Adolf Hitler - Revision history

IdiosyncraticLawyer: Spacing

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Spacing

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	\| last=Pinkus		\| last=Pinkus
	\| first=Oscar		\| first=Oscar
	\| title=The War Aims and Strategies of Adolf Hitler		\| title=The War Aims and Strategies of Adolf Hitler
	\| publisher=McFarland & Company		\| publisher=McFarland & Company
	\| year=2005		\| year=2005
	\| isbn=978-0-7864-2054-4		\| isbn=978-0-7864-2054-4
	}}		}}
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	\| first = Fritz R.		\| first = Fritz R.
	\| title = Hitler: Diagnosis of a Destructive Prophet		\| title = Hitler: Diagnosis of a Destructive Prophet
	\| date = 2000		\| date = 2000
	\| publisher = Oxford University Press		\| publisher = Oxford University Press
	\| location = New York		\| location = New York
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	\|title=Nazism		\|title=Nazism
	\|url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Nazisma		\|url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Nazisma
	\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240228205817/https://www.britannica.com/event/Nazism		\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240228205817/https://www.britannica.com/event/Nazism
	\|archive-date=28 February 2024		\|archive-date=28 February 2024
	\|website=Britannica		\|website=Britannica
	\|ref={{sfnRef\|Britannica: Nazism}}		\|ref={{sfnRef\|Britannica: Nazism}}
	}}		}}
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	\| first = Bee		\| first = Bee
	\| title = Mein Diat – Adolf Hitler's diet		\| title = Mein Diat – Adolf Hitler's diet
	\| publisher =		\| publisher =
	\| website = New Statesman		\| website = New Statesman
	\| location = UK		\| location = UK
	\| date = 9 October 1998		\| date = 9 October 1998
	\| access-date =		\| access-date =
	\| url = https://www.questia.com/library/1G1-21238666/mein-diat		\| url = https://www.questia.com/library/1G1-21238666/mein-diat
	\| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131213032448/http://www.questia.com/library/1G1-21238666/mein-diat		\| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131213032448/http://www.questia.com/library/1G1-21238666/mein-diat
	\| archive-date = 13 December 2013		\| archive-date = 13 December 2013
	\| url-status =		\| url-status =
	}}		}}
	* {{cite web		* {{cite web

RJFF: Undid revision 1254263411 by BlackAmerican (talk): the Frankenberger hypothesis is generally rejected by historians. The only recent proponent of the theory, Leonard Sax, is not a historian, but a psychologist, and has been expressly refuted by historians.

2024-11-13T13:19:09Z

Undid revision 1254263411 by BlackAmerican (talk): the Frankenberger hypothesis is generally rejected by historians. The only recent proponent of the theory, Leonard Sax, is not a historian, but a psychologist, and has been expressly refuted by historians.

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	Hitler's father, [[Alois Hitler]] (1837–1903), was the [[Legitimacy (family law)\|illegitimate]] child of [[Maria Schicklgruber]].{{sfn\|Bullock\|1999\|p=24}} The baptismal register did not show the name of his father, and Alois initially bore his mother's surname, "Schicklgruber". In 1842, [[Johann Georg Hiedler]] married Alois's mother. Alois was brought up in the family of Hiedler's brother, [[Johann Nepomuk Hiedler]].{{sfn\|Maser\|1973\|p=4}} In 1876, Alois was made legitimate and his baptismal record annotated by a priest to register Johann Georg Hiedler as Alois's father (recorded as "Georg Hitler").{{sfn\|Maser\|1973\|p=15}}{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|p=5}} Alois then assumed the surname "Hitler",{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|p=5}} also spelled {{lang\|de\|"Hiedler", "Hüttler"\|italic=no}}, or {{lang\|de\|"Huettler"\|italic=no}}. The name is probably based on the German word {{lang\|de\|Hütte}} ({{Literal translation\|hut}}), and has the meaning "one who lives in a hut".{{sfn\|Jetzinger\|1976\|p=32}}		Hitler's father, [[Alois Hitler]] (1837–1903), was the [[Legitimacy (family law)\|illegitimate]] child of [[Maria Schicklgruber]].{{sfn\|Bullock\|1999\|p=24}} The baptismal register did not show the name of his father, and Alois initially bore his mother's surname, "Schicklgruber". In 1842, [[Johann Georg Hiedler]] married Alois's mother. Alois was brought up in the family of Hiedler's brother, [[Johann Nepomuk Hiedler]].{{sfn\|Maser\|1973\|p=4}} In 1876, Alois was made legitimate and his baptismal record annotated by a priest to register Johann Georg Hiedler as Alois's father (recorded as "Georg Hitler").{{sfn\|Maser\|1973\|p=15}}{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|p=5}} Alois then assumed the surname "Hitler",{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|p=5}} also spelled {{lang\|de\|"Hiedler", "Hüttler"\|italic=no}}, or {{lang\|de\|"Huettler"\|italic=no}}. The name is probably based on the German word {{lang\|de\|Hütte}} ({{Literal translation\|hut}}), and has the meaning "one who lives in a hut".{{sfn\|Jetzinger\|1976\|p=32}}

	Nazi official [[Hans Frank]] suggested that Alois's mother had been employed as a housekeeper by a [[Jewish]] family in [[Graz]], and that the family's 19-year-old son Leopold Frankenberger had fathered Alois, a claim that came to be known as the [[Frankenberger thesis]].{{sfn\|Rosenbaum\|1999\|p=21}} No Frankenberger was registered in Graz during that period, no record has been produced of Leopold Frankenberger's existence,{{sfn\|Hamann\|2010\|p=50}} so ~~some~~ historians dismiss the claim that Alois's father was Jewish.{{sfn\|Toland\|1992\|pp=246–247}}{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|pp=8–9}}		Nazi official [[Hans Frank]] suggested that Alois's mother had been employed as a housekeeper by a [[Jewish]] family in [[Graz]], and that the family's 19-year-old son Leopold Frankenberger had fathered Alois, a claim that came to be known as the [[Frankenberger thesis]].{{sfn\|Rosenbaum\|1999\|p=21}} No Frankenberger was registered in Graz during that period, no record has been produced of Leopold Frankenberger's existence,{{sfn\|Hamann\|2010\|p=50}} so historians dismiss the claim that Alois's father was Jewish.{{sfn\|Toland\|1992\|pp=246–247}}{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|pp=8–9}}

	== Early years ==		== Early years ==

Smallangryplanet: /* Rearmament and new alliances */ Small copyedit for undue

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Rearmament and new alliances: Small copyedit for undue

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	{{Main\|Axis powers\|Tripartite Pact\|German re-armament}}		{{Main\|Axis powers\|Tripartite Pact\|German re-armament}}

