Algarve - Revision history

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2024-10-22T06:55:36Z

Task 20: replace {lang-??} templates with {langx|??} ‹See Tfd› (Replaced 2);

← Previous revision		Revision as of 06:55, 22 October 2024
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	[[File:Cidade de Silves12.jpg\|thumb\|right\|The city of [[Silves, Portugal\|Silves]], the first capital of the Algarve and an example of the noticeable Moorish influence in the region]]		[[File:Cidade de Silves12.jpg\|thumb\|right\|The city of [[Silves, Portugal\|Silves]], the first capital of the Algarve and an example of the noticeable Moorish influence in the region]]
	When the [[Moors]] conquered [[Lagos, Portugal\|Lagos]] in 716, it was renamed Zawaia.{{Citation needed\|date=September 2024}} Faro, which the Christian residents had called Santa Maria, was renamed Faaron, from {{~~lang-~~ar\|هَارُون\|translit=hārūn}}, named after a local Muslim chieftain. Due to the conquest of the Iberian Peninsula, the region was called [[Gharb Al-Andalus]]: ''Gharb'' means "the west", while ''[[al-Andalus]]'' is the Arabic name for the Iberian Peninsula. As the westernmost region to be conquered by the Moors, the coveted lands of the Algarve, in this corner of Europe, became for a while the end goal of the [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Muslim Empire]]'s [[expansionist]] policy. With the advent of Moorish rule in the eighth century, Faro, called Ossonoba by then, retained its status as the most important town in the southwest corner of the [[Iberian Peninsula]].<ref name="CMHistoria">{{citation \|url=http://www.cm-faro.pt/menu/78/faro-na-historia.aspx \|title=História \|location=Faro (Algarve), Portugal \|language=pt \|year=2015 \|publisher=Câmara Municipal de Faro \|editor=Câmara Municipal}}</ref> In the 9th century, after a revolt<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2014-02-03 \|title=A revolta dos Muladis de Xantamarya Al-Gharb \|url=https://historiasdeportugalemarrocos.com/2014/02/03/a-revolta-dos-muladis-de-xantamarya-al-gharb/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=Histórias de Portugal em Marrocos \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> led by [[Yahia Ben Bakr]] who was succeeded in office by his son, [[Bakr Ben Yahia]], it became the capital of a short-lived autonomous princedom and was fortified with a ring of defensive walls.<ref name=CMHistoria/> At this time, in the 10th century, the name Santa Maria began to be used instead of Ossonoba. By the 11th century, the town was known as ''Santa Maria Ibn Harun''.<ref name=CMHistoria/> During the Moorish era (9-12th century), Silves was a major stronghold, and the town prospered greatly as the capital of the region. In the mid-13th century, during the [[Reconquista]], the [[Kingdom of Portugal]] took over the region in a series of successful military campaigns against the Moors. ''Al-Gharb'' became the [[Kingdom of Algarve]], and the non-assimilated Muslim Moors who didn't flee the region would be expelled in 1496 not only in the Algarve but in all of Portugal.<ref>[[Porto Editora]] – Cristãos e Muçulmanos em Portugal na Infopédia [em linha]. Porto: Porto Editora. [consult. 2022-01-01 11:56:13]. Disponível em https://www.infopedia.pt/$cristaos-e-muculmanos-em-portugal</ref> As the southernmost region to be conquered by the Portuguese, the coveted territory had become for a while the end goal of the Kingdom of Portugal's expansionist policy known as Reconquista and by itself one of the reasons behind the foundation of Portugal. There were subsequent Moorish attempts to recapture the region, without success.		When the [[Moors]] conquered [[Lagos, Portugal\|Lagos]] in 716, it was renamed Zawaia.{{Citation needed\|date=September 2024}} Faro, which the Christian residents had called Santa Maria, was renamed Faaron, from {{langx\|ar\|هَارُون\|translit=hārūn}}, named after a local Muslim chieftain. Due to the conquest of the Iberian Peninsula, the region was called [[Gharb Al-Andalus]]: ''Gharb'' means "the west", while ''[[al-Andalus]]'' is the Arabic name for the Iberian Peninsula. As the westernmost region to be conquered by the Moors, the coveted lands of the Algarve, in this corner of Europe, became for a while the end goal of the [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Muslim Empire]]'s [[expansionist]] policy. With the advent of Moorish rule in the eighth century, Faro, called Ossonoba by then, retained its status as the most important town in the southwest corner of the [[Iberian Peninsula]].<ref name="CMHistoria">{{citation \|url=http://www.cm-faro.pt/menu/78/faro-na-historia.aspx \|title=História \|location=Faro (Algarve), Portugal \|language=pt \|year=2015 \|publisher=Câmara Municipal de Faro \|editor=Câmara Municipal}}</ref> In the 9th century, after a revolt<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2014-02-03 \|title=A revolta dos Muladis de Xantamarya Al-Gharb \|url=https://historiasdeportugalemarrocos.com/2014/02/03/a-revolta-dos-muladis-de-xantamarya-al-gharb/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=Histórias de Portugal em Marrocos \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> led by [[Yahia Ben Bakr]] who was succeeded in office by his son, [[Bakr Ben Yahia]], it became the capital of a short-lived autonomous princedom and was fortified with a ring of defensive walls.<ref name=CMHistoria/> At this time, in the 10th century, the name Santa Maria began to be used instead of Ossonoba. By the 11th century, the town was known as ''Santa Maria Ibn Harun''.<ref name=CMHistoria/> During the Moorish era (9-12th century), Silves was a major stronghold, and the town prospered greatly as the capital of the region. In the mid-13th century, during the [[Reconquista]], the [[Kingdom of Portugal]] took over the region in a series of successful military campaigns against the Moors. ''Al-Gharb'' became the [[Kingdom of Algarve]], and the non-assimilated Muslim Moors who didn't flee the region would be expelled in 1496 not only in the Algarve but in all of Portugal.<ref>[[Porto Editora]] – Cristãos e Muçulmanos em Portugal na Infopédia [em linha]. Porto: Porto Editora. [consult. 2022-01-01 11:56:13]. Disponível em https://www.infopedia.pt/$cristaos-e-muculmanos-em-portugal</ref> As the southernmost region to be conquered by the Portuguese, the coveted territory had become for a while the end goal of the Kingdom of Portugal's expansionist policy known as Reconquista and by itself one of the reasons behind the foundation of Portugal. There were subsequent Moorish attempts to recapture the region, without success.
	[[File:EstatuaDAfonsoIIIFaro.JPG\|thumb\|right\|upright\|Statue of King [[Afonso III of Portugal]] in Faro, Algarve, Portugal]]		[[File:EstatuaDAfonsoIIIFaro.JPG\|thumb\|right\|upright\|Statue of King [[Afonso III of Portugal]] in Faro, Algarve, Portugal]]
	King [[Afonso III of Portugal]] started calling himself King of Portugal and the Algarve. The most outstanding fact of his reign was indeed the definitive [[Portuguese Conquest of Algarve\|conquest of the Algarve]]. [[Silves, Portugal\|Silves]] was taken from its last Muslim ruler Ibn Afan by [[Paio Peres Correia]], Grand-Master of the [[Order of Santiago]] in 1242 and [[Tavira]] was also taken in the same year after [[Alentejo]] and most of the coast of the Algarve (then part of a historical region called [[Gharb al-Andalus]] by the Muslims of Iberian Peninsula) had already fallen in 1238. In March 1249, the city of [[Faro, Portugal\|Faro]] was conquered. From this date, Afonso III became the first Portuguese king to use the title King of Portugal and the Algarve. The friars of Sant'Iago and Calatrava played a decisive role, and were entrusted with the task of concluding the conquest.<ref>"Crónica de como D. Paio Correia, mestre de Santiago de Castela tomou este reino do Algarve aos mouros" ([[Tavira Municipality]]) https://cm-tavira.pt/site/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Cronica_D_Paio_Peres_Correia_transcricao.pdf</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|title=A conquista de Tavira por Paio Peres Correia \|url=https://ensina.rtp.pt/artigo/a-conquista-de-tavira-por-paio-peres-correia/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=RTP Ensina \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> The conquest of the Algarve led, however, to serious disagreements with the [[Kingdom of Castile]]. Peace was initially achieved with the marriage of King Afonso III to [[Beatrice of Castile (1242–1303)\|Beatrice of Castile]], illegitimate daughter of King [[Alfonso X of Castile]] (after the pope had annulled the marriage to [[Matilda II, Countess of Boulogne\|Matilda II]] because she was sterile), but the problem was only definitively solved by the [[Treaty of Badajoz (1267)\|Treaty of Badajoz]], of 16 February 1267. By this treaty it was defined that the [[Guadiana river]], from the confluence of the Caia until the mouth, would be the Portugal-Castile border.<ref>[[Porto Editora]] – D. Afonso III na Infopédia [em linha]. Porto: Porto Editora. [consult. 2022-01-01 09:48:10]. Disponível em https://www.infopedia.pt/$d.-afonso-iii</ref>		King [[Afonso III of Portugal]] started calling himself King of Portugal and the Algarve. The most outstanding fact of his reign was indeed the definitive [[Portuguese Conquest of Algarve\|conquest of the Algarve]]. [[Silves, Portugal\|Silves]] was taken from its last Muslim ruler Ibn Afan by [[Paio Peres Correia]], Grand-Master of the [[Order of Santiago]] in 1242 and [[Tavira]] was also taken in the same year after [[Alentejo]] and most of the coast of the Algarve (then part of a historical region called [[Gharb al-Andalus]] by the Muslims of Iberian Peninsula) had already fallen in 1238. In March 1249, the city of [[Faro, Portugal\|Faro]] was conquered. From this date, Afonso III became the first Portuguese king to use the title King of Portugal and the Algarve. The friars of Sant'Iago and Calatrava played a decisive role, and were entrusted with the task of concluding the conquest.<ref>"Crónica de como D. Paio Correia, mestre de Santiago de Castela tomou este reino do Algarve aos mouros" ([[Tavira Municipality]]) https://cm-tavira.pt/site/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Cronica_D_Paio_Peres_Correia_transcricao.pdf</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|title=A conquista de Tavira por Paio Peres Correia \|url=https://ensina.rtp.pt/artigo/a-conquista-de-tavira-por-paio-peres-correia/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=RTP Ensina \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> The conquest of the Algarve led, however, to serious disagreements with the [[Kingdom of Castile]]. Peace was initially achieved with the marriage of King Afonso III to [[Beatrice of Castile (1242–1303)\|Beatrice of Castile]], illegitimate daughter of King [[Alfonso X of Castile]] (after the pope had annulled the marriage to [[Matilda II, Countess of Boulogne\|Matilda II]] because she was sterile), but the problem was only definitively solved by the [[Treaty of Badajoz (1267)\|Treaty of Badajoz]], of 16 February 1267. By this treaty it was defined that the [[Guadiana river]], from the confluence of the Caia until the mouth, would be the Portugal-Castile border.<ref>[[Porto Editora]] – D. Afonso III na Infopédia [em linha]. Porto: Porto Editora. [consult. 2022-01-01 09:48:10]. Disponível em https://www.infopedia.pt/$d.-afonso-iii</ref>
