Khon Kîm ke ngièn-sṳ́-mâ

{{Hakka-TW|0|金}}
{{infobox element
|name=Kîm
|number=79
|symbol=Au
|left=[[Pha̍k-kîm]]
|right=[[Súi-ngiùn]]
|above=[[Ngiùn|Ag]]
|below=[[Roentgenium|Rg]]
|series=ko-thu kîm-su̍k
|series comment=
|group=11
|period=6
|block=d
|series color=
|appearance=kim-sio̍k-khoán n̂g-sek
|image name=Gold-crystals.jpg
|image name comment=
|image name 2=
|image size 2=
|image name 2 comment=
|atomic mass=196.966569
|atomic mass ref=<ref name="IUPAC">{{cite web|url = http://www.ciaaw.org/atomic-weights.htm|title = Standard Atomic Weights 2013|publisher = [[Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights]]}}</ref>
|atomic mass 2=5
|atomic mass comment=
|electron configuration=&#91;[[xenon|Xe]]&#93; 4f<sup>14</sup> 5d<sup>10</sup> 6s<sup>1</sup>
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 1
|color=
|phase=ku-thí
|phase comment=
|density gplstp=
|density gpcm3nrt=19.30
|density gpcm3nrt 2=
|density gpcm3nrt 3=
|density gpcm3mp=17.31
|melting point K=1337.33
|melting point C=1064.18
|melting point F=1947.52
|sublimation point K=
|sublimation point C=
|sublimation point F=
|boiling point K=3243
|boiling point C=2970
|boiling point F=5378
|triple point K=
|triple point kPa=
|critical point K=
|critical point MPa=
|heat fusion=12.55
|heat fusion 2=
|heat vaporization=342
|heat capacity=25.418
|vapor pressure 1=1646
|vapor pressure 10=1814
|vapor pressure 100=2021
|vapor pressure 1 k=2281
|vapor pressure 10 k=2620
|vapor pressure 100 k=3078
|vapor pressure comment=
|crystal structure=face centered cubic
|oxidation states=[[Gold pentafluoride|5]], '''3''', 2, 1, [[Caesium auride|−1]], −2, −3
|oxidation states comment=(an [[Amphoterism|amphoteric]] oxide)
|electronegativity=2.54
|number of ionization energies=2
|ionization energy 1=890.1
|ionization energy 2=1980
|ionization energy 3=
|atomic radius=144
|atomic radius calculated=
|covalent radius=136±6
|Van der Waals radius=166
|magnetic ordering=[[Diamagnetism|diamagnetic]]
|magnetic ordering ref=<ref>{{cite book | url = http://www-d0.fnal.gov/hardware/cal/lvps_info/engineering/elementmagn.pdf | chapter = Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds | editor = Lide, D. R. | title = CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics | edition = 86th | location = Boca Raton (FL) | publisher = CRC Press | year = 2005 | isbn = 0-8493-0486-5 | access-date = 2018-06-07 | archive-date = 2011-03-03 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110303222309/http://www-d0.fnal.gov/hardware/cal/lvps_info/engineering/elementmagn.pdf | dead-url = unfit }}</ref>
|electrical resistivity=
|electrical resistivity unit prefix=n
|electrical resistivity at 0=
|electrical resistivity at 20=22.14
|thermal conductivity=318
|thermal conductivity 2=
|thermal diffusivity=
|thermal expansion=
|thermal expansion at 25=14.2
|speed of sound=
|speed of sound rod at 20=
|speed of sound rod at r.t.=2030
|tensile strength=120
|Young's modulus=79
|Shear modulus=27
|Bulk modulus=180
|Bulk modulus ref=<ref>{{cite book|author=Kelly, P.F. |title=Properties of Materials|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=gSncBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT355|date=2015|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1-4822-0624-1|page=355}}</ref>
|Poisson ratio=0.4
|Mohs hardness=2.5
|Vickers hardness=188–216
|Brinell hardness=188–245
|Brinell hardness comment=
|CAS number=7440-57-5
|isotopes={{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=195 | sym=Au
 | na=[[synthetic radioisotope|syn]] | hl=186.10&nbsp;d
 | dm=[[electron capture|ε]] | de=0.227 | link1=platinum-195 | pn=195 | ps=Pt}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay2 | mn=196 | sym=Au
 | na=syn | hl=6.183&nbsp;d
 | dm1=ε | de1=1.506 | link1=platinum-196 | pn1=196 | ps1=Pt
 | dm2=[[beta emission|β<sup>−</sup>]] | de2=0.686 | link2=mercury-196 | pn2=196 | ps2=Hg }}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=197 | sym=Au | na=100% | hl=– | dm=([[alpha decay|α]]) | de=0.9545 | link1=iridium-193 | pn=193 | ps=Ir }}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=198 | sym=Au
 | na=syn | hl=2.69517&nbsp;d
 | dm=β<sup>−</sup> | de=1.372 | link1=mercury-198 | pn=198 | ps=Hg}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=199 | sym=Au
 | na=syn | hl=3.169&nbsp;d
 | dm=β<sup>−</sup> | de=0.453 | link1=mercury-199 | pn=199 | ps=Hg}}
|isotopes comment=Koat-hô͘ lāi ê pang-hoāi bô͘-sek (decay mode) lí-lūn-siōng ū khó-lêng m̄-koh si̍t-chè iá bô hoat-hiān
|naming=latin hō-miâ {{lang|lat|''aurum''}}, ì-sù sī chhut-ji̍t ê kng
|discovered by=[[Tiong-tang]]
|discovery date=[[chêng 6000 nî]] chìn-chêng
}}
'''Kîm''' (金) he yit-chúng [[fa-ho̍k ngièn-su]], kí ke fa-ho̍k fù-ho he Au, kí ke ngièn-chṳ́ si-sṳ he chhit-sṳ̍p-kiú. Kîm he ku-thí [[Kîm-su̍k]], kîm-vòng-set, nèn tí-su fú-sṳ̍t. Mò-hàm chha̍p-chṳt sṳ̀ thai-chṳ sông he ngiôn-sin ke.

Kîm he [[Ngìn-lui]] [[Li̍t-sṳ́]] sông chui-chó mìn-tî ke kîm-su̍k chṳ̂-yit, chó chhai kú [[Âi-khi̍p]] tén song-kú sṳ́-ki, chhiu-hó yîn-vi chṳt-thi kha-ngiôn, yùng-yi fûn-kot, yùng-yi tú-chhùn tén-tén thi̍t-tiám yì-yèn pûn-ngìn-lui kóng-fat chok-vì fo-pi sṳ́-yung, he chhòi-fu lâu khièn-li̍t ke siong-chṳ̂n. Kîm-ngit Kîm yìn-yèn yû pó-chhùn ka-chhṳ̍t ke kûng-yung.

==Chhâm-kháu chṳ̂-liau==
{{reflist}}

{{Ngièn-su chû-khì-péu}}
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[[Category:Fa-ho̍k ngièn-su]]
[[Category:Kîm-su̍k]]