Astrid Løken - Revision history

Simeon: Changing short description from "Norwegian entomologist" to "Norwegian entomologist (1911–2008)"

2023-08-26T14:15:56Z

Changing short description from "Norwegian entomologist" to "Norwegian entomologist (1911–2008)"

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	{{Infobox scientist		{{Infobox scientist
	\|name = Astrid Løken		\|name = Astrid Løken

Smasongarrison: Removing from Category:Norwegian people of World War II Diffusing per WP:DIFFUSE using Cat-a-lot

2023-08-07T01:43:02Z

Removing from Category:Norwegian people of World War II Diffusing per WP:DIFFUSE using Cat-a-lot

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	[[Category:Norwegian women in World War II]]		[[Category:Norwegian women in World War II]]
	[[Category:Norwegian people of World War II]]
	[[Category:20th-century Norwegian zoologists]]		[[Category:20th-century Norwegian zoologists]]
	[[Category:20th-century Norwegian educators]]		[[Category:20th-century Norwegian educators]]

Smasongarrison: Copying from Category:Norwegian women in World War II to Category:Norwegian people of World War II Diffusing per WP:DIFFUSE using Cat-a-lot

2023-08-07T01:42:10Z

Copying from Category:Norwegian women in World War II to Category:Norwegian people of World War II Diffusing per WP:DIFFUSE using Cat-a-lot

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	[[Category:20th-century Norwegian zoologists]]		[[Category:20th-century Norwegian zoologists]]
	[[Category:20th-century Norwegian educators]]		[[Category:20th-century Norwegian educators]]

JJMC89 bot III: Moving :Category:Women resistance members of World War II to :Category:Female resistance members of World War II per Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2023 April 20#Category:Fictional women assassins

2023-04-20T18:07:18Z

Moving Category:Women resistance members of World War II to Category:Female resistance members of World War II per Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2023 April 20#Category:Fictional women assassins

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	[[Category:1911 births]]		[[Category:1911 births]]
	[[Category:2008 deaths]]		[[Category:2008 deaths]]
	[[Category:~~Women~~ resistance members of World War II]]		[[Category:Female resistance members of World War II]]
	[[Category:Norwegian entomologists]]		[[Category:Norwegian entomologists]]
	[[Category:Women entomologists]]		[[Category:Women entomologists]]

Materialscientist: Moving from Category:Female resistance members of World War II to Category:Women resistance members of World War II using Cat-a-lot

2023-04-20T03:29:59Z

Moving from Category:Female resistance members of World War II to Category:Women resistance members of World War II using Cat-a-lot

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	[[Category:2008 deaths]]		[[Category:2008 deaths]]
	[[Category:~~Female~~ resistance members of World War II]]		[[Category:Women resistance members of World War II]]
	[[Category:Norwegian entomologists]]		[[Category:Norwegian entomologists]]
	[[Category:Women entomologists]]		[[Category:Women entomologists]]

JJMC89 bot III: Moving :Category:University of Bergen faculty to :Category:Academic staff of the University of Bergen per Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2023 January 3

2023-01-12T17:01:00Z

Moving Category:University of Bergen faculty to Category:Academic staff of the University of Bergen per Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2023 January 3

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	[[Category:Norwegian resistance members]]		[[Category:Norwegian resistance members]]
	[[Category:Norwegian spies]]		[[Category:Norwegian spies]]
	[[Category:University of Bergen ~~faculty~~]]		[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Bergen]]
	[[Category:University of Oslo alumni]]		[[Category:University of Oslo alumni]]
	[[Category:XU]]		[[Category:XU]]

Josvebot: v2.04b - Fix errors for CW project (Unicode control characters)

2022-01-02T20:46:40Z

v2.04b - Fix errors for CW project (Unicode control characters)

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	[[Category:Norwegian women in World War II]]		[[Category:Norwegian women in World War II]]
	[[Category:20th-century Norwegian ~~zoologists‎~~]]		[[Category:20th-century Norwegian zoologists]]
	[[Category:20th-century Norwegian educators]]		[[Category:20th-century Norwegian educators]]
	[[Category:Scientists from Oslo]]		[[Category:Scientists from Oslo]]

