Wikipedia - User contributions [en]

Marion Aunor

2014-04-10T14:21:50Z

Renamed user 042531102: Marion Aunor is 22 na.

{{Infobox musical artist
| name = Marion Aunor
| image =
| image_size =
| background = solo_singer
| birth_name = Marion Aunor
| birth_date = April 10, 1992 (age 22)
| origin = [[Manila]], [[Philippines]]
| spouse =
| Deathdate =
| Deathplace =
| Other_name =
| occupation = [[Singer]]-[[songwriter]]
| years_active = 2013–present
| genre = [[Original Pilipino Music|OPM]], [[pop music|pop]]
| label = [[Star Records]]
}}
'''Marion Aunor''' is a [[Filipino people|Filipina]] singer and recording artist. She began her career after winning third place in the 2013 [[Himig Handog]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Policarpio|first=Allan|title=Director-composer wins Himig Handog|url=http://entertainment.inquirer.net/82603/director-composer-wins-himig-handog|work=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]|accessdate=11 March 2013|date=25 February 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Aiza Seguerra-interpreted song wins P1M|url=http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/entertainment/02/24/13/aiza-seguerra-interpreted-song-wins-p1m|publisher=[[ABS-CBN News]]|accessdate=11 March 2013|date=25 February 2013}}</ref> Aunor is a contract recording artist for [[Star Records]].<ref name="STAR">{{cite web|title=Marion Aunor signs contract with Star Records|url=http://www.abs-cbn.com/Feature/Article/13471/Marion-Aunor-signs-contract-with-Star-Records.aspx|publisher=[[ABS-CBN]]|accessdate=11 March 2013|date=7 March 2013}}</ref> She is also the niece of actress and singer [[Nora Aunor]].<ref name="Aunor"/><ref name="Niece"/>

==Career==
Aunor made her debut on February 2013 with an original song called "If You Ever Change Your Mind", which was also written by herself. Her song was one of the twelve finalists selected from the 2,500 songs from the auditions.<ref name="Niece">{{cite web|last=Benavides|first=Kathleen|title=Nora Aunor's niece Marion Aunor is one of Himig Handog 2013's twelve finalists|url=http://www.pep.ph/spotlight/extra-extra/28379/nora-aunors-niece-marion-aunor-is-one-of-himig-handog-2013s-twelve-finalists|publisher=[[Philippine Entertainment Portal]]|accessdate=11 March 2013|date=4 February 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Aunor's niece a finalist at Star Records song tilt|url=http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/video/entertainment/11/29/12/aunors-niece-finalist-star-records-song-tilt|publisher=[[ABS-CBN News]]|accessdate=11 March 2013|date=29 November 2012}}</ref> The song won as the third place in the 2013 [[Himig Handog]] ''P-Pop Love Songs''. On March 7, 2013, Aunor signed a contract with [[Star Records]] as its recording artist.<ref name="Aunor">{{cite web|title=Nora Aunor's niece signs up with Star Records|url=http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/entertainment/03/07/13/nora-aunors-niece-signs-star-records|publisher=[[ABS-CBN News]]|accessdate=11 March 2013|date=7 March 2013}}</ref> Vehnee Saturno became her manager.<ref name="STAR"/><ref name="Heart">{{cite web|last=Swarding|first=Tita|title=Marion Aunor, binigyan agad ng break ng Dos!|url=http://www.pinoyparazzi.com/marion-aunor-binigyan-agad-ng-break-ng-dos/|publisher=Pinoy Parazzi|accessdate=11 March 2013|date=11 March 2013}} {{tl icon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=MARION AUNOR INKS DEAL WITH STAR RECORDS|url=http://abscbnpr.com/?p=9662|publisher=[[ABS-CBN]]|accessdate=11 March 2013|date=7 March 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Umbao|first=Ed|title=Marion Aunor Signed with Star Records to Release Debut Album|url=http://philnews.ph/2013/03/07/marion-aunor-signed-star-records-release-debut-album/|publisher=Philippine News|accessdate=11 March 2013|date=7 March 2013}}</ref> Aunor was part of the Middle East Leg of the World Tour of the Philippine [[day]]time [[television series]] ''[[Be Careful With My Heart]]''.<ref name="STAR"/><ref name="Heart"/> On May 3, 2013, her song entry "Do, Do, Do" was chosen as one of the twelve finalists for the second [[Philippine Popular Music Festival]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Philpop unveils 2013 finalists|url=http://www.philstar.com/entertainment/2013/05/03/937570/philpop-unveils-2013-finalists|work=3 May 2013|publisher=SOUNDS FAMILIAR By Baby A. Gil (The Philippine Star)|accessdate=1 July 2013}}</ref> However she later decided to withdraw from the competition due to her talent management's decision.<ref>{{cite web|title=Marion Aunor drops out of Philpop 2013 Final 12 race|url=http://www.tempo.com.ph/2013/05/marion-aunor-drops-out-of-philpop-2013-final-12-race/#.UdF0e_lkMls|work=7 May 2013|publisher=Tessa A. Castillo|accessdate=1 July 2013}}</ref> Her self-titled album was eventually released on July 4.<ref>{{cite web|title=Marion Aunor - iTunes|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/marion-aunor/id672118624|work=4 July 2013|publisher=iTunes|accessdate=13 August 2013}}</ref> In 2014, Aunor became one of the finalists in the ''[[Myx VJ Search]]''.

==Discography==
===Studio albums===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!width="200"|Album details
|-
|2013
|'''''Marion Aunor'''''
* Released: July 4, 2013
* Label: [[Star Records]]
* Format: [[Compact disc|CD]], [[music download|digital download]]
|}

==Filmography==

===Television===
{|class="wikitable"
! Year
! Title
! Role
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2013
|''[[ASAP (variety show)|ASAP]]''
| Herself
|}

==See also==
*[[Original Pilipino Music]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

{{Persondata
| NAME = Aunor, Marion
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Singer
| DATE OF BIRTH = 10 April 1992
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Aunor, Marion}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Filipino actresses]]
[[Category:Filipino female singers]]
[[Category:Filipino television personalities]]
[[Category:1992 births]]
[[Category:Contraltos]]

{{Philippines-musician-stub}}

Marion Aunor

2014-04-10T14:21:13Z

Renamed user 042531102: Happy Birthday Marion Aunor in 22nd Birthday! :)

{{Infobox musical artist
| name = Marion Aunor
| image =
| image_size =
| background = solo_singer
| birth_name = Marion Aunor
| birth_date = April 10, 1992 (age 21)
| origin = [[Manila]], [[Philippines]]
| spouse =
| Deathdate =
| Deathplace =
| Other_name =
| occupation = [[Singer]]-[[songwriter]]
| years_active = 2013–present
| genre = [[Original Pilipino Music|OPM]], [[pop music|pop]]
| label = [[Star Records]]
}}
'''Marion Aunor''' is a [[Filipino people|Filipina]] singer and recording artist. She began her career after winning third place in the 2013 [[Himig Handog]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Policarpio|first=Allan|title=Director-composer wins Himig Handog|url=http://entertainment.inquirer.net/82603/director-composer-wins-himig-handog|work=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]|accessdate=11 March 2013|date=25 February 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Aiza Seguerra-interpreted song wins P1M|url=http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/entertainment/02/24/13/aiza-seguerra-interpreted-song-wins-p1m|publisher=[[ABS-CBN News]]|accessdate=11 March 2013|date=25 February 2013}}</ref> Aunor is a contract recording artist for [[Star Records]].<ref name="STAR">{{cite web|title=Marion Aunor signs contract with Star Records|url=http://www.abs-cbn.com/Feature/Article/13471/Marion-Aunor-signs-contract-with-Star-Records.aspx|publisher=[[ABS-CBN]]|accessdate=11 March 2013|date=7 March 2013}}</ref> She is also the niece of actress and singer [[Nora Aunor]].<ref name="Aunor"/><ref name="Niece"/>

==Career==
Aunor made her debut on February 2013 with an original song called "If You Ever Change Your Mind", which was also written by herself. Her song was one of the twelve finalists selected from the 2,500 songs from the auditions.<ref name="Niece">{{cite web|last=Benavides|first=Kathleen|title=Nora Aunor's niece Marion Aunor is one of Himig Handog 2013's twelve finalists|url=http://www.pep.ph/spotlight/extra-extra/28379/nora-aunors-niece-marion-aunor-is-one-of-himig-handog-2013s-twelve-finalists|publisher=[[Philippine Entertainment Portal]]|accessdate=11 March 2013|date=4 February 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Aunor's niece a finalist at Star Records song tilt|url=http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/video/entertainment/11/29/12/aunors-niece-finalist-star-records-song-tilt|publisher=[[ABS-CBN News]]|accessdate=11 March 2013|date=29 November 2012}}</ref> The song won as the third place in the 2013 [[Himig Handog]] ''P-Pop Love Songs''. On March 7, 2013, Aunor signed a contract with [[Star Records]] as its recording artist.<ref name="Aunor">{{cite web|title=Nora Aunor's niece signs up with Star Records|url=http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/entertainment/03/07/13/nora-aunors-niece-signs-star-records|publisher=[[ABS-CBN News]]|accessdate=11 March 2013|date=7 March 2013}}</ref> Vehnee Saturno became her manager.<ref name="STAR"/><ref name="Heart">{{cite web|last=Swarding|first=Tita|title=Marion Aunor, binigyan agad ng break ng Dos!|url=http://www.pinoyparazzi.com/marion-aunor-binigyan-agad-ng-break-ng-dos/|publisher=Pinoy Parazzi|accessdate=11 March 2013|date=11 March 2013}} {{tl icon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=MARION AUNOR INKS DEAL WITH STAR RECORDS|url=http://abscbnpr.com/?p=9662|publisher=[[ABS-CBN]]|accessdate=11 March 2013|date=7 March 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Umbao|first=Ed|title=Marion Aunor Signed with Star Records to Release Debut Album|url=http://philnews.ph/2013/03/07/marion-aunor-signed-star-records-release-debut-album/|publisher=Philippine News|accessdate=11 March 2013|date=7 March 2013}}</ref> Aunor was part of the Middle East Leg of the World Tour of the Philippine [[day]]time [[television series]] ''[[Be Careful With My Heart]]''.<ref name="STAR"/><ref name="Heart"/> On May 3, 2013, her song entry "Do, Do, Do" was chosen as one of the twelve finalists for the second [[Philippine Popular Music Festival]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Philpop unveils 2013 finalists|url=http://www.philstar.com/entertainment/2013/05/03/937570/philpop-unveils-2013-finalists|work=3 May 2013|publisher=SOUNDS FAMILIAR By Baby A. Gil (The Philippine Star)|accessdate=1 July 2013}}</ref> However she later decided to withdraw from the competition due to her talent management's decision.<ref>{{cite web|title=Marion Aunor drops out of Philpop 2013 Final 12 race|url=http://www.tempo.com.ph/2013/05/marion-aunor-drops-out-of-philpop-2013-final-12-race/#.UdF0e_lkMls|work=7 May 2013|publisher=Tessa A. Castillo|accessdate=1 July 2013}}</ref> Her self-titled album was eventually released on July 4.<ref>{{cite web|title=Marion Aunor - iTunes|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/marion-aunor/id672118624|work=4 July 2013|publisher=iTunes|accessdate=13 August 2013}}</ref> In 2014, Aunor became one of the finalists in the ''[[Myx VJ Search]]''.

==Discography==
===Studio albums===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!width="200"|Album details
|-
|2013
|'''''Marion Aunor'''''
* Released: July 4, 2013
* Label: [[Star Records]]
* Format: [[Compact disc|CD]], [[music download|digital download]]
|}

==Filmography==

===Television===
{|class="wikitable"
! Year
! Title
! Role
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2013
|''[[ASAP (variety show)|ASAP]]''
| Herself
|}

==See also==
*[[Original Pilipino Music]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

{{Persondata
| NAME = Aunor, Marion
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Singer
| DATE OF BIRTH = 10 April 1992
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Aunor, Marion}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Filipino actresses]]
[[Category:Filipino female singers]]
[[Category:Filipino television personalities]]
[[Category:1992 births]]
[[Category:Contraltos]]

{{Philippines-musician-stub}}

Josh Santana

2014-04-04T07:15:21Z

Renamed user 042531102:

{{Infobox musical artist
|name = Josh Santana
|image =
|caption =
|image_size =
|background = solo_singer
|birth_name = Michael Alexander Álvarez Pamular
|alias = Josh Santana
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|1983|6|18}}
|origin = [[Metro Manila]], [[Philippines]]
|instrument = [[Vocals]]
|genre = [[Pop music|Pop]]
|occupation = [[Singer]], [[Acting|Actor]]
|years_active = 2003–present
|label =
|associated_acts =
|website = [http://www.myspace.com/joshxsantana/ myspace.com/kareemsalama/]
|current_members =
|past_members =
}}

'''Michael Alexander Alvarez Pamular''', better known by his [[stage name]] '''Josh Santana''' is a Filipino [[Television|television actor]] and singer. Santana was born on 18 June 1983 in [[Metro Manila]], Philippines to [[Spanish-Filipino]] parents Ramón Delgado Pamular (judge) and Sonia Magno Álvarez. He rose to popularity in 2003 as the male [[love interest]] of [[Carol Banawa]] in the TV series ''[[Bituin]]''. It was from the character he played in ''Bituin'' where he took the name Josh Santana.

==Beginnings==
Josh Santana obtained his [[Academic degree|college degree]] at the [[Far Eastern University]] (FEU), [[Manila]]. He represented his university in an [[International student|International Student]] Congress held in [[Kuala Lumpur|Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia]] in 2005 and in 2006, was elected as the President of the FEU-Central [[Students' union|Student Council]]. He graduated in 2007 and named with 12 others as an Outstanding Senior Student out of 6000 FEU graduates of 2007.

After his graduation, he was named Dangal ng Kabataan awardee (or Honor to the Youth) by the Pampelikulang Samahan ng mga Dalub-guro.

==Acting==
In ''[[Bituin]]'', Josh Santana plays the role of a very popular Filipino actor-singer from whom Melody Sandoval (played by [[Carol Banawa]]) seeks help in launching her singing career. However, he despises her having come from a poor provincial family.

Upon realising the truth about his dwindling singing career, after his fans found out that he had a son, who was kept away from media exposure, died in an accident, he was left with only one option, to accept the offer to have Melody as a guest in his concert.

By then, Melody has already become a more popular personality. The world turns around, and this time it is Josh who needs help from Melody, who sings with a crystal clear and angelic voice. They both get a chance to work with each other and eventually fall in love.

''Bituin'' soon ended following the rumours that its senior lead character [[Nora Aunor]] refused to comply with the agreement specified in her contract signed with [[ABS-CBN]] Star Cinema.

== Singing ==
After ''Bituin'', Santana focused on his singing career and eventually he was given another shot when he recorded the [[Theme music|theme song]] of ''[[Basta't Kasama Kita]]'', followed by a translation of ''Qing Fei Di Yi'' to ''Can't Help Fallin'' for the theme song of ''Meteor Garden''.

Josh left show business after he released the theme song of the teen-oriented TV programme ''[[Qpids]]'' titled ''Dito sa Puso ko'', where he featured the then new discovery [[Nikki Gil]].

==Discography==

===''Josh Santana''===
In 2004, Santana released a 10-track self-tiled album 
The album is described as "Original" containing:
*"Hindi Ko Kaya" (Lyrics & Music by: Aaron Paul Del Rosario/Arranged by: Paolo Zarate)
*"Muli" (Lyrics & Music by: Rhoen Del Monte & Romwell/Arranged by: Paolo Zarate)
*"Mahal Na Mahal Ko Siya" (Lyrics & Music by: [[Gary Valenciano]]/Arranged by: Paolo Zarate)
*"Nasaan Ka?" (Lyrics & Music by: Jonathan Manalo/Arranged by: Paolo Zarate)
*"Maibabalik Ko Ba?" (Lyrics & Music by: Marc Bryan R. Adona/Arranged by: Paolo Zarate)
*"Mahal Naman Kita" (Lyrics & Music by: Marizen Yaneza/Arranged by: Gino "Blooze" Cruz)
*"Can't Help Fallin'" (Tagalog Adaptaion) (Lyrics & Music by: Chang Keat Siong/Arranged by: Jun Tamayo)
*"Pagkat Sa Pangarap (Lyrics & Music by: Larry Hermoso/Arranged by: Elmer Blancaflor)
*"Ikaw Lang Pala" (Lyrics & Music by: Joanthan Florido/Arranged by: Arnold Cabalza)
*"Journey Of A Smile" (Lyrics & Music by: Markel Luna/Arranged by: Paolo Zarate)

===''Josh Santana: Eres tú''===
In March 2009, Santana released a 10-track album entitled ''Josh Santana: Eres tú''.<ref>[http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=463689&publicationSubCategoryId=70 The Philippine Star], Josh Santana back with Eres Tu</ref>

The album is described as "Fil-Hispano", containing:
*Three original songs:
**"Kahit Minsan Lang" (composed by Marlon Silva)
**"Magpakailanman" (composed Marlon Silva)
**"Estar Contigo" (composed by Josh Santana himself)
*Covers / interpretation:
**"Historia de un Amor" (all Spanish)
**"Eres Tú" (all Spanish)
**"[[Hate That I Love You]]" (Spanish/English)
**"Eres Mío" (Spanish/Tagalog)"
**"Dreaming of You" (in cover, originally by Selena)
**"I Don't Wanna Lose You Now (in cover, originally by Gloria Estefan)
*An alternative version of the all-time Spanish favorite "Eres Tu"

The album was produced by Zachary Cordero Barlahan and Dennis García Arce.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.myspace.com/joshxsantana Josh Santana MySpace website]

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Santana, Josh
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Filipino actor-singer
| DATE OF BIRTH = 18 June 1983
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Santana, Josh}}
[[Category:1983 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Filipino television actors]]
[[Category:Filipino male singers]]
[[Category:Filipino pop singers]]

Nida Blanca

2014-02-02T10:01:40Z

Renamed user 042531102:

{{Infobox person
| name = Nida Blanca
| image = Nida Blanca 1954.jpg
| image_size =
| caption = Nida Blanca in 1954
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1936|1|6}}
| birth_place = [[Gapan]], [[Nueva Ecija]], Philippines
| birth_name = Dorothy Acueza Jones
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2001|11|07|1936|1|6}}
| death_place = [[San Juan, Metro Manila]], Philippines
| other_names = Nida Blanca
| occupation = Actress
| website =
| notable role =
|spouse = Victorino Torres [[Rod Lauren]]
| years_active = 1950–2002
| awards =
}}

'''Dorothy Acueza Jones''', (January 6, 1936 – November 7, 2001) popularly known by her [[stage name]] '''Nida Blanca''', was a [[Filipino people|Filipina]] [[actress]]. She starred in over 163 movies and 14 television shows and received over 16 awards for movies and six awards for television during her 50-year film career. She was named one of 15 Best Actress of all Time by ''YES'' magazine.

She was stabbed to death in a condo parking lot in [[San Juan City]] on November 7, 2001.

==Biography==
Born as '''Dorothy Acueza Jones''' in [[Gapan City]], [[Nueva Ecija]], Philippines (then a [[United States|U.S.]] territory) to an American soldier father and a Filipina mother, she appeared in her first film at age 14. Actress [[Delia Razon]] successfully urged the head of [[LVN Pictures]], [[Narcisa de Leon|Doña Sisang de Leon]] to hire Blanca.<ref name=mb>{{cite web|last=Belen|first=Crispina|authorlink=|coauthors =|title=LVN Studios closes shop!|work=Celebrity World|publisher=Manila Bulletin|date =2005-07-07|url=http://www.mb.com.ph/issues/2005/07/07/ENTR2005070738818.html|accessdate=2007-11-22 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20080312225330/http://www.mb.com.ph/issues/2005/07/07/ENTR2005070738818.html  |archivedate = 2008-03-12}}</ref> She was [[screen test]]ed on October 6, 1950 by LVN Pictures where she reigned as queen for more than a decade, doing mostly comedies opposite the late [[Nestor de Villa]]. In the movies, she has played everything from a guy-punching lesbian to a nun. She also starred in the hit TV comedy series, ''[[John En Marsha]]'', where she played the wife who sticks by her poor husband despite her rich mother's constant harping. In 1958, she appeared opposite her contemporary, noted singer/actress [[Sylvia La Torre]], and Leroy Salvador, in the LVN movie ''Tuloy ang Ligaya''.

Blanca was married twice. She separated from her first husband, Victorino Torres when their daughter Kaye was only two years old. She later married her second husband Roger Lawrence Strunk (1940-2007), an American singer and actor, known by his screen name, [[Rod Lauren]] in [[Las Vegas Valley|Las Vegas]] in 1979. The couple relocated to [[Manila]]. {{citation needed|date=December 2009}}

==Death==
On November 7, 2001, Blanca was found murdered, beaten and stabbed 13 times in the back seat of her [[Nissan Sentra]] in the parking lot of [[Atlanta Centre]] in Greenhills, [[San Juan, Metro Manila]] where she worked for [[MTRCB]]. She was an active member of the Movies and Television Regulatory Classification Board (MTRCB), attending screenings and rating movies twice a week, at the time of her death.

The prime suspect was Blanca's husband [[Rod Strunk]] whom the [[prosecutors]] said had hired a [[hitman]] to kill her because Blanca had disinherited him from her will. Investigators found that Blanca had up to P85 million in properties, including a Greenhills, San Juan condominium worth P10 million and a house in California worth $300,000. If Blanca had annulled her marriage, Strunk would get nothing. But if Blanca died before she was able to terminate her marriage, under the law, Strunk being the legal spouse would be entitled to a portion of his estranged wife’s inheritance even though Blanca’s will stated that all her properties would go to her daughter.<ref>[http://www.newsflash.org/2002/07/sb/sb002293.htm Nida Blanca Murder: It's Still Strunk, Medel After All]</ref>

The case rests on the statements of witnesses and Philip Medel, a self-confessed killer who surrendered to [[PNP]] Task Force Marsha on November 19, 2001 and confessed that Strunk had hired him to kill Blanca. Medel recanted his testimony four days later claiming the police had tortured him into confessing. The prosecutors said medical examinations had found no evidence to back his claim of torture.<ref name >[http://www.sunstar.com.ph/static/ceb/2003/02/15/news/charge.medel.strunk.doj.html Charge Medel, Strunk: DOJ]</ref>

Despite Medel's recantation, Strunk remained the prime suspect according to Philippine prosecutors, based largely on circumstantial evidence and statements of new witnesses.<ref>[http://www.sunstar.com.ph/static/man/2006/06/24/news/justice.junks.plea.of.suspect.in.actress.slay.case.html Testimony of new witnesses bolstered the case against Strunk]</ref><ref>[http://www.newsflash.org/2004/02/ht/ht006368.htm Two More Charged in Nida Murder]</ref> Strunk was in the U.S. in 2003 when he was charged with the murder of Blanca. He left the Philippines in January 2002 to visit his mother who was dying at the time and never returned. He was later arrested at his home and detained at the [[Sacramento County]] Jail after the Philippine government filed an extradition request against Strunk to stand trial in the Philippines. The U.S. court denied the extradition request and Strunk was immediately released from jail.<ref>[http://dwb.sacbee.com/content/news/story/7775854p-8714864c.html Extradition denied in actress's death]</ref> The Philippine government had filed a second extradition case against Strunk but has not received any official response from the United States government.<ref>[http://showbizandstyle.inquirer.net/entertainment/entertainment/view_article.php?article_id=76668 Strunk suicide deepens Nida murder mystery]</ref>

Strunk committed suicide on July 11, 2007 by jumping from a second-floor balcony of the Tracy Inn in [[Tracy, California]] where he had been staying for the previous three days.<ref>[http://tracypress.com/content/view/10155/2242/ Body ID'd as Roger Strunk]</ref>

Kaye Torres lamented in 2008 that after seven years, the criminal case is still pending trial. She stated that she is convinced Philip Medel is guilty of the crime.<ref>[http://www.gmanews.tv/story/131925/Nida-Blancas-daughter-laments-slow-progress-of-murder-case www.gmanews.tv, Nida Blanca's daughter laments slow progress of murder case]</ref>

Philip Medel remained the suspect and was held in jail until his death on 7 April 2010 at the age of 62. Medel died of [[sepsis]] caused by [[pneumonia]] at the Philippine General Hospital.<ref>[http://ph.news.yahoo.com/abs/20100408/tel-suspect-in-nida-blanca-murder-dies-336e25d.html]</ref>

The pending murder case on Nida Blanca was featured in the Philippine T.V. documentary show ''[[Case Unclosed]]'' as its sixth episode titled "Nida Blanca Murder Case."

== Awards ==

{| class="wikitable"

!align="center" valign="top" width="40"|Year
!align="left" valign="top" width="200"|Film or TV Title
!align="left" valign="top" width="100"|Award
!align="center" valign="top" width="60"|Category
!align="center" valign="top" width="50"|Remark
|-
|align="left" valign="top"|1952
|align="left" valign="top"|"Korea"
|align="left" valign="top"|FAMAS
|align="center" valign="top"|Best Supporting Actress
|align="center" valign="top"|Film
|-
|align="left" valign="top"|1975
|align="left" valign="top"|"Batu-Bato sa Langit
|align="left" valign="top"|MMFF
|align="center" valign="top"|Best Supporting Actress
|align="center" valign="top"|Film
|-
|align="left" valign="top"|1985
|align="left" valign="top"|"Miguelito"
|align="left" valign="top"|CMMA, Ürian, FAP, Star
|align="center" valign="top"|Best Actress
|align="center" valign="top"|Film
|-
|align="left" valign="top"|1986
|align="left" valign="top"|"Magdusa Ka
|align="left" valign="top"|CMMA, FAMAS, FAP, Star, Urian
|align="center" valign="top"|Best Supporting Actress
|align="center" valign="top"|Film
|-
|align="left" valign="top"|1987
|align="left" valign="top"|"Kid, Huwag Kang Susuko"
|align="left" valign="top"|CMMA, FAMAS, FAP
|align="center" valign="top"|Best Supporting Actress
|align="center" valign="top"|Film
|-
|align="left" valign="top"|1990
|align="left" valign="top"|"John en Marsha"
|align="left" valign="top"|Star Awards
|align="center" valign="top"|Best Actress in Comedy
|align="center" valign="top"|TV
|-
|align="left" valign="top"|1998
|align="left" valign="top"|"Sana Pag-ibig Na"
|align="left" valign="top"|Star, FAMAS
|align="center" valign="top"|Best Actress
|align="center" valign="top"|Film
|-
|}

==TV shows==
*The Nida-Nestor Show (ABS-CBN)
*Tangtarantang (ABS-CBN)
*[[John en Marsha]] (RPN)
*Haybol Rambol (GMA Network)
*Puwedeng Puwede (ABS-CBN)
*Lovingly Yours Helen (GMA Network)
*GMA Telesine Specials (GMA Network)
*Haybol Rambol (GMA Network)
*GMA True Stories (GMA Network)
*[[Anna Karenina (Philippine TV series)|Anna Karenina]] (GMA Network)
*May Himala (GMA Network)
*[[Daddy Di Do Du]] (GMA Network)
*[[Maalaala Mo Kaya]] (ABS-CBN)
*[[Mula Sa Puso]] (ABS-CBN) - her last TV appearance

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb name|id=0086984|name=Nida Blanca}}
*[http://www.gmanews.tv/video/31270/-Case-Unclosed--The-Nida-Blanca-Murder Case Unclosed: The Nida Blanca Murder - 11/07/2008]

{{Gawad Urian Award for Best Actress}}

{{Authority control|VIAF=221128030}}

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Blanca, Nida
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Filipino actor
| DATE OF BIRTH = January 6, 1936
| PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Gapan City]], [[Nueva Ecija]], [[Philippines]]
| DATE OF DEATH = November 7, 2002
| PLACE OF DEATH = [[San Juan City]], [[Metro Manila]], [[Philippines]]
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Blanca, Nida}}
[[Category:1936 births]]
[[Category:2001 deaths]]
[[Category:Filipino actresses]]
[[Category:Filipino child actresses]]
[[Category:Filipino comedians]]
[[Category:Filipino film actresses]]
[[Category:Filipino television actresses]]
[[Category:Filipino television personalities]]
[[Category:Filipino murder victims]]
[[Category:Filipino people of American descent]]
[[Category:Adamson University alumni]]
[[Category:Murdered actresses]]
[[Category:People from Nueva Ecija]]
[[Category:Filipino Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:People murdered in the Philippines]]
[[Category:Deaths by stabbing]]
[[Category:20th-century Filipino actresses]]

Nida Blanca

2014-02-02T10:00:53Z

Renamed user 042531102: Death in 2001, not 2002!

{{Infobox person
| name = Nida Blanca
| image = Nida Blanca 1954.jpg
| image_size =
| caption = Nida Blanca in 1954
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1936|1|6}}
| birth_place = [[Gapan]], [[Nueva Ecija]], Philippines
| birth_name = Dorothy Acueza Jones
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2002|11|07|1936|1|6}}
| death_place = [[San Juan, Metro Manila]], Philippines
| other_names = Nida Blanca
| occupation = Actress
| website =
| notable role =
|spouse = Victorino Torres [[Rod Lauren]]
| years_active = 1950–2002
| awards =
}}

'''Dorothy Acueza Jones''', (January 6, 1936 – November 7, 2001) popularly known by her [[stage name]] '''Nida Blanca''', was a [[Filipino people|Filipina]] [[actress]]. She starred in over 163 movies and 14 television shows and received over 16 awards for movies and six awards for television during her 50-year film career. She was named one of 15 Best Actress of all Time by ''YES'' magazine.

She was stabbed to death in a condo parking lot in [[San Juan City]] on November 7, 2001.

==Biography==
Born as '''Dorothy Acueza Jones''' in [[Gapan City]], [[Nueva Ecija]], Philippines (then a [[United States|U.S.]] territory) to an American soldier father and a Filipina mother, she appeared in her first film at age 14. Actress [[Delia Razon]] successfully urged the head of [[LVN Pictures]], [[Narcisa de Leon|Doña Sisang de Leon]] to hire Blanca.<ref name=mb>{{cite web|last=Belen|first=Crispina|authorlink=|coauthors =|title=LVN Studios closes shop!|work=Celebrity World|publisher=Manila Bulletin|date =2005-07-07|url=http://www.mb.com.ph/issues/2005/07/07/ENTR2005070738818.html|accessdate=2007-11-22 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20080312225330/http://www.mb.com.ph/issues/2005/07/07/ENTR2005070738818.html  |archivedate = 2008-03-12}}</ref> She was [[screen test]]ed on October 6, 1950 by LVN Pictures where she reigned as queen for more than a decade, doing mostly comedies opposite the late [[Nestor de Villa]]. In the movies, she has played everything from a guy-punching lesbian to a nun. She also starred in the hit TV comedy series, ''[[John En Marsha]]'', where she played the wife who sticks by her poor husband despite her rich mother's constant harping. In 1958, she appeared opposite her contemporary, noted singer/actress [[Sylvia La Torre]], and Leroy Salvador, in the LVN movie ''Tuloy ang Ligaya''.

Blanca was married twice. She separated from her first husband, Victorino Torres when their daughter Kaye was only two years old. She later married her second husband Roger Lawrence Strunk (1940-2007), an American singer and actor, known by his screen name, [[Rod Lauren]] in [[Las Vegas Valley|Las Vegas]] in 1979. The couple relocated to [[Manila]]. {{citation needed|date=December 2009}}

==Death==
On November 7, 2001, Blanca was found murdered, beaten and stabbed 13 times in the back seat of her [[Nissan Sentra]] in the parking lot of [[Atlanta Centre]] in Greenhills, [[San Juan, Metro Manila]] where she worked for [[MTRCB]]. She was an active member of the Movies and Television Regulatory Classification Board (MTRCB), attending screenings and rating movies twice a week, at the time of her death.

The prime suspect was Blanca's husband [[Rod Strunk]] whom the [[prosecutors]] said had hired a [[hitman]] to kill her because Blanca had disinherited him from her will. Investigators found that Blanca had up to P85 million in properties, including a Greenhills, San Juan condominium worth P10 million and a house in California worth $300,000. If Blanca had annulled her marriage, Strunk would get nothing. But if Blanca died before she was able to terminate her marriage, under the law, Strunk being the legal spouse would be entitled to a portion of his estranged wife’s inheritance even though Blanca’s will stated that all her properties would go to her daughter.<ref>[http://www.newsflash.org/2002/07/sb/sb002293.htm Nida Blanca Murder: It's Still Strunk, Medel After All]</ref>

The case rests on the statements of witnesses and Philip Medel, a self-confessed killer who surrendered to [[PNP]] Task Force Marsha on November 19, 2001 and confessed that Strunk had hired him to kill Blanca. Medel recanted his testimony four days later claiming the police had tortured him into confessing. The prosecutors said medical examinations had found no evidence to back his claim of torture.<ref name >[http://www.sunstar.com.ph/static/ceb/2003/02/15/news/charge.medel.strunk.doj.html Charge Medel, Strunk: DOJ]</ref>

Despite Medel's recantation, Strunk remained the prime suspect according to Philippine prosecutors, based largely on circumstantial evidence and statements of new witnesses.<ref>[http://www.sunstar.com.ph/static/man/2006/06/24/news/justice.junks.plea.of.suspect.in.actress.slay.case.html Testimony of new witnesses bolstered the case against Strunk]</ref><ref>[http://www.newsflash.org/2004/02/ht/ht006368.htm Two More Charged in Nida Murder]</ref> Strunk was in the U.S. in 2003 when he was charged with the murder of Blanca. He left the Philippines in January 2002 to visit his mother who was dying at the time and never returned. He was later arrested at his home and detained at the [[Sacramento County]] Jail after the Philippine government filed an extradition request against Strunk to stand trial in the Philippines. The U.S. court denied the extradition request and Strunk was immediately released from jail.<ref>[http://dwb.sacbee.com/content/news/story/7775854p-8714864c.html Extradition denied in actress's death]</ref> The Philippine government had filed a second extradition case against Strunk but has not received any official response from the United States government.<ref>[http://showbizandstyle.inquirer.net/entertainment/entertainment/view_article.php?article_id=76668 Strunk suicide deepens Nida murder mystery]</ref>

Strunk committed suicide on July 11, 2007 by jumping from a second-floor balcony of the Tracy Inn in [[Tracy, California]] where he had been staying for the previous three days.<ref>[http://tracypress.com/content/view/10155/2242/ Body ID'd as Roger Strunk]</ref>

Kaye Torres lamented in 2008 that after seven years, the criminal case is still pending trial. She stated that she is convinced Philip Medel is guilty of the crime.<ref>[http://www.gmanews.tv/story/131925/Nida-Blancas-daughter-laments-slow-progress-of-murder-case www.gmanews.tv, Nida Blanca's daughter laments slow progress of murder case]</ref>

Philip Medel remained the suspect and was held in jail until his death on 7 April 2010 at the age of 62. Medel died of [[sepsis]] caused by [[pneumonia]] at the Philippine General Hospital.<ref>[http://ph.news.yahoo.com/abs/20100408/tel-suspect-in-nida-blanca-murder-dies-336e25d.html]</ref>

The pending murder case on Nida Blanca was featured in the Philippine T.V. documentary show ''[[Case Unclosed]]'' as its sixth episode titled "Nida Blanca Murder Case."

== Awards ==

{| class="wikitable"

!align="center" valign="top" width="40"|Year
!align="left" valign="top" width="200"|Film or TV Title
!align="left" valign="top" width="100"|Award
!align="center" valign="top" width="60"|Category
!align="center" valign="top" width="50"|Remark
|-
|align="left" valign="top"|1952
|align="left" valign="top"|"Korea"
|align="left" valign="top"|FAMAS
|align="center" valign="top"|Best Supporting Actress
|align="center" valign="top"|Film
|-
|align="left" valign="top"|1975
|align="left" valign="top"|"Batu-Bato sa Langit
|align="left" valign="top"|MMFF
|align="center" valign="top"|Best Supporting Actress
|align="center" valign="top"|Film
|-
|align="left" valign="top"|1985
|align="left" valign="top"|"Miguelito"
|align="left" valign="top"|CMMA, Ürian, FAP, Star
|align="center" valign="top"|Best Actress
|align="center" valign="top"|Film
|-
|align="left" valign="top"|1986
|align="left" valign="top"|"Magdusa Ka
|align="left" valign="top"|CMMA, FAMAS, FAP, Star, Urian
|align="center" valign="top"|Best Supporting Actress
|align="center" valign="top"|Film
|-
|align="left" valign="top"|1987
|align="left" valign="top"|"Kid, Huwag Kang Susuko"
|align="left" valign="top"|CMMA, FAMAS, FAP
|align="center" valign="top"|Best Supporting Actress
|align="center" valign="top"|Film
|-
|align="left" valign="top"|1990
|align="left" valign="top"|"John en Marsha"
|align="left" valign="top"|Star Awards
|align="center" valign="top"|Best Actress in Comedy
|align="center" valign="top"|TV
|-
|align="left" valign="top"|1998
|align="left" valign="top"|"Sana Pag-ibig Na"
|align="left" valign="top"|Star, FAMAS
|align="center" valign="top"|Best Actress
|align="center" valign="top"|Film
|-
|}

==TV shows==
*The Nida-Nestor Show (ABS-CBN)
*Tangtarantang (ABS-CBN)
*[[John en Marsha]] (RPN)
*Haybol Rambol (GMA Network)
*Puwedeng Puwede (ABS-CBN)
*Lovingly Yours Helen (GMA Network)
*GMA Telesine Specials (GMA Network)
*Haybol Rambol (GMA Network)
*GMA True Stories (GMA Network)
*[[Anna Karenina (Philippine TV series)|Anna Karenina]] (GMA Network)
*May Himala (GMA Network)
*[[Daddy Di Do Du]] (GMA Network)
*[[Maalaala Mo Kaya]] (ABS-CBN)
*[[Mula Sa Puso]] (ABS-CBN) - her last TV appearance

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb name|id=0086984|name=Nida Blanca}}
*[http://www.gmanews.tv/video/31270/-Case-Unclosed--The-Nida-Blanca-Murder Case Unclosed: The Nida Blanca Murder - 11/07/2008]

{{Gawad Urian Award for Best Actress}}

{{Authority control|VIAF=221128030}}

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Blanca, Nida
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Filipino actor
| DATE OF BIRTH = January 6, 1936
| PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Gapan City]], [[Nueva Ecija]], [[Philippines]]
| DATE OF DEATH = November 7, 2002
| PLACE OF DEATH = [[San Juan City]], [[Metro Manila]], [[Philippines]]
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Blanca, Nida}}
[[Category:1936 births]]
[[Category:2001 deaths]]
[[Category:Filipino actresses]]
[[Category:Filipino child actresses]]
[[Category:Filipino comedians]]
[[Category:Filipino film actresses]]
[[Category:Filipino television actresses]]
[[Category:Filipino television personalities]]
[[Category:Filipino murder victims]]
[[Category:Filipino people of American descent]]
[[Category:Adamson University alumni]]
[[Category:Murdered actresses]]
[[Category:People from Nueva Ecija]]
[[Category:Filipino Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:People murdered in the Philippines]]
[[Category:Deaths by stabbing]]
[[Category:20th-century Filipino actresses]]

Eunice Lagusad

2014-02-02T09:07:05Z

Renamed user 042531102:

'''Eunice Lagusad''' (alternate name' '''Eunice Lagunsad''', born 1998) is an actress in the [[Philippines]]. She is popularly known as '''Charming''', who came to be publicly known when she played as Charming in the hit drama series [[Bakekang]].

==Career==
Lagusad was 8-year-old when she became famous for her role as young Charming in [[GMA Network|GMA-7s]] [[Bakekang]] (2006) starring [[Sunshine Dizon]]. She played as the daughter of [[Ogie Alcasid]] in [[Q (TV network)|QTV-11]] sitcom ''Ay, Robot'' with [[Sam Bumatay]]. She starred in [[Princess Charming (TV series)|Princess Charming]] (2007) with [[Krystal Reyes]] as Princess.

She appeared also in [[ABS-CBN]]'s TV adaptation of [[Princess Sarah (TV series)|Princess Sarah]] (2007) played by [[Sharlene San Pedro]], [[Goin' Bulilit]], and [[Aryana (TV series)|Aryana]] played by [[Ella Cruz]].

==Trivia==
*Lagusad was 4-year-old when she first appeared in [[ABS-CBN]] soap drama's [[Kay Tagal Kang Hinintay]] (2002-2003), she played as the daughter of [[John Estrada]] and Bing Loyzaga.
*Lagusad also played young Alwina's friend in [[Mulawin]] (2004), the young Alwina's played by [[Kristel Fulgar]].

==Filmography==
*[[Indio (TV series)]] (2013)
*[[Aryana (TV series)]] (2012-2013)
*[[Daldalita]] (TV series) (2011)
*[[Sinner or Saint (TV series)]] (2011)
*[[Alakdana]] (TV series) (2011)
*Inday Wanda (TV series) (2010-2011)
*[[Basahang Ginto]] (TV series) (2010)
*[[Princess Sarah (TV series)]] (2007)
*[[Goin' Bulilit]] (TV sitcom) (2007)
*[[Enteng Kabisote 4: Okay Ka Fairy Ko...The Beginning of the Legend]] (2007)
*[[Boys Nxt Door]] (TV series) (2007)
*[[Angels (2007 film)]] (2007)
*[[Princess Charming (TV series)]] (2007)
*Ay, Robot! (TV sitcom) (2006-2007)
*[[Maalaala Mo Kaya]] - Juice (2006)
*[[Bakekang]] (TV series) (2006)
*[[Mga Anghel Na Walang Langit]] (TV series) (2005-2006)
*[[Mulawin]] (TV series) (2004)
*[[Kay Tagal Kang Hinintay]] (TV series) (2002-2003)

<ref>http://www.pep.ph/news/15368/child-actress-eunice-lagusad-plays-becky-in-princess-sarah "Child actress Eunice Lagusad plays Becky in "Princess Sarah""</ref>
<ref>http://cerphin.net/balita/Eunice-turns-on-the-charm-/artikulo/116494/ "Eunice turns on the charm"</ref>
<ref>http://www.questia.com/library/1G1-267992764/eunice-lagusad-returns-to-acting-to-help-her-sick "Eunice Lagusad Returns to Acting to Help Her Sick Grandfather"</ref>
<ref>http://www.pep.ph/mobile/news/25659/eunice-charming-lagunsad-thanks-network-for-helping-her-get-back-on-her-feet-after-ondoy-flood/6 "Eunice "Charming" Lagunsad thanks network for helping her get back on her feet after Ondoy flood"</ref>
<ref>http://telebisyon.net/balita/Charming-may-sariling-show-na-sa-GMA-7/artikulo/1077/ "'Charming' may sariling show na sa GMA-7"</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb name|2422067}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lagusad, Eunice}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Filipino actresses]]

Peripheral Component Interconnect

2014-01-31T04:18:20Z

Renamed user 042531102:

{{bots|deny=Cyberbot II}}
{{ambox|type=protection|image=[[File:Padlock-black.svg|40px]]|text='''This page is currently under the scrutiny of the [[Wikipedia:Office actions|Wikimedia Foundation Office]] and certain restrictions are in place regarding the content of this article.''' 
For more details, please see [[Wikipedia:Office actions]] or the article's [[Talk:Conventional PCI|talk page]]. '''Do not remove this template from the article while these restrictions are in place.'''}}{{Infobox Computer Hardware Bus
| name = Conventional PCI
| fullname = PCI Local Bus
| image = PCI Slots Digon3.JPG
| caption = Three 5-volt [[32-bit]] PCI expansion slots on a [[motherboard]] (PC bracket on left side)
| invent-date = July 1993
| invent-name = [[Intel]]
| replaces = [[Industry Standard Architecture|ISA]], [[Extended Industry Standard Architecture|EISA]], [[MicroChannel Architecture|MCA]], [[VESA Local Bus|VLB]]
| super-date = 2004
| super-name = [[PCI Express]]
| width = 32 or 64
| pin count = 124 [[32-bit]]
| numdev =
| speed = 133 [[Megabyte|MB]]/s (32-bit at 33 MHz – the standard configuration) 266 MB/s (32-bit at 66 MHz or 64-bit at 33 MHz) 533 MB/s (64-bit at 66 MHz)
| style = p
| hotplug = Optional
}}
'''Conventional PCI''', often shortened to just '''PCI''', is a [[local bus|local]] [[computer bus]] for attaching [[computer hardware|hardware devices]] in a [[computer]]. PCI is an initialism of Peripheral Component Interconnect and is <ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/P/PCI.html | title = PCI | publisher = Web‐o‐pedia}}.</ref> part of the PCI Local Bus standard. The PCI bus supports the functions found on a [[system bus|processor bus]] but in a standardized format that is independent of any particular processor's native bus. Devices connected to the PCI bus appear to a bus master to be connected directly to its own bus and are assigned addresses in the processor's address space.<ref>Hamacher et al (2002), ''Computer Organization'', 5th ed., McGraw-Hill.</ref>{{pn|date=December 2013}} It is a parallel bus, synchronous to a single bus clock.

Attached devices can take either the form of an [[integrated circuit]] fitted onto the motherboard itself (called a ''planar device'' in the PCI specification) or an [[expansion card]] that fits into a slot. The PCI Local Bus was first implemented in [[IBM PC compatible]]s, where it displaced the combination of several slow [[Industry standard architecture|ISA]] slots and one fast [[VESA Local Bus]] slot as the bus configuration. It has subsequently been adopted for other computer types. Typical PCI cards used in PCs include: [[network card]]s, [[sound card]]s, [[modem]]s, extra ports such as [[Universal Serial Bus|USB]] or [[serial port|serial]], [[TV tuner card]]s and [[disk controller]]s. PCI [[video card]]s replaced ISA and VESA cards until growing bandwidth requirements outgrew the capabilities of PCI. The preferred interface for video cards then became [[Accelerated Graphics Port|AGP]], itself a superset of conventional PCI, before giving way to PCI Express.<ref>{{Cite web | title = PCI Edition AMD HD 4350 Graphic Card from HIS | url = http://www.hisdigital.com/un/product2-444.shtml | accessdate = 2009-07-27}}</ref>

The first version of conventional PCI found in consumer desktop computers was a 32-bit bus using a 33 Mhz bus clock and 5 V signalling, although the PCI 1.0 standard provided for a 64-bit variant as well. These have one locating notch in the card. Version 2.0 of the PCI standard introduced 3.3 V slots, physically distinguished by a flipped physical connector to preventing accidental insertion of 5 V cards. Universal cards, which can operate on both voltages, have two notches. Version 2.1 of the PCI standard introduced optional 66 MHz operation. A server-oriented variant of conventional PCI, called '''[[PCI-X]]''' (PCI Extended) operated at frequencies up to 133 MHz for PCI-X 1.0 and up to 533 Mhz for PCI-X 2.0. An internal connector for laptop cards, called '''Mini PCI''', was introduced in version 2.2 of the PCI specification. The PCI bus was also adopted for an external laptop connector standard—the [[CardBus]].<ref name="Haque1996">{{cite book|author=Faisal Imdad- Haque|title=Inside PC Card: CardBus and PCMCIA Design: CardBus and PCMCIA Design|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Mr8xEbnHYngC&pg=PA39|year=1996|publisher=Newnes|isbn=978-0-08-053473-2|page=39}}</ref> The first PCI specification was developed by [[Intel]], but subsequent development of the standard became the responsibility of the [[PCI-SIG|PCI Special Interest Group]] (PCI-SIG).<ref name="SumathiSurekha2007">{{cite book|author1=S. Sumathi|author2=P. Surekha|title=LabVIEW based Advanced Instrumentation Systems|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=TTP1KDSzMg4C&pg=PA305|year=2007|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-540-48501-8|page=305}}</ref>

Conventional PCI and PCI-X are sometimes called '''Parallel PCI''' in order to distinguish them technologically from their more recent successor [[PCI Express]], which adopted a serial, lane-based architecture.<ref name="Williams2008"/><ref name="Bachmutsky2011">{{cite book|author=Alexander Bachmutsky|title=System Design for Telecommunication Gateways|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=q9ky8sw8LoAC&pg=PT81|year=2011|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-119-95642-6|page=81}}</ref> Conventional PCI's heyday in the desktop computer market was approximately the decade 1995-2005.<ref name="Williams2008">{{cite book|author=John Williams|title=Digital VLSI Design with Verilog: A Textbook from Silicon Valley Technical Institute|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=CGZPGmac9JwC&pg=PA67|year=2008|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-4020-8446-1|page=67}}</ref> PCI and PCI-X have become obsolete for most purposes, however, they are still common on modern desktops for the purposes of backwards compatibility and the low relative cost to produce. Many kinds of devices previously available on PCI expansion cards are now commonly integrated onto motherboards or available in [[universal serial bus]] and [[PCI Express]] versions.

==History==
[[Image:32-bit PCI card.JPG|200px|thumb|right|A typical 32-bit, 5 V-only PCI card, in this case, a [[SCSI]] adapter from [[Adaptec]].]]
[[Image:PCI und PCIe Slots.jpg|thumb|right|A motherboard with two 32-bit PCI slots and two sizes of PCI Express slots]]
Work on PCI began at [[Intel]]'s [[Intel Architecture Labs|Architecture Development Lab]] circa 1990.

A team of Intel engineers (composed primarily of ADL engineers) defined the architecture and developed a proof of concept chipset and platform (Saturn) partnering with teams in the company's desktop PC systems and core logic product organizations. The original PCI architecture team included, among others, Dave Carson, Norm Rasmussen, Brad Hosler, Ed Solari, Bruce Young, Gary Solomon, Ali Oztaskin, Tom Sakoda, Rich Haslam, Jeff Rabe, and Steve Fischer.{{cn|date=December 2013}}

PCI was immediately put to use in servers, replacing [[Micro Channel Architecture|MCA]] and [[Extended Industry Standard Architecture|EISA]] as the server expansion bus of choice. In mainstream PCs, PCI was slower to replace [[VESA Local Bus]] (VLB), and did not gain significant market penetration until late 1994 in second-generation [[Intel P5 (microarchitecture)|Pentium]] PCs. By 1996, VLB was all but extinct, and manufacturers had adopted PCI even for [[Intel 80486|486]] computers.<ref>VLB was designed for 486-based systems, yet even the more generic PCI was to gain prominence on that platform.</ref> EISA continued to be used alongside PCI through 2000. [[Apple Computer]] adopted PCI for professional [[Power Macintosh]] computers (replacing [[NuBus]]) in mid-1995, and the consumer [[Macintosh Performa|Performa]] product line (replacing LC [[Processor Direct Slot|PDS]]) in mid-1996.

The 64-bit version of plain PCI remained rare in practice though,<ref name="Meyers2012">{{cite book|author=Michael Meyers|title=CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One Exam Guide, 8th Edition |year=2012|publisher=McGraw Hill Professional|isbn=978-0-07-179512-8|page=339}}</ref> although it was used for example by all [[Power Macintosh G3 (Blue & White)|(post-iMac) G3]] and [[Power Mac G4|G4 Power Macintosh computers]].<Ref>[http://www.lacie.com/support/support_manifest.htm?id=10524&article=1164 Identify a variety of PCI slots], LaCie</ref>

Later revisions of PCI added new features and performance improvements, including a 66 [[MegaHertz|MHz]] 3.3 [[Volt|V]] standard and 133 MHz [[PCI-X]], and the adaptation of PCI signaling to other form factors. Both PCI-X 1.0b and PCI-X 2.0 are backward compatible with some PCI standards.

The PCI-SIG introduced the serial [[PCI Express]] in circa 2004. At the same time, they renamed ''PCI'' as ''Conventional PCI''. Since then, motherboard manufacturers have included progressively fewer Conventional PCI slots in favor of the new standard.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ PCI History<ref>[http://www.pcisig.com/specifications/PCI_Family_History.pdf PCI Family History]</ref>
|-
! Spec !! Year !! Change Summary<ref name="pci30"/>
|-
| PCI 1.0 || 1992 || Original issue
|-
| PCI 2.0 || 1993 || Incorporated connector and add-in card specification
|-
| PCI 2.1 || 1995 || Incorporated clarifications and added 66 MHz chapter
|-
| PCI 2.2 || 1998 || Incorporated [[Engineering Change Notice|ECN]]s, and improved readability
|-
| PCI 2.3 || 2002 || Incorporated ECNs, errata, and deleted 5 volt only keyed add-in cards
|-
| PCI 3.0 || 2002 || Removed support for the 5.0 volt keyed system board connector
|}

==Auto configuration==
PCI provides separate memory and I/O port [[address space]]s for the [[x86]] processor family, [[64-bit|64]] and [[32-bit|32 bits]], respectively. Addresses in these address spaces are assigned by software. A third address space, called the [[PCI Configuration Space]], which uses a fixed addressing scheme, allows software to determine the amount of memory and I/O address space needed by each device. Each device can request up to six areas of memory space or [[Input/output|I/O]] port space via its configuration space registers.

In a typical system, the [[firmware]] (or [[operating system]]) queries all PCI buses at startup time (via [[PCI Configuration Space]]) to find out what devices are present and what system resources (memory space, I/O space, interrupt lines, etc.) each needs. It then allocates the resources and tells each device what its allocation is.

The PCI configuration space also contains a small amount of device type information, which helps an operating system choose device drivers for it, or at least to have a dialogue with a user about the system configuration.

Devices may have an on-board [[Read-only memory|ROM]] containing executable code for x86 or [[PA-RISC family|PA-RISC]] processors, an [[Open Firmware]] driver, or an [[Extensible Firmware Interface|EFI]] driver. These are typically necessary for devices used during system startup, before device drivers are loaded by the operating system.

In addition, there are '''PCI Latency Timers''' that are a mechanism for '''PCI Bus-Mastering''' devices to share the PCI bus fairly. "Fair" in this case means that devices will not use such a large portion of the available PCI bus bandwidth that other devices are not able to get needed work done. Note, this does not apply to PCI Express.

{{quote|How this works is that each PCI device that can operate in bus-master mode is required to implement a timer, called the Latency Timer, that limits the time that device can hold the PCI bus. The timer starts when the device gains bus ownership, and counts down at the rate of the PCI clock. When the counter reaches zero, the device is required to release the bus. If no other devices are waiting for bus ownership, it may simply grab the bus again and transfer more data.<ref>{{Cite web
| title = PCI Latency Timer Howto
| publisher = Reric.NET by Eric Seppanen
| date = 2004-11-14
| url = http://www.reric.net/linux/pci_latency.html
| accessdate = 2008-07-17
| postscript = {{inconsistent citations}}}}
</ref>}}

==Interrupts==
Devices are required to follow a protocol so that the [[interrupt]] lines can be shared. The PCI bus includes four interrupt lines, all of which are available to each device. However, they are not wired in parallel as are the other PCI bus lines. The positions of the interrupt lines rotate between slots, so what appears to one device as the INTA# line is INTB# to the next and INTC# to the one after that. Single-function devices use their INTA# for interrupt signaling, so the device load is spread fairly evenly across the four available interrupt lines. This alleviates a common problem with sharing interrupts.

PCI bridges (between two PCI buses) map the four interrupt traces on each of their sides in varying ways. Some bridges use a fixed mapping, and in others it is configurable. In the general case, software cannot determine which interrupt line a device's INTA# pin is connected to across a bridge. The mapping of PCI interrupt lines onto system interrupt lines, through the PCI host bridge, is similarly implementation-dependent. The result is that it can be impossible to determine how a PCI device's interrupts will appear to software. Platform-specific BIOS code is meant to know this, and set a field in each device's configuration space indicating which IRQ it is connected to, but this process is unreliable.

PCI interrupt lines are [[interrupt#Level-triggered|level-triggered]]. This was chosen over [[interrupt#Edge-triggered|edge-triggering]] in order to gain an advantage when servicing a shared interrupt line, and for robustness: edge triggered interrupts are easy to miss.

Later revisions of the PCI specification add support for [[Message Signaled Interrupts|message-signaled interrupts]]. In this system, a device signals its need for service by performing a memory write, rather than by asserting a dedicated line. This alleviates the problem of scarcity of interrupt lines. Even if interrupt vectors are still shared, it does not suffer the sharing problems of level-triggered interrupts. It also resolves the routing problem, because the memory write is not unpredictably modified between device and host. Finally, because the message signaling is [[in-band signalling|in-band]], it resolves some synchronization problems that can occur with posted writes and [[out-of-band#Computing|out-of-band]] interrupt lines.

[[PCI Express]] does not have physical interrupt lines at all. It uses message-signaled interrupts exclusively.

==Conventional hardware specifications==
[[Image:PCI Keying.png|400px|thumb|right|Diagram showing the different key positions for 32-bit and 64-bit PCI cards]]
These specifications represent the most common version of PCI used in normal PCs.
* {{nowrap|33.33 MHz}} [[clock signal|clock]] with [[Synchronous circuit|synchronous]] transfers
* Peak transfer rate of 133 [[Megabyte|MB]]/s (133 [[megabyte]]s per second) for 32-bit bus width (33.33 MHz × 32 bits ÷ 8 bits/byte = 133 MB/s)
* [[32-bit]] bus width
* 32- or 64-bit memory address space (4 [[gigabyte]]s or 16 [[exabyte]]s)
* 32-bit I/O port space
* 256-[[byte]] (per device) configuration space
* 5-volt signaling
* [[Reflected-wave switching]]

The PCI specification also provides options for 3.3 V signaling, [[64-bit]] bus width, and 66 MHz clocking, but these are not commonly encountered outside of PCI-X support on server motherboards.

The PCI bus arbiter performs bus arbitration among multiple masters on the PCI bus. Any number of bus masters can reside on the PCI bus, as well as requests for the bus. One pair of request and grant signals is dedicated to each bus master.

===Card voltage and keying===
[[Image:Intelpromtserverpcixadapter1000mta342.jpg|200px|thumb|right|A PCI-X [[Gigabit Ethernet]] expansion card with both 5 V and 3.3 V support notches.]]
Typical PCI cards have either one or two key notches, depending on their signaling voltage. Cards requiring 3.3 volts have a notch 56.21 mm from the card backplate; those requiring 5 volts have a notch 104.47 mm from the backplate. "Universal cards" accepting either voltage have both key notches. This allows cards to be fitted only into slots with a voltage they support.

