Chagos Archipelago - Revision history

EditorOnOccasion: Undid revision 1266035500 by MP I.Rasheed (talk) This is not a "surprise claim", the Maldives' claim to the Chagos Islands is already documented extensively throughout the article.

2024-12-31T23:39:06Z

Undid revision 1266035500 by MP I.Rasheed (talk) This is not a "surprise claim", the Maldives' claim to the Chagos Islands is already documented extensively throughout the article.

← Previous revision		Revision as of 23:39, 31 December 2024
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	==Sovereignty dispute==		==Sovereignty dispute==
	{{Main\|Chagos Archipelago sovereignty dispute}}		{{Main\|Chagos Archipelago sovereignty dispute}}
	The '''Maldives''' has staked a surprise claim to the Chagos Islands, challenging ongoing negotiations between the UK and Mauritius over the strategically vital territory.https://www.gbnews.com/politics/chagos-islands-under-threat-maldives-stakes-claim-strategic-territory

	The Chagos had been administered from imperial offices in Mauritius since the 18th century when the French first named the islands. All of the islands forming part of the French colonial territory of [[Isle de France (Mauritius)\|Isle de France]] (as Mauritius was often then known) were ceded to the British in 1810 under the [[History of Mauritius#French rule (1715–1810)\|Act of Capitulation]]. In 1965, in planning before Mauritian independence, the UK split the archipelago from the territory of Mauritius to form the British Indian Ocean Territory, looking to provide the US with an uninhabited island base, the country's main creditor after the turmoil of World War II.<ref name="real">{{cite web\|url=http://www.realclearworld.com/articles/2012/04/06/mauritius_chagos_archipelago_diego_garcia_99999.html\|title=Time for UK to Leave Chagos Archipelago\|date=6 April 2012\|publisher=Real clear world\|access-date=12 July 2012\|archive-date=11 May 2012\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511010759/http://www.realclearworld.com/articles/2012/04/06/mauritius_chagos_archipelago_diego_garcia_99999.html\|url-status=live}}</ref>		The Chagos had been administered from imperial offices in Mauritius since the 18th century when the French first named the islands. All of the islands forming part of the French colonial territory of [[Isle de France (Mauritius)\|Isle de France]] (as Mauritius was often then known) were ceded to the British in 1810 under the [[History of Mauritius#French rule (1715–1810)\|Act of Capitulation]]. In 1965, in planning before Mauritian independence, the UK split the archipelago from the territory of Mauritius to form the British Indian Ocean Territory, looking to provide the US with an uninhabited island base, the country's main creditor after the turmoil of World War II.<ref name="real">{{cite web\|url=http://www.realclearworld.com/articles/2012/04/06/mauritius_chagos_archipelago_diego_garcia_99999.html\|title=Time for UK to Leave Chagos Archipelago\|date=6 April 2012\|publisher=Real clear world\|access-date=12 July 2012\|archive-date=11 May 2012\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511010759/http://www.realclearworld.com/articles/2012/04/06/mauritius_chagos_archipelago_diego_garcia_99999.html\|url-status=live}}</ref>

MP I.Rasheed: /* Sovereignty dispute */

2024-12-29T20:16:00Z

Sovereignty dispute

← Previous revision		Revision as of 20:16, 29 December 2024
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	==Sovereignty dispute==		==Sovereignty dispute==
	{{Main\|Chagos Archipelago sovereignty dispute}}		{{Main\|Chagos Archipelago sovereignty dispute}}
			The '''Maldives''' has staked a surprise claim to the Chagos Islands, challenging ongoing negotiations between the UK and Mauritius over the strategically vital territory.https://www.gbnews.com/politics/chagos-islands-under-threat-maldives-stakes-claim-strategic-territory

