Wikipedia - User contributions [en]

Javier Tebas

2024-02-29T10:57:46Z

Shiclanero: He is known institutionally and in the media as "Javier" although he is called "Xavi" at home.

{{short description|Spanish lawyer}}
{{Use British English|date=May 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2016}}
{{family name hatnote|Tebas|Medrano|lang=Spanish}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Javier Tebas
| image = 2019 - SportsTrade - Day 1 PM1 2924 (49019366987) (cropped).jpg
| caption = Tebas in 2019
| order =
| office = President of [[Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional]]
| term_start = 26 April 2013
| term_end =
| predecessor = [[José Luis Astiazarán]]
| successor =
| birth_name = Xavier Tebas Medrano<ref name=Xavi/>
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1962|7|31}}
| birth_place = [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]], Costa Rica
| residence =
| nationality = Spanish
}}
'''Javier Tebas Medrano'''<ref name=Xavi/> ({{IPA-es|xaˈβjeɾ ˈteβas}}; born 31 July 1962), is a Spanish lawyer and the president of [[Liga de Fútbol Profesional|Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional]], the association responsible for administering Spain's two highest-tier professional [[Association football|football]] leagues. First elected in April 2013, he was re-elected for a fourth term in December 2023 until 2027.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.libertaddigital.com/deportes/liga/2023-12-12/laliga-reelige-a-javier-tebas-como-presidente-para-su-cuarto-mandato-7078853/|title=LaLiga reelige a Javier Tebas como presidente para su cuarto mandato|date=2023-12-12|website=Libertad Digital|language=es|access-date=2024-02-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://as.com/futbol/primera/tebas-reelegido-presidente-de-laliga-de-forma-definitiva-n/#tooltip1|title=Tebas es reelegido como presidente de LaLiga de forma definitiva|date=2023-12-12|website=As.com|language=es|access-date=2024-02-25}}</ref> Tebas has promised that this will be this last term, ending in 2027.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.marca.com/futbol/primera-division/2023/12/14/657af43e268e3e942e8b45c7.html|title=Los objetivos de Javier Tebas en su último mandato al frente de LaLiga|date=2023-12-14|website=Marca.com|language=es|access-date=2024-02-25}}</ref>

Tebas is a supporter of the right wing [[Spanish nationalism|Spanish]] [[Vox (Spanish political party)|Vox]] party.<ref name="Espana">{{cite news|url= http://www.football-espana.net/48068/javier-tebas-man-plan| title= Javier Tebas: The man with a plan?| last=Nunn| first=Garreth| work=Football Espana| date=16 January 2015|access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="auto"/> He is a supporter of [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]], although he has claimed that this does not affect his neutrality as president.<ref name="Telegraph">{{cite news|url= https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/real-madrid/12000271/La-Liga-president-Javier-Tebas-supports-Barcelona.html| title= La Liga president Javier Tebas supports Barcelona| last=Bull| first=JJ| work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]| date=17 November 2015|access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="SB"/>

==Biography==
During [[La Vanguardia]]'s Forum "Defense of the European Football Ecosystem" in March 2023, the moderator of the debate asked Javier Tebas if his real and official name is "Xavier" in Catalan. And Tebas answered yes. He said that his whole family called him Xavi and that at school they also called him "Xavi".<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=55as3LmEg2g&t=5938s La intervención completa de Javier Tebas en el Foros de Vanguardia]</ref><ref name=Xavi>[https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/laliga/tebas-desvela-nombre-real-xavi-84758770 ¡Tebas desvela que su nombre real es Xavi!]</ref>

His expertise in business, sports and bankruptcy law was decisive in advising and representing numerous football clubs throughout his career and in creating a law firm specializing in the world of sport.<ref>{{Cite web|last=lsanchez|date=2011-11-16|title=Javier Tebas, abogado, experto en derecho concursal deportivo:"En nuestro deporte profesional ha llegado el momento de generar un debate a fondo serio sobre el derecho a la información "|url=https://www.diariojuridico.com/javier-tebas-abogado-experto-en-derecho-concursal-deportivoen-nuestro-deporte-profesional-ha-llegado-el-momento-de-generar-un-debate-a-fondo-serio-sobre-el-derecho-a-la-informacion/|access-date=2020-10-27|website=Diario Jurídico|language=es}}</ref>

Tebas has worked for eleven [[La Liga]] clubs, with his first role being president of [[SD Huesca]] in 1993.<ref name="LIS">{{cite web|url=http://www.leadersinsport.com/_about.cfm?pid=136 |title=Javier Tebas |publisher=Leaders in Sport |access-date=21 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324030059/http://www.leadersinsport.com/_about.cfm?pid=136 |archive-date=24 March 2015 }}</ref><ref name="Espana"/> He served three terms as the vice-president of Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional,<ref name="LIS" /> being elected for the first time in 2001, and also worked for the G30 group of clubs, where he helped the clubs negotiate their television deals.<ref name="LIS" /><ref name="Espana" /><ref>{{cite news|url= http://elpais.com/diario/2003/08/22/deportes/1061503202_850215.html| title=El G-30 insiste en su plante| last=Sanz| first=Óscar| work=[[El País]]| date=22 August 2003|access-date=21 May 2016|language=es}}</ref>

In 2013, Tebas was appointed the president of La Liga after an uncontested election in which he was supported by 32 of the 42 La Liga and [[Segunda División]] clubs.<ref name="Espana"/> Prior to the election, Tebas had promised to clean up the Spanish game after [[match-fixing]] allegations, and also to make match tickets affordable.<ref name="LIS"/><ref name="Espana"/><ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.sport.es/es/noticias/liga-bbva/javier-tebas-presentara-presidencia-liga-futbol-profesional-2319343| title= Javier Tebas se presentará a la presidencia de la Liga de Fútbol Profesional| work=[[Sport (Spanish newspaper)|Sport]]| date=15 February 2013| access-date=21 May 2016| language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url= http://www.libertaddigital.com/deportes/futbol/2013-04-26/javier-tebas-proclamado-definitivamente-como-nuevo-presidente-de-la-liga-1276488623/| title= Javier Tebas, proclamado definitivamente como nuevo presidente de la Liga| work=[[Libertad Digital]]| date=26 April 2013| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref>

Tebas studied [[law]] at the [[University of Zaragoza]]. During his student days, he was a provincial delegate of the [[Far-right politics|far-right]] party's youth, [[Fuerza Nueva]], a reminiscence of [[Francisco Franco|Franco]]'s regime nostalgics.<ref name="Espana"/> In January 2019, Tebas announced his support for the far-right nationalist [[Vox (Spanish political party)|Vox]] party.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/european/la-liga-javier-tebas-vox-andalucia-partido-a8732291.html|title='I will vote for them': La Liga president backs far-right party Vox|first=Ed|last=Malyon|date=17 January 2019|work=The Independent}}</ref> He is a supporter of [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]], although he has claimed that this does not affect his neutrality as president.<ref name="Telegraph"/><ref name="SB">{{cite news |last=Mazariegos |first=Luiz |date=1 March 2016 |title=La Liga President Javier Tebas: "Clubs of independent Catalonia cannot play in the league" |work=[[SB Nation]] |url=http://www.barcablaugranes.com/2016/3/1/11138978/la-liga-president-javier-tebas-clubs-of-an-independent-catalonia |access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref>

The arrival of Javier Tebas as president saw a radical change in the performance of La Liga. Among the key initiatives to have been introduced since he took the role of vice president (and later president) are: economic restructuring of the clubs and financing of La Liga,<ref name="Expansión.com-2017">{{Cite web|date=2017-02-03|title=Así están las finanzas del fútbol español: ingresos récord y deuda en mínimos|url=https://www.expansion.com/directivos/deporte-negocio/2017/02/03/589473e4e2704e7f678b45ad.html|access-date=2020-10-27|website=Expansión.com|language=es}}</ref> achieved by the centralised sale of television broadcasting rights;<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-12-02|title=Javier Tebas: "El reparto más equitativo de los derechos de TV hace que LaLiga sea más competitiva"|url=https://www.elespanol.com/invertia/empresas/20181202/javier-tebas-psoe-podemos-impuestos-futbolistas-laliga/357215606_0.html|access-date=2020-10-27|website=El Español|language=es-ES}}</ref> tough measures against match-fixing;<ref>{{Cite web|title="Anyone guilty of match fixing will end up in jail"|url=https://www.laliga.com/en-GB/news/anyone-guilty-of-match-fixing-will-end-up-in-jail|access-date=2020-10-27|website=Anyone guilty of match fixing will end up in jail|language=en}}</ref> establishing policies to tackle violence or abuse in the stadiums;<ref>{{Cite news|author=|date=2020-01-26|title=La Liga unveils action plan in response to racist and violent incidents|language=es|work=Reuters|url=https://es.reuters.com/article/uk-soccer-spain-violence-idUKKBN1ZP0TC|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031005545/https://es.reuters.com/article/uk-soccer-spain-violence-idUKKBN1ZP0TC|url-status=dead|archive-date=31 October 2020|access-date=2020-10-27}}</ref> and digitalization and multimedia development that allows fans to interact with the clubs across multiple channels.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sánchez|first=Ángel Húguez|title=Tecnología al servicio de la pasión por LaLiga|url=https://www.eleconomista.com.mx/deportes/Tecnologia-al-servicio-de-la-pasion-por-LaLiga-20200304-0124.html|access-date=2020-10-27|website=El Economista}}</ref>

Regarding the centralized sale of television rights, this was a process that was achieved following the formation of the G-30, a group of clubs that united for the sale of their television rights, of which Javier Tebas was one of the main promoters. Since 2003, Tebas has taken a stance in favor of the centralized sale of television rights through La Liga. His work as head of the G-30 has gradually reduced the income gap between large and small clubs.<ref name="Espana" />

Another of his achievements within La Liga has been the financial restructuring of the clubs. The large amounts of debt the football clubs had, led to the members themselves, the clubs, to self-impose strict economic and financial control measures that would be applied by La Liga. For this task, Tebas called upon Javier Gomez, former vice president of [[Valencia CF|Valencia]], appointing him as his second in command and managing director with the responsibility of enforcing the new internal regulations.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-05-10|title=Javier Gómez, nombrado nuevo director general de la LFP|url=https://as.com/futbol/2013/05/10/primera/1368205250_112600.html|access-date=2020-10-27|website=AS.com|language=es}}</ref>

Following the implementation of economic control from 2013 onwards, La Liga reported that during the first four years of Tebas's tenure, debts to the treasury were reduced by 71% (from €647 million to €184 million) and total revenues increased by 48% (from €2.236 million to €3.327 million) in June 2017.<ref name="Expansión.com-2017" />

In this regard, former football player and coach Jorge Valdano said of him:<blockquote>"Although we differ ideologically, I will say that Tebas did more for Spanish football than all his critics combined. Whatever his future holds, he won't go backwards, because his style is to be on front line. Since his arrival, LaLiga has become richer, more democratic in its distribution of money, more rigorous with its contracts, more professional in how it stages matches and more respectful of its sense of identity. No one did more or risked more to make sure LaLiga could reach these ends". Jorge Valdano "Tebas and Mr. Lobo" ''El País'', July 31, 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Valdano|first=Jorge|date=2020-07-31|title=Tebas y el señor Lobo|url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2020-07-31/tebas-y-el-senor-lobo.html|access-date=2020-10-27|website=EL PAÍS|language=es}}</ref></blockquote>

The centralised management of audiovisual rights made it possible to incorporate many changes and significantly increase the income of the clubs. In order to increase its television audience, match schedules were adapted so that the games did not coincide with each other and could each have a distinct kick-off time; these measures were applauded internationally but drew criticism among Spanish viewers.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-01-28|title=Mendizorroza clama contra Tebas y los inhóspitos horarios de la Liga|url=https://alaves.elcorreo.com/cinco-minutos-tarde-20190128204106-nt.html|access-date=2020-10-27|website=Alaves - El Correo|language=es}}</ref>

==Controversies==
During his tenure, Tebas has said that Spanish league matches could be held outside of Spain, following the path of leagues such as the US-based [[National Basketball Association]] in playing regular season matches abroad. The plans are to hold one match per season outside of Spain, and Tebas has said that [[El Clásico]] would not be one of the matches selected.<ref name="Telegraph"/><ref>{{cite news| url= https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/la-liga-president-javier-tebas-6855872| title= La Liga president Javier Tebas admits Spanish league games could be played abroad| last=Malyon| first=Ed| work=[[Daily Mirror]]| date=18 November 2015| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> La Liga's attempts to organize and hold a match in Miami<ref>{{Cite web|last=Calderón|first=David|title=Web oficial del Villarreal CF - Comunicado oficial|url=https://www.villarrealcf.es/noticias/todas-las-noticias/item/25775-comunicado-oficial-villarreal-atletico-miami|access-date=2020-10-27|website=Web oficial del Villarreal CF|language=es-es}}</ref> have so far been stopped by the Spanish Football Federation (RFEF), who are against it.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-01-26|title=La Liga insiste con Miami y mira a la NBA|url=https://www.abc.es/deportes/futbol/abci-liga-insiste-miami-y-mira-nba-202001260109_noticia.html|access-date=2020-10-27|website=abc|language=es}}</ref>

He has also said that if the [[Catalonia]] region [[Catalan independence movement|became independent]] from Spain, then its football teams, including [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]] and [[RCD Espanyol|Espanyol]], would not be allowed to compete in the Spanish football leagues.<ref name="SB" />

[[file:Tebas-16-08-13.JPG|thumb|Tebas in 2013]]
In January 2019, Tebas announced his support for the far-right nationalist [[Vox (Spanish political party)|Vox]] party. Stating "They seem good to me", Tebas elaborated on Cadena Cope, "I've been saying it for a while. Spain needed an alternative like Vox. You have to respect the 400,000 people that have voted for them in Andalusia. If they stay on this line, then I will vote for Vox."<ref name="auto"/> In the 2019 Spanish general election, Vox obtained 4 million votes and 52 seats, becoming the third-largest political presence and ceasing to be a minor political party in Spain.<ref>{{Cite news|last=González|first=Miguel|date=2019-11-11|title=Vox se convierte en tercera fuerza del nuevo Congreso|language=es|work=El País|url=https://elpais.com/politica/2019/11/10/actualidad/1573408910_887506.html|access-date=2020-10-27|issn=1134-6582}}</ref>

Tebas was critical of former UEFA acting president [[Ángel María Villar]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-05-10|title=La Liga chief Javier Tebas renews feud with acting UEFA boss Angel Maria Villar|url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/football/liga/2015-2016/la-liga-chief-javier-tebas-renews-feud-with-acting-uefa-boss-angel-maria-villar_sto5567541/story.shtml|access-date=2020-10-27|website=Eurosport UK|language=en}}</ref> who also headed the Royal Spanish Football Federation for many years. In 2017, Villar was arrested and jailed on corruption charges.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Pérez|first=Fernando J.|date=2017-07-21|title=Villar y su hijo Gorka, a la cárcel sin fianza|language=es|work=El País|url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2017/07/20/actualidad/1500560875_815376.html|access-date=2020-10-27|issn=1134-6582}}</ref> Tebas has also been critical of [[FIFA]], saying that they need an overhaul of personnel in order to regain the trust of the footballing community.<ref>{{cite news| url= http://www.dailystar.com.lb/Sports/Football/2015/Oct-22/319841-fifa-incapable-of-change-from-within-spanish-league-chief.ashx| title= FIFA incapable of change from within: Spanish league chief| work=[[Agence France-Presse]]|via=[[The Daily Star (Lebanon)|The Daily Star]]| date=22 October 2015| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> Tebas blamed FIFA for contract information leaks by the [[Football Leaks]] website about contract details of La Liga players.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.football-espana.net/56692/tebas-fifa-fault-contract-leaks| title= Tebas: FIFA at fault for contract leaks|work=Football Espana| date=10 February 2016| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref>

Tebas has led opposition to the European Super League or any UEFA plan to establish a system of semi-closed European competitions that gives more power to big clubs at the cost of medium and small clubs.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DER SPIEGEL {{!}} Online-Nachrichten|url=https://www.spiegel.de/consent-a-?targetUrl=https://www.spiegel.de/international/world/football-documents-show-secret-plans-for-elite-league-of-top-clubs-a-1236447.html&ref=https://www.google.com/|access-date=2020-10-27|website=www.spiegel.de}}</ref> His reasoning is that these proposals would mean the end of football "as we know it today" and would be very harmful to national leagues and clubs, as well as fans, who could see their local clubs disappear.

Tebas also argues that the plans would be damaging to the big clubs and organizers of these proposed 'superleagues'. Tebas claims that although the plans may appear lucrative for this small group of clubs, in the long run fans would lose interest and the clubs would lose income.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-20|title=Tebas: "Una Superliga supondrá muchos daños económicos a los propios organizadores"|url=https://www.20minutos.es/deportes/noticia/4424338/0/tebas-superliga-europea-dano-economico-organizadores/|access-date=2020-10-27|website=20 minutos |language=es}}</ref>

The current superleague debate has been ongoing in the football industry since 2019. In May of the same year, all of the national leagues in Europe met in Madrid, at an event coordinated by La Liga, to express their disapproval of any such plans.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Top English clubs in bombshell talks to join European Premier League|url=https://news.sky.com/story/top-english-clubs-in-bombshell-talks-to-join-european-premier-league-12109175|access-date=2020-10-27|website=Sky News|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-05-07|title=Tebas: 'Hay que parar la reforma de las competiciones en Europa. No me creo ese farol'|url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/laliga/20190507/462104844661/tebas-liga.html|access-date=2020-10-27|website=Mundo Deportivo|language=es}}</ref>

Tebas has also been a vocal critic of what he deems "financial doping" within football.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2020/jan/20/la-liga-president-javier-tebas-criticises-fifa-richest-clubs-danger|title=La Liga president criticises Fifa and says richest clubs are 'danger' to game|last=MacInnes|first=Paul|date=2020-01-20|work=The Guardian|access-date=2020-01-22|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> He has stated that state-run football clubs, such as [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] and [[Paris Saint-Germain F.C.|Paris Saint-Germain]], are a "danger" to the sport.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.as.com/en/2019/08/06/football/1565114936_785696.html|title='State clubs' Man City, PSG are dangers to game - La Liga chief|date=2019-08-06|website=AS.com|language=en|access-date=2020-01-22}}</ref>

After Real Madrid striker [[Vinicius Jr]] was racially abused by [[Valencia C.F.|Valencia]] fans on 21 May 2023, he called Spain "a nation of racists". Tebas responded by claiming that Vinicius did not turn up for meetings to discuss what La Liga "can do in cases of racism", adding: "Before you criticise and slander La Liga, you need to inform yourself properly."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/65678382|title=Tebas comments make my blood boil - Richards|via=www.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{commons category}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tebas, Javier}}
[[Category:1962 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Spanish business executives]]
[[Category:La Liga]]
[[Category:20th-century Spanish lawyers]]
[[Category:Lawyers from San José, Costa Rica]]
[[Category:Spanish fascists]]
[[Category:Francoists]]
[[Category:Spanish nationalists]]
[[Category:Spanish far-right politicians]]
[[Category:Spanish football chairmen and investors]]
[[Category: Association football controversies]]
[[Category:University of Zaragoza alumni]]
[[Category:21st-century Spanish lawyers]]

Javier Tebas

2023-07-11T07:13:02Z

Shiclanero: commercial name

{{short description|Spanish lawyer}}
{{Use British English|date=May 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2016}}
{{family name hatnote|Tebas|Medrano|lang=Spanish}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Javier Tebas
| image = 2019 - SportsTrade - Day 1 PM1 2924 (49019366987) (cropped).jpg
| caption = Tebas in 2019
| order =
| office = President of [[Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional]]
| term_start = 26 April 2013
| term_end =
| predecessor = [[José Luis Astiazarán]]
| successor =
| birth_name = Javier Tebas Medrano
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1962|7|31}}
| birth_place = [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]], Costa Rica
| residence =
| nationality = Spanish
}}
'''Javier Tebas Medrano''' ({{IPA-es|xaˈβjeɾ ˈteβas}}; born 31 July 1962) is a Spanish lawyer and the president of [[Liga de Fútbol Profesional|Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional]], the association responsible for administering Spain's two highest-tier professional [[Association football|football]] leagues. First elected in April 2013, he was re-elected for a third term in December 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rtve.es/deportes/20191223/javier-tebas-reelegido-presidente-laliga-tercera-vez/1994369.shtml|title=Liga {{!}} Javier Tebas, reelegido presidente de LaLiga por tercera vez|date=2019-12-23|website=RTVE.es|language=es|access-date=2020-03-12}}</ref>

Tebas is a supporter of the far-right [[Spanish nationalism|Spanish nationalist]] [[Vox (Spanish political party)|Vox]] party.<ref name="Espana">{{cite news|url= http://www.football-espana.net/48068/javier-tebas-man-plan| title= Javier Tebas: The man with a plan?| last=Nunn| first=Garreth| work=Football Espana| date=16 January 2015|access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="auto"/> He is a supporter of [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]], although he has claimed that this does not affect his neutrality as president.<ref name="Telegraph">{{cite news|url= https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/real-madrid/12000271/La-Liga-president-Javier-Tebas-supports-Real-Madrid.html| title= La Liga president Javier Tebas supports Real Madrid| last=Bull| first=JJ| work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]| date=17 November 2015|access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="SB"/>

==Biography==
His expertise in business, sports and bankruptcy law was decisive in advising and representing numerous football clubs throughout his career and in creating a law firm specializing in the world of sport.<ref>{{Cite web|last=lsanchez|date=2011-11-16|title=Javier Tebas, abogado, experto en derecho concursal deportivo:"En nuestro deporte profesional ha llegado el momento de generar un debate a fondo serio sobre el derecho a la información "|url=https://www.diariojuridico.com/javier-tebas-abogado-experto-en-derecho-concursal-deportivoen-nuestro-deporte-profesional-ha-llegado-el-momento-de-generar-un-debate-a-fondo-serio-sobre-el-derecho-a-la-informacion/|access-date=2020-10-27|website=Diario Jurídico|language=es}}</ref>

Tebas has worked for eleven [[La Liga|LALIGA]] clubs, with his first role being president of [[SD Huesca]] in 1993.<ref name="LIS">{{cite web|url=http://www.leadersinsport.com/_about.cfm?pid=136 |title=Javier Tebas |publisher=Leaders in Sport |access-date=21 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324030059/http://www.leadersinsport.com/_about.cfm?pid=136 |archive-date=24 March 2015 }}</ref><ref name="Espana"/> He served three terms as the vice-president of Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional,<ref name="LIS" /> being elected for the first time in 2001, and also worked for the G30 group of clubs, where he helped the clubs negotiate their television deals.<ref name="LIS" /><ref name="Espana" /><ref>{{cite news|url= http://elpais.com/diario/2003/08/22/deportes/1061503202_850215.html| title=El G-30 insiste en su plante| last=Sanz| first=Óscar| work=[[El País]]| date=22 August 2003|access-date=21 May 2016|language=es}}</ref>

In 2013, Tebas was appointed the president of La Liga after an uncontested election in which he was supported by 32 of the 42 Primera and [[Segunda División]] clubs.<ref name="Espana"/> Prior to the election, Tebas had promised to clean up the Spanish game after [[match-fixing]] allegations, and also to make match tickets affordable.<ref name="LIS"/><ref name="Espana"/><ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.sport.es/es/noticias/liga-bbva/javier-tebas-presentara-presidencia-liga-futbol-profesional-2319343| title= Javier Tebas se presentará a la presidencia de la Liga de Fútbol Profesional| work=[[Sport (Spanish newspaper)|Sport]]| date=15 February 2013| access-date=21 May 2016| language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url= http://www.libertaddigital.com/deportes/futbol/2013-04-26/javier-tebas-proclamado-definitivamente-como-nuevo-presidente-de-la-liga-1276488623/| title= Javier Tebas, proclamado definitivamente como nuevo presidente de la Liga| work=[[Libertad Digital]]| date=26 April 2013| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref>

Tebas studied [[law]] at the [[University of Zaragoza]]. During his student days, he was a provincial delegate of the [[Far-right politics|far-right]] party's youth, [[Fuerza Nueva]], a reminiscence of [[Francisco Franco|Franco]]'s regime nostalgics.<ref name="Espana"/> In January 2019, Tebas announced his support for the far-right nationalist [[Vox (Spanish political party)|Vox]] party.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/european/la-liga-javier-tebas-vox-andalucia-partido-a8732291.html|title='I will vote for them': La Liga president backs far-right party Vox|first=Ed|last=Malyon|date=17 January 2019|work=The Independent}}</ref> He is a supporter of [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]], although he has claimed that this does not affect his neutrality as president.<ref name="Telegraph"/><ref name="SB">{{cite news |last=Mazariegos |first=Luiz |date=1 March 2016 |title=La Liga President Javier Tebas: "Clubs of independent Catalonia cannot play in the league" |work=[[SB Nation]] |url=http://www.barcablaugranes.com/2016/3/1/11138978/la-liga-president-javier-tebas-clubs-of-an-independent-catalonia |access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref>

The arrival of Javier Tebas as president saw a radical change in the performance of La Liga. Among the key initiatives to have been introduced since he took the role of vice president (and later president) are: economic restructuring of the clubs and financing of La Liga,<ref name="Expansión.com-2017">{{Cite web|date=2017-02-03|title=Así están las finanzas del fútbol español: ingresos récord y deuda en mínimos|url=https://www.expansion.com/directivos/deporte-negocio/2017/02/03/589473e4e2704e7f678b45ad.html|access-date=2020-10-27|website=Expansión.com|language=es}}</ref> achieved by the centralised sale of television broadcasting rights;<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-12-02|title=Javier Tebas: "El reparto más equitativo de los derechos de TV hace que LaLiga sea más competitiva"|url=https://www.elespanol.com/invertia/empresas/20181202/javier-tebas-psoe-podemos-impuestos-futbolistas-laliga/357215606_0.html|access-date=2020-10-27|website=El Español|language=es-ES}}</ref> tough measures against match-fixing;<ref>{{Cite web|title="Anyone guilty of match fixing will end up in jail"|url=https://www.laliga.com/en-GB/news/anyone-guilty-of-match-fixing-will-end-up-in-jail|access-date=2020-10-27|website=Anyone guilty of match fixing will end up in jail|language=en}}</ref> establishing policies to tackle violence or abuse in the stadiums;<ref>{{Cite news|author=|date=2020-01-26|title=La Liga unveils action plan in response to racist and violent incidents|language=es|work=Reuters|url=https://es.reuters.com/article/uk-soccer-spain-violence-idUKKBN1ZP0TC|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031005545/https://es.reuters.com/article/uk-soccer-spain-violence-idUKKBN1ZP0TC|url-status=dead|archive-date=31 October 2020|access-date=2020-10-27}}</ref> and digitalization and multimedia development that allows fans to interact with the clubs across multiple channels.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sánchez|first=Ángel Húguez|title=Tecnología al servicio de la pasión por LaLiga|url=https://www.eleconomista.com.mx/deportes/Tecnologia-al-servicio-de-la-pasion-por-LaLiga-20200304-0124.html|access-date=2020-10-27|website=El Economista}}</ref>

Regarding the centralized sale of television rights, this was a process that was achieved following the formation of the G-30, a group of clubs that united for the sale of their television rights, of which Javier Tebas was one of the main promoters. Since 2003, Tebas has taken a stance in favor of the centralized sale of television rights through La Liga. His work as head of the G-30 has gradually reduced the income gap between large and small clubs.<ref name="Espana" />

Another of his achievements within La Liga has been the financial restructuring of the clubs. The large amounts of debt the football clubs had, led to the members themselves, the clubs, to self-impose strict economic and financial control measures that would be applied by La Liga. For this task, Tebas called upon Javier Gomez, former vice president of [[Valencia CF|Valencia]], appointing him as his second in command and managing director with the responsibility of enforcing the new internal regulations.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-05-10|title=Javier Gómez, nombrado nuevo director general de la LFP|url=https://as.com/futbol/2013/05/10/primera/1368205250_112600.html|access-date=2020-10-27|website=AS.com|language=es}}</ref>

Following the implementation of economic control from 2013 onwards, La Liga reported that during the first four years of Tebas's tenure, debts to the treasury were reduced by 71% (from €647 million to €184 million) and total revenues increased by 48% (from €2.236 million to €3.327 million) in June 2017.<ref name="Expansión.com-2017" />

In this regard, former football player and coach Jorge Valdano said of him:<blockquote>"Although we differ ideologically, I will say that Tebas did more for Spanish football than all his critics combined. Whatever his future holds, he won't go backwards, because his style is to be on front line. Since his arrival, LaLiga has become richer, more democratic in its distribution of money, more rigorous with its contracts, more professional in how it stages matches and more respectful of its sense of identity. No one did more or risked more to make sure LaLiga could reach these ends". Jorge Valdano "Tebas and Mr. Lobo" ''El País'', July 31, 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Valdano|first=Jorge|date=2020-07-31|title=Tebas y el señor Lobo|url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2020-07-31/tebas-y-el-senor-lobo.html|access-date=2020-10-27|website=EL PAÍS|language=es}}</ref></blockquote>

The centralised management of audiovisual rights made it possible to incorporate many changes and significantly increase the income of the clubs. In order to increase its television audience, match schedules were adapted so that the games did not coincide with each other and could each have a distinct kick-off time; these measures were applauded internationally but drew criticism among Spanish viewers.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-01-28|title=Mendizorroza clama contra Tebas y los inhóspitos horarios de la Liga|url=https://alaves.elcorreo.com/cinco-minutos-tarde-20190128204106-nt.html|access-date=2020-10-27|website=Alaves - El Correo|language=es}}</ref>

==Controversies==
During his tenure, Tebas has said that Spanish league matches could be held outside of Spain, following the path of leagues such as the US-based [[National Basketball Association]] in playing regular season matches abroad. The plans are to hold one match per season outside of Spain, and Tebas has said that [[El Clásico]] would not be one of the matches selected.<ref name="Telegraph"/><ref>{{cite news| url= https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/la-liga-president-javier-tebas-6855872| title= La Liga president Javier Tebas admits Spanish league games could be played abroad| last=Malyon| first=Ed| work=[[Daily Mirror]]| date=18 November 2015| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> La Liga's attempts to organize and hold a match in Miami<ref>{{Cite web|last=Calderón|first=David|title=Web oficial del Villarreal CF - Comunicado oficial|url=https://www.villarrealcf.es/noticias/todas-las-noticias/item/25775-comunicado-oficial-villarreal-atletico-miami|access-date=2020-10-27|website=Web oficial del Villarreal CF|language=es-es}}</ref> have so far been stopped by the Spanish Football Federation (RFEF), who are against it.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-01-26|title=La Liga insiste con Miami y mira a la NBA|url=https://www.abc.es/deportes/futbol/abci-liga-insiste-miami-y-mira-nba-202001260109_noticia.html|access-date=2020-10-27|website=abc|language=es}}</ref>

He has also said that if the [[Catalonia]] region [[Catalan independence movement|became independent]] from Spain, then its football teams, including [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]] and [[RCD Espanyol|Espanyol]], would not be allowed to compete in the Spanish football leagues.<ref name="SB" />

[[file:Tebas-16-08-13.JPG|thumb|Tebas in 2013]]
In January 2019, Tebas announced his support for the far-right nationalist [[Vox (Spanish political party)|Vox]] party. Stating "They seem good to me", Tebas elaborated on Cadena Cope, "I've been saying it for a while. Spain needed an alternative like Vox. You have to respect the 400,000 people that have voted for them in Andalusia. If they stay on this line, then I will vote for Vox."<ref name="auto"/> In the 2019 Spanish general election, Vox obtained 4 million votes and 52 seats, becoming the third-largest political presence and ceasing to be a minor political party in Spain.<ref>{{Cite news|last=González|first=Miguel|date=2019-11-11|title=Vox se convierte en tercera fuerza del nuevo Congreso|language=es|work=El País|url=https://elpais.com/politica/2019/11/10/actualidad/1573408910_887506.html|access-date=2020-10-27|issn=1134-6582}}</ref>

Tebas was critical of former UEFA acting president [[Ángel María Villar]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-05-10|title=La Liga chief Javier Tebas renews feud with acting UEFA boss Angel Maria Villar|url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/football/liga/2015-2016/la-liga-chief-javier-tebas-renews-feud-with-acting-uefa-boss-angel-maria-villar_sto5567541/story.shtml|access-date=2020-10-27|website=Eurosport UK|language=en}}</ref> who also headed the Royal Spanish Football Federation for many years. In 2017, Villar was arrested and jailed on corruption charges.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Pérez|first=Fernando J.|date=2017-07-21|title=Villar y su hijo Gorka, a la cárcel sin fianza|language=es|work=El País|url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2017/07/20/actualidad/1500560875_815376.html|access-date=2020-10-27|issn=1134-6582}}</ref> Tebas has also been critical of [[FIFA]], saying that they need an overhaul of personnel in order to regain the trust of the footballing community.<ref>{{cite news| url= http://www.dailystar.com.lb/Sports/Football/2015/Oct-22/319841-fifa-incapable-of-change-from-within-spanish-league-chief.ashx| title= FIFA incapable of change from within: Spanish league chief| work=[[Agence France-Presse]]|via=[[The Daily Star (Lebanon)|The Daily Star]]| date=22 October 2015| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> Tebas blamed FIFA for contract information leaks by the [[Football Leaks]] website about contract details of La Liga players.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.football-espana.net/56692/tebas-fifa-fault-contract-leaks| title= Tebas: FIFA at fault for contract leaks|work=Football Espana| date=10 February 2016| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref>

Tebas has led opposition to the European Super League or any UEFA plan to establish a system of semi-closed European competitions that gives more power to big clubs at the cost of medium and small clubs.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DER SPIEGEL {{!}} Online-Nachrichten|url=https://www.spiegel.de/consent-a-?targetUrl=https://www.spiegel.de/international/world/football-documents-show-secret-plans-for-elite-league-of-top-clubs-a-1236447.html&ref=https://www.google.com/|access-date=2020-10-27|website=www.spiegel.de}}</ref> His reasoning is that these proposals would mean the end of football "as we know it today" and would be very harmful to national leagues and clubs, as well as fans, who could see their local clubs disappear.

