See soorce fer Xi'an

{{Infobox settlement
|name                   = {{raise|0.2em|Xi'an}}
|official_name          = <!-- Official name in English if different from 'name' -->
|native_name            = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|西安市}}}}}}
|other_name             = 
|nickname               =
|settlement_type        = [[Sub-provincial ceety]]
|motto                  =
|image_skyline          = Xi'an montage.png
|imagesize              =
|image_caption          = Frae tap: [[Ceety waw o Xi'an]], Xingqinggong Park, [[Drum Touer o Xi'an]], [[Great Mosque o Xi'an]], Sootheast ceety corner, [[Giant Wild Goose Pagoda]], Nan'erhuan Road
|image_map          =Location of Xi'an Prefecture within Shaanxi (China).png
|mapsize                =
|map_caption        =Location o Xi'an Ceety jurisdiction in Shaanxi
|image_map1          =
|map_caption1        =
|pushpin_map            = China
|pushpin_label_position = 
|pushpin_map_caption    = Location in Cheenae
|pushpin_mapsize        =
|subdivision_type = Kintra
|subdivision_name = Fowkrepublic o Cheenae
|subdivision_type1   = [[Province (China)|Province]]
|subdivision_name1   = [[Shaanxi]]
|leader_title           = [[Communist Pairty o Cheenae|CPC Xi'an]]
|leader_name            = Wei Minzhou ({{lang|zh-hans|魏民洲}})
|leader_title1          = Mayor
|leader_name1           = Dong Jun ({{lang|zh-hans|董军}})
|area_magnitude     = 1 E9
|area_total_km2           = 9983
|area_forest_km2          = 5390.82
|area_total_sq_mi 13.9
|area_land_sq_mi          =
|area_lAND_sq_kkm        =
|area_water_percent       =
|area_forest_sq_mi         =
|area_water_percent       =
|area_urban_km2           = 826
|area_urban_sq_mi         =
|area_metro_km2           = 3830
|area_metro_sq_mi         =
|area_blank1_title        = [[Yangling]]
|area_blank1_km2          = 94
|area_blank1_sq_mi        =
|population_urban         = 6501200
|population_density_urban_km2   = auto
|population_as_of   = 2010 census
|population_metro   = 7168005
|population_note    =
|population_total   = 8467837
|population_density_km2 = auto
|elevation_m          = 405
|timezone           = [[Cheenae Staundart Time|CST]]
|utc_offset         = +8
<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->
|postal_code_type       = Postal code
|postal_code            = '''710'''000 - '''710'''090'''
|area_code              = +86/29
|blank_name             = [[Gross domestic product|GDP]]
|blank_info             = (2013)
|blank1_name            =  - Total
|blank1_info            = [[US Dollar|$]] [[Leet o Cheenae admeenistrative diveesions bi GDP|81.4billion]]
|blank2_name            =  - Per capita
|blank2_info            = $[[Leet o ceeties in the Fowkepublic o Cheenae bi GDP per capita|9,220.59]]
|blank3_name            = [[Licence plates o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae|License plate]] prefixes
|blank3_info            = {{lang|zh-cn|陕}}A
|blank4_name            = Ceety flouer
|blank4_info            = [[Pomegranate]] flouer
|blank5_name            = Ceety tree
|blank5_info            = [[Pagoda tree]]
|website            = http://www.xa.gov.cn/
|coordinates            = {{coord|34|16|N|108|54|E|region:CN-61|display=inline,title}}
|footnotes          =
}}
'''Xi'an''' ({{zh|c=西安|p=Xī'ān}})<ref name="br"/><ref>It is an aa cawed "Sianfu" bi mony Wastren authors in the early 20t century. For example, the Catholic Archdiocese o Xian uised tae be cawed the [http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dsian.html Vicariate Apostolic of Sianfu]. Adolf S. Waley, [http://www.archive.org/stream/remakingofchina00walerich/remakingofchina00walerich_djvu.txt ''The Re-making of China''], New York: EP Dutton and Company, 1914.</ref> is the caipital o the [[Shaanxi]] province, an a [[sub-provincial ceety in the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae]]. As ane o the auldest ceeties in Cheenae, wi mair nor 3,100 years o history, the ceety wis kent as '''[[Chang'an]]''' afore the [[Ming Dynasty]].<ref name="br">{{Cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/542532/Xian|title=Xi'an|work=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]|accessdate=2008-09-03}}</ref> Xi'an is ane o the [[Historical caipitals o Cheenae|Fower Great Ancient Caipitals o Cheenae]], haein held that position unner several o the maist important [[dynasties in Cheenese history]],<ref name="encarta">{{Cite web|url=http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761572407/Xi%E2%80%99an.html|title=Xi'an|work=[[Encarta]]. 1993-2008|date=2008-09-03|access-date=2022-04-08|archive-date=2008-02-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228105855/http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761572407/Xi%E2%80%99an.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> includin [[Zhou Dynasty|Zhou]], [[Qin Dynasty|Qin]], [[Han Dynasty|Han]], [[Sui Dynasty|Sui]], an [[Tang Dynasty|Tang]].<ref name="encarta"/>  Xi'an is the eastren terminus o the [[Silk Road]] an hame tae the [[Terracotta Airmy]].<ref name="br"/>