===Connector pinout===
The PCI connector is defined as having 62 contacts on each side of the [[edge connector]], but two or four of them are replaced by key notches, so a card has 60 or 58 contacts on each side. Pin 1 is closest to the backplate. B and A sides are as follows, looking down into the motherboard connector.<ref name=pci30>PCI Local Bus Specification, revision 3.0</ref><ref name=pci23>PCI Local Bus Specification, revision 2.3</ref><ref>[http://www.allpinouts.org/index.php/PCI PCI Connector Pinout]</ref>

{|class=wikitable
|+ 32-bit PCI connector pinout
! Pin !!colspan="2"| Side B !!colspan="2"| Side A !! Comments
|-
! 1
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| −12 V ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#66f"| TRST# ||rowspan=4| [[Joint Test Action Group|JTAG]] port pins (optional)
|-
! 2
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#66f"| TCK ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| +12 V
|-
! 3
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#66f"| TMS
|-
! 4
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#f69"| TDO ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#66f"| TDI
|-
! 5
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| +5 V ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| +5 V ||
|-
! 6
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| +5 V ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#fc6"| INTA# ||rowspan=3|Interrupt lines (open-drain)
|-
! 7
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#fc6"| INTB# ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#fc6"| INTC#
|-
! 8
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#fc6"| INTD# ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| +5 V
|-
! 9
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#f69"| PRSNT1# ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#ff9"| Reserved || Pulled low to indicate 7.5 or 25 W power required
|-
! 10
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#ff9"| Reserved ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| IOPWR || +5 V or +3.3 V
|-
! 11
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#f69"| PRSNT2# ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#ff9"| Reserved || Pulled low to indicate 7.5 or 15 W power required
|-
! 12
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground ||rowspan=2| Key notch for 3.3 V-capable cards
|-
! 13
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground
|-
! 14
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#ff9"| Reserved ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| 3.3 V aux || [[Standby power]] (optional)
|-
! 15
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#66f"| RST# || Bus reset
|-
! 16
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#66f"| CLK ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| IOPWR || 33/66 MHz clock
|-
! 17
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#66f"| GNT# || Bus grant from motherboard to card
|-
! 18
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#f69"| REQ# ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground || Bus request from card to motherboard
|-
! 19
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| IOPWR ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#fc6"| PME# || Power management event (optional) 3.3 V, open drain, active low.<ref name=pcipwr12>PCI Power
Management Interface Specification v1.2</ref>
|-
! 20
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[31] ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[30] ||rowspan=14| Address/data bus (upper half)
|-
! 21
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[29] ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| +3.3 V
|-
! 22
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[28]
|-
! 23
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[27] ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[26]
|-
! 24
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[25] ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground
|-
! 25
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| +3.3 V ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[24]
|-
! 26
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#f9f"| C/BE[3]# ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#66f"| IDSEL
|-
! 27
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[23] ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| +3.3 V
|-
! 28
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[22]
|-
! 29
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[21] ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[20]
|-
! 30
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[19] ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground
|-
! 31
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| +3.3 V ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[18]
|-
! 32
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[17] ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[16]
|-
! 33
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#f9f"| C/BE[2]# ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| +3.3 V
|-
! 34
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#f9f"| FRAME# || Bus transfer in progress
|-
! 35
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#f9f"| IRDY# ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground || Initiator ready
|-
! 36
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| +3.3 V ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#99f"| TRDY# || Target ready
|-
! 37
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#99f"| DEVSEL# ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground || Target selected
|-
! 38
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#99f"| STOP# || Target requests halt
|-
! 39
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#f9f"| LOCK# ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| +3.3 V || Locked transaction
|-
! 40
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#f69"| PERR# ||align=center style="background:#fc6"| SMBCLK ||align=center style="background:#f9f"| ''SDONE'' || Parity error; [[SMBus]] clock or ''Snoop done (obsolete)''
|-
! 41
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| +3.3 V ||align=center style="background:#fc6"| SMBDAT ||align=center style="background:#f9f"|''SBO#'' || SMBus data or ''Snoop backoff (obsolete)''
|-
! 42
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#fc6"| SERR# ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground || System error
|-
! 43
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| +3.3 V ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| PAR || Even parity over AD[31:00] and C/BE[3:0]#
|-
! 44
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#f9f"| C/BE[1]# ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[15] ||rowspan=6| Address/data bus (lower half)
|-
! 45
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[14] ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| +3.3 V
|-
! 46
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[13]
|-
! 47
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[12] ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[11]
|-
! 48
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[10] ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground
|-
! 49
|align=center style="background:#fc6"| M66EN ||align=center style="background:#999"| Ground ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[09]
|-
! 50
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground ||rowspan=2| Key notch for 5 V-capable cards
|-
! 51
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground
|-
! 52
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[08] ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#f9f"| C/BE[0]# ||rowspan=7| Address/data bus (lower half)
|-
! 53
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[07] ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| +3.3 V
|-
! 54
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| +3.3 V ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[06]
|-
! 55
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[05] ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[04]
|-
! 56
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[03] ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground
|-
! 57
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#999"| Ground ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[02]
|-
! 58
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[01] ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#9f9"| AD[00]
|-
! 59
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| IOPWR ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| IOPWR ||
|-
! 60
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:#99f"| ACK64# ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:#f9f"| REQ64# || For 64-bit extension; no connect for 32-bit devices.
|-
! 61
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| +5 V ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| +5 V ||rowspan=2|
|-
! 62
|align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| +5 V ||align=center colspan="2" style="background:silver"| +5 V
|}
64-bit PCI extends this by an additional 32 contacts on each side which provide AD[63:32], C/BE[7:4]#, the PAR64 parity signal, and a number of power and ground pins.
{|class=wikitable
|+Legend
!style="background:#999"| Ground pin
| Zero volt reference
|-
!style="background:silver"| Power pin
| Supplies power to the PCI card
|-
!style="background:#f69"| Output pin
| Driven by the PCI card, received by the motherboard
|-
!style="background:#f9f"| Initiator output
| Driven by the master/initiator, received by the target
|-
!style="background:#9f9"|I/O signal
| May be driven by initiator or target, depending on operation
|-
!style="background:#99f"| Target output
| Driven by the target, received by the initiator/master
|-
!style="background:#66f"| Input
| Driven by the motherboard, received by the PCI card
|-
!style="background:#fc6"| [[Open drain]]
| May be pulled low and/or sensed by multiple cards
|-
!style="background:#ff9"| Reserved
| Not presently used, do not connect
|}

Most lines are connected to each slot in parallel. The exceptions are:
* Each slot has its own REQ# output to, and GNT# input from the motherboard arbiter.
* Each slot has its own IDSEL line, usually connected to a specific AD line.
* TDO is daisy-chained to the following slot's TDI. Cards without [[Joint Test Action Group|JTAG]] support must connect TDI to TDO so as not to break the chain.
* PRSNT1# and PRSNT2# for each slot have their own pull-up resistors on the motherboard. The motherboard may (but does not have to) sense these pins to determine the presence of PCI cards and their power requirements.
* REQ64# and ACK64# are individually pulled up on 32-bit only slots.
* The interrupt lines INTA# through INTD# are connected to all slots in different orders. (INTA# on one slot is INTB# on the next and INTC# on the one after that.)

Notes:
* IOPWR is +3.3 V or +5 V, depending on the backplane. The slots also have a ridge in one of two places which prevents insertion of cards that do not have the corresponding key notch, indicating support for that voltage standard. Universal cards have both key notches and use IOPWR to determine their I/O signal levels.
* The PCI SIG strongly encourages 3.3 V PCI signaling,<ref name=pci30/> requiring support for it since standard revision 2.3,<ref name=pci23/> but most PC motherboards use the 5 V variant. Thus, while many currently available PCI cards support both, and have two key notches to indicate that, there are still a large number of 5 V-only cards on the market.
* The M66EN pin is an additional ground on 5 V PCI buses found in most PC motherboards. Cards and motherboards that do not support 66 MHz operation also ground this pin. If all participants support 66 MHz operation, a pull-up resistor on the motherboard raises this signal high and 66 MHz operation is enabled.
* At least one of PRSNT1# and PRSNT2# must be grounded by the card. The combination chosen indicates the total power requirements of the card (25 W, 15 W, or 7.5 W).
* SBO# and SDONE are signals from a cache controller to the current target. They are not initiator outputs, but are colored that way because they are target inputs.
* PME# (19A) - Power management event (optional) which is supported in PCI {{nowrap|version 2.2}} and higher. It's a {{nowrap|3.3 V,}} [[Open collector|open drain]], active low signal.<ref name=pcipwr12/> PCI cards may use this signal to send and receive PME via the PCI socket directly, which eliminates the need for a special [[Wake-on-LAN#Hardware implementations|Wake-on-LAN cable]].<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20070308143030/http://xlife.zuavra.net/index.php/60/ archive.org/zuavra.net - Using Wake-On-LAN WOL/PME to power up your computer remotely]</ref>

===Mixing of 32-bit and 64-bit PCI cards in different width slots===
Most 32-bit PCI cards will function properly in 64-bit PCI-X slots, but the bus speed will be limited to the clock frequency of the slowest card, an inherent limitation of PCI's shared bus topology. For example, when a PCI 2.3, 66-MHz peripheral is installed into a PCI-X bus capable of 133 MHz, the entire bus backplane will be limited to 66 MHz. To get around this limitation, many motherboards have multiple PCI/PCI-X buses, with one bus intended for use with high-speed PCI-X peripherals, and the other bus intended for general-purpose peripherals.

Many 64-bit PCI-X cards are designed to work in 32-bit mode if inserted in shorter 32-bit connectors, with some loss of speed.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://docs.znyx.com/products/hardware/zx370.htm
| title = ZX370 Series
| accessdate = July 13, 2012
| author = ZNYX Networks
| date = June 16, 2009
| quote = The ZX370 Series is a true 64-bit adapter, widening the network pipeline to achieve higher throughput, while offering backward compatibility with standard 32-bit PCI slots.
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
| url = http://docs.znyx.com/products/pdf/ZX370_Datasheet_02_web.pdf
| title = ZX370 Series Multi-Channel PCI Fast Ethernet Adapter
| accessdate = July 13, 2012
| author = ZNYX Networks
| format = pdf
| quote = Backward compatible with 32 bit, 33 MHz PCI slots
}}</ref> An example of this is the Adaptec 29160 64-bit [[SCSI]] interface card.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.adaptec.com/en-us/support/scsi/u160/asc-29160/_docs/29160_users_reference_pdf.htm?nc=/en-us/support/scsi/u160/asc-29160/_docs/29160_users_reference_pdf.htm
| title = Adaptec SCSI Card 29160 Ultra160 SCSI Controller User's Reference
| accessdate = July 13, 2012
| author = Adaptec
| year = 2000
| month = January
| format = pdf
| page = 1
| quote = Although the Adaptec SCSI Card 29160 is a 64-bit PCI card, it also works in a 32-bit PCI slot. When installed in a 32-bit PCI slot, the card automatically runs in the slower 32-bit mode.
}}</ref> However, some 64-bit PCI-X cards do not work in standard 32-bit PCI slots.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.lacie.com/support/support_manifest.htm?id=10525&article=1164
| title = LaCie support: Identify a variety of PCI slots
| accessdate = July 13, 2012
| author = LaCie
}}</ref>{{Verify credibility|date=July 2012}}

Installing a 64-bit PCI-X card in a 32-bit slot will leave the 64-bit portion of the card edge connector not connected and overhanging. This requires that there be no motherboard components positioned so as to mechanically obstruct the overhanging portion of the card edge connector.

==Physical card dimensions==
===Full-size card===
The original "full-size" PCI card is specified as a height of 107 mm (4.2 inches) and a depth of 312 mm (12.283 inches). The height includes the edge card connector. However, most modern PCI cards are half-length or smaller (see below) and many modern PCs cannot fit a full-size card.

===Card backplate===
In addition to these dimensions the physical size and location of a card's backplate are also standardized. The backplate is the part that fastens to the card cage to stabilize the card and also contains external connectors, so it usually attaches in a window so it is accessible from outside the computer case. The backplate is typically fixed to the cage by either a 6-32 or M3 [[Computer case screws|screw]], or with a separate hold-down bracket.

The card itself can be a smaller size, but the backplate must still be full-size and properly located so that the card fits in any standard PCI slot.

===Half-length extension card (''de facto'' standard)===
This is in fact the practical standard now – the majority of modern PCI cards fit inside this length.
*Width: 0.6 inches (15.24 mm)
*Depth: 6.9 inches (175.26 mm)
*Height: 4.2 inches (106.68 mm)

===Low-profile (half-height) card===
The PCI organization has defined a standard for "low-profile" cards, which basically fit in the following ranges:
* Height: 1.42 inches (36.07 mm) to 2.536 inches (64.41 mm)
* Depth: 4.721 inches (119.91 mm) to 6.6 inches (167.64 mm)
The bracket is also reduced in height, to a standard 3.118 inches (79.2 mm). The smaller bracket will not fit a standard PC case, but will fit in a [[Rack unit|2U rack-mount]] case. Many manufacturers supply both types of bracket (brackets are typically screwed to the card so changing them is not difficult).

These cards may be known by other names such as "slim".<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.pcisig.com/news_room/faqs/#low_profile_pci | title = Low Profile PCI | type = FAQ | publisher = PCI SIG}}.</ref><ref>{{Citation | contribution-url = http://www.pcisig.com/specifications/conventional/conventional_pci/lowp_ecn.pdf | title = Conventional PCI | contribution = Low Profile PCI | type = specification | publisher = PCI SIG}}.</ref>

===Mini PCI===
[[Image:MiniPCI WiFi.jpg|thumb|right|200px| Mini PCI [[Wi-Fi]] card Type IIIB]][[Image:MiniPCI PCI.jpg|thumb|PCI-to-MiniPCI converter Type III]][[Image:MiniPCI and MiniPCI Express cards.jpg|thumb|MiniPCI and MiniPCI Express cards in comparison]]'''Mini PCI''' was added to PCI version 2.2 for use in [[laptop]]s; it uses a 32-bit, 33 MHz bus with powered connections (3.3 V only; 5 V is limited to 100 mA) and support for [[bus mastering]] and [[direct memory access|DMA]]. The standard size for Mini PCI cards is approximately a quarter of their full-sized counterparts. As there is no access to the card from outside the case, unlike desktop PCI cards with brackets carrying connectors, there are limitations on the functions they may perform.

Many Mini PCI devices were developed such as [[Wi-Fi]], [[Fast Ethernet]], [[Bluetooth]], [[modem]]s (often [[Softmodem|Winmodems]]), [[sound card]]s, [[cryptographic accelerator]]s, [[SCSI]], [[Integrated Drive Electronics|IDE]]–[[AT Attachment|ATA]], [[SATA]] controllers and combination cards. Mini PCI cards can be used with regular PCI-equipped hardware, using Mini PCI-to-PCI ''converters''. Mini PCI has been superseded by the much narrower [[PCI Express Mini Card]].

====Technical details of Mini PCI====
Mini PCI cards have a 2 W maximum power consumption, which limits the functionality that can be implemented in this form factor. They also are required to support the CLKRUN# PCI signal used to start and stop the PCI clock for power management purposes.

There are three card [[computer form factor|form factors]]: Type I, Type II, and Type III cards. The card connector used for each type include: Type I and II use a 100-pin stacking connector, while Type III uses a 124-pin edge connector, i.e. the connector for Types I and II differs from that for Type III, where the connector is on the edge of a card, like with a [[SO-DIMM]]. The additional 24 pins provide the extra signals required to route [[input/output|I/O]] back through the system connector (audio, [[AC'97|AC-Link]], [[LAN]], phone-line interface). Type II cards have RJ11 and RJ45 mounted connectors. These cards must be located at the edge of the computer or docking station so that the RJ11 and RJ45 ports can be mounted for external access.

{| class="wikitable"
!Type||Card on outer edge of host system||Connector||Size||Comments
|-
|IA||No||100-Pin Stacking||7.5 × 70 × 45 mm||Large Z dimension (7.5 mm)
|-
|IB||No||100-Pin Stacking||5.5 × 70 × 45 mm||Smaller Z dimension (5.5 mm)
|-
|IIA||Yes||100-Pin Stacking||17.44 × 70 × 45 mm||Large Z dimension (17.44 mm)
|-
|IIB||Yes||100-Pin Stacking||5.5 × 78 × 45 mm||Smaller Z dimension (5.5 mm)
|-
|IIIA||No||124-Pin Card Edge||2.4 × 59.6 × 50.95 mm||Larger Y dimension (50.95 mm)
|-
|IIIB||No||124-Pin Card Edge||2.4 × 59.6 × 44.6 mm||Smaller Y dimension (44.6 mm)
|}

Mini PCI is distinct from 144-pin Micro PCI.<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.ibase.com.tw/FAQ.htm | title = Micro PCI, Micro AGP | type = FAQ | publisher = iBASE}}.</ref>

===PC/104-Plus and PCI-104===
The [[PC/104]]-Plus and [[PCI-104]] embedded form factors include a stacking 120 pin PCI connector.

===Other physical variations===
Typically consumer systems specify "N × PCI slots" without specifying actual dimensions of the space available. In some small-form-factor systems, this may not be sufficient to allow even "half-length" PCI cards to fit. Despite this limitation, these systems are still useful because many modern PCI cards are considerably smaller than half-length.

==PCI bus transactions==
PCI bus traffic consists of a series of PCI bus transactions. Each transaction consists of an ''address phase'' followed by one or more ''data phases''. The direction of the data phases may be from initiator to target (write transaction) or vice-versa (read transaction), but all of the data phases must be in the same direction. Either party may pause or halt the data phases at any point. (One common example is a low-performance PCI device that does not support burst transactions, and always halts a transaction after the first data phase.)

Any PCI device may initiate a transaction. First, it must request permission from a PCI bus arbiter on the motherboard. The arbiter grants permission to one of the requesting devices. The initiator begins the address phase by broadcasting a 32-bit address plus a 4-bit command code, then waits for a target to respond. All other devices examine this address and one of them responds a few cycles later.

64-bit addressing is done using a two-stage address phase. The initiator broadcasts the low 32 address bits, accompanied by a special "dual address cycle" command code. Devices which do not support 64-bit addressing can simply not respond to that command code. The next cycle, the initiator transmits the high 32 address bits, plus the real command code. The transaction operates identically from that point on. To ensure compatibility with 32-bit PCI devices, it is forbidden to use a dual address cycle if not necessary, i.e. if the high-order address bits are all zero.

While the PCI bus transfers 32 bits per data phase, the initiator transmits 4 active-low byte enable signals indicating which 8-bit bytes are to be considered significant. In particular, a write must affect only the enabled bytes in the target PCI device. They are of little importance for memory reads, but I/O reads might have side effects. The PCI standard explicitly allows a data phase with no bytes enabled, which must behave as a no-op.

===PCI address spaces===
PCI has three address spaces: memory, I/O address, and configuration.

Memory addresses are 32 bits (optionally 64 bits) in size, support [[cache (computing)|caching]] and can be burst transactions.

I/O addresses are for compatibility with the Intel [[x86 architecture]]'s I/O port address space. Although the PCI bus specification allows burst transactions in any address space, most devices only support it for memory addresses and not I/O.

Finally, [[PCI configuration space]] provides access to 256 bytes of special configuration registers per PCI device. Each PCI slot gets its own configuration space address range. The registers are used to configure devices memory and I/O address ranges they should respond to from transaction initiators. When a computer is first turned on, all PCI devices respond only to their configuration space accesses. The computer's BIOS scans for devices and assigns Memory and I/O address ranges to them.

If an address is not claimed by any device, the transaction initiator's address phase will time out causing the initiator to abort the operation. In case of reads, it is customary to supply all-ones for the read data value (0xFFFFFFFF) in this case. PCI devices therefore generally attempt to avoid using the all-ones value in important status registers, so that such an error can be easily detected by software.

===PCI command codes===
{{See also|PCI configuration space}}
There are 16 possible 4-bit command codes, and 12 of them are assigned. With the exception of the unique dual address cycle, the least significant bit of the command code indicates whether the following data phases are a read (data sent from target to initiator) or a write (data sent from an initiator to target). PCI targets must examine the command code as well as the address and not respond to address phases which specify an unsupported command code.

The commands that refer to cache lines depend on the [[PCI configuration space]] cache line size register being set up properly; they may not be used until that has been done.

; 0000: Interrupt Acknowledge
: This is a special form of read cycle implicitly addressed to the interrupt controller, which returns an interrupt vector. The 32-bit address field is ignored. One possible implementation is to generate an interrupt acknowledge cycle on an ISA bus using a PCI/ISA bus bridge. This command is for [[IBM PC compatible|IBM PC compatibility]]; if there is no [[Intel 8259]] style interrupt controller on the PCI bus, this cycle need never be used.

; 0001: Special Cycle
: This cycle is a special broadcast write of system events that PCI card may be interested in. The address field of a special cycle is ignored, but it is followed by a data phase containing a payload message. The currently defined messages announce that the processor is stopping for some reason (e.g. to save power). No device ever responds to this cycle; it is always terminated with a master abort after leaving the data on the bus for at least 4 cycles.

; 0010: I/O Read
: This performs a read from I/O space. All 32 bits of the read address are provided, so that a device can (for compatibility reasons) implement less than 4 bytes worth of I/O registers. If the byte enables request data not within the address range supported by the PCI device (e.g. a 4-byte read from a device which only supports 2 bytes of I/O address space), it must be terminated with a target abort. Multiple data cycles are permitted, using linear (simple incrementing) burst ordering.
: The PCI standard is discouraging the use of I/O space in new devices, preferring that as much as possible be done through main memory mapping.

; 0011: I/O Write
: This performs a write to I/O space.

; 010''x'': Reserved
: A PCI device must not respond to an address cycle with these command codes.

; 0110: Memory Read
: This performs a read cycle from memory space. Because the smallest memory space a PCI device is permitted to implement is 16 bits, the two least significant bits of the address are not needed; equivalent information will arrive in the form of byte select signals. They instead specify the order in which burst data must be returned. If a device does not support the requested order, it must provide the first word and then disconnect.
: If a memory space is marked as "prefetchable", then the target device must ignore the byte select signals on a memory read and always return 32 valid bits.

; 0111: Memory Write
: This operates similarly to a memory read. The byte select signals are more important in a write, as unselected bytes must not be written to memory.
: Generally, PCI writes are faster than PCI reads, because a device can buffer the incoming write data and release the bus faster. For a read, it must delay the data phase until the data has been fetched.

; 100''x'': Reserved
: A PCI device must not respond to an address cycle with these command codes.

; 1010: Configuration Read
: This is similar to an I/O read, but reads from PCI configuration space. A device must respond only if the low 11 bits of the address specify a function and register that it implements, and if the special IDSEL signal is asserted. It must ignore the high 21 bits. Burst reads (using linear incrementing) are permitted in PCI configuration space.
: Unlike I/O space, standard PCI configuration registers are defined so that reads never disturb the state of the device. It is possible for a device to have configuration space registers beyond the standard 64 bytes which have read side effects, but this is rare.<ref>{{Cite mailing list |url=http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=100698181808532 |subject=Re: sym53c875: reading /proc causes SCSI parity error |first=Gérard |last=Roudier |date=2001-11-28 |mailinglist=linux-kernel}}</ref>
: Configuration space accesses often have a few cycles of delay in order to allow the IDSEL lines to stabilize, which makes them slower than other forms of access. Also, a configuration space access requires a multi-step operation rather than a single machine instruction. Thus, it is best to avoid them during routine operation of a PCI device.

; 1011: Configuration Write
: This operates analogously to a configuration read.

; 1100: Memory Read Multiple
: This command is identical to a generic memory read, but includes the hint that a long read burst will continue beyond the end of the current cache line, and the target should internally [[prefetch]] a large amount of data. A target is always permitted to consider this a synonym for a generic memory read.

; 1101: Dual Address Cycle
: When accessing a memory address that requires more than 32 bits to represent, the address phase begins with this command and the low 32 bits of the address, followed by a second cycle with the actual command and the high 32 bits of the address. PCI targets that do not support 64-bit addressing can simply treat this as another reserved command code and not respond to it. This command code can only be used with a non-zero high-order address word; it is forbidden to use this cycle if not necessary.

; 1110: Memory Read Line
: This command is identical to a generic memory read, but includes the hint that the read will continue to the end of the cache line. A target is always permitted to consider this a synonym for a generic memory read.

; 1111: Memory Write and Invalidate
: This command is identical to a generic memory write, but comes with the guarantee that one or more whole cache lines will be written, with all byte selects enabled. This is an optimization for write-back caches snooping the bus. Normally, a write-back cache holding dirty data must interrupt the write operation long enough write its own dirty data first. If the write is performed using this command, the data to be written back is guaranteed to be irrelevant, and can simply be invalidated in the write-back cache.
: This optimization only affects the snooping cache, and makes no difference to the target, which may treat this as a synonym for the memory write command.

==PCI bus latency==

Soon after promulgation of the PCI specification, it was discovered that lengthy transactions by some devices, due to slow acknowledgments, long data bursts, or some combination, could cause [[buffer underrun]] or overrun in other devices. Recommendations on the timing of individual phases in Revision 2.0 were made mandatory in revision 2.1:<ref name="changes21">{{Cite journal |url=ftp://download.intel.com/design/chipsets/applnots/27301101.pdf |title=PCI Local Bus Specification: Revision 2.1 vs. Revision 2.0 |year=1997 |month=March |publisher=Intel Corporation |series=Application Note AP-753 |postscript={{inconsistent citations}}}}</ref>
* A target must be able to complete the initial data phase (assert TRDY# and/or STOP#) within 16 cycles of the start of a transaction.
* An initiator must complete each data phase (assert IRDY#) within 8 cycles.
Additionally, as of revision 2.1, all initiators capable of bursting more than 2 data phases must implement a programmable latency timer. The timer starts counting clock cycles when a transaction starts (initiator asserts FRAME#). If the timer has expired ''and'' the arbiter has removed GNT#, then the initiator must terminate the transaction at the next legal opportunity. This is usually the next data phase, but Memory Write and Invalidate transactions must continue to the end of the cache line.

===Delayed transactions===
Devices unable to meet those timing restrictions must use a combination of [[#Posted writes|posted writes]] (for memory writes) and delayed transactions (for other writes and all reads). In a delayed transaction, the target records the transaction (including the write data) internally and aborts (asserts STOP# rather than TRDY#) the first data phase. The initiator ''must'' retry exactly the same transaction later. In the interim, the target internally performs the transaction, and waits for the retried transaction. When the retried transaction is seen, the buffered result is delivered.

A device may be the target of other transactions while completing one delayed transaction; it must remember the transaction type, address, byte selects and (if a write) data value, and only complete the correct transaction.

If the target has a limit on the number of delayed transactions that it can record internally (simple targets may impose a limit of 1), it will force those transactions to retry without recording them. They will be dealt with when the current delayed transaction is completed. If two initiators attempt the same transaction, a delayed transaction begun by one may have its result delivered to the other; this is harmless.

A target abandons a delayed transaction when a retry succeeds in delivering the buffered result, the bus is reset, or when 215=32768 clock cycles (approximately 1 ms) elapse without seeing a retry. The latter should never happen in normal operation, but it prevents a [[deadlock]] of the whole bus if one initiator is reset or malfunctions.

==PCI bus bridges==
The PCI standard permits multiple independent PCI buses to be connected by bus bridges that will forward operations on one bus to another when required. Although conventional PCI tends not to use many bus bridges, PCI express systems use many; each PCI express slot appears to be a separate bus, connected by a bridge to the others.

===Posted writes===
Generally, when a bus bridge sees a transaction on one bus that must be forwarded to the other, the original transaction must wait until the forwarded transaction completes before a result is ready. One notable exception occurs in the case of memory writes. Here, the bridge may record the write data internally (if it has room) and signal completion of the write before the forwarded write has completed. Or, indeed, before it has begun. Such "sent but not yet arrived" writes are referred to as "posted writes", by analogy with a postal mail message. Although they offer great opportunity for performance gains, the rules governing what is permissible are somewhat intricate.<ref name=bridge11>PCI-to-PCI Bridge Architecture Specification, revision 1.1</ref>

===Combining, merging, and collapsing===
The PCI standard permits bus bridges to convert multiple bus transactions into one larger transaction under certain situations. This can improve the efficiency of the PCI bus.
; Combining : Write transactions to consecutive addresses may be combined into a longer burst write, as long as the order of the accesses in the burst is the same as the order of the original writes. It is permissible to insert extra data phases with all byte enables turned off if the writes are almost consecutive.
; Merging : Multiple writes to disjoint portions of the same word may be merged into a single write with multiple byte enables asserted. In this case, writes were presented to the bus bridge in a particular order are merged so they occur at the same time when forwarded.
; Collapsing : Multiple writes to the same byte or bytes may ''not'' be combined, for example, by performing only the second write and skipping the first write that was overwritten. This is because the PCI specification permits writes to have side effects.

==PCI bus signals==
PCI bus transactions are controlled by five main control signals, two driven by the initiator of a transaction (FRAME# and IRDY#), and three driven by the target (DEVSEL#, TRDY#, and STOP#). There are two additional arbitration signals (REQ# and GNT#) which are used to obtain permission to initiate a transaction. All are [[active-low]], meaning that the active or ''asserted'' state is a low [[voltage]]. Pull-up resistors on the motherboard ensure they will remain high (inactive or ''deasserted'') if not driven by any device, but the PCI bus does not depend on the resistors to ''change'' the signal level; all devices drive the signals high for one cycle before [[Three-state logic|ceasing to drive]] the signals.

===Signal timing===
All PCI bus signals are sampled on the rising edge of the clock. Signals nominally change on the falling edge of the clock, giving each PCI device approximately one half a clock cycle to decide how to respond to the signals it observed on the rising edge, and one half a clock cycle to transmit its response to the other device.

The PCI bus requires that every time the device driving a PCI bus signal changes, one ''turnaround cycle'' must elapse between the time the one device stops driving the signal and the other device starts. Without this, there might be a period when both devices were driving the signal, which would interfere with bus operation.

The combination of this turnaround cycle and the requirement to drive a control line high for one cycle before ceasing to drive it means that each of the main control lines must be high for a minimum of two cycles when changing owners. The PCI bus protocol is designed so this is rarely a limitation; only in a few special cases (notably [[#Fast back-to-back transactions|fast back-to-back transactions]]) is it necessary to insert additional delay to meet this requirement.

===Arbitration===
Any device on a PCI bus that is capable of acting as a [[bus master]] may initiate a transaction with any other device. To ensure that only one transaction is initiated at a time, each master must first wait for a bus grant signal, GNT#, from an arbiter located on the motherboard. Each device has a separate request line REQ# that requests the bus, but the arbiter may "park" the bus grant signal at any device if there are no current requests.

The arbiter may remove GNT# at any time. A device which loses GNT# may complete its current transaction, but may not start one (by asserting FRAME#) unless it observes GNT# asserted the cycle before it begins.

The arbiter may also provide GNT# at any time, including during another master's transaction. During a transaction, either FRAME# or IRDY# or both are asserted; when both are deasserted, the bus is idle. A device may initiate a transaction at any time that GNT# is asserted and the bus is idle.

===Address phase===
A PCI bus transaction begins with an ''address phase''. The initiator, seeing that it has GNT# and the bus is idle, drives the target address onto the AD[31:0] lines, the associated command (e.g. memory read, or I/O write) on the C/BE[3:0]# lines, and pulls FRAME# low.

Each other device examines the address and command and decides whether to respond as the target by asserting DEVSEL#. A device must respond by asserting DEVSEL# within 3 cycles. Devices which promise to respond within 1 or 2 cycles are said to have "fast DEVSEL" or "medium DEVSEL", respectively. (Actually, the time to respond is 2.5 cycles, since PCI devices must transmit all signals half a cycle early so that they can be received three cycles later.)

Note that a device must [[latch (electronics)|latch]] the address on the first cycle; the initiator is required to remove the address and command from the bus on the following cycle, even before receiving a DEVSEL# response. The additional time is available only for interpreting the address and command after it is captured.

On the fifth cycle of the address phase (or earlier if all other devices have medium DEVSEL or faster), a catch-all "subtractive decoding" is allowed for some address ranges. This is commonly used by an [[ISA bus]] bridge for addresses within its range (24 bits for memory and 16 bits for I/O).

On the sixth cycle, if there has been no response, the initiator may abort the transaction by deasserting FRAME#. This is known as ''master abort termination'' and it is customary for PCI bus bridges to return all-ones data (0xFFFFFFFF) in this case. PCI devices therefore are generally designed to avoid using the all-ones value in important status registers, so that such an error can be easily detected by software.

====Address phase timing====
<pre>
_ 0_ 1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_
CLK _/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/
___
GNT# \___/XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX (GNT# Irrelevant after cycle has started)
_______
FRAME# \___________________
___
AD[31:0] -------<___>--------------- (Address only valid for one cycle.)
___ _______________
C/BE[3:0]# -------<___X_______________ (Command, then first data phase byte enables)
_______________________
DEVSEL# \___\___\___\___
Fast Med Slow Subtractive
_ _ _ _ _ _ _
CLK _/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/
0 1 2 3 4 5
</pre>

On the rising edge of clock 0, the initiator observes FRAME# and IRDY# both high, and GNT# low, so it drives the address, command, and asserts FRAME# in time for the rising edge of clock 1. Targets latch the address and begin decoding it. They may respond with DEVSEL# in time for clock 2 (fast DEVSEL), 3 (medium) or 4 (slow). Subtractive decode devices, seeing no other response by clock 4, may respond on clock 5. If the master does not see a response by clock 5, it will terminate the transaction and remove FRAME# on clock 6.

TRDY# and STOP# are deasserted (high) during the address phase. The initiator may assert IRDY# as soon as it is ready to transfer data, which could theoretically be as soon as clock 2.

====Dual-cycle address====
To allow 64-bit addressing, a master will present the address over two consecutive cycles. First, it sends the low-order address bits with a special "dual-cycle address" command on the C/BE[3:0]#. On the following cycle, it sends the high-order address bits and the actual command. Dual-address cycles are forbidden if the high-order address bits are zero, so devices which do not support 64-bit addressing can simply not respond to dual cycle commands.

<pre>
_ 0_ 1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_ 6_
CLK _/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/
___
GNT# \___/XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
_______
FRAME# \_______________________
___ ___
AD[31:0] -------<___X___>--------------- (Low, then high bits)
___ ___ _______________
C/BE[3:0]# -------<___X___X_______________ (DAC, then actual command)
___________________________
DEVSEL# \___\___\___\___
Fast Med Slow
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
CLK _/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
</pre>

====Configuration access====
Addresses for PCI configuration space access are decoded specially. For these, the low-order address lines specify the offset of the desired PCI configuration register, and the high-order address lines are ignored. Instead, an additional address signal, the IDSEL input, must be high before a device may assert DEVSEL#. Each slot connects a different high-order address line to the IDSEL pin, and is selected using [[one-hot]] encoding on the upper address lines.

===Data phases===
After the address phase (specifically, beginning with the cycle that DEVSEL# goes low) comes a burst of one or more ''data phases''. In all cases, the initiator drives active-low byte select signals on the C/BE[3:0]# lines, but the data on the AD[31:0] may be driven by the initiator (in case of writes) or target (in case of reads).

During data phases, the C/BE[3:0]# lines are interpreted as active-low ''byte enables''. In case of a write, the asserted signals indicate which of the four bytes on the AD bus are to be written to the addressed location. In the case of a read, they indicate which bytes the initiator is interested in. For reads, it is always legal to ignore the byte enable signals and simply return all 32 bits; cacheable memory resources are required to always return 32 valid bits. The byte enables are mainly useful for I/O space accesses where reads have side effects.

A data phase with all four C/BE# lines deasserted is explicitly permitted by the PCI standard, and must have no effect on the target other than to advance the address in the burst access in progress.

The data phase continues until both parties are ready to complete the transfer and continue to the next data phase. The initiator asserts IRDY# (''initiator ready'') when it no longer needs to wait, while the target asserts TRDY# (''target ready''). Whichever side is providing the data must drive it on the AD bus before asserting its ready signal.

Once one of the participants asserts its ready signal, it may not become un-ready or otherwise alter its control signals until the end of the data phase. The data recipient must latch the AD bus each cycle until it sees both IRDY# and TRDY# asserted, which marks the end of the current data phase and indicates that the just-latched data is the word to be transferred.

To maintain full burst speed, the data sender then has half a clock cycle after seeing both IRDY# and TRDY# asserted to drive the next word onto the AD bus.

<pre>
0_ 1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_ 6_ 7_ 8_ 9_
CLK _/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/
___ _______ ___ ___ ___
AD[31:0] ---<___XXXXXXXXX_______XXXXX___X___X___ (If a write)
___ ___ _______ ___ ___
AD[31:0] ---<___>~~~<XXXXXXXX___X_______X___X___ (If a read)
___ _______________ _______ ___ ___
C/BE[3:0]# ---<___X_______________X_______X___X___ (Must always be valid)
_______________ | ___ | | |
IRDY# x \_______/ x \___________
___________________ | | | |
TRDY# x x \___________________
___________ | | | |
DEVSEL# \___________________________
___ | | | |
FRAME# \___________________________________
_ _ _ _ _ |_ _ |_ |_ |_
CLK _/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
</pre>
This continues the address cycle illustrated above, assuming a single address cycle with medium DEVSEL, so the target responds in time for clock 3.
However, at that time, neither side is ready to transfer data. For clock 4, the initiator is ready, but the target is not. On clock 5, both are ready, and a data transfer takes place (as indicated by the vertical lines). For clock 6, the target is ready to transfer, but the initiator is not. On clock 7, the initiator becomes ready, and data is transferred. For clocks 8 and 9, both sides remain ready to transfer data, and data is transferred at the maximum possible rate (32 bits per clock cycle).

In case of a read, clock 2 is reserved for turning around the AD bus, so the target is not permitted to drive data on the bus even if it is capable of fast DEVSEL.

====Fast DEVSEL# on reads====
A target that supports fast DEVSEL could in theory begin responding to a read the cycle after the address is presented. This cycle is, however, reserved for AD bus turnaround. Thus, a target may not drive the AD bus (and thus may not assert TRDY#) on the second cycle of a transaction. Note that most targets will not be this fast and will not need any special logic to enforce this condition.

===Ending transactions===
Either side may request that a burst end after the current data phase. Simple PCI devices that do not support multi-word bursts will always request this immediately. Even devices that do support bursts will have some limit on the maximum length they can support, such as the end of their addressable memory.

====Initiator burst termination====
The initiator can mark any data phase as the final one in a transaction by deasserting FRAME# at the same time as it asserts IRDY#. The cycle after the target asserts TRDY#, the final data transfer is complete, both sides deassert their respective RDY# signals, and the bus is idle again. The master may not deassert FRAME# before asserting IRDY#, nor may it deassert FRAME# while waiting, with IRDY# asserted, for the target to assert TRDY#.

The only minor exception is a ''master abort termination'', when no target responds with DEVSEL#. Obviously, it is pointless to wait for TRDY# in such a case. However, even in this case, the master must assert IRDY# for at least one cycle after deasserting FRAME#. (Commonly, a master will assert IRDY# before receiving DEVSEL#, so it must simply hold IRDY# asserted for one cycle longer.) This is to ensure that bus turnaround timing rules are obeyed on the FRAME# line.

====Target burst termination====
The target requests the initiator end a burst by asserting STOP#. The initiator will then end the transaction by deasserting FRAME# at the next legal opportunity; if it wishes to transfer more data, it will continue in a separate transaction. There are several ways for the target to do this:
; Disconnect with data
: If the target asserts STOP# and TRDY# at the same time, this indicates that the target wishes this to be the last data phase. For example, a target that does not support burst transfers will always do this to force single-word PCI transactions. This is the most efficient way for a target to end a burst.
; Disconnect without data
: If the target asserts STOP# without asserting TRDY#, this indicates that the target wishes to stop without transferring data. STOP# is considered equivalent to TRDY# for the purpose of ending a data phase, but no data is transferred.
; Retry
: A Disconnect without data before transferring any data is a ''retry'', and unlike other PCI transactions, PCI initiators are required to pause slightly before continuing the operation. See the PCI specification for details.
; Target abort
: Normally, a target holds DEVSEL# asserted through the last data phase. However, if a target deasserts DEVSEL# before disconnecting without data (asserting STOP#), this indicates a ''target abort'', which is a fatal error condition. The initiator may not retry, and typically treats it as a [[bus error]]. Note that a target may not deassert DEVSEL# while waiting with TRDY# or STOP# low; it must do this at the beginning of a data phase.

There will always be at least one more cycle after a target-initiated disconnection, to allow the master to deassert FRAME#. There are two sub-cases, which take the same amount of time, but one requires an additional data phase:
; Disconnect-A
: If the initiator observes STOP# before asserting its own IRDY#, then it can end the burst by deasserting FRAME# at the end of the current data phase.
; Disconnect-B
: If the initiator has already asserted IRDY# (without deasserting FRAME#) by the time it observes the target's STOP#, it is already committed to an additional data phase. The target must wait through an additional data phase, holding STOP# asserted without TRDY#, before the transaction can end.

If the initiator ends the burst at the same time as the target requests disconnection, there is no additional bus cycle.

===Burst addressing===
For memory space accesses, the words in a burst may be accessed in several orders. The unnecessary low-order address bits AD[1:0] are used to convey the initiator's requested order. A target which does not support a particular order must terminate the burst after the first word. Some of these orders depend on the cache line size, which is configurable on all PCI devices.

{|class=wikitable
|+PCI burst ordering
! A[1] || A[0] || Burst order (with 16-byte cache line)
|-
| 0 || 0 || Linear incrementing (0x0C, 0x10, 0x14, 0x18, 0x1C, ...)
|-
| 0 || 1 || Cacheline toggle (0x0C, 0x08, 0x04, 0x00, 0x1C, 0x18, ...)
|-
| 1 || 0 || Cacheline wrap (0x0C, 0x00, 0x04, 0x08, 0x1C, 0x10, ...)
|-
| 1 || 1 || Reserved (disconnect after first transfer)
|}

If the starting offset within the cache line is zero, all of these modes reduce to the same order.

Cache line toggle and cache line wrap modes are two forms of critical-word-first cache line fetching. Toggle mode XORs the supplied address with an incrementing counter. This is the native order for Intel 486 and Pentium processors. It has the advantage that it is not necessary to know the cache line size to implement it.

PCI version 2.1 obsoleted toggle mode and added the cache line wrap mode,[http://download.intel.com/design/chipsets/applnots/27301101.pdf] where fetching proceeds linearly, wrapping around at the end of each cache line. When one cache line is completely fetched, fetching jumps to the starting offset in the next cache line.

Note that most PCI devices only support a limited range of typical cache line sizes; if the cache line size is programmed to an unexpected value, they force single-word access.

PCI also supports burst access to I/O and configuration space, but only linear mode is supported. (This is rarely used, and may be buggy in some devices; they may not support it, but not properly force single-word access either.)

===Transaction examples===
This is the highest-possible speed four-word write burst, terminated by the master:

<pre>
0_ 1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_ 6_ 7_
CLK _/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \
___ ___ ___ ___ ___
AD[31:0] ---<___X___X___X___X___>---<___>
___ ___ ___ ___ ___
C/BE[3:0]# ---<___X___X___X___X___>---<___>
| | | | ___
IRDY# ^^^^^^^^\______________/ ^^^^^
| | | | ___
TRDY# ^^^^^^^^\______________/ ^^^^^
| | | | ___
DEVSEL# ^^^^^^^^\______________/ ^^^^^
___ | | | ___
FRAME# \_______________/ | ^^^^\____
_ _ |_ |_ |_ |_ _ _
CLK _/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
</pre>
On clock edge 1, the initiator starts a transaction by driving an address, command, and asserting FRAME# The other signals are idle (indicated by ^^^), pulled high by the motherboard's pull-up resistors. That might be their turnaround cycle. On cycle 2, the target asserts both DEVSEL# and TRDY#. As the initiator is also ready, a data transfer occurs. This repeats for three more cycles, but before the last one (clock edge 5), the master deasserts FRAME#, indicating that this is the end. On clock edge 6, the AD bus and FRAME# are undriven (turnaround cycle) and the other control lines are driven high for 1 cycle. On clock edge 7, another initiator can start a different transaction. This is also the turnaround cycle for the other control lines.

The equivalent read burst takes one more cycle, because the target must wait 1 cycle for the AD bus to turn around before it may assert TRDY#:
<pre>
0_ 1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_ 6_ 7_ 8_
CLK _/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \
___ ___ ___ ___ ___
AD[31:0] ---<___>---<___X___X___X___>---<___>
___ _______ ___ ___ ___
C/BE[3:0]# ---<___X_______X___X___X___>---<___>
___ | | | | ___
IRDY# ^^^^\___________________/ ^^^^^
___ _____ | | | | ___
TRDY# ^^^^ \______________/ ^^^^^
___ | | | | ___
DEVSEL# ^^^^\___________________/ ^^^^^
___ | | | ___
FRAME# \___________________/ | ^^^^\____
_ _ _ |_ |_ |_ |_ _ _
CLK _/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
</pre>

A high-speed burst terminated by the target will have an extra cycle at the end:
<pre>
0_ 1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_ 6_ 7_ 8_
CLK _/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \
___ ___ ___ ___ ___
AD[31:0] ---<___>---<___X___X___X___XXXX>----
___ _______ ___ ___ ___ ___
C/BE[3:0]# ---<___X_______X___X___X___X___>----
| | | | ___
IRDY# ^^^^^^^\_______________________/
_____ | | | | _______
TRDY# ^^^^^^^ \______________/
________________ | ___
STOP# ^^^^^^^ | | | \_______/
| | | | ___
DEVSEL# ^^^^^^^\_______________________/
___ | | | | ___
FRAME# \_______________________/ ^^^^
_ _ _ |_ |_ |_ |_ _ _
CLK _/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \_/ \
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
</pre>
On clock edge 6, the target indicates that it wants to stop (with data), but the initiator is already holding IRDY# low, so there is a fifth data phase (clock edge 7), during which no data is transferred.

===Parity===
The PCI bus detects parity errors, but does not attempt to correct them by retrying operations; it is purely a failure indication. Because of this, there is no need to detect the parity error before it has happened, and the PCI bus actually detects it a few cycles later. During a data phase, whichever device is driving the AD[31:0] lines computes even parity over them and the C/BE[3:0]# lines, and sends that out the PAR line one cycle later. All access rules and turnaround cycles for the AD bus apply to the PAR line, just one cycle later. The device listening on the AD bus checks the received parity and asserts the PERR# (parity error) line one cycle after that. This generally generates a processor interrupt, and the processor can search the PCI bus for the device which detected the error.

The PERR# line is only used during data phases, once a target has been selected. If a parity error is detected during an address phase (or the data phase of a Special Cycle), the devices which observe it assert the SERR# (System error) line.

Even when some bytes are masked by the C/BE# lines and not in use, they must still have ''some'' defined value, and this value must be used to compute the parity.

===Fast back-to-back transactions===
Due to the need for a turnaround cycle between different devices driving PCI bus signals, in general it is necessary to have an idle cycle between PCI bus transactions. However, in some circumstances it is permitted to skip this idle cycle, going directly from the final cycle of one transfer (IRDY# asserted, FRAME# deasserted) to the first cycle of the next (FRAME# asserted, IRDY# deasserted).

An initiator may only perform back-to-back transactions when:
* they are by the same initiator (or there would be no time to turn around the C/BE# and FRAME# lines),
* the first transaction was a write (so there is no need to turn around the AD bus), and
* the initiator still has permission (from its GNT# input) to use the PCI bus.

Additional timing constraints may come from the need to turn around are the target control lines, particularly DEVSEL#. The target deasserts DEVSEL#, driving it high, in the cycle following the final data phase, which in the case of back-to-back transactions is the first cycle of the address phase. The second cycle of the address phase is then reserved for DEVSEL# turnaround, so if the target is different from the previous one, it must not assert DEVSEL# until the third cycle (medium DEVSEL speed).

One case where this problem cannot arise is if the initiator knows somehow (presumably because the addresses share sufficient high-order bits) that the second transfer is addressed to the same target as the previous one. In that case, it may perform back-to-back transactions. All PCI targets must support this.

It is also possible for the target keeps track of the requirements. If it never does fast DEVSEL, they are met trivially. If it does, it must wait until medium DEVSEL time unless:
* the current transaction was preceded by an idle cycle (is not back-to-back), or
* the previous transaction was to the same target, or
* the current transaction began with a double address cycle.

Targets which have this capability indicate it by a special bit in a PCI configuration register, and if all targets on a bus have it, all initiators may use back-to-back transfers freely.

A subtractive decoding bus bridge must know to expect this extra delay in the event of back-to-back cycles in order to advertise back-to-back support.

===64-bit PCI===
{{Rellink|This section explains only basic 64-bit PCI; the full [[PCI-X]] protocol extension is much more extensive.}}
Starting from revision 2.1, the PCI specification includes optional 64-bit support. This is provided via an extended connector which provides the 64-bit bus extensions AD[63:32], C/BE[7:4]#, and PAR64, and a number of additional power and ground pins. The 64-bit PCI connector can be distinguished from a 32-bit connector by the additional 64-bit segment.

Memory transactions between 64-bit devices may use all 64 bits to double the data transfer rate. Non-memory transactions (including configuration and I/O space accesses) may not use the 64-bit extension. During a 64-bit burst, burst addressing works just as in a 32-bit transfer, but the address is incremented twice per data phase. The starting address must be 64-bit aligned; i.e. AD2 must be 0. The data corresponding to the intervening addresses (with AD2 = 1) is carried on the upper half of the AD bus.

To initiate a 64-bit transaction, the initiator drives the starting address on the AD bus and asserts REQ64# at the same time as FRAME#. If the selected target can support a 64-bit transfer for this transaction, it replies by asserting ACK64# at the same time as DEVSEL#. Note that a target may decide on a per-transaction basis whether to allow a 64-bit transfer.

If REQ64# is asserted during the address phase, the initiator also drives the high 32 bits of the address and a copy of the bus command on the high half of the bus. If the address requires 64 bits, a dual address cycle is still required, but the high half of the bus carries the upper half of the address and the final command code during both address phase cycles; this allows a 64-bit target to see the entire address and begin responding earlier.

If the initiator sees DEVSEL# asserted without ACK64#, it performs 32-bit data phases. The data which would have been transferred on the upper half of the bus during the first data phase is instead transferred during the second data phase. Typically, the initiator drives all 64 bits of data before seeing DEVSEL#. If ACK64# is missing, it may cease driving the upper half of the data bus.

The REQ64# and ACK64# lines are held asserted for the entire transaction save the last data phase, and deasserted at the same time as FRAME# and DEVSEL#, respectively.

The PAR64 line operates just like the PAR line, but provides even parity over AD[63:32] and C/BE[7:4]#. It is only valid for address phases if REQ64# is asserted. PAR64 is only valid for data phases if both REQ64# and ACK64# are asserted.

===Cache snooping (obsolete)===
PCI originally included optional support for [[write-back]] [[cache coherence]]. This required support by cacheable memory targets, which would listen to two pins from the cache on the bus, SDONE (snoop done) and SBO# (snoop backoff).<ref name=pci21>PCI Local Bus Specification, revision 2.1</ref>

Because this was rarely implemented in practice, it was deleted from revision 2.2 of the PCI specification,<ref name="pci30"/><ref name=pci22>PCI Local Bus Specification, revision 2.2</ref> and the pins re-used for [[SMBus]] access in revision 2.3.<ref name=pci23/>

The cache would watch all memory accesses, without asserting DEVSEL#. If it noticed an access that might be cached, it would drive SDONE low (snoop not done). A coherence-supporting target would avoid completing a data phase (asserting TRDY#) until it observed SDONE high.

In the case of a write to data that was clean in the cache, the cache would only have to invalidate its copy, and would assert SDONE as soon as this was established. However, if the cache contained dirty data, the cache would have to write it back before the access could proceed. so it would assert SBO# when raising SDONE. This would signal the active target to assert STOP# rather than TRDY#, causing the initiator to disconnect and retry the operation later. In the meantime, the cache would arbitrate for the bus and write its data back to memory.

Targets supporting cache coherency are also required to terminate bursts before they cross cache lines.

==Development tools==
[[File:POST card 98usd.jpg|thumb|right|A PCI card that displays [[Power-on self-test|POST]] numbers during BIOS startup.]]
When developing and/or troubleshooting the PCI bus, examination of hardware signals can be very important. [[Logic analyzers]] and [[bus analyzer]]s are tools which collect, analyze, and decode signals for users to view in useful ways.

==See also==
* [[PCI Configuration Space]]
* [[CompactPCI]], [[PCI-X]], [[PCI Express]]
* [[PCI-SIG]], PCI Special Interest Group
* [[PICMG]], PCI Industrial Computer Manufacturers Group
* [[Eurocard (printed circuit board)]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Further reading==

;Official technical specifications
* {{cite book|author=PCI-SIG|date=March 29, 2002|url=http://www.pcisig.com/specifications/conventional/conventional_pci_23/|title=PCI Local Bus Specification: Revision 2.3}} ($1000 for non-members or $50 for members. PCI-SIG membership is $3000 per year.)
* {{cite book|author=PCI-SIG|date=August 12, 2002|url=http://www.pcisig.com/specifications/conventional/pci_30/|title=PCI Local Bus Specification: Revision 3.0}} ($1000 for non-members or $50 for members. PCI-SIG membership is $3000 per year.)

;Books
* ''PCI Bus Demystified''; 2nd Ed; Doug Abbott; 250 pages; 2004; ISBN 978-0-7506-7739-4.
* ''PCI System Architecture''; 4th Ed; Tom Shanley; 832 pages; 1999; ISBN 978-0-201-30974-4.
* ''PCI-X System Architecture''; 1st Ed; Tom Shanley; 752 pages; 2000; ISBN 978-0-201-72682-4.
* ''PCI & PCI-X Hardware and Software Architecture & Design''; 5th Ed; Ed Solari; 1140 pages; 2001; ISBN 978-0-929392-63-9.
* ''PCI HotPlug Application and Design''; 1st Ed; Alan Goodrum; 162 pages; 1998; ISBN 978-0-929392-60-8.


==External links==
{{Commons category multi|PCI|Mini PCI}}
;Official
* {{Official|http://www.pcisig.com/home}}, PCI Special Interest Group (PCI-SIG)
;Technical Details 
* [http://electrofriends.com/articles/computer-science/protocol/introduction-to-pci-protocol/ Introduction to PCI protocol], electrofriends.com
* [http://pinouts.ru/Slots/PCI_pinout.shtml PCI bus pin-out and signals], pinouts.ru
* [http://www.interfacebus.com/Design_Connector_PCI.html#b PCI card dimensions], interfacebus.com
;Lists of Vendors / Devices / IDs
* [http://www.pcidatabase.com/index.php PCI Vendor and Device Lists], pcidatabase.com
* [http://pciids.sourceforge.net PCI ID Repository], sourceforge.net
;Tips
* [http://www.4crawler.com/Developer/VisualWorkstation/PCI/index.shtml Brief overview of PCI power requirements and compatibility with a nice diagram.]
* [http://www94.web.cern.ch/hsi/s-link/devices/s32pci64/slottypes.html Good diagrams and text on how to recognize the difference between 5 volt and 3.3 volt slots.]
* [http://www.pchardwaretutor.com/tutor/?p=54 Installing a PCI card]
;Linux
* [http://tuxmobil.org/minipci_linux.html Linux with miniPCI cards]
* [http://kmuto.jp/debian/hcl/index.cgi GNU/Linux PCI device driver check page]
* [http://prefetch.net/articles/linuxpci.html Decoding PCI data and lspci output on Linux hosts]
;Development Tools
* [http://www.dinigroup.com/product/data/pciextender/files/PCIExtender_brief_lo.pdf Active PCI Bus Extender], dinigroup.com
;FPGA Cores
* [http://www.latticesemi.com/products/intellectualproperty/referencedesigns/pcitarget32bit33mhz.cfm PCI Interface Core], Lattice Semiconductor
* {{Citation | url = http://opencores.org/websvn,listing?repname=pci | title = PCI Bridge Core | publisher = OpenCore}}.
* {{Citation | url = http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/~newton/Classes/EE290sp99/pages/hw2/pci.htm | title = IP Search for PCI Bus Cores | publisher = Berkeley}}.


{{Computer-bus}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Conventional Pci}}

[[Category:Computer buses]]
[[Category:Motherboard expansion slot]]
[[Category:Macintosh internals]]
[[Category:IBM PC compatibles]]
[[Category:Wikipedia articles with ASCII art]]
[[Category:1993 introductions]]
[[Category:Wikipedia pending changes protected pages (level 2)]]

Janice de Belen

2014-01-29T21:51:33Z

Renamed user 042531102:

{{BLP sources|date=January 2013}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Janice de Belen
| image =
| imagesize =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = Catherine Janice Yap de Belen
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|mf=yes|1968|11|09}}
| birth_place = [[Quezon City]], [[Philippines]]
| othername =
| occupation = Actress, commercial model, host
| yearsactive = 1978{{spaced ndash}}present
| spouse =
| domesticpartner =
| website = http://www.janicedebelen.com/
}}

'''Janice de Belen''' is a [[Filipino people|Filipina]] [[actress]], [[commercial model]] and [[television]] [[Presenter|host]]<ref>{{cite news |title=JANICE AND GELLI DE BELEN Show hosts, sisters, mothers, friends |url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=41o1AAAAIBAJ&sjid=kiUMAAAAIBAJ&pg=2012,22006781&dq=gelli-de-belen&hl=en |work=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]] |date=January 28, 2002 |accessdate=June 26, 2010 }}</ref> who was a [[GMA Network]] [[GMA Artist Center|contract artist]]. She returns to [[ABS-CBN]] via Budoy.<ref>http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/entertainment/06/19/11/janice-de-belen-returns-abs-cbn</ref>

She is currently part of ABS-CBN contract actresses.

==Early life==
Janice Catherine Yap de Belen was born November 9, 1968 to Philip de Belen and the former Susan Yap. She has a younger sister [[Gelli de Belen|Gelli]] who is also an actress. At the age of nine, she became a newscaster for the RPN 9's ''Newswatch Junior Edition''. She got her biggest break from the same channel when she got the lead role in the soap opera ''[[Flordeluna]]'' A Top Rating Phenomonal TV Soap that ran from 1980-1985 it was also remade by [[ABS-CBN]] in 2007 and used the concept from Loida Virina. Janice is also known for becoming the 80s Teen Drama Princesses alongside the late Julie Vega who was also her co star in a couple 80s films. Janice is also known for having a longtime relationship and ex-husband [[John Estrada]] . In 2001-2010 for the last 8 years she has hosted the now defunct popular Morning Talk Show Sis with sister Gelli De Belen and Carmina Villaroel. In 2011-2012 she starred in the Top-Acclaimed TV Series [[Budoy]] she currently stars in the TV Adaptation of [[Ina, Kapatid, Anak]] which airs on ABS-CBNs Primetime Bida Block and airs Worldwide through TFC 2012–Present. She also Co-Hosts [[Showbiz Inside Report]] from Feburary 2012 - October 2013.'''''

