Izvorni kôd stranice Ingenuity

{{Prijevod}}
{{Standardi}}
{{infokutija svemirska letjelica
| ime                         = Ingenuity
| ponovljivost                = 
| ekscentricitet              = 
| inklinacija                 = 
| orbitalni_period            = 
| apoapsis                    = 
| apogej                      = 
| periapsis                   = 
| perigej                     = 
| interval_ponavljanja        = 
| orbita_dnevno               = 
| instrumenti                 = 
| sirina                      = 
| glavni_instrumenti          = 
| transponderi                = 
| razlucivost                 = 
| podrucje_pokrivanja         = 
| spektralni_pojas            = 
| brzina_prijenosa_podataka   = 
| SSR                         = 
| povrsina_pokrivanja         = <!--| prostorna_razlucivost = {{{Spatial Resolution|}}}-->
| razlucivost_slike           = 
| velika_poluos               = 
| orbitalni_rezim             = 
| slika                       = [[File:Ingenuity_on_Sol_48.png|300px]]
| datum_ulaska_u_orbitu       = 
| slika_opis                  = ''Ingenuity'' na 48. solu
| organizacija                = [[NASA]]
| glavni_ugovaratelji         = 
| platforma                   = 
| tip_misije                  = Helikopter na Marsu
| prelet                      = 
| datum_preleta               = 18. februar 2021 (s roverom [[Perseverance]])
| trenutacna_destinacija      = Mars
| satelit_od                  = 
| orbitira                    = 
| baterije                    = 273 g
| lansiranje                  = 30. juli 2020.<br />11:50 UTC
| lansiran_uz_pomoc           = Atlas V
| raketa_nosac                = 
| mjesto_lansiranja           = [[Cape Canaveral]]
| trajanje_misije             = 19. april – 7. maj 2021. (testni letovi)
| NSSDC_ID                    = 
| internet_sjediste           = 
| masa                        = 1,8 kg<ref name="landing press kit">{{cite web|url=https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/press_kits/mars_2020/download/ingenuity_landing_press_kit.pdf|title=Ingenuity Mars Helicopter Landing Press Kit |publisher=NASA|date=januar 2021|access-date=14. 2. 2021|archive-date=18. 2. 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210218072916/https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/press_kits/mars_2020/download/ingenuity_landing_press_kit.pdf|url-status=live}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>
| napajanje                   = RTG
| ref                         = 
}}
'''Ingenuity''' je mali robotski [[helikopter]] smješten na Marsu od [[18. februar]]a [[2021.|2021. godine.]] To je prva [[letjelica]] s elisom na [[Mars]]u, a namijenjena je prvom i potpuno posadenom atmosferskom letu, od polijetanja do slijetanja, na bilo kojoj planeti izvan Zemlje. Dio [[NASA|NASA-ine]] [[Mars 2020|misije Mars 2020]], mali koaksijalni bespilotni [[Rotor (elektrotehnika)|rotor]], služio je kao tehnološki demonstrator za potencijalnu upotrebu letećih sondi na drugim svemirskim tijelima, s potencijalom za izviđanje lokacija od interesa i podršku budućem planiranju rute za mars rovere .<ref name="NYT-20200623">{{Cite news|last=Chang|first=Kenneth|date=23. 6. 2020|title=Mars Is About to Have Its "Wright Brothers Moment" – As part of its next Mars mission, NASA is sending an experimental helicopter to fly through the red planet's thin atmosphere.|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/23/science/mars-helicopter-nasa.html|access-date=7. 3. 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200623070602/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/23/science/mars-helicopter-nasa.html|archive-date=23. 6. 2020}}</ref><ref name="Leone heli">{{Cite news|last=Leone|first=Dan|url=http://spacenews.com/elachi-touts-helicopter-scout-for-mars-sample-caching-rover/|title=Elachi Touts Helicopter Scout for Mars Sample-Caching Rover|publisher=SpaceNews|date=19. 11. 2015|access-date=20. 11. 2015|archive-date=21. 2. 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210221200007/https://spacenews.com/elachi-touts-helicopter-scout-for-mars-sample-caching-rover/}}</ref>

''Ingenuity'', koja se još uvijek nalazi na površini Marsa, bila je pričvršćena na donjoj strani rovera [[Perseverance (rover)|Perseverance]]. Njegovo raspoređivanje bilo je [[3. april]]a 2021.<ref name="Today">{{Cite news|title=Mars Rover Perseverance Set To Launch Drone|newspaper=[[Today (American TV program)]]|publisher=[[YouTube]]|date=24. 3. 2021|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ceFiynmNB0&ab_channel=TODAY|access-date=27. 3. 2021}}</ref><ref name="NYT-20210323">{{Cite news|last=hang|first=Kenneth|title=Get Ready for the First Flight of NASA’s Mars Helicopter - The experimental vehicle named Ingenuity traveled to the red planet with the Perseverance rover, which is also preparing for its main science mission.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/23/science/nasa-mars-helicopter.html|date=23. 3. 2021|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=23. 3. 2021}}</ref><ref name="NASA-20210323">{{Cite news|last=Johnson|first=Alana|last2=Hautaluoma|first2=Grey|last3=Agle|first3=DC|title=NASA Ingenuity Mars Helicopter Prepares for First Flight|url=https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasa-ingenuity-mars-helicopter-prepares-for-first-flight|date=23. 3. 2021|work=[[NASA]]|access-date=23. 3. 2021}}</ref> Otprilike 60 dana nakon što je Perseverance sletio na mjesto slijetanja Octavia E. Butler u [[Jezero (krater)|Jezero Krater]]. Prvo polijetanje se dogodilo 19. aprila 2021. u 08:30 (CET). Rezultati su uspješno potvrđeni u 12:15 sati po srednjoeuropskom vremenu, a prvu sliku helikoptera iznad površine snimili su [[Perseverance (rover)|Perseverance]] Rover i sama Ingenuity.<ref name="Ginny-flight">{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p1KolyCqICI|title=First Flight of the Ingenuity Mars Helicopter: Live from Mission Control|publisher=NASA|via=YouTube|date=19. 4. 2021|access-date=19. 4. 2021|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="MH-status-2902">{{Cite web|url=https://mars.nasa.gov/technology/helicopter/status/290/work-progresses-toward-ingenuity-s-first-flight-on-mars/|title=Work Progresses Toward Ingenuity's First Flight on Mars|date=12. 4. 2021|website=NASA Mars Helicopter Tech Demo|publisher=NASA}}</ref><ref name="Ingenuity passes full speed test">{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/NASA/status/1383221042504638464|title=Mars Helicopter completed full-speed spin test|date=17. 4. 2021|website=Twitter|publisher=NASA|url-status=live|access-date=17. 4. 2021}}</ref><ref name="Tech_Demo">{{Cite web|url=https://mars.nasa.gov/technology/helicopter/#Watch-Online|title=Mars Helicopter Tech Demo|date=18. 4. 2021|website=Watch Online|publisher=[[NASA]]|access-date=18. 4. 2021}}</ref><ref name="MarsDaily">{{Cite web|url=https://www.marsdaily.com/reports/Mars_Ingenuity_flight_scheduled_for_Monday_NASA_says_999.html|title=Mars Ingenuity flight scheduled for Monday, NASA says|last=Mccurdy|first=Christen|date=Apr 17, 2021|website=Mars Daily|publisher=[[ScienceDaily]]|access-date=18. 4. 202106}}</ref>

Očekuje se da će rover voziti otprilike 100 m (330 stopa) od bespilotne letjelice kako bi mu omogućio sigurnu "tampon zonu" u kojoj će pokušati letjeti.<ref name="Universe2018">{{Cite web|url=https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/universe/archive/universe1807.pdf|title=Mars Helicopter a new challenge for flight|date=juli 2018|publisher=NASA|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200101170951/https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/universe/archive/universe1807.pdf|archive-date=1. 1. 2020|url-status=live|access-date=20. 7. 2018}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> Očekuje se da će domišljatost letjeti i do pet puta tokom svoje 30-dnevne probne kampanje predviđene za ranu misiju rovera. Prvenstveno tehnološke demonstracije,<ref name="spacenews 20180504">[http://spacenews.com/decision-expected-soon-on-adding-helicopter-to-mars-2020/ Decision expected soon on adding helicopter to Mars 2020], Jeff Fout, ''SpaceNews'' 4 May 2018</ref> planirano je da svaki let leti na visinama u rasponu od 3–5 m (10-16 stopa) iznad tla, do 90 sekundi svaka. I''Ingenuity'', koja može prijeći i do 50 m (160 stopa) niže, a zatim se vratiti u područje polaska, koristiće autonomnu kontrolu tokom svojih kratkih letova, koje će operatori u Laboratoriju za mlazni pogon (JPL) telerobotski planirati i graditi prema scenariju ). Komunicirat će izravno s roverom Perseverance nakon svakog slijetanja. Lopatice rotora uspješno su otključane 8. aprila 2021. godine, nekoliko dana nakon što se odvojilo od [[Perseverance (rover)|rovera Perseverance]] .<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/nasa-mars-ingenuity-helicopter-perseverance-rover-b1828663.html|title=NASA Unlocks Mars Helicopter’s Rotor Blades Ahead Of Pioneering Ingenuity Flight|first=Andrew|last=Griffith|publisher=The Independent|date=8. 4. 2021|access-date=8. 4. 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.space.com/mars-helicopter-ingenuity-unlocks-rotor-blades|title=Mars helicopter Ingenuity unlocks its rotor blades to prepare for 1st flight on Red Planet|first=Meghan|last=Bartels|publisher=Space.com|date=8. 4. 2021|access-date=8. 4. 2021}}</ref>