Tebas also argues that the plans would be damaging to the big clubs and organizers of these proposed 'superleagues'. Tebas claims that although the plans may appear lucrative for this small group of clubs, in the long run fans would lose interest and the clubs would lose income.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-20|title=Tebas: "Una Superliga supondrá muchos daños económicos a los propios organizadores"|url=https://www.20minutos.es/deportes/noticia/4424338/0/tebas-superliga-europea-dano-economico-organizadores/|access-date=2020-10-27|website=20 minutos |language=es}}</ref>

The current superleague debate has been ongoing in the football industry since 2019. In May of the same year, all of the national leagues in Europe met in Madrid, at an event coordinated by La Liga, to express their disapproval of any such plans.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Top English clubs in bombshell talks to join European Premier League|url=https://news.sky.com/story/top-english-clubs-in-bombshell-talks-to-join-european-premier-league-12109175|access-date=2020-10-27|website=Sky News|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-05-07|title=Tebas: 'Hay que parar la reforma de las competiciones en Europa. No me creo ese farol'|url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/laliga/20190507/462104844661/tebas-liga.html|access-date=2020-10-27|website=Mundo Deportivo|language=es}}</ref>

Tebas has also been a vocal critic of what he deems "financial doping" within football.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2020/jan/20/la-liga-president-javier-tebas-criticises-fifa-richest-clubs-danger|title=La Liga president criticises Fifa and says richest clubs are 'danger' to game|last=MacInnes|first=Paul|date=2020-01-20|work=The Guardian|access-date=2020-01-22|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> He has stated that state-run football clubs, such as [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] and [[Paris Saint-Germain F.C.|Paris Saint-Germain]], are a "danger" to the sport.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.as.com/en/2019/08/06/football/1565114936_785696.html|title='State clubs' Man City, PSG are dangers to game - La Liga chief|date=2019-08-06|website=AS.com|language=en|access-date=2020-01-22}}</ref>

After Real Madrid striker [[Vinicius Jr]] was racially abused by [[Valencia C.F.|Valencia]] fans on 21 May 2023, he called Spain "a nation of racists". Tebas responded by claiming that Vinicius did not turn up for meetings to discuss what La Liga "can do in cases of racism", adding: "Before you criticise and slander La Liga, you need to inform yourself properly."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/65678382|title=Tebas comments make my blood boil - Richards|via=www.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{commons category}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tebas, Javier}}
[[Category:1962 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Spanish business executives]]
[[Category:La Liga]]
[[Category:20th-century Spanish lawyers]]
[[Category:People from San José, Costa Rica]]
[[Category:Spanish fascists]]
[[Category:Francoists]]
[[Category:Spanish nationalists]]
[[Category:Far-right politicians in Spain]]
[[Category:Spanish football chairmen and investors]]
[[Category: Association football controversies]]
[[Category:University of Zaragoza alumni]]
[[Category:21st-century Spanish lawyers]]

Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional

2023-05-26T08:31:05Z

Shiclanero: Racism and sanctions

{{distinguish|Ligue de Football Professionnel}}
{{Infobox organization
| name = Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional (LaLiga)
| image = LaLiga.svg
| formation = {{Start date and age|1984|07|27|df=y}}
| type = Sports association
| headquarters = Calle Torrelaguna 60, [[Ciudad Lineal]], [[Madrid]], Spain
| leader_title = President
| leader_name = [[Javier Tebas Medrano|Javier Tebas]]
| key_people =
| main_organ = General Assembly
| parent_organization =
| affiliations = [[European Leagues]]
| budget =
| remarks =
| image_border =
| size = 160px
| msize =
| malt =
| mcaption =
| abbreviation =
| location =
| region_served = [[Spain]], [[Andorra]]
| membership = 42 football clubs
| num_volunteers =
}}
The '''Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional'''{{efn|Spanish pronunciation: {{IPA-es|ˈliɣa naθjoˈnal de ˈfuðβol pɾofesjoˈnal|}}.}} ({{translation|National Professional Football League}}), also known as '''LaLiga''' (the abbreviation '''LFP''' was also used until the 2015-16 season), is a sports association responsible for administering the two professional [[Association football|football]] leagues in [[Spain]], the [[La Liga|Primera División (aka "La Liga")]] and [[Segunda División]]. Founded in 1984, the organisation has independent legal status from the [[Royal Spanish Football Federation|Spanish Football Federation]] (RFEF) and it is autonomous in its operations. Its main role, in addition to defending its members' interests, is to organise the National League Championship in conjunction with the RFEF.

LaLiga has been detecting and denouncing attitudes of racism, xenophobia and violence to the RFEF Competition Committee and the Spanish State Anti-Violence Commission for years. Faced with what LaLiga considered to be inaction on the part of these bodies, it filed a complaint with the Hate Prosecutor's Office some time ago. However, due to the disparate criteria and the lack of convictions by the prosecutor's office, LaLiga went a step further and since the 22/23 season has gone directly to court in the case of racist insults. This route, although it is starting to produce results, is slow. That is why, given the lack of sanctions and sentences for what LaLiga denounces, LaLiga has requested sanctioning powers to decree the total or partial closure of sports venues, the prohibition of access to the same and the imposition of economic sanctions. LaLiga has also stated that if they are given the sanctioning powers, they will put an end to racism in football in a matter of months.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Morgan |first=Tom |date=2023-05-25 |title=La Liga ‘can end racism in six months’, claims president Javier Tebas |language=en-GB |work=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2023/05/25/la-liga-javier-tebas-racism-vinicius/ |access-date=2023-05-26 |issn=0307-1235}}</ref>

The Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional rejects the European Super League for being an exclusive and exclusionary championship that does not reward sporting merit, eliminates domestic leagues as the vehicle for earning a place in Europe's elite, and bases its governance model on the power of wealthy clubs.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-22 |title=Oficial: Rechazo unánime a la Superliga de los otros 39 clubes de LaLiga |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/laliga/20210422/493400565520/oficial-rechazo-unanime-a-la-superliga-de-los-39-clubes-de-laliga.html |access-date=2023-03-06 |website=Mundo Deportivo |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=sportyou |date=2021-04-22 |title=Condena unánime de LaLiga a la Superliga |url=https://www.sportyou.es/noticias/condena-unanime-de-laliga-a-la-superliga-768880 |access-date=2023-03-06 |website=SPORTYOU |language=es}}</ref>

LaLiga is headquartered at the Murano Building, in Calle de Torrelaguna 60, [[Madrid]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/deportes/la-liga-estrena-sede-de-4-300-metros-cuadrados_128975_102.html|website=Crónica Global|via=[[El Español]]|date=21 March 2018|title=La Liga estrena sede de 4.300 metros cuadrados}}</ref> Since 2013, [[Javier Tebas]] serves as the chairman of the organisation.

== Competition: National League Championship ==
The 42 member clubs of LaLiga are grouped into two divisions: [[La Liga|''Primera División'' or LaLiga Santander]] (20 clubs) and ''[[Segunda División]]'' or LaLiga SmartBank (22 clubs). In any given season a club plays each of the others in the same division twice, once at their home stadium and once at that of their opponents. This makes for a total of 38 games played each season in LaLiga and 42 in Segunda División.

Clubs gain three points for a win, one for a draw, and none for a defeat. At the end of each season, the club with the most points in LaLiga Santander is crowned champion. If points are equal, the head-to-head records determine the winner. If still equal, the goal difference and then goals scored become the deciding factors. As for Segunda División, at the top end three clubs win promotion to LaLiga, with the bottom three LaLiga clubs taking their places. At the lower end, four clubs are relegated to [[Primera División RFEF]], while four teams from Primera División RFEF join LaLiga SmartBank in their stead.

The National League Championship has only been interrupted on two occasions throughout its history, during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) and in 2020 due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-03-12|title=OFICIAL: LaLiga Santander y LaLiga SmartBank, suspendidas por coronavirus|url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/laliga/20200312/474096980979/liga-primera-segunda-suspension-coronavirus.html|access-date=2020-07-09|website=Mundo Deportivo|language=es}}</ref>The competitions were suspended between 9 March and 11 June 2020, when they began again without spectators.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-03-09|title=Así seguimos la crisis del coronavirus durante el confinamiento en el deporte|url=https://www.eurosport.es/polideportivo/ultima-hora-coronavirus-en-directo-suspenden-eventos-deportivos_sto7699000/story.shtml|access-date=2021-07-20|website=Eurosport Espana|language=es}}</ref>

== LaLiga Teams ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!''Primera División''
LaLiga Santander
!''Segunda División''
LaLiga SmartBank
|-
|
*[[UD Almería|Almería]]
*[[Athletic Bilbao|Athletic Club]]
*[[Atlético de Madrid]]
*[[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]]
*[[Cádiz CF|Cádiz]]
*[[RC Celta de Vigo|Celta Vigo]]
*[[Elche CF|Elche]]
*[[RCD Espanyol|Espanyol]]
*[[Getafe CF|Getafe]]
*[[Girona FC|Girona]]
*[[RCD Mallorca|Mallorca]]
*[[CA Osasuna|Osasuna]]
*[[Rayo Vallecano]]
*[[Real Betis]]
*[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]]
*[[Real Sociedad]]
*[[Sevilla FC|Sevilla]]
*[[Valencia CF|Valencia]]
*[[Real Valladolid]]
*[[Villarreal CF|Villarreal]]
|
*[[Deportivo Alavés]]
*[[Albacete Balompié|Albacete]]
*[[FC Andorra|Andorra]]
*[[Burgos CF|Burgos]]
*[[FC Cartagena|Cartagena]]
*[[SD Eibar|Eibar]]
*[[Granada CF|Granada]]
*[[SD Huesca|Huesca]]
*[[UD Ibiza|Ibiza]]
*[[UD Las Palmas|Las Palmas]]
*[[CD Leganés|Leganés]]
*[[Levante UD|Levante]]
*[[CD Lugo|Lugo]]
*[[Málaga CF|Málaga]]
*[[CD Mirandés|Mirandés]]
*[[Real Oviedo]]
*[[SD Ponferradina|Ponferradina]]
*[[Racing de Santander]]
*[[Sporting de Gijón|Sporting Gijón]]
*[[CD Tenerife|Tenerife]]
*[[Villarreal CF B|Villarreal B]]
*[[Real Zaragoza]]
|}

== Organisation ==
Headquartered in Madrid, the institution is also present in 55 countries through its 11 offices and 46 delegates. The majority of the association's social outreach work is carried out by its Foundation.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-06-23|title=Fundación LaLiga supera en entidades sin ánimo de lucro a clubes europeos|url=https://www.lavanguardia.com/deportes/20180623/45348945238/fundacion-laliga-supera-en-entidades-sin-animo-de-lucro-a-clubes-europeos.html|access-date=2020-07-09|website=La Vanguardia|language=es}}</ref>
Featuring amongst LaLiga's main responsibilities is the organisation of the professional football competitions, the implementation of a financial control system, managing the centralised sale of the audiovisual rights and overseeing an internationalisation and technology leadership strategy.
During the COVID-19 pandemic and in light of the announcement of a state of alarm that saw citizens confined to their homes, LaLiga organised various cultural and sports events online.<ref>{{Cite web|title=LaLiga y SKY estrenan programas exclusivos de clubes y jugadores|url=https://www.elgrafico.com/futbol/LaLiga-y-SKY-estrenan-programas-exclusivos-de-clubes-y-jugadores-20200420-0010.html|access-date=2020-07-09|website=El Gráfico|language=es-ES}}</ref>

=== General Assembly ===
The General Assembly is the [[deliberative assembly]] of la "Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional". It is composed of the 42 football clubs and public limited sports companies ({{lang|es|[[Sociedad Anónima Deportiva]]}}, S.A.D.) that make up the [[La Liga|Primera]] and [[Segunda División]]. Each club/S.A.D. is usually represented by its respective president.

===President===
The president, along with the other members of the Executive Committee, is responsible for the day-to-day running of the organisation. The current president is [[Javier Tebas]], who was elected to the post in April 2013 and re-elected in October 2016 and in December 2019. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-soccer-spain-tebas/tebas-reelected-la-liga-president-for-third-stint-idUKKBN1YR22R|publisher=Reuters|access-date=23 December 2019|title=Tebas reelected La Liga president for third stint}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.laliga.es/en/lfp/presidents|publisher=La Liga|access-date=25 September 2017|title=Presidents}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!President
!Club
!Term
|-
| [[Manuel Vega-Arango|Manuel Vega-Arango Alvaré]]
| [[Sporting Gijón]]
| 1983 – 1984
|-
| {{ill|Antonio Baró Armengol|es|Antonio Baró Armengol}}
| [[Espanyol]]
| 11 December 1984 – 11 February 2001
|-
| {{ill|Pedro Tomás Marqués|es|Pedro Tomás Marqués}}
| [[Espanyol]]
| 11 February 2001 – 9 June 2004
|-
| [[José Luis Astiazarán]] (interim)
| [[Real Sociedad]]
| 9 June 2004 – 22 June 2005
|-
| Guillermo Cabello Valero (interim)
| [[Terrassa FC|Terrassa]]
| 22 June 2005
|-
| Carlos del Campo Cola (interim)
| N/A
| 2005
|-
| [[José Luis Astiazarán]]
| [[Real Sociedad]]
| 15 July 2005 – 26 April 2013
|-
| [[Javier Tebas Medrano]]
| N/A
| 26 April 2013 – present
|}

== Name & Sponsorships ==
In its first statutes, which were passed in 1984, the organisation was officially named as the National Professional Football League, although amongst the media and supporters the institution's name was shortened and informally referred to as La Liga or the Professional Football League, with the acronym "LFP" commonly used.

In the 1996/97 season, the media began to refer to the competition by its nickname, Liga de las estrellas ('League of the stars'). The onset of financial prosperity, conversion of clubs to SADs, sale of audiovisual rights and the Bosman ruling, which enabled greater movement of European Union footballers (and other foreigners, including South American and African players), attracted the best foreign footballers and saw the Spanish game take off once and for all.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-08-24|title=▷ Así nació La LIGA de las ESTRELLAS {{!}} Temporada 1996-1997|url=https://memoriasdelfutbol.com/la-liga-las-estrellas-1996-1997/|access-date=2020-07-14|website=Memorias del Fútbol|language=es}}</ref> At this time, the competition was often referred to as the Professional Football League, despite this not being its official name.

This unofficial moniker, which didn't represent any issue amongst the Spanish media, did begin to prove problematic, given that it was identical to and featured the same acronym as France's Ligue de Football Professionnel (LFP).<ref>{{Cite web|title=De la LFP a LaLiga, el día en que la marca del fútbol empezó a ‘latir’|url=https://www.palco23.com/competiciones/de-la-lfp-a-laliga-el-dia-en-que-la-marca-del-futbol-empezo-a-latir.html|access-date=2020-07-14|website=www.palco23.com|language=es}}</ref>

The competition's first sponsorship agreement was signed with BBVA. From 2008, the top flight's name featured BBVA, its lead sponsor, and was known as the Liga BBVA, whilst the second rung was referred to as the Liga Adelante.<ref>{{Cite web|title=El portal en castellano sobre branding, marcas, identidad corporativa, logotipos…|url=http://brandemia.org/|access-date=2020-07-14|website=El portal en castellano sobre branding, marcas, identidad corporativa, logotipos…|language=es}}</ref> The sponsorship deal with BBVA ran up until the 2015/16 campaign.

On 21 July 2016, the association signed a three-year sponsorship deal with Santander Bank.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Doble|first=El Seis|date=2018-09-30|title=LaLiga Santander… ¿Por qué se llama así a la Primera División?|url=https://clandefutbol.com/espana-primera-division-laliga-santander|access-date=2020-07-14|website=Clan de Fútbol|language=es}}</ref> This saw the name of the league regain independence as it came to be known as LaLiga whilst the organisation's corporate identity was revamped. The sponsorship agreement with Santander Bank resulted in new names for the institution's two main competitions. The top flight was renamed as LaLiga Santander, whilst the second tier would now be known as LaLiga 1|2|3.<ref>{{Cite web|title=El portal en castellano sobre branding, marcas, identidad corporativa, logotipos…|url=http://brandemia.org/|access-date=2020-07-14|website=El portal en castellano sobre branding, marcas, identidad corporativa, logotipos…|language=es}}</ref> The latter underwent another name change in August 2019, when it became known as LaLiga SmartBank.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mata|first=Alfonso|date=2019-07-30|title=Santander cambia el nombre de la ‘Liga 1{{!}}2{{!}}3’ a ‘LaLiga SmartBank'|url=https://www.que.es/ultimas-noticias/santander-cambia-el-nombre-de-la-liga-123-a-laliga-smartbank.html|access-date=2020-07-14|website=Qué!|language=es}}</ref>

In short, the association's only official names are LaLiga and the National Professional Football League.

=== Ball Sponsorship ===
[[Nike, Inc.|Nike]] was the official ball supplier of LaLiga for more than 10 seasons between the 1996/97 season and the 2018/19 season, taking over from [[Adidas]]. From 2019–20, German [[Sportswear (activewear)|sportswear]] company [[Puma SE|Puma]] became the official provider of match balls.<ref>{{cite press release|title=PUMA BECOMES OFFICIAL PARTNER OF SPANISH FOOTBALL LEAGUE "LALIGA"|url=https://about.puma.com/en/newsroom/corporate-news/2019/2019-04-15-puma-becomes-official-parnter-of-spanish-laliga|access-date=15 April 2019|publisher=Puma}}</ref>

=== Official match ball ===
* 1996–1998: Nike 850 Geo
* 1998–2000: Nike 800 Geo
* 2000–2002: Nike Geo Merlin
* 2002–2004: Nike Geo Merlin Vapor
* 2004–2006: Nike T90 Aerow I
* 2006–2008: Nike T90 Aerow II
* 2008–2009: Nike T90 Omni
* 2009–2010: Nike T90 Ascente
* 2010–2011: Nike T90 Tracer
* 2011–2012: Nike Seitiro
* 2012–2013: Nike Maxim
* 2013–2014: Nike Incyte
* 2014–2015: Nike Ordem 2
* 2015–2016: Nike Ordem 3
* 2016–2017: Nike Ordem 4
* 2017–2018: Nike Ordem 5
* 2018–2019: Nike Merlin
* 2019–present: Puma

== Financial management ==

=== Cleaning up finances & financial controls ===
A process involving a clean-up of Spanish football's finances and the implementation of financial control measures began in 2013 in response to the critical financial plight of the majority of the clubs. In an assembly meeting held on 21 May 2014, the clubs approved the Financial Control Regulations for the National Professional Football League Member Clubs and Public Limited Sports Companies, which saw the clubs and SADs self-impose a series of stricter regulations than those enforced by UEFA and establish that LaLiga would be responsible for overseeing a financial control system and monitoring of its member clubs and SADs.<ref>{{Cite web|title=El “fair play financiero” en el fútbol profesional|url=https://www.elnotario.es/hemeroteca/revista-84/9283-el-fair-play-financiero-en-el-futbol-profesional|access-date=2020-07-10|website=EL NOTARIO DEL SIGLO XXI|language=es-es}}</ref>

This saw the clubs and SADs embark on a process during which they settled outstanding player wages and reduced their debts with the Spanish tax authorities (AEAT) and social security. This led to improved financial solvency and established fair competition between clubs, avoiding financial doping.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-07-18|title=Javier Tebas: “Y con Hacienda, deuda cero en la 2019-20”|url=https://as.com/futbol/2016/07/18/primera/1468801971_150821.html|access-date=2020-07-10|website=AS.com|language=es}}</ref>

=== Audiovisual Rights ===
LaLiga's progress and consolidation is also the result of the centralised marketing of the audiovisual rights of the top-flight and second-tier clubs (LaLiga Santander and LaLiga Smart Bank) and public limited sports companies. The centralised sale of audiovisual rights, which represents the clubs' primary source of revenue, was approved during the Congress of Deputies held on 14 May 2015, with the regulations established in the Royal Decree-Law 5/2015.<ref>{{Cite web|last=AS|first=Diario|date=2015-05-14|title=El Congreso aprueba el Real Decreto con 194 votos a favor|url=https://as.com/futbol/2015/05/14/primera/1431605251_237651.html|access-date=2020-07-10|website=AS.com|language=es}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=BOE.es - Normas ELI|url=https://www.boe.es/eli/es/rdl/2015/04/30/|access-date=2020-07-10|website=www.boe.es}}</ref>

This decree law put an end to the tug-of-war between LaLiga, the RFEF and the government, which began in 1997 with the ruling that one game per week must be shown free.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-05-07|title=Spain's LFP plans action to block Liga strike|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/spanish-primera-división/story/2438131/spains-lfp-plans-legal-action-to-block-federations-strike|access-date=2020-07-10|website=ESPN.com|language=en}}</ref>

=== Socio-economic impact ===
The financial activity generated by LaLiga represents a strategic sector.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Press|first=Europa|date=2020-04-21|title=Irene Lozano: "Jugar sin público será inevitable durante bastantes meses"|url=https://www.europapress.es/deportes/futbol-00162/noticia-irene-lozano-jugar-publico-sera-inevitable-bastantes-meses-20200421234949.html|access-date=2020-07-10|website=www.europapress.es}}</ref> According to a study published by [[PricewaterhouseCoopers|Price Waterhouse Coopers]] (PwC) in 2019, the competition generated €15.7 billion in the 2016/17 season, which represented 1.37% of Spain's GDP and provided 185,000 direct and [[indirect job]] positions.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-02-28|title=El fútbol profesional español genera 184.626 empleos y 4.100 millones en impuestos|url=https://www.expansion.com/directivos/deporte-negocio/2019/02/28/5c77f44b268e3e572d8b45d1.html|access-date=2020-07-10|website=EXPANSION|language=es}}</ref>

The PwC report reveals that the financial impact of the professional football industry in the 2016/17 season was double the levels recorded in the 2012/13 campaign, when its impact was valued at €7.6bn and accounted for 0.75% of Spain's GDP. Meanwhile, the industry's impact on employment opportunities experienced a 28% increase during this same period (rising from 140,000 to 184,600 job positions) and tax receipts rose by 41%, from €3bn to €4.1bn.

Football generates revenue for other businesses that use the game as a lever to generate activity. This 'tractor impact' reveals that of the €2.4bn that supporters spent on matchdays, €1.07bn was spent inside the stadium, €1.23bn in bars and €100bn on tourist activities; €561 million was spent on pay-TV channels and media consumption apiece, whist €261m was spent on betting and €217m on video games.

Every euro of revenue earned by LaLiga generated €4.20 across the rest of the activities and each of the competition's job positions created another four roles in other sectors. In terms of the contribution to Spain's tax coffers, the professional football industry contributed €4.1bn.
{| class="wikitable"
|+<big>Soccer Stadium Assistance</big>
!Season
!People
!Percent
|-
|2019-2020
|11.076.913
|<math>\blacktriangle 2,89</math>
|-
|2018-2019
|14.812.356
|<math>\blacktriangle 3,77</math>
|-
|2017-2018
|14.273.818
|<math>\blacktriangle 1,58</math>
|-
|2016-2017
|14.051.405
|<math>\blacktriangle 0,27</math>
|-
|2015-2016
|14.014.099
|<math>\blacktriangle 2,52</math>
|-
|2014-2015
|13.669.664
|<math>\blacktriangle 4,22</math>
|-
|2013-2014
|13.116.414
|<math>\blacktriangle 3,47</math>
|}
<small>Ref: LaLiga.com</small>

According to the Economic-Financial Report for the 2019-2020 season, the first season affected by the confinement and restrictions of the COVID-19 pandemic, Spanish soccer manifested its strength and sustainability, exceeding 5 billion in revenues for the first time, despite the impact of the pandemic. LaLiga was the only major league competition to achieve a positive net result (77 million euros), and the one that generates the most revenue per capita. All of this was thanks to the responsibility shown by Spanish clubs in containing costs.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-06-29|title=LaLiga cierra la 2019/20 con unos ingresos récord de 5.045M pese al impacto del covid|url=https://www.elconfidencial.com/deportes/futbol/2021-06-29/laliga-ingresos-impacto-covid-bra_3155363/|access-date=2021-07-20|website=elconfidencial.com|language=es}}</ref>

=== Seasonal Income ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Season
!Income
|-
|2020-21
|3.820 M€
|-
|2019-20
|5.045 M€
|-
|2018-19
|4.871 M€
|-
|2017-18
|4.433 M€
|-
|2016-17
|3.708 M€
|-
|2015-16
|3.209 M€
|-
|2014-15
|2.870 M€
|-
|2013-14
|2.688 M€
|}

<small>Ref: LaLiga</small><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cuentas anuales|url=https://www.laliga.com/transparencia/gestion-economica/cuentas-anuales|access-date=2021-07-20|website=Página web oficial de LaLiga {{!}} LaLiga|language=es}}</ref>

In 2021 LaLiga contributed more than €125 million to other entities for the development of non-professional soccer and other sports. Of this amount, the RFEF received 52% (€65.6 million), the CSD 39.5% (€48.8 million) and the players' unions 8.9% (€11.3 million). This means an increase of 13% with respect to the 19/20 season and 202% with respect to the 14/15 season.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Sabatés|first=Roger|date=2021-06-30|title=La receta económica del fútbol español para vencer a la covid|language=es|work=El País|url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2021/06/29/es_laliga/1624983453_417834.html|access-date=2021-07-20|issn=1134-6582}}</ref>

=== LaLiga - CVC agreement ===
In August 2021, LaLiga agreed on the creation, together with the [[private equity]] fund [[CVC Capital Partners]], of a [[holding company]] and a joint accounts agreement, whereby the fund contributed €2.7 billion in exchange for 10.95% of the profits generated from the commercial exploitation of the different LaLiga products, to be repaid by the clubs over 50 years. The project was called LaLiga Impulse.

LaLiga Impulse was unanimously approved by the clubs at the Delegate Commission of 4 August, 2021 and approved at the General Assembly by a majority of 39 clubs (out of 42 in total) on 12 August. At this assembly, [[Real Madrid CF]], [[FC Barcelona]], [[Athletic Bilbao]] and [[Real Oviedo]] voted against, although the Asturian club finally decided to sign up to the agreement days later to guarantee its sporting project.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-08-29|title=El Real Oviedo acepta el dinero del fondo CVC|url=https://www.elcomercio.es/real-oviedo/real-oviedo-acepta-fondo-cvc-liga-impulsa-20210829120921-nt.html|access-date=2021-11-29|website=El Comercio|language=es}}</ref>

The agreement between CVC and LaLiga foresees the possibility of any club opting out or joining at a later date, where the sums corresponding to these clubs are subtracted from the initial amount. Following the decision by the aforementioned clubs not to form part of it, the final amount was set at around €2.1 billion in exchange for a percentage of almost 10.95% of the commercial profits. As for the use made of the funds by the clubs, 70% must be destined to infrastructure, 15% to settling debt, and the remaining 15% for increasing the wage limit for players in the first three years.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Moñino|first=Ladislao J.|date=2021-08-12|title=Los clubes aprueban el pacto entre LaLiga y CVC, del que se descuelgan Real Madrid, Barcelona y Athletic|url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2021-08-12/los-clubes-aprueban-el-pacto-entre-laliga-y-cvc-del-que-se-descuelgan-real-madrid-y-barcelona.html|access-date=2021-11-29|website=El País|language=es}}</ref>

== Technological resources ==

=== Digitalisation ===
The gradual digitalisation within our society has been mirrored in the professional ranks of the Spanish game, resulting in an enhanced audiovisual product and multimedia development. LaLiga boasts a digital ecosystem that revolves around three elements: channels, services and data, which enable clubs and supporters to interact.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sánchez|first=Ángel Húguez|title=Tecnología al servicio de la pasión por LaLiga|url=https://www.eleconomista.com.mx/deportes/Tecnologia-al-servicio-de-la-pasion-por-LaLiga-20200304-0124.html|access-date=2020-07-14|website=El Economista}}</ref> Through its website, mobile apps and LaLigaSportsTV, the over-the-top platform launched in early 2019, the institution has achieved the participation of those supporters who interact with all of these devices, whilst the services speed up and simplify fan access.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-09-25|title=La plataforma de televisión OTT de LaLiga alcanza los 300.000 usuarios|url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/20190925/47627864637/la-plataforma-de-television-ott-de-laliga-alcanza-los-300000-usuarios.html|access-date=2020-07-14|website=Mundo Deportivo|language=es}}</ref> All of the data generated as a result of this interaction is used to customise content, affording the association the opportunity to tailor content across all of the channels in the ecosystem.

Data has become an essential element of LaLiga's strategy when it comes to centralising, organising, preparing and providing all of the necessary information to make decision-making more effective and efficient. Over time, the clubs have been provided with the various tools and technological applications based on artificial intelligence, which, amongst other purposes, serve to detect cases of match-fixing and assist when making decisions about kick-off times to ensure optimum stadium attendance and viewing figures.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Cortés|first=Javier|date=2019-12-05|title=LaLiga abraza la inteligencia artificial para detectar amaños y fijar horarios de los partidos|url=https://retina.elpais.com/retina/2019/12/04/innovacion/1575470925_266959.html|access-date=2020-07-14|website=EL PAÍS RETINA|language=es}}</ref>

In 2021, LaLiga developed [[LaLiga Tech]], a digital ecosystem based on artificial intelligence data and digital processes that offers technological solutions for sports and entertainment.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Press|first=Europa|date=2021-09-28|title=LaLiga Tech presenta sus soluciones tecnológicas para la era digital del deporte y entretenimiento|url=https://www.europapress.es/deportes/futbol-00162/noticia-laliga-tech-presenta-soluciones-tecnologicas-era-digital-deporte-entretenimiento-20210928165956.html|access-date=2021-12-13|website=www.europapress.es}}</ref>

=== Audiovisual production ===

The biggest games in each round of fixtures are recorded using a 4k High Dynamic Range (HDR) system with 20 HDR cameras, whilst for special fixtures (El Clasico or finals) 30 cameras are employed.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Financiera|first=La Jugada|date=2020-03-01|title=La tecnología, al servicio de El Clásico que verán 650 millones de espectadores de 182 países|url=http://lajugadafinanciera.com/tecnologia-el-clasico-20/|access-date=2020-07-14|website=La Jugada Financiera|language=es-ES|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200316064656/http://lajugadafinanciera.com/tecnologia-el-clasico-20/|archive-date=2020-03-16}}</ref> Since the 2017/18 season, all of the LaLiga stadiums have been equipped with a tactical camera that automatically follows the play and produces a live tactical overview that is made available to the teams' analysts.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-03-02|title=Cámaras especiales de análisis táctico para los clubes|url=https://www.abc.es/deportes/futbol/abci-camaras-especiales-analisis-tactico-para-clubes-201703021600_noticia.html|access-date=2020-07-14|website=abc|language=es}}</ref> In addition, the stadiums also boast an aerial camera that is positioned 21 metres above the pitch,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Os mostramos todos los detalles de la Skycam de LaLiga Santander.|url=https://www.marcadores.com/noticias/skycam-laliga-santander-en-360-grados-2881.html|access-date=2020-07-14|website=www.marcadores.com}}</ref> and 38 ultra-high definition cameras are located around the stadiums to generate 360º volumetric video clips and provide replays of each move from every angle. In addition, Replay 360 technology is also used to generate virtual graphics during live broadcasts.<ref>{{Cite web|last=López|first=Miguel|date=2016-12-02|title=Así funciona el sistema de cámaras que nos permitirá ver las jugadas del próximo Barça-Madrid a 360 grados|url=https://www.xataka.com/fotografia-y-video/asi-funciona-el-sistema-de-camaras-que-nos-permitira-ver-las-jugadas-del-proximo-barca-madrid-a-360-grados|access-date=2020-07-14|website=Xataka|language=es}}</ref>

=== Technological tools ===
Artificial intelligence, a plentiful supply of data and the use of specific tools serve to assist clubs when it comes to making decisions on certain issues.

Mediacoach offers the 42 top-flight and second-tier teams statistical and analytic data (supplied by GPS cameras that monitor each player) regarding the performance levels of every player. This allows for analysis of the play and the technical-tactical and fitness aspects involved in a game.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Los futbolistas de LaLiga tienen una App exclusiva, con reconocimiento facial|url=https://futbolete.com/futboldemarca/los-futbolistas-de-la-liga-espanola-tiene-una-app-exclusiva-con-reconocimiento-facial/442816/|access-date=2020-07-14|website=Futbolete.com|language=es}}</ref>

Players are provided with access to the Players APP, an exclusive application developed for LaLiga players in conjunction with the Club del Deportista magazine, which provides them with the data collected by Mediacoach and personalised information at the end of every game.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-12-06|title=LaLiga lanza una app exclusiva para sus jugadores|url=https://es.besoccer.com/noticia/laliga-lanza-una-app-exclusiva-para-sus-jugadores-757241|access-date=2020-07-14|website=BeSoccer|language=es-ES}}</ref>

Calendar Selector is a LaLiga-developed tool used to optimise stadium attendance and TV audience figures. An algorithm uses tens of historical variables including kick-off times, TV audiences, stadium attendance figures, league standings, etc. to help to optimise decision-making when it comes to scheduling kick-off time.<ref>Juan García, ''Digital Trends'' (February 28, 2019)[https://es.digitaltrends.com/deportes/tecnologia-la-liga-realidad-virtual-5g-var/ "Así es como La Liga utiliza la tecnología a su favor"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401123743/https://es.digitaltrends.com/deportes/tecnologia-la-liga-realidad-virtual-5g-var/ |date=2019-04-01 }}</ref>

Sunlight Broadcasting Planning: This tool involved the reconstruction of the LaLiga stadiums in detailed 3D images. The software allows for a date and kick-off time to be input into the system, which offers a completely accurate picture of the sunlight, light, shade, brightness, etc. and provides a prediction of how this will impact on the supporters and the TV image. This tool is also used to make improved decisions regarding kick-off times.<ref name=":0" />

=== Applications & games ===
As of October 2021, the LaLiga apps had registered over 116 million downloads, of which 80% were from beyond Spain's borders.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Press|first=Europa|date=2020-04-17|title=Las aplicaciones de LaLiga superan los 110 millones de descargas durante el confinamiento|url=https://www.europapress.es/deportes/futbol-00162/noticia-aplicaciones-laliga-superan-110-millones-descargas-confinamiento-20200417125814.html|access-date=2020-07-14|website=www.europapress.es}}</ref> LaLiga has developed the following apps: the official LaLiga App, Quiniela (football pools), club apps (available for 23 LaLiga clubs), LaLiga Fantasy MARCA, Head Football, Tiny Striker LaLiga, LaLiga Top Cards, LaLiga Educational Games and voice assistants (Google, Cortana, Skype, Samsung Bixby, Movistar Home).

In the 2017/18 season, LaLiga entered the virtual world of eSports.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Merino|first=Álex|date=2019-12-17|title=33 equipos de fútbol españoles participarán en la eLaLiga|url=https://esports.as.com/fifa/equipos-futbol-espanoles-participaran-Eliga_0_1310268969.html|access-date=2020-07-14|website=Movistar eSports|language=es}}</ref> During the 2019/20 campaign, the eLaLiga Santander tournament was held as a part of the official EA Sports TM FIFA 20 Global Series in Spain competition, which involved the participation of 33 LaLiga Santander and LaLiga SmartBank teams.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-04-07|title=Zona eLaLiga Santander: FIFA, esports y fútbol en época de confinamiento|url=https://www.marca.com/esports/fifa/2020/04/07/5e8c9b1622601d694b8b45af.html|access-date=2020-07-14|website=Marca.com|language=es}}</ref>

=== Social media ===
In February 2022, LaLiga surpassed 150 million followers across its social media channels (in the 2013/14 season its followers numbered just 3.9m).<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-01-09|title=LaLiga supera los 100 millones de seguidores en redes sociales|url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/laliga/20200109/472796363458/laliga-supera-los-100-millones-de-seguidores-en-redes-sociales.html|access-date=2020-07-14|website=Mundo Deportivo|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=LaLiga supera los 150 millones de seguidores en todas sus redes sociales |url=https://www.laliga.com/noticias/laliga-supera-los-150-millones-de-seguidores-en-todas-sus-redes-sociales |access-date=2022-06-27 |website=Página web oficial de LaLiga {{!}} LaLiga |language=es}}</ref>

The institution has 22 accounts across the following 12 platforms: Facebook, Twitter (LaLiga, LaLigaEN, LaLigaArab, LaLigaBRA, LaLigaFRA, LaLigaJP, LaLigaID, LaLigaTH, LaLigaSports, eSportsLaLiga, Fundación LaLiga), Instagram, YouTube, TikTok, four networks in China (Weibo, WeChat, Douyin, Toutiao); two social media channels in Russia (OK, VK); Line (three accounts: one for Japan, another for Thailand and one for Indonesia).