==Filmography==

===Movies===
{| border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC" align="center"
| '''Title''' || '''Year'''|| '''Role'''
|-
| Tropang Bulilit
| 1981
| Flor
|-
| Mga Batang Sisiw
| 1981
|
|-
| Flor de Liza
| 1981
| Flor
|-
| Manedyer...Si Kumander
| 1982
|
|-
| Puppy Love
| 1982
| Florecita
|-
| Where Love Has Gone
| 1982
| Crystal
|-
| To Mama with Love
| 1983
| Marissa
|-
| Home Sweet Home
| 1983
|
|-
| Aking Prince Charming
| 1983
| Neneng
|-
| Nagalit Ang Buwan Sa Haba ng Gabi
| 1983
|
|-
| I'll Wait For You: If It Takes Forever!
| 1983
| Jenny
|-
| Roman Rapido
| 1983
| Corazon
|-
| Always In My Heart
| 1983
| Gina
|-
| Erpat Kong Forgets
| March 22, 1984
|
|-
| Dear Mama
| May 4, 1984
|
|-
| Daddy's Little Darlings
| June 15, 1984
|
|-
| Lovingly Yours, Helen: The Movie
| July 26, 1984
| Candy (segment "Candy")
|-
| Bigats
| August 17, 1984
|
|-
| 14 Going Steady
| September 7, 1984
|
|-
| May Daga sa Labas ng Lungga
| October 11, 1984
|
|-
| [[Shake, Rattle & Roll (film)|Shake, Rattle & Roll]]
| December 25, 1984
| Virgie (segment "Pridyider")
|-
| Super Wan-Tu-Tri
| December 11, 1985
| Amor
|-
| Life Begins at 40
| February 7, 1985
|
|-
| The Crazy Professor
| September 4, 1985
| Katrina
|-
| Bakit Manipis ang Ulap?
| October 17, 1985
|
|-
| OKS na OKS Pakner
| December 25, 1985
|
|-
| Ano Ka, Hilo?
| April 24, 1986
|
|-
| Super Islaw and the Flying Kids
| July 17, 1986
| Juanita
|-
| Bakit Madalas ang Tibok ng Puso?
| December 11, 1986
| Anna
|-
| Nasaan Ka Nang Kailangan Kita?
| September 17, 1986
| Diana
|-
| Napakasakit, Kuya Eddie
| March 20, 1986
| Sandra
|-
| When I Fall In Love
| Mach 14, 1986
|
|-
| Payaso
| December 25, 1986
|
|-
| Remember Me Mama
| May 14, 1987
|
|-
| Menudo't Pandesal
| January 15, 1986
|
|-
| Once Upon a Time
| January 4, 1987
| Gwen
|-
| Nasaan Ka Inay?
| May 5, 1988
| Amanda
|-
| Tiyanak
| October 27, 1988
| Julie
|-
| Hawakan at Pigilan ang Panahon
| July 20, 1988
|
|-
| Babaing Hampaslupa
| November 16, 1988
| Eden
|-
| Rosenda
| 1989
| Rosenda
|-
| Bakit Iisa Lamang ang Puso?
| 1989
|
|-
| Mahirap ang Magmahal
| 1989
|
|-
| Isang Araw Walang Diyos
| 1989
| Sis. Camille
|-
| Abandonada
| 1989
| Mia
|-
| Last 2 Minutes
| 1990
|
|-
| Flavor of the Month
| 1990
|
|-
| Tayo na sa Dilim
| 1990
|
|-
| Bakit Kay Tagal ng Sandali?
| 1990
|
|-
| Alyas Pogi: Birador ng Nueva Ecija
| 1990
|
|-
| [[Shake, Rattle & Roll II]]
| 1990
| Cathy & Living Dead (segment "Multo" & "Kulam")
|-
| Pakasalan Mo Ako
| 1991
| Arlene
|-
| I Want to Live
| 1991
|
|-
| Anak ni Janice
| 1991
|
|-
| Umiyak Pati Langit
| 1991
|
|-
| Kailan Ka Magiging Akin?
| 1991
| Dolor
|-
| [[Shake, Rattle & Roll III]]
| 1991
| Rosalyn (segment "Ate")
|-
| Ikaw ang Lahat Sa Akin
| 1992
|
|-
| Aswang
| 1992
| Rosita
|-
| Guwapings: The First Adventure
| 1992
|
|-
| [[Shake, Rattle & Roll IV]]
| 1992
| Tising (segment "Kapitbahay")
|-
| Engkanto
| 1992
| Karina
|-
| Maricris Sioson: Japayuki
| 1993
| Maricris Sioson
|-
| Gagay: Prinsesa ng Brownout
| 1993
|
|-
| Wating
| 1994
| Julie
|-
| Fatima Buen Story
| 1994
| Batman
|-
| Araw-Araw, Gabi-Gabi
| 1995
|
|-
| Taguan
| 1996
| Sister Shawie
|-
| Hari ng Yabang
| 1997
|
|-
| Annie B.
| 2004
|
|-
| Tulay
| 2006
|
|-
| Last Viewing
| 2009
| Laura
|-
| Zombadings 1:Patayin sa Shokot si Remington
| 2011
| TBA
|-
| [[The Healing (film)|The Healing]]
| 2012
| Cita
|-
| [[Pridyider]]
| 2012
|
|-
| Mga Mumunting Lihim
| 2012
| TBA
|-
| [[Tiktik: The Aswang Chronicles]]
| 2012
| Fely
|-
| [[The Strangers (2012 film)|The Strangers]]
| 2012
| Paloma
|-
| [[Shake, Rattle & Roll 14]]
| 2012
| Myra
|-
| [[Call Center Girl]]
| 2013
|
|}

===Television===
{| border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC" align="center"
| '''Title''' || '''Year'''|| '''Role'''|| '''Network''' || '''Notes'''
|-
| [[Kool!!!]] || 1976–1978 || Rica || [[RPN 9]] || Series Regular
|-
| NewsWatch Junior Edition || 1978 || Host || [[RPN 9]] || First Hosting Career
|-
| [[Marcelino Pan y Vino]] || 1979 || Dahlia || [[GMA Network]] || Supporting Role
|-
| The Children of Lan Arc || 1980 || Mai || ||
|-
| [[Lovingly Yours, Helen]] || 1983 || Laila || [[GMA Network]] || Guest Star
|-
| [[Maria Flordeluna]]{{citation needed|date=February 2012}} || 1987 || Ma. Flordeluna Alicante || [[ABS-CBN]] || [[Inspired]] by [[GMA Network]] series [[Anna Liza (TV series)|Anna Liza]] starring late [[Julie Vega]].{{citation needed|date=February 2012}}
|-
| [[Familia Zaragoza]] || 1996–1997 || Lupe || [[ABS-CBN]] || Series Regular
|-
| [[Mula Sa Puso]] || 1997–1999 || Connie || [[ABS-CBN]] || Recurring from 1997, Regular late 1998-1999
|-
| [[Saan Ka Man Naroroon]] || 2000–2001 || Margarita || [[ABS-CBN]] || Series Regular
|-
| [[SiS (TV series)|Sis]] || 2001–2010 || Host || [[GMA Network]] || Award winning talk show run in 9 years
|-
| [[StarStruck (Philippine TV series)|StarStruck]] || 2004 || Herself || [[GMA Network]] || One of the council
|-
| [[StarStruck Kids]] || 2004 || Herself || [[GMA Network]] || One of the council
|-
| [[Spoon (Philippine TV program)|Spoon]] || 2007–present || Host || [[Net 25]] || Main Host
|-
| [[Boys Nxt Door]] || 2007 || Miss Malinis || [[GMA Network]] || Recurring Role
|-
| [[Darna (2009 TV series)|Mars Ravelo's Darna]] || 2009 || Consuelo || [[GMA Network]] || Recurring Role
|-
| [[Endless Love (Philippine TV series)|Endless Love]] || 2010 || Suzette "Suzy" Cruz || [[GMA Network]] || Antagonist
|-
| [[Dwarfina]] || 2011 || Marissa Ballesteros || [[GMA Network]] || Series Regular
|-
| [[Magic Palayok]] || 2011 || Magic Palayok || [[GMA Network]] || Guest Role
|-
| [[Budoy]] || 2011–2012 || Elena Dizon || rowspan=8|[[ABS-CBN]] || Series Regular
|-
| [[Showbiz Inside Report]] || 2012-2013 || Host || Main Host
|-
| [[Kapamilya Deal or No Deal]] || 2012 || Herself || Guest Player
|-
| [[Gandang Gabi Vice]] || 2012 || Herself || Guest
|-
| [[Ina, Kapatid, Anak]] || 2012-2013 || Beatriz Elizalde-Marasigan || Series Regular/Recurring Role, Antagonist
|-
| [[Toda Max]] || 2013 || Janet Magpoles || Guest Role
|-
| [[Buzz ng Bayan]] || 2013–present || Herself || Co-host
|-
| [[Honesto]] || 2013–present || Lourdes Galang || Series Regular/ Main Cast
|}

==Real or Fun==

===TV shows===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Title
! Name
|-
| Paete Laguna
| Nenett/Antonio Bagalso
|}

==Awards==
*2013, Movie Supporting Actress of the Year, PMPC Star Awards for Movies for "''Tiktik: The Aswang Chronicles''"
*2012, Best Actress - Directors Showcase, Cinemalaya Independent Film Festival for "''Mga Mumunting Lihim''"
*2012, Best Supporting Actress - Directors Showcase, Cinemalaya Independent Film Festival for "''Mga Mumunting Lihim''"
*2010, Best Actress - Young Critics Circle, Philippines for "''Last Viewing''"
*2010, Best Actress - Gawad Pasado Awards
*1991, Best Actress, Manila Film Festival for "''Kailan Ka Magiging Akin?''"

*Winner, Best Celebrity Talk Show Host for ''Spoon'', 2009-2011 PMPC Star Awards For TV.
*Winner, Best Magazine Program Host (Celebrity Talk Show Host), 2011 KBP Golden Dove Awards
*Winner, Best Actress for "Budoy", 2013 Gawad Tanglaw Awards
*Winner, Best Actress for "Ina Kapatid Anak, 2013 KBP Golden Dove Awards
*Winner, Best Celebrity Talk Show Host, 2013 Golden Screen Awards for Television

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.janicedebelen.com Official website]
*[http://www.igma.tv/profile/janice-de-belen Janice de Belen] at [http://www.igma.tv/ iGMA.tv]

{{Persondata
| NAME = Belen, Janice de
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Filipino actor and model
| DATE OF BIRTH = November 9, 1968
| PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Quezon City]], [[Philippines]]
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Belen, Janice de}}
[[Category:1968 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Ateneo de Manila University alumni]]
[[Category:Converts to Protestantism from Roman Catholicism]]
[[Category:Filipino actresses]]
[[Category:Filipino child actors]]
[[Category:Filipino female models]]
[[Category:Filipino film actresses]]
[[Category:Members of Iglesia ni Cristo]]
[[Category:Filipino television actresses]]
[[Category:Filipino television personalities]]
[[Category:Former Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:GMA Artist Center]]
[[Category:ABS-CBN Corporation]]
[[Category:People from Quezon City]]
[[Category:Filipino comedians]]
[[Category:20th-century Filipino actresses]]
[[Category:21st-century Filipino actresses]]

User talk:3RDWAVE

2014-01-27T11:41:50Z

Renamed user 042531102: Notification: speedy deletion nomination of Wikipedia talk:Articles for creation/3RD WAVE Music. (TW)

== Your submission at [[WP:AFC|Articles for creation]] ==
<div style="border:solid 1px #9accf6;background:#f1f9ff;padding:1em;padding-top:0.5em;padding-bottom:0.5em;width:20em;color:black;margin-bottom: 1.5em;margin-left: 1.5em;width: 90%;">[[File:AFC-Logo Hold.svg|50px|left]] Thank you for submitting an article to Wikipedia. Your draft submission has been reviewed. However, the reviewer felt that a few things need to be fixed before it is accepted. Please take a look and respond if possible. You can find it at [[Wikipedia talk:Articles for creation/3RD WAVE Music]]. If there is no response within seven days, the request may be declined. If this happens, please feel free to continue to work on the article. You can resubmit it (by adding the text <tt><nowiki>{{subst:submitdraft}}</nowiki></tt> to the top of the article) when you believe the concerns have been addressed. Thank you. — [[User talk:CharlieEchoTango|'''CharlieEchoTango''']] — 05:02, 22 October 2011 (UTC)</div>
== Your submission at [[WP:AFC|Articles for creation]] ==
<div style="border:solid 1px #9accf6;background:#f1f9ff;padding:1em;padding-top:0.5em;padding-bottom:0.5em;width:20em;color:black;margin-bottom: 1.5em;margin-left: 1.5em;width: 90%;">[[File:AFC-Logo Hold.svg|50px|left]] Thank you for submitting an article to Wikipedia. Your draft submission has been reviewed. However, the reviewer felt that a few things need to be fixed before it is accepted. Please take a look and respond if possible. You can find it at [[Wikipedia:Articles for creation/3RD WAVE Music]]. If there is no response within seven days, the request may be declined. If this happens, please feel free to continue to work on the article. You can resubmit it (by adding the text <tt><nowiki>{{subst:submitdraft}}</nowiki></tt> to the top of the article) when you believe the concerns have been addressed. Thank you. '''[[User:Sceptre|Sceptre]]''' ([[User talk:Sceptre|talk]]) 20:21, 27 October 2011 (UTC)</div>
==Your draft article, [[Wikipedia talk:Articles for creation/3RD WAVE Music]]==
[[File:Information icon4.svg|48px|left|alt=|link=]]

Hello 3RDWAVE. It has been over six months since you last edited your [[WP:AFC]] draft article submission, entitled "[[Wikipedia talk:Articles for creation/3RD WAVE Music|3RD WAVE Music]]".

The page will shortly be deleted. If you plan on editing the page to address the issues raised when it was declined and resubmit it, simply {{edit|Wikipedia talk:Articles for creation/3RD WAVE Music|edit the submission}} and remove the {{tlc|db-afc}} or {{tlc|db-g13}} code. Please note that Articles for Creation is not for indefinite hosting of material deemed unsuitable for the encyclopedia [[WP:mainspace|mainspace]].

If your submission has already been deleted by the time you get there, and you want to retrieve it, copy this code: <code><nowiki>{{subst:Refund/G13|</nowiki>Wikipedia talk:Articles for creation/3RD WAVE Music<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, paste it in the edit box at [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Requests_for_undeletion&action=edit&section=new this link], click "Save", and an administrator will in most cases undelete the submission.

Thanks for your submission to Wikipedia, and happy editing.   [[User:Blaster0425|blaster]][[User talk:Blaster0425|talk!]] [[Special:Contributions/Blaster0425|see]] 11:41, 27 January 2014 (UTC)

User talk:Graphium

2014-01-27T11:37:06Z

Renamed user 042531102: Notification: speedy deletion nomination of Wikipedia talk:Articles for creation/Bangladesh Anti Quota Protests 2013. (TW)

{{blocked user|link = [[Wikipedia:Administrators'_noticeboard/IncidentArchive806#User:Arctic Kangaroo (yet again)|ANI discussion]]}}
{{notice|If you have a question about a submission via [[WP:AFC|Articles for creation]], please comment on [[WP:AFCHD|the Articles for Creation help desk]], rather than this talk page}}

== [[Band of Holes]] ==

Ok, I missed this as I hate infoboxes and usually don't look at them. But take a look at the last version of this after you put it into article space.[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Band_of_Holes&oldid=563373355] How did the infobox get past you -- Hyde Park? A map of the "Location of the Greater Fatra in Slovakia"? Its website - myopera.com? The line of verse at the bottom of the infobox -- and all those numbers? [[User:Dougweller|Dougweller]] ([[User talk:Dougweller|talk]]) 16:22, 18 November 2013 (UTC)

:Editor is indef blocked and can't edit their own talk page, so you're unlikely to get much of an answer here. --[[User:Demiurge1000|Demiurge1000]] ([[User_talk:Demiurge1000|talk]]) 20:29, 18 November 2013 (UTC)

:: I really should read the top of talk pages. I wonder if AK is also the editor who created the article - that would explain things. The article's creator just vanished after writing the article. [[User:Dougweller|Dougweller]] ([[User talk:Dougweller|talk]]) 21:52, 18 November 2013 (UTC)

:::All too common with AfC submissions, unfortunately. "added preposition to clear up sentence structure" doesn't sound much like AK, though I've not looked into his contrib style in any detail, so I could be wrong. --[[User:Demiurge1000|Demiurge1000]] ([[User_talk:Demiurge1000|talk]]) 21:59, 18 November 2013 (UTC)
==[[Wikipedia talk:Articles for creation/Bangladesh Anti Quota Protests 2013]] concern==
Hi there, I'm [[User:HasteurBot|HasteurBot]]. I just wanted to let you know that [[Wikipedia talk:Articles for creation/Bangladesh Anti Quota Protests 2013]], a page you created, has not been edited in 6 months. The Articles for Creation space is not an indefinite storage location for content that is not appropriate for articlespace.

If your submission is not edited soon, it could be nominated for deletion. If you would like to attempt to save it, you will need to improve it.

You may request [[WP:USERFY|Userfication]] of the content if it meets requirements.

If the deletion has already occured, instructions on how you may be able to retrieve it are available at [[WP:REFUND/G13]].

Thank you for your attention. [[User:HasteurBot|HasteurBot]] ([[User talk:HasteurBot|talk]]) 02:07, 13 January 2014 (UTC)

== VisualEditor newsletter for Janaury 2014 ==

{{sidebox
|text= [[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px]]
|below='''Did you know?'''
[[File:VisualEditor reference toolbar transclusion.png|center|180px]]
To add templates, go to the "Insert" menu and choose the "Transclusion" (puzzle piece) item. Enter the name of the template and click "Add template". If [[Wikipedia:TemplateData|TemplateData]] exists for the template, then a list of possible parameters will appear. If not, you can add parameters yourself by typing the parameter name under "Add parameter". For unnamed parameters, use numbers ("1" for the first unnamed parameter).}}

Since the last newsletter, the [[Wikipedia:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]] team has worked mostly minor features and fixing bugs. A few significant bugs include working around a bug in CSSJanus that was wrongly flipping images used in some templates in right-to-left (RTL) environments ([[bugzilla:50910|bug 50910]]) a major bug that meant inserting any template or other transclusion failed ([[bugzilla:59002|bug 59002]]), a major but quickly resolved problem due to an unannounced change in MediaWiki core, which caused VisualEditor to crash on trying to save ([[bugzilla:59867|bug 59867]]). This last bugs did not appear on any Wikipedia. Additionally, significant work has been done in the background to make VisualEditor work as an independent editing system.

As of today, VisualEditor is now available as an opt-out feature to all users at 149 active Wikipedias.

* The '''character inserter tool''' in the "Insert" menu has a very basic set of characters. The character inserter is especially important for languages that use Latin and Cyrillic alphabets with unusual characters or frequent diacritics. {{highlight|Your [[Wikipedia:VisualEditor/Feedback|feedback]] on the character inserter is requested.}} In addition to feedback from any interested editor, the developers would particularly like to hear from anyone who speaks any of the 50+ languages listed under Phase 5 at [[mediawikiwiki:VisualEditor/Rollouts|mw:VisualEditor/Rollouts]], including Breton, Mongolian, Icelandic, Welsh, Afrikaans, Macedonian, and Azerbaijani.
* '''[[m:Office hours|meta:Office hours]] on [[IRC]]''' have been heavily attended recently. The next one will be held this coming Wednesday, 22 January at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=23&min=00&sec=0&day=22&month=01&year=2014 23:00 UTC].
* You can now '''edit some of the page settings''' in the "options" dialog – <code><nowiki>__NOTOC__</nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki>__FORCETOC__</nowiki></code> as selection (forced on, forced off, or default setting; bugs [[bugzilla:56866|56866]] and [[bugzilla:56867|56867]]) and <code><nowiki>__NOEDITSECTION__</nowiki></code> as a checkbox ([[bugzilla:57166|bug 57166]]).
* The automated browser tests were adjusted to speed them up and bind more correctly to list items in lists, and updated to a newer version of their ruby dependencies. You can monitor the automated browser tests' results (triggered every twelve hours) live [https://wmf.ci.cloudbees.com/view/r-ve/ on the server].
* [[Wikipedia:VisualEditor/User guide]] was updated recently to show some new and upcoming features.

'''Looking ahead:''' The character formatting menu on the toolbar will get a drop-down indicator next Thursday. The reference and media items will be the first two listed in the Insert menu. The help menu will get a page listing the keyboard shortcuts. Looking further out, image handling will be improved, including support for alignment (left, right, and center) and better control over image size (including default and upright sizes). The developers are also working on support for editing redirects and image galleries.

Subscriptions to this newsletter are managed at [[Wikipedia:VisualEditor/Newsletter]]. Please add or remove your name to change your subscription settings. If you have questions or suggestions for future improvements, or if you encounter problems, please let everyone know by posting a note at [[Wikipedia:VisualEditor/Feedback]]. Thank you! [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] 20:08, 17 January 2014 (UTC)

==Your draft article, [[Wikipedia talk:Articles for creation/Bangladesh Anti Quota Protests 2013]]==
[[File:Information icon4.svg|48px|left|alt=|link=]]

Hello Arctic Kangaroo. It has been over six months since you last edited your [[WP:AFC]] draft article submission, entitled "[[Wikipedia talk:Articles for creation/Bangladesh Anti Quota Protests 2013|Bangladesh Anti Quota Protests 2013]]".

The page will shortly be deleted. If you plan on editing the page to address the issues raised when it was declined and resubmit it, simply {{edit|Wikipedia talk:Articles for creation/Bangladesh Anti Quota Protests 2013|edit the submission}} and remove the {{tlc|db-afc}} or {{tlc|db-g13}} code. Please note that Articles for Creation is not for indefinite hosting of material deemed unsuitable for the encyclopedia [[WP:mainspace|mainspace]].

If your submission has already been deleted by the time you get there, and you want to retrieve it, copy this code: <code><nowiki>{{subst:Refund/G13|</nowiki>Wikipedia talk:Articles for creation/Bangladesh Anti Quota Protests 2013<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, paste it in the edit box at [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Requests_for_undeletion&action=edit&section=new this link], click "Save", and an administrator will in most cases undelete the submission.

Thanks for your submission to Wikipedia, and happy editing.   [[User:Blaster0425|blaster]][[User talk:Blaster0425|talk!]] [[Special:Contributions/Blaster0425|see]] 11:37, 27 January 2014 (UTC)

Wikipedia:Requests for page protection

2014-01-27T10:53:47Z

Renamed user 042531102: Requesting pending changes on Julie Vega. (TW)

<noinclude>{{pp-move-indef|small=yes}}{{/Header}}{{Floatinglink|Administrator instructions|Administrator instructions}}

__TOC__{{adminbacklog}}</noinclude>

== Current requests for increase in protection level ==
{{Wikipedia:Requests for page protection/PRheading}}

==== {{la|Julie Vega}} ====
'''Indefinite pending changes:''' Persistent vandalism – Vandalism, also changing deceased object to alive. That BLP violation?. [[User:Blaster0425|blaster]][[User talk:Blaster0425|talk!]] [[Special:Contributions/Blaster0425|see]] 10:53, 27 January 2014 (UTC)
==== {{la|Travelling Without Moving}} ====
'''Temporary pending changes:''' Persistent genre-warring. [[WP:CC-BY-SA|©]] [[User:Tbhotch|Tbhotch]][[User talk:Tbhotch|<big>™</big>]] ([[User:Tbhotch/EN|en-2.5]]). 06:45, 27 January 2014 (UTC)
==== {{la|Oscar the Grouch}} ====
'''Pending changes:''' Persistent vandalism – There have been vandalism, but not in this month. [[User:George Ho|George Ho]] ([[User talk:George Ho|talk]]) 06:38, 27 January 2014 (UTC)
==== {{la|Big Bird}} ====
'''Indefinite pending changes:''' Persistent vandalism – Happened once this month, but there have been vandalism for a long time. [[User:George Ho|George Ho]] ([[User talk:George Ho|talk]]) 06:32, 27 January 2014 (UTC)
==== {{la|Ressha Sentai ToQger}} ====
'''Temporary semi-protection:''' Persistent vandalism – IPs vandalizing and changing spellings without sources. —[[User:Ryulong|Ryūlóng]] ([[User talk:Ryulong|琉竜]]) 05:13, 27 January 2014 (UTC)
===={{la|ESPNU}}====
'''Temporary semi-protection''' Children's network article IP vandal going after this one, asserting that it's switching to "Teen Disney" in February, which it isn't; disruptive editing and [[WP:IDHT]] by the IP. '''[[User:Mrschimpf|Nate]]''' • ''([[User_talk:Mrschimpf|chatter]])'' 05:01, 27 January 2014 (UTC)
*'''Automated comment:''' This page appears to already be protected. Please confirm.—[[User:Cyberbot I|cyberbot I]] [[User talk:Cyberbot I|Notify]]Online 10:24, 27 January 2014 (UTC)

===={{la|Dawoodi Bohra}}====
'''Temporary semi-protection''' Disruptive editing. Please temporarily semi-protect or apply pending changes protection [[User:Sherenk1|Sherenk1]] ([[User talk:Sherenk1|talk]]) 04:58, 27 January 2014 (UTC)

==== {{la|Royal Rumble}} ====
'''Temporary semi-protection:''' Persistent vandalism from IPs and new users.[[User:LM2000|LM2000]] ([[User talk:LM2000|talk]]) 03:49, 27 January 2014 (UTC)

==== {{la|WWE Raw}} ====
'''Indefinite pending changes:''' Persistent vandalism. [[User:George Ho|George Ho]] ([[User talk:George Ho|talk]]) 00:21, 27 January 2014 (UTC)

==== {{la|The Fooo}} ====
'''temporary semi protection:''' - alot of IP vandalism over several days.--[[User:BabbaQ|BabbaQ]] ([[User talk:BabbaQ|talk]]) 22:02, 26 January 2014 (UTC)
:{{RFPP|pc|1 week}} [[User:Callanecc|Callanecc]] ([[User talk:Callanecc|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Callanecc|contribs]] • [[Special:Log/Callanecc|logs]]) 01:35, 27 January 2014 (UTC)

==== {{la|England national football team}} ====
'''Temporary pending changes:''' Persistent vandalism. [[User:Lukeno94|Lukeno94]] [[User talk:Lukeno94#top|(tell Luke off here)]] 14:04, 26 January 2014 (UTC)

== Current requests for reduction in protection level ==
{{anchor|Current requests for unprotection}}

{{Wikipedia:Requests for page protection/URheading}}

==== {{lt|Tnull}} ====
'''Template-editor''' as well; same reason. [[User:Meteor sandwich yum|meteor_sandwich_yum]] ([[User talk:Meteor sandwich yum|talk]]) 04:29, 27 January 2014 (UTC)
:{{RFPP|tp}}. [[User:Callanecc|Callanecc]] ([[User talk:Callanecc|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Callanecc|contribs]] • [[Special:Log/Callanecc|logs]]) 09:59, 27 January 2014 (UTC)

==== {{lt|Para}} ====
'''Template-editor''' please (a lot of templates haven't yet been downgraded for [[WP:Template editors]] yet) [[User:Meteor sandwich yum|meteor_sandwich_yum]] ([[User talk:Meteor sandwich yum|talk]]) 04:23, 27 January 2014 (UTC)
:{{RFPP|d}}, in fact I've increased protection by including it on [[Wikipedia:Cascade-protected items]]. It's transcluded more an 400,000 times so too high risk to downgrade (and shouldn't need to be edited anyway). 10:03, 27 January 2014 (UTC)

== Current requests for edits to a protected page ==
{{See|Wikipedia:Edit requests}}
{{Wikipedia:Requests for page protection/SRheading}}

== Fulfilled/denied requests ==
''A rolling archive of the last seven days of protection requests can be found at [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection/Rolling archive]].''

<noinclude>
[[Category:Wikipedia processes]]
</noinclude>

User talk:Ellinewilliams231

2014-01-27T10:27:56Z

Renamed user 042531102: /* Notice on WayKurat's Edits */

==Welcome==
[[Image:Chocolate chip cookies.jpg|thumb|right|'''[[Wikipedia:Welcoming committee/Welcome to Wikipedia|Welcome!]]''']]
Hello, Ellinewilliams231, and '''''[[Wikipedia:Welcoming committee/Welcome to Wikipedia|welcome to Wikipedia]]!''''' I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are some pages you might find helpful:
*[[Wikipedia:Introduction|Introduction]]
*[[Wikipedia:Five pillars|The five pillars of Wikipedia]]
*[[Help:Editing|How to edit a page]]
*[[Wikipedia:Article development|How to write a great article]]
*[[Wikipedia:Simplified Manual of Style|Simplified Manual of Style]]
*[[Wikipedia:Your first article|Your first article]]
*Also feel free to [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|make test edits in the sandbox]].
I hope you enjoy editing here and being a [[Wikipedia:Wikipedians|Wikipedian]]! Please [[Wikipedia:Signatures|sign your name]] on [[Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines|talk pages]] using four tildes (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, please see our '''[[Help:Contents|help pages]]''', and if you can't find what you are looking for there, please feel free to [[User talk:Safehaven86|leave me a message]] or place "<code>{{tld|helpme}}</code>" on this page and someone will drop by to help. [[User:Safehaven86|Safehaven86]] ([[User talk:Safehaven86|talk]]) 07:02, 3 January 2014 (UTC)
== Nomination of [[:2013–14 United States network television schedule (late night)]] for deletion ==
<div class="floatleft" style="margin-bottom:0">[[File:Ambox warning orange.svg|48px|alt=|link=]]</div>A discussion is taking place as to whether the article '''[[:2013–14 United States network television schedule (late night)]]''' is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to [[Wikipedia:List of policies and guidelines|Wikipedia's policies and guidelines]] or whether it should be [[Wikipedia:Deletion policy|deleted]].

The article will be discussed at [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/2013–14 United States network television schedule (late night) ]] until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. [[User:Cyphoidbomb|Cyphoidbomb]] ([[User talk:Cyphoidbomb|talk]]) 21:41, 3 January 2014 (UTC)

== Removing AfD template ==

[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=Information icon]] Welcome to Wikipedia. Please do not remove [[Template:Afd|Articles for deletion notices]] from articles, or remove other people's comments in [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion|Articles for deletion debates]], as you did with [[:2013–14 United States network television schedule (late night)]]. Otherwise, it may be difficult to create [[Wikipedia:Consensus|consensus]]. If you oppose the deletion of an article, please [[Wikipedia:Guide to deletion|comment]] at the respective page instead. This is an automated message from a [[WP:BOT|bot]] about {{diff|2013–14 United States network television schedule (late night)|prev|589110193|this edit}}, where you removed the deletion template from an article before the deletion discussion was complete. If this message is in error, please [[User talk:Cyberbot I|report it]].—[[User:Cyberbot I|cyberbot I]] [[User talk:Cyberbot I|Notify]]Online 10:58, 4 January 2014 (UTC)

== Ellinewilliams231, you are invited to the Teahouse ==

{| style="margin: 2em 4em;"
|- valign="top"
| [[File:WP teahouse logo 2.png|alt=Teahouse logo|link=w:en:WP:Teahouse|File:WP teahouse logo 2.png by User:Heatherawalls, licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0]]
| <div style="background-color:#f4f3f0; color: #393D38; padding: 1em;border-radius:10px; font-size: 1.1em;">
Hi '''Ellinewilliams231'''! Thanks for contributing to Wikipedia. Be our guest at [[w:WP:teahouse|the Teahouse]]! The Teahouse is a friendly space where new editors can ask questions about contributing to Wikipedia and get help from peers and experienced editors. I hope to see you there! [[User_talk:Ushau97|Ushau97]] ([[w:en:WP:Teahouse/Hosts|I'm a Teahouse host]])
<div class="submit ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only" role="button" aria-disabled="false">[[WP:Teahouse|Visit the Teahouse]]</div>This message was delivered automatically by your robot friend, [[User:HostBot|HostBot]] ([[User talk:HostBot|talk]]) 20:41, 6 January 2014 (UTC)
</div>
|}
[[Category:Wikipedians who have received a Teahouse invitation]]

== January 2014 ==
[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=Information icon]] Hello, I'm [[User:SummerPhD|SummerPhD]]. I noticed that you made an edit concerning content related to a living person{{spaces|1}}on [[:List of Italian-American mobsters]], but that you didn’t support your changes with a [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|citation to a reliable source]], so I removed it. Wikipedia has a strict policy concerning [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|how we write about living people]], so please help us keep such articles accurate. If you think I made a mistake, or if you have any questions, you can leave me a message on [[User_talk:SummerPhD|my talk page]]. Thank you.  [[User:SummerPhD|SummerPhD]] ([[User talk:SummerPhD|talk]]) 02:20, 20 January 2014 (UTC)

[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] Hello, I'm [[User:BracketBot|BracketBot]]. I have automatically detected that [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=591506678 your edit] to [[WJLA-TV]] may have broken the [[syntax]] by modifying 1 "()"s. If you have, don't worry: just [{{fullurl:WJLA-TV|action=edit&minor=minor&summary=Fixing+typo+raised+by+%5B%5BUser%3ABracketBot%7CBracketBot%5D%5D}} edit the page] again to fix it. If I misunderstood what happened, or if you have any questions, you can leave a message on [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?action=edit&preload=User:A930913/BBpreload&editintro=User:A930913/BBeditintro&minor=&title=User_talk:A930913&preloadtitle=BracketBot%20–%20{{subst</noinclude>:REVISIONUSER}}&section=new my operator's talk page].
:List of unpaired brackets remaining on the page:
*<nowiki> also weekday morning meteorologist on [[NewsChannel 8 (cable channel)|NewsChannel 8]]</nowiki>{{red|''')'''}}<nowiki></nowiki>
Thanks, [[User:BracketBot|BracketBot]] ([[User talk:BracketBot|talk]]) 03:19, 20 January 2014 (UTC)

==Disambiguation link notification for January 20==

Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that when you edited [[Michael Gargiulo (journalist)]], you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page [[Italian]] ([[tools:~dispenser/cgi-bin/dablinks.py/Michael_Gargiulo_%28journalist%29|check to confirm]] | [[tools:~dispenser/cgi-bin/dab_solver.py/Michael_Gargiulo_%28journalist%29|fix with Dab solver]]). Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the [[User:DPL bot/Dablink notification FAQ|FAQ]]{{*}} Join us at the [[Wikipedia:Disambiguation pages with links|DPL WikiProject]].

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these [[User:DPL bot|opt-out instructions]]. Thanks, [[User:DPL bot|DPL bot]] ([[User talk:DPL bot|talk]]) 08:55, 20 January 2014 (UTC)

== Sp - Rockerfeller > Rockefeller ==

Please note that there is not, and never has been, a Rockerfeller Center (with 3 R's) - it is the [[Rockefeller Center]], named after the [[Rockefeller family]] - Thanks [[User:Arjayay|Arjayay]] ([[User talk:Arjayay|talk]]) 19:24, 20 January 2014 (UTC)

[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=Information icon]] Thank you for [[Special:Contributions/Ellinewilliams231|your contributions]] to [[Wikipedia:About|Wikipedia]]. Please make sure to include an [[Help:Edit summary|edit summary]] with every edit. Please provide one before saving your changes to an article, as the summaries are quite helpful to people browsing an article's history.

The edit summary appears in:
* [[Help:User contributions|User contributions]]
* [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent changes]]
* [[Help:Watching pages|Watchlists]]
* [[Help:diff|Revision differences]]
* [[WP:IRC|IRC channels]]
* [[Help:Related changes|Related changes]]
* [[Special:NewPages|New pages list]] and
* [[Help:Page history|Article editing history]]

Please use the edit summary to explain your reasoning for the edit, or a summary of what the edit changes.
Thanks! [[User:Jim1138|Jim1138]] ([[User talk:Jim1138|talk]]) 06:08, 22 January 2014 (UTC) [[User:Jim1138|Jim1138]] ([[User talk:Jim1138|talk]]) 06:08, 22 January 2014 (UTC)

[[File:Information orange.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] Please do not add or significantly change content without citing [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiable]] and [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|''reliable'' sources]]{{#if:TAPE Inc.|, as you did with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TAPE_Inc.?diff=591845838 this edit] to [[:TAPE Inc.]]}}. Before making any potentially controversial [[Wikipedia:Editing policy|edits]], it is recommended that you discuss them first on the article's talk page. Please review the guidelines at [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]] and take this opportunity to add references to the article. [[User:Jim1138|Jim1138]] ([[User talk:Jim1138|talk]]) 09:28, 22 January 2014 (UTC)

:And as you did to [[Rob Morrison]]. Please read Wikipedia policy on [[WP:BLP|biographies of living persons]] before editing biographical articles. --[[User:Tenebrae|Tenebrae]] ([[User talk:Tenebrae|talk]]) 16:06, 23 January 2014 (UTC)

== Notice on [[User:WayKurat|WayKurat]]'s Edits ==
Hello, I'm [[User:Ellinewilliams231|Ellinewilliams231]]. I have automatically detected that [[User:WayKurat|WayKurat]] have edited my editing articles on all of their shows in the US and in the Philippines. [[User:WayKurat|WayKurat]] will be ban effectively until my edits will continue. Thanks - [[User:Ellinewilliams231|Ellinewilliams231]] ([[User talk:Ellinewilliams231#top|talk]]) 01:54, 27 January 2014 (UTC)
:No. [[User:Blaster0425|blaster]][[User talk:Blaster0425|talk!]] [[Special:Contributions/Blaster0425|see]] 10:27, 27 January 2014 (UTC)

==Disambiguation link notification for January 27==

Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that you've added some links pointing to [[Wikipedia:Disambiguation|disambiguation pages]]. Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the [[User:DPL bot/Dablink notification FAQ|FAQ]]{{*}} Join us at the [[Wikipedia:Disambiguation pages with links|DPL WikiProject]].

:[[WMAQ-TV]] ([[tools:~dispenser/cgi-bin/dablinks.py/WMAQ-TV|check to confirm]] | [[tools:~dispenser/cgi-bin/dab_solver.py/WMAQ-TV|fix with Dab solver]])
::added a link pointing to [[HLN]]

:[[WNBC]] ([[tools:~dispenser/cgi-bin/dablinks.py/WNBC|check to confirm]] | [[tools:~dispenser/cgi-bin/dab_solver.py/WNBC|fix with Dab solver]])
::added a link pointing to [[WWOR]]

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these [[User:DPL bot|opt-out instructions]]. Thanks, [[User:DPL bot|DPL bot]] ([[User talk:DPL bot|talk]]) 09:09, 27 January 2014 (UTC)

Media in New York City

2014-01-27T10:23:58Z

Renamed user 042531102: Reverted 1 edit by Ellinewilliams231 (talk): Not. (TW)

The '''media of [[New York City]]''' are internationally influential, and include some of the most important newspapers, largest publishing houses, most prolific television studios, and biggest record companies in the world. It is a major global center for the television, music, newspaper, book and magazine publishing industries.

New York is also the largest media market in North America (followed by [[Media in Los Angeles|Los Angeles]], [[Media in Chicago|Chicago]], and [[Media in Toronto|Toronto]]).<ref>{{cite press release | title = Tampa Bay 12th largest media market now | publisher = Tampa Bay Partnership | date = August 26, 2006 | url = http://tampabay.org/press.asp?rls_id=991& | accessdate = 2007-05-31 }}</ref> Some of the city's media conglomerates include [[Time Warner]], the [[Thomson Reuters Corporation]], the [[News Corporation]], [[The New York Times Company]], [[NBCUniversal]], the [[Hearst Corporation]], and [[Viacom]]. Seven of the world's top eight global [[advertising agency]] networks are headquartered in New York.<ref>[http://adage.com/datacenter/datapopup.php?article_id=116384 Top 10 Consolidated Agency Networs: Ranked by 2006 Worldwide Network Revenue], ''[[Advertising Age]]'' Agency Report 2007 Index (April 25, 2007). Retrieved on June 8, 2007.</ref> Three of the "[[Music market|Big Four]]" record labels are also headquartered or co-headquartered in the city. One-third of all American [[independent film]]s are produced in New York.<ref name="NYC Media">{{cite web |title=Request for Expressions of Interest |publisher=The Governors Island Preservation & Education Corporation |year=2005 |url=http://www.govisland.com/PDFs/RFEI/RFEI.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=2007-03-26 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070605013009/http://www.govisland.com/PDFs/RFEI/RFEI.pdf |archivedate = 2007-06-05}}</ref> More than 200 newspapers and 350 consumer magazines have an office in the city<ref name="NYC Media" /> and the book-publishing industry employs about 25,000 people.<ref>{{cite web |title=Media and Entertainment |publisher=New York City Economic Development Corporation |url=http://www.nycedc.com/Web/NYCBusinessClimate/IndustryOverviews/MediaEntertainment/MediaEntertainment.htm |accessdate=2006-07-19}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref>

Two of the three national daily newspapers in the United States are ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' and ''[[The New York Times]]''. Major tabloid newspapers in the city include the ''[[Daily News (New York)|Daily News]]'' and the ''[[New York Post]]'', founded in 1801 by [[Alexander Hamilton]]. The city also has a major ethnic press, with 270 newspapers and magazines published in more than 40 languages.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ethnic Press Booms In New York City |publisher=Editor & Publisher |date=July 10, 2002 |url=http://www.editorandpublisher.com/eandp/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1538594 |accessdate=2007-03-26}}</ref> ''[[El Diario La Prensa]]'' is New York's largest Spanish-language daily and the oldest in the nation.<ref>{{cite web | url =http://news.newamericamedia.org/news/view_article.html?article_id=e4526a43cc213775795cc84762fce768 | title = el diario/La Prensa: The Nation’s Oldest Spanish-Language Daily| date = July 27, 2005 | publisher = New America Media | accessdate = 2007-06-09}}</ref> ''[[The New York Amsterdam News]]'', published in Harlem, is a prominent African-American newspaper. ''[[The Village Voice]]'' is the largest [[alternative newspaper]].

The television industry developed in New York and is a significant employer in the city's economy. The four major American broadcast networks, [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]], [[CBS]], [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] and [[NBC]], are all headquartered in New York. Many cable channels are based in the city as well, including [[MTV]], [[Fox News Channel|Fox News]], [[HBO]] and [[Comedy Central]]. In 2005 there were more than 100 television shows taped in New York City.<ref>{{cite press release |title=2005 is banner year for production in New York |publisher=The City of New York Mayor's Office of Film, Theater and Broadcasting |date=December 28, 2005 |url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/film/html/news/010106_2005_banner_year.shtml |accessdate=2006-07-19}}</ref>

New York is also a major center for non-commercial media. The oldest [[public-access television|public-access]] [[cable television]] channel in the United States is the [[Manhattan Neighborhood Network]], founded in 1971.<ref>[http://www.mnn.org/en/community-celebrates-public-access-tvs-35th-annive Community Celebrates Public Access TV's 35th Anniversary], [[Manhattan Neighborhood Network]] press release dated August 6, 2006. Accessed April 28, 2007. "Public access TV was created in the 1970s to allow ordinary members of the public to make and air their own TV shows—and thereby exercise their free speech. It was first launched in the U.S. in Manhattan July 1st 1971, on the Teleprompter and Sterling Cable systems, now [[Time Warner Cable]]."</ref> [[WNET]] is the city's major public television station and a primary provider of national [[Public Broadcasting Service]] (PBS) programming. [[WNYC]], a public radio station owned by the city until 1997, has the largest public radio audience in the United States.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Radio Research Consortium |title=Top 30 Public Radio Subscribers: Spring 2006 Arbitron |date=August 28, 2006 |url=http://www.rrconline.org/reports/pdf/Sp06%20eRanks.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=2006-11-17}}</ref> The City of New York operates a public broadcast service, [[nyctv]], that produces several original New York Emmy Award-winning shows covering music and culture in city neighborhoods, as well as city [[Government-access television]] (GATV).

New York City is home to a number of major [[online media]] companies, including [[Gawker Media]], [[BuzzFeed]], and [[AOL]] and some of its major holdings, including the ''[[Huffington Post]]'' and [[Weblogs, Inc.]]

==Newspapers==
New York City is home to 4 of the 10 largest papers in the United States. These include ''[[The New York Times]]'' (circulation 1.1 million), the ''[[Daily News (New York)|Daily News]]'' (circulation 795,000), and ''[[New York Post]]'' (circulation 650,000).{{Citation needed|date=March 2010}} ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' (circulation 2.1 million), published in New York City, is a national-scope business newspaper and the first or second most-read newspaper in the nation, depending on measurement method.{{Citation needed|date=March 2010}}

[[File:NYC subway riders with their newspapers.jpg|thumb|left|New York's use of [[Mass transit in New York City|mass transit]] gives the city a large newspaper readership base.]]
''[[El Diario La Prensa]]'' (circulation 265,000) is New York's largest Spanish-language daily and the oldest in the nation.<ref>"Editor & Publisher International Year Book 2004." Found at infoplease.com.[http://www.infoplease.com/ipea/A0004420.html]</ref> There are also several borough-specific newspapers, such as ''[[Brooklyn Eagle|The Brooklyn Daily Eagle]]'' and ''[[The Staten Island Advance]]''. [[Free daily newspaper]]s mainly distributed to commuters include ''[[amNewYork]]'', ''[[Hoy (U.S. newspaper)|Hoy]]'' and ''[[Metro New York]]''.

The city's ethnic press is large and diverse. Major ethnic publications include the Brooklyn-Queens Catholic paper ''[[The Tablet (Diocese of Brooklyn)|The Tablet]]'' and [[Jewish-American]] newspapers ''[[The Forward]]'' (פֿאָרװערטס; ''Forverts'', published in [[Yiddish]] and [[English language|English]]) and ''[[Hamodia]]'', and the [[African-American]] newspaper ''[[The New York Amsterdam News]]''. ''[[The Epoch Times]]'', an international newspaper published by the [[Falun Gong]], has English and [[Chinese language|Chinese]] editions in New York. There are seven dailies published in [[Chinese language|Chinese]] and four in [[Spanish language|Spanish]]. Multiple daily papers are published in [[Greek language|Greek]], [[Polish language|Polish]], and [[Korean language|Korean]], and weekly newspapers serve dozens of different ethnic communities, with ten separate newspapers focusing on the African-American community alone.<ref>[http://www.gothamgazette.com/commentary/80.scher.shtml "New York City's Ethnic Press." ''Gotham Gazette.'']</ref> Many nationally distributed ethnic newspapers are based in Astoria, Chinatown or Brooklyn. Over 60 ethnic groups, writing in 42 languages, publish some 300 non-English language magazines and newspapers in New York City.<ref>[http://www.indypressny.org Independent Press Association of New York]</ref>

Ethnic variation is not the only measure of the diversity of New York City's newspapers, with editorial opinions running from left-leaning at alternative papers like the ''[[Village Voice]],'' to conservative at the ''[[New York Post]]''. ''[[New York Observer]]'' covers politics and the city's rich and powerful with unusual depth. The tradition of a [[freedom of the press|free press]] owes much to [[John Peter Zenger]], a New York publisher who was acquitted in his 1735 landmark court case, setting the precedent that truth was a legitimate defense against accusations of [[Slander and libel|libel]].

Major newspapers emphasizing coverage of the New York metropolitan region outside the city include ''[[Newsday]],'' which covers primarily Long Island but also New York City, ''[[The Journal News]]'', which covers Westchester County, and ''[[The Bergen Record]]'' and ''[[The Star-Ledger]],'' which cover northern New Jersey.

==Magazines==
The city has a long history in American magazine publishing. The 19th Century was rife with popular titles: ''[[Harper's Weekly]]'' launched in 1857, claiming to be "A Journal of Civilization" to readers; ''[[St. Nicholas Magazine]]'', a pioneering children's publication; and ''[[Collier's Weekly]]'', which counted [[Upton Sinclair]] and [[Ernest Hemingway]] as contributors. ''[[New York Magazine]]'', founded in 1968 by [[Milton Glaser]] and [[Clay Felker]], was one of the first "lifestyle" magazines. ''[[The New Yorker]]'', founded in 1925 by [[Harold Ross]], is a weekly magazine of arts, literature, and journalism.

Today more than 350 magazines have their editorial offices based in the city. New York is home to the corporate headquarters of publishing giants:
* [[Condé Nast Publications]]: ''[[The New Yorker]]'', ''[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]'', ''[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]''
* [[The Hearst Corporation]]: ''[[Cosmopolitan (magazine)|Cosmopolitan]]'', ''[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]''
* [[Time Warner]]: ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'', ''[[People (magazine)|People]]'', ''[[Sports Illustrated]]''

Other national leaders are ''[[Rolling Stone (magazine)|Rolling Stone]]'', published by [[Wenner Media]], and ''[[Newsweek]]'', owned by the [[The Newsweek Daily Beast Company]].

==Book publishing==
The book publishing industry in the United States is based in New York. Publishing houses in the city range from industry giants such as [[Penguin Group (USA)]], [[HarperCollins]], [[Random House]], [[Scholastic Corporation|Scholastic]] and [[Simon & Schuster, Inc.|Simon & Schuster]] to small niche houses like Melville House and [[Lee & Low Books]]. New York has also been the setting for countless works of literature, many of them produced by the city’s large population of writers (which have included [[Paul Auster]], [[Don DeLillo]], [[Bret Easton Ellis]], [[Jonathan Safran Foer]], [[Jonathan Franzen]], [[Jhumpa Lahiri]], [[Jonathan Lethem]], [[John O'Hara]], [[Dorothy Parker]], [[Thomas Pynchon]], [[Susan Sontag]] and many others). The New York City metro area, home to the largest number of Jews outside [[Israel]], has also been a flourishing scene for [[Jewish American literature]].

New York is also home to [[PEN American Center]], the largest of the 141 centers of International PEN, the world’s oldest human rights organization and the oldest international literary organization. PEN American Center plays an important role in New York's literary community and is active in defending free speech, the promotion of literature, and the fostering of international literary fellowship. Author [[Salman Rushdie]] is its current president.

Some of the most important literary journals in the United States are in New York. These include ''[[The Paris Review]]'', ''[[The New York Review of Books]]'', ''[[n+1]]'', and ''[[New York Quarterly]].'' Other New York literary publications include ''Circumference'', ''Open City'', ''The Manhattan Review'', ''[[The Coffin Factory]]'', ''Fence'', and ''Telos.'' New York is also home to the US offices of ''[[Granta]]''.

==Radio==
New York City has a tradition as an important place in radio broadcasting. [[Edward R. Murrow]] defined American broadcast journalism with his [[World War II]] reporting from Europe relayed back to [[CBS]] in New York and onward to the rest of the nation.

[[WNYC]], New York's flagship [[public radio]] station, is the most-listened to commercial or non-commercial radio station in Manhattan and has the largest audience of any public radio station in the United States. It produces several news and cultural programs for national syndication.

[[WQXR-FM]], New York City's only classical radio station, is now a public radio station as of November 1, 2009. It was formerly owned by the New York Times. It is located at 105.9 on the FM dial (it was previously located at 96.3 on the FM dial)

[[WFMU]], along with [[KCRW]] in [[Los Angeles]], is considered by music industry insiders{{Who|date=March 2009}} to be one of the most influential open-format indie radio stations in the country.{{Citation needed|date=March 2009}} [[WBAI]] in Manhattan, with news and information programming, is one of the few [[socialist]] radio stations operating in the United States. Fordham University's [[WFUV]], New York University's [[WNYU]], and Columbia University's [[WKCR]] are also important non-commercial stations in the city.

The first New York City radio station to feature a phone-in talk format was [[WNBC (AM)|WNBC]] in the late 1960s, (with [[Long John Nebel]] in the early morning hours) but the format began in earnest in New York in 1970, when [[WMCA]] radio dropped its [http://www.musicradio77.com/wmca "Good Guys"] top-40 radio format in favor of the "Dial-Log Radio" slate of call-in shows. In addition to mainstay [[Barry Gray (radio)|Barry Gray]], the format featured such prominent talkers as Nebel, [[Alex Bennett (broadcaster)|Alex Bennett]] and [[Bob Grant (radio host)|Bob Grant]].

Right-wing talk radio came to New York when [[WABC (AM)|WABC]] switched from an all music format to talk in 1982. Though it began with a moribund "Talkradio" format delivered via satellite from KABC Los Angeles, the station eventually became the home of nationally syndicated conservative powerhouse [[Rush Limbaugh]], who in the Reagan years railed against liberal figures like civil-rights advocate [[Jesse Jackson]] and former New York Governor [[Mario Cuomo]]. Other high-profile conservative talk radio hosts with national profiles include [[Laura Ingraham]] and [[Sean Hannity]] at WABC.

Liberals responded, first with the short-lived (only five years) [[WEVD]] format with [[Bill Mazer]]'s ''Mazer in the morning'' and [[Sam Greenfield]] in the afternoon followed by [[Alan Colmes]] from 11 PM to 2AM. In March 2004 the [[Air America Radio]] network started, based in New York City, with actor-comedians [[Al Franken]] and [[Janeane Garofalo]] as their front line stars. A personality who goes by one name, "Lionel", who was a host on WABC also joined the Air America's New York local lineup. Air American's flagship station was originally [[WLIB]], then [[WWRL]] at the time of its January 2010 demise. WWRL and listener supported [[WBAI]] continue broadcasting progressive talk.

New York is also home to several famous "[[shock jock]]" morning drive shows. They include the new current flavor [[Opie and Anthony]] as well as old timer [[Don Imus]], (famous for his controversial statements, interviews of politicos and morning satire) and [[Elvis Duran and the Morning Show]] on [[WHTZ|Z100]]. The nation's first female shock jock, [[Wendy Williams (radio host)|Wendy Williams]], had a popular syndicated afternoon show on Urban AC [[WBLS]] from 2002-2009. [[WNOW-FM|WXRK]], formerly known as 92.3 "K-Rock", used to be the home of [[Howard Stern]] until his move from terrestrial radio to [[Sirius Satellite Radio]], though Stern still broadcasts from New York City.

[[WQHT (FM)|WQHT]], also known as "Hot 97", is an influential high-profile commercial radio station that is arguably the nation's premier [[Hip hop music|hip-hop]] station. [[Doctor Dre]] and [[Ed Lover]] were morning hosts at the station in the 1990s. The highest-rated Spanish-language radio show in the United States is the morning radio program ''[[El Vacilón de la Mañana]]'', broadcast on [[WSKQ]] and formerly hosted by [[Luis Jiménez (radio host)|Luis Jimenez]].

New York became home to America's first 24-hour sports talk station, [[WFAN]], in 1987.

{{New York Radio}}

==Television==

Roughly 1,000,000{{Citation needed|date=August 2011}} New Yorkers are employed in the film and television industry, which contributes about $5 billion to the city's economy annually. New York City is the home of the three traditional major American [[television network]]s, [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]], [[CBS]] and [[NBC]], as well as Spanish-language network [[Univision]]. They each have local broadcast owned and operated stations which serve as the flagship stations of their networks.

It is also the headquarters of several large cable television channels, including [[MTV]], [[Fox News]], [[HBO]], and [[Comedy Central]]. [[Silvercup Studios]], located in [[Queens]] was the production facility for the popular television shows ''[[Sex and the City]]'' and ''[[The Sopranos]]''. MTV broadcasts programming from its sound stage overlooking [[Times Square]], several blocks away from The [[Ed Sullivan Theater]], the theater housing the ''[[Late Show with David Letterman]]''. ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' is broadcast from NBC's studios at 30 [[Rockefeller Center]], where ''[[Late Night with Jimmy Fallon]]'', ''[[NBC Nightly News]]'' and ''[[Today (NBC program)|The Today Show]]'' is also taped. [[Black Entertainment Television|BET]] is headquartered on 57th Street. ''[[The Colbert Report]]'' is produced by [[Comedy Central]] on [[54th Street (Manhattan)|54th Street]], and ''[[The Daily Show]],'' also produced by Comedy Central, is produced just a few blocks over on 11th avenue and West 53rd street. Over a thousand people are involved with producing the various ''[[Law & Order]]'' television series. In 2005 there were more than 100 new and returning television shows taped in New York City, according to the Mayor's Office of Film, Theater and Broadcasting.

[[WNET]], New York's largest public television station, is a primary national provider of [[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]] programming. The oldest [[Public-access television]] [[cable TV]] in the United States is the [[Manhattan Neighborhood Network]], well known for its eclectic [[local origination]] programming that ranges from a jazz hour to discussion of labor issues to foreign language and religious programming. There are eight other Public-access television channels in New York, including [[Brooklyn Community Access Television]] (BCAT). As part of use of local rights-of-way, the cable operators in New York have granted [[Public, educational, and government access]] (PEG) organizations channels for programming. They also carry the [[New York State]] legislative channel available on cable packages with sufficient bandwidth.

Another notable channel in the city is [[NY1]], [[Time Warner Cable]]'s first local news channel, known for its beat coverage of city neighborhoods. Its coverage of [[New York City Hall|City Hall]] and state politics is closely watched by political insiders.

For years, several soap operas were filmed in the New York City area, including ''Another World'', ''As the World Turns'', ''Guiding Light'', ''All My Children'' and ''One Life to Live''. As of 2012, there are no New York soap operas left on the air.

{{NYC TV}}

==Television stations in New York City==

===List of TV stations===
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
!style="background:#ccccff;" |Channel
!style="background:#ccccff;" rowspan="2" |Callsign
!style="background:#ccccff;" rowspan="2" |Affiliation
!style="background:#ccccff;" rowspan="2" |Branding
!style="background:#ccccff;" colspan="2" |Subchannels
!style="background:#ccccff;" rowspan="2" |Owner
|-
!style="background:#ffcccc;" | (Virtual)
!style="background:#ffcccc;" | Channel
!style="background:#ffcccc" | Programming
|-
| 2.1
| [[WCBS-TV|WCBS]]
| [[CBS]] ([[Owned-and-operated station|O&O]])
| ''CBS 2''
| 2.2
| style="text-align:left" | CBSNY+
| style="text-align:left" | [[CBS Corporation]] ([[CBS Television Stations]]) Licensee: CBS Broadcasting, Inc.
|-
| 4.1
| [[WNBC]]
| [[NBC]] ([[Owned-and-operated station|O&O]])
| ''4 New York'' or ''NBC 4''
| 4.2
| style="text-align:left" | [[Cozi TV]]
| style="text-align:left" | [[NBCUniversal]] Licensee: NBC Telemundo License LLC
|-
| 5.1
| [[WNYW]]
| [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] ([[Owned-and-operated station|O&O]])
| ''FOX 5''
| 5.2
| style="text-align:left" | [[Movies!]]
| style="text-align:left" | [[News Corporation]] ([[Fox Television Stations]]) Licensee: Fox Television Stations, Inc.
|-
| 7.1
| [[WABC-TV|WABC]]
| [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] ([[Owned-and-operated station|O&O]])
| ''ABC 7'' or ''Channel 7''
| 7.2 7.3
| style="text-align:left" | [[Live Well Network]] [[The Local AccuWeather Channel]]
| style="text-align:left" | [[The Walt Disney Company]] (American Broadcasting Companies/ ABC, Inc) Licensee: American Broadcasting Companies, Inc.
|-
| 9.1
| [[WWOR-TV|WWOR]]
| [[MyNetworkTV]] ([[Owned-and-operated station|O&O]])
| ''My 9''
| 9.2 9.3
| style="text-align:left" | Simulcast and [[Mobile television|Mobile DTV]] feed of WNYW [[Bounce TV]]
| style="text-align:left" | [[News Corporation]] ([[Fox Television Stations]]) Licensee: Fox Television Stations, Inc.
|-
| 11.1
| [[WPIX]]
| [[The CW Television Network|CW]] ([[Network affiliate|Affiliate]])
| ''Pix 11''
| 11.2 11.3
| style="text-align:left" | [[Antenna TV]] [[This TV]]
| style="text-align:left" | [[Tribune Company]] Licensee: WPIX, Inc.
|-
| 13.1
| [[WNET]]
| [[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]]
| ''Thirteen''
| 13.2 13.3
| style="text-align:left" | [[PBS Kids]] [[V-Me]]
| style="text-align:left" | WNET.ORG
|-
| 21.1
| [[WLIW]]
| [[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]]
| ''WLIW21''
| 21.2 21.3
| style="text-align:left" | [[Create (TV network)|Create]] [[PBS World]]
| style="text-align:left" | WNET.ORG
|-
| 25.1
| [[WNYE-TV|WNYE]]
| Independent
| ''NYCTV''
| 25.2
| style="text-align:left" | NYCTV Gov (government programming)
| style="text-align:left" | [[NYC Media]]
|-
| 31.1
| [[WPXN-TV|WPXN]]
| [[ION Television|ION TV]] ([[Owned-and-operated station|O&O]])
| ''ION Television''
| 31.2 31.3
| style="text-align:left" | [[Qubo]] [[ION Life]]
| style="text-align:left" | [[ION Media Networks]] Licensee: Ion Media License Company, LLC
|-
| 41.1
| [[WXTV-DT|WXTV]]
| [[Univision]] ([[Owned-and-operated station|O&O]])
| ''Univision 41''
| 41.2
| style="text-align:left" | Duplicate of WFUT
| style="text-align:left" | [[Univision Communications]] Licensee: WXTV License Partnership, GP
|-
| 47.1
| [[WNJU]]
| [[Telemundo]] ([[Owned-and-operated station|O&O]])
| ''Telemundo 47''
| 47.2 47.3
| style="text-align:left" | Telemundo 2 soi
| style="text-align:left" | [[NBCUniversal]] Licensee: NBC Telemundo License LLC
|-
| 48.1
| [[WRNN-TV|WRNN]]
| Independent
| ''RNN''
| 48.2 48.3 48.4 48.5
| style="text-align:left" | [[Al Jazeera English]] [[Arirang (TV network)|Arirang]] GCN [[NHK World]]
| style="text-align:left" | WRNN License Company, LLC
|-
| 49.1
| [[Connecticut Public Television|WEDW]]
| [[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]]
| ''CPTV''
|
| style="text-align:left" |
| style="text-align:left" | Connecticut Public Broadcasting
|-
| 55.1
| [[WLNY-TV|WLNY]]
| Independent
| ''WLNY TV-10/55''
|
| style="text-align:left" |
| style="text-align:left" | [[CBS Corporation]] ([[CBS Television Stations]]) Licensee: CBS LITV LLC
|-
| 54.1
| [[WTBY-TV|WTBY]]
| [[Trinity Broadcasting Network]] ([[Owned-and-operated station|O&O]])
| ''TBN''
| 54.2 54.3 54.4 54.5
| style="text-align:left" | [[The Church Channel]] [[JCTV]] [[TBN Enlace USA|Enlace]] [[Smile of a Child TV]]
| style="text-align:left" | [[Trinity Broadcasting Network]] Licensee:Trinity Broadcasting of New York, Inc.
|-
| 63.1
| [[WMBC-TV|WMBC]]
| Independent
| ''WMBC-TV''
| 63.2 63.3 63.4 63.5 63.6 63.7 63.8
| style="text-align:left" |
Aliento Vision: Hispanic Family Network 
CGNTV (Christian Global Network Television) 
SinoVision 
New Tang Dynasty Television 
Azteca America 
audio simulcast of WDNJ-FM 
audio simulcast of Korean Christian Broadcasting Network
| style="text-align:left" | Mountain Broadcasting Corporation
|-
| 66.1
| [[WNYJ-TV]]
| Independent
| ''WNYJ-TV 66''
|
66.2 
66.3 
66.4 
66.5 
66.6 
66.7
| style="text-align:left" |
audio simulcast of WFME-FM 
audio simulcast of KEAR 
simulcast of WYBE Philadelphia (independent public broadcasting) 
audio simulcast of Family Radio foreign language programming 
audio simulcast of Radio Taiwan International 
audio simulcast of NOAA weather radio from KWO35
| style="text-align:left" | [[Family Radio]] Licensee: Family Stations of New Jersey, Inc
|-
| 68.1
| [[WFUT-DT|WFUT]]
| [[UniMás]]
| ''UniMás''
| 68.2
| style="text-align:left" | duplicate of WXTV
| style="text-align:left" | [[Univision Communications]] Licensee: Univision New York, LLC
|}

===Cable and internet===
* [[BAC]] – Big Apple Channel www.BigAppleChannel.com New York City Web Channel
* [[NY1]] – Channel 1 (Independent, [[Time Warner Cable]] owned)
* [[News 12 Networks|News12]] – Channel 12 (Independent. [[Cablevision]] owned)
* [[NYCSN]] – NYC Sports Network (NYCSports.TV Web Channel for NYC High School and Youth Sports- NYC Sports Network owned)

===University TV===
Finally, the [[City University of New York]]'s cable channel provides on air telecourses in psychology, physics, geography, history as well as vast array of cultural programing on [[CUNY TV]], while [[New York University]] (NYU) has its [http://www.nyu.edu/nyutv/ NYUTV].

