1181 - Revision history

195.224.187.70: /* England */

2024-03-07T10:50:21Z

England

← Previous revision		Revision as of 10:50, 7 March 2024
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	* The word [[Catharism\|Albigensians]] is first used by [[Geoffroy du Breuil\|Geoffroy du Breuil of Vigeois]], French [[abbot]] and chronicler, to describe the inhabitants of [[Albi]] in southern [[France]].		* The word [[Catharism\|Albigensians]] is first used by [[Geoffroy du Breuil\|Geoffroy du Breuil of Vigeois]], French [[abbot]] and chronicler, to describe the inhabitants of [[Albi]] in southern [[France]].

	==== ~~England~~ ====		==== Britain ====
	* King [[Henry II of England\|Henry II]] removes [[Hugh de Lacy, Lord of Meath\|Hugh de Lacy]], lord of [[Kingdom of Meath\|Meath]], from his position as procurator of [[Ireland]], possibly because of his having married the daughter of High King [[Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair]].		* King [[Henry II of England\|Henry II]] removes [[Hugh de Lacy, Lord of Meath\|Hugh de Lacy]], lord of [[Kingdom of Meath\|Meath]], from his position as procurator of [[Ireland]], possibly because of his having married the daughter of High King [[Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair]].

Norden1990 at 20:03, 3 March 2023

2023-03-03T20:03:17Z

← Previous revision		Revision as of 20:03, 3 March 2023
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	* Philip II begins a war against [[Philip I, Count of Flanders\|Philip of Alsace]], count of [[County of Flanders\|Flanders]], over the [[Vermandois]]. He claims the territory for his wife [[Isabella of Hainault]] as her dowry. Philip is unwilling to give it up.<ref>Bradbury, Jim. (1997). ''Philip Augustus: King of France 1180–1223'', p. 245. The Medieval World (1st ed.). Routledge. {{ISBN\|978-0-582-06059-3}}.</ref>		* Philip II begins a war against [[Philip I, Count of Flanders\|Philip of Alsace]], count of [[County of Flanders\|Flanders]], over the [[Vermandois]]. He claims the territory for his wife [[Isabella of Hainault]] as her dowry. Philip is unwilling to give it up.<ref>Bradbury, Jim. (1997). ''Philip Augustus: King of France 1180–1223'', p. 245. The Medieval World (1st ed.). Routledge. {{ISBN\|978-0-582-06059-3}}.</ref>
	* [[Henry the Lion]], duke of [[Duchy of Saxony\|Saxony]], submits to Emperor [[Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor\|Frederick I]] ('''Barbarossa''') at an [[Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)\|Imperial Diet]] in [[Erfurt]]. He is banished to [[Kingdom of England\|England]] and retains only [[County of Brunswick\|Brunswick]] among his former lands.<ref>Williams, Hywel (2005). ''Cassell's Chronology of World History'', p. 128. {{ISBN\|0-304-35730-8}}.</ref>		* [[Henry the Lion]], duke of [[Duchy of Saxony\|Saxony]], submits to Emperor [[Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor\|Frederick I]] ('''Barbarossa''') at an [[Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)\|Imperial Diet]] in [[Erfurt]]. He is banished to [[Kingdom of England\|England]] and retains only [[County of Brunswick\|Brunswick]] among his former lands.<ref>Williams, Hywel (2005). ''Cassell's Chronology of World History'', p. 128. {{ISBN\|0-304-35730-8}}.</ref>
	* King [[Béla III of Hungary\|Béla III]] of [[Kingdom of Hungary\|Hungary]] and [[Croatia in union with Hungary\|Croatia]] goes to war with [[Republic of Venice\|Venice]] in an effort to recover [[Dalmatia]]. The city of [[Zadar]] (located on the [[Adriatic Sea]]) accepts Béla's suzerainty.<ref>Stephenson, Paul (2000). ''Byzantium's Balkan Frontier: A Political Study of the Northern Balkans, 900–1204'', p. 281. Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN\|978-0-521-02756-4}}.</ref>		* King [[Béla III of Hungary\|Béla III]] of [[Kingdom of Hungary\|Hungary]] and [[Croatia in union with Hungary\|Croatia]] goes to war with [[Republic of Venice\|Venice]] in an effort to recover [[Dalmatia]]. The city of [[Zadar]] (located on the [[Adriatic Sea]]) [[Byzantine–Hungarian War (1180–1185)\|accepts]] Béla's suzerainty.<ref>Stephenson, Paul (2000). ''Byzantium's Balkan Frontier: A Political Study of the Northern Balkans, 900–1204'', p. 281. Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN\|978-0-521-02756-4}}.</ref>
	* After a series of defeats, the [[Almohad Caliphate\|Almohad]] fleet under the admiral Ahmad al-Siqilli, crushes the Portuguese navy and reasserts its control over the [[Atlantic Ocean]].<ref name=Picard1997>{{cite book\|last=Picard\|first=Christophe\|title=La mer et les musulmans d'Occident VIIIe-XIIIe siècle\|year=1997\|publisher=Presses Universitaires de France\|location=Paris}}</ref>		* After a series of defeats, the [[Almohad Caliphate\|Almohad]] fleet under the admiral Ahmad al-Siqilli, crushes the Portuguese navy and reasserts its control over the [[Atlantic Ocean]].<ref name=Picard1997>{{cite book\|last=Picard\|first=Christophe\|title=La mer et les musulmans d'Occident VIIIe-XIIIe siècle\|year=1997\|publisher=Presses Universitaires de France\|location=Paris}}</ref>
	* The word [[Catharism\|Albigensians]] is first used by [[Geoffroy du Breuil\|Geoffroy du Breuil of Vigeois]], French [[abbot]] and chronicler, to describe the inhabitants of [[Albi]] in southern [[France]].		* The word [[Catharism\|Albigensians]] is first used by [[Geoffroy du Breuil\|Geoffroy du Breuil of Vigeois]], French [[abbot]] and chronicler, to describe the inhabitants of [[Albi]] in southern [[France]].

