager Ci'an gave sole power to Empress Cixi as remaining regent.<br /> <br /> ==Crisis with Guangxu==<br /> <br /> Guangxu's coming of age when he was seventeen meant Cixi would relinquish her powers. The [[1st Prince Chun]], however, had continually insisted that Cixi continue the regency.<br /> <br /> ==Overview of politics==<br /> <br /> [[Image:Cixi3.jpg|thumb|300px|The Dowager Empress with her Ladies-in-Waiting]]<br /> <br /> While seeking China's &quot;self-strengthening&quot; through strictly-controlled industrial and military growth, she opposed attempts at political modernization, staging a ''[[coup d'etat]]'' ([[September 21]], [[1898]]) against the political influence of the [[Guangxu Emperor]] to end the [[Hundred Days' Reform]]. Cixi's contribution to the self-strengthening movement, though, could be frustratingly two-sided. Whilst she supported economic and military modernisation, approving the construction of railways and factories and encouraging use of Western weapons and tactics, she was capable of holding back the programme through relatively simple acts. For her 60th birthday in 1895, Cixi relocated the astronomical sum of 30 million taels of silver, which had been earmarked for the construction of ten new warships, to pay for her birthday party. The Chinese Navy had recently lost most of its modern warships in the 1894 [[Sino-Japanese War]], and urgently needed the money to rebuild a high-tech fleet. However, instead of using the money to safeguard China's military security, Cixi instead chose to use the money for a party.<br /> <br /> In [[1900]], Cixi's support of the self-strengthening movement was again called into question when the [[Boxer Rebellion]] broke out in northern China. Eager to preserve traditional Chinese values, Cixi threw in her lot with the rebels, making an official announcement of her support for the movement. When the Westerners responded by dispatching the [[Eight-Nation Alliance]], the Chinese military, badly underdeveloped due to Cixi's habit of filching military funds, was unable to prevent the high-tech Allied army from marching on Peking and seizing the [[Forbidden City]]. Determined to prevent another Chinese rebellion, the Western powers inposed a humiliating treaty on China, and Cixi, with no military forces capable of protecting even her own palace, was forced to sign. The treaty demanded the presence of an international military force in China and the payment of [[Pound sterling|£]]67 million in [[reparations]]. <br /> <br /> Cixi died on [[November 15]], [[1908]], after having installed [[Puyi]] as the new emperor of the [[Qing Dynasty]] on November 14.<br /> <br /> ==Tomb==<br /> <br /> Cixi was interred amidst the [[Eastern Qing Tombs]] (&amp;#28165;&amp;#26481;&amp;#38517;), 125 [[km]] (75 miles) east of [[Beijing]], in the Dingdongling (&amp;#23450;&amp;#26481;&amp;#38517;) tomb complex (literally: the &quot;Tombs east of the Dingling tomb&quot;), along with [[Empress Dowager Ci'an]]. More precisely, Ci'an lies in the Puxiangyu Dingdongling (&amp;#26222;&amp;#31077;&amp;#23786;&amp;#23450;&amp;#26481;&amp;#38517;) (literally: the &quot;Tomb east of the Dingling tomb in the Vale of wide good omen&quot;), while Cixi built herself the much larger Putuoyu Dingdongling (&amp;#33769;&amp;#38464;&amp;#23786;&amp;#23450;&amp;#26481;&amp;#38517;) (literally: the &quot;Tomb east of the Dingling tomb in the Vale of Putuo&quot;). The Dingling tomb (literally: the &quot;Tomb of quietude&quot;) is the tomb of the [[Xianfeng Emperor]], the emperor of Ci'an and Cixi, which is located indeed west of the Dingdongling. The Vale of Putuo owes its name to Mount Putuo (literally: the &quot;Mountain of the [[mantra#Mantra in Buddhism|Dharani]] of the Site of the [[Buddha]]'s [[Bodhi|Enlightenment]]&quot;), at the foot of which the Dingdongling is located.<br /> <br /> Cixi, unsatisfied with her tomb, ordered its destruction and reconstruction in [[1895]]. The new tomb was a lavish grandiose complex of temples, gates, and pavilions, covered with gold leaves, and with gold and gilded-bronze ornaments hanging from the beams and the eaves. In July [[1928]], Cixi's tomb was occupied by [[warlord]] and [[Kuomintang]] general [[Sun Dianying]] (&amp;#23403;&amp;#27583;&amp;#33521;) and his army who methodically stripped the complex of its precious ornaments, then dynamited the entrance to the burial chamber, opened Cixi's coffin, threw her corpse (said to have been found intact) on the floor, and stole all the jewels contained in the coffin, as well as the massive pearl that had been placed in Cixi's mouth to protect her corpse from decomposing (in accordance with Chinese tradition). The large pearl on Cixi's crown was offered by Sun Dianying to [[Kuomintang]] leader [[Chiang Kai-shek]] and ended up as an ornament on the gala shoes of Chiang's wife, the famous [[Soong May-ling]]. <br /> <br /> After [[1949]], the complex of Cixi's tomb was restored by the [[People's Republic of China]], and it is still today one of the most impressive imperial tombs of China.<br /> <br /> ==Historical opinion==<br /> [[Image:250854401.jpg|thumb|left|206px]]<br /> The traditional view is that Cixi was a devious [[despot]] who maintained a deathgrip on what little power she had until that power faded out completely. Three years after her death, the Qing dynasty was itself overthrown in the [[Xinhai Revolution]]. However, some authors, such as [[Sterling Seagrave]] in his biography ''The Dragon Lady'' maintain a far more positive view of Cixi, arguing that she has been unfairly maligned and when seen more closely, her actions were reasonable responses to the difficulties that China faced. Another sympathetic account can be found in [[Anchee Min]]'s historical novel ''Empress Orchid'' (2004). The [[China Central Television]] production [[Towards the Republic]] (&amp;#36208;&amp;#21521;&amp;#20849;&amp;#21644;) portrayed Cixi as a capable ruler, albeit not entirely positive -- for the first time in the history of Mainland Chinese television, although it also clearly demonstrated her political views as very conservative. While considering her frequent portrayal as a despot, one must bear in mind the traditional Confucian idea widely held in her day that women in general, and especially influential women, caused trouble and were not to be trusted (a similar demonisation has occurred with [[Empress Wu]] of the [[Tang Dynasty]]). <br /> <br /> [[Katherine Carl]], a painter who spent some ten months with the Empress Dowager Cixi in [[1903]] to paint Cixi's portrait for the [[St. Louis Exposition]], wrote a book about her experience, &lt;i&gt;With the Empress Dowager&lt;/i&gt;, published in [[1905]]. In the book's introduction, Carl says she wrote the book because &quot;After I returned to America, I was constantly seeing in the newspapers (and hearing of) statements ascribed to me which I never made.&quot;<br /> <br /> In her book, Carl describes the Empress Dowager Cixi as a kind and considerate woman for her station. Cixi, though shrewd, had great presence, charm, and graceful movements resulting in &quot;an unusually attractive personality.&quot; Cixi loved dogs and had a kennel maintained by [[eunuch]]s at the [[Summer Palace]] where she had &quot;some magnificent specimens of [[Pekingese|Pekingese pugs]] and of a sort of [[Skye Terrier|Skye terrier]].&quot; She did not like cats and some of the eunuchs who had cats made sure to keep them &quot;within rigid bounds, on no condition allowing them to come within Her Majesty's ken.&quot; Cixi enjoyed flowers and the staff of the Summer Palace ensured the rooms and courtyards were kept properly dressed with cut flowers.<br /> <br /> [[Image:慈禧油画.jpg|thumb|261px]]<br /> The Empress Dowager understood loyalty and practiced it with her retinue. Carl while describing the Palace staff says:<br /> &quot;Among these is a Chinese woman who nursed Her Majesty through a long illness, about twenty-five years since, and saved her life by giving her mother's milk to drink. Her Majesty, who never forgets a favor, has always kept this woman in the Palace. Being a Chinese, she had bound feet. Her Majesty, who cannot bear to see them even, had her feet unbound and carefully treated, until now she can walk comfortably. Her Majesty has educated the son, who was an infant at the time of her illness, and whose natural nourishment she partook of. This young man is already a Secretary in a good [[yamen]] (government office).&quot;<br /> <br /> Cixi enjoyed boating on the lake at the Summer Palace, walks through the gardens and grounds of the Palace (actually the Imperial family rode in [[sedan chair]]s so the eunuchs did the majority of the walking), and presentations of [[Chinese opera]] in the Summer Palace Opera house. Cixi smoked Chinese water pipes as well as European cigarettes through a [[cigarette holder]]. At an age of 69, Cixi was in sufficiently good physical shape that when providing a tour of the Summer Palace Opera House to Carl, Cixi &quot;mounted the steep and difficult steps with as much ease and lightness as I did, and I had on comfortable European shoes, while she wears the six-inch-high Manchu sole in the middle of her foot, and must really walk as if on stilts.&quot;<br /> <br /> A film called ''[[Lover of the Last Empress]]'' (&amp;#24904;&amp;#31143;&amp;#31192;&amp;#23494;&amp;#29983;&amp;#27963;, 1995) was made about her path to become the ruler of the Empire.<br /> <br /> ==Reference==<br /> <br /> *''Dragon Lady: The Life and Legend of the Last Empress of China'' by [[Sterling Seagrave]], Vintage Books, New York, 1992 ISBN 0-679-73369-8 This book challenges the notion that the Empress-Dowager used the Boxers. She is portrayed sympathetically.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> <br /> * [[Names of the Empress Dowager Cixi]]<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> <br /> *http://womenshistory.about.com/library/bio/blbio_cixi.htm?terms=cixi<br /> *http://www.royalty.nu/Asia/China/TzuHsi.html<br /> *http://www.kings.edu/womens_history/tzuhsi.html<br /> *http://www.tydao.com/suwu/lishi/cxss.htm - Article about the book &quot;Cracking the Mystery of Cixi's Youth&quot; (Chinese)<br /> *http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/eastasia/headland-courtlife.html - Primary Source Information about Empress Dowager Cixi<br /> <br /> [[Category:1835 births|Cixi, Empress Dowager]]<br /> [[Category:1908 deaths|Cixi, Empress Dowager]]<br /> [[Category:Qing Dynasty empresses|Cixi, Empress Dowager]]<br /> [[Category:Regents|Cixi, Empress Dowager]]<br /> <br /> [[ca:Cixi]]<br /> [[da:Enkekejserinde Cixi]]<br /> [[de:Kaiserinwitwe Cixi]]<br /> [[es:Cixi]]<br /> [[fr:Cixi]]<br /> [[nl:Cixi]]<br /> [[nds:Cixi]]<br /> [[ja:西太后]]<br /> [[no:Cixi]]<br /> [[pl:Cixi]]<br /> [[pt:Tseu-Hi]]<br /> [[fi:Cixi]]<br /> [[zh:慈禧太后]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Siglas_poveiras&diff=17953834 Siglas poveiras 2005-07-01T12:56:39Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>[[image:Siglaspoveirasbase.png|thumb|300px|Siglas Poveiras that serve as a base to most used symbols.]]<br /> The '''siglas poveiras''' also known as '''marcas''' (marks) are considered a proto-writing system because they are a very rudimentary visual communication system used by the [[fisherman|fishermen]] of [[Póvoa de Varzim]] in Portugal throughout the centuries. To write these symbols, a razor was used and they were normally written on wood, but sometimes were painted on boats and beach sheds.<br /> <br /> The siglas were used until very recently. Their development is attributed to [[Viking]]s that settled in the town more than a thousand years ago and this form of primitive writing developed in the fishermen community of Póvoa de Varzim. These runes were used as family coat-of-arms or signature, primarily to mark family belongings. They are still very similar to a [[Scandinavia]]n tradition of using specific ''bomärken'' (&quot;homestead marks&quot;) for signatures and for marking property.<br /> <br /> In the past, the siglas were also used to remember things, and they have been known as Póvoa's &quot;writing system&quot;. Used because many fishermen did not know how to write in the Latin alphabet, siglas thus acquired great utility. Merchants used them in their books of credit, for example, and the siglas were read as we today read a name written in the Latin alphabet.