===NYCTV===
{{Main|NYCTV}}
The City of New York operates a public broadcast service, [[NYCTV]],(on WNYE Channel 25) that produces several original Emmy Award-winning shows including ''Blue Print New York'' and ''[[Cool in Your Code]]'', as well as coverage of city government. Other popular programs on NYCTV include music shows; ''[[New York Noise]]'' showcases music videos of local, underground, and indie rock musicians as well as coverage of major music-related events in the city like the WFMU Record Fair, interviews of New York icons (like The Ramones and Klaus Nomi), and comedian hosts (like Eugene Mirman, Rob Huebel, and Aziz Ansari). ''The Bridge'', similarly, chronicles old school hip hop. The channel has won 14 New York Emmys and 14 National Telly awards.

{{See also|NYC Media Group}}

==Film==
[[File:East Village Film Location for Period Movie.JPG|thumb|left|230px|Filming a period movie in the East Village using antique police cars. New York is a frequent and accommodating shooting location.]]
New York's film industry is much smaller than that of [[Hollywood]], but its billions of dollars in revenue makes it an important part of the city's economy and places it as the second largest center for the film industry in the United States.<ref>[http://www.nyc.gov/html/film/html/news/stats.shtml Mayor's Office of Film, Theatre, and Broadcasting]</ref> It is also a growth sector; according to the Mayor's Office of Film, Theater and Broadcasting New York City attracted over 250 independent and studio films in 2005, an increase from 202 in 2004 and 180 in 2003. More than a third of professional actors in the United States are based in New York.<ref>[http://www.nycfuture.org/images_pdfs/pdfs/CREATIVE_NEW_YORK.pdf "Creative New York." ''Center for an Urban Future'' Dec. 2005]</ref> The city's movie industry employs 100,000 New Yorkers, according to the Office, and about $5 billion is brought by the industry to the city's economy every year.<ref>"Hollywood Brings Its Cameras To a New New York." 19 October 2006 New York Sun.[http://www.nysun.com/article/41832?page_no=2]</ref> International film makers work in the city, as well. The [[Bollywood]] film ''[[Kal Ho Naa Ho]]'' was shot in New York City in 2003, and has proceeded to become the fourth-highest grossing Indian film of all time.<ref>[http://www.newyorkbiz.com/International/IntFunFacts.html New York City Economic Development Corporation]</ref>

In the earliest days of the American film industry, New York was the epicenter of filmmaking. However, the better year-round weather of Hollywood made it a better choice for shooting.
The [[Kaufman-Astoria]] film studio in Queens, built during the [[silent film]] era, was used by the [[Marx Brothers]] and [[W.C. Fields]]. It has also been used for ''[[The Cosby Show]]'', ''[[Sesame Street]]'' and the films of [[Woody Allen]]. The recently constructed [[Steiner Studios]] is a 15 acre (61,000 m²) modern movie studio complex in a former shipyard where ''The Producers'' and ''The Inside Man'', a [[Spike Lee]] movie, were filmed.

New York was (and to a certain extent still is) also important within the animation industry: until 1938, it served as the home of Fleischer Studios (who produced the [[Popeye]], [[Betty Boop]], and [[Color Classics]] shorts for [[Paramount Pictures]]) as well as the Van Beuren Studios (who produced animated shorts for [[RKO Radio Pictures]]) until 1937. It would later be the home for Famous Studios (who replaced Fleischer Studios and continued the production of Popeye shorts for Paramount) from 1943 to the 1960s. Its current position in the animation world is as an alternative to Los Angeles (where most U.S. animation is produced), and the city now houses several schools and school programs concerning animation, and stands as a source of work for animators working for any medium, from advertising to film.<ref>http://www.animationcareerreview.com/articles/new-york-city-animation-careers-profile-art-scene-top-employers-animation-schoolsprograms</ref>

Silvercup Studios revealed plans in February 2006 for a new $1 billion complex with eight soundstages, production and studio support space, offices for media and entertainment companies, stores, 1,000 apartments in high-rise towers, a catering hall and a cultural institution. The project is envisioned as a "veritical Hollywood" designed by [[Richard Rogers|Lord Richard Rogers]], the architect of the [[Pompidou Center]] in [[Paris]] and the [[Millennium Dome]] in [[London]]. It is to be built at the edge of the East River in [[Queens]] and will be the largest production house on the East Coast. Steiner Studios in Brooklyn would still have the largest single soundstage, however. Kaufman Studios plans its own expansion in 2007.

[[Miramax Films]], a [[Big Ten (movie studios)|Big Ten]] film studio, was the largest motion picture distribution and production company headquartered in the city until it moved to [[Burbank, California]] in January 2010. Many smaller independent producers and distributors are still in New York.

===Film-related lists===
* [[List of film festivals in North and Central America#New York|List of film festivals in New York City]]
* [[List of New York City television and film studios]]

==Music==
{{Main|Music of New York City}}

In the 1930s New York-based [[RCA]] was the nation's largest manufacturer of [[phonograph]]s. In the late 19th and early 20th century, most sheet music in the United States — especially the popular songs of the day, many now standards — was printed at [[Tin Pan Alley]], so called because the constant sound of new songs being tried out on pianos in the publishing houses was said to sound like a tin pan. By the early 1960s the radio and musical stars of the Golden Age of [[Broadway (Manhattan)|Broadway]] gave way to the [[Brill Building]]'s "Brill Sound."

[[Salsa music]], which got its start in New York City in the mid-1960s, was popularized by the New York record label [[Fania Records]], which developed a highly-polished "Fania sound" that came to be synonymous with salsa.

In the 1980s and 1990s, [[hip hop music|hip hop]] labels including [[Def Jam]], [[Roc-A-Fella]] and [[Bad Boy Records]] were founded in New York, creating what is known as [[East Coast hip hop]]. These labels continue to be among the largest hip-hop labels in the world. Other influential New York-based hip hop labels, past and present, include [[Cold Chillin' Records]], [[Jive Records]], [[Loud Records]], [[Rawkus Records]] and [[Tommy Boy Records]].

Two of the [[music industry|"Big Four" music labels]] are headquartered in the city: [[Sony Music Entertainment]] and [[Warner Music Group]]. The world headquarters of [[MTV]] is also in New York.

Many major music magazines are headquartered in the city as well, including ''[[Blender Magazine]]'', ''[[Punk Magazine]]'', ''[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]]'' and ''[[Rolling Stone]]''.<ref name="Gotham">{{cite web|title=Has the Music Scene Died in New York?|work=Gotham Gazette|url=http://www.gothamgazette.com/article/20041217/1/1218|accessdate=September 7, 2005 }}</ref>

==Online media==

New York City's digital companies, sometimes described as "[[Silicon Alley]]", include both software companies and companies known primarily as content producers. Among the former are [[Tumblr]] (now owned by [[Yahoo!]]), [[FourSquare]] and [[AOL]]. Among the latter are [[Gawker Media]], [[BuzzFeed]], and some of AOL's holdings, including the ''[[Huffington Post]]'' and [[Weblogs, Inc.]] The satirical newspaper ''[[The Onion]]'' (online-only since 2013) was based in New York from 2000 to 2012.

==Portrayals of New York City in the media==
Because of its sheer size and cultural influence, New York City has been the subject of many different, and often contradictory, portrayals in mass media. From the sophisticated and worldly metropolis seen in many [[Woody Allen]] films, to the hellish and chaotic urban jungle depicted in such movies as [[Martin Scorsese|Martin Scorsese's]] ''[[Taxi Driver]]'', New York has served as the unwitting backdrop for virtually every conceivable viewpoint on big city life.

In the early years of film New York City was characterized as urbane and sophisticated. By the city's crisis period in the 1970s, however, films like ''[[Midnight Cowboy]]'', ''[[The French Connection (film)|The French Connection]]'', and ''[[Death Wish (film)|Death Wish]]'' showed New York as full of chaos and violence. With the city's renaissance in the 1990s came new portrayals on television; ''[[Seinfeld]]'', ''[[Friends]]'', and ''[[Sex and the City]]'' showed life in the city to be glamorous and interesting. Nonetheless a disproportionate number of crime dramas, such as ''[[Law & Order]]'' and the ''[[Spider-Man]]'' film series, continue to use the city as their setting despite New York's status as the safest large city in the United States after plummeting crime rates over many years.

An essay appearing in the Arts section of the ''New York Times'' in April 2006 quoted several filmmakers, including [[Sidney Lumet]] and [[Paul Mazursky]], describing how modern cinema shows the city as far more "teeming, terrifying, exhilarating, unforgiving" than contemporary New York actually is, and the consequential challenge this poses for filmmakers.<ref>"New York City as Film Set: From Mean Streets to Clean Streets." ''The New York Times'' 30 April 2006.[http://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/30/movies/30clar.html?_r=1&oref=slogin]</ref> The article quotes Robert Greenhut, [[Woody Allen|Woody Allen's]] producer, as saying that despite the increased sanitization of modern New York, "New Yorkers' personalities are different to Chicago. There's a certain kind of vibrancy and tone that you can't get elsewhere. The labor pool is more interesting than elsewhere — the salesgirl with one line, or the cop. That's who directors are looking for."

James Sanders, editor of ''Scenes From the City: Filmmaking in New York, 1966–2006'', is quoted in the article as predicting that future films in New York City will move away from the well-worn setting of upper-middle class Manhattan neighborhoods to the [[outer boroughs]], where they will begin examining the crosscurrents emanating from ethnic neighborhoods in Brooklyn, Queens and the Bronx.

===Media-related lists===
* [[List of books set in New York City]]
* [[List of films set in New York City]]
* [[List of television shows set in New York City]]
* [[List of video games set in New York City]]

==See also==
{{Portal|New York City}}
* [[Culture of New York City]]
* [[Jewish American literature]]
* [[List of New York City newspapers and magazines]]
* [[Made in NY]]
* ''[[New York Daily News]]''
* ''[[The New York Times]]''
* ''[[The New Yorker]]''
* ''[[Newsweek]]''
* [[NYC Media Group]]
* ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]''

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.nyc.gov/html/film/html/index/index.shtml The Mayor's Office of Film, Theatre & Broadcasting] – The city's film commission
* [http://www.mnn.org Manhattan Neighborhood Network] – The first free public access channel in the United States
* [http://www.taxisafety.com/radio.html Taxi Radio (Show for NYC taxi drivers)]
* [http://www.radionylive.com Radio NY Live] – Manhattan Net-Radio
* [http://radiomap.us/us-ny/new-york.htm New York, NY on American Radio Map (Radiomap.us)]

{{New York City}}
{{Media in New York City}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Media In New York City}}
[[Category:Arts in the United States]]
[[Category:Media in New York City| ]]
[[Category:Lists of media by city in the United States|New York]]
[[Category:American public access television]]

User talk:86.131.157.118

2014-01-26T11:47:18Z

Renamed user 042531102: Welcome to Wikipedia! (TW)

<div style="background:white; border:2px DarkOrchid solid; padding:12px;">
==Welcome!==
[[Wikipedia:Welcoming committee/Welcome to Wikipedia|Welcome to Wikipedia]], [[Wikipedia|the free encyclopedia!]] You don't have to [[Special:Userlogin|log in]] to read or edit articles on Wikipedia, but if you wish to acquire [[Wikipedia:Why create an account?|additional privileges]], you can simply create an account. It's free, requires no personal information, and lets you:
* '''[[Help:Starting a new page|Create new pages]]''', and customize the appearance and behavior of the website
* '''[[Wikipedia:How to rename a page|Rename pages]]'''
* Edit '''[[Wikipedia:Semi-protection policy|semi-protected pages]]'''
* '''[[Special:Upload|Upload images]]'''
* Have your own '''[[Wikipedia:Watchlist|watchlist]]''', which shows when articles you are interested in have changed
* Utilize a vast array of '''[[WP:JS|editing tools]]'''

In addition, your [[IP address]] will no longer be visible to other users.

We hope that you choose to become a Wikipedian and '''[{{fullurl:Special:Userlogin|type=signup&campaign=anonwelcometemplate}} create an account]'''. If you need help, check out [[Wikipedia:Questions]], ask me on [[User talk:Blaster0425|my talk page]], or ask your question and then place <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[:Category:Wikipedians looking for help|helpme]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> before the question on this page. We also have an [[WP:TMM|intuitive guide on editing]] if you're interested. By the way, please make sure to [[Wikipedia:Sign your posts on talk pages|sign and date]] your talk page comments with four tildes ('''~~~~'''). Happy editing! [[User:Blaster0425|blaster]][[User talk:Blaster0425|talk!]] [[Special:Contributions/Blaster0425|see]] 11:47, 26 January 2014 (UTC)</div>

User talk:88.227.150.191

2014-01-26T11:42:14Z

Renamed user 042531102: Caution: Refactoring others' talk page comments on Talk:Windows Server 2012. (TW)

== January 2014 ==
[[File:Information orange.svg|25px|alt=Information icon]] Please do not [[Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines#Editing comments|delete or edit]] legitimate talk page comments, as you did at [[:Talk:Windows Server 2012]]. Such edits are disruptive and appear to be [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalism]]. If you would like to experiment, please use the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]]. Thank you. [[User:Blaster0425|blaster]][[User talk:Blaster0425|talk!]] [[Special:Contributions/Blaster0425|see]] 11:42, 26 January 2014 (UTC)
:''If this is a [[Network address translation|shared IP address]], and you did not make the edits, consider [[Wikipedia:Why create an account?|creating an account]] for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.''

Talk:Windows Server 2012

2014-01-26T11:41:02Z

Renamed user 042531102: Reverted 1 edit by 88.227.150.191 (talk) to last revision by Codename Lisa. (TW)

{{WikiProject Microsoft|windows=yes|class=B|importance=high|windows-importance=high}}
{{afd-merged-from|ReFS|ReFS|06 January 2012}}
{{afd-merged-from|Windows Server 2012 R2|Windows Server 2012 R2|01 July 2013}}
{{Article history
| action1 = GAN
| action1date = 03:39, 30 November 2012 (UTC)
| action1link = Talk:Windows Server 2012/GA1
| action1result = Fail
| action1oldid = 525360080

| action2 = GAN
| action2date = 00:38, 30 January 2013 (UTC)
| action2link = Talk:Windows Server 2012/GA2
| action2result = Fail
| action2oldid = 535529619

| action3 = GAN
| action3date = 08:56, 31 January 2013 (UTC)
| action3link = Talk:Windows Server 2012/GA3
| action3result = Pass
| action3oldid = 535832754

| currentstatus = GA
| topic = engtech
}}

== Name? ==

[http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2671501 Here], Microsoft refers to this OS as "Windows 8 Server"; however, I have seen little other authoritative sources ''confirming'' that as the final name.--[[User:Jasper Deng|Jasper Deng]] [[User talk:Jasper Deng|(talk)]] 01:32, 20 February 2012 (UTC)
:[http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/windowsserver/ MSDN] lit as Windows Server "8" Beta.[[User:Smallman12q|Smallman12q]] ([[User talk:Smallman12q|talk]])

== Upgrades/downgrades ==

Someone copied a line directly from the WS8 Beta Requirements which was not at all clear as pasted. Particularly, "Upgrades to this version (the beta) from Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2 are supported. You will not be able to upgrade to subsequent (beta/RC) releases from this (beta) release." Without the added words, the sentence meant that upgrades to Server 2012 from 2008/2008R2 were supported, but upgrades to the next post-2012 version of Windows Server would not be supported, which is completely untrue.

To summarize, the WS8 beta requirements and conditions were specific to the WS8 beta, and SHOULD NOT be presented as requirements/conditions for Windows Server 2012 in general. Mistranslations did occur.[[User:Forge64|Forge64]] ([[User talk:Forge64|talk]]) 17:46, 18 May 2012 (UTC)

==No more Itanium support==

Windows Server 2012 to have no support for Itanium-based computers. Oracle/Sun were sued by HP because Oracle has stopped releasing software for Itanium. Now that Microsoft has stopped supporting Itanium for future software does that mean HP or Intel will try to sue Microsoft ?
--[[User:Tygrus|tygrus]] ([[User talk:Tygrus|talk]]) 03:43, 24 May 2012 (UTC)
isinya kamseupay :p — Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/175.111.116.66|175.111.116.66]] ([[User talk:175.111.116.66|talk]]) 08:26, 23 August 2012 (UTC) 
:Chances of you seeing this are slim, but I'll reply anyway. No, it doesn't. The basis of HP filing against Oracle was that when an exec left HP to work for Oracle there was an agreement that Oracle would continue supporting the Itanium architecture HP was happily turning a profit off. When Oracle announced they were dropping the dead donkey HP sensed a massive impending loss of revenue and filed suit to force Oracle to prop up what is basically a failing business model. Intel only support Itanium because HP has paid them quite a chunk of money to do so. At this point I don't think Microsoft has any investment in either direction, but each release requires porting to be done and the market was shrinking, hence good business decision. See http://www.techweekeurope.co.uk/news/hp-wins-itanium-case-88150 [[User:Nazzy|Nazzy]] ([[User talk:Nazzy|talk]]) 04:34, 23 November 2012 (UTC)

== Maximum physical processors ==

The only reliable sources I could find were [http://home.techsoup.org/Stock/Pages/Product.aspx?id=LVS-47862] and [http://home.techsoup.org/Stock/Pages/Product.aspx?id=LVS-47823], but these appear to have been synthesized from Windows Server 2008 R2's editions by [[TechSoup]]. Should this be included? I don't think so because there appear to be no other sources.--[[User:Jasper Deng|Jasper Deng]] [[User talk:Jasper Deng|(talk)]] 20:17, 23 September 2012 (UTC)

== Windows Server 2012 Start Screen update ==

Please update screenshot of Windows Server 2012 Start Screen.
http://cdn-static.zdnet.com/i/story/70/00/001872/original/wse-2012-metrostartscreen-620x464.jpg?hash=Awp4ZwqwLG&upscale=1
:Hi. In order to replace the screenshot, we need a link to the page on which this new image appears. Sorry for inconvenience, but Wikipedia has to take copyright matters more than seriously. (It cannot afford being sued.) Best regards, [[User:Codename Lisa|Codename Lisa]] ([[User talk:Codename Lisa|talk]]) 12:11, 11 October 2012 (UTC)

{{Talk:Windows Server 2012/GA1}}

== Color guide in editions table ==
{{archivetop|It appears Nazzy's proposal has helped made a compromise. Although Jasper has not commented on the proposal, he has not objected to it either. Considering that he has edited the article multiple times after the changes were implemented, he must have noticed the color change.--[[User:Futuretrillionaire| FutureTrillionaire]] ([[User talk:Futuretrillionaire|talk]]) 22:49, 29 December 2012 (UTC)}}
{| class="wikitable floatright" style="font-size:smaller;"
|+ Current color guide
!Color !! Meaning
|-
|{{yes|Green}}
| Feature is present
|-
|{{Partial|Yellow}}
| Feature is present but limited
|-
|{{No|Red}}
|Feature is not present
|-
|{{Yes2|Cyan}}
|Same as green but one editor loves cyan!
|-
|{{No2|Light red}}
|Same as yellow but one editor loves light red!
|}
Hello

I think we have a problem: I am concerned about the meaning of the cell colors in Editions table the article. I feel the colors at the top section are completely meaningless. It seems if we were to add a guide to the table, we were unable to.

At the bottom, the green color is used for "Yes" (meaning that the feature is present), the red is used for "No" (meaning that the feature is absent) and yellow is used for "Partial" (meaning that the feature is present only to some extents). But at the top, where silvery gray, light red, green, cyan and yellow are used, I cannot associate a meaning.

For example why some numbers are light red and some are yellow? Why limitations on users is painted red in one cell and yellow in another? It seems there is an arbitrary user limit in both. (It seems to me it is a feature with limitation so, the cells should be yellow.) Why the term "unlimited" is sometimes green and sometimes cyan? I cannot assume cyan means "unlimited but there is CAL requirements" because:
#The CPU cell containing 64 is in cyan. According to the source, the limitation is by technical specs, not by license.
#The word Unlimited in Virtualization rights is in cyan where there is no CAL requirements.
#When I read the sources, it seems all inbound connection to a Standard/Datacenter edition of the server needs a CAL; why the Unlimited cells in "File Services limits" and "Network Policy and Access Services limits" are green?

Best regards, 
[[User:Codename Lisa|Codename Lisa]] ([[User talk:Codename Lisa|talk]]) 09:58, 29 October 2012 (UTC)

:Myself i would keep the colours to Red, Green & Yellow. Anything else shouldn't be filled in my opinion. --[[User:JetBlast|JetBlast]] ([[User talk:JetBlast|talk]]) 10:02, 29 October 2012 (UTC)
::Cyan and light red do have meaning. Codename Lisa, you are getting everything wrong with those, except #3: 1 - that limit is lower unless you get the right # of licenses, 2 - you first need to license a server before you can take advantage of virtualization rights. Yellow would be misleading, since, for example, 25 users and 15 users for the 2 lower editions isn't as good as unlimited requiring CALs, but 25 is also better than 15, and both are better than none at all, hence both are intermediates, but unequal intermediates, necessating color coding.--[[User:Jasper Deng|Jasper Deng]] [[User talk:Jasper Deng|(talk)]] 17:09, 29 October 2012 (UTC)
:::Hello, Jasper.

:::I am beginning to see the light in your line of thinking but I think it is still not well-defined. Look here, you must make up your mind on one point: Does cyan means "License required", or "[[Client access license|CAL]]s required", or "limited only by per-processor licensing scheme" or a combination of the last two?
:::*If it means "license required", then the entire table should be cyan because any production use of any feature of Windows Server 2012 requires a license
:::*If it means "CALs required", then processor chip limit and virtualization rights need not be cyan but many other items which are set to yes (green) need CALs and must b cyan. Your acceptance of my item #3 hints to this alignment of mind
:::*If it means "limited only by per-processor licensing scheme", then "User limit" and "Remote Desktop Services limits" must not by cyan. Your items #1 and #2 suggest this alignment of mind
:::*If it means a combination of the above, then a whole lot of items in Standard and Datacenter columns need re-coloring.

:::In my humble opinion, however, extensive coloring (even a valid and well-defined one) confuses the reader. I say let's stick to KISS principle: Either remove all colors from the disputed upper part of the table (let users face cold written facts) or drop the use of light red and cyan. In both cases, "Licensing model" cell should handle explaining licensing intricacies (footnote [d] should be split; part of only attached to Licensing model and part to RDP).

:::Best regards,
:::[[User:Codename Lisa|Codename Lisa]] ([[User talk:Codename Lisa|talk]]) 18:47, 29 October 2012 (UTC)
::::Cyan means ''any'' sort of license is required, but this is only for features directly affected by licensing restrictions. If it's too confusing, a legend table or another footnote can be made.--[[User:Jasper Deng|Jasper Deng]] [[User talk:Jasper Deng|(talk)]] 02:40, 30 October 2012 (UTC)
:::::Hi. Just saw this message. At the moment, it does not mean directly affected by licensing restrictions because everything that needs CAL is directly affected by the licensing restrictions as well. It is Windows Server after all: Breathing in it is restricted by licensing restrictions. And no, I am not in favor of complicating the matter. I am in favor of eradicating this mess. Best regards, [[User:Codename Lisa|Codename Lisa]] ([[User talk:Codename Lisa|talk]]) 10:55, 5 November 2012 (UTC)
::::::Not true. As I've made it clear, I will not accept KISS-based arguments here and I will not accept anything that doesn't color-code direct licensing restrictions. Alas, though, we should not color-code file services, etc., because these are covered by "user limit", while for IIS it's irrelevant as CALs aren't needed. (btw, you don't have to sign every comment with "Best regards," as you aren't writing a letter to us!).--[[User:Jasper Deng|Jasper Deng]] [[User talk:Jasper Deng|(talk)]] 06:23, 6 November 2012 (UTC)
:::::::Hello, Jasper
:::::::It is time to wrap this up. We already have a 2 to 1 [[WP:consensus|consensus]]. It is weak but a weak consensus is still a consensus. And the RFC has not come through yet. So, let me ask frankly: What it'll be? Should we act according to the established consensus or should we proceed down the chain of dispute resolution?

:::::::And by the way, I advise you to start and end your messages as I do. It makes you feel a lot better about everything. It makes you smile. You will feel you cannot help but love the recipient of your message.

:::::::Best regards,
:::::::[[User:Codename Lisa|Codename Lisa]] ([[User talk:Codename Lisa|talk]]) 07:20, 6 November 2012 (UTC)
::::::::1: 2-1 does not consensus make. 2 - Wait for the RfC. 3 - Nope, I politely decline, as "best regards" is tiresome, and doesn't have the desired effects.--[[User:Jasper Deng|Jasper Deng]] [[User talk:Jasper Deng|(talk)]] 07:23, 6 November 2012 (UTC)
:::::::::Hello
:::::::::Okay. I gave you a fast option of getting out of the dispute quick and you just refused. No problem for me. I am just worried about your GA nomination. It will probably not go through until there is active disputes.
:::::::::Best regards,
:::::::::[[User:Codename Lisa|Codename Lisa]] ([[User talk:Codename Lisa|talk]]) 07:46, 6 November 2012 (UTC)
::::::::::It's not my decision, not my problem, and not my choice. The GA nomination doesn't consider this to be overly important, so we can just wait for the RfC to conclude. I won't spend any more time considering your invalid arguments here. I have better things to do (including on this article).--[[User:Jasper Deng|Jasper Deng]] [[User talk:Jasper Deng|(talk)]] 07:54, 6 November 2012 (UTC)
Colours pointlessly over complicate things. I agree with Lisa. --[[User:JetBlast|JetBlast]] ([[User talk:JetBlast|talk]]) 10:30, 30 October 2012 (UTC)
:Far from pointless. They make the hierarchies visually apparent (though I can jettison light red if you want, but cyan will stay).--[[User:Jasper Deng|Jasper Deng]] [[User talk:Jasper Deng|(talk)]] 00:34, 31 October 2012 (UTC)
::Hi. There seems to be 2 to 1 in favor of color removal, so I am calling an RFC to receive additional input. Best regards, [[User:Codename Lisa|Codename Lisa]] ([[User talk:Codename Lisa|talk]]) 06:55, 31 October 2012 (UTC)

Hi. I think we've waited for RfC long enough. I have sent a notice for WikiProject Microsoft too, but no response yet. So, I'm acting according to the obtained consensus. Best regards, [[User:Codename Lisa|Codename Lisa]] ([[User talk:Codename Lisa|talk]]) 10:27, 11 November 2012 (UTC)
:No, RfCs typically run for a full month or longer. Again, 2-1 does not consensus make. If you need more commentary, open another DRN entry.--[[User:Jasper Deng|Jasper Deng]] [[User talk:Jasper Deng|(talk)]] 19:46, 12 November 2012 (UTC)
::Agreed wikipedia runs form a consensus not voting. --[[User:JetBlast|JetBlast]] ([[User talk:JetBlast|talk]]) 22:05, 12 November 2012 (UTC)
:::Hello, Jasper. I can wait for another 15 days, no problem. But I personally don't bet on it. I can notify other projects as well. Best regards, [[User:Codename Lisa|Codename Lisa]] ([[User talk:Codename Lisa|talk]]) 23:15, 12 November 2012 (UTC)

If I may make a suggestion (if this has already been considered and discarded feel free to tell me so and ignore it, I'm having to post in a rather tight window so I've not fully reviewed the discussion sorry):
* Change all the cells on the rows "Processor chip limit" to default grey. This isn't a feature you "can have" or "can't have" but rather just a number.
* Change all the Unlimited cells from Cyan to green. Adds clarity and consistency.
* Change the remaining Foundation and Essentials cells that are pink to be yellow.
* I personally would have the Virtualisation row as is but with the red/yellow/green instead of pink/yellow/cyan.
* And finally, on pure personal preference on what I consider well formatted, I would split "Network Policy and Access Services limits" in to 3 rows, one for RRAS, one for IAS connections and one for IAS groups.
The way it's laid out currently does have a meaning with the different colours but it's quite unintuitive. Yellow is always partial, I can't think of any other table I've encountered on wiki using a sliding scale for yellow as partial implementation is entirely subjective to the requirement. While numerically better, if you only need 10 users then the 25 limit of essentials isn't subjectively better. Partial is partial, limited is limited, and we're not supposed to be formatting it as if we were selling the product. TL,DR: it may have meaning, but without context it looks inconsistent and sloppy and doesn't actually convey the reason for being so.

Opinions?
[[User:Nazzy|Nazzy]] ([[User talk:Nazzy|talk]]) 02:19, 17 November 2012 (UTC)
:Hi. As far as the color goes, I think it is a good compromise. So, I agree. As for your logic, again, I agree. But about splitting the "Network Policy and Access Services limits", I have no opinion at the moment. Maybe later. Best regards, [[User:Codename Lisa|Codename Lisa]] ([[User talk:Codename Lisa|talk]]) 10:23, 17 November 2012 (UTC)
{{archivebottom}}

== Plaigirism ==

I have '''failed''' this article's nomination due to plaigirism being present in the article.

More details can be found on the assessment page here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Windows_Server_2012/GA2
[[User:Retrolord|Retrolord]] ([[User talk:Retrolord|talk]]) 00:40, 30 January 2013 (UTC)
:There is no reason to hastily fail it when the issue has been fixed rather quickly.--[[User:Jasper Deng|Jasper Deng]] [[User talk:Jasper Deng|(talk)]] 00:53, 30 January 2013 (UTC)

== Failure or weak content? ==
:1.) Server 2008 is based on the NT 6.0 codebase (Server 2003 was NT 5.2 codebase); Server 2008 R2 was based on NT 6.1 cdoebase; Server 2012 is based on NT 6.2 codebase. Programatic errors in Server 2003, e.g. DPC Interrupts ("to be fixed in 6.1"), are still un-fixed in Server 2012.
:2.) Windows codebase NT 6+ virtualizes the Windows OS itself. "Bare metal" Hyper-V itself can be run as a Vdisk from EFI boot. The article implies Hyper-V capabilities are new with Server 2012. On the subject of Hyper-V, Server 2012 and Win8 Hyper-V have radical hardware requirements that exclude older legacy software (this is a critical point for many businesses, also reinforcing the article's blatant parroting of Microsoft press releases.)
:3a.) Itanium, MS Devs were told by Intel that it was still an "alpha" product. MS taking the same stance when designing NT for the (missing in action) Intel N-10 (codename for the i860). Intel was getting on the bandwagon for "massively parallel computing" based on HP PA-Risc designs; we currently see that in GPUs that perform many tasks per instruction, and Military systems like the Cray. They require special recompiler compilers and MS (and Intel) programmers are just not that smart (i.e. parallel computing streams require synchronization). The AMD 64-bit extensions and multi-core CPUs killed the need.
:3b.) Microsoft continues to write the x86 HAL (Hardware Abstraction Layer) however CPU manufacturers write the HAL for their CPUs (hence no windows 8 or server 2012 on ARM). The HAL provides support for Windows "Native Mode" (e.g. XBox), of which everything else is built (well that also brings up EFI and BIOS support). HP did Itanium HAL, just as DEC did Alpha HAL, IBM did PowerPC HAL, NEC did MIPS HAL, etc. Note that AMD contributed to the Windows x64 HAL (and Intel copied the x64 extensions), otherwise we would still be running 32 bit Windows. (If you use the MS Embedded tools, there are emulators and code support for Windows Compact Edition on other CPUs, but MS notes that it is provided by manufacturers of embedded hardware, not by Microsoft.)
:4.) "Installation options" section it a bit confused, could use a rewrite. And PowerShell 3.0? Powershell can be run at the command line but does require that user mode GUI components be installed.
:5.) "Essentials" is the follow-on to Small Business Server 2011 Essentials and as such does allow Active Directory integration with Microsoft Online Services AKA Office365. HyperV role will install but need to turn off error messages/system complaints. Ditto with running Essentials atop Hyper-V.
:6.) Server 2012 "bare metal" Hyper-V can be installed at no cost. As I noted in #2 above, the VLAN IP Address control is part of HyperV and Native Windows virtualization.
:7.) The Server 2012 beta had Active Directory dependencies on IPv4 (similar to Server 2008 R2) configuration. I question "full support for IPv4 and IPv6". This may be too technical, but the Server Migration Tool (and Forefront Identity Manager) does create an Active Directory federation between two servers (e.g. SBS to Essentials).
:[[User:Shjacks45|Shjacks45]] ([[User talk:Shjacks45|talk]]) 09:50, 23 May 2013 (UTC)

:#Do you have [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] for that allegation? In my opinion it does not merit mention in the article per [[WP:DUE]].
:#Hyper-V Server 2012 is internally the same as Windows Server 2012, and it was in this fashion that Microsoft introduced Hyper-V here.
:#But what do you suggest for the article here?
:#Please be specific.
:#Do you have [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] for that? Note that if Microsoft doesn't officially support installation of Hyper-V, we can't include it in the chart just based on that.
:#But what does that suggest for the article?
:#IPv4/IPv6 full support only applies to IPAM.
:--[[User:Jasper Deng|Jasper Deng]] [[User talk:Jasper Deng|(talk)]] 17:45, 1 July 2013 (UTC)

== Merging in [[Windows Server 2012 R2]] ==

Before I begin the merge that's prescribed by the result of the deletion discussion, I'm seeking feedback on how we should lay it out. I know it should be mentioned in the History section, but how are we going to accommodate the new features of Windows Server 2012 R2? The way the Features and Editions sections are organized now doesn't yield immediate answers to this.--[[User:Jasper Deng|Jasper Deng]] [[User talk:Jasper Deng|(talk)]] 17:50, 1 July 2013 (UTC)
:Hi. Just open a "Windows Server 2013 R2" section before "Reception" and move almost everything there. (History can be dealt with when there is enough contents to add.) The infobox needs to go. Wordings need to change so it no longer look like a lead section. Oh, and the most difficult thing is associating one footnote for each feature. Best regards, [[User:Codename Lisa|Codename Lisa]] ([[User talk:Codename Lisa|talk]]) 13:29, 2 July 2013 (UTC)
::The section should be opened after "Reception" (and all other sections), not before, for consistency with [[Windows 8.1]]. [[User:Dogmaticeclectic|Dogmaticeclectic]] ([[User talk:Dogmaticeclectic|talk]]) 13:33, 2 July 2013 (UTC)
::(@Codename Lisa) The problem is that in my opinion, the article would be rather disorganized in that form. I wouldn't think that could work if this article is to keep its GA status.--[[User:Jasper Deng|Jasper Deng]] [[User talk:Jasper Deng|(talk)]] 01:42, 3 July 2013 (UTC)
:::Hi. We will eventually have additions to history section, but at this time, you'll find the merged contents shrink. Anyway, you worry too much. Just dive into action and you see how things begin to fit nicely. There is no person more capable of deciding what fits best than one who is already involved with it. Best regards, [[User:Codename Lisa|Codename Lisa]] ([[User talk:Codename Lisa|talk]]) 02:04, 3 July 2013 (UTC)

I disagree with the merge. This is more than just a service pack. It's between the way 2008 and 2008R2 differ and a typical service pack. Also:
<ref>http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/06/microsoft-promises-annual-windows-server-updates-can-it-cope/</ref>
"Unlike the client Windows 8.1 update, which will be free to existing Windows 8 users, the new wave of server updates are all paid updates, including Windows Server 2012 R2. This means that customers who paid full price for their licenses will have to pay again to upgrade. Software Assurance customers, however, will receive the new versions as part of their subscription."[[User:Hceuterpe|Hceuterpe]] ([[User talk:Hceuterpe|talk]]) 19:57, 11 July 2013 (UTC)
:I compared it to [[Windows Server 2003 R2]], which was a pretty minor update. Consensus was to make the merge in the deletion discussion of the article.--[[User:Jasper Deng|Jasper Deng]] [[User talk:Jasper Deng|(talk)]] 20:16, 11 July 2013 (UTC)

:Hello, Hceuterpe. I am afraid you are late; twelve years late, to be accurate. You should have been present at the time [[WP:CRYSTAL]] was ratified, although I offer no comment as to whether you could do anything to stop it from being effective. In any case, this is the decision of [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Windows Server 2012 R2]]. It is out of our hands now, unless sufficient [[WP:IS|independent sources]] to substantiate a split comes to the light. Best regards, [[User:Codename Lisa|Codename Lisa]] ([[User talk:Codename Lisa|talk]]) 21:06, 11 July 2013 (UTC)

== Copyright problem removed ==

Prior content in this article duplicated one or more previously published sources. The material was copied from: http://download.microsoft.com/download/0/4/B/04BD0EB1-42FE-488B-919F-3981EF9B2101/WS2012_Licensing-Pricing_Datasheet.pdf. Copied or closely paraphrased material has been rewritten or removed and must not be restored, ''unless'' it is duly released under a compatible license. (For more information, please see [[Wikipedia:COPYRIGHT#Using_copyrighted_work_from_others|"using copyrighted works from others"]] if you are not the copyright holder of this material, or [[Wikipedia:Donating copyrighted materials|"donating copyrighted materials"]] if you are.) For [[Wikipedia:Copyrights|legal reasons]], we cannot accept [[Wikipedia:Copyrights|copyrighted]] text or images borrowed from other web sites or published material; such additions will be deleted. Contributors may use copyrighted publications as a source of ''information'', but not as a source of ''sentences'' or ''phrases''. Accordingly, the material ''may'' be rewritten, but only if it does not infringe on the copyright of the original ''or'' [[Wikipedia:Plagiarism|plagiarize]] from that source. Please see our [[Wikipedia:NFC#Text|guideline on non-free text]] for how to properly implement limited quotations of copyrighted text. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously, and persistent violators '''will''' be [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked]] from editing. While we appreciate contributions, we must require all contributors to understand and comply with these policies. Thank you.  [[User:Codename Lisa|Codename Lisa]] ([[User talk:Codename Lisa|talk]]) 12:56, 2 October 2013 (UTC)
: [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Windows_Server_2012&diff=575434744&oldid=575432585 Done]. I am sorry for copy-paste --[[User:WikiCle|WikiCle]] ([[User talk:WikiCle|talk]]) 13:28, 2 October 2013 (UTC)

== "Boot from SCSI" as new feature in R2 ==

So the plain/non-R2 2012 couldn't? When was this removed (2008?) [[User:Someone not using his real name|Someone not using his real name]] ([[User talk:Someone not using his real name|talk]]) 12:41, 21 December 2013 (UTC)
:Hi.

:A very strange assertion. Virtual machine usually use SCSI hard disk controllers and virtual machine boot up just fine. In fact, so long as BIOS or UEFI can find it, it boots up. This assertion lacks source. I am deleting it.

:Best regards,
:[[User:Codename Lisa|Codename Lisa]] ([[User talk:Codename Lisa|talk]]) 16:30, 21 December 2013 (UTC)

:P.S. Maybe it is [[iSCSI]]. Best regards, [[User:Codename Lisa|Codename Lisa]] ([[User talk:Codename Lisa|talk]]) 16:34, 21 December 2013 (UTC)

Million standard cubic feet per day

2014-01-26T11:37:37Z

Renamed user 042531102: Reverted 1 edit by 84.233.139.196 (talk) to last revision by 138.57.212.11. (TW)

'''Million standard cubic feet per day''' is a unit of measurement for gases that is predominantly used in the [[United States]]. It is frequently abbreviated MMSCFD, where "MM" means million. MMSCFD is commonly used as a measure of [[natural gas]], [[liquefied petroleum gas]] (LPG), [[compressed natural gas]] (CNG) and other gases that extracted, processed or transported in high quantities.

A related measure is Mega standard cubic metres per day (MSm3/d), which equals to 103 MMSm3/d used in many countries outside the United States.<ref>[http://www.bg-group.com/ara/2004/images/pdf/definitions.pdf Definitions] of the [[BG Group]] in the [[United Kingdom]]</ref> One MMSCFD equals 1180 Sm3/h.

When converting to mass flowrate, the density of the gas should be used at '''Standard''' temperature and pressure.

==See also==
*[[SCFM]]

==External links==
* [http://www.easyindustries.de/en Application for conversion of volume, mass and molar flows]

==References==
<references/>

{{DEFAULTSORT:Million Standard Cubic Feet Per Day}}
[[Category:Chemical engineering]]
[[Category:Natural gas]]
[[Category:Gases]]

{{engineering-stub}}

Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:SingerLorenzo/sandbox

2014-01-26T11:33:35Z

Renamed user 042531102:

====[[User:SingerLorenzo/sandbox]]====
:{{pagelinks|User:SingerLorenzo/sandbox}}
[[WP:FAKEARTICLE]] [[User:Blaster0425|blaster]][[User talk:Blaster0425|talk!]] [[Special:Contributions/Blaster0425|see]] 11:31, 26 January 2014 (UTC)
* '''Delete''' [[User:Blaster0425|blaster]][[User talk:Blaster0425|talk!]] [[Special:Contributions/Blaster0425|see]] 11:33, 26 January 2014 (UTC)

Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion

2014-01-26T11:31:54Z

Renamed user 042531102: Adding Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:SingerLorenzo/sandbox. (TW)

<noinclude>{{pp-move-indef}}</noinclude>
{{/Front matter}}
[[Category:Non-talk pages with subpages that are automatically signed]]



==Current discussions==
:Pages currently being considered are indexed by the day on which they were first listed. Please place new listings at the top of the section for the current day. If no section for the current day is present, please start a new section.
{{purgepage}}


===January 26, 2014===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:SingerLorenzo/sandbox}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Aryeh Weissman}}

===January 25, 2014===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Aakuaks.desai/Vishal Kansagra}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:SilverStar/DraftNotice}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Nth Complexity/United Front/Theory of relativity}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Cyffa Leyenda}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Book:The Akashic Records}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Jhorar}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Ali.hussain28}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:57.73.32.194/sandbox}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Mikehoska}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Kaushal naresh}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Mayuresh Distro}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Mixcoacalli}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Billkirwin}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Stewart Bint}}

===January 24, 2014===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Bradley Skeete}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:Soft deletion/Proposed deletion}}

===January 23, 2014===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:IqbalSurve}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Vindika Thilina Ambagahage}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Rev.TerryC.Barber}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Momcilosavovic}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:VideoGameWizard}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:DSWADR}}

===January 22, 2014===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:Barclays edit-a-thon}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia talk:Articles for creation/list of films with all star cast}}

===January 21, 2014===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Jvaughn0822/Plastic-flamingos.com}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Asesino04}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Jastaline}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:LucyFallahi/sandbox}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Enkyo2/Sandbox-Fukue}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Infidelity acmlm}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:ANDRENETWORK}}

===January 20, 2014===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Liricfan/sandbox}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:BBLeicester/sandbox}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:Don't-give-a-fuckism (5th nomination)}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:FYVoiceone/sandbox}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Lil Sly}}

===January 19, 2014===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Amelialilyoliver}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Superwiki1001/Omega Heroes}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Aqualeafein}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Breebell120/sandbox}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Vixvacious}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Long last isalnd 4}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:ReeceShrapnel/sandbox}}

===January 18, 2014===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:TLAs from AAA to DZZ}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Next DOA Master}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Kevin Canzanello/new article name here}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Ventura16/sandbox}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:The Minecraft Project}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Ethgames/sandbox}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:PopEthanBlaze/sandbox}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:AdultEthanBlaze/sandbox}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:NerdEthanBlaze/sandbox}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User talk:Islam Jaya's Next Top Model}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User talk:Entertain1}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User talk:ILMS1}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Dr.Dolal}}

==Old business==
{{mfdbacklog}}
===January 17, 2014===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Abdullah Karim (Abdee)}}

===January 16, 2014===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Iamobaidur}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Muhmmadsabir/UserProfileIntro}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Muhmmadsabir}}

===January 15, 2014===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Creatorsbug}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:New Zealand's Got Talent Season 2/sandbox}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Coolfunkid}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Joshua odongo onono}}

===January 13, 2014===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Robinyson/Builder Account Coordinator FAQ}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Stephanie143/sandbox}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Buffs/PD-Iran in US}}

===January 12, 2014===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:WikiProject Puerto Rico/Cleanup listing}}

===January 11, 2014===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Inam Ur Rehman}}

===January 9, 2014===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Dedhiyaparas}}

===January 6, 2014===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:PMDrive1061/Sharples filmography}}

===January 4, 2014===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Panchgachia}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Go2sonusingh}}

===January 2, 2014===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Livin'InAGhostTown/sandbox}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:In23065/Sandbox}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Liquidluck/Sandbox}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Abdullah788/Sandbox}}

===January 1, 2014===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Darkshadow1990/Template:American Idol}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Darkshadow1990/The Saturdays disc}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Darkshadow1990/Our Versions of Events}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Darkshadow1990/Down For Whatever}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Darkshadow1990/Paloma Faith}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Darkshadow1990/will.i.am}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Darkshadow1990/Misha B}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Darkshadow1990/Emeli Sande}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Darkshadow1990/Nicki Minaj}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Darkshadow1990/Read All About It (Part III)}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Darkshadow1990/Natalie Bassingthwaighte}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Darkshadow1990/Christmas Gift}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Darkshadow1990/Matt Cardle}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Darkshadow1990/Chasing The Saturdays}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Darkshadow1990/What About Us}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Darkshadow1990/Living for the Weekend}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Darkshadow1990/The Saturdays}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Darkshadow1990/The X Factor (Australia)}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Darkshadow1990/Nicole Scherzinger}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Darkshadow1990/Melanie Brown}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Darkshadow1990/Alexandra Burke}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:AmberLayla93}}

===December 28, 2013===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:WikiTeX}}

===December 18, 2013===
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:AnTech Ltd/Coiled Tubing Drilling}}
{{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Dancingwiththestars09}}

==Closed discussions==
'''For archived Miscellany for deletion debates see the [[Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Archived debates|MfD Archives]].'''

User talk:SingerLorenzo

2014-01-26T11:31:50Z

Renamed user 042531102: Notification: listing at miscellany for deletion of User:SingerLorenzo/sandbox. (TW)

== SingerLorenzo, you are invited on a Wikipedia Adventure! ==

<div style="background-color: #040023; border-radius:10px; color: #E9E9F0; font-family: 'futura', arial, sans serif; padding: 2em 1em 1em 1em">
<div style="margin-left: 9em">
<div style="float:left">
The</div>
<div style="float:left; margin-top: -.45em">
[[File:Wikipedia-logo-white.svg|130px|link=WP:TWA]]</div>
<div style="float:left">
Adventure</div>
</div>
{{clear}}

{| style="margin: 1em; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans serif;"
|- valign="top"
| [[File:TWA guide.svg|100px|alt=The Wikipedia Adventure guide|link=w:en:Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Adventure]]
| <div style="background-color:#ffffff; color: #393D38; padding: 1em;border-radius:10px; font-size: 1.1em;">
Hi '''SingerLorenzo'''!! You're invited to play ''The Wikipedia Adventure'', an interactive game to become a great contributor to Wikipedia. It's a fun interstellar journey--learn how to edit Wikipedia in about an hour. We hope to see you there!
<div class="submit ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only" role="button" aria-disabled="false">[[Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Adventure/Portal|Play The Wikipedia Adventure]]</div> This message was delivered automatically by your robot friend, [[User:HostBot|HostBot]] ([[User talk:HostBot|talk]]) 18:16, 4 December 2013 (UTC)
</div>
|}
</div>
==MfD nomination of [[User:SingerLorenzo/sandbox]]==
[[User:SingerLorenzo/sandbox]], a page you substantially contributed to, has been nominated for [[WP:MfD|deletion]]. Your opinions on the matter are welcome; please participate in the discussion by adding your comments at [[Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:SingerLorenzo/sandbox ]] and please be sure to [[WP:SIG|sign your comments]] with four tildes (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>). You are free to edit the content of [[User:SingerLorenzo/sandbox]] during the discussion but should not remove the miscellany for deletion template from the top of the page; such a removal will not end the deletion discussion. Thank you. [[User:Blaster0425|blaster]][[User talk:Blaster0425|talk!]] [[Special:Contributions/Blaster0425|see]] 11:31, 26 January 2014 (UTC)

Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:SingerLorenzo/sandbox

2014-01-26T11:31:44Z

Renamed user 042531102: Creating deletion discussion page for User:SingerLorenzo/sandbox. (TW)

Timeline of English history

2014-01-26T11:15:30Z

Renamed user 042531102: Reverted 2 edits by 202.156.120.223 (talk) to last revision by 91.236.210.55. (TW)

__NOTOC__
This is a '''timeline of [[England|English]] history''', comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in England and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see [[History of England]]. See also the [[list of English monarchs]] and [[list of British monarchs]].

{{Dynamic list}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2012}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2012}}

<div class="toc"> '''Millennia''': [[#1st millennium BC|1st BC]]{{·}}[[#1st millennium|1st–2nd]]{{·}}[[#3rd millennium|3rd]] </div>
{{anchor|1st millennium BC}}

== 1st century BC ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 55 BC || || [[Roman Republic|Roman]] [[Roman General|General]] [[Julius Caesar]] invaded [[Great Britain]], gaining a third of the country.
|-
| 54 BC || || [[Roman Republic|Roman]] [[Roman General|General]] [[Julius Caesar]] again invaded [[Great Britain]].
|}
{{anchor|1st millennium}}
<div class="toc"> '''Centuries''': [[#1st century|1st]]{{·}}[[#2nd century|2nd]]{{·}}[[#3rd century|3rd]]{{·}}[[#4th century|4th]]{{·}}[[#5th century|5th]]{{·}}[[#6th century|6th]]{{·}}[[#7th century|7th]]{{·}}[[#8th century|8th]]{{·}}[[#9th century|9th]]{{·}}[[#10th century|10th]]{{·}}[[#11th century|11th]]{{·}}[[#12th century|12th]]{{·}}[[#13th century|13th]]{{·}}[[#14th century|14th]]{{·}}[[#15th century|15th]]{{·}}[[#16th century|16th]]{{·}}[[#17th century|17th]]{{·}}[[#18th century|18th]]{{·}}[[#19th century|19th]]{{·}}[[#20th century|20th]] </div>

== 1st century ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 43 || || [[Aulus Plautius]] led an army of forty thousand invading [[Great Britain]]. [[Emperor Claudius]] makes [[Great Britain|Britain]] a part of the [[Roman Empire]].
|-
| 60 || || A revolt against the [[Roman Empire|Roman]] occupation, led by [[Boudica]] of the [[Iceni]], began.
|}

== 2nd century ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| rowspan="2" valign="top" | 122 || || Construction began on [[Hadrian's Wall]]. The [[Roman Empire|Roman]] [[Roman Emperor|Emperor]] [[Hadrian]] visited [[Roman Britain]] and appointed [[Aulus Platorius Nepos]] its Governor.
|}

== 3rd century ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 206 || || Governor [[Lucius Alfenus Senecio]] repaired [[Hadrian's Wall]] and appealed for help from the [[Roman Emperor|Emperor]] against the northern tribes.
|-
| 214 || || [[Roman Britain]] was divided into two provinces, [[Britannia Superior]] and [[Britannia Inferior]], with administrative centres at [[Roman London|London]] and [[York]] respectively.
|}

== 4th century ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 368 || || ''[[Great Conspiracy]]'': A year-long series of raids conducted by the [[Picts]] and [[Saxons]], which would force the [[Roman Empire|Roman]] abandonment of [[Hadrian's Wall]] and cause the death of their military commander [[Fullofaudes]], began.
|-
| 383 || || The [[Roman Empire|Romans]] began to withdraw from [[Great Britain]].
|}

== 5th century ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 410 || || [[Picts]] from the north, [[Scots]] from the west and the [[Saxons]], who had been a nuisance to the Romans for 50 years, attacked the unprotected British Celts.
|-
| 449 || || The [[Angles]], [[Saxons]], [[Jutes]], and [[Frisians]] began to occupy Great Britain. Lead by [[Hengist]]. (Marks the beginning of Old English)
|-
| 466 || || The [[Battle of Wippedesfleot]] took place.
|}

== 6th century ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 500 || || Beginning of [[Heptarchy]] (Seven kingdoms [[Kent]], [[Essex]], [[Sussex]], [[Wessex]], [[East Anglia]], [[Mercia]], and [[North Northumbria]].)
|-
| 547 || || Rule of [[Ida of Bernicia]] begins.
|-
| 556 || || [[Battle of Beran Byrig]]
|-
| 597 || || [[Saint Augustine of Canterbury]] arrived in [[England]] to begin the conversion of the English, by baptizing King Ethelbert of Kent, thus introducing the influence of Latin.
|}

== 7th century ==

{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 633 || || [[Battle of Hatfield Chase]]
|-
| 634 || || [[Battle of Heavenfield]]
|-
| 664 || || The [[Synod of Whitby]] aligned the English with Roman rather than Celtic Christianity. (How to celebrate holidays such as Easter and perform practices within the Church.)
|-
| 641 or 642 || || [[Battle of Maserfield]]
|-
| 655 or 654 || || [[Battle of the Winwaed]]
|-
| 679 || || [[Battle of the Trent]]
|}

== 8th century ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 716 || || [[Æthelbald of Mercia|Æthelbald]] becomes King of [[Mercia]], marking the beginning of that kingdom's ascendancy over the other Saxon realms.
|-
| 730 || || The venerable [[Bede]] produced the ecclesiastical history of the English people.
|-
| 757 || || [[Offa]] becomes King of [[Mercia]], to rule until 796.
|-
| 787 || || The [[Scandinavian]] invasion began with raids along the northeast sea coast.
|-
| 793 || || [[Vikings]] raided [[Lindisfarne]].
|}

== 9th century ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 825 || || [[Battle of Ellendun]]: King [[Egbert of Wessex]] defeats the Mercians, ending the Mercian Supremacy.
|-
| 842 || || Vikings raid London, Rochester, and Southampton.
|-
| 878 || || ''[[Battle of Ethandun]]'': A [[Vikings|Viking]] defeat took place which would result in the [[Treaty of Wedmore]] and the establishment of the [[Danelaw]].
|-
| 895 || || A [[Denmark|Danish]] fleet was captured by [[Alfred the Great]].
|}

== 10th century ==

{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 910 || 5 August || [[Battle of Tettenhall]]
|-
| 927 || || [[Æthelstan]] '''unites''' the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy into the '''[[Kingdom of England]]'''.
|-
| 937 || || [[Battle of Brunanburh]]
|-
| 980 || || Vikings begin a new wave of raids on England.
|-
| 991 || 10 August || [[Battle of Maldon]]: Danes defeat the English army. Payment of [[Danegeld]].
|}

== 11th century ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 1016 || || [[Cnut the Great]] of Denmark becomes king of all England.
|-
| 1043 || || [[Edward the Confessor]] becomes king of all England.
|-
| rowspan=3| 1066
|| || ''[[Battle of Fulford]]'': A battle took place in which English forces were defeated by Norse invaders in northeastern England.
|-
| || ''[[Battle of Stamford Bridge]]'': The remaining Norse under [[Harald Hardrada]] were defeated by the bulk of England's army under the command of its king.
|-
| || ''[[Battle of Hastings]]'': A battle took place in which England's remaining forces were defeated by invaders from [[Normandy]]. This was known as the [[Norman Conquest]], which caused [[William the Conqueror]] to be crowned king of England and permanently changed the English language and culture.
|-
| 1086 || || Work commenced on the [[Domesday Book]].
|-
|}

== 12th century ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 1135 || || A civil war began, know to posterity as [[The Anarchy]], lasting until 1153.
|-
| 1138 || || The [[Battle of the Standard]], an engagement in which the English defeated an invading Scottish army led by King David I.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Anarchy: Battle of the Standard|url=http://militaryhistory.about.com/od/battleswars10011200/p/battle-of-the-standard.htm|publisher=About}}</ref>
|-
| 1164 || || The [[Constitutions of Clarendon]], a set of laws which governed the trial of members of the [[Catholic Church]] in England, were issued.
|-
| 1170 || || [[Archbishop of Canterbury|Archbishop]] of [[Diocese of Canterbury|Canterbury]] [[Thomas Becket]] was assassinated.
|-
| 1192 || || ''[[Crusades]]'': King [[Richard I of England|Richard I]] was captured by [[Duchy of Austria|Austrian]] Duke [[Leopold V, Duke of Austria]] while returning from the [[Holy Land]].
|-
| 1194 || || [[Richard I of England|Richard]] was ransomed and returned to England.
|}

== 13th century ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 1209 || || King [[John, King of England|John]] was excommunicated from the [[Catholic Church]] by [[Pope]] [[Pope Innocent III|Innocent III]].
|-
| 1215 || || The [[Magna Carta]] was signed.
|-
| 1237 || || The [[Treaty of York]] was signed, fixing the border between [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]] and England.
|-
| 1264 || || ''[[Battle of Lewes]]'': Rebel English barons led by [[Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester]] defeated King [[Henry III of England|Henry III]].
|-
| 1267 || || [[Henry III of England|Henry]] recognised the authority of [[Llywelyn the Last|Llywelyn ap Gruffydd]] in [[Kingdom of Gwynedd|Gwynedd]].
|-
| 1277 || || England annexed [[Kingdom of Gwynedd|Gwynedd]].
|-
| 1279 || || The [[Statute of Mortmain]] was issued.
|-
| 1287 || || [[Rhys ap Maredudd]] led a revolt against English rule in Wales.
|-
| 1294 || || [[Madog ap Llywelyn]] led a revolt against English rule in Wales.
|-
| 1297 || || ''[[Battle of Stirling Bridge]]'': The [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scots]], led by [[William Wallace]], defeated the English.
|}

== 14th century ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 1305 || || [[William Wallace]] was executed by the English on a charge of treason.
|-
| 1314 || || ''[[Battle of Bannockburn]]'': [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]] won a decisive victory over England.
|-
| 1328 || || The [[Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton]], under which England recognised [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scottish]] independence, was signed.
|-
| 1348 || || The [[Black Death]] arrived in England.
|-
| 1356 || || ''[[Battle of Poitiers (1356)]]'': A battle took place.
|-
| 1381 || || ''[[Peasants' Revolt]]'': A peasants' revolt took place.
|-
| 1392 || || The [[Statute of Praemunire 1392]] was issued.
|}

== 15th century ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 1403 || || ''[[Battle of Shrewsbury]]'': A battle took place.
|-
| 1415 || || ''[[Battle of Agincourt]]'': A battle took place.
|-
| 1485 || || ''[[Battle of Bosworth Field]]'': A battle took place.
|-
| 1487 || || ''[[Battle of Stoke]]'': A battle took place.
|}

== 16th century ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 1513 || || ''[[Battle of Flodden Field]]'': Invading England, King [[James IV of Scotland]] and thousands of rare species like the "Kaare Elkjær" were killed in a defeat at the hands of the English.
|-
| 1521 || || [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]] writings begin to circulate in England.
|-
| 1526 || || [[Lord Chancellor]] [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]] [[Thomas Wolsey]] ordered the burning of [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]] books.
|-
| 1529 || || King [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]] severed ties with the [[Catholic Church]] and declared himself head of the church in England.
|-
| rowspan="2" valign="top" | 1534 || || [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]] issued the [[Act of Supremacy]].
|-
| || [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]] issued the [[Treasons Act 1534]].
|-
| 1535 || || [[Thomas More]] and [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]] [[John Fisher]] were executed.
|-
| rowspan="2" valign="top" | 1536 || || [[William Tyndale]] was executed in [[Antwerp]].
|-
| || [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]] issued the [[Dissolution of the Monasteries]].
|-
| 1549 || || ''[[Prayer Book Rebellion]]'': A rebellion occurred in the southwest.
|-
| 1553 || || The Act Against Sectaries 1553 was issued.
|-
| 1559 || || The [[Act of Supremacy 1559]] was issued.
|-
| rowspan="2" valign="top" | 1571 || || The [[Treasons Act 1571]] was issued.
|-
| || The Act Prohibiting Papal Bulls from Rome 1571 was issued.
|-
| 1588 || 8 August || The [[Spain|Spanish]] [[Spanish Armada|Armada]] was destroyed.
|-
| 1593 || || The Act Against Papists 1593 was issued.
|}

