Bangladesh - Revision history

GreekApple123: Added links

2024-09-29T22:59:48Z

Added links

Hasancelikbilek35: added population estimate

2024-09-29T16:51:45Z

added population estimate

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:51, 29 September 2024
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	\| area_data3 = 18,290 km<sup>2</sup><ref name="bdarea"/>		\| area_data3 = 18,290 km<sup>2</sup><ref name="bdarea"/>
	\| percent_water = 6.4		\| percent_water = 6.4
	\| population_estimate =		\| population_estimate = 173,562,364
	\| population_census = 169,828,911<ref name="populationcensus2022">{{cite web \|title=Population and Housing Census 2022: Post Enumeration Check (PEC) Adjusted Population \|url=http://bbs.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/bbs.portal.gov.bd/page/b343a8b4_956b_45ca_872f_4cf9b2f1a6e0/2023-04-18-08-42-4f13d316f798b9e5fd3a4c61eae4bfef.pdf \|date=18 April 2023 \|website=[[Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics]] \|access-date=30 May 2023 \|archive-date=30 May 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530205648/http://bbs.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/bbs.portal.gov.bd/page/b343a8b4_956b_45ca_872f_4cf9b2f1a6e0/2023-04-18-08-42-4f13d316f798b9e5fd3a4c61eae4bfef.pdf \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|title=Report: 68% Bangladeshis live in villages \|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/332419/report-68%25-bangladeshis-live-in-villages \|work=[[Dhaka Tribune]] \|date=28 November 2023 \|access-date=6 February 2024 \|archive-date=6 February 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206021005/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/332419/report-68%25-bangladeshis-live-in-villages \|url-status=live }}</ref>		\| population_census = 169,828,911<ref name="populationcensus2022">{{cite web \|title=Population and Housing Census 2022: Post Enumeration Check (PEC) Adjusted Population \|url=http://bbs.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/bbs.portal.gov.bd/page/b343a8b4_956b_45ca_872f_4cf9b2f1a6e0/2023-04-18-08-42-4f13d316f798b9e5fd3a4c61eae4bfef.pdf \|date=18 April 2023 \|website=[[Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics]] \|access-date=30 May 2023 \|archive-date=30 May 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530205648/http://bbs.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/bbs.portal.gov.bd/page/b343a8b4_956b_45ca_872f_4cf9b2f1a6e0/2023-04-18-08-42-4f13d316f798b9e5fd3a4c61eae4bfef.pdf \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|title=Report: 68% Bangladeshis live in villages \|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/332419/report-68%25-bangladeshis-live-in-villages \|work=[[Dhaka Tribune]] \|date=28 November 2023 \|access-date=6 February 2024 \|archive-date=6 February 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206021005/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/332419/report-68%25-bangladeshis-live-in-villages \|url-status=live }}</ref>
	\| population_estimate_year =		\| population_estimate_year = 2024
	\| population_estimate_rank =		\| population_estimate_rank = 8th
	\| population_census_year = 2022		\| population_census_year = 2022
	\| population_census_rank = 8th		\| population_census_rank = 8th
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	===Language===		===Language===
	{{Main\|Languages of Bangladesh}}		{{Main\|Languages of Bangladesh}}
	The official and predominant language of Bangladesh is [[Bengali language\|Bengali]], which is spoken by more than 99% of the population as their [[first language\|native language]].<ref>{{Cite book \|title=Population and Housing Census 2022: Report on Socio-Economic and Demographic Survey 2023 \|url=http://nsds.bbs.gov.bd/storage/files/1/SEDS_2023_Report.pdf \|date=June 2024 \|publisher=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics \|page=xx \|isbn=978-984-35-2977-0 \|access-date=9 June 2024 \|archive-date=9 June 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609194053/http://nsds.bbs.gov.bd/storage/files/1/SEDS_2023_Report.pdf \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="LOG">{{cite encyclopedia \|last1=Rahim \|first1=Enayetur \|editor1-last=Heitzman \|editor1-first=James \|editor2-last=Worden \|editor2-first=Robert L. \|title=Ethnicity and Linguistic Diversity \|encyclopedia=Bangladesh: a country study \|year=1989 \|access-date=24 September 2022 \|url=http://countrystudies.us/bangladesh/29.htm \|publisher=[[Federal Research Division]], [[Library of Congress]] \|page=59 \|oclc=49223313 \|archive-date=28 March 2014 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328224733/http://countrystudies.us/bangladesh/29.htm \|url-status=live }}</ref> Bengali is described as a [[dialect continuum]] where there are various [[Bengali dialects\|dialects]] spoken throughout the country. There is a [[diglossia]] in which much of the population can understand or speak in Standard Colloquial Bengali, and in their regional dialect or language.<ref>{{cite news \|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/supplements/amar-ekushey-2018/amago-bhasha-1537534 \|title=Amago Basha \|last=Khan \|first=Sameer Ud Dowla \|date=21 February 2018 \|access-date=24 September 2022 \|work=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)\|The Daily Star]] \|archive-date=23 September 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220923182026/https://www.thedailystar.net/supplements/amar-ekushey-2018/amago-bhasha-1537534 \|url-status=live }}</ref> These include [[Chittagonian language\|Chittagonian]] which is spoken in the south-eastern Chittagong region, and [[Sylheti language\|Sylheti]] spoken in the north-eastern region of Sylhet.<ref name="LOG"/>		The official and predominant language of Bangladesh is [[Bengali language\|Bengali]], which is spoken by more than 99% of the population as their [[first language\|native language]].<ref>{{Cite book \|title=Population and Housing Census 2022: Report on Socio-Economic and Demographic Survey 2023 \|url=http://nsds.bbs.gov.bd/storage/files/1/SEDS_2023_Report.pdf \|date=June 2024 \|publisher=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics \|page=xx \|isbn=978-984-35-2977-0 \|access-date=9 June 2024 \|archive-date=9 June 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609194053/http://nsds.bbs.gov.bd/storage/files/1/SEDS_2023_Report.pdf \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="LOG">{{cite encyclopedia \|last1=Rahim \|first1=Enayetur \|editor1-last=Heitzman \|editor1-first=James \|editor2-last=Worden \|editor2-first=Robert L. \|title=Ethnicity and Linguistic Diversity \|encyclopedia=Bangladesh: a country study \|year=1989 \|access-date=24 September 2022 \|url=http://countrystudies.us/bangladesh/29.htm \|publisher=[[Federal Research Division]], [[Library of Congress]] \|page=59 \|oclc=49223313 \|archive-date=28 March 2014 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328224733/http://countrystudies.us/bangladesh/29.htm \|url-status=live }}</ref> Bengali is described as a [[dialect continuum]] where there are various [[Bengali dialects\|dialects]] spoken throughout the country. There is a [[diglossia]] in which much of the population can understand or speak in Standard Colloquial Bengali, and in their regional dialect or language.<ref>{{cite news \|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/supplements/amar-ekushey-2018/amago-bhasha-1537534 \|title=Amago Basha \|last=Khan \|first=Sameer Ud Dowla \|date=21 February 2018 \|access-date=24 September 2022 \|work=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)\|The Daily Star]] \|archive-date=23 September 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220923182026/https://www.thedailystar.net/supplements/amar-ekushey-2018/amago-bhasha-1537534 \|url-status=live }}</ref> These include [[Chittagonian language\|Chittagonian]] which is spoken in the south-eastern Chittagong region, and [[Sylheti language\|Sylheti]] spoken in the north-eastern region of [[Sylhet Division\|Sylhet]].<ref name="LOG"/>

	English plays an important role in Bangladesh's judicial and educational affairs, due to the country's history as part of the British Empire. It is widely spoken and commonly understood, and is taught as a compulsory subject in all [[List of schools in Bangladesh\|schools]], [[List of colleges in Bangladesh\|colleges]] and [[List of universities in Bangladesh\|universities]], while the English-medium educational system is widely attended.<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Rahman \|first1=Mohammad Mosiur \|last2=Islam \|first2=Mohammad Shaiful \|last3=Karim \|first3=Abdul \|last4=Chowdhury \|first4=Takad Ahmed \|last5=Rahman \|first5=Muhammad Mushfiqur \|last6=Ibna Seraj \|first6=Prodhan Mahbub \|last7=Mehar Singh \|first7=Manjet Kaur \|title=English language teaching in Bangladesh today: Issues, outcomes, and implications \|date=5 June 2019 \|journal=Language Testing in Asia \|volume=9 \|number=9 \|doi=10.1186/s40468-019-0085-8 \|s2cid=189801612 \|doi-access=free}}</ref>		English plays an important role in Bangladesh's judicial and educational affairs, due to the country's history as part of the British Empire. It is widely spoken and commonly understood, and is taught as a compulsory subject in all [[List of schools in Bangladesh\|schools]], [[List of colleges in Bangladesh\|colleges]] and [[List of universities in Bangladesh\|universities]], while the English-medium educational system is widely attended.<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Rahman \|first1=Mohammad Mosiur \|last2=Islam \|first2=Mohammad Shaiful \|last3=Karim \|first3=Abdul \|last4=Chowdhury \|first4=Takad Ahmed \|last5=Rahman \|first5=Muhammad Mushfiqur \|last6=Ibna Seraj \|first6=Prodhan Mahbub \|last7=Mehar Singh \|first7=Manjet Kaur \|title=English language teaching in Bangladesh today: Issues, outcomes, and implications \|date=5 June 2019 \|journal=Language Testing in Asia \|volume=9 \|number=9 \|doi=10.1186/s40468-019-0085-8 \|s2cid=189801612 \|doi-access=free}}</ref>

SheriffIsInTown: Restored revision 1248391876 by Cerium4B (talk)

2024-09-29T14:14:04Z

Restored revision 1248391876 by Cerium4B (talk)

← Previous revision		Revision as of 14:14, 29 September 2024
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	The history of Bangladesh dates back over four millennia to the [[Chalcolithic]] period. The region's early history was characterized by a succession of [[Hindus\|Hindu]] and [[Buddhism\|Buddhist]] kingdoms and empires that fought for control over the [[Bengal region]]. [[Islam in Bangladesh\|Islam]] arrived in the 8th century and gradually became dominant from the early 13th century with the conquests led by [[Bakhtiyar Khalji]] and the activities of [[Sunni Islam\|Sunni]] missionaries like [[Shah Jalal]]. Muslim rulers promoted the spread of Islam by building mosques across the region. From the 14th century onward, Bengal was ruled by the [[Bengal Sultanate]], founded by [[Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah]], who established an individual currency. The Bengal Sultanate expanded under rulers like [[Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah]], leading to economic prosperity and military dominance, with Bengal being referred to by Europeans as the richest country to trade with. The region later became a part of the [[Mughal Empire]], and according to historian [[C. A. Bayly]], it was probably the empire's wealthiest province.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		The history of Bangladesh dates back over four millennia to the [[Chalcolithic]] period. The region's early history was characterized by a succession of [[Hindus\|Hindu]] and [[Buddhism\|Buddhist]] kingdoms and empires that fought for control over the [[Bengal region]]. [[Islam in Bangladesh\|Islam]] arrived in the 8th century and gradually became dominant from the early 13th century with the conquests led by [[Bakhtiyar Khalji]] and the activities of [[Sunni Islam\|Sunni]] missionaries like [[Shah Jalal]]. Muslim rulers promoted the spread of Islam by building mosques across the region. From the 14th century onward, Bengal was ruled by the [[Bengal Sultanate]], founded by [[Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah]], who established an individual currency. The Bengal Sultanate expanded under rulers like [[Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah]], leading to economic prosperity and military dominance, with Bengal being referred to by Europeans as the richest country to trade with. The region later became a part of the [[Mughal Empire]], and according to historian [[C. A. Bayly]], it was probably the empire's wealthiest province.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

	Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, [[Bengal]] became a semi-independent state under the [[Nawabs of Bengal]], ultimately led by [[Siraj-ud-Daulah]]. It was later conquered by the British [[East India Company]] after the [[Battle of Plassey~~\|Battle of Palashi~~]] in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the [[Industrial Revolution]] in Britain, but also faced significant [[deindustrialization]]. The [[Bengal Presidency]] was established during British rule.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, [[Bengal]] became a semi-independent state under the [[Nawabs of Bengal]], ultimately led by [[Siraj-ud-Daulah]]. It was later conquered by the British [[East India Company]] after the [[Battle of Plassey]] in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the [[Industrial Revolution]] in Britain, but also faced significant [[deindustrialization]]. The [[Bengal Presidency]] was established during British rule.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

	The borders of modern Bangladesh were established with the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)\|partition of Bengal]] between India and Pakistan during the [[Partition of India]] in August 1947, when the region became [[East Pakistan]] as part of the newly formed [[Dominion of Pakistan\|State of Pakistan]] following the end of the [[British Raj\|British rule in the region]]. The [[Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence]] in March 1971 led to the nine-month-long [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], which culminated in the emergence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Independence was declared by [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] in 1971.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		The borders of modern Bangladesh were established with the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)\|partition of Bengal]] between India and Pakistan during the [[Partition of India]] in August 1947, when the region became [[East Pakistan]] as part of the newly formed [[Dominion of Pakistan\|State of Pakistan]] following the end of the [[British Raj\|British rule in the region]]. The [[Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence]] in March 1971 led to the nine-month-long [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], which culminated in the emergence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Independence was declared by [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] in 1971.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

SheriffIsInTown: Restored revision 1248403746 by Cerium4B (talk): Article title

2024-09-29T14:13:07Z

Restored revision 1248403746 by Cerium4B (talk): Article title

← Previous revision		Revision as of 14:13, 29 September 2024
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	Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, [[Bengal]] became a semi-independent state under the [[Nawabs of Bengal]], ultimately led by [[Siraj-ud-Daulah]]. It was later conquered by the British [[East India Company]] after the [[Battle of Plassey\|Battle of Palashi]] in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the [[Industrial Revolution]] in Britain, but also faced significant [[deindustrialization]]. The [[Bengal Presidency]] was established during British rule.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, [[Bengal]] became a semi-independent state under the [[Nawabs of Bengal]], ultimately led by [[Siraj-ud-Daulah]]. It was later conquered by the British [[East India Company]] after the [[Battle of Plassey\|Battle of Palashi]] in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the [[Industrial Revolution]] in Britain, but also faced significant [[deindustrialization]]. The [[Bengal Presidency]] was established during British rule.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

⚫	[[File:Siraj ud-Daula.jpg\|thumb\|upright=.6\|left\|[[Siraj-ud-Daulah]], the last independent [[Nawabs of Bengal\|Nawab of Bengal]]]]

	The borders of modern Bangladesh were established with the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)\|partition of Bengal]] between India and Pakistan during the [[Partition of India]] in August 1947, when the region became [[East Pakistan]] as part of the newly formed [[Dominion of Pakistan\|State of Pakistan]] following the end of the [[British Raj\|British rule in the region]]. The [[Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence]] in March 1971 led to the nine-month-long [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], which culminated in the emergence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Independence was declared by [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] in 1971.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		The borders of modern Bangladesh were established with the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)\|partition of Bengal]] between India and Pakistan during the [[Partition of India]] in August 1947, when the region became [[East Pakistan]] as part of the newly formed [[Dominion of Pakistan\|State of Pakistan]] following the end of the [[British Raj\|British rule in the region]]. The [[Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence]] in March 1971 led to the nine-month-long [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], which culminated in the emergence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Independence was declared by [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] in 1971.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

		⚫	[[File:Siraj ud-Daula.jpg\|thumb\|upright=.6\|left\|[[Siraj-ud-Daulah]], the last independent [[Nawabs of Bengal\|Nawab of Bengal]]]]
	Since gaining independence, Bangladesh has faced political instability, economic reconstruction, and social transformation. The country experienced military coups and authoritarian rule, notably under [[Ziaur Rahman\|General Ziaur Rahman]] and [[Hussain Muhammad Ershad\|General Hussain Muhammad Ershad]]. The restoration of parliamentary democracy in the 1990s saw power alternate between the [[Awami League]], and the [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party]]. In recent decades, Bangladesh has achieved significant economic growth, emerging as one of the world's fastest-growing economies, driven by its [[Textile industry in Bangladesh\|garment industry]], remittances, and infrastructure development. However, it continues to grapple with political instability, human rights issues, and the impact of climate change. The return of the Awami League to power in 2009 under Sheikh Hasina's leadership saw economic progress but criticisms of [[authoritarianism]]. Bangladesh has played a critical role in addressing regional issues, including the [[Rohingya refugee crisis]], which has strained its resources and highlighted its humanitarian commitments.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		Since gaining independence, Bangladesh has faced political instability, economic reconstruction, and social transformation. The country experienced military coups and authoritarian rule, notably under [[Ziaur Rahman\|General Ziaur Rahman]] and [[Hussain Muhammad Ershad\|General Hussain Muhammad Ershad]]. The restoration of parliamentary democracy in the 1990s saw power alternate between the [[Awami League]], and the [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party]]. In recent decades, Bangladesh has achieved significant economic growth, emerging as one of the world's fastest-growing economies, driven by its [[Textile industry in Bangladesh\|garment industry]], remittances, and infrastructure development. However, it continues to grapple with political instability, human rights issues, and the impact of climate change. The return of the Awami League to power in 2009 under Sheikh Hasina's leadership saw economic progress but criticisms of [[authoritarianism]]. Bangladesh has played a critical role in addressing regional issues, including the [[Rohingya refugee crisis]], which has strained its resources and highlighted its humanitarian commitments.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

Cerium4B: /* History */

2024-09-29T09:29:26Z

History

← Previous revision		Revision as of 09:29, 29 September 2024
Line 133:		Line 133:

	Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, [[Bengal]] became a semi-independent state under the [[Nawabs of Bengal]], ultimately led by [[Siraj-ud-Daulah]]. It was later conquered by the British [[East India Company]] after the [[Battle of Plassey\|Battle of Palashi]] in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the [[Industrial Revolution]] in Britain, but also faced significant [[deindustrialization]]. The [[Bengal Presidency]] was established during British rule.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, [[Bengal]] became a semi-independent state under the [[Nawabs of Bengal]], ultimately led by [[Siraj-ud-Daulah]]. It was later conquered by the British [[East India Company]] after the [[Battle of Plassey\|Battle of Palashi]] in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the [[Industrial Revolution]] in Britain, but also faced significant [[deindustrialization]]. The [[Bengal Presidency]] was established during British rule.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

		⚫	[[File:Siraj ud-Daula.jpg\|thumb\|upright=.6\|left\|[[Siraj-ud-Daulah]], the last independent [[Nawabs of Bengal\|Nawab of Bengal]]]]

	The borders of modern Bangladesh were established with the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)\|partition of Bengal]] between India and Pakistan during the [[Partition of India]] in August 1947, when the region became [[East Pakistan]] as part of the newly formed [[Dominion of Pakistan\|State of Pakistan]] following the end of the [[British Raj\|British rule in the region]]. The [[Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence]] in March 1971 led to the nine-month-long [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], which culminated in the emergence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Independence was declared by [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] in 1971.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		The borders of modern Bangladesh were established with the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)\|partition of Bengal]] between India and Pakistan during the [[Partition of India]] in August 1947, when the region became [[East Pakistan]] as part of the newly formed [[Dominion of Pakistan\|State of Pakistan]] following the end of the [[British Raj\|British rule in the region]]. The [[Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence]] in March 1971 led to the nine-month-long [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], which culminated in the emergence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Independence was declared by [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] in 1971.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

⚫	[[File:Siraj ud-Daula.jpg\|thumb\|upright=.6\|left\|[[Siraj-ud-Daulah]], the last independent [[Nawabs of Bengal\|Nawab of Bengal]]]]
	Since gaining independence, Bangladesh has faced political instability, economic reconstruction, and social transformation. The country experienced military coups and authoritarian rule, notably under [[Ziaur Rahman\|General Ziaur Rahman]] and [[Hussain Muhammad Ershad\|General Hussain Muhammad Ershad]]. The restoration of parliamentary democracy in the 1990s saw power alternate between the [[Awami League]], and the [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party]]. In recent decades, Bangladesh has achieved significant economic growth, emerging as one of the world's fastest-growing economies, driven by its [[Textile industry in Bangladesh\|garment industry]], remittances, and infrastructure development. However, it continues to grapple with political instability, human rights issues, and the impact of climate change. The return of the Awami League to power in 2009 under Sheikh Hasina's leadership saw economic progress but criticisms of [[authoritarianism]]. Bangladesh has played a critical role in addressing regional issues, including the [[Rohingya refugee crisis]], which has strained its resources and highlighted its humanitarian commitments.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		Since gaining independence, Bangladesh has faced political instability, economic reconstruction, and social transformation. The country experienced military coups and authoritarian rule, notably under [[Ziaur Rahman\|General Ziaur Rahman]] and [[Hussain Muhammad Ershad\|General Hussain Muhammad Ershad]]. The restoration of parliamentary democracy in the 1990s saw power alternate between the [[Awami League]], and the [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party]]. In recent decades, Bangladesh has achieved significant economic growth, emerging as one of the world's fastest-growing economies, driven by its [[Textile industry in Bangladesh\|garment industry]], remittances, and infrastructure development. However, it continues to grapple with political instability, human rights issues, and the impact of climate change. The return of the Awami League to power in 2009 under Sheikh Hasina's leadership saw economic progress but criticisms of [[authoritarianism]]. Bangladesh has played a critical role in addressing regional issues, including the [[Rohingya refugee crisis]], which has strained its resources and highlighted its humanitarian commitments.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

Cerium4B: /* History */

2024-09-29T09:26:50Z

History

← Previous revision		Revision as of 09:26, 29 September 2024
Line 132:		Line 132:
	The history of Bangladesh dates back over four millennia to the [[Chalcolithic]] period. The region's early history was characterized by a succession of [[Hindus\|Hindu]] and [[Buddhism\|Buddhist]] kingdoms and empires that fought for control over the [[Bengal region]]. [[Islam in Bangladesh\|Islam]] arrived in the 8th century and gradually became dominant from the early 13th century with the conquests led by [[Bakhtiyar Khalji]] and the activities of [[Sunni Islam\|Sunni]] missionaries like [[Shah Jalal]]. Muslim rulers promoted the spread of Islam by building mosques across the region. From the 14th century onward, Bengal was ruled by the [[Bengal Sultanate]], founded by [[Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah]], who established an individual currency. The Bengal Sultanate expanded under rulers like [[Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah]], leading to economic prosperity and military dominance, with Bengal being referred to by Europeans as the richest country to trade with. The region later became a part of the [[Mughal Empire]], and according to historian [[C. A. Bayly]], it was probably the empire's wealthiest province.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		The history of Bangladesh dates back over four millennia to the [[Chalcolithic]] period. The region's early history was characterized by a succession of [[Hindus\|Hindu]] and [[Buddhism\|Buddhist]] kingdoms and empires that fought for control over the [[Bengal region]]. [[Islam in Bangladesh\|Islam]] arrived in the 8th century and gradually became dominant from the early 13th century with the conquests led by [[Bakhtiyar Khalji]] and the activities of [[Sunni Islam\|Sunni]] missionaries like [[Shah Jalal]]. Muslim rulers promoted the spread of Islam by building mosques across the region. From the 14th century onward, Bengal was ruled by the [[Bengal Sultanate]], founded by [[Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah]], who established an individual currency. The Bengal Sultanate expanded under rulers like [[Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah]], leading to economic prosperity and military dominance, with Bengal being referred to by Europeans as the richest country to trade with. The region later became a part of the [[Mughal Empire]], and according to historian [[C. A. Bayly]], it was probably the empire's wealthiest province.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

	Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, [[Bengal]] became a semi-independent state under the [[Nawabs of Bengal]], ultimately led by [[Siraj-ud-Daulah]]. It was later conquered by the British [[East India Company]] after the [[Battle of Plassey]] in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the [[Industrial Revolution]] in Britain, but also faced significant [[deindustrialization]]. The [[Bengal Presidency]] was established during British rule.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, [[Bengal]] became a semi-independent state under the [[Nawabs of Bengal]], ultimately led by [[Siraj-ud-Daulah]]. It was later conquered by the British [[East India Company]] after the [[Battle of Plassey\|Battle of Palashi]] in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the [[Industrial Revolution]] in Britain, but also faced significant [[deindustrialization]]. The [[Bengal Presidency]] was established during British rule.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