LaLiga boasts a global audience that spans across the world. The country with the highest number of followers is Spain (7m), followed by Indonesia (over 5.2m); India (more than 5.1m); Mexico (over 5m); Brazil (more than 4.7m) and China and Egypt (over 4m apiece).

When interacting with all of these users, LaLiga communicates in over 15 languages. In addition to addressing followers in Spanish, the institution also communicates its message in English, Arabic, Chinese, French, Japanese, Portuguese, Turkish, Russian, Hindi, Bengali, Indonesia, Thai, Filipino, Danish, Vietnamese, Pidgin English, Swahili, Wolof, Lingala, and Hebrew, amongst other languages.

== Measures against violence, match-fixing & piracy ==
One of the objectives actively pursued by LaLiga is to eradicate violence, xenophobia and racism, match-fixing and audiovisual piracy. LaLiga submits a weekly report to the RFEF and the Anti-violence Committee with information regarding chants heard during matches that incite violence or feature content that is insulting in nature. The aforementioned bodies are the only ones possessing the authority to impose sanctions.<ref>{{Cite web|last=20minutos|date=2015-01-20|title=La LFP emite su primer informe de cánticos que incitan a la violencia en los estadios|url=https://www.20minutos.es/deportes/noticia/liga-futbol-profesional-primer-informe-canticos-incitacion-violencia-estadio-2352911/0/|access-date=2020-07-14|website=www.20minutos.es - Últimas Noticias|agency=[[EFE]]|language=es}}</ref>

With regards to match-fixing, in addition to the use of technology, talks on integrity and security are given to all players involved in both leagues. The technology monitors all bookmakers throughout the world and detects any abnormal betting patterns, which are analysed by experts, and where any suspicion arises, the case is referred to the police and legal authorities. In the fight against match-fixing and the detection of cases through the use of technology, clubs have been equipped with tools such as Tyche 3.0. There have been instances where complaints brought by LaLiga have resulted in legal proceedings, as was the case with ''Operacion Oikos''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=¿Qué es la Operación Oikos? {{!}} Todos los detalles de la operación contra el amaño de partidos: Jugadores implicados y novedades judiciales {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/es/noticias/que-es-la-operacion-oikos/gk5ae6z4kw7t1kk2v5d0r68lz|access-date=2020-07-14|website=www.goal.com}}</ref>

In relation to audiovisual piracy, as well as boasting a specific anti-piracy department that works alongside other European leagues, the institution advocates legal action, lobbies and works to establish institutional relations to favour the implementation of anti-piracy legislation (both in Spain and abroad). The digital tools employed by LaLiga in the pursuit of cases of piracy, including the Marauder software, have been shared with the Spanish Ministry of Culture, which has made significant strides in tackling fraud and intellectual property crime.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-04-30|title=A la caza del pirata: así se protege LaLiga de los hackers|url=https://www.abc.es/contentfactory/post/2019/04/30/laliga-y-su-sistema-antipirateria-una-expansion-mundial/|access-date=2020-07-14|website=Content Factory|language=es}}</ref>

== Support for sport & society ==

=== LaLiga Sports ===
LaLigaSports was founded in 2016 in response to the commitments made under the Royal Decree-Law 5/2015 and as a means to support other Spanish sports apart from football and boost the sports industry in general. The organisation is made up of 64 federations and receives 1% of the revenue from the sale of football's audiovisual rights. One of the association's objectives is to cover the social security payments of elite athletes who compete in other sporting disciplines, as well as funding their participation in international competitions. The financial assistance, which amounts to 1% of the audiovisual rights, is administered by the CSD, which in the 2018/19 season paid out €13,350,000 across the following three areas: social security, grants and international competitions.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-03-12|title=LaLigaSports, vehículo para el desarrollo del deporte español|url=https://www.abc.es/contentfactory/post/2019/03/12/laligasports-vehiculo-para-el-desarrollo-del-deporte-espanol/|access-date=2020-07-14|website=Content Factory|language=es}}</ref>

=== LaLigaSportsTV ===
At the start of 2019, LaLiga launched the LaLigaSportsTV platform, an over-the-top service which offers live coverage of a variety of Spanish sports competitions, and that, in addition to football, provides viewers with the latest news of the other sports which receive less media coverage. The platform broadcasts the competitions via streaming, which means that they are available to all users, although some of the coverage is open access and other content requires the payment of a fee. In terms of the football coverage, users must make a prior payment to gain access to LaLiga SmartBank matches, whilst the rest of the sports are available at no cost (with exceptions). Top-flight football fixtures are not available via the platform, although match highlights and pre- and post-match interviews are offered. In short, the platform provides coverage of a great number of Spanish sports and competitions, but content which is typically paid for (basketball leagues, tennis tournaments, etc.) is not included.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Pérez|first=Enrique|date=2019-03-25|title=LaLiga ya tiene su "Netflix del deporte español": así es LaLigaSports TV, la nueva aplicación para ver el deporte en directo|url=https://www.xataka.com/streaming/laliga-tiene-su-netflix-deporte-espanol-asi-laligasports-tv-nueva-aplicacion-para-ver-deporte-directo|access-date=2020-07-14|website=Xataka|language=es}}</ref> At the close of 2019, the platform boasted over 400,000 registered users and featured coverage of 30 sporting disciplines.<ref>{{Cite web|last=AV451|first=Redacción|date=2019-12-04|title=La OTT española LaLigaSportsTV cuenta con más de 400.000 usuarios registrados|url=https://www.audiovisual451.com/la-ott-espanola-laligasportstv-cuenta-con-mas-de-400-000-usuarios-registrados/|access-date=2020-07-14|website=Audiovisual451|language=es}}</ref>

=== Women's football ===
A LaLiga department to study and promote the female game and support the clubs in their decision-making in relation to the professionalization and visibility of female players and women's football fixtures was opened in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|title=LaLiga busca que el fútbol sea aún más grande|url=https://www.reasonwhy.es/actualidad/anuncio-laliga-mccann-futbol-femenino|access-date=2020-07-14|website=Reason Why|language=es}}</ref>This department was also a driving force behind the creation of the Spanish Association of Women's Football Clubs, which works to promote a broad range of activities that contribute to the development of ladies' football. When created in 2015, the association had 13 founder members, with this number having risen to 69 participating clubs in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Menayo|first=David|date=2015-11-06|title=Nace la Asociación de Clubes de Fútbol Femenino|url=https://www.marca.com/2015/11/06/futbol/futbol_femenino/1446821188.html|access-date=2020-07-14|website=MARCA.com|language=es}}</ref>

=== Foundation ===
The Professional Football League's Foundation is a private, cultural organisation, created following a unanimously approved initiative proposed by the National Professional Football League's general assembly. The institution, which is an independent legal entity and a non-profit-making organisation with full functional autonomy, was legally constituted on 5 February 1993.

The Foundation's main objective is the promotion, development, funding, investigation and organisation of cultural activities in general and, in particular, those relating to physical culture and football.

In the pursuit of its objectives, the Foundation runs cultural activities through the awarding of scholarships and study grants for the purposes of sports training, learning and research, artistic competition and promotion, exhibitions, conferences, publications, youth football competitions and any other cultural and sporting events.

Since 2017, the Foundation has organised LaLiga Genuine Santander, a football league for intellectually challenged footballers that features the participation of 36 LaLiga clubs.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-11-07|title=36 equipos juegan ya LaLiga Genuine|url=https://www.marca.com/futbol/2019/11/07/5dc41851e2704e33478b45ec.html|access-date=2020-07-14|website=Marca.com|language=es}}</ref>

=== LaLiga Business School ===
The institution, created to contribute to the training of leaders in the football industry and across other global sports, opened its doors in 2018. Run in conjunction with the Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, the school offers postgraduate studies and a range of other training courses. The school runs the following master's programmes: Law Applied to Professional Football; Management, Methodology and Analysis in Football; and Global Sports Marketing, whilst also providing the following courses: LaLiga eSport, Digital Strategy & Data, and Behind the scenes at a sports event. All of these courses include both theoretical and practical elements and are imparted by seasoned industry professionals.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Sabatés|first=Roger|date=2020-02-07|title=Cómo llegar a la élite sin tocar un balón|language=es|work=El País|url=https://elpais.com/deportes/2020/02/06/es_laliga/1580985204_827758.html|access-date=2020-07-14|issn=1134-6582}}</ref>

=== Stay at home: COVID-19 ===
During the course of the COVID-19 crisis, which brought the competition to a temporary standstill, LaLiga organised a series of activities as a part of the Quédate En Casa (Stay At Home) campaign as it created entertainment content that could be enjoyed at home.

The first of these initiatives was the LaLiga Santander Challenge, a FIFA 20 tournament contested by one representative from each of the LaLiga squads, with Real Madrid's Marco Asensio ultimately prevailing as victor. Followed by over a million users, the competition raised €180,000 towards the battle against COVID-19.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Trullols|first=Javier|date=2020-03-23|title=Más de 1 millón de espectadores y 180.000 euros contra el coronavirus gracias a Ibai Llanos|url=http://lajugadafinanciera.com/laliga-santander-challenge-20/|access-date=2020-07-14|website=La Jugada Financiera|language=es-ES|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200323115256/http://lajugadafinanciera.com/laliga-santander-challenge-20/|archive-date=2020-03-23}}</ref>

The institution also organised LaLiga Santander Fest, a music festival featuring a line-up of famous artists and footballers, who took part from their homes as they contributed to raising funds for the purchase of medical supplies.<ref>Celia Pérez (April 10, 2020) [https://eldesmarque.com/actualidad/futbol/1386642-el-exito-de-laliga-santander-fest-recaudo-1-003-532-euros-y-un-millon-de-mascarillas "El éxito de 'LaLiga Santander Fest': recaudó 1.003.532 euros y un millón de mascarillas"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714164325/https://eldesmarque.com/actualidad/futbol/1386642-el-exito-de-laliga-santander-fest-recaudo-1-003-532-euros-y-un-millon-de-mascarillas |date=2020-07-14 }} ''El Desmarque''</ref>

Elsewhere, LaLiga's partners in China assisted during the health crisis by donating 170,000 facemasks. All of these initiatives saw LaLiga make the following donations to Spanish society: 1,435,000 high-risk facemasks, 115 non-invasive respirators, 12,595 disposable, sterile gowns and 500,000 sets of gloves.<ref>{{Cite web|title=La mejor jugada de LaLiga: 1,6 millones de mascarillas contra el coronavirus|url=https://www.efe.com/efe/espana/deportes/la-mejor-jugada-de-laliga-1-6-millones-mascarillas-contra-el-coronavirus/10006-4212524|access-date=2020-07-14|website=www.efe.com|language=es}}</ref>

== International growth ==
The rise in interest in the Spanish game has prompted the global expansion of the National Professional Football League, which has been grounded on three fundamental cornerstones: its international offices, the Global Network and the joint-venture partnerships that the institution has established across the world. The institution's international offices are located in: Belgium (Brussels), China (Shanghai and Beijing), South Africa (Johannesburg), the United States (New York), the United Arab Emirates (Dubai), India (New Delhi), Nigeria (Lagos), Mexico (Mexico City), Singapore (Singapore), the UK (London) and Spain (Madrid and Barcelona).<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-12-03|title=El fútbol español, un modelo 4.0|url=https://www.expansion.com/especiales/2018/12/03/5c051e3522601d765d8b4629.html|access-date=2020-07-14|website=Expansión|language=es}}</ref>

The LaLiga Global Network is formed by 44 delegates, who are based in locations throughout 41 countries.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-12-03|title=El fútbol español, un modelo 4.0|url=https://www.expansion.com/especiales/2018/12/03/5c051e3522601d765d8b4629.html|access-date=2020-07-14|website=Expansión|language=es}}</ref> Featuring amongst the joint-venture partnerships signed by the institution are LaLiga North America, in conjunction with RELEVENT, that aims to introduce the Spanish game into the United States.<ref>Anita Elberse & David Moreno (October 2019) [https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=56526 "Relevent and LaLiga: Bringing Spanish Soccer to America"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330070026/https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=56526 |date=2020-03-30 }} Case. Harvard Business School</ref>

In 2020, LaLiga was named as the Honorary Ambassador of Brand Spain in the international relations category, "on account of its contribution to offering a positive image of Spain across the world through football" and "assisting the internationalisation of both Spanish companies and athletes."<ref>{{Cite web|last=Press|first=Europa|date=2020-03-03|title=El Rey anima a los embajadores honorarios de Marca España a mostrar las fortalezas, los valores y el potencial del país|url=https://www.europapress.es/nacional/noticia-rey-anima-embajadores-honorarios-marca-espana-mostrar-fortalezas-valores-potencial-pais-20200303134532.html|access-date=2020-07-14|website=www.europapress.es}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Spanish football league system]]
* [[Royal Spanish Football Federation]]

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* {{official website|http://www.laliga.es}}

{{Football in Spain}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lfp}}
[[Category:Football governing bodies in Spain]]
[[Category:Sports leagues established in 1984]]

Marco T. Robayo

2023-02-02T08:55:41Z

Shiclanero:

{{Infobox writer
| name = Marco T. Robayo
| image = Marco T. Robayo.jpg
| image_size = 160px
| birth_date = October 22, 1961
| birth_place = [[Bogotá]]
| language = Spanish
| nationality = Colombian
| education = Mechanical Engineering
| website = https://marcorobayo.com/
| occupation = Mechanical Engineer,
Writer
| notable_works = Piel de ébano
}}

'''Marco T. Robayo''' ([[Bogotá]], October 22, 1961) is a Colombian writer based in [[Dallas]], Texas.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2022-05-30 |title=El hombre en el espejo, novela de Marco T. Robayo |url=https://poetasyescritoresmiami.com/el-hombre-en-el-espejo-novela-de-marco-t-robayo/ |access-date=2023-01-30 |website=Revista Literaria Poetas y Escritores Miami |language=es}}</ref> He is the author of Piel de ébano (Ebany skin, 2020) and other published historical and contemporary novels.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Cali |first=Casa Editorial El País |title=Así es 'Piel de ébano', la nueva novela histórica de Marco T. Robayo |url=https://www.elpais.com.co/cultura/gaceta/asi-es-piel-de-ebano-la-nueva-novela-historica-de-marco-t-robayo.html |access-date=2023-01-30 |website=elpais.com.co |language=spanish}}</ref>

== Biography ==
The Colombian author, with an early vocation as a writer, studied mechanical engineering at the University of America in his hometown, with the idea of having a trade and financial stability that would allow him his passion for literature.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=La novela Piel de ébano, una apología de la libertad mulata |url=https://www.diariolasamericas.com/cultura/la-novela-piel-ebano-una-apologia-la-libertad-mulata-n4208269 |access-date=2023-01-30 |website=diariolasamericas.com |language=es-US}}</ref> Soon after, his family moved to [[Barranquilla]], where he began his literary career with his first novel, ''El laberinto blanco'' (The white labyrinth, 2014), which recreates the phenomenon of drug trafficking and prostitution. It was followed in 2015 by Scarlett... La esencia divina del deseo (Scarlett... The divine essence of desire), which deals with the erotic excesses.<ref name=":1" />

In 2000, while working in a concrete company in Barranquilla, he emigrated to the United States, after a failed kidnapping by the guerrillas. He has spent most of his literary and professional career in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Marco T. Robayo: "Lo dejé todo por mi seguridad" |url=https://cnnespanol.cnn.com/video/colombia-farc-guerrilla-seguridad-sot-camilo/ |access-date=2023-01-30 |website=CNN |language=es}}</ref>

== Literary development ==
Having ventured into contemporary themes linked to current affairs, he threw himself fully into the historical novel, with the creation and publication of ''El gran genocidio. ¿Descubrimiento o exterminio?'' (The great genocide. Discovery or extermination? 2018). After the discovery of the sunken treasure of the [[Spanish galleon San José|San José galleon]] in Colombian waters, the author takes advantage of this circumstance to take a journey into the past, shifting between contemporary and historical times, and between fictional characters and others who existed historically.<ref name=":2" /> This is accomplished through the novel's main character, the lawyer Samuel Piracún, a descendant of the [[Muisca|Muiscas]], who decides to sue the Spanish crown and take the matter to the [[International Criminal Court]].<ref name=":2" /> The novel, published by [[Planeta Group|Planeta]], has been linked to Colombia's Plan Lector and raises questions about the different versions that exist about the conquest of America.<ref name=":0" />

The author, with ease in recreating the environments and the multiple details of the past, continued with other themes of the colonial era.<ref name=":1" /> Through the novel ''Piel de ébano'' (2020), he shows the times of slavery in Cartagena de Indias and the role of women. Through the mulatta Manuela, who finds her liberation through sewing, the stories of women are woven together to complete a picture that shows that misogyny, discrimination and feminicide have been part of humanity; social crimes that have been justified and that are recounted throughout the novel.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Espectador |first=El |date=2020-07-21 |title=ELESPECTADOR.COM |url=https://www.elespectador.com/el-magazin-cultural/una-mulata-rebelde-que-tejio-su-propia-historia-article/ |access-date=2023-01-30 |website=ELESPECTADOR.COM |language=spanish}}</ref>

The 500-page novel took six months of research, eight months of writing and eight months of revision and corrections. The research covered the study of the eighteenth century Cartagena, and among the different historiographical materials, the ''1777 Census''. Also the documents and testimonies of the illustrious travelers [[Antonio de Ulloa]] and [[Jorge Juan y Santacilia]] in 1735; documents from the [[General Archive of the Indies]] in Seville, and the General Archive of the Nation in Bogota; in addition to the advice of several Colombian historians. As for the advice on slavery, the author recognizes the importance of the novel [[Roots: The Saga of an American Family|Roots]], by the North American writer [[Alex Haley]], to know the whole socio-economic framework of slavery between the XVI and XIX centuries.

Although the novel describes the 18th century Colombian Caribbean, the narration and dialogues flow in the present, with the idea of maintaining proximity to the reader. According to Grethel Delgado, the novel is written in an "enveloping and sensual manner, with delicate erotic scenes to reflect the carnal encounters through numerous plots that help color the colonial era with an almost palpable definition".<ref name=":2" />

In ''Man in the Mirror'' (2021), he returns to the present time and the debacle of a couple after the Houston Tornado as they face death and devastation.<ref name=":0" /> With ''Transmigration'' (2015) and ''A Life for Steven'' (2019) the author exposes ethical and scientific debates.

Robayo develops his novels by constructing a story line based on real events,<ref name=":2" /> knowing the ending beforehand, and incorporating the twists and turns and new plots that emerge from his imagination.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-10-25 |title=Marco T. Robayo, un novelista que recrea la esclavitud en Cartagena |url=https://www.eluniversal.com.co/suplementos/facetas/marco-t-robayo-un-novelista-que-recrea-la-esclavitud-en-cartagena-KG3697873 |access-date=2023-01-30 |website=www.eluniversal.com.co |language=ES-es}}</ref>

The author has been present at various cultural events in Mexico,<ref>{{Cite web |title=El gran genocidio |url=https://eventos.gandhi.com.mx/evento/el-gran-genocidio/ |access-date=2023-01-30 |language=es-MX}}</ref> and has been invited to the Guadalajara Book Fair,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Monge |first=Emiliano |date=2022-11-26 |title=Una guía personal de la FIL de Guadalajara |url=https://elpais.com/mexico/opinion/2022-11-25/una-guia-personal-a-la-fil-de-guadalajara.html |access-date=2023-01-30 |website=El País México |language=es-MX}}</ref> the Bogotá International Book Fair,<ref>{{Cite web |title=El hombre en el espejo de Marco T. Robayo llega a la feria internacional del libro de Bogotá |url=https://www.reporterosasociados.com.co/2022/04/el-hombre-en-el-espejo-de-marco-t-robayo-llega-a-la-feria-internacional-del-libro-de-bogota/ |access-date=2023-01-30 |website=Reporteros Asociados |language=es}}</ref> and fairs in the United States and Ecuador. He has also participated in literary and historical events at several universities: U. de Cartagena,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cartagena (20) – Marco Robayo |url=https://marcorobayo.com/conversatorio-universidad-de-cartagena-colombia-sobre-el-gran-genocidio/cartagena-20/#top_of_page |access-date=2023-01-30 |language=es-CO}}</ref> U. Surcolombiana de Neiva,<ref>Universidad Surcolombina, [https://www.usco.edu.co/archivosUsuarios/19/publicacion/facultad-de-educacion/Semana%20del%20Idioma%202019.pdf Marco T. Robayo Speech]</ref> and Universidad Autónoma de Puebla,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-02-05 |title=Marco T. Robayo, escritor colombiano visitó el CCU de la BUAP |language=es |work=El Universal Puebla |url=https://www.eluniversalpuebla.com.mx/educacion/marco-t-robayo-escritor-colombiano-visito-el-ccu-de-la-buap |access-date=2023-01-30}}</ref> among others.

In 2021 he won the 2nd Prize for best historical fiction novel at the 2021 [[International Latino Book Awards]] in Los Angeles.<ref>[https://www.chicano.ucla.edu/files/news/2021%20Intl%20Latino%20Book%20Award%20Winners%20PR%20v1.pdf International Latino Book Award 2021]</ref>

== Publications ==

* ''El laberinto blanco'' (The white labyrinth) Editorial Oveja Negra, 2014.
* ''Transmigración'', (Transmigration) Editorial Oveja Negra, 2015; Taller Editorial Roca, 2021
* ''Scarlett'', Editorial Oveja Negra 2015; Taller Editorial Roca 2022
* ''El gran genocidio'' (The great genocide) Editorial Planeta 2018; Editorial Sb 2022
* ''Una vida para Steven'' ( Editorial Planeta 2019.
* ''Piel de ébano'' ( Editorial), Planeta 2020.
* ''El hombre en el espejo'' (The man in the mirror), Editorial Planeta 2021.

== References ==
<references />

== External links ==

* [https://marcorobayo.com/ Author site]
* [https://cronistaslatinoamericanos.com/entrevista-a-marco-robayo-soy-del-pensamiento-de-que-la-historia-y-la-literatura-van-de-la-mano/ Interview "Cronistas latinoamericanos"]
* [https://cnnespanol.cnn.com/video/colombia-farc-guerrilla-seguridad-sot-camilo/ Interview CNN in Spanish]
[[Category:Colombian writers]]
[[Category:21st-century Colombian novelists]]
[[Category:Colombian expatriates in the United States]]

La Liga

2020-04-24T18:27:54Z

Shiclanero: proper name

{{short description|Top professional Spanish football division}}
{{about|the top division in Spanish football|other uses|Liga (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{EngvarB|date=January 2020}}
{{Infobox football league
| name = La Liga
| logo = La Liga.png
| pixels = 225
| organiser = [[Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional]] (LaLiga)
| country = Spain
| confed = [[UEFA]]
| founded = {{start date and age|df=yes|1929}}
| teams = [[#Clubs|20]]
| relegation = [[Segunda División]]
| levels = [[Spanish football league system|1]]
| biggest stadium = [[Camp Nou]] (99,354)
| smallest stadium = [[Campo de Fútbol de Vallecas|Campo de Vallecas]] (15,489)
| domest_cup = [[Copa del Rey]]<br>[[Supercopa de España]]
| confed_cup = [[UEFA Champions League]]<br>[[UEFA Europa League]]
| champions = [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]] (26th title)
| season = [[2018–19 La Liga|2018–19]]
| most successful club = [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] (33 titles)
| most_appearances = [[Andoni Zubizarreta]]<br>(622)<br>
| top_goalscorer = [[Lionel Messi]]<br>(438)
| sponsorship_name =La Liga Santander
| tv = [[List of La Liga broadcasters|List of broadcasters]]
| website = {{Official website|https://www.laliga.es|laliga.es}}
| current = [[2019–20 La Liga]]
}}
The '''Campeonato Nacional de Liga de Primera División''',{{efn|{{IPA-es|kampeoˈnato naθjoˈnal de ˈliɣa ðe pɾiˈmeɾa ðiβiˈsjon|lang}}; "First Division National League Championship"}} commonly known as '''LaLiga'''{{efn|{{IPAc-en|lang|l|æ|_|ˈ|l|iː|g|ə|}},<ref>{{cite Oxford Dictionaries|La Liga|accessdate=13 January 2019}}</ref> {{IPA-es|la ˈliɣa|lang}}; "The League"}} ('''LaLiga Santander''' for sponsorship reasons with [[Banco Santander|Santander]]),<ref>{{cite web |title=LaLiga and Santander strike title sponsorship deal |website=LaLiga |date=21 July 2016 |url=https://www.laliga.es/en/news/laliga-and-santander-strike-title-sponsorship-deal |accessdate=21 July 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160725161336/http://www.laliga.es/en/news/laliga-and-santander-strike-title-sponsorship-deal |archive-date=25 July 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> is the men's top professional [[association football|football]] division of the [[Spanish football league system]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Campeonato Nacional de Liga de Primera División |url=https://www.rfef.es/competiciones/futbol-masculino/calendario/2/0 |publisher=[[Royal Spanish Football Federation|RFEF]] |accessdate=15 November 2018 |language=Spanish}}</ref> Administered by the Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional ''(English: National Professional Football League)'', also known as the [[Liga de Fútbol Profesional]], and is contested by 20 teams, with the three lowest-placed teams at the end of each season [[Promotion and relegation|relegated]] to the [[Segunda División]] and replaced by the top two teams and a [[La Liga play-offs|play-off]] winner in that division.

A total of [[All-time La Liga table|62 teams]] have competed in LaLiga since its inception. Nine teams have been crowned champions, with [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] winning the title a record 33 times and [[FC Barcelona]] 26 times. Barcelona won the inaugural La Liga in 1929 with [[Athletic Bilbao]] claiming several titles in the league's early years. During the 1940s, [[Valencia CF|Valencia]], [[Atlético Madrid|Atletico Madrid]] and Barcelona emerged as the strongest clubs winning several titles. Real Madrid and Barcelona dominated the championship in the 1950s, winning four La Liga titles each throughout the decade. During the 1960s–1970s Real Madrid dominated La Liga winning 14 titles, with Atletico Madrid winning four.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.marca.com/en/football/real-madrid/2017/05/22/5922e360ca4741170b8b4670.html|title=The Real Madrid domination of the 1960s and 70s|last=Lara|first=Lorenzo|last2=Harrison|first2=Adapted by Simon|date=22 May 2017|website=MARCA in English|language=en|access-date=20 October 2019}}</ref> From the 1980s–1990s, Real Madrid were prominent in La Liga, but the Basque clubs of Athletic Bilbao and [[Real Sociedad]] had their share of success, winning two Liga titles each. From the 1990s onward, Barcelona have dominated La Liga winning 16 titles up to date.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1196268/8th-liga-in-11-years|title=8th Liga in 11 years|website=www.fcbarcelona.com|language=en|access-date=20 October 2019}}</ref> Although Real Madrid have been prominent, winning 8 titles, La Liga has also seen other champions, including Atlético Madrid, Valencia, and [[Deportivo de La Coruña]].

According to [[UEFA]]'s league coefficient, LaLiga has been the top league in Europe over the last five years and has led Europe for more years (22) than any other country. It has also produced the continent's top-rated club more times (22) than any other league, more than double that of second-placed [[Serie A]]. Its clubs have won the most [[UEFA Champions League]] (18), [[UEFA Europa League]] (11), [[UEFA Super Cup]] (15), and [[FIFA Club World Cup]] (7) titles, and its players have accumulated the highest number of [[Ballon d'Or]] awards (23), [[The Best FIFA Men's Player]] including [[FIFA World Player of the Year]] (19) and [[UEFA Men's Player of the Year]] including [[UEFA Club Footballer of the Year]] (11).

LaLiga is one of the most popular professional sports leagues in the world, with an [[List of attendance figures at domestic professional sports leagues|average attendance]] of 26,933 for league matches in the 2018–19 season. This is the sixth-highest of any domestic professional sports league in the world and the third-highest of any professional association football league in the world, behind the [[Bundesliga]] and the [[Premier League]].<ref name="attendance">{{cite web|url=https://www.worldsoccer.com/news/attendances-in-india-china-and-the-usa-catching-up-with-the-major-european-leagues-367350|title=Attendances in India, China and the USA catching up with the major European leagues|publisher=World Soccer|accessdate=25 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.european-football-statistics.co.uk/attn.htm|title=European football statistics|year=2008}}</ref>

==Competition format==
The competition format follows the usual double [[Round-robin tournament|round-robin]] format. During the course of a season, which lasts from August to May, each club plays every other club twice, once at home and once away, for 38 matchdays. Teams receive three points for a win, one point for a draw, and no points for a loss. Teams are ranked by total points, with the highest-ranked club at the end of the season crowned champion.

===Promotion and relegation===
A system of [[promotion and relegation]] exists between the ''Primera División'' and the ''[[Segunda División]]''. The three lowest placed teams in LaLiga are relegated to the ''Segunda División'', and the top two teams from the ''Segunda División'' promoted to LaLiga, with an additional club promoted after a series of play-offs involving the third, fourth, fifth and sixth placed clubs. Below is a complete record of how many teams played in each season throughout the league's history;
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+Number of clubs in LaLiga throughout the years
!Period (in years)
!{{Abbr|No.|Number}}{{Abbr}} of clubs
|-
|1929–1934
|10 clubs
|-
|1934–1941
|12 clubs
|-
|1941–1950
|14 clubs
|-
|1950–1971
|16 clubs
|-
|1971–1987
|18 clubs
|-
|1987–1995
|20 clubs
|-
|1995–1997
|22 clubs
|-
|1997–present
|20 clubs
|}

===Ranking of clubs on equal points===
If points are equal between two or more clubs, the rules are:<ref>{{cite news|title=Reglamento General de la RFEF 2010 (Artículo 201.2) (page 138) |url=https://www.rfef.es/FCKeditor/UserFiles/File/normativas/Reglamento2010.pdf |publisher=[[Royal Spanish Football Federation|RFEF]] |date=7 June 2010 |accessdate=23 June 2010 |language=Spanish |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110519225919/https://rfef.es/FCKeditor/UserFiles/File/normativas/Reglamento2010.pdf |archivedate=19 May 2011 |df= }}</ref>
* If all clubs involved have played each other twice:
** If the tie is between two clubs, then the tie is broken using the [[goal difference]] for the two matches those clubs have played against each other (without [[away goals rule]])
** If the tie is between more than two clubs, then the tie is broken using the games the clubs have played against each other:
*** a) head-to-head points
*** b) head-to-head goal difference
*** c) total goal difference
* If two legged games between all clubs involved have not been played, or the tie is not broken by the rules above, it is broken using:
** a) total goal difference
** b) total goals scored
* If the tie is still not broken, the winner will be determined by [[Sportsmanship|Fair Play]] scales.<ref>{{cite news |title=Criterios de puntuación del juego limpio |url=https://www.rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=298#ancla2 |publisher=[[Royal Spanish Football Federation|RFEF]] |date=30 October 1998 |accessdate=18 May 2010 |language=Spanish |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100407195555/https://www.rfef.es/index.jsp?nodo=298#ancla2 |archivedate=7 April 2010 }}</ref> These are:
** [[Yellow card (sports)|yellow card]], 1 point
** [[Yellow card (sports)|doubled yellow card]]/[[Ejection (sports)|ejection]], 2 points
** [[Red card (sports)|direct red card]], 3 points
** suspension or disqualification of [[Head coach|coach]], executive or other club personnel (outside [[Referee (association football)|referees']] decisions), 5 points
** misconduct of the [[Sports fan|supporters]]: mild 5 points, serious 6 points, very serious 7 points
** stadium closure, 10 points
** if the Competition Committee removes a penalty, the points are also removed
* If the tie is still not broken, it will be resolved with a tie-break match in a neutral stadium.

=== Qualification for European competitions ===
{{See also|UEFA coefficient#Country coefficient|l1=UEFA country coefficients}}

==== Current Criteria ====
{{See also|2020–21 UEFA Champions League#Association team allocation|l1=2020–21 UEFA Champions League Association team allocation}}

The top four teams in LaLiga qualify for the subsequent season's [[UEFA Champions League]] Group Stage. The winners of the [[UEFA Champions League]] and [[UEFA Europa League]] also qualify for the subsequent season's [[UEFA Champions League]] Group Stage. If this means 6 LaLiga teams qualify, then the 4th place team in LaLiga instead plays in the [[UEFA Europa League]], as any single nation is limited to a maximum of 5 teams.

The 5th place team in LaLiga qualifies for the subsequent season's [[UEFA Europa League]] Group Stage. The winner of the [[Copa del Rey]] also qualifies for the subsequent season's [[UEFA Europa League]] Group Stage, but if the winner also finished in the top 5 places in LaLiga, then this place reverts to the team that finished 6th in LaLiga. Furthermore, the 6th place (or 7th if 6th already qualifies) team qualifies for the subsequent season's [[UEFA Europa League]] 2nd Qualifying Round.<ref>{{cite news |title=Premier League clubs' UEFA qualification explained |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/671047 |publisher=Premier League |date=4 May 2018 |accessdate=6 November 2018}}</ref>

The number of places allocated to Spanish clubs in [[UEFA]] competitions is dependent upon the position a country holds in the [[UEFA coefficient#Country coefficient|UEFA country coefficients]], which are calculated based upon the performance of teams in [[UEFA]] competitions in the previous 5 years. Currently the ranking of Spain (and [[de facto]] LaLiga) is 1st.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:12px;margin-top:8px;margin-bottom:4px"
|+Extracted from the 2019 ranking of nations by their UEFA coefficient<ref>{{cite web |title=Country Coefficients 2018/19 |url=https://www.uefa.com/memberassociations/uefarankings/country/#/yr/2019 |website=UEFA.com}}</ref>
! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Rank<br />2019
! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Rank<br />2018
! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Change
! scope="col" rowspan=2 | League
! scope="col" rowspan=2 | 2014–15
! scope="col" rowspan=2 | 2015–16
! scope="col" rowspan=2 | 2016–17
! scope="col" rowspan=2 | 2017–18
! rowspan="2" scope="col" | 2018–19
! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Coefficient
! colspan=6 | Places in [[UEFA Champions League]]
! colspan=6 | Places in [[Europa League]]
|-
! scope="col" | GS
! scope="col" | PO
! scope="col" | Q3
! scope="col" | Q2
! scope="col" | Q1
! scope="col" | PQ
! scope="col" | GS
! scope="col" | PO
! scope="col" | Q3
! scope="col" | Q2
! scope="col" | Q1
! scope="col" | PQ
|-
|1||1||=|| style="text-align:left;"|{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Royal Spanish Football Federation|Spain]] ||20.214||23.928||20.142||19.714||19.571||103.569||4||—||—||—||—||—||2||—||—||1||—||—
|-
|2||2||=|| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|ENG}} [[The Football Association|England]]||13.571||14.250||14.928||20.071||22.642||85.462||4||—||—||—||—||—||2||—||—||1||—||—
|-
|3||3||=|| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Italian Football Federation|Italy]]||19.000||11.500||14.250||17.333||12.642||74.725||4||—||—||—||—||—||2||—||—||1||—||—
|-
|4||4||=|| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|GER}} [[German Football Association|Germany]]||15.857||16.428||14.571||9.857||15.214||71.927||4||—||—||—||—||—||2||—||—||1||—||—
|- style="border-top:3px solid #B2B2B2"
|5||5||=|| style="text-align:left;"|{{flagicon|FRA}} [[French Football Federation|France]] ||10.916||11.083||14.416||11.500||10.583||58.498||2||—||1||—||—||—||2||—||—||1||—||—
|- style="border-top:3px solid #B2B2B2"
|6||6||=|| style="text-align:left;"|{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Russian Football Union|Russia]] ||9.666||11.500||9.200||12.600||7.583||50.549||2||—||1||—||—||—||1||—||1||1||—||—
|- style="border-top:3px solid #B2B2B2"
|7||7||=|| style="text-align:left;"|{{flagicon|POR}} [[Portuguese Football Federation|Portugal]] ||9.083||10.500||8.083||9.666||10.900||48.232||1||—||1||—||—||—||1||—||1||1||—||—
|-
|8||8||=|| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|UKR}} [[Football Federation of Ukraine|Ukraine]]||10.000||9.800||5.500||8.000||7.800||39.900||1||—||1||—||—||—||1||—||1||1||—||—
|-
|9||9||=|| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|BEL}} [[Royal Belgian Football Association|Belgium]] ||9.600||7.400||12.500||2.600||5.600||38.900||1||—||1||—||—||—||1||—||1||1||—||—
|- style="border-top:3px solid #B2B2B2"
|10||10||=|| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagicon|TUR}} [[Turkish Football Federation|Turkey]] ||6.000||6.600||9.700||6.800||5.500||34.600||1||—||—||1||—||—||1||—||1||1||—||—
|}

==History==
===Foundation===
In April 1927, José María Acha, a director at [[Arenas Club de Getxo]], first proposed the idea of a national league in Spain. After much debate about the size of the league and who would take part, the [[Royal Spanish Football Federation|Real Federación Española de Fútbol]] eventually agreed on the ten teams who would form the first ''Primera División'' in [[1929 La Liga|1929]]. [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]], [[Real Madrid C.F.|Real Madrid]], [[Athletic Bilbao]], [[Real Sociedad]], [[Arenas Club de Getxo]], and [[Real Unión]] were all selected as previous winners of the [[Copa del Rey]]. [[Atlético Madrid]], [[RCD Espanyol|Espanyol]], and [[CE Europa|Europa]] qualified as Copa del Rey runners-up and [[Racing de Santander]] qualified through a knockout competition. Only three of the founding clubs, Real Madrid, Barcelona and Athletic Bilbao, have never been relegated from the ''Primera División''.