<br /> [[image:Bomärke.png|thumb|230px|1. is the mark of the Icelander Ormur Ketilsson (1369), 2. is the mark of the Icelander Þórður Snorrason (1439), 3. is the mark of the Swedish court judge Sweder Scalle (1413) and 4. is the mark of a stonemason in [[Uppsala Cathedral]], Sweden]]<br /> <br /> The Siglas were first studied by António de Santos Graça in his book ''Epopeia dos Humildes'' (&quot;The Odyssey of the Humble&quot;). Published in [[1952]], the book contains hundreds of siglas and the history and maritime tragedy of Póvoa. These runes can still be found in the new Igreja Matriz of Póvoa de Varzim (mother church since [[1757]]) and in the Lapa Church, in the Chapel of Santa Cruz (in the parish of Balazar) and in some religious places in Northwest [[Iberian Peninsula]] (mainly in [[Minho]] region, but also in [[Spain]], where the inhabitants of Póvoa loved to travel and pray, leaving their marks so other inhabitants who would visit the place in the future would know they had been there). The siglas are still used, but less often by some families. A table in the old Church of Misericórdia that had the function of a mother church until 1757 kept thousands of siglas that would aid in a deeper study of the siglas poveiras, but these were destroyed when the church was demolished. The ''poveiros'' (inhabitants of Póvoa de Varzim) wrote their sigla in the table of the mother church when they got married, as a way of memorializing the event.<br /> <br /> The siglas were not simply invented; these were passed on through generations. The base family sigla was passed from the father to the youngest son, in Póvoa de Varzim’s tradition, the heir of the family is the younger son, to the other children were given the sigla with a trace (the ''pique''). Thus, the older son would have one pique, the second two and so on, until the younger son that would have the original sigla, inheriting the same symbol as his father.<br /> <br /> Analyses were made to demonstrate if families actually used the same symbols through generations due to some supposed inconsistencies in some families. It became known that the inconsistencies had historical or genealogical motivations and were demonstrated that these symbols were inherited through generations and preserved as part of Póvoa's local traditions. Hundreds of different marks were studied, which lead to 84 different original families.<br /> <br /> [[Image:Ala-arriba.jpg|thumb|center|600px|representation of Siglas Poveiras in an Azulejo.]]<br /> ==See also==<br /> *[[Runic alphabet]]<br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://www.povoadevarzim.com.pt/fotografias/siglaspvz/mini_s2.gif Families (part one)]<br /> *[http://www.povoadevarzim.com.pt/fotografias/siglaspvz/mini_s3.gif Families (part two)]<br /> <br /> [[pt:Siglas Poveiras]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Runology]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qian_Zhongshu&diff=11817894 Qian Zhongshu 2005-01-20T17:19:20Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Qian Zhongshu''' (&amp;#38065;&amp;#38047;&amp;#20070;; [[Pinyin]]: Qián Zh&amp;#333;ngsh&amp;#363;, [[WG]]: Ch'ien Chung-shu) ([[1910]] - [[December 19]], [[1998]]) was a [[China|Chinese]] [[writer]] and scholar, born in [[Wuxi]] &amp;#65288;&amp;#26080;&amp;#38177;&amp;#65289;.<br /> <br /> He was one of the most well-known Chinese authors to the Western world. Graduating from [[Tsinghua University]] in [[Beijing]] in 1933, Qian continued his studies in [[University of Oxford|Oxford University]] ([[Exeter College, Oxford|Exeter College]]) in [[United Kingdom|Britain]], and later [[University of Paris]] in [[France]]. He returned to China in 1938 and became a professor at Tsinghua University. <br /> <br /> His most famous novel, ''[[Fortress Besieged]]'' (&amp;#22260;&amp;#22478;), was then published in 1947. His other works include ''Men-Beasts-Ghosts'' (&amp;#20154;&amp;#20861;&amp;#39740;) and ''The Marginalia of Life'' (&amp;#20889;&amp;#22312;&amp;#20154;&amp;#29983;&amp;#36793;&amp;#19978;).<br /> <br /> He also wrote elaborate notes on [[Chinese classic texts|Chinese classics]], showing his erudition and insight into a comparative study of different cultures. For all of this, literature was not his primary employment, he was the translator for much of [[Mao Zedong]]'s collected works, which occupied most of the remainder of his active professional life. Only recently have translations of his earlier works become widely available, though ''Fortress Besieged'' was adapted into a television mini-series in China in 1990.<br /> <br /> His magnum opus is the five volume [[Guanzhui Bian]] &amp;#65288;&amp;#31649;&amp;#38181;&amp;#32534;&amp;#65289;, literally the ''Pipe-Awl Collection'', translated into English as ''Limited Views''. Begun in the 1980s and published in its current form in the mid-1990s, this is an extensive collection of short essays on poetics, semiology, literary history and related topics written in an erudite classical style. Qian's command of the cultural traditions of Classical and Modern Chinese, Ancient Greek, Latin, English, German, French, Italian and Spanish allows him to construct a towering structure of polyglot and cross-cultural allusions. Qian take as the basis of this work a range of Chinese classical texts, including the [[''Classic of Poetry'']] (&amp;#35433;&amp;#32147; Sh&amp;#299; J&amp;#299;ng), the [[''Tao Te Ching'']] (&amp;#36947;&amp;#24503;&amp;#32147; Dao De Jing), the Complete Prose of the Pre-Tang, and from neglected details in these works finds points of connections with works from other literatures.<br /> <br /> His wife, [[Yang Jiang]], is also an author, best known for her translation of ''[[Don Quixote]]'' into Chinese.<br /> <br /> [[zh:&amp;#38065;&amp;#38202;&amp;#20070;]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:1910 births]]<br /> [[Category:1998 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese writers]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Bagby&diff=8458707 Benjamin Bagby 2004-12-15T14:42:47Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>Benjamin Bagby is a singer, harper, and groundbreaking performer of medieval music. Educated at Oberlin and the Schola Cantorum in Basel, Mr. Bagby founded the ensemble Sequentia with Barbara Thornton in 1977. This group takes an innovative approach to medieval repetoires, especially with respect to their treatment of mode: they rely on the harmonic qualities of their voices to guide them through the different modes. Sequentia has released many fine recordings, most of them on Harmonia Mundi. During the 1990's, the group specialized in the music of Hildegard von Bingen; many of their most famous recordings are from this period. The group has also performed music written in the 12th century from the musical centers Santiago de Compostella, Aquitaine, and Notre Dame. More recently, Sequentia has been performing music from other areas of Europe: they have recreated the ancient performance practice of the Icelandic Edda and German music from the 10th and 11th century on their recent recording &quot;Lost Songs of a Rhineland Harper&quot;. Mr. Bagby recently married Croatian chant scholar Katarina Livljanic.</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phillips_Exeter_Academy&diff=8490658 Phillips Exeter Academy 2004-12-15T14:25:59Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style=&quot;float:right&quot;&gt;[[image:Campus.jpg]]&lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> '''Phillips Exeter Academy''' (also called Exeter or PEA) is a [[co-educational]] independent [[boarding school]] located on 471 acres (1.9 km&amp;sup2;) in [[Exeter, New Hampshire]], one hour north of [[Boston]]. It is considered by many to be the finest secondary school in the [[United States]]. Phillips Exeter currently has the largest endowment of any [[secondary school]] in the United States at a market value of $563,634,089 (per Tax Form 990). In the fall of 2004, Exeter announced a capital-raising program: Exeter Initiatives. Exeter Initiatives is the most ambitious capital-raising progam in the history of secondary schools; it is intended to raise $305,000,000.<br /> <br /> The school was established in [[1781]] by [[John Phillips (PEA)|John]] and Elizabeth Phillips. Due to this, it shares a long standing (and friendly) rivalry with its sister school, [[Phillips Academy]], also known as Andover.<br /> <br /> Like Andover, the Academy's primary [[Latin]] motto is ''Finis Origine Pendet'', meaning &quot;the end depends upon the beginning,&quot; and it is scrolled across the bottom of the school seal. The school's secondary motto, ''Non Sibi'', located in the sun, means &quot;not for one's self.&quot; Exeter graduates may, if they wish, purchase a class ring with the school seal with the text ''Sigill Phillip Exoniensis Academiae - Nov Han 1781'' surrounding it. The ''Deed of Gift'', written by John Phillips at the founding of the school, articulates a second pedagogical philosophy in addition to that of self-sacrifice: &quot;Though goodness without knowledge is weak and feeble, yet knowledge without goodness is dangerous.&quot; Every year, the headmaster is required to speak on this theme at the school's opening assembly.<br /> <br /> Since a 1930 gift by the oil magnate and philanthropist [[Edward Harkness]], the Academy's principal mode of instruction has been by discussion, &quot;seminar style,&quot; around an oval table (known as the &quot;[[Harkness table]].&quot;) Classes are restricted to small sizes to encourage participation of all the students. <br /> <br /> Phillips Exeter has been co-educational since 1970. Prior to that time, it was an all-boys school. <br /> <br /> The Academy is also known for its uniquely modern library, designed by [[Louis Kahn]]. At present, the library houses 145,000 volumes and has a shelf capacity of 250,000 volumes. It has a quite unique architectural shape, being formed to resemble four books resting against each other.<br /> <br /> Philips Exeter was the inspiration for the Devon School in [[John Knowles]]' novels, ''[[A Separate Peace]]'' and ''[[Peace Breaks Out]]''. <br /> <br /> As Exeter, NH, was the birthplace of author [[John Irving]], it is said that the town and the school appears in many of his books, most notably, ''[[A Prayer for Owen Meany]]''.<br /> <br /> ==Notable Alumni==<br /> *[[Lewis Cass]] (1792)<br /> *[[Daniel Webster]] (1796)<br /> *[[John Adams Dix]] (1810)<br /> *[[George Bancroft]] (1811)<br /> *[[Franklin Pierce]] (1820)<br /> *[[Robert Todd Lincoln]] (1860)<br /> *[[Frederick Winslow Taylor]] (1874)<br /> *[[Booth Tarkington]] (1889)<br /> *[[James Agee]] (1928)<br /> *[[Pierre DuPont III]] (1930)<br /> *[[Adolph Coors III]] (1933)<br /> *[[Arthur Schlesinger Jr.]] (1933)<br /> *[[Joseph Coors]] (1935)<br /> *[[James T. Aubrey, Jr.]] (c. 1936)<br /> *[[Gore Vidal]] (1943)<br /> *[[George Plimpton]] (1944)<br /> *[[John Knowles]] (1945)<br /> *[[Pierre Dupont IV]] (1952)<br /> *[[Jay Rockefeller]] (1954)<br /> *[[Stewart Brand]] (1956)<br /> *[[H. John Heinz III]] (1956)<br /> *[[John Negroponte]] (1956)<br /> *[[Peter Benchley]] (1957)<br /> *[[Daniel Dennett]] (1959)<br /> *[[John Irving]] (1961)<br /> *[[Peter H. Coors]] (1965)<br /> *[[Judd Gregg]] (1965)<br /> *[[Kent Conrad]] (1966)<br /> *[[David Eisenhower]] (1966)<br /> *[[Fred Grandy]] (1966)<br /> *[[Joyce Maynard]] (1971)<br /> *[[Paul Klebnikov]] (1981)<br /> *[[Dan Brown]] (1982)<br /> *[[Chang-Rae Lee]] (1983)<br /> *Ming-qi Chu (2003)<br /> <br /> == External Links ==<br /> * [http://www.exeter.edu Philips Exeter Academy website]<br /> * [http://exeter.thomascochran.com PEA Alumni/ae website]<br /> * [http://library.exeter.edu/dept/Special/separate_peace/ Philips Exeter's &quot;A Separate Peace&quot; website]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qian_Zhongshu&diff=8741179 Qian Zhongshu 2004-12-13T06:55:59Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Qian Zhongshu''' (&amp;#38065;&amp;#38047;&amp;#20070;; [[Pinyin]]: Qián Zh&amp;#333;ngsh&amp;#363;, [[WG]]: Ch'ien Chung-shu) ([[1910]] - [[December 19]], [[1998]]) was a [[China|Chinese]] [[writer]] and scholar, born in [[Wuxi]] &amp;#65288;&amp;#26080;&amp;#38177;&amp;#65289;.