	The borders of modern Bangladesh were established with the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)\|partition of Bengal]] between India and Pakistan during the [[Partition of India]] in August 1947, when the region became [[East Pakistan]] as part of the newly formed [[Dominion of Pakistan\|State of Pakistan]] following the end of the [[British Raj\|British rule in the region]]. The [[Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence]] in March 1971 led to the nine-month-long [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], which culminated in the emergence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Independence was declared by [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] in 1971.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		The borders of modern Bangladesh were established with the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)\|partition of Bengal]] between India and Pakistan during the [[Partition of India]] in August 1947, when the region became [[East Pakistan]] as part of the newly formed [[Dominion of Pakistan\|State of Pakistan]] following the end of the [[British Raj\|British rule in the region]]. The [[Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence]] in March 1971 led to the nine-month-long [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], which culminated in the emergence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Independence was declared by [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] in 1971.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

Cerium4B: /* Education */2022 data

2024-09-29T07:37:11Z

Education: 2022 data

← Previous revision		Revision as of 07:37, 29 September 2024
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	=== Education ===		=== Education ===
	{{Main\|Education in Bangladesh}}		{{Main\|Education in Bangladesh}}

	[[File:Literacy rate Bangladesh.png\|thumb\|right\|Literacy rates in Bangladesh districts (2018)]]


			[[File:Bangladesh Literacy Rate (2022, Total).svg\|250px]]


	The constitution states that all children shall receive free and compulsory education.<ref>{{cite web \|title=The Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh: Article 17 (Free and compulsory education) \|url=http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/sections_detail.php?id=367&sections_id=24565 \|website=Legislative and Parliamentary Affairs Division, Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs \|access-date=2 May 2017 \|archive-date=8 August 2017 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808153353/http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/sections_detail.php?id=367&sections_id=24565 \|url-status=live }}</ref> Education in Bangladesh is overseen by the [[Ministry of Education (Bangladesh)\|Ministry of Education]]. The [[Ministry of Primary and Mass Education]] is responsible for implementing policy for primary education and state-funded schools at a local level. Primary and secondary education is [[compulsory education\|compulsory]], and is financed by the state and free of charge in public schools. Bangladesh has a [[literacy rate]] of 74.7% per cent as of 2019: 77.4% for males and 71.9% for females.<ref>{{cite news\|date=8 September 2020\|title=State minister: Literacy rate now 74.7%\|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/education/2020/09/08/state-minister-literacy-rate-now-74-7\|newspaper=Dhaka Tribune\|agency=BSS\|access-date=29 March 2021\|archive-date=14 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414231731/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/education/2020/09/08/state-minister-literacy-rate-now-74-7\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|title=Bangladesh\|date=27 November 2016\|url=http://uis.unesco.org/en/country/bd\|publisher=UNESCO Institute for Statistics\|access-date=30 March 2021\|archive-date=28 March 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210328110750/http://uis.unesco.org/en/country/bd\|url-status=live}}</ref> The country's educational system is three-tiered and heavily subsidised, with the government operating many schools at the primary, secondary and higher secondary levels and subsidising many private schools. In the tertiary education sector, the Bangladeshi government funds over 45 state universities<ref name="ugc-universities.gov.bd">{{cite web\|url=http://www.ugc-universities.gov.bd/public-universities\|title=List of Public Universities \| University Grants Commission of Bangladesh\|first=University Grants Commission of Bangladesh\|last=info@ugc.gov.bd\|website=List of Public Universities \| University Grants Commission of Bangladesh\|access-date=24 June 2020\|archive-date=17 July 2023\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230717195711/http://www.ugc-universities.gov.bd/public-universities\|url-status=live}}</ref> through the [[University Grants Commission (Bangladesh)\|University Grants Commission]] (UGC), created by Presidential Order 10 in 1973.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.moedu.gov.bd/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=318&Itemid=229 \|title=University Grant Commission (UGC) \|access-date=29 March 2008 \|website=Ministry of Education, Government of Bangladesh \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121201205902/http://www.moedu.gov.bd/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=318&Itemid=229 \|archive-date=1 December 2012 \|url-status=live}}</ref>		The constitution states that all children shall receive free and compulsory education.<ref>{{cite web \|title=The Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh: Article 17 (Free and compulsory education) \|url=http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/sections_detail.php?id=367&sections_id=24565 \|website=Legislative and Parliamentary Affairs Division, Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs \|access-date=2 May 2017 \|archive-date=8 August 2017 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808153353/http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/sections_detail.php?id=367&sections_id=24565 \|url-status=live }}</ref> Education in Bangladesh is overseen by the [[Ministry of Education (Bangladesh)\|Ministry of Education]]. The [[Ministry of Primary and Mass Education]] is responsible for implementing policy for primary education and state-funded schools at a local level. Primary and secondary education is [[compulsory education\|compulsory]], and is financed by the state and free of charge in public schools. Bangladesh has a [[literacy rate]] of 74.7% per cent as of 2019: 77.4% for males and 71.9% for females.<ref>{{cite news\|date=8 September 2020\|title=State minister: Literacy rate now 74.7%\|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/education/2020/09/08/state-minister-literacy-rate-now-74-7\|newspaper=Dhaka Tribune\|agency=BSS\|access-date=29 March 2021\|archive-date=14 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414231731/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/education/2020/09/08/state-minister-literacy-rate-now-74-7\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|title=Bangladesh\|date=27 November 2016\|url=http://uis.unesco.org/en/country/bd\|publisher=UNESCO Institute for Statistics\|access-date=30 March 2021\|archive-date=28 March 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210328110750/http://uis.unesco.org/en/country/bd\|url-status=live}}</ref> The country's educational system is three-tiered and heavily subsidised, with the government operating many schools at the primary, secondary and higher secondary levels and subsidising many private schools. In the tertiary education sector, the Bangladeshi government funds over 45 state universities<ref name="ugc-universities.gov.bd">{{cite web\|url=http://www.ugc-universities.gov.bd/public-universities\|title=List of Public Universities \| University Grants Commission of Bangladesh\|first=University Grants Commission of Bangladesh\|last=info@ugc.gov.bd\|website=List of Public Universities \| University Grants Commission of Bangladesh\|access-date=24 June 2020\|archive-date=17 July 2023\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230717195711/http://www.ugc-universities.gov.bd/public-universities\|url-status=live}}</ref> through the [[University Grants Commission (Bangladesh)\|University Grants Commission]] (UGC), created by Presidential Order 10 in 1973.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.moedu.gov.bd/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=318&Itemid=229 \|title=University Grant Commission (UGC) \|access-date=29 March 2008 \|website=Ministry of Education, Government of Bangladesh \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121201205902/http://www.moedu.gov.bd/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=318&Itemid=229 \|archive-date=1 December 2012 \|url-status=live}}</ref>

Cerium4B: /* Education */

2024-09-29T06:36:09Z

Education

← Previous revision		Revision as of 06:36, 29 September 2024
Line 424:		Line 424:
	=== Education ===		=== Education ===
	{{Main\|Education in Bangladesh}}		{{Main\|Education in Bangladesh}}
	[[File:Literacy rate Bangladesh.png\|thumb\|right\|Literacy rates in Bangladesh districts]]		[[File:Literacy rate Bangladesh.png\|thumb\|right\|Literacy rates in Bangladesh districts (2018)]]
	The constitution states that all children shall receive free and compulsory education.<ref>{{cite web \|title=The Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh: Article 17 (Free and compulsory education) \|url=http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/sections_detail.php?id=367&sections_id=24565 \|website=Legislative and Parliamentary Affairs Division, Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs \|access-date=2 May 2017 \|archive-date=8 August 2017 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808153353/http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/sections_detail.php?id=367&sections_id=24565 \|url-status=live }}</ref> Education in Bangladesh is overseen by the [[Ministry of Education (Bangladesh)\|Ministry of Education]]. The [[Ministry of Primary and Mass Education]] is responsible for implementing policy for primary education and state-funded schools at a local level. Primary and secondary education is [[compulsory education\|compulsory]], and is financed by the state and free of charge in public schools. Bangladesh has a [[literacy rate]] of 74.7% per cent as of 2019: 77.4% for males and 71.9% for females.<ref>{{cite news\|date=8 September 2020\|title=State minister: Literacy rate now 74.7%\|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/education/2020/09/08/state-minister-literacy-rate-now-74-7\|newspaper=Dhaka Tribune\|agency=BSS\|access-date=29 March 2021\|archive-date=14 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414231731/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/education/2020/09/08/state-minister-literacy-rate-now-74-7\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|title=Bangladesh\|date=27 November 2016\|url=http://uis.unesco.org/en/country/bd\|publisher=UNESCO Institute for Statistics\|access-date=30 March 2021\|archive-date=28 March 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210328110750/http://uis.unesco.org/en/country/bd\|url-status=live}}</ref> The country's educational system is three-tiered and heavily subsidised, with the government operating many schools at the primary, secondary and higher secondary levels and subsidising many private schools. In the tertiary education sector, the Bangladeshi government funds over 45 state universities<ref name="ugc-universities.gov.bd">{{cite web\|url=http://www.ugc-universities.gov.bd/public-universities\|title=List of Public Universities \| University Grants Commission of Bangladesh\|first=University Grants Commission of Bangladesh\|last=info@ugc.gov.bd\|website=List of Public Universities \| University Grants Commission of Bangladesh\|access-date=24 June 2020\|archive-date=17 July 2023\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230717195711/http://www.ugc-universities.gov.bd/public-universities\|url-status=live}}</ref> through the [[University Grants Commission (Bangladesh)\|University Grants Commission]] (UGC), created by Presidential Order 10 in 1973.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.moedu.gov.bd/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=318&Itemid=229 \|title=University Grant Commission (UGC) \|access-date=29 March 2008 \|website=Ministry of Education, Government of Bangladesh \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121201205902/http://www.moedu.gov.bd/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=318&Itemid=229 \|archive-date=1 December 2012 \|url-status=live}}</ref>		The constitution states that all children shall receive free and compulsory education.<ref>{{cite web \|title=The Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh: Article 17 (Free and compulsory education) \|url=http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/sections_detail.php?id=367&sections_id=24565 \|website=Legislative and Parliamentary Affairs Division, Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs \|access-date=2 May 2017 \|archive-date=8 August 2017 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808153353/http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/sections_detail.php?id=367&sections_id=24565 \|url-status=live }}</ref> Education in Bangladesh is overseen by the [[Ministry of Education (Bangladesh)\|Ministry of Education]]. The [[Ministry of Primary and Mass Education]] is responsible for implementing policy for primary education and state-funded schools at a local level. Primary and secondary education is [[compulsory education\|compulsory]], and is financed by the state and free of charge in public schools. Bangladesh has a [[literacy rate]] of 74.7% per cent as of 2019: 77.4% for males and 71.9% for females.<ref>{{cite news\|date=8 September 2020\|title=State minister: Literacy rate now 74.7%\|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/education/2020/09/08/state-minister-literacy-rate-now-74-7\|newspaper=Dhaka Tribune\|agency=BSS\|access-date=29 March 2021\|archive-date=14 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414231731/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/education/2020/09/08/state-minister-literacy-rate-now-74-7\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|title=Bangladesh\|date=27 November 2016\|url=http://uis.unesco.org/en/country/bd\|publisher=UNESCO Institute for Statistics\|access-date=30 March 2021\|archive-date=28 March 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210328110750/http://uis.unesco.org/en/country/bd\|url-status=live}}</ref> The country's educational system is three-tiered and heavily subsidised, with the government operating many schools at the primary, secondary and higher secondary levels and subsidising many private schools. In the tertiary education sector, the Bangladeshi government funds over 45 state universities<ref name="ugc-universities.gov.bd">{{cite web\|url=http://www.ugc-universities.gov.bd/public-universities\|title=List of Public Universities \| University Grants Commission of Bangladesh\|first=University Grants Commission of Bangladesh\|last=info@ugc.gov.bd\|website=List of Public Universities \| University Grants Commission of Bangladesh\|access-date=24 June 2020\|archive-date=17 July 2023\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230717195711/http://www.ugc-universities.gov.bd/public-universities\|url-status=live}}</ref> through the [[University Grants Commission (Bangladesh)\|University Grants Commission]] (UGC), created by Presidential Order 10 in 1973.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.moedu.gov.bd/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=318&Itemid=229 \|title=University Grant Commission (UGC) \|access-date=29 March 2008 \|website=Ministry of Education, Government of Bangladesh \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121201205902/http://www.moedu.gov.bd/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=318&Itemid=229 \|archive-date=1 December 2012 \|url-status=live}}</ref>