	In a meeting with German military leaders on 3 February 1933, Hitler spoke of "conquest for {{lang\|de\|Lebensraum}} in the East and its ruthless Germanisation" as his ultimate foreign policy objectives.{{sfn\|Weinberg\|1970\|pp=26–27}} In March, Prince Bernhard Wilhelm von Bülow, secretary at the [[Federal Foreign Office\|Foreign Office]] ({{lang\|de\|Auswärtiges Amt}}), issued a statement of major foreign policy aims: {{lang\|de\|[[Anschluss]]}} with Austria, the restoration of Germany's national borders of 1914, rejection of military restrictions under the Treaty of Versailles, the return of the former German colonies in Africa, and a German zone of influence in Eastern Europe. Hitler found Bülow's goals to be too modest.{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|pp=490–491}} In speeches during this period, he stressed the peaceful goals of his policies and a willingness to work within international agreements.{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|pp=492, 555–556, 586–587}} At the first meeting of his cabinet in 1933, Hitler prioritised military spending over unemployment relief.{{sfn\|Carr\|1972\|p=23}}		In a meeting with German military leaders on 3 February 1933, Hitler spoke of "conquest for {{lang\|de\|Lebensraum}} in the East and its ruthless Germanisation" as his ultimate foreign policy objectives.{{sfn\|Weinberg\|1970\|pp=26–27}} In March, Prince Bernhard Wilhelm von Bülow, secretary at the [[Federal Foreign Office\|Foreign Office]] ({{lang\|de\|Auswärtiges Amt}}), issued a statement of major foreign policy aims: {{lang\|de\|[[Anschluss]]}} with Austria, the restoration of Germany's national borders of 1914, rejection of military restrictions under the Treaty of Versailles, the return of the former German colonies in Africa, and a German zone of influence in Eastern Europe. Hitler found Bülow's goals to be too modest.{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|pp=490–491}} In speeches during this period, he stressed what he termed the peaceful goals of his policies and a willingness to work within international agreements.{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|pp=492, 555–556, 586–587}} At the first meeting of his cabinet in 1933, Hitler prioritised military spending over unemployment relief.{{sfn\|Carr\|1972\|p=23}}

	Germany withdrew from the [[League of Nations]] and the [[World Disarmament Conference]] in October 1933.{{sfn\|Kershaw\|2008\|p=297}} In January 1935, over 90 per cent of the people of the [[Saarland]], then under League of Nations administration, [[1935 Saar status referendum\|voted to unite with Germany]].{{sfn\|Shirer\|1960\|p=283}} That March, Hitler announced an expansion of the Wehrmacht to 600,000 members—six times the number permitted by the Versailles Treaty{{snd}}including development of an air force ({{lang\|de\|[[Luftwaffe]]}}) and an increase in the size of the navy ({{lang\|de\|[[Kriegsmarine]]}}). Britain, France, Italy, and the League of Nations condemned these violations of the Treaty but did nothing to stop it.{{sfn\|Messerschmidt\|1990\|pp=601–602}}{{sfn\|Martin\|2008}} The [[Anglo-German Naval Agreement]] (AGNA) of 18 June allowed German tonnage to increase to 35 per cent of that of the British navy. Hitler called the signing of the AGNA "the happiest day of his life", believing that the agreement marked the beginning of the Anglo-German alliance he had predicted in {{lang\|de\|Mein Kampf}}.{{sfn\|Hildebrand\|1973\|p=39}} France and Italy were not consulted before the signing, directly undermining the League of Nations and setting the Treaty of Versailles on the path towards irrelevance.{{sfn\|Roberts\|1975\|p=}}		Germany withdrew from the [[League of Nations]] and the [[World Disarmament Conference]] in October 1933.{{sfn\|Kershaw\|2008\|p=297}} In January 1935, over 90 per cent of the people of the [[Saarland]], then under League of Nations administration, [[1935 Saar status referendum\|voted to unite with Germany]].{{sfn\|Shirer\|1960\|p=283}} That March, Hitler announced an expansion of the Wehrmacht to 600,000 members—six times the number permitted by the Versailles Treaty{{snd}}including development of an air force ({{lang\|de\|[[Luftwaffe]]}}) and an increase in the size of the navy ({{lang\|de\|[[Kriegsmarine]]}}). Britain, France, Italy, and the League of Nations condemned these violations of the Treaty but did nothing to stop it.{{sfn\|Messerschmidt\|1990\|pp=601–602}}{{sfn\|Martin\|2008}} The [[Anglo-German Naval Agreement]] (AGNA) of 18 June allowed German tonnage to increase to 35 per cent of that of the British navy. Hitler called the signing of the AGNA "the happiest day of his life", believing that the agreement marked the beginning of the Anglo-German alliance he had predicted in {{lang\|de\|Mein Kampf}}.{{sfn\|Hildebrand\|1973\|p=39}} France and Italy were not consulted before the signing, directly undermining the League of Nations and setting the Treaty of Versailles on the path towards irrelevance.{{sfn\|Roberts\|1975\|p=}}

Diannaa: /* Ancestry */ fix template

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Ancestry: fix template

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	== Ancestry ==		== Ancestry ==
	{{see also\|Hitler family~~}}, {{see also~~\|Origin theories of Adolf Hitler}}		{{see also\|Hitler family\|Origin theories of Adolf Hitler}}
	Hitler's father, [[Alois Hitler]] (1837–1903), was the [[Legitimacy (family law)\|illegitimate]] child of [[Maria Schicklgruber]].{{sfn\|Bullock\|1999\|p=24}} The baptismal register did not show the name of his father, and Alois initially bore his mother's surname, "Schicklgruber". In 1842, [[Johann Georg Hiedler]] married Alois's mother. Alois was brought up in the family of Hiedler's brother, [[Johann Nepomuk Hiedler]].{{sfn\|Maser\|1973\|p=4}} In 1876, Alois was made legitimate and his baptismal record annotated by a priest to register Johann Georg Hiedler as Alois's father (recorded as "Georg Hitler").{{sfn\|Maser\|1973\|p=15}}{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|p=5}} Alois then assumed the surname "Hitler",{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|p=5}} also spelled {{lang\|de\|"Hiedler", "Hüttler"\|italic=no}}, or {{lang\|de\|"Huettler"\|italic=no}}. The name is probably based on the German word {{lang\|de\|Hütte}} ({{Literal translation\|hut}}), and has the meaning "one who lives in a hut".{{sfn\|Jetzinger\|1976\|p=32}}		Hitler's father, [[Alois Hitler]] (1837–1903), was the [[Legitimacy (family law)\|illegitimate]] child of [[Maria Schicklgruber]].{{sfn\|Bullock\|1999\|p=24}} The baptismal register did not show the name of his father, and Alois initially bore his mother's surname, "Schicklgruber". In 1842, [[Johann Georg Hiedler]] married Alois's mother. Alois was brought up in the family of Hiedler's brother, [[Johann Nepomuk Hiedler]].{{sfn\|Maser\|1973\|p=4}} In 1876, Alois was made legitimate and his baptismal record annotated by a priest to register Johann Georg Hiedler as Alois's father (recorded as "Georg Hitler").{{sfn\|Maser\|1973\|p=15}}{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|p=5}} Alois then assumed the surname "Hitler",{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|p=5}} also spelled {{lang\|de\|"Hiedler", "Hüttler"\|italic=no}}, or {{lang\|de\|"Huettler"\|italic=no}}. The name is probably based on the German word {{lang\|de\|Hütte}} ({{Literal translation\|hut}}), and has the meaning "one who lives in a hut".{{sfn\|Jetzinger\|1976\|p=32}}

