View source for Heinrich von Bibra

[[Image:Image-HeinrichvonBibraHerrlein.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Painting of Heinrich von Bibra by his court painter, Johann Andreas Herrlein]]
[[Image:HeinrichvonBibraHerrleinDetail.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Detail]]
[[File:HeinrichvBmed.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Medallion of Heinrich von Bibra]]
[[Image:HeinrichvonBibraProfilePrint.jpg|right|thumb]]
[[File:Fürstbischof-klein.jpg|thumb|Print from the ''Calendarium Parum Capituli Fuldensis'']]

'''Heinrich [[von Bibra]]''' (Heinrich VIII of Fulda), [[Prince-Bishop]], [[Prince-Abbot]] [[Princely Abbey of Fulda|of Fulda]] (1711–1788) was Prince-Bishop and Prince-Abbot from 1759 to 1788.  As part his role as Prince-Abbot of Fulda, he had the additional role as Archchancellor (''Erzkanzler'') of the [[List of Holy Roman Empresses|Holy Roman Empress]]. 

==Biography==
Born in 1711 at [[Schnabelwaid]] as Karl Sigmund von [[von Bibra]], son of General [[:de:Heinrich Karl von Bibra|Heinrich Karl, Baron von Bibra]] (1666-1734) and his wife Maria Johanna Theresia [[:de:Eyb (Adelsgeschlecht)|von Eyb]] (b. 1685). He was raised in a strict household with ten brothers and sisters. He entered the Benedictine Order in 1730 receiving the name Heinrich. He studied philosophy, theology, and law. Six years later he traveled to Rome.

In 1759 immediately after his selection as Prince Bishop and Abbot of [[Fulda]], he had to flee his realm as it was overrun by both the French and the Hessians in the Seven Years' War. Finally with peace in 1763, he undertook the rebuilding of Fulda and its economy. Rising at 4 am each morning, he was an energetic and enlightened ruler. With currency reform came sound money. He built roads, bridges, housing, churches, and orphanages. He improved the spa at [[Brückenau]], had the land surveyed for minerals, and founded the porcelain works which became famous. The porcelain works was disbanded shortly after his death. 

He provided freedom of religion, forbidding mistreatment of Jews and employed Protestants alongside Catholics in his administration. Beginning in 1777 with the exception of the theological faculty every Protestant could acquire academic degrees in all faculties of the [[University of Fulda]]. Along with libraries around the land, he introduced a general school system which was one of the best of his time.  ''Heinrich-von-Bibra-Schule'' a ''[[Realschule]]'' (type of secondary school) in Fulda is named after him.  Contrary to the custom that had been common for centuries, he refrained from erecting his own grave monument during his lifetime, and one was not erected for him after his death either.  An engraved floor tile in front of the [[Adolphus von Dalberg]] grave by the altar marks the spot today.

==Schloss Johannisberg - riesling - ''Spätlese'' - ''Auslese''==
During Heinrich’s reign Fulda owned [[Schloss Johannisberg]] ([[Geisenheim]], in the [[Rheingau]] region). The origin of the famous late harvest [[riesling]] of Johannisberg originated in 1775. The story is that producers at [[Schloss Johannisberg]] traditionally awaited the permission of the estate owner before cutting their grapes. In this year, for reasons unknown, Heinrich was otherwise engaged and the cutting was delayed for three weeks, time enough for the ''Botrytis'' to take hold and produce the first thoroughly infected ''[[Spätlese]]''. An ''[[Auslese]]'' followed in 1787. See [[Noble rot]] and [[Schloss Johannisberg]]

==Family==
{{main|von Bibra}}

Heinrich was a member of the aristocratic Franconian [[von Bibra]] family which among its members were [[Lorenz von Bibra]], Prince-Bishop of [[Würzburg]], Duke in [[Franconia]] (1459–1519), Lorenz’ half brother, [[Wilhelm von Bibra]] Papal emissary, [[Conrad von Bibra]], Prince-Bishop of Würzburg, Duke in [[Franconia]] (1490–1544) and [[Ernst von Bibra]] (1806–1878), naturalist and author.