===1930s: Athletic Bilbao prominence===
Although [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]] won the very first ''Liga'' in [[1929 La Liga|1929]] and [[Real Madrid C.F.|Real Madrid]] won their first titles in [[1931–32 La Liga|1932]] and [[1932–33 La Liga|1933]], it was [[Athletic Bilbao]] that set the early pace winning ''Primera División'' in [[1929–30 La Liga|1930]], [[1930–31 La Liga|1931]], [[1933–34 La Liga|1934]] and [[1935–36 La Liga|1936]]. They were also runners-up in [[1931–32 La Liga|1932]] and [[1932–33 La Liga|1933]]. In [[1934–35 La Liga|1935]], [[Real Betis]], then known as ''Betis Balompié'', won their only title to date. ''Primera División'' was suspended during the [[Spanish Civil War]].

In 1937, the teams in the [[Second Spanish Republic|Republican]] area of Spain, with the notable exception of the two [[Madrid]] clubs, competed in the [[Mediterranean League]] and Barcelona emerged as champions. Seventy years later, on 28 September 2007, Barcelona requested the [[Royal Spanish Football Federation]] (Spanish acronym RFEF) to recognise that title as a ''Liga'' title. This action was taken after RFEF was asked to recognise [[Levante FC]]'s [[Copa de la España Libre]] win as equivalent to Copa del Rey trophy. Nevertheless, the governing body of Spanish football has not made an outright decision yet.

===1940s: Atlético Madrid, Barcelona and Valencia emerge===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%; float:right; margin-left:1em"
|+ Results of the five champions during the post-war years
|-
! Season !! {{abbr|[[Atlético Madrid|AVI]]|Atlético Aviación}} !! {{abbr|[[FC Barcelona|BAR]]|CF Barcelona}} !! {{abbr|[[Athletic Bilbao|BIL]]|Atlético Bilbao}} !! {{abbr|[[Sevilla FC|SEV]]|Sevilla FC}} !! {{abbr|[[Valencia CF|VAL]]|Valencia CF}}
|- style="border-top:3px solid black"
|-
| [[1939–40 La Liga|1939–40]] || style="background: #FFE34D;"| '''1''' || 9 || 3 || 2 || 8
|-
| [[1940–41 La Liga|1940–41]] ||style="background: #FFE34D;"| '''1''' || 4 || 2 || 5 || style="background: #97DEFF;"|3
|-
| [[1941–42 La Liga|1941–42]] || 3 || style="background: #97DEFF;"|12 || 7 || 6 || style="background: #FFE34D;"| '''1'''
|-
| [[1942–43 La Liga|1942–43]] || 8 || 3 || style="background: #FD2D1C;"|'''1''' || 2 || 7
|-
| [[1943–44 La Liga|1943–44]] || 2 || 6 || style="background: #97DEFF;"|10 || 3 || style="background: #FFE34D;"| '''1'''
|-
| [[1944–45 La Liga|1944–45]] || 3 || style="background: #FFE34D;"| '''1''' || style="background: #97DEFF;"|6 || 10 || 5
|-
| [[1945–46 La Liga|1945–46]] || 7 || 2 || 3 || style="background: #FFE34D;"| '''1''' || 6
|-
| [[1946–47 La Liga|1946–47]] || 3 || 4 || 2 || 6 || style="background: #FFE34D;"| '''1'''
|-
| [[1947–48 La Liga|1947–48]] || 3 || style="background: #FFE34D;"| '''1''' || 6 || style="background: #97DEFF;"|5 || 2
|-
| [[1948–49 La Liga|1948–49]] || 4 || style="background: #FFE34D;"| '''1''' || 6 || 8 || style="background: #97DEFF;"|2
|-
| [[1949–50 La Liga|1949–50]] || style="background: #FFE34D;"| '''1''' || 5 || style="background: #97DEFF;"|6 || 10 || 3
|-
|- style="border-top:3px solid black" class="sortbottom"
| '''TOTAL''' || '''3''' || '''3''' || 1 || 1 || '''3'''
|- class="sortbottom"
| '''{{abbr|Top three|Number of times that each side finished in the top three.}}''' || '''8''' || 4 || 5 || 4 || 7
|- class="sortbottom"
| colspan="7"|{{color box|#FFE34D}} League champions<br>{{color box|#97DEFF}} Copa del Rey<br>{{color box|#FD2D1C}} La Liga/Copa del Rey double
|- style="border-top:3px solid black" class="sortbottom"
|}
When the ''Primera División'' resumed after the [[Spanish Civil War]], it was [[Atlético Aviación]] (nowadays ''Atlético Madrid''), [[Valencia CF|Valencia]], and [[FC Barcelona]] that emerged as the strongest clubs. Atlético were only awarded a place during the [[1939–40 La Liga|1939–40]] season as a replacement for [[Real Oviedo]], whose ground had been damaged during the war. The club subsequently won their first Liga title and retained it in [[1940–41 La Liga|1941]]. While other clubs lost players to exile, execution, and as casualties of the war, the Atlético team was reinforced by a merger. The young, pre-war squad of Valencia had also remained intact and in the post-war years matured into champions, gaining three Liga titles in [[1941–42 La Liga|1942]], [[1943–44 La Liga|1944]], and [[1946–47 La Liga|1947]]. They were also runners-up in [[1947–48 La Liga|1948]] and [[1948–49 La Liga|1949]]. Sevilla also enjoyed a brief golden era, finishing as runners-up in 1940 and 1942 before winning their only title to date in 1946.

Meanwhile, on the other side of Spain, [[FC Barcelona]] began to emerge as a force under the legendary [[Josep Samitier]]. A Spanish footballer for both Barcelona and Real Madrid, Samitier cemented his legacy with Barcelona. During his playing career with them, he scored 333 goals, won the inaugural La Liga title and five [[Copa del Rey|Copa Del Rey]]. In 1944, Samitier returned to Barcelona as a coach and guided them in winning their second La Liga title in [[La Liga 1944-45|1945]]. Under Samitier and legendary players [[César Rodríguez Álvarez|Cesar Rodriguez]], [[Josep Escolà|Josep Escola]], [[Estanislau Basora]] and [[Mariano Gonzalvo]], Barcelona dominated La Liga in the late 1940s,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/643898/1939-50-years-of-perseverance|title=1939-50. Years of perseverance|website=www.fcbarcelona.com|language=en|access-date=17 January 2019}}</ref> winning back to back La Liga titles in [[La Liga 1947-48|1948]] and [[1948–49 La Liga|1949]]. The 1940s proved to be a successful season for Barcelona, winning three La Liga titles and one Copa Del Rey, but the 1950s proved to be a decade of dominance, not just from Barcelona, but from [[Real Madrid C.F.|Real Madrid]].

===1950s: Barcelona and Real Madrid Dominate La Liga===
[[File:Di stefano real madrid cf (cropped).png|thumb|Naturalised Argentine [[Alfredo Di Stéfano]] was part of a dominant Real Madrid side in the 1950s|307x307px]]
[[File:Kubala.jpg|left|thumb|During the 1950s, [[László Kubala]] was a leading member of Barcelona scoring 194 goals in 256 appearances.]]
Although [[Atlético Madrid]], previously known as ''Atlético Aviación'', were champions in 1950 and 1951 under ''[[catenaccio]]'' mastermind [[Helenio Herrera]], the 1950s continued the success [[FC Barcelona]] had during the late 1940s after they had won back to back La Liga titles. During this decade, Barcelona's first golden era emerged. Under coach [[Ferdinand Daučík]], FC Barcelona won back to back doubles, winning La Liga and Copa Del Rey in [[1951–52 La Liga|1952]] and [[1952–53 La Liga|1953]]. In 1952, FC Barcelona made history yet again by winning five distinctive trophies in one year. This team, composed of [[László Kubala]], [[Mariano Gonzalvo]], [[César Rodríguez Álvarez|Cesar Rodriguez]] and [[Joan Segarra]] won La Liga, Copa Del Rey, [[Copa Eva Duarte]] (predecessor of [[Spanish Super Cup]]), [[Latin Cup|The Latin Cup]] and [[Copa Martini & Rossi|The Copa Martini Rossi]]. Their success in winning five different trophies in one year earned them the name 'L’equip de les cinc Copes'<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lavanguardia.com/deportes/20090831/53775349865/el-barca-de-les-cinc-copes-rompio-con-la-furia-espanola.html|title=El 'Barça de les Cinc Copes' rompió con la furia española|date=30 August 2009|website=La Vanguardia|access-date=17 January 2019}}</ref> or The Team of The Five Cups. In the latter parts of the 1950s, coached by Helenio Herrera and featuring [[Luis Suárez (footballer, born 1935)|Luis Suárez]], Barcelona won yet again their third set of back to back La Liga, winning them in [[1958–59 La Liga|1959]] and [[1959–60 La Liga|1960]]. In 1959, FC Barcelona also won another double of La Liga / Copa Del Rey, conquering three doubles in the 1950s.

The 1950s also saw the beginning of the [[Real Madrid C.F.|Real Madrid]] dominance. During the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s, there were strict limits imposed on foreign players. In most cases, clubs could only have three foreign players in their squads, meaning that at least eight local players had to play in every game. During the 1950s, however, these rules were circumvented by Real Madrid who naturalized [[Alfredo Di Stéfano]] and [[Ferenc Puskás]]. Di Stéfano, Puskás, [[Raymond Kopa]] and [[Francisco Gento]] formed the nucleus of the Real Madrid team that dominated the second half of the 1950s. Real Madrid won their third La Liga in 1954, 21 years later since 1933, and retained its title in 1955. In 1956, [[Athletic Bilbao]] won their sixth La Liga title, but Real Madrid won La Liga again in 1957 and 1958. All in all, Barcelona and Real Madrid won 4 La Liga titles each, with Atletico Madrid winning two Ligas and Athletic Bilbao winning one during this decade.

===1960s–1970s: Real Madrid Superiority===
Real Madrid dominated La Liga between 1960s-1970s, being crowned champions 14 times.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.marca.com/en/football/real-madrid/2017/05/22/5922e360ca4741170b8b4670.html|title=The Real Madrid domination of the 1960s and 70s|last=Lara|first=Lorenzo|last2=Harrison|first2=Adapted by Simon|date=22 May 2017|website=MARCA in English|language=en|access-date=19 October 2019}}</ref> Real Madrid won five La Liga titles in a row from 1961-1965 as well as winning three [[Double (association football)|doubles]] between 1960-1980. During the 1960s and 1970s, only [[Atlético Madrid]] offered Real Madrid any serious challenge. Atletico Madrid were crowned La Liga champions four times in 1966, 1970, 1973, and 1977. Atletico Madrid also finished second place in 1961, 1963 and 1965. In 1971, Valencia won their fourth La Liga title in 1971 under [[Alfredo di Stefano]], and the [[Johan Cruyff]]-inspired Barcelona won their ninth La Liga in 1974.

=== 1980s: Real Madrid and the Basque Clubs ===
Real Madrid's monopoly in La Liga was interrupted significantly in the 1980s. Although Real Madrid won another five La Liga titles in a row from 1986-1990<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.realmadrid.com/en/about-real-madrid/history/football/1981-1990-la-quinta-del-buitre|title=La Quinta del Buitre (1981-1990) {{!}} Real Madrid CF|website=Real Madrid C.F. - Web Oficial|language=en|access-date=19 October 2019}}</ref> under the brilliance of [[Emilio Butragueño]] and [[Hugo Sánchez|Hugo Sanchez]], the Basque Clubs of Real Sociedad and Athletic Bilbao also dominated the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newstalk.com/sport/basque-clubs-suddenly-dominated-la-liga-842305|title=When Basque clubs suddenly dominated La Liga|last=Diallo|first=Raf|website=Newstalk|access-date=19 October 2019}}</ref> Real Sociedad won back-to-back La Liga titles in 1981 and 1982, after leaving both Real Madrid and Barcelona as runner ups. Their title wins were followed by fellow [[Basque Country (autonomous community)|Basque]] club Athletic Bilbao, who won back-to-back titles in 1983 and 1984, with Athletic Bilbao winning their fifth La Liga and Copa Del Rey double in 1984. Barcelona won their tenth La Liga title in 1985 under coach [[Terry Venables]], their first La Liga win since 1974.

===1990s: Barcelona's Dream Team===
[[File:AmorFerrerMussonsGuardiola.jpg|thumb|La Masia graduates [[Guillermo Amor]], [[Albert Ferrer]] and [[Pep Guardiola]].]]
[[Johan Cruyff]] returned to Barcelona as manager in 1988, and assembled the legendary ''Dream Team''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/643913/1988-1996-the-era-of-the-dream-team|title=1988-1996. The era of the 'Dream Team'|website=www.fcbarcelona.com|language=en|access-date=18 January 2019}}</ref> When Cruyff took hold of this Barcelona side they had won only two La Liga titles in the past 11 years. Cruyff decided to build a team composed of international stars and [[La Masia]] graduates in order to restore Barcelona to their former glorious days. This team was formed by international stars [[Romário|Romario]], [[Michael Laudrup]], [[Hristo Stoichkov]] and [[Ronald Koeman]]. Cruyff's Dream Team also consisted of La Masia graduates [[Pep Guardiola]], [[Albert Ferrer]], and [[Guillermo Amor]], as well as Spaniard [[Andoni Zubizarreta]].

Johan Cruyff changed the way modern football was played and incorporated the principles of ‘[[Total Football]]’ into this team. The success of possession-based football was revolutionary and Cruyff's team won their first European Cup in 1992 and four consecutive La Liga titles between 1991 and 1994. In total, Cruyff won 11 trophies in eight years, making him the most successful manager in Barcelona's history until the record was broken by his protégé Pep Guardiola two decades later.

Barcelona's run ended with Real Madrid winning La Liga in 1995. Atlético Madrid won their ninth La Liga title in 1996, as well as their only Liga/Copa Del Rey double, before Real Madrid added another Liga to their cabinet in 1997. After the success of Cruyff, another Dutchman – [[AFC Ajax|Ajax]] manager, [[Louis van Gaal]] – arrived at the [[Camp Nou]], and with the talents of [[Luís Figo]], [[Luis Enrique (footballer)|Luis Enrique]], and [[Rivaldo]], Barcelona won the La Liga title in 1998 and 1999, including their fourth double of Liga and Copa Del Rey in 1998. All in all, Barcelona won six La Liga titles in the 1990s and continued their success through the 2000s.

===2000s–present: Barcelona's hegemony and new challengers===
The 21st Century has continued the success FC Barcelona had in the 1990s under Johan Cruyff, dominating La Liga.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-soccer-spain-fcb-lvt-analysis-idUKKCN1S30LT|title=Relentless Barca in Liga of their own|date=27 April 2019|work=Reuters|access-date=17 October 2019|language=en}}</ref> Although Real Madrid have been prominent, Barcelona have created a hegemony in Spain not seen since the Real Madrid of the 1960s-1970s.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sport-english.com/en/news/opinion/una-hegemonia-insultante-liga-7426969|title=Una hegemonía insultante en la Liga|last=Sport|date=27 April 2019|website=sport|language=en|access-date=19 October 2019}}</ref> Since the start of the new century, Barcelona have won a total of 10 La Ligas, including two [[Treble (association football)|trebles]] and four [[Double (association football)|doubles]]. This new century however has also seen new challengers being crowned champions. Between 1999-00 and 2004, [[Deportivo de La Coruña|Deportivo La Coruña]] finished in the top three on five occasions, a better record than either Real Madrid or Barcelona, and in 2000, under [[Javier Irureta]], Deportivo became the ninth team to be crowned champions. Valencia were also a fierce team in the early 2000s, as they were crowned LaLiga champions in 2002 and 2004 under [[Rafael Benitez]].

Real Madrid won their first Liga titles of the century in 2001 and 2003. With world-class players like [[Raúl (footballer)|Raúl]], [[Ruud van Nistelrooy]] and [[Gonzalo Higuaín]], Real Madrid won back-to-back LaLiga titles in 2006–07 and 2007–08. FC Barcelona won their first title of the new century under the brilliance of [[Ronaldinho]] and [[Samuel Eto'o]] in the 2004-2005 season. Barcelona retained the title and won it again in the 2005-2006 season. Under the era of [[Pep Guardiola]], powered by [[La Masia|La Masia's]] talent, such as [[Lionel Messi]], [[Xavi]] and [[Andrés Iniesta]], Barcelona added two straight Liga titles in 2008 and 2009. FC Barcelona also became the first team in Spain to achieve the [[Treble (association football)|Treble]] in the 2008–09 season, consisting of winning the LaLiga/Copa del Rey double and the [[UEFA Champions League]].

Barcelona won a third straight LaLiga title in the 2010–11 season, but Real Madrid ended their winning streak in the 2011-2012 season under the management of [[José Mourinho]]. Real Madrid won their 32nd LaLiga title with a record at the time of 100 points. The following year, in the 2012-2013 season, Barcelona won yet again another LaLiga title under coach [[Tito Vilanova]], replicating the 100 points record Real Madrid achieved the previous year. Atlético Madrid, under the management of [[Diego Simeone]] won their tenth LaLiga title in 2013–14, their first since 1996. Atletico Madrid became the first team since Valencia in 2004 to win LaLiga and break Barcelona and Real Madrid's dominion over the league.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/la-liga/10838338/Barcelona-v-Atletico-Madrid-La-Liga-live.html|title=Barcelona 1 Atletico Madrid 1, La Liga: match report|last=Martin|first=Richard|date=17 May 2014|access-date=19 October 2019|language=en-GB|issn=0307-1235}}</ref> In the 2014–15 season, under the trio of [[Lionel Messi|Messi]], [[Neymar]], and [[Luis Suárez|Suarez]] nicknamed 'MSN', Barcelona made history by becoming the first team to achieve a second [[Treble (association football)|treble]], and winning a sixth Liga/Copa Del Rey double. Barcelona continued their dominance and in the 2015–16 season, won back-to-back Liga/Copa Del Rey double, something that has not been achieved since the 1950s.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1066281/seventh-league-and-cup-double-in-fc-barcelona-history|title=Seventh league and cup double in FC Barcelona history|website=www.fcbarcelona.com|language=en|access-date=19 October 2019}}</ref> Real Madrid brought back the LaLiga title under the management of [[Zinedine Zidane]] in 2016–17, but Barcelona won the title again in the 2017–18 season, as well as winning their eighth double,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.marca.com/en/football/barcelona/2018/04/29/5ae60d21ca4741014a8b4572.html|title=LaLiga - Barcelona: Unbeatable champions: Barcelona win LaLiga with their eighth double|date=29 April 2018|website=MARCA in English|language=en|access-date=17 January 2019}}</ref> for a total of 7 LaLiga titles in 10 years. Barcelona retained the title yet again and won their 26th LaLiga title in the 2018–19 season, for a total of 8 LaLiga titles in 11 years.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1196268/8th-liga-in-11-years|title=8th Liga in 11 years|website=www.fcbarcelona.com|language=en|access-date=18 October 2019}}</ref>

==Clubs==
{{Location map+ |Spain |width=600 |float=right |caption=Location of teams in '''2019–20 La Liga''' |places=
{{location map~ |Spain |lat=40.4168|long= -3.7038|label= <small>[[Community of Madrid]]</small>|mark=Blue pog.svg|position=bottom}}
{{Location map~ |Spain |lat=42.837072 |long=-2.688243 |label=<small>[[Deportivo Alavés|Alavés]]</small> |position=left}}
{{Location map~ |Spain |lat=43.2641327 |long=-2.949438 |label=<small>{{nowrap|[[Athletic Bilbao]]}}</small> |position=left}}
{{Location map~ |Spain |lat=41.380889 |long=2.1228167 |label=<small>[[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]]</small> |position=right}}
{{Location map~ |Spain |lat=42.211854 |long=-8.73972 |label=<small>[[RC Celta de Vigo|Celta Vigo]]</small> |position=right}}
{{Location map~ |Spain |lat=43.181733 |long=-2.476253 |label=<small>[[SD Eibar|Eibar]]</small> |position=top}}
{{Location map~ |Spain |lat=41.347973 |long=2.074765 |label=<small>[[RCD Espanyol|Espanyol]]</small> |position=left}}
{{Location map~ |Spain |lat=37.152925 |long=-3.595744 |label=<small>[[Granada CF|Granada]]</small> |position=bottom}}
{{Location map~ |Spain |lat=39.494703 |long=-0.363842 |label=<small>[[Levante UD|Levante]]</small> |position=left}}
{{Location map~ |Spain |lat=39.589936 |long=2.6300778 |label=<small>[[RCD Mallorca|Mallorca]]</small> |position=bottom}}
{{Location map~ |Spain |lat=42.796675 |long=-1.637128 |label=<small>[[CA Osasuna|Osasuna]]</small> |position=bottom}}
{{Location map~ |Spain |lat=37.356419 |long=-5.981750 |label=<small>[[Real Betis]]</small> |position=left}}
{{Location map~ |Spain |lat=43.301393 |long=-1.973682 |label=<small>{{nowrap|[[Real Sociedad]]}}</small> |position=right}}
{{Location map~ |Spain |lat=37.384039 |long=-5.970583 |label=<small>[[Sevilla FC|Sevilla]]</small> |position=right}}
{{Location map~ |Spain |lat=39.474604 |long=-0.358225 |label=<small>[[Valencia CF|Valencia]]</small> |position=right}}
{{Location map~ |Spain |lat=41.644583 |long=-4.761256 |label=<small>[[Real Valladolid|Valladolid]]</small> |position=bottom}}
{{Location map~ |Spain |lat=39.944128 |long=-0.103472 |label=<small>[[Villarreal CF|Villarreal]]</small> |position=right}}

{{Location map~ |Spain |mark=TransparentPlaceholder.png |marksize=1 |lat=36.6 |long=2.2 |label=<div style="font-size:80%;">'''[[Football in Madrid|Community of Madrid]] teams:'''<br>
[[Atlético Madrid]]<br>
[[Getafe CF|Getafe]]<br>
[[CD Leganés|Leganés]]<br>
[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]]
</div>|position=right}}
}}
{{Location map+ |Spain Community of Madrid|width=250|float=right| caption=Location of Community of Madrid teams in '''2019–20 La Liga''' |places=
{{Location map~ |Spain Community of Madrid |lat=40.436227 |long=-3.6000022 |label=<small>{{nowrap|[[Atlético Madrid]]}}</small> |position=right}}
{{Location map~ |Spain Community of Madrid |lat=40.325728 |long=-3.714950 |label=<small>[[Getafe CF|Getafe]]</small> |position=right}}
{{Location map~ |Spain Community of Madrid |lat=40.298056 |long=-3.764444 |label=<small>[[CD Leganés|Leganés]]</small> |position=bottom}}
{{Location map~ |Spain Community of Madrid |lat=40.453054 |long=-3.688344 |label=<small>[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]]</small> |position=top}}
}}

20 teams contest the league in its current season, including the top 17 sides from the [[2018–19 La Liga|2018–19 season]] and three promoted from the [[2018–19 Segunda División]]. The promoted clubs include [[CA Osasuna|Osasuna]] and [[Granada CF|Granada]], promoted directly from the second division, and the winner of the [[2019 Segunda División play-offs|promotion play-off]], [[RCD Mallorca|Mallorca]].

===Stadiums and locations===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: left;"
|+
! Team !! Location !! Stadium !! Capacity
|-
|[[Deportivo Alavés|Alavés]]||[[Vitoria-Gasteiz]]||[[Mendizorrotza Stadium|Mendizorrotza]]|| align="center" |{{Nts|19840}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Mendizorroza |url=https://www.deportivoalaves.com/club/instalaciones/|publisher=Deportivo Alavés|access-date=22 April 2018|language=es}}</ref>
|-
|[[Athletic Bilbao]]||[[Bilbao]]||[[San Mamés Stadium (2013)|San Mamés]]|| align="center" |{{Nts|53332}}<ref>{{cite web|title=The Stadium|url=https://www.athletic-club.eus/en/san-mames/the-stadium|publisher=Athletic Bilbao|access-date=1 July 2019}}</ref>
|-
|[[Atlético Madrid]]||[[Madrid]]||[[Metropolitano Stadium]]|| align="center" |{{Nts|68000}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Wanda Metropolitano|url=http://en.atleticodemadrid.com/atm/features|publisher=Atlético Madrid|accessdate=1 July 2019}}</ref>
|-
|[[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]]||[[Barcelona]]||[[Camp Nou]]|| align="center" |{{Nts|99354}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Facilities - Camp Nou|url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/club/facilities/camp-nou|publisher=FC Barcelona|access-date=1 July 2019}}</ref>
|-
|[[RC Celta de Vigo|Celta Vigo]]||[[Vigo]]||[[Balaídos|Abanca-Balaídos]]|| align="center" |{{Nts|29000}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Facilities|url=http://www.rccelta.es/index.php/en/club-en/facilities|publisher=Celta Vigo|access-date=1 July 2019}}</ref>
|-
|[[SD Eibar|Eibar]]||[[Eibar]]||[[Ipurua Municipal Stadium|Ipurua]]|| align="center" |{{Nts|7083}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sdeibar.com/en/club/ipurua-stadium|title=Ipurua Stadium|publisher=SD Eibar|date=1 July 2019}}</ref>
|-
|[[RCD Espanyol|Espanyol]]||[[Cornellà de Llobregat]]||[[RCDE Stadium]]|| align="center" |{{Nts|40000}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Facilities - RCDE Stadium|url=https://www.rcdespanyol.com/en/instalations|publisher=RCD Espanyol|access-date=1 July 2019}}</ref>
|-
|[[Getafe CF|Getafe]]||[[Getafe]]||[[Coliseum Alfonso Pérez]]|| align="center" |{{Nts|17000}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.getafecf.com/Elclub/DatosGenerales.aspx|title=Datos Generales|publisher=Getafe CF|access-date=16 May 2016|language=es}}</ref>
|-
|[[Granada CF|Granada]]||[[Granada]]||[[Estadio Nuevo Los Cármenes|Nuevo Los Cármenes]]||align="center" | {{Nts|19336}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.granadacf.es/club/datos-del-club|title=Datos del Club|publisher=Granada CF|language=es|date=1 July 2019}}</ref>
|-
|[[CD Leganés|Leganés]]||[[Leganés]]||[[Estadio Municipal de Butarque|Butarque]]|| align="center" |{{Nts|12450}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdleganes.com/en/club/facilities|title=Facilities - Butarque|publisher=CD Leganés|access-date=1 July 2019}}</ref>
|-
|[[Levante UD|Levante]]||[[Valencia]]||[[Estadi Ciutat de València|Ciutat de València]]|| align="center" |{{Nts|25354}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.levanteud.com/en/info/asi-luce-actualmente-el-estadio-ciutat-de-valencia|title=Así luce actualmente el estadio Ciutat de València|publisher=Levante UD|date=1 July 2019|language=es}}</ref>
|-
|[[RCD Mallorca|Mallorca]]||[[Palma, Majorca|Palma]]||[[Estadi de Son Moix|Son Moix]]||align=center| {{Nts|24262}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rcdmallorca.es/en/facilities/stadium|title=Son Moix Stadium|publisher=RCD Mallorca|accessdate=1 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513134614/http://www.rcdmallorca.es/en/facilities/stadium|archive-date=13 May 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|[[CA Osasuna|Osasuna]]||[[Pamplona]]||[[El Sadar Stadium|El Sadar]]|| align="center" |{{Nts|17286}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.osasuna.es/club/instalaciones/estadio-el-sadar|title=Estadio El Sadar {{!}} CA Osasuna - Web Oficial|website=Estadio El Sadar {{!}} CA Osasuna - Web Oficial|language=es|access-date=2020-01-18}}</ref>
|-
|[[Real Betis]]||[[Seville]]||[[Estadio Benito Villamarín|Benito Villamarín]]|| align="center" |{{Nts|60720}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.realbetisbalompie.es/club/benito-villamarin-stadium/|title=Benito Villamarín Stadium|publisher=Real Betis|access-date=1 July 2019}}</ref>
|-
|[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]]||[[Madrid]]||[[Santiago Bernabéu Stadium|Santiago Bernabéu]]|| align="center" |{{Nts|81,044}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Santiago Bernabéu Stadium|url=https://www.realmadrid.com/en/santiago-bernabeu-stadium|publisher=Real Madrid CF|access-date=7 March 2016}}</ref>
|-
|[[Real Sociedad]]||[[San Sebastián]]||[[Anoeta Stadium|Anoeta]]|| align="center" |{{Nts|39500}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Facilities - Anoeta|url=https://www.realsociedad.eus/en/club/facilities?area=#/anoeta|publisher=Real Sociedad|access-date=1 July 2019}}</ref>
|-
|[[Sevilla FC|Sevilla]]||[[Seville]]||[[Ramón Sánchez Pizjuán Stadium|Ramón Sánchez Pizjuán]]|| align="center" |{{Nts|43883}}<ref>{{cite web|title=RAMÓN SÁNCHEZ-PIZJUÁN STADIUM|url=https://www.sevillafc.es/en/the-club/ramon-sanchez-pizjuan/ramon-sanchez-pizjuan-tour|publisher=Sevilla FC|access-date=1 July 2019}}</ref>
|-
|[[Valencia CF|Valencia]]||[[Valencia]]||[[Mestalla Stadium|Mestalla]]|| align="center" |{{Nts|50,000}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Facilities - Mestalla|url=https://www.valenciacf.com/en/club/facilities/mestalla|access-date=1 July 2019}}</ref>
|-
|[[Real Valladolid|Valladolid]]||[[Valladolid]]||[[Estadio José Zorrilla|José Zorrilla]]|| align="center" |{{Nts|26512}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.realvalladolid.es/elclub/estadiojosezorrilla/|title=Estadio José Zorrilla|publisher=Real Valladolid|language=es|access-date=30 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160607094454/http://www.realvalladolid.es/elclub/estadiojosezorrilla/|archive-date=7 June 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|[[Villarreal CF|Villarreal]]||[[Villarreal]]||[[Estadio de la Cerámica]]|| align="center" |{{Nts|23500}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://estadiodelaceramica.villarrealcf.es/es/?jjj=1562026930013|title=Estadio de la Cerámica|publisher=Estadio de la Cerámica|access-date=1 July 2019|language=es}}</ref>
|}
{{clear}}

==LaLiga clubs in Europe==
{{Main|Spanish football clubs in international competitions}}
[[File:Santiago Bernabéu Stadium, Real Madrid - Borussia Dortmund, 2013 - 06.jpg|thumb|right|Real Madrid against [[Borussia Dortmund]], in the UEFA Champions League semifinal [[2012–13 UEFA Champions League|2013]]]]
The ''Primera División'' is currently first in the [[UEFA coefficient|UEFA rankings]] of European leagues based on their performances in European competitions over a five-year period, ahead of England's [[Premier League]], Germany's [[Bundesliga]], and Italy's [[Serie A]] in fourth.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://kassiesa.home.xs4all.nl/bert/uefa/data/method5/crank2018.html|title=UEFA ranking of European leagues|publisher=Bert Kassies|date=November 2017}}</ref>

Real Madrid, Barcelona and Valencia are in the top ten most successful clubs in European football in terms of total European trophies.{{citation needed|date=August 2016}} These three clubs, along with Sevilla and Atlético Madrid, are five of the most successful teams in [[European football records|European competition history]]; these five are the only Spanish clubs to have won five or more international trophies. [[Deportivo de La Coruña|Deportivo La Coruña]] are the joint fifth-most participating Spanish team in the Champions League with Sevilla — after Real Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia and Atlético Madrid — with five Champions League appearances in a row, including a semifinal appearance in 2003–04.<ref name="official European competitions">{{cite web|url=https://www.uefa.com/printoutfiles/competitions/supercup/2006/e/e_84343_pk.pdf|title=UEFA club competitions press kit (.PDF archive, page 23)|accessdate=25 August 2006|publisher=UEFA Official Website}}</ref>

In 2005–06, Barcelona won the [[2005–06 UEFA Champions League|Champions League]] and Sevilla won the [[2005–06 UEFA Cup|UEFA Cup]], making LaLiga the first league to do the European "double" since 1997. This feat was repeated in 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2018. On 25 August 2015, LaLiga became the first league to qualify five teams for the [[UEFA Champions League]] group stage ([[Atlético Madrid]], [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]], [[Real Madrid C.F.|Real Madrid]], [[Sevilla FC|Sevilla]] and [[Valencia CF|Valencia]]).