BlackAmerican: /* Ancestry */

2024-10-30T04:57:37Z

Ancestry

← Previous revision		Revision as of 04:57, 30 October 2024
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	Hitler's father, [[Alois Hitler]] (1837–1903), was the [[Legitimacy (family law)\|illegitimate]] child of [[Maria Schicklgruber]].{{sfn\|Bullock\|1999\|p=24}} The baptismal register did not show the name of his father, and Alois initially bore his mother's surname, "Schicklgruber". In 1842, [[Johann Georg Hiedler]] married Alois's mother. Alois was brought up in the family of Hiedler's brother, [[Johann Nepomuk Hiedler]].{{sfn\|Maser\|1973\|p=4}} In 1876, Alois was made legitimate and his baptismal record annotated by a priest to register Johann Georg Hiedler as Alois's father (recorded as "Georg Hitler").{{sfn\|Maser\|1973\|p=15}}{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|p=5}} Alois then assumed the surname "Hitler",{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|p=5}} also spelled {{lang\|de\|"Hiedler", "Hüttler"\|italic=no}}, or {{lang\|de\|"Huettler"\|italic=no}}. The name is probably based on the German word {{lang\|de\|Hütte}} ({{Literal translation\|hut}}), and has the meaning "one who lives in a hut".{{sfn\|Jetzinger\|1976\|p=32}}		Hitler's father, [[Alois Hitler]] (1837–1903), was the [[Legitimacy (family law)\|illegitimate]] child of [[Maria Schicklgruber]].{{sfn\|Bullock\|1999\|p=24}} The baptismal register did not show the name of his father, and Alois initially bore his mother's surname, "Schicklgruber". In 1842, [[Johann Georg Hiedler]] married Alois's mother. Alois was brought up in the family of Hiedler's brother, [[Johann Nepomuk Hiedler]].{{sfn\|Maser\|1973\|p=4}} In 1876, Alois was made legitimate and his baptismal record annotated by a priest to register Johann Georg Hiedler as Alois's father (recorded as "Georg Hitler").{{sfn\|Maser\|1973\|p=15}}{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|p=5}} Alois then assumed the surname "Hitler",{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|p=5}} also spelled {{lang\|de\|"Hiedler", "Hüttler"\|italic=no}}, or {{lang\|de\|"Huettler"\|italic=no}}. The name is probably based on the German word {{lang\|de\|Hütte}} ({{Literal translation\|hut}}), and has the meaning "one who lives in a hut".{{sfn\|Jetzinger\|1976\|p=32}}

	Nazi official [[Hans Frank]] suggested that Alois's mother had been employed as a housekeeper by a [[Jewish]] family in [[Graz]], and that the family's 19-year-old son Leopold Frankenberger had fathered Alois, a claim that came to be known as the [[Frankenberger thesis]].{{sfn\|Rosenbaum\|1999\|p=21}} No Frankenberger was registered in Graz during that period, no record has been produced of Leopold Frankenberger's existence,{{sfn\|Hamann\|2010\|p=50}} so historians dismiss the claim that Alois's father was Jewish.{{sfn\|Toland\|1992\|pp=246–247}}{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|pp=8–9}}		Nazi official [[Hans Frank]] suggested that Alois's mother had been employed as a housekeeper by a [[Jewish]] family in [[Graz]], and that the family's 19-year-old son Leopold Frankenberger had fathered Alois, a claim that came to be known as the [[Frankenberger thesis]].{{sfn\|Rosenbaum\|1999\|p=21}} No Frankenberger was registered in Graz during that period, no record has been produced of Leopold Frankenberger's existence,{{sfn\|Hamann\|2010\|p=50}} so some historians dismiss the claim that Alois's father was Jewish.{{sfn\|Toland\|1992\|pp=246–247}}{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|pp=8–9}}

	== Early years ==		== Early years ==

BlackAmerican: /* Ancestry */

2024-10-30T04:56:43Z

Ancestry

← Previous revision		Revision as of 04:56, 30 October 2024
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	== Ancestry ==		== Ancestry ==
	{{see also\|Hitler family}}		{{see also\|Hitler family}}, {{see also\|Origin theories of Adolf Hitler}}
	Hitler's father, [[Alois Hitler]] (1837–1903), was the [[Legitimacy (family law)\|illegitimate]] child of [[Maria Schicklgruber]].{{sfn\|Bullock\|1999\|p=24}} The baptismal register did not show the name of his father, and Alois initially bore his mother's surname, "Schicklgruber". In 1842, [[Johann Georg Hiedler]] married Alois's mother. Alois was brought up in the family of Hiedler's brother, [[Johann Nepomuk Hiedler]].{{sfn\|Maser\|1973\|p=4}} In 1876, Alois was made legitimate and his baptismal record annotated by a priest to register Johann Georg Hiedler as Alois's father (recorded as "Georg Hitler").{{sfn\|Maser\|1973\|p=15}}{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|p=5}} Alois then assumed the surname "Hitler",{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|p=5}} also spelled {{lang\|de\|"Hiedler", "Hüttler"\|italic=no}}, or {{lang\|de\|"Huettler"\|italic=no}}. The name is probably based on the German word {{lang\|de\|Hütte}} ({{Literal translation\|hut}}), and has the meaning "one who lives in a hut".{{sfn\|Jetzinger\|1976\|p=32}}		Hitler's father, [[Alois Hitler]] (1837–1903), was the [[Legitimacy (family law)\|illegitimate]] child of [[Maria Schicklgruber]].{{sfn\|Bullock\|1999\|p=24}} The baptismal register did not show the name of his father, and Alois initially bore his mother's surname, "Schicklgruber". In 1842, [[Johann Georg Hiedler]] married Alois's mother. Alois was brought up in the family of Hiedler's brother, [[Johann Nepomuk Hiedler]].{{sfn\|Maser\|1973\|p=4}} In 1876, Alois was made legitimate and his baptismal record annotated by a priest to register Johann Georg Hiedler as Alois's father (recorded as "Georg Hitler").{{sfn\|Maser\|1973\|p=15}}{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|p=5}} Alois then assumed the surname "Hitler",{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|p=5}} also spelled {{lang\|de\|"Hiedler", "Hüttler"\|italic=no}}, or {{lang\|de\|"Huettler"\|italic=no}}. The name is probably based on the German word {{lang\|de\|Hütte}} ({{Literal translation\|hut}}), and has the meaning "one who lives in a hut".{{sfn\|Jetzinger\|1976\|p=32}}