	The Chagos had been administered from imperial offices in Mauritius since the 18th century when the French first named the islands. All of the islands forming part of the French colonial territory of [[Isle de France (Mauritius)\|Isle de France]] (as Mauritius was often then known) were ceded to the British in 1810 under the [[History of Mauritius#French rule (1715–1810)\|Act of Capitulation]]. In 1965, in planning before Mauritian independence, the UK split the archipelago from the territory of Mauritius to form the British Indian Ocean Territory, looking to provide the US with an uninhabited island base, the country's main creditor after the turmoil of World War II.<ref name="real">{{cite web\|url=http://www.realclearworld.com/articles/2012/04/06/mauritius_chagos_archipelago_diego_garcia_99999.html\|title=Time for UK to Leave Chagos Archipelago\|date=6 April 2012\|publisher=Real clear world\|access-date=12 July 2012\|archive-date=11 May 2012\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511010759/http://www.realclearworld.com/articles/2012/04/06/mauritius_chagos_archipelago_diego_garcia_99999.html\|url-status=live}}</ref>		The Chagos had been administered from imperial offices in Mauritius since the 18th century when the French first named the islands. All of the islands forming part of the French colonial territory of [[Isle de France (Mauritius)\|Isle de France]] (as Mauritius was often then known) were ceded to the British in 1810 under the [[History of Mauritius#French rule (1715–1810)\|Act of Capitulation]]. In 1965, in planning before Mauritian independence, the UK split the archipelago from the territory of Mauritius to form the British Indian Ocean Territory, looking to provide the US with an uninhabited island base, the country's main creditor after the turmoil of World War II.<ref name="real">{{cite web\|url=http://www.realclearworld.com/articles/2012/04/06/mauritius_chagos_archipelago_diego_garcia_99999.html\|title=Time for UK to Leave Chagos Archipelago\|date=6 April 2012\|publisher=Real clear world\|access-date=12 July 2012\|archive-date=11 May 2012\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511010759/http://www.realclearworld.com/articles/2012/04/06/mauritius_chagos_archipelago_diego_garcia_99999.html\|url-status=live}}</ref>

StevoLaker: Maldives claims the archipelago

2024-12-29T19:20:42Z

Maldives claims the archipelago

← Previous revision		Revision as of 19:20, 29 December 2024
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	\| country_admin_divisions_title = Territory		\| country_admin_divisions_title = Territory
	\| country_admin_divisions = {{flag\|British Indian Ocean Territory}}		\| country_admin_divisions = {{flag\|British Indian Ocean Territory}}
	\| country1 = {{flag\|Mauritius}}<ref name=CIAFB>{{cite web\|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/british-indian-ocean-territory/\|title=British Indian Ocean Territory\|website=CIA.gov\|access-date=4 November 2018\|archive-date=17 January 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117034125/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/british-indian-ocean-territory/\|url-status=live}}</ref>{{notinsource\|date=October 2024}}		\| country1 = {{flag\|Maldives}}<ref>{{cite web\|last=Bunn\|first=George\|url=https://www.gbnews.com/politics/chagos-islands-under-threat-maldives-stakes-claim-strategic-territory\|title=Chagos Islands under threat AGAIN as now Maldives stakes claim to strategic territory\|website=[[GB News]]\|access-date=29 December 2024\|archive-date=25 December 2024\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241225235148/https://www.gbnews.com/politics/chagos-islands-under-threat-maldives-stakes-claim-strategic-territory\|url-status=live}}</ref><br>{{flag\|Mauritius}}<ref name=CIAFB>{{cite web\|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/british-indian-ocean-territory/\|title=British Indian Ocean Territory\|website=CIA.gov\|access-date=4 November 2018\|archive-date=17 January 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117034125/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/british-indian-ocean-territory/\|url-status=live}}</ref>{{notinsource\|date=October 2024}}
	\| country1_admin_divisions_title = [[Outer Islands of Mauritius\|Outer Islands]]		\| country1_admin_divisions_title = [[Outer Islands of Mauritius\|Outer Islands]]
	\| country1_admin_divisions = Chagos Archipelago		\| country1_admin_divisions = Chagos Archipelago

82.38.117.248 at 19:26, 22 December 2024

2024-12-22T19:26:13Z

← Previous revision		Revision as of 19:26, 22 December 2024
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	There is a level of distrust towards the Mauritian government among some Chagossians, stemming from historical and contemporary interactions. Some Chagossians fear that their interests might not be prioritized under Mauritian sovereignty, possibly leading to further marginalization or lack of support for their right to return to and resettlement on the islands.		There is a level of distrust towards the Mauritian government among some Chagossians, stemming from historical and contemporary interactions. Some Chagossians fear that their interests might not be prioritized under Mauritian sovereignty, possibly leading to further marginalization or lack of support for their right to return to and resettlement on the islands.

