View source for James Callaghan

{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix    = [[The Right Honourable]]
| name                = The Lord Callaghan of Cardiff
| honorific-suffix    = {{Post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|KG|PC}}
| image               = James Callaghan (1975).jpg
| caption             = Callaghan in 1975
| office              = 48th [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]]
| monarch             = [[Elizabeth II]]
| deputy              = ''Vacant''
| term_start          = 5 April 1976
| term_end            = 4 May 1979
| predecessor         = [[Harold Wilson]]
| successor           = [[Margaret Thatcher]]
| office1             = 21st [[Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)|Leader of the Opposition]]
| monarch1            = [[Elizabeth II]]
| primeminister1      = [[Margaret Thatcher]]
| term_start1         = 4 May 1979
| term_end1           = 10 November 1980
| predecessor1        = [[Margaret Thatcher]]
| successor1          = [[Michael Foot]]
| office2             = 11th [[Leader of the Labour Party (UK)|Leader of the Labour Party]]
| deputy2             = [[Michael Foot]]
| term_start2         = 5 April 1976
| term_end2           = 10 November 1980
| predecessor2        = [[Harold Wilson]]
| successor2          = [[Michael Foot]]
| office3             = [[Father of the House (United Kingdom)|Father of the House of Commons]]
| term_start3         = 9 June 1983
| term_end3           = 18 May 1987
| predecessor3        = [[John Parker (Labour politician)|John Parker]]
| successor3          = [[Bernard Braine]]
| module              = {{collapsed infobox section begin |Ministerial offices
 |titlestyle      = border:1px dashed lightgrey}}{{Infobox officeholder
 |embed           = yes
 |office4         = [[Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs|Secretary of State for {{nowrap|Foreign and Commonwealth}} Affairs]]
 |primeminister4  = [[Harold Wilson]]
 |term_start4     = 5 March 1974
 |term_end4       = 8 April 1976
 |predecessor4    = [[Alec Douglas-Home|Sir Alec Douglas-Home]]
 |successor4      = [[Anthony Crosland]]
 |office5         = [[Home Secretary]]
 |primeminister5  = [[Harold Wilson]]
 |term_start5     = 30 November 1967
 |term_end5       = 19 June 1970
 |predecessor5    = [[Roy Jenkins]]
 |successor5      = [[Reginald Maudling]]
 |office6         = [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]]
 |primeminister6  = [[Harold Wilson]]
 |term_start6     = 16 October 1964
 |term_end6       = 30 November 1967
 |predecessor6    = [[Reginald Maudling]]
 |successor6      = [[Roy Jenkins]]
 |office7         = [[Secretary to the Admiralty|Parliamentary and Financial Secretary to the Admiralty]]
 |primeminister7  = [[Clement Attlee]]
 |term_start7     = 2 March 1950
 |term_end7       = 25 October 1951
 |predecessor7    = [[John Dugdale (Labour politician)|John Dugdale]]
 |successor7      = [[Allan Noble|Sir Allan Noble]]
 |office8         = [[Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Transport|Parliamentary Secretary to the {{nowrap|Ministry of Transport}}]]
 |primeminister8  = [[Clement Attlee]]
 |term_start8     = 7 October 1947
 |term_end8       = 2 March 1950
 |predecessor8    = [[George Strauss]]
 |successor8      = [[George Lucas, 1st Baron Lucas of Chilworth|The Lord Lucas of Chilworth]]{{Collapsed infobox section end}}
 }}
| module2         = {{Collapsed infobox section begin |[[Shadow Cabinet]] offices
 |cont            = yes
 |titlestyle      = border:1px dashed lightgrey}}{{Infobox officeholder
 |embed           = yes
 |office9         = [[Shadow Foreign Secretary]]
 |leader9         = [[Harold Wilson]]
 |term_start9     = 19 April 1972
 |term_end9       = 28 February 1974
 |predecessor9    = [[Denis Healey]]
 |successor9      = [[Geoffrey Rippon]]
 |office10        = [[Shadow Secretary of State for Employment]]
 |leader10        = [[Harold Wilson]]
 |term_start10    = 19 October 1971
 |term_end10      = 19 April 1972
 |predecessor10   = [[Barbara Castle]]
 |successor10     = [[Denis Healey]]
 |office11        = [[Shadow Home Secretary]]
 |leader11        = [[Harold Wilson]]
 |term_start11    = 19 June 1970
 |term_end11      = 19 October 1971
 |predecessor11   = [[Quintin Hogg, Baron Hailsham of St Marylebone|Quintin Hogg]]
 |successor11     = [[Shirley Williams]]
 |office12        = [[Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer]]
 |leader12        = {{Ublist|[[Hugh Gaitskell]]|[[George Brown, Baron George-Brown|George Brown]] (acting)|[[Harold Wilson]]}}
 |term_start12    = 2 November 1961
 |term_end12      = 16 October 1964
 |predecessor12   = [[Harold Wilson]]
 |successor12     = [[Reginald Maudling]]{{Collapsed infobox section end}}
 |office13        = Member of the [[House of Lords]]
 |status13        = [[Lords Temporal|Lord Temporal]]
 |term_label13    = [[Life peer]]age
 |term_start13    = 5 November 1987
 |term_end13      = 26 March 2005
 |office14        = [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]]<br />for [[Cardiff South and Penarth (UK Parliament constituency)|Cardiff South and Penarth]]<br>{{no bold|([[Cardiff South (UK Parliament constituency)|Cardiff South]], 1945–1950;<br>[[Cardiff South East (UK Parliament constituency)|Cardiff South East]], 1950–1983)}}
 |term_start14    = 26 July 1945
 |term_end14      = 18 May 1987
 |predecessor14   = [[Arthur Evans (politician)|Arthur Evans]]
 |successor14     = [[Alun Michael]]
 |birth_name      = Leonard James Callaghan
 |birth_date      = {{Birth date|1912|3|27|df=y}}
 |birth_place     = [[Portsmouth|Portsmouth, Hampshire]], England
 |death_date      = {{Death date and age|2005|3|26|1912|3|27|df=y}}
 |death_place     = [[Ringmer|Ringmer, East Sussex]], England
 |party           = [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
 |spouse          = {{Marriage|[[Audrey Callaghan|Audrey Moulton]]<br/>|28 July 1938|15 March 2005|reason=died}}
 |children        = 3, including [[Margaret Jay, Baroness Jay of Paddington|Margaret]]
 |signature       = 
 |branch          = {{Navy|United Kingdom}}
 |rank            = [[Lieutenant]]
 |battles         = Second World War
 |footnotes       = }}
}}
'''Leonard James''' "'''Jim'''" '''Callaghan, Baron Callaghan of Cardiff''', {{post-nominals|commas=true|size=100%|country=GBR|KG|PC}} ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|æ|l|ə|ˌ|h|æ|n}}; 27 March 1912&nbsp;– 26 March 2005) was a British [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] politician who served as the 48th [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]] (UK) from 1976 to 1979.<ref name=Nndb>{{Nndb name |713/000031620}}</ref>