<br /> <br /> He was one of the most well-known Chinese authors to the Western world. Graduating from [[Tsinghua University]] in [[Beijing]] in 1933, Qian continued his studies in [[University of Oxford|Oxford University]] ([[Exeter College, Oxford|Exeter College]]) in [[United Kingdom|Britain]], and later [[University of Paris]] in [[France]]. He returned to China in 1938 and became a professor at Tsinghua University. <br /> <br /> His most famous novel, ''[[Fortress Besieged]]'' (&amp;#22260;&amp;#22478;), was then published in 1947. His other works include ''Men-Beasts-Ghosts'' (&amp;#20154;&amp;#20861;&amp;#39740;) and ''The Marginalia of Life'' (&amp;#20889;&amp;#22312;&amp;#20154;&amp;#29983;&amp;#36793;&amp;#19978;).<br /> <br /> He also wrote elaborate notes on [[Chinese classic texts|Chinese classics]], showing his erudition and insight into a comparative study of different cultures. For all of this, literature was not his primary employment, he was the translator for much of [[Mao Zedong]]'s collected works, which occupied most of the remainder of his active professional life. Only recently have translations of his earlier works become widely available, though ''Fortress Besieged'' was adapted into a television mini-series in China in 1990.<br /> <br /> His magnum opus is the five volume [[Guanzhui Bian]] &amp;#65288;&amp;#31649;&amp;#38181;&amp;#32534;&amp;#65289;, or the Pipe-Awl Collection, a collection of short essays on comparative poetics, semiology, literary history and theory written in an erudite classical style. Qian's command of the cultural traditions of Classical and Modern Chinese, Ancient Greek, Latin, English, German, French, Italian and Spanish, is the unifying principle behind the gigantic web of cross-cultural allusions that he weaves in this work. The literary, historical and philosophical works referenced in Guanzhui Bian traverse all these languages.<br /> <br /> His wife, [[Yang Jiang]], is also an author, best known for her translation of ''[[Don Quixote]]'' into Chinese.<br /> <br /> [[zh:&amp;#38065;&amp;#38202;&amp;#20070;]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Chinese writers]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qian_Zhongshu&diff=8388427 Qian Zhongshu 2004-12-13T06:45:52Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Qian Zhongshu''' (&amp;#38065;&amp;#38047;&amp;#20070;; [[Pinyin]]: Qián Zh&amp;#333;ngsh&amp;#363;, [[WG]]: Ch'ien Chung-shu) ([[1910]] - [[December 19]], [[1998]]) was a [[China|Chinese]] [[writer]] and scholar, born in [[Wuxi]].<br /> <br /> He was one of the most well-known Chinese authors to the Western world. Graduating from [[Tsinghua University]] in [[Beijing]] in 1933, Qian continued his studies in [[University of Oxford|Oxford University]] ([[Exeter College, Oxford|Exeter College]]) in [[United Kingdom|Britain]], and later [[University of Paris]] in [[France]]. He returned to China in 1938 and became a professor at Tsinghua University. <br /> <br /> His most famous novel, ''Wei Cheng'' (''[[Fortress Besieged]]''), was then published in 1947. His other works include ''RenShouGui'' (''Men-Beasts-Ghosts'') and ''Xiezai Rensheng Bianshang'' (''The Marginalia of Life'').<br /> <br /> He also wrote elaborate notes on [[Chinese classic texts|Chinese classics]], showing his erudition and insight into a comparative study of different cultures. For all of this, literature was not his primary employment, he was the translator for much of [[Mao Zedong]]'s collected works, which occupied most of the remainder of his active professional life. Only recently have translations of his earlier works become widely available, though ''Fortress Besieged'' was adapted into a television mini-series in China in 1990.<br /> <br /> His magnum opus is the five volume [[Guanzhui Bian]] &amp;#65288;&amp;#31649;&amp;#38181;&amp;#32534;&amp;#65289;, or the Pipe-Awl Collection, which is a collection of short essays on comparative poetics, semiology, literary history, literary theory written in an erudite classical style. Literary, historical and philosophical works referenced in Guanzhui Bian traverse the languages of Classical and Modern Chinese, Ancient Greek, Latin, English, German, French, Italian and Spanish.<br /> <br /> His wife, [[Yang Jiang]], is also an author, best known for her translation of ''[[Don Quixote]]'' into Chinese.<br /> <br /> [[zh:&amp;#38065;&amp;#38202;&amp;#20070;]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Chinese writers]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carlos_Kleiber&diff=9442073 Carlos Kleiber 2004-12-13T06:37:12Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Carlos Kleiber''' ([[July 3]], [[1930]] - [[July 13]], [[2004]]) was an [[Austria]]n [[Conducting|conductor]].<br /> <br /> [[Image:Kleiber3.jpg]]<br /> <br /> Kleiber was born in [[Berlin]], the son of the conductor [[Erich Kleiber]]. As a boy, he moved to [[Buenos Aires]] with his father, who had resigned his post at the Berlin Opera in protest over the [[Nazi Party]]'s policies. He composed and played piano and timpani as a boy, and his musical talents were noted by his father, who nevertheless dissuaded him from pursuing a musical career. He studied chemistry in [[Zürich]], but soon decided to dedicate himself to music. He was repetiteur at the Gartnerplatz Theatre in [[Munich]] in 1952, and became [[kapellmeister]] at [[Potsdam]] in 1954. Between 1958 and 1964 he was kapellmeister at the Deutsche Oper am Rhein in Düsseldorf-Duisberg, and then at the Opera in Zürich from 1964 to 1966. Between 1966 and 1973 he was first kapellmeister in [[Stuttgart]], after which time he never held another permanent post. During the following years he was often seen in the pit at the Bayerische Staatsoper in [[Munich]].<br /> <br /> He made his [[Britain|British]] debut in 1966 with a performance at the [[Edinburgh Festival]] of [[Alban Berg]]'s [[opera]] &quot;[[Wozzeck]]&quot;, a work his father had conducted at its premiere in 1925. He made his [[Bayreuth]] debut in 1974 with a performance of [[Richard Wagner]]'s &quot;[[Tristan und Isolde]]. His [[United States|American]] debut came in 1978 with a legendary concert with the [[Chicago Symphony Orchestra]], and his [[New York]] [[Metropolitan Opera]] debut in 1988 with performances of [[Giacomo Puccini]]'s [[La Boheme]] with [[Luciano Pavarotti]] and [[Mirella Freni]] in the lead roles.<br /> <br /> Kleiber largely kept out of the public eye. After his resignation from the [[Stuttgart]] State Opera, his appearences became increasingly less frequent, and he made only a small number of recordings. Almost all those that he made, however, are regarded as very fine recordings, with his versions of [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]'s [[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|fifth]] and [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|seventh]] [[symphony|symphonies]] with the [[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] being near-legendary. Other notable recordings include [[Johannes Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 4]] and [[Franz Schubert]]'s [[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|third]] and [[Symphony No. 8 (Schubert|eighth]] (&quot;Unfinished&quot;) symphonies, also with the Vienna Philharmonic, recordings of [[Carl Maria von Weber]]'s &quot;[[Der Freischütz]],&quot; [[Johann Strauss]]' &quot;[[Die Fledermaus]],&quot; [[Giuseppe Verdi]]'s &quot;[[La Traviata]]&quot; and [[Richard Wagner]]'s &quot;[[Tristan und Isolde]].&quot;<br /> <br /> Kleiber's unique conducting style is preserved on video in a number of performances: [[Beethoven]]'s [[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|fourth]] and [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|seventh]] symphonies from the [[Concertgebouw]] in [[Amsterdam]], [[Johann Strauss]]' &quot;[[Die Fledermaus]]&quot; from [[Munich]], [[Richard Strauss]]' &quot;[[Der Rosenkavalier]]&quot; from both [[Munich]] and [[Vienna]], [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]'s [[Symphony No. 36 (&quot;Linz&quot;) (Mozart)|36th]] symphony and [[Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 2 (Brahms)|second]] symphony from the [[Musikverein, Vienna|Musikverein]] in [[Vienna]] and [[Beethoven]]'s [[Coriolan Overture]], [[Mozart]]'s [[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|33rd]] and [[Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|fourth]] symphonies from [[Munich]]. He led the [[Vienna New Year's Concert|New Year's Concert]] of the [[Vienna Philharmonic]] twice - in 1989 and 1992, and these are both preserved on video.<br /> <br /> He effectively retired from concert life in the early 1990s, occasionally appearing to give private concerts or benefit concerts. For one such event, instead of the usual fee, Kleiber received a new [[Audi]] made to his specifications. In the opinion of many of his colleagues and audiences who have experienced his meticulously rehearsed but ever spontaneous and inspired performances, this eccentric genius is perhaps the greatest conductor of his generation, despite the paucity of his appearences.<br /> <br /> He is buried in a [[Slovenia]]n village [[Konjsica|Konjšica]] near [[Litija]] (approx. 60 km east from [[Ljubljana]]) together with his wife [[Stanka Brezovar]], a [[ballet]] [[dancer]], who died 7 months earlier. He is survived by a son, Marko, and a daughter, Lillian.<br /> <br /> [[Category:1930 births|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> [[Category:2004 deaths|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> [[Category:Conductors|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> <br /> [[da:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[de:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[fr:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[it:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[ja:&amp;#12459;&amp;#12523;&amp;#12525;&amp;#12473;&amp;#12539;&amp;#12463;&amp;#12521;&amp;#12452;&amp;#12496;&amp;#12540;]]<br /> [[sl:Carlos Kleiber]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carlos_Kleiber&diff=8388078 Carlos Kleiber 2004-12-13T06:35:09Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Carlos Kleiber''' ([[July 3]], [[1930]] - [[July 13]], [[2004]]) was an [[Austria]]n [[Conducting|conductor]].<br /> <br /> [[Image:Kleiber3.jpg]]<br /> <br /> Kleiber was born in [[Berlin]], the son of the conductor [[Erich Kleiber]]. As a boy, he moved to [[Buenos Aires]] with his father, who had resigned his post at the Berlin Opera in protest over the [[Nazi Party]]'s policies. He composed and played piano and timpani as a boy, and his musical talents were noted by his father, who nevertheless dissuaded him from pursuing a musical career. He studied chemistry in [[Zürich]], but soon decided to dedicate himself to music. He was repetiteur at the Gartnerplatz Theatre in [[Munich]] in 1952, and became [[kapellmeister]] at [[Potsdam]] in 1954. Between 1958 and 1964 he was kapellmeister at the Deutsche Oper am Rhein in Düsseldorf-Duisberg, and then at the Opera in Zürich from 1964 to 1966. Between 1966 and 1973 he was first kapellmeister in [[Stuttgart]], after which time he never held another permanent post. During the following years he was often seen in the pit at the Bayerische Staatsoper in [[Munich]].<br /> <br /> He made his [[Britain|British]] debut in 1966 with a performance at the [[Edinburgh Festival]] of [[Alban Berg]]'s [[opera]] &quot;[[Wozzeck]]&quot;, a work his father had conducted at its premiere in 1925. He made his [[Bayreuth]] debut in 1974 with a performance of [[Richard Wagner]]'s &quot;[[Tristan und Isolde]]. His [[United States|American]] debut came in 1978 with a legendary concert with the [[Chicago Symphony Orchestra]], and his [[New York]] [[Metropolitan Opera]] debut in 1988 with performances of [[Giacomo Puccini]]'s [[La Boheme]] with [[Luciano Pavarotti]] and [[Mirella Freni]] in the lead roles.