Remsense: Restored revision 1252713072 by Goszei (talk): Unexplained

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Restored revision 1252713072 by Goszei (talk): Unexplained

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	{{Short description\|Dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945}}		{{Short description\|Dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945}}
	{{Redirect2\|Hitler\|The Führer\|\|Hitler (disambiguation)\|and\|Führer (disambiguation)}}		{{Redirect2\|Hitler\|The Führer\|\|Hitler (disambiguation)\|and\|Führer (disambiguation)}}
	{{Good article}}		{{Good article}}
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	{{Adolf Hitler series}}		{{Adolf Hitler series}}

	'''Adolf Hitler{{efn\|Pronunciation: {{IPA\|de\|ˈaːdɔlf ˈhɪtlɐ\|lang\|GT AH AMS.ogg}}}}''' (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was the [[dictator]] of Germany from 1933 until [[Death of Adolf Hitler\|his suicide]] in 1945. [[Adolf Hitler's rise to power\|He rose to power]] as the leader of the [[Nazi Party]],{{efn\|Officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party ({{langx\|de\|Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei}}{{Efn\|Pronounced {{IPA\|de\|natsi̯oˈnaːlzotsi̯aˌlɪstɪʃə ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈʔaʁbaɪtɐpaʁˌtaɪ\|\|De-Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei.ogg}}}} or NSDAP)}} becoming [[Chancellor of Germany#Nazi Germany (1933–1945)\|the chancellor]] in 1933 and then taking the title of {{lang\|de\|[[Führer und Reichskanzler]]}} in 1934.{{efn\|The position of {{lang\|de\|Führer und Reichskanzler}} ("Leader and Chancellor") replaced the position of President, which was the [[head of state]] for the [[Weimar Republic]]. Hitler took this title after the death of [[Paul von Hindenburg]], who had been serving as President. He was afterwards both head of state and [[head of government]], with the full official title of {{lang\|de\|Führer und Reichskanzler des Deutschen Reiches und Volkes}} ("Führer and Reich Chancellor of the German Reich and People").{{sfn\|Shirer\|1960\|pp=226–227}}{{sfn\|Overy\|2005\|p=63}}}} His [[invasion of Poland]] on 1 September 1939 marked the start of the [[European theatre of World War II\|Second World War]]. He was closely involved in military operations throughout the war and was central to the perpetration of [[the Holocaust]]: the [[genocide]] of [[Holocaust victims\|about six million Jews and millions of other victims]].		'''Adolf Hitler{{efn\|Pronunciation: {{IPA\|de\|ˈaːdɔlf ˈhɪtlɐ\|lang\|GT AH AMS.ogg}}}}''' (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was the [[dictator]] of [[Nazi Germany]] from 1933 until [[Death of Adolf Hitler\|his suicide]] in 1945. [[Adolf Hitler's rise to power\|He rose to power]] as the leader of the [[Nazi Party]],{{efn\|Officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party ({{langx\|de\|Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei}}{{Efn\|Pronounced {{IPA\|de\|natsi̯oˈnaːlzotsi̯aˌlɪstɪʃə ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈʔaʁbaɪtɐpaʁˌtaɪ\|\|De-Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei.ogg}}}} or NSDAP)}} becoming [[Chancellor of Germany#Nazi Germany (1933–1945)\|the chancellor]] in 1933 and then taking the title of {{lang\|de\|[[Führer und Reichskanzler]]}} in 1934.{{efn\|The position of {{lang\|de\|Führer und Reichskanzler}} ("Leader and Chancellor") replaced the position of President, which was the [[head of state]] for the [[Weimar Republic]]. Hitler took this title after the death of [[Paul von Hindenburg]], who had been serving as President. He was afterwards both head of state and [[head of government]], with the full official title of {{lang\|de\|Führer und Reichskanzler des Deutschen Reiches und Volkes}} ("Führer and Reich Chancellor of the German Reich and People").{{sfn\|Shirer\|1960\|pp=226–227}}{{sfn\|Overy\|2005\|p=63}}}} His [[invasion of Poland]] on 1 September 1939 marked the start of the [[European theatre of World War II\|Second World War]]. He was closely involved in military operations throughout the war and was central to the perpetration of [[the Holocaust]]: the [[genocide]] of [[Holocaust victims\|about six million Jews and millions of other victims]].

	Hitler was born in [[Braunau am Inn]] in [[Austria-Hungary]] and was raised near [[Linz]]. He lived in [[Vienna]] in the first decade of the 1900s before moving to [[German Empire\|Germany]] in 1913. He was decorated during [[Military career of Adolf Hitler\|his service in the German Army]] in [[World War I]], receiving the [[Iron Cross]]. In 1919, he joined the [[German Workers' Party]] (DAP), the precursor of the Nazi Party, and in 1921 was appointed leader of the Nazi Party. In 1923, he attempted to seize governmental power in [[Beer Hall Putsch\|a failed coup in Munich]] and was sentenced to five years in prison, serving just over a year of his sentence. While there, he dictated the first volume of his [[autobiography]] and [[political manifesto]] {{lang\|de\|[[Mein Kampf]]}} (''My Struggle''). After his early release in 1924, Hitler gained popular support by attacking the [[Treaty of Versailles]] and promoting [[pan-Germanism]], [[antisemitism]], and [[anti-communism]] with [[Charismatic authority\|charismatic]] oratory and [[Propaganda in Nazi Germany\|Nazi propaganda]]. He frequently denounced [[communism]] as being part of an [[international Jewish conspiracy]].		Hitler was born in [[Braunau am Inn]] in [[Austria-Hungary]] and was raised near [[Linz]]. He lived in [[Vienna]] in the first decade of the 1900s before moving to [[German Empire\|Germany]] in 1913. He was decorated during [[Military career of Adolf Hitler\|his service in the German Army]] in [[World War I]], receiving the [[Iron Cross]]. In 1919, he joined the [[German Workers' Party]] (DAP), the precursor of the Nazi Party, and in 1921 was appointed leader of the Nazi Party. In 1923, he attempted to seize governmental power in [[Beer Hall Putsch\|a failed coup in Munich]] and was sentenced to five years in prison, serving just over a year of his sentence. While there, he dictated the first volume of his [[autobiography]] and [[political manifesto]] {{lang\|de\|[[Mein Kampf]]}} (''My Struggle''). After his early release in 1924, Hitler gained popular support by attacking the [[Treaty of Versailles]] and promoting [[pan-Germanism]], [[antisemitism]], and [[anti-communism]] with [[Charismatic authority\|charismatic]] oratory and [[Propaganda in Nazi Germany\|Nazi propaganda]]. He frequently denounced [[communism]] as being part of an [[international Jewish conspiracy]].