	The Chagossians have been engaged in numerous legal battles over their right to return and the sovereignty of the islands. Legal actions like those initiated by Bernadette Dugasse against the UK government for failing to include Chagossians in sovereignty talks further underscore their opposition to decisions made without their input. This reflects a broader struggle for recognition of their rights and sovereignty over their land.</ref>https://inews.co.uk/news/chagos-island-fury-mauritius-uk-3309127?srsltid=AfmBOopGAXI-NtWr1gZmqDVFHnmMTbiRTXxKiHYPmuQxT1fNAK6GJUT9</ref>		The Chagossians have been engaged in numerous legal battles over their right to return and the sovereignty of the islands. Legal actions like those initiated by Bernadette Dugasse against the UK government for failing to include Chagossians in sovereignty talks further underscore their opposition to decisions made without their input. This reflects a broader struggle for recognition of their rights and sovereignty over their land.<ref>https://inews.co.uk/news/chagos-island-fury-mauritius-uk-3309127?srsltid=AfmBOopGAXI-NtWr1gZmqDVFHnmMTbiRTXxKiHYPmuQxT1fNAK6GJUT9</ref>

	==Development==		==Development==

82.38.117.248: /* Sovereignty dispute */Opposition to deal

2024-12-22T19:25:20Z

Sovereignty dispute: Opposition to deal

← Previous revision		Revision as of 19:25, 22 December 2024
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	On 3 October 2024, the UK Government made a joint statement with the Mauritian government that they had negotiated for the sovereignty of the Chagos Islands following two years of negotiation whilst still enabling the running of the American military base on Diego Garcia, thereby ruling out the right of return of the Chagossians to that specific island.<ref>{{cite web \|title=UK and Mauritius joint statement, 3 October 2024 \|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/joint-statement-between-uk-and-mauritius-3-october-2024 \|website=GOV.UK \|language=en \|access-date=3 October 2024 \|archive-date=3 October 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241003100358/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/joint-statement-between-uk-and-mauritius-3-october-2024 \|url-status=live }}</ref> The deal has come under criticism as Chagossians were not involved in the negotiations.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=UK deal to hand over Chagos Islands criticised over lack of say for Chagossians \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cy78ejg71exo \|access-date=2024-10-05 \|website=www.bbc.com \|language=en-GB}}</ref> On the same day, former Maldivian President [[Mohamed Nasheed]] stated that the decision to hand over the Chagos Islands to Mauritius, despite the Maldives' claims, was unacceptable.<ref name="ceding Chagos" /> On 6 October 2024, the [[The Democrats (Maldives)\|Democrats Party]] of the Maldives expressed concern that Maldives President [[Mohamed Muizzu]]’s administration had not been making efforts to assert the Maldives' claim over the Chagos Archipelago, as promised in the presidential pledge.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=The Democrats raise concern for inactive Chagos reclamation works \|url=https://en.sun.mv/92389 \|access-date=2024-10-12 \|website=SunOnline International \|language=en}}</ref>		On 3 October 2024, the UK Government made a joint statement with the Mauritian government that they had negotiated for the sovereignty of the Chagos Islands following two years of negotiation whilst still enabling the running of the American military base on Diego Garcia, thereby ruling out the right of return of the Chagossians to that specific island.<ref>{{cite web \|title=UK and Mauritius joint statement, 3 October 2024 \|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/joint-statement-between-uk-and-mauritius-3-october-2024 \|website=GOV.UK \|language=en \|access-date=3 October 2024 \|archive-date=3 October 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241003100358/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/joint-statement-between-uk-and-mauritius-3-october-2024 \|url-status=live }}</ref> The deal has come under criticism as Chagossians were not involved in the negotiations.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=UK deal to hand over Chagos Islands criticised over lack of say for Chagossians \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cy78ejg71exo \|access-date=2024-10-05 \|website=www.bbc.com \|language=en-GB}}</ref> On the same day, former Maldivian President [[Mohamed Nasheed]] stated that the decision to hand over the Chagos Islands to Mauritius, despite the Maldives' claims, was unacceptable.<ref name="ceding Chagos" /> On 6 October 2024, the [[The Democrats (Maldives)\|Democrats Party]] of the Maldives expressed concern that Maldives President [[Mohamed Muizzu]]’s administration had not been making efforts to assert the Maldives' claim over the Chagos Archipelago, as promised in the presidential pledge.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=The Democrats raise concern for inactive Chagos reclamation works \|url=https://en.sun.mv/92389 \|access-date=2024-10-12 \|website=SunOnline International \|language=en}}</ref>