<br /> <br /> Kleiber largely kept out of the public eye. After his resignation from the [[Stuttgart]] State Opera, his appearences became increasingly less frequent, and he made only a small number of recordings. Almost all those that he made, however, are regarded as very fine recordings, with his versions of [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]'s [[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|fifth]] and [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|seventh]] [[symphony|symphonies]] with the [[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] being near-legendary. Other notable recordings include [[Johannes Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 4]] and [[Franz Schubert]]'s [[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|third]] and [[Symphony No. 8 (Schubert|eighth]] (&quot;Unfinished&quot;) symphonies, also with the Vienna Philharmonic, recordings of [[Carl Maria von Weber]]'s &quot;[[Der Freischütz]],&quot; [[Johann Strauss]]' &quot;[[Die Fledermaus]],&quot; [[Giuseppe Verdi]]'s &quot;[[La Traviata]]&quot; and [[Richard Wagner]]'s &quot;[[Tristan und Isolde]].&quot;<br /> <br /> Kleiber's unique conducting style is preserved on video in a number of performances: [[Beethoven]]'s [[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|fourth]] and [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|seventh]] symphonies from the [[Concertgebouw]] in [[Amsterdam]], [[Johann Strauss]]' &quot;[[Die Fledermaus]]&quot; from [[Munich]], [[Richard Strauss]]' &quot;[[Der Rosenkavalier]]&quot; from both [[Munich]] and [[Vienna]], [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]'s [[Symphony No. 36 (&quot;Linz&quot;) (Mozart)|36th]] symphony and [[Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 2 (Brahms)|second]] symphony from the [[Musikverein, Vienna|Musikverein]] in [[Vienna]] and [[Beethoven]]'s [[Coriolan Overture]], [[Mozart]]'s [[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|33rd]] and [[Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|fourth]] symphonies from [[Munich]]. He led the [[Vienna New Year's Concert|New Year's Concert]] of the [[Vienna Philharmonic]] twice - in 1989 and 1992, and these are both preserved on video.<br /> <br /> He effectively retired from concert life in the early 1990s, occasionally appearing to give private concerts or benefit concerts. For one such event, instead of the usual fee, Kleiber received a new [[Audi]] made to his specifications. In the opinion of many of his colleagues and audiences who have experienced his meticulously rehearsed but ever spontaneous and inspired performances, this eccentric genius is perhaps the greatest conductor of his generation, despite the paucity of his appearences.<br /> <br /> He is buried in a [[Slovenia]]n village [[Konjsica|Konjšica]] near [[Litija]] (approx. 60 km east from [[Ljubljana]]) together with his wife [[Stanka Brezovar]], a [[ballet]] [[dancer]], who died 7 months earlier. He is survived by a son, Marko, and a daughter, Lillian.<br /> <br /> [[Category:1930 births|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> [[Category:2004 deaths|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> [[Category:Conductors|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> <br /> [[da:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[de:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[fr:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[it:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[ja:&amp;#12459;&amp;#12523;&amp;#12525;&amp;#12473;&amp;#12539;&amp;#12463;&amp;#12521;&amp;#12452;&amp;#12496;&amp;#12540;]]<br /> [[sl:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[Image:Example.jpg]][[Image:Example.jpg]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yuan_Shikai&diff=8367811 Yuan Shikai 2004-12-12T16:24:47Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Yuan Shikai''' ([[traditional Chinese]]: &amp;#34945;&amp;#19990;&amp;#20977;; [[simplified Chinese]]: &amp;#34945;&amp;#19990;&amp;#20975;; [[pinyin]]: Yuán Shìk&amp;#462;i; [[Wade-Giles]]: Yüan Shih-k'ai) ([[September 16]], [[1859]] &amp;ndash; [[June 6]] [[1916]]) was a [[List of famous Chinese people|Chinese]] military official and politician during the late [[Qing Dynasty]] and the early [[Republic of China]]. He was infamous for taking advantage of both the Qing imperial court and the Republicans, and for his authoritarian control based on control of the military. <br /> <br /> His [[Chinese courtesy name|courtesy name]] (&amp;#23383;) was Weiting (&amp;#24944;&amp;#20141;, sometimes also spelled &amp;#24944;&amp;#24311; or &amp;#23561;&amp;#20141;). His [[Chinese courtesy name#Hao|pseudonym]] (&amp;#34399;) was Rong'an (&amp;#23481;&amp;#24245;).<br /> <br /> &lt;div style=&quot;float:right; width: 250px; padding:2px; margin-left: 1em; text-align:center&quot;&gt;<br /> [[Image:Yuan_Shi-Kai.jpg]]&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;''President Yuan Shikai''&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> Yuan Shikai was born in the village of Zhangying (&amp;#24373;&amp;#29151;&amp;#26449;), located in Xiangcheng county (&amp;#38917;&amp;#22478;&amp;#32291;), depending from Chenzhou prefecture (&amp;#38515;&amp;#24030;&amp;#24220;), [[Henan]] province. Xiangcheng county has now become the [[county-level city]] of [[Xiangcheng]] (&amp;#39033;&amp;#22478;&amp;#24066;), depending from the [[prefecture-level city]] of [[Zhoukou]] (&amp;#21608;&amp;#21475;&amp;#24066;). Chenzhou is now called [[Huaiyang]] (&amp;#28142;&amp;#38451;), but it is no more the head of the prefecture, having been replaced by Zhoukou. The village of Zhangying is located immediately north of downtown Xiangcheng. Shortly after Yuan's birth, Xiangcheng was threatened by the [[Nian Rebellion]] (&amp;#25467;&amp;#36557;&amp;#36215;&amp;#32681;) ([[1853]]-[[1868]]), and the Yuan family moved to a hilly area easier to defend, 16 km./10 miles southeast of downtown Xiangcheng, and there they built a fortified village, the village of Yuanzhai (&amp;#34945;&amp;#23528;&amp;#26449; - literally &quot;the fortified village of the Yuan family&quot;). The village of Yuanzhai is now located inside Wangmingkou township (&amp;#29579;&amp;#26126;&amp;#21475;&amp;#20065;), on the territory of the county-level city of Xiangcheng. The large countryside estate of the Yuan family in Yuanzhai was recently opened to tourism by the [[People's Republic of China]], and people inside China generally assume that Yuan Shikai was born in Yuanzhai. <br /> <br /> Yuan Shikai rose to fame by participating in the [[first Sino-Japanese War]] as the commander of the Chinese stationary forces in Korea. He fortunately avoided the humiliation of Chinese armies in the war when he was recalled to [[Beijing]] several days before the Chinese forces were attacked.<br /> <br /> By showing loyalty to [[Empress Dowager Cixi]], he was appointed the commander of the first [[new army]] in [[1895]]. Qing's court relied heavily on his army due to the proximity of its garrision to the capital and its effectiveness. Taking full advantage of this trust, Yuan became increasingly disrespecful to the court and switched sides between different parties for his own sole benefit. Especially after the [[coup d'etat]] ending the [[Hundred Days' Reform]], he became the mortal enemy of [[Guangxu Emperor of China|Guangxu Emperor]].<br /> <br /> He was granted the position of Minister of [[Beiyang]] (&amp;#21271;&amp;#27915;) (the modern regions of [[Liaoning]], [[Hebei]], and [[Shandong]] provinces) on [[June 25]] [[1902]]. Gaining the regard of foreigners when he helped to crush the [[Boxer Rebellion]], he successfully obtained numerous loans to expand his [[Beiyang Army]] into the [[New army|most powerful army]] in China. In January [[1909]], following the death of Cixi and Guangxu, he was relieved of all his posts by the regent, [[2nd Prince Chun]] (&amp;#37255;&amp;#35242;&amp;#29579;), probably under a secret will of Guangxu. The official reason advanced was that he was returning to his home in the village of Huanshang (&amp;#27961;&amp;#19978;&amp;#26449;), located in the suburbs of Zhangde [[Zhou (political division)|prefecture]] (&amp;#24432;&amp;#24503;&amp;#24220;), now called the [[prefecture-level city]] of [[Anyang]] (&amp;#23433;&amp;#38451;&amp;#24066;), [[Henan]] province, in order to treat a foot disease. He remained there for almost three years; however, he still maintained enormous influence in the Beiyang Army even after returning to Henan.<br /> <br /> In [[1911]]-[[1912]], Yuan played a critical role in the establishment of the [[Republic of China]]. Following the [[Wuchang Uprising]] on [[October 10]], [[1911]] in [[Hubei]] province, the southern provinces had declared independence from the Qing, but neither the northern provinces nor the Beiyang Army had any stance for or against the rebellion. Both the Qing court and Yuan fully knew that the Beiyang army was the only modern force powerful enough to quell the revolutionaries. On October 14, he was offered the post of [[viceroy]] of [[Hukwang]] (i.e. governor-general for the provinces of [[Hubei]] and [[Hunan]]), but he asked the court for full powers, which was refused by the regent, and so he declared he could not accept the post because &quot;the curing of his foot disease was not completely finished&quot;. The court renewed offers on October 27, and Yuan eventually left his village on October 30. At last on November 1st the court offered him the post of prime minister. On November 16, his cabinet was finally formed. Hence on the one hand Yuan was demanding the highest political status from the Qing court; on the other hand, his forces captured [[Hankou]] and [[Hanyang]] in [[November]] [[1911]] in preparation of attacking [[Wuchang]], thus forcing the revolutionaries to negotiate.<br /> <br /> &lt;div style=&quot;float:right; width: 250px; padding:2px; margin-left: 1em; text-align:center&quot;&gt;<br /> [[Image:Yuan shikai.jpg|300px|]]&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;''Emperor Yuan Shikai''&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> The revolutionaries had elected [[Sun Yat-Sen]], but they were in a militarily weak position, and so they reluctantly compromised with Yuan. Yuan fulfilled his promise to the revolutionaries and arranged for the abdication of the child emperor [[Puyi]] in return for being named the [[President of the Republic of China|President of the Republic]]. [[Cao Kun]], one of his entrusted subordinate &quot;Beiyang&quot; military commanders, fabricated a coup d'etat in [[Beijing]] and [[Tianjin]], apparently under Yuan's orders, to provide an excuse for Yuan not to leave his [[sphere of influence]] in Chih-li (today [[Hebei]] province). The revolutionaries compromised again, and the capital of the new republic was established in [[Beijing]].<br /> <br /> In [[February]] 1913, elections were held for the National Assembly in which the Chinese Nationalist Party or the [[Kuomintang]] (KMT) did very well. [[Sung Chiao-jen]], deputy in the KMT to Sun Yat-sen, zealously supported a cabinet system and was widely regarded as a candidate for Prime Minister. Yuan viewed Sung as a threat to his authority and, after Sung's [[assassination]] on [[March 20]] [[1913]], there was speculation in the media that Yuan was responsible.<br /> <br /> Tensions between the Kuomintang and Yuan continued to intensify, prompting Yuan to take over the government with his military power and to subsequently dissolve both the national and provincial assemblies. The Kuomintang attempted unsuccessfully to wage a &quot;Second Revolution&quot; against Yuan, but with the support of the army Yuan easily put down the revolt and caused the leaders of the Kuomintang, including Sun Yat-Sen, to flee into exile in Japan.<br /> <br /> Yuan then committed a major political blunder. He reinstated the monarchy, proclaiming himself the Emperor of the Chinese Empire (&amp;#20013;&amp;#21326;&amp;#24093;&amp;#22269;&amp;#30343;&amp;#24093;) under the [[Chinese era name|era name]] of Hongxian, for a brief period from [[December 12]], [[1915]] to [[March 22]], [[1916]]. This was opposed not only by the revolutionaries, but far more importantly by Yuan's subordinate military commanders, who believed that Yuan's assumption of the monarchy would allow him to rule without depending on the support of the military. Faced with universal opposition, Yuan backed down and died of kidney failure a few months later.