See soorce fer Sistan an Baluchestan Province

[[File:Locator map Iran Sistan and Baluchestan Province.png|thumb|right|Cairt o Iran wi Sistan an Baluchestan heichlichtit]]

'''Sistan an Baluchestan''' ({{lang-fa|Sistān wa Baluĉestān}}) is ane o the 31 [[provinces o Iran|provinces]] o [[Iran]]. It is in the sootheast o the kintra, borderin [[Pakistan]] an [[Afghanistan]] an its caipital is [[Zahedan]].

The province is the lairgest in Iran, wi an aurie o 181,785&nbsp;km² an a population o 2.4 million. The coonties o the province are [[Chabahar Coonty|Chabahar]], [[Dalgan Coonty|Dalgan]], [[Hirmand Coonty|Hirmand]], [[Iranshahr Coonty|Iranshahr]], [[Khash Coonty|Khash]], [[Konarak Coonty|Konarak]], [[Nikshahr Coonty|Nikshahr]], [[Saravan Coonty|Saravan]], [[Sarbaz Coonty|Sarbaz]], [[Sib o Soran Coonty|Soran]], [[Zabol Coonty|Zabol]], [[Zaboli Coonty|Zaboli]], [[Zahedan Coonty|Zahedan]] an [[Zehak Coonty|Zehak]].

The population comprises [[Sunni Islam|Sunni Muslim]] [[Baluchis]] an [[Shia Islam|Shi'a]] Persian [[Sistani fowk|Sistanis]].

== Geography an cultur ==
The province comprises twa sections, ''Sistan'' in the north an ''Baluchestan'' in the sooth. The combined Sistan & Baluchestan province the day accoonts for ane o the driest regions o [[Iran]] wi a slicht increase in rainfaw frae east tae wast, an an obvious rise in humidity in the coastal regions. The province is subject tae seasonal winds frae different directions, the maist important o which are the 120-day wind o Sistan kent as ''Levar'', the ''Qousse'' wind, the seiventt (''Gav-kosh'') wind, the ''Nambi'' or sooth wind, the ''Hooshak'' wind, the humid an saisonal winds o the Indian Ocean, the North or (''Gurich'') wind an the wastren (''Gard'') wind.

[[File:Ghaleh naseri.jpg|thumb|left|Gahl'eh Naseri, Iranshahr]]

In the sooth, east an wast o Sistān an Balūchestān, the fowk are maistly [[Baluch i.e Naroe's|Balōch]] an speak the [[Balochi leid]]. The name ''Balūchestān'' means "Land o the [[Baloch fowk|Balōchi]]" in [[Persie leid]]. Similarly, the Persie leid name Sistān comes frae the [[Auld Persie]] ''Sakastāna'', meanin "Land o the [[Sakas]]".

Mony scholars, orators, an literary personalities hae sprung up frae this pairt o Iran, amangst which are the reputit [[Farrokhi sistani]], [[Ya'qub bin Laith as-Saffar]] an [[Rostam]]. [[Ali al-Sistani|Ayatollah Sistani]] is an aa frae Sistān; tho he currently resides in [[Najaf]], [[Iraq]].

== History ==
{{Main|History o Iranian Balochistan}}
In the epigraphs o Bistoon an [[Persepolis]], [[Sistan]] is mentioned as ane o the eastren territories o [[Darius the Great]]. The name Sistan, as mentioned abuin, is derived frae [[Saka]] (an aa whiles ''Saga'', or ''Sagastan''), ane o the [[Aryan]] tribes that haed taken control ower this aurie in the year 128 BCE. Durin the [[Arsacid Empire|Arsacid Dynasty]] (248 BC tae 224 CE), the province became the seat o [[Suren-Pahlav Clan]]. Frae the [[Sassanid]] period till the early Islamic period, Sistan flourished considerably.

Durin the reign o [[Ardashir I o Persie]], [[Sistan]] came unner the jurisdiction o the Sassanids, an in 644CE, the [[Arab Muslims]] gained control as the Persian empire wis in its feenal moments o collapsin.

Durin the reign o the seciont caliph o [[Islam]], this territory wis conquered bi the Arabs an an [[Arab]] commander wis assigned as govrenor. The famous [[Persian fowk|Persian]] ruler [[Ya'qub-i Laith Saffari]], whose descendants dominatit this aurie for mony centuries, later became govrenor o this province. In 916 CE, Baluchestan wis ruled bi the [[Buwayhid|Daylamids]] an thereefter the [[Seljuk Turks|Seljuqids]], when it became a pairt o [[Kerman Province|Kerman]]. Dynasties such as the [[Saffarid dynasty|Saffarids]], [[Samanid]]s, [[Ghaznavid Empire|Qaznavids]], an [[Seljuk Turks|Seljuqids]], an aa ruled ower this territory.