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	==Culture==		==Culture==
	[[File:PTSLV.png\|thumb\|right\|[[Silves, Portugal\|Silves Municipality]] coat of arms: [[Arab]] and [[Berbers\|Berber]] influences due to Islamic occupation of the territory of the Algarve between the 8th and the 13th centuries are seen in language, architecture, food, faces and even the Algarvean municipalities' coats of arms.]]		[[File:PTSLV.png\|thumb\|right\|[[Silves, Portugal\|Silves Municipality]] coat of arms: [[Arab]] and [[Berbers\|Berber]] influences due to Islamic occupation of the territory of the Algarve between the 8th and the 13th centuries are seen in language, architecture, food, faces and even the Algarvean municipalities' coats of arms.]]
	The region of the Algarve has a rich [[ethnographic]] heritage, with centuries-old customs, traditions and historical heritage.<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Sherwood \|first=Seth \|date=2013-07-19 \|title=The Other Algarve \|language=en-US \|work=The New York Times \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/21/travel/the-other-algarve.html \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|title=Culture and Tradition \|url=https://www.visitalgarve.pt/en/menu/117/culture-and-tradition.aspx \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=www.visitalgarve.pt \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> The Algarve is a cultural and historical point of interest all year round, but at particular times, such as [[Easter]], [[Christmas]], or even Spring, together with its gastronomic delicacies, the Algarve region has an old, multifaceted legacy that also shaped its regional [[cultural identity]] within Portugal. The Algarve is a place that gathers many settlements, from prehistoric times, to Phoenician, Roman, Visigothic, Arab and Christian [[Reconquista]] times, there are several testimonies that left a little piece of themselves, to form the Algarve of today.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2023-05-23 \|title=Algarve {{!}} Location, History, Economy, & Facts {{!}} Britannica \|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Algarve \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=www.britannica.com \|language=en}}</ref> Since the menhirs and megalithic monuments like the [[Megalithic Monuments of Alcalar]] and the [[Menhirs of Lavajo]] that prove the presence of the first humans of its history, also the Romans left the testimonies of their presence and culture. The [[Roman Ruins of Milreu]] in [[Estói]], the [[Roman ruins of Cerro da Vila]] in [[Vilamoura]] or the [[Roman ruins of Quinta da Abicada]] in [[Mexilhoeira Grande]], are good examples of Roman vestiges in the Algarve, being some of them equipped with a dedicated [[interpretive center]] to tell their story. [[Gharb al-Andalus\|The Islamic occupation period]] from which a great heritage remains, present in various aspects of the Algarve culture beginning with the name of the region since the word "Algarve" goes back to the Arabic word "al-Gharb" meaning West (from {{~~Lang-~~ar\|الغرب\|translit=al-gharb\|lit=the west}}), including castles and fortresses, vestiges of a unique [[ribat]], the [[Ribat of Arrifana]], as well as [[alcaria]]s, and some [[Church (building)\|church]]es that were adapted from ancient [[mosque]]s, in addition to strong influences in popular architecture, also left its mark. [[Vila Real de Santo António]], to the far east of the region, near Spain, is the best Algarve example of the strong legacy that the [[Marquis of Pombal]] left in Portuguese urban planning after [[1755 Lisbon Earthquake\|the great earthquake of 1755]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=AiCEi Vila Real Santo António \|url=http://aicei.org/en/menu/68/vila-real-de-santo-antonio.aspx \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=aicei.org}}</ref>		The region of the Algarve has a rich [[ethnographic]] heritage, with centuries-old customs, traditions and historical heritage.<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Sherwood \|first=Seth \|date=2013-07-19 \|title=The Other Algarve \|language=en-US \|work=The New York Times \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/21/travel/the-other-algarve.html \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|title=Culture and Tradition \|url=https://www.visitalgarve.pt/en/menu/117/culture-and-tradition.aspx \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=www.visitalgarve.pt \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> The Algarve is a cultural and historical point of interest all year round, but at particular times, such as [[Easter]], [[Christmas]], or even Spring, together with its gastronomic delicacies, the Algarve region has an old, multifaceted legacy that also shaped its regional [[cultural identity]] within Portugal. The Algarve is a place that gathers many settlements, from prehistoric times, to Phoenician, Roman, Visigothic, Arab and Christian [[Reconquista]] times, there are several testimonies that left a little piece of themselves, to form the Algarve of today.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2023-05-23 \|title=Algarve {{!}} Location, History, Economy, & Facts {{!}} Britannica \|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Algarve \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=www.britannica.com \|language=en}}</ref> Since the menhirs and megalithic monuments like the [[Megalithic Monuments of Alcalar]] and the [[Menhirs of Lavajo]] that prove the presence of the first humans of its history, also the Romans left the testimonies of their presence and culture. The [[Roman Ruins of Milreu]] in [[Estói]], the [[Roman ruins of Cerro da Vila]] in [[Vilamoura]] or the [[Roman ruins of Quinta da Abicada]] in [[Mexilhoeira Grande]], are good examples of Roman vestiges in the Algarve, being some of them equipped with a dedicated [[interpretive center]] to tell their story. [[Gharb al-Andalus\|The Islamic occupation period]] from which a great heritage remains, present in various aspects of the Algarve culture beginning with the name of the region since the word "Algarve" goes back to the Arabic word "al-Gharb" meaning West (from {{Langx\|ar\|الغرب\|translit=al-gharb\|lit=the west}}), including castles and fortresses, vestiges of a unique [[ribat]], the [[Ribat of Arrifana]], as well as [[alcaria]]s, and some [[Church (building)\|church]]es that were adapted from ancient [[mosque]]s, in addition to strong influences in popular architecture, also left its mark. [[Vila Real de Santo António]], to the far east of the region, near Spain, is the best Algarve example of the strong legacy that the [[Marquis of Pombal]] left in Portuguese urban planning after [[1755 Lisbon Earthquake\|the great earthquake of 1755]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=AiCEi Vila Real Santo António \|url=http://aicei.org/en/menu/68/vila-real-de-santo-antonio.aspx \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=aicei.org}}</ref>
	[[File:Castelo de Loule - 22.06.2021.jpg\|thumb\|right\|A view of the [[Castle of Loulé]]]]		[[File:Castelo de Loule - 22.06.2021.jpg\|thumb\|right\|A view of the [[Castle of Loulé]]]]
	The Algarve dialect is a dialect of [[Portuguese language\|Portuguese]] spoken in the Algarve. It is closely related to [[Alentejan Portuguese]] and expresses the region's peculiar way of life, its traditional sayings, as well as its well-known and highly colorful curses, idioms, proverbs, and expressions.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=60 expressões que só um algarvio entende \|url=https://ncultura.pt/60-expressoes-que-so-um-algarvio-entende/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> It bears the influences of [[Arabic language\|Arabic]], [[archaic Portuguese]] and the southern variant of [[Castillian language\|Castillian]]. Until the end of the 20th century it was ubiquitous but afterwards it became less common among younger generations who live near the coastal strip and the main urban centers. In any case, a majority of people in some places of the Algarve besides the sparsely populated, ageing hilly interior, like areas of [[Lagos, Portugal\|Lagos]], [[Portimão]], [[Albufeira]], [[Loulé]], [[Faro, Portugal\|Faro]], [[Olhão]], [[Tavira]] and [[Vila Real de Santo António]] coastal municipalities, still speak the dialect employing its characteristic, strong accent on a daily basis.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Fernandes \|first=Maria Alice \|date=2008-01-21 \|title=O dialeto algarvio. Abordagem histórica. \|journal=Campo Arqueológico de Tavira \|url=https://www.academia.edu/15294393}}</ref>		The Algarve dialect is a dialect of [[Portuguese language\|Portuguese]] spoken in the Algarve. It is closely related to [[Alentejan Portuguese]] and expresses the region's peculiar way of life, its traditional sayings, as well as its well-known and highly colorful curses, idioms, proverbs, and expressions.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=60 expressões que só um algarvio entende \|url=https://ncultura.pt/60-expressoes-que-so-um-algarvio-entende/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> It bears the influences of [[Arabic language\|Arabic]], [[archaic Portuguese]] and the southern variant of [[Castillian language\|Castillian]]. Until the end of the 20th century it was ubiquitous but afterwards it became less common among younger generations who live near the coastal strip and the main urban centers. In any case, a majority of people in some places of the Algarve besides the sparsely populated, ageing hilly interior, like areas of [[Lagos, Portugal\|Lagos]], [[Portimão]], [[Albufeira]], [[Loulé]], [[Faro, Portugal\|Faro]], [[Olhão]], [[Tavira]] and [[Vila Real de Santo António]] coastal municipalities, still speak the dialect employing its characteristic, strong accent on a daily basis.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Fernandes \|first=Maria Alice \|date=2008-01-21 \|title=O dialeto algarvio. Abordagem histórica. \|journal=Campo Arqueológico de Tavira \|url=https://www.academia.edu/15294393}}</ref>