<br /> <br /> <br /> == Evaluation and legacy ==<br /> <br /> With Yuan's death, China was left without any generally recognized central authority and the army quickly fragmented into forces of combatting [[warlord]]s. For this reason he is usually called the Father of the Warlords. It is not really correct to attribute the other characteristics of warlordism to his preference, since in his career as a military reformer he had attempted to create a modern army on the Japanese model. He demonstrated then that he understood how staff work, military education, and regular transfers of officer personnel fitted together to make a modern military organisation. After his return to power in 1911, however, he seemed willing to sacrifice everything in his imperial ambitions, and ruled by a combination of violence and bribery that destroyed the idealism of the early Republican movement. Since those who opposed Yuan could do so only from a territorial military base, Yuan's career as President and Emperor contributed greatly to China's subsequent political division.<br /> <br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;table border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;caption&gt;'''The Hongxian'''&lt;/caption&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;tr&gt;&lt;th style=&quot;background:#efefef;&quot;&gt;Personal Names&lt;/th&gt;<br /> &lt;th style=&quot;background:#efefef;&quot;&gt;Period of Reigns&lt;/th&gt;<br /> &lt;th style=&quot;background:#efefef;&quot;&gt;[[Chinese era name|era name]] (&amp;#24180;&amp;#34399;) and their according range of years&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;5&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;''All first names in '''bold'''.''&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Yuan '''Shikai''' &amp;#34945;&amp;#19990;&amp;#20977; Yuán Shìk&amp;#462;i&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td&gt;[[1916]]&lt;/td&gt;<br /> &lt;td&gt;Hongxian (&amp;#27946;&amp;#25010; Hóngxiàn) [[1916]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;<br /> <br /> See also: [[History of China]], [[History of the Republic of China]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:1859 births|Yuan Shikai]]<br /> [[Category:1916 deaths|Yuan Shikai]]<br /> <br /> [[de:Yuan Shikai]]<br /> [[nl:Yuan Shikai]]<br /> [[ja:&amp;#34945;&amp;#19990;&amp;#20977;]]<br /> [[fi:Yuan Shikai]]<br /> [[zh:&amp;#34945;&amp;#19990;&amp;#20975;]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Allen_Forte&diff=9878802 Allen Forte 2004-12-11T19:08:55Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Allen Forte''' (born [[December 23]], [[1926]]) is a [[musicologist]]. Professor Forte was born in Portland, Oregon and fought with the Navy at the close of World War II before moving to the east coast. Professor Forte is now Battell Professor of Music, Emeritus at Yale University. He is best known for his influtential book ''The Structure of Atonal Music'', in which he introduced a complete theory of what is now called pitch class set analaysis or [[musical set theory]]. Professor Forte is also known for his compelling analysis of the works of Webern and of ''Wozzeck'', as well as his writings on American popular song. Now in retirement, Professor Forte is travelling the world, giving lectures and seminars. He is married to pianist Madeleine Forte.<br /> <br /> He studied the theories of [[Heinrich Schenker]], [[Schenkerian analysis]].<br /> <br /> He is also the author of<br /> *(1995) ''The American Popular Ballad of the Golden Era 1924-1950''. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 069104399X.<br /> <br /> ==External link==<br /> *[http://www.allenforte.com/ AllenForte.com]<br /> <br /> [[Category:1926 births|Forte, Allen]]<br /> [[Category:Musicologists|Forte, Allen]]<br /> [[Category:Music theorists|Forte, Allen]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Allen_Forte&diff=8338201 Allen Forte 2004-12-11T19:07:31Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Allen Forte''' (born [[December 23]], [[1926]]) is a [[musicologist]]. Professor Forte was born in Portland, Oregon and fought with the Navy at the close of World War II before moving to the east coast. Professor Forte is now Battell Professor of Music, Emeritus at Yale University. He is best known for his influtential book ''The Structure of Atonal Music'', in which he introduced a complete theory of what is now called pitch class set analaysis or [[musical set theory]]. Professor Forte is also known for his compelling analysis of the works of Webern and of ''Italic text''Wozzek''Italic text'', as well as his writings on American popular song. Now in retirement, Professor Forte is travelling the world, giving lectures and seminars. He is married to pianist Madeleine Forte.<br /> <br /> He studied the theories of [[Heinrich Schenker]], [[Schenkerian analysis]].<br /> <br /> He is also the author of<br /> *(1995) ''The American Popular Ballad of the Golden Era 1924-1950''. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 069104399X.<br /> <br /> ==External link==<br /> *[http://www.allenforte.com/ AllenForte.com]<br /> <br /> [[Category:1926 births|Forte, Allen]]<br /> [[Category:Musicologists|Forte, Allen]]<br /> [[Category:Music theorists|Forte, Allen]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carlos_Kleiber&diff=8388050 Carlos Kleiber 2004-12-07T19:11:21Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Carlos Kleiber''' ([[July 3]], [[1930]] - [[July 13]], [[2004]]) was an [[Austria]]n [[Conducting|conductor]].<br /> <br /> Kleiber was born in [[Berlin]], the son of the conductor [[Erich Kleiber]]. As a boy, he moved to [[Buenos Aires]] with his father, who had resigned his post at the Berlin Opera in protest over the [[Nazi Party]]'s policies. He composed and played piano and timpani as a boy, and his musical talents were noted by his father, who nevertheless dissuaded him from pursuing a musical career. He studied chemistry in [[Zürich]], but soon decided to dedicate himself to music. He was repetiteur at the Gartnerplatz Theatre in [[Munich]] in 1952, and became [[kapellmeister]] at [[Potsdam]] in 1954. Between 1958 and 1964 he was kapellmeister at the Deutsche Oper am Rhein in Düsseldorf-Duisberg, and then at the Opera in Zürich from 1964 to 1966. Between 1966 and 1973 he was first kapellmeister in [[Stuttgart]], after which time he never held another permanent post. During the following years he was often seen in the pit at the Bayerische Staatsoper in [[Munich]].<br /> <br /> He made his [[Britain|British]] debut in 1966 with a performance at the [[Edinburgh Festival]] of [[Alban Berg]]'s [[opera]] &quot;[[Wozzeck]]&quot;, a work his father had conducted at its premiere in 1925. He made his [[Bayreuth]] debut in 1974 with a performance of [[Richard Wagner]]'s &quot;[[Tristan und Isolde]]. His [[United States|American]] debut came in 1978 with a legendary concert with the [[Chicago Symphony Orchestra]], and his [[New York]] [[Metropolitan Opera]] debut in 1988 with performances of [[Giacomo Puccini]]'s [[La Boheme]] with [[Luciano Pavarotti]] and [[Mirella Freni]] in the lead roles.<br /> <br /> Kleiber largely kept out of the public eye. After his resignation from the [[Stuttgart]] State Opera, his appearences became increasingly less frequent, and he made only a small number of recordings. Almost all those that he made, however, are regarded as very fine recordings, with his versions of [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]'s [[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|fifth]] and [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|seventh]] [[symphony|symphonies]] with the [[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] being near-legendary. Other notable recordings include [[Johannes Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 4]] and [[Franz Schubert]]'s [[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|third]] and [[Symphony No. 8 (Schubert|eighth]] (&quot;Unfinished&quot;) symphonies, also with the Vienna Philharmonic, recordings of [[Carl Maria von Weber]]'s &quot;[[Der Freischütz]],&quot; [[Johann Strauss]]' &quot;[[Die Fledermaus]],&quot; [[Giuseppe Verdi]]'s &quot;[[La Traviata]]&quot; and [[Richard Wagner]]'s &quot;[[Tristan und Isolde]].&quot;<br /> <br /> Kleiber's unique conducting style is preserved on video in a number of performances: [[Beethoven]]'s [[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|fourth]] and [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|seventh]] symphonies from the [[Concertgebouw]] in [[Amsterdam]], [[Johann Strauss]]' &quot;[[Die Fledermaus]]&quot; from [[Munich]], [[Richard Strauss]]' &quot;[[Der Rosenkavalier]]&quot; from both [[Munich]] and [[Vienna]], [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]'s [[Symphony No. 36 (&quot;Linz&quot;) (Mozart)|36th]] symphony and [[Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 2 (Brahms)|second]] symphony from the [[Musikverein, Vienna|Musikverein]] in [[Vienna]] and [[Beethoven]]'s [[Coriolan Overture]], [[Mozart]]'s [[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|33rd]] and [[Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|fourth]] symphonies from [[Munich]]. He led the [[Vienna New Year's Concert|New Year's Concert]] of the [[Vienna Philharmonic]] twice - in 1989 and 1992, and these are both preserved on video.<br /> <br /> He effectively retired from concert life in the early 1990s, occasionally appearing to give private concerts or benefit concerts. For one such event, instead of the usual fee, Kleiber received a new [[Audi]] made to his specifications. In the opinion of many of his colleagues and audiences who have experienced his meticulously rehearsed but ever spontaneous and inspired performances, this eccentric genius is perhaps the greatest conductor of his generation, despite the paucity of his appearences.<br /> <br /> He is buried in a [[Slovenia]]n village [[Konjsica|Konjšica]] near [[Litija]] (approx. 60 km east from [[Ljubljana]]) together with his wife [[Stanka Brezovar]], a [[ballet]] [[dancer]], who died 7 months earlier. He is survived by a son, Marko, and a daughter, Lillian.<br /> <br /> [[Category:1930 births|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> [[Category:2004 deaths|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> [[Category:Conductors|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> <br /> [[da:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[de:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[fr:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[it:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[ja:&amp;#12459;&amp;#12523;&amp;#12525;&amp;#12473;&amp;#12539;&amp;#12463;&amp;#12521;&amp;#12452;&amp;#12496;&amp;#12540;]]<br /> [[sl:Carlos Kleiber]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carlos_Kleiber&diff=8216142 Carlos Kleiber 2004-12-07T19:07:10Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Carlos Kleiber''' ([[July 3]], [[1930]] - [[July 13]], [[2004]]) was an [[Austria]]n [[Conducting|conductor]].<br /> <br /> Kleiber was born in [[Berlin]], the son of the conductor [[Erich Kleiber]]. As a boy, he moved to [[Buenos Aires]] with his father, who had resigned his post at the Berlin Opera in protest over the [[Nazi Party]]'s policies. He composed and played piano and timpani as a boy, and his musical talents were noted by his father, who nevertheless dissuaded him from pursuing a musical career. He studied chemistry in [[Zürich]], but soon decided to dedicate himself to music. He was repetiteur at the Gartnerplatz Theatre in [[Munich]] in 1952, and became [[kapellmeister]] at [[Potsdam]] in 1954. Between 1958 and 1964 he was kapellmeister at the Deutsche Oper am Rhein in Düsseldorf-Duisberg, and then at the Opera in Zürich from 1964 to 1966. Between 1966 and 1973 he was first kapellmeister in [[Stuttgart]], after which time he never held another permanent post. During the following years he was often seen in the pit at the Bayerische Staatsoper in [[Munich]].