==Champions==
{{Main|List of Spanish football champions}}

===Performance by club===
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" style="width:100%;"
|+Performance by individual clubs in ''Primera División''
|-
! style="width:7%;"| Teams
! style="width:5%;"| Winners
! style="width:7%;"| Runners-up
! style="width:65%;"| Winning seasons
|-
|{{nowrap|[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]]}}
|<div style="text-align: center;">33</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;">23</div>
|[[1931–32 La Liga|1931–32]], [[1932–33 La Liga|1932–33]], [[1953–54 La Liga|1953–54]], [[1954–55 La Liga|1954–55]], [[1956–57 La Liga|1956–57]], [[1957–58 La Liga|1957–58]], [[1960–61 La Liga|1960–61]], [[1961–62 La Liga|1961–62]], [[1962–63 La Liga|1962–63]], [[1963–64 La Liga|1963–64]], [[1964–65 La Liga|1964–65]], [[1966–67 La Liga|1966–67]], [[1967–68 La Liga|1967–68]], [[1968–69 La Liga|1968–69]], [[1971–72 La Liga|1971–72]], [[1974–75 La Liga|1974–75]], [[1975–76 La Liga|1975–76]], [[1977–78 La Liga|1977–78]], [[1978–79 La Liga|1978–79]], [[1979–80 La Liga|1979–80]], [[1985–86 La Liga|1985–86]], [[1986–87 La Liga|1986–87]], [[1987–88 La Liga|1987–88]], [[1988–89 La Liga|1988–89]], [[1989–90 La Liga|1989–90]], [[1994–95 La Liga|1994–95]], [[1996–97 La Liga|1996–97]], [[2000-01 La Liga|2000–01]], [[2002-03 La Liga|2002–03]], [[2006–07 La Liga|2006–07]], [[2007–08 La Liga|2007–08]], [[2011–12 La Liga|2011–12]], [[2016–17 La Liga|2016–17]]
|-
|{{nowrap|[[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]]}}
|<div style="text-align: center;">26</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;">25</div>
|[[1929 La Liga|1929–29]], [[1944–45 La Liga|1944–45]], [[1947–48 La Liga|1947–48]], [[1948–49 La Liga|1948–49]], [[1951–52 La Liga|1951–52]], [[1952–53 La Liga|1952–53]], [[1958–59 La Liga|1958–59]], [[1959–60 La Liga|1959–60]], [[1973–74 La Liga|1973–74]], [[1984–85 La Liga|1984–85]], [[1990–91 La Liga|1990–91]], [[1991–92 La Liga|1991–92]], [[1992–93 La Liga|1992–93]], [[1993–94 La Liga|1993–94]], [[1997–98 La Liga|1997–98]], [[1998–99 La Liga|1998–99]], [[2004–05 La Liga|2004–05]], [[2005–06 La Liga|2005–06]], [[2008–09 La Liga|2008–09]], [[2009–10 La Liga|2009–10]], [[2010–11 La Liga|2010–11]], [[2012–13 La Liga|2012–13]], [[2014–15 La Liga|2014–15]], [[2015–16 La Liga|2015–16]], [[2017–18 La Liga|2017–18]], [[2018–19 La Liga|2018–19]]
|-
|{{nowrap|[[Atlético Madrid]]}}
|<div style="text-align: center;">10</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;">10</div>
|[[1939–40 La Liga|1939–40]], [[1940–41 La Liga|1940–41]], [[1949–50 La Liga|1949–50]], [[1950–51 La Liga|1950–51]], [[1965–66 La Liga|1965–66]], [[1969–70 La Liga|1969–70]], [[1972–73 La Liga|1972–73]], [[1976–77 La Liga|1976–77]], [[1995–96 La Liga|1995–96]], [[2013–14 La Liga|2013–14]]
|-
|{{nowrap|[[Athletic Bilbao]]}}
|<div style="text-align: center;">8</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;">7</div>
|[[1929–30 La Liga|1929–30]], [[1930–31 La Liga|1930–31]], [[1933–34 La Liga|1933–34]], [[1935–36 La Liga|1935–36]], [[1942–43 La Liga|1942–43]], [[1955–56 La Liga|1955–56]], [[1982–83 La Liga|1982–83]], [[1983–84 La Liga|1983–84]]
|-
|{{nowrap|[[Valencia CF|Valencia]]}}
|<div style="text-align: center;">6</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;">6</div>
|[[1941–42 La Liga|1941–42]], [[1943–44 La Liga|1943–44]], [[1946–47 La Liga|1946–47]], [[1970–71 La Liga|1970–71]], [[2001–02 La Liga|2001–02]], [[2003–04 La Liga|2003–04]]
|-
|{{nowrap|[[Real Sociedad]]}}
|<div style="text-align: center;">2</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;">3</div>
|[[1980–81 La Liga|1980–81]], [[1981–82 La Liga|1981–82]]
|-
|{{nowrap|[[Deportivo de La Coruña|Deportivo La Coruña]]}}
|<div style="text-align: center;">1</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;">5</div>
|[[1999–2000 La Liga|1999–2000]]
|-
|{{nowrap|[[Sevilla FC|Sevilla]]}}
|<div style="text-align: center;">1</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;">4</div>
|[[1945–46 La Liga|1945–46]]
|-
|{{nowrap|[[Real Betis]]}}
|<div style="text-align: center;">1</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;">0</div>
|[[1934–35 La Liga|1934–35]]
|}

==Performance comparison this century==
Performance comparison of top teams since 2000.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:75%;

|+
|-
! Teams!![[1999–2000 La Liga|99–00]]!![[2000–01 La Liga|00–01]]!![[2001–02 La Liga|01–02]]!![[2002-03 La Liga|02–03]]!![[2003–04 La Liga|03–04]]!![[2004–05 La Liga|04–05]]!![[2005–06 La Liga|05–06]]!![[2006–07 La Liga|06–07]]!![[2007–08 La Liga|07–08]]!![[2008–09 La Liga|08–09]]!![[2009–10 La Liga|09–10]]!![[2010–11 La Liga|10–11]]!![[2011–12 La Liga|11–12]] !! [[2012–13 La Liga|12–13]] !! [[2013–14 La Liga|13–14]] !! [[2014–15 La Liga|14–15]] !! [[2015–16 La Liga|15–16]] !! [[2016–17 La Liga|16–17]] !! [[2017–18 La Liga|17–18]] !! [[2018–19 La Liga|18–19]]
|-
| {{abbr|[[FC Barcelona|BAR]]|Barcelona}} || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 2 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 4 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 4 || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 6 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 2 || style="background: #ffe34d;"| 1 || style="background: #ffe34d;"| 1 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 2 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 3 || style="background: #ffe34d;"| 1 || style="background: #ffe34d;"| 1 || style="background: #ffe34d;"| 1 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 2 ||style="background: #ffe34d;"| 1 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 2 ||style="background: #ffe34d;"| 1 ||style="background: #ffe34d;"| 1 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 2 ||style="background: #ffe34d;"| 1 ||style="background: #ffe34d;"| 1
|-
| {{abbr|[[Real Madrid CF|RMA]]|R. Madrid}} || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 5 ||style="background: #ffe34d;"| 1 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 3 || style="background: #ffe34d;"| 1 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 4 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 2 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 2 || style="background: #ffe34d;"| 1 || style="background: #ffe34d;"| 1 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 2 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 2 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 2 || style="background: #ffe34d;"| 1 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 2 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 3 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 2 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 2 ||style="background: #ffe34d;"| 1 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 3 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 3
|-
| {{abbr|[[Valencia CF|VAL]]|Valencia}} || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 3 ||style="background: #97DEFF;"| 5 || style="background: #ffe34d;"| 1 || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 5 || style="background: #ffe34d;"| 1 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 7 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 3 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 4 || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 10 || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 6 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 3 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 3 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 3 ||style="background: #97DEFF;"| 5 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 8 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 4 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 12 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 12 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 4 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 4
|-
| {{abbr|[[Atlético Madrid|ATM]]|Atlético}} || style="background: #FFCCCC;"| 19 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| - || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| - || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 12 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 7 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 11 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 10 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 7 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 4 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 4 || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 9 || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 7 || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 5 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 3 ||style="background: #ffe34d;"| 1 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 3 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 3 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 3 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 2 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 2
|-
| {{abbr|[[Deportivo de La Coruña|DEP]]|Deportivo}} || style="background: #ffe34d;"| 1 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 2 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 2 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 3 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 3 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 8 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 8 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 13 || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 9 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 7 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 10 || style="background: #FFCCCC;"| 18 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| - ||style="background: #FFCCCC;"| 19 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| - ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 16 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 15 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 16 ||style="background: #FFCCCC;"| 18 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| -
|-
| {{abbr|[[Sevilla FC|SEV]]|Sevilla}} || style="background: #FFCCCC;"| 20 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| - || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 8 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 10 ||style="background: #97DEFF;"| 6 || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 6 || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 5 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 3 || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 5 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 3 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 4 || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 5 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 9 ||style="background: #97DEFF;"| 9 ||style="background: #97DEFF;"| 5 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 5 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 7 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 4 ||style="background: #97DEFF;"| 7 || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 6
|-
| {{abbr|[[Athletic Bilbao|ATH]]|Athletic}} || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 11 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 12 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 9 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 7 || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 5 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 9 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 12 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 17 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 11 || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 13|| style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 8 || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 6 || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 10 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 12 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 4 ||style="background: #97DEFF;"| 7 ||style="background: #97DEFF;"| 5 ||style="background: #97DEFF;"| 7 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 16 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 8
|-
| {{abbr|[[Real Sociedad|RSO]]|R.Sociedad}} || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 13 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 13 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 13 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 2 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 15 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 14 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 16 || style="background: #FFCCCC;"| 19 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| - || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| - || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| - || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 15 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 12 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 4 ||style="background: #97DEFF;"| 7 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 12 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 9 ||style="background: #97DEFF;"| 6 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 12 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 9
|-
| {{abbr|[[RCD Espanyol|ESP]]|Espanyol}} || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 14 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 9 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 14 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 17 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 16 || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 5 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 15 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 11 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 12 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 10 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 11 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 8 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 14 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 13 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 14 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 10 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 13 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 8 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 11 ||style="background: #97DEFF;"| 7
|-
| {{abbr|[[Real Betis|BET]]|Betis}} || style="background: #FFCCCC;"| 18 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| - || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 6 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 8 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 9 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 4 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 14 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 16 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 13 || style="background: #FFCCCC;"| 18 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| - || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| - || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 13 ||style="background: #97DEFF;"| 7 ||style="background: #FFCCCC;"| 20 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| - ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 10 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 15 ||style="background: #97DEFF;"| 6 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 10
|-
| {{abbr|[[Villarreal CF|VIL]]|Villarreal}} || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| -||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 7 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 15 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 15 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 8 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 3 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 7 || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 5 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 2 || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 5 || style="background: #97DEFF;"| 7 || style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 4 || style="background: #FFCCCC;"| 18 ||style="background: #FFFFFF;"| - ||style="background: #97DEFF;"| 6 ||style="background: #97DEFF;"| 6 ||style="background: #ACE1AF;"| 4 ||style="background: #97DEFF;"| 5 ||style="background: #97DEFF;"| 5 || style="background: #FFFFFF;"| 14
|- class="sortbottom"
| colspan="30"|{{color box|#ffe34d}} League champions<br>{{color box|#ACE1AF}} Champions League <br>{{color box|#97DEFF}} Europa League<br>{{color box|#FFCCCC}} Relegation
|- style="border-top:3px solid black" class="sortbottom"
|}

==All-time LaLiga table==
The all-time LaLiga table<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.laliga.es/estadisticas-historicas |title=Clasificación Histórica Liga BBVA |publisher=[[Liga de Fútbol Profesional|LFP]] |date=21 June 2016 |accessdate=21 June 2016}}</ref> is an overall record of all match results, points, and goals of every team that has played in LaLiga since its inception in 1929. The table is accurate as of the end of the [[2018–19 La Liga|2018–19]] season.<ref>[http://www.rsssf.com/tabless/spanalltime.html All Time Table of Spanish team in La Liga] Rsssf.com</ref> Teams in '''bold''' are part of the 2019–20 LaLiga.


{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" style="text-align:center;"
|+All-time LaLiga table
|-
!{{abbr|Pos|Position}}
!{{abbr|Team|Team}}
!{{abbr|S|Seasons}}
!{{abbr|Pts|Points}}
!{{abbr|GP|Games Played}}
!{{abbr|W|Games Won}}
!{{abbr|D|Games Drawn}}
!{{abbr|L|Games Lost}}
!{{abbr|GF|Goals For}}
!{{abbr|GA|Goals Against}}
!{{abbr|1st|Champion}}
!{{abbr|2nd|Runner-up}}
!{{abbr|3rd|Third}}
!{{abbr|4th|Fourth}}
!{{abbr|5th|Fifth}}
!{{abbr|6th|Sixth }}
!{{abbr|T|Total seasons finished in first six positions}}
!{{abbr|Debut|Season of debut in La Liga}}
!{{abbr|Since/<br>Last App|In La Liga since season/Last season in La Liga}}
!{{abbr|Best|Better position}}
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ace1af;"
| 1 ||'''[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]]'''|| 88 || 4529 || 2838 || 1700 || 571 || 582 || 6135 || 3241 || 33 || 23 || 10 || 8 || 3 || 4|| 81 || 1929 ||[[1929 La Liga|1929]]|| 1
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ace1af;"
| 2 ||'''[[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]]'''|| 88 || 4442 || 2838 || 1635 || 578 || 625 || 6089 || 3179 || 26 || 25 || 12 || 12 || 4 || 6 || 85 || 1929 ||[[1929 La Liga|1929]]|| 1
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ace1af;"
| 3 ||'''[[Atlético Madrid]]'''|| 82 || 3597 || 2690 || 1286 || 618 || 786 || 4647 || 3360 || 10 || 10 || 16 || 9 || 7 || 6 || 59 || 1929 ||[[2002–03 La Liga|2002–03]]|| 1
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ace1af;"
| 4 ||'''[[Valencia CF|Valencia]]'''|| 84 || 3520 || 2740 || 1224 || 639 || 877 || 4514 || 3542 || 6 || 6 || 10 || 13 || 10 || 7 || 52 || 1931–32 ||[[1987–88 La Liga|1987–88]]|| 1
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ace1af;"
| 5 ||'''[[Athletic Bilbao]]'''|| 88 || 3464 || 2838 || 1232 || 660 || 946 || 4713 || 3794 || 8 || 7 || 10 || 5 || 8 || 10 || 49 || 1929 ||[[1929 La Liga|1929]]|| 1
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ace1af;"
| 6 ||'''[[Sevilla FC|Sevilla]]'''|| 75 || 2936 || 2484 || 1024 || 546 || 914 || 3791 || 3478 || 1 || 4 || 4 || 5 || 12 || 7 || 33 || 1934–35 ||[[2001–02 La Liga|2001–02]]|| 1
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ace1af;"
| 7 ||'''[[RCD Espanyol|Espanyol]]'''|| 84 || 2894 || 2702 || 974 || 632 || 1096 || 3693 || 3976 || – || – || 4 || 5 || 2 || 5 || 16 || 1929 ||[[1994–95 La Liga|1994–95]]|| 3
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ace1af;"
| 8 ||'''[[Real Sociedad]]'''|| 72 || 2672 || 2378 || 891 || 595 || 892 || 3339 || 3335 || 2 || 3 || 2 || 5 || 4 || 3 || 19 || 1929 ||[[2010–11 La Liga|2010–11]]|| 1
|- style="text-align:center; background:#fbe08d;"
| 9 ||[[Real Zaragoza|Zaragoza]]|| 58 || 2109 || 1986 || 698 || 522 || 766 || 2683 || 2847 || – || 1 || 4 || 5 || 4 || 4 || 18 || 1939–40 ||[[2012–13 La Liga|2012–13]]|| 2
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ace1af;"
| 10 ||'''[[Real Betis]]'''|| 53 || 1995 || 1804 || 638 || 454 || 712 || 2266 || 2604 || 1 || – || 2 || 3 || 4 || 5 || 15 || 1932–33 ||[[2015–16 La Liga|2015–16]]|| 1
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ace1af;"
| 11 ||'''[[RC Celta de Vigo|Celta Vigo]]'''|| 53 || 1879 || 1774 || 609 || 410 || 755 || 2390 || 2747 || – || – || – || 2 || 4 || 5 || 11 || 1939–40 ||[[2012–13 La Liga|2012–13]]|| 4
|- style="text-align:center; background:#fbe08d;"
| 12 ||[[Deportivo de La Coruña|Deportivo La Coruña]]|| 46 || 1843 || 1568 || 569 || 403 || 596 || 2090 || 2269 || 1 || 5 || 4 || 1 || – || 1 || 12 || 1941–42 ||[[2017–18 La Liga|2017–18]]|| 1
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ace1af;"
| 13 ||'''[[Real Valladolid|Valladolid]]'''|| 43 || 1512 || 1504 || 473 || 395 || 636 || 1799 || 2231 || – || – || – || 1 || 1 || 1 || 3 || 1948–49 ||[[2018–19 La Liga|2018–19]]|| 4
|- style="text-align:center; background:#fbe08d;"
| 14 ||[[Racing de Santander|Racing Santander]]|| 44 || 1416 || 1426 || 453 || 335 || 638 || 1842 || 2365 || – || 1 || 1 || 2 || – || 1 || 5 || 1929 ||[[2011–12 La Liga|2011–12]]|| 2
|- style="text-align:center; background:#fbe08d;"
| 15 ||[[Sporting de Gijón|Sporting Gijón]]|| 43 || 1389 || 1458 || 471 || 358 || 629 || 1753 || 2152 || – || 1 || 1 || 2 || 2 || 1 || 7 || 1944–45 ||[[2016–17 La Liga|2016–17]]|| 2
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ace1af;"
| 16 ||'''[[CA Osasuna|Osasuna]]'''|| 37 || 1351 || 1318 || 426 || 327 || 565 || 1497 || 1833 || – || – || – || 2 || 2 || 2 || 6 || 1935–36 ||[[2019–20 La Liga|2019–20]]|| 4
|- style="text-align:center; background:#fbe08d;"
| 17 ||[[Málaga CF|Málaga]]|| 37 || 1334 || 1293 || 395 || 335 || 563 || 1445 || 1824 || – || – || – || 1 || – || 1 || 2 || 1949–50 ||[[2017–18 La Liga|2017–18]]|| 4
|- style="text-align:center; background:#fbe08d;"
| 18 ||[[Real Oviedo|Oviedo]]|| 38 || 1174 || 1192 || 408 || 292 || 492 || 1642 || 1951 || – || – || 3 || 2 || 2 || 4 || 11 || 1933–34 ||[[2000–01 La Liga|2000–01]]|| 3
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ace1af;"
| 19 ||'''[[RCD Mallorca|Mallorca]]'''|| 27 || 1148 || 988 || 333 || 256 || 399 || 1182 || 1371 || – || – || 2 || – || 2 || 1 || 5 || 1960–61 ||[[2019–20 La Liga|2019–20]]|| 3
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ace1af;"
| 20 ||'''[[Villarreal CF|Villarreal]]'''|| 19 || 1075 || 722 || 294 || 193 || 235 || 998 || 891 || – || 1 || 1 || 2 || 4 || 2 || 10 || 1998–99 ||[[2013–14 La Liga|2013–14]]|| 2
|- style="text-align:center; background:#fbe08d;"
| 21 ||[[UD Las Palmas|Las Palmas]]|| 34 || 1042 || 1134 || 372 || 249 || 513 || 1371 || 1820 || – || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 5 || 1951–52 ||[[2017–18 La Liga|2017–18]]|| 2
|- style="text-align:center; background:#fbe08d;"
| 22 ||[[Rayo Vallecano]]|| 18 || 694 || 680 || 197 || 156 || 327 || 801 || 1158 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1977–78 ||[[2018–19 La Liga|2018–19]]|| 8
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ace1af;"
| 23 ||'''[[Getafe CF|Getafe]]'''|| 14 || 667 || 532 || 177 || 136 || 219 || 610 || 697 || – || – || – || – || 1 || 1 || 2 || 2004–05 ||[[2017–18 La Liga|2017–18]]|| 5
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ace1af;"
| 24 ||'''[[Granada CF|Granada]]'''|| 23 || 667 || 742 || 218 || 175 || 349 || 819 || 1158 || – || – || – || – || – || 2 || 2 || 1941–42 ||[[2019–20 La Liga|2019–20]]|| 6
|- style="text-align:center; background:#fbe08d;"
| 25 ||[[Elche CF|Elche]]|| 21 || 606 || 678 || 203 || 180 || 295 || 750 || 1022 || – || – || – || – || 1 || 1 || 2 || 1959–60 ||[[2014–15 La Liga|2014–15]]|| 5
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ebc9fe;"
| 26 ||[[Hércules CF|Hércules]]|| 20 || 538 || 628 || 184 || 149 || 295 || 716 || 1050 || – || – || – || – || 1 || 4 || 5 || 1935–36 ||[[2010–11 La Liga|2010–11]]|| 5
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ace1af;"
| 27 ||'''[[Deportivo Alavés|Alavés]]'''|| 14 || 518 || 456 || 153 || 94 || 209 || 537 || 723 || – || – || – || – || – || 1 || 1 || 1930–31 ||[[2016–17 La Liga|2016–17]]|| 6
|- style="text-align:center; background:#fbe08d;"
| 28 ||[[CD Tenerife|Tenerife]]|| 13 || 510 || 494 || 155 || 128 || 211 || 619 || 744 || – || – || – || – || 2 || – || 2 || 1961–62 ||[[2009–10 La Liga|2009–10]]|| 5
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ace1af;"
| 29 ||'''[[Levante UD|Levante]]'''|| 13 || 506 || 478 || 135 || 119 || 224 || 533 || 756 || – || – || – || – || – || 1 || 1 || 1963–64 ||[[2017–18 La Liga|2017–18]]|| 6
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ebc9fe;"
| 30 ||[[Real Murcia|Murcia]]|| 18 || 445 || 586 || 145 || 143 || 298 || 607 || 992 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1940–41 ||[[2007–08 La Liga|2007–08]]|| 11
|- style="text-align:center; background:#bbb;"
| 31 ||[[UD Salamanca|Salamanca]]|| 12 || 375 || 423 || 123 || 102 || 198 || 422 || 581 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1974–75 ||[[1998–99 La Liga|1998–99]]|| 7
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ebc9fe;"
| 32 ||[[CE Sabadell FC|Sabadell]]|| 14 || 353 || 426 || 129 || 95 || 202 || 492 || 720 || – || – || – || 1 || 1 || – || 2 || 1943–44 ||[[1987–88 La Liga|1987–88]]|| 4
|- style="text-align:center; background:#fbe08d;"
| 33 ||[[Cádiz CF|Cádiz]]|| 12 || 343 || 448 || 104 || 127 || 217 || 393 || 662 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1977–78 ||[[2005–06 La Liga|2005–06]]|| 12
|- style="text-align:center; background:#bbb;"
| 34 ||[[CD Logroñés|Logroñés]]|| 9 || 293 || 346 || 96 || 92 || 158 || 291 || 489 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1987–88 ||[[1996–97 La Liga|1996–97]]|| 7
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ebc9fe;"
| 35 ||[[CD Castellón|Castellón]]|| 11 || 285 || 334 || 103 || 79 || 152 || 419 || 588 || – || – || – || 1 || 2 || – || 3 || 1941–42 ||[[1990–91 La Liga|1990–91]]|| 4
|- style="text-align:center; background:#fbe08d;"
| 36 ||[[Albacete Balompié|Albacete]]|| 7 || 277 || 270 || 76 || 76 || 118 || 320 || 410 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1991–92 ||[[2004–05 La Liga|2004–05]]|| 7
|- style="text-align:center; background:#fbe08d;"
| 37 ||[[UD Almería|Almería]]|| 6 || 242 || 228 || 62 || 56 || 110 || 244 || 366 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 2007–08 ||[[2014–15 La Liga|2014–15]]|| 8
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ace1af;"
| 38 ||'''[[SD Eibar|Eibar]]'''|| 5 || 230 || 190 || 60 || 50 || 80 || 229 || 267 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 2014–15 ||[[2014–15 La Liga|2014–15]]|| 9<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.laliga.es/en/news/official-statement-27|title=Official statement|publisher=LaLiga.es|date=2015}}</ref>
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ebc9fe;"
| 39 ||[[Córdoba CF|Córdoba]]|| 9 || 230 || 282 || 82 || 63 || 137 || 285 || 430 || – || – || – || – || 1 || – || 1 || 1962–63 ||[[2014–15 La Liga|2014–15]]|| 5
|- style="text-align:center; background:#c1ddfd;"
| 40 ||[[SD Compostela|Compostela]]|| 4 || 190 || 160 || 52 || 45 || 63 || 199 || 241 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1994–95 ||[[1997–98 La Liga|1997–98]]|| 10
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ebc9fe;"
| 41 ||[[Recreativo de Huelva|Recreativo]]|| 5 || 188 || 186 || 50 || 46 || 90 || 202 || 296 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1978–79 ||[[2008–09 La Liga|2008–09]]|| 8
|- style="text-align:center; background:#bbb;"
| 42 ||[[Burgos CF (I)|Burgos CF]]|| 6 || 168 || 204 || 59 || 50 || 95 || 216 || 310 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1971–72 ||[[1979–80 La Liga|1979–80]]|| 12
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ebc9fe;"
| 43 ||[[Pontevedra CF|Pontevedra]]|| 6 || 150 || 180 || 53 || 44 || 83 || 165 || 221 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1963–64 ||[[1969–70 La Liga|1969–70]]|| 7
|- style="text-align:center; background:#fbe08d;"
| 44 ||[[CD Numancia|Numancia]]|| 4 || 148 || 152 || 37 || 37 || 78 || 155 || 253 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1999–00 ||[[2008–09 La Liga|2008–09]]|| 17
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ace1af;"
| 45 ||'''[[CD Leganés|Leganés]]'''|| 3 || 123 || 114 || 31 || 30 || 53 || 107 || 149 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 2016–17 ||[[2016–17 La Liga|2016–17]]|| 13
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ebc9fe;"
| 46 ||[[Arenas Club de Getxo|Arenas]]|| 7 || 107 || 130 || 43 || 21 || 66 || 227 || 308 || – || – || 1 || – || 3 || – || 4 || 1929 ||[[1934–35 La Liga|1934–35]]|| 3
|- style="text-align:center; background:#c1ddfd;"
| 47 ||[[Real Burgos CF|Real Burgos]]|| 3 || 96 || 114 || 26 || 44 || 44 || 101 || 139 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1990–91 ||[[1992–93 La Liga|1992–93]]|| 9
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ebc9fe;"
| 48 ||[[Gimnàstic de Tarragona|Gimnàstic]]|| 4 || 91 || 116 || 34 || 16 || 66 || 181 || 295 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1947–48 ||[[2006–07 La Liga|2006–07]]|| 7
|- style="text-align:center; background:#fbe08d;"
| 49 ||[[Girona FC|Girona]]|| 2 || 88 || 76 || 23 || 19 || 34 || 87 || 112 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 2017–18 ||[[2018–19 La Liga|2018–19]]|| 9
|- style="text-align:center; background:#bbb;"
| 50 ||[[CF Extremadura|Extremadura]]|| 2 || 83 || 80 || 20 || 23 || 37 || 62 || 117 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1996–97 ||[[1998–99 La Liga|1998–99]]|| 17
|- style="text-align:center; background:#bbb;"
| 51 ||[[CP Mérida|Mérida]]|| 2 || 81 || 80 || 19 || 24 || 37 || 70 || 115 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1995–96 ||[[1997–98 La Liga|1997–98]]|| 19
|- style="text-align:center; background:#c1ddfd;"
| 52 ||[[CD Alcoyano|Alcoyano]]|| 4 || 76 || 108 || 30 || 16 || 62 || 145 || 252 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1945–46 ||[[1950–51 La Liga|1950–51]]|| 10
|- style="text-align:center; background:#c1ddfd;"
| 53 ||[[Real Jaén|Jaén]]|| 3 || 71 || 90 || 29 || 13 || 48 || 121 || 183 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1953–54 ||[[1957–58 La Liga|1957–58]]|| 14
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ebc9fe;"
| 54 ||[[Real Unión]]|| 4 || 56 || 72 || 21 || 14 || 37 || 153 || 184 || – || – || – || – || – || 1 || 1 || 1929 ||[[1931–32 La Liga|1931–32]]|| 6
|- style="text-align:center; background:#bbb;"
| 55 ||[[AD Almería]]|| 2 || 52 || 68 || 17 || 18 || 33 || 71 || 116 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1979–80 ||[[1980–81 La Liga|1980–81]]|| 10
|- style="text-align:center; background:#c1ddfd;"
| 56 ||[[CE Europa|Europa]]|| 3 || 42 || 54 || 18 || 6 || 30 || 97 || 131 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1929 ||[[1930–31 La Liga|1930–31]]|| 8
|- style="text-align:center; background:#bbb;"
| 57 ||[[UE Lleida|Lleida]]|| 2 || 40 || 68 || 13 || 14 || 41 || 70 || 182 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1950–51 ||[[1993–94 La Liga|1993–94]]|| 16
|- style="text-align:center; background:#c1ddfd;"
| 58 ||[[Xerez CD|Xerez]]|| 1 || 34 || 38 || 8 || 10 || 20 || 38 || 66 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 2009–10 ||[[2009–10 La Liga|2009–10]]|| 20
|- style="text-align:center; background:#fbe08d;"
| 59 ||[[SD Huesca|Huesca]]|| 1 || 33 || 38 || 7 || 12 || 19 || 43 || 65 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 2018–19 ||[[2018–19 La Liga|2018–19]]|| 19
|- style="text-align:center; background:#bbb;"
| 60 ||[[CD Condal|Condal]]|| 1 || 22 || 30 || 7 || 8 || 15 || 37 || 57 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1956–57 ||[[1956–57 La Liga|1956–57]]|| 16
|- style="text-align:center; background:#bbb;"
| 61 ||[[Atlético Tetuán]]|| 1 || 19 || 30 || 7 || 5 || 18 || 51 || 85 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1951–52 ||[[1951–52 La Liga|1951–52]]|| 16
|- style="text-align:center; background:#ebc9fe;"
| 62 ||[[Cultural y Deportiva Leonesa|Cultural Leonesa]]|| 1 || 14 || 30 || 5 || 4 || 21 || 34 || 65 || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || 1955–56 ||[[1955–56 La Liga|1955–56]]|| 15
|-
! colspan="20" |Notes
|-
| colspan="20" |
** <small>Note: Despite finishing the season in the 13th position in the [[2014–15 La Liga]], on 5 June, Elche was relegated to Segunda División due to its financial struggles, Newcomers [[SD Eibar|Eibar]], who finished the season in the 18th position, took Elche's place in the [[2015–16 La Liga]].</small>
|}

{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="text-align:left; font-size:95%;"
|+League or status for [[2019–20 in Spanish football|2019–20 season]]
|-
| style="width:10px; background:#ace1af;" | ||[[2019–20 La Liga|2019–20 LaLiga]]
|-
| style="width:10px; background:#fbe08d;" | ||[[2019–20 Segunda División]]
|-
| style="width:10px; background:#ebc9fe;" | ||[[2019–20 Segunda División B]]
|-
| style="width:10px; background:#c1ddfd;" | ||[[2019–20 Tercera División]]
|-
| style="width:10px; background:#fffddf;" | ||[[Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol|2018–19 Divisiones Regionales]]
|-
| style="width:10px; background:#bbb;" | ||Club no longer exists
|}

===All-time LaLiga table (3 pts. since 1995)===

{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" style="text-align:center;"
|+All-time LaLiga table (wins, 3 points)
|-
!{{abbr|Pos|Position}}
!{{abbr|Team|Team}}
!{{abbr|GP|Games Played}}
!{{abbr|W|Games Won}}
!{{abbr|D|Games Drawn}}
!{{abbr|L|Games Lost}}
!{{abbr|GD|Goal dif.}}
!{{abbr|Pts|Points}}

|- style="text-align:center; background:#FFFF75;"
|'''1'''||align="left"|FC Barcelona || 882 ||568 ||175 ||139 ||1201 ||'''1879'''
|-
|'''2'''||align="left"|Real Madrid CF || 882 ||561 ||166 ||155 ||1041 ||'''1849'''
|-
|'''3'''||align="left"|Valencia CF || 882 ||418 ||207 ||257 ||364 ||'''1461'''
|-
|'''4'''||align="left"|Atlético de Madrid || 806 ||385 ||192 ||229 ||381 ||'''1347'''
|-
|'''5'''||align="left"|Athletic Club || 882 ||327 ||242 ||313 ||–29 ||'''1223'''
|-
|'''6'''||align="left"|Sevilla FC || 768 ||325 ||177|| 266 ||130|| '''1152'''
|-
|'''7'''||align="left"|RCD Espanyol || 882 ||300 ||237 ||345 ||–112 ||'''1137'''
|-
|'''8'''||align="left"|Deportivo de La Coruña ||806 ||302 ||227 ||277 ||12 ||'''1133'''
|-
|'''9'''||align="left"|Real Sociedad || 768 ||282 ||202 ||284|| –1 ||'''1048'''
|-
|'''10'''||align="left"|Villarreal CF || 684 ||284 ||179|| 221|| 110 ||'''1031'''
|-
|'''11'''||align="left"|Real Betis || 730 ||251 ||206 ||273|| –102 ||'''959'''
|-
|'''12'''||align="left"|Celta de Vigo|| 654 ||241 ||168 ||245|| –8 ||'''891'''
|-
|'''13'''||align="left"|RCD Mallorca || 608 ||226 ||151 ||231 ||–39|| '''829'''
|-
|'''14'''||align="left"|Málaga CF || 646 ||208 ||165 ||273 ||–121|| '''789'''
|-
|'''15'''||align="left"|Real Zaragoza || 616 ||191 ||181|| 244 ||–114 ||'''754'''
|-
|'''16'''||align="left"|Racing de Santander|| 616 ||175 ||184|| 257 ||–181 ||'''709'''
|-
|'''17'''||align="left"|CA Osasuna || 570 ||172 ||153|| 245 ||–183 ||'''669'''
|-
|'''18'''||align="left"|Real Valladolid CF|| 540 ||161 ||159|| 220 ||–139 ||'''642'''
|-
|'''19'''||align="left"|Getafe CF || 494 ||162 ||122|| 210 ||–104 ||'''608'''
|-
|'''20'''||align="left"|Rayo Vallecano || 426 ||136 ||83|| 207 ||–211 ||'''491'''
|-
|'''21'''||align="left"|Levante UD || 380 ||106 ||96|| 178 ||–189 ||'''414'''
|-
|'''22'''||align="left"|Deportivo Alavés|| 304 ||105 ||65 ||134 ||–88 ||'''380'''
|-
|'''23'''||align="left"|Real Sporting || 350 ||89 ||79 ||182 ||–209 ||'''346'''
|-
|'''24'''||align="left"|CD Tenerife || 236 ||72 ||65 ||99 ||–68 ||'''281'''
|-
|'''25'''||align="left"|Real Oviedo || 236 ||66 ||69 ||101 ||–98 ||'''267'''
|-
|'''26'''||align="left"|UD Almería || 228 ||62 ||56 ||110 ||–123 ||'''242'''
|-
|'''27'''||align="left"|Granada CF || 228 ||56 ||51 ||121 ||–172 ||'''219'''
|-
|'''28'''||align="left"|UD Las Palmas || 190 ||49 ||44 ||97 ||–109 ||'''191'''
|-
|'''29'''||align="left"|SD Eibar || 152 ||49 ||36 ||67 ||–34 ||'''183'''
|-
|'''30'''||align="left"|Recreativo || 152 ||42 ||41 ||69 ||–67 ||'''167'''
|-
|'''31'''||align="left"|SD Compostela || 122 ||41 ||33 ||48 ||–30 ||'''156'''
|-
|'''32'''||align="left"|CD Numancia || 152 ||37 ||37 ||78 ||–98 ||'''148'''
|-
|'''33'''||align="left"|Albacete ||118 ||29 ||30 ||59 ||–57 ||'''117'''
|-
|'''34'''||align="left"|UD Salamanca || 118 ||27 ||24 ||67 ||–66 ||'''105'''
|-
|'''35'''||align="left"|CF Extremadura || 80 ||20 ||23 ||37 ||–55 ||'''83'''
|-
|'''36'''||align="left"|CP Mérida || 80 ||19 ||24 ||37 ||–45 ||'''81'''
|-
|'''37'''||align="left"|Elche CF || 76 ||20 ||21 ||35 ||–47 ||'''81'''
|-
|'''38'''||align="left"|CD Leganés || 76 ||20 ||18 ||38 ||–36 ||'''78'''
|-
|'''39'''||align="left"|Hércules CF || 80 ||21 ||13 ||46 ||–61 ||'''76'''
|-
|'''40'''||align="left"|Real Murcia CF || 76 ||12 ||20 ||44 ||–57 ||'''56'''
|-
|'''41'''||align="left"|Girona FC || 38 ||14 ||9 ||15 ||–9 ||'''51'''
|-
|'''42'''||align="left"|Cádiz CF || 38 ||8 ||12 ||18 ||–16 ||'''36'''
|-
|'''43'''||align="left"|Xerez CD || 38 ||8 ||10 ||20 ||–10||'''34'''
|-
|'''44'''||align="left"|CD Logroñés || 42 ||9 ||6 ||27 ||–52 ||'''33'''
|-
|'''45'''||align="left"|Gimnàstic || 38 ||7 ||7 ||24 ||–35 ||'''28'''
|-
|'''46'''||align="left"|Córdoba CF || 38 ||3 ||11 ||24 ||–46 ||'''20'''
|}

==Players==

===Eligibility of non-EU players===
In LaLiga, players can claim citizenship from the nation their ancestors came from. If a player does not have European ancestry, he can claim Spanish citizenship after playing in Spain for five years. Sometimes, this can lead to a triple-citizenship situation; for example, [[Leo Franco]], who was born in Argentina, is of Italian heritage yet can claim a Spanish passport, having played in LaLiga for over five years.