Rodw: Disambiguating links to Faro (link changed to Faro, Portugal) using DisamAssist.

2024-10-19T20:40:36Z

Disambiguating links to Faro (link changed to Faro, Portugal) using DisamAssist.

← Previous revision		Revision as of 20:40, 19 October 2024
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	\| color = white		\| color = white
	\| size = 280		\| size = 280
	\| foot_montage = <small>'''Top left to bottom right''': aerial view of the capital of Algarve [[Faro]]; Estói Palace; City gates in Faro; A beach in [[Albufeira]]; The open fields of the Algarve in spring; Mourish style market of Loulé; [[Castle of Loule]]; The city of Portimão; Algarve's typical coast ([[Praia da Marinha\|Marinha Beach]], near [[Lagoa, Algarve\|Lagoa]])</small>		\| foot_montage = <small>'''Top left to bottom right''': aerial view of the capital of Algarve [[Faro, Portugal\|Faro]]; Estói Palace; City gates in Faro; A beach in [[Albufeira]]; The open fields of the Algarve in spring; Mourish style market of Loulé; [[Castle of Loule]]; The city of Portimão; Algarve's typical coast ([[Praia da Marinha\|Marinha Beach]], near [[Lagoa, Algarve\|Lagoa]])</small>
	}}		}}
	\| image_flag =		\| image_flag =

AlgarvianFrog: typo fixed

2024-10-06T18:33:13Z

typo fixed

← Previous revision		Revision as of 18:33, 6 October 2024
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	<!-- established -->		<!-- established -->
	\| established_title = [[Kingdom of Algarve]] within the Kingdom of Portugal		\| established_title = [[Kingdom of Algarve]] within the Kingdom of Portugal
	\| established_date = ~~1249–1910~~		\| established_date = 1249–1815
	\| established_title2 = Constituent kingdom of the [[United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves]]		\| established_title2 = Constituent kingdom of the [[United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves]]
	\| established_date2 = 1815–1825		\| established_date2 = 1815–1825