Dfsjlk1: /* History */ Adding/improving reference(s)

2024-09-29T03:25:08Z

History: Adding/improving reference(s)

← Previous revision		Revision as of 03:25, 29 September 2024
Line 130:		Line 130:
	{{Main\|History of Bangladesh}}		{{Main\|History of Bangladesh}}
	{{History of Bangladesh}}		{{History of Bangladesh}}
	The history of Bangladesh dates back over four millennia to the [[Chalcolithic]] period. The region's early history was characterized by a succession of [[Hindus\|Hindu]] and [[Buddhism\|Buddhist]] kingdoms and empires that fought for control over the [[Bengal region]]. [[Islam in Bangladesh\|Islam]] arrived in the 8th century and gradually became dominant from the early 13th century with the conquests led by [[Bakhtiyar Khalji]] and the activities of [[Sunni Islam\|Sunni]] missionaries like [[Shah Jalal]]. Muslim rulers promoted the spread of Islam by building mosques across the region. From the 14th century onward, Bengal was ruled by the [[Bengal Sultanate]], founded by [[Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah]], who established an individual currency. The Bengal Sultanate expanded under rulers like [[Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah]], leading to economic prosperity and military dominance, with Bengal being referred to by Europeans as the richest country to trade with. The region later became a part of the [[Mughal Empire]], and according to historian [[C. A. Bayly]], it was probably the empire's wealthiest province.		The history of Bangladesh dates back over four millennia to the [[Chalcolithic]] period. The region's early history was characterized by a succession of [[Hindus\|Hindu]] and [[Buddhism\|Buddhist]] kingdoms and empires that fought for control over the [[Bengal region]]. [[Islam in Bangladesh\|Islam]] arrived in the 8th century and gradually became dominant from the early 13th century with the conquests led by [[Bakhtiyar Khalji]] and the activities of [[Sunni Islam\|Sunni]] missionaries like [[Shah Jalal]]. Muslim rulers promoted the spread of Islam by building mosques across the region. From the 14th century onward, Bengal was ruled by the [[Bengal Sultanate]], founded by [[Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah]], who established an individual currency. The Bengal Sultanate expanded under rulers like [[Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah]], leading to economic prosperity and military dominance, with Bengal being referred to by Europeans as the richest country to trade with. The region later became a part of the [[Mughal Empire]], and according to historian [[C. A. Bayly]], it was probably the empire's wealthiest province.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

	Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, [[Bengal]] became a semi-independent state under the [[Nawabs of Bengal]], ultimately led by [[Siraj-ud-Daulah]]. It was later conquered by the British [[East India Company]] after the [[Battle of Plassey]] in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the [[Industrial Revolution]] in Britain, but also faced significant [[deindustrialization]]. The [[Bengal Presidency]] was established during British rule.		Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, [[Bengal]] became a semi-independent state under the [[Nawabs of Bengal]], ultimately led by [[Siraj-ud-Daulah]]. It was later conquered by the British [[East India Company]] after the [[Battle of Plassey]] in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the [[Industrial Revolution]] in Britain, but also faced significant [[deindustrialization]]. The [[Bengal Presidency]] was established during British rule.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

	The borders of modern Bangladesh were established with the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)\|partition of Bengal]] between India and Pakistan during the [[Partition of India]] in August 1947, when the region became [[East Pakistan]] as part of the newly formed [[Dominion of Pakistan\|State of Pakistan]] following the end of the [[British Raj\|British rule in the region]]. The [[Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence]] in March 1971 led to the nine-month-long [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], which culminated in the emergence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Independence was declared by [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] in 1971.		The borders of modern Bangladesh were established with the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)\|partition of Bengal]] between India and Pakistan during the [[Partition of India]] in August 1947, when the region became [[East Pakistan]] as part of the newly formed [[Dominion of Pakistan\|State of Pakistan]] following the end of the [[British Raj\|British rule in the region]]. The [[Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence]] in March 1971 led to the nine-month-long [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], which culminated in the emergence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Independence was declared by [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] in 1971.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

	[[File:Siraj ud-Daula.jpg\|thumb\|upright=.6\|left\|[[Siraj-ud-Daulah]], the last independent [[Nawabs of Bengal\|Nawab of Bengal]]]]		[[File:Siraj ud-Daula.jpg\|thumb\|upright=.6\|left\|[[Siraj-ud-Daulah]], the last independent [[Nawabs of Bengal\|Nawab of Bengal]]]]
	Since gaining independence, Bangladesh has faced political instability, economic reconstruction, and social transformation. The country experienced military coups and authoritarian rule, notably under [[Ziaur Rahman\|General Ziaur Rahman]] and [[Hussain Muhammad Ershad\|General Hussain Muhammad Ershad]]. The restoration of parliamentary democracy in the 1990s saw power alternate between the [[Awami League]], and the [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party]]. In recent decades, Bangladesh has achieved significant economic growth, emerging as one of the world's fastest-growing economies, driven by its [[Textile industry in Bangladesh\|garment industry]], remittances, and infrastructure development. However, it continues to grapple with political instability, human rights issues, and the impact of climate change. The return of the Awami League to power in 2009 under Sheikh Hasina's leadership saw economic progress but criticisms of [[authoritarianism]]. Bangladesh has played a critical role in addressing regional issues, including the [[Rohingya refugee crisis]], which has strained its resources and highlighted its humanitarian commitments.		Since gaining independence, Bangladesh has faced political instability, economic reconstruction, and social transformation. The country experienced military coups and authoritarian rule, notably under [[Ziaur Rahman\|General Ziaur Rahman]] and [[Hussain Muhammad Ershad\|General Hussain Muhammad Ershad]]. The restoration of parliamentary democracy in the 1990s saw power alternate between the [[Awami League]], and the [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party]]. In recent decades, Bangladesh has achieved significant economic growth, emerging as one of the world's fastest-growing economies, driven by its [[Textile industry in Bangladesh\|garment industry]], remittances, and infrastructure development. However, it continues to grapple with political instability, human rights issues, and the impact of climate change. The return of the Awami League to power in 2009 under Sheikh Hasina's leadership saw economic progress but criticisms of [[authoritarianism]]. Bangladesh has played a critical role in addressing regional issues, including the [[Rohingya refugee crisis]], which has strained its resources and highlighted its humanitarian commitments.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