SporkBot: Remove template per TFD outcome

2022-05-07T14:47:07Z

Remove template per TFD outcome

← Previous revision		Revision as of 14:47, 7 May 2022
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	{{Year nav\|1181}}		{{Year nav\|1181}}
	{{C12 year in topic}}		{{C12 year in topic}}
	[[File:Pope Lucius III.png\|~~{{Largethumb}}~~\|~~right~~\|[[Pope Lucius III]] (c. 1097–1185)]]		[[File:Pope Lucius III.png\|upright=1.35\|thumb\|[[Pope Lucius III]] (c. 1097–1185)]]
	Year '''1181''' ('''[[Roman numerals\|MCLXXXI]]''') was a [[common year starting on Thursday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Julian calendar]].		Year '''1181''' ('''[[Roman numerals\|MCLXXXI]]''') was a [[common year starting on Thursday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Julian calendar]].

Graham87: Reverted edits by 2601:2C0:8A80:20:8082:C4BC:87DB:7E32 (talk) to last version by Peters01

2022-02-06T06:32:52Z

Reverted edits by 2601:2C0:8A80:20:8082:C4BC:87DB:7E32 (talk) to last version by Peters01

← Previous revision		Revision as of 06:32, 6 February 2022
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	{{C12 year in topic}}		{{C12 year in topic}}
	[[File:Pope Lucius III.png\|{{Largethumb}}\|right\|[[Pope Lucius III]] (c. 1097–1185)]]		[[File:Pope Lucius III.png\|{{Largethumb}}\|right\|[[Pope Lucius III]] (c. 1097–1185)]]
	'''1181''' ('''[[Roman numerals\|MCLXXXI]]''') was a [[common year starting on Thursday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Julian calendar]], the 1181st year of the [[Common Era]] (CE) and ''[[Anno Domini]]'' (AD) designations, the 181st year of the [[2nd millennium]], the 81st year of the [[12th century]], and the 2nd year of the [[1180s]] decade.		Year '''1181''' ('''[[Roman numerals\|MCLXXXI]]''') was a [[common year starting on Thursday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Julian calendar]].

