Lihat sumber bagi Serangan Amerika Syarikat ke atas Grenada

{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict    = ''Operation Urgent Fury''
| partof      = [[Perang Dingin]]
| image       = [[File:CH-53D HMM-261 Grenada Okt1983.jpeg|border|300px]]
| caption     = Sebuah helikopter model [[Sikorsky Aircraft|Sikorsky]] [[CH-53D Sea Stallion]] milik [[Kor Marin Amerika Syarikat|Kor Marin A.S]] melepasi senjata anti-pesawat  [[Kesatuan Soviet|Soviet]] [[ZU-23-2]] sewaktu berlaku serangan ini tahun 1983.
| date        = 25–29 Ocktober 1983 (4 haru) <ref>{{cite book | url=http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/grenada/urgent_fury.pdf | title=Operation Urgent Fury: Invasion of Grenada, October | publisher=United States Army | author=Clarke, Jeffrey J}}</ref>
| place       = [[Grenada]]
| result      =  Kemenangan berpihak kepada AS-Oposisi Grenada
* [[Pemerintah Revolusi Rakyat Grenada]] digulingkan
* Pemerintah sebelumnya dipulihkan
* Tentera Cuba meinggalkan Grenada
| combatant1  = {{flag|Amerika Syarikat}}<br />{{flagicon|Grenada}} Oposisi Grenada<br> [[Pasukan Pengaman Caribbean]]:
* {{flag|Barbados}}
* {{flag|Jamaica}}
* [[Pertubuhan Negara-Negara Caribbean Timur]]
** {{flag|Antigua dan Barbuda}}
** {{flag|Dominica|1981}}
** {{flag|Saint Kitts dan Nevis}}
** {{flag|Saint Lucia|1979}}
** {{flag|Saint Vincent dan Kepulauan Grenadine|1979}}
|combatant2={{nowrap|{{flagicon|Grenada}} [[Pemerintah Revolusi Rakyat Grenada|Grenada]]}}<br />{{flag|Cuba}}<br />
'''Military advisors:'''
* {{flag|Kesatuan Soviet}}
* {{flag|Korea Utara|1948}}<ref name=Urgent>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ops/urgent_fury.htm "Operation Urgent Fury"]' GlobalSecurity.org</ref>
* {{flag|Jerman Timur}}
* {{flagicon|Republik Rakyat Bulgaria}} [[Republik Rakyat Bulgaria|Bulgaria]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Libya (1977–2011).svg}} [[Libya rejim Gaddafi#Republik Sosialis Rakyat Raya Arab Libya (1977–2011)|Libya]]
| commander1  = '''{{flagicon|United States}}''' '''[[Ronald Reagan]]'''<br />'''{{flagicon|Amerika Syarikat}}''' [[Joseph Metcalf III]]<br />'''{{flagicon|Amerika Syarikat}}''' [[Norman Schwarzkopf Jr.|Norman Schwarzkopf]]<br>'''{{flagicon|Amerika Syarikat}}''' [[Edward Trobaugh]]<br>'''{{flagicon|Grenada}}''' [[Nicholas Brathwaite]]<br />'''{{flagicon|Barbados}}''' [[Tom Adams]]<br />'''{{flagicon|Jamaica}}''' [[Edward Seaga]]<br />'''{{flagicon|Antigua dan Barbuda}}''' [[Vere Bird]]<br />'''{{flagicon|Dominica|1981}}''' [[Aurelius Marie]]<br />'''{{flagicon|Dominica|1981}}''' [[Eugenia Charles]]<br />'''{{flagicon|Saint Kitts dan Nevis}}''' [[Kennedy Simmonds]]<br />'''{{flagicon|Saint Lucia|1979}}''' [[John Compton]]<br />'''{{flagicon|Saint Vincent dan Kepulauan Grenadine|1979}}''' [[Milton Cato]]
| commander2  = {{flagicon|Grenada}} '''[[Hudson Austin]]'''{{Surrender}}<br />{{flagicon|Cuba}} [[Fidel Castro]]<br />{{flagicon|Cuba}} Pedro Tortoló{{Surrender}}
| strength1   = '''United States:''' 7,300<br />'''CPF:''' 353
| strength2   = '''Grenada:''' ~1,200<br />'''Cuba:''' 780<ref name=dtic>{{cite web |url=http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/doctrine/history/urgfury.pdf |last=Cole |first=Ronald |year=1997 |title=Operation Urgent Fury: The Planning and Execution of Joint Operations in Grenada |accessdate=9 November 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111116194741/http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/doctrine/history/urgfury.pdf |archive-date=16 November 2011 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }}</ref>{{rp|6, 26, 62}}<br />'''Kesatuan Soviet:''' 49<br>'''Korea Utara:''' 24<ref name=Urgent/><br>'''Jerman Timur:''' 16<br>'''Bulgaria:''' 14<br>'''Libya:''' 3 or 4
| casualties1 = '''United States:'''<br />19 killed<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/03/30/world/medals-outnumber-gi-s-in-grenada-assault.html |work=The New York Times |title=Medals Outnumber G.I.'S In Grenada Assault |date=30 March 1984}}</ref><br />116 wounded<ref name=dtic/>{{rp|6, 62}} <br /> 9 helicopters lost
| casualties2 = '''Grenada:'''<br />45 terkorban<br />337 cedera<br />'''Cuba:'''<br />25 terkorban<br />59 cedera<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/reagan-grenada/|title=PBS.org:The Invasion of Grenada}}</ref><br />638 ditahan<ref name=dtic/><br />2 transport aircraft<br />'''Soviet Union:'''<br />Stok senjata dirampas
* 12 [[Armored personnel carrier|APCs]]
* 12 senjata anti-pesawat
* 291 mesingan
* 6,330 raifal
* 5.6 juta peluru<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cardcow.com/264783/soldiers-during-invasion-grenada-military/|title=Soldiers During the Invasion of Grenada|work=CardCow Vintage Postcards}}</ref>
|notes=<center>'''Korban awam:'''</center>
<center>24 orang</center>
}}