Born in the [[1910s]], Callaghan was an old-style [[socialist]], lacking any [[higher education]],<ref name=Nndb/> and served as [[Member of Parliament]] (MP) for a [[Cardiff]] constituency.<ref name=Nndb/> He is the only person to have held all three leading [[Cabinet of the United Kingdom|UK Cabinet]] positions ([[Chancellor of the Exchequer|Chancellor]], [[Home Secretary]] and [[Foreign Secretary]]), prior to their premiership. He was never expected to reach the premiership, having taken a back seat to the younger and more charismatic [[Harold Wilson]] for many years. However, when Wilson unexpectedly announced his retirement in 1976, Callaghan was the most experienced candidate to replace him. His time as prime minister was one of more [[open government]] but the [[electorate]] was dissatisfied with his relaxed response to high [[inflation]] and more [[Labor unrest|industrial unrest]], and replaced Labour with a [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] government under [[Margaret Thatcher]].

Callaghan resigned as [[Leader of the Labour Party (UK)|Leader of the Labour Party]] 17 monthslater, but remained an MP for some years before being sent to the [[House of Lords]] as [[Baron]] Callaghan of Cardiff.<ref name=Nndb/>

==References==
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==Other websites==
{{UK MP links
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*{{Commons-inline|James Callaghan}}
*{{Wikiquote-inline}}
*{{Wikisource-inline|Author:James Callaghan|James Callaghan}}

{{UKPrimeMinisters|Callaghan, James}}
{{Presidents of the European Council}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Callaghan, James}}
[[Category:1912 births]]
[[Category:2005 deaths]]
[[Category:British military personnel of World War II]]
[[Category:Chancellors of the Exchequer]]
[[Category:Labour Party (UK) MPs]]
[[Category:Members of the British House of Commons for Welsh constituencies]]
[[Category:Knights of the Garter]]
[[Category:Leaders of the Labour Party (UK)]]
[[Category:Leaders of the Opposition (United Kingdom)]]
[[Category:People from Portsmouth]]
[[Category:Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Royal Navy officers]]
[[Category:Secretaries of State for the Home Department]]
[[Category:Secretaries of State of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1945–1950]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1950–1951]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1951–1955]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1955–1959]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1959–1964]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1964–1966]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1966–1970]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1970–1974]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1974]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1974–1979]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1979–1983]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1983–1987]]
[[Category:Labour Life Peers]]
[[Category:Politicians from Hampshire]]


{{Biography-stub}}
[[Category:British trade unionists]]