View source for Nguyễn Phan Long

{{Short description|Prime Minister of the State of Vietnam in 1950}}
{{family name hatnote|Nguyễn|Long|Nguyen|lang=Vietnamese}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Nguyễn Phan Long
| image               = Nguyễn Phan Long in 1950.jpg
| caption             = Long in [[Hanoi]] (1950)
| office              = 2nd [[Leaders of South Vietnam#Prime Ministers|Prime Minister of the State of Vietnam]]
| term_start          = 20 January 1950
| term_end            = 7 May 1950
| deputy              = [[Phan Huy Quát]]
| 1blankname          = Head of State
| 1namedata           = Bảo Đại
| predecessor         = [[Bảo Đại]]
| successor           = [[Trần Văn Hữu]]
| office2             = [[Minister of Foreign Affairs (South Vietnam)|Minister of Foreign Affairs of the State of Vietnam]]
| term_start2         = 1 July 1949
| term_end2           = 1 May 1950
| primeminister2      = {{ubl|Bảo Đại|Himself}}
| predecessor2        = ''Position established''
| successor2          = Trần Văn Hữu
| birth_date          = 1888
| birth_place         = [[Saigon]], [[Cochinchina]], [[French Indochina]]
| death_date          = 16 July 1960 (aged 72)
| death_place         = [[Saigon]], [[South Vietnam]]
| party               = Constitutional Party
| spouse              = Trần Thị Nguyên
| alma_mater          = [[Lycée Albert Sarraut]]
| profession          = {{ubl|Journalist|Politician}}
}}
'''Nguyễn Phan Long''' (1888 – 16 July 1960)<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/tudienvanhoc_bomoi_2004/page/1175/ |title=Từ điển Văn học (Bộ mới) |publisher=Thế giới |year=2004 |pages=1176 |language=vi}}</ref> was a Vietnamese journalist and politician who served as [[Leaders of South Vietnam#Prime Ministers of the Republic of Vietnam|Prime Minister of the State of Vietnam]] from January to May in 1950. He was dismissed by the Head of State [[Bảo Đại]] under pressure from the French colonial authorities, who resented his [[pro-American]] and nationalist attitude.<ref>Ellen J. Hammer, [https://books.google.com/books?id=GZeaAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA273 Struggle for Indochina, 1940-1955], Stanford University Press, 1955
{{ISBN|978-0-8047-0458-8}}, pp. 273-274</ref>

==Early life and career==
He was born in 1889<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Phương Lan Bùi Thế M |url=https://tusachtiengviet.com/images/file/4dT_M5TF1QgQAF8E/nha-cach-mang-nguyen-an-ninh.pdf |title=Nhà cách-mạng Nguyễn An Ninh: thân thế và sự nghiệp |year=1970 |location=[[Saigon]] |language=vi |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220919123835/https://tusachtiengviet.com/images/file/4dT_M5TF1QgQAF8E/nha-cach-mang-nguyen-an-ninh.pdf |archive-date=2022-09-19 |url-status=dead}}</ref> (or 1888) in North Vietnam ([[Hanoi]]<ref name=":1" /> or [[Nam Định|Nam Dinh]]<ref name=":0" />) to a South Vietnamese family. He was sent to Hanoi to be educated at the [[Lycée Albert Sarraut]], afterward, he returned to Saigon to work as a high school teacher and a journalist. In 1917 he worked for the ''La Tribune Indigène'' and in 1920, he founded the liberal newspaper ''L'Écho Annamite'', in which he worked with the (Eurasian) Vietnamese nationalist [[Eugène Dejean de la Bâtie]],<ref>{{in lang|fr}} Vĩnh Đào, [http://chimviet.free.fr/lichsu/chung/vids051.htm Quelques notes sur Eugène Dejean de la Batie]</ref> friend of [[André Malraux]]. During his time as a journalist, Long would write about spiritualism and the Vietnamese religion [[Caodaism]].<ref>{{in lang|fr}} Gustave Meillon, [http://francais.caodai.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=62:Le%20Caoda%C3%AFsme%20(3)&catid=37:histoire_philosophie&Itemid=63 Le Caodaïsme - 3]</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pdAZBQAAQBAJ&dq=nguyen+phan+long&pg=PA202 | title=Historical Dictionary of Ho Chi Minh City |date=2014 | first=Justin | last=Corfield| publisher=Anthem Press | isbn=9781783083336 }}</ref>
 