Syne the 1990s, as pairt o the [[Cheenae Wastren Development|economic revival o interior Cheenae]] especially for the central an northwast regions, the ceety o Xi'an haes re-emerged as an important cultural, industrial an eddicational centre o the central-northwast region, wi facilities for [[research an development]], [[naitional security]] an [[Cheenese space programme|Cheenae's space sploration programme]].

==Historical names o Xi'an==
The twa [[Cheenese characters]] "西安" in the name Xi'an literally mean "Wastren Peace", whilst the pronunciation in the local Xi'anese dialect is amaist the same as the Staundart Mandarin pronunciation based on [[Pinyin|Hanyu Pinyin]]. Throughout history the ceety's name haes aften chynged. At the time o the [[Zhou Dynasty]], frae aroond 1046 BC it was cried "Fenghao" (沣镐/沣鎬) then renamed [[Chang'an]] (长安/長安), meanin "Perpetual Peace", durin the [[Han Dynasty]] (206 BC - 220 AD). It chynged in 581 AD tae Daxing (大兴/大興) durin the [[Sui Dynasty]] then again became Chang'an frae 618 durin the [[Tang Dynasty]]. Durin the [[Yuan Dynasty]] (1270-1368), the ceety wis first gien the name Fengyuan (奉元), followed by Anxi (安西) then Jingzhao (京兆). It finally became Xi'an in the year 1369 at the time o the Ming Dynasty. This name remained till 1928, then in 1930 it wis renamed Xijing (西京). The ceety's name ance again revertit tae its Ming-era designation of Xi'an in 1943.

Xi'an is abbreviatit in Cheenese tae either [[Hao]] (镐/鎬) or [[Tang]] (唐). The umwhile abbreviation is derived frae the Zhou Dynasty name [[Haojing]] (镐京/鎬京), whilst the latter comes frae the name o the Tang Dynasty.