	== Events ==		== Events ==

2601:2C0:8A80:20:8082:C4BC:87DB:7E32 at 02:34, 8 January 2022

2022-01-08T02:34:16Z

← Previous revision		Revision as of 02:34, 8 January 2022
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	{{C12 year in topic}}		{{C12 year in topic}}
	[[File:Pope Lucius III.png\|{{Largethumb}}\|right\|[[Pope Lucius III]] (c. 1097–1185)]]		[[File:Pope Lucius III.png\|{{Largethumb}}\|right\|[[Pope Lucius III]] (c. 1097–1185)]]
	~~Year~~ '''1181''' ('''[[Roman numerals\|MCLXXXI]]''') was a [[common year starting on Thursday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Julian calendar]].		'''1181''' ('''[[Roman numerals\|MCLXXXI]]''') was a [[common year starting on Thursday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Julian calendar]], the 1181st year of the [[Common Era]] (CE) and ''[[Anno Domini]]'' (AD) designations, the 181st year of the [[2nd millennium]], the 81st year of the [[12th century]], and the 2nd year of the [[1180s]] decade.

	== Events ==		== Events ==

Peters01: Correction

2021-09-20T08:40:13Z

Correction

← Previous revision		Revision as of 08:40, 20 September 2021
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	=== Europe ===		=== Europe ===
	* ~~French~~ King [[Philip II of France\|Philip II]] ('''Augustus''') annuls all loans made by [[Jews]] to Christians, and takes a percentage for himself. A year later, he confiscates all Jewish property and expels the Jews from [[Paris]].<ref name=Baldwin2006>{{cite book\|last=Baldwin\|first=John\|title=Paris 1200\|year=2006\|publisher=Aubier\|location=Paris\|page=75}}</ref>		* King [[Philip II of France\|Philip II]] ('''Augustus''') annuls all loans made by [[Jews]] to Christians, and takes a percentage for himself. A year later, he confiscates all Jewish property and expels the Jews from [[Paris]].<ref name=Baldwin2006>{{cite book\|last=Baldwin\|first=John\|title=Paris 1200\|year=2006\|publisher=Aubier\|location=Paris\|page=75}}</ref>
	* Philip II begins a war against [[Philip I, Count of Flanders\|Philip of Alsace]], count of [[County of Flanders\|Flanders]], over the [[Vermandois]]. He claims the territory for his wife [[Isabella of Hainault]] as her dowry. Philip is unwilling to give it up.<ref>Bradbury, Jim. (1997). ''Philip Augustus: King of France 1180–1223'', p. 245. The Medieval World (1st ed.). Routledge. {{ISBN\|978-0-582-06059-3}}.</ref>		* Philip II begins a war against [[Philip I, Count of Flanders\|Philip of Alsace]], count of [[County of Flanders\|Flanders]], over the [[Vermandois]]. He claims the territory for his wife [[Isabella of Hainault]] as her dowry. Philip is unwilling to give it up.<ref>Bradbury, Jim. (1997). ''Philip Augustus: King of France 1180–1223'', p. 245. The Medieval World (1st ed.). Routledge. {{ISBN\|978-0-582-06059-3}}.</ref>
	* [[Henry the Lion]], duke of [[Duchy of Saxony\|Saxony]], submits to Emperor [[Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor\|Frederick I]] ('''Barbarossa''') at an [[Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)\|Imperial Diet]] in [[Erfurt]]. He is banished to [[Kingdom of England\|England]] and retains only [[County of Brunswick\|Brunswick]] among his former lands.<ref>Williams, Hywel (2005). ''Cassell's Chronology of World History'', p. 128. {{ISBN\|0-304-35730-8}}.</ref>		* [[Henry the Lion]], duke of [[Duchy of Saxony\|Saxony]], submits to Emperor [[Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor\|Frederick I]] ('''Barbarossa''') at an [[Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)\|Imperial Diet]] in [[Erfurt]]. He is banished to [[Kingdom of England\|England]] and retains only [[County of Brunswick\|Brunswick]] among his former lands.<ref>Williams, Hywel (2005). ''Cassell's Chronology of World History'', p. 128. {{ISBN\|0-304-35730-8}}.</ref>

Textpilot22: /* Science */ Added the missing word "constellation" in "...appears in the [constellation] Cassiopeia...."

2021-09-18T17:16:11Z

Science: Added the missing word "constellation" in "...appears in the [constellation] Cassiopeia...."