===Political career===
In the 1920s–1930s, he was the deputy leader of the Parti Constitutionnaliste Indochinois, a nationalist party founded in 1923 and led by [[Bui Quang Chiêu]].<ref>{{in lang|fr}} Đình Thảo Trịnh, Dinh Khai Trinh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=lgnZTUPxIZsC&pg=PA45 Décolonisation du Viêt Nam: un avocat témoigne], Editions L'Harmattan, 1994, {{ISBN|978-2-7384-2368-9}}, p. 45</ref> He was elected as colonial councillor.

He was elected in 1936 as president of the ''Congrès Universel des Sectes Caodaïques'', an attempted unified caodai movement, which eventually failed.<ref>{{in lang|fr}} Gustave Meillon, [http://francais.caodai.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=46:Le%20Caoda%C3%AFsme%20(1)&catid=37:histoire_philosophie&Itemid=63 Le Caodaïsme - 1]</ref>

After 1945, he was Minister of Foreign Affairs and Minister of Interior as well as editor of ''L'Écho du Vietnam''.

==Personal life and death==
He was an ardent follower of Caodaism and spoke fluent French.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BS3abW9tITAC&dq=nguyen+phan+long&pg=PA43| title=Report on Indochina: Report of Mike Mansfield on a Study Mission to Vietnam, Cambodia [and] Laos |date=1954 | work= United States Congress | last1=Mansfield | first1=Mike }}</ref> He was married to Trần Thị Nguyên.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PbEHoV0b_6QC | title=The Birth of Vietnamese Political Journalism: Saigon, 1916-1930 |date=May 2012 | first=Philippe | last=Peycam| publisher=Columbia University Press | isbn=9780231528047 }}</ref> He died in Saigon on 16 July 1960 at the age of 71.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1960/07/19/archives/nguyen-phan-long-dies-at-72-first-vietnam-premier-in-1950.html|title=Nguyen Phan Long Dies at 72; First Vietnam Premier in 1950|date=July 19, 1960|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 24, 2023}}</ref>

==Sources==
{{Reflist}}

see also:
*R. B. Smith, "Bui Quang Chiêu and the Constitutionalist Party in French Cochinchina, 1917–30", ''[[Modern Asian Studies]]'' (1969), 3:131-150 Cambridge University Press
*Micheline R. Lessard, "Organisons-nous! Racial Antagonism and Vietnamese Economic Nationalism in the Early Twentieth Century", ''[[French Colonial History]]'' – Volume 8, 2007, pp.&nbsp;171–201
*Christopher E. Goscha, "Widening the Colonial Encounter: Asian Connections Inside French Indochina During the Interwar Period", ''[[Modern Asian Studies]]'' (Published online by Cambridge University Press) 16 Oct 2008 ([http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?aid=2457896 abstract])

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{{succession box|title=[[Leaders of South Vietnam#Prime Ministers of the Republic of Vietnam|Prime Minister of the State of Vietnam]]|before=[[Bảo Đại]]|after=[[Trần Văn Hữu]]|years=1950}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Nguyễn, Phan Long}}
[[Category:1889 births]]
[[Category:1960 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Ho Chi Minh City]]
[[Category:People educated at Lycee Albert Sarraut]]
[[Category:20th-century Vietnamese writers]]
[[Category:Vietnamese politicians]]
[[Category:South Vietnamese politicians]]
[[Category:Prime ministers of South Vietnam]]
[[Category:Vietnamese anti-communists]]