	The [[poverty]] rate went down from 80% in 1971 to 44% in 1991 to 13% in 2021.<ref name="The Daily Star-2021">{{cite news \|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/pre-pandemic-level-poverty-set-drop-further-2193171 \|title=Pre-Pandemic Level: Poverty set to drop further \|work=The Daily Star \|date=8 October 2021 \|access-date=2 October 2022 \|archive-date=3 December 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221203050519/https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/pre-pandemic-level-poverty-set-drop-further-2193171 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://cri.org.bd/2021/03/26/what-milestones-have-bangladesh-crossed-in-50-years/\|title=What milestones have Bangladesh crossed in 50 years\|date=26 March 2021\|access-date=1 October 2022\|archive-date=6 October 2022\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006211719/https://cri.org.bd/2021/03/26/what-milestones-have-bangladesh-crossed-in-50-years/\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/results/2018/11/15/bangladesh-reducing-poverty-and-sharing-prosperity\|title=Bangladesh: Reducing Poverty and Sharing Prosperity\|website=World Bank \|access-date=1 October 2022\|archive-date=3 January 2023\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103122155/https://www.worldbank.org/en/results/2018/11/15/bangladesh-reducing-poverty-and-sharing-prosperity\|url-status=live}}</ref> Bangladesh emerged as the second-largest economy in South Asia,<ref name="The Daily Star-2019">{{cite news \|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/bangladesh/bangladesh-ranked-41st-largest-economy-in-2019-all-over-the-world-study-1684078 \|title=Bangladesh ranked 41st largest economy in 2019 all over the world \|work=The Daily Star \|date=8 January 2019 \|access-date=2 October 2022 \|archive-date=26 March 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326035229/https://www.thedailystar.net/bangladesh/bangladesh-ranked-41st-largest-economy-in-2019-all-over-the-world-study-1684078 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="scroll.in">{{cite news \|author=Sayeed Iftekhar Ahmed \|url=https://scroll.in/article/1019006/where-do-bangladesh-and-pakistan-stand-after-50-years-of-separation#:~:text=Bangladesh%20outpaces%20Pakistan%20across%20all,the%20world's%20fastest%2Dgrowing%20economies \|title=Where do Bangladesh and Pakistan stand after 50 years of separation? \|work=Scroll.in \|date=18 March 2022 \|access-date=2 October 2022 \|archive-date=4 April 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404150359/https://scroll.in/article/1019006/where-do-bangladesh-and-pakistan-stand-after-50-years-of-separation#:~:text=Bangladesh%20outpaces%20Pakistan%20across%20all,the%20world's%20fastest%2Dgrowing%20economies \|url-status=live }}</ref> surpassing the per capita income levels of both India and Pakistan.<ref name="Sharma-2021">{{cite news \|last=Sharma \|first=Mihir \|date=31 May 2021 \|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2021-05-31/india-and-pakistan-are-now-poorer-than-bangladesh \|title=South Asia Should Pay Attention to Its Standout Star \|publisher=Bloomberg News \|type=Opinion \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207162332/https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2021-05-31/india-and-pakistan-are-now-poorer-than-bangladesh \|archive-date=7 February 2022 \|access-date=2 October 2022}}</ref><ref name="scroll.in"/> As part of the [[green transition]], Bangladesh's industrial sector emerged as a leader in building green factories, with the country having the largest number of certified green factories in the world in 2023.<ref>[https://www.dhakatribune.com/opinion/op-ed/321769/spearheading-sustainable-industries". Spearheading sustainable industries"] {{Webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230818205402/https://www.dhakatribune.com/opinion/op-ed/321769/spearheading-sustainable-industries \|date=18 August 2023 }}. ''Dhaka Tribune''. 6 August 2023.</ref> In January 2024, Awami League led by Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina secured a fourth straight term in Bangladesh's [[2024 Bangladeshi general election\|general election]]. Following [[2024 Bangladesh quota reform movement\|nationwide protests]] against the Awami League government, on 5 August 2024, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina was [[Non-cooperation movement (2024)#Resignation of Sheikh Hasina\|forced to resign and flee]] to India.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Bangladesh's prime minister flees country and resigns after deadly protest \|url=https://news.sky.com/story/bangladesh-prime-minister-resigns-after-deadly-protests-reports-13191184 \|date=2024-08-05 \|access-date=2024-08-05 \|website=[[Sky News]]\|archive-date=5 August 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240805094428/https://news.sky.com/story/bangladesh-prime-minister-resigns-after-deadly-protests-reports-13191184 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/aug/05/bangladesh-pm-has-resigned-and-left-country-media-reports-say-sheikh-hasina\|title=Bangladesh PM has resigned and left country, reports say\|date=2024-08-05\|work=[[The Guardian]]\|access-date=5 August 2024\|archive-date=2 September 2024\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240902065034/https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/aug/05/bangladesh-pm-has-resigned-and-left-country-media-reports-say-sheikh-hasina\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|title=Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina has resigned and left the country, media reports say \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/bangladesh-protesters-call-march-dhaka-defiance-curfew-2024-08-05/ \|access-date=5 August 2024 \|work=[[Reuters]] \|date=5 August 2024\|archive-date=6 August 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240806033132/https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/bangladesh-protesters-call-march-dhaka-defiance-curfew-2024-08-05/ \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="resign TST">{{Cite news \|url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/asia/bangladesh-protest-pm-sheikh-hasina-resign-storm-palace-flee-safety-4527106 \|title=Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina resigns and flees as protesters storm palace \|date=5 August 2024 \|access-date=5 August 2024 \|website=[[The Straits Times]]\|location=Singapore \|archive-date=7 August 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240807095541/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/asia/bangladesh-protest-pm-sheikh-hasina-resign-storm-palace-flee-safety-4527106 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=resign>{{Cite news \|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/south-asia/article/3273265/bangladesh-pm-sheikh-hasina-has-resigned-and-left-country-media-reports-say \|title=Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina has resigned and left the country, media reports say \|date=5 August 2024 \|access-date=5 August 2024 \|website=[[South China Morning Post]]}}</ref> An [[2024 Bangladesh interim government\|interim government]] was formed on 8 August, with Nobel laureate [[Muhammad Yunus]] as the [[Chief Advisor of Bangladesh\|Chief Advisor]].<ref>{{cite web \|date=8 August 2024 \|title=Yunus-led interim govt sworn in \|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/yunus-led-interim-govt-sworn-3672581 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240808232802/https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/yunus-led-interim-govt-sworn-3672581 \|archive-date=8 August 2024 \|access-date=8 August 2024 \|website=The Daily Star}}</ref>		The [[poverty]] rate went down from 80% in 1971 to 44% in 1991 to 13% in 2021.<ref name="The Daily Star-2021">{{cite news \|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/pre-pandemic-level-poverty-set-drop-further-2193171 \|title=Pre-Pandemic Level: Poverty set to drop further \|work=The Daily Star \|date=8 October 2021 \|access-date=2 October 2022 \|archive-date=3 December 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221203050519/https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/pre-pandemic-level-poverty-set-drop-further-2193171 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://cri.org.bd/2021/03/26/what-milestones-have-bangladesh-crossed-in-50-years/\|title=What milestones have Bangladesh crossed in 50 years\|date=26 March 2021\|access-date=1 October 2022\|archive-date=6 October 2022\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006211719/https://cri.org.bd/2021/03/26/what-milestones-have-bangladesh-crossed-in-50-years/\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/results/2018/11/15/bangladesh-reducing-poverty-and-sharing-prosperity\|title=Bangladesh: Reducing Poverty and Sharing Prosperity\|website=World Bank \|access-date=1 October 2022\|archive-date=3 January 2023\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103122155/https://www.worldbank.org/en/results/2018/11/15/bangladesh-reducing-poverty-and-sharing-prosperity\|url-status=live}}</ref> Bangladesh emerged as the second-largest economy in South Asia,<ref name="The Daily Star-2019">{{cite news \|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/bangladesh/bangladesh-ranked-41st-largest-economy-in-2019-all-over-the-world-study-1684078 \|title=Bangladesh ranked 41st largest economy in 2019 all over the world \|work=The Daily Star \|date=8 January 2019 \|access-date=2 October 2022 \|archive-date=26 March 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326035229/https://www.thedailystar.net/bangladesh/bangladesh-ranked-41st-largest-economy-in-2019-all-over-the-world-study-1684078 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="scroll.in">{{cite news \|author=Sayeed Iftekhar Ahmed \|url=https://scroll.in/article/1019006/where-do-bangladesh-and-pakistan-stand-after-50-years-of-separation#:~:text=Bangladesh%20outpaces%20Pakistan%20across%20all,the%20world's%20fastest%2Dgrowing%20economies \|title=Where do Bangladesh and Pakistan stand after 50 years of separation? \|work=Scroll.in \|date=18 March 2022 \|access-date=2 October 2022 \|archive-date=4 April 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404150359/https://scroll.in/article/1019006/where-do-bangladesh-and-pakistan-stand-after-50-years-of-separation#:~:text=Bangladesh%20outpaces%20Pakistan%20across%20all,the%20world's%20fastest%2Dgrowing%20economies \|url-status=live }}</ref> surpassing the per capita income levels of both India and Pakistan.<ref name="Sharma-2021">{{cite news \|last=Sharma \|first=Mihir \|date=31 May 2021 \|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2021-05-31/india-and-pakistan-are-now-poorer-than-bangladesh \|title=South Asia Should Pay Attention to Its Standout Star \|publisher=Bloomberg News \|type=Opinion \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207162332/https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2021-05-31/india-and-pakistan-are-now-poorer-than-bangladesh \|archive-date=7 February 2022 \|access-date=2 October 2022}}</ref><ref name="scroll.in"/> As part of the [[green transition]], Bangladesh's industrial sector emerged as a leader in building green factories, with the country having the largest number of certified green factories in the world in 2023.<ref>[https://www.dhakatribune.com/opinion/op-ed/321769/spearheading-sustainable-industries". Spearheading sustainable industries"] {{Webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230818205402/https://www.dhakatribune.com/opinion/op-ed/321769/spearheading-sustainable-industries \|date=18 August 2023 }}. ''Dhaka Tribune''. 6 August 2023.</ref> In January 2024, Awami League led by Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina secured a fourth straight term in Bangladesh's [[2024 Bangladeshi general election\|general election]]. Following [[2024 Bangladesh quota reform movement\|nationwide protests]] against the Awami League government, on 5 August 2024, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina was [[Non-cooperation movement (2024)#Resignation of Sheikh Hasina\|forced to resign and flee]] to India.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Bangladesh's prime minister flees country and resigns after deadly protest \|url=https://news.sky.com/story/bangladesh-prime-minister-resigns-after-deadly-protests-reports-13191184 \|date=2024-08-05 \|access-date=2024-08-05 \|website=[[Sky News]]\|archive-date=5 August 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240805094428/https://news.sky.com/story/bangladesh-prime-minister-resigns-after-deadly-protests-reports-13191184 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/aug/05/bangladesh-pm-has-resigned-and-left-country-media-reports-say-sheikh-hasina\|title=Bangladesh PM has resigned and left country, reports say\|date=2024-08-05\|work=[[The Guardian]]\|access-date=5 August 2024\|archive-date=2 September 2024\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240902065034/https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/aug/05/bangladesh-pm-has-resigned-and-left-country-media-reports-say-sheikh-hasina\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|title=Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina has resigned and left the country, media reports say \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/bangladesh-protesters-call-march-dhaka-defiance-curfew-2024-08-05/ \|access-date=5 August 2024 \|work=[[Reuters]] \|date=5 August 2024\|archive-date=6 August 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240806033132/https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/bangladesh-protesters-call-march-dhaka-defiance-curfew-2024-08-05/ \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="resign TST">{{Cite news \|url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/asia/bangladesh-protest-pm-sheikh-hasina-resign-storm-palace-flee-safety-4527106 \|title=Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina resigns and flees as protesters storm palace \|date=5 August 2024 \|access-date=5 August 2024 \|website=[[The Straits Times]]\|location=Singapore \|archive-date=7 August 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240807095541/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/asia/bangladesh-protest-pm-sheikh-hasina-resign-storm-palace-flee-safety-4527106 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=resign>{{Cite news \|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/south-asia/article/3273265/bangladesh-pm-sheikh-hasina-has-resigned-and-left-country-media-reports-say \|title=Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina has resigned and left the country, media reports say \|date=5 August 2024 \|access-date=5 August 2024 \|website=[[South China Morning Post]]}}</ref> An [[2024 Bangladesh interim government\|interim government]] was formed on 8 August, with Nobel laureate [[Muhammad Yunus]] as the [[Chief Advisor of Bangladesh\|Chief Advisor]].<ref>{{cite web \|date=8 August 2024 \|title=Yunus-led interim govt sworn in \|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/yunus-led-interim-govt-sworn-3672581 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240808232802/https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/yunus-led-interim-govt-sworn-3672581 \|archive-date=8 August 2024 \|access-date=8 August 2024 \|website=The Daily Star}}</ref>

Cerium4B at 18:59, 28 September 2024

2024-09-28T18:59:43Z

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	Several animals became extinct in Bangladesh during the last century, including the one-horned and two-horned [[rhinoceros]] and common [[peafowl]]. The human population is concentrated in urban areas, limiting deforestation to a certain extent. Rapid urban growth has threatened natural habitats. The country has widespread environmental issues; pollution of the [[Dhaleshwari River]] by the textile industry and shrimp cultivation in Chakaria Sundarbans have both been described by academics as [[ecocide]]s.<ref>{{Citation \|last1=Suny \|first1=Rabby Us \|title=Political Economy of River Ecocide in Bangladesh: A Study in the Context of Dhaleshwari River \|date=20 June 2022 \|url=https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/9789811263750_0005 \|work=Politics of Climate Change \|pages=83–103 \|access-date=10 July 2023 \|publisher=WORLD SCIENTIFIC \|doi=10.1142/9789811263750_0005 \|isbn=978-981-12-6374-3 \|last2=Sarkar \|first2=Oliver Tirtho \|last3=Hasan \|first3=Md Abid \|archive-date=10 July 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230710162257/https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/9789811263750_0005 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Zaman \|first=Samia \|date=7 June 2023 \|title=The Bangladesh Environmental Humanities Reader: by Samina Luthfa, Mohammad Tanzimuddin Khan, and Munasir Kamal, Lanham, Lexinton Books, 2022 ISBN:978-1-4985-9913-9 and 978-1-4985-9914-6 \|journal=Environmental Politics \|volume=32 \|issue=4 \|pages=752–754 \|doi=10.1080/09644016.2023.2192149 \|s2cid=257785219 \|issn=0964-4016\|doi-access=free}}</ref> Although many areas are protected under law, some Bangladeshi wildlife is threatened by this growth. The [[Bangladesh Environment Conservation Act]] was enacted in 1995. The government has designated several regions as [[Ecologically Critical Area]]s, including wetlands, forests, and rivers. The [[Sundarbans tiger project]] and the Bangladesh Bear Project are among the key initiatives to strengthen conservation.<ref name="bearprojectbd.weebly.com"/> It ratified the Rio [[Convention on Biological Diversity]] on 3 May 1994.<ref name="cbd.int">{{cite web \|url=http://www.cbd.int/countries/profile/default.shtml?country=bd\|title=Bangladesh – Country Profile\|website=cbd.int\|access-date=16 February 2015\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217020013/http://www.cbd.int/countries/profile/default.shtml?country=bd\|archive-date=17 February 2015\|url-status=live}}</ref> {{As of\|2014}}, the country was set to revise its [[Biodiversity action plan\|National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan]].<ref name="cbd.int"/>		Several animals became extinct in Bangladesh during the last century, including the one-horned and two-horned [[rhinoceros]] and common [[peafowl]]. The human population is concentrated in urban areas, limiting deforestation to a certain extent. Rapid urban growth has threatened natural habitats. The country has widespread environmental issues; pollution of the [[Dhaleshwari River]] by the textile industry and shrimp cultivation in Chakaria Sundarbans have both been described by academics as [[ecocide]]s.<ref>{{Citation \|last1=Suny \|first1=Rabby Us \|title=Political Economy of River Ecocide in Bangladesh: A Study in the Context of Dhaleshwari River \|date=20 June 2022 \|url=https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/9789811263750_0005 \|work=Politics of Climate Change \|pages=83–103 \|access-date=10 July 2023 \|publisher=WORLD SCIENTIFIC \|doi=10.1142/9789811263750_0005 \|isbn=978-981-12-6374-3 \|last2=Sarkar \|first2=Oliver Tirtho \|last3=Hasan \|first3=Md Abid \|archive-date=10 July 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230710162257/https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/9789811263750_0005 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Zaman \|first=Samia \|date=7 June 2023 \|title=The Bangladesh Environmental Humanities Reader: by Samina Luthfa, Mohammad Tanzimuddin Khan, and Munasir Kamal, Lanham, Lexinton Books, 2022 ISBN:978-1-4985-9913-9 and 978-1-4985-9914-6 \|journal=Environmental Politics \|volume=32 \|issue=4 \|pages=752–754 \|doi=10.1080/09644016.2023.2192149 \|s2cid=257785219 \|issn=0964-4016\|doi-access=free}}</ref> Although many areas are protected under law, some Bangladeshi wildlife is threatened by this growth. The [[Bangladesh Environment Conservation Act]] was enacted in 1995. The government has designated several regions as [[Ecologically Critical Area]]s, including wetlands, forests, and rivers. The [[Sundarbans tiger project]] and the Bangladesh Bear Project are among the key initiatives to strengthen conservation.<ref name="bearprojectbd.weebly.com"/> It ratified the Rio [[Convention on Biological Diversity]] on 3 May 1994.<ref name="cbd.int">{{cite web \|url=http://www.cbd.int/countries/profile/default.shtml?country=bd\|title=Bangladesh – Country Profile\|website=cbd.int\|access-date=16 February 2015\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217020013/http://www.cbd.int/countries/profile/default.shtml?country=bd\|archive-date=17 February 2015\|url-status=live}}</ref> {{As of\|2014}}, the country was set to revise its [[Biodiversity action plan\|National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan]].<ref name="cbd.int"/>