← Previous revision		Revision as of 17:16, 18 September 2021
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	==== Science ====		==== Science ====
	* January – [[William VIII of Montpellier]] frees the teaching of [[medicine]] from any monopoly in France,<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=SVm_Ycxj6p0C&pg=PA103 ''Mélanges d'histoire de la médecine hébraïque'', by Gad Freudenthal, Samuel S. Kottek, Paul Fenton compiled by Gad Freudenthal, Samuel S. Kottek published by Brill, 2002] {{ISBN\|90-04-12522-1\|978-90-04-12522-3}}</ref> an origin of the [[University of Montpellier]].		* January – [[William VIII of Montpellier]] frees the teaching of [[medicine]] from any monopoly in France,<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=SVm_Ycxj6p0C&pg=PA103 ''Mélanges d'histoire de la médecine hébraïque'', by Gad Freudenthal, Samuel S. Kottek, Paul Fenton compiled by Gad Freudenthal, Samuel S. Kottek published by Brill, 2002] {{ISBN\|90-04-12522-1\|978-90-04-12522-3}}</ref> an origin of the [[University of Montpellier]].
	* Chinese and Japanese astronomers observe what has come to be understood as [[supernova]] [[SN 1181]]. One of only eight supernovae in the [[Milky Way]] observed in recorded history. It appears in the [[Cassiopeia (constellation)\|Cassiopeia]] and is visible in the night sky for about 185 days. The radio source [[3C58]] was thought to be the remnant from this event, but opinion is shifting towards the recently discovered nebula Pa 30 (ref : Arxiv 2105.12384).</onlyinclude>		* Chinese and Japanese astronomers observe what has come to be understood as [[supernova]] [[SN 1181]]. One of only eight supernovae in the [[Milky Way]] observed in recorded history. It appears in the constellation [[Cassiopeia (constellation)\|Cassiopeia]] and is visible in the night sky for about 185 days. The radio source [[3C58]] was thought to be the remnant from this event, but opinion is shifting towards the recently discovered nebula Pa 30 (ref : Arxiv 2105.12384).</onlyinclude>

	== Births ==		== Births ==

Histrydude at 01:27, 16 September 2021

2021-09-16T01:27:46Z

← Previous revision		Revision as of 01:27, 16 September 2021
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	=== Europe ===		=== Europe ===
	* King [[Philip II of France\|Philip II]] ('''Augustus''') annuls all loans made by [[Jews]] to Christians, and takes a percentage for himself. A year later, he confiscates all Jewish property and expels the Jews from [[Paris]].<ref name=Baldwin2006>{{cite book\|last=Baldwin\|first=John\|title=Paris 1200\|year=2006\|publisher=Aubier\|location=Paris\|page=75}}</ref>		* French King [[Philip II of France\|Philip II]] ('''Augustus''') annuls all loans made by [[Jews]] to Christians, and takes a percentage for himself. A year later, he confiscates all Jewish property and expels the Jews from [[Paris]].<ref name=Baldwin2006>{{cite book\|last=Baldwin\|first=John\|title=Paris 1200\|year=2006\|publisher=Aubier\|location=Paris\|page=75}}</ref>
	* Philip II begins a war against [[Philip I, Count of Flanders\|Philip of Alsace]], count of [[County of Flanders\|Flanders]], over the [[Vermandois]]. He claims the territory for his wife [[Isabella of Hainault]] as her dowry. Philip is unwilling to give it up.<ref>Bradbury, Jim. (1997). ''Philip Augustus: King of France 1180–1223'', p. 245. The Medieval World (1st ed.). Routledge. {{ISBN\|978-0-582-06059-3}}.</ref>		* Philip II begins a war against [[Philip I, Count of Flanders\|Philip of Alsace]], count of [[County of Flanders\|Flanders]], over the [[Vermandois]]. He claims the territory for his wife [[Isabella of Hainault]] as her dowry. Philip is unwilling to give it up.<ref>Bradbury, Jim. (1997). ''Philip Augustus: King of France 1180–1223'', p. 245. The Medieval World (1st ed.). Routledge. {{ISBN\|978-0-582-06059-3}}.</ref>
	* [[Henry the Lion]], duke of [[Duchy of Saxony\|Saxony]], submits to Emperor [[Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor\|Frederick I]] ('''Barbarossa''') at an [[Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)\|Imperial Diet]] in [[Erfurt]]. He is banished to [[Kingdom of England\|England]] and retains only [[County of Brunswick\|Brunswick]] among his former lands.<ref>Williams, Hywel (2005). ''Cassell's Chronology of World History'', p. 128. {{ISBN\|0-304-35730-8}}.</ref>		* [[Henry the Lion]], duke of [[Duchy of Saxony\|Saxony]], submits to Emperor [[Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor\|Frederick I]] ('''Barbarossa''') at an [[Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)\|Imperial Diet]] in [[Erfurt]]. He is banished to [[Kingdom of England\|England]] and retains only [[County of Brunswick\|Brunswick]] among his former lands.<ref>Williams, Hywel (2005). ''Cassell's Chronology of World History'', p. 128. {{ISBN\|0-304-35730-8}}.</ref>