In addition, players from the [[ACP countries]]—countries in Africa, the [[Caribbean]], and the Pacific that are signatories to the [[Cotonou Agreement]]—are not counted against non-EU quotas due to the [[Kolpak ruling]].

===Individual awards===
Until the 2008–09 season, no official individual awards existed in La Liga. In 2008–09 season, the LFP governing body created the [[LFP Awards]] (now called LaLiga Awards), awarded each season to individual players and coaches.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/spanish-primera-division/story/3231988/la-liga-cancels-award-ceremony-for-2016-17-in-order-to-launch-new-format|title=La Liga cancels 2016-17 award ceremony|work=ESPN.com|access-date=26 October 2018|language=en}}</ref> Additional awards relating to La Liga are distributed, some not sanctioned by the Liga de Futbol Profesional or RFEF and therefore not regarded as official. The most notable of these are four awarded by Spain's largest sports paper, ''[[Marca (newspaper)|Marca]]'', namely the [[Pichichi Trophy]], awarded to the top scorer of the season; the [[Ricardo Zamora Trophy]], for the goalkeeper with the fewest goals allowed per game (minimum 28 games); the [[Trofeo Alfredo di Stéfano|Alfredo di Stéfano Trophy]], for the player judged to be the best overall player in the division; and the [[Zarra Trophy]], for the top scorer among Spanish domestic players.

Since the 2013–14 season, LaLiga has also bestowed the monthly [[La Liga Manager of the Month|manager of the month]] and [[La Liga Player of the Month|player of the month]] awards.

===Transfers===
The first La Liga player to be involved in a transfer which broke the [[World football transfer record|world record]] was [[Luis Suárez (footballer, born 1935)|Luis Suárez]] in 1961, who moved from Barcelona to [[Inter Milan|Internazionale]] for £152,000 (£{{Inflation|UK|0.152|1961|r=1}} million in {{Inflation/year|UK}}). Twelve years later, [[Johan Cruyff]] was the first player to join a La Liga club for a record fee, £922,000 (£{{Inflation|UK|0.922|1973|r=1}} million in {{Inflation/year|UK}}) from [[AFC Ajax|Ajax]] to Barcelona. In 1982, Barcelona again set the record by signing [[Diego Maradona]] from [[Boca Juniors]] for £5 million (£{{Inflation|UK|5|1982|r=0}} million in {{Inflation/year|UK}}).<ref>{{cite news|title=Gareth Bale: The history of the world transfer record|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/23903470|accessdate=22 November 2014|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=1 September 2013}}</ref> Real Betis set the world record in 1998 when they signed [[Denílson de Oliveira Araújo|Denílson]] from [[São Paulo FC|São Paulo]] for £21.5 million (£{{Inflation|UK|21.5|1998|r=1}} million in {{Inflation/year|UK}}).<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/football/2007/jan/31/newsstory.sport12</ref>

Four of the last six world transfer records have been set by Real Madrid, signing [[Luís Figo]],<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/internationals/figo-defects-to-real-madrid-for-record-pound372m-709465.html | work=[[The Independent]] | location=London | title=Figo defects to Real Madrid for record £36.2m | first=Elizabeth | last=Nash | date=25 July 2000 | accessdate=20 August 2017}}</ref> [[Zinedine Zidane]],<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.juventus.com/news/0,,A_336083%7CL_IT,00.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20010806031702/http://www.juventus.com/news/0,,A_336083%7CL_IT,00.html |title=Zidane al Real |date=9 July 2001 |archivedate=6 August 2001 |accessdate=20 August 2017 |work=Juventus F.C. |language=Italian |url-status=dead |df= }}</ref> [[Cristiano Ronaldo]]<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/5505073/Cristiano-Ronaldo-transfer-Real-Madrid-agree-80-million-fee-with-Manchester-United.html |title=Cristiano Ronaldo transfer: Real Madrid agree £80 million fee with Manchester United |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=11 June 2009 |accessdate=20 August 2017 |location=London |first=Mark |last=Ogden}}</ref> (plus a deal for [[Kaká]] days before Ronaldo<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/european/5469863/Real-Madrid-to-confirm-world-record-56m-signing-of-Kaka.html|title = Real Madrid to confirm world record £56m signing of Kaka|date = 7 June 2009|accessdate = 21 August 2017|website = The Telegraph|publisher = |last = Wilson|first = Jeremy}}</ref> which fell just below a world record due to the way the fee was calculated)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/europe/8082147.stm|title=Kaka completes Real Madrid switch|date=9 June 2009|accessdate = 21 August 2017|publisher=BBC}}</ref> and finally [[Gareth Bale]], who was bought in 2013 for £85.3m (€103.4m or $140m at the time; £{{Inflation|UK|85.3|2013|r=1}}m in {{Inflation/year|UK}}) from [[Tottenham Hotspur F.C.|Tottenham Hotspur]].<ref name="contractleak">{{cite news|title=Gareth Bale contract leak sparks panic at Real Madrid - and agent's fury|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/players/gareth-bale/12111960/Revealed-How-Real-Madrid-claimed-Gareth-Bale-transfer-was-not-a-world-record-to-keep-Cristiano-Ronaldo-happy.html|issue=21 January 2016|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=21 January 2016|accessdate=20 August 2017}}</ref>

The Brazilian forward [[Neymar]] was the subject of an [[Transfer (association football)#2013: Transfer of Neymar from Santos to Barcelona|expensive and complicated transfer arrangement]] when he joined Barcelona from [[Santos FC|Santos]] in 2013,<ref name="BBC Real">{{cite news|title=Barcelona: Neymar deal has damaged brand of La Liga club|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/26512767|work=[[BBC Sport]]|accessdate=20 August 2017|date=10 March 2014|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160122231534/http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/26512767|archivedate=22 January 2016}}</ref><ref name="SkyReal">{{cite news |url=https://www1.skysports.com/football/news/11833/9132103/primera-division-barcelona-reveal-details-of-deal-to-sign-brazil-star-neymar |title=Barcelona reveal details of deal to sign Brazil star Neymar |date=24 January 2014 |accessdate=20 August 2017|work=Sky Sports |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141211041519/http://www1.skysports.com/football/news/11833/9132103/primera-division-barcelona-reveal-details-of-deal-to-sign-brazil-star-neymar |archivedate=11 December 2014 }}</ref> and his outgoing transfer to [[Paris Saint-Germain F.C.|Paris Saint-Germain]] in 2017 set a new world record fee at €222m via his [[buyout clause]].<ref name="BBC Neymar">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/40762417|title=Neymar: Paris St-Germain sign Barcelona forward for world record 222m euros|date=3 August 2017|accessdate=20 August 2017|work=BBC|publisher=The British Broadcasting Corporation|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803235435/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/40762417|archivedate=3 August 2017}}</ref> Barcelona soon invested a large amount of the money received from this transfer in a replacement, [[Ousmane Dembélé]], whose deal – €105m – was the second most expensive ever before [[Philippe Coutinho]]'s transfer to Barcelona for €142m in January 2018.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://sports.yahoo.com/barcelona-signs-ousmane-dembele-neymar-replacement-ways-one-154647028.html|title=Barcelona signs Ousmane Dembele, its Neymar replacement in more ways than one|date=25 August 2017|accessdate=26 August 2017|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2018/01/08/watch-live-philippe-coutinho-unveiled-barcelona-142million-transfer/|title=Philippe Coutinho's Barcelona debut delayed by 20 days because of injury as he completes £142m move|first=Telegraph|last=Sport|date=8 January 2018|publisher=|via=www.telegraph.co.uk}}</ref>

==Player records==
{{further|Football records and statistics in Spain}}

===Most goals===
{{see also|List of La Liga top scorers}}

{{Updated|7 March 2020}}

'''Boldface''' indicates a player still active in LaLiga. ''Italics'' indicates a player still active outside LaLiga.
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center"
|-
!width=10|Rank
!width=200|Player
!width=350|Club(s)
!width=100|Years active
!width=70|Goals
!width=70|Apps
!width=70|Ratio
|-
|1
|align="left"|{{flagicon|Argentina}} '''[[Lionel Messi]]'''
|align="left"|[[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]]
|2004–||438||474||{{#expr:438/474 round 2}}
|-
|2
|align="left"|{{flagicon|Portugal}} ''[[Cristiano Ronaldo]]''
|align="left"|[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]]
|2009–2018||312||292||{{#expr:311/292 round 2}}
|-
|3
|align="left"|{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Telmo Zarra]]
|align="left"|[[Athletic Bilbao]]
|1940–1955||251||278||{{#expr:251/278 round 2}}
|-
|4
|align="left"|{{flagicon|MEX}} [[Hugo Sánchez]]
|align="left"|[[Atlético Madrid]], [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]], [[Rayo Vallecano]]
|1981–1994||234||347||{{#expr:234/347 round 2}}
|-
|5
|align="left"|{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Raúl (footballer)|Raúl]]
|align="left"|[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]]
|1994–2010||228||550||{{#expr:228/550 round 2}}
|-
|6
|align="left"|{{flagicon|Argentina}} [[Alfredo Di Stéfano]]
|align="left"|[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]], [[RCD Espanyol|Espanyol]]
|1953–1966||227||329||{{#expr:227/329 round 2}}
|-
|7
|align="left"|{{flagicon|Spain}} [[César Rodríguez Álvarez|César Rodríguez]]
|align="left"|[[Granada CF|Granada]], [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]], [[Cultural Leonesa]], [[Elche CF|Elche]]
|1939–1955||223||353||{{#expr:223/353 round 2}}
|-
|8
|align="left"|{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Quini]]
|align="left"|[[Sporting de Gijón|Sporting Gijón]], [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]]
|1970–1987||219||448||{{#expr:219/448 round 2}}
|-
|9
|align="left"|{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Pahiño]]
|align="left"|[[RC Celta de Vigo|Celta Vigo]], [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]], [[Deportivo de La Coruña|Deportivo La Coruña]]
|1943–1956||210||278||{{#expr:210/278 round 2}}
|-
|10
|align="left"|{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Edmundo Suárez]]
|align="left"|[[Valencia CF|Valencia]], [[CD Alcoyano|Alcoyano]]
|1939–1950||195||231||{{#expr:195/231 round 2}}
|}

===Most appearances===
{{See also|List of La Liga players}}
{{updated|8 March 2020}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center"
|-
!Rank
!width=180|Player
!width=350|Club(s)
!width=90|Years active
!width=70|Apps
!width=70|Goals
|-
|1
|align="left"|{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Andoni Zubizarreta]]
|align="left"|[[Athletic Bilbao]], [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]], [[Valencia CF|Valencia]]
|{{nowrap|1981–1998}}||622||0
|-
|2
|align="left"|{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Raúl (footballer)|Raúl]]
|align="left"|[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]]
|1994–2010||550||228
|-
|3
|align="left"|{{flagicon|Spain}} '''[[Joaquín (footballer, born 1981)|Joaquín]]'''
|align="left"|[[Real Betis]], [[Valencia CF|Valencia]], [[Málaga CF|Málaga]]
|2001–2013 2015–||544||76
|-
|4
|align="left"|{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Eusebio Sacristán]]
|align="left"|[[Real Valladolid|Valladolid]], [[Atlético Madrid]], [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]], [[RC Celta de Vigo|Celta Vigo]]
|1983–2002||543||36
|-
|5
|align="left"|{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Francisco Buyo]]
|align="left"|[[Sevilla FC|Sevilla]], [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]]
|1980–1997||542||0
|-
|6
|align="left"|{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Manuel Sanchís Hontiyuelo|Manuel Sanchís]]
|align="left"|[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]]
|1983–2001||523||32
|-
|7
|align="left"|{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Iker Casillas]]
|align="left"|[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]]
|1999–2015||510||0
|-
|8
|align="left"|{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Xavi]]
|align="left"|[[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]]
|1998–2015||505||58
|-
|9
|align="left"|{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Miquel Soler]]
|align="left"|[[RCD Espanyol|Espanyol]], [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]], [[Atlético Madrid]], [[Sevilla FC|Sevilla]], [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]], [[Real Zaragoza|Zaragoza]], [[RCD Mallorca|Mallorca]]
|1983–2003||504||12
|-
|10
|align="left"|{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Fernando Hierro]]
|align="left"|[[Real Valladolid|Valladolid]], [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]]
|1987–2003||497||104
|}

==Sponsors==
* [[Banco Santander]]
* [[Puma SE|Puma]]
* [[EA Sports]]
* [[Budweiser]]
* [[Rexona]]
* [[Balkrishna Industries]]
* LiveScore
* [[El Corte Inglés]]
* [[Samsung]]
* [[Panini Group|Panini]]
* Sportium
* [[Deliveroo]]
* [[Allianz]]
* [[Stihl]]
* [[Mazda]]
* [[Danone]]
* Marqués del Atrio
* [[The Vital Dent Foundation]]
* [[Mail Boxes Etc.]]
* [[Renfe Operadora|Renfe]]

==See also==
{{portal|Association football|Spain}}
* [[Football records and statistics in Spain]]
* [[List of football clubs in Spain]]
* [[List of foreign La Liga players]]
* [[List of La Liga stadiums]]
* [[List of attendance figures at domestic professional sports leagues|List of attendance at sports leagues]]
* [[List of La Liga broadcasters]]
* [[Sports broadcasting contracts in Spain]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* {{in lang|en}} [https://www.laliga.es/en Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional]
* {{in lang|es}} [https://www.rfef.es/ Royal Spanish Football Federation]

{{La Liga teamlist}}
{{La Liga seasons}}
{{La Liga venues}}
{{La Liga managers}}
{{Football in Spain}}
{{UEFA leagues}}
[[Category:La Liga| ]]
[[Category:Football leagues in Spain|1]]
[[Category:Top level football leagues in Europe|Spain]]
[[Category:1928 establishments in Spain]]
[[Category:Sports leagues established in 1928]]

Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional

2020-04-24T18:25:56Z

Shiclanero: proper name of Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional

{{distinguish|Ligue de Football Professionnel}}
{{refimprove|date=August 2010}}
{{Infobox organization
|name = Liga de Fútbol Profesional
|image = LaLiga.svg
|formation = {{Start date and age|1984|07|27|df=y}}
|type = Sports association
|headquarters = [[Madrid]]
|leader_title = President
|leader_name = [[Javier Tebas Medrano|Javier Tebas]]
|key_people=[[Javier Tebas Medrano|Javier Tebas]]<br />Carlos del Campo Colás
|main_organ = General Assembly
|parent_organization =
|affiliations = [[European Professional Football Leagues]]
|budget =
|remarks =
|image_border =
|size = 160px
|msize =
|malt =
|mcaption =
|abbreviation = LFP
|location =
|region_served = {{ESP}}
|membership = 42 football clubs
|num_volunteers =
|sec_gen=Carlos del Campo Colás}}

The '''Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional'''{{efn|Spanish pronunciation: {{IPA-es|ˈliɣa naθjoˈnal de ˈfuðβol pɾofesjoˈnal|}}.}} (National Professional Football League), also known as the '''Liga de Fútbol Profesional''' and more commonly '''La Liga''', is a national sports association responsible for administering the two professional [[Association football|football]] leagues in [[Spain]] - the [[La Liga|Primera]] and [[Segunda División]]. The organisation was founded in 1984.

==Competition==
The 42 member clubs of the LFP are grouped into two divisions: [[La Liga]] (20 clubs) and [[Segunda División]] (22 clubs). In any given season a club plays each of the others in the same division twice, once at their home stadium and once at that of their opponents. This makes for a total of 38 games played each season in LaLiga and 42 in Segunda División.

Clubs gain three points for a win, one for a draw, and none for a defeat. At the end of each season, the club with the most points in LaLiga Santander is crowned champion. If points are equal, the head-to-head records determine the winner. If still equal, the goal difference and then goals scored become the deciding factors. As for Segunda División, at the top end three clubs win promotion to LaLiga, with the bottom three LaLiga clubs taking their places. At the lower end, four clubs are relegated to [[Segunda División B]], while four teams from Segunda División B join LaLiga SmartBank in their stead.

==Organisation==

===General Assembly===
The General Assembly is the [[deliberative assembly]] of the LFP. It is composed of the 42 football clubs and public limited sports companies ({{lang|es|[[Sociedad Anónima Deportiva]]}}, S.A.D.) that make up the [[La Liga|Primera]] and [[Segunda División]]. Each club/S.A.D. is usually represented by its respective president.

===President===
The president, along with the other members of the Executive Committee, is responsible for the day-to-day running of the organisation. The current president is [[Javier Tebas]], who was elected to the post in April 2013 and re-elected in October 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.laliga.es/en/lfp/presidents|publisher=La Liga|accessdate=25 September 2017|title=Presidents}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!President
!Club
!Term
|-
| [[Manuel Vega-Arango|Manuel Vega-Arango Alvaré]]
| [[Sporting Gijón]]
| 1983 – 1984
|-
| {{ill|Antonio Baró Armengol|es|Antonio Baró Armengol}}
| [[Espanyol]]
| 11 December 1984 – 11 February 2001
|-
| {{ill|Pedro Tomás Marqués|es|Pedro Tomás Marqués}}
| [[Espanyol]]
| 11 February 2001 – 9 June 2004
|-
| [[José Luis Astiazarán]] (interim)
| [[Real Sociedad]]
| 9 June 2004 – 22 June 2005
|-
| Guillermo Cabello Valero (interim)
| [[Terrassa FC|Terrassa]]
| 22 June 2005
|-
| Carlos del Campo Cola (interim)
| N/A
| 2005
|-
| [[José Luis Astiazarán]]
| [[Real Sociedad]]
| 15 July 2005 – 26 April 2013
|-
| [[Javier Tebas Medrano]]
| N/A
| 26 April 2013 – present
|}

==Television rights==
{{update|section|date=December 2012}}
In February 2011 the LFP threatened strike action if the Spanish government did not lift the ruling that one game per week must be shown free. The ruling was introduced in 1997 and the LFP want it lifted for the 2012–13 season. Spain's LFP threatens to halt games over TV row. Recently (2015) RFEF announced that they would stop the games from 16 May onwards, following a row with Spanish Authorities where RFEF is demanding Spanish Authorities to stop interrupting in LFP's financial issues. They said in a statement: "Regarding the decision adopted by the RFEF's General Assembly to indefinitely suspend all football competitions at every level, the LFP states that it has taken the corresponding legal actions in defence of the rights and legitimate interests of the clubs, as well as the rights of the competitions that it organises and that have been grossly affected by the aforementioned decision by the RFEF. The RFEF's decision is null and void by law... given that the sports law and the current co-ordination agreement attributes to the LFP the right to organise professional competitions and approve the sporting calendar of those competitions. The LFP expressly reserves the right to take legal action to claim for the serious damages as well as any financial, sporting, social or any other type of harm that may arise from the RFEF's decision."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espnfc.com/spanish-primera-division/story/2438131/spains-lfp-plans-legal-action-to-block-federations-strike|title=Spain's LFP plans legal action to block federation's proposed La Liga strike|accessdate=9 May 2015|date=8 May 2015|author=PA Sport|agency=ESPN FC}}</ref>

==Sponsorship==

On 22 November 2013, [[Huawei]] became the global partner of Liga de Fútbol Profesional.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gsminsider.com/2013/11/huawei-becomes-global-partner-of-liga-de-futbol-profesional-lfp-in-spain/|title=Huawei Becomes Global Partner of Liga de Fútbol Profesional (LFP) In Spain|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201203123/http://gsminsider.com/2013/11/huawei-becomes-global-partner-of-liga-de-futbol-profesional-lfp-in-spain/|archivedate=2014-02-01}}</ref> The official ball supplier for the Liga de Fútbol Profesional is [[Nike, Inc.|Nike]] who have had the contract since the 1996–97 until 2018–19 season when they took over from [[Adidas]]. Starts from 2019–20, German [[Sportswear (activewear)|sportswear]] company [[Puma SE|Puma]] became the official provider of match balls.<ref>{{cite web|title=PUMA BECOMES OFFICIAL PARTNER OF SPANISH FOOTBALL LEAGUE "LALIGA"|url=https://about.puma.com/en/newsroom/corporate-news/2019/2019-04-15-puma-becomes-official-parnter-of-spanish-laliga|publisher=Puma |accessdate=15 April 2019}}</ref>

==Official match ball ==
* 1996–1998: Nike 850 Geo
* 1998–2000: Nike 800 Geo
* 2000–2002: Nike Geo Merlin
* 2002–2004: Nike Geo Merlin Vapor
* 2004–2006: Nike T90 Aerow I
* 2006–2008: Nike T90 Aerow II
* 2008–2009: Nike T90 Omni
* 2009–2010: Nike T90 Ascente
* 2010–2011: Nike T90 Tracer
* 2011–2012: Nike Seitiro
* 2012–2013: Nike Maxim
* 2013–2014: Nike Incyte
* 2014–2015: Nike Ordem 2
* 2015–2016: Nike Ordem 3
* 2016–2017: Nike Ordem 4
* 2017–2018: Nike Ordem 5
* 2018–2019: Nike Merlin
* 2019-2020: Puma

==See also==
* [[Spanish football league system]]
* [[Royal Spanish Football Federation]]

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{official website|http://www.laliga.es}}

{{Football in Spain}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lfp}}
[[Category:Football governing bodies in Spain]]
[[Category:Football leagues in Spain|*]]
[[Category:La Liga]]

Javier Tebas

2020-04-24T18:24:07Z

Shiclanero: proper name

{{short description|Spanish lawyer}}
{{Use British English|date=May 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2016}}
{{Spanish name|first=Tebas|second=Medrano}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Javier Tebas
| image = 2019 - SportsTrade - Day 1 PM1 2897 Javier Tebas (49019356891) (cropped).jpg
| caption = Tebas in 2019
| order =
| office = President of Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional
| term_start = 26 April 2013
| term_end =
| predecessor = [[José Luis Astiazarán]]
| successor =
| birth_name = Javier Tebas Medrano
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1962|7|31}}
| birth_place = [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]], [[Costa Rica]]
| residence =
| religion = [[Roman Catholic]]
| nationality = Spanish
}}
'''Javier Tebas Medrano''' ({{IPA-es|xaˈβjeɾ ˈteβas}}; San José de Costa Rica, 31 July 1962) is a [[Spaniards|Spanish]] lawyer. One of the most influential leaders in world football, he is the president of [[Liga de Fútbol Profesional|Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional]],{{refn|group=lower-alpha| Some sources refer to him as the president of [[La Liga]].}} also known as La Liga. In December 2019, he was re-elected for a third term until 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rtve.es/deportes/20191223/javier-tebas-reelegido-presidente-laliga-tercera-vez/1994369.shtml|title=Liga {{!}} Javier Tebas, reelegido presidente de LaLiga por tercera vez|last=AGENCIAS|first=RTVE es /|date=2019-12-23|website=RTVE.es|language=es|access-date=2020-03-12}}</ref>

==Biography==

Graduated in Law from the University of Zaragoza, he has been a lawyer since 1987, with expertise in Company Law, Sports Law and Bankruptcy Law.<ref name=":0">IESE Media. [https://media.iese.edu/upload/CurrculumVitaeJavierTebas2.pdf Javier Tebas curriculum vitae]</ref>

Tebas has worked for eleven different [[La Liga]] clubs, with his first one being appointed president of [[SD Huesca]] in 1993.<ref name="LIS">{{cite web|url=http://www.leadersinsport.com/_about.cfm?pid=136 |title=Javier Tebas |publisher=Leaders in Sport |access-date=21 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324030059/http://www.leadersinsport.com/_about.cfm?pid=136 |archivedate=24 March 2015 }}</ref><ref name="Espana" /> He served three terms as the Vice-President of [[Liga de Fútbol Profesional|Liga Nacionoal de Fútbol Profesional]],<ref name="LIS" /> being elected for the first time in 2001, and also worked for the G30 group of clubs, where he helped the clubs negotiate their television deals.<ref name="LIS" /><ref name="Espana" /><ref>{{cite news|url= http://elpais.com/diario/2003/08/22/deportes/1061503202_850215.html| title=El G-30 insiste en su plante| last=Sanz| first=Óscar| work=[[El País]]| date=22 August 2003|access-date=21 May 2016|language=es}}</ref>

In 2013, Tebas was appointed the president of La Liga after an uncontested election in which he was supported by 32 of the 42 La Liga and [[Segunda División]] clubs.<ref name="Espana"/> Prior to the election, Tebas had promised to clean up the Spanish game after [[match-fixing]] allegations, and also to make match tickets affordable.<ref name="LIS"/><ref name="Espana"/><ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.sport.es/es/noticias/liga-bbva/javier-tebas-presentara-presidencia-liga-futbol-profesional-2319343| title= Javier Tebas se presentará a la presidencia de la Liga de Fútbol Profesional| work=[[Sport (Spanish newspaper)|Sport]]| date=15 February 2013| access-date=21 May 2016| language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url= http://www.libertaddigital.com/deportes/futbol/2013-04-26/javier-tebas-proclamado-definitivamente-como-nuevo-presidente-de-la-liga-1276488623/| title= Javier Tebas, proclamado definitivamente como nuevo presidente de la Liga| work=[[Libertad Digital]]| date=26 April 2013| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref>

Tebas studied [[law]] at the [[University of Zaragoza]].<ref name="Espana">{{cite news|url= http://www.football-espana.net/48068/javier-tebas-man-plan| title= Javier Tebas: The man with a plan?| last=Nunn| first=Garreth| work=Football Espana| date=16 January 2015|access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> Tebas is a [[Real Madrid]] fan, although he has said that this does not affect his neutrality as president.<ref name="Telegraph">{{cite news|url= https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/real-madrid/12000271/La-Liga-president-Javier-Tebas-supports-Real-Madrid.html| title= La Liga president Javier Tebas supports Real Madrid| last=Bull| first=JJ| work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]| date=17 November 2015|access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="SB">{{cite news| url= http://www.barcablaugranes.com/2016/3/1/11138978/la-liga-president-javier-tebas-clubs-of-an-independent-catalonia| title= La Liga President Javier Tebas: "Clubs of independent Catalonia cannot play in the league"| last=Mazariegos | first=Luiz| work=[[SB Nation]]| date=1 March 2016| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref>

Among the various positions he holds as president of LaLiga are: Member of the Board of Trustees of the Professional Soccer Foundation since 2013; Vice Chairman of the SEFPSAU Board of Directors since 2009 and President of the same since 2013; he is also member of the Administrative Board of the following subsidiaries since 2016: LaLiga USA Inc.; LaLiga South Africa Proprietary Limited; Beijing Spanish Football League Consulting Co. Ltd. <ref name=":0" />

== Activity and responsibilities in other agencies ==

* UEFA. Member of the Strategic Committee for Professional Soccer (FPSC) since 2014.
* EPFL. Member of the Board of Directors (European Professional Football Leagues)
* since 2014.
* Member of the FIFA TPO Committee in 2015.
* Member of the FIFA Commission to evaluate the calendars of the Qatar World Cup
* WLF. Member of the Steering Committee (World Leagues Forum) since 2016.
* ''Consejo Superior de Deportes'' (Spain). Member of the Board of Directors since January 2015.

==Controversies==
During his tenure, Tebas has said that Spanish league matches could be held outside of Spain, although he has said that [[El Clásico]] will only be held in Spain,<ref name="Telegraph"/><ref>{{cite news| url= https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/la-liga-president-javier-tebas-6855872| title= La Liga president Javier Tebas admits Spanish league games could be played abroad| last=Malyon| first=Ed| work=[[Daily Mirror]]| date=18 November 2015| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> and has also said that if the [[Catalonia]] region became [[Catalan independence|independent]] from Spain, then its football teams, including [[FC Barcelona]] and [[RCD Espanyol]], would not be allowed to compete in the Spanish football leagues.<ref name="SB"/>

In January 2019, Tebas announced his support for the Far right nationalist [[Vox (Spanish political party)|Vox]] party. Saying "They seem good to me", Tebas said on Cadena Cope. "I've been saying it for a while. Spain needed an alternative like Vox. You have to respect the 400,000 people that have voted for them in Andalucia. If they stay on this line then I will vote for Vox.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/european/la-liga-javier-tebas-vox-andalucia-partido-a8732291.html</ref>

Tebas is a critic of former UEFA acting president [[Ángel María Villar]], and is quoted as saying that he hoped Villar became permanent President, so that he would leave his job at the [[Royal Spanish Football Federation]].<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.eurosport.co.uk/football/liga/2015-2016/la-liga-chief-javier-tebas-renews-feud-with-acting-uefa-boss-angel-maria-villar_sto5567541/story.shtml| title= La Liga chief Javier Tebas renews feud with acting UEFA boss Angel Maria Villar| work=[[Reuters]]|via=[[Eurosport]]| date=10 May 2016| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> Tebas has also been critical of [[FIFA]], saying that they need an overhaul of personnel in order to regain the trust of the footballing community.<ref>{{cite news| url= http://www.dailystar.com.lb/Sports/Football/2015/Oct-22/319841-fifa-incapable-of-change-from-within-spanish-league-chief.ashx| title= FIFA incapable of change from within: Spanish league chief| work=[[Agence France-Presse]]|via=''[[The Daily Star (Lebanon)|The Daily Star]]''| date=22 October 2015| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> Tebas blamed FIFA for contract information leaks by the [[Football Leaks]] website about contract details of La Liga players.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.football-espana.net/56692/tebas-fifa-fault-contract-leaks| title= Tebas: FIFA at fault for contract leaks|work=Football Espana| date=10 February 2016| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref>

Tebas has also been a vocal critic of what he deems "financial doping" within football.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2020/jan/20/la-liga-president-javier-tebas-criticises-fifa-richest-clubs-danger|title=La Liga president criticises Fifa and says richest clubs are ‘danger’ to game|last=MacInnes|first=Paul|date=2020-01-20|work=The Guardian|access-date=2020-01-22|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> He has stated that state-run football clubs are a "danger" to the sport.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.as.com/en/2019/08/06/football/1565114936_785696.html|title='State clubs' Man City, PSG are dangers to game - La Liga chief|date=2019-08-06|website=AS.com|language=en|access-date=2020-01-22}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tebas, Javier}}
[[Category:1962 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Spanish business executives]]
[[Category:La Liga]]
[[Category:Spanish lawyers]]

Javier Tebas

2020-04-24T18:23:06Z

Shiclanero: proper name of Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional

{{short description|Spanish lawyer}}
{{Use British English|date=May 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2016}}
{{Spanish name|first=Tebas|second=Medrano}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Javier Tebas
| image = 2019 - SportsTrade - Day 1 PM1 2897 Javier Tebas (49019356891) (cropped).jpg
| caption = Tebas in 2019
| order =
| office = President of Liga de Fútbol Profesional
| term_start = 26 April 2013
| term_end =
| predecessor = [[José Luis Astiazarán]]
| successor =
| birth_name = Javier Tebas Medrano
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1962|7|31}}
| birth_place = [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]], [[Costa Rica]]
| residence =
| religion = [[Roman Catholic]]
| nationality = Spanish
}}
'''Javier Tebas Medrano''' ({{IPA-es|xaˈβjeɾ ˈteβas}}; San José de Costa Rica, 31 July 1962) is a [[Spaniards|Spanish]] lawyer. One of the most influential leaders in world football, he is the president of [[Liga de Fútbol Profesional|Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional]],{{refn|group=lower-alpha| Some sources refer to him as the president of [[La Liga]].}} also known as La Liga. In December 2019, he was re-elected for a third term until 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rtve.es/deportes/20191223/javier-tebas-reelegido-presidente-laliga-tercera-vez/1994369.shtml|title=Liga {{!}} Javier Tebas, reelegido presidente de LaLiga por tercera vez|last=AGENCIAS|first=RTVE es /|date=2019-12-23|website=RTVE.es|language=es|access-date=2020-03-12}}</ref>

==Biography==

Graduated in Law from the University of Zaragoza, he has been a lawyer since 1987, with expertise in Company Law, Sports Law and Bankruptcy Law.<ref name=":0">IESE Media. [https://media.iese.edu/upload/CurrculumVitaeJavierTebas2.pdf Javier Tebas curriculum vitae]</ref>

Tebas has worked for eleven different [[La Liga]] clubs, with his first one being appointed president of [[SD Huesca]] in 1993.<ref name="LIS">{{cite web|url=http://www.leadersinsport.com/_about.cfm?pid=136 |title=Javier Tebas |publisher=Leaders in Sport |access-date=21 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324030059/http://www.leadersinsport.com/_about.cfm?pid=136 |archivedate=24 March 2015 }}</ref><ref name="Espana" /> He served three terms as the Vice-President of [[Liga de Fútbol Profesional|Liga Nacionoal de Fútbol Profesional]],<ref name="LIS" /> being elected for the first time in 2001, and also worked for the G30 group of clubs, where he helped the clubs negotiate their television deals.<ref name="LIS" /><ref name="Espana" /><ref>{{cite news|url= http://elpais.com/diario/2003/08/22/deportes/1061503202_850215.html| title=El G-30 insiste en su plante| last=Sanz| first=Óscar| work=[[El País]]| date=22 August 2003|access-date=21 May 2016|language=es}}</ref>

In 2013, Tebas was appointed the president of La Liga after an uncontested election in which he was supported by 32 of the 42 La Liga and [[Segunda División]] clubs.<ref name="Espana"/> Prior to the election, Tebas had promised to clean up the Spanish game after [[match-fixing]] allegations, and also to make match tickets affordable.<ref name="LIS"/><ref name="Espana"/><ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.sport.es/es/noticias/liga-bbva/javier-tebas-presentara-presidencia-liga-futbol-profesional-2319343| title= Javier Tebas se presentará a la presidencia de la Liga de Fútbol Profesional| work=[[Sport (Spanish newspaper)|Sport]]| date=15 February 2013| access-date=21 May 2016| language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url= http://www.libertaddigital.com/deportes/futbol/2013-04-26/javier-tebas-proclamado-definitivamente-como-nuevo-presidente-de-la-liga-1276488623/| title= Javier Tebas, proclamado definitivamente como nuevo presidente de la Liga| work=[[Libertad Digital]]| date=26 April 2013| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref>

Tebas studied [[law]] at the [[University of Zaragoza]].<ref name="Espana">{{cite news|url= http://www.football-espana.net/48068/javier-tebas-man-plan| title= Javier Tebas: The man with a plan?| last=Nunn| first=Garreth| work=Football Espana| date=16 January 2015|access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> Tebas is a [[Real Madrid]] fan, although he has said that this does not affect his neutrality as president.<ref name="Telegraph">{{cite news|url= https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/real-madrid/12000271/La-Liga-president-Javier-Tebas-supports-Real-Madrid.html| title= La Liga president Javier Tebas supports Real Madrid| last=Bull| first=JJ| work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]| date=17 November 2015|access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="SB">{{cite news| url= http://www.barcablaugranes.com/2016/3/1/11138978/la-liga-president-javier-tebas-clubs-of-an-independent-catalonia| title= La Liga President Javier Tebas: "Clubs of independent Catalonia cannot play in the league"| last=Mazariegos | first=Luiz| work=[[SB Nation]]| date=1 March 2016| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref>

Among the various positions he holds as president of LaLiga are: Member of the Board of Trustees of the Professional Soccer Foundation since 2013; Vice Chairman of the SEFPSAU Board of Directors since 2009 and President of the same since 2013; he is also member of the Administrative Board of the following subsidiaries since 2016: LaLiga USA Inc.; LaLiga South Africa Proprietary Limited; Beijing Spanish Football League Consulting Co. Ltd. <ref name=":0" />

== Activity and responsibilities in other agencies ==

* UEFA. Member of the Strategic Committee for Professional Soccer (FPSC) since 2014.
* EPFL. Member of the Board of Directors (European Professional Football Leagues)
* since 2014.
* Member of the FIFA TPO Committee in 2015.
* Member of the FIFA Commission to evaluate the calendars of the Qatar World Cup
* WLF. Member of the Steering Committee (World Leagues Forum) since 2016.
* ''Consejo Superior de Deportes'' (Spain). Member of the Board of Directors since January 2015.