In 1508 CE, Shah [[Ismail I]] o the [[Safavid]] dynasty conquered Sistan, an durin the reign o [[Nader Shah]] thare wis further turmoil.

Baluchestan haes aaways gane bi twa auncient names, the ''Maga/Maka'' (which throu the passage o time it chyngit tae ''Mokran / [[Makran]]''), an ''Godar'' (frae the [[Pashto|Bactrian leid (Pashto)]] frae which the Greeks derived ''[[Gedrosia]]'' an which, throu the passage o time, chyngit tae [[Gwadar]]). Baith names still survive inside the [[Pakistan]] admeenistered pairt o Baluchestan the day.

== Sistan an Baluchestan the day ==
[[File:Chabahar coast.jpg|right|thumb|The soothren coasts o the province alang the [[Gulf of Oman]].]]
The province the day is the maist unnerdeveloped, desolate, an poorest o [[Iran]]'s provinces. The govrenment o Iran haes been tryin tae reverse this situation bi implementin new plans such as creatin the [[Chabahar Free Trade-Industrial Zone]].

=== Colleges an universities ===
# [[University o Sistan an Baluchestan]]
# [[Chabahar Maritime University]]
# [[Zabol University]]
# [[Islamic Azad University o Iranshahr]]
# [[Islamic Azad University o Zahedan]] [http://www.iauzah.ac.ir] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190217201049/http://www.iauzah.ac.ir/ |date=2019-02-17 }}
# [[Zahedan University o Medical Sciences]] [http://www.zdmu.ac.ir] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070101015355/http://www.zdmu.ac.ir/ |date=2007-01-01 }}
# [[Zabol University o Medical Sciences]]
# [[International University o Chabahar]]
# [[Iranshar University]]

== Publications ==
A nummer o Iranian scholars hae published thair wirks on the cultural an social issues o Balochistan o Iran such as Dr. Iraj Afshar Sistani, Dr. Azim Shahbukhsh, Ghasem Siasar, an Abdolvodod Sepahi. On poleetical issues several major wirks hae been done bi Professor Selig Harrison an Dr. Taj Mohammad Berissiq. Housomeivver, on the politics o Balochistan efter the Islamic Revolution o 1979, twa substantial studies hae been carried oot bi Dr. Mohammad Hassan Hosseinbor an Dr. Ahmad Reza Taheri.

== See an aa ==
[[File:Aerial view of Beris, 2004-02-01.jpg|thumb|Aerial view o Beris on the [[Gulf o Oman]].]]
* [[Bazman]]
* [[Baloch fowk|Baluch fowk]]
* [[Balochi muisic|Baluchi muisic]]
* [[Auncient Persie]]
* [[Sistan]]
* [[Balochistan (region)]]
* [[Balochistan (Afghanistan)]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Freemit airtins ==
{{Commonscat|Sistan-o-Baluchestan province}}
{{Wikisource1911Enc|Baluchistan (Persia)}}
* [http://www.chabaharfz.com/ Chabahar Free Trading Zone, Sistan and Baluchistan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708133322/http://www.chabaharfz.com/ |date=2011-07-08 }}
* [http://www.jamestown.org/programs/gta/single/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=4648&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=167&no_cache=1 Chris Zambelis, "Insurrection in Iranian Balochistan,"] ''Jamestown Foundation,'' Vol. 6, Iss. 1, 11 Januar 2008.
* [http://www.jamestown.org/single/?no_cache=1&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=821 Chris Zambelis, "Violence and Rebellion in Iranian Balochistan,"] ''Jamestown Foundation,'' Vol. 4, Iss. 13, 29 Juin 2006.

{{Geographic location
|Centre    = Sistan an Baluchestan Province
|North     = [[Sooth Khorasan Province]]
|Northeast = [[Farah Province]], {{flag|Afghanistan}}<br>[[Nimruz Province]], {{flag|Afghanistan}}
|East      = [[Balochistan, Pakistan|Balochistan]], {{flag|Pakistan}}
|Southeast = 
|South     = ''[[Arabie Sea]]''
|Southwest = [[Hormozgan Province]]
|West      = [[Kerman Province]]
|Northwest = 
}}

{{Sistan an Baluchestan Province}}
{{Provinces o Iran}}
{{baloch naitionalism}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sistan An Baluchestan Province}}
[[Category:Sistan an Baluchestan Province| ]]
[[Category:Balochistan]]
[[Category:Provinces o Iran]]
[[Category:Pre-Islamic heritage o Iran]]
[[Category:Gulf o Oman]]