Thrakkx at 07:35, 26 October 2024

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	{{Adolf Hitler series}}		{{Adolf Hitler series}}

	'''Adolf Hitler{{efn\|Pronunciation: {{IPA\|de\|ˈaːdɔlf ˈhɪtlɐ\|lang\|GT AH AMS.ogg}}}}''' (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was the [[dictator]] of ~~[[Nazi~~ Germany]] from 1933 until [[Death of Adolf Hitler\|his suicide]] in 1945. [[Adolf Hitler's rise to power\|He rose to power]] as the leader of the [[Nazi Party]],{{efn\|Officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party ({{langx\|de\|Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei}}{{Efn\|Pronounced {{IPA\|de\|natsi̯oˈnaːlzotsi̯aˌlɪstɪʃə ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈʔaʁbaɪtɐpaʁˌtaɪ\|\|De-Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei.ogg}}}} or NSDAP)}} becoming [[Chancellor of Germany#Nazi Germany (1933–1945)\|the chancellor]] in 1933 and then taking the title of {{lang\|de\|[[Führer und Reichskanzler]]}} in 1934.{{efn\|The position of {{lang\|de\|Führer und Reichskanzler}} ("Leader and Chancellor") replaced the position of President, which was the [[head of state]] for the [[Weimar Republic]]. Hitler took this title after the death of [[Paul von Hindenburg]], who had been serving as President. He was afterwards both head of state and [[head of government]], with the full official title of {{lang\|de\|Führer und Reichskanzler des Deutschen Reiches und Volkes}} ("Führer and Reich Chancellor of the German Reich and People").{{sfn\|Shirer\|1960\|pp=226–227}}{{sfn\|Overy\|2005\|p=63}}}} His [[invasion of Poland]] on 1 September 1939 marked the start of the [[European theatre of World War II\|Second World War]]. He was closely involved in military operations throughout the war and was central to the perpetration of [[the Holocaust]]: the [[genocide]] of [[Holocaust victims\|about six million Jews and millions of other victims]].		'''Adolf Hitler{{efn\|Pronunciation: {{IPA\|de\|ˈaːdɔlf ˈhɪtlɐ\|lang\|GT AH AMS.ogg}}}}''' (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was the [[dictator]] of Germany from 1933 until [[Death of Adolf Hitler\|his suicide]] in 1945. [[Adolf Hitler's rise to power\|He rose to power]] as the leader of the [[Nazi Party]],{{efn\|Officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party ({{langx\|de\|Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei}}{{Efn\|Pronounced {{IPA\|de\|natsi̯oˈnaːlzotsi̯aˌlɪstɪʃə ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈʔaʁbaɪtɐpaʁˌtaɪ\|\|De-Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei.ogg}}}} or NSDAP)}} becoming [[Chancellor of Germany#Nazi Germany (1933–1945)\|the chancellor]] in 1933 and then taking the title of {{lang\|de\|[[Führer und Reichskanzler]]}} in 1934.{{efn\|The position of {{lang\|de\|Führer und Reichskanzler}} ("Leader and Chancellor") replaced the position of President, which was the [[head of state]] for the [[Weimar Republic]]. Hitler took this title after the death of [[Paul von Hindenburg]], who had been serving as President. He was afterwards both head of state and [[head of government]], with the full official title of {{lang\|de\|Führer und Reichskanzler des Deutschen Reiches und Volkes}} ("Führer and Reich Chancellor of the German Reich and People").{{sfn\|Shirer\|1960\|pp=226–227}}{{sfn\|Overy\|2005\|p=63}}}} His [[invasion of Poland]] on 1 September 1939 marked the start of the [[European theatre of World War II\|Second World War]]. He was closely involved in military operations throughout the war and was central to the perpetration of [[the Holocaust]]: the [[genocide]] of [[Holocaust victims\|about six million Jews and millions of other victims]].

	Hitler was born in [[Braunau am Inn]] in [[Austria-Hungary]] and was raised near [[Linz]]. He lived in [[Vienna]] in the first decade of the 1900s before moving to [[German Empire\|Germany]] in 1913. He was decorated during [[Military career of Adolf Hitler\|his service in the German Army]] in [[World War I]], receiving the [[Iron Cross]]. In 1919, he joined the [[German Workers' Party]] (DAP), the precursor of the Nazi Party, and in 1921 was appointed leader of the Nazi Party. In 1923, he attempted to seize governmental power in [[Beer Hall Putsch\|a failed coup in Munich]] and was sentenced to five years in prison, serving just over a year of his sentence. While there, he dictated the first volume of his [[autobiography]] and [[political manifesto]] {{lang\|de\|[[Mein Kampf]]}} (''My Struggle''). After his early release in 1924, Hitler gained popular support by attacking the [[Treaty of Versailles]] and promoting [[pan-Germanism]], [[antisemitism]], and [[anti-communism]] with [[Charismatic authority\|charismatic]] oratory and [[Propaganda in Nazi Germany\|Nazi propaganda]]. He frequently denounced [[communism]] as being part of an [[international Jewish conspiracy]].		Hitler was born in [[Braunau am Inn]] in [[Austria-Hungary]] and was raised near [[Linz]]. He lived in [[Vienna]] in the first decade of the 1900s before moving to [[German Empire\|Germany]] in 1913. He was decorated during [[Military career of Adolf Hitler\|his service in the German Army]] in [[World War I]], receiving the [[Iron Cross]]. In 1919, he joined the [[German Workers' Party]] (DAP), the precursor of the Nazi Party, and in 1921 was appointed leader of the Nazi Party. In 1923, he attempted to seize governmental power in [[Beer Hall Putsch\|a failed coup in Munich]] and was sentenced to five years in prison, serving just over a year of his sentence. While there, he dictated the first volume of his [[autobiography]] and [[political manifesto]] {{lang\|de\|[[Mein Kampf]]}} (''My Struggle''). After his early release in 1924, Hitler gained popular support by attacking the [[Treaty of Versailles]] and promoting [[pan-Germanism]], [[antisemitism]], and [[anti-communism]] with [[Charismatic authority\|charismatic]] oratory and [[Propaganda in Nazi Germany\|Nazi propaganda]]. He frequently denounced [[communism]] as being part of an [[international Jewish conspiracy]].