==Internaitional relations==

===Twin touns—Sister ceeties===
Xi'an's [[Twin touns an sister ceeties|sister ceeties]] are:
{| cellpadding="10"
|- valign="top"
|
*{{Flagicon|Japan}} [[Nara, Nara|Nara]], Japan. (1974)
*{{Flagicon|Japan}} [[Kyoto]], Japan. (1974)<ref name="Kyoto twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.city.kyoto.lg.jp/sogo/page/0000083407.html|title=Sister Cities of Kyoto City|accessdate=2014-01-21|publisher=City of Kyoto|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140121151906/http://www.city.kyoto.lg.jp/sogo/page/0000083407.html|archivedate=2014-01-21|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{Flagicon|UK}} [[Edinburgh]], Unitit Kinrick. (1985)<ref name="Edinburgh">{{cite web |url=http://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/internet/city_living/CEC_twin_and_partner_cities |title=''Edinburgh – Twin and Partner Cities'' |accessdate=21 December 2008 |publisher=2008 The City of Edinburgh Council, City Chambers, High Street, Edinburgh, EH1 1YJ Scotland |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080328001653/http://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/internet/city_living/CEC_twin_and_partner_cities |archivedate=2008-03-28 |url-status=dead }}{{Cite web |url=http://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/internet/city_living/CEC_twin_and_partner_cities |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-03-12 |archive-date=2008-03-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080328001653/http://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/internet/city_living/CEC_twin_and_partner_cities |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Edinburgh twinning">{{cite web|url=http://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/info/695/council_information_performance_and_statistics/685/european_international_and_parliamentary_relations/3|title=Twin and Partner Cities|publisher=City of Edinburgh Council|accessdate=16 January 2009|archive-date=2012-06-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614133841/http://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/info/695/council_information_performance_and_statistics/685/european_international_and_parliamentary_relations/3|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*{{Flagicon|France}} [[Pau, Fraunce|Pau]], Fraunce. (1986)
*{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Kansas Ceety, Missouri|Kansas Ceety]], United States. (1989)
*{{Flagicon|Iran}} [[Isfahan]], Iran. (1989)
*{{Flagicon|Germany}} [[Dortmund]], Germany. (1991)<ref name="RuhrTwins2010">{{Cite web|url=http://www.twins2010.com/fileadmin/user_upload/pic/Dokumente/List_of_Twin_Towns_01.pdf?PHPSESSID=2edd34819db21e450d3bb625549ce4fd|title=List of Twin Towns in the Ruhr District|publisher=© 2009 [http://www.twins2010.com/index.php?id=home&L=1 Twins2010.com]|accessdate=2009-10-28|archive-date=2009-11-28|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5lctsW5KG?url=http://www.twins2010.com/fileadmin/user_upload/pic/Dokumente/List_of_Twin_Towns_01.pdf?PHPSESSID=2edd34819db21e450d3bb625549ce4fd|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*{{Flagicon|Pakistan}} [[Lahore]], Pakistan. (1992)
||
*{{Flagicon|Japan}} [[Funabashi, Chiba|Funabashi]], Japan. (1994)
*{{Flagicon|South Korea}} [[Gyeongju]], Republic o Korea. (1994)
*{{Flagicon|Romania}} [[Iaşi]], Romanie. (1994)
*{{Flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Dnipro]], Ukraine. (1995)
*{{Flagicon|Turkey}} [[Istanbul]], Turkey. (1996)
*{{Flagicon|Nepal}} [[Kathmandu]], Nepal. (1996)
*{{Flagicon|Brazil}} [[Brasília]], Brazil. (1997)
||
*{{Flagicon|Canada}} [[Quebec Ceety]], Canadae. (2001)
*{{Flagicon|Argentina}} [[Córdoba, Argentinae|Córdoba]], Argentinae. (2006)
*{{Flagicon|Italy}} [[Pompei]], Italy. (2007)
*{{Flagicon|Greece}} [[Athens]], Greece
*{{Flagicon|Greece}} [[Kalamata]], Greece (2009)
*{{Flagicon|UK}} [[Birmingham]], Unitit Kinrick.
*{{Flagicon|Peru}} [[Cusco]], Peru.
|}

===Consulates===
*{{Flagicon|South Korea}} Gaoxin Internaitional, Keji Road, September 2007
*{{Flagicon|Thailand}} Yulang Internaitional, Jiefang Road, 2006

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Commonscat}}

[[Category:Populatit places alang the Silk Road]]
[[Category:Sub-provincial ceeties in the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae]]
[[Category:Xi'an|*]]
[[Category:11t-century BC establishments]]
[[Category:202 BC establishments]]
[[Category:Provincial caipitals in Cheenae]]


{{Stub/Cheenae}}