<br /> <br /> He made his [[Britain|British]] debut in 1966 with a performance at the [[Edinburgh Festival]] of [[Alban Berg]]'s [[opera]] &quot;[[Wozzeck]]&quot;, a work his father had conducted at its premiere in 1925. He made his [[Bayreuth]] debut in 1974 with a performance of [[Richard Wagner]]'s &quot;[[Tristan und Isolde]]. His [[United States|American]] debut came in 1978 with a legendary concert with the [[Chicago Symphony Orchestra]], and his [[New York]] [[Metropolitan Opera]] debut in 1988 with per/formances of [[Giacomo Puccini]]'s [[La Boheme]] with [[Luciano Pavarotti]] and [[Mirella Freni]] in the lead roles.<br /> <br /> Kleiber largely kept out of the public eye. After his resignation from the [[Stuttgart]] State Opera, his appearences became increasingly less frequent, and he made only a small number of recordings. Almost all those that he made, however, are regarded as very fine recordings, with his versions of [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]'s [[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|fifth]] and [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|seventh]] [[symphony|symphonies]] with the [[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] being near-legendary. Other notable recordings include [[Johannes Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 4]] and [[Franz Schubert]]'s [[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|third]] and [[Symphony No. 8 (Schubert|eighth]] (&quot;Unfinished&quot;) symphonies, also with the Vienna Philharmonic, recordings of [[Carl Maria von Weber]]'s &quot;[[Der Freischütz]],&quot; [[Johann Strauss]]' &quot;[[Die Fledermaus]],&quot; [[Giuseppe Verdi]]'s &quot;[[La Traviata]]&quot; and [[Richard Wagner]]'s &quot;[[Tristan und Isolde]].&quot;<br /> <br /> Kleiber's unique conducting style is preserved on video in a number of performances: [[Beethoven]]'s [[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|fourth]] and [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|seventh]] symphonies from the [[Concertgebouw]] in [[Amsterdam]], [[Johann Strauss]]' &quot;[[Die Fledermaus]]&quot; from [[Munich]], [[Richard Strauss]]' &quot;[[Der Rosenkavalier]]&quot; from both [[Munich]] and [[Vienna]], [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]'s [[Symphony No. 36 (&quot;Linz&quot;) (Mozart)|36th]] symphony and [[Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 2 (Brahms)|second]] symphony from the [[Musikverein, Vienna|Musikverein]] in [[Vienna]] and [[Beethoven]]'s [[Coriolan Overture]], [[Mozart]]'s [[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|33rd]] and [[Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|fourth]] symphonies from [[Munich]]. He led the [[Vienna New Year's Concert|New Year's Concert]] of the [[Vienna Philharmonic]] twice - in 1989 and 1992, and these are both preserved on video.<br /> <br /> He effectively retired from concert life in the early 1990s, occasionally appearing to give private concerts or benefit concerts. For one such event, instead of the usual fee, Kleiber received a new [[Audi]] made to his specifications. In the opinion of many of his colleagues and audiences who have experienced his meticulously rehearsed but ever spontaneous and inspired performances, this eccentric genius is perhaps the greatest conductor of his generation, despite the paucity of his appearences.<br /> <br /> He is buried in a [[Slovenia]]n village [[Konjsica|Konjšica]] near [[Litija]] (approx. 60 km east from [[Ljubljana]]) together with his wife [[Stanka Brezovar]], a [[ballet]] [[dancer]], who died 7 months earlier. He is survived by a son, Marko, and a daughter, Lillian.<br /> <br /> [[Category:1930 births|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> [[Category:2004 deaths|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> [[Category:Conductors|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> <br /> [[da:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[de:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[fr:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[it:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[ja:&amp;#12459;&amp;#12523;&amp;#12525;&amp;#12473;&amp;#12539;&amp;#12463;&amp;#12521;&amp;#12452;&amp;#12496;&amp;#12540;]]<br /> [[sl:Carlos Kleiber]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qian_Zhongshu&diff=8193030 Qian Zhongshu 2004-12-06T22:38:48Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Qian Zhongshu''' (&amp;#38065;&amp;#38047;&amp;#20070;; [[Pinyin]]: Qián Zh&amp;#333;ngsh&amp;#363;, [[WG]]: Ch'ien Chung-shu) ([[1910]] - [[December 19]], [[1998]]) was a [[China|Chinese]] [[writer]] and scholar, born in [[Wuxi]].<br /> <br /> He was one of the most well-known Chinese authors to the Western world. Graduating from [[Tsinghua University]] in [[Beijing]] in 1933, Qian continued his studies in [[University of Oxford|Oxford University]] ([[Exeter College, Oxford|Exeter College]]) in [[United Kingdom|Britain]], and later [[University of Paris]] in [[France]]. He returned to China in 1938 and became a professor at Tsinghua University. <br /> <br /> His most famous novel, ''Wei Cheng'' (''[[Fortress Besieged]]''), was then published in 1947. His other works include ''RenShouGui'' (''Men-Beasts-Ghosts'') and ''Xiezai Rensheng Bianshang'' (''The Marginalia of Life'').<br /> <br /> He also wrote elaborate notes on [[Chinese classic texts|Chinese classics]], showing his erudition and insight into a comparative study of different cultures. For all of this, literature was not his primary employment, he was the translator for much of [[Mao Tse-tung]]'s collected works, which occupied most of the remainder of his active professional life. Only recently have translations of his earlier works become widely available, though ''Fortress Besieged'' was adapted into a television mini-series in China in 1990.<br /> <br /> His magnum opus is the five volume [[Guanzhui Bian]], or the Pipe-Awl Collection, which is a collection of short essays on comparative poetics, semiology, literary history, literary theory written in an erudite classical style. Literary, historical and philosophical works referenced in Guanzhui Bian traverse the languages of Classical and Modern Chinese, Ancient Greek, Latin, English, German, French, Italian and Spanish.<br /> <br /> His wife, [[Yang Jiang]], is also an author, best known for her translation of ''[[Don Quixote]]'' into Chinese.<br /> {{bio-stub}}<br /> [[zh:&amp;#38065;&amp;#38202;&amp;#20070;]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Chinese writers]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carlos_Kleiber&diff=8216055 Carlos Kleiber 2004-12-06T22:29:03Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Carlos Kleiber''' ([[July 3]], [[1930]] - [[July 13]], [[2004]]) was an [[Austria]]n [[Conducting|conductor]].<br /> <br /> Kleiber was born in [[Berlin]], the son of the conductor [[Erich Kleiber]]. As a boy, he moved to [[Buenos Aires]] with his father, who had resigned his post at the Berlin Opera in protest over the [[Nazi Party]]'s policies. He composed and played piano and timpani as a boy, and his musical talents were noted by his father, who nevertheless dissuaded him from pursuing a musical career. He studied chemistry in [[Zürich]], but soon decided to dedicate himself to music. He was repetiteur at the Gartnerplatz Theatre in [[Munich]] in 1952, and became [[kapellmeister]] at [[Potsdam]] in 1954. Between 1958 and 1964 he was kapellmeister at the Deutsche Oper am Rhein in Düsseldorf-Duisberg, and then at the Opera in Zürich from 1964 to 1966. Between 1966 and 1973 he was first kapellmeister in [[Stuttgart]], after which time he never held another permanent post. During the following years he was often seen in the pit at the Bayerische Staatsoper in [[Munich]].<br /> <br /> He made his [[Britain|British]] debut in 1966 with a performance at the [[Edinburgh Festival]] of [[Alban Berg]]'s [[opera]] &quot;[[Wozzeck]]&quot;, a work his father had conducted at its premiere in 1925. He made his [[Bayreuth]] debut in 1974 with a performance of [[Richard Wagner]]'s &quot;[[Tristan und Isolde]]. His [[United States|American]] debut came in 1978 with a legendary concert with the [[Chicago Symphony Orchestra]], and his [[New York]] [[Metropolitan Opera]] debut in 1988 with per/formances of [[Giacomo Puccini]]'s [[La Boheme]] with [[Luciano Pavarotti]] and [[Mirella Freni]] in the lead roles.<br /> <br /> Kleiber largely kept out of the public eye. After his resignation from the [[Stuttgart]] State Opera, his appearences became increasingly less frequent, and he made only a small number of recordings. Almost all those that he made, however, are regarded as very fine recordings, with his versions of [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]'s [[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|fifth]] and [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|seventh]] [[symphony|symphonies]] with the [[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] being near-legendary. Other notable recordings include [[Johannes Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 4]] and [[Franz Schubert]]'s [[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|third]] and [[Symphony No. 8 (Schubert|eighth]] (&quot;Unfinished&quot;) symphonies, also with the Vienna Philharmonic, recordings of [[Carl Maria von Weber]]'s &quot;[[Der Freischütz]],&quot; [[Johann Strauss]]' &quot;[[Die Fledermaus]],&quot; [[Giuseppe Verdi]]'s &quot;[[La Traviata]]&quot; and [[Richard Wagner]'s] &quot;[[Tristan und Isolde]].&quot;<br /> <br /> Kleiber's unique conducting style is preserved on video in a number of performances: [[Beethoven]]'s [[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|fourth]] and [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|seventh]] symphonies from the [[Concertgebouw]] in [[Amsterdam]], [[Johann Strauss]]' &quot;[[Die Fledermaus]]&quot; from [[Munich]], [[Richard Strauss]]' &quot;[[Der Rosenkavalier]]&quot; from both [[Munich]] and [[Vienna]], [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]'s [[Symphony No. 36 (&quot;Linz&quot;) (Mozart)|36th]] symphony and [[Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 2 (Brahms)|second]] symphony from the [[Musikverein, Vienna|Musikverein]] in [[Vienna]] and [[Beethoven]]'s [[Coriolan Overture]], [[Mozart]]'s [[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|33rd]] and [[Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|fourth]] symphonies from [[Munich]]. He led the [[Vienna New Year's Concert|New Year's Concert]] of the [[Vienna Philharmonic]] twice - in 1989 and 1992, and these are both preserved on video.<br /> <br /> He effectively retired from concert life in the early 1990s, occasionally appearing to give private concerts or benefit concerts. For one such event, instead of the usual fee, Kleiber received a new [[Audi]] made to his specifications. In the opinion of many of his colleagues and audiences who have experienced his meticulously rehearsed but ever spontaneous and inspired performances, this eccentric genius is perhaps the greatest conductor of his generation, despite the paucity of his appearences.<br /> <br /> He is buried in a [[Slovenia]]n village [[Konjsica|Konjšica]] near [[Litija]] (approx. 60 km east from [[Ljubljana]]) together with his wife [[Stanka Brezovar]], a [[ballet]] [[dancer]], who died 7 months earlier. He is survived by a son, Marko, and a daughter, Lillian.<br /> <br /> [[Category:1930 births|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> [[Category:2004 deaths|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> [[Category:Conductors|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> <br /> [[da:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[de:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[fr:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[it:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[ja:&amp;#12459;&amp;#12523;&amp;#12525;&amp;#12473;&amp;#12539;&amp;#12463;&amp;#12521;&amp;#12452;&amp;#12496;&amp;#12540;]]<br /> [[sl:Carlos Kleiber]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carlos_Kleiber&diff=8192683 Carlos Kleiber 2004-12-06T22:25:50Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Carlos Kleiber''' ([[July 3]], [[1930]] - [[July 13]], [[2004]]) was an [[Austria]]n [[Conducting|conductor]].