== 17th century ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 1603 || ||[[King James VI]] of Scotland ascends to the English throne, becoming James I of England and uniting the crowns - but not the parliaments - of the two kingdoms
|-
| 1605 || 5 November || ''[[Gunpowder Plot]]'': A plot in which [[Guy Fawkes]] and other [[Catholicism|Catholic]] associates conspired to blow up King [[James VI and I]] and the [[Parliament of England]] was uncovered.
|-
| 1618 || || [[Walter Raleigh]] was executed.
|-
| 1639 || || ''[[Bishops' Wars]]'': A war with [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]] began which would last until 1640.
|-
| 1640 || || ''[[Long Parliament]]'': The [[Parliament of England|Parliament]] was convened.
|-
| 1642 || || ''[[English Civil War]]'': The war began (see [[timeline of the English Civil War]]).
|-
| 1649 ||January || ''[[High Court of Justice for the trial of Charles I|Trial and execution of Charles I]]
|-
| 1649 || || ''[[Interregnum (England)|Interregnum]] began with the First Commonwealth
|-
| 1653 || || ''[[the Protectorate]]'' began under the Lord Protector [[Oliver Cromwell]]
|-
| 1659 || || ''[[Second English Commonwealth|Second Commonwealth]]'' a period of great political instability
|-
| 1660 || || ''[[Restoration (England)|Restoration]] of the monarchy
|-
| rowspan="2" valign="top" | 1666 || 2 September || ''[[Great Fire of London]]'': A fire began in [[London]].
|-
| 6 September || ''Great Fire of London'': The fire ended.
|-
| 1688 || || ''[[Glorious Revolution]]'': A revolution occurred.
|}

== 18th century ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 1701 || || The [[Act of Settlement 1701]], which required the English monarch to be [[Protestantism|Protestant]], was passed.
|-
| rowspan="2" valign="top" | 1704 || 4 August || [[Gibraltar]] was captured by a combined [[Dutch Republic|Dutch]] and English fleet under the command of [[Admiral of the Fleet (Royal Navy)|Admiral of the Fleet]] [[George Rooke]].
|-
| || ''[[Battle of Blenheim]]'': A combined English and [[Dutch Republic|Dutch]] army under the command of [[John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough]] defeated the [[Kingdom of France|French]] army in [[Electorate of Bavaria|Bavaria]].
|-
| 1706 || 22 July || The [[Treaty of Union]] was agreed between representatives of the [[Parliament of England]] and the [[Parliament of Scotland]].
|-
| rowspan="2" valign="top" | 1707 || || The [[Acts of Union 1707]] were passed in the [[Parliament of England]] and [[Parliament of Scotland]], ratifying the [[Treaty of Union]].
|-
| 1 May || The [[Kingdom of Great Britain]] came into being.<ref>[http://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/evolutionofparliament/legislativescrutiny/ Acts of Union 1707] parliament.uk, accessed 13 September 2011</ref><ref>[http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/vli/visitingHolyrood/union_exhibition.pdf Making the Act of Union 1707] scottish.parliament.uk, accessed 13 September 2011</ref><ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/country_profiles/7327029.stm England – Profile] BBC, 13 September 2011</ref><ref>[http://www.history.org.uk/resources/he_resource_730_9.html The Creation of the United Kingdom of great britain in 1707] [[Historical Association]], accessed 13 September 2011</ref>
|-
| 1719 || || ''[[Battle of Glen Shiel]]'': A [[Spain|Spanish]] invasion force and their [[Jacobitism|Jacobite]] allies were defeated.
|-
| 1744 || || An attempted [[Kingdom of France|French]] invasion of southern England was stopped by storms.
|-
| 1755 || || [[Samuel Johnson]] published his ''[[A Dictionary of the English Language]]''.
|-
| 1702 || 8 March || William III died and was succeeded by Anne, Queen of Great Britain.
|-
| 1775 || 19 April || American War of Independence begins.
|-
| 1779 || || The world's first iron bridge was built in [[Shropshire]].
|-
| 1783 || 4 September || American War of Independence ends with Treaty of Paris.
|}

== 19th century ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 1807 || || The [[Slave Trade Act 1807]] was passed.
|-
| 1815 || || ''[[Napoleonic Wars]]'': The Napoleonic Wars ended.
|-
| 1819 || || ''[[Peterloo Massacre]]'': A massacre took place.
|-
| 1825 || || The [[Stockton and Darlington railway]], the world's first public passenger railway, opened.
|-
| 1829 || || The [[Catholic Relief Act 1829]] was passed.
|-
| 1832 || || The [[Great Reform Act]] was passed, doubling the franchise.
|-
| 1834 || || The [[New Poor Law]] was passed.
|-
| rowspan="2" valign="top" | 1838 || || The [[Slavery Abolition Act 1833]] entered into force.
|-
| || The [[Chartism]] movement began.
|-
| 1842 || || The first peacetime income tax was introduced.
|-
| 1846 || || The [[Corn Laws]] were repealed.
|-
| rowspan="2" valign="top" | 1848 || || ''[[The Communist Manifesto]]'' was published.
|-
| || The [[Chartism]] movement ended.
|-
| 1859 || || ''[[On the Origin of Species]]'' was published
|-
| 1863 || || The first underground train went into operation in [[London]].
|-
| 1867 || || The [[1867 Reform Act]] doubled the franchise.
|-
| 1868 || || The last public execution was carried out.
|-
| rowspan="2" valign="top" | 1870 || || The [[Education Act 1870]] was passed, introducing universal education.
|-
| || Religious dissenters and women were first allowed to enter the Universities of [[University of Oxford]] and [[University of Cambridge|Cambridge]].
|-
| 1880 || || The [[Elementary Education Act 1880]] was passed, making primary schooling compulsory and extending it to girls.
|-
| 1884 || || The [[Reform Act 1885]] was passed.
|-
| 1896 || || The ''[[Daily Mail]]'' was first published.
|}

== 20th century ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 1914 ||16th november || ''[[World War I]]'': The war began.
|-
| 1917 || || ''[[Russian Civil War]]'': The war began.
|-
| 1918 || || ''[[World War I]]'': War ended.
|-
| 1922 || || ''[[Russian Civil War]]'': War ended.
|-
| 1936 || || ''[[Jarrow March]]'': A protest march was held.
|-
| 1939 || || ''[[World War II]]'': The war began.
|-
| 1945 || || ''[[World War II]]'': War ended.
|-
| 1948 || || The [[National Health Service (England)|National Health Service]] came into being.
|-
| 1982 || || The ''[[Mary Rose]]'' was raised from the seabed.
|-
| 1994 || || The [[Channel Tunnel]] opened.
|}
{{anchor|3rd millennium}}

== 21st century ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 2004 || || The population of England reached fifty million.
|-
| 2005 || || ''[[7 July 2005 London bombings]]'': A series of co-ordinated terrorist bombings struck [[London|London's]] public transport system during the morning rush hour, killing more than fifty people and injuring hundreds.
|-
| 2012 || || London hosts the Olympic Games for the third time.
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{Citation |publisher = Frederick Warne & Co. |publication-place = London |author = [[George Henry Townsend]] |title = A Manual of Dates |publication-date = 1867 |edition=2nd |chapter= England |chapterurl= http://www.archive.org/stream/manualofdatesdic00townrich#page/371/mode/1up }}
* {{Citation |publisher = Funk & Wagnalls |publication-place = New York |title = Cyclopedia of Classified Dates |author = [http://www.worldcat.org/wcidentities/np-little,%20charles%20eugene$1838%201918 Charles E. Little] |publication-date = 1900 |chapterurl=http://archive.org/stream/cyclopediaofclas00littuoft#page/839/mode/1up |chapter= Great Britain and Ireland }}
* {{Citation |publisher = Ward, Lock & Co. |publication-place = London |title = Haydn's Dictionary of Dates |author = Benjamin Vincent |edition = 25th |publication-date = 1910 |chapter=England |chapterurl=http://www.archive.org/stream/haydnsdictionary00hayd#page/475/mode/1up }}

[[Category:National timelines|English]]
[[Category:History of England| ]]

User talk:87.112.145.79

2014-01-26T11:12:13Z

Renamed user 042531102: Notification: speedy deletion nomination of File talk:Jack Carroll at Salford University.jpg. (TW)

== January 2014 ==
[[Image:Information.svg|left|25px|alt=|link=]] Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. This is a message letting you know that one of your recent edits to [[:Jack Carroll (comedian)]] has been undone by an automated computer program called [[User:ClueBot NG|ClueBot NG]].
{{clear}}
* ClueBot NG makes very few [[User:ClueBot NG#Information About False Positives|mistakes]], but it does happen. If you believe the change you made was constructive, please [[User:ClueBot NG#Information About False Positives|read about it]], [{{User:ClueBot NG/Warnings/FPReport|1669679}} report it here], remove this message from your talk page, and then make the edit again.
* For help, take a look at the [[Wikipedia:Introduction|introduction]].
* The following is the log entry regarding this message: [[Jack Carroll (comedian)]] was [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jack+Carroll+%28comedian%29&diff=592461452&oldid=591521857 changed] by [[Special:Contributions/87.112.145.79|87.112.145.79]] [[User:87.112.145.79|(u)]] [[User talk:87.112.145.79|(t)]] ANN scored at 0.947444 on 2014-01-26T11:05:07+00:00 . Thank you.  [[User:ClueBot NG|ClueBot NG]] ([[User talk:ClueBot NG|talk]]) 11:05, 26 January 2014 (UTC)

<div style=clear: both></div>[[File:Information orange.svg|25px|alt=Information icon]] Please refrain from making nonconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did at [[:Jack Carroll (comedian)]] with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Carroll_(comedian)?diff=592461612 this edit]. Your edits appear to constitute [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalism]] and have been [[Help:Reverting|reverted]] or removed. If you would like to experiment, please use the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]]. [[Wikipedia:Administrators|Administrators]] have the ability to [[WP:BLOCK|block]] users from editing if they repeatedly engage in vandalism. Thank you. ——[[User:MelbourneStar|MelbourneStar]]☆[[User talk:MelbourneStar|''talk'']] 11:08, 26 January 2014 (UTC)

<div style=clear: both></div>[[File:Ambox warning pn.svg|25px|alt=Warning icon]] Please stop your [[Wikipedia:Disruptive editing|disruptive editing]]. If you continue to [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalize]] Wikipedia, as you did to [[:Jack Carroll (comedian)]] with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Carroll_(comedian)?diff=592461826 this edit], you may be [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked from editing]]. ——[[User:MelbourneStar|MelbourneStar]]☆[[User talk:MelbourneStar|''talk'']] 11:10, 26 January 2014 (UTC)

[[File:Stop hand nuvola.svg|30px|alt=|link=]] '''This is your last warning'''. You will be blocked from editing the next time you make a personal attack, as you did with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk%3aMelbourneStar?diff=592461920 this edit] to [[:User talk:MelbourneStar]]. ——[[User:MelbourneStar|MelbourneStar]]☆[[User talk:MelbourneStar|''talk'']] 11:11, 26 January 2014 (UTC)
==[[Wikipedia:Criteria for speedy deletion|Speedy deletion]] nomination of [[:File talk:Jack Carroll at Salford University.jpg]]==
[[File:Information icon4.svg|48px|left|alt=|link=]]
{{Quote box|quote=If this is the first article that you have created, you may want to read [[WP:Your first article|the guide to writing your first article]].You may want to consider using the [[Wikipedia:Article wizard|Article Wizard]] to help you create articles.|width=20%|align=right}}
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. This is a notice that the page you created was tagged as a test page under [[WP:CSD#G2|section G2 of the criteria for speedy deletion]] and has been or soon may be deleted. Please use the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]] for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the [[Wikipedia:Welcome, newcomers|welcome page]] if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia.

If you think this page should not be deleted for this reason, you may '''contest the nomination''' by [[:File talk:Jack Carroll at Salford University.jpg|visiting the page]] and clicking the button labelled "Click here to contest this speedy deletion". This will give you the opportunity to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. However, be aware that once a page is tagged for speedy deletion, it may be removed without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag from the page yourself, but do not hesitate to add information in line with [[Wikipedia:List of policies|Wikipedia's policies and guidelines]]. If the page is deleted, and you wish to retrieve the deleted material for future reference or improvement, you can place a request [[WP:RFUD|here]].  [[User:Blaster0425|blaster]][[User talk:Blaster0425|talk!]] [[Special:Contributions/Blaster0425|see]] 11:12, 26 January 2014 (UTC)

User talk:JacobKahn12

2014-01-26T11:06:47Z

Renamed user 042531102: Notification: speedy deletion nomination of Mark Nelson (actor). (TW)

== Welcome! ==

Hello, JacobKahn12, and [[Project:Introduction|welcome]] to Wikipedia! Thank you for [[Special:Contributions/JacobKahn12|your contributions]]. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Unfortunately, one or more of the pages you created, such as [[Mark Nelson (actor)]], may not conform to some of Wikipedia's [[Wikipedia:List of policies|guidelines]], and may not be retained.

There's a page about creating articles you may want to read called '''[[Wikipedia:Your first article|Your first article]]'''. If you are stuck, and looking for help, please come to the '''[[Wikipedia:Teahouse/Questions|Tea House]]''', where experienced Wikipedians can answer any queries you have! Or, you can just type '''{{tl|help me}}''' on this page, followed by your question, and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Here are a few other good links for newcomers:
* [[Wikipedia:Starting an article|Starting an article]]
* [[Wikipedia:Your first article|Your first article]]
* [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|Biographies of living persons]]
* [[Wikipedia:Article development|How to write a great article]]
* [[Wikipedia:Five pillars|The five pillars of Wikipedia]]
* [[Help:Contents|Help pages]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
I hope you enjoy editing here and being a [[Wikipedia:Wikipedians|Wikipedian]]! Please [[Wikipedia:Signatures|sign your name]] on talk pages using four tildes (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you have any questions, check out [[Wikipedia:Questions]] or ask me on my talk page.  Again, welcome! [[User:Blaster0425|blaster]][[User talk:Blaster0425|talk!]] [[Special:Contributions/Blaster0425|see]] 11:06, 26 January 2014 (UTC)

==[[Wikipedia:Criteria for speedy deletion|Speedy deletion]] nomination of [[:Mark Nelson (actor)]]==
[[Image:Ambox warning pn.svg|48px|left|alt=|link=]]
{{Quote box|quote=If this is the first article that you have created, you may want to read [[WP:Your first article|the guide to writing your first article]].You may want to consider using the [[Wikipedia:Article wizard|Article Wizard]] to help you create articles.|width=20%|align=right}}
A tag has been placed on [[:Mark Nelson (actor)]] requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under [[WP:CSD#A7|section A7 of the criteria for speedy deletion]], because the article appears to be about a person or group of people, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is important or significant: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the [[WP:CSD#Articles|criteria for speedy deletion]], such articles may be deleted at any time. Please read more about [[Wikipedia:Notability (summary)|what is generally accepted as notable]].

If you think this page should not be deleted for this reason, you may '''contest the nomination''' by [[:Mark Nelson (actor)|visiting the page]] and clicking the button labelled "Click here to contest this speedy deletion". This will give you the opportunity to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. However, be aware that once a page is tagged for speedy deletion, it may be removed without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag from the page yourself, but do not hesitate to add information in line with [[Wikipedia:List of policies|Wikipedia's policies and guidelines]]. If the page is deleted, and you wish to retrieve the deleted material for future reference or improvement, you can place a request [[WP:RFUD|here]].   [[User:Blaster0425|blaster]][[User talk:Blaster0425|talk!]] [[Special:Contributions/Blaster0425|see]] 11:06, 26 January 2014 (UTC)

Mark Nelson (actor)

2014-01-26T11:06:42Z

Renamed user 042531102: Requesting speedy deletion (CSD A7). (TW)

{{db-person}}
Mark Nelson is an American actor, director and teacher. He appeared on Broadway in ''The Invention of Love''<ref>http://www.nytimes.com/2001/03/30/movies/theater-review-housman-s-hell-stoppard-s-style.html</ref>, ''After the Fall'' and ''Three Sisters'' at Roundabout Theatre Company, and the original casts of ''A Few Good Men'', ''Rumors'', ''Biloxi Blues'' and ''Amadeus''. For his performance as Einstein in Steve Martin's ''Picasso at the Lapin Agile''<ref>http://variety.com/1995/legit/reviews/picasso-at-the-lapin-agile-3-1200443315/</ref> he received the Obie, Drama League, Carbonell and San Francisco Critics Awards. He recently acted off-Broadway in ''My Name is Asher Lev''<ref>http://www.vulture.com/2012/12/theater-reviews-great-god-pan-my-name-is-asher-lev.html</ref>for which he received a Lortel nomination. Other roles include Shylock in ''The Merchant of Venice'' at The Shakespeare Theater<ref>http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/mark-nelson-is-lone-highlight-in-contrived-merchant-of-venice-at-shakespeare/2011/06/28/AGxoFtpH_story.html</ref>, Uncle Vanya (in Bartlett Sher's production at the Intiman Theatre), Matt in ''Talley's Folly'' (Berkshire Theatre Festival), Bluntschli in ''Arms and the Man'' (Long Wharf Theatre) and two solo pieces: ''I Am My Own Wife''<ref>http://blog.cleveland.com/pdextra/2009/02/plain_dealer_review_of_2005_i.html</ref> by Doug Wright (Carbonell Award) and ''Underneath the Lintel"<ref>http://variety.com/2006/legit/reviews/underneath-the-lintel-1200516056/</ref> by Glen Berger (Connecticut Critics Award). His TV work includes roles on "Unforgettable", “Law & Order” and “Spin City.” He teaches acting at Princeton University<ref>http://www.princeton.edu/arts/arts_at_princeton/theater/professor_bios/</ref> and at New York's HB Studio. He has directed at Manhattan Theatre Club, Drama Dept., McCarter Theatre, George Street Playhouse, and Chautauqua Theatre Company, and is a frequent guest director at the Juilliard School. He graduated from Princeton and then studied acting with Uta Hagen. In 2013 he received a Lunt-Fontanne Fellowship.<ref>http://www.tenchimneys.org/lunt-fontanne-fellowship/revisit-2009-2013/2009-2013-alumni</ref>

Langendorff heart

2014-01-26T10:59:07Z

Renamed user 042531102: Reverted 1 edit by 120.28.127.163 (talk): Not true. (TW)

The '''Langendorff heart''' or '''isolated perfused heart''' assay is a predominant ''[[in vitro]]'' technique used in pharmacological and physiological [[animal testing|research using animals]]. It allows the examination of cardiac [[Contractility|contractile strength]] and [[heart rate]] without the complications of an intact animal.

==Method==
In the Langendorff preparation, the [[heart]] is removed from the animal's body, severing the [[blood vessel]]s; it is then [[Perfusion|perfused]] in a reverse fashion via the [[aorta]], usually with a nutrient rich, oxygenated solution (e.g. [[Krebs–Henseleit solution]] or [[Tyrode's solution]]). The backwards pressure causes the [[aortic valve]] to shut, forcing the solution into the coronary vessels, which normally supply the heart tissue with blood. This feeds nutrients and oxygen to the cardiac muscle, allowing it to continue beating for several hours after its removal from the animal. This is a useful preparation because it allows the addition of drugs (via the perfusate) and observation of their effect on the heart without the complications involved with ''in vivo'' experimentation, such as neuronal and hormonal effects from living animal.<ref>The Langendorff heart preparation—Reappraisal of its role as a research and teaching model for coronary vasoactive drugs, K.J. Broadley, Journal of Pharmacological Methods</ref>

==See also==
*[[Oskar Langendorff]]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Animal testing]]

{{biology-stub}}
{{circulatory-stub}}

User talk:141.163.66.132

2014-01-26T10:54:43Z

Renamed user 042531102: Caution: Unconstructive editing on County Kerry. (TW)

{{sharedipedu|[[University of Plymouth]]}}
{{schoolblock}}

== February 2010 ==
[[Image:Stop hand nuvola.svg|30px]] This is the '''only warning''' you will receive for your disruptive edits. You will be [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked]] from editing the next time you [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalize]] a page, as you did with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eamonn_Holmes?diff=345461748 this edit] to [[:Eamonn Holmes]].  [[User:Zhang He|Zhang He]] ([[User talk:Zhang He|talk]]) 17:45, 21 February 2010 (UTC)

<div style="padding:5px; border:1px solid #c0c090; background-color:#FCC;" class="user-block"> [[Image:Dialog-stop-hand.svg|60px|left]] You have been [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked]] from editing for 31 hours in accordance with [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|Wikipedia's blocking policy]] as a result of your repeated [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|abuse of editing privileges]]. Once the block has expired, you are welcome to make constructive contributions. If you believe this block is unjustified you may contest this block by replying here on your '''[[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|talk page]]''' by adding the text <nowiki>{{</nowiki>unblock|''your reason here''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> . [[User:Kuru|Kuru]] [[User talk:Kuru|''(talk)'']] 17:53, 21 February 2010 (UTC)</div> 

==March 2010==
[[File:Information.svg|25px]] Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia{{#if:Computer vision|, as you did to [[:Computer vision]]}}. Your edits appear to constitute [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalism]] and have been [[Help:Reverting|reverted]]. If you would like to experiment, please use the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]]. Thank you. [[User:Salvio giuliano|You can call me Salvio]] ([[User talk:Salvio giuliano|talk]]) 14:58, 27 March 2010 (UTC)

== November 2010 ==
[[Image:Information.svg|left|25px]] Welcome to Wikipedia. Everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, but at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to [[:Apple Bottoms]], did not appear to be constructive and has been '''automatically [[Help:Reverting|reverted]]''' by [[User:ClueBot NG|ClueBot NG]].
* Please use [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|the sandbox]] for any test edits you would like to make, and take a look at the [[Wikipedia:Introduction|welcome page]] to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Note that human editors do monitor recent changes to Wikipedia articles, and [[WP:ADMINS|administrators]] have the ability to [[WP:BLOCK|block]] users from editing if they repeatedly engage in [[WP:vandalism|vandalism]].
* ClueBot NG produces very few [[false positives]], but it does happen. If you believe the change you made should not have been detected as unconstructive, please [[User:ClueBot NG/B|report it here]], remove this warning from your talk page, and then make the edit again.
* The following is the log entry regarding this warning: [[Apple Bottoms]] was [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Apple+Bottoms&diff=395522073&oldid=394328378 changed] by [[Special:Contributions/141.163.66.132|141.163.66.132]] [[User:141.163.66.132|(u)]] [[User talk:141.163.66.132|(t)]] ANN scored at 1 on 2010-11-08T10:40:33+00:00 . Thank you.  [[User:ClueBot NG|ClueBot NG]] ([[User talk:ClueBot NG|talk]]) 10:40, 8 November 2010 (UTC)

[[Image:Information.png|25px|alt=|link=]] Welcome to Wikipedia. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMV_Group?diff=399547784 recent edit] you made to [[:HMV Group]] has been reverted, as it appears to be unconstructive. Use the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]] for testing; if you believe the edit was constructive, ensure that you provide an informative [[Help:Edit summary|edit summary]]. You may also wish to read the [[Wikipedia:Introduction|introduction to editing]]. Thank you.  [[User:Alansohn|Alansohn]] ([[User talk:Alansohn|talk]]) 17:32, 29 November 2010 (UTC)

== February 2011 ==
[[Image:Stop hand nuvola.svg|30px|alt=|link=]] This is your '''last warning'''; the next time you [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalize]] Wikipedia, as you did at [[:Rich Uncle Pennybags]], you may be '''[[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked]] from editing without further notice'''.  [[User:AV3000|AV3000]] ([[User talk:AV3000|talk]]) 15:24, 1 February 2011 (UTC)
:''If this is a shared [[IP address]], and you didn't make the edit, consider [[Wikipedia:Why create an account?|creating an account]] for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.''

[[Image:Stop hand nuvola.svg|30px|alt=|link=]] This is your '''last warning'''; the next time you [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalize]] Wikipedia, as you did at [[:Zhang Ziyi]], you may be '''[[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked]] from editing without further notice'''.  [[User:Nlu|Nlu]] ([[User talk:Nlu|talk]]) 16:32, 6 February 2011 (UTC)
:''If this is a shared [[IP address]], and you didn't make the edit, consider [[Wikipedia:Why create an account?|creating an account]] for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.''

== March 2011 ==
[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] Welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to contribute to Wikipedia, at least one of [[Special:Contributions/141.163.66.132|your recent edits]], such as the one you made to [[:Israel Defense Forces]], did not appear to be constructive and has been [[Help:Reverting|reverted]] or removed. Please use [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|the sandbox]] for any test edits you would like to make, and read the [[Wikipedia:Welcoming committee/Welcome to Wikipedia|welcome page]] to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. The reverted edit can be found [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=418218708 here]. Thank you. [[User:e2eamon|E♴]][[User talk:e2eamon|(talk)]] 00:42, 11 March 2011 (UTC)

[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] Welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to contribute to Wikipedia, at least one of [[Special:Contributions/141.163.66.132|your recent edits]], such as the one you made to [[:Peter Lorre]], did not appear to be constructive and has been [[Help:Reverting|reverted]] or removed. Please use [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|the sandbox]] for any test edits you would like to make, and read the [[Wikipedia:Welcoming committee/Welcome to Wikipedia|welcome page]] to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. The reverted edit can be found [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=418976511 here]. Thank you. [[User:Some jerk on the Internet|--some jerk on the Internet]] [[User talk:Some jerk on the Internet|(talk)]] 16:54, 15 March 2011 (UTC)

[[File:Nuvola apps important.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] Please stop your [[Wikipedia:Disruptive editing|disruptive editing]]. If you continue to [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalize]] Wikipedia, as you did at [[:Economy of Denmark]], you may be [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked from editing]].  [[User:Saddhiyama|Saddhiyama]] ([[User talk:Saddhiyama|talk]]) 14:25, 24 March 2011 (UTC)
:''If this is a shared [[IP address]], and you didn't make any [[Wikipedia:vandalism|unconstructive]] edits, consider [[Wikipedia:Why create an account?|creating an account]] for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant warnings.''

== May 2011 ==
[[File:Nuvola apps important.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] Please stop your [[Wikipedia:Disruptive editing|disruptive editing]]. If you continue to [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalize]] Wikipedia, as you did at [[:The Destroyer (fiction)]], you may be [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked from editing]].  [[User:kongr43gpen|kongr43gpen]][[User talk:kongr43gpen|Talk]] 12:52, 1 May 2011 (UTC)
:''If this is a shared [[IP address]], and you didn't make the edit, consider [[Wikipedia:Why create an account?|creating an account]] for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.''

[[Image:Stop hand nuvola.svg|30px|alt=|link=]] This is your '''last warning'''; the next time you [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalize]] Wikipedia, as you did at [[:Antichrist]], you may be '''[[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked]] from editing without further notice'''.  [[User:Ian.thomson|Ian.thomson]] ([[User talk:Ian.thomson|talk]]) 16:39, 9 May 2011 (UTC)

== October 2011 ==

[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to contribute to Wikipedia, at least one of [[Special:Contributions/141.163.66.132|your recent edits]], such as the one you made to [[:Education]], did not appear to be constructive and has been [[Help:Reverting|reverted]] or removed. Please use [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|the sandbox]] for any test edits you would like to make, and read the [[Wikipedia:Welcoming committee/Welcome to Wikipedia|welcome page]] to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. Thank you. [[User:Yunshui|Yunshui]] ([[User talk:Yunshui|talk]]) 09:18, 19 October 2011 (UTC)

== December 2011 ==
[[Image:Information.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] Welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to contribute constructively to the encyclopedia, adding or significantly changing content without [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|citing]] a [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|reliable source]]{{#if:Devlin (rapper)|, as you did with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devlin_(rapper)?diff=464422867 this edit] to [[:Devlin (rapper)]],}} is not consistent with our policy of [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]]. Take a look at the [[Wikipedia:Introduction|welcome page]] to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. If you are familiar with [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]], please take this opportunity to add references to the article. {{z105}} [[User:RandomAct|RandomAct]][[User talk:RandomAct|(talk to me)]] 18:02, 6 December 2011 (UTC)

== January 2012 ==
<div style=clear: both></div>[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to contribute to Wikipedia, at least one of [[Special:Contributions/141.163.66.132|your recent edits]], such as the one you made to [[:Doron Perkins]] with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doron_Perkins?diff=471372843 this edit], did not appear to be constructive, and has been [[Help:Reverting|reverted]] or removed. Please use [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|the sandbox]] for any test edits you would like to make, and read the [[Wikipedia:Welcoming committee/Welcome to Wikipedia|welcome page]] to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. Thank you. [[User:Soliloquial|Soliloquial]][[User talk:Soliloquial|talk]] 19:49, 14 January 2012 (UTC)

== May 2012 ==
[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did at [[:Global Positioning System]]. Your edits appear to constitute [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalism]] and have been [[Help:Reverting|reverted]] or removed. If you would like to experiment, please use the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]]. Thank you. [[User:Noq|noq]] ([[User talk:Noq|talk]]) 12:55, 8 May 2012 (UTC)

== November 2012 ==
[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] Hello, I'm [[User:Pinethicket|Pinethicket]]. I wanted to let you know that I undid one or more of [[Special:Contributions/141.163.66.132|your recent contributions]] to [[:Macrophage]] because it didn't appear constructive. If you think I made a mistake, or if you have any questions, you can leave me a message on [[User_talk:Pinethicket|my talk page]]. Thanks! [[User:Pinethicket|Pinethicket]] ([[User talk:Pinethicket|talk]]) 11:11, 1 November 2012 (UTC)
:''If this is a [[closed proxy|shared IP address]], and you didn't make the edit, consider [[Wikipedia:Why create an account?|creating an account]] for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.''

[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] Hello, I'm [[User:Widr|Widr]]. I wanted to let you know that I undid one of [[Special:Contributions/141.163.66.132|your recent contributions]], such as the one you made to [[:Jacques Lecoq]], because it didn’t appear constructive to me. If you think I made a mistake, or if you have any questions, you can leave me a message on [[User_talk:Widr|my talk page]]. Thanks, [[User:Widr|Widr]] ([[User talk:Widr|talk]]) 19:57, 20 November 2012 (UTC)

== December 2012 ==
[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] Hello, I'm [[User:SummerPhD|SummerPhD]]. I wanted to let you know that I undid one or more of [[Special:Contributions/141.163.66.132|your recent contributions]] to [[:Phillip Schofield]] because it didn't appear constructive. If you think I made a mistake, or if you have any questions, you can leave me a message on [[User_talk:SummerPhD|my talk page]]. Thanks! [[User:SummerPhD|SummerPhD]] ([[User talk:SummerPhD|talk]]) 13:15, 3 December 2012 (UTC)
:''If this is a [[Network address translation|shared IP address]], and you didn't make the edit, consider [[Wikipedia:Why create an account?|creating an account]] for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.''

[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did at [[:French people]]. Your edits appear to constitute [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalism]] and have been [[Help:Reverting|reverted]] or removed. If you would like to experiment, please use the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]]. Thank you. [[User:Denisarona|Denisarona]] ([[User talk:Denisarona|talk]]) 13:44, 3 December 2012 (UTC)

== February 2013 ==
[[Image:Information.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] Thank you for your contributions to [[:Basil Brush]], but we are trying to [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia is an encyclopedia|write an encyclopedia]] here, so please keep your edits [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|factual]] and [[Wikipedia:Neutral point of view|neutral]]. Our readers are looking for serious articles and will not find joke edits amusing. Remember that Wikipedia is a widely used reference tool, so we have to take what we do here seriously. If you'd like to experiment with editing, use the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]] to get started. Thank you. [[User:Pseudomonas|Pseudomonas]]([[User talk:Pseudomonas|talk]]) 17:43, 27 February 2013 (UTC)
:''If this is a [[Network address translation|shared IP address]], and you did not make the edit, consider [[Wikipedia:Why create an account?|creating an account]] for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.''
== April 2013 ==
[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=|link=]] Hello, I'm [[User:Fraggle81|Fraggle81]]. I wanted to let you know that I undid one or more of [[Special:Contributions/141.163.66.132|your recent contributions]] to [[:Oceanography]] because it didn't appear constructive. If you think I made a mistake, or if you have any questions, you can leave me a message on [[User_talk:Fraggle81|my talk page]].  [[User:Fraggle81|Fraggle81]] ([[User talk:Fraggle81|talk]]) 15:00, 11 April 2013 (UTC)
:''If this is a [[Network address translation|shared IP address]], and you did not make the edit, consider [[Wikipedia:Why create an account?|creating an account]] for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.''

== May 2013 ==
[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=Information icon]] Hello, I'm [[User:Hmrox|Hmrox]]. I wanted to let you know that I undid one of [[Special:Contributions/141.163.66.132|your recent contributions]], such as the one you made with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isle_of_Wight?diff=554619992 this edit] to [[:Isle of Wight]], because it didn’t appear constructive to me. If you think I made a mistake, or if you have any questions, you can leave me a message on [[User_talk:Hmrox|my talk page]]. Thanks, [[User:Hmrox|Hmrox]] ([[User talk:Hmrox|talk]]) 17:56, 11 May 2013 (UTC)

<div style=clear: both></div>[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=Information icon]] Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did at [[:New Milton]] with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Milton?diff=554620420 this edit]. Your edits appear to constitute [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalism]] and have been [[Help:Reverting|reverted]] or removed. If you would like to experiment, please use the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]]. Thank you. [[User:Hmrox|Hmrox]] ([[User talk:Hmrox|talk]]) 18:00, 11 May 2013 (UTC)

<div style=clear: both></div>[[File:Ambox warning pn.svg|25px|alt=Warning icon]] Please stop your [[Wikipedia:Disruptive editing|disruptive editing]]. If you continue to [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalize]] Wikipedia, as you did to [[:New Milton]] with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Milton?diff=554620516 this edit], you may be [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked from editing]]. [[User:Hmrox|Hmrox]] ([[User talk:Hmrox|talk]]) 18:00, 11 May 2013 (UTC)

== June 2013 ==
[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=Information icon]] Hello, I'm [[User:Tentinator|Tentinator]]. I wanted to let you know that I undid one or more of [[Special:Contributions/141.163.66.132|your recent contributions]] to [[:Brummie]] because it did not appear constructive. If you think I made a mistake, or if you have any questions, you can leave me a message on [[User_talk:Tentinator|my talk page]].   [[User:Tentinator|'''Tentinator''']]  10:52, 28 June 2013 (UTC)
:''If this is a [[Network address translation|shared IP address]], and you did not make the edits, consider [[Wikipedia:Why create an account?|creating an account]] for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.''

== August 2013 ==
[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=Information icon]] Hello, I'm [[User:Razorflame|Razorflame]]. I wanted to let you know that I undid one of [[Special:Contributions/141.163.66.132|your recent contributions]], such as the one you made with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal_matrix_composite?diff=567465802 this edit] to [[:Metal matrix composite]], because it didn’t appear constructive to me. If you think I made a mistake, or if you have any questions, you can leave me a message on [[User_talk:Razorflame|my talk page]]. Thanks. [[User:Razorflame|Razor]][[User talk:Razorflame|flame]] 23:25, 6 August 2013 (UTC)

== September 2013 ==
[[File:Information.svg|25px|alt=Information icon]] Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did at [[:Plague (disease)]]. Your edits appear to constitute [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalism]] and have been [[Help:Reverting|reverted]] or removed. If you would like to experiment, please use the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]]. [[WP:ADMINS|Administrators]] have the ability to [[WP:BLOCK|block]] users from editing if they repeatedly engage in [[WP:vandalism|vandalism]]. Thank you. [[User:Ginsuloft|Ginsuloft]] ([[User talk:Ginsuloft|talk]]) 15:06, 24 September 2013 (UTC)

<div style=clear: both></div>[[File:Ambox warning pn.svg|25px|alt=Warning icon]] Please stop your [[Wikipedia:Disruptive editing|disruptive editing]]. If you continue to [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalize]] Wikipedia, as you did to [[:Syrian-Egyptic Gnosticism]] with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrian-Egyptic_Gnosticism?diff=574331473 this edit], you may be [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked from editing]]. ... [[User:discospinster|'''disco''''''''spinster''''']] [[User talk:discospinster|'''talk''']] 15:13, 24 September 2013 (UTC)

[[File:Stop hand nuvola.svg|30px]] '''This is your last warning'''. You may be '''blocked from editing without further warning''' the next time you vandalize a page, as you did with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purananuru?diff=574332168 this edit] to [[:Purananuru]].  ... [[User:discospinster|'''disco''''''''spinster''''']] [[User talk:discospinster|'''talk''']] 15:19, 24 September 2013 (UTC)
{{anonblock}} ... [[User:discospinster|'''disco''''''''spinster''''']] [[User talk:discospinster|'''talk''']] 15:23, 24 September 2013 (UTC)

== October 2013 ==
[[Image:Stop hand nuvola.svg|30px|alt=Stop icon]] This is your '''only warning'''; if you [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalize]] Wikipedia again, as you did at [[:Bristol Harbour]], you may be '''[[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked from editing]] without further notice'''.  [[User:Andy Dingley|Andy Dingley]] ([[User talk:Andy Dingley|talk]]) 14:25, 20 October 2013 (UTC)
:''If this is a [[Network address translation|shared IP address]], and you did not make the edits, consider [[Wikipedia:Why create an account?|creating an account]] for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.''

{{schoolblock}}

== November 2013 ==
[[File:Nuvola apps important.svg|25px|alt=Warning icon]] Please stop your [[Wikipedia:Disruptive editing|disruptive editing]]. If you continue to [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalize]] Wikipedia, as you did at [[:Trichomonas vaginalis]], you may be [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked from editing]].  ''LOL!'' [[User:Super48paul|Super48paul]] ([[User talk:Super48paul|talk]]) 12:19, 6 November 2013 (UTC)
:''If this is a [[Network address translation|shared IP address]], and you did not make the edits, consider [[Wikipedia:Why create an account?|creating an account]] for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.''

[[Image:Stop hand nuvola.svg|30px|alt=Stop icon]] This is your '''last warning'''. The next time you [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalize]] Wikipedia, as you did at [[:RAID]], you may be '''[[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked from editing]] without further notice'''.  '''[[User:Pratyya Ghosh|Pratyya]]''' [[User_talk:Pratyya Ghosh|'''(Hello!)''']] 13:19, 18 November 2013 (UTC)
:''If this is a [[Network address translation|shared IP address]], and you did not make the edits, consider [[Wikipedia:Why create an account?|creating an account]] for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.''

== January 2014 ==
[[File:Information orange.svg|25px|alt=Information icon]] Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did at [[:County Kerry]]. Your edits appear to constitute [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalism]] and have been [[Help:Reverting|reverted]] or removed. If you would like to experiment, please use the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]]. [[Wikipedia:Administrators|Administrators]] can [[WP:BLOCK|block]] users from editing if they repeatedly vandalize. Thank you. [[User:Blaster0425|blaster]][[User talk:Blaster0425|talk!]] [[Special:Contributions/Blaster0425|see]] 10:54, 26 January 2014 (UTC)
:''If this is a [[Network address translation|shared IP address]], and you did not make the edits, consider [[Wikipedia:Why create an account?|creating an account]] for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.''

County Kerry

2014-01-26T10:53:50Z

Renamed user 042531102: Reverted 1 edit by 141.163.66.132 (talk) to last revision by Ciarrai38. (TW)

{{Other uses|Kerry (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name = County Kerry
|other_name = {{Pad top italic|Contae Chiarraí}}
|image_shield = Kerrycocologo.svg
|motto = ''Comhar, Cabhair, Cairdeas''{{spaces|2}}([[Irish language|Irish]]) "Co-operation, Help, Friendship"
|image_map = {{#property:p242}}
|map_caption = Location in Ireland
|coordinates_display = inline,title
|coordinates_type = dim:500000_region:IE
|latd = 52
|latm = 10
|lats =
|latNS = N
|longd = 9
|longm = 45
|longs =
|longEW = W
|area_total_km2 = 4746
|area_rank = ([[List of Irish counties by area|5th]])
|seat_type = [[County town]]
|seat = [[Tralee]]
|government_type = [[Kerry County Council|County Council]]
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Ireland|Province]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Munster]]
|leader_title = [[Dáil Éireann]]
|leader_name = [[Kerry North–West Limerick (Dáil Éireann constituency)|Kerry North–West Limerick]] [[Kerry South (Dáil Éireann constituency)|Kerry South]]
|leader_title1 = [[European Parliament]]
|leader_name1 = [[South (European Parliament constituency)|South]]
|blank_name_sec1 = [[Vehicle registration plates of Ireland|Code]]
|blank_info_sec1 = {{#property:p395}}
|population = 145502
|population_rank =  ([[List of Irish counties by population|14th]])
|population_as_of = 2011
|website = {{URL|http://www.kerrycoco.ie}}
}}
'''County Kerry''' ({{lang-gle|Contae Chiarraí}}) is a [[Counties of Ireland|county]] in [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]. It is located in the [[South-West Region, Ireland|South-West Region]] and is also part of the [[Provinces of Ireland|province]] of [[Munster]]. It is named after the pre-Gaelic tribe who lived in part of the present county. [[Kerry County Council]] is the [[Local government in the Republic of Ireland|local authority]] for the county and [[Tralee]] serves as the county town. The population of the county is 145,502 according to the 2011 census.

==Geography and political subdivisions==
Kerry is the 5th largest of the 32 counties of Ireland by area and the 13th largest by population.<ref>{{cite book| first=Eoghan| last=Corry| title=The GAA Book of Lists| publisher=Hodder Headline Ireland| year=2005| id= | pages=186–191}}</ref> Uniquely, it is bordered by only two other counties: [[County Limerick]] to the east and [[County Cork]] to the south-east. The [[county town]] is [[Tralee]]. The diocesan see is [[Killarney]], which is one of Ireland's most famous tourist destinations. The [[Lakes of Killarney]], an area of outstanding natural beauty are located in [[Killarney National Park]]. The tip of the [[Dingle Peninsula]] is the most westerly point of Ireland.

===Baronies===
There are nine historic [[Barony (Ireland)|baronies]] in the county. While baronies continue to be officially defined units, they are no longer used for many administrative purposes. Their official status is illustrated by Placenames Orders made since 2003, where official Irish names of baronies are listed under "Administrative units".
[[File:Dingle North West (stevefe) 2.jpg|380px|thumbnail|The Three Sisters, West Kerry.]]
* [[Barony of Clanmaurice|Clanmaurice]] – ''{{lang|ga|Clann Mhuiris}}''
* [[Dingle Peninsula|Corkaguiny]] – ''{{lang|ga|Corca Dhuibhne}}''
* Dunkerron North – ''{{lang|ga|Dún Ciaráin Thuaidh}}''
* Dunkerron South – ''{{lang|ga|Dún Ciaráin Theas}}''
* Glanarought – ''{{lang|ga|Gleann na Ruachtaí}}''
* Iraghticonnor – ''{{lang|ga|Oireacht Uí Chonchúir}}''
* [[Iveragh|Iveragh Peninsula]] – ''{{lang|ga|Uíbh Ráthach}}''
* Magunihy – ''{{lang|ga|Maigh gCoinchinn}}''
* [[Trughanacmy]] – ''{{lang|ga|Triúcha an Aicme}}''

===Towns and villages===
{{div col|cols=3}}
*[[Abbeydorney]] – ''{{lang|ga|Mainistir Ó dTorna}}''
*[[Annascaul]] – ''{{lang|ga|Abhainn an Scáil}}''
*[[Ardfert]] – ''{{lang|ga|Ard Fhearta}}''
*[[Ballinskelligs]] – ''{{lang|ga|Baile an Sceilg}}''
*[[Ballybunion]] – ''{{lang|ga|Baile an Bhuinneánaigh}}''
*[[Ballyduff, County Kerry|Ballyduff]] – ''{{lang|ga|An Baile Dubh}}''
*[[Ballyferriter|Baile an Fheirtéaraigh]] – ''{{lang|ga|Baile an Fheirtéaraigh}}''
*[[Ballyheigue]] – ''{{lang|ga|Baile Uí Thaidhg}}''
*[[Ballylongford]] – ''{{lang|ga|Béal Átha Longfoirt}}''
*[[Ballymacelligott]] – ''{{lang|ga|Baile Mhic Eileagóid}}''
*[[Blennerville]] – ''{{lang|ga|Cathair Uí Mhóráin}}''
*[[Brosna, County Kerry|Brosna]] – ''{{lang|ga|Brosnach}}''
*[[Caherdaniel]] – ''{{lang|ga|Cathair Dónall}}''
*[[Cahersiveen]] – ''{{lang|ga|Cathair Saidhbhín}}''
*[[Camp, County Kerry|Camp]] – ''{{lang|ga|An Com}}''
*[[Castlecove]] – ''{{lang|ga|An Siopa Dubh}}''
*[[Castlegregory]] – ''{{lang|ga|Caisleán Ghriaire}}''
*[[Castleisland]] – ''{{lang|ga|Oileán Ciarraí}}''
*[[Castlemaine, County Kerry|Castlemaine]] – ''{{lang|ga|Caisleán na Mainge}}''
*[[Causeway, County Kerry|Causeway]] – ''{{lang|ga|An Tóchar}}''
*[[Cordal]] – ''{{lang|ga|Cordal}}''
*[[Currans]] – ''{{lang|ga|Na Coirríní}}''
*[[Currow]] – ''{{lang|ga|Corra}}''
*[[Derrymore, County Kerry|Derrymore]] – ''{{lang|ga|Doire Mór}}''
*[[Derrynane]] – ''{{lang|ga|Doire Fhíonáin}}''
*[[Dingle]] – ''{{lang|ga|An Daingean}}''
*[[Duagh]] – ''{{lang|ga|Dubháth}}''
*[[Dunquin|Dún Chaoin]] – ''{{lang|ga|Dún Chaoin}}''
*[[Farranfore]] – ''{{lang|ga|An Fearann Fuar}}''
*[[Fenit]] – ''{{lang|ga|An Fhianait}}''
*[[Feothanach]] – ''{{lang|ga|An Fheothanach}}''
*[[Finuge]] – ''{{lang|ga|Fionnúig}}''
*[[Glenbeigh]] – ''{{lang|ga|Gleann Beithe}}''
*[[Gneeveguilla]] – ''{{lang|ga|Gníomh go Leith}}''
*[[Kenmare]] – ''{{lang|ga|Neidín}}''
*[[Kilcummin]] – ''{{lang|ga|Cill Chuimín}}''
*[[Kilflynn]] – ''{{lang|ga|Cill Flainn}}''
*[[Kilgarvan]] – ''{{lang|ga|Cill Gharbháin}}''
*[[Killarney]] – ''{{lang|ga|Cill Airne}}''
*[[Killorglin]] – ''{{lang|ga|Cill Orglan}}''
*[[Kilmoyley]] – ''{{lang|ga|Cill Mhaoile}}''
*[[Knightstown, County Kerry|Knightstown]] – ''{{lang|ga|Baile an Ridire}}''
*[[Knocknagoshel]] – ''{{lang|ga|Cnoc na gCaiseal}}''
*[[Lispole]] – ''{{lang|ga|Lios Póil}}''
*[[Lisselton]] – ''{{lang|ga|Lios Eiltín}}''
*[[Listowel]] – ''{{lang|ga|Lios Tuathail}}''
*[[Lixnaw]] – ''{{lang|ga|Leic Snámha}}''
*[[Lyracrumpane]] – ''{{lang|ga|Ladhar an Chrompáin}}''
*[[Milltown, County Kerry|Milltown]] – ''{{lang|ga|Baile an Mhuilinn}}''
*[[Moyvane]] – ''{{lang|ga|Maigh Mheáin}}''
*[[Portmagee]] – ''{{lang|ga|An Caladh}}''
*[[Rathmore, County Kerry|Rathmore]] – ''{{lang|ga|An Ráth Mhór}}''
*[[Scartaglen]] – ''{{lang|ga|Scairteach an Ghlinne}}''
*[[Sneem]] – ''{{lang|ga|An tSnaidhm}}''
*[[Tarbert, County Kerry|Tarbert]] – ''{{lang|ga|Tairbeart}}''
*[[Tralee]] – ''{{lang|ga|Trá Lí}}''
*[[Tuosist]] – ''{{lang|ga|Tuath Ó Siosta}}''
*[[Valentia Island]] – ''{{lang|ga|Dairbhre}}''
*[[Ventry]] – ''{{lang|ga|Ceann Trá}}''
*[[Waterville, County Kerry|Waterville]] – ''{{lang|ga|An Coireán}}''
{{div col end}}

====Townlands====
{{main list|List of townlands of County Kerry}}
* [[Coolgarriv]] – ''{{lang|ga|An Chúil Gharbh}}''
* [[Aghadoe]] – ''{{lang|ga|Achadh Deo}}''

====Other Areas====
* [[Ard na Caithne]] (formerly known as ''Smerwick'')
* [[Sliabh Luachra]] (border region of Kerry, [[County Cork]] and [[County Limerick]] known for [[Folk music of Ireland|Irish traditional music]])
* [[Corca Dhuibhne]] ([[Gaeltacht]] region on the [[Dingle Peninsula]])
* [[Bounard]]

===Physical geography===
[[Image:Dingle peninsula panorama crop.jpg|thumb|700px|center|Dingle Peninsula]]
Kerry faces the [[Atlantic Ocean]] and, typically for an Eastern-Atlantic coastal region, features many [[peninsulas]] and inlets, principally the [[Dingle Peninsula]], the [[Iveragh Peninsula]], and the [[Beara Peninsula]]. The county is bounded on the west by the [[Atlantic Ocean]] and on the north by the [[River Shannon]]. Kerry is one of the most mountainous regions of Ireland and contains two of its three highest mountains, [[Carrauntoohil]], part of the [[Macgillycuddy's Reeks]] range, and [[Mount Brandon]], part of the Slieve Mish range. Just off the coast are a number of islands, including the [[Blasket Islands]], [[Valentia Island]] and the [[Skellig Islands|Skelligs]]. [[Skellig Michael]] is a [[World Heritage Site]], famous for the [[medieval]] [[monastery]] clinging to the island's cliffs. The county contains the [[Extreme points of Ireland|extreme west point]] of Ireland, [[Dunmore Head]] on the Dingle Peninsula, or including islands, [[Tearaght Island]], part of the Blaskets. The most westerly inhabited area of Ireland is [[Dún Chaoin]], on the Dingle Peninsula. The [[River Feale]], the [[River Laune]] and the [[Roughty River]] flow through Kerry, into the Atlantic.

===Climate===
* The [[North Atlantic Current]], part of the [[Gulf Stream]], flows north by Kerry and the west coast of Ireland, resulting in milder temperatures than would otherwise be expected at the 52 North [[latitude]]. This means that [[subtropical]] plants such as the [[Arbutus unedo|strawberry tree]] and [[tree fern]]s, not normally found in Northern Europe, thrive in the area.
* Because of the mountainous area and the prevailing south-westerly winds, Kerry is among the regions with the highest [[rainfall]] in Ireland. Due to its location, the area is the site of a weather reporting station on Valentia for many centuries. The Irish record for one-day rain-fall is {{convert|243.5|mm|in|abbr=on}}, recorded at Cloore Lake, in Kerry in 1993.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.met.ie/climate/rainfall.asp |title=Rainfall – Climate – Met Éireann – The Irish Meteorological Service Online |publisher=Met.ie |date= |accessdate=2012-05-23}}</ref>
* In 1986, the remnants of [[Hurricane Charley (1986)|Hurricane Charley]] crossed over Kerry as an [[extratropical storm]] causing extensive rainfall, flooding and damage.

==History==
{{Historical populations
|state=collapsed
|1600|4566
|1610|8755
|1653|12172
|1659|8390
|1821|216185
|1831|263126
|1841|293880
|1851|238254
|1861|201800
|1871|196586
|1881|201039
|1891|179136
|1901|165726
|1911|159691
|1926|149171
|1936|139834
|1946|133893
|1951|126644
|1956|122072
|1961|116458
|1966|112785
|1971|112772
|1979|120356
|1981|122770
|1986|124159
|1991|121894
|1996|126130
|2002|132527
|2006|139835
|2011|145502
||footnote=<ref>[http://www.cso.ie/census Census for post 1821 figures]. For 1653 and 1659 figures from Civil Survey Census of those years, Paper of Mr Hardinge to Royal Irish Academy March 14, 1865.t For a discussion on the accuracy of pre-famine census returns see JJ Lee, "On the accuracy of the Pre-famine Irish censuses Irish Population, Economy and Society" edited by JM Goldstrom and LA Clarkson (1981) p.54, and also "New Developments in Irish Population History, 1700–1850" by Joel Mokyr and Cormac O Grada in ''The Economic History Review'', New Series, Vol. 37, No. 4 (Nov., 1984), pp. 473–488.</ref>
}}

Kerry ({{lang-ga|Ciarraí}} or more anciently ''Ciarraighe'') means the "people of Ciar" which was the name of the pre-Gaelic tribe who lived in part of the present county. The legendary founder of the tribe was [[Ciar]], son of [[Fergus mac Róich]].<ref name=barrington>T J Barrington, ''Discovering Kerry, its History Heritage and toponymy'', Dublin, 1976</ref> In [[Old Irish]] "Ciar" meant black or dark brown, and the word continues in use in modern Irish as an adjective describing a dark complexion.<ref>''Gearrfhoclóir Gaeilge-Béarla'', Dublin, 1981</ref> The suffix ''raighe'', meaning ''people/tribe'', is found in various ''-ry'' place names in Ireland, such as ''Osry''—''Osraighe'' ''Deer-People/Tribe''. The county's nickname is ''the Kingdom''.<ref>{{cite web|author=Mary Tossell |url=http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~irlker/history.html |title=History, Geography, Facts about County Kerry |publisher=Rootsweb.ancestry.com |date= |accessdate=2012-05-23}}</ref>

===Lordship of Ireland===
On August 27, 1329, by [[Letters Patent]], [[Maurice FitzGerald, 1st Earl of Desmond]] was confirmed in the feudal seniority of the entire [[county palatine]] of Kerry, to him and his heirs male, to hold of the Crown by the service of one knight's fee. In the 15th century, the majority of the area now known as County Kerry was still part of the [[County Desmond]], the west Munster seat of the [[Earl of Desmond]], a branch of the [[Hiberno-Norman]] [[FitzGerald dynasty]], known as the [[Geraldines]].

===Kingdom of Ireland===
[[File:Gallarus Oratory.JPG|220px|thumbnail|Gallarus Oratory near Dingle, which dates back to the 6th century.]]
[[File:Skellig Michael.png|220px|thumbnail|Little Skellig, as seen from Skellig Michael.]]
In 1580, during the [[Second Desmond Rebellion]], one of the most infamous massacres of the Sixteenth century, the [[Siege of Smerwick]], took place at Dún an Óir near [[Ard na Caithne]] (Smerwick) at the tip of the [[Dingle Peninsula]]. The 600-strong Italian, Spanish and Irish [[Second Desmond Rebellion#1579 invasion|papal invasion force]] of [[James Fitzmaurice Fitzgerald]] was besieged by the English forces and massacred.

In 1588 when the fleet of the [[Spanish Armada in Ireland]] were returning to [[Spain]] during stormy weather, many of their ships sought shelter at the [[Blasket Islands]] and some were wrecked.

During the [[Nine Years War (Ireland)|Nine Years War]], Kerry was again the scene of conflict, as the O'Sullivan Beare clan joined the rebellion. In 1602, their castle at [[Dunboy Castle|Dunboy]] was [[Siege of Dunboy|besieged and taken]] by English troops. [[Donal Cam O'Sullivan Beare|Donal O'Sullivan]] Beare, in an effort to escape English retribution and to reach his allies in [[Ulster]], marched all the clan's members and dependents to the north of Ireland. Due to harassment by hostile forces and the freezing weather, very few of the 1,000 O'Sullivans who set out reached their destination.

In the aftermath of the War, much of the native owned land in Kerry was confiscated and given to English settlers or 'planters'. The head of the [[MacCarthy Mor]] family, [[Florence MacCarthy]] was imprisoned in London and his lands were divided between his relatives and colonists from England, such as the Browne family.

In the 1640s, Kerry was engulfed by the [[Irish Rebellion of 1641]], an attempt by Irish Catholics to take power in the Protestant [[Kingdom of Ireland]]. The rebellion in Kerry was led by [[Donagh McCarthy, 1st Viscount Muskerry]]. McCarthy held the county during the subsequent [[Irish Confederate Wars]] and his forces were some of the last to surrender to the [[Cromwellian conquest of Ireland]] in 1652. The last stronghold to fall was [[Ross Castle]], near Killarney.

===United Kingdom===
In the 17th and 18th centuries, Kerry became increasingly populated by poor tenant farmers, who came to rely on the [[potato]] as their main food source. As a result, when the potato crop failed in 1845, Kerry was very hard hit by the [[Great Irish Famine]] of 1845–49. In the wake of the famine, many thousands of poor farmers emigrated to seek a better life in America and elsewhere. Kerry was to remain a source of emigration until recent times. Another long term consequence of the famine was the [[Land War]] of the 1870s and 1880s, in which tenant farmers agitated, sometimes violently for better terms from their landlords.

===Wars of Independence===
[[File:RossCastleAndLoughLeane.jpg|220px|thumbnail|Ross Castle and Lough Leane, Killarney National Park.]]
In the 20th century, Kerry was one of the counties most affected by the [[Irish War of Independence]] (1919–21) and [[Irish Civil War]] (1922–23). In the war of Independence, the [[Irish Republican Army]] fought a guerrilla war against the [[Royal Irish Constabulary]], and British military. One of the more prominent incidents in the conflict in Kerry, were the "siege of Tralee" in November 1920. when the [[Black and Tans]] placed [[Tralee]] under curfew for a week, burned many homes and shot dead a number of local people in retaliation for the IRA killing of five local policemen the night before. Another was the [[Headford Ambush|Headford Junction ambush]] in spring 1921, when IRA units ambushed a train carrying British soldiers outside Killarney. About ten British soldiers, three civilians and two IRA men were killed in the ensuing gun battle. Violence between the IRA and the British was ended in July 1921, but nine men, four British soldiers and five IRA men, were killed in a shootout in Castleisland on the day of the truce itself, indicating the bitterness of the conflict in Kerry.

Following the [[Anglo-Irish Treaty]], most of the Kerry IRA units opposed the settlement. One exception existed in [[Listowel]] where a pro-Treaty garrison was established by local Flying Column commandant Thomas Kennelly in February 1922. This unit consisted of 200 regular soldiers along with officers and NCOs. A batch of rifles, machine guns and a [[Crosley Tender]] were sent from Dublin. Listowel would remain a base for those supporting the treaty throughout the conflict.<ref>Listowel and its Vicinity. Anthony Gaughan. 1973.</ref> The town was eventually overcome by superior numbers of anti-Treaty forces belonging to the Kerry No. 2 and 3 Brigades in June 1922. In the ensuing civil war between pro- and anti-treaty elements, Kerry was perhaps the worst affected area of Ireland. Initially the county was held by the [[Anti-Treaty IRA]] but it was taken for the [[Irish Free State]] after [[Irish Free State offensive|seaborne landings]] by National Army troops at [[Fenit]], [[Tarbert]] and [[Kenmare]] in August 1922. Thereafter the county saw a bitter guerrilla war between men who had been comrades only a year previously. The republicans, or "irregulars", mounted a number of successful actions, for example attacking and briefly re-taking [[Kenmare]] in September 1922. In March 1923, Kerry saw a series of [[Executions during the Irish Civil War|massacres]] of republican prisoners by [[Irish Army|National Army]] soldiers in reprisal for the ambush of their men—the most notorious being the killing of eight men with mines at Ballyseedy, near Tralee. The internecine conflict was brought to an end in May 1923 as the rule of law was re-established following the death of IRA Chief of Staff Liam Lynch, and the order by Frank Aiken to dump all arms.