'''[[Amerika Syarikat]] menyerang [[Grenada]]''' pada 25 Oktober 1983 di bawah nama '''Operasi ''Urgent Fury''''' sebagai suatu tindakan balas terhadap konflik dalaman [[Pemerintah Revolusi Rakyat Grenada]] yang menyebabkan Perdana Menteri [[Maurice Bishop]] ditahan dan dibunuh, sementara pentadbiran diambil oleh suatu Majlis Ketenteraan Revolusioner (''Revolutionary Military Council'') yang dipengerusikan [[Hudson Austin]].

Tindakan penyerangan ini dikutuk beberapa negara, terutamanya [[Perhimpunan Agung Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu|Perhimpunan Agung PBB]] yang mengecam "pelanggaran undang-undang antarabangsa secara terang-terangan" tersebut dengan undian sebanyak 108 lawan 9 pada 2 November 1983.<ref name=UN_GA_Resolution_38_7>{{cite web |url=https://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/38/7|title=United Nations General Assembly resolution 38/7 |publisher=United Nations |date= 2 November 1983 | access-date =5 March 2016}}</ref> Bukan sahaja penduduk Amerika Syarikat menyokong penuh tindakan ini,<ref name=Magnuson>{{cite news |last=Magnuson |first=Ed |title=Getting Back to Normal |newspaper=Time |date=21 November 1983 |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,926318-1,00.html |access-date=2018-11-14 |archive-date=2013-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130527221107/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,926318-1,00.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> tetapi warganegara Grenada sendiri juga yang menganggap perkara tersebut memulihkan demokrasi mereka dengan sedikit sahaja korban awam yang terbabit dalam konflik tersebut..<ref name="AP 2012">[http://www.foxnews.com/world/2012/06/08/grenada-trying-to-find-remains-slain-marxist-pm.html Associated Press report in 2012, printed in Fox News]</ref>{{Better source|reason=Spurious claim that receives little attention or explanation in the article. No source is provided and no evidence is given.|date=January 2017}}<ref>{{cite book|title=The Age of Reagan: The Conservative Counterrevolution: 1980–1989|publisher=Crown Forum|isbn=1-4000-5357-9|author=Steven F. Hayward}}</ref> Malah, negara tersebut meraikan peristiwa ini yang dianggap telah membebaskan tahanan politik mereka waktu itu sebagai suatu "[[Hari Kesyukuran]]".