<br /> <br /> Kleiber was born in [[Berlin]], the son of the conductor [[Erich Kleiber]]. As a boy, he moved to [[Buenos Aires]] with his father, who had resigned his post at the Berlin Opera in protest over the [[Nazi Party]]'s policies. He composed and played piano and timpani as a boy, and his musical talents were noted by his father, who nevertheless dissuaded him from pursuing a musical career. He studied chemistry in [[Zürich]], but soon decided to dedicate himself to music. He was repetiteur at the Gartnerplatz Theatre in [[Munich]] in 1952, and became [[kapellmeister]] at [[Potsdam]] in 1954. Between 1958 and 1964 he was kapellmeister at the Deutsche Oper am Rhein in Düsseldorf-Duisberg, and then at the Opera in Zürich from 1964 to 1966. Between 1966 and 1973 he was first kapellmeister in [[Stuttgart]], after which time he never held another permanent post. During the following years he was often seen in the pit at the Bayerische Staatsoper in [[Munich]].<br /> <br /> He made his [[Britain|British]] debut in 1966 with a performance at the [[Edinburgh Festival]] of [[Alban Berg]]'s [[opera]] &quot;[[Wozzeck]]&quot;, a work his father had conducted at its premiere in 1925. He made his [[Bayreuth]] debut in 1974 with a performance of [[Richard Wagner]]'s &quot;[[Tristan und Isolde]]. His [[United States|American]] debut came in 1978 with a legendary concert with the [[Chicago Symphony Orchestra]], and his [[New York]] [[Metropolitan Opera]] debut in 1988 with per/formances of [[Giacomo Puccini]]'s [[La Boheme]] with [[Luciano Pavarotti]] and [[Mirella Freni]] in the lead roles.<br /> <br /> Kleiber largely kept out of the public eye. After his resignation from the [[Stuttgart]] State Opera, his appearences became increasingly less frequent, and he made only a small number of recordings. Almost all those that he made, however, are regarded as very fine recordings, with his versions of [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]'s [[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|fifth]] and [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|seventh]] [[symphony|symphonies]] with the [[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] being near-legendary. Other notable recordings include [[Johannes Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 4]] and [[Franz Schubert]]'s [[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|third]] and [[Symphony No. 8 (Schubert|eighth]] (&quot;Unfinished&quot;) symphonies, also with the Vienna Philharmonic, recordings of [[Carl Maria von Weber]]'s &quot;[[Der Freischütz]],&quot; [[Johann Strauss]]' &quot;[[Die Fledermaus]],&quot; [[Giuseppe Verdi]]'s &quot;[[La Traviata]]&quot; and [[Richard Wagner]'s] &quot;[[Tristan und Isolde]].&quot;<br /> <br /> Kleiber's unique conducting style is preserved on video in a number of performances: [[Beethoven]]'s [[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|fourth]] and [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|seventh]] symphonies from the [[Concertgebouw]] in [[Amsterdam]], [[Johann Strauss]]' &quot;[[Die Fledermaus]]&quot; from [[Munich]], [[Richard Strauss]]' &quot;[[Der Rosenkavalier]]&quot; from both [[Munich]] and [[Vienna]], [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]'s [[Symphony No. 36 (&quot;Linz&quot;) (Mozart)|36th]] symphony and [[Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 2 (Brahms)|second]] symphony from the [[Musikverein, Vienna (Musikverein)]] in [[Vienna]] and [[Beethoven]]'s [[Coriolan Overture]], [[Mozart]]'s [[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|thirty-third]] and [[Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|fourth]] from [[Munich]]. He led the [[New Year's Concert]] of the [[Vienna Philharmonic]] twice - in 1989 and 1992, and these are both preserved on video.<br /> <br /> He effectively retired from concert life in the early 1990s, occasionally appearing to give private concerts or benefit concerts. For one such event, instead of the usual fee, Kleiber received a new [[Audi]] made to his specifications. In the opinion of many of his colleagues and audiences who have experienced his meticulously rehearsed but ever spontaneous and inspired performances, this eccentric genius is perhaps the greatest conductor of his generation, despite the paucity of his appearences.<br /> <br /> He is buried in a [[Slovenia]]n village [[Konjsica|Konjšica]] near [[Litija]] (approx. 60 km east from [[Ljubljana]]) together with his wife [[Stanka Brezovar]], a [[ballet]] [[dancer]], who died 7 months earlier. He is survived by a son, Marko, and a daughter, Lillian.<br /> <br /> [[Category:1930 births|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> [[Category:2004 deaths|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> [[Category:Conductors|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> <br /> [[da:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[de:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[fr:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[it:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[ja:&amp;#12459;&amp;#12523;&amp;#12525;&amp;#12473;&amp;#12539;&amp;#12463;&amp;#12521;&amp;#12452;&amp;#12496;&amp;#12540;]]<br /> [[sl:Carlos Kleiber]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carlos_Kleiber&diff=8192567 Carlos Kleiber 2004-12-06T22:23:00Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Carlos Kleiber''' ([[July 3]], [[1930]] - [[July 13]], [[2004]]) was an [[Austria]]n [[Conducting|conductor]].<br /> <br /> Kleiber was born in [[Berlin]], the son of the conductor [[Erich Kleiber]]. As a boy, he moved to [[Buenos Aires]] with his father, who had resigned his post at the Berlin Opera in protest over the [[Nazi Party]]'s policies. He composed and played piano and timpani as a boy, and his musical talents were noted by his father, who nevertheless dissuaded him from pursuing a musical career. He studied chemistry in [[Zürich]], but soon decided to dedicate himself to music. He was repetiteur at the Gartnerplatz Theatre in [[Munich]] in 1952, and became [[kapellmeister]] at [[Potsdam]] in 1954. Between 1958 and 1964 he was kapellmeister at the Deutsche Oper am Rhein in Düsseldorf-Duisberg, and then at the Opera in Zürich from 1964 to 1966. Between 1966 and 1973 he was first kapellmeister in [[Stuttgart]], after which time he never held another permanent post. During the following years he was often seen in the pit at the Bayerische Staatsoper in [[Munich]].<br /> <br /> He made his [[Britain|British]] debut in 1966 with a performance at the [[Edinburgh Festival]] of [[Alban Berg]]'s [[opera]] &quot;[[Wozzeck]]&quot;, a work his father had conducted at its premiere in 1925. He made his [[Bayreuth]] debut in 1974 with a performance of [[Richard Wagner]]'s &quot;[[Tristan und Isolde]]. His [[United States|American]] debut came in 1978 with a legendary concert with the [[Chicago Symphony Orchestra]], and his [[New York]] [[Metropolitan Opera]] debut in 1988 with per/formances of [[Giacomo Puccini]]'s [[La Boheme]] with [[Luciano Pavarotti]] and [[Mirella Freni]] in the lead roles.<br /> <br /> Kleiber largely kept out of the public eye. After his resignation from the [[Stuttgart]] State Opera, his appearences became increasingly less frequent, and he made only a small number of recordings. Almost all those that he made, however, are regarded as very fine recordings, with his versions of [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]'s [[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|fifth]] and [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|seventh]] [[symphony|symphonies]] with the [[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] being near-legendary. Other notable recordings include [[Johannes Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 4]] and [[Franz Schubert]]'s [[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|third]] and [[Symphony No. 8 (Schubert|eighth]] (&quot;Unfinished&quot;) symphonies, also with the Vienna Philharmonic, recordings of [[Carl Maria von Weber]]'s &quot;[[Der Freischütz]],&quot; [[Johann Strauss]]' &quot;[[Die Fledermaus]],&quot; [[Giuseppe Verdi]]'s &quot;[[La Traviata]]&quot; and [[Richard Wagner]'s] &quot;[[Tristan und Isolde]].&quot;<br /> <br /> Kleiber's unique conducting style is preserved on video in a number of performances: [[Beethoven]]'s [[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|fourth]] and [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|seventh]] symphonies from the [[Concertgebouw]] in [[Amsterdam]], [[Johann Strauss]]' &quot;[[Die Fledermaus]]&quot; from [[Munich]], [[Richard Strauss]]' &quot;[[Der Rosenkavalier]]&quot; from both [[Munich]] and [[Vienna]], [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]'s [[Symphony No. 36 (&quot;Linz&quot;) (Mozart)|36th]] symphony and [[Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 2 (Brahms)|second]] symphony from the [[Musikverein]] in [[Vienna]] and [[Beethoven]]'s [[Coriolan Overture]], [[Mozart]]'s [[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|thirty-third]] and [[Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|fourth]] from [[Munich]]. He led the [[New Year's Concert]] of the [[Vienna Philharmonic]] twice - in 1989 and 1992, and these are both preserved on video.<br /> <br /> He effectively retired from concert life in the early 1990s, occasionally appearing to give private concerts or benefit concerts. For one such event, instead of the usual fee, Kleiber received a new [[Audi]] made to his specifications. In the opinion of many of his colleagues and audiences who have experienced his meticulously rehearsed but ever spontaneous and inspired performances, this eccentric genius is perhaps the greatest conductor of his generation, despite the paucity of his appearences.<br /> <br /> He is buried in a [[Slovenia]]n village [[Konjsica|Konjšica]] near [[Litija]] (approx. 60 km east from [[Ljubljana]]) together with his wife [[Stanka Brezovar]], a [[ballet]] [[dancer]], who died 7 months earlier. He is survived by a son, Marko, and a daughter, Lillian.<br /> <br /> [[Category:1930 births|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> [[Category:2004 deaths|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> [[Category:Conductors|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> <br /> [[da:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[de:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[fr:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[it:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[ja:&amp;#12459;&amp;#12523;&amp;#12525;&amp;#12473;&amp;#12539;&amp;#12463;&amp;#12521;&amp;#12452;&amp;#12496;&amp;#12540;]]<br /> [[sl:Carlos Kleiber]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carlos_Kleiber&diff=8192469 Carlos Kleiber 2004-12-06T22:21:09Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Carlos Kleiber''' ([[July 3]], [[1930]] - [[July 13]], [[2004]]) was an [[Austria]]n [[Conducting|conductor]].<br /> <br /> Kleiber was born in [[Berlin]], the son of the conductor [[Erich Kleiber]]. As a boy, he moved to [[Buenos Aires]] with his father, who had resigned his post at the Berlin Opera in protest over the [[Nazi Party]]'s policies. He composed and played piano and timpani as a boy, and his musical talents were noted by his father, who nevertheless dissuaded him from pursuing a musical career. He studied chemistry in [[Zürich]], but soon decided to dedicate himself to music. He was repetiteur at the Gartnerplatz Theatre in [[Munich]] in 1952, and became [[kapellmeister]] at [[Potsdam]] in 1954. Between 1958 and 1964 he was kapellmeister at the Deutsche Oper am Rhein in Düsseldorf-Duisberg, and then at the Opera in Zürich from 1964 to 1966. Between 1966 and 1973 he was first kapellmeister in [[Stuttgart]], after which time he never held another permanent post. During the following years he was often seen in the pit at the Bayerische Staatsoper in [[Munich]].