Thrakkx: Updated short description

2024-10-26T07:35:09Z

Updated short description

← Previous revision		Revision as of 07:35, 26 October 2024
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	{{Short description\|Dictator of ~~Nazi~~ Germany from 1933 to 1945}}		{{Short description\|Dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945}}
	{{Redirect2\|Hitler\|The Führer\|\|Hitler (disambiguation)\|and\|Führer (disambiguation)}}		{{Redirect2\|Hitler\|The Führer\|\|Hitler (disambiguation)\|and\|Führer (disambiguation)}}
	{{Good article}}		{{Good article}}

Goszei: /* The Holocaust */ higher quality

2024-10-22T16:46:28Z

The Holocaust: higher quality

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:46, 22 October 2024
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	The Holocaust and Germany's war in the East were based on Hitler's long-standing view that the Jews were the enemy of the German people, and that {{lang\|de\|[[Lebensraum]]}} was needed for Germany's expansion. He focused on Eastern Europe for this expansion, aiming to defeat Poland and the Soviet Union and then removing or killing the Jews and [[Slavs]].{{sfn\|Gellately\|1996}} The {{lang\|de\|[[Generalplan Ost]]}} (General Plan East) called for deporting the population of occupied Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union to West Siberia, for use as slave labour or to be murdered;{{sfn\|Snyder\|2010\|p=416}} the conquered territories were to be colonised by German or "Germanised" settlers.{{sfn\|Steinberg\|1995}} The goal was to implement this plan after the conquest of the Soviet Union, but when this failed, Hitler moved the plans forward.{{sfn\|Snyder\|2010\|p=416}}{{sfn\|Kershaw\|2008\|p=683}} By January 1942, he had decided that the Jews, Slavs, and other deportees considered undesirable should be killed.{{sfn\|Shirer\|1960\|p=965}}{{efn\|name=recent scholarship}}		The Holocaust and Germany's war in the East were based on Hitler's long-standing view that the Jews were the enemy of the German people, and that {{lang\|de\|[[Lebensraum]]}} was needed for Germany's expansion. He focused on Eastern Europe for this expansion, aiming to defeat Poland and the Soviet Union and then removing or killing the Jews and [[Slavs]].{{sfn\|Gellately\|1996}} The {{lang\|de\|[[Generalplan Ost]]}} (General Plan East) called for deporting the population of occupied Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union to West Siberia, for use as slave labour or to be murdered;{{sfn\|Snyder\|2010\|p=416}} the conquered territories were to be colonised by German or "Germanised" settlers.{{sfn\|Steinberg\|1995}} The goal was to implement this plan after the conquest of the Soviet Union, but when this failed, Hitler moved the plans forward.{{sfn\|Snyder\|2010\|p=416}}{{sfn\|Kershaw\|2008\|p=683}} By January 1942, he had decided that the Jews, Slavs, and other deportees considered undesirable should be killed.{{sfn\|Shirer\|1960\|p=965}}{{efn\|name=recent scholarship}}

	[[File:~~Aktion~~ ~~brand~~.jpg\|upright=0.8\|thumb\|Hitler's order for {{lang\|de\|[[Aktion T4]]}}, dated 1 September 1939]]		[[File:Erlass von Hitler - Nürnberger Dokument PS-630 - datiert 1. September 1939.jpg\|upright=0.8\|thumb\|Hitler's order for {{lang\|de\|[[Aktion T4]]}}, dated 1 September 1939]]

	The genocide was organised and executed by [[Heinrich Himmler]] and [[Reinhard Heydrich]]. The records of the [[Wannsee Conference]], held on 20 January 1942 and led by Heydrich, with fifteen senior Nazi officials participating, provide the clearest evidence of systematic planning for the Holocaust. On 22 February, Hitler was recorded saying, "we shall regain our health only by eliminating the Jews".{{sfn\|Naimark\|2002\|p=81}} Similarly, at a meeting in July 1941 with leading functionaries of the Eastern territories, Hitler said that the easiest way to quickly pacify the areas would be best achieved by "shooting everyone who even looks odd".{{sfn\|Longerich\|2005\|p=116}} Although no direct order from Hitler authorising the mass killings has surfaced,{{sfn\|Megargee\|2007\|p=146}} his public speeches, orders to his generals, and the diaries of Nazi officials demonstrate that he conceived and authorised the extermination of European Jewry.{{sfn\|Longerich, Chapter 15\|2003}}{{sfn\|Longerich, Chapter 17\|2003}} During the war, Hitler repeatedly stated his [[Hitler's prophecy\|prophecy of 1939]] was being fulfilled, namely, that a world war would bring about the annihilation of the Jewish race.{{sfn\|Kershaw\|2000b\|pp=459–462}} Hitler approved the {{lang\|de\|[[Einsatzgruppen]]}}—killing squads that followed the German army through Poland, the Baltic, and the Soviet Union{{sfn\|Kershaw\|2008\|pp=670–675}}—and was well informed about their activities.{{sfn\|Longerich, Chapter 15\|2003}}{{sfn\|Megargee\|2007\|p=144}} By summer 1942, [[Auschwitz concentration camp]] was expanded to accommodate large numbers of deportees for murder or [[Forced labour under German rule during World War II\|enslavement]].{{sfn\|Kershaw\|2008\|p=687}} Scores of other concentration camps and satellite camps were set up throughout Europe, with [[Extermination camp\|several camps devoted exclusively to extermination]].{{sfn\|Evans\|2008\|loc=map, p. 366}}		The genocide was organised and executed by [[Heinrich Himmler]] and [[Reinhard Heydrich]]. The records of the [[Wannsee Conference]], held on 20 January 1942 and led by Heydrich, with fifteen senior Nazi officials participating, provide the clearest evidence of systematic planning for the Holocaust. On 22 February, Hitler was recorded saying, "we shall regain our health only by eliminating the Jews".{{sfn\|Naimark\|2002\|p=81}} Similarly, at a meeting in July 1941 with leading functionaries of the Eastern territories, Hitler said that the easiest way to quickly pacify the areas would be best achieved by "shooting everyone who even looks odd".{{sfn\|Longerich\|2005\|p=116}} Although no direct order from Hitler authorising the mass killings has surfaced,{{sfn\|Megargee\|2007\|p=146}} his public speeches, orders to his generals, and the diaries of Nazi officials demonstrate that he conceived and authorised the extermination of European Jewry.{{sfn\|Longerich, Chapter 15\|2003}}{{sfn\|Longerich, Chapter 17\|2003}} During the war, Hitler repeatedly stated his [[Hitler's prophecy\|prophecy of 1939]] was being fulfilled, namely, that a world war would bring about the annihilation of the Jewish race.{{sfn\|Kershaw\|2000b\|pp=459–462}} Hitler approved the {{lang\|de\|[[Einsatzgruppen]]}}—killing squads that followed the German army through Poland, the Baltic, and the Soviet Union{{sfn\|Kershaw\|2008\|pp=670–675}}—and was well informed about their activities.{{sfn\|Longerich, Chapter 15\|2003}}{{sfn\|Megargee\|2007\|p=144}} By summer 1942, [[Auschwitz concentration camp]] was expanded to accommodate large numbers of deportees for murder or [[Forced labour under German rule during World War II\|enslavement]].{{sfn\|Kershaw\|2008\|p=687}} Scores of other concentration camps and satellite camps were set up throughout Europe, with [[Extermination camp\|several camps devoted exclusively to extermination]].{{sfn\|Evans\|2008\|loc=map, p. 366}}