	==Government and ~~politics~~==		==Government and Politics==
	{{Main\|Government of Bangladesh\|Politics of Bangladesh}}		{{Main\|Government of Bangladesh\|Politics of Bangladesh}}
	[[File:Bangabhaban.jpg\|thumb\|[[Bangabhaban]] (literally ''Bengal House'') is the [[presidential palace]] of Bangladesh. It was originally a house for the [[Viceroy of India]] and the [[List of governors of Bengal Presidency\|Governor of Bengal]].]]		[[File:Bangabhaban.jpg\|thumb\|[[Bangabhaban]] (literally ''Bengal House'') is the [[presidential palace]] of Bangladesh. It was originally a house for the [[Viceroy of India]] and the [[List of governors of Bengal Presidency\|Governor of Bengal]].]]

← Previous revision		Revision as of 14:14, 29 September 2024
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	The history of Bangladesh dates back over four millennia to the [[Chalcolithic]] period. The region's early history was characterized by a succession of [[Hindus\|Hindu]] and [[Buddhism\|Buddhist]] kingdoms and empires that fought for control over the [[Bengal region]]. [[Islam in Bangladesh\|Islam]] arrived in the 8th century and gradually became dominant from the early 13th century with the conquests led by [[Bakhtiyar Khalji]] and the activities of [[Sunni Islam\|Sunni]] missionaries like [[Shah Jalal]]. Muslim rulers promoted the spread of Islam by building mosques across the region. From the 14th century onward, Bengal was ruled by the [[Bengal Sultanate]], founded by [[Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah]], who established an individual currency. The Bengal Sultanate expanded under rulers like [[Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah]], leading to economic prosperity and military dominance, with Bengal being referred to by Europeans as the richest country to trade with. The region later became a part of the [[Mughal Empire]], and according to historian [[C. A. Bayly]], it was probably the empire's wealthiest province.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		The history of Bangladesh dates back over four millennia to the [[Chalcolithic]] period. The region's early history was characterized by a succession of [[Hindus\|Hindu]] and [[Buddhism\|Buddhist]] kingdoms and empires that fought for control over the [[Bengal region]]. [[Islam in Bangladesh\|Islam]] arrived in the 8th century and gradually became dominant from the early 13th century with the conquests led by [[Bakhtiyar Khalji]] and the activities of [[Sunni Islam\|Sunni]] missionaries like [[Shah Jalal]]. Muslim rulers promoted the spread of Islam by building mosques across the region. From the 14th century onward, Bengal was ruled by the [[Bengal Sultanate]], founded by [[Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah]], who established an individual currency. The Bengal Sultanate expanded under rulers like [[Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah]], leading to economic prosperity and military dominance, with Bengal being referred to by Europeans as the richest country to trade with. The region later became a part of the [[Mughal Empire]], and according to historian [[C. A. Bayly]], it was probably the empire's wealthiest province.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

	Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, [[Bengal]] became a semi-independent state under the [[Nawabs of Bengal]], ultimately led by [[Siraj-ud-Daulah]]. It was later conquered by the British [[East India Company]] after the [[Battle of Plassey~~\|Battle of Palashi~~]] in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the [[Industrial Revolution]] in Britain, but also faced significant [[deindustrialization]]. The [[Bengal Presidency]] was established during British rule.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, [[Bengal]] became a semi-independent state under the [[Nawabs of Bengal]], ultimately led by [[Siraj-ud-Daulah]]. It was later conquered by the British [[East India Company]] after the [[Battle of Plassey]] in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the [[Industrial Revolution]] in Britain, but also faced significant [[deindustrialization]]. The [[Bengal Presidency]] was established during British rule.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

	The borders of modern Bangladesh were established with the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)\|partition of Bengal]] between India and Pakistan during the [[Partition of India]] in August 1947, when the region became [[East Pakistan]] as part of the newly formed [[Dominion of Pakistan\|State of Pakistan]] following the end of the [[British Raj\|British rule in the region]]. The [[Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence]] in March 1971 led to the nine-month-long [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], which culminated in the emergence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Independence was declared by [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] in 1971.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		The borders of modern Bangladesh were established with the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)\|partition of Bengal]] between India and Pakistan during the [[Partition of India]] in August 1947, when the region became [[East Pakistan]] as part of the newly formed [[Dominion of Pakistan\|State of Pakistan]] following the end of the [[British Raj\|British rule in the region]]. The [[Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence]] in March 1971 led to the nine-month-long [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], which culminated in the emergence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Independence was declared by [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] in 1971.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

← Previous revision		Revision as of 14:13, 29 September 2024
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	Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, [[Bengal]] became a semi-independent state under the [[Nawabs of Bengal]], ultimately led by [[Siraj-ud-Daulah]]. It was later conquered by the British [[East India Company]] after the [[Battle of Plassey\|Battle of Palashi]] in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the [[Industrial Revolution]] in Britain, but also faced significant [[deindustrialization]]. The [[Bengal Presidency]] was established during British rule.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, [[Bengal]] became a semi-independent state under the [[Nawabs of Bengal]], ultimately led by [[Siraj-ud-Daulah]]. It was later conquered by the British [[East India Company]] after the [[Battle of Plassey\|Battle of Palashi]] in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the [[Industrial Revolution]] in Britain, but also faced significant [[deindustrialization]]. The [[Bengal Presidency]] was established during British rule.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

⚫	[[File:Siraj ud-Daula.jpg\|thumb\|upright=.6\|left\|[[Siraj-ud-Daulah]], the last independent [[Nawabs of Bengal\|Nawab of Bengal]]]]

	The borders of modern Bangladesh were established with the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)\|partition of Bengal]] between India and Pakistan during the [[Partition of India]] in August 1947, when the region became [[East Pakistan]] as part of the newly formed [[Dominion of Pakistan\|State of Pakistan]] following the end of the [[British Raj\|British rule in the region]]. The [[Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence]] in March 1971 led to the nine-month-long [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], which culminated in the emergence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Independence was declared by [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] in 1971.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		The borders of modern Bangladesh were established with the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)\|partition of Bengal]] between India and Pakistan during the [[Partition of India]] in August 1947, when the region became [[East Pakistan]] as part of the newly formed [[Dominion of Pakistan\|State of Pakistan]] following the end of the [[British Raj\|British rule in the region]]. The [[Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence]] in March 1971 led to the nine-month-long [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], which culminated in the emergence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Independence was declared by [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] in 1971.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

		⚫	[[File:Siraj ud-Daula.jpg\|thumb\|upright=.6\|left\|[[Siraj-ud-Daulah]], the last independent [[Nawabs of Bengal\|Nawab of Bengal]]]]
	Since gaining independence, Bangladesh has faced political instability, economic reconstruction, and social transformation. The country experienced military coups and authoritarian rule, notably under [[Ziaur Rahman\|General Ziaur Rahman]] and [[Hussain Muhammad Ershad\|General Hussain Muhammad Ershad]]. The restoration of parliamentary democracy in the 1990s saw power alternate between the [[Awami League]], and the [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party]]. In recent decades, Bangladesh has achieved significant economic growth, emerging as one of the world's fastest-growing economies, driven by its [[Textile industry in Bangladesh\|garment industry]], remittances, and infrastructure development. However, it continues to grapple with political instability, human rights issues, and the impact of climate change. The return of the Awami League to power in 2009 under Sheikh Hasina's leadership saw economic progress but criticisms of [[authoritarianism]]. Bangladesh has played a critical role in addressing regional issues, including the [[Rohingya refugee crisis]], which has strained its resources and highlighted its humanitarian commitments.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		Since gaining independence, Bangladesh has faced political instability, economic reconstruction, and social transformation. The country experienced military coups and authoritarian rule, notably under [[Ziaur Rahman\|General Ziaur Rahman]] and [[Hussain Muhammad Ershad\|General Hussain Muhammad Ershad]]. The restoration of parliamentary democracy in the 1990s saw power alternate between the [[Awami League]], and the [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party]]. In recent decades, Bangladesh has achieved significant economic growth, emerging as one of the world's fastest-growing economies, driven by its [[Textile industry in Bangladesh\|garment industry]], remittances, and infrastructure development. However, it continues to grapple with political instability, human rights issues, and the impact of climate change. The return of the Awami League to power in 2009 under Sheikh Hasina's leadership saw economic progress but criticisms of [[authoritarianism]]. Bangladesh has played a critical role in addressing regional issues, including the [[Rohingya refugee crisis]], which has strained its resources and highlighted its humanitarian commitments.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

← Previous revision		Revision as of 09:29, 29 September 2024
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	Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, [[Bengal]] became a semi-independent state under the [[Nawabs of Bengal]], ultimately led by [[Siraj-ud-Daulah]]. It was later conquered by the British [[East India Company]] after the [[Battle of Plassey\|Battle of Palashi]] in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the [[Industrial Revolution]] in Britain, but also faced significant [[deindustrialization]]. The [[Bengal Presidency]] was established during British rule.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, [[Bengal]] became a semi-independent state under the [[Nawabs of Bengal]], ultimately led by [[Siraj-ud-Daulah]]. It was later conquered by the British [[East India Company]] after the [[Battle of Plassey\|Battle of Palashi]] in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the [[Industrial Revolution]] in Britain, but also faced significant [[deindustrialization]]. The [[Bengal Presidency]] was established during British rule.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

		⚫	[[File:Siraj ud-Daula.jpg\|thumb\|upright=.6\|left\|[[Siraj-ud-Daulah]], the last independent [[Nawabs of Bengal\|Nawab of Bengal]]]]

	The borders of modern Bangladesh were established with the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)\|partition of Bengal]] between India and Pakistan during the [[Partition of India]] in August 1947, when the region became [[East Pakistan]] as part of the newly formed [[Dominion of Pakistan\|State of Pakistan]] following the end of the [[British Raj\|British rule in the region]]. The [[Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence]] in March 1971 led to the nine-month-long [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], which culminated in the emergence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Independence was declared by [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] in 1971.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		The borders of modern Bangladesh were established with the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)\|partition of Bengal]] between India and Pakistan during the [[Partition of India]] in August 1947, when the region became [[East Pakistan]] as part of the newly formed [[Dominion of Pakistan\|State of Pakistan]] following the end of the [[British Raj\|British rule in the region]]. The [[Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence]] in March 1971 led to the nine-month-long [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], which culminated in the emergence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Independence was declared by [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] in 1971.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