<br /> <br /> He made his [[Britain|British]] debut in 1966 with a performance at the [[Edinburgh Festival]] of [[Alban Berg]]'s [[opera]] &quot;[[Wozzeck]]&quot;, a work his father had conducted at its premiere in 1925. He made his [[Bayreuth]] debut in 1974 with a performance of [[Richard Wagner]]'s &quot;[[Tristan und Isolde]]. His [[United States|American]] debut came in 1978 with a legendary concert with the [[Chicago Symphony Orchestra]], and his [[New York]] [[Metropolitan Opera]] debut in 1988 with per/formances of [[Giacomo Puccini]]'s [[La Boheme]] with [[Luciano Pavarotti]] and [[Mirella Freni]] in the lead roles.<br /> <br /> Kleiber largely kept out of the public eye. After his resignation from the [[Stuttgart]] State Opera, his appearences became increasingly less frequent, and he made only a small number of recordings. Almost all those that he made, however, are regarded as very fine recordings, with his versions of [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]'s [[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|fifth]] and [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|seventh]] [[symphony|symphonies]] with the [[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] being near-legendary. Other notable recordings include [[Johannes Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 4]] and [[Franz Schubert]]'s [[Symphony No. 3 (Schubert)|third]] and [[Symphony No. 8 (Schubert|eighth]] (&quot;Unfinished&quot;), also with the Vienna Philharmonic, recordings of [[Carl Maria von Weber]]'s &quot;[[Der Freischütz]],&quot; [[Johann Strauss]]' &quot;[[Die Fledermaus]],&quot; [[Giuseppe Verdi]]'s &quot;[[La Traviata]]&quot; and [[Richard Wagner]'s] &quot;[[Tristan und Isolde]].&quot;<br /> <br /> Kleiber's unique conducting style is preserved on video in a number of performances: [[Beethoven]]'s [[Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)|fourth]] and [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|seventh]] from the [[Concertgebouw]] in [[Amsterdam]], [[Johann Strauss]]' &quot;[[Die Fledermaus]]&quot; from [[Munich]], [[Richard Strauss]]' &quot;[[Der Rosenkavalier]]&quot; from both [[Munich]] and [[Vienna]], [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]'s [[Symphony No. 36 (&quot;Linz&quot;) (Mozart)|thirty-sixth]] and [[Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 2 (Brahms)|second]] from the [[Musikverein]] in [[Vienna]] and [[Beethoven]]'s [[Coriolan Overture]], [[Mozart]]'s [[Symphony No. 33 (Mozart)|thirty-third]] and [[Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|fourth]] from [[Munich]]. He led the [[New Year's Concert]] of the [[Vienna Philharmonic]] twice - in 1989 and 1992, and these are both preserved on video.<br /> <br /> He effectively retired from concert life in the early 1990s, occasionally appearing to give private concerts or benefit concerts. For one such event, instead of the usual fee, Kleiber received a new [[Audi]] made to his specifications. In the opinion of many of his colleagues and audiences who have experienced his meticulously rehearsed but ever spontaneous and inspired performances, this eccentric genius is perhaps the greatest conductor of his generation, despite the paucity of his appearences.<br /> <br /> He is buried in a [[Slovenia]]n village [[Konjsica|Konjšica]] near [[Litija]] (approx. 60 km east from [[Ljubljana]]) together with his wife [[Stanka Brezovar]], a [[ballet]] [[dancer]], who died 7 months earlier. He is survived by a son, Marko, and a daughter, Lillian.<br /> <br /> [[Category:1930 births|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> [[Category:2004 deaths|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> [[Category:Conductors|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> <br /> [[da:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[de:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[fr:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[it:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[ja:&amp;#12459;&amp;#12523;&amp;#12525;&amp;#12473;&amp;#12539;&amp;#12463;&amp;#12521;&amp;#12452;&amp;#12496;&amp;#12540;]]<br /> [[sl:Carlos Kleiber]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carlos_Kleiber&diff=8192410 Carlos Kleiber 2004-12-06T22:15:55Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Carlos Kleiber''' ([[July 3]], [[1930]] - [[July 13]], [[2004]]) was an [[Austria]]n [[Conducting|conductor]].<br /> <br /> Kleiber was born in [[Berlin]], the son of the conductor [[Erich Kleiber]]. As a boy, he moved to [[Buenos Aires]] with his father, who had resigned his post at the Berlin Opera in protest over the [[Nazi Party]]'s policies. He composed and played piano and timpani as a boy, and his musical talents were noted by his father, who nevertheless dissuaded him from pursuing a musical career. He studied chemistry in [[Zürich]], but soon decided to dedicate himself to music. He was repetiteur at the Gartnerplatz Theatre in [[Munich]] in 1952, and became [[kapellmeister]] at [[Potsdam]] in 1954. Between 1958 and 1964 he was kapellmeister at the Deutsche Oper am Rhein in Düsseldorf-Duisberg, and then at the Opera in Zürich from 1964 to 1966. Between 1966 and 1973 he was first kapellmeister in [[Stuttgart]], after which time he never held another permanent post. During the following years he was often seen in the pit at the Bayerische Staatsoper in [[Munich]].<br /> <br /> He made his [[Britain|British]] debut in 1966 with a performance at the [[Edinburgh Festival]] of [[Alban Berg]]'s [[opera]] ''[[Wozzeck]]'', a work his father had conducted at its premiere in 1925. He made his [[Bayreuth]] debut in 1974 with a performance of [[Richard Wagner's]] [[Tristan und Isolde]]. His [[United States|American]] debut came in 1978 with a legendary concert with the [[Chicago Symphony Orchestra]], and his [[New York]] [[Metropolitan Opera]] debut in 1988 with per/formances of [[Giacomo Puccini's]] [[La Boheme]] with [[Luciano Pavarotti]] and [[Mirella Freni]] in the lead roles.<br /> <br /> Kleiber largely kept out of the public eye. After his resignation from the [[Stuttgart]] State Opera, his appearences became increasingly less frequent, and he made only a small number of recordings. Almost all those that he made, however, are regarded as very fine recordings, with his versions of [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]'s [[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|fifth]] and [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|seventh]] [[symphony|symphonies]] with the [[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] being near-legendary. Other notable recordings include [[Johannes Brahms's]] [[Symphony No. 4]] and [[Franz Schubert's]] [[Symphony No. 3]] and [[Symphony No. 8]] (&quot;Unfinished&quot;), also with the Vienna Philharmonic, recordings of [[Carl Maria von Weber's]] [[Der Freischütz]], [[Johann Strauss']] [[Die Fledermaus]], [[Giuseppe Verdi's]] [[La Traviata]] and [[Richard Wagner's]] T[[ristan und Isolde]].<br /> <br /> Kleiber's unique conducting style is preserved on video in a number of performances: [[Beethoven's]] [[Symphony No. 4]] and [[Symphony No. 7]] from the [[Concertgebouw]] in [[Amsterdam]], [[Johann Strauss']] [[Die Fledermaus]] from [[Munich]], [[Richard Strauss']] [[Der Rosenkavalier]] from both [[Munich]] and [[Vienna]], [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's]] [[Symphony No. 36 (&quot;Linz&quot;)]] and [[Brahms']] [[Symphony No. 2]] from the [[Musikverein]] in [[Vienna]] and [[Beethoven's]] [[Coriolan Overture]], [[Mozart's Symphony No. 33]] and [[Brahms' Symphony No. 4]] from [[Munich]]. He led the [[New Year's Concert]] of the [[Vienna Philharmonic]] twice - in 1989 and 1992, and these are both preserved on video.<br /> <br /> He effectively retired from concert life in the early 1990s, occasionally appearing to give private concerts or benefit concerts. For one such event, instead of the usual fee, Kleiber received a new [[Audi]] made to his specifications. In the opinion of many of his colleagues and audiences who have experienced his meticulously rehearsed but ever spontaneous and inspired performances, this eccentric genius is perhaps the greatest conductor of his generation, despite the paucity of his appearences.<br /> <br /> He is buried in a [[Slovenia]]n village [[Konjsica|Konjšica]] near [[Litija]] (approx. 60 km east from [[Ljubljana]]) together with his wife [[Stanka Brezovar]], a [[ballet]] [[dancer]], who died 7 months earlier. He is survived by a son, Marko, and a daughter, Lillian.<br /> <br /> [[Category:1930 births|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> [[Category:2004 deaths|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> [[Category:Conductors|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> <br /> [[da:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[de:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[fr:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[it:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[ja:&amp;#12459;&amp;#12523;&amp;#12525;&amp;#12473;&amp;#12539;&amp;#12463;&amp;#12521;&amp;#12452;&amp;#12496;&amp;#12540;]]<br /> [[sl:Carlos Kleiber]]</div> Perryso https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carlos_Kleiber&diff=8192217 Carlos Kleiber 2004-12-06T21:55:01Z <p>Perryso: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Carlos Kleiber''' ([[July 3]], [[1930]] - [[July 13]], [[2004]]) was an [[Austria]]n [[Conducting|conductor]].<br /> <br /> Kleiber was born in [[Berlin]], the son of the conductor [[Erich Kleiber]]. As a boy, he moved to [[Buenos Aires]] with his father, who had resigned his post at the Berlin Opera in protest over the [[Nazi Party]]'s policies. He composed and played piano and timpani as a boy, and his musical talents were noted by his father, who nevertheless dissuaded him from pursuing a musical career. He studied chemistry in [[Zürich]], but soon decided to dedicate himself to music. He was repetiteur at the Gartnerplatz Theatre in [[Munich]] in 1952, and became [[kapellmeister]] at [[Potsdam]] in 1954. Between 1958 and 1964 he was kapellmeister at the Deutsche Oper am Rhein in Düsseldorf-Duisberg, and then at the Opera in Zürich from 1964 to 1966. Between 1966 and 1968 he was first kapellmeister in [[Stuttgart]], after which time he never held another permanent post. During the following years he was often seen in the pit at the Bayerische Staatsoper in [[Munich]].<br /> <br /> He made his [[Britain|British]] debut in 1966 with a performance at the [[Edinburgh Festival]] of [[Alban Berg]]'s [[opera]] ''[[Wozzeck]]'', a work his father had conducted at its premiere in 1925. He later made his [[United States|American]] debut with a performance of [[Giuseppe Verdi]]'s ''[[Otello]]''.<br /> <br /> Kleiber largely kept out of the public eye. He conducted quite infrequently, and made only a small number of recordings. Almost all those that he made, however, are regarded as very fine recordings, with his versions of [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]'s [[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|fifth]] and [[Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven)|seventh]] [[symphony|symphonies]] with the [[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] being near-legendary.<br /> <br /> He is buried in a [[Slovenia]]n village [[Konjsica|Konjšica]] near [[Litija]] (approx. 60 km east from [[Ljubljana]]) together with his wife [[Stanka Brezovar]], a [[ballet]] [[dancer]], who died 7 months before.<br /> <br /> [[Category:1930 births|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> [[Category:2004 deaths|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> [[Category:Conductors|Kleiber, Carlos]]<br /> <br /> [[da:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[de:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[fr:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[it:Carlos Kleiber]]<br /> [[ja:&amp;#12459;&amp;#12523;&amp;#12525;&amp;#12473;&amp;#12539;&amp;#12463;&amp;#12521;&amp;#12452;&amp;#12496;&amp;#12540;]]<br /> [[sl:Carlos Kleiber]]</div> Perryso