AlgarvianFrog: infobox improved

2024-10-06T18:27:11Z

infobox improved

← Previous revision		Revision as of 18:27, 6 October 2024
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	\| etymology = <!-- location -->		\| etymology = <!-- location -->
	\| subdivision_type = Country		\| subdivision_type = Country
	\| subdivision_name = Portugal		\| subdivision_name = {{flag\|Portugal}}
	\| subdivision_type1 =		\| subdivision_type1 =
	\| subdivision_name1 =		\| subdivision_name1 =
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	\| seat = [[Faro, Portugal\|Faro]]		\| seat = [[Faro, Portugal\|Faro]]
	\| seat_type = Capital		\| seat_type = Capital
	<!-- established -->~~\| established_title =~~		<!-- established -->
			\| established_title = [[Kingdom of Algarve]] within the Kingdom of Portugal
	\| established_date = ~~<!-- area -->~~		\| established_date = 1249–1910
			\| established_title2 = Constituent kingdom of the [[United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves]]
			\| established_date2 = 1815–1825
			\| established_title3 = Region of the [[Portuguese Republic]]
			\| established_date3 = since 1910
	\| area_footnotes =		\| area_footnotes =
	\| area_total_km2 = 4996.80		\| area_total_km2 = 4996.80
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	\| population_as_of = 2021		\| population_as_of = 2021
	\| population_footnotes =		\| population_footnotes =
	\| population_total = {{increase}} 467,495 ~~([[Ranked list of Portuguese regions#By population\|5th]])~~		\| population_total = {{increase}} 467,495
	\| population_density_km2 = auto		\| population_density_km2 = auto
	\| population_density_sq_mi =		\| population_density_sq_mi =
			\| population_rank = {{same}} [[Ranked list of Portuguese regions#By population\|5th]]
⚫	~~\| population_demonym =~~ <!-- time zone(s) -->
			\| population_demonym = Algarvio<br />''algarvio'' (m.), ''algarvia'' (f.)<br />
		⚫	<!-- time zone(s) -->
	\| timezone1 = [[Western European Time\|WET]]		\| timezone1 = [[Western European Time\|WET]]
	\| utc_offset1 = +0		\| utc_offset1 = +0
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	\| demographics_type1 = GDP		\| demographics_type1 = GDP
	\| demographics1_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web\|access-date=3 September 2023\|title=Produto interno bruto (B.1g) a preços correntes (Base 2016 - €) por Localização geográfica (NUTS - 2013); Anual\|url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0009973&contexto=bd&selTab=tab2\|website=www.ine.pt}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>{{cite web\|access-date=3 September 2023\|title=Produto interno bruto (B.1g) por habitante a preços correntes (Base 2016 - €) por Localização geográfica (NUTS - 2013); Anual\|url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&contecto=pi&indOcorrCod=0009975&selTab=tab0\|website=www.ine.pt}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>		\| demographics1_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web\|access-date=3 September 2023\|title=Produto interno bruto (B.1g) a preços correntes (Base 2016 - €) por Localização geográfica (NUTS - 2013); Anual\|url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0009973&contexto=bd&selTab=tab2\|website=www.ine.pt}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>{{cite web\|access-date=3 September 2023\|title=Produto interno bruto (B.1g) por habitante a preços correntes (Base 2016 - €) por Localização geográfica (NUTS - 2013); Anual\|url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&contecto=pi&indOcorrCod=0009975&selTab=tab0\|website=www.ine.pt}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>
	\| demographics1_title1 = ~~Total~~		\| demographics1_title1 = Rank total
	\| demographics1_info1 = {{~~increase~~}} ~~€11.624~~ ~~billion~~ (2022)		\| demographics1_info1 = {{same}} [[List of Portuguese administrative divisions by GDP\| 5th]] (2022)
	\| demographics1_title2 = ~~Per~~ capita		\| demographics1_title2 = Rank per capita
	\| demographics1_info2 = {{~~increase~~}} ~~€26,754~~ (2022)		\| demographics1_info2 = {{same}} [[List of Portuguese administrative divisions by GDP\|2nd]] (2022)
			\| demographics1_title3 = Total
			\| demographics1_info3 = {{increase}} €11.624 billion (2022)
			\| demographics1_title4 = Per capita
			\| demographics1_info4 = {{increase}} €26,754 (2022)
	\| blank_name_sec1 = [[Human Development Index\|HDI]] (2021)		\| blank_name_sec1 = [[Human Development Index\|HDI]] (2021)
	\| blank_info_sec1 = {{increase}} 0.849<ref name="GlobalDataLab">{{Cite web \|url=https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/shdi/PRT/?levels=1%2B4&interpolation=1&extrapolation=0&nearest_real=0&colour_scales=global \|title=Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab\|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org \|language=en \|access-date=31 July 2023}}</ref><br/>{{color\|darkgreen\|very high}} · [[List of Portuguese regions by Human Development Index\|4th]]		\| blank_info_sec1 = {{increase}} 0.849<ref name="GlobalDataLab">{{Cite web \|url=https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/shdi/PRT/?levels=1%2B4&interpolation=1&extrapolation=0&nearest_real=0&colour_scales=global \|title=Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab\|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org \|language=en \|access-date=31 July 2023}}</ref><br/>{{color\|darkgreen\|very high}} · [[List of Portuguese regions by Human Development Index\|4th]]

AlgarvianFrog: infobox improved

2024-10-06T16:51:14Z

infobox improved

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:51, 6 October 2024
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	\| color = white		\| color = white
	\| size = 280		\| size = 280
	\| foot_montage = <small>'''Top left to bottom right''': aerial view of the capital of Algarve [[Faro]]; Estói Palace; City gates in Faro; A beach in [[Albufeira]]; The open fields of the Algarve in spring; Mourish style market of Loulé;[[Castle of Loule]]; The city of Portimão; Algarve's typical coast ([[Praia da Marinha\|Marinha Beach]], near [[Lagoa, Algarve\|Lagoa]])</small>		\| foot_montage = <small>'''Top left to bottom right''': aerial view of the capital of Algarve [[Faro]]; Estói Palace; City gates in Faro; A beach in [[Albufeira]]; The open fields of the Algarve in spring; Mourish style market of Loulé; [[Castle of Loule]]; The city of Portimão; Algarve's typical coast ([[Praia da Marinha\|Marinha Beach]], near [[Lagoa, Algarve\|Lagoa]])</small>
	}}		}}
	\| image_flag =		\| image_flag =
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	\| image_map = LocalRegiaoAlgarve.svg		\| image_map = LocalRegiaoAlgarve.svg
	\| map_caption = The Algarve Region in Portugal		\| map_caption = The Algarve Region in Portugal
	\| pushpin_map =		\| pushpin_map = Europe#Portugal
			\| pushpin_map_caption = Location within Europe##Location within Portugal
	\| pushpin_relief =		\| pushpin_relief = 0
	\| pushpin_map_caption =
	\| coordinates = {{coord\|37.242\|-8.170\|type:adm2nd_globe:earth_region:PT\|display=ti}}		\| coordinates = {{coord\|37.242\|-8.170\|type:adm2nd_globe:earth_region:PT\|display=ti}}
	\| coordinates_footnotes = <!-- seat -->		\| coordinates_footnotes = <!-- seat -->

Ira Leviton: Fixed the infobox. Please see Category:Articles using duplicate arguments in template calls.

2024-10-06T16:42:45Z

Fixed the infobox. Please see Category:Articles using duplicate arguments in template calls.

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:42, 6 October 2024
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	\| other_name =		\| other_name =
	\| settlement_type = [[Administrative divisions of Portugal#NUTS\|Region]]		\| settlement_type = [[Administrative divisions of Portugal#NUTS\|Region]]
	<!-- images, nickname, motto -->~~\| image_skyline = File:Praia_de_Marinha.jpg~~		<!-- images, nickname, motto -->
	\| image_skyline = {{Photomontage		\| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
	\| photo1a = Faro - Portugal (16083970893) (cropped).jpg		\| photo1a = Faro - Portugal (16083970893) (cropped).jpg

AlgarvianFrog: typo fixed

2024-10-06T16:34:52Z

typo fixed

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:34, 6 October 2024
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	\| settlement_type = [[Administrative divisions of Portugal#NUTS\|Region]]		\| settlement_type = [[Administrative divisions of Portugal#NUTS\|Region]]
	<!-- images, nickname, motto -->\| image_skyline = File:Praia_de_Marinha.jpg		<!-- images, nickname, motto -->\| image_skyline = File:Praia_de_Marinha.jpg
	\| image_caption = <small>Algarve's typical coast ([[Praia da Marinha\|Marinha Beach]], near [[Lagoa, Algarve\|Lagoa]])</small>
	\| image_skyline = {{Photomontage		\| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
	\| photo1a = Faro - Portugal (16083970893) (cropped).jpg		\| photo1a = Faro - Portugal (16083970893) (cropped).jpg
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	\| color = white		\| color = white
	\| size = 280		\| size = 280
	\| foot_montage = '''Top left to bottom right''': aerial view of the capital of Algarve [[Faro]]; Estói Palace; City gates in Faro; A beach in [[Albufeira]]; The open fields of the Algarve in spring; Mourish style market of Loulé;[[Castle of Loule]]; The city of Portimão; Algarve's typical coast (Marinha Beach, near Lagoa)		\| foot_montage = <small>'''Top left to bottom right''': aerial view of the capital of Algarve [[Faro]]; Estói Palace; City gates in Faro; A beach in [[Albufeira]]; The open fields of the Algarve in spring; Mourish style market of Loulé;[[Castle of Loule]]; The city of Portimão; Algarve's typical coast ([[Praia da Marinha\|Marinha Beach]], near [[Lagoa, Algarve\|Lagoa]])</small>
	}}		}}
	\| image_flag =		\| image_flag =