← Previous revision		Revision as of 12:19, 5 November 2024
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	{{Main\|Axis powers\|Tripartite Pact\|German re-armament}}		{{Main\|Axis powers\|Tripartite Pact\|German re-armament}}

	In a meeting with German military leaders on 3 February 1933, Hitler spoke of "conquest for {{lang\|de\|Lebensraum}} in the East and its ruthless Germanisation" as his ultimate foreign policy objectives.{{sfn\|Weinberg\|1970\|pp=26–27}} In March, Prince Bernhard Wilhelm von Bülow, secretary at the [[Federal Foreign Office\|Foreign Office]] ({{lang\|de\|Auswärtiges Amt}}), issued a statement of major foreign policy aims: {{lang\|de\|[[Anschluss]]}} with Austria, the restoration of Germany's national borders of 1914, rejection of military restrictions under the Treaty of Versailles, the return of the former German colonies in Africa, and a German zone of influence in Eastern Europe. Hitler found Bülow's goals to be too modest.{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|pp=490–491}} In speeches during this period, he stressed the peaceful goals of his policies and a willingness to work within international agreements.{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|pp=492, 555–556, 586–587}} At the first meeting of his cabinet in 1933, Hitler prioritised military spending over unemployment relief.{{sfn\|Carr\|1972\|p=23}}		In a meeting with German military leaders on 3 February 1933, Hitler spoke of "conquest for {{lang\|de\|Lebensraum}} in the East and its ruthless Germanisation" as his ultimate foreign policy objectives.{{sfn\|Weinberg\|1970\|pp=26–27}} In March, Prince Bernhard Wilhelm von Bülow, secretary at the [[Federal Foreign Office\|Foreign Office]] ({{lang\|de\|Auswärtiges Amt}}), issued a statement of major foreign policy aims: {{lang\|de\|[[Anschluss]]}} with Austria, the restoration of Germany's national borders of 1914, rejection of military restrictions under the Treaty of Versailles, the return of the former German colonies in Africa, and a German zone of influence in Eastern Europe. Hitler found Bülow's goals to be too modest.{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|pp=490–491}} In speeches during this period, he stressed what he termed the peaceful goals of his policies and a willingness to work within international agreements.{{sfn\|Kershaw\|1999\|pp=492, 555–556, 586–587}} At the first meeting of his cabinet in 1933, Hitler prioritised military spending over unemployment relief.{{sfn\|Carr\|1972\|p=23}}

	Germany withdrew from the [[League of Nations]] and the [[World Disarmament Conference]] in October 1933.{{sfn\|Kershaw\|2008\|p=297}} In January 1935, over 90 per cent of the people of the [[Saarland]], then under League of Nations administration, [[1935 Saar status referendum\|voted to unite with Germany]].{{sfn\|Shirer\|1960\|p=283}} That March, Hitler announced an expansion of the Wehrmacht to 600,000 members—six times the number permitted by the Versailles Treaty{{snd}}including development of an air force ({{lang\|de\|[[Luftwaffe]]}}) and an increase in the size of the navy ({{lang\|de\|[[Kriegsmarine]]}}). Britain, France, Italy, and the League of Nations condemned these violations of the Treaty but did nothing to stop it.{{sfn\|Messerschmidt\|1990\|pp=601–602}}{{sfn\|Martin\|2008}} The [[Anglo-German Naval Agreement]] (AGNA) of 18 June allowed German tonnage to increase to 35 per cent of that of the British navy. Hitler called the signing of the AGNA "the happiest day of his life", believing that the agreement marked the beginning of the Anglo-German alliance he had predicted in {{lang\|de\|Mein Kampf}}.{{sfn\|Hildebrand\|1973\|p=39}} France and Italy were not consulted before the signing, directly undermining the League of Nations and setting the Treaty of Versailles on the path towards irrelevance.{{sfn\|Roberts\|1975\|p=}}		Germany withdrew from the [[League of Nations]] and the [[World Disarmament Conference]] in October 1933.{{sfn\|Kershaw\|2008\|p=297}} In January 1935, over 90 per cent of the people of the [[Saarland]], then under League of Nations administration, [[1935 Saar status referendum\|voted to unite with Germany]].{{sfn\|Shirer\|1960\|p=283}} That March, Hitler announced an expansion of the Wehrmacht to 600,000 members—six times the number permitted by the Versailles Treaty{{snd}}including development of an air force ({{lang\|de\|[[Luftwaffe]]}}) and an increase in the size of the navy ({{lang\|de\|[[Kriegsmarine]]}}). Britain, France, Italy, and the League of Nations condemned these violations of the Treaty but did nothing to stop it.{{sfn\|Messerschmidt\|1990\|pp=601–602}}{{sfn\|Martin\|2008}} The [[Anglo-German Naval Agreement]] (AGNA) of 18 June allowed German tonnage to increase to 35 per cent of that of the British navy. Hitler called the signing of the AGNA "the happiest day of his life", believing that the agreement marked the beginning of the Anglo-German alliance he had predicted in {{lang\|de\|Mein Kampf}}.{{sfn\|Hildebrand\|1973\|p=39}} France and Italy were not consulted before the signing, directly undermining the League of Nations and setting the Treaty of Versailles on the path towards irrelevance.{{sfn\|Roberts\|1975\|p=}}