==Controversies==
During his tenure, Tebas has said that Spanish league matches could be held outside of Spain, although he has said that [[El Clásico]] will only be held in Spain,<ref name="Telegraph"/><ref>{{cite news| url= https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/la-liga-president-javier-tebas-6855872| title= La Liga president Javier Tebas admits Spanish league games could be played abroad| last=Malyon| first=Ed| work=[[Daily Mirror]]| date=18 November 2015| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> and has also said that if the [[Catalonia]] region became [[Catalan independence|independent]] from Spain, then its football teams, including [[FC Barcelona]] and [[RCD Espanyol]], would not be allowed to compete in the Spanish football leagues.<ref name="SB"/>

In January 2019, Tebas announced his support for the Far right nationalist [[Vox (Spanish political party)|Vox]] party. Saying "They seem good to me", Tebas said on Cadena Cope. "I've been saying it for a while. Spain needed an alternative like Vox. You have to respect the 400,000 people that have voted for them in Andalucia. If they stay on this line then I will vote for Vox.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/european/la-liga-javier-tebas-vox-andalucia-partido-a8732291.html</ref>

Tebas is a critic of former UEFA acting president [[Ángel María Villar]], and is quoted as saying that he hoped Villar became permanent President, so that he would leave his job at the [[Royal Spanish Football Federation]].<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.eurosport.co.uk/football/liga/2015-2016/la-liga-chief-javier-tebas-renews-feud-with-acting-uefa-boss-angel-maria-villar_sto5567541/story.shtml| title= La Liga chief Javier Tebas renews feud with acting UEFA boss Angel Maria Villar| work=[[Reuters]]|via=[[Eurosport]]| date=10 May 2016| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> Tebas has also been critical of [[FIFA]], saying that they need an overhaul of personnel in order to regain the trust of the footballing community.<ref>{{cite news| url= http://www.dailystar.com.lb/Sports/Football/2015/Oct-22/319841-fifa-incapable-of-change-from-within-spanish-league-chief.ashx| title= FIFA incapable of change from within: Spanish league chief| work=[[Agence France-Presse]]|via=''[[The Daily Star (Lebanon)|The Daily Star]]''| date=22 October 2015| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> Tebas blamed FIFA for contract information leaks by the [[Football Leaks]] website about contract details of La Liga players.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.football-espana.net/56692/tebas-fifa-fault-contract-leaks| title= Tebas: FIFA at fault for contract leaks|work=Football Espana| date=10 February 2016| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref>

Tebas has also been a vocal critic of what he deems "financial doping" within football.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2020/jan/20/la-liga-president-javier-tebas-criticises-fifa-richest-clubs-danger|title=La Liga president criticises Fifa and says richest clubs are ‘danger’ to game|last=MacInnes|first=Paul|date=2020-01-20|work=The Guardian|access-date=2020-01-22|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> He has stated that state-run football clubs are a "danger" to the sport.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.as.com/en/2019/08/06/football/1565114936_785696.html|title='State clubs' Man City, PSG are dangers to game - La Liga chief|date=2019-08-06|website=AS.com|language=en|access-date=2020-01-22}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tebas, Javier}}
[[Category:1962 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Spanish business executives]]
[[Category:La Liga]]
[[Category:Spanish lawyers]]

User:Shiclanero

2020-03-12T14:55:25Z

Shiclanero:

[[File:Sancti_Petri_1912.jpg|Sancti Petri 1912]]

{{Template:User proud|Spain}}

User:Shiclanero

2020-03-12T14:52:41Z

Shiclanero: ←Created page with 'Sancti Petri 1912'

[[File:Sancti_Petri_1912.jpg|Sancti Petri 1912]]

Javier Tebas

2020-03-12T12:23:51Z

Shiclanero: /* Biography */ Reelection

{{Use British English|date=May 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2016}}
{{Spanish name|first=Tebas|second=Medrano}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Javier Tebas
| image = File:Tebas-16-08-13.JPG
| caption = Javier Tebas
| order =
| office = President of Liga de Fútbol Profesional
| term_start = 26 April 2013
| term_end =
| predecessor = [[José Luis Astiazarán]]
| successor =
| birth_name = Javier Tebas Medrano
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1962|7|31}}
| birth_place = [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]], [[Costa Rica]]
| residence =
| religion = [[Roman Catholic]]
}}
'''Javier Tebas Medrano''' ({{IPA-es|xaˈβjeɾ ˈteβas}}; San José de Costa Rica, 31 July 1962) is a [[Spaniards|Spanish]] lawyer. One of the most influential leaders in world football, he is the president of [[Liga de Fútbol Profesional]]{{refn|group=lower-alpha| Some sources refer to him as the president of [[La Liga]].}}, also known as La Liga. In December 2019, he was re-elected for a third term until 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rtve.es/deportes/20191223/javier-tebas-reelegido-presidente-laliga-tercera-vez/1994369.shtml|title=Liga {{!}} Javier Tebas, reelegido presidente de LaLiga por tercera vez|last=AGENCIAS|first=RTVE es /|date=2019-12-23|website=RTVE.es|language=es|access-date=2020-03-12}}</ref>

==Biography==

Tebas has worked for eleven different [[La Liga]] clubs, with his first one being appointed president of [[SD Huesca]] in 1993.<ref name="LIS">{{cite web|url=http://www.leadersinsport.com/_about.cfm?pid=136 |title=Javier Tebas |publisher=Leaders in Sport |access-date=21 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324030059/http://www.leadersinsport.com/_about.cfm?pid=136 |archivedate=24 March 2015 }}</ref><ref name="Espana"/> He served three terms as the Vice-President of [[Liga de Fútbol Profesional]] (LFP),<ref name="LIS"/> being elected for the first time in 2001, and also worked for the G30 group of clubs, where he helped the clubs negotiate their television deals.<ref name="LIS"/><ref name="Espana"/><ref>{{cite news|url= http://elpais.com/diario/2003/08/22/deportes/1061503202_850215.html| title=El G-30 insiste en su plante| last=Sanz| first=Óscar| work=[[El País]]| date=22 August 2003|access-date=21 May 2016|language=es}}</ref>

In 2013, Tebas was appointed the president of LFP after an uncontested election in which he was supported by 32 of the 42 La Liga and [[Segunda División]] clubs.<ref name="Espana"/> Prior to the election, Tebas had promised to clean up the Spanish game after [[match-fixing]] allegations, and also to make match tickets affordable.<ref name="LIS"/><ref name="Espana"/><ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.sport.es/es/noticias/liga-bbva/javier-tebas-presentara-presidencia-liga-futbol-profesional-2319343| title= Javier Tebas se presentará a la presidencia de la Liga de Fútbol Profesional| work=[[Sport (Spanish newspaper)|Sport]]| date=15 February 2013| access-date=21 May 2016| language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url= http://www.libertaddigital.com/deportes/futbol/2013-04-26/javier-tebas-proclamado-definitivamente-como-nuevo-presidente-de-la-liga-1276488623/| title= Javier Tebas, proclamado definitivamente como nuevo presidente de la Liga| work=[[Libertad Digital]]| date=26 April 2013| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref>

Tebas studied [[law]] at the [[University of Zaragoza]].<ref name="Espana">{{cite news|url= http://www.football-espana.net/48068/javier-tebas-man-plan| title= Javier Tebas: The man with a plan?| last=Nunn| first=Garreth| work=Football Espana| date=16 January 2015|access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> Tebas is a [[Real Madrid]] fan, although he has said that this does not affect his neutrality as president.<ref name="Telegraph">{{cite news|url= https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/real-madrid/12000271/La-Liga-president-Javier-Tebas-supports-Real-Madrid.html| title= La Liga president Javier Tebas supports Real Madrid| last=Bull| first=JJ| work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]| date=17 November 2015|access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="SB">{{cite news| url= http://www.barcablaugranes.com/2016/3/1/11138978/la-liga-president-javier-tebas-clubs-of-an-independent-catalonia| title= La Liga President Javier Tebas: "Clubs of independent Catalonia cannot play in the league"| last=Mazariegos | first=Luiz| work=[[SB Nation]]| date=1 March 2016| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref>

==Controversies==
Shortly after Tebas' appointment as La Liga president, former [[Spain national football team|Spanish]] coach [[Javier Clemente]] compared Tebas to a [[Nazi concentration camp]] boss, due to his affiliation with the [[right-wing]] [[New Force (Spain)|Youth New Force]] in the 1980s.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.lamarea.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2014-01-28-a-las-17.24.46.png| type=png| title= Presentación de candidatos y programa electoral de Fuerza Nueva| work=La Marea| page=4| date=10 October 1982| access-date=21 May 2016|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url= http://www.sport-english.com/en/news/liga-bbva/javier-tebas-compared-nazi-boss-former-spain-coach-javier-clemente-4183405| title= Javier Tebas compared to a Nazi boss by former Spain coach Javier Clemente| work=Sport| date=13 May 2015|access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> During his tenure, Tebas has said that Spanish league matches could be held outside of Spain, although he has said that [[El Clásico]] will only be held in Spain,<ref name="Telegraph"/><ref>{{cite news| url= https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/la-liga-president-javier-tebas-6855872| title= La Liga president Javier Tebas admits Spanish league games could be played abroad| last=Malyon| first=Ed| work=[[Daily Mirror]]| date=18 November 2015| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> and has also said that if the [[Catalonia]] region became [[Catalan independence|independent]] from Spain, then its football teams, including [[FC Barcelona]] and [[RCD Espanyol]], would not be allowed to compete in the Spanish football leagues.<ref name="SB"/>

In January 2019, Tebas announced his support for the Far right nationalist [[Vox (Spanish political party)|Vox]] party. Saying "They seem good to me", Tebas said on Cadena Cope. "I've been saying it for a while. Spain needed an alternative like Vox. You have to respect the 400,000 people that have voted for them in Andalucia. If they stay on this line then I will vote for Vox.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/european/la-liga-javier-tebas-vox-andalucia-partido-a8732291.html</ref>

Tebas is a critic of former UEFA acting president [[Ángel María Villar]], and is quoted as saying that he hoped Villar became permanent President, so that he would leave his job at the [[Royal Spanish Football Federation]].<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.eurosport.co.uk/football/liga/2015-2016/la-liga-chief-javier-tebas-renews-feud-with-acting-uefa-boss-angel-maria-villar_sto5567541/story.shtml| title= La Liga chief Javier Tebas renews feud with acting UEFA boss Angel Maria Villar| work=[[Reuters]]|via=[[Eurosport]]| date=10 May 2016| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> Tebas has also been critical of [[FIFA]], saying that they need an overhaul of personnel in order to regain the trust of the footballing community.<ref>{{cite news| url= http://www.dailystar.com.lb/Sports/Football/2015/Oct-22/319841-fifa-incapable-of-change-from-within-spanish-league-chief.ashx| title= FIFA incapable of change from within: Spanish league chief| work=[[Agence France-Presse]]|via=''[[The Daily Star (Lebanon)|The Daily Star]]''| date=22 October 2015| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> Tebas blamed FIFA for contract information leaks by the [[Football Leaks]] website about contract details of La Liga players.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.football-espana.net/56692/tebas-fifa-fault-contract-leaks| title= Tebas: FIFA at fault for contract leaks|work=Football Espana| date=10 February 2016| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref>

Tebas has also been a vocal critic of what he deems "financial doping" within football.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2020/jan/20/la-liga-president-javier-tebas-criticises-fifa-richest-clubs-danger|title=La Liga president criticises Fifa and says richest clubs are ‘danger’ to game|last=MacInnes|first=Paul|date=2020-01-20|work=The Guardian|access-date=2020-01-22|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> He has stated that state-run football clubs are a "danger" to the sport.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.as.com/en/2019/08/06/football/1565114936_785696.html|title='State clubs' Man City, PSG are dangers to game - La Liga chief|date=2019-08-06|website=AS.com|language=en|access-date=2020-01-22}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tebas, Javier}}
[[Category:1962 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Spanish business executives]]
[[Category:La Liga]]
[[Category:Spanish lawyers]]

Javier Tebas

2020-03-12T12:17:38Z

Shiclanero: Spanish lawyer and top leader in world football game

{{Use British English|date=May 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2016}}
{{Spanish name|first=Tebas|second=Medrano}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Javier Tebas
| image = File:Tebas-16-08-13.JPG
| caption = Javier Tebas
| order =
| office = President of Liga de Fútbol Profesional
| term_start = 26 April 2013
| term_end =
| predecessor = [[José Luis Astiazarán]]
| successor =
| birth_name = Javier Tebas Medrano
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1962|7|31}}
| birth_place = [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]], [[Costa Rica]]
| residence =
| religion = [[Roman Catholic]]
}}
'''Javier Tebas Medrano''' ({{IPA-es|xaˈβjeɾ ˈteβas}}; San José de Costa Rica, 31 July 1962) is a [[Spaniards|Spanish]] lawyer. One of the most influential leaders in world football, he is the president of [[Liga de Fútbol Profesional]].{{refn|group=lower-alpha| Some sources refer to him as the president of [[La Liga]].}}

==Biography==

Tebas has worked for eleven different [[La Liga]] clubs, with his first one being appointed president of [[SD Huesca]] in 1993.<ref name="LIS">{{cite web|url=http://www.leadersinsport.com/_about.cfm?pid=136 |title=Javier Tebas |publisher=Leaders in Sport |access-date=21 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324030059/http://www.leadersinsport.com/_about.cfm?pid=136 |archivedate=24 March 2015 }}</ref><ref name="Espana"/> He served three terms as the Vice-President of [[Liga de Fútbol Profesional]] (LFP),<ref name="LIS"/> being elected for the first time in 2001, and also worked for the G30 group of clubs, where he helped the clubs negotiate their television deals.<ref name="LIS"/><ref name="Espana"/><ref>{{cite news|url= http://elpais.com/diario/2003/08/22/deportes/1061503202_850215.html| title=El G-30 insiste en su plante| last=Sanz| first=Óscar| work=[[El País]]| date=22 August 2003|access-date=21 May 2016|language=es}}</ref>

In 2013, Tebas was appointed the president of LFP after an uncontested election in which he was supported by 32 of the 42 La Liga and [[Segunda División]] clubs.<ref name="Espana"/> Prior to the election, Tebas had promised to clean up the Spanish game after [[match-fixing]] allegations, and also to make match tickets affordable.<ref name="LIS"/><ref name="Espana"/><ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.sport.es/es/noticias/liga-bbva/javier-tebas-presentara-presidencia-liga-futbol-profesional-2319343| title= Javier Tebas se presentará a la presidencia de la Liga de Fútbol Profesional| work=[[Sport (Spanish newspaper)|Sport]]| date=15 February 2013| access-date=21 May 2016| language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url= http://www.libertaddigital.com/deportes/futbol/2013-04-26/javier-tebas-proclamado-definitivamente-como-nuevo-presidente-de-la-liga-1276488623/| title= Javier Tebas, proclamado definitivamente como nuevo presidente de la Liga| work=[[Libertad Digital]]| date=26 April 2013| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref>

Tebas studied [[law]] at the [[University of Zaragoza]].<ref name="Espana">{{cite news|url= http://www.football-espana.net/48068/javier-tebas-man-plan| title= Javier Tebas: The man with a plan?| last=Nunn| first=Garreth| work=Football Espana| date=16 January 2015|access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> Tebas is a [[Real Madrid]] fan, although he has said that this does not affect his neutrality as president.<ref name="Telegraph">{{cite news|url= https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/real-madrid/12000271/La-Liga-president-Javier-Tebas-supports-Real-Madrid.html| title= La Liga president Javier Tebas supports Real Madrid| last=Bull| first=JJ| work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]| date=17 November 2015|access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="SB">{{cite news| url= http://www.barcablaugranes.com/2016/3/1/11138978/la-liga-president-javier-tebas-clubs-of-an-independent-catalonia| title= La Liga President Javier Tebas: "Clubs of independent Catalonia cannot play in the league"| last=Mazariegos | first=Luiz| work=[[SB Nation]]| date=1 March 2016| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref>

==Controversies==
Shortly after Tebas' appointment as La Liga president, former [[Spain national football team|Spanish]] coach [[Javier Clemente]] compared Tebas to a [[Nazi concentration camp]] boss, due to his affiliation with the [[right-wing]] [[New Force (Spain)|Youth New Force]] in the 1980s.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.lamarea.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2014-01-28-a-las-17.24.46.png| type=png| title= Presentación de candidatos y programa electoral de Fuerza Nueva| work=La Marea| page=4| date=10 October 1982| access-date=21 May 2016|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url= http://www.sport-english.com/en/news/liga-bbva/javier-tebas-compared-nazi-boss-former-spain-coach-javier-clemente-4183405| title= Javier Tebas compared to a Nazi boss by former Spain coach Javier Clemente| work=Sport| date=13 May 2015|access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> During his tenure, Tebas has said that Spanish league matches could be held outside of Spain, although he has said that [[El Clásico]] will only be held in Spain,<ref name="Telegraph"/><ref>{{cite news| url= https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/la-liga-president-javier-tebas-6855872| title= La Liga president Javier Tebas admits Spanish league games could be played abroad| last=Malyon| first=Ed| work=[[Daily Mirror]]| date=18 November 2015| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> and has also said that if the [[Catalonia]] region became [[Catalan independence|independent]] from Spain, then its football teams, including [[FC Barcelona]] and [[RCD Espanyol]], would not be allowed to compete in the Spanish football leagues.<ref name="SB"/>

In January 2019, Tebas announced his support for the Far right nationalist [[Vox (Spanish political party)|Vox]] party. Saying "They seem good to me", Tebas said on Cadena Cope. "I've been saying it for a while. Spain needed an alternative like Vox. You have to respect the 400,000 people that have voted for them in Andalucia. If they stay on this line then I will vote for Vox.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/european/la-liga-javier-tebas-vox-andalucia-partido-a8732291.html</ref>

Tebas is a critic of former UEFA acting president [[Ángel María Villar]], and is quoted as saying that he hoped Villar became permanent President, so that he would leave his job at the [[Royal Spanish Football Federation]].<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.eurosport.co.uk/football/liga/2015-2016/la-liga-chief-javier-tebas-renews-feud-with-acting-uefa-boss-angel-maria-villar_sto5567541/story.shtml| title= La Liga chief Javier Tebas renews feud with acting UEFA boss Angel Maria Villar| work=[[Reuters]]|via=[[Eurosport]]| date=10 May 2016| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> Tebas has also been critical of [[FIFA]], saying that they need an overhaul of personnel in order to regain the trust of the footballing community.<ref>{{cite news| url= http://www.dailystar.com.lb/Sports/Football/2015/Oct-22/319841-fifa-incapable-of-change-from-within-spanish-league-chief.ashx| title= FIFA incapable of change from within: Spanish league chief| work=[[Agence France-Presse]]|via=''[[The Daily Star (Lebanon)|The Daily Star]]''| date=22 October 2015| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> Tebas blamed FIFA for contract information leaks by the [[Football Leaks]] website about contract details of La Liga players.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.football-espana.net/56692/tebas-fifa-fault-contract-leaks| title= Tebas: FIFA at fault for contract leaks|work=Football Espana| date=10 February 2016| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref>

Tebas has also been a vocal critic of what he deems "financial doping" within football.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2020/jan/20/la-liga-president-javier-tebas-criticises-fifa-richest-clubs-danger|title=La Liga president criticises Fifa and says richest clubs are ‘danger’ to game|last=MacInnes|first=Paul|date=2020-01-20|work=The Guardian|access-date=2020-01-22|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> He has stated that state-run football clubs are a "danger" to the sport.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.as.com/en/2019/08/06/football/1565114936_785696.html|title='State clubs' Man City, PSG are dangers to game - La Liga chief|date=2019-08-06|website=AS.com|language=en|access-date=2020-01-22}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tebas, Javier}}
[[Category:1962 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Spanish business executives]]
[[Category:La Liga]]
[[Category:Spanish lawyers]]

Javier Tebas

2020-03-12T12:12:00Z

Shiclanero: cat

{{Use British English|date=May 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2016}}
{{Spanish name|first=Tebas|second=Medrano}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Javier Tebas
| image = File:Tebas-16-08-13.JPG
| caption = Javier Tebas
| order =
| office = President of Liga de Fútbol Profesional
| term_start = 26 April 2013
| term_end =
| predecessor = [[José Luis Astiazarán]]
| successor =
| birth_name = Javier Tebas Medrano
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1962|7|31}}
| birth_place = [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]], [[Costa Rica]]
| residence =
| religion = [[Roman Catholic]]
}}
'''Javier Tebas Medrano''' ({{IPA-es|xaˈβjeɾ ˈteβas}}; born 31 July 1962) is a [[Spaniards|Spanish]]-Costa Rican born [[association football|football]] president, who is the president of [[Liga de Fútbol Profesional]].{{refn|group=lower-alpha| Some sources refer to him as the president of [[La Liga]].}}

==Biography==

Tebas has worked for eleven different [[La Liga]] clubs, with his first one being appointed president of [[SD Huesca]] in 1993.<ref name="LIS">{{cite web|url=http://www.leadersinsport.com/_about.cfm?pid=136 |title=Javier Tebas |publisher=Leaders in Sport |access-date=21 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324030059/http://www.leadersinsport.com/_about.cfm?pid=136 |archivedate=24 March 2015 }}</ref><ref name="Espana"/> He served three terms as the Vice-President of [[Liga de Fútbol Profesional]] (LFP),<ref name="LIS"/> being elected for the first time in 2001, and also worked for the G30 group of clubs, where he helped the clubs negotiate their television deals.<ref name="LIS"/><ref name="Espana"/><ref>{{cite news|url= http://elpais.com/diario/2003/08/22/deportes/1061503202_850215.html| title=El G-30 insiste en su plante| last=Sanz| first=Óscar| work=[[El País]]| date=22 August 2003|access-date=21 May 2016|language=es}}</ref>

In 2013, Tebas was appointed the president of LFP after an uncontested election in which he was supported by 32 of the 42 La Liga and [[Segunda División]] clubs.<ref name="Espana"/> Prior to the election, Tebas had promised to clean up the Spanish game after [[match-fixing]] allegations, and also to make match tickets affordable.<ref name="LIS"/><ref name="Espana"/><ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.sport.es/es/noticias/liga-bbva/javier-tebas-presentara-presidencia-liga-futbol-profesional-2319343| title= Javier Tebas se presentará a la presidencia de la Liga de Fútbol Profesional| work=[[Sport (Spanish newspaper)|Sport]]| date=15 February 2013| access-date=21 May 2016| language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url= http://www.libertaddigital.com/deportes/futbol/2013-04-26/javier-tebas-proclamado-definitivamente-como-nuevo-presidente-de-la-liga-1276488623/| title= Javier Tebas, proclamado definitivamente como nuevo presidente de la Liga| work=[[Libertad Digital]]| date=26 April 2013| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref>

Tebas studied [[law]] at the [[University of Zaragoza]].<ref name="Espana">{{cite news|url= http://www.football-espana.net/48068/javier-tebas-man-plan| title= Javier Tebas: The man with a plan?| last=Nunn| first=Garreth| work=Football Espana| date=16 January 2015|access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> Tebas is a [[Real Madrid]] fan, although he has said that this does not affect his neutrality as president.<ref name="Telegraph">{{cite news|url= https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/real-madrid/12000271/La-Liga-president-Javier-Tebas-supports-Real-Madrid.html| title= La Liga president Javier Tebas supports Real Madrid| last=Bull| first=JJ| work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]| date=17 November 2015|access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="SB">{{cite news| url= http://www.barcablaugranes.com/2016/3/1/11138978/la-liga-president-javier-tebas-clubs-of-an-independent-catalonia| title= La Liga President Javier Tebas: "Clubs of independent Catalonia cannot play in the league"| last=Mazariegos | first=Luiz| work=[[SB Nation]]| date=1 March 2016| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref>

==Controversies==
Shortly after Tebas' appointment as La Liga president, former [[Spain national football team|Spanish]] coach [[Javier Clemente]] compared Tebas to a [[Nazi concentration camp]] boss, due to his affiliation with the [[right-wing]] [[New Force (Spain)|Youth New Force]] in the 1980s.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.lamarea.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2014-01-28-a-las-17.24.46.png| type=png| title= Presentación de candidatos y programa electoral de Fuerza Nueva| work=La Marea| page=4| date=10 October 1982| access-date=21 May 2016|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url= http://www.sport-english.com/en/news/liga-bbva/javier-tebas-compared-nazi-boss-former-spain-coach-javier-clemente-4183405| title= Javier Tebas compared to a Nazi boss by former Spain coach Javier Clemente| work=Sport| date=13 May 2015|access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> During his tenure, Tebas has said that Spanish league matches could be held outside of Spain, although he has said that [[El Clásico]] will only be held in Spain,<ref name="Telegraph"/><ref>{{cite news| url= https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/la-liga-president-javier-tebas-6855872| title= La Liga president Javier Tebas admits Spanish league games could be played abroad| last=Malyon| first=Ed| work=[[Daily Mirror]]| date=18 November 2015| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> and has also said that if the [[Catalonia]] region became [[Catalan independence|independent]] from Spain, then its football teams, including [[FC Barcelona]] and [[RCD Espanyol]], would not be allowed to compete in the Spanish football leagues.<ref name="SB"/>

In January 2019, Tebas announced his support for the Far right nationalist [[Vox (Spanish political party)|Vox]] party. Saying "They seem good to me", Tebas said on Cadena Cope. "I've been saying it for a while. Spain needed an alternative like Vox. You have to respect the 400,000 people that have voted for them in Andalucia. If they stay on this line then I will vote for Vox.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/european/la-liga-javier-tebas-vox-andalucia-partido-a8732291.html</ref>

Tebas is a critic of former UEFA acting president [[Ángel María Villar]], and is quoted as saying that he hoped Villar became permanent President, so that he would leave his job at the [[Royal Spanish Football Federation]].<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.eurosport.co.uk/football/liga/2015-2016/la-liga-chief-javier-tebas-renews-feud-with-acting-uefa-boss-angel-maria-villar_sto5567541/story.shtml| title= La Liga chief Javier Tebas renews feud with acting UEFA boss Angel Maria Villar| work=[[Reuters]]|via=[[Eurosport]]| date=10 May 2016| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> Tebas has also been critical of [[FIFA]], saying that they need an overhaul of personnel in order to regain the trust of the footballing community.<ref>{{cite news| url= http://www.dailystar.com.lb/Sports/Football/2015/Oct-22/319841-fifa-incapable-of-change-from-within-spanish-league-chief.ashx| title= FIFA incapable of change from within: Spanish league chief| work=[[Agence France-Presse]]|via=''[[The Daily Star (Lebanon)|The Daily Star]]''| date=22 October 2015| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref> Tebas blamed FIFA for contract information leaks by the [[Football Leaks]] website about contract details of La Liga players.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.football-espana.net/56692/tebas-fifa-fault-contract-leaks| title= Tebas: FIFA at fault for contract leaks|work=Football Espana| date=10 February 2016| access-date=21 May 2016}}</ref>

Tebas has also been a vocal critic of what he deems "financial doping" within football.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2020/jan/20/la-liga-president-javier-tebas-criticises-fifa-richest-clubs-danger|title=La Liga president criticises Fifa and says richest clubs are ‘danger’ to game|last=MacInnes|first=Paul|date=2020-01-20|work=The Guardian|access-date=2020-01-22|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> He has stated that state-run football clubs are a "danger" to the sport.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.as.com/en/2019/08/06/football/1565114936_785696.html|title='State clubs' Man City, PSG are dangers to game - La Liga chief|date=2019-08-06|website=AS.com|language=en|access-date=2020-01-22}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tebas, Javier}}
[[Category:1962 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Spanish business executives]]
[[Category:La Liga]]
[[Category:Spanish lawyers]]

Manuel Olivencia

2020-03-12T12:11:05Z

Shiclanero: cat

{{Infobox person
| name = Manuel Olivencia
| image = Manuel Olivencia.jpg
| caption = Olivencia in 2006
| birth_name = Manuel Olivencia Ruiz
| birth_date = {{birth date|1929|07|25|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Ronda]], Spain
| death_date = {{death date and given age|2018|01|01|88|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Seville]], Spain
| occupation = Lawyer, professor
| alma_mater = [[University of Bologna]]
| awards = [[Creu de Sant Jordi Award]] (1990)
}}
'''Manuel Olivencia Ruiz''' (25 July 1929 – 1 January 2018) was a Spanish lawyer with a career as a professor, economist, and diplomat. He worked at the [[University of Seville]] and organized [[Seville Expo '92]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cadenaser.com/emisora/2018/01/01/radio_sevilla/1514803775_889516.html|title=Fallece Manuel Olivencia a los 88 años|last=Carazo|first=Elena|date=1 January 2018|accessdate=1 January 2018|work=[[Cadena SER]]|language=es}}</ref>

==Early life==
Olivencia was born in [[Ronda]], [[Province of Málaga]], on 25 July 1929<ref name="Mundo">{{cite web|url=http://www.elmundo.es/andalucia/sevilla/2018/01/01/5a4a2cbe468aeb29298b45ab.html|title=Olivencia, el liberalismo según Sevilla|last=Mármol|first=Carlos|date=1 January 2018|accessdate=1 January 2018|work=[[El Mundo (Spain)|El Mundo]]|language=es}}</ref> and grew up in [[Ceuta]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://elpueblodeceuta.es/not/24834/el-gobierno-otorga-a-manuel-olivencia-el-premio-plaza-de-espana-a-los-valores-constitucionales/|title=El Gobierno otorga a Manuel Olivencia el Premio Plaza de España a los valores constitucionales|date=3 December 2017|accessdate=1 January 2018|work=El Pueblo de Ceuta|language=es}}</ref> Olivencia's father was also a lawyer.<ref name="Bio">{{cite web|url=https://sevillanosilustres.wikispaces.com/Manuel+Olivencia+Ruiz|title=Manuel Olivencia Ruiz|publisher=Sevillanosilustres|accessdate=2 January 2018}}</ref> His brother was [[Francisco Olivencia]]. Olivencia graduated ''cum laude'' from the [[University of Bologna]] in 1953.<ref name="Mundo"/>

==Career==
Olivencia decided from a young age to practice law, though he prioritized teaching.<ref name="Gon"/> He became an associate professor of commercial law at the [[Complutense University of Madrid]].<ref name="ABC"/> In 1960 he became a professor of commercial law at the [[University of Seville]]; one of his students was [[Felipe González]].<ref name="Gon">{{cite web|url=http://www.eldiario.es/andalucia/sevilla/Manuel-Olivencia-comisario-Expo-Sevilla_0_724777639.html|title=Manuel Olivencia, quien fuera primer comisario general de la Expo 92, fallece en Sevilla|date=1 January 2018|accessdate=1 January 2018|work=[[eldiario.es]]|language=es}}</ref> There, he was [[dean (education)|dean]] of the school of law from 1968 to 1971 and dean of the school of economics from 1971 to 1975.<ref name="ABC">{{cite web|url=http://sevilla.abc.es/sevilla/sevi-muere-manuel-olivencia-eminencia-derecho-mercantil-internacional-201801011106_noticia.html|title=Muere Manuel Olivencia, eminencia del Derecho Mercantil internacional|last=García Reyes|first=Alberto|date=1 January 2018|accessdate=1 January 2018|work=[[ABC (newspaper)|ABCdesevilla]]|language=es}}</ref>

He was Undersecretary of Education and Science during the first [[Spanish transition to democracy|Transition]] government, advisor to the [[Bank of Spain]], and a member of the board of [[RTVE]].<ref name="ABC"/> He was Commissioner General of the [[Seville Expo '92|1992 Universal Exposition of Seville]] (Expo '92) from 1984 to 1991.<ref name="Diario"/> Olivencia said that a major problem in putting on the event was the amount of time to prepare.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/02/01/world/seville-journal-expo-92-s-promise-new-life-or-stale-gazpacho.html|title=Seville Journal; Expo 92's Promise: New Life or Stale Gazpacho?|last=Delaney|first=Paul|date=1 February 1989|accessdate=1 January 2017|work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> On 19 April 1990 terrorist group [[Euskadi Ta Askatasuna|ETA]] sent him a letter bomb, but exploded before in the hands of an Expo's civil servant.<ref>[https://elpais.com/diario/1990/04/20/espana/640562404_850215.html Una carta bomba amputa la mano a una funcionaria de la Comisaría de la Expo 92] {{in lang|es}}</ref>

He received the [[Creu de Sant Jordi Award]] for his work on Expo '92 and joined the [[Royal Academy of Jurisprudence and Legislation]] in 2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lawyerpress.com/news/2014_06/2306_14_006.html|title=Manuel Olivencia, galardonado con la XX Edición del Premio Pelayo para Juristas de reconocido prestigio|date=23 June 2014|work=Lawyer Press|accessdate=1 January 2018|language=es}}</ref> [[Juan Ignacio Zoido]] awarded Olivencia with a Plaza de España "for a life dedicated to public service" in December 2017.<ref name="Faro">{{cite web|url=https://elfarodeceuta.es/manuel-olivencia-recibe-premio-plaza-espana/|title=Manuel Olivencia recibe el Premio Plaza de España|date=6 December 2017|work=El Faro|accessdate=1 January 2018|language=es}}</ref>

In 1998, he chaired the commission that drafted the corporate governance code for voluntary adaptation by listed companies, known as Olivencia Code, being the first of these characteristics in Spain.<ref>{{cite news|last1=González Corona|first1=Matías|title='Código Olivencia': éxitos y objetivos pendientes 20 años después|url=https://blogs.elconfidencial.com/economia/tribuna/2018-01-04/informe-olivencia-codigo-buen-gobierno_1500911/|accessdate=4 January 2018|work=El Confidencial|date=4 January 2018}}</ref> Olivencia served as a director of Bolsas and Mercados Españoles from June 5, 2006 until his death and also served as its lead independent director.<ref name="Faro"/>

Olivencia was honored in 2012 with the title as the "Adoptive Son" of Seville for his contributions to Expo '92, alongside Emilio Cassinello, as they served as major contributors to Seville's cultural regions.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.legadoexposevilla.org/manuel-olivencia-es-destituido-como-comisario-general-de-la-expo92/|title=Manuel Olivencia es destituido como comisario General de la Expo’92|date=19 July 2013|accessdate=2 January 2018|publisher=Legadoexposevilla}}</ref>

In his career, Olivencia published more than 200 titles of the various specialties of [[mercantile law]], most of them collected in legal studies, five volumes which published for El Monte Foundation in Seville.<ref name="Bio"/>

==Death==
Olivencia died on 1 January 2018 at age 88 in [[Seville]] from respiratory failure after a suffering a fall in December 2017.<ref name="Diario">{{cite web|url=http://www.diariodesevilla.es/andalucia/Fallece-Manuel-Olivencia-catedratico-Expo_0_1205279466.html|title=Fallece Manuel Olivencia, catedrático, maestro de abogados y comisario general de la Expo|last=Muñoz|first=Jorge|date=1 January 2018|accessdate=1 January 2018|work=Diario de Sevilla|language=es}}</ref> Olivencia had four children, one of whom predeceased him in 2014.<ref name="Bio"/>

==Honors==
* Great Crosses of the [[Order of Alfonso X the Wise]], of the [[Crosses of Military Merit (Spain)|Military Merit]], of [[Order of St. Raymond of Peñafort|St. Raymond of Peñafort]] and of [[Order of Isabella the Catholic|Isabella the Catholic]]<ref name="Bio"/>
* [[Golden Cross of Merit]] of [[Austria]]<ref name="Faro"/>
* [[Creu de Sant Jordi Award]] of [[Catalonia]]<ref name="Bio"/>
* Favorite Son of [[Ronda]]<ref name="Bio"/>
* Adoptive Son of [[Seville]]<ref name="Faro"/>
* Gold Medal of the City of [[Ceuta]]<ref name="Mundo"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=36035774&privcapId=22563601 Manuel Olivencia Ruiz: Executive Profile & Biography] at Bloomberg.com

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Olivencia Ruiz, Manuel}}
[[Category:1929 births]]
[[Category:2018 deaths]]
[[Category:University of Seville faculty]]
[[Category:University of Bologna alumni]]
[[Category:Complutense University of Madrid faculty]]
[[Category:Spanish academics]]
[[Category:People from Ronda]]
[[Category:Spanish lawyers]]

Miquel Roca

2020-03-12T12:10:08Z

Shiclanero: cat

{{Spanish name|Roca|i Junyent}}
{{Expand Spanish|fa=yes|date=July 2016|Miquel Roca}}
{{Infobox officeholder
|name = Miquel Roca i Junyent
|image = (Roca)_Felipe_González_recibe_al_presidente_de_la_representación_de_la_Generalitat_de_Catalunya_en_la_Comisión_de_Cooperación_Bilateral_con_la_Administración_del_Estado_(cropped).jpg
|nationality = [[Spain|Spanish]]
|office = Councillor of [[Barcelona]]
|term_start = 15 June 1995
|term_end = 13 June 1999
|office2 = Member of the [[Congress of Deputies (Spain)|Congress of Deputies]]
|term_start2 = 15 June 1977
|term_end2 = 31 January 1995
|constituency2 = [[Barcelona (Spanish Congress Electoral District)|Barcelona]]
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|1940|04|20}}
|birth_place = [[Bordeaux]], [[France]]
|death_date =
|death_place =
|spouse =
|party = [[Catalan European Democratic Party]]
}}
'''Miquel Roca i Junyent''' ([[Bordeaux]], [[France]], 20 April 1940) is a Spanish lawyer and politician from [[Democratic Convergence of Catalonia]]. He is one of the [[Fathers of the Constitution]] in Spain.