AlgarvianFrog: infobox improved

2024-10-06T16:27:51Z

infobox improved

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:27, 6 October 2024
Line 7:		Line 7:
	<!-- images, nickname, motto -->\| image_skyline = File:Praia_de_Marinha.jpg		<!-- images, nickname, motto -->\| image_skyline = File:Praia_de_Marinha.jpg
	\| image_caption = <small>Algarve's typical coast ([[Praia da Marinha\|Marinha Beach]], near [[Lagoa, Algarve\|Lagoa]])</small>		\| image_caption = <small>Algarve's typical coast ([[Praia da Marinha\|Marinha Beach]], near [[Lagoa, Algarve\|Lagoa]])</small>
			\| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
			\| photo1a = Faro - Portugal (16083970893) (cropped).jpg
			\| photo2a = Palácio de Estói - Portugal (8291585643) (cropped).jpg
			\| photo2b = Faro - Portugal (14214851063).jpg
			\| photo3a = Beach at Albufeira.JPG
			\| photo3b = Algarve23.jpg
			\| photo4a = Loule (Portugal) (49836185578).jpg
			\| photo4b = Loule (Portugal) (40661376180).jpg
			\| photo5a = Apartment buildings at Praia da Rocha, Portimão.jpg
			\| photo6a = Praia de Marinha.jpg
			\| spacing = 2
			\| position = center
			\| color_border = white
			\| color = white
			\| size = 280
			\| foot_montage = '''Top left to bottom right''': aerial view of the capital of Algarve [[Faro]]; Estói Palace; City gates in Faro; A beach in [[Albufeira]]; The open fields of the Algarve in spring; Mourish style market of Loulé;[[Castle of Loule]]; The city of Portimão; Algarve's typical coast (Marinha Beach, near Lagoa)
			}}
	\| image_flag =		\| image_flag =
	\| image_shield =		\| image_shield =
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	\| population_as_of = 2021		\| population_as_of = 2021
	\| population_footnotes =		\| population_footnotes =
	\| population_total = 467,495 ([[Ranked list of Portuguese regions#By population\|5th]])		\| population_total = {{increase}} 467,495 ([[Ranked list of Portuguese regions#By population\|5th]])
	\| population_density_km2 = auto		\| population_density_km2 = auto
	\| population_density_sq_mi =		\| population_density_sq_mi =
Line 62:		Line 79:
	\| demographics1_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web\|access-date=3 September 2023\|title=Produto interno bruto (B.1g) a preços correntes (Base 2016 - €) por Localização geográfica (NUTS - 2013); Anual\|url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0009973&contexto=bd&selTab=tab2\|website=www.ine.pt}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>{{cite web\|access-date=3 September 2023\|title=Produto interno bruto (B.1g) por habitante a preços correntes (Base 2016 - €) por Localização geográfica (NUTS - 2013); Anual\|url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&contecto=pi&indOcorrCod=0009975&selTab=tab0\|website=www.ine.pt}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>		\| demographics1_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web\|access-date=3 September 2023\|title=Produto interno bruto (B.1g) a preços correntes (Base 2016 - €) por Localização geográfica (NUTS - 2013); Anual\|url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0009973&contexto=bd&selTab=tab2\|website=www.ine.pt}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>{{cite web\|access-date=3 September 2023\|title=Produto interno bruto (B.1g) por habitante a preços correntes (Base 2016 - €) por Localização geográfica (NUTS - 2013); Anual\|url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&contecto=pi&indOcorrCod=0009975&selTab=tab0\|website=www.ine.pt}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>
	\| demographics1_title1 = Total		\| demographics1_title1 = Total
	\| demographics1_info1 = €11.624 billion (2022)		\| demographics1_info1 = {{increase}} €11.624 billion (2022)
	\| demographics1_title2 = Per capita		\| demographics1_title2 = Per capita
	\| demographics1_info2 = €26,754 (2022)		\| demographics1_info2 = {{increase}} €26,754 (2022)
	\| blank_name_sec1 = [[Human Development Index\|HDI]] (2021)		\| blank_name_sec1 = [[Human Development Index\|HDI]] (2021)
	\| blank_info_sec1 = 0.849<ref name="GlobalDataLab">{{Cite web \|url=https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/shdi/PRT/?levels=1%2B4&interpolation=1&extrapolation=0&nearest_real=0&colour_scales=global \|title=Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab\|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org \|language=en \|access-date=31 July 2023}}</ref><br/>{{color\|darkgreen\|very high}} · [[List of Portuguese regions by Human Development Index\|4th]]		\| blank_info_sec1 = {{increase}} 0.849<ref name="GlobalDataLab">{{Cite web \|url=https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/shdi/PRT/?levels=1%2B4&interpolation=1&extrapolation=0&nearest_real=0&colour_scales=global \|title=Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab\|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org \|language=en \|access-date=31 July 2023}}</ref><br/>{{color\|darkgreen\|very high}} · [[List of Portuguese regions by Human Development Index\|4th]]
	<!-- website, footnotes -->\| website = {{url\|visitalgarve.pt/en}}		<!-- website, footnotes -->\| website = {{url\|visitalgarve.pt/en}}
	\| footnotes = Statistics from [[Instituto Nacional de Estatística (Portugal)\|INE]] (2005); geographic detail from Instituto Geográfico Português (2010)		\| footnotes = Statistics from [[Instituto Nacional de Estatística (Portugal)\|INE]] (2005); geographic detail from Instituto Geográfico Português (2010)

ToadetteEdit: /* Economy */ punctuation

2024-10-06T14:10:59Z

Economy: punctuation

← Previous revision		Revision as of 14:10, 6 October 2024
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	==Economy==		==Economy==
	[[File:Apartment buildings at Praia da Rocha, Portimão.jpg\|thumb\|right\|A complex of apartments overlooking the beach in Praia da Rocha, [[Portimão Municipality\|Portimão]]The Algarve relies heavily on the tourism industry.		[[File:Apartment buildings at Praia da Rocha, Portimão.jpg\|thumb\|right\|A complex of apartments overlooking the beach in Praia da Rocha, [[Portimão Municipality\|Portimão]]. The Algarve relies heavily on the tourism industry.

	]]		]]
	The Algarve's [[human development index]] (HDI) stands at 0.847 (2019) while Portugal's HDI average is 0.864 (2019) and [[Lisbon Metropolitan Area]]'s is 0.901 (2019) – it is the 4th most developed region of Portugal out of seven regions. However, with a [[GDP per capita]] at 85.2% of the [[European Union]] average, the Algarve has the second highest purchasing power in the country, standing only behind Lisbon Metropolitan Area.<ref name=EComission>{{cite web \|title=Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs – Algarve Region of Portugal \|url=https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/regional-innovation-monitor/base-profile/algarve-region-portugal \|publisher=European Commission \|access-date=19 March 2020}}</ref> Agricultural products of the region include [[ficus\|fig]], [[almond]], [[Orange (fruit)\|orange]], [[Ceratonia siliqua\|carob]], [[olive]], [[avocado]]<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2021-06-17 \|title=Algarve avocado is registered as a trademark \|url=https://www.expatica.com/pt/news/algarve-avocado-is-registered-as-a-trademark-99998/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=Expatica Portugal \|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[cork oak]]. Horticulture is important and the region's landscape is known for the large areas of land covered with [[greenhouse]]s which are used to that end. Several types of fruit<ref name="JBI GROUP"/> and veggies such as [[tomato]]es, [[cauliflower]]s, [[Arbutus unedo\|strawberry]] and [[raspberry]], are commercially grown and exported. [[Fishing in Portugal\|Fishing]] and [[aquaculture]] are important activities in the coastal area of the Algarve, with [[sardine]]s, [[squid]]s, [[Sole (fish)\|soles]], [[cyprinids]], [[gilt-head bream]], and various seafood, including [[oysters]]<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Onze hectares para produzir ostras nas rias algarvias \|url=https://www.cmjornal.pt/portugal/detalhe/onze-hectares-para-produzir-ostras-nas-rias-algarvias \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=www.cmjornal.pt \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> and the [[grooved carpet shell]], being the major products. The Algarve's wines are also renowned. Four wines in the region have [[Protected Designation of Origin]] (''[[Denominação de Origem Controlada]]'' – DOC): [[Lagoa DOC]], [[Lagos DOC]], [[Portimão DOC]], and [[Tavira DOC]]. [[Food processing]], including value added products (traditional, local raw agricultural products that have been modified or enhanced to have a higher market value than before) such as innovative fig, orange, almond and carob-based products,<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Dried Fruit Butters and Natural Dried Fruit \|url=https://iamnat.pt/en/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=I'M NAT \|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Products \|website=Carob World \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517084035/https://www.carobworld.com/en/mediterranean-temptations/ \|archive-date=2022-05-17 \|url=https://www.carobworld.com/en/mediterranean-temptations/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|title=The First of its Kind \|url=https://grandcarob.com/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=Grand Carob \|language=en-US}}</ref> cement ([[CIMPOR]] has a major cement plant in Loulé<ref>{{cite web \|title=Centro de Produção de Loulé \|website=Loulé \|publisher=Cimpor \|url=https://www.cimpor.com/loule}}</ref>) and construction are the main industries. [[Cork (material)\|Cork]], having an historical industrial tradition in [[Silves, Portugal\|Silves]] and [[São Brás de Alportel]] [[concelho\|municipalities]] since the 19th century but in decline by the 1930s, is still used as a material for the production of several items by newer industries that make products ranging from [[cork stopper]]s to [[fashionware]]. Pelcor, headquartered in São Brás de Alportel, is the first luxury brand of fashion and lifestyle accessories in cork skin combining design, innovation and sustainability.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2010-01-31 \|title=História da Pelcor \|url=https://www.publico.pt/2010/01/31/jornal/historia-da-pelcor-18702182 \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=PÚBLICO \|language=pt}}</ref>		The Algarve's [[human development index]] (HDI) stands at 0.847 (2019) while Portugal's HDI average is 0.864 (2019) and [[Lisbon Metropolitan Area]]'s is 0.901 (2019) – it is the 4th most developed region of Portugal out of seven regions. However, with a [[GDP per capita]] at 85.2% of the [[European Union]] average, the Algarve has the second highest purchasing power in the country, standing only behind Lisbon Metropolitan Area.<ref name=EComission>{{cite web \|title=Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs – Algarve Region of Portugal \|url=https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/regional-innovation-monitor/base-profile/algarve-region-portugal \|publisher=European Commission \|access-date=19 March 2020}}</ref> Agricultural products of the region include [[ficus\|fig]], [[almond]], [[Orange (fruit)\|orange]], [[Ceratonia siliqua\|carob]], [[olive]], [[avocado]]<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2021-06-17 \|title=Algarve avocado is registered as a trademark \|url=https://www.expatica.com/pt/news/algarve-avocado-is-registered-as-a-trademark-99998/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=Expatica Portugal \|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[cork oak]]. Horticulture is important and the region's landscape is known for the large areas of land covered with [[greenhouse]]s which are used to that end. Several types of fruit<ref name="JBI GROUP"/> and veggies such as [[tomato]]es, [[cauliflower]]s, [[Arbutus unedo\|strawberry]] and [[raspberry]], are commercially grown and exported. [[Fishing in Portugal\|Fishing]] and [[aquaculture]] are important activities in the coastal area of the Algarve, with [[sardine]]s, [[squid]]s, [[Sole (fish)\|soles]], [[cyprinids]], [[gilt-head bream]], and various seafood, including [[oysters]]<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Onze hectares para produzir ostras nas rias algarvias \|url=https://www.cmjornal.pt/portugal/detalhe/onze-hectares-para-produzir-ostras-nas-rias-algarvias \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=www.cmjornal.pt \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> and the [[grooved carpet shell]], being the major products. The Algarve's wines are also renowned. Four wines in the region have [[Protected Designation of Origin]] (''[[Denominação de Origem Controlada]]'' – DOC): [[Lagoa DOC]], [[Lagos DOC]], [[Portimão DOC]], and [[Tavira DOC]]. [[Food processing]], including value added products (traditional, local raw agricultural products that have been modified or enhanced to have a higher market value than before) such as innovative fig, orange, almond and carob-based products,<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Dried Fruit Butters and Natural Dried Fruit \|url=https://iamnat.pt/en/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=I'M NAT \|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Products \|website=Carob World \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517084035/https://www.carobworld.com/en/mediterranean-temptations/ \|archive-date=2022-05-17 \|url=https://www.carobworld.com/en/mediterranean-temptations/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|title=The First of its Kind \|url=https://grandcarob.com/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=Grand Carob \|language=en-US}}</ref> cement ([[CIMPOR]] has a major cement plant in Loulé<ref>{{cite web \|title=Centro de Produção de Loulé \|website=Loulé \|publisher=Cimpor \|url=https://www.cimpor.com/loule}}</ref>) and construction are the main industries. [[Cork (material)\|Cork]], having an historical industrial tradition in [[Silves, Portugal\|Silves]] and [[São Brás de Alportel]] [[concelho\|municipalities]] since the 19th century but in decline by the 1930s, is still used as a material for the production of several items by newer industries that make products ranging from [[cork stopper]]s to [[fashionware]]. Pelcor, headquartered in São Brás de Alportel, is the first luxury brand of fashion and lifestyle accessories in cork skin combining design, innovation and sustainability.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2010-01-31 \|title=História da Pelcor \|url=https://www.publico.pt/2010/01/31/jornal/historia-da-pelcor-18702182 \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=PÚBLICO \|language=pt}}</ref>

WikiCleanerBot: v2.05b - Bot T12 CW#548 - Fix errors for CW project (Punctuation in link)