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:46, 22 October 2024
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	The Holocaust and Germany's war in the East were based on Hitler's long-standing view that the Jews were the enemy of the German people, and that {{lang\|de\|[[Lebensraum]]}} was needed for Germany's expansion. He focused on Eastern Europe for this expansion, aiming to defeat Poland and the Soviet Union and then removing or killing the Jews and [[Slavs]].{{sfn\|Gellately\|1996}} The {{lang\|de\|[[Generalplan Ost]]}} (General Plan East) called for deporting the population of occupied Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union to West Siberia, for use as slave labour or to be murdered;{{sfn\|Snyder\|2010\|p=416}} the conquered territories were to be colonised by German or "Germanised" settlers.{{sfn\|Steinberg\|1995}} The goal was to implement this plan after the conquest of the Soviet Union, but when this failed, Hitler moved the plans forward.{{sfn\|Snyder\|2010\|p=416}}{{sfn\|Kershaw\|2008\|p=683}} By January 1942, he had decided that the Jews, Slavs, and other deportees considered undesirable should be killed.{{sfn\|Shirer\|1960\|p=965}}{{efn\|name=recent scholarship}}		The Holocaust and Germany's war in the East were based on Hitler's long-standing view that the Jews were the enemy of the German people, and that {{lang\|de\|[[Lebensraum]]}} was needed for Germany's expansion. He focused on Eastern Europe for this expansion, aiming to defeat Poland and the Soviet Union and then removing or killing the Jews and [[Slavs]].{{sfn\|Gellately\|1996}} The {{lang\|de\|[[Generalplan Ost]]}} (General Plan East) called for deporting the population of occupied Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union to West Siberia, for use as slave labour or to be murdered;{{sfn\|Snyder\|2010\|p=416}} the conquered territories were to be colonised by German or "Germanised" settlers.{{sfn\|Steinberg\|1995}} The goal was to implement this plan after the conquest of the Soviet Union, but when this failed, Hitler moved the plans forward.{{sfn\|Snyder\|2010\|p=416}}{{sfn\|Kershaw\|2008\|p=683}} By January 1942, he had decided that the Jews, Slavs, and other deportees considered undesirable should be killed.{{sfn\|Shirer\|1960\|p=965}}{{efn\|name=recent scholarship}}

	[[File:~~Aktion~~ ~~brand~~.jpg\|upright=0.8\|thumb\|Hitler's order for {{lang\|de\|[[Aktion T4]]}}, dated 1 September 1939]]		[[File:Erlass von Hitler - Nürnberger Dokument PS-630 - datiert 1. September 1939.jpg\|upright=0.8\|thumb\|Hitler's order for {{lang\|de\|[[Aktion T4]]}}, dated 1 September 1939]]

	The genocide was organised and executed by [[Heinrich Himmler]] and [[Reinhard Heydrich]]. The records of the [[Wannsee Conference]], held on 20 January 1942 and led by Heydrich, with fifteen senior Nazi officials participating, provide the clearest evidence of systematic planning for the Holocaust. On 22 February, Hitler was recorded saying, "we shall regain our health only by eliminating the Jews".{{sfn\|Naimark\|2002\|p=81}} Similarly, at a meeting in July 1941 with leading functionaries of the Eastern territories, Hitler said that the easiest way to quickly pacify the areas would be best achieved by "shooting everyone who even looks odd".{{sfn\|Longerich\|2005\|p=116}} Although no direct order from Hitler authorising the mass killings has surfaced,{{sfn\|Megargee\|2007\|p=146}} his public speeches, orders to his generals, and the diaries of Nazi officials demonstrate that he conceived and authorised the extermination of European Jewry.{{sfn\|Longerich, Chapter 15\|2003}}{{sfn\|Longerich, Chapter 17\|2003}} During the war, Hitler repeatedly stated his [[Hitler's prophecy\|prophecy of 1939]] was being fulfilled, namely, that a world war would bring about the annihilation of the Jewish race.{{sfn\|Kershaw\|2000b\|pp=459–462}} Hitler approved the {{lang\|de\|[[Einsatzgruppen]]}}—killing squads that followed the German army through Poland, the Baltic, and the Soviet Union{{sfn\|Kershaw\|2008\|pp=670–675}}—and was well informed about their activities.{{sfn\|Longerich, Chapter 15\|2003}}{{sfn\|Megargee\|2007\|p=144}} By summer 1942, [[Auschwitz concentration camp]] was expanded to accommodate large numbers of deportees for murder or [[Forced labour under German rule during World War II\|enslavement]].{{sfn\|Kershaw\|2008\|p=687}} Scores of other concentration camps and satellite camps were set up throughout Europe, with [[Extermination camp\|several camps devoted exclusively to extermination]].{{sfn\|Evans\|2008\|loc=map, p. 366}}		The genocide was organised and executed by [[Heinrich Himmler]] and [[Reinhard Heydrich]]. The records of the [[Wannsee Conference]], held on 20 January 1942 and led by Heydrich, with fifteen senior Nazi officials participating, provide the clearest evidence of systematic planning for the Holocaust. On 22 February, Hitler was recorded saying, "we shall regain our health only by eliminating the Jews".{{sfn\|Naimark\|2002\|p=81}} Similarly, at a meeting in July 1941 with leading functionaries of the Eastern territories, Hitler said that the easiest way to quickly pacify the areas would be best achieved by "shooting everyone who even looks odd".{{sfn\|Longerich\|2005\|p=116}} Although no direct order from Hitler authorising the mass killings has surfaced,{{sfn\|Megargee\|2007\|p=146}} his public speeches, orders to his generals, and the diaries of Nazi officials demonstrate that he conceived and authorised the extermination of European Jewry.{{sfn\|Longerich, Chapter 15\|2003}}{{sfn\|Longerich, Chapter 17\|2003}} During the war, Hitler repeatedly stated his [[Hitler's prophecy\|prophecy of 1939]] was being fulfilled, namely, that a world war would bring about the annihilation of the Jewish race.{{sfn\|Kershaw\|2000b\|pp=459–462}} Hitler approved the {{lang\|de\|[[Einsatzgruppen]]}}—killing squads that followed the German army through Poland, the Baltic, and the Soviet Union{{sfn\|Kershaw\|2008\|pp=670–675}}—and was well informed about their activities.{{sfn\|Longerich, Chapter 15\|2003}}{{sfn\|Megargee\|2007\|p=144}} By summer 1942, [[Auschwitz concentration camp]] was expanded to accommodate large numbers of deportees for murder or [[Forced labour under German rule during World War II\|enslavement]].{{sfn\|Kershaw\|2008\|p=687}} Scores of other concentration camps and satellite camps were set up throughout Europe, with [[Extermination camp\|several camps devoted exclusively to extermination]].{{sfn\|Evans\|2008\|loc=map, p. 366}}