==Biography==
Miquel Roca i Junyent was descendant to two Catalan bourgeoisie families. His paternal grandfather, Ramon Roca Masferrer (1861-1932), was a prestigious personality in the world of Barcelona editors, arts and culture; his maternal grandfather, [[Miguel Junyent Rovira]] (1871-1936), was a Barcelona publisher and [[Carlist]] politician. He was born in Bordeaux as his father, [[Joan Roca i Caball|Juan Bautista Roca Caball]] (1898-1976) left Catalonia during the Civil War. In his youth, he joined forces with other future Catalan politicians, such as [[Narcís Serra]] and [[Pasqual Maragall]], in the [[Front Obrer de Catalunya]], an illegal left-wing organization made up mostly by university students linked to the [[Popular Liberation Front (Spain)|Popular Liberation Front]] (FELIPE).

Later in his life, he turned to [[Liberalism|liberal]] ideas. He was a founding member of [[Democratic Convergence of Catalonia]] in 1974, where he served as the adjunct to the Secretary-General. He was elected to the [[1977 Spanish general election|first democratic parliament]] after the Francoist dictatorship for the district of Barcelona, where he held his seat from 1977 to 1995 in representation of [[Convergence and Union]]. He soon became the leader and speaker of the Catalan Minority in [[Congress of Deputies (Spain)|Congress]].

From 1982 to 1995, he represented the [[Generalitat]], Catalonia's [[Autonomous communities of Spain|devolved]] regional administration, in the Committee for Bilateral Co-operation with the [[Spanish government]]. During this period, [[1986 Spanish general election|he failed]] in his attempt to create a centrist party to act as a counterweight between the conservative [[People's Alliance (Spain)|People's Alliance]] and the social-democratic [[PSOE]], a plan known as [[Democratic Reformist Party|Operation Roca]].

He was the CiU candidate to become the [[Mayor of Barcelona]] in 1995, a position he accepted on the advice of then-President of the Generalitat [[Jordi Pujol]]. Despite his popularity, [[1995 Barcelona City Council election|he lost]] by a considerable margin against incumbent Pasqual Maragall, a former correligionary of Roca. He took a post in the insurance company Catalana Occidente soon thereafter. In addition, he runs his own law firm and works as an Associate Professor of Constitutional Law at [[Pompeu Fabra University]]. He is also an honorary board member of various Spanish companies.

He was hired by the [[Spanish Royal Family]] to defend [[Cristina de Borbón]] in the judicial procedures against her in the [[Noos case]]. In May 2016, judge [[José Castro]] denounced pressures by Roca and his law firm to have a meeting in order to acquit Borbón from all charges pressed against her.

==External links==
* [http://www.rocajunyent.com/ Despacho Abogados Roca Junyent]
* [http://www.enciclopedia.cat/fitxa_v2.jsp?NDCHEC=0056097 enciclopèdia.cat entry] (in Catalan)
* [http://www.cidob.org/es/documentacion/biografias_lideres_politicos/europa/espana/miquel_roca_i_junyent Biografía por CIDOB]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Roca, Miquel}}
[[Category:Catalan politicians]]
[[Category:1940 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Spanish lawyers]]

Pérez-Llorca

2020-03-11T17:24:47Z

Shiclanero: /* Pérez-Llorca/IE Chair */ link to IE University

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2017}}
'''Pérez-Llorca''' is a law firm founded in Madrid in 1983. The firm has 48 partners and more than 280 professionals.

It is headquartered in [[Madrid]], and also has offices in [[Barcelona]], [[London]] and [[New York City|New York]]. In 2017, the firm was recognised as ‘Spain Law Firm of the Year’ in the Chambers Europe Awards for the second time.<ref name="Pérez-Llorca, reconocido como bufete del año en España por 'Chambers & Partners'">{{cite journal|title=Pérez-Llorca, reconocido como bufete del año en España por 'Chambers & Partners'|date=April 9, 2017|url=http://www.expansion.com/juridico/actualidad-tendencias/2017/04/09/58e9f48e468aebe66e8b45f0.html|accessdate=11 September 2017}}</ref> The current senior partner of the firm is Pedro Pérez-Llorca.<ref name='Pedro Pérez-Llorca: "Tras la crisis, los despachos trabajan mejor y con honorarios más ajustados"'>{{cite journal|last1=Vigil|first1=A.|title=Pedro Pérez-Llorca: "Tras la crisis, los despachos trabajan mejor y con honorarios más ajustados"|date=May 29, 2017|url=https://cincodias.elpais.com/cincodias/2017/05/26/legal/1495804787_879517.html|accessdate=11 September 2017}}</ref>

== History ==

The firm was founded in 1983 by [[José Pedro Pérez-Llorca]], who held a number of ministerial positions during the Government of [[Adolfo Suárez Illana|Adolfo Suárez]] and was one of the seven contributors to the [[Spanish Constitution of 1978|Spanish Constitution]].

In 1995, the firm began its expansion with the opening of its office in [[Barcelona]].

In 2006, Chambers & Partners awarded Pérez-Llorca with the award ‘Iberian Law Firm of the Year’.

In 2013, Pérez-Llorca moved its Madrid office to the Castelar building, located on the [[Paseo de la Castellana]]. The following year, the Barcelona office moved to the Alta Diagonal building located on [[Avenida Diagonal]].

In 2014, the firm continued its expansion and opened its first overseas office in London, where it practises Spanish law. One year later, in 2015, Pérez-Llorca established a presence in New York. That same year, the directory Chambers & Partners presented the firm with the award for ‘Spain Client Service’.<ref name="Los Oscars de la abogacía: Pérez-Llorca se corona como mejor bufete español">{{cite journal|last1=Zarzalejos|first1=A.|title=Los Oscars de la abogacía: Pérez-Llorca se corona como mejor bufete español|date=April 10, 2017|url=https://www.elconfidencial.com/empresas/2017-04-10/directorio-chambers-europe2017-perez-llorca-garrigues-uria-cuatrecasas-abogados-bufetes-espana_1364002/|accessdate=11 September 2017}}</ref>

In 2017, Chambers & Partners presented Pérez-Llorca with the award for ‘Spain Law Firm of the Year’ for the second time.

In October 2018, the Firm opened its second office in Madrid in the so-called Foster Tower, in the Cuatro Torres Business Area financial district.

== Pérez-Llorca/IE Chair ==

The '''Pérez-Llorca/IE Chair''' on Commercial Law is a top collaborative initiative launched by both a law firm and the [[IE University]]. The chair has been running since 2010, and was born of Pérez-Llorca and IE’s commitment to applied research and dissemination of information in the area of [[Commercial Law]] from the perspective of international legal practice.

The aim of the chair is to combine the knowledge, experience and capabilities of a law firm and a university, and to share research with companies and law schools through work and by means of the joint activities organised by [[Instituto de Empresa|IE Law School]] and Pérez-Llorca.

== Practice Areas ==

Pérez-Llorca advises its clients in the following practice areas:

* National and [[International Arbitration]]
*
* Banking and Finance
*
* [[Private Equity]]
*
* [[Unfair Competition]]
*
* Corporate Compliance
*
* Bankruptcy and Insolvency
*
* Public Procurement
*
* [[Administrative Law]]
*
* [[Competition Law]]
*
* [[European Union Law]]
*
* Corporate Law
*
* Project Finance
*
* Tax
*
* [[Mergers and Acquisitions]]
*
* Corporate Governance
*
* Real Estate
*
* [[Labour Law]]
*
* Litigation before the ECJ ([[European Court of Justice]])
*
* Civil and Commercial Litigation, Litigation against Public Administrations
*
* Environment
*
* Capital Markets
*
* Commercial Law
*
* [[White Collar Crime]]
*
* [[Copyright Law]]
*
* Intellectual Property
*
* Data Protection and E-Commerce
*
* Corporate Restructuring

The firm also provides advice through a desk which focuses on Latin America: LatAm Desk

== Offices ==
Pérez-Llorca has offices in Madrid, Barcelona, London and New York.

== External links ==

* [https://www.perezllorca.com/es/inicio Pérez-Llorca]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Law firms of Spain]]

Pérez-Llorca

2020-03-11T17:22:49Z

Shiclanero: /* History */

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2017}}
'''Pérez-Llorca''' is a law firm founded in Madrid in 1983. The firm has 48 partners and more than 280 professionals.

It is headquartered in [[Madrid]], and also has offices in [[Barcelona]], [[London]] and [[New York City|New York]]. In 2017, the firm was recognised as ‘Spain Law Firm of the Year’ in the Chambers Europe Awards for the second time.<ref name="Pérez-Llorca, reconocido como bufete del año en España por 'Chambers & Partners'">{{cite journal|title=Pérez-Llorca, reconocido como bufete del año en España por 'Chambers & Partners'|date=April 9, 2017|url=http://www.expansion.com/juridico/actualidad-tendencias/2017/04/09/58e9f48e468aebe66e8b45f0.html|accessdate=11 September 2017}}</ref> The current senior partner of the firm is Pedro Pérez-Llorca.<ref name='Pedro Pérez-Llorca: "Tras la crisis, los despachos trabajan mejor y con honorarios más ajustados"'>{{cite journal|last1=Vigil|first1=A.|title=Pedro Pérez-Llorca: "Tras la crisis, los despachos trabajan mejor y con honorarios más ajustados"|date=May 29, 2017|url=https://cincodias.elpais.com/cincodias/2017/05/26/legal/1495804787_879517.html|accessdate=11 September 2017}}</ref>

== History ==

The firm was founded in 1983 by [[José Pedro Pérez-Llorca]], who held a number of ministerial positions during the Government of [[Adolfo Suárez Illana|Adolfo Suárez]] and was one of the seven contributors to the [[Spanish Constitution of 1978|Spanish Constitution]].

In 1995, the firm began its expansion with the opening of its office in [[Barcelona]].

In 2006, Chambers & Partners awarded Pérez-Llorca with the award ‘Iberian Law Firm of the Year’.

In 2013, Pérez-Llorca moved its Madrid office to the Castelar building, located on the [[Paseo de la Castellana]]. The following year, the Barcelona office moved to the Alta Diagonal building located on [[Avenida Diagonal]].

In 2014, the firm continued its expansion and opened its first overseas office in London, where it practises Spanish law. One year later, in 2015, Pérez-Llorca established a presence in New York. That same year, the directory Chambers & Partners presented the firm with the award for ‘Spain Client Service’.<ref name="Los Oscars de la abogacía: Pérez-Llorca se corona como mejor bufete español">{{cite journal|last1=Zarzalejos|first1=A.|title=Los Oscars de la abogacía: Pérez-Llorca se corona como mejor bufete español|date=April 10, 2017|url=https://www.elconfidencial.com/empresas/2017-04-10/directorio-chambers-europe2017-perez-llorca-garrigues-uria-cuatrecasas-abogados-bufetes-espana_1364002/|accessdate=11 September 2017}}</ref>

In 2017, Chambers & Partners presented Pérez-Llorca with the award for ‘Spain Law Firm of the Year’ for the second time.

In October 2018, the Firm opened its second office in Madrid in the so-called Foster Tower, in the Cuatro Torres Business Area financial district.

== Pérez-Llorca/IE Chair ==

The '''Pérez-Llorca/IE Chair''' on Commercial Law is a top collaborative initiative launched by both a law firm and a university. The chair has been running since 2010, and was born of Pérez-Llorca and IE’s commitment to applied research and dissemination of information in the area of [[Commercial Law]] from the perspective of international legal practice.

The aim of the chair is to combine the knowledge, experience and capabilities of a law firm and a university, and to share research with companies and law schools through work and by means of the joint activities organised by [[Instituto de Empresa|IE Law School]] and Pérez-Llorca.

== Practice Areas ==

Pérez-Llorca advises its clients in the following practice areas:

* National and [[International Arbitration]]
*
* Banking and Finance
*
* [[Private Equity]]
*
* [[Unfair Competition]]
*
* Corporate Compliance
*
* Bankruptcy and Insolvency
*
* Public Procurement
*
* [[Administrative Law]]
*
* [[Competition Law]]
*
* [[European Union Law]]
*
* Corporate Law
*
* Project Finance
*
* Tax
*
* [[Mergers and Acquisitions]]
*
* Corporate Governance
*
* Real Estate
*
* [[Labour Law]]
*
* Litigation before the ECJ ([[European Court of Justice]])
*
* Civil and Commercial Litigation, Litigation against Public Administrations
*
* Environment
*
* Capital Markets
*
* Commercial Law
*
* [[White Collar Crime]]
*
* [[Copyright Law]]
*
* Intellectual Property
*
* Data Protection and E-Commerce
*
* Corporate Restructuring

The firm also provides advice through a desk which focuses on Latin America: LatAm Desk

== Offices ==
Pérez-Llorca has offices in Madrid, Barcelona, London and New York.

== External links ==

* [https://www.perezllorca.com/es/inicio Pérez-Llorca]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Law firms of Spain]]

Teodosio César Brea

2020-03-11T17:15:11Z

Shiclanero:

{{BLP sources|date=August 2013}}

'''Teodosio César Brea''' (born 1927) is an Argentine lawyer. Brea obtained his law degree from the “[[University of Buenos Aires|Universidad de Buenos Aires]]” in 1950 and a Master in Comparative Jurisprudence from the [[New York University School of Law]] in 1954. He validated his law degree at the “[[Complutense University of Madrid|Universidad Complutense de Madrid]]” and was admitted to the bar in Spain in 1976.

==Early life==
Brea was born in Buenos Aires and attended the University of Buenos Aires, graduating from law school in 1950. He then attended New York University, taking a master's degree in comparative jurisprudence in 1953. ln 1955, he was appointed professor of constitutional law at the [[University of Buenos Aires]] and helped to devise the present political studies programme in the School of Law.

==Career==
He founded the firm [[:es:Allende %26 Brea|Allende & Brea]], one of the biggest law firms in Argentina{{cn|date=July 2016}}. The law firm was founded together with Juan Martín Allende in 1957 for the practice of international and corporate law in his home country (the law firm was the first in Buenos Aires to follow the model of U.S. law firms). In the 1970s, he expanded the practice to Spain and the United States (the law firm used to have an office in New York and another one in Florida).

He was assistant professor of constitutional law at the [[:es:Universidad de Buenos Aires|Universidad de Buenos Aires]] for ten years (1955-1965).

He was member of the Bar Association of the City of Buenos Aires; [[New York City Bar Association|The Association of the Bar of the City of New York]]; Royal Bar Association of Madrid; [[The American Society of International Law]]; American Foreign Law Association; Inter-American Bar Association; and the International Bar Association.

He was the Chairman of the National Park Service of Argentina (1966-1970); Chairman of Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina;<ref>Parera, Anibal Fernando, [http://www.lanacion.com.ar/962236-vida-silvestre-treinta-anos-despues "Vida Silvestre, treinta años después"] ''Diario La Nación, seción opinión November 15, 2007</ref> Vice-Chairman and Trustee of the [[World Wild Fund for Nature]] (WWF) (1982-1995); Vice-Chairman of the Advisory Board and Comparative Law Center of the Southwestern Legal Foundation, Dallas.

He has played an active part in the creation of several non-governmental organizations, such as Fundación Bariloche (1962), Fundación Invertir (1993) and Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina (1977).

Apart from being a founding member of a law firm in Buenos Aires, Brea also devoted much of his time to a major conservation agency, the [[:es:Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina|Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina]].

Since 1965, Brea has become increasingly active in conservation in Argentina. His early efforts resulted in the passing of new legislation covering the management of natural areas in Argentina. ln 1968, he founded the National Ranger School for the training of specialized personnel in conservation; even today, this is still only one of four centres of its type active in the world.

Brea is also one of the [http://www.vidasilvestre.org.ar/conocenos2/nuestro_equipo/ founders of the Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina] where he served as secretary until 1987. The Fundación has developed into the most active non-governmental organization in this field in Argentina and one of the leading institutions of its type in Latin America.

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==Links==
* [http://www.lanacion.com.ar/942577-allende-y-brea-medio-siglo-de-un-estudio-juridico-innovador Allende y Brea medio siglo de un estudio jurídico innovador], Diario La Nación del 10 de septiembre de 2007.
* [http://www.lanacion.com.ar/610223-allende-brea-expande-su-area-de-influencia-a-miami Allende Brea expande su area de influencia a Miami, Diario La Nación del 12 de junio de 2002]
* [http://www.rolexawards.com/profiles/jury/teodosio_csar_brea Teodosio Brea 1990 Jury member of The Rolex Awards for Enterprise]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Brea, Teodosio Cesar}}
[[Category:Argentine lawyers]]
[[Category:1927 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Teodosio César Brea

2020-03-11T17:14:35Z

Shiclanero: link

{{BLP sources|date=August 2013}}

'''Teodosio César Brea''' (born 1927) is an Argentine lawyer. Brea obtained his law degree from the “[[University of Buenos Aires|Universidad de Buenos Aires]]” in 1950 and a Master in Comparative Jurisprudence from the [[New York University School of Law]] in 1954. He validated his law degree at the “Universidad Complutense de Madrid” and was admitted to the bar in Spain in 1976.

==Early life==
Brea was born in Buenos Aires and attended the University of Buenos Aires, graduating from law school in 1950. He then attended New York University, taking a master's degree in comparative jurisprudence in 1953. ln 1955, he was appointed professor of constitutional law at the [[University of Buenos Aires]] and helped to devise the present political studies programme in the School of Law.

==Career==
He founded the firm [[:es:Allende %26 Brea|Allende & Brea]], one of the biggest law firms in Argentina{{cn|date=July 2016}}. The law firm was founded together with Juan Martín Allende in 1957 for the practice of international and corporate law in his home country (the law firm was the first in Buenos Aires to follow the model of U.S. law firms). In the 1970s, he expanded the practice to Spain and the United States (the law firm used to have an office in New York and another one in Florida).

He was assistant professor of constitutional law at the [[:es:Universidad de Buenos Aires|Universidad de Buenos Aires]] for ten years (1955-1965).

He was member of the Bar Association of the City of Buenos Aires; [[New York City Bar Association|The Association of the Bar of the City of New York]]; Royal Bar Association of Madrid; [[The American Society of International Law]]; American Foreign Law Association; Inter-American Bar Association; and the International Bar Association.

He was the Chairman of the National Park Service of Argentina (1966-1970); Chairman of Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina;<ref>Parera, Anibal Fernando, [http://www.lanacion.com.ar/962236-vida-silvestre-treinta-anos-despues "Vida Silvestre, treinta años después"] ''Diario La Nación, seción opinión November 15, 2007</ref> Vice-Chairman and Trustee of the [[World Wild Fund for Nature]] (WWF) (1982-1995); Vice-Chairman of the Advisory Board and Comparative Law Center of the Southwestern Legal Foundation, Dallas.

He has played an active part in the creation of several non-governmental organizations, such as Fundación Bariloche (1962), Fundación Invertir (1993) and Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina (1977).

Apart from being a founding member of a law firm in Buenos Aires, Brea also devoted much of his time to a major conservation agency, the [[:es:Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina|Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina]].

Since 1965, Brea has become increasingly active in conservation in Argentina. His early efforts resulted in the passing of new legislation covering the management of natural areas in Argentina. ln 1968, he founded the National Ranger School for the training of specialized personnel in conservation; even today, this is still only one of four centres of its type active in the world.

Brea is also one of the [http://www.vidasilvestre.org.ar/conocenos2/nuestro_equipo/ founders of the Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina] where he served as secretary until 1987. The Fundación has developed into the most active non-governmental organization in this field in Argentina and one of the leading institutions of its type in Latin America.

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==Links==
* [http://www.lanacion.com.ar/942577-allende-y-brea-medio-siglo-de-un-estudio-juridico-innovador Allende y Brea medio siglo de un estudio jurídico innovador], Diario La Nación del 10 de septiembre de 2007.
* [http://www.lanacion.com.ar/610223-allende-brea-expande-su-area-de-influencia-a-miami Allende Brea expande su area de influencia a Miami, Diario La Nación del 12 de junio de 2002]
* [http://www.rolexawards.com/profiles/jury/teodosio_csar_brea Teodosio Brea 1990 Jury member of The Rolex Awards for Enterprise]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Brea, Teodosio Cesar}}
[[Category:Argentine lawyers]]
[[Category:1927 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Teodosio César Brea

2020-03-11T17:14:03Z

Shiclanero: link

{{BLP sources|date=August 2013}}

'''Teodosio César Brea''' (born 1927) is an Argentine lawyer. Brea obtained his law degree from the “[[University of Buenos Aires|Universidad de Buenos Aires]]” in 1950 and a Master in Comparative Jurisprudence from the New York University School of Law in 1954. He validated his law degree at the “Universidad Complutense de Madrid” and was admitted to the bar in Spain in 1976.

==Early life==
Brea was born in Buenos Aires and attended the University of Buenos Aires, graduating from law school in 1950. He then attended New York University, taking a master's degree in comparative jurisprudence in 1953. ln 1955, he was appointed professor of constitutional law at the [[University of Buenos Aires]] and helped to devise the present political studies programme in the School of Law.

==Career==
He founded the firm [[:es:Allende %26 Brea|Allende & Brea]], one of the biggest law firms in Argentina{{cn|date=July 2016}}. The law firm was founded together with Juan Martín Allende in 1957 for the practice of international and corporate law in his home country (the law firm was the first in Buenos Aires to follow the model of U.S. law firms). In the 1970s, he expanded the practice to Spain and the United States (the law firm used to have an office in New York and another one in Florida).

He was assistant professor of constitutional law at the [[:es:Universidad de Buenos Aires|Universidad de Buenos Aires]] for ten years (1955-1965).

He was member of the Bar Association of the City of Buenos Aires; [[New York City Bar Association|The Association of the Bar of the City of New York]]; Royal Bar Association of Madrid; [[The American Society of International Law]]; American Foreign Law Association; Inter-American Bar Association; and the International Bar Association.

He was the Chairman of the National Park Service of Argentina (1966-1970); Chairman of Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina;<ref>Parera, Anibal Fernando, [http://www.lanacion.com.ar/962236-vida-silvestre-treinta-anos-despues "Vida Silvestre, treinta años después"] ''Diario La Nación, seción opinión November 15, 2007</ref> Vice-Chairman and Trustee of the [[World Wild Fund for Nature]] (WWF) (1982-1995); Vice-Chairman of the Advisory Board and Comparative Law Center of the Southwestern Legal Foundation, Dallas.

He has played an active part in the creation of several non-governmental organizations, such as Fundación Bariloche (1962), Fundación Invertir (1993) and Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina (1977).

Apart from being a founding member of a law firm in Buenos Aires, Brea also devoted much of his time to a major conservation agency, the [[:es:Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina|Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina]].

Since 1965, Brea has become increasingly active in conservation in Argentina. His early efforts resulted in the passing of new legislation covering the management of natural areas in Argentina. ln 1968, he founded the National Ranger School for the training of specialized personnel in conservation; even today, this is still only one of four centres of its type active in the world.

Brea is also one of the [http://www.vidasilvestre.org.ar/conocenos2/nuestro_equipo/ founders of the Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina] where he served as secretary until 1987. The Fundación has developed into the most active non-governmental organization in this field in Argentina and one of the leading institutions of its type in Latin America.

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==Links==
* [http://www.lanacion.com.ar/942577-allende-y-brea-medio-siglo-de-un-estudio-juridico-innovador Allende y Brea medio siglo de un estudio jurídico innovador], Diario La Nación del 10 de septiembre de 2007.
* [http://www.lanacion.com.ar/610223-allende-brea-expande-su-area-de-influencia-a-miami Allende Brea expande su area de influencia a Miami, Diario La Nación del 12 de junio de 2002]
* [http://www.rolexawards.com/profiles/jury/teodosio_csar_brea Teodosio Brea 1990 Jury member of The Rolex Awards for Enterprise]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Brea, Teodosio Cesar}}
[[Category:Argentine lawyers]]
[[Category:1927 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Garrigues (law firm)

2020-03-11T17:06:42Z

Shiclanero: /* History */ link

{{notability|Companies|date=March 2015}}
{{Infobox law firm
| name = Garrigues
| logo = [[Image:Logotipo Garrigues Abogados.jpg|220px|Garrigues]]
| headquarters = Madrid, Spain
| num_offices = 32 in 13 countries <ref>http://www.garrigues.com/en_GB/offices</ref>
| num_employees = 2000 <ref>http://www.ekathimerini.com/162379/article/ekathimerini/community/size-an-important-factor-for-law-firms-even-in-greece</ref>
| num_employees_year = 2014
| practice_areas = [[Corporate law]], commercial contracts, mergers and acquisitions, [[securities]] markets, banking and [[finance]], insurance, [[real estate]], planning and zoning, [[energy]], [[telecommunications]], labor and employment, [[litigation]] and [[arbitration]], restructuring and insolvency, criminal, E.U. and antitrust, tax, accounting, human capital services, intellectual property, informational technology, administrative, environmental, maritime and transportation, pharmaceuticals and biotechnology, sports and entertainment<ref>[http://www.garrigues.com/en_GB/practice-area "Practice Areas" on the ''Garrigues'' Web site]</ref>
| revenue = €339 million <ref>http://www.iberianlawyer.com/news/5663-garrigues-revenue-climbs-to-339-million</ref>
| revenue_year = 2015
| date_founded = 1941 (Madrid, Spain])
| company_type =
| homepage = [http://www.garrigues.com www.garrigues.com]
}}
'''Garrigues''' is a law firm with offices in Spain, Portugal, London, New York, and 9 other countries.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title = Garrigues|url = https://www.linkedin.com/company/garrigues|website = www.linkedin.com|access-date = 2016-02-03}}</ref> Founded in 1941, the firm has experience in a wide range of fields and industries, from traditional practice areas to the newest legal fields.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|title = Garrigues – Madrid – Law Firm Profile - Chambers Global 2015 – Chambers and Partners|url = http://www.chambersandpartners.com/global/firm/3983/garrigues|website = www.chambersandpartners.com|access-date = 2016-02-03}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title = Spain {{!}} Taxand|url = http://www.taxand.com/locations/spain|website = www.taxand.com|access-date = 2016-02-03}}</ref> As of July 2015, Garrigues was the second largest law firm in turnover in Continental Europe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mondaq.com/x/410192/Marketing/Spains+Biggest+European+Firm+Title+Passes+To+France|title=Spain's ‘Biggest European Firm' Title Passes To France|website=www.mondaq.com|access-date=2016-02-03}}</ref>

==Founders==
In 1941, two brothers, Joaquín and Antonio Garrigues Díaz-Cañabate, founded J&A Garrigues.<ref>http://www.peprobe.com/institution/garrigues</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20081029055633/http://www.law.harvard.edu/programs/elrc/reports/2006-2007/partners.php</ref>

Born in 1899, Joaquín Garrigues Díaz-Cañabate became a professor of commercial law at age 29.<ref>http://www.unav.es/noticias/090404-01.html</ref> According to the Garrigues company’s Web site, he oversaw reforms to Spanish company law in 1944 at the Institute of Political Rights, he founded the Revista de Derecho Comercial (Commercial Law Review) in 1946, and soon after he prepared the draft legislation that would become the Spanish Corporations Law (1951) and the Limited Liability Companies Law.<ref name="garrigues.com">http://www.garrigues.com/en_GB/firm/garrigues-timeline</ref>

The younger brother, Antonio Garrigues Díaz-Cañabate, was born in 1904. He practiced law until his appointment in 1931 as director-general of registries and notaries during the days of the [[Second Spanish Republic|Spanish Republic]]. He was ambassador to the [[United States]] (1962–64) and to the [[Holy See|Vatican]] (1964–72), and he became the minister of justice in the first government of the returned [[Spanish monarchy]] (1975–76).<ref>http://www.grijalvo.com/Mullan/b_The_Marques_de_Garrigues_eng.htm</ref>

==History==
The company says that “During the second half of the 20th century, J&A Garrigues played an active role in Spanish legal life and played host to reforms to the country’s legislation, particularly during the [[Spanish transition to democracy|transition to democracy]], placing the firm in an ideal position to dominate the legal services market.” <ref name="garrigues.com"/>

In 1997 it merged with [[Arthur Andersen]], Asesores Legales y Tributarios (ALT) and became Garrigues & Andersen.<ref>https://www.law.cornell.edu/ethics/mdp2.htm</ref> In March 2002, with the disappearance of the Andersen Worldwide network, the firm became independent, and today it operates under the name of Garrigues.<ref>http://www.thelawyer.com/cgi-bin/item.cgi?id=130270{{Dead link|date=December 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> In 1991 the company set up the Portuguese Legal Group, along with other firms from Portugal, Brazil and the United Kingdom.<ref>http://www.worldtrademarkreview.com/Magazine/Issue/19/Country-correspondents/Brazil-Garrigues-Abogados-Asesores-Tributarios</ref> Garrigues’s Portuguese practice has been operating since January 2005 through Garrigues Portugal, which incorporated the firm Leónidas, Matos & Associados.<ref>http://www.latincounsel.com/?inc=Vmlldw==&view=Tm90aWNpYXM=&lang=English&order=1789&newsId=48068</ref> In 2013, Garrigues took the first step towards opening its own office network in Latin America.<ref>http://www.iberianlawyer.com/news/3992-first-spanish-firms-going-solo-in-latin-america</ref> In 2017 Fernando Vives<ref>http://www.worldservicesgroup.com/profile/attorney/fernando-vives-ruiz/5662</ref> was re-elected executive chairman of Garrigues for five-year term.<ref>https://article.wn.com/view/2017/01/26/Fernando_Vives_reelected_executive_chairman_of_Garrigues_unt/</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.garrigues.com/en_GB Official site]
*[http://www.globallegalpost.com/big-stories/garrigues-pulls-plug-on-latin-america-alliance-to-go-alone-75224599/ Garrigues pulls plug on Latin America alliance to go alone]
*[https://legalisglobal.com/garrigues-expands-latam-presence-to-chile/ Garrigues expands LATAM presence to Chile]
*[http://www.rocajunyent.com/en/actualidad-publicaciones/garrigues-and-fernando-vives-spain%C2%92s-most-influential-law-firm-and-lawyer-respectively/ Garrigues and Fernando Vives, most influential law firm and lawyer respectively]
*[http://www.leadersleague.com/en/news/board-of-executives-at-garrigues-partners-ratified-for-a-second-period Board of Executives at Garrigues Partners Ratified for a Second Period]
*{{cite book |author= Garrigues, of Madrid |chapter= Spain Law Digest |title= Martindale Hubbell International Law Digest, Argentina-Vietnam Law Digests; Selected International Conventions; US Uniform Acts |place= New Providence, NJ and London, England |publisher= Reed Elsevier Inc.|year= 2004 |edition= 136th year |url= https://archive.org/details/martindalehubbel00lexi |accessdate= November 11, 2018 |via= Internet Archive}}
[[Category:Law firms of Spain]]
[[Category:Law firms established in 1941]]