2024-09-30T20:39:52Z

v2.05b - Bot T12 CW#548 - Fix errors for CW project (Punctuation in link)

← Previous revision		Revision as of 20:39, 30 September 2024
Line 330:		Line 330:
	The Algarve's [[human development index]] (HDI) stands at 0.847 (2019) while Portugal's HDI average is 0.864 (2019) and [[Lisbon Metropolitan Area]]'s is 0.901 (2019) – it is the 4th most developed region of Portugal out of seven regions. However, with a [[GDP per capita]] at 85.2% of the [[European Union]] average, the Algarve has the second highest purchasing power in the country, standing only behind Lisbon Metropolitan Area.<ref name=EComission>{{cite web \|title=Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs – Algarve Region of Portugal \|url=https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/regional-innovation-monitor/base-profile/algarve-region-portugal \|publisher=European Commission \|access-date=19 March 2020}}</ref> Agricultural products of the region include [[ficus\|fig]], [[almond]], [[Orange (fruit)\|orange]], [[Ceratonia siliqua\|carob]], [[olive]], [[avocado]]<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2021-06-17 \|title=Algarve avocado is registered as a trademark \|url=https://www.expatica.com/pt/news/algarve-avocado-is-registered-as-a-trademark-99998/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=Expatica Portugal \|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[cork oak]]. Horticulture is important and the region's landscape is known for the large areas of land covered with [[greenhouse]]s which are used to that end. Several types of fruit<ref name="JBI GROUP"/> and veggies such as [[tomato]]es, [[cauliflower]]s, [[Arbutus unedo\|strawberry]] and [[raspberry]], are commercially grown and exported. [[Fishing in Portugal\|Fishing]] and [[aquaculture]] are important activities in the coastal area of the Algarve, with [[sardine]]s, [[squid]]s, [[Sole (fish)\|soles]], [[cyprinids]], [[gilt-head bream]], and various seafood, including [[oysters]]<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Onze hectares para produzir ostras nas rias algarvias \|url=https://www.cmjornal.pt/portugal/detalhe/onze-hectares-para-produzir-ostras-nas-rias-algarvias \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=www.cmjornal.pt \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> and the [[grooved carpet shell]], being the major products. The Algarve's wines are also renowned. Four wines in the region have [[Protected Designation of Origin]] (''[[Denominação de Origem Controlada]]'' – DOC): [[Lagoa DOC]], [[Lagos DOC]], [[Portimão DOC]], and [[Tavira DOC]]. [[Food processing]], including value added products (traditional, local raw agricultural products that have been modified or enhanced to have a higher market value than before) such as innovative fig, orange, almond and carob-based products,<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Dried Fruit Butters and Natural Dried Fruit \|url=https://iamnat.pt/en/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=I'M NAT \|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Products \|website=Carob World \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517084035/https://www.carobworld.com/en/mediterranean-temptations/ \|archive-date=2022-05-17 \|url=https://www.carobworld.com/en/mediterranean-temptations/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|title=The First of its Kind \|url=https://grandcarob.com/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=Grand Carob \|language=en-US}}</ref> cement ([[CIMPOR]] has a major cement plant in Loulé<ref>{{cite web \|title=Centro de Produção de Loulé \|website=Loulé \|publisher=Cimpor \|url=https://www.cimpor.com/loule}}</ref>) and construction are the main industries. [[Cork (material)\|Cork]], having an historical industrial tradition in [[Silves, Portugal\|Silves]] and [[São Brás de Alportel]] [[concelho\|municipalities]] since the 19th century but in decline by the 1930s, is still used as a material for the production of several items by newer industries that make products ranging from [[cork stopper]]s to [[fashionware]]. Pelcor, headquartered in São Brás de Alportel, is the first luxury brand of fashion and lifestyle accessories in cork skin combining design, innovation and sustainability.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2010-01-31 \|title=História da Pelcor \|url=https://www.publico.pt/2010/01/31/jornal/historia-da-pelcor-18702182 \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=PÚBLICO \|language=pt}}</ref>		The Algarve's [[human development index]] (HDI) stands at 0.847 (2019) while Portugal's HDI average is 0.864 (2019) and [[Lisbon Metropolitan Area]]'s is 0.901 (2019) – it is the 4th most developed region of Portugal out of seven regions. However, with a [[GDP per capita]] at 85.2% of the [[European Union]] average, the Algarve has the second highest purchasing power in the country, standing only behind Lisbon Metropolitan Area.<ref name=EComission>{{cite web \|title=Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs – Algarve Region of Portugal \|url=https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/regional-innovation-monitor/base-profile/algarve-region-portugal \|publisher=European Commission \|access-date=19 March 2020}}</ref> Agricultural products of the region include [[ficus\|fig]], [[almond]], [[Orange (fruit)\|orange]], [[Ceratonia siliqua\|carob]], [[olive]], [[avocado]]<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2021-06-17 \|title=Algarve avocado is registered as a trademark \|url=https://www.expatica.com/pt/news/algarve-avocado-is-registered-as-a-trademark-99998/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=Expatica Portugal \|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[cork oak]]. Horticulture is important and the region's landscape is known for the large areas of land covered with [[greenhouse]]s which are used to that end. Several types of fruit<ref name="JBI GROUP"/> and veggies such as [[tomato]]es, [[cauliflower]]s, [[Arbutus unedo\|strawberry]] and [[raspberry]], are commercially grown and exported. [[Fishing in Portugal\|Fishing]] and [[aquaculture]] are important activities in the coastal area of the Algarve, with [[sardine]]s, [[squid]]s, [[Sole (fish)\|soles]], [[cyprinids]], [[gilt-head bream]], and various seafood, including [[oysters]]<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Onze hectares para produzir ostras nas rias algarvias \|url=https://www.cmjornal.pt/portugal/detalhe/onze-hectares-para-produzir-ostras-nas-rias-algarvias \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=www.cmjornal.pt \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> and the [[grooved carpet shell]], being the major products. The Algarve's wines are also renowned. Four wines in the region have [[Protected Designation of Origin]] (''[[Denominação de Origem Controlada]]'' – DOC): [[Lagoa DOC]], [[Lagos DOC]], [[Portimão DOC]], and [[Tavira DOC]]. [[Food processing]], including value added products (traditional, local raw agricultural products that have been modified or enhanced to have a higher market value than before) such as innovative fig, orange, almond and carob-based products,<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Dried Fruit Butters and Natural Dried Fruit \|url=https://iamnat.pt/en/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=I'M NAT \|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Products \|website=Carob World \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517084035/https://www.carobworld.com/en/mediterranean-temptations/ \|archive-date=2022-05-17 \|url=https://www.carobworld.com/en/mediterranean-temptations/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|title=The First of its Kind \|url=https://grandcarob.com/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=Grand Carob \|language=en-US}}</ref> cement ([[CIMPOR]] has a major cement plant in Loulé<ref>{{cite web \|title=Centro de Produção de Loulé \|website=Loulé \|publisher=Cimpor \|url=https://www.cimpor.com/loule}}</ref>) and construction are the main industries. [[Cork (material)\|Cork]], having an historical industrial tradition in [[Silves, Portugal\|Silves]] and [[São Brás de Alportel]] [[concelho\|municipalities]] since the 19th century but in decline by the 1930s, is still used as a material for the production of several items by newer industries that make products ranging from [[cork stopper]]s to [[fashionware]]. Pelcor, headquartered in São Brás de Alportel, is the first luxury brand of fashion and lifestyle accessories in cork skin combining design, innovation and sustainability.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2010-01-31 \|title=História da Pelcor \|url=https://www.publico.pt/2010/01/31/jornal/historia-da-pelcor-18702182 \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=PÚBLICO \|language=pt}}</ref>
	[[File:2017-08-20 Outside the Arrivals hall at the terminal, Faro airport (2).JPG\|thumb\|right\|[[Faro International Airport]].]]		[[File:2017-08-20 Outside the Arrivals hall at the terminal, Faro airport (2).JPG\|thumb\|right\|[[Faro International Airport]].]]
	[[File:AlgarveShopping 1 - Guia, Algarve - Portugal - 09-09-2024.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Algarve Shopping, a shopping center located in [[Guia (Albufeira)\|Guia,]] Albufeira.]]		[[File:AlgarveShopping 1 - Guia, Algarve - Portugal - 09-09-2024.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Algarve Shopping, a shopping center located in [[Guia (Albufeira)\|Guia]], Albufeira.]]
	Tourism-related activities are extensive and make up the bulk of the Algarve's economy during summer. The Algarve's economy has always been closely linked to the sea. Fishing and fish processing have been an important activity since ancient times. This is atested by archeological evidence of [[garum]] production in Algarve during the [[Roman Empire\|Roman era]]. The oldest [[fish canning]] factory of Portugal was that of [[Conservas Ramirez]] established by Sebastian Ramirez in [[Vila Real de Santo António]], Eastern Algarve in 1853,<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2017-05-09 \|title=Empresa \|publisher=Ramirez - Conservas \|url=https://ramirez.pt/empresa/ \|access-date=2022-09-27 \|website=ramirez.pt \|language=pt-pt}}</ref> but the long-established fish canning industry entered in decline in the region due to a scarcity of [[tuna]] and [[Sardines as food\|sardines]] in Algarve's waters because they were the main raw materials used by the industry.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2015-12-21 \|title=Ramirez: "Estamos muito orgulhosos da Ramirez 1853 porque é uma unidade extraordinária a nível mundial, com condições únicas…" \|url=https://www.sisab.pt/noticias/ramirez-estamos-muito-orgulhosos-da-ramirez-1853-porque-e-uma-unidade-extraordinaria-a-nivel-mundial-com-condicoes-unicas/ \|access-date=2022-09-27 \|website=Sisab \|language=pt-pt}}</ref> Similarly to what happened to the declining Algarvean cork industry in the 1930s, many companies folded and others moved to [[North Region, Portugal\|Northern Portugal]] in the process. However, successful fish canning industry persists with a number of factories like those of Conserveira do Sul and others. Coincidentally, with this decline in fish canning in the region, since the 1960s the Algarve has embraced tourism which has become its most important economic activity. [[Faro International Airport]] located 4 km from downtown Faro, the administrative center of the region of the Algarve in Portugal, was constructed during the 1960s and inaugurated in 1965. In 2019, the airport reached a record-breaking 9 million passengers handled a year.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2020-01-03 \|title=Faro Airport welcomes record-breaking 9 million passengers in 2019 \|url=https://algarvedailynews.com/news/17497-faro-airport-welcomes-record-breaking-9-million-passengers-in-2019 \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=algarvedailynews.com \|language=en-gb}}</ref>		Tourism-related activities are extensive and make up the bulk of the Algarve's economy during summer. The Algarve's economy has always been closely linked to the sea. Fishing and fish processing have been an important activity since ancient times. This is atested by archeological evidence of [[garum]] production in Algarve during the [[Roman Empire\|Roman era]]. The oldest [[fish canning]] factory of Portugal was that of [[Conservas Ramirez]] established by Sebastian Ramirez in [[Vila Real de Santo António]], Eastern Algarve in 1853,<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2017-05-09 \|title=Empresa \|publisher=Ramirez - Conservas \|url=https://ramirez.pt/empresa/ \|access-date=2022-09-27 \|website=ramirez.pt \|language=pt-pt}}</ref> but the long-established fish canning industry entered in decline in the region due to a scarcity of [[tuna]] and [[Sardines as food\|sardines]] in Algarve's waters because they were the main raw materials used by the industry.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2015-12-21 \|title=Ramirez: "Estamos muito orgulhosos da Ramirez 1853 porque é uma unidade extraordinária a nível mundial, com condições únicas…" \|url=https://www.sisab.pt/noticias/ramirez-estamos-muito-orgulhosos-da-ramirez-1853-porque-e-uma-unidade-extraordinaria-a-nivel-mundial-com-condicoes-unicas/ \|access-date=2022-09-27 \|website=Sisab \|language=pt-pt}}</ref> Similarly to what happened to the declining Algarvean cork industry in the 1930s, many companies folded and others moved to [[North Region, Portugal\|Northern Portugal]] in the process. However, successful fish canning industry persists with a number of factories like those of Conserveira do Sul and others. Coincidentally, with this decline in fish canning in the region, since the 1960s the Algarve has embraced tourism which has become its most important economic activity. [[Faro International Airport]] located 4 km from downtown Faro, the administrative center of the region of the Algarve in Portugal, was constructed during the 1960s and inaugurated in 1965. In 2019, the airport reached a record-breaking 9 million passengers handled a year.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2020-01-03 \|title=Faro Airport welcomes record-breaking 9 million passengers in 2019 \|url=https://algarvedailynews.com/news/17497-faro-airport-welcomes-record-breaking-9-million-passengers-in-2019 \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=algarvedailynews.com \|language=en-gb}}</ref>