			There has been a consistent theme of negotiations and decisions about the Chagos Islands being made without directly involving or consulting the Chagossian community. This exclusion from the sovereignty negotiations between the UK and Mauritius has fueled opposition among Chagossians, who feel their voices have been deliberately ignored in determining the future of their homeland. They demand full inclusion in any discussions or treaties regarding the Chagos Islands.<ref>https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/crln9np2dz8o</ref>

			A significant portion of the Chagossian community disputes Mauritian sovereignty, advocating for self-determination as an indigenous people. They argue that the Chagos Islands should not automatically fall under Mauritian control but rather should have the status decided by the Chagossians themselves, potentially through a referendum. This stems from a desire to preserve their identity and cultural heritage which they feel might be at risk under Mauritian control.

			There is a level of distrust towards the Mauritian government among some Chagossians, stemming from historical and contemporary interactions. Some Chagossians fear that their interests might not be prioritized under Mauritian sovereignty, possibly leading to further marginalization or lack of support for their right to return to and resettlement on the islands.

			The Chagossians have been engaged in numerous legal battles over their right to return and the sovereignty of the islands. Legal actions like those initiated by Bernadette Dugasse against the UK government for failing to include Chagossians in sovereignty talks further underscore their opposition to decisions made without their input. This reflects a broader struggle for recognition of their rights and sovereignty over their land.</ref>https://inews.co.uk/news/chagos-island-fury-mauritius-uk-3309127?srsltid=AfmBOopGAXI-NtWr1gZmqDVFHnmMTbiRTXxKiHYPmuQxT1fNAK6GJUT9</ref>