Rathfelder: − 6 categories; ± 3 categories using HotCat

2021-12-31T22:18:12Z

− 6 categories; ± 3 categories using HotCat

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	[[Category:XU]]		[[Category:XU]]
	[[Category:Norwegian women academics]]
	[[Category:Norwegian women in World War II]]		[[Category:Norwegian women in World War II]]
	[[Category:~~Norwegian~~ ~~women~~ ~~scientists~~]]		[[Category:20th-century Norwegian zoologists‎]]
	[[Category:20th-century Norwegian scientists]]
	[[Category:21st-century Norwegian scientists]]
	[[Category:20th-century Norwegian educators]]		[[Category:20th-century Norwegian educators]]
	[[Category:~~21st-century~~ ~~Norwegian~~ ~~educators~~]]		[[Category:Scientists from Oslo]]
	[[Category:People from Oslo]]
	[[Category:20th-century zoologists]]
	[[Category:20th-century women educators]]		[[Category:20th-century women educators]]
	[[Category:~~21st~~-century women ~~educators~~]]		[[Category:20th-century Norwegian women scientists]]
	[[Category:20th-century Norwegian women]]

Ser Amantio di Nicolao: /* References */add category

2021-06-15T00:56:13Z

References: add category

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	[[Category:20th-century women educators]]		[[Category:20th-century women educators]]
	[[Category:21st-century women educators]]		[[Category:21st-century women educators]]
			[[Category:20th-century Norwegian women]]

Monkbot: Task 18 (cosmetic): eval 6 templates: del empty params (2×); hyphenate params (5×); cvt lang vals (5×);

2020-12-13T02:56:15Z

Task 18 (cosmetic): eval 6 templates: del empty params (2×); hyphenate params (5×); cvt lang vals (5×);

← Previous revision		Revision as of 02:56, 13 December 2020
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	==Early career==		==Early career==
	Astrid Løken was born in 1911 in Kristiania, which was renamed [[Oslo]] in 1925. She enrolled at the [[University of Oslo]], and graduated as [[cand.real.]] in 1942.<ref name=insn>{{cite journal\|last=Sømme\|first=Lauritz\|~~authorlink~~=Lauritz Sømme\|year=1991\|title=Astrid Løken 80 år\|journal=Insekt-Nytt\|volume=16\|issue=1\|pages=21–23\|language=~~Norwegian~~\|url=http://www.entomologi.no/journals/insektnytt/1991/IN_16_01_1991.pdf }}</ref> In 1941 she became the first female member of the [[Norwegian Entomological Society]].<ref name=db>{{cite journal\|last=Kvalvaag\|first=Hilde K.\|year=2007\|title=Humleforskar med hemmeleg bistilling\|journal=Hubro\|volume=14\|issue=4\|pages=22–23\|language=~~Norwegian~~\|url=http://hubro.uib.no/hubro4-2007/Hubro_4_2007_web.pdf}}</ref>		Astrid Løken was born in 1911 in Kristiania, which was renamed [[Oslo]] in 1925. She enrolled at the [[University of Oslo]], and graduated as [[cand.real.]] in 1942.<ref name=insn>{{cite journal\|last=Sømme\|first=Lauritz\|author-link=Lauritz Sømme\|year=1991\|title=Astrid Løken 80 år\|journal=Insekt-Nytt\|volume=16\|issue=1\|pages=21–23\|language=no\|url=http://www.entomologi.no/journals/insektnytt/1991/IN_16_01_1991.pdf }}</ref> In 1941 she became the first female member of the [[Norwegian Entomological Society]].<ref name=db>{{cite journal\|last=Kvalvaag\|first=Hilde K.\|year=2007\|title=Humleforskar med hemmeleg bistilling\|journal=Hubro\|volume=14\|issue=4\|pages=22–23\|language=no\|url=http://hubro.uib.no/hubro4-2007/Hubro_4_2007_web.pdf}}</ref>