⚫	[[File:Siraj ud-Daula.jpg\|thumb\|upright=.6\|left\|[[Siraj-ud-Daulah]], the last independent [[Nawabs of Bengal\|Nawab of Bengal]]]]
	Since gaining independence, Bangladesh has faced political instability, economic reconstruction, and social transformation. The country experienced military coups and authoritarian rule, notably under [[Ziaur Rahman\|General Ziaur Rahman]] and [[Hussain Muhammad Ershad\|General Hussain Muhammad Ershad]]. The restoration of parliamentary democracy in the 1990s saw power alternate between the [[Awami League]], and the [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party]]. In recent decades, Bangladesh has achieved significant economic growth, emerging as one of the world's fastest-growing economies, driven by its [[Textile industry in Bangladesh\|garment industry]], remittances, and infrastructure development. However, it continues to grapple with political instability, human rights issues, and the impact of climate change. The return of the Awami League to power in 2009 under Sheikh Hasina's leadership saw economic progress but criticisms of [[authoritarianism]]. Bangladesh has played a critical role in addressing regional issues, including the [[Rohingya refugee crisis]], which has strained its resources and highlighted its humanitarian commitments.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		Since gaining independence, Bangladesh has faced political instability, economic reconstruction, and social transformation. The country experienced military coups and authoritarian rule, notably under [[Ziaur Rahman\|General Ziaur Rahman]] and [[Hussain Muhammad Ershad\|General Hussain Muhammad Ershad]]. The restoration of parliamentary democracy in the 1990s saw power alternate between the [[Awami League]], and the [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party]]. In recent decades, Bangladesh has achieved significant economic growth, emerging as one of the world's fastest-growing economies, driven by its [[Textile industry in Bangladesh\|garment industry]], remittances, and infrastructure development. However, it continues to grapple with political instability, human rights issues, and the impact of climate change. The return of the Awami League to power in 2009 under Sheikh Hasina's leadership saw economic progress but criticisms of [[authoritarianism]]. Bangladesh has played a critical role in addressing regional issues, including the [[Rohingya refugee crisis]], which has strained its resources and highlighted its humanitarian commitments.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

← Previous revision		Revision as of 09:26, 29 September 2024
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	The history of Bangladesh dates back over four millennia to the [[Chalcolithic]] period. The region's early history was characterized by a succession of [[Hindus\|Hindu]] and [[Buddhism\|Buddhist]] kingdoms and empires that fought for control over the [[Bengal region]]. [[Islam in Bangladesh\|Islam]] arrived in the 8th century and gradually became dominant from the early 13th century with the conquests led by [[Bakhtiyar Khalji]] and the activities of [[Sunni Islam\|Sunni]] missionaries like [[Shah Jalal]]. Muslim rulers promoted the spread of Islam by building mosques across the region. From the 14th century onward, Bengal was ruled by the [[Bengal Sultanate]], founded by [[Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah]], who established an individual currency. The Bengal Sultanate expanded under rulers like [[Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah]], leading to economic prosperity and military dominance, with Bengal being referred to by Europeans as the richest country to trade with. The region later became a part of the [[Mughal Empire]], and according to historian [[C. A. Bayly]], it was probably the empire's wealthiest province.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		The history of Bangladesh dates back over four millennia to the [[Chalcolithic]] period. The region's early history was characterized by a succession of [[Hindus\|Hindu]] and [[Buddhism\|Buddhist]] kingdoms and empires that fought for control over the [[Bengal region]]. [[Islam in Bangladesh\|Islam]] arrived in the 8th century and gradually became dominant from the early 13th century with the conquests led by [[Bakhtiyar Khalji]] and the activities of [[Sunni Islam\|Sunni]] missionaries like [[Shah Jalal]]. Muslim rulers promoted the spread of Islam by building mosques across the region. From the 14th century onward, Bengal was ruled by the [[Bengal Sultanate]], founded by [[Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah]], who established an individual currency. The Bengal Sultanate expanded under rulers like [[Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah]], leading to economic prosperity and military dominance, with Bengal being referred to by Europeans as the richest country to trade with. The region later became a part of the [[Mughal Empire]], and according to historian [[C. A. Bayly]], it was probably the empire's wealthiest province.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

	Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, [[Bengal]] became a semi-independent state under the [[Nawabs of Bengal]], ultimately led by [[Siraj-ud-Daulah]]. It was later conquered by the British [[East India Company]] after the [[Battle of Plassey]] in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the [[Industrial Revolution]] in Britain, but also faced significant [[deindustrialization]]. The [[Bengal Presidency]] was established during British rule.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, [[Bengal]] became a semi-independent state under the [[Nawabs of Bengal]], ultimately led by [[Siraj-ud-Daulah]]. It was later conquered by the British [[East India Company]] after the [[Battle of Plassey\|Battle of Palashi]] in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the [[Industrial Revolution]] in Britain, but also faced significant [[deindustrialization]]. The [[Bengal Presidency]] was established during British rule.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

	The borders of modern Bangladesh were established with the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)\|partition of Bengal]] between India and Pakistan during the [[Partition of India]] in August 1947, when the region became [[East Pakistan]] as part of the newly formed [[Dominion of Pakistan\|State of Pakistan]] following the end of the [[British Raj\|British rule in the region]]. The [[Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence]] in March 1971 led to the nine-month-long [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], which culminated in the emergence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Independence was declared by [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] in 1971.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}		The borders of modern Bangladesh were established with the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)\|partition of Bengal]] between India and Pakistan during the [[Partition of India]] in August 1947, when the region became [[East Pakistan]] as part of the newly formed [[Dominion of Pakistan\|State of Pakistan]] following the end of the [[British Raj\|British rule in the region]]. The [[Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence]] in March 1971 led to the nine-month-long [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], which culminated in the emergence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Independence was declared by [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] in 1971.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

← Previous revision		Revision as of 03:25, 29 September 2024
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	{{Main\|History of Bangladesh}}		{{Main\|History of Bangladesh}}
	{{History of Bangladesh}}		{{History of Bangladesh}}
	The history of Bangladesh dates back over four millennia to the [[Chalcolithic]] period. The region's early history was characterized by a succession of [[Hindus\|Hindu]] and [[Buddhism\|Buddhist]] kingdoms and empires that fought for control over the [[Bengal region]]. [[Islam in Bangladesh\|Islam]] arrived in the 8th century and gradually became dominant from the early 13th century with the conquests led by [[Bakhtiyar Khalji]] and the activities of [[Sunni Islam\|Sunni]] missionaries like [[Shah Jalal]]. Muslim rulers promoted the spread of Islam by building mosques across the region. From the 14th century onward, Bengal was ruled by the [[Bengal Sultanate]], founded by [[Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah]], who established an individual currency. The Bengal Sultanate expanded under rulers like [[Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah]], leading to economic prosperity and military dominance, with Bengal being referred to by Europeans as the richest country to trade with. The region later became a part of the [[Mughal Empire]], and according to historian [[C. A. Bayly]], it was probably the empire's wealthiest province.		The history of Bangladesh dates back over four millennia to the [[Chalcolithic]] period. The region's early history was characterized by a succession of [[Hindus\|Hindu]] and [[Buddhism\|Buddhist]] kingdoms and empires that fought for control over the [[Bengal region]]. [[Islam in Bangladesh\|Islam]] arrived in the 8th century and gradually became dominant from the early 13th century with the conquests led by [[Bakhtiyar Khalji]] and the activities of [[Sunni Islam\|Sunni]] missionaries like [[Shah Jalal]]. Muslim rulers promoted the spread of Islam by building mosques across the region. From the 14th century onward, Bengal was ruled by the [[Bengal Sultanate]], founded by [[Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah]], who established an individual currency. The Bengal Sultanate expanded under rulers like [[Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah]], leading to economic prosperity and military dominance, with Bengal being referred to by Europeans as the richest country to trade with. The region later became a part of the [[Mughal Empire]], and according to historian [[C. A. Bayly]], it was probably the empire's wealthiest province.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

	Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, [[Bengal]] became a semi-independent state under the [[Nawabs of Bengal]], ultimately led by [[Siraj-ud-Daulah]]. It was later conquered by the British [[East India Company]] after the [[Battle of Plassey]] in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the [[Industrial Revolution]] in Britain, but also faced significant [[deindustrialization]]. The [[Bengal Presidency]] was established during British rule.		Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, [[Bengal]] became a semi-independent state under the [[Nawabs of Bengal]], ultimately led by [[Siraj-ud-Daulah]]. It was later conquered by the British [[East India Company]] after the [[Battle of Plassey]] in 1757. Bengal played a crucial role in the [[Industrial Revolution]] in Britain, but also faced significant [[deindustrialization]]. The [[Bengal Presidency]] was established during British rule.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

	The borders of modern Bangladesh were established with the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)\|partition of Bengal]] between India and Pakistan during the [[Partition of India]] in August 1947, when the region became [[East Pakistan]] as part of the newly formed [[Dominion of Pakistan\|State of Pakistan]] following the end of the [[British Raj\|British rule in the region]]. The [[Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence]] in March 1971 led to the nine-month-long [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], which culminated in the emergence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Independence was declared by [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] in 1971.		The borders of modern Bangladesh were established with the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)\|partition of Bengal]] between India and Pakistan during the [[Partition of India]] in August 1947, when the region became [[East Pakistan]] as part of the newly formed [[Dominion of Pakistan\|State of Pakistan]] following the end of the [[British Raj\|British rule in the region]]. The [[Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence]] in March 1971 led to the nine-month-long [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], which culminated in the emergence of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Independence was declared by [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] in 1971.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

	[[File:Siraj ud-Daula.jpg\|thumb\|upright=.6\|left\|[[Siraj-ud-Daulah]], the last independent [[Nawabs of Bengal\|Nawab of Bengal]]]]		[[File:Siraj ud-Daula.jpg\|thumb\|upright=.6\|left\|[[Siraj-ud-Daulah]], the last independent [[Nawabs of Bengal\|Nawab of Bengal]]]]
	Since gaining independence, Bangladesh has faced political instability, economic reconstruction, and social transformation. The country experienced military coups and authoritarian rule, notably under [[Ziaur Rahman\|General Ziaur Rahman]] and [[Hussain Muhammad Ershad\|General Hussain Muhammad Ershad]]. The restoration of parliamentary democracy in the 1990s saw power alternate between the [[Awami League]], and the [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party]]. In recent decades, Bangladesh has achieved significant economic growth, emerging as one of the world's fastest-growing economies, driven by its [[Textile industry in Bangladesh\|garment industry]], remittances, and infrastructure development. However, it continues to grapple with political instability, human rights issues, and the impact of climate change. The return of the Awami League to power in 2009 under Sheikh Hasina's leadership saw economic progress but criticisms of [[authoritarianism]]. Bangladesh has played a critical role in addressing regional issues, including the [[Rohingya refugee crisis]], which has strained its resources and highlighted its humanitarian commitments.		Since gaining independence, Bangladesh has faced political instability, economic reconstruction, and social transformation. The country experienced military coups and authoritarian rule, notably under [[Ziaur Rahman\|General Ziaur Rahman]] and [[Hussain Muhammad Ershad\|General Hussain Muhammad Ershad]]. The restoration of parliamentary democracy in the 1990s saw power alternate between the [[Awami League]], and the [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party]]. In recent decades, Bangladesh has achieved significant economic growth, emerging as one of the world's fastest-growing economies, driven by its [[Textile industry in Bangladesh\|garment industry]], remittances, and infrastructure development. However, it continues to grapple with political instability, human rights issues, and the impact of climate change. The return of the Awami League to power in 2009 under Sheikh Hasina's leadership saw economic progress but criticisms of [[authoritarianism]]. Bangladesh has played a critical role in addressing regional issues, including the [[Rohingya refugee crisis]], which has strained its resources and highlighted its humanitarian commitments.{{Cn\|date=September 2024}}