	==Development==		==Development==

StAnselm: Added wikilink

2024-12-20T17:04:30Z

Added wikilink

← Previous revision		Revision as of 17:04, 20 December 2024
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	\|title=THE CRIMINAL CODE (AMENDMENT) ACT 2021 \|date=19 November 2021 \|url=https://mauritiusassembly.govmu.org/mauritiusassembly/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/act1721.pdf \|access-date=6 October 2024}}</ref> As the act is extraterritorial, it restricts the abilities of Chagossians both in Mauritius and around the world to voice their opinions on the legal status of the Chagos Islands.<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://thecritic.co.uk/britain-should-stand-up-to-mauritius/ \|title=Britain should stand up to Mauritius \|last=Yuan \|first=Yi Zhu \|date=30 January 2024 \|website=The Critic \|access-date=6 October 2024 \|archive-date=7 October 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007194242/https://thecritic.co.uk/britain-should-stand-up-to-mauritius/ \|url-status=live }}</ref>		\|title=THE CRIMINAL CODE (AMENDMENT) ACT 2021 \|date=19 November 2021 \|url=https://mauritiusassembly.govmu.org/mauritiusassembly/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/act1721.pdf \|access-date=6 October 2024}}</ref> As the act is extraterritorial, it restricts the abilities of Chagossians both in Mauritius and around the world to voice their opinions on the legal status of the Chagos Islands.<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://thecritic.co.uk/britain-should-stand-up-to-mauritius/ \|title=Britain should stand up to Mauritius \|last=Yuan \|first=Yi Zhu \|date=30 January 2024 \|website=The Critic \|access-date=6 October 2024 \|archive-date=7 October 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007194242/https://thecritic.co.uk/britain-should-stand-up-to-mauritius/ \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	In October 2024, the British government announced it would hand over sovereignty of the Chagos Islands to Mauritius subject to finalisation of a treaty.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c98ynejg4l5o \|title=UK will give sovereignty of Chagos Islands to Mauritius \|date=3 October 2024 \|website=BBC News \|publisher=BBC \|access-date=3 October 2024 \|last1=Harding \|first1=Andrew \|archive-date=3 October 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241003225136/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c98ynejg4l5o \|url-status=live }}</ref> Some Chagossians have criticised the deal for not having included the Chagossian community in the decision-making process.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cy78ejg71exo \|title=Chagossians criticise lack of say in UK deal to hand over islands \|date=3 October 2024 \|website=BBC News \|publisher=BBC \|access-date=6 October 2024\|last1=Davies\|first1=Maia\|last2=Hagan\|first2=Rachel}}</ref> On the same day former Maldivian President Mohamed Nasheed commented that the decision to transfer the Chagos Islands to Mauritius, despite the Maldives' claims, was unacceptable.<ref name="ceding Chagos">{{Cite web \|title=Nasheed says UK ceding Chagos to Mauritius unacceptable {{!}} Atoll Times \|url=https://atolltimes.mv/post/news/10035 \|access-date=2024-10-12 \|website=atolltimes.mv \|language=en \|archive-date=4 October 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241004060919/https://atolltimes.mv/post/news/10035 \|url-status=live }}</ref>		In October 2024, the British government announced it would hand over sovereignty of the Chagos Islands to Mauritius subject to finalisation of a treaty.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c98ynejg4l5o \|title=UK will give sovereignty of Chagos Islands to Mauritius \|date=3 October 2024 \|website=BBC News \|publisher=BBC \|access-date=3 October 2024 \|last1=Harding \|first1=Andrew \|archive-date=3 October 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241003225136/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c98ynejg4l5o \|url-status=live }}</ref> Some Chagossians have criticised the deal for not having included the Chagossian community in the decision-making process.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cy78ejg71exo \|title=Chagossians criticise lack of say in UK deal to hand over islands \|date=3 October 2024 \|website=BBC News \|publisher=BBC \|access-date=6 October 2024\|last1=Davies\|first1=Maia\|last2=Hagan\|first2=Rachel}}</ref> On the same day former Maldivian President [[Mohamed Nasheed]] commented that the decision to transfer the Chagos Islands to Mauritius, despite the Maldives' claims, was unacceptable.<ref name="ceding Chagos">{{Cite web \|title=Nasheed says UK ceding Chagos to Mauritius unacceptable {{!}} Atoll Times \|url=https://atolltimes.mv/post/news/10035 \|access-date=2024-10-12 \|website=atolltimes.mv \|language=en \|archive-date=4 October 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241004060919/https://atolltimes.mv/post/news/10035 \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	==Geography==		==Geography==