	===Occupation of Norway===		===Occupation of Norway===
	On 9 April 1940, Norway was [[Operation Weserübung\|invaded by Nazi Germany]] and [[Occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany\|occupied]] after a [[Norwegian Campaign\|two-month campaign]]. In the spring of 1941, Løken was recruited to [[XU]], a clandestine intelligence organization which answered to the Norwegian High Command-in-exile in the [[United Kingdom]]. She bore the [[nom de guerre]] "Eva".<ref name=db/>		On 9 April 1940, Norway was [[Operation Weserübung\|invaded by Nazi Germany]] and [[Occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany\|occupied]] after a [[Norwegian Campaign\|two-month campaign]]. In the spring of 1941, Løken was recruited to [[XU]], a clandestine intelligence organization which answered to the Norwegian High Command-in-exile in the [[United Kingdom]]. She bore the [[nom de guerre]] "Eva".<ref name=db/>

	According to one historian, students of [[natural science]]s were well-suited for intelligence work, as they were practically oriented and used to working in the field. In addition, their photography in the field was often regarded as inconspicuous.<ref>{{cite news\|url=http://www.apollon.uio.no/vis/art/2003/4/okkupasjon\|title=Ingen fredet plett\|last=Løvhaug\|first=Johannes W.\|~~authorlink~~=Johannes W. Løvhaug\|date=1 April 2003\|work=Apollon\|language=~~Norwegian~~\|~~accessdate~~=15 November 2008\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070907105849/http://www.apollon.uio.no/vis/art/2003/4/okkupasjon\|archive-date=2007-09-07\|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 1943, Løken was granted access to [[Hardangervidda]], a military restricted area. Under the cover of studying the genus ''[[Bombus]]'', she had been cleared by [[Reichskommissar]] [[Josef Terboven]], the highest Nazi leader in Norway. Travelling freely in the area, Løken managed to photograph roads, bridges and other installments. At Hardangervidda, she had access to a [[darkroom]] where she developed pictures for both entomological and military use. Since 1941 Løken used a laboratory at the Department of Biology during the night for [[illegal photography]].<ref name=db/>		According to one historian, students of [[natural science]]s were well-suited for intelligence work, as they were practically oriented and used to working in the field. In addition, their photography in the field was often regarded as inconspicuous.<ref>{{cite news\|url=http://www.apollon.uio.no/vis/art/2003/4/okkupasjon\|title=Ingen fredet plett\|last=Løvhaug\|first=Johannes W.\|author-link=Johannes W. Løvhaug\|date=1 April 2003\|work=Apollon\|language=no\|access-date=15 November 2008\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070907105849/http://www.apollon.uio.no/vis/art/2003/4/okkupasjon\|archive-date=2007-09-07\|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 1943, Løken was granted access to [[Hardangervidda]], a military restricted area. Under the cover of studying the genus ''[[Bombus]]'', she had been cleared by [[Reichskommissar]] [[Josef Terboven]], the highest Nazi leader in Norway. Travelling freely in the area, Løken managed to photograph roads, bridges and other installments. At Hardangervidda, she had access to a [[darkroom]] where she developed pictures for both entomological and military use. Since 1941 Løken used a laboratory at the Department of Biology during the night for [[illegal photography]].<ref name=db/>