← Previous revision		Revision as of 06:55, 22 October 2024
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	[[File:Cidade de Silves12.jpg\|thumb\|right\|The city of [[Silves, Portugal\|Silves]], the first capital of the Algarve and an example of the noticeable Moorish influence in the region]]		[[File:Cidade de Silves12.jpg\|thumb\|right\|The city of [[Silves, Portugal\|Silves]], the first capital of the Algarve and an example of the noticeable Moorish influence in the region]]
	When the [[Moors]] conquered [[Lagos, Portugal\|Lagos]] in 716, it was renamed Zawaia.{{Citation needed\|date=September 2024}} Faro, which the Christian residents had called Santa Maria, was renamed Faaron, from {{~~lang-~~ar\|هَارُون\|translit=hārūn}}, named after a local Muslim chieftain. Due to the conquest of the Iberian Peninsula, the region was called [[Gharb Al-Andalus]]: ''Gharb'' means "the west", while ''[[al-Andalus]]'' is the Arabic name for the Iberian Peninsula. As the westernmost region to be conquered by the Moors, the coveted lands of the Algarve, in this corner of Europe, became for a while the end goal of the [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Muslim Empire]]'s [[expansionist]] policy. With the advent of Moorish rule in the eighth century, Faro, called Ossonoba by then, retained its status as the most important town in the southwest corner of the [[Iberian Peninsula]].<ref name="CMHistoria">{{citation \|url=http://www.cm-faro.pt/menu/78/faro-na-historia.aspx \|title=História \|location=Faro (Algarve), Portugal \|language=pt \|year=2015 \|publisher=Câmara Municipal de Faro \|editor=Câmara Municipal}}</ref> In the 9th century, after a revolt<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2014-02-03 \|title=A revolta dos Muladis de Xantamarya Al-Gharb \|url=https://historiasdeportugalemarrocos.com/2014/02/03/a-revolta-dos-muladis-de-xantamarya-al-gharb/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=Histórias de Portugal em Marrocos \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> led by [[Yahia Ben Bakr]] who was succeeded in office by his son, [[Bakr Ben Yahia]], it became the capital of a short-lived autonomous princedom and was fortified with a ring of defensive walls.<ref name=CMHistoria/> At this time, in the 10th century, the name Santa Maria began to be used instead of Ossonoba. By the 11th century, the town was known as ''Santa Maria Ibn Harun''.<ref name=CMHistoria/> During the Moorish era (9-12th century), Silves was a major stronghold, and the town prospered greatly as the capital of the region. In the mid-13th century, during the [[Reconquista]], the [[Kingdom of Portugal]] took over the region in a series of successful military campaigns against the Moors. ''Al-Gharb'' became the [[Kingdom of Algarve]], and the non-assimilated Muslim Moors who didn't flee the region would be expelled in 1496 not only in the Algarve but in all of Portugal.<ref>[[Porto Editora]] – Cristãos e Muçulmanos em Portugal na Infopédia [em linha]. Porto: Porto Editora. [consult. 2022-01-01 11:56:13]. Disponível em https://www.infopedia.pt/$cristaos-e-muculmanos-em-portugal</ref> As the southernmost region to be conquered by the Portuguese, the coveted territory had become for a while the end goal of the Kingdom of Portugal's expansionist policy known as Reconquista and by itself one of the reasons behind the foundation of Portugal. There were subsequent Moorish attempts to recapture the region, without success.		When the [[Moors]] conquered [[Lagos, Portugal\|Lagos]] in 716, it was renamed Zawaia.{{Citation needed\|date=September 2024}} Faro, which the Christian residents had called Santa Maria, was renamed Faaron, from {{langx\|ar\|هَارُون\|translit=hārūn}}, named after a local Muslim chieftain. Due to the conquest of the Iberian Peninsula, the region was called [[Gharb Al-Andalus]]: ''Gharb'' means "the west", while ''[[al-Andalus]]'' is the Arabic name for the Iberian Peninsula. As the westernmost region to be conquered by the Moors, the coveted lands of the Algarve, in this corner of Europe, became for a while the end goal of the [[Umayyad Caliphate\|Muslim Empire]]'s [[expansionist]] policy. With the advent of Moorish rule in the eighth century, Faro, called Ossonoba by then, retained its status as the most important town in the southwest corner of the [[Iberian Peninsula]].<ref name="CMHistoria">{{citation \|url=http://www.cm-faro.pt/menu/78/faro-na-historia.aspx \|title=História \|location=Faro (Algarve), Portugal \|language=pt \|year=2015 \|publisher=Câmara Municipal de Faro \|editor=Câmara Municipal}}</ref> In the 9th century, after a revolt<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2014-02-03 \|title=A revolta dos Muladis de Xantamarya Al-Gharb \|url=https://historiasdeportugalemarrocos.com/2014/02/03/a-revolta-dos-muladis-de-xantamarya-al-gharb/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=Histórias de Portugal em Marrocos \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> led by [[Yahia Ben Bakr]] who was succeeded in office by his son, [[Bakr Ben Yahia]], it became the capital of a short-lived autonomous princedom and was fortified with a ring of defensive walls.<ref name=CMHistoria/> At this time, in the 10th century, the name Santa Maria began to be used instead of Ossonoba. By the 11th century, the town was known as ''Santa Maria Ibn Harun''.<ref name=CMHistoria/> During the Moorish era (9-12th century), Silves was a major stronghold, and the town prospered greatly as the capital of the region. In the mid-13th century, during the [[Reconquista]], the [[Kingdom of Portugal]] took over the region in a series of successful military campaigns against the Moors. ''Al-Gharb'' became the [[Kingdom of Algarve]], and the non-assimilated Muslim Moors who didn't flee the region would be expelled in 1496 not only in the Algarve but in all of Portugal.<ref>[[Porto Editora]] – Cristãos e Muçulmanos em Portugal na Infopédia [em linha]. Porto: Porto Editora. [consult. 2022-01-01 11:56:13]. Disponível em https://www.infopedia.pt/$cristaos-e-muculmanos-em-portugal</ref> As the southernmost region to be conquered by the Portuguese, the coveted territory had become for a while the end goal of the Kingdom of Portugal's expansionist policy known as Reconquista and by itself one of the reasons behind the foundation of Portugal. There were subsequent Moorish attempts to recapture the region, without success.
	[[File:EstatuaDAfonsoIIIFaro.JPG\|thumb\|right\|upright\|Statue of King [[Afonso III of Portugal]] in Faro, Algarve, Portugal]]		[[File:EstatuaDAfonsoIIIFaro.JPG\|thumb\|right\|upright\|Statue of King [[Afonso III of Portugal]] in Faro, Algarve, Portugal]]
	King [[Afonso III of Portugal]] started calling himself King of Portugal and the Algarve. The most outstanding fact of his reign was indeed the definitive [[Portuguese Conquest of Algarve\|conquest of the Algarve]]. [[Silves, Portugal\|Silves]] was taken from its last Muslim ruler Ibn Afan by [[Paio Peres Correia]], Grand-Master of the [[Order of Santiago]] in 1242 and [[Tavira]] was also taken in the same year after [[Alentejo]] and most of the coast of the Algarve (then part of a historical region called [[Gharb al-Andalus]] by the Muslims of Iberian Peninsula) had already fallen in 1238. In March 1249, the city of [[Faro, Portugal\|Faro]] was conquered. From this date, Afonso III became the first Portuguese king to use the title King of Portugal and the Algarve. The friars of Sant'Iago and Calatrava played a decisive role, and were entrusted with the task of concluding the conquest.<ref>"Crónica de como D. Paio Correia, mestre de Santiago de Castela tomou este reino do Algarve aos mouros" ([[Tavira Municipality]]) https://cm-tavira.pt/site/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Cronica_D_Paio_Peres_Correia_transcricao.pdf</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|title=A conquista de Tavira por Paio Peres Correia \|url=https://ensina.rtp.pt/artigo/a-conquista-de-tavira-por-paio-peres-correia/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=RTP Ensina \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> The conquest of the Algarve led, however, to serious disagreements with the [[Kingdom of Castile]]. Peace was initially achieved with the marriage of King Afonso III to [[Beatrice of Castile (1242–1303)\|Beatrice of Castile]], illegitimate daughter of King [[Alfonso X of Castile]] (after the pope had annulled the marriage to [[Matilda II, Countess of Boulogne\|Matilda II]] because she was sterile), but the problem was only definitively solved by the [[Treaty of Badajoz (1267)\|Treaty of Badajoz]], of 16 February 1267. By this treaty it was defined that the [[Guadiana river]], from the confluence of the Caia until the mouth, would be the Portugal-Castile border.<ref>[[Porto Editora]] – D. Afonso III na Infopédia [em linha]. Porto: Porto Editora. [consult. 2022-01-01 09:48:10]. Disponível em https://www.infopedia.pt/$d.-afonso-iii</ref>		King [[Afonso III of Portugal]] started calling himself King of Portugal and the Algarve. The most outstanding fact of his reign was indeed the definitive [[Portuguese Conquest of Algarve\|conquest of the Algarve]]. [[Silves, Portugal\|Silves]] was taken from its last Muslim ruler Ibn Afan by [[Paio Peres Correia]], Grand-Master of the [[Order of Santiago]] in 1242 and [[Tavira]] was also taken in the same year after [[Alentejo]] and most of the coast of the Algarve (then part of a historical region called [[Gharb al-Andalus]] by the Muslims of Iberian Peninsula) had already fallen in 1238. In March 1249, the city of [[Faro, Portugal\|Faro]] was conquered. From this date, Afonso III became the first Portuguese king to use the title King of Portugal and the Algarve. The friars of Sant'Iago and Calatrava played a decisive role, and were entrusted with the task of concluding the conquest.<ref>"Crónica de como D. Paio Correia, mestre de Santiago de Castela tomou este reino do Algarve aos mouros" ([[Tavira Municipality]]) https://cm-tavira.pt/site/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Cronica_D_Paio_Peres_Correia_transcricao.pdf</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|title=A conquista de Tavira por Paio Peres Correia \|url=https://ensina.rtp.pt/artigo/a-conquista-de-tavira-por-paio-peres-correia/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=RTP Ensina \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> The conquest of the Algarve led, however, to serious disagreements with the [[Kingdom of Castile]]. Peace was initially achieved with the marriage of King Afonso III to [[Beatrice of Castile (1242–1303)\|Beatrice of Castile]], illegitimate daughter of King [[Alfonso X of Castile]] (after the pope had annulled the marriage to [[Matilda II, Countess of Boulogne\|Matilda II]] because she was sterile), but the problem was only definitively solved by the [[Treaty of Badajoz (1267)\|Treaty of Badajoz]], of 16 February 1267. By this treaty it was defined that the [[Guadiana river]], from the confluence of the Caia until the mouth, would be the Portugal-Castile border.<ref>[[Porto Editora]] – D. Afonso III na Infopédia [em linha]. Porto: Porto Editora. [consult. 2022-01-01 09:48:10]. Disponível em https://www.infopedia.pt/$d.-afonso-iii</ref>
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	==Culture==		==Culture==
	[[File:PTSLV.png\|thumb\|right\|[[Silves, Portugal\|Silves Municipality]] coat of arms: [[Arab]] and [[Berbers\|Berber]] influences due to Islamic occupation of the territory of the Algarve between the 8th and the 13th centuries are seen in language, architecture, food, faces and even the Algarvean municipalities' coats of arms.]]		[[File:PTSLV.png\|thumb\|right\|[[Silves, Portugal\|Silves Municipality]] coat of arms: [[Arab]] and [[Berbers\|Berber]] influences due to Islamic occupation of the territory of the Algarve between the 8th and the 13th centuries are seen in language, architecture, food, faces and even the Algarvean municipalities' coats of arms.]]
	The region of the Algarve has a rich [[ethnographic]] heritage, with centuries-old customs, traditions and historical heritage.<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Sherwood \|first=Seth \|date=2013-07-19 \|title=The Other Algarve \|language=en-US \|work=The New York Times \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/21/travel/the-other-algarve.html \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|title=Culture and Tradition \|url=https://www.visitalgarve.pt/en/menu/117/culture-and-tradition.aspx \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=www.visitalgarve.pt \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> The Algarve is a cultural and historical point of interest all year round, but at particular times, such as [[Easter]], [[Christmas]], or even Spring, together with its gastronomic delicacies, the Algarve region has an old, multifaceted legacy that also shaped its regional [[cultural identity]] within Portugal. The Algarve is a place that gathers many settlements, from prehistoric times, to Phoenician, Roman, Visigothic, Arab and Christian [[Reconquista]] times, there are several testimonies that left a little piece of themselves, to form the Algarve of today.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2023-05-23 \|title=Algarve {{!}} Location, History, Economy, & Facts {{!}} Britannica \|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Algarve \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=www.britannica.com \|language=en}}</ref> Since the menhirs and megalithic monuments like the [[Megalithic Monuments of Alcalar]] and the [[Menhirs of Lavajo]] that prove the presence of the first humans of its history, also the Romans left the testimonies of their presence and culture. The [[Roman Ruins of Milreu]] in [[Estói]], the [[Roman ruins of Cerro da Vila]] in [[Vilamoura]] or the [[Roman ruins of Quinta da Abicada]] in [[Mexilhoeira Grande]], are good examples of Roman vestiges in the Algarve, being some of them equipped with a dedicated [[interpretive center]] to tell their story. [[Gharb al-Andalus\|The Islamic occupation period]] from which a great heritage remains, present in various aspects of the Algarve culture beginning with the name of the region since the word "Algarve" goes back to the Arabic word "al-Gharb" meaning West (from {{~~Lang-~~ar\|الغرب\|translit=al-gharb\|lit=the west}}), including castles and fortresses, vestiges of a unique [[ribat]], the [[Ribat of Arrifana]], as well as [[alcaria]]s, and some [[Church (building)\|church]]es that were adapted from ancient [[mosque]]s, in addition to strong influences in popular architecture, also left its mark. [[Vila Real de Santo António]], to the far east of the region, near Spain, is the best Algarve example of the strong legacy that the [[Marquis of Pombal]] left in Portuguese urban planning after [[1755 Lisbon Earthquake\|the great earthquake of 1755]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=AiCEi Vila Real Santo António \|url=http://aicei.org/en/menu/68/vila-real-de-santo-antonio.aspx \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=aicei.org}}</ref>		The region of the Algarve has a rich [[ethnographic]] heritage, with centuries-old customs, traditions and historical heritage.<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Sherwood \|first=Seth \|date=2013-07-19 \|title=The Other Algarve \|language=en-US \|work=The New York Times \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/21/travel/the-other-algarve.html \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|title=Culture and Tradition \|url=https://www.visitalgarve.pt/en/menu/117/culture-and-tradition.aspx \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=www.visitalgarve.pt \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> The Algarve is a cultural and historical point of interest all year round, but at particular times, such as [[Easter]], [[Christmas]], or even Spring, together with its gastronomic delicacies, the Algarve region has an old, multifaceted legacy that also shaped its regional [[cultural identity]] within Portugal. The Algarve is a place that gathers many settlements, from prehistoric times, to Phoenician, Roman, Visigothic, Arab and Christian [[Reconquista]] times, there are several testimonies that left a little piece of themselves, to form the Algarve of today.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2023-05-23 \|title=Algarve {{!}} Location, History, Economy, & Facts {{!}} Britannica \|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Algarve \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=www.britannica.com \|language=en}}</ref> Since the menhirs and megalithic monuments like the [[Megalithic Monuments of Alcalar]] and the [[Menhirs of Lavajo]] that prove the presence of the first humans of its history, also the Romans left the testimonies of their presence and culture. The [[Roman Ruins of Milreu]] in [[Estói]], the [[Roman ruins of Cerro da Vila]] in [[Vilamoura]] or the [[Roman ruins of Quinta da Abicada]] in [[Mexilhoeira Grande]], are good examples of Roman vestiges in the Algarve, being some of them equipped with a dedicated [[interpretive center]] to tell their story. [[Gharb al-Andalus\|The Islamic occupation period]] from which a great heritage remains, present in various aspects of the Algarve culture beginning with the name of the region since the word "Algarve" goes back to the Arabic word "al-Gharb" meaning West (from {{Langx\|ar\|الغرب\|translit=al-gharb\|lit=the west}}), including castles and fortresses, vestiges of a unique [[ribat]], the [[Ribat of Arrifana]], as well as [[alcaria]]s, and some [[Church (building)\|church]]es that were adapted from ancient [[mosque]]s, in addition to strong influences in popular architecture, also left its mark. [[Vila Real de Santo António]], to the far east of the region, near Spain, is the best Algarve example of the strong legacy that the [[Marquis of Pombal]] left in Portuguese urban planning after [[1755 Lisbon Earthquake\|the great earthquake of 1755]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=AiCEi Vila Real Santo António \|url=http://aicei.org/en/menu/68/vila-real-de-santo-antonio.aspx \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=aicei.org}}</ref>
	[[File:Castelo de Loule - 22.06.2021.jpg\|thumb\|right\|A view of the [[Castle of Loulé]]]]		[[File:Castelo de Loule - 22.06.2021.jpg\|thumb\|right\|A view of the [[Castle of Loulé]]]]
	The Algarve dialect is a dialect of [[Portuguese language\|Portuguese]] spoken in the Algarve. It is closely related to [[Alentejan Portuguese]] and expresses the region's peculiar way of life, its traditional sayings, as well as its well-known and highly colorful curses, idioms, proverbs, and expressions.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=60 expressões que só um algarvio entende \|url=https://ncultura.pt/60-expressoes-que-so-um-algarvio-entende/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> It bears the influences of [[Arabic language\|Arabic]], [[archaic Portuguese]] and the southern variant of [[Castillian language\|Castillian]]. Until the end of the 20th century it was ubiquitous but afterwards it became less common among younger generations who live near the coastal strip and the main urban centers. In any case, a majority of people in some places of the Algarve besides the sparsely populated, ageing hilly interior, like areas of [[Lagos, Portugal\|Lagos]], [[Portimão]], [[Albufeira]], [[Loulé]], [[Faro, Portugal\|Faro]], [[Olhão]], [[Tavira]] and [[Vila Real de Santo António]] coastal municipalities, still speak the dialect employing its characteristic, strong accent on a daily basis.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Fernandes \|first=Maria Alice \|date=2008-01-21 \|title=O dialeto algarvio. Abordagem histórica. \|journal=Campo Arqueológico de Tavira \|url=https://www.academia.edu/15294393}}</ref>		The Algarve dialect is a dialect of [[Portuguese language\|Portuguese]] spoken in the Algarve. It is closely related to [[Alentejan Portuguese]] and expresses the region's peculiar way of life, its traditional sayings, as well as its well-known and highly colorful curses, idioms, proverbs, and expressions.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=60 expressões que só um algarvio entende \|url=https://ncultura.pt/60-expressoes-que-so-um-algarvio-entende/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> It bears the influences of [[Arabic language\|Arabic]], [[archaic Portuguese]] and the southern variant of [[Castillian language\|Castillian]]. Until the end of the 20th century it was ubiquitous but afterwards it became less common among younger generations who live near the coastal strip and the main urban centers. In any case, a majority of people in some places of the Algarve besides the sparsely populated, ageing hilly interior, like areas of [[Lagos, Portugal\|Lagos]], [[Portimão]], [[Albufeira]], [[Loulé]], [[Faro, Portugal\|Faro]], [[Olhão]], [[Tavira]] and [[Vila Real de Santo António]] coastal municipalities, still speak the dialect employing its characteristic, strong accent on a daily basis.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Fernandes \|first=Maria Alice \|date=2008-01-21 \|title=O dialeto algarvio. Abordagem histórica. \|journal=Campo Arqueológico de Tavira \|url=https://www.academia.edu/15294393}}</ref>