Mike32065: /* Asia */

2021-06-03T22:41:18Z

Asia

← Previous revision		Revision as of 22:41, 3 June 2021
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	==== Asia ====		==== Asia ====
	* [[March 20]] – [[Taira no Kiyomori]], Japanese military leader and dictator, dies at [[Kyoto]]. He ~~establishes~~ the first [[samurai]]-dominated administrative government in [[Japan]].		* [[March 20]] – [[Taira no Kiyomori]], Japanese military leader and dictator, dies at [[Kyoto]]. He established the first [[samurai]]-dominated administrative government in [[Japan]].
	* [[Jayavarman VII]] defeats the [[Chams]] and assumes control over the [[Khmer Empire]] (modern [[Cambodia]]).		* [[Jayavarman VII]] defeats the [[Chams]] and assumes control over the [[Khmer Empire]] (modern [[Cambodia]]).
	* The [[Yōwa]] era is marked by [[famine]] in Japan, during the period from July 1181 through May [[1182]].		* The [[Yōwa]] era is marked by [[famine]] in Japan, during the period from July 1181 through May [[1182]].

A Karley: /* Science */ Arxiv paper points to different SNR for 1181 "guest star". Help on referencing is ineffective.

2021-05-31T16:03:21Z

Science: Arxiv paper points to different SNR for 1181 "guest star". Help on referencing is ineffective.

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:03, 31 May 2021
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	==== Science ====		==== Science ====
	* January – [[William VIII of Montpellier]] frees the teaching of [[medicine]] from any monopoly in France,<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=SVm_Ycxj6p0C&pg=PA103 ''Mélanges d'histoire de la médecine hébraïque'', by Gad Freudenthal, Samuel S. Kottek, Paul Fenton compiled by Gad Freudenthal, Samuel S. Kottek published by Brill, 2002] {{ISBN\|90-04-12522-1\|978-90-04-12522-3}}</ref> an origin of the [[University of Montpellier]].		* January – [[William VIII of Montpellier]] frees the teaching of [[medicine]] from any monopoly in France,<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=SVm_Ycxj6p0C&pg=PA103 ''Mélanges d'histoire de la médecine hébraïque'', by Gad Freudenthal, Samuel S. Kottek, Paul Fenton compiled by Gad Freudenthal, Samuel S. Kottek published by Brill, 2002] {{ISBN\|90-04-12522-1\|978-90-04-12522-3}}</ref> an origin of the [[University of Montpellier]].
	* Chinese and Japanese astronomers observe what has come to be understood as [[supernova]] [[SN 1181]]. One of only eight supernovae in the [[Milky Way]] observed in recorded history. It appears in the [[Cassiopeia (constellation)\|Cassiopeia]] and is visible in the night sky for about 185 days. The radio source [[3C58]] is thought to be the remnant from this event.</onlyinclude>		* Chinese and Japanese astronomers observe what has come to be understood as [[supernova]] [[SN 1181]]. One of only eight supernovae in the [[Milky Way]] observed in recorded history. It appears in the [[Cassiopeia (constellation)\|Cassiopeia]] and is visible in the night sky for about 185 days. The radio source [[3C58]] was thought to be the remnant from this event, but opinion is shifting towards the recently discovered nebula Pa 30 (ref : Arxiv 2105.12384).</onlyinclude>

	== Births ==		== Births ==
	* [[March 22]] – [[Ibn al-Farid]], Arab poet and writer (d. [[1234]])		* [[March 22]] – [[Ibn al-Farid]], Arab poet and writer (d. [[1234]])