==Local government==
===County council===
{{Main|Kerry County Council}}
The principal local authority is Kerry County Council. The council provides a number of services including planning, roads maintenance, fire brigade, council housing, water supply, waste collection, recycling and landfill, higher education grants and funding for arts and culture.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kerrycoco.ie/en/allservices/ |title=All Services |publisher=Kerry County Council |accessdate=11 February 2011}}</ref>

===Town councils===
An additional tier of local government exists in the three largest towns in the county, [[Killarney]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.killarney.ie/government.php |title=Killarney Town Council |accessdate=20 February 2011}}</ref> [[Listowel]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.listowel.ie/ataglance.htm |title=At a Glance |publisher=Listowel Town Council}}</ref> and [[Tralee]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.traleetc.ie/ |title=Tralee Town Council |accessdate=20 February 2011}}</ref>

Elections to the town councils are held at the same time as those to the county council. Following the 2009 elections, the party strengths on each council is as follows:<ref>{{cite news |title=Elections 2009 – How Ireland Voted |work=[[The Irish Times]] |pages=29–30 |date=9 June 2009}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;"
|-
!colspan=2|Party
!Killarney
!Listowel
!Tralee
|-
! style="background-color: {{Fine Gael/meta/color}}" |
|[[Fine Gael]]
|align="right"|1
|align="right"|4
|align="right"|3
|-
! style="background-color: {{Fianna Fáil/meta/color}}" |
|[[Fianna Fáil]]
|align="right"| 2
|align="right"|3
|align="right"|3
|-
! style="background-color: {{Labour Party (Ireland)/meta/color}}" |
|[[Labour Party (Ireland)|Labour Party]]
|align="right"| 2
|align="right"|0
|align="right"|3
|-
! style="background-color: {{Sinn Féin/meta/color}}" |
|[[Sinn Féin]]
|align="right"| 0
|align="right"|2
|align="right"|2
|-
! style="background-color: {{South Kerry Independent Alliance/meta/color}}" |
|[[South Kerry Independent Alliance|SKIA]]
|align="right"| 1
|align="right"|0
|align="right"|0
|-
! style="background-color: {{Independent (politician)/meta/color}}" |
|[[Independent (politician)|Independent]]s
|align="right"| 3
|align="right"| 0
|align="right"|1
|-
|colspan=2| '''Total seats'''
|align="right"| '''9'''
| style="text-align:right;"| '''9'''
| style="text-align:right;"| '''12'''
|}

==Parliamentary representation==
Kerry is represented in [[Dáil Éireann]] by six [[Teachta Dála|TD]]s returned from two parliamentary constituencies. Following boundary changes in 2011, County Kerry, along with western parts of [[County Limerick]], returns six TDs to the Dáil. Each of the following constituencies returns three deputies to the Dáil: [[Kerry North–West Limerick (Dáil Éireann constituency)|Kerry North–West Limerick]] and [[Kerry South (Dáil Éireann constituency)|Kerry South]]. The TDs elected to the [[Members of the 31st Dáil|31st Dáil Éireann]] at the [[Irish general election, 2011|2011 general election]] were:

'''Kerry North–West Limerick''':
* [[Jimmy Deenihan]] ([[Fine Gael]])
* [[Martin Ferris]] ([[Sinn Féin]])
* [[Arthur Spring]] ([[Labour Party (Ireland)|Labour Party]])
'''Kerry South''':
* [[Brendan Griffin (Kerry politician)|Brendan Griffin]] ([[Fine Gael]])
* [[Tom Fleming (Irish politician)|Tom Fleming]] ([[Independent (politician)|Independent]])
* [[Michael Healy-Rae]] ([[Independent (politician)|Independent]])

==Culture==
As a region on the extremity of Ireland, culture of Kerry was less susceptible to outside influences and is associated with the [[Irish language]], [[Folk music of Ireland|Irish traditional music]], song and dance. Corca Dhuibhne and Uíbh Ráthach are considered [[Gaeltacht]] regions.

==Sport==
[[File:Kerry Gaelic Football memorial - geograph.org.uk - 487502.jpg|220px|thumbnail|Kerry Gaelic Football memorial in Tralee.]]
===Gaelic football===
Kerry is known for its [[Kerry GAA|senior Gaelic football team]]. Gaelic football is the dominant sport in the county, and Kerry has the most successful of all football teams; the Kerry footballers have won the [[Sam Maguire Cup|Sam Maguire]] cup 36 times, with the next nearest team [[Dublin GAA|Dublin]] on 24 wins.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gaa.ie/page/roll_of_honour.html |title=Roll of Honour |accessdate=2008-09-26 |author= |date= |work= |publisher=Cumann Lúthcleas Geal}}</ref> [[Hurling]] is popular at club level in north Kerry, although the county has only won one [[All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship]], in 1891. The senior team currently compete in the [[Christy Ring Cup]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gaainfo.com/hurling.php?co=kerry |title=Kerry GAA – Hurling – Clubs and Information |accessdate=2008-09-26 |author= |date= |work= |publisher=gaainfo.com}}</ref>

===Soccer===
The [[Kerry District League]] is the main competition for soccer clubs in the county. [[Tralee Dynamos]] have represented Kerry in the [[A Championship]], while they and [[Killarney Celtic]] also competed in the [[Munster Senior League (association football)|Munster Senior League]] during the late 1990s and early 2000's.

===Cricket===
A move to further the growth of [[cricket]] in the county was underway following [[Ireland cricket team|Ireland's]] performance at the [[2011 Cricket World Cup]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sportsnewsireland.com/other_sports/17114/|title=Cricket coming to Kerry|publisher=www.sportsnewsireland.com|accessdate=11 April 2011}}</ref>

==Irish language==

There are 6,083 Irish language speakers in County Kerry, with 4,978 native speakers within the Kerry Gaeltacht. This doesn't count the 1,105 attending the four [[Gaelscoil]]s (Irish language primary schools) and two [[Gaelcholáiste]] (Irish language secondary schools) outside the Kerry Gaeltacht.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gaelscoileanna.ie/assets/Staitistic%C3%AD-2010-2011_Gaeilge.pdf|title=Oideachas Trí Mheán na Gaeilge in Éirinn sa Ghalltacht 2010–2011|date=2011|publisher=gaelscoileanna.ie|language=Irish|accessdate=9 January 2012}}</ref>

==Places of Interest==
[[Image:Panorama from Torc Mountain (2) - geograph.org.uk - 777017.jpg|300px|thumb|[[Lakes of Killarney]]]]
Kerry, with its mountains, lakes and Atlantic coastline is among the most scenic areas in Ireland and is among the most significant tourist destinations in Ireland. Killarney is the centre of the tourism industry, which is a significant element of the economy in Kerry. The [[Kerry Way]], [[Dingle Way]] and [[Beara Way]] are walking routes in the county. The [[Ring of Kerry]] on the [[Iveragh Peninsula]] is a popular route for tourists and cyclists. The pedestrian version is the scenic [[Kerry Way]] which follows ancient paths generally higher than that adopted by the Ring of Kerry.

Attractions:
{{div col|cols=2}}
*[[Blasket Islands]]
*[[Blennerville Windmill]]
*[[Carrauntoohil]]
*[[Ardfert|Ecclesiastical sites at Ardfert]]
*[[Eightercua]]
*[[Fenit Harbour]]
*[[Gallarus Oratory]]
*[[Kerry County Museum]]
*[[Lakes of Killarney]]
*[[Mount Brandon]]
*[[Muckross House]]
*[[Ballyduff, County Kerry|Rattoo Round Tower]] and [[Sheela na Gig]]
*[[Ring of Kerry]]
*[[Ross Castle]]
*[[Scotia's Grave]]
*[[Siamsa Tire]]
*[[Skellig Michael]]
*[[Uragh Stone Circle]]
{{div col end}}

==Media==
County Kerry has three local newspapers, ''[[The Kerryman]]'' and ''[[Kerry's Eye|The Kerry's Eye]]'', published in Tralee, and ''[[Kingdom (newspaper)|The Kingdom]]'', published in Killarney.

The county has a commercial radio station, [[Radio Kerry]], which commenced operations in 1990. [[RTÉ Raidió na Gaeltachta]] has a studio in [[Ballynagall|Baile na nGall]] in the West Kerry [[gaeltacht]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rte.ie/rnag/labhair_linn.html |title=Labhair Linn |publisher=[[RTÉ Raidió na Gaeltachta]] |accessdate=19 December 2010}}</ref>

==Infrastructure==
===Road===
The main [[National Primary Route]]s into Kerry are the [[N21 road]] from Limerick and the [[N22 road]] from [[Cork (city)|Cork]] each terminating in Tralee. The [[N23 road]] from Castleisland to Farranfore also connects these roads. Within Kerry, the well-known [[Ring of Kerry]] follows the [[N70 road (Ireland)|N70 road]], a [[National Secondary Route]] which circles the Iveragh Peninsula and links at Kenmare with the [[N71 road]] to [[County Cork|west Cork]]. [[Bus Eireann]] operates an extensive bus service network on routes throughout the county with connection hubs in Killarney and Tralee.
Also in County Kerry, the N86 road connects Tralee with Dingle, from Dingle you can take the R559 ring road to reach Sybil Point, which is one of the most westernly fringes of County Kerry and indeed the south of Ireland.
Kerry airport is situated on the N22 in Farranfore just south of Tralee and north of Killarney.

===Rail===
Kerry is served by [[Rail transport in Ireland|rail]] at Tralee, Farranfore, Killarney and Rathmore which connect to Cork and [[Dublin]], via [[Mallow, County Cork|Mallow]].

Branch line services existed to each of the peninsula (Beara, Iveragh and Dingle) and also to the north of the county. They were closed during the [[History of rail transport in Ireland#Rationalisation|rationalisations]] of the 1950s and 1960s.
* Dingle via Tralee: a narrow-gauge railway, closed in July 1953.
* Kenmare via Headford Junction: (8 miles outside Killarney), closed in February 1960.
* Valentia via Farranfore: (the ''Gleesk Viaduct'' near Kellsis still exists), also closed in February 1960.
* Listowel were served via the North-Kerry line, which extended from Tralee to Limerick. Passenger service ceased in 1963, freight in 1983 and the lines were pulled up in 1988.
* Fenit was served via a branch off the North-Kerry line, the rails are still in place.

Listowel to Ballybunion had the distinction of operating experimental [[Lartigue Monorail]] services from 1882 to 1924. A 500m section was re-established in 2003. A road-car route, the ''Prince of Wales Route'', was a link from [[Bantry]] to Killarney, operated by the [[Cork, Bandon and South Coast Railway]] as a service for tourists.

===Air===
[[Kerry Airport]] is located at Farranfore in the centre of the county and has operated scheduled services since 1989. Destinations served as of 2010 are Dublin, [[London]] ([[London Stansted Airport|Stansted]] & [[London Luton Airport|Luton]]), [[Frankfurt-Hahn Airport]], [[Faro, Portugal]] and [[Alicante]] all operated by [[Ryanair]]. [[Aer Arann]] also operate an all year round service to [[Dublin]].{{Citation needed|date=April 2010}}

===Sea===
[[Fenit]] harbour near Tralee is a regional harbour capable of handling ships of up to 17,000 tonnes. Large container cranes from [[Liebherr]]s in Killarney are regularly exported worldwide. A rail-link to the port was closed in the 1970s. The harbour at [[Dingle]] is one of Ireland's secondary fishing ports{{Citation needed|date=June 2011}}. In the north of the county, a ferry service operates from Tarbert, to Killimer in [[County Clare]].

===Hospitals===
{{See also|List of hospitals in the Republic of Ireland}}
'''Hospitals in Kerry''' include the public [[Kerry General Hospital]] in Tralee with 377 beds and a wide range of services including general surgery, general medicine and maternity, the private Bon Secours Hospital in Tralee and community hospitals in Cahirciveen, Dingle, Kenmare, Killarney and Listowel.

==Septs, Families & Titles==
A number of Irish [[surnames]] are derived from septs who hail from the Kerry area, such as [[Falvey]], [[Foley (surname)|Foley]], [[McCarthy (surname)|McCarthy]], [[Murphy]], [[O'Connor]], [[Moriarty (disambiguation)|O'Moriarty]], [[Clifford (disambiguation)|Clifford]], [[Kennelly (disambiguation)|Kennelly]], [[McGrath (disambiguation)|McGrath]], [[O'Carroll]], [[O'Sullivan]], [[O'Connell (name)|O'Connell]], [[O'Donoghue]], [[O'Shea]], [[Quill (surname)|Quill]], [[Scannell]], [[Stack (disambiguation)|Stack]], [[Sugrue]] and [[Tangney]].

The area was also home to the [[Hiberno-Norman]] families, the [[FitzMaurice]]s and the [[County Desmond|Desmonds]], a branch of the [[FitzGerald dynasty|FitzGeralds]].

Titles in the British [[Peerage of Ireland]] with a family seat in Kerry are
*the [[Knight of Kerry]] – a branch of Fitzgeralds who had lands at Valentia Island
*the [[Earl of Kenmare]] (also ''[[Viscount Castlerosse]], [[Viscount Kenmare]] and [[Baron Castlerosse]]'') – the descendants of [[Sir Valentine Browne]] who was awarded lands in Killarney
*the [[Earl of Desmond]] – the Fitzgeralds of Desmond who had lands in North Kerry until they were seized at the end of the Desmond Rebellions
*the [[Marquess of Lansdowne]] (also ''[[Earl of Shelburne]], [[Baron Dunkeron]]'') – the descendants of [[William Petty|Sir William Petty]] who was awarded lands in Kenmare and elsewhere
*the [[Earl of Kerry]] (also ''[[Baron Kerry]], [[Viscount Clanmaurice]]'') – the Fitzmaurice family
*the [[Earl of Listowel]] – the Hare family
*the [[Baron Ventry]] – the Mullins family who had lands in the Dingle Peninsula, including Ventry

[[Viscount Valentia]] appears to have been associated with lands in [[County Armagh]], rather than Kerry.

==People==
{{multicol}}
Associated People:
*[[Roger Casement]]
*[[Michael Fassbender]]
*[[Wolfe Tone]]
*[[Richard Wall]]

Historical:
*[[Thomas Ashe]]
*[[Tom Crean (explorer)|Tom Crean]]
*[[Con Cremin]]
*[[Horatio Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|Horatio Kitchener]]
*[[Jennifer Musa]]
*[[Daniel O'Connell]]
*[[Charlie Daly (Irish republican)|Charlie Daly]]
{{multicol-break}}

Literary & Musical:
*[[Jessie Buckley]]
*[[Julia Clifford]]
*[[Jerome Connor]]
*[[Canon James Goodman]]
*[[John B. Keane]]
*[[Brendan Kennelly]]
*[[Denis Murphy (Irish musician)|Denis Murphy]]
*[[Thomas MacGreevy]]
*[[Tomás Ó Criomhthain]]
*[[Padraig O'Keeffe]]
*[[Muiris Ó Súilleabháin]]
*[[Peig Sayers]]
*[[Larry Mathews (musician)|Larry Mathews]]
{{multicol-break}}

Political:
*[[Martin Ferris]]
*[[Jackie Healy-Rae]]
*[[Joe Higgins]]
*[[Dick Spring]]

Fashion:
*[[Don O'Neill, Fashion Designer|Don O'Neill]]

Sport:
*[[Bryan Cooper (jockey)|Bryan Cooper]], jockey
*[[Colm Cooper]]
*[[Mick Doyle (rugby player)|Mick Doyle]]
*[[Maurice Fitzgerald (footballer)|Maurice Fitzgerald]]
*[[Paul Galvin (Gaelic footballer)|Paul Galvin]]
*[[Tadhg Kennelly]]
*[[Mick O'Connell]]
*[[Pat Spillane]]
{{multicol-break}}

Film/Stage/Radio:
*[[Eamon Kelly (actor)|Eamon Kelly]]
*[[Fodhla Cronin O'Reilly]]

{{multicol-end}}

==See also==
*[[High Sheriff of Kerry]]
*[[List of abbeys and priories in the Republic of Ireland#County Kerry|List of abbeys and priories in the Republic of Ireland (County Kerry)]]
*[[Lord Lieutenant of Kerry]]
*[[Regional accents of English#Ireland|Regional accents of English]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons|County Kerry}}
{{Wikisource1911Enc|Kerry}}
{{wikivoyage}}
* [http://www.gaelscoileanna.ie/assets/Staitistic%C3%AD-2010-2011_Gaeilge.pdf Gaelscoil stats]
* [http://www.ahg.gov.ie/ie/Straiteis20BliaindonGhaeilge/Foilseachain/Staid%C3%A9ar%20Cuimsitheach%20Teangeola%C3%ADoch%20ar%20%C3%9As%C3%A1id%20na%20Gaeilge%20sa%20Ghaeltacht%20%28achoimre%29.pdf Gaeltacht Comprehensive Language Study 2007]

{{County Kerry}}
{{Counties of Ireland}}



[[Category:County Kerry| ]]
[[Category:Munster|Kerry]]
[[Category:Counties of the Republic of Ireland|Kerry]]
[[Category:Local administrative units of the Republic of Ireland|Kerry]]

Wikipedia talk:Don't-give-a-fuckism

2014-01-26T09:45:50Z

Renamed user 042531102: /* G10: Attack page deletion */ new section

{{Not a forum}}
{{Talk header|search=yes}}
{{Essaysort|importance=top}}
{{Department of Fun}}
{{Old AfD multi
| date = January 14, 2007
| result = '''Speedy Keep'''
| link = http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Miscellany_for_deletion/Wikipedia:Don't-give-a-fuckism
| date2 = September 5, 2008
| result2 = '''Speedy Keep'''
| link2 = http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Miscellany_for_deletion/Wikipedia:Don't-give-a-fuckism_(second_nomination)
| date3 = August 31, 2010
| result3 = '''[[WP:SNOW|Snowball]] Keep'''
| link3 = http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Miscellany_for_deletion/Wikipedia:Don't-give-a-fuckism_(3rd_nomination)
| date4 = September 25, 2010
| result4 = '''Keep'''
| link4 = http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Miscellany_for_deletion/Wikipedia:Don't-give-a-fuckism_(4th_nomination)
| numbered = yes
|collapse = 3
}}
{{autoarchivingnotice|age=30|bot=MiszaBot II|small=yes}}
{{archive box|auto=yes}}

==Locked down==
I've locked it down (full-protect from move and edits) till there is some resolution on the talk page. Discuss away. If any admin feels there is a resolution and I'm not around, feel free to unprotect. [[User:Casliber|Casliber]] ([[User talk:Casliber|talk]] '''·''' [[Special:Contributions/Casliber|contribs]]) 02:02, 23 August 2011 (UTC)
:I think it's safe to unprotect it. —[[User:Locke Cole|Locke Cole]] • [[User talk:Locke Cole|t]] • [[Special:Contributions/Locke Cole|c]] 06:46, 28 August 2011 (UTC)
::Having said that, maybe it's best to leave it this way, there's always [[WP:RM]] if someone wants to talk about moving the page in the future. —[[User:Locke Cole|Locke Cole]] • [[User talk:Locke Cole|t]] • [[Special:Contributions/Locke Cole|c]] 06:50, 28 August 2011 (UTC)

==We should be able to write explicit language in school==
I think it would be awesome if I could use words like "fuck, dumbass, etc." in school essays. Writing essays fucking sucks, so why not make it a little less stressful by being able to write how you truly feel on the topic. Cause come on, half the school essays students write are just suck-up bullshit. If I could write freely without having to worry about statements like "this is inappropriate" made by teachers, I would be so happy.

:Not sure where you're from because you didn't sign your post (getting a username would help too), but where I come from schools are in a marketplace. They compete for students. They need to convince parents that they will give children a good education. They have to convince ALL parents of this, so they have to target the most conservative. Doing so won't generally offend more open minded, but allowing swearing, etc. will offend those conservative folk. So, the target is the conservative end of behaviour.
:Another perspective is that it's good for you to learn to write for all possible audiences, including those who don't like swearing. [[User:HiLo48|HiLo48]] ([[User talk:HiLo48|talk]]) 02:34, 28 August 2011 (UTC)

== Humour tag removed ==

I see that it was previously removed, but restored because "the inclusion of the humor tag would be a stong indication that editors should not take it too seriously unless they really understand the true context". I disagree. The humour tag would indicate the page is ''considered'' to be humour and not meant to be serious, when this is a very serious opinion indeed. Please revert and discuss if needed. Thanks. [[User:Wctaiwan|wctaiwan]] ([[User talk:Wctaiwan|talk]]) 12:45, 2 October 2011 (UTC)
:I think you're not thinking about this the right way. Think what others will think when they think they understand this page, and just think of how strange they'll think it is if they don't think that this page is humorous. I think it's best that we let others know, and think, that this page makes its point through humor, otherwise they'll think we literally think what the page says, and I don't think that would be a great idea. Someone would think that we're crazy, and they'd think that best way to deal with this is at [[WP:MFD]]. The humor tag protects us Don't-give-a-fuckers from having to think up counterarguments to such thoughts, which is good because we might not be bothered to. Cheers. [[User:Lifebaka|''lifebaka'']][[User talk:Lifebaka|'''++''']] 15:11, 2 October 2011 (UTC)
::Alright. I don't completely agree, but this looks like a contentious issue and I don't think it's worth everyone's time to argue over it. Thanks for the reply. [[User:Wctaiwan|wctaiwan]] ([[User talk:Wctaiwan|talk]]) 03:39, 3 October 2011 (UTC)

== Pruning #Variations ==

I removed a (rather graphic) variation, the only Google hits for which were derivatives of this page. I also removed an explanation of the literal meaning since I feel it doesn't really aid in the understanding of the philosophy. Again, please revert and discuss if desired. [[User:Wctaiwan|wctaiwan]] ([[User talk:Wctaiwan|talk]]) 12:56, 2 October 2011 (UTC)

:*Before you ever remove contents again, please read: 1.) [[WP:What Wikipedia is not#Wikipedia is not censored|Wikipedia is NOT CENSORED]] and 2.) [[WP:Consensus#Consensus-building in talk pages|Talk but don't revert]]. Do this again and you will be reported to the Admins. --[[User:Dave1185|Dave]] [[User talk:Dave1185#top|♠♣♥♦™№1185©♪♫®]] 13:59, 2 October 2011 (UTC)
::*Well that's a bit excessive, Dave. I'm pretty sure enough of us admins watchlist this page already. I get that we have people trying to get rid of the naughty words in this page fairly often, but that's no reason to be so [[WP:CIVIL|abrupt]]. Cheers. [[User:Lifebaka|''lifebaka'']][[User talk:Lifebaka|'''++''']] 17:50, 2 October 2011 (UTC)
::*Don't forget to [[WP:BRD]], [[WP:AGF]], and [[WP:DGAF]] (ironic, hm?). →[[User:Σ|Σ]][[User talk:Σ|τ]][[Special:Contributions/Σ|c]]. 03:06, 3 October 2011 (UTC)
::*I know that Wikipedia is not censored. However, as you can see [http://www.google.com.tw/search?q=%22two+squirts+of+hot+steamy+piss%22 here], the phrase "don't give two squirts of hot steamy piss" is not widely used. This means that it's probably offensive ''without being useful in aiding the reader's understanding'' (since most people wouldn't find the phrase more familiar than "don't give a fuck"), which makes me think it is unnecessary.
:::Similarly, the explanation about feces does not aid the understanding of the concept, aside from being a rather questionable interpretation.* As such, including it does not strengthen the explanation of the concept, but rather weakens it by drowning it out in other things.
:::*There are many variations of the phrase: "don't give a fuck", "don't give a damn", "don't give a fiddler's fart", etc., and in most cases it's not something people would possess, which leads me to believe that the "shit" is probably just a generic expletive and not something specific. But obviously I'm no linguist.
:::Lastly, I object to your treatment of my actions. I was aware people may not like my changes, so I took it as far as explaining them on the talk page and inviting reverts. You reverted, that's great, but please don't assume I was doing it to be disruptive. I would like a brief apology from you for that, if you would recognise that you overreacted.
:::I would appreciate further discussion on my removals with the more specific rationales in mind. If there is consensus that they are appropriate, I think they should be reinstated. [[User:Wctaiwan|wctaiwan]] ([[User talk:Wctaiwan|talk]]) 03:36, 3 October 2011 (UTC)
::::*The timeline of event tells another story, you were being unilateral and that's an undeniable fact for all to see so don't be going around telling others that you didn't. If you're not sure, ASK! (See → [[WP:Questions]].) --[[User:Dave1185|Dave]] [[User talk:Dave1185#top|♠♣♥♦™№1185©♪♫®]] 08:11, 3 October 2011 (UTC)
:::::I'm not going to pursue this argument about my behaviour further. However I'd still like people to look at my rationales and see whether the changes have merits or should be reinstated. [[User:Wctaiwan|wctaiwan]] ([[User talk:Wctaiwan|talk]]) 10:12, 3 October 2011 (UTC)
::::::Replying to the content changes themselves, I'm pretty sure no one will give two squirts of hot, steamy piss if "two squirts of hot steamy piss" is removed. It's just not a big deal either way. I'd feel better if we included another example of some sort of excrement for us to not give any of, but that's only because of comedy's rule of three (things are funnier in groups of three), so it's also not a big deal either way, especially since I can't think of a good one.
::::::As for the rest, I can't help but relating the removal of the content with the removal of the humor tag (noted a section above). I'm assuming that you sort of want this page to be a bit more serious than it is, rather than straight humor, correct? I'm not sure that this page is the best place to seriously deal with a Buddhist-inspired editing philosophy. The humor here meshes well with the title. If we want to turn this into a serious page, rather than a silly one with serious intent, we really ought to talk about it first, and decide how much of the humor we keep, whether or not we move the page to a more descriptive title ([[Wikipedia:WikiBuddhism]], for instance), or whether or not we create another page to be the serious version of this. I'd prefer either the first of third option (editing here or creation of another page), but only because Don't-give-a-fuckism is a great name and I'd hate to have it as only a redirect. Cheers. [[User:Lifebaka|''lifebaka'']][[User talk:Lifebaka|'''++''']] 13:13, 3 October 2011 (UTC)
:::::::In this light, you're probably right. I came to the page and didn't find anything too funny about it (and well, the lead did say it's not a joke :P). It seems like what I saw as being crass for the sake of it is actually intended as humour—which is fine, humour is individual, and if others find it funny, so be it. This certainly explains the <nowiki>{{humor}}</nowiki> tag for me. I have no further comments, then. Thanks for the reply. [[User:Wctaiwan|wctaiwan]] ([[User talk:Wctaiwan|talk]]) 13:32, 3 October 2011 (UTC)

== Carl Sagan reference ==

How does Carl Sagan's reflections on our "Pale Blue Dot" relate to "Don't-give-a-fuckism"? [[Special:Contributions/213.246.91.158|213.246.91.158]] ([[User talk:213.246.91.158|talk]]) 03:59, 14 November 2012 (UTC)

:I think the idea is that one tiny issue on one tiny planet can't be all that significant in the overall scheme of things. [[User:HiLo48|HiLo48]] ([[User talk:HiLo48|talk]]) 04:26, 14 November 2012 (UTC)

::Ah, okay. Reading Sagan's reflections reminded me of the thought that as our little blue dot is so small and fragile, we'd better take better care of it and ourselves -- in other words, anything but "don't-give-a-fuckism". The last line of the quote is: "To me, it underscores our responsibility to deal more kindly with one another and to preserve and cherish the pale blue dot, the only home we've ever known." [[Special:Contributions/213.246.91.158|213.246.91.158]] ([[User talk:213.246.91.158|talk]]) 15:30, 14 November 2012 (UTC)

== Proposal ==
The article seems to be about Wikipedians "chilling out" a little more and not getting unduly wound up about issues. But this doesn't quite chime with the current title which implies a rather negative "stuff you" attitude. So why don't we retitle the article something like "Wikipedia:Chill out" which is a) a better sentiment b) closer to the spirit of the article c) shorter and d) avoids profanity which could be offensive to some and rather undermines Wikipedia's attempt to be taken seriously. Just my 2 cents. --[[User:Bermicourt|Bermicourt]] ([[User talk:Bermicourt|talk]]) 08:47, 22 December 2012 (UTC)

* No, it's not about "fuck you" at all; it's about not giving a fuck. Whatever title you use it will be offensive to some. Personally I would be offended by the blandness of "chill out", and probably wouldn't bother reading the article. There are other appropriate phrases widely used in the buddhist [[vajrayana]], such as CCL (couldn't care less) and DGAS (don't give a shit), To be effective, this stuff needs some energy and punch behind it, which is no way captured by the 60's drug culture term "chill out". --[[User:Epipelagic|Epipelagic]] ([[User talk:Epipelagic|talk]]) 09:22, 22 December 2012 (UTC)
* No, its just shock value and is the most direspectful and unprofessional essay I have ever seen here, It's use could well be disruptive and considered uncivil. I recommend and support a name change.--[[User:Amadscientist|Amadscientist]] ([[User talk:Amadscientist|talk]]) 08:33, 25 February 2013 (UTC)
== Requested move ==
<div class="boilerplate" style="background-color: #efe; margin: 2em 0 0 0; padding: 0 10px 0 10px; border: 1px dotted #aaa;">
:''The following discussion is an archived discussion of a [[WP:requested moves|requested move]]. '''Please do not modify it.''' Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a [[Wikipedia:move review|move review]]. No further edits should be made to this section. ''

The result of the move request was: '''[[WP:SNOW]] close'''. No policy-based reason given for moving the page. [[User:Scottywong|‑Scottywong]][[User talk:Scottywong|| yak _]] 00:50, 27 February 2013 (UTC)

----

[[:Wikipedia:Don't-give-a-fuckism]] → {{no redirect|WP:Apathy}} – Restore user friendly title after vicious move [[Special:Contributions/174.252.34.34|174.252.34.34]] ([[User talk:174.252.34.34|talk]]) 09:44, 25 February 2013 (UTC)
:While I support the move in principle, this request is simply not based on policy. User friendly is not per policy. Is there a policy based reasoning that can be discussed?--[[User:Amadscientist|Amadscientist]] ([[User talk:Amadscientist|talk]]) 10:41, 25 February 2013 (UTC)

* This essay has nothing to do with "apathy". --[[User:Epipelagic|Epipelagic]] ([[User talk:Epipelagic|talk]]) 11:59, 25 February 2013 (UTC)
*Uhm...[[Apathy]] (also called impassivity or perfunctoriness) is a state of indifference, or the suppression of emotions such as concern, excitement, motivation and passion. An apathetic individual has an absence of interest in or concern about emotional, social, spiritual, philosophical and/or physical life.

:Soooooo, yes...it does. But in a less than civil manner.

:A side note. The editor that submitted this request will be unable to respond for two days during their current block.--[[User:Amadscientist|Amadscientist]] ([[User talk:Amadscientist|talk]]) 12:07, 25 February 2013 (UTC)

::You radically misunderstand the essay. Try reading it again and reflecting on it. --[[User:Epipelagic|Epipelagic]] ([[User talk:Epipelagic|talk]]) 13:30, 25 February 2013 (UTC)
:::You may wish to do the same, aside from that, do you have a real counter to this proposal other than accussing editors of not understanding what the obscure and unprofessional essay is attempting to demonstrate?--[[User:Amadscientist|Amadscientist]] ([[User talk:Amadscientist|talk]]) 13:35, 25 February 2013 (UTC)
::::Here is the intial page when concieved in 2006: [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Don%27t-give-a-fuckism&oldid=65138064]. Explain that.--[[User:Amadscientist|Amadscientist]] ([[User talk:Amadscientist|talk]]) 13:37, 25 February 2013 (UTC)

*'''Oppose'''. Who gives a fuck? ~~ [[User:Lothar von Richthofen|Lothar von Richthofen]] ([[User talk:Lothar von Richthofen|talk]]) 19:12, 25 February 2013 (UTC)
::The only reason that I support this move is that the essay cannot be used in civil discussion. I note that "Don't be a dick" had the same issue and was reduced several times until it was a simple single line and then it was simply deleted altogether. The reason was that the essay was overly used and caused disruption and was considered an innaproppriate way for editors to engage each other. This really has no place on Wikipedia, but we do not censor and if it remains will simply be limited in use.--[[User:Amadscientist|Amadscientist]] ([[User talk:Amadscientist|talk]]) 06:38, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
::: Far too much of this sort of ill-considered busy-body censorship is going on in Wikipedia. --[[User:Epipelagic|Epipelagic]] ([[User talk:Epipelagic|talk]]) 07:08, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
::::Yes, I agree, the essay is very ill concieved. If it was censorship it would have been deleted years ago.--[[User:Amadscientist|Amadscientist]] ([[User talk:Amadscientist|talk]]) 07:45, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
:::::I don't see any redlink for [[WP:DICK]]. I see a soft redirect to the the essay's home on Meta, where it exists in over a dozen languages. And I might add that there's a vast gulf of difference between an essay that can be (improperly) used to ''[[WP:NPA|call another editor]]'' a "dick", while this is just simply uses the fuck word in the title in a manner that can't be used to insult anyone. In fact, it's a rather positive use of the fuck word. ~~ [[User:Lothar von Richthofen|Lothar von Richthofen]] ([[User talk:Lothar von Richthofen|talk]]) 18:08, 26 February 2013 (UTC)

:If it's true that, as Amadscientist claims, "''the essay cannot be used in civil discussion''", those self proclaimed, dreadfully civil people having those civil discussions without mentioning this article are doing their own self censorship. Why should I give a fuck about that? Just leave it alone. If you like the content, but not the name, just write another article. Otherwise, you're asking for censorship, and we don't do that here. [[User:HiLo48|HiLo48]] ([[User talk:HiLo48|talk]]) 07:53, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
::We also don't accuse people of actions they are not doing but look at you...again being uncivil in your approach. I am beginning to see what this essay is for. If this was censorship there would be no discussion. Now, having said that, I do believe the OP may have requested this move for the wrong reasons but that is still not censorship. I understand that you may not be familiar with how Wikipedia works Hilo but whether or not you agree with the policy, this is how we do things. We make a proposal and then we discuss it, but just making accusations wont strengthen your opinion. All it does is make the closer ignore your part as patent nonsense. And yes, Hilo...the use of a link and the phrase would be seen as uncivil just as linking "Don't be a dick" is seen in the same way. I see no one arguing for to oppose the move has yet given a reason within policy as well so...--[[User:Amadscientist|Amadscientist]] ([[User talk:Amadscientist|talk]]) 08:29, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
:::And its not even a clever use of the word "Fuck" by the way.--[[User:Amadscientist|Amadscientist]] ([[User talk:Amadscientist|talk]]) 08:31, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
:::: Calm down and do something constructive, like writing an article. If you come back later and read the essay you are so upset about in a more considered way, you might find it helpful. --[[User:Epipelagic|Epipelagic]] ([[User talk:Epipelagic|talk]]) 09:07, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
:::::Try not to direct others Epipelagic or attempt to inject suggestions without bases. Stick to the subject at hand. I know this may be difficult but perhaps you could try "not giving a fuck". I see nothing useful with this essay. I find it disruptive, unprofessional and lacking any encyclopedic value.--[[User:Amadscientist|Amadscientist]] ([[User talk:Amadscientist|talk]]) 09:17, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
:: It is not an encyclopaedic article so talking about its "encyclopedic value" is irrelevant. It offers some material that is helpful to some editors, though clearly not helpful to you. Please try and spell words correctly when you pontificate on "professionalism". --[[User:Epipelagic|Epipelagic]] ([[User talk:Epipelagic|talk]]) 09:36, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
:::Ah yes, the argument of the those with little to say...discussing the contributer and not the contributions. The weakest argument ever is to discuss the spelling of others. How classy. Whether you like it or not, everything created on Wikipedia is to improve the encyclopedia. This does not do that. Its intent is clearly disruptive.--[[User:Amadscientist|Amadscientist]] ([[User talk:Amadscientist|talk]]) 09:40, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
I really think editors should refrain from further comment if all they are going to do is make personal attacks and criticism of others. I am not sure why this approach seems appropriate, especially when this proposal is clearly not going to end with a title change but it isn't important enough to me to continue. Happy editing guys and gals.--[[User:Amadscientist|Amadscientist]] ([[User talk:Amadscientist|talk]]) 09:47, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
:Where are the personal attacks? [[User:HiLo48|HiLo48]] ([[User talk:HiLo48|talk]]) 10:09, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
::The attacks from Amadscientist. --[[User:Epipelagic|Epipelagic]] ([[User talk:Epipelagic|talk]]) 10:20, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
:::LOL [[User:HiLo48|HiLo48]] ([[User talk:HiLo48|talk]]) 20:43, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
::::If you are both done discussing the merits of the proposal you should just refrain from further chat. Anyone can remove posts that are just chat, but doing so would just encourage more uncivil accusations from these two and clearly they are no longer assuming good faith. Geez guys...I didn't even make this fucking thread or even !vote in it.--[[User:Amadscientist|Amadscientist]] ([[User talk:Amadscientist|talk]]) 20:54, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
:::::And in accusing others of making personal attacks and criticising others, seemingly without any grounds at all, YOU were assuming good faith? LOL. (You could try answering my question of "Where are the personal attacks?") [[User:HiLo48|HiLo48]] ([[User talk:HiLo48|talk]]) 23:16, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
::::::I love how you continue to demonstrate a lack of understanding of the basics of Wikipedia Hilo. Happy editing.--[[User:Amadscientist|Amadscientist]] ([[User talk:Amadscientist|talk]]) 23:40, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
:::::::LOL again. [[User:HiLo48|HiLo48]] ([[User talk:HiLo48|talk]]) 23:45, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
::::::::At least I can make you smile.--[[User:Amadscientist|Amadscientist]] ([[User talk:Amadscientist|talk]]) 23:55, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
*'''Oppose''', there's nothing wrong with the title as it is. Wikipedia is not censored, and project-space essays are definitely not censored. —[[User:Locke Cole|Locke Cole]] • [[User talk:Locke Cole|t]] • [[Special:Contributions/Locke Cole|c]] 10:03, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
*'''Comment''': Move instead to [[Wikipedia:Don't give a rat's arse]]. Much more colourful and interesting title. [[User:Skinsmoke|Skinsmoke]] ([[User talk:Skinsmoke|talk]]) 12:38, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
::No, that would create too much international debate about whether it should be spelt ''arse'' or ''ass''. (My spell checker rejects ''arse''.) [[User:HiLo48|HiLo48]] ([[User talk:HiLo48|talk]]) 20:45, 26 February 2013 (UTC)

*WTF??? '''Oppose''' of course. Those who just don't like it are sure blessed with enough free will not to read/cite it and if the mere existence of this essay is offending/bothering them, tough luck. Welcome to the real world where there are no "peeps".[[User:The Magnificent Clean-keeper|TMCk]] ([[User talk:The Magnificent Clean-keeper|talk]]) 19:03, 26 February 2013 (UTC)

*'''Uhhhhh'''. [[User:Benzband|benzband]] ([[User talk:Benzband##|talk]]) 21:01, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
::Yes, there really should be confusion here. The OP did not give a reason per policy because there really isn't one aside from the civility issues from linking to the essay...but then that would require it be used in a specific way to begin with so it is clear this request is going nowhere. I recommend a speedy close by an uninvolved editor (it need not be an admin).--[[User:Amadscientist|Amadscientist]] ([[User talk:Amadscientist|talk]]) 21:52, 26 February 2013 (UTC)
:''The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a [[WP:RM|requested move]]. '''Please do not modify it.''' Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a [[WP:move review|move review]]. No further edits should be made to this section.</div>

== Can't be arsed ==

"Can't be arsed" doesn't mean the same as "don't give a fuck". The former means "I'm not willing to put any effort in" whilst the latter means "I just don't care". There is a subtle but important difference. [[User:danno uk|'''da''''''nn''''''o''']]_[[User talk:Danno_uk|'''u''''''k''']] 00:22, 1 April 2013 (UTC)

== SFW title ==

If someone wanted to write a non-humorous version of this, titling it [[Wikipedia:don't get too attached]] might be a good suggestion, or even [[Wikipedia:Zen]]. The editor proposing above this be renamed to "Apathy" obviously didn't get what this page was about, so perhaps that is an argument for writing a "for dummies" version, omitting humor. [[Wikipedia:Let it go]] and [[Wikipedia:It's not the End of the World]] seem to be just that though. I've added them to "see also". [[User:Someone not using his real name|Someone not using his real name]] ([[User talk:Someone not using his real name|talk]]) 04:26, 24 January 2014 (UTC)

== G10: Attack page deletion ==

I have requested speedy deletion per G10 at [[Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:Don%27t-give-a-fuckism_(5th_nomination)]]. WIKIPEDIA IS NOT CENSORED! [[User:Blaster0425|blaster]][[User talk:Blaster0425|talk!]] [[Special:Contributions/Blaster0425|see]] 09:45, 26 January 2014 (UTC)

Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:Don't-give-a-fuckism (5th nomination)

2014-01-26T09:41:27Z

Renamed user 042531102:

====[[Wikipedia:Don't-give-a-fuckism]]====
[[Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:Don't-give-a-fuckism (5th nomination)]]
*[[Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:Don't-give-a-fuckism (4th nomination)]]
*[[Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:Don't-give-a-fuckism (3rd nomination)]]
*[[Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:Don't-give-a-fuckism (second nomination)]]
*[[Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:Don't-give-a-fuckism]]
:{{pagelinks|Wikipedia:Don't-give-a-fuckism}}
I understand that this page has been nominated for deletion several times. Well, so I shall make my point clear.

Yes, [[WP:NOTCENSORED|Wikipedia is not censored]], and I agree to this rule, and I also edit and translate articles that contain explicit material. However, please refer to '''[[Wikipedia:Offensive material|this page]]'''. ''"However, words and images that can be considered offensive should not be included unless they are treated in an encyclopedic manner."''

There was not a need to use vulgarities just to explain a point. Since this is not a joke and a humourous essay may contain advice, such essays should be written in a "fine" manner. Since it is also an essay on civility, why is the content not civilised enough? ''"Not censored" does not give special favor to offensive content.''

'''Humourous essays are meant to make Wikipedians have a good laugh, and at the same time learn something about what should be observed on Wikipedia.''' Huang (talk [[User talk:HYH.124|in public]] [[Special:EmailUser/HYH.124|in private]] | [[Special:Contributions/HYH.124|contribs]]) 13:31, 20 January 2014 (UTC)

* '''Strong and speedy keep''' This nomination is clearly bad faith, and offensive in its own right [[User:EatsShootsAndLeaves|ES]][[User talk:EatsShootsAndLeaves|&L]] 13:47, 20 January 2014 (UTC)
*'''Keep''' - [[Wikipedia:Offensive material]], from which you quoted, is a ''content guideline'', which only applies to articles. [[User:Mr.Z-man|Mr.]][[User talk:Mr.Z-man|'''''Z-'''man'']] 16:11, 20 January 2014 (UTC)
*'''Delete''' - page is unfunny. --[[User:Surturz|Surturz]] ([[User talk:Surturz|talk]]) 04:12, 22 January 2014 (UTC)
**That's not a reason to delete. Signed Obvious Guy, aka, [[User:Ego White Tray|Ego White Tray]] ([[User talk:Ego White Tray|talk]]) 04:26, 22 January 2014 (UTC)
**Yes, your lack of a sense of humour is not the essay's fault :-) [[User:EatsShootsAndLeaves|ES]][[User talk:EatsShootsAndLeaves|&L]] 11:08, 22 January 2014 (UTC)
*'''Keep'''. Same as previously. It has a project-related educational purpose. --[[User:SmokeyJoe|SmokeyJoe]] ([[User talk:SmokeyJoe|talk]]) 10:55, 22 January 2014 (UTC)
*'''Keep''', no valid reason for deletion. [[User:Stifle|Stifle]] ([[User talk:Stifle|talk]]) 12:50, 22 January 2014 (UTC)
*'''DGAF''' ~ [[User:Benzband|benzband]] ([[User talk:Benzband#|talk]]) 17:23, 22 January 2014 (UTC)
*'''Keep'''. You're welcome to propose changing the name to [[sed|s]]/fuck/damn/ or similar on the talk page. Deletion is not a substitute for renaming. (Not saying that "damn" is [[Frankly, my dear, I don't give a damn|completely inoffensive]].) Besides professing his butthurt sensibility about the title, the nominator has not brought any arguments as to why the content is otherwise unsuitable. [[User:Someone not using his real name|Someone not using his real name]] ([[User talk:Someone not using his real name|talk]]) 03:36, 24 January 2014 (UTC)
**[[User:Someone not using his real name|Someone]], qualifying the nominator's sensibility as "butthurt" is really uncalled for. [[User:Benzband|benzband]] ([[User talk:Benzband#|talk]]) 16:30, 24 January 2014 (UTC)
'''Speedy Keep and [[WP:TROUT|TROUT]]ing of the nominator''' on the grounds that the basis of this nomination is a page that is only intended to apply to articles and not other Wikipedia essays, guidelines, or policies. [[User:Technical 13|Technical 13]] ([[User talk:Technical 13|talk]]) 02:40, 26 January 2014 (UTC)
*I don't give a fuck if you '''Keep''' this. ;) Basically echoing what Mr.Z-man said. --[[User talk:Vandalism destroyer|'''Vandalism destroyer''']] 02:47, 26 January 2014 (UTC)
* '''Speedy Delete''' per G10. [[User:Blaster0425|blaster]][[User talk:Blaster0425|talk!]] [[Special:Contributions/Blaster0425|see]] 09:41, 26 January 2014 (UTC)

Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Administrators (Wikipedia)

2014-01-26T07:01:31Z

Renamed user 042531102:

===[[Administrators (Wikipedia)]]===
{{REMOVE THIS TEMPLATE WHEN CLOSING THIS AfD|?}}

:{{la|Administrators (Wikipedia)}} – (<includeonly>[[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Administrators (Wikipedia)|View AfD]]</includeonly><noinclude>[[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Log/2014 January 26#{{anchorencode:Administrators (Wikipedia)}}|View log]]</noinclude>{{int:dot-separator}} [http://toolserver.org/~snottywong/cgi-bin/votecounter.cgi?page=Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Administrators_(Wikipedia) Stats])
:({{Find sources|Administrators (Wikipedia)}})
:Note: This debate has been included in the [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Deletion sorting/Websites|list of Websites-related deletion discussions]]. [[User:Jinkinson|Jinkinson]] [[User talk:Jinkinson|talk to me]] 03:41, 26 January 2014 (UTC)
[[Wikipedia:NOT_INHERITED#Notability_is_inherited|Notability is not inherited]]. While there are sources for all of these articles, they are not notable separate and apart from Wikipedia, and therefore should not be forked off of Wikipedia. The items received attention ''in the context of Wikipedia'', and, were these articles written about subsections/subprocesses of any other website, we would find their notability lacking. We should not treat Wikipedia differently than we do other websites. [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AArticles_for_deletion%2FAdministrators_%28Wikipedia%29&diff=592427183&oldid=592424501 Initial filing of this AfD] 

* [[Flagged revisions]]
* [[Logo of Wikipedia]] ([[Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Logo_of_Wikipedia|AfD 1]], [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Wikipedia Globe Logo|2]])
* [[Wikipedian in Residence]]
* [[List of Wikimedia chapters]]

[[User:Sven Manguard|<big>'''S</big>ven <big>M</big>anguard''']] [[User talk:Sven Manguard|'''Wha?''']] 04:25, 26 January 2014 (UTC)
:Note: This debate has been included in the [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Deletion sorting/Websites|list of Websites-related deletion discussions]]. [[User:Northamerica1000|Northamerica1000]][[User_talk:Northamerica1000|(talk)]] 05:39, 26 January 2014 (UTC)
:Note: This debate has been included in the [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Deletion sorting/Internet|list of Internet-related deletion discussions]]. [[User:Northamerica1000|Northamerica1000]][[User_talk:Northamerica1000|(talk)]] 05:39, 26 January 2014 (UTC)
:Note: This debate has been included in the [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Deletion sorting/Lists|list of Lists-related deletion discussions]]. [[User:Northamerica1000|Northamerica1000]][[User_talk:Northamerica1000|(talk)]] 05:40, 26 January 2014 (UTC)
:Note: This debate has been included in the [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Deletion sorting/People|list of People-related deletion discussions]]. [[User:Northamerica1000|Northamerica1000]][[User_talk:Northamerica1000|(talk)]] 05:41, 26 January 2014 (UTC)

* '''Move to project page''' and it's just (Wikipedia:) [[User:Blaster0425|blaster]][[User talk:Blaster0425|talk!]] [[Special:Contributions/Blaster0425|see]] 07:01, 26 January 2014 (UTC)

Shooting sports

2014-01-24T10:11:50Z

Renamed user 042531102: Reverted 1 edit by 202.53.62.34 (talk): Blank out. (TW)

[[Image:Hattie Johnson 2.jpg||thumb|right|[[Hattie Johnson]] with an [[air rifle]]]]
A '''shooting sport''' is a competitive sport involving tests of proficiency (accuracy and speed) using various types of [[gun]]s such as [[firearm]]s and [[airgun]]s (see [[archery]] for more information on shooting sports that make use of bows and arrows). [[Hunting]] is also a shooting sport, and indeed shooting live [[pigeon]]s was an [[Olympic Games|Olympic]] event (albeit only once, in 1900). The shooting sports are categorized by the type of firearm, targets, and distances at which the targets are shot from.

== History ==
The National Rifle Association (NRA) of the United Kingdom was founded in 1860 to raise the funds for an annual national rifle meeting "for the encouragement of Volunteer Rifle Corps and the promotion of Rifle-shooting throughout Great Britain".<ref>[http://www.researchpress.co.uk/wimbledon/wimbledon.htm "Volunteers & The NRA"], researchpress.co.uk</ref>

For similar reasons, concerned over poor marksmanship during the [[American Civil War]], veteran Union officers Col. William C. Church and Gen. George Wingate formed the [[National Rifle Association]] of America in 1871 for the purpose of promoting and encouraging rifle shooting on a "scientific" basis. In 1872, with financial help from New York state, a site on Long Island, the Creed Farm, was purchased for the purpose of building a rifle range. Named [[Creedmoor Psychiatric Center|Creedmoor]], the range opened in 1872, and became the site of the first [[National Matches]] until New York politics forced the NRA to move the matches to [[Sea Girt, New Jersey]]. The popularity of the [[National Matches]] soon forced the event to be moved to its present, much larger location: [[Camp Perry]]. In 1903, the U.S. Congress created the [[National Board for the Promotion of Rifle Practice]] (NBPRP), an advisory board to the Secretary of the Army, with a nearly identical charter to the NRA. The NBPRP (now known as the [[Civilian Marksmanship Program]]) also participates in the National Matches at Camp Perry.

[[Image:Washington DC Girls' Rifle Team.jpg|right|thumb|Girls' rifle team at Central High, Washington, DC. November 1922.]]

In 1903, the NRA began to establish rifle clubs at all major colleges, universities, and military academies. By 1906, youth programs were in full swing with more than 200 boys competing in the [[National Matches]]. Today, more than one million youth participate in shooting sports events and affiliated programs through groups such as [[4-H]], the [[Boy Scouts of America]], the [[American Legion]], U.S. [[Jaycees]], [[NCAA]], the [http://www.nssf.org/sctp/ Scholastic Clay Target Program], [[National Guard Bureau]], [[ROTC]], and [[JROTC]]. These programs have all continued to thrive despite political pressure to disband. The success of these programs is often attributed to an emphasis on safety and education that has resulted in an unprecedented scholastic and collegiate athletic safety record.{{fact|date=June 2012}}

[[France|French]] pistol champion and founder of the modern Olympics, [[Pierre de Coubertin]], participated in many of these early competitions. This fact certainly contributed to the inclusion of five shooting events in the [[1896 Summer Olympics|1896 Olympics]]. Over the years, the events have been changed a number of times in order to keep up with technology and social standards. For example, targets that formerly resembled humans or animals in their shape and size have are now a circular shape in order to avoid associating the sport with any form of violence. At the same time, some events have been dropped and new ones have been added. The 2004 Olympics featured three shooting disciplines (rifle, pistol, and shotgun) where athletes competed for 51 medals in 10 men's and 7 women's events—slightly fewer than the previous Olympic schedule.

The Olympic Games continue to provide the shooting sports with its greatest public relations opportunity. The sport has always enjoyed the distinction of awarding the first medals of the Games. Internationally, the [[International Shooting Sport Federation]] (ISSF) has oversight of all Olympic shooting events worldwide, while National Governing Bodies (NGBs) administer the sport within each country.

Having originally established shooting as an organized sport in the USA, the NRA was the obvious choice to administer the United States participation in the Olympic games. The NRA dutifully managed and financially supported international and conventional shooting sports (i.e., [[National Matches]]) for over 100 years until the formation of [[USA Shooting]].

Because of its long heritage and broad appeal, the shooting sports are enjoyed by a large number of participants around the world. In recent years, however, the shooting sports have become increasingly threatened by social and political reforms. In some countries, voters have declared their disapproval toward the private ownership and possession of handguns. This is generally motivated by the perception that handguns are associated with violent crime instead of sportsmanship. Some governments, such as the [[United Kingdom|British]], have enacted restrictive gun control legislation that directly affects the shooting sports.

More recently, a rise in the number of [[concealed carry]] permit-holders in the US has led to a surge in interest in various handgun competitions that foster defensive skills, accuracy drills, and personal protection tactics.<ref>[http://www.ammoland.com/2009/12/07/michigan-concealed-pistol-license/ Michigan Firearms CPL Holders Continue To Grow]</ref>

== Rifle and pistol shooting sports ==
=== Rifle ===
[[Image:Air-rifle-target.jpg|thumb|right|Target for 10 m air-rifle (Olympic).]]
A [[Rifle]] is a firearm or airgun with a rifled barrel, but commonly refers to long weapons that usually require two hands to hold and fire steadily. They generally have a longer range and greater accuracy than [[pistol]]s, and are popular for hunting.
* Four position small bore is a popular sport in the U.S.
* The six Rifle [[ISSF shooting events]] (including three Olympic events) consist of long-time target shooting from distances of 10, 50 and 300 m.
* The two Running Target ISSF shooting events consist of rapid shooting at a target that moves sideways from distances of 10 and 50 m.
* [[Biathlon]] is an [[Olympic sports|Olympic sport]] combining shooting and [[cross-country skiing]].
* The [[International Military Sports Council|CISM]] Rapid Fire match is a speeded version of the ISSF [[300 m Standard Rifle]] event.
* [[Muzzle loading]] and [[Cowboy action shooting]] are concerned with shooting [[replica]] (or [[antique]]) guns.
* [[Gallery rifle shooting]] is popular in the UK and was introduced as a substitute for many pistol shooting disciplines following the 1997 [[Gun politics in the United Kingdom|handgun ban]].
* [[Benchrest shooting]] is concerned with shooting small groups with the rifleman sitting on a chair (bench) and the rifle supported from a table. Of all shooting disciplines, this is the most demanding equipment-wise.
* [[High Power Rifle]] (also known as "Across the Course" or 'traditional' High power) in the United States is a format that shoots 3-position (standing, kneeling or sitting, and prone) at 200, 300, and 600 yards. The term "Across the Course" is used because the match format requires the competitors to shoot at different distances to complete the course of fire.
* [[Project Appleseed]] is a rifle marksmanship program by The Revolutionary War Veterans Association that teaches both rifle marksmanship and oral history regarding the American Revolutionary War. It shoots 3-position (standing, sitting, and prone) at 25 meters at reduced scale targets, simulating shooting at 100, 200, 300, and 400 yards. The techniques taught easily apply to transitioning to [[High Power Rifle]].
* [[Fullbore target rifle|Fullbore target shooting]] is concerned with shooting at targets at ranges of 300–1200 yards.
* F-Class Rifle Shooting (The 'F' Honours Canadian Shooter George Farquharson). Shot with Fullbore Target Rifles at ranges up to 1000 yards, the rifles being fitted with telescopic sights and the use of fore-end and butt rests being permitted. This is a fast-growing variant of Fullbore Target Rifle.
* [[Field Target]] is an outdoor air gun discipline originating in the United Kingdom, but gaining popularity worldwide.

[[Image:Air-rifle-shooting.jpg|thumb|right|Sport shooting with air rifles, 10 m.]]
* There are a vast number of nationally recognized sports, including:
** Full bore and small bore rifle shooting in the United Kingdom.
** [[Three positions|Three position]] airgun competitions, popular in the [[United States]].
** Field shooting, often at very long distances, popular in [[Scandinavia]].
** Running target shooting at 80 m, on a target depicting an [[moose|elk]], popular in [[Sweden]] as a hunting exercise.
** Summer biathlon, with skiing replaced by running, popular in [[Germany]].
* Military Service Rifle is a shooting discipline that involves the use of rifles that are used by military forces and law-enforcement agencies, both past and present use. Ex-military rifles, sniper rifles (both past and present) and civilian versions of current use service rifles are commonly used in the Military Service Rifle shooting competitions. It is popular in the United States and culminates each year with the National Matches being held at Camp Perry, Ohio. Some countries have outlawed civilian shooting at human-silhouette targets, though. Silhouette targets are not used in the National Match Course of Fire. Bullseye targets are used. High Power Rifle competition often is held at the same events as Service Rifle, such as the U.S. national championships each year at Camp Perry. High Power competitors generally are civilians using whatever rifles they prefer within the rules, whereas Service Rifle entrants are limited to current or previous U.S. armed forces weapons. Although according to NRA rules only certain matches allow optical sights, normally those conducted at ranges over 600 yards.

* Palma competition dates from 1876, featuring long-range rifle shooting, out to 1,000 yards. The first Palma match was contested by teams from the U.S. and Ireland (with muzzle loaded rifles at that time), and continues in various nations today. The latest International Long-range Target Rifle Match, for the PALMA trophy, was held on Belmont ranges, Brisbane, Australia in October 2011 and was won by Great Britain. The next match is scheduled for 2015 in the USA, provisionally at Camp Perry.

=== Pistol ===
[[Handgun]]s, or Pistols, are smaller than rifles, and are much more convenient to carry in general. They usually have a shorter range and lesser accuracy compared to rifles.
* The 6 [[ISSF shooting events]] with pistols (4 Olympic events plus 2 events not included in the Olympics program but are contested in World Cups and World Championships), its roots date back to the first modern Olympic Games in 1896, consist of both precision slow-fire and rapid-fire target shooting from distances of 10, 25, and 50 meters. The pistols are unique in appearance compared to normal guns and each events has its own pistols designed specifically for the job. Shooters must use one hand only to shoot at small "bullseye(s)" downrange. In the UK (except for Northern Ireland), it is no longer possible to practice for some of the Olympic events following the [[Firearms (Amendment) (No. 2) Act 1997]], legislation brought in after the [[Dunblane Massacre]].
* [[Modern pentathlon]] includes timed shooting with an [[air pistol]] as the first of its five parts.
* The [[International Military Sports Council|CISM]] Rapid Fire match is similar to the ISSF [[25 m Rapid Fire Pistol]] event.
* The [[National Rifle Association]] (NRA) [[Conventional Pistol]], shot with up to 3 handguns of differing calibers. Its history is almost as old as the ISSF Events. Shooters must fire the pistol one-handed at 6 and 8 inch bullseyes placed 25 and 50 yards downrange respectively. This competition is also commonly called [[Bullseye (shooting competition)]].
* [[Metallic silhouette]] shooting, developed to loosely simulate hunting, is shooting at heavy animal-shaped steel silhouettes that must be knocked down to score, typically at distances normally reserved for rifles. Handguns used in the Unlimited Category are unique and rifle-like in appearance; they are also chambered in rifle calibers to take advantage of power, [[aerodynamic]] efficiency, and [[external ballistics]] and are specially designed for long range shooting. With proper shooting skills and support techniques, the accuracy of these so-called "handguns" rival that of top-notch match rifles out to 300 meters.
* The following pistol sports are categorized under [[action shooting]]. With the exception of [[PPC 1500]], field shooting, and [[ActionAirgun]], all has its roots dated back to the [[Southern California]] combat pistol scenes in the 1960s:
** [[Practical shooting]], governed by a number of bodies, the largest of which is the [[International Practical Shooting Confederation|IPSC]], was developed by former police and civilian marksmen and later used as a basis for military and police exercises. It is a variation where the shooter often moves during shooting, and hit scores and shooting time are equally important. Another major sanctioning body, [[International Defensive Pistol Association|IDPA]], was created as a response to some IPSC competitors wishing to participate in scenarios closer to defensive situations which may arise in real life.
** [[The Bianchi Cup]], a fusion of IPSC (without the "run and gun" element) and Bullseye Competition (except shot with two hands and going prone whenever rules allow it) where accuracy under tight time limits in 4 different simulated scenarios, known as the "Event(s)", is the basis of this competition. Shooters must start with gun in the holster on every strings of fire and distances range from 10 to 50 yards.
** [[National Rifle Association|NRA]] Police Pistol Combat, also known as [[PPC 1500]], is perhaps the predecessor of all practical pistol shooting sports. It began in 1959 as a police only match, i.e., civilians are not allowed to compete, that theoretically trains officers for better real life shooting confrontations.
** [[Cowboy Action Shooting]], almost identical to IPSC and IDPA stage design but with Western Cowboy themed props, shot with long guns and revolvers of the same era. Mere act of shooting itself is not enough. Competitors must choose and go by a cowboy nickname or alias and are required to look the part by donning authentic cowboy and cowgirl garments.
** [[ActionAirgun]] is an indoor action shooting sport using semi-automatic airsoft pistols and courses of fire downloaded from a central hub. Shooters upload shooting times to a website to resolve competitions.
**[[International Defensive Pistol Association|IDPA]] is an action shooting sport that uses semi-automatic handguns and revolvers with a strong emphasis on concealed shooting. The sport provides competitors with a safe and friendly environment to improve their skills.
* There are also a vast number of other nationally recognized sports, including:
** [[Airsoft IPSC]] follows the same principle of IPSC but shooters use airsoft gun instead. The range, paper targets and poppers are scaled down to suit for airsoft pistols. The sport enjoys popularity in countries such as [[Taiwan]], [[Hong Kong]], and [[Japan]] where civilian ownership of real firearms are illegal or extremely difficult to obtain.
** Field shooting, a type of variable rapid-fire competition, popular in Scandinavia.
* Other, less formally organized shooting sports include:
** Knocking bowling pins off a table top,
** Steel "reactive" targets,
** and general "[[plinking]]" at miscellaneous objects.