← Previous revision		Revision as of 20:39, 30 September 2024
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	The Algarve's [[human development index]] (HDI) stands at 0.847 (2019) while Portugal's HDI average is 0.864 (2019) and [[Lisbon Metropolitan Area]]'s is 0.901 (2019) – it is the 4th most developed region of Portugal out of seven regions. However, with a [[GDP per capita]] at 85.2% of the [[European Union]] average, the Algarve has the second highest purchasing power in the country, standing only behind Lisbon Metropolitan Area.<ref name=EComission>{{cite web \|title=Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs – Algarve Region of Portugal \|url=https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/regional-innovation-monitor/base-profile/algarve-region-portugal \|publisher=European Commission \|access-date=19 March 2020}}</ref> Agricultural products of the region include [[ficus\|fig]], [[almond]], [[Orange (fruit)\|orange]], [[Ceratonia siliqua\|carob]], [[olive]], [[avocado]]<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2021-06-17 \|title=Algarve avocado is registered as a trademark \|url=https://www.expatica.com/pt/news/algarve-avocado-is-registered-as-a-trademark-99998/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=Expatica Portugal \|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[cork oak]]. Horticulture is important and the region's landscape is known for the large areas of land covered with [[greenhouse]]s which are used to that end. Several types of fruit<ref name="JBI GROUP"/> and veggies such as [[tomato]]es, [[cauliflower]]s, [[Arbutus unedo\|strawberry]] and [[raspberry]], are commercially grown and exported. [[Fishing in Portugal\|Fishing]] and [[aquaculture]] are important activities in the coastal area of the Algarve, with [[sardine]]s, [[squid]]s, [[Sole (fish)\|soles]], [[cyprinids]], [[gilt-head bream]], and various seafood, including [[oysters]]<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Onze hectares para produzir ostras nas rias algarvias \|url=https://www.cmjornal.pt/portugal/detalhe/onze-hectares-para-produzir-ostras-nas-rias-algarvias \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=www.cmjornal.pt \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> and the [[grooved carpet shell]], being the major products. The Algarve's wines are also renowned. Four wines in the region have [[Protected Designation of Origin]] (''[[Denominação de Origem Controlada]]'' – DOC): [[Lagoa DOC]], [[Lagos DOC]], [[Portimão DOC]], and [[Tavira DOC]]. [[Food processing]], including value added products (traditional, local raw agricultural products that have been modified or enhanced to have a higher market value than before) such as innovative fig, orange, almond and carob-based products,<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Dried Fruit Butters and Natural Dried Fruit \|url=https://iamnat.pt/en/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=I'M NAT \|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Products \|website=Carob World \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517084035/https://www.carobworld.com/en/mediterranean-temptations/ \|archive-date=2022-05-17 \|url=https://www.carobworld.com/en/mediterranean-temptations/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|title=The First of its Kind \|url=https://grandcarob.com/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=Grand Carob \|language=en-US}}</ref> cement ([[CIMPOR]] has a major cement plant in Loulé<ref>{{cite web \|title=Centro de Produção de Loulé \|website=Loulé \|publisher=Cimpor \|url=https://www.cimpor.com/loule}}</ref>) and construction are the main industries. [[Cork (material)\|Cork]], having an historical industrial tradition in [[Silves, Portugal\|Silves]] and [[São Brás de Alportel]] [[concelho\|municipalities]] since the 19th century but in decline by the 1930s, is still used as a material for the production of several items by newer industries that make products ranging from [[cork stopper]]s to [[fashionware]]. Pelcor, headquartered in São Brás de Alportel, is the first luxury brand of fashion and lifestyle accessories in cork skin combining design, innovation and sustainability.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2010-01-31 \|title=História da Pelcor \|url=https://www.publico.pt/2010/01/31/jornal/historia-da-pelcor-18702182 \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=PÚBLICO \|language=pt}}</ref>		The Algarve's [[human development index]] (HDI) stands at 0.847 (2019) while Portugal's HDI average is 0.864 (2019) and [[Lisbon Metropolitan Area]]'s is 0.901 (2019) – it is the 4th most developed region of Portugal out of seven regions. However, with a [[GDP per capita]] at 85.2% of the [[European Union]] average, the Algarve has the second highest purchasing power in the country, standing only behind Lisbon Metropolitan Area.<ref name=EComission>{{cite web \|title=Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs – Algarve Region of Portugal \|url=https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/regional-innovation-monitor/base-profile/algarve-region-portugal \|publisher=European Commission \|access-date=19 March 2020}}</ref> Agricultural products of the region include [[ficus\|fig]], [[almond]], [[Orange (fruit)\|orange]], [[Ceratonia siliqua\|carob]], [[olive]], [[avocado]]<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2021-06-17 \|title=Algarve avocado is registered as a trademark \|url=https://www.expatica.com/pt/news/algarve-avocado-is-registered-as-a-trademark-99998/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=Expatica Portugal \|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[cork oak]]. Horticulture is important and the region's landscape is known for the large areas of land covered with [[greenhouse]]s which are used to that end. Several types of fruit<ref name="JBI GROUP"/> and veggies such as [[tomato]]es, [[cauliflower]]s, [[Arbutus unedo\|strawberry]] and [[raspberry]], are commercially grown and exported. [[Fishing in Portugal\|Fishing]] and [[aquaculture]] are important activities in the coastal area of the Algarve, with [[sardine]]s, [[squid]]s, [[Sole (fish)\|soles]], [[cyprinids]], [[gilt-head bream]], and various seafood, including [[oysters]]<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Onze hectares para produzir ostras nas rias algarvias \|url=https://www.cmjornal.pt/portugal/detalhe/onze-hectares-para-produzir-ostras-nas-rias-algarvias \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=www.cmjornal.pt \|language=pt-PT}}</ref> and the [[grooved carpet shell]], being the major products. The Algarve's wines are also renowned. Four wines in the region have [[Protected Designation of Origin]] (''[[Denominação de Origem Controlada]]'' – DOC): [[Lagoa DOC]], [[Lagos DOC]], [[Portimão DOC]], and [[Tavira DOC]]. [[Food processing]], including value added products (traditional, local raw agricultural products that have been modified or enhanced to have a higher market value than before) such as innovative fig, orange, almond and carob-based products,<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Dried Fruit Butters and Natural Dried Fruit \|url=https://iamnat.pt/en/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=I'M NAT \|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Products \|website=Carob World \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517084035/https://www.carobworld.com/en/mediterranean-temptations/ \|archive-date=2022-05-17 \|url=https://www.carobworld.com/en/mediterranean-temptations/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|title=The First of its Kind \|url=https://grandcarob.com/ \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=Grand Carob \|language=en-US}}</ref> cement ([[CIMPOR]] has a major cement plant in Loulé<ref>{{cite web \|title=Centro de Produção de Loulé \|website=Loulé \|publisher=Cimpor \|url=https://www.cimpor.com/loule}}</ref>) and construction are the main industries. [[Cork (material)\|Cork]], having an historical industrial tradition in [[Silves, Portugal\|Silves]] and [[São Brás de Alportel]] [[concelho\|municipalities]] since the 19th century but in decline by the 1930s, is still used as a material for the production of several items by newer industries that make products ranging from [[cork stopper]]s to [[fashionware]]. Pelcor, headquartered in São Brás de Alportel, is the first luxury brand of fashion and lifestyle accessories in cork skin combining design, innovation and sustainability.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2010-01-31 \|title=História da Pelcor \|url=https://www.publico.pt/2010/01/31/jornal/historia-da-pelcor-18702182 \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=PÚBLICO \|language=pt}}</ref>
	[[File:2017-08-20 Outside the Arrivals hall at the terminal, Faro airport (2).JPG\|thumb\|right\|[[Faro International Airport]].]]		[[File:2017-08-20 Outside the Arrivals hall at the terminal, Faro airport (2).JPG\|thumb\|right\|[[Faro International Airport]].]]
	[[File:AlgarveShopping 1 - Guia, Algarve - Portugal - 09-09-2024.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Algarve Shopping, a shopping center located in [[Guia (Albufeira)\|Guia,]] Albufeira.]]		[[File:AlgarveShopping 1 - Guia, Algarve - Portugal - 09-09-2024.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Algarve Shopping, a shopping center located in [[Guia (Albufeira)\|Guia]], Albufeira.]]
	Tourism-related activities are extensive and make up the bulk of the Algarve's economy during summer. The Algarve's economy has always been closely linked to the sea. Fishing and fish processing have been an important activity since ancient times. This is atested by archeological evidence of [[garum]] production in Algarve during the [[Roman Empire\|Roman era]]. The oldest [[fish canning]] factory of Portugal was that of [[Conservas Ramirez]] established by Sebastian Ramirez in [[Vila Real de Santo António]], Eastern Algarve in 1853,<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2017-05-09 \|title=Empresa \|publisher=Ramirez - Conservas \|url=https://ramirez.pt/empresa/ \|access-date=2022-09-27 \|website=ramirez.pt \|language=pt-pt}}</ref> but the long-established fish canning industry entered in decline in the region due to a scarcity of [[tuna]] and [[Sardines as food\|sardines]] in Algarve's waters because they were the main raw materials used by the industry.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2015-12-21 \|title=Ramirez: "Estamos muito orgulhosos da Ramirez 1853 porque é uma unidade extraordinária a nível mundial, com condições únicas…" \|url=https://www.sisab.pt/noticias/ramirez-estamos-muito-orgulhosos-da-ramirez-1853-porque-e-uma-unidade-extraordinaria-a-nivel-mundial-com-condicoes-unicas/ \|access-date=2022-09-27 \|website=Sisab \|language=pt-pt}}</ref> Similarly to what happened to the declining Algarvean cork industry in the 1930s, many companies folded and others moved to [[North Region, Portugal\|Northern Portugal]] in the process. However, successful fish canning industry persists with a number of factories like those of Conserveira do Sul and others. Coincidentally, with this decline in fish canning in the region, since the 1960s the Algarve has embraced tourism which has become its most important economic activity. [[Faro International Airport]] located 4 km from downtown Faro, the administrative center of the region of the Algarve in Portugal, was constructed during the 1960s and inaugurated in 1965. In 2019, the airport reached a record-breaking 9 million passengers handled a year.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2020-01-03 \|title=Faro Airport welcomes record-breaking 9 million passengers in 2019 \|url=https://algarvedailynews.com/news/17497-faro-airport-welcomes-record-breaking-9-million-passengers-in-2019 \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=algarvedailynews.com \|language=en-gb}}</ref>		Tourism-related activities are extensive and make up the bulk of the Algarve's economy during summer. The Algarve's economy has always been closely linked to the sea. Fishing and fish processing have been an important activity since ancient times. This is atested by archeological evidence of [[garum]] production in Algarve during the [[Roman Empire\|Roman era]]. The oldest [[fish canning]] factory of Portugal was that of [[Conservas Ramirez]] established by Sebastian Ramirez in [[Vila Real de Santo António]], Eastern Algarve in 1853,<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2017-05-09 \|title=Empresa \|publisher=Ramirez - Conservas \|url=https://ramirez.pt/empresa/ \|access-date=2022-09-27 \|website=ramirez.pt \|language=pt-pt}}</ref> but the long-established fish canning industry entered in decline in the region due to a scarcity of [[tuna]] and [[Sardines as food\|sardines]] in Algarve's waters because they were the main raw materials used by the industry.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2015-12-21 \|title=Ramirez: "Estamos muito orgulhosos da Ramirez 1853 porque é uma unidade extraordinária a nível mundial, com condições únicas…" \|url=https://www.sisab.pt/noticias/ramirez-estamos-muito-orgulhosos-da-ramirez-1853-porque-e-uma-unidade-extraordinaria-a-nivel-mundial-com-condicoes-unicas/ \|access-date=2022-09-27 \|website=Sisab \|language=pt-pt}}</ref> Similarly to what happened to the declining Algarvean cork industry in the 1930s, many companies folded and others moved to [[North Region, Portugal\|Northern Portugal]] in the process. However, successful fish canning industry persists with a number of factories like those of Conserveira do Sul and others. Coincidentally, with this decline in fish canning in the region, since the 1960s the Algarve has embraced tourism which has become its most important economic activity. [[Faro International Airport]] located 4 km from downtown Faro, the administrative center of the region of the Algarve in Portugal, was constructed during the 1960s and inaugurated in 1965. In 2019, the airport reached a record-breaking 9 million passengers handled a year.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2020-01-03 \|title=Faro Airport welcomes record-breaking 9 million passengers in 2019 \|url=https://algarvedailynews.com/news/17497-faro-airport-welcomes-record-breaking-9-million-passengers-in-2019 \|access-date=2023-07-11 \|website=algarvedailynews.com \|language=en-gb}}</ref>