==Garis masa==
{{Bahagian kosong|date=Januari 2023}}

==Jumlah korban==
Sebanyak 8,000 orang askar, kelasi, penerbang dan anggota Marin terlibat dalam Operation Urgent Fury bersama-sama 353 sekutu Caribbean-nya  (dalam [[Pasukan Pengaman Caribbean|Pasukan Pengaman mereka sendiri]]). 19 askar A.S terkorban sementara 116 tercedera; manakala 25 anggota terkorban, 59 yang cedera dan 638 askar ditahan dalam kalangan askar Cuba. Pihak Grenada kehilangan 45 anggota sementara 358 yang lain cedera; terdapat juga 24 orang awam yang terbunuh termasuk 18 individu dalam suatu pengeboman tidak disengajakan ke atas sebuah [[rumah sakit jiwa|hospital sakit jiwa]].<ref name=dtic/>{{rp|62}} 

==Rujukan==
{{reflist|2}}

==Sumber utama==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130713000758/http://www.dod.mil/pubs/foi/International_security_affairs/grenada/154.pdf Grenada Documents, an Overview & Selection], DOD & State Dept, Sept 1984, 813 pages.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130713000755/http://www.dod.mil/pubs/foi/International_security_affairs/grenada/153.pdf Grenada, A Preliminary Report], DOD & State
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130713000815/http://www.dod.mil/pubs/foi/International_security_affairs/grenada/181.pdf Joint Overview, Operation Urgent Fury], 1 May 1985, 87 pages

==Bacaan lanjut==
* {{cite book |last=Adkin |first=Mark |title=Urgent Fury: The Battle for Grenada: The Truth Behind the Largest U.S. Military Operation Since Vietnam |publisher=[[Lexington Books]] |year=1989 |isbn=0-669-20717-9}}
* {{cite journal |last=Brands |first=H. W., Jr. |title=Decisions on American Armed Intervention: Lebanon, Dominican Republic, and Grenada |journal=[[Political Science Quarterly]] |year=1987 |volume=102 |issue=4 |pages=607–624 |jstor=2151304}}
* {{cite book| url=http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/doctrine/history/urgfury.pdf |title=Operation Urgent Fury: The Planning and Execution of Joint Operations in Grenada, 12&nbsp;October&nbsp;- 2 November 1983 |first=Ronald H. |last=Cole |year=1997|location=Washington, D.C.}} Official Pentagon study.
* {{cite book |last=Gilmore |first=William C. |title=The Grenada Intervention: Analysis and Documentation |location=New York |publisher=Facts on File |year=1984 |isbn=0-87196-920-3 }}
* Moore, Charles. ''Margaret Thatcher: At her Zenith in London, Washington and Moscow'' (2016) pp.&nbsp;117–35.
* Payne, Anthony. "The Grenada crisis in British politics." ''The Round Table'' 73.292 (1984): 403–410. [http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00358538408453664 online]
* {{cite book |last=Russell, Lee |title=Grenada 1983 |location=London |publisher=Osprey |year=1985 |isbn=0-85045-583-9}}, A military history.
* Williams, Gary. ''US-Grenada Relations: Revolution and Intervention in the Backyard'' (Macmillan, 2007).

==Pautan luar==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120516233557/http://repository.library.georgetown.edu/handle/10822/552557 Invasion of Grenada and Its Political Repercussions] from the [https://web.archive.org/web/20160115205405/https://repository.library.georgetown.edu/handle/10822/552494 Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050404045815/http://www.specialoperations.com/Operations/grenada.html Operation: Urgent Fury, Grenada]
* [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ops/urgent_fury.htm The 1983 Invasion of Grenada, Operation: Urgent Fury]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20000816045737/http://history.navy.mil/faqs/faq95-1.htm "Grenada, Operation Urgent Fury (23 October – 21 November 1983)"]—[[Naval History & Heritage Command]], U.S. Navy
* [http://www.ep.tc/grenada/ ''Grenada'']—a 1984 comic book about the invasion written by the CIA.

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