	The [[poverty]] rate went down from 80% in 1971 to 44% in 1991 to 13% in 2021.<ref name="The Daily Star-2021">{{cite news \|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/pre-pandemic-level-poverty-set-drop-further-2193171 \|title=Pre-Pandemic Level: Poverty set to drop further \|work=The Daily Star \|date=8 October 2021 \|access-date=2 October 2022 \|archive-date=3 December 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221203050519/https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/pre-pandemic-level-poverty-set-drop-further-2193171 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://cri.org.bd/2021/03/26/what-milestones-have-bangladesh-crossed-in-50-years/\|title=What milestones have Bangladesh crossed in 50 years\|date=26 March 2021\|access-date=1 October 2022\|archive-date=6 October 2022\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006211719/https://cri.org.bd/2021/03/26/what-milestones-have-bangladesh-crossed-in-50-years/\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/results/2018/11/15/bangladesh-reducing-poverty-and-sharing-prosperity\|title=Bangladesh: Reducing Poverty and Sharing Prosperity\|website=World Bank \|access-date=1 October 2022\|archive-date=3 January 2023\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103122155/https://www.worldbank.org/en/results/2018/11/15/bangladesh-reducing-poverty-and-sharing-prosperity\|url-status=live}}</ref> Bangladesh emerged as the second-largest economy in South Asia,<ref name="The Daily Star-2019">{{cite news \|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/bangladesh/bangladesh-ranked-41st-largest-economy-in-2019-all-over-the-world-study-1684078 \|title=Bangladesh ranked 41st largest economy in 2019 all over the world \|work=The Daily Star \|date=8 January 2019 \|access-date=2 October 2022 \|archive-date=26 March 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326035229/https://www.thedailystar.net/bangladesh/bangladesh-ranked-41st-largest-economy-in-2019-all-over-the-world-study-1684078 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="scroll.in">{{cite news \|author=Sayeed Iftekhar Ahmed \|url=https://scroll.in/article/1019006/where-do-bangladesh-and-pakistan-stand-after-50-years-of-separation#:~:text=Bangladesh%20outpaces%20Pakistan%20across%20all,the%20world's%20fastest%2Dgrowing%20economies \|title=Where do Bangladesh and Pakistan stand after 50 years of separation? \|work=Scroll.in \|date=18 March 2022 \|access-date=2 October 2022 \|archive-date=4 April 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404150359/https://scroll.in/article/1019006/where-do-bangladesh-and-pakistan-stand-after-50-years-of-separation#:~:text=Bangladesh%20outpaces%20Pakistan%20across%20all,the%20world's%20fastest%2Dgrowing%20economies \|url-status=live }}</ref> surpassing the per capita income levels of both India and Pakistan.<ref name="Sharma-2021">{{cite news \|last=Sharma \|first=Mihir \|date=31 May 2021 \|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2021-05-31/india-and-pakistan-are-now-poorer-than-bangladesh \|title=South Asia Should Pay Attention to Its Standout Star \|publisher=Bloomberg News \|type=Opinion \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207162332/https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2021-05-31/india-and-pakistan-are-now-poorer-than-bangladesh \|archive-date=7 February 2022 \|access-date=2 October 2022}}</ref><ref name="scroll.in"/> As part of the [[green transition]], Bangladesh's industrial sector emerged as a leader in building green factories, with the country having the largest number of certified green factories in the world in 2023.<ref>[https://www.dhakatribune.com/opinion/op-ed/321769/spearheading-sustainable-industries". Spearheading sustainable industries"] {{Webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230818205402/https://www.dhakatribune.com/opinion/op-ed/321769/spearheading-sustainable-industries \|date=18 August 2023 }}. ''Dhaka Tribune''. 6 August 2023.</ref> In January 2024, Awami League led by Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina secured a fourth straight term in Bangladesh's [[2024 Bangladeshi general election\|general election]]. Following [[2024 Bangladesh quota reform movement\|nationwide protests]] against the Awami League government, on 5 August 2024, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina was [[Non-cooperation movement (2024)#Resignation of Sheikh Hasina\|forced to resign and flee]] to India.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Bangladesh's prime minister flees country and resigns after deadly protest \|url=https://news.sky.com/story/bangladesh-prime-minister-resigns-after-deadly-protests-reports-13191184 \|date=2024-08-05 \|access-date=2024-08-05 \|website=[[Sky News]]\|archive-date=5 August 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240805094428/https://news.sky.com/story/bangladesh-prime-minister-resigns-after-deadly-protests-reports-13191184 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/aug/05/bangladesh-pm-has-resigned-and-left-country-media-reports-say-sheikh-hasina\|title=Bangladesh PM has resigned and left country, reports say\|date=2024-08-05\|work=[[The Guardian]]\|access-date=5 August 2024\|archive-date=2 September 2024\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240902065034/https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/aug/05/bangladesh-pm-has-resigned-and-left-country-media-reports-say-sheikh-hasina\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|title=Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina has resigned and left the country, media reports say \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/bangladesh-protesters-call-march-dhaka-defiance-curfew-2024-08-05/ \|access-date=5 August 2024 \|work=[[Reuters]] \|date=5 August 2024\|archive-date=6 August 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240806033132/https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/bangladesh-protesters-call-march-dhaka-defiance-curfew-2024-08-05/ \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="resign TST">{{Cite news \|url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/asia/bangladesh-protest-pm-sheikh-hasina-resign-storm-palace-flee-safety-4527106 \|title=Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina resigns and flees as protesters storm palace \|date=5 August 2024 \|access-date=5 August 2024 \|website=[[The Straits Times]]\|location=Singapore \|archive-date=7 August 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240807095541/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/asia/bangladesh-protest-pm-sheikh-hasina-resign-storm-palace-flee-safety-4527106 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=resign>{{Cite news \|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/south-asia/article/3273265/bangladesh-pm-sheikh-hasina-has-resigned-and-left-country-media-reports-say \|title=Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina has resigned and left the country, media reports say \|date=5 August 2024 \|access-date=5 August 2024 \|website=[[South China Morning Post]]}}</ref> An [[2024 Bangladesh interim government\|interim government]] was formed on 8 August, with Nobel laureate [[Muhammad Yunus]] as the [[Chief Advisor of Bangladesh\|Chief Advisor]].<ref>{{cite web \|date=8 August 2024 \|title=Yunus-led interim govt sworn in \|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/yunus-led-interim-govt-sworn-3672581 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240808232802/https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/yunus-led-interim-govt-sworn-3672581 \|archive-date=8 August 2024 \|access-date=8 August 2024 \|website=The Daily Star}}</ref>		The [[poverty]] rate went down from 80% in 1971 to 44% in 1991 to 13% in 2021.<ref name="The Daily Star-2021">{{cite news \|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/pre-pandemic-level-poverty-set-drop-further-2193171 \|title=Pre-Pandemic Level: Poverty set to drop further \|work=The Daily Star \|date=8 October 2021 \|access-date=2 October 2022 \|archive-date=3 December 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221203050519/https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/pre-pandemic-level-poverty-set-drop-further-2193171 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://cri.org.bd/2021/03/26/what-milestones-have-bangladesh-crossed-in-50-years/\|title=What milestones have Bangladesh crossed in 50 years\|date=26 March 2021\|access-date=1 October 2022\|archive-date=6 October 2022\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006211719/https://cri.org.bd/2021/03/26/what-milestones-have-bangladesh-crossed-in-50-years/\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/results/2018/11/15/bangladesh-reducing-poverty-and-sharing-prosperity\|title=Bangladesh: Reducing Poverty and Sharing Prosperity\|website=World Bank \|access-date=1 October 2022\|archive-date=3 January 2023\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103122155/https://www.worldbank.org/en/results/2018/11/15/bangladesh-reducing-poverty-and-sharing-prosperity\|url-status=live}}</ref> Bangladesh emerged as the second-largest economy in South Asia,<ref name="The Daily Star-2019">{{cite news \|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/bangladesh/bangladesh-ranked-41st-largest-economy-in-2019-all-over-the-world-study-1684078 \|title=Bangladesh ranked 41st largest economy in 2019 all over the world \|work=The Daily Star \|date=8 January 2019 \|access-date=2 October 2022 \|archive-date=26 March 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326035229/https://www.thedailystar.net/bangladesh/bangladesh-ranked-41st-largest-economy-in-2019-all-over-the-world-study-1684078 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="scroll.in">{{cite news \|author=Sayeed Iftekhar Ahmed \|url=https://scroll.in/article/1019006/where-do-bangladesh-and-pakistan-stand-after-50-years-of-separation#:~:text=Bangladesh%20outpaces%20Pakistan%20across%20all,the%20world's%20fastest%2Dgrowing%20economies \|title=Where do Bangladesh and Pakistan stand after 50 years of separation? \|work=Scroll.in \|date=18 March 2022 \|access-date=2 October 2022 \|archive-date=4 April 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404150359/https://scroll.in/article/1019006/where-do-bangladesh-and-pakistan-stand-after-50-years-of-separation#:~:text=Bangladesh%20outpaces%20Pakistan%20across%20all,the%20world's%20fastest%2Dgrowing%20economies \|url-status=live }}</ref> surpassing the per capita income levels of both India and Pakistan.<ref name="Sharma-2021">{{cite news \|last=Sharma \|first=Mihir \|date=31 May 2021 \|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2021-05-31/india-and-pakistan-are-now-poorer-than-bangladesh \|title=South Asia Should Pay Attention to Its Standout Star \|publisher=Bloomberg News \|type=Opinion \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207162332/https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2021-05-31/india-and-pakistan-are-now-poorer-than-bangladesh \|archive-date=7 February 2022 \|access-date=2 October 2022}}</ref><ref name="scroll.in"/> As part of the [[green transition]], Bangladesh's industrial sector emerged as a leader in building green factories, with the country having the largest number of certified green factories in the world in 2023.<ref>[https://www.dhakatribune.com/opinion/op-ed/321769/spearheading-sustainable-industries". Spearheading sustainable industries"] {{Webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230818205402/https://www.dhakatribune.com/opinion/op-ed/321769/spearheading-sustainable-industries \|date=18 August 2023 }}. ''Dhaka Tribune''. 6 August 2023.</ref> In January 2024, Awami League led by Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina secured a fourth straight term in Bangladesh's [[2024 Bangladeshi general election\|general election]]. Following [[2024 Bangladesh quota reform movement\|nationwide protests]] against the Awami League government, on 5 August 2024, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina was [[Non-cooperation movement (2024)#Resignation of Sheikh Hasina\|forced to resign and flee]] to India.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Bangladesh's prime minister flees country and resigns after deadly protest \|url=https://news.sky.com/story/bangladesh-prime-minister-resigns-after-deadly-protests-reports-13191184 \|date=2024-08-05 \|access-date=2024-08-05 \|website=[[Sky News]]\|archive-date=5 August 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240805094428/https://news.sky.com/story/bangladesh-prime-minister-resigns-after-deadly-protests-reports-13191184 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/aug/05/bangladesh-pm-has-resigned-and-left-country-media-reports-say-sheikh-hasina\|title=Bangladesh PM has resigned and left country, reports say\|date=2024-08-05\|work=[[The Guardian]]\|access-date=5 August 2024\|archive-date=2 September 2024\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240902065034/https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/aug/05/bangladesh-pm-has-resigned-and-left-country-media-reports-say-sheikh-hasina\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|title=Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina has resigned and left the country, media reports say \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/bangladesh-protesters-call-march-dhaka-defiance-curfew-2024-08-05/ \|access-date=5 August 2024 \|work=[[Reuters]] \|date=5 August 2024\|archive-date=6 August 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240806033132/https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/bangladesh-protesters-call-march-dhaka-defiance-curfew-2024-08-05/ \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="resign TST">{{Cite news \|url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/asia/bangladesh-protest-pm-sheikh-hasina-resign-storm-palace-flee-safety-4527106 \|title=Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina resigns and flees as protesters storm palace \|date=5 August 2024 \|access-date=5 August 2024 \|website=[[The Straits Times]]\|location=Singapore \|archive-date=7 August 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240807095541/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/asia/bangladesh-protest-pm-sheikh-hasina-resign-storm-palace-flee-safety-4527106 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=resign>{{Cite news \|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/south-asia/article/3273265/bangladesh-pm-sheikh-hasina-has-resigned-and-left-country-media-reports-say \|title=Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina has resigned and left the country, media reports say \|date=5 August 2024 \|access-date=5 August 2024 \|website=[[South China Morning Post]]}}</ref> An [[2024 Bangladesh interim government\|interim government]] was formed on 8 August, with Nobel laureate [[Muhammad Yunus]] as the [[Chief Advisor of Bangladesh\|Chief Advisor]].<ref>{{cite web \|date=8 August 2024 \|title=Yunus-led interim govt sworn in \|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/yunus-led-interim-govt-sworn-3672581 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240808232802/https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/yunus-led-interim-govt-sworn-3672581 \|archive-date=8 August 2024 \|access-date=8 August 2024 \|website=The Daily Star}}</ref>