== Shotgun shooting sports ==
A [[shotgun]] is similar to a rifle, but typically fires projectiles that either contain many smaller sub-projectiles, or one large projectile. They are more often than not [[pump-action]] or single-shot-and-reload actions.
* The three Shotgun ISSF shooting events (presently all Olympic) are based on quick reaction to clay targets thrown by a machine.
* Other shotgun sports with (at least partial) international recognition include [[Sporting Clays (shooting)|Sporting Clays]], providing more variation than the standard ISSF events, and [[Down-The-Line]]. [[Five stand]] is also a shotgun shooting sport similar to skeet, but with more target variety. There are five stations, or stands. At each station there is normally a card that lets the shooter know the sequence of birds he or she will be shooting at.
* [[Cowboy action shooting|Cowboy Action Shooting]] also may involve shotguns.
* [[Practical shooting]] uses high capacity shotguns (usually pump or semi-automatic). It has emerged particularly in countries where handguns have been banned.

== Action ==
''Action Shooting'' is a generic term applicable to non-traditional shooting sports, generally characterized by rapid movement within each shooting stage, where most or all begins with holster draw in the case of handguns. Examples include 'practical pistol' as in the [[International Practical Shooting Confederation]] (IPSC), the [[United States Practical Shooting Association]] (USPSA), and the [[International Defensive Pistol Association]] (IDPA), as well as [[cowboy action shooting]], [[ActionAirgun]] (AAG), and 'three-gun' events noted below. The latter two involve use of rifles, handguns, and shotguns within the same event.

Disciplines such as National Rifle Association's Action Pistol, also known as [[The Bianchi Cup]], also belongs to the action shooting category, but extreme accuracy fired within tight, predetermined time limits is more paramount than raw speed.

== 3-Gun ==
3-Gun shooting events are [[practical shooting]] events where the stages are shot with a combination of a [[rifle]], [[handgun]], and [[shotgun]].<ref>The NRA three gun "[[Conventional Pistol]]" events are a quite different format—requiring rimfire, centerfire, and .45 caliber pistols.</ref> Matches generally involve courses where the shooter must move through different stages, and engage targets in a variety of different positions. Each stage will generally require the use of different weapons and require the shooter to transition between different firearms. Force multipliers are generally awarded to the score based on the caliber of the ammunition the shooter uses. Although 3-gun competitions take place in most local areas, the largest annual events in the USA are the [[United States Practical Shooting Association|USPSA]] 3-Gun Nationals, the Rocky Mountain 3-Gun, the [[DPMS Panther Arms|DPMS]] Tri-Gun Challenge, the Superstition Mountain Mystery 3-Gun,<ref>[http://www.smm3gun.com/ Superstition Mountain Mystery 3-Gun]</ref> and the Larue Tactical Multigun Championship.

One of the more unique variants of this shooting sport is called [[Cowboy Action Shooting]]. Characterized by an [[American frontier#The American frontier in popular culture|Old West]] theme, participants dress in late 19th century period dress and use either original or reproduction "cowboy guns" such as [[Colt's Manufacturing Company|Colt]] [[single action]] pistols and [[Winchester rifle]]s. Started in [[Southern California]] in the 1980s, it has grown to become an international activity with multiple sanctioning bodies; thousands of local, regional, and national matches; and a World Championship match called ''End of Trail'' sponsored by the Single Action Shooting Society, the largest of the sanctioning organizations.

NBC Sports series "3-Gun Nation" has begun a professional series featuring the top 64 ranked shooters in the country competing in a points series culminating in a year-end shoot-off for $50,000.<ref>[http://finance.yahoo.com/news/3-gun-nation-awards-hefty-133000678.html "...Tournament Series Shooting Champion"], January 24, 2013, [[Yahoo! Finance]].</ref>

== Crossbow ==
{{main|crossbow}}

[[Image:IAU match xbow.jpg|thumb|upright|IAU 30 metre Match-crossbow World Championships, Sulgen, Switzerland 2008]]
[[Image:IAU 10m match xbow.jpg|upright|thumb|An IAU 10m Match-crossbow]]

The International Crossbow-shooting Union<ref>[http://www.iau-crossbow.org/ International Crossbow-shooting Union]</ref> (Internationale Armbrustschutzen Union—IAU) was founded in Landshut, Germany on June 24, 1956 as the world governing body for [[crossbow]] target shooting. The IAU supervises World, Continental and International crossbow shooting championships in 3 disciplines; 30m Match-crossbow, 10m Match-crossbow and Field-crossbow shooting. IAU World Championships take place every two years with Continental Championships on intervening years. Other International and IAU-Cup events take place annually.

'''30 metre Match-crossbow''' shooting is the IAU's premier discipline and championships entry lists regularly include many Olympic-class small bore and air rifle athletes. Shooting takes place on enclosed outdoor ranges which are equipped with electrically driven match-crossbow target transport systems. Existing small bore ranges can be adapted for 30 metre crossbow shooting. In the absence of permanent facilities, shooting can take place on temporary tented ranges using portable target systems.

Athletes shoot from two positions; "Standing" and "Kneeling". Crossbows are loaded using a lever and the Bolt (arrow) is shot at a black and white target card (one shot per card, the same bolt shot repeatedly).

At IAU World and Continental championships national federations can enter teams of three (3) competitors (of either gender) in two Categories; Open Class and U-21 Juniors. And by taking part at IAU Cup matches, a nation can win two (2) additional Quota-Spots thereby increasing to five (5) the number of competitors that the federation concerned can register for the next years World or Continental Match-crossbow championships.

The competition programme consists of 60 shots from 30 meters—30 shots "Standing" plus 30 shots "Kneeling". The Team competitions (60 shots) take place on the first day of championships. On the following day, the highest scoring competitors in the team events (Open Class and U-21 Juniors) will qualify to take part in the Individual championships. The numbers of competitors to qualify will depend on the number of targets available (usually 28). After 60 shots the top eight (8) competitors in each category will go forward to the Championships Finals (Standing position, 10 shots on voice command). The winners of the Gold, Silver, and Bronze Medals are the three competitors with the highest combined scores (60 shot Qualification plus 10 shot Final). If scores are tied after 10 Final shots the competitors concerned continue shot-by-shot until a winner is declared.

'''10 metre Match-crossbow shooting''', which was introduced into the IAU’s programme in 1977, has attracted many new nations to the sport. It’s a highly technical event that’s appreciated by top-flight air rifle athletes and match-crossbow specialists alike. Shooting takes place on indoor ranges equipped with electrically driven Match-crossbow target transport systems. Existing 10 meter airgun ranges can often be adapted, but in the absence of permanent facilities, a temporary shooting range can be set up in large Sports Hall using portable equipment.

Competitors shoot from the Standing position—as in ISSF Air Rifle shooting. Crossbows are loaded using a lever; the Bolt (arrow) is shot at a black and white target card—one shot per card, the same bolt shot repeatedly. The size of the target is the same as the Olympic air-rifle target; 0,5mm diameter 10-ring.

The 10 meter competition programme is run in separate relays for each category; Men shoot 60 bolts, Women and U-21 Juniors each shoot 40 bolts. Team (3 shooters per team) and Individual competitions are run concurrently. The Team results are decide after 60 and 40 bolts respectively. In the Individual events the eight (8) top scoring competitors in each category qualify for Olympic-style 10-shot finals to decide the medal winners.

'''IAU Championships Timeline''':
* '''1958''' 1st European Match-crossbow Championships, [[Gent, Belgium]]
* '''1979''' 1st World Match-crossbow Championships, [[Linz, Austria]]
* '''1982''' 1st World Field-crossbow Championships, [[Mikkeli, Finland]]
* '''1989''' 1st European Field-crossbow Championships [[Wolverhampton, England]]
* '''1992''' 1st Asian Field-crossbow Championships, [[Tainan, Taiwan]]

== See also ==
*[[Shooting at the Summer Olympics]]
*[[ISSF World Shooting Championships]]
*[[Shooting sports in Canada]]
*[[Modern competitive archery]] and [[target archery]] for [[bow (weapon)|bow]]s

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Wikivoyage|Recreational shooting}}
=== International governing bodies ===
*[http://www.icfra.com/ International Confederation of Fullbore Rifle Associations (ICFRA)]
*[http://www.issf-sports.org/ International Shooting Sport Federation]
*[http://www.ipsc.org/ International Practical Shooting Confederation]
*[http://www.idpa.com/ International Defensive Pistol Association]
*[http://sassnet.com/ Single Action Shooting Society]
*[http://bbs.keyhole.com/ubb/showthreaded.php/Cat/0/Number/524830/an//page/0/vc/1 Worldwide Fullbore and High Power Ranges on Google Earth]

=== Other ===
*[http://www.nra.org.uk/ National Rifle Association (of the UK)]
*[http://www.targetshootingireland.org/ National Target Shooting Association (of Ireland)]
*[http://www.nasrpc.ie/ National Association of Sporting Rifle & Pistol Clubs (of Ireland)]
*[http://www.hkshooting.org.hk/index.htm Hong Kong Shooting Assiciation] (A member agency of Sports Federation & Olympic Committee of Hong Kong, China) {{zh icon}}
*[http://www.cpsa.co.uk/ UK Clay Pigeon Shooting Association]
*[http://www.thegunbus.com/ Traveling and Shooting in the USA]
*[http://www.digitalreview.com.ar/target Collection of targets to print and use in archery and shooting]
*[http://www.shootingwiki.org/ ShootingWiki.org]
*[http://www.bullseyepistol.com/ Encyclopedia of Bullseye Shooting]
*[http://www.bgshooting.org.rs/ Belgrade Shooting Association]
*[http://www.ausshooting.org/index.php/ Australian International Shooting Ltd]

{{Olympic sports}}

[[Category:Shooting sports| ]]
[[Category:Olympic sports]]

[[eo:Pafado]]
[[ko:스포츠 사격]]

User talk:117.194.81.27

2014-01-24T10:09:42Z

Renamed user 042531102: General note: Removal of content, blanking on Athletics at the 2014 Lusophony Games. (TW)

== January 2014 ==
[[Image:Information.svg|25px|alt=Information icon]] Hello, I'm [[User:Blaster0425|Blaster0425]]. I noticed that you recently removed some content from [[:Athletics at the 2014 Lusophony Games]] without explaining why. In the future, it would be helpful to others if you described your changes to Wikipedia with an accurate [[Help:Edit summary|edit summary]]. If this was a mistake, don't worry: I restored the removed content. If you would like to experiment, please use the [[WP:Sandbox|sandbox]]. If you think I made a mistake, or if you have any questions, you can leave me a message on [[User_talk:Blaster0425|my talk page]]. Thanks! [[User:Blaster0425|blaster]][[User talk:Blaster0425|talk!]] [[Special:Contributions/Blaster0425|see]] 10:09, 24 January 2014 (UTC)
:''If this is a [[Network address translation|shared IP address]], and you did not make the edits, consider [[Wikipedia:Why create an account?|creating an account]] for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.''

Athletics at the 2014 Lusofonia Games

2014-01-24T10:08:36Z

Renamed user 042531102: Reverted 1 edit by 117.194.81.27 (talk) to last revision by Pietaster. (TW)

{{Infobox Athletics Championships
|Name = Athletics at the III Lusophony Games
|Logo =
|Size = 250px
|Optional caption =
|Colour = #A9F5A9
|Host city = [[Bambolim]], [[Goa]], [[India]]{{flagicon|India}}
|Dates = 23–27 January 2014
|Stadium = [[GMC Complex]]
|Nations participating = 12
|Athletes participating =
|Events = 31
|Records set =
|Previous = [[Athletics at the 2009 Lusophony Games|2009 Lisbon]]
|Next = [[Athletics at the 2017 Lusophony Games|2017 Maputo]]
}}
The '''[[Athletics (sport)|Athletics]]''' competition at the '''[[2014 Lusophony Games]]''' is slated to take place at the [[GMC Complex]] between 23 and 27 January 2014 in [[Bambolim]], [[Goa State]], [[India]].

==Medal summary==
:''For full event details see [[Athletics at the 2014 Lusophony Games – Results]]''
===Men===
{| {{MedalistTable|type=Event|columns=2}}
|-
|100 metres
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|-
|200 metres
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|-
|400 metres
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|-
|800 metres
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|-
|1500 metres
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|-
|5000 metres
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|-
|110 metres hurdles
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|-
|400 metres hurdles
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|-
|3000 metres steeplechase
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|-
|4×100 metres relay
| {{flagteam|}} [[]] [[]] [[]] [[]]||
| {{flagteam|}} [[]] [[]] [[]] [[]]||
| {{flagteam|}} [[]] [[]] [[]] [[]]||
|-
|4×400 metres relay
| {{flagteam|}} [[]] [[]] [[]] [[]]||
| {{flagteam|}} [[]] [[]] [[]] [[]]||
| {{flagteam|}} [[]] [[]] [[]] [[]]||
|-
|10 km walk
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|-
| High jump
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|-
| Long jump
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|-
| Triple jump
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|-
| Shot put
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|}

===Women===
{| {{MedalistTable|type=Event|columns=2}}
|-
|100 metres
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|-
|200 metres
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|-
|400 metres
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|-
|800 metres
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|-
|1500 metres
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|-
|5000 metres
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|-
|100 metres hurdles
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|-
|400 metres hurdles
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|-
|3000 metres steeplechase
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|-
|4×100 metres relay
| {{flagteam|}} [[]] [[]] [[]] [[]]||
| {{flagteam|}} [[]] [[]] [[]] [[]]||
| {{flagteam|}} [[]] [[]] [[]] [[]]||
|-
|4×400 metres relay
| {{flagteam|}} [[]] [[]] [[]] [[]]||
| {{flagteam|}} [[]] [[]] [[]] [[]]||
| {{flagteam|}} [[]] [[]] [[]] [[]]||
|-
|10 km walk
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} ||
|-
| High jump
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|-
| Long jump
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|-
| Triple jump
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|-
| Shot put
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|{{flagathlete|[[]]|}} || m
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}
*[http://lusofoniagames2014.gov.in/at/at_main_Static.htm Results]

{{SportsAt2014LusophonyGames}}
{{Lusophony Games Athletics}}

[[Category:2014 in athletics (track and field)|Lusophony Games]]
[[Category:2014 Lusophony Games]]
[[Category:Athletics at the Lusophony Games|2014]]

Talk:Ryan Serhant

2014-01-19T12:14:21Z

Renamed user 042531102: /* Tagalog langauages */

{{WikiProject Biography
|living=yes
|class=Stub
|listas=Serhant, Ryan
|filmbio-work-group=yes
}}

==Untitled==
I thought wikipedia doesnt have ads... — Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/108.65.14.94|108.65.14.94]] ([[User talk:108.65.14.94|talk]]) 04:51, 4 May 2012 (UTC) 

== Tagalog langauages ==

I created this article at Tagalog Wikipedia! [[User:Blaster0425|blaster]][[User talk:Blaster0425|talk!]] [[Special:Contributions/Blaster0425|see]] 12:14, 19 January 2014 (UTC)

Talk:Ryan Serhant

2014-01-19T12:13:46Z

Renamed user 042531102: /* Tagalog langauages */ new section

Creative Programs

2014-01-19T11:43:51Z

Renamed user 042531102:

{{Infobox company
| name = Creative Programs, Inc.
| company_logo =
| type = [[Subsidiary]]
| foundation = 1995
| location_city = [[Quezon City]]
| location_country = [[Philippines]]
| location = 
| locations = 
| key_people = Antonio S. Ventosa (Head)
| area_served = [[Philippines]]
| industry = [[cable television]]
| products = [[television program]]
| services =
| revenue =
| operating_income =
| net_income =
| num_employees =
| parent = [[ABS-CBN Corporation]]
| divisions =
| subsid =
| homepage =
| dissolved =
| footnotes =
| intl = 
}}

'''Creative Programs, Inc.''' ('''CPI''') is a subsidiary of [[ABS-CBN Corporation]]. The division primarily operates and distributes [[cable channel]]s, along with the company's [[pay-per-view]] services (such as [[Pinoy Big Brother|Pinoy Big Brother 24/7]] and [[Pinoy Dream Academy|Pinoy Dream Academy 24/7]]).<ref>{{cite web|title=Cable and Print|url=http://ir.abs-cbn.com/Portals/_default/Skins/IR/businesses/cableandprint.html?iframe=true&width=700&height=400|publisher=ABS-CBN Investor Relation|accessdate=16 April 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release|title=Tiger Gate Launches KIX and Thrill in the Philippines with CPI|url=http://www.tigergate.com/press-release-14.html|publisher=Tiger Gate Entertainment|date=13 April 2011|accessdate=16 April 2012}}</ref>

==Assets==
*[[Balls (TV channel)|Balls]]
*[[Cinema One]]
*[[Hero (TV channel)|Hero]]
*[[Jeepney TV]]
*[[Lifestyle Network]]
*[[Myx]]

Creative Programs also handles distribution for the following channels:
*[[ABS-CBN News Channel]] (owned by ABS-CBN)
*[[DZMM TeleRadyo]] (owned by ABS-CBN)
*[[KIX (TV channel)|KIX]] (owned by [[Celestial Tiger Entertainment]])
*[[Thrill (TV channel)|Thrill]] (owned by [[Celestial Tiger Entertainment]])
*[[Knowledge Channel (Philippines)|Knowledge Channel]]
*[[O Shopping]]
*[[Channel M (Southeast Asia)]]
*[[Fashion One]]
*[[Syfy]] Asia
*[[Fox Family Movies]]
*[[Formosa TV]]
*[[Fox Filipino]]
*[[AXN Asia]]
*[[STAR World]]
*[[STAR Movies]]

===Defunct===
*[[CgeTV]] (2010-2012)
*[[Maxxx]] (2008-2010)
*[[Kapamilya Channel]]
*[[Velvet (TV channel)|Velvet]] (2008-2014)

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{ABS-CBN}}
{{Philippine cable channels}}
{{Media and entertainment companies of the Philippines}}

[[Category:ABS-CBN Corporation]]
[[Category:Cable television companies]]
[[Category:Television in the Philippines]]
[[Category:Companies based in Quezon City]]

List of largest shopping malls in the Philippines

2014-01-19T01:58:11Z

Renamed user 042531102: Reverted 1 edit by 222.127.85.199 (talk) to last revision by WayKurat. (TW)

{{one source|date=January 2014}}
This article lists shopping malls in the [[Philippines]] with a [[gross leasable area]] of at least 100,000 square meters.

[[SM Prime Holdings]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bluepanjeet.net/2008/09/01/1406/11-largest-shopping-malls-in-the-world-and-4-of-them-are-in-the-philippines|title=11 Largest Shopping Malls in the World|website=Bluepanjeet.Net|first=Romuald|last=Matthieson|date=1 September 2008|accessdate=September 1, 2008}}</ref> is the largest shopping [[retail]] operator in the country with 41 operating malls totalling a gross floor area of 4.5 million square meters nationwide.

==Malls by gross leasable area==
{{legend|#ddffdd|One of the world's top ten largest malls upon completion|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!#!!Mall!!Image!!Location!!Gross leasable area!!Opened!![[Anchor store]]s/main features!!Stores
|-style="background:#dfd;"
|1
| [[SM City North EDSA]]
|
[[File:SMNotrthjf1943 02.JPG|220px]]
| [[Quezon City]]
| 482,878 m² (5.20 million ft²)
| 1985
| SM Department Store, SM Supermarket, SM Hypermarket, Sky Garden, SM Cinemas (City Center and The Block), IMAX Theater, SM Food Court, SM Cyberzone, Interior Zone, SM Bowling Center, Toy Kingdom, Kultura Filipino
| 1,100+
|-style="background:#dfd;"
|2
| [[SM Megamall]]
| [[File:Sm megamall.jpg|220px]]
| [[Mandaluyong]]
| 392,056 m² (4.22 million ft²)
| 1991
| SM Department Store, SM Supermarket, SM Cinema Megamall, Event Center, Toy Kingdom, Cyberzone, Cinderella, [[Watsons]], [[Forever 21]]
| 800+
|-
|3
| [[SM Mall of Asia]]
| [[File:SM Mall of Asia main facade.jpg|220px]]
| [[Pasay]]
| 390,193 m2 (4.2 million ft²)
| 2006
| One E-com Center, Two E-com Center, IMAX Theater, Concert grounds, [[Mall of Asia Arena]], Nido Fortified Science Discovery Center, SMX Convention Center,
| 1000+
|-
|4
| [[SM City Cebu]]
| [[File:Sm Mall Cebu.jpg|220px]]
| [[Cebu City]]
| 268,611 m² (2,891,305 ft²)
| 1993
| SM Supermarket, SM Cinemas (City Center and The Block), IMAX Theater, SM Food Court, SM Cyberzone, SM Department Store, [[Toy Kingdom]], Sports Central, [[Forever 21]]
| 700+
|-
|5
| [[Glorietta]]
| [[File:Glorietta 5.jpg|220px]]
| [[Makati]]
| 250,000 m² (2.7 million ft²)
| 1991
| The Landmark Makati, The Link/Anson's, Shangri-la Makati Hotel, Park Square 1, SM Makati, Rustan's Makati, Hard Rock Cafe, Papemelroti, TGI Fridays, Triple V, Gold's Gym, Music One, Toys "R" Us, Timezone
| 500+
|-
|6
| [[Greenbelt (Ayala Center)|Greenbelt]]
| [[File:Greenbelt5.JPG|220px]]
| [[Makati]]
| 250,000 m² (2.7 million ft²)
| 1991
| [[Ace Hardware]], Adora, [[Automatic Centre]], [[Bally Shoe|Bally]], [[Banana Republic]], [[Bottega Veneta]], [[Burberry]], [[Bvlgari]], [[Emporio Armani]], [[Escada]], [[Gucci]], [[Hermès]], [[Hugo Boss]], [[Jimmy Choo Ltd|Jimmy Choo]], [[Kenneth Cole Productions|Kenneth Cole]], [[Louis Vuitton]], [[Marks and Spencer]], [[Muji]], Rustan's Supermarket, [[Salvatore Ferragamo Italia S.p.A|Salvatore Ferragamo]], [[Tod's]], [[Tommy Hilfiger]], [[Topman]], [[Topshop]], [[Toys "R" Us]], [[Zara (retailer)|Zara]]
| 300+
|-
|7
| [[Robinsons Place Manila]]
| [[File:Robinsons Place Manila Pedro Gil.jpg|220px]]
| [[Manila]]
| 240,000 m²
| 1995
| [[Daiso]], [[Dorothy Perkins]], [[Fitness First]], [[Marks and Spencer]], [[Rustan's|Red Tag by Rustan's]], Robinsons Department store, Robinsons Supermarket, [[Topman]], [[Topshop]], [[Toys "R" Us]]
| 400+
|-
|8
| [[Robinsons Galleria]]
| [[File:Robinsons Galleria.jpg|220px]]
| [[Quezon City]]
| 216,000 m2 (2.3million ft²)
| 1990
| [[Automatic Centre]], [[Daiso]], [[Dorothy Perkins]], [[Gold's Gym]], [[Marks and Spencer]], Robinsons Department store, Robinsons Supermarket, [[Topman]], [[Topshop]], [[Toys "R" Us]]
| 700
|-
|9
| [[SM Southmall]]
| [[File:SM Southmall. South Wing.jpg|220px]]
| [[Las Piñas]]
| 205,120 m² (2.2 million ft²)
| 1995
| [[SM Department Store]], [[SM Supermarket]], SM Cinemas, SM Food Court, SM Ice Skating Rink, [[IMAX]] Theater
| 400+
|-
|10
| [[Festival Supermall]]
| [[File:Muntinlupa-alabang-2012-01.jpeg|220px]]
| [[Muntinlupa City]]
| 200,000 m² (2.1million ft²)
| 1997
| [[Ace Hardware]], [[Automatic Centre]], [[Daiso]], Robinsons Department Store, Savemore Supermarket, Shopwise
| 520
|-
|}
==Largest shopping mall by region==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Region!!Mall!!City!!Gross leasable area!!Opened
|-
|[[Luzon]]||[[SM City North EDSA]]||[[Quezon City]]||482,878 m² (5.20 million ft²)||1985
|-
|[[Visayas]]||[[SM City Cebu]]||[[Cebu City]]||268,611 m² (2,891,305 ft²)||1993
|-
|[[Mindanao]]||[[SM Lanang Premier]]||[[Davao City]]|| 145,000 m2 (1,560,000 sq ft)||2012
|-
|}

==Under construction==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Mall!!City!!Gross leasable area!!Opening!!Stores
|-
|[[SM Seaside City Cebu]] || [[Cebu City]] || 469,000 m² || 2015 || 2,000
|}

==See also==
*[[List of largest shopping malls in the world]]
*[[List of shopping malls in the Philippines]]
*[[List of shopping malls in Metro Manila]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Asia topic|List of shopping malls in}}

[[Category:Shopping malls in the Philippines|Philippines]]
[[Category:Lists of shopping malls|Philippines]]
[[Category:Lists of buildings and structures in the Philippines|Shop]]
[[Category:Lists of largest buildings and structures|Shopping malls in the Philippines]]

ABS-CBN Sports and Action

2014-01-17T23:16:11Z

Renamed user 042531102:

{{Infobox broadcasting network
| name = ABS-CBN Sports+Action
| logo = [[File:ABS-CBN Sports plus Action logo.jpeg|200px]]
| type = [[Sports channel|Sports]] and [[action film|action]] channel
| branding = ABS-CBN Sports+Action 23
| established =
| test card =
| test of transmission = January 17, 2014
| airdate =
| country = [[Philippines]]
| available = Nationwide
| founded =
| founder =
| slogan = ''Play Hard''
| motto =
| market_share =
| license_area =
| headquarters = 3rd Flr., ABS-CBN Broadcast Center, Sgt. Esguerra Ave., Mother Ignacia St., [[Diliman]], [[Quezon City]]
| broadcast_area = Nationwide
| area =
| erp =
| owner = {{nowrap|[[ABS-CBN Corporation]]}}
| parent = [[ABS-CBN Sports]]
| key_people =
{{plain list|
* Dino Laurena (ABS-CBN Sports Head)
* March Ventosa (ABS-CBN Narrowcast Head)
}}
| foundation =
| launch_date = {{Start date|2014|01|18}}
| dissolved =
| former_names = [[Studio 23]] (1996-2014)
| digital =
| language =
{{plain list|
* [[Filipino language|Filipino]]
* [[English language|English]]
}}
| affiliations = [[Balls (TV channel)|Balls]]
| webcast =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''ABS-CBN Sports and Action''', stylized as '''ABS-CBN Sports+Action''',<ref name="TV Patrol">{{cite web | url=http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/video/sports/01/17/14/what-expect-abs-cbns-new-sports-channel | title=Mga dapat abangan sa bagong sports channel ng ABS-CBN | publisher=''[[ABS-CBN News]]'' | work=[[TV Patrol]] | date=January 17, 2014 | accessdate=January 18, 2014 | author=[[Dyan Castillejo]] | language=Filipino}}</ref> is an upcoming [[Philippines|Filipino]] free-to-air sports and action channel. It is managed by [[ABS-CBN Sports]], [[ABS-CBN Corporation]]'s sports content division. The channel will occupy the former channel space of [[Studio 23]], a young adult-oriented network ceasing operations on January 16, 2014.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.spin.ph/sports/multi-sport-events/news/studio-23-to-become-an-all-sports-channel-on-free-tv-after-reformatting | title=Studio 23 to become an all-sports channel on free TV after reformatting | publisher=''[[Philippine Entertainment Portal|Sports Interactive Network Philippines]]'' | date=January 14, 2014 | accessdate=January 16, 2014 | author=Reuben Terrado}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.philstar.com/entertainment/2014/01/17/1279930/abs-cbn-turns-studio-23-sports-channel-launches-sports-action | title=ABS-CBN turns Studio 23 into sports channel, launches ‘Sports & Action’ | publisher=''[[The Philippine Star]]'' | date=January 17, 2014 | accessdate=January 17, 2014 | author=Eunice Blanco}}</ref> It will begin its operations on January 18, 2014.<ref name="ABS 1">{{cite web | url=http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/sports/01/16/14/abs-cbn-launches-new-sports-channel | title=ABS-CBN launches new sports channel | publisher=''[[ABS-CBN News]]'' | date=January 16, 2014 | accessdate=January 16, 2014 | author=Dennis Gasgonia}}</ref><ref name="MB">{{cite web | url=http://www.mb.com.ph/abs-cbn-launches-sportsaction/ | title=ABS-CBN launches Sports+Action | publisher=''[[Manila Bulletin]]'' | date=January 17, 2014 | accessdate=January 17, 2014 | author=Rowena Tan | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140117071213/http://www.mb.com.ph/abs-cbn-launches-sportsaction/ | archivedate=January 17, 2014}}</ref>

==Development==
According to ABS-CBN Narrowcast Head March Ventosa, the division started developing the concept of a sports channel of free television for a year. Also with its launching, the management decided to drop the strong [[Studio 23]] branding for it is well associated with entertainment programs of which the former channel only carries 30 percent of sports related content.<ref name="PEP 1">{{cite web | url=http://www.pep.ph/news/41953/studio-23-goes-off-the-air-abs-cbn-launches-new-sports-channel | title=Studio 23 goes off the air; ABS-CBN launches new sports channel | publisher=''[[Philippine Entertainment Portal]]'' | date=January 17, 2014 | accessdate=January 17, 2014 | author=Arniel C. Serato | pages=1-2}}</ref>

===Launching===
Hosted by [[Matteo Guidicelli]], and [[Maricar Reyes]], the channel was officially launched in [[Glorietta|Glorietta 3]], [[Ayala Center]], [[Makati]] on January 16, 2014.<ref name="PEP 1"/> The event was attended by several well known Filipino athletes including [[Marlon Stockinger]], [[Donnie Nietes]], the [[Azkals]] team, [[Jeron Teng]], and some ABS-CBN executives and personalities.<ref name="TV Patrol"/> The event also provided a glimpse of its program lineup which includes sports coverage of [[UAAP]], [[Top Rank]] and Pinoy Pride boxing bouts, and the [[Philippine national football team|Azkal]]'s football matches.<ref name="ABS 1"/>

A test broadcast was done a day (January 17) prior to its official launching on January 18, 2014.

==Programming==
{{main|List of programs broadcast by ABS-CBN Sports+Action}}
According to ''[[Philippine Entertainment Portal|Sports Interactive Network Philippines]]'', 70 percent of its contents will be about sports, with the remaining of it covering Filipino action films, English television series, and other entertainment programs.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.spin.ph/sports/basketball/news/after-launch-of-sports-channel-abs-cbn-official-says-pba-games-an-enticing-content | title=After launch of sports channel, ABS-CBN official says PBA games an 'enticing content' | publisher=''[[Philippine Entertainment Portal|Sports Interactive Network Philippines]]'' | date=January 16, 2014 | accessdate=January 16, 2014 | author=Reuben Terrado}}</ref>

==Slogans==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:100%; line-height:16px;" width="45%"
|-
! width="15%" | Branding
! width="15%" | Slogan
! width="15%" | Years in use
|-
| ABS-CBN Sports+Action
| ''Play Hard''
| January 18, 2014 – present
|-
|}

==See also==
* [[List of ABS-CBN Corporation channels and stations#ABS-CBN Sports+Action|List of ABS-CBN Sports+Action regional television stations across the Philippines]]
* [[Balls (TV channel)]], ABS-CBN's cable sports channel
* [[ABS-CBN]], ABS-CBN Sports+Action's sister channel
* [[ABS-CBN Sports]], the channel's parent division and sports content producer

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.abs-cbn.com/ ABS-CBN's Official website]
* {{Facebook|SportsAndAction}}
* {{Twitter|SportsAndAction}}

{{ABS-CBN}}
{{Television in the Philippines}}

[[Category:ABS-CBN Corporation]]
[[Category:ABS-CBN Sports+Action stations]]
[[Category:Philippine television networks]]
[[Category:Sports television in the Philippines]]
[[Category:Television channels and stations established in 2014]]

Studio 23

2014-01-17T23:14:26Z

Renamed user 042531102:

{{refimprove|date=December 2012}}
{{Infobox Network |
| network_name = ''Studio 23''
| network_logo = [[Image:Studio 23 2012 logo.png|200px]]
| country = [[Philippines]]
| network_type = [[Terrestrial television|Broadcast]] [[UHF]] [[television network]]
| available = Defunct
| owner = AMCARA Broadcasting Network (1996-2010) [[ABS-CBN Corporation]] (1998-2014)
| key_people = Vince Rodriguez (Head)
| slogan = IbaKabarkada!
| language = [[Filipino language|Filipino]] (main) [[English language|English]] (secondary)
| launch_date = October 12, 1996
| dissolved = January 16, 2014
| past_names = EEC-23 (1992-1996)
| replaced_by = [[ABS-CBN Sports+Action]]
| website = [http://www.studio23.tv Studio23.tv]
}}

'''Studio 23''' (officially '''Studio 23, Inc.''' and previously '''[[AMCARA Broadcasting Network]]''') was a [[Philippines|Filipino]] [[television network]] owned by the [[ABS-CBN Corporation]]. The network is named for its flagship station in [[Metro Manila]], [[DWAC-TV]], which is carried on UHF channel 23. The network is a sister network of the main channel, [[ABS-CBN]], airing programming aimed towards young adults, such as [[North American]] imports and other English-language programming, and original [[Filipino culture|Filipino]] programming aimed at the demographic as well, such as supplemental programming for ABS-CBN programs. This station studios are located at 3/F ABS-CBN Broadcast Center, Sgt. Esguerra Ave., Mother Ignacia St., [[Diliman]], [[Quezon City]].

==History==
[[Image:Studio 23 logo.svg|thumb|left|100px|The 6th Studio 23 logo used from August 1, 2010 to July 13, 2012]]

At a planning session during the mid-1990s, ABS-CBN staff members were plotting out plans for a new UHF channel offering a more "upscale" alternative to the main ABS-CBN. This channel, was Studio 23. In the lead-up to the launch, ABS-CBN acquired the rights to many syndicated [[United States|US]] imports, such as [[Wheel of Fortune (US game show)|Wheel of Fortune]] and [[The Oprah Winfrey Show]].

The flagship station, [[DWAC-TV]] owned by the [[AMCARA Broadcasting Network]], signed on about a month before the launch of Studio 23, simulcasting [[MTV Southeast Asia|MTV Asia]]. Studio 23 was officially launched on October 12, 1996, but as a timeshare with MTV Asia aired during the daytime, with Studio 23 programming taking over in the primetime hours. The first program aired on launch night was the movie ''[[The Bodyguard (1992 film)|The Bodyguard]]''. Two days later on October 14, 1996, ''News 23'' premiered, Studio 23's news program produced by [[ABS-CBN News & Current Affairs]]. On January 1, 2001, ABS-CBN severed their ties with MTV Asia, and Studio 23 gained total control of DWAC-TV. MTV moved to [[DWNB-TV]] after the change and relaunched as [[MTV Philippines]]. In 2003, Studio 23 had simulcasted with [[DWWX-TV|ABS-CBN Channel 2]] and it lasted within a few months.

Studio 23's programming has evolved from being "upscale" (as suggested by their previous slogan as the "Premium Network"), to aimed more at the youth and young adult demographics. The network still airs a multitude of US imports, but Studio 23 also airs original programming, such as spinoffs and supplemental programming for shows aired on the main ABS-CBN network, such as [[Pinoy Dream Academy]] and [[Pinoy Big Brother]]. The network has won numerous awards from various groups, such as a silver medal in the Print category at the 2006 [[Promax Awards]]. Its flagship program, the talk show [[Y Speak]], has also won numerous awards and accolades.<ref>[http://alpha.studio23.tv/tabid/65/Default.aspx Studio 23 About Us/History Via www.studio23.tv]</ref> In 2010, The network was rebranded from English back to Taglish/Tagalog used in 2004.

Studio 23 has announced, on its 17-year broadcast, that it will be ceasing its commercial operations on the night of Thursday, January 16, 2014 right after its final programs [[Myx]] and [[O Shopping]]. It will be replaced with a launching of ABS-CBN's newest sports channel on Free TV, [[ABS-CBN Sports+Action|ABS-CBN Sports & Action]] (programming will be 75% sporting events and 25% movies/entertainment/newscast) effective January 18, 2014. <ref>http://www.spin.ph/sports/multi-sport-events/news/studio-23-to-become-an-all-sports-channel-on-free-tv-after-reformatting</ref> <ref>http://m.spin.ph/sports/basketball/news/after-launch-of-sports-channel-abs-cbn-official-says-pba-games-an-enticing-content</ref> <ref>http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/sports/01/16/14/abs-cbn-launches-new-sports-channel</ref>

==Slogans==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Branding
! Slogan
! Years in use
|-
| Studio 23
| Premium Network We're here to give you primetime
| October 12, 1996 – April 4, 1999
|-
| Studio 23
| This is My Channel!
| April 5, 1999 – January 20, 2001
|-
| Studio 23
| Cool TV
| January 21, 2001 – September 30, 2002
|-
| Studio 23
| Watch U Want!
| October 1, 2002 – April 10, 2004
|-
| Studio 23
| KaBarkada Mo!
| April 11, 2004 – January 9, 2009
|-
| Studio 23
| Get It Here!
| January 10, 2009 – July 31, 2010
|-
| Studio 23
| IbaKaBarkada!
| August 1, 2010 - January 16, 2014
|}

==Programs==
{{main|List of programs aired by ABS-CBN Sports+Action/Studio 23}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Websites==
* [http://www.studio23.tv/ Studio 23 Official Site]
* [http://studio23.multiply.com/ Official Multiply Site]
* {{facebook|s23channel}}
* {{twitter|s23channel}}
*{{YouTube|user= s23channel}}

{{ABS-CBN}}
{{Television in the Philippines}}

[[Category:ABS-CBN Corporation]]
[[Category:Studio 23 stations| ]]
[[Category:Philippine television networks]]
[[Category:Television channels and stations established in 1996]]
[[Category:Television channels and stations disestablished in 2014]]

Talk:List of programs aired by ABS-CBN Sports and Action

2014-01-17T23:12:44Z

Renamed user 042531102: Blaster0425 moved page Talk:List of programs aired by ABS-CBN Sports+Action to Talk:List of programs aired by ABS-CBN Sports+Action/Studio 23

#REDIRECT [[Talk:List of programs aired by ABS-CBN Sports+Action/Studio 23]]
{{R from move}}

Talk:List of programs broadcast by Studio 23

2014-01-17T23:12:44Z

Renamed user 042531102: Blaster0425 moved page Talk:List of programs aired by ABS-CBN Sports+Action to Talk:List of programs aired by ABS-CBN Sports+Action/Studio 23

{{WPPhilippines|class=Start|importance=Low}}

==Warning==
They could be defunct shows will cannot airing for those will be our not airing for the defunct TV shows. — Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Coyote wadi|Coyote wadi]] ([[User talk:Coyote wadi|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Coyote wadi|contribs]]) 08:14, 24 May 2013 (UTC)

List of programs aired by ABS-CBN Sports and Action

2014-01-17T23:12:43Z

Renamed user 042531102: Blaster0425 moved page List of programs aired by ABS-CBN Sports+Action to List of programs aired by ABS-CBN Sports+Action/Studio 23

#REDIRECT [[List of programs aired by ABS-CBN Sports+Action/Studio 23]]
{{R from move}}

List of programs broadcast by Studio 23

2014-01-17T23:12:42Z

Renamed user 042531102: Blaster0425 moved page List of programs aired by ABS-CBN Sports+Action to List of programs aired by ABS-CBN Sports+Action/Studio 23

{{Article for deletion/dated|page=List of programs aired by ABS-CBN Sports+Action|timestamp=20140117134044|year=2014|month=January|day=17|substed=yes}}


{{orphan|date=July 2013}}

Below is a partial list of shows that were previously aired on [[Philippines|Philippine]] television network, '''''[[ABS-CBN Sports+Action]]''''' (including [[Studio 23]]). For the current programs which are airing, see ''[[List of programs broadcast by ABS-CBN Sports+Action]]''.

==Local defunct shows==
* ''[[6underground]] Live & Raw''
* ''[[The 700 Club Asia]]'' (2003–2006)
* ''Agri Business: How It Works'' (2013-2014)
* ''Ang Boyfriend Ko''
* ''Ano bang Trip Mo?''
* ''ANC Presents: Harapan 2013'' (2013)
* ''Asenso Pinoy'' (2013-2014)
* ''Asian Formula 3''
* ''Auto Extreme''
* ''Balitang Bayan: Halalan 2013'' (2013)
* ''Belo Beauty 101'' (2008–2009)
* ''[[Bilis Balita]]'' (2011-2014)
* ''Bites & Beyond''
* ''[[Bottomline|The Bottomline with Boy Abunda]]''
* ''[[Breakfast (TV series)|Breakfast]]'' (2001-2007)
* ''[[BKTV]]''
* ''Badminton TV''
* ''Barkada Nights''
* ''Barkada Nights Plus''
* ''Barkada Trip'' (2004–2009)
* ''Behind the Brand: The Philippine Fashion Week TV''
* ''Biyeheng Bulilit''
* ''BLOG (Barkada Log)''
* ''[[Bottomline]] with Boy Abunda''
* ''Career Jam: Served with Bread n' Butter''
* ''Channel Club Kids''
* ''Chef's On The Go''
* ''Chooks to Go Sayaw Fever: The Php 1M Chicken Dance Showdown
* ''Crissa Digital Dance Synergy Year 8'' (2013)
* ''Citiline'' (2001–2003)
* ''Chismix''
* ''[[Cory Quirino|The Cory Quirino Show]]''
* ''[[Da Adventures of Pedro Penduko]]'' and ''[[Pedro Penduko at ang mga Engkantao]]''
* ''Digital Photo Plus''
* ''[[Digital Tour]]'' (1999–2007)
* ''[[DZMM|Dos Por Dos]]'' (2010-2012) (discontinued; now broadcast on [[DZMM TeleRadyo]])
* ''Dream Date''
* ''ETZ (Eco Travel Zone)'' (2010-2011)
* ''[[Ryan Bang|3oW PoWHz (Eow Powhz - Hello Po)]]'' (2010–2011)
* ''[[Ryan Bang|EsKWELAHAN ni Ryan Bang]]'' (2011-2013)
* ''Everybody Can Cook''
* ''F'' (2004-2006)
* ''[[Family Rosary Crusade (TV program)|Family Rosary Crusade]]'' (2003-2014)
* ''Field Trip''
* ''Filipino Poker Tour''
* ''[[Fernando Poe, Jr.|FPJ: Ang Nagiisang Alamat (also as FPJ: Hari ng Pelikula)]]'' (2012 as Barkada Nights: FPJ sa Studio 23; 2013-2014)
* ''[[Friends Again (TV series)|Friends Again]]'' (2008-2014)
* ''Gag Ito!'' (2006–2007)
* ''Gag U!'' (2012-2014)
* ''Gameday Weekend with Rexona'' (2013)
* ''Gameplan'' (1999–2007)
* ''Game On!: The Chevrolet Sonic Celebrity Challenge'' (2013)
* ''Generation RX''
* ''[[Cory Quirino|The Good Life with Cory Quirino]]''
* ''[[Good Times with Mo]]
* ''Gourmet Everyday''
* ''Guide To Urban Living'' (2000-2002) (formerly [[ABS-CBN]] 1960-1972)
* ''Gusto Ko Maging Beauty Queen''
* ''Hardcore Brothers Easy Ride''
* ''Healing Mass: A Mass for the Homebound (produced by Rivers of Living Water (now ACTS) Catholic Community)''
* ''Health Republic''
* ''Hotwire''
* ''[[Iba-Balita |Iba-Balita ni Anthony Taberna]]'' (2010-2014)
* ''[[Iba-Balita Ngayon]]'' (2011–2012)
* ''I Got It!''
* ''Idol (ALA Promotions)'' (2013)
* ''In Fitness & In Health''
* ''It's A Guy Thing''
* ''[[It's Showtime (variety show)|It's Showtime]]'' (2012) (simulcast from [[ABS-CBN]])
* ''[[Jeepney TV]]'' (2013-2014)
** ''Abangan ang Susunod na Kabanata''
** ''Arriba! Arriba!''
** ''Bida Si Mister, Bida Si Misis''
** ''Chika Chika Chicks''
** ''Goin' Bananas''
** ''Home Along Da Riles''
** ''Oki Doki Doc''
** ''Ok Fine Whatever''
** ''Pwedeng Pwede''
** ''Super Laff-In''
** ''Whattamen''
* ''Jobs TV''
* ''K-High''
* ''[[Kabarkada, Break The Bank]] (2007)
* ''Kidz Rule'' (2005–2009)
* ''Kiss The Cook'' (2007–2008)
* ''Lactacyd CofiDance Hip-Hop Challenge'' (2010)
* ''Lactacyd CofiDance Mash-Up'' (2011)
* ''Lactacyd Confidence Confidance Mash-Up 2012'' (2012)
* ''[[Cory Quirino|Life Without Borders with Cory Quirino]]''
* ''Look Who's Cooking
* ''Lunch Box Office''
* ''Man and Machine (2008-2009)
* ''Mano-Mano ni Anthony Taberna'' (2012-2013)
* ''Mashita Masarap''
* ''Math-Tinik''
* ''Men's Room''
* ''[[Melason|Melason: In Love & Promdi Heart]]'' (2009)
* ''MOG TV''
* ''Moms on the Go''
* ''[[Music Uplate Live|M. U. on Studio 23]]'' (2011)
* ''[[My Girl (Philippine TV series)|My Girl: One More Time]]''
* ''[[MYX]]'' (2000-2014) (discontinued; now broadcast on 24/7 cable & sattelite)
* ''[[National Collegiate Athletic Association (Philippines)|NCAA Games (Basketball & Volleyball)]]'' (2002–2011)
* ''[[News 23]]'' (1996–1999)
* ''[[News Bites]]'' (1999-2010)
* ''[[News Central (Philippine TV program)|News Central]]'' (1999–2010)
* ''News Central Morning Edition'' (2005)
* ''[[Nginiig|Nginiiig: Paranormal Investigation]]''
* ''[[O Shopping]]'' (2013-2014)
* ''On CAM: Kabalikat''
* ''Only in Pinas''
* ''Pabida Ka!'' (2010–2011)
* ''Pamana''
* ''Paradigm Chef''
* ''Pet Ko!'' (2005)
* ''Philippine Realty TV''
* ''[[Pilipinas Got Talent]]'' (2010)
* ''[[Pinoy Big Brother (season 1)|Pinoy Big Brother Season 1 on Studio 23]]''
* ''[[Pinoy Big Brother: Celebrity Edition 1|Pinoy Big Brother Celebrity Edition 1 on Studio 23]]''
* ''[[Pinoy Big Brother: Teen Edition|Pinoy Big Brother Teen Edition on Studio 23]]''
* ''[[Pinoy Big Brother (season 2)|Pinoy Big Brother Season 2 on Studio 23]]''
* ''[[Pinoy Big Brother: Celebrity Edition 2|Pinoy Big Brother Celebrity Edition 2 on Studio 23]]''
* ''[[Pinoy Big Brother: Double Up|Pinoy Big Brother Double Up:Primetime Weekends]]''
* ''[[Pinoy Big Brother: Double Up|Pinoy Big Brother Double Up:Raw Daily Excusives on Studio 23]]''
* ''[[Pinoy Big Brother: Teen Clash 2010|Pinoy Big Brother Teen Clash 2010: Live Feeds]]'' (2010)
* ''[[Pinoy Dream Academy|Pinoy Dream Academy on Studio 23]]''
* ''[[Pinoy Dream Academy (season 2)|Pinoy Dream Academy season 2 Live Streaming]]''
* ''[[Pinoy Fear Factor|Pinoy Fear Factor: Special Edition]]''
* ''Pinoy Sports Idols''
* ''Pinoy T.A.L.K.''
* ''[[Points of View]]''
* ''Promdi Chef''
* ''Punchtime''
* ''Quick-E'' (2009–2010)
* ''Reality World''
* ''[[Rivermaya|Rivermaya: Bagong Liwanag]]'' (2007)
* ''Royal Tru Orange Kulitada in Dopple Trouble'' (2013)
* ''[[DZMM|Radyo Patrol Balita Alas-Siyete]]'' (2010-2011) (discontinued; now broadcast on [[DZMM TeleRadyo]])
* ''Rush TV: Atin 'to!'' (2008)
* ''Sabado Boys''
* ''Sabong TV''
* ''Sagupaan''
* ''[[University Athletic Association of the Philippines|Samsung UAAP Sports Center]]''
* ''[[National Collegiate Athletic Association (Philippines)|Samsung NCAA College Hoops]]''
* ''San Miguel Purefoods: Kwentong Kusina, Kwentong Buhay'' (2013)
* ''SBX: Super Barkadahan Exclusive''
* ''Sel-J Sports: Motorcross TV''
* ''Sineskwela''
* ''[[Slipstream]]''
* ''[[Chevrolet Spark|Sparkada Trip]]'' (together with [[Chevrolet]], 2011)
* ''[[S.O.C.O. (Scene of the Crime Operatives)]]''
* ''[[Spirits (TV series)|Spirits]]''
* ''Sports Bites'' (2010-2011)
* ''Sports Kidz''
* ''[[Sports Report]]''
* ''Sports TV''
* ''[[Sports Unlimited|Sports Unlimited Rewind]]'' (2011)
* ''[[Star Cinema|Star Cinema Presents]]'' (2013)
* ''Stoplight TV''
* ''[[Strangebrew]]''
* ''Studio 23 Presents''
* ''Sunday LBO''
* ''Sunday Night Blockbusters''
* ''[[Super Inggo]]'' (2012-2013)
* ''Supermodel''
* ''T.A.G. Show''
* ''Tablescapes... Life on a Plate''
* ''Taekwondo TV''
* ''TalkActive TV with Kate Galang Coseteng''
* ''[[Tanduay|Tanduay Rhum On The Rock]]
* ''Team Explorer''
* ''Thumbs Up!''
* ''Thunderbird Sabong Nation'' (2013-2014)
* ''[[Touch Mobile|TM Rapublika Battle]]'' (2012-2013)
* ''[[Cory Quirino|This is Life with Cory Quirino]]''
* ''Travel Time''
* ''[[University Athletic Association of the Philippines|UAAP on Studio 23]]'' (2000–2014)
** ''Men's Basketball'' (Seniors & Juniors)
** ''Women's Basketball''
** ''Men's Football''
** ''Men's Volleyball''
** ''Women's Volleyball''
** ''Men's Softball/Baseball''
** ''Badminton''
** ''Tennis''
* ''[[Us Girls (Philippine TV program)|Us Girls]]'' (2006–2012)
* ''Usapang Lalake'' (2010–2012)
* ''Vice Ink''
* ''[[Wazzup Wazzup]]'' (2004–2007)
* ''WCG TV''
* ''Welcome Home''
* ''What Would You Do?''
* ''Where's Tony?''
* ''Why Not!''
* ''The Word Exposed with Luis Antonio Cardinal Tagle'' (2011-2014)
* ''WOW - What's on Weekend''
* ''The Wrap'' (2010–2011)
* ''[[XXX: Exklusibong, Explosibong, Exposé]]''
* ''[[Y Speak]]'' (2005–2010)
* ''Yamaha SZ16 Adventure Challenge'' (2013)
* ''Yamaha Yey!'' (2010–2011)

==Foreign defunct shows==
=== American ===
* ''[[24 (TV series)|24]]''
* ''[[7th Heaven (TV series)|7th Heaven]]''
* ''[[90210 (TV series)|90210]]'' (Seasons 1 & 2)
* ''[[Accidentally on Purpose (TV series)|Accidentally on Purpose]]''
* ''[[Alias (TV series)|Alias]]''
* ''[[Armor of God]]''
* ''[[America's Next Top Model]]'' (Cycles [[America's Next Top Model, Cycle 1|1]]-[[America's Next Top Model, Cycle 4|4]])
* ''[[Andromeda (TV series)|Andromeda]]''
* ''[[Angel (TV series)|Angel]]''
* ''[[Are You Afraid of the Dark?]]''
* ''[[Batman (TV series)|Batman]]''
* ''[[Baywatch]]''
* ''[[Bette (TV series)|Bette]]''
* ''[[Beverly Hills, 90210]]''
* ''[[Bewitched]]''
* ''[[Boston Common (TV series)|Boston Common]]''
* ''[[Born Free (TV Series)|Born Free]]''
* ''[[Boston Public]]
* ''[[Brothers & Sisters (2006 TV series)|Brothers & Sisters]]'' (Seasons 1 to 4)
* ''[[Brooklyn South]]
* ''[[Buffy the Vampire Slayer (TV series)|Buffy the Vampire Slayer]]
* ''[[Castle (TV series)|Castle]]'' (Season 1)
* ''[[Charmed]]''
* ''[[Cheerleader Nation]]
* ''[[Combat Missions]]
* ''[[Criminal Minds]]'' (Seasons 1 & 2)
* ''[[CSI: Crime Scene Investigation]]'' (Seasons 1 to 11)
* ''[[Drug Enforcement Administration|D. E. A.]]''
* ''[[Dark Angel (TV Series)|Dark Angel]]
* ''[[Dark Skies]]
* ''[[Dating Game]]''
* ''[[Dawson's Creek]]''
* ''[[Days of our Lives]]''
* ''[[Desperate Housewives]]''
* ''[[Dirty Sexy Money]]''
* ''[[Early Edition]]''
* ''[[EZ Streets]]''
* ''[[Fallen (TV miniseries)|Fallen]]''
* ''[[Famous Crime Scene]]''
* ''[[Fantasy Island]]''
* ''[[Fastlane (TV series)|Fastlane]]''
* ''[[Fear Itself (TV series)|Fear Itself]]''
* ''[[FightBox]]''
* ''[[Fist of Zen]]'' (2012)
* ''[[Flash Forward]]''
* ''[[Flash Gordon (2007 TV series)|Flash Gordon]]''
* ''[[Flipper (1995 TV series)|Flipper]]''
* ''[[Fraiser (TV series)|Frasier]]''
* ''Future Quest''
* ''[[Ghost Hunters]]''
* ''[[Ghost Whisperer]]''
* ''[[Gilmore Girls]]''
* ''[[Goosebumps (TV series)|Goosebumps]]''
* ''[[Grey's Anatomy]]'' (Seasons 1 to 8)
* ''[[Hang Time (TV series)|Hang Time]]''
* ''[[Harper's Island]]''
* ''[[Highlander: The Series|Highlander]]''
* ''[[I Dream of Jeannie]]''
* ''[[Inside Edition]]''
* ''[[Jack & Bobby]]''
* ''[[Jack & Jill (TV series)|Jack & Jill]]''
* ''[[Joey (TV series)|Joey]]''
* ''[[Justice (TV series)|Justice]]''
* ''[[Just Shoot Me!]]''
* ''[[Kid Nation]]''
* ''[[Kindred the Embraced]]''
* ''[[Kyle XY]]''
* ''[[Las Vegas (TV series)|Las Vegas]]''
* ''[[Late Show with David Letterman]]''
* ''[[Legend of the Seeker]]''
* ''[[Life As We Know It (TV series)|Life As We Know It]]''
* ''[[Living With Fran]]''
* ''[[Lost (TV series)|Lost]]''
* ''[[Love Boat: The Next Wave]]''
* ''[[Mad About You]]''
* ''Meet the Marks''
* ''[[Melrose Place (1992 TV series)|Melrose Place]]''
* ''[[Missing (2012 TV series)|Missing]]''
* ''[[Monster Jam]]''
* ''[[Murphy Brown]]''
* ''[[Mr. Bean]]''
* ''[[Music Television|MTV Asia]]''
* ''[[Murder (TV series)|Murder]]''
* ''[[My So Called Life]]''
* ''[[NBA Action]]'' (2011-2014)
* ''[[National Basketball Association|NBA on Studio 23]]'' (2011-2014)
* ''[[NCIS (TV series)|NCIS]]''
* ''[[NCIS: Los Angeles]]'' (Seasons 1 to 3)
* ''[[National Football League|NFL on Studio 23]]''
* ''[[Newlywed Game]]''
* ''[[Night Visions (TV series)|Night Visions]]''
* ''[[Night Stand with Dick Dietrick]]''
* ''[[Nitro Circus]]'' (2012)
* ''[[No Ordinary Family]]''
* ''[[Northern Exposure]]''
* ''[[Nowhere Man (TV series)|Nowhere Man]]''
* ''[[NUMB3RS]]''
* ''[[Off the Map (TV series)|Off The Map]]''
* ''[[Once Upon a Time (TV series)|Once Upon a Time]]'' (Season 1)
* ''[[Party Of Five]]''
* ''[[Pearl (TV series)|Pearl]]''
* ''Pinks All Out''
* ''[[Playing It Straight]]''
* ''[[Point Pleasant (TV series)|Point Pleasant]]''
* ''[[Popular (TV series)|Popular]]''
* ''[[Power Rangers: Jungle Fury]]''
* ''[[Power Rangers: Mystic Force]]''
* ''[[Power Rangers: Operation Overdrive]]''
* ''[[Power Rangers: RPM]]''
* ''[[Power Rangers Samurai]]''
* ''Primetime Crime''
* ''[[Private Practice (TV series)|Private Practice]]''
* ''[[Rachael Ray (TV series)|Rachael Ray]]''
* ''[[Reaper (TV series)|Reaper]]''
* ''[[ReGenesis]]''
* ''[[National Basketball Association|Real NBA]]''
* ''Reel Deal'' (Movie in the Making)
* ''[[Relativity (TV series)|Relativity]]''
* ''[[Revenge (TV series)|Revenge]]'' (Season 1)
* ''[[Rules of Engagement (TV series)|Rules of Engagement]]''
* ''[[Samantha Who?]]''
* ''[[Savannah (TV series)|Savannah]]
* ''[[Saved by the Bell]]''
* ''[[Scandal (TV series)|Scandal]]'' (Season 1)
* ''[[Scrubs (TV series)|Scrubs]]''
* ''[[She's Got the Look]]'' (Season 1)
* ''[[Smallville]]''
* ''[[Smart Guy]]''
* ''[[Snoops (1999 TV series)|Snoops]]
* ''[[Something So Right (TV series)|Something So Right]]''
* ''[[Spin City]]''
* ''[[Stacked]]''
* ''[[Stargate: Atlantis]]''
* ''[[Sunset Beach (TV series)|Sunset Beach]]''
* ''[[Supernatural (TV series)|Supernatural]]'' (Seasons 1 to 6)
* ''[[Survivor (US TV series)|Survivor]]'' ([[Survivor: Borneo|Borneo]] to [[Survivor: Cook Islands|Cook Islands]])
* ''[[The 4400]]''
* ''[[The Agency (2001 TV series)|The Agency]]''
* ''[[The Amazing Race (US TV series)|The Amazing Race]]'' (Seasons 3-18)
* ''[[The Bachelor (US TV series)|The Bachelor]]''
* ''[[The Bachelorette]]''
* ''The Big Easy''
* ''[[The Century]]''
* ''[[The Contender (TV series)|The Contender]]''
* ''[[The District]]''
* ''[[The Doctors (2008 TV series)|The Doctors]]''
* ''[[The Green Hornet]]''
* ''[[The Journey of Allen Strange]]''
* ''The Key Of David''
* ''[[The Lost Room]]''
* ''[[The Nanny (TV series)|The Nanny]]''
* ''[[The Oprah Winfrey Show|Oprah]]''
* ''[[The Others (TV series)|The Others]]''
* ''[[The River (U.S. TV series)|The River]]''
* ''[[The Secret World of Alex Mack]]''
* ''[[The Swan (TV series)|The Swan]]''
* ''[[The Three Stooges]]''
* ''[[The Voice (U.S. TV series)|The Voice U.S.]]'' (Season 2)
* ''[[The West Wing (TV series)|The West Wing]]''
* ''[[The X Factor (U.S.)]]'' (Seasons 1-3)
* ''[[Thieves]]
* ''[[Timecop (TV series)|Time Cop]]
* ''[[Time of Your Life (TV series)|Time of Your Life]]
* ''[[Top Of The Pops]]''
* ''[[Tru Calling]]''
* ''[[The Twilight Zone (1959 TV series)|The Twilight Zone]]''
* ''[[Two and a Half Men]]''
* ''[[Two of a Kind (US TV series)|Two of a Kind]]''
* ''U.C. Undercover''
* ''[[Ultimate Fighting Championship|UFC Countdown Primers]]''
* ''[[Ultimate Fighting Championship|UFC Unleashed]]''
* ''[[Ultimate Fighting Championship|UFC Wired]]''
* ''[[USA High]]''
* ''[[Ugly Betty]]''
* ''[[Vanished]]''
* ''[[Veronica's Closet]]''
* ''[[The Voice (U.S. season 2)]]''
* ''[[Wasteland (TV series)|Wasteland]]
* ''[[Will & Grace]]
* ''[[Wishbone (TV series)|Wishbone]]
* ''World's Craziest Videos''
* ''[[World's Wildest Police Videos]]''
* ''[[Worst Week]]''
* ''[[WWE NXT]]'' (2011-2014)
* ''[[WWE Raw]]'' (2011-2014)
* ''[[WWE Superstars]]'' (2011-2014)
* ''[[The X-Files]]''
* ''[[Young Americans (TV series)|Young Americans]]''