78.145.77.53: /* 2000–present */ resettlement study

2024-12-19T00:02:17Z

2000–present: resettlement study

← Previous revision		Revision as of 00:02, 19 December 2024
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	Litigation continued in 2012 regarding the right of return for the displaced islanders and Mauritian sovereignty claims. In addition, advocacy on the Chagossians' behalf continues both in the United States and in Europe. In 2018, Mauritius took the matter to the [[International Court of Justice]] for an advisory opinion, against British objections.<ref name="bully">{{Cite web \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-45300739 \|title=Chagos Islands dispute: UK 'threatened' Mauritius \|last=Harding \|first=Andrew \|date=27 August 2018 \|publisher=[[BBC]] \|access-date=27 August 2018 \|archive-date=27 August 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180827204839/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-45300739 \|url-status=live }}</ref>		Litigation continued in 2012 regarding the right of return for the displaced islanders and Mauritian sovereignty claims. In addition, advocacy on the Chagossians' behalf continues both in the United States and in Europe. In 2018, Mauritius took the matter to the [[International Court of Justice]] for an advisory opinion, against British objections.<ref name="bully">{{Cite web \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-45300739 \|title=Chagos Islands dispute: UK 'threatened' Mauritius \|last=Harding \|first=Andrew \|date=27 August 2018 \|publisher=[[BBC]] \|access-date=27 August 2018 \|archive-date=27 August 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180827204839/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-45300739 \|url-status=live }}</ref>

			In 2014, a Feasibility Study for the Resettlement of the British Indian Ocean Territory was undertaken by the UK Government by consultants from KPMG.

			The objectives of the study were to assess costs and sustainability of resettlement over five, ten, and twenty years, evaluate economic self-sufficiency, risks, and environmental implications, explore potential resettlement options ranging from small-scale pilot projects to larger-scale resettlements.

			A neutral analysis was undertaken, including consultations with the Chagossian community and environmental assessments.
			Options considered included modern lifestyles, subsistence living, eco-villages, and research stations.
			Legal, environmental, infrastructure, and economic aspects were analysed.

			Large-scale resettlement (1,500 people), medium-scale (500 people), and a pilot scheme (150 people) were proposed.
			Diego Garcia was a preferred location due to existing infrastructure, with Ile du Coin and Boddam also being provisional initial candidate sites.

			Chagossians expressed a strong preference for permanent resettlement, not temporary visits.
			They emphasized the need for modern living standards, environmental conservation, and access to UK-level education and healthcare.

			Most islands are low-lying and vulnerable to climate change, with varying suitability for habitation.
			Environmental protections and monitoring would be critical.

			Employment opportunities could include tourism, fishing, and environmental monitoring.
			High-end and eco-tourism were seen as potential revenue generators.

			Amendments to BIOT's legal framework would be required to facilitate resettlement.
			Governance models could draw from other small British Overseas Territories like Pitcairn and Ascension Island.<ref>https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/policy-review-of-resettlement-of-the-british-indian-ocean-territory</ref><ref>https://data.parliament.uk/DepositedPapers/Files/DEP2014-1543/Feasibility_Study_for_the_Resettlement_of_the_BIOT_Draft_Report.pdf</ref>

	In November 2016, the United Kingdom restated it would not permit Chagossians to return to the islands.<ref name="Guardian: Chagos islanders cannot return home">{{cite news\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/nov/16/chagos-islanders-cannot-return-home-uk-foreign-office-confirms\|title=Chagos islanders cannot return home, UK Foreign Office confirms\|first=Owen\|last=Bowcott\|date=16 November 2016\|access-date=26 August 2017\|newspaper=The Guardian\|archive-date=23 September 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923061810/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/nov/16/chagos-islanders-cannot-return-home-uk-foreign-office-confirms\|url-status=live}}</ref>		In November 2016, the United Kingdom restated it would not permit Chagossians to return to the islands.<ref name="Guardian: Chagos islanders cannot return home">{{cite news\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/nov/16/chagos-islanders-cannot-return-home-uk-foreign-office-confirms\|title=Chagos islanders cannot return home, UK Foreign Office confirms\|first=Owen\|last=Bowcott\|date=16 November 2016\|access-date=26 August 2017\|newspaper=The Guardian\|archive-date=23 September 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923061810/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/nov/16/chagos-islanders-cannot-return-home-uk-foreign-office-confirms\|url-status=live}}</ref>

Ecrm87: /* 16th to 19th century */

2024-12-09T01:21:56Z

16th to 19th century

← Previous revision		Revision as of 01:21, 9 December 2024
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	Moresby's charts were so good that they were favored by Maldivian pilots navigating through the treacherous waters of their atolls until the 1990s, when satellite images appeared. In the Maldives a channel locally also known as Hanikandu, between Northern Maalhosmