View source for MV Tygra

{{short description|Container vessel famously attacked by pirates in 2009}}
{{For|the hijacking of this ship| Maersk Alabama hijacking{{!}}''Maersk Alabama'' hijacking}}

{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
| Ship image = [[File:Container ship MV Maersk Alabama.jpg|300px|''Maersk Alabama'' leaving Mombasa, Kenya, April 21, 2009.]]
| Ship caption = ''Maersk Alabama'' leaving [[Mombasa]], [[Kenya]], April 21, 2009.
}}
{{Infobox ship career
| Hide header = 
| Ship flag = [[File:Flag of Liberia.svg|border|100x35px]]
| Ship name = *''Alva Maersk'' (1998–2004)
*''Maersk Alabama'' (2004–2015) <ref name="Miramar"/>
*''Maersk Andaman'' (2015–2016)
*''Tygra'' (2016–present)
| Ship owner = * [[Maersk|A.P. Moller-Maersk Group]] (1998–2016)
* Element Shipmanagement SA (2016–present)
| Ship operator = * [[Maersk Line]] (1998–2004) 
* Maersk Line Limited (2004–2015)
* Maersk Line (2015–2016)
* [[Waterman Steamship Corporation]] (2016–Present)
| Ship registry = *{{flagdeco|Denmark|size=23px}} [[Denmark]] (1998–2004)
*{{flagdeco|United States|size=23px}} [[Norfolk, Virginia|Norfolk]], [[Virginia]], [[United States|U.S.]] (2004–2015)<ref name="Factsheet">{{cite web|url= http://www.maersk.com/Press/NewsAndPressReleases/Pages/APMM080409.aspx|title= Maersk Alabama fact sheet|publisher= Maersk Press Release|access-date= April 10, 2009|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110426075622/http://www.maersk.com/Press/NewsAndPressReleases/Pages/APMM080409.aspx|archive-date= April 26, 2011|url-status= dead}}</ref>
* {{flagdeco|Singapore|civil|size=23px}} [[Singapore]] (2015–2016)
*{{flagdeco|Liberia|size=23px}} [[Monrovia]], [[Liberia]] (2016–present)
| Ship ordered = 1989
| Ship builder = [[CSBC Corporation, Taiwan|China Shipbuilding Corporation]]<ref name="containerinfo">{{cite web|url=http://containerinfo.co.ohost.de/vessel_9164263.html |title=Maersk Alabama |publisher=Container-Info |access-date=April 8, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090101124607/http://containerinfo.co.ohost.de/vessel_9164263.html |archive-date=January 1, 2009 }}</ref> [[Keelung]], [[Republic of China|Taiwan]]<ref name="Miramar"/>
| Ship original cost = 
| Ship yard number = 676<ref name="containerinfo"/>
| Ship way number = 
| Ship laid down = 
| Ship launched = 5 September 1998
| Ship completed = 1998<ref name="containerinfo"/>
| Ship christened = 
| Ship acquired = 
| Ship maiden voyage = 1998
| Ship in service = 1998–present
| Ship out of service = 
| Ship status = In active service
| Ship homeport = [[Monrovia]], Liberia
| Ship identification = {{IMO Number|9164263}}<ref name="containerinfo"/>
| Ship notes = 
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
| Ship class = A-Class
| Ship type = [[Container ship]]
| Ship tonnage = *{{DWT|17,375}}
*{{GT|14,120}}<ref name="Miramar"/>
| Ship displacement = 
| Ship length = *{{convert|155|m|ftin|abbr=on}} [[length overall|LOA]]<ref name="Miramar">{{csr|register=MSI|id=9164263|access-date=April 8, 2009}}</ref>
*{{convert|145.80|m|ftin}} [[length between perpendiculars|LBP]]<ref name="Miramar"/>
| Ship beam = {{convert|25.30|m|ftin|abbr=on}}<ref name="Miramar"/>
| Ship height = 
| Ship draught = 
| Ship depth = 
| Ship decks = 
| Ship deck clearance = 
| Ship ramps = 
| Ship ice class = 
| Ship power = 
| Ship propulsion = 1 Hitachi-Man 7S50 MC-C<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.intship.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/Specs_MaerskAlabama.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2016-08-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111218161309/http://www.intship.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/Specs_MaerskAlabama.pdf |archive-date=2011-12-18 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| Ship capacity = {{TEU|1,092}}<ref name="containerinfo"/>
| Ship crew = 21-31
| Ship speed = 24–25 kn
}}
|}

'''MV ''Tygra''''' (formerly '''MV ''Maersk Alabama''''') is a [[container ship]] currently operated by the [[Waterman Steamship Corporation]] and owned by Element Shipmanagement SA of [[Piraeus]], Greece. She was previously owned by the [[Maersk|A.P. Moller-Maersk Group]] and operated by [[Maersk Line]] and Maersk Line Limited.<ref>{{cite web|date= April 8, 2009|url= http://sea-fever.org/2009/04/08/high-drama-high-stakes-high-seas-the-maersk-alabama-pirate-attack/|title= High Drama, High Stakes, High Seas – The Maersk Alabama Pirate Attack|publisher= SeaFever
}}</ref>

It had a light-blue hull and a beige superstructure like all Maersk vessels, regardless of their flag of registry.<ref>{{cite news|title=Shipping Companies (Denmark)|url=http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/dk~hfa.html#apmol|access-date=2009-04-09|publisher=CRW Flags' Online Catalog}}</ref> It was [[Maersk Alabama hijacking|hijacked]] by [[Piracy in Somalia|pirates]] near [[Somalia]] in 2009 and its crew held hostage. Four additional unsuccessful hijacking attempts were made in 2009, 2010, and 2011.

==History==

''Alva Maersk'' was built by [[China Shipbuilding Corporation]], [[Keelung]], [[Taiwan]] at yard number 676 and launched in 1998.<ref>{{cite web
|date= April 11, 2009
|url= http://www.eaglespeak.us/2009/04/somali-pirates-lawfare-maersk-alabama.html
|title= Lawfare – Maersk Alabama a crime scene
|publisher= EagleSpeak
}}</ref> As ''Alva Maersk'', It was flagged to [[Denmark]]. In 2004, ''Alva Maersk''  was renamed ''Maersk Alabama''<ref name=Miramar/> and reflagged to the [[United States]], with its operator, Maersk Line, Limited, based in [[Norfolk, Virginia]].<ref name="Factsheet"/> It has been involved in seven incidents and was employed on Maersk Line's East Africa 4 service. Its regular route was from [[Mombasa, Kenya]] to [[Salalah]], [[Oman]], to [[Djibouti]], and then returning to Mombasa.<ref name="Factsheet"/>

===2004 detention===
In 2004, the ship was detained in Kuwait after becoming the victim of an apparent fraud scheme. According to papers filed by the [[A. P. Moller-Maersk Group]] with the [[United States District Court for the Southern District of New York]] in 2005, [[Kuwait]]-based expatriates scammed the Group out of millions of dollars. Low-value goods were allegedly shipped under the guise of fraudulent, high-value [[bill of lading|bills of lading]]. Maersk was subsequently sued for losing goods that had never existed. Those allegedly behind the scheme were able to detain ''Alva Maersk'' in Kuwait as [[Collateral (finance)|collateral]]. The ship was released in April 2004 after the [[A. P. Moller-Maersk Group]] was forced to put up $1.86&nbsp;million as collateral.<ref name=Scam>{{cite news|title=Maersk A-Class |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/ship/maersk-a.htm |access-date=2009-04-09|publisher=GlobalSecurity.org}}</ref>

=== April 2009 attempted pirate seizure===
{{Main|Maersk Alabama hijacking}}
On April 7, 2009, the [[United States Maritime Administration|U.S. Maritime Administration]], following [[NATO]] advisories, released a Somalia Gulf of Aden advisory to mariners recommending ships to stay at least {{convert|600|nmi|km mi|lk=in}} off the coast of Somalia. On April 8, 2009, four [[Piracy in Somalia|Somali pirates]] boarded ''Maersk Alabama'' when it was located {{convert|240|nmi|km mi|abbr=on}} southeast of the Somalia port city of [[Eyl]].<ref>{{cite news
|date= April 9, 2009
|last= Sanders
|first= Edmund
|author2=Barnes, Julian E.
|url= https://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-somali-pirates9-2009apr09,0,4104857.story
|title= Somalia pirates hold U.S. captain
|work= [[Los Angeles Times]]
|access-date= April 12, 2009
}}</ref> With a crew of 20, the ship was en route to [[Mombasa]], [[Kenya]]. The ship was carrying 17,000 [[metric ton]]s of cargo, of which 5,000 metric tons were relief supplies bound for Somalia, Uganda, and Kenya.<ref name=BBC7989474>{{cite news|title=Somali pirates hijack Danish ship |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7989474.stm|date= 2009-04-08|access-date= 2009-04-08|publisher=BBC News}}</ref><ref name=CNN>{{cite news|title=Ship carrying 20 Americans believed hijacked off Somalia |url=http://www.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/04/08/ship.hijacked/index.html|date= 2009-04-09|access-date= 2009-04-09|publisher=CNN}}</ref>
[[File:Surveillance photo of Maersk Alabama lifeboat, hijacked by pirates 090409-N-0000X-926.jpg|left|thumb|upright|The 28-foot lifeboat where [[Richard Phillips (captain)|Captain Richard Phillips]] and the four Somali pirates were held up as seen from a U.S. Navy [[Boeing ScanEagle|Scan Eagle UAV]].]]
[[File:Maersk Alabama Lifeboat for Navy SEAL Rescue of Captain Phillips.png|left|thumb|upright|The ''Maersk Alabama'' lifeboat on which Captain Phillips was held hostage by Somali pirates in 2009 is on display at the [[National Navy UDT-SEAL Museum]].]]

According to Chief Engineer Mike Perry, the engineers sank the pirate speedboat shortly after the boarding by continuously swinging the rudder of ''Maersk Alabama'' thus [[scuttling]] the smaller boat.<ref>{{cite news |title=Crewman's e-mail gives harrowing details of hijacking|url=http://www.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/04/16/somalia.hijacked.ship.email/index.html|publisher=CNN|access-date=6 July 2010 | date=April 20, 2009}}</ref> As the pirates were boarding the ship, the crew members locked themselves in the engine room<ref name="ABC"/> while the captain and two other crew members remained on the bridge. The engineers then took control of the ship from down below, rendering the bridge controls useless. The pirates were thus unable to control the ship. The crew later used "brute force" to overpower one of the pirates,<ref name="ABC"/> [[Abduwali Muse]], and free one of the hostages, Abu Thair Mohd Zahid Reza. Frustrated, the pirates decided to leave the ship, taking Phillips to a lifeboat as their bargaining chip. The crew attempted to exchange this captured pirate, whom they had kept tied up for twelve hours,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7991114.stm |title=Africa &#124; FBI in hostage talks with Somalis |publisher=BBC News |date=2009-04-09 |quote=According to second mate Ken Quinn, the crew managed to capture one of the pirates and keep him tied up for 12 hours |access-date=2009-04-09}}</ref> for Captain Phillips. The captured pirate was released, but the pirates refused to release Phillips in exchange. Since the battery had died on the open-air boat, they left in the ship's covered lifeboat, taking Phillips with them.<ref>[http://entertainment.time.com/2013/10/12/movie-fact-check-captain-phillips/ The True Tale of Captain Phillips] ''Time'', 12 October 2013. Retrieved 12 November 2014.</ref> The lifeboat carried ten days of food rations, water, and basic survival supplies.<ref name="MC">{{cite news | title=Cargo ship heads for Kenya | date=2009-04-08 | url =http://www.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/04/09/ship.hijacked/index.html | work=CNN| access-date = 2009-04-09}}</ref>
On April 8, the destroyer {{USS|Bainbridge|DDG-96|6}} and the frigate {{USS|Halyburton|FFG-40|6}} were dispatched to the [[Gulf of Aden]] in response to a hostage situation, and reached ''Maersk Alabama'' early on April 9.<ref name="NPR040909">{{cite news|date=April 9, 2009 |url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=102902163 |title=U.S. Warship Shadows Somali Pirates With Hostage |agency=Associated Press |access-date=April 12, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090411004547/http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=102902163 |archive-date=April 11, 2009 }}</ref> ''Maersk Alabama'' then departed from the area with an armed escort, towards her original destination in Mombasa, Kenya, with the vessel's [[Chief Mate]] Shane Murphy in charge.<ref name="ABC">{{cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/story?id=7296164&page=1 |title=American Captain 'Unharmed' in Lifeboat – ABC News |publisher=Abcnews.go.com |date=2009-04-09 |access-date=2012-06-19}}</ref> On Saturday, April 11, ''Maersk Alabama'' arrived in the port of  [[Mombasa, Kenya]], still under U.S. military escort, where C/M Murphy was relieved by Captain Larry Aasheim, who had previously been captain of '' Maersk Alabama'' until Richard Phillips relieved him eight days before the pirate attack. An 18-man marine security team was on board.<ref name="NPR040909" /> The [[FBI]] secured the ship as a crime scene.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.reuters.com/article/marketsNews/idUSN1134689120090412?pageNumber=2&virtualBrandChannel=10112 | work=Reuters | title=WRAPUP 10-U.S. Navy rescues captain, kills Somali pirates | date=April 12, 2009}}</ref>

Meanwhile, a standoff had begun on April 9 between ''Bainbridge'' and the pirates in ''Maersk Alabama's'' lifeboat, where they continued to hold Captain Phillips hostage.<ref>{{cite web
|date= April 9, 2009
|url= https://www.pbs.org/newshour/updates/africa/jan-june09/somalia_04-09.html
|title= Pirates Hold American Captain Hostage; Negotiations Continue for Release
|publisher= [[The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer]]
|access-date= April 12, 2009
}}</ref> Three days later, on Sunday, April 12, Navy marksmen opened fire and killed the three pirates on the lifeboat, and Phillips was rescued in good condition.<ref name="CNN04120901" /><ref name="BBC041209" /> ''Bainbridge'' captain [[Frank Castellano|Commander Frank Castellano]], with prior authorization from [[President of the United States|U.S. President]] [[Barack Obama]], ordered the action after determining that Phillips' life was in immediate danger, based on reports that a pirate was pointing an [[AK-47]] assault rifle at his back.<ref>{{cite news
|date= April 12, 2009
|url= http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2009/apr/12/official-us-sea-captain-faced-imminent-danger-1/
|title= Official: US sea captain faced imminent danger
|agency= Associated Press
|access-date= 31 March 2014
}}</ref><ref>{{cite news
 |date=April 12, 2009 
 |last=Mikkelsen 
 |first=Randall 
 |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/marketsNews/idUSN1233162120090412 
 |title=US acted after pirates aimed at ship captain 
 |publisher=Reuters 
 |access-date=April 12, 2009 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090415084700/http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5gSXyAok3YrJTZLKD31SAjC9pfvkgD97H4J581
 |archive-date=April 15, 2009
 |url-status=dead
}}</ref><ref>{{cite news
|date= April 13, 2009
|url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7996087.stm
|title= US captain rescued from pirates
|publisher= BBC News
|access-date= April 13, 2009
}}</ref> [[United States Navy SEAL|U.S. Navy SEAL]] [[sniper]]s on ''Bainbridge'''s [[Fantail (ship)|fantail]] opened fire, killing the three pirates with bullets to the head.<ref>[http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/04/12/somalia.pirates/index.html Hostage captain rescued; Navy snipers kill 3 pirates] [[CNN]], April 12, 2009</ref> One of the three slain was later identified as Ali Aden Elmi.<ref name="Hassan">{{cite news |first=Abdiqani |last= Hassan|title=Somali Pirate Families Ask for U.S. Pardon |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/domesticNews/idUSTRE53L2Z520090422 |work=[[Reuters]]|date=2009-04-22|access-date=22 April 2009 }}</ref> A fourth pirate, [[Abduwali Muse]], aboard the ''Bainbridge'' and negotiating for Phillips' release while being treated for an injury sustained in the takeover of ''Maersk Alabama'', surrendered and was taken into custody.<ref name="CNN04120901">{{cite news
|date= April 12, 2009
|last= Verjee
|first= Zain
|author-link= Zain Verjee
|author2=Starr, Barbara
|url= http://www.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/04/12/somalia.pirates/index.html
|title= Captain jumps overboard, SEALs shoot pirates, official says
|publisher= CNN
|access-date= April 12, 2009
}}</ref><ref name="BBC041209">{{cite news
|date= April 12, 2009
|url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7996087.stm
|title= US captain held by pirates freed
|publisher= BBC News
|access-date= April 14, 2009
}}</ref> Muse's parents asked that he be pardoned because he was either 15 or 16 years old at the time of the incident, but in court, it was ruled that he was not a juvenile and would be tried as an adult.<ref name="Hassan"/> He pleaded guilty to piracy charges and was sentenced to over 33 years in prison.<ref name="Hassan"/><ref>{{cite news |title= Somali pirate sentenced to 33 years in US prison |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-12486129 |agency= BBC News |date= 16 February 2011 |access-date= 16 February 2011}}</ref>

The actual lifeboat in which Captain Phillips was held hostage is now on display at the National Navy UDT-SEAL Museum in Ft. Pierce, FL.<ref>{{cite web |title=Maersk Alabama Lifeboat |url=https://www.navysealmuseum.org/maersk-alabama |website=National Navy UDT-SEAL Museum |access-date=22 February 2023}}</ref> An example of the Scan Eagle [[UAV]] used to monitor the crisis is also on display.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://navysealmuseum.com/home-to-artifacts-from-the-secret-world-of-naval-special-warfare/unmanned-aerial-vehicle-uav-scan-eagle/|title=Scan Eagle - National Navy UDT-SEAL Museum}}</ref> ''[[Captain Phillips (film)|Captain Phillips]]'', a film based on the hijacking, was released in 2013.

===November 2009 pirate attack===
At 6:30{{nbsp}}a.m. on November 18, 2009, ''Maersk Alabama'' was reportedly sailing some {{convert|350|nmi|km}} east of Somalia when she was fired upon by four pirates wielding automatic weapons and traveling in a skiff.<ref name="nyt">{{cite news|first=Alan|last=Cowell|title=Pirates Attack Maersk Alabama Again|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/19/world/africa/19pirates.html|work=The New York Times|date=November 18, 2009|access-date=November 18, 2009}}</ref><ref name=x>
{{cite news
| url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2009-11-18-somali-pirates-us_N.htm?obref=obnetwork
| title=Maersk Alabama thwarts Somali pirate attack
| publisher=[[USA Today]]
| date=2009-11-18
| access-date=2010-04-07
}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Sarah |last=Childress |title=Maersk Alabama Evades Second Pirate Attack |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB125854541908353475?mod=googlenews_wsj |publisher=The Wall Street Journal |date=November 18, 2009 |access-date=November 18, 2009}}</ref> The assault failed after guards on the ship responded with small arms fire and [[sonic weapon|acoustical weapons]].<ref>{{cite news |title=U.S. ship thwarts second pirate attack |url=http://www.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/11/18/maersk.alabama.pirates/index.html |publisher=CNN |date=November 18, 2009 |access-date=November 18, 2009}}</ref> Afterward, a [[Djibouti]]-based patrol plane flew to the scene, and an EU ship searched the area.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pirates strike same US ship again |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8366097.stm |publisher=BBC News |date=November 18, 2009 |access-date=November 18, 2009}}</ref>

===September 2010 suspicious approach of pirate skiff===
On 29{{nbsp}}September 2010, the vessel was targeted by Somali pirates wielding AK-47s. The security forces on board ''Maersk Alabama'' repelled a skiff with five pirates approximately {{convert|1530|km}} east of Somalia. The incident went unreported by the media until November 2010.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://articles.cnn.com/2010-11-22/world/maersk.alabama.targeted.again_1_maersk-alabama-somali-pirates-somali-coast?_s=PM:WORLD |title=Pirates set sights on Maersk Alabama again, maritime group says |author=Fitzpatrick, David |date=22 November 2010 |publisher=CNN |access-date=15 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101223062157/http://articles.cnn.com/2010-11-22/world/maersk.alabama.targeted.again_1_maersk-alabama-somali-pirates-somali-coast?_s=PM:WORLD |archive-date=23 December 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== March 2011 attempted hijacking ===

On 8{{nbsp}}March 2011, Somali pirates again targeted the vessel.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://blog.al.com/live/2011/03/maersk_alabama_targeted_again.html|title= Maersk Alabama targeted again by Somali pirates, CNN reports
|date= 9 March 2011|access-date=9 March 2011}}</ref>  A security force on board the ''Maersk Alabama'' fired warning shots and turned the suspects away.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/03/09/somalia.pirates.maersk/index.html|title= Pirates target the Maersk Alabama again|date= 9 March 2011|publisher= CNN|access-date=9 March 2011}}</ref>

=== May 2011 attempted hijacking===

At midnight on 14{{nbsp}}May 2011, while transiting westbound in the internationally recognized corridor, ''Maersk Alabama'' was approached by a skiff of five pirates on the starboard stern. After turning to follow the ship's wake, the skiff quickly closed in to {{convert|30|m|ft}}, preparing to board via a hook ladder, at which point the embarked security team fired two shots into the skiff. The skiff quickly broke off, losing radar contact after 10 minutes.<ref name=Bridgedeck>{{cite web |url=http://www.bridgedeck.org/mmp_news.html#anchor838842 |title=SECURITY TEAM ABOARD MAERSK ALABAMA REPELS PIRATE ATTACK |publisher=Bridgdeck |access-date=17 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611234424/http://www.bridgedeck.org/mmp_news.html#anchor838842 |archive-date=11 June 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== February 2014 deaths of two security contractors===

On 19 February 2014, it was reported that two former Navy SEALs working as security contractors aboard the Maersk Alabama for the private security firm Trident Group were found dead aboard the container ship a day after it docked at Port Victoria, Seychelles.<ref name=Fox2014-02-19/> Seychelles police officials reported that the autopsy found the cause of death to be "respiratory failure, with suspicion of [[myocardial infarction]] (heart attack)." The presence of a syringe and traces of heroin in the cabin led to a suspicion of drug use.<ref name=Cnn2014-20-26/> In April, following receipt of a toxicology report which found alcohol in the men's blood, police confirmed that death had been caused by consumption of [[alcohol (drug)|alcohol]] and [[heroin]].<ref name=CNN290414/><ref name=MaritimeExecutive/> As of 2018, the criminal investigation results in Seychelles had not yet been disclosed to the public.<ref name=CNN290414 /> Seychelles law enforcement released the vessel on February 24.<ref name=Bbc2014-02-24/> Both Maersk and Trident officially prohibit drug use on board their ships.<ref name=NYTimes2014-02-26/>

== See also ==
*[[Combined Task Force 150]] and [[Combined Task Force 151]], coalition counter-piracy operations in the region.
*''[[Dai Hong Dan]]'', a similar incident involving the hijacking of a North Korean ship.
*[[Joint Special Operations Command]].
*[[MV Samho Jewelry|MV ''Samho Jewelry'']], another hijacking involved in a similar rescue operation by South Korean forces.
*[[Operation Atalanta]], a campaign of the European Union to stop piracy off the Somali coast.
*''[[A Hijacking]]'', a 2012 Danish film about the ''Maersk Alabama'' hijacking
*[[Captain Phillips (film)|''Captain Phillips'']], a 2013 film starring [[Tom Hanks]] about the ''Maersk Alabama'' hijacking
*[[Piracy in Somalia]]

== Notes ==
{{reflist
|colwidth=30em <!-- Single-column mode only, please, due to excessive-length URLs overlapping and making section unreadable at practically all screen resolutions -->
refs=
<ref name=Fox2014-02-19>
{{cite news 
| url         = https://www.foxnews.com/us/2-former-navy-seals-found-dead-aboard-ship-at-center-of-captain-phillips-saga/| title       = 2 former Navy SEALs found dead aboard ship at center of 'Captain Phillips' saga
| publisher   = [[Fox News]]
| date        = 2014-02-19
| archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20140625195253/http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/02/19/2-american-contractors-found-dead-aboard-ship-featured-in-movie-captain-philips/
| archive-date = 2014-06-25
| access-date  = 2014-10-23
| url-status     = live 
| quote       = Details of the contractors' deaths remain unclear, but they were not on watch and did not die while performing a security operation, Tom Rothrauff, the president of the Trident Group, said. He said an initial assessment of the scene did not suggest any foul play.
}}
</ref>
<ref name=Cnn2014-20-26>
{{cite news 
| url         = http://www.cnn.com/2014/02/26/world/asia/deaths-captain-phillips-ship/index.html
| title       = Mystery shrouds 'Captain Phillips' ship deaths
| publisher   = [[CNN]]
| author      = Elizabeth Landau
| date        = 2014-02-26
| archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20141008232637/http://www.cnn.com/2014/02/26/world/asia/deaths-captain-phillips-ship/index.html
| archive-date=2014-10-08
| access-date  = 2014-10-23
| url-status     = live 
| quote       = Seychelles police say the autopsy found the cause of death to be "respiratory failure, with suspicion of myocardial infarction (heart attack)." The presence of a syringe and traces of heroin in the cabin have led to a suspicion of drug use, police said.
}}
</ref>
<ref name=CNN290414>
{{cite news
| last=Brumfield
| first=Ben
| title=Police: Heroin, alcohol at fault in death of security officers on 'Captain Philips' ship
| url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/04/29/world/africa/seychelles-maersk-security-deaths/
| access-date=1 May 2014
| archive-date  = 2014-05-02
| archive-url   = https://web.archive.org/web/20140502001044/http://edition.cnn.com/2014/04/29/world/africa/seychelles-maersk-security-deaths/
| url-status = live
| newspaper= [[CNN]]
| date=29 April 2014
| quote = Police said toxicologists in Mauritius found alcohol in the blood of Jeffrey Reynolds, 44, and Mark Kennedy, 43, who both suffered respiratory failure and heart attacks. Foul play was ruled out. <!-- 
A police statement on the lab report did not mention whether the two former Navy SEALS tasked with ship security had heroin in their blood. But it did cite heroin consumption as a cause of death, along with alcohol. The drug was found with their bodies on the ship on February 18. -->
}}
</ref>
<ref name=MaritimeExecutive>
{{cite news
| title = Drugs Responsible for Maersk Alabama Deaths
| url = http://www.maritime-executive.com/article/Drugs-Responsible-for-Maersk-Alabama-Deaths-2014-04-30/
| access-date = 1 May 2014
| newspaper = [[Maritime Executive]]
| date = 30 April 2014 <!-- Apparently does not accept archiving... -->
}}
</ref>
<ref name=Bbc2014-02-24>
{{cite news 
| url         = https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-26331920
| title       = Heart attack and respiratory failure in Maersk deaths
| publisher   = [[BBC News]]
| date        = 2014-02-24
| archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20141023154201/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-26331920
| archive-date = 2014-10-23
| url-status     = live 
| quote       = Mark Daniel Kennedy, 43, and Jeffrey Keith Reynolds, 44, were found dead on 18 February as the ship was berthed in Port Victoria, the capital of the Indian Ocean island nation of Seychelles. <!-- 
Both men were employed by the US-based Trident Group, which was founded in 2000 by former US Navy Seal commandos and recruits former special forces operatives. -->
}}
</ref>
<ref name=NYTimes2014-02-26>
{{cite news 
| url         = https://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/26/world/africa/hired-to-fight-pirates-but-doomed-by-boredom.html
| title       = Hired to Fight Pirates, but Doomed by Boredom
| work   = [[New York Times]]
| author      = [[Nicholas Kulish]], Ian Urbina, [[Mark Mazzetti]], Jeremy Alford, Christopher Drew, Kristina Rebelo, Susan Beachy, Kitty Bennett
| date        = 2014-02-26
| page        = A1
| location    = [[Victoria, Seychelles]]
| archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20140710183535/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/26/world/africa/hired-to-fight-pirates-but-doomed-by-boredom.html
| archive-date = 2014-07-10
| access-date  = 2014-10-23
| url-status     = live 
| quote       = While veterans, especially those returning from war zones, have shown a high prevalence of substance abuse and other risky behaviors, friends, family and acquaintances of the two men said they seemed to have adjusted well to civilian life after years in the military. They were known as much for their zest for life as their hulking physiques.
}}
</ref>
}}

==External links==
{{wikinews|US crew retakes ship hijacked by pirates; captain held hostage}}
{{wikinews|Somali pirates attack US-flagged ship, vessel evades capture}}
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7KZqu7qrxAQ Hijackers on Cargo Ship: 'They Ran' – Associated Press] on ''[[YouTube]]''
*[https://abcnews.go.com/video/playerIndex?id=7291604 U.S. Crew Re-Captures Ship From Pirates] at ''[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]''

{{Piracy in Somalia}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tygra}}
[[Category:Maritime incidents in 2009]]
[[Category:Merchant ships of the United States]]
[[Category:Piracy in Somalia]]
[[Category:Ships of the Maersk Line]]
[[Category:1998 ships]]
[[Category:Humanitarian aid]]
[[Category:CSBC Corporation, Taiwan ships]]