← Previous revision		Revision as of 20:03, 3 March 2023
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	* Philip II begins a war against [[Philip I, Count of Flanders\|Philip of Alsace]], count of [[County of Flanders\|Flanders]], over the [[Vermandois]]. He claims the territory for his wife [[Isabella of Hainault]] as her dowry. Philip is unwilling to give it up.<ref>Bradbury, Jim. (1997). ''Philip Augustus: King of France 1180–1223'', p. 245. The Medieval World (1st ed.). Routledge. {{ISBN\|978-0-582-06059-3}}.</ref>		* Philip II begins a war against [[Philip I, Count of Flanders\|Philip of Alsace]], count of [[County of Flanders\|Flanders]], over the [[Vermandois]]. He claims the territory for his wife [[Isabella of Hainault]] as her dowry. Philip is unwilling to give it up.<ref>Bradbury, Jim. (1997). ''Philip Augustus: King of France 1180–1223'', p. 245. The Medieval World (1st ed.). Routledge. {{ISBN\|978-0-582-06059-3}}.</ref>
	* [[Henry the Lion]], duke of [[Duchy of Saxony\|Saxony]], submits to Emperor [[Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor\|Frederick I]] ('''Barbarossa''') at an [[Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)\|Imperial Diet]] in [[Erfurt]]. He is banished to [[Kingdom of England\|England]] and retains only [[County of Brunswick\|Brunswick]] among his former lands.<ref>Williams, Hywel (2005). ''Cassell's Chronology of World History'', p. 128. {{ISBN\|0-304-35730-8}}.</ref>		* [[Henry the Lion]], duke of [[Duchy of Saxony\|Saxony]], submits to Emperor [[Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor\|Frederick I]] ('''Barbarossa''') at an [[Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)\|Imperial Diet]] in [[Erfurt]]. He is banished to [[Kingdom of England\|England]] and retains only [[County of Brunswick\|Brunswick]] among his former lands.<ref>Williams, Hywel (2005). ''Cassell's Chronology of World History'', p. 128. {{ISBN\|0-304-35730-8}}.</ref>
	* King [[Béla III of Hungary\|Béla III]] of [[Kingdom of Hungary\|Hungary]] and [[Croatia in union with Hungary\|Croatia]] goes to war with [[Republic of Venice\|Venice]] in an effort to recover [[Dalmatia]]. The city of [[Zadar]] (located on the [[Adriatic Sea]]) accepts Béla's suzerainty.<ref>Stephenson, Paul (2000). ''Byzantium's Balkan Frontier: A Political Study of the Northern Balkans, 900–1204'', p. 281. Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN\|978-0-521-02756-4}}.</ref>		* King [[Béla III of Hungary\|Béla III]] of [[Kingdom of Hungary\|Hungary]] and [[Croatia in union with Hungary\|Croatia]] goes to war with [[Republic of Venice\|Venice]] in an effort to recover [[Dalmatia]]. The city of [[Zadar]] (located on the [[Adriatic Sea]]) [[Byzantine–Hungarian War (1180–1185)\|accepts]] Béla's suzerainty.<ref>Stephenson, Paul (2000). ''Byzantium's Balkan Frontier: A Political Study of the Northern Balkans, 900–1204'', p. 281. Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN\|978-0-521-02756-4}}.</ref>
	* After a series of defeats, the [[Almohad Caliphate\|Almohad]] fleet under the admiral Ahmad al-Siqilli, crushes the Portuguese navy and reasserts its control over the [[Atlantic Ocean]].<ref name=Picard1997>{{cite book\|last=Picard\|first=Christophe\|title=La mer et les musulmans d'Occident VIIIe-XIIIe siècle\|year=1997\|publisher=Presses Universitaires de France\|location=Paris}}</ref>		* After a series of defeats, the [[Almohad Caliphate\|Almohad]] fleet under the admiral Ahmad al-Siqilli, crushes the Portuguese navy and reasserts its control over the [[Atlantic Ocean]].<ref name=Picard1997>{{cite book\|last=Picard\|first=Christophe\|title=La mer et les musulmans d'Occident VIIIe-XIIIe siècle\|year=1997\|publisher=Presses Universitaires de France\|location=Paris}}</ref>
	* The word [[Catharism\|Albigensians]] is first used by [[Geoffroy du Breuil\|Geoffroy du Breuil of Vigeois]], French [[abbot]] and chronicler, to describe the inhabitants of [[Albi]] in southern [[France]].		* The word [[Catharism\|Albigensians]] is first used by [[Geoffroy du Breuil\|Geoffroy du Breuil of Vigeois]], French [[abbot]] and chronicler, to describe the inhabitants of [[Albi]] in southern [[France]].