===British===
* ''[[Doctor Who]]''
* ''Thomas & Friends''
* ''[[Top Gear (current format)|Top Gear]]''

=== Telenovelas ===
* ''[[Un gancho al corazón|A Blow to the Heart]]''
* ''[[¿Dónde Está Elisa?]]'' ([[Telemundo]] version)
* ''Finding Rodrigo''

=== Asian ===
* ''[[Asia's Next Top Model]]'' (Season 1) (2012; moved to [[TV5 (Philippines)|TV5]])
* ''Butterfly Fly Fly''
* ''[[Boys Over Flowers (TV series)|Boys Over Flowers]]''
* ''[[Chu, Chu, My Daddy]]''
* ''[[Dream (TV series)|Dream]]''
* ''[[Dream High]]''
* ''[[Fireworks (2006 TV series)|Fireworks]]''
* ''[[Forbidden Love (TV series)|Forbidden Love]]''
* ''Football Asia''
* ''[[Four Sisters]]''
* ''[[Green Rose]]''
* ''[[You're Beautiful (TV series)|He's Beautiful]]''
* ''[[Heartstrings (TV series)|Heartstrings]]''
* ''[[Honey and Clover]]''
* ''[[Hot Shot (Taiwan TV series)|Hot Shot]]''
* ''[[I Am Legend (TV series)|I Am Legend]]''
* ''[[I Survived a Japanese Game Show]]''
* ''[[It Started With a Kiss (TV series)|It Started With A Kiss]]''
* ''[[The Kitchen Musical]]'' (2011)
* ''[[KO One]]''
* ''[[Love at First Fight]]''
* ''[[Boy and Girl|Love in the City]]''
* ''[[Lovers (TV series)|Lovers]]''
* ''[[Kamen Rider Ryuki|Masked Rider Ryuki]]''
* ''[[Mary Stayed Out All Night|Marry Me, Mary!]]''
* ''[[Miss No Good]]''
* ''[[My Girl (2005 TV series)|My Girl]]''
* ''[[My Girlfriend Is a Nine-Tailed Fox|My Girlfriend is a Gumiho]]''
* ''[[My Princess (TV series)|My Pincess]]''
* ''Mischievous Princess''
* ''[[Only You (2005 TV series)|Only You]]''
* ''[[Personal Taste|Perfect Match]]''
* ''Precious Time''
* ''[[Prince Hours]]''
* ''[[Princess Hours]]''
* ''[[Princess Lulu]]''
* ''[[Rolling Love]]''
* ''[[Romantic Princess]]''
* ''[[Save the Last Dance for Me (TV series)|Save The Last Dance For Me]]''
* ''[[Smile Again (2006 TV series)|Smile Again]]''
* ''[[1% of Anything|Something About 1%]]''
* ''[[Spring Waltz]]''
* ''[[Summer x Summer]]''
* ''[[Sungkyunkwan Scandal]]''
* ''[[Sunlight Pours Down|Sunshine of Love]]''
* ''[[The Biggest Loser Asia (season 1)|The Biggest Loser Asia]]''
* ''The Truth''
* ''[[The X-Family]]''
* ''[[They Kiss Again]]''
* ''[[Three Brothers (TV series)|Three Brothers]]''
* ''[[One Mom and Three Dads|Three Dads with One Mommy]]''
* ''[[Ultraman Max]]''
* ''[[Which Star Are You From]]''
* ''[[The Hospital (TV series)|White Tower]]''
* ''[[Why Why Love]]''

==Animated defunct series==

===Western Animation, Chinese Animation & Japanese Anime===
* ''[[6teen]]'' (Season 1 only)
* ''Action Man [[A.T.O.M.]]: Alpha Teens on Machines''
* ''[[The Adventures of Peter Pan]]'' (2007 redubbed)
* ''[[Little Women|Ai no Wakakusa Monogatari]]'' (anime series known as "Little Women")
* ''[[Akazukin Cha Cha]]'' (2007 redubbed)
* ''[[Animal Yokochō|Ani-Yoko]]''
* ''Akuei & Gatchinpo''
* ''[[Angelic Layer]]''
* ''[[Astro Boy (2003 TV series)|Astroboy]]''
* ''[[Bakegyamon]]''
* ''Barkada Trip''
* ''[[Batman Beyond]]''
* ''[[Batman: The Animated Series]]''
* ''Beyblade Series''
** ''[[Beyblade]]''
** ''[[Beyblade V-Force]]''
** ''[[Beyblade G-Revolution]]''
* ''[[Blood Plus]]''
* ''[[Blue Dragon]]''
* ''[[Chaotic (TV series)|Chaotic]]''
* ''[[Cinderella Monogatari|Cinderella]]''
* ''[[Cooking Master Boy]]''
* ''[[Ai no Gakko Cuore Monogatari|Cuore]]''
* ''[[Dexter's Laboratory]]''
* ''[[Dear Boys]]''
* ''Digimon'' series
** ''[[Digimon Adventures]]''
** ''[[Digimon Tamers]]''
** ''[[Digimon Frontier]]''
** ''[[Digimon Savers]]'' (also known as "Digimon Data Squad")
* ''[[Dragon Booster]]''
* ''[[Duel Masters]]''
* ''[[Eureka Seven]]''
* ''[[Eyeshield 21]]'' (Seasons 1 & 2)
* ''[[Fairy Musketeers]]''
* ''Fairy Tale Police District''
* ''[[Fantastic Children]]''
* ''[[Fantastic Four (2006 TV series)|Fantastic Four]]''
* ''[[Futurama]]''
* ''Galaxy Racers''
* ''[[Gallery Fake]]''
* ''[[Get Backers]]''
* ''[[Gun X Sword]]''
* ''[[Gundam Seed]]''
* ''[[Gundam Seed Destiny]]''
* ''[[Gunparade March]]''
* ''[[Hey Joel]]''
* ''Hoyt n' Andy's Sportsbender''
* ''Huckleberry Finn Monogatari'' (known as "The Adventures of Huck Finn (1994 version)")
* ''[[Huntik: Secrets & Seekers]]''
* ''[[InuYasha]]''
* ''[[Invasion America]]''
* ''[[Iznogoud]]''
* ''[[Justice League (TV series)|Justice League]]''
* ''[[Justice League Unlimited]]''
* ''[[Kare Kano|His & Her Circumstances]]'' (known as "Tales at North Hills High")
* ''[[Kiba (anime)|Kiba]]''
* ''[[Kirarin Revolution]]''
* ''[[Les Misérables: Shōjo Cosette]]''
* ''[[Little Amadeus]]''
* ''[[Looney Tunes]]''
* ''[[MÄR]]'' (Season 1 only)
* ''Marcelino Pan y Vino''
* ''[[MetaJets]]''
* ''[[Monster Allergy]]''
* ''Monster by Mistake''
* ''[[Seto no Hanayome|My Bride is a Mermaid]]''
* ''[[Negima!]]'' (the [[XEBEC]] version)
* ''[[Negima!?]]'' (the SHAFT version)
* ''[[Night Hood]]''
* ''No Basket''
* ''[[Odd Job Jack]]''
* ''Porfy no Nagai Tabi'' (known as "Mina and Porfy")
* ''[[Postman Pat]]''
* ''[[Princess Resurrection]]''
* ''[[Pucca]]''
* ''[[Rave Master]]''
* ''[[Reborn!]]''
* ''[[Robin Hood no Daibōken]]''
* ''[[Rurouni Kenshin|Samurai X]]''
* ''[[School Rumble]]'' (Seasons 1 & 2)
* ''[[The Secret Garden|Himitsu no Hanazono]]'' (known as "Si Mary at Ang Lihim sa Hardin")
* ''[[Shuriken School]]''
* ''[[Skyland]]''
* ''[[Shirayuki Hime no Densetsu|Snow White]]''
* ''[[Superman: The Animated Series]]''
* ''[[Spider-Man (1994 TV series)|Spider-Man (1994)]]''
* ''[[Soul Eater (manga)|Soul Eater]]''
* ''[[Supa Strikas]]''
* ''Swirl Fighter''
* ''[[Teen Titans (TV series)|Teen Titans]]''
* ''[[Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1987 TV series)|Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles]]''
* ''[[Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Fast Forward]]''
* ''[[The Batman (TV series)|The Batman]]''
* ''[[Transformers: Cybertron]]''
* ''[[Winx Club]]'' (Season 3)
* ''[[W.I.T.C.H.]]''
* ''[[Wolverine and the X-Men (TV series)|Wolverine and the X-Men]]''
* ''[[The Wrong Coast]]''
* ''[[X-Men (TV series)|X-Men: The Animated Series]]''
* ''[[X-Men Evolution]]''
* ''[[Xiaolin Showdown]]''
* ''[[You're Under Arrest! (manga)|You're Under Arrest!]]''
* ''[[Yu-Gi-Oh! (2000 TV series)|Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters]]''
* ''[[Yu-Gi-Oh! GX]]'' (Season 1)
* ''[[Zenki]]''
* ''[[Zoids: Genesis]]''

===[[Nickelodeon (Philippines)|Nickelodeon]]===
* ''[[The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius]]''**
* ''[[Back at the Barnyard]]''
* ''[[CatDog]]''*
* ''[[Catscratch]]''
* ''[[Chalkzone]]''*
* ''[[Danny Phantom]]''*
* ''[[Dora The Explorer]]* (2013)
* ''[[Rocko's Modern Life]]''
* ''[[Rugrats]]''
* ''[[SpongeBob SquarePants]]''**
* ''[[Wonder Pets]]''

(*) - With Nickelodeon on Studio 23 Block and Dubbed in Tagalog-language audio

(**) - Now on [[ABS-CBN]]

==Studio 23 Sports Shows & Specials==
* ''10th IDBF World Dragon Boat Championship'' (October 2011)
* ''14th IAAF World Championship Moscow'' (August 2013)
* ''16th Asian Women's Volleyball Championship'' (2012)
* ''2007 Boxing World Cup'' (Philippines vs. Mexico)
* ''2011 French Open Finals Highlights'' (July 1, 2011)
* ''[[2011 Southeast Asian Games]]: Lakas Pinas''
* ''2013 Asian Youth Games'' (August 27, 2013)
* ''[[2013 Southeast Asian Games]]'' (only aired Men's Basketball, Women's Football and Boxing events)
* ''A Run for the Pasig River'' (2009-2013)
* ''[[ABS-CBN Sports]] presents [[Top Rank Boxing]]''
* ''AFC Champions League Highlights'' (September 2013)
* ''AFC President's Cup''
* ''AFF Suzuki Cup/Long Teng Cup/Kia Rio Cup'' (only aired [[Philippine Azkals]] matches)
* ''Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games'' (July 03, 11, 2013)
* ''Asian 5 Nations Rugby'' (April 15, 18, 21, 25-27, 2012) (only aired [[Philippine Volcanoes]] matches)
* ''Bernard Hopkins vs. Winky Wright'' (July 23, 2007)
* ''Cobra Energy Drink Ironman 70.3 Philippines'' (2011-2013)
* ''Davis Cup Highlights'' (April 2013)
* ''Demolition Day: Nonito Donaire, Jr. vs. Jorge Arce Fight'' (December 17, 2012)
* ''Dream Cup: Philippine Azkals vs. LA Galaxy'' (December 3, 2011)
* ''FIFA Federations Cup'' (June 2013)
* ''FIFA Under 20 World Cup'' (July 2013)
* ''[[2010 FIFA World Cup|FIFA World Cup 2010]]'' (June 13 - July 12, 2010)''(licensed broadcaster, together with [[Balls (TV channel)|Balls]])''
* ''FilOil Flying V Hanes Premier Pre-Season Cup''
* ''FIVB Volleyball World Cup'' (2012-2013)
* ''Football Asia''
* ''[[French Open]]'' (tennis)
* ''Homecoming: Oscar De La Hoya vs. Steve Forbes'' (May 4, 2008)
* ''ICTSI Aboitiz Invitational'' (September 13, 2013)
* ''ICTSI Canlubang Golf Invitational'' (June 7, 2011)
* ''ICTSI Orchard Golf Championship'' (2011)
* ''ICTSI Philippine Open'' (February 12, 2012)
* ''ICTSI Ryder Cup'' (July 5, 2012)
* ''ICTSI The Country Club Invitational and Pro-Am'' (March 15, 2013)
* ''Ilog Pasig Basketball Benefit Game'' (November 20, 2012)
* ''Invasion (Philippines vs. the World)'' (2008)
* ''JBet Queens Cup: Europe vs. Asia'' (2013)
* ''J-League Highlights''
* ''Kapamilya All-Star Basketball Game'' (October 2013)
* ''Kapamilya All-Star Volleyball Game'' (October 2013)
* ''Kopiko 3-in-1 Supercross Series 2013'' (May 26, 2013)
* ''Laban Na Banal Boxing Coverage'' (July 26, 2008)
* ''[[Metropolitan Basketball Association|MBA Games]]'' (1998–2000)
* ''MLS (Major League Soccer) All-Stars vs Manchester United'' (July 25, 2011)
* ''Manny Pacquiao fights''
** ''2006 vs. Erik Morales II''
** ''2006 vs. Óscar Larios''
** ''2006 vs. Erik Morales III''
* ''[[Masters Tournament|The Masters]]'' (2002-2013) (under [[Fox Sports Asia]])
* ''[[NBA All-Star Game|NBA All Star Weekend]]'' (2011-2013)
* ''[[NBA Playoffs]]'' (2011-2013)
* ''[[NBA Finals]]'' (2011-2013)
* ''NBA Global Games Philippines: Houston Rockets vs. Indiana Pacers'' (October 10, 2013) (with [[Basketball TV]])
* ''[[National Collegiate Athletic Association (Philippines)|NCAA Games (Basketball & Volleyball)]]'' (2002–2011)
* ''NFL Super Bowl'' (1996–1998)
* ''Number One-Numero Uno: Floyd Mayweather, Jr. vs. Juan Manuel Márquez'' (September 20, 2009)
* ''Philippine Azkals: Football Friendly Games'' (2011-2013)
* ''[[Philippine Basketball Association]]'' (2011) (under [[Basketball TV]])
* ''[[Philippine Basketball League|PBL on Studio 23]]'' (2003–2007)
* ''Philippine Collegiate Championship League'' (2009-2014)
* ''Philippine Football Peace Cup'' (2012-2013)
* ''Pinoy Pride Fights'' (2010-2013)
* '' Rambulan sa Macau 2: Milan Melindo vs. Juan Francisco Estrada Fight'' (July 28, 2013)
* ''Solaire Philippines Open'' (April 24, 2013)
* ''Taobao World Mixed Doubles'' (August 2012)
* ''The World Awaits Oscar De La Hoya vs. Floyd Mayweather, Jr.'' (May 6, 2007)
* ''[[United Football League (Philippines)|United Football League]]'' (2011)
* ''[[US Open (golf)]]'' (2011-2013) (under [[Fox Sports Asia]])
* ''[[US Open (tennis)]]'' (2008-2013)
* ''UAAP Game of the Week'' (2012)
* ''UAAP/NCAA Bantay Bata All Stars Basketball Games'' (2005–2011)
* ''UAAP/NCAA Opening Ceremonies'' (1998-ongoing)
* ''UAAP Streetdance Competition and Closing Ceremonies'' (2011-ongoing)
* ''[[UEFA Champions League]]'' (2012-2014)
* ''[[UEFA Europa League]]'' (2012-2013)
* ''UEFA Magazine Show''
* ''[[UEFA Super Cup]]'' (2013)
* ''UFC: Ultimate Fighting Championship'' (2005-2013)
* ''[[Ultimate Fighting Championship|UFC Fight Nights]]''
* ''[[Ultimate Fighting Championship|UFC on Fuel TV/FX/Fox]]''
* ''[[Ultimate Fighting Championship|UFC Mayhem]]''
* ''[[Ultimate Fighting Championship|UFC Ultimate Insider]]''
* ''[[The Ultimate Fighter]]''
* ''Vaseline Men Xterra Off Road Triatlon'' (2012-2013)
* ''WBC Welterweight Championship: Floyd Mayweather, Jr. vs. Ricky Hatton'' (December 9, 2007)
* ''[[List of WWE pay-per-view events|WWE pay-per-views]]''
** ''WWE: Battleground''
** ''WWE: Elimination Chamber''
** ''WWE: Extreme Rules''
** ''WWE: Hell in a Cell''
** ''WWE: Money in the Bank''
** ''WWE: Night of the Champions''
** ''WWE: No Way Out''
** ''WWE: Over The Limit''
** ''WWE: Payback''
** ''WWE: Royal Rumble''
** ''WWE: Summer Slam''
** ''WWE: Survivor Series''
** ''WWE: Table Ladders and Chairs''
** ''WWE: Wrestlemania''
* ''Welcome to the Future: Donaire vs. Vasquez, Jr., Chavez vs. Rubio'' (February 5, 2012)
* ''World Featherweight Championship: Yuriokis Gamboa vs. Jorge Solis'' (March 31, 2011)
* ''Yalin World 10-Ball Women's Championship'' (2012-2013)
* ''Z Gorres vs. Luis Melendez'' (November 15, 2009)

==Studio 23 TV Specials==
* ''23 Gifts for Christmas: A Studio 23 Christmas Special'' (December 2009)
** ''Krismas Barkada Karoling: A Studio 23 Christmas Special'' (December 24, 2009)
* ''37th Metro Manila Film Festival Parade of the Stars'' (December 24, 2011)
* ''ABS-CBN Independence Day Flag Raising Ceremony'' (2008-2013)
* ''ABS-CBN News Yearender Reports (2007-2011)
* ''[[Academy Award|Academy Awards "The Oscars"]]'' (2007-2013)
* ''Celebr8: [[Globe Telecom|Globe]] Get Together Special'' (November-December 2000)
* ''Catholic Mass Media Awards''
* ''Chief Justice on Trial: The ANC Special Coverage'' (January-May 2012)
* ''Chinese New Year Countdown Special Live at the Quirino Grandstand'' (2010-2013)
* ''Dance World Cup Latin Philippines'' (December 17, 2011)
* ''DZMM SilveRadyo: The Concert'' (January 1, 2012)
* ''[[Chevrolet Aveo|Game On: The Chevrolet Sonic Celebrity Challenge]]'' (April 6 & 13, 2013; together with [[Chevrolet]])
* ''[[Guys Choice Awards]]'' (2010)
* ''[[Grammy Award|Grammy Awards]]'' (2006-2009)
* ''Halalan: The ABS-CBN Election Coverage'' (2004, 2007, 2010. 2013)
* ''Harapan 2013: The Senatorial Debates'' (April 21, 28, 2013)
* ''Holy Week/Holiday Movie Marathon'' (2006-2013)
* ''Inaguration of President Noynoy Aquino'' (June 30, 2010; together with ABS-CBN News)
* ''iTunes Festival'' (December 24 & December 31, 2012-2013; together with [[Myx]])
* ''KBP Golden Dove Awards'' (2008-2011)
* ''Melason Uber in Love'' (February 2010)
* ''Michael Buble: Home for the Holidays'' (December 22, 2012)
* ''Misa Aguinaldo/Misa de Gallo'' (2009-2012)
* ''Miss Cebu 2014'' (January 15, 2014; aired only on Visayas & Mindanao stations)
* ''MNET Asia Music Awards'' (2011-2013; together with [[Myx]])
* ''[[Miss Universe]]'' (2008-2012)
* ''Mr. and Ms. Hannah's Beach Resort Eco Tourism Ambassadors Pageant'' (June 13, 2013)
* ''Mutya ng Pilipinas 2011'' (December 11, 2011)
* ''Myx Music Awards'' (2006-2013)
* ''National Cheerdancing Championship'' (moved to [[Fox Sports Asia]])
* ''National Quiz Bee'' (2008-2013)
* ''Once in a Lifetime: The Rock vs. John Cena Documentary Special'' (April 3, 2012)
* ''Pilipinas Got Talent Season 1 Finals'' (June 19, 2010)
* ''[[Primetime Emmy Award|Primetime Emmy Awards]]'' (2004-2013)
* ''Rey Misterio sa Pinas'' (August 5, 2012)
* ''Round 2 For Keeps: Nonito & Rachel Donaire Wedding TV Special'' (January 28, 2012)
* ''Sa Dagat at Bundok: The Philippine Biodiversity Expedition'' (April 19, 2012)
* ''Sagwan ng Tagumpay: PHL Dragon Boat Team documentary'' (August 1, 2011)
* ''Salamat, Tito Dolphy News Coverage'' (July 2012)
* ''Samsung UAAP Cheerdance Competition'' (2002–2013)
* ''Slimmer's World Miss Bikini Philippines 2013'' (May 16, 2013)
* ''Search For SM Little Stars'' (2010-2013)
* ''State of the Nation Address'' (carrying ANC)
* ''Tambayan OPM Awards 2012'' (July 13, 2012)
* ''The Making of the Sound of Music'' (April 1, 2012)
* ''[[1DOL|The Making of 1DOL/1DOL 1st Episode]]'' (September 6, 2010)
* ''The Voice of Mcdonald's Grand Finals'' (June 14, 2013)
* ''[[Teen Choice Awards]]'' (2002–2012)
* ''[[Tournament of Roses Parade]]'' (2008-2014, on New Year's Day)
* ''UFC sa ABS-CBN: Mark Munoz: The Filipino Fighter'' (June-July 2012)
* ''U2 360 Concert Live at the Rose Bowl'' (May 19, 2010)
* ''Victoria's Secret Fashion Show 2010'' (September 6, 2011)
* ''Y Speak's Campaigns 2010: A Youth Leadership Forum'' (October 24, 2009)
* ''Zoren-Carmina: Always Forever, A Wedding Like No Other TV Special'' (December 22, 2012)

==See also==
* [[Studio 23]]

==References==
{{More footnotes|date=July 2009}}
{{reflist}}
*2.[http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/storypage.aspx?StoryId=123931abs-cbnnews.com, Studio 23 launches new shows]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Studio 23}}
[[Category:Lists of television series by network]]
[[Category:ABS-CBN Corporation]]

Wikipedia:Long-term abuse/Bertrand101

2014-01-17T11:33:21Z

Renamed user 042531102:

__NOTOC__
{{Infobox vandal
| name = Bertrand101
| shortcut =
| image = Counter Vandalism Unit.png
| Originalname = None
| lifespan = 2008 - present
| ISP = Various; most likely to be [[PLDT]], [[Digitel]] or [[Globe Telecom]] IPs
| IPs = Various
| hostmasks =
| location = Santiago, Isabela, [[Philippines]]
| severity = Medium-High
| RFCs =
| RFARs =
| Instructions = Suspected [[Wikipedia:Sock puppetry|socks]] should be tagged and reported to [[Wikipedia:Sockpuppet investigations|sockpuppet investigations]] for confirmation. When reporting, please link to this long-term abuse report. When the active abuse has been taken care of, please update this report with the latest information.
| status = Active
}}

Please report all ongoing incidents of abuse to [[WP:AIV|AIV]] or [[WP:ANI|ANI]].

==Basic information==
{{Vandal-m|Bertrand101}}
[http://en.wikichecker.com/user/?l=all&t=Bertrand101 Comprehensive edits analysis]
''Bertrand101'' is a long-term Wikipedia vandal who adds hoax information on several Philippine-media related articles. They began vandalizing in Wikipedia in 2008, using different IP addresses and finally creating their first account (Bertrand 101) on July 2011.

The user is banned following a [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Administrators%27_noticeboard/Incidents&diff=prev&oldid=487828189 discussion at ANI].

 


===Targeted areas, pages, themes===

*[[Us Girls (Philippine TV program)]]
*[[Banahaw Broadcasting Corporation]]
*Rey 'PJ' Abellana
*Bonoy Gonzaga (or Carlito Gonzaga)
*Crisanta "Mommy Pinty" Gonzaga
*Santiago, Isabela
*[[Audiovisual Communicators, Inc.]]
*Pangarap Kong Jackpot
*[[Raven Broadcasting Corporation]]
*[[DWAC-TV]]
*[[Bert Marcelo]]
*[[Armida Siguion-Reyna]]
*[[Mel Tiangco]]
*List of Philippine radio/television stations either by region or by ownership/affiliation.
*Any particular Filipino artist that became popular during the 1980's

===Habitual behavior===


#Edits the [[Us Girls (Philippine TV program)]] article, a defunct television show aired on [[Studio 23]] (a defunct TV network) from 2006 to 2012, changing the first air date from 2006 to 1975, removing [[Studio 23]] and replacing it with [[Banahaw Broadcasting Corporation]] (a defunct TV network) as the show's original channel, adding hoax versions of this program, usually ''Us Girls Kids Edition, Us Girls Tagalog Edition, Us Girls English Edition, Us Girls Mag Pinoy Muna Tayo, Batang Us Girls Batang Galing,'' and ''Mga Kwentong sa Linkod ng Us Girls''; and adding a "former hosts" section, usually containing one or more of the following artists: [[Bert Marcelo]], [[Edu Manzano]], [[Mel Tiangco]], [[Angelique Lazo]], [[Orly Mercado]], [[Helen Vela]], [[Armida Siguion-Reyna]], [[Loren Legarda]], [[Raymond Lauchengco]], [[Alma Moreno]], [[Ike Lozada]], [[Richard Reynoso]], and [[German Moreno]].:'''Examples:''' [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Us_Girls_%28Philippine_TV_program%29&action=historysubmit&diff=387884225&oldid=387470448 1], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Us_Girls_%28Philippine_TV_program%29&action=historysubmit&diff=264598372&oldid=261468099 2], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Us_Girls_%28Philippine_TV_program%29&action=historysubmit&diff=279994506&oldid=269302625 3], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Us_Girls_%28Philippine_TV_program%29&action=historysubmit&diff=291974355&oldid=291952205 4], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Us_Girls_%28Philippine_TV_program%29&action=historysubmit&diff=345133366&oldid=344780226 5].
#Edits one, if not all artists mentioned above and adds the following programs in their filmography or television section: ''Us Girls'' (any variant of the Us Girls hoax mentioned above but usually the "kids edition" or "tagalog edition"), ''Pangarap Kong Jackpot, City 2 Primetime News'', ''The English Nationwide'', ''Buhay Ngayon'' and/or ''Job Network.'' Also please note that the anon edits the [[Bert Marcelo]] article more often compared to the other artists. '''Examples:''' [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Edu_Manzano&action=historysubmit&diff=395097061&oldid=393960631 1], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bert_Marcelo&action=historysubmit&diff=387887017&oldid=381664488 2], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Edu_Manzano&action=historysubmit&diff=393545018&oldid=391820838 3], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bert_Marcelo&action=historysubmit&diff=337722198&oldid=337515216 4], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mel_Tiangco&action=historysubmit&diff=395091714&oldid=394118757 5], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bert_Marcelo&diff=prev&oldid=449630143 6], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mel_Tiangco&diff=prev&oldid=449919186 7].
#Edits the redirect page [[Raven Broadcasting Corporation]] and/or the [[DWJM-FM]] article, (the radio company is a subsidiary of [[The Radio Partners, Inc.]], which controls radio station [[DWJM-FM]]) and creates a hoax article that the said company is a separate television and radio network, usually adding RBC-12 as a Metro Manila TV station (there is NO existing Channel 12 in Metro Manila, as an evidence, [[DZOE-TV]] operates at Channel 11) and adding a hoax AM radio network named "Radyo Pulso", usually using DZAP-AM 1152 as the "flagship station's" callsign, and adding either one or all of the artists mentioned in the Us Girls hoax above. '''Examples:''' [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Raven_Broadcasting_Corporation&action=historysubmit&diff=398355248&oldid=397032219 1], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DWJM&action=historysubmit&diff=395631236&oldid=389652172 2], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Raven_Broadcasting_Corporation&action=historysubmit&diff=377588278&oldid=376548670 3], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DWJM&action=historysubmit&diff=338886084&oldid=337954889 4]
#Edits the [[Banahaw Broadcasting Corporation]] article, changing all references to make it look like the station was "revived". The anon usually adds a new section and describes (in broken English) that the network was revived and took over [[Studio 23]] and its flagship station [[DWAC-TV]]. He also does the same edits on the [[Studio 23]] and [[DWAC-TV]] articles. Also, a familiar pattern will be seen here, he will add to the list of programs aired by the defunct BBC the following shows: Us Girls (any hoax variant), Pangarap Kong Jackpot, and BBC Primetime News. He would normally also edit the [[List of ABS–CBN Broadcasting Corporation channels and stations]] and [[List of television stations in the Philippines]] articles to reflect the "changes" made. '''Example:''' [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Banahaw_Broadcasting_Corporation&action=historysubmit&diff=372323804&oldid=372161270 1], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Banahaw_Broadcasting_Corporation&action=historysubmit&diff=390191162&oldid=389999094 2], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Banahaw_Broadcasting_Corporation&action=historysubmit&diff=372323804&oldid=372161270 3], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Studio_23&action=historysubmit&diff=395145950&oldid=394307440 4], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Studio_23&action=historysubmit&diff=393734546&oldid=393558772 5], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Studio_23&action=historysubmit&diff=389988204&oldid=389922268 6], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DWAC-TV&action=historysubmit&diff=393527866&oldid=392363247 7], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DWAC-TV&action=historysubmit&diff=384194661&oldid=384065781 8], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_ABS%E2%80%93CBN_Broadcasting_Corporation_channels_and_stations&action=historysubmit&diff=398221271&oldid=397673344 9], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_television_stations_in_the_Philippines&action=historysubmit&diff=397617333&oldid=397117038 10].
#Edits any or sometimes, all of the program list of [[List of programs broadcast by Solar TV|Solar TV]], [[List of programs broadcast by Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation|IBC]] and [[List of programs broadcast by Studio 23|Studio 23]] and adds Us Girls (any hoax variant), Pangarap Kong Jackpot, etc. to their current or former program lists. '''Examples:''' [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_programs_broadcast_by_Solar_TV&action=historysubmit&diff=398551054&oldid=398423911 1], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_programs_broadcast_by_Studio_23&action=historysubmit&diff=352642134&oldid=352481636 2], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_programs_broadcast_by_Intercontinental_Broadcasting_Corporation&action=historysubmit&diff=340633340&oldid=340143695 3], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_programs_broadcast_by_Solar_TV&action=historysubmit&diff=397261058&oldid=397073409 4].
#Edits either of the following articles: redirect [[Cebu Broadcasting Company]], [[FBS Radio Network Inc.]], [[Love Radio Network]] and [[Pacific Broadcasting Systems]] or any of the radio stations owned by those networks, and adds hoax radio stations on the mentioned networks. '''Examples:''' [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cebu_Broadcasting_Company&action=historysubmit&diff=340442514&oldid=326463244 1], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Love_Radio_Network&action=historysubmit&diff=397599397&oldid=397018844 2], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pacific_Broadcasting_Systems&action=historysubmit&diff=396096960&oldid=396095792 3], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=FBS_Radio_Network_Inc.&action=historysubmit&diff=400444586&oldid=400266437 4].
#Edits the [[List of Associated Broadcasting Company TV and radio stations]] article or any station listed in this article, and adds hoax radio stations on the list. Example: [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Associated_Broadcasting_Company_TV_and_radio_stations&action=historysubmit&diff=399285218&oldid=399280811 1], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Associated_Broadcasting_Company_TV_and_radio_stations&action=historysubmit&diff=399309332&oldid=399294233 2], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Associated_Broadcasting_Company_TV_and_radio_stations&action=historysubmit&diff=400136638&oldid=399310980 3].
#Edits the [[Associated Broadcasting Company]] article and adds a hoax radio station (DZAB) and in broken English, will explain how that station went on air. Examples: [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Associated_Broadcasting_Company&action=historysubmit&diff=428376851&oldid=428222427 1], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Associated_Broadcasting_Company&action=historysubmit&diff=428703729&oldid=428377857 2], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Associated_Broadcasting_Company&action=historysubmit&diff=428886480&oldid=428874924 3].
#Edits any list of radio/TV stations (either by region or by ownership/affiliation) and adds hoax radio stations. Usually, the hoax radio stations are based from [[Santiago, Isabela]]. Example: [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_radio_stations_in_Cagayan_Valley_Region&action=historysubmit&diff=428910769&oldid=425497667 1], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_radio_stations_in_the_Philippines&action=historysubmit&diff=425451688&oldid=424013029 2], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_television_stations_in_the_Philippines&action=historysubmit&diff=425452949&oldid=424012388 3].
#Edits articles about radio stations, and makes arbitrary changes to the listed transmitter power. '''Example:''' [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DXAS-TV&diff=prev&oldid=429844818 1] [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_ABS%E2%80%93CBN_Broadcasting_Corporation_channels_and_stations&diff=prev&oldid=429844998 2]
#Creates random talk pages by adding the text "<nowiki>{{Pp=yes|small}}</nowiki>". Example: [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Aksyon_JournalisMO&oldid=449911878 1], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Aksyon&oldid=449911578 2].
#Creates user page by only adding his username or IP address. Example: [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Bertrand101&oldid=440806751 1], [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Russel.Liwag&oldid=453361727 2]
:The vandal also has a history of editing other Wikipedias, most especially the Tagalog, Cebuano, and Simple English wikis after being blocked here or gets tired when his edits are constantly being reverted. Since most wikis allow anons to create new articles, he can be easily spotted there creating articles for the topics that have mentioned above.

===Cases ===

*[[Wikipedia:Sockpuppet investigations/Bertrand101]]

===Other notes===

* Vandal is a known cross-wiki abuser. He is also seen vandalizing articles on the Tagalog, Cebuano, and other Philippine dialect Wikis.
* This user is also seen in [[Wikipilipinas]], a Philippine-based Wiki encyclopedia. Whenever his user account is blocked there, he will create a new account here in Wikipedia, using the same username.
* Vandal also uploads copyrighted TV screenshots in Commons, taking snapshots using a digital camera and sometimes includes himself at his uploaded images. Vandal also uploads crudely drawn "logos" or "title cards" of his favorite shows and adds them here in en.wiki whenever an article for it exists. Sockmaster uses the username "Roy Sales" and whenever his account is blocked, he adds a number (or just increments the number of his previous sockpuppet before being blocked) to his username. (Example: [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Contributions/Roy_Sales_21 User:Roy Sales 21], [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Contributions/Roy_Sales_22 User:Roy Sales 22], [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Contributions/Roy_Sales_21 User:Roy Sales 23]).
* Judging by the vandal's [http://www.youtube.com/user/danielle5597 YouTube channel], he may be mentally unstable.
* In 2011, a Facebook group investigated the background of this vandal. They found out that Bertrand101 is an autistic man in his mid 30's and resides somewhere in Isabela province in the Philippines. The group successfully contacted the relatives of this user via Facebook and the relatives apologized for his behavior in Wikipedia, YouTube and other social media websites. In spite the successful contact with the vandal's relatives, no action was taken on stopping his continuous vandalism on the internet.

==Confirmed and suspected accounts==

*{{vandal|Donna Alvvarez}}
*{{vandal|Eddie Gonzales 2}}
*{{vandal|John Abento}}
*{{vandal|Lani Cruz}}
*{{vandal|Romi Santi}}
*{{vandal|Romi Santi 3}}
*{{vandal|Ruseel.Liwag}}
*{{vandal|Russel.Liwag}}
*{{vandal|Leo Gonzales 2}}
*{{vandal|Leo Gonzales 6}}
*{{vandal|Leo Gonzales 7}}
*{{vandal|Leo Gonzales 8}}
*{{vandal|Meven Agusta 1}}
*{{vandal|Meven Agusta 4}}
*{{vandal|Meven Agusta 8}}
*{{vandal|Meven Agusta 9}}
*{{vandal|Meven Agusta 10}}
*{{vandal|Meven Agusta 15}}
*{{vandal|Meven Agusta 16}}
*{{vandal|Meven Agusta 18}}
*{{vandal|Meven Agusta 19}}
*{{vandal|Pia Gonzales 4}}
*{{vandal|Pia Gonzales 6}}
*{{vandal|Pia Gonzales 7}}
* Sockpuppet category (if any): [[:Category:Wikipedia sockpuppets of Bertrand101]]
* Suspected sockpuppet category (if any): [[:Category:Suspected Wikipedia sockpuppets of Bertrand101]]

[[Category:Long-term abuse|Bertrand101]]
__NOINDEX__

Studio 23

2014-01-17T11:31:13Z

Renamed user 042531102:

{{refimprove|date=December 2012}}
{{Infobox Network |
| network_name = ''Studio 23''
| network_logo = [[Image:Studio 23 2012 logo.png|200px]]
| country = [[Philippines]]
| network_type = [[Terrestrial television|Broadcast]] [[UHF]] [[television network]]
| available = Defunct
| owner = AMCARA Broadcasting Network (1996-2010) [[ABS-CBN Corporation]] (1998-2014)
| key_people = Vince Rodriguez (Head)
| slogan = IbaKabarkada!
| language = [[Filipino language|Filipino]] (main) [[English language|English]] (secondary)
| launch_date = October 12, 1996
| dissolved = January 16, 2014
| past_names = EEC-23 (1992-1996)
| replaced_by = [[ABS-CBN Sports+Action]]
| website = [http://www.studio23.tv Studio23.tv]
}}

'''Studio 23''' (officially '''Studio 23, Inc.''' and previously '''[[AMCARA Broadcasting Network]]''') was a [[Philippines|Filipino]] [[television network]] owned by the [[ABS-CBN Corporation]]. The network is named for its flagship station in [[Metro Manila]], [[DWAC-TV]], which is carried on UHF channel 23. The network is a sister network of the main channel, [[ABS-CBN]], airing programming aimed towards young adults, such as [[North American]] imports and other English-language programming, and original [[Filipino culture|Filipino]] programming aimed at the demographic as well, such as supplemental programming for ABS-CBN programs. This station studios are located at 3/F ABS-CBN Broadcast Center, Sgt. Esguerra Ave., Mother Ignacia St., [[Diliman]], [[Quezon City]].

==History==
[[Image:Studio 23 logo.svg|thumb|left|100px|The 6th Studio 23 logo used from August 1, 2010 to July 13, 2012]]

At a planning session during the mid-1990s, ABS-CBN staff members were plotting out plans for a new UHF channel offering a more "upscale" alternative to the main ABS-CBN. This channel, was Studio 23. In the lead-up to the launch, ABS-CBN acquired the rights to many syndicated [[United States|US]] imports, such as [[Wheel of Fortune (US game show)|Wheel of Fortune]] and [[The Oprah Winfrey Show]].

The flagship station, [[DWAC-TV]] owned by the [[AMCARA Broadcasting Network]], signed on about a month before the launch of Studio 23, simulcasting [[MTV Southeast Asia|MTV Asia]]. Studio 23 was officially launched on October 12, 1996, but as a timeshare with MTV Asia aired during the daytime, with Studio 23 programming taking over in the primetime hours. The first program aired on launch night was the movie ''[[The Bodyguard (1992 film)|The Bodyguard]]''. Two days later on October 14, 1996, ''News 23'' premiered, Studio 23's news program produced by [[ABS-CBN News & Current Affairs]]. On January 1, 2001, ABS-CBN severed their ties with MTV Asia, and Studio 23 gained total control of DWAC-TV. MTV moved to [[DWNB-TV]] after the change and relaunched as [[MTV Philippines]]. In 2003, Studio 23 had simulcasted with [[DWWX-TV|ABS-CBN Channel 2]] and it lasted within a few months.

Studio 23's programming has evolved from being "upscale" (as suggested by their previous slogan as the "Premium Network"), to aimed more at the youth and young adult demographics. The network still airs a multitude of US imports, but Studio 23 also airs original programming, such as spinoffs and supplemental programming for shows aired on the main ABS-CBN network, such as [[Pinoy Dream Academy]] and [[Pinoy Big Brother]]. The network has won numerous awards from various groups, such as a silver medal in the Print category at the 2006 [[Promax Awards]]. Its flagship program, the talk show [[Y Speak]], has also won numerous awards and accolades.<ref>[http://alpha.studio23.tv/tabid/65/Default.aspx Studio 23 About Us/History Via www.studio23.tv]</ref> In 2010, The network was rebranded from English back to Taglish/Tagalog used in 2004.

Studio 23 has announced, on its 17-year broadcast, that it will be ceasing its commercial operations on the night of Thursday, January 16, 2014 right after its final programs [[Myx]] and [[O Shopping]]. It will be replaced with a launching of ABS-CBN's newest sports channel on Free TV, [[ABS-CBN Sports+Action]] (programming will be 75% sporting events and 25% movies/entertainment/blocktimers) effective January 18, 2014. <ref>http://www.spin.ph/sports/multi-sport-events/news/studio-23-to-become-an-all-sports-channel-on-free-tv-after-reformatting</ref> <ref>http://m.spin.ph/sports/basketball/news/after-launch-of-sports-channel-abs-cbn-official-says-pba-games-an-enticing-content</ref> <ref>http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/sports/01/16/14/abs-cbn-launches-new-sports-channel</ref>

==Slogans==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Branding
! Slogan
! Years in use
|-
| Studio 23
| Premium Network We're here to give you primetime
| October 12, 1996 – April 4, 1999
|-
| Studio 23
| This is My Channel!
| April 5, 1999 – January 20, 2001
|-
| Studio 23
| Cool TV
| January 21, 2001 – September 30, 2002
|-
| Studio 23
| Watch U Want!
| October 1, 2002 – April 10, 2004
|-
| Studio 23
| KaBarkada Mo!
| April 11, 2004 – January 9, 2009
|-
| Studio 23
| Get It Here!
| January 10, 2009 – July 31, 2010
|}

==Programs==
{{main|List of programs aired by Studio 23}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Websites==
* [http://www.studio23.tv/ Studio 23 Official Site]
* [http://studio23.multiply.com/ Official Multiply Site]
* {{facebook|s23channel}}
* {{twitter|s23channel}}
*{{YouTube|user= s23channel}}

{{ABS-CBN}}
{{Television in the Philippines}}

[[Category:ABS-CBN Corporation]]
[[Category:Studio 23 stations| ]]
[[Category:Philippine television networks]]
[[Category:Television channels and stations established in 1996]]
[[Category:Television channels and stations disestablished in 2014]]

Studio 23

2014-01-17T11:30:36Z

Renamed user 042531102: Undid revision 591107578 by Blaster0425 (talk) My wrong.

{{refimprove|date=December 2012}}
{{Infobox Network |
| network_name = ''Studio 23''
| network_logo = [[Image:Studio 23 2012 logo.png|200px]]
| country = [[Philippines]]
| network_type = [[Terrestrial television|Broadcast]] [[UHF]] [[television network]]
| available = Defunct
| owner = AMCARA Broadcasting Network (1996-2010) [[ABS-CBN Corporation]] (1998-2014)
| key_people = Vince Rodriguez (Head)
| slogan = IbaKabarkada!
| language = [[Filipino language|Filipino]] (main) [[English language|English]] (secondary)
| launch_date = October 12, 1996
| dissolved = January 16, 2014
| past_names = EEC-23 (1992-1996)
| replaced_by = [[ABS-CBN Sports+Action]]
| website = [http://www.studio23.tv Studio23.tv]
}}

'''Studio 23''' (officially '''Studio 23, Inc.''' and previously '''[[AMCARA Broadcasting Network]]''') was a [[Philippines|Filipino]] [[television network]] owned by the [[ABS-CBN Corporation]]. The network is named for its flagship station in [[Metro Manila]], [[DWAC-TV]], which is carried on UHF channel 23. The network is a sister network of the main channel, [[ABS-CBN]], airing programming aimed towards young adults, such as [[North American]] imports and other English-language programming, and original [[Filipino culture|Filipino]] programming aimed at the demographic as well, such as supplemental programming for ABS-CBN programs. This station studios are located at 3/F ABS-CBN Broadcast Center, Sgt. Esguerra Ave., Mother Ignacia St., [[Diliman]], [[Quezon City]].

==History==
[[Image:Studio 23 logo.svg|thumb|left|100px|The 6th Studio 23 logo used from August 1, 2010 to July 13, 2012]]

At a planning session during the mid-1990s, ABS-CBN staff members were plotting out plans for a new UHF channel offering a more "upscale" alternative to the main ABS-CBN. This channel, was Studio 23. In the lead-up to the launch, ABS-CBN acquired the rights to many syndicated [[United States|US]] imports, such as [[Wheel of Fortune (US game show)|Wheel of Fortune]] and [[The Oprah Winfrey Show]].

The flagship station, [[DWAC-TV]] owned by the [[AMCARA Broadcasting Network]], signed on about a month before the launch of Studio 23, simulcasting [[MTV Southeast Asia|MTV Asia]]. Studio 23 was officially launched on October 12, 1996, but as a timeshare with MTV Asia aired during the daytime, with Studio 23 programming taking over in the primetime hours. The first program aired on launch night was the movie ''[[The Bodyguard (1992 film)|The Bodyguard]]''. Two days later on October 14, 1996, ''News 23'' premiered, Studio 23's news program produced by [[ABS-CBN News & Current Affairs]]. On January 1, 2001, ABS-CBN severed their ties with MTV Asia, and Studio 23 gained total control of DWAC-TV. MTV moved to [[DWNB-TV]] after the change and relaunched as [[MTV Philippines]]. In 2003, Studio 23 had simulcasted with [[DWWX-TV|ABS-CBN Channel 2]] and it lasted within a few months.

Studio 23's programming has evolved from being "upscale" (as suggested by their previous slogan as the "Premium Network"), to aimed more at the youth and young adult demographics. The network still airs a multitude of US imports, but Studio 23 also airs original programming, such as spinoffs and supplemental programming for shows aired on the main ABS-CBN network, such as [[Pinoy Dream Academy]] and [[Pinoy Big Brother]]. The network has won numerous awards from various groups, such as a silver medal in the Print category at the 2006 [[Promax Awards]]. Its flagship program, the talk show [[Y Speak]], has also won numerous awards and accolades.<ref>[http://alpha.studio23.tv/tabid/65/Default.aspx Studio 23 About Us/History Via www.studio23.tv]</ref> In 2010, The network was rebranded from English back to Taglish/Tagalog used in 2004.

Studio 23 has announced, on its 17-year broadcast, that it will be ceasing its commercial operations on the night of Thursday, January 16, 2014 right after its final programs [[Myx]] and [[O Shopping]]. It will be replaced with a launching of ABS-CBN's newest sports channel on Free TV, [[ABS-CBN Sports+Action]] (programming will be 75% sporting events and 25% movies/entertainment/blocktimers) effective January 18, 2014. <ref>http://www.spin.ph/sports/multi-sport-events/news/studio-23-to-become-an-all-sports-channel-on-free-tv-after-reformatting</ref> <ref>http://m.spin.ph/sports/basketball/news/after-launch-of-sports-channel-abs-cbn-official-says-pba-games-an-enticing-content</ref> <ref>http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/sports/01/16/14/abs-cbn-launches-new-sports-channel</ref>

ABCDVRS

==Slogans==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Branding
! Slogan
! Years in use
|-
| Studio 23
| Premium Network We're here to give you primetime
| October 12, 1996 – April 4, 1999
|-
| Studio 23
| This is My Channel!
| April 5, 1999 – January 20, 2001
|-
| Studio 23
| Cool TV
| January 21, 2001 – September 30, 2002
|-
| Studio 23
| Watch U Want!
| October 1, 2002 – April 10, 2004
|-
| Studio 23
| KaBarkada Mo!
| April 11, 2004 – January 9, 2009
|-
| Studio 23
| Get It Here!
| January 10, 2009 – July 31, 2010
|}

==Programs==
{{main|List of programs aired by Studio 23}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Websites==
* [http://www.studio23.tv/ Studio 23 Official Site]
* [http://studio23.multiply.com/ Official Multiply Site]
* {{facebook|s23channel}}
* {{twitter|s23channel}}
*{{YouTube|user= s23channel}}

{{ABS-CBN}}
{{Television in the Philippines}}

[[Category:ABS-CBN Corporation]]
[[Category:Studio 23 stations| ]]
[[Category:Philippine television networks]]
[[Category:Television channels and stations established in 1996]]
[[Category:Television channels and stations disestablished in 2014]]

Studio 23

2014-01-17T11:29:26Z

Renamed user 042531102: Reverted 2 edits by 112.198.90.161 (talk): Reverting vandalism? (TW)

{{refimprove|date=December 2012}}
{{Infobox Network |
| network_name = ''Studio 23''
| network_logo = [[Image:Studio 23 2012 logo.png|200px]]
| country = [[Philippines]]
| network_type = [[Terrestrial television|Broadcast]] [[UHF]] [[television network]]
| available = Defunct
| owner = AMCARA Broadcasting Network (1996-2010) [[ABS-CBN Corporation]] (1998-2014)
| key_people = Vince Rodriguez (Head)
| slogan = IbaKabarkada!
| language = [[Filipino language|Filipino]] (main) [[English language|English]] (secondary)
| launch_date = October 12, 1996
| dissolved = January 16, 2014
| past_names = EEC-23 (1992-1996)
| replaced_by = [[ABS-CBN Sports+Action]]
| website = [http://www.studio23.tv Studio23.tv]
}}

'''Studio 23''' (officially '''Studio 23, Inc.''' and previously '''[[AMCARA Broadcasting Network]]''') was a [[Philippines|Filipino]] [[television network]] owned by the [[ABS-CBN Corporation]]. The network is named for its flagship station in [[Metro Manila]], [[DWAC-TV]], which is carried on UHF channel 23. The network is a sister network of the main channel, [[ABS-CBN]], airing programming aimed towards young adults, such as [[North American]] imports and other English-language programming, and original [[Filipino culture|Filipino]] programming aimed at the demographic as well, such as supplemental programming for ABS-CBN programs. This station studios are located at 3/F ABS-CBN Broadcast Center, Sgt. Esguerra Ave., Mother Ignacia St., [[Diliman]], [[Quezon City]].

==History==
[[Image:Studio 23 logo.svg|thumb|left|100px|The 6th Studio 23 logo used from August 1, 2010 to July 13, 2012]]

At a planning session during the mid-1990s, ABS-CBN staff members were plotting out plans for a new UHF channel offering a more "upscale" alternative to the main ABS-CBN. This channel, was Studio 23. In the lead-up to the launch, ABS-CBN acquired the rights to many syndicated [[United States|US]] imports, such as [[Wheel of Fortune (US game show)|Wheel of Fortune]] and [[The Oprah Winfrey Show]].

The flagship station, [[DWAC-TV]] owned by the [[AMCARA Broadcasting Network]], signed on about a month before the launch of Studio 23, simulcasting [[MTV Southeast Asia|MTV Asia]]. Studio 23 was officially launched on October 12, 1996, but as a timeshare with MTV Asia aired during the daytime, with Studio 23 programming taking over in the primetime hours. The first program aired on launch night was the movie ''[[The Bodyguard (1992 film)|The Bodyguard]]''. Two days later on October 14, 1996, ''News 23'' premiered, Studio 23's news program produced by [[ABS-CBN News & Current Affairs]]. On January 1, 2001, ABS-CBN severed their ties with MTV Asia, and Studio 23 gained total control of DWAC-TV. MTV moved to [[DWNB-TV]] after the change and relaunched as [[MTV Philippines]]. In 2003, Studio 23 had simulcasted with [[DWWX-TV|ABS-CBN Channel 2]] and it lasted within a few months.

Studio 23's programming has evolved from being "upscale" (as suggested by their previous slogan as the "Premium Network"), to aimed more at the youth and young adult demographics. The network still airs a multitude of US imports, but Studio 23 also airs original programming, such as spinoffs and supplemental programming for shows aired on the main ABS-CBN network, such as [[Pinoy Dream Academy]] and [[Pinoy Big Brother]]. The network has won numerous awards from various groups, such as a silver medal in the Print category at the 2006 [[Promax Awards]]. Its flagship program, the talk show [[Y Speak]], has also won numerous awards and accolades.<ref>[http://alpha.studio23.tv/tabid/65/Default.aspx Studio 23 About Us/History Via www.studio23.tv]</ref> In 2010, The network was rebranded from English back to Taglish/Tagalog used in 2004. Dati kasi nagjajakol lang mga host dito. Ngayon kumakantot na sila. =))

Studio 23 has announced, on its 17-year broadcast, that it will be ceasing its commercial operations on the night of Thursday, January 16, 2014 right after its final programs [[Myx]] and [[O Shopping]]. It will be replaced with a launching of ABS-CBN's newest sports channel on Free TV, [[ABS-CBN Sports+Action]] (programming will be 75% sporting events and 25% movies/entertainment/blocktimers) effective January 18, 2014. <ref>http://www.spin.ph/sports/multi-sport-events/news/studio-23-to-become-an-all-sports-channel-on-free-tv-after-reformatting</ref> <ref>http://m.spin.ph/sports/basketball/news/after-launch-of-sports-channel-abs-cbn-official-says-pba-games-an-enticing-content</ref> <ref>http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/sports/01/16/14/abs-cbn-launches-new-sports-channel</ref>

ABCDVRS

==Slogans==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Branding
! Slogan
! Years in use
|-
| Studio 23
| Premium Network We're here to give you primetime
| October 12, 1996 – April 4, 1999
|-
| Studio 23
| This is My Channel!
| April 5, 1999 – January 20, 2001
|-
| Studio 23
| Cool TV
| January 21, 2001 – September 30, 2002
|-
| Studio 23
| Watch U Want!
| October 1, 2002 – April 10, 2004
|-
| Studio 23
| KaBarkada Mo!
| April 11, 2004 – January 9, 2009
|-
| Studio 23
| Get It Here!
| January 10, 2009 – July 31, 2010
|-
| Studio 23
| Ijakol mo brad!
| August 1, 1800 A.D. - April Boy 2139 A.D.
|}

==Programs==
{{main|List of programs aired by Studio 23}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Websites==
* [http://www.studio23.tv/ Studio 23 Official Site]
* [http://studio23.multiply.com/ Official Multiply Site]
* {{facebook|s23channel}}
* {{twitter|s23channel}}
*{{YouTube|user= s23channel}}

{{ABS-CBN}}
{{Television in the Philippines}}

[[Category:ABS-CBN Corporation]]
[[Category:Studio 23 stations| ]]
[[Category:Philippine television networks]]
[[Category:Television channels and stations established in 1996]]
[[Category:Television channels and stations disestablished in 2014]]

Talk:Studio 23

2014-01-16T10:08:45Z

Renamed user 042531102: /* R.I.P Studio 23 */ new section

{{TelevisionStationsProject}}
{{WPPhilippines|class=Start|importance=Mid}}

== July 2006 ==
* If you know all the television channels aired Studio 23 in the Philippines, kindly list it in Studio 23 article (such as Studio 23 in Metro Manila - DWAC-TV 23). -[[User:Frj1947|Frj1947]] 15:08, 19 July 2006 (UTC)

==Semi-protection==
{{tld|editsemiprotected}}
this article has been subject to heavy and persistent vandalism. [[User:Nakakapagpabagabag|Nakakapagpabagabag]] ([[User talk:Nakakapagpabagabag|talk]]) 06:59, 24 June 2009 (UTC)

{{ESp|n}} The {{tlc|editsemiprotected}} template is used by non-autoconfirmed users to allow them to request changes in semiprotected pages. To request semiprotection for the page, you need to go to [[Wikipedia:Request for page protection]] and follow the directions. An admin will evaluate the situation and decide whether to protect he page. I'm not an admin, but I don't think there is enough activity to merit protection. Also, the IP edits I saw were not obvious vandalism. I can't comment on the accuracy, but different IPs have tries to make similar changes (BBC News vs News and adding that Jackpot show) which suggests a content dispute and not vandalism. [[User:Celestra|Celestra]] ([[User talk:Celestra|talk]]) 15:30, 24 June 2009 (UTC)
==Please see [[Wikipedia_talk:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Per_station_television_schedules]] ==
Editors are debating whether to delete the television schedules on hundreds of television pages. [[User:Ikip|Ikip]] ([[User talk:Ikip|talk]]) 20:00, 9 August 2009 (UTC)

== R.I.P Studio 23 ==

Goodbye and I miss you Studio 23! Sana We will miss you!

STUDIO 23

October 1996-January 2014

[[User:Blaster0425|blaster]][[User talk:Blaster0425|talk!]] [[Special:Contributions/Blaster0425|see]] 10:08, 16 January 2014 (UTC)

Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/RTL Kockica

2014-01-13T09:49:16Z

Renamed user 042531102:

===[[RTL Kockica]]===
{{REMOVE THIS TEMPLATE WHEN CLOSING THIS AfD|M}}

:{{la|RTL Kockica}} – (<includeonly>[[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/RTL Kockica|View AfD]]</includeonly><noinclude>[[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Log/2014 January 10#{{anchorencode:RTL Kockica}}|View log]]</noinclude>{{int:dot-separator}} [http://toolserver.org/~snottywong/cgi-bin/votecounter.cgi?page=Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/RTL_Kockica Stats])
:({{Find sources|RTL Kockica}})
No indication of significance. [[User:Itsalleasy|Itsalleasy]] ([[User talk:Itsalleasy|talk]]) 19:29, 10 January 2014 (UTC)
:Note: This debate has been included in the [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Deletion sorting/Croatia|list of Croatia-related deletion discussions]]. [[User:Gene93k|• Gene93k]] ([[User talk:Gene93k|talk]]) 01:44, 11 January 2014 (UTC)
:Note: This debate has been included in the [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Deletion sorting/Television|list of Television-related deletion discussions]]. [[User:Gene93k|• Gene93k]] ([[User talk:Gene93k|talk]]) 01:44, 11 January 2014 (UTC)

* Right now, this article is essentially spam, however, the TV channel is nationally broadcast (which is a set of maybe a dozen channels?) and should be notable. --[[User:Joy|Joy [shallot]]] ([[User talk:Joy|talk]]) 21:21, 12 January 2014 (UTC)
* '''Delete''' Is that notability? [[User:Blaster0425|blaster]][[User talk:Blaster0425|talk!]] [[Special:Contributions/Blaster0425|see]] 09:49, 13 January 2014 (UTC)