== Photo gallery ==
<gallery perrow="3">
Image:St. Blasius 2.jpg|Heinrich von Bibra coat of arms from St. Blasius
Image:St. Blasius Wappen.jpg|Heinrich von Bibra coat of arms from over altar of St. Blasius
Image:Obelisk vor der Stadtpfarrkirche St.jpg|Obelisk in front of St. Blasius
Image:Fuldaobalisk.jpg|Detail of obelisk in front of St. Blasius
Image:Fuldalibrary.jpg|Heinrich VIII coat of arms for the Library (now the Theological Faculty)
Image:HeinrichWappen1767bw.jpg|Coat of arms from ""Der durchlauchtigen Welt vollständiges Wappenbuch"
Image:DomFulda HeinrichvBMarker.jpg|Location of grave in front of Adolf von Dalberg monument Fulda Dom
</gallery>

==Literature==
*MARINA VON BIBRA, Heinrich VIII. - Fürstbischof von Fulda. In: Gerhard Pfeiffer (Hg.), Fränkische Lebensbilder, Bd. 4, Würzburg 1971, 213-229;
*WILHELM FREIHERR VON BIBRA, Beiträge zur Familien-Geschichte der Reichsfreiherm von Bibra, Bd. 3/I, München 1888, 230-255; Ders., Geschichte der Familie von Bibra. München 1870, 148-150;
*A. GNAU, Das kirchliche Wirken Heinrich VIII. von Bibra, Fürstbischofs von Fulda (1759–1788), in: Mitteilungen des Historischen Vereins der Diözese Fulda 6 (1902) 12-19;
*JOHANN EBERHARD VON KAISER, Regierungsgeschichte des jetztigen Fürsten-Bischofs Heinrich des VIII. zu Fulda im Grundriße, Vornehmlich in Hinsicht der innern Landes-Anstalten und Verbesserungen, in: Patriotisches Archiv für Deutschland 2 (1785) 1-102;
*WERNER KATHREIN, Bibra, Heinrich, in: Erwin Gatz (Hg.), Die Bischöfe des Heiligen Römischen Reiches 1648-1803, Berlin 1990, 29f.;
*JOSEF LEINWEBER, Die Fuldaer Äbte und Bischöfe, Frankfurt a.M. 1989, 159-163;
*MICHAEL MÜLLER, Fürstbischof Heinrich von Bibra und die katholische Aufklärung im Hochstift Fulda (1759–88). Wandel und Kontinuität des kirchlichen Lebens, 451 pp., Fulda 2005.
*PETER ADOLPH WINKOPP, Beiträge zur Lebensgeschichte Heinrich des achten Fürstbischofen zu Fulda, welcher am 25. September 1788 das Zeitliche mit dem Ewigen verwechselte, in: Der neue deutsche Zuschauer 1 (1789) 93-102.134-144;
*KLAUS WITTSTADT, Der Bibliotheksgründer Fürstbischof Heinrich VIII. von Bibra (1759–1788), in: Artur Brall (Hg.), Von der Klosterbibliothek zur Landesbibliothek. Beiträge zum zweihundertjährigen Bestehen der Hessischen Landesbibliothek Fulda (Stuttgart 1978) 269-293;
*F. ZWENGER, Heinrich v. Bibra. Fürstbischof von Fulda, in: BuBl 4 (1923) 139f., 143f., 148 [Weitgehend auf Wilhelm von Bibra beruhend];

==External links==
*[http://www.coinarchives.com/w/results.php?search=Heinrich+Bibra&s=0&results=500 Coinarchives's Photos and information on completed coin sales of Heinrich von Bibra coins]
*[https://vonbibra.net/bibra/index.php/family-history/historical-members-of-the-family/heinrich-von-bibra/ Heinrich von Bibra Page on vonbibra.net]
* [https://hvbs-fulda.de/ www.hvbs-fulda.de] – Heinrich-von-Bibra-Schule in Fulda

{{s-start}}
{{succession box
| before = [[Adalbert von Walderdorf]]
| title  = [[Bishop]] of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Fulda|Fulda]]
| years  = 1759 - 1788
| after  = [[Adalbert Freiherr (Wilhelm Adolph Heinrich) von Harstall]]
}}
{{end}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:1711 births]]
[[Category:1788 deaths]]
[[Category:18th-century German Roman Catholic bishops]]
[[Category:Prince-bishops in the Holy Roman Empire]]
[[Category:German abbots]]
[[Category:Bibra family|Heinrich von Bibra]]
[[Category:Barons of the Holy Roman Empire]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic bishops of Fulda]]