	In addition to contributing her own material, she coordinated the sorting of intelligence material which was sent to the XU headquarters in Oslo. She would typically transport material by bicycle in the middle of the night. Number four in the organization, she was among the few who actually knew the location of these headquarters.<ref name=db/>		In addition to contributing her own material, she coordinated the sorting of intelligence material which was sent to the XU headquarters in Oslo. She would typically transport material by bicycle in the middle of the night. Number four in the organization, she was among the few who actually knew the location of these headquarters.<ref name=db/>
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	==Academic career==		==Academic career==
	Hospitalized near the end of World War II due to general exhaustion, she travelled to the United States shortly after the May 1945 liberation of Norway,<ref name=db/> where she studied horticulture and entomology at [[Michigan State University\|Michigan State College]].<ref>{{cite news\|title=European Girl Studies Horticulture at M.S.C. \|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/36706087/astrid_lken_19112008/ \|newspaper=Lansing State Journal \|date=October 6, 1946 \|page=7 \|via = [[Newspapers.com]] \|~~accessdate~~=October 4, 2019}} {{Open access}}</ref> She described the Department of Entomology at Michigan State College as "impressing", in contrast to the "miserable" conditions in Norway at the time. She also spent two months in 1947 at a research station in [[Logan, Utah]].<ref>{{cite journal~~\|last=\|first=~~\|year=1951\|title=Møte på Zoologisk museum tirsdag 15. april 1948\|journal=Norsk Entomologisk Tidsskrift\|volume=8\|issue=4–5\|pages=237–238\|language=~~Norwegian~~\|url=http://www.entomologi.no/journals/nje/old/V8/NET_08_04+05_1951.pdf}}</ref> However, in Michigan, the unmarried Løken was barred from conducting field research together with married men, as this could "spoil their reputation".<ref>{{cite news\|url=http://www.forskning.no/Artikler/2006/mars/1141740182.31\|title=Kvinner i akademia\|last=Søderlind\|first=Didrik\|date=8 March 2006\|work=Forskning.no\|language=~~Norwegian~~\|~~accessdate~~=2008-11-15\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720101949/http://www.forskning.no/Artikler/2006/mars/1141740182.31\|archive-date=2011-07-20\|url-status=dead}}</ref>		Hospitalized near the end of World War II due to general exhaustion, she travelled to the United States shortly after the May 1945 liberation of Norway,<ref name=db/> where she studied horticulture and entomology at [[Michigan State University\|Michigan State College]].<ref>{{cite news\|title=European Girl Studies Horticulture at M.S.C. \|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/36706087/astrid_lken_19112008/ \|newspaper=Lansing State Journal \|date=October 6, 1946 \|page=7 \|via = [[Newspapers.com]] \|access-date=October 4, 2019}} {{Open access}}</ref> She described the Department of Entomology at Michigan State College as "impressing", in contrast to the "miserable" conditions in Norway at the time. She also spent two months in 1947 at a research station in [[Logan, Utah]].<ref>{{cite journal\|year=1951\|title=Møte på Zoologisk museum tirsdag 15. april 1948\|journal=Norsk Entomologisk Tidsskrift\|volume=8\|issue=4–5\|pages=237–238\|language=no\|url=http://www.entomologi.no/journals/nje/old/V8/NET_08_04+05_1951.pdf}}</ref> However, in Michigan, the unmarried Løken was barred from conducting field research together with married men, as this could "spoil their reputation".<ref>{{cite news\|url=http://www.forskning.no/Artikler/2006/mars/1141740182.31\|title=Kvinner i akademia\|last=Søderlind\|first=Didrik\|date=8 March 2006\|work=Forskning.no\|language=no\|access-date=2008-11-15\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720101949/http://www.forskning.no/Artikler/2006/mars/1141740182.31\|archive-date=2011-07-20\|url-status=dead}}</ref>

	She returned to Norway, and was given her first academic position as a [[research assistant]] at the [[Norwegian University of Life Sciences\|Norwegian College of Agriculture]]. In 1949 she was hired as associate curator at the department of zoology, [[Bergen Museum]]. She mainly worked on building the entomological collection there, as well as conducting [[Field study\|field studies]]. She later became chief curator, and took the [[dr.philos.]] degree in 1973 with her thesis ''Studies on Scandinavian Bumble Bees''. Retiring in 1979, she entered a new position as senior [[research fellow]] at the University of Oslo, where she stayed until 1990.<ref name=insn/>		She returned to Norway, and was given her first academic position as a [[research assistant]] at the [[Norwegian University of Life Sciences\|Norwegian College of Agriculture]]. In 1949 she was hired as associate curator at the department of zoology, [[Bergen Museum]]. She mainly worked on building the entomological collection there, as well as conducting [[Field study\|field studies]]. She later became chief curator, and took the [[dr.philos.]] degree in 1973 with her thesis ''Studies on Scandinavian Bumble Bees''. Retiring in 1979, she entered a new position as senior [[research fellow]] at the University of Oslo, where she stayed until 1990.<ref name=insn/>