Ako ''Ingenuity'' radi kako se očekuje, NASA će nadograditi svoj dizajn kako bi proširila zračnu komponentu budućih misija na Mars. Projekt vodi [[Laboratorija za mlazni pogon|JPL]] MiMi Aung . Ostali suradnici uključuju AeroVironment Inc.,  NASA-in istraživački centar Ames  i NASA-in istraživački centar Langley .

''Ingenuity'' nosi komad platna s krila [[Wright Flyer|letača Wright Flyer]] [[1903.|iz 1903. godine]], aviona [[Braća Wright|braće Wright]], prvog kontroliranog leta na [[Zemlja (planeta)|Zemlji]] .<ref>{{Cite news|last=Potter|first=Sean|date=23. 3. 2021|title=NASA Ingenuity Mars Helicopter Prepares for First Flight|publisher=NASA|url=https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-ingenuity-mars-helicopter-prepares-for-first-flight}}</ref>

== Historija rada ==
''Ingenuity'' je raspoređena [[3. april]]a 2021.<ref name="NASA-20210404">{{Cite web|url=https://mars.nasa.gov/news/8906/nasas-mars-helicopter-survives-first-cold-martian-night-on-its-own/|title=NASA's Mars Helicopter Survives First Cold Martian Night on Its Own|website=Nasa Mars Website}}</ref> Nakon što je rover Perseverance sletio u jezero Crater blizu Octavia E. Butler Sletanje [[18. februar]]a 2021. i uklanjanje otpada [[21. mart]]a 2021.<ref name="NASA-20200623b">{{Cite news|last=Agle|first=D.C.|last2=Hautaluoma|first2=Gray|last3=Johnson|first3=Alana|title=How NASA's Mars Helicopter Will Reach the Red Planet's Surface|url=https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/how-nasas-mars-helicopter-will-reach-the-red-planets-surface|date=23. 6. 2020|publisher=NASA|access-date=23. 2. 2021|archive-date=19. 2. 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210219062523/https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/how-nasas-mars-helicopter-will-reach-the-red-planets-surface}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> Istog dana, mali helikopter uspio je fotografirati površinu Marsa koja je prebačena natrag na Zemlju.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://mars.nasa.gov/resources/25782/ingenuitys-first-color-snap/|title=Ingenuity's First Color Snap|publisher=NASA|date=5. 4. 2021|access-date=8. 4. 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.space.com/mars-helicopter-ingenuity-first-color-photo|title=Mars Helicopter Ingenuity snaps 1st color photo on Red Planet|first=Mike|last=Wall|publisher=Space.com|date=6. 4. 2021|access-date=8. 4. 2021}}</ref> Originalni datum leta ''domišljatosti'' zakazan je za [[11. april]] 2021. godine.

[[8. april]]a ''2021., Ingenuity je'' provela test rotacije rotora pri malim brzinama (misija sol 48), rotirajući pri 50 o / min.<ref name="MEP-resources-25796">{{Cite web|url=https://mars.nasa.gov/resources/25796/ingenuity-begins-to-spin-its-blades/|title=Ingenuity Begins to Spin Its Blades|date=9. 4. 2021|website=NASA's Mars Exploration Program|publisher=NASA}}</ref> Test velike brzine pokušan je 9. aprila, ali nije uspio zbog isteka tajmera, mjere zaštite helikoptera od kvara u nepredviđenim uvjetima.<ref name="MH-status-291">{{Cite web|url=https://mars.nasa.gov/technology/helicopter/status/291/mars-helicopter-flight-delayed-to-no-earlier-than-april-14/|title=Mars Helicopter Flight Delayed to No Earlier than April 14|date=10. 4. 2021|website=NASA Mars Helicopter Tech Demo|publisher=NASA}}</ref> Sljedećeg dana datum je pomaknut na [[14. april]] . [[12. april]]a najavljeno je ažuriranje softvera za rješavanje problema. Nakon uspješnog testa sječiva pri punoj brzini 17. aprila 2021. godine, prvi let Ingenuity-ja bio je zakazan za ponedjeljak, 19. aprila 2021. godine u 8:34 ujutro (CET). Prvi uspješni rezultati leta dogodili su se četiri sata kasnije u prijenosu uživo.
[[File:Sounds-of-Mars_-Helicopter_Flying_on_Mars.ogg|mini|Marsov helikopter ''Ingenuity,'' čuo se kako leti na Marsu na svom četvrtom letu]]

== Lista letova ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Broj
! Datum
(CET)
! Trajanje (s)
! Vrh (m)
! rezultati
|-
|<div style="text-align: center;"> 1 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-to-attempt-first-controlled-flight-on-mars-as-soon-as-monday|title=NASA to Attempt First Controlled Flight on Mars As Soon As Monday|url-status=live}}</ref></div>
|<div style="text-align: center;"> 19. aprila 2021
8:34
</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;"> 39,1</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;"> 3</div>
| '''Uspjeh'''
|-
|<div style="text-align: center;"> 2 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/04/17/world/mars-helicopter-ingenuity-flight-monday-scn-trnd/index.html|title=Mars helicopter's first flight could happen on Monday|website=CNN|url-status=live|quote=Ingenuity could fly four days after the first flight, then three days after the second flight and so on.}}</ref></div>
|<div style="text-align: center;"> 22. aprila 2021
10:33
</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;"> 51,9</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;"> 5,2</div>
| '''Uspjeh'''
|-
|<div style="text-align: center;"> 3</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;"> 25. aprila 2021 
12:31
</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;"> 80</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;"> 5,2</div>
| '''Uspjeh'''
|-
|<div style="text-align: center;"> 4</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;"> 30. aprila 2021
15:49
</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;"> 117</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;"> 5</div>
| '''Uspjeh'''
|-
|<div style="text-align: center;"> 5</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;"> 7. maja 2021
20:26
</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;"> 110</div>
|<div style="text-align: center;"> 10</div>
| '''Planirano'''
|-
|6.
|Svake 2-3 sedmice do kraja augusta<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mars.nasa.gov/news/8936/nasas-ingenuity-helicopter-to-begin-new-demonstration-phase|title=NASA's Ingenuity Helicopter to Begin New Demonstration Phase|last=mars.nasa.gov|website=NASA’s Mars Exploration Program|language=en|access-date=3. 5. 2021}}</ref>
|TBD
|TBD
|'''Planirano'''
|}

== Kraj misije ==
Prvobitno namijenjen za pet letova, rotorkraft je uveliko nadmašio očekivanja i napravio ukupno 72 leta u periodu od oko 3 godine dok ga oštećenje rotora u januaru 2024. nije primoralo na prekid misije.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/after-three-years-on-mars-nasas-ingenuity-helicopter-mission-ends|title=After Three Years on Mars, NASA’s Ingenuity Helicopter Mission Ends|last=https://www.jpl.nasa.gov|website=NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)|language=en-US|access-date=31. 1. 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/pia26243-ingenuity-spots-the-shadow-of-its-damaged-rotor-blade|title=Ingenuity Spots the Shadow of Its Damaged Rotor Blade|last=https://www.jpl.nasa.gov|website=NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)|language=en-US|access-date=31. 1. 2024}}</ref>

Helikopter ''Ingenuity'' je trajno prizemljen nakon oštećenja najmanje jednog vrha rotora na letu 72. Vjeruje se da je šteta nastala zbog autonomne navigacijske greške u području dina.<ref name="SPC-20240125">{{Cite news|last=Wall|first=Mike|title='It's sort of been invincible until this moment:' Mars helicopter Ingenuity pilot says 'bland' terrain may have doomed NASA chopper - The sandy landscape offered few points of navigational reference for Ingenuity.|url=https://www.space.com/ingenuity-mars-helicopter-doomed-bland-terrain|date=25. 1. 2024|work=[[Space.com]]|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240131120401/https://www.space.com/ingenuity-mars-helicopter-doomed-bland-terrain|archive-date=31. 1. 2024|access-date=31. 1. 2024}}</ref>  Dana 25. januara 2024., NASA-in administrator, [[Bill Nelson]], objavio je kraj misije.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nasa.gov/news-release/after-three-years-on-mars-nasas-ingenuity-helicopter-mission-ends/|title=After Three Years on Mars, NASA’s Ingenuity Helicopter Mission Ends - NASA|language=en-US|access-date=31. 1. 2024}}</ref>  Timu ''Ingenuityja'' preostalo je da izvrši testove helikopterskih sistema i preuzme preostale podatke, prije konačnog okončanja misije.

== Reference ==
{{Refspisak}}

[[Kategorija:Helikopteri]]
[[Kategorija:NASA]]
[[Kategorija:Istraživanje Marsa]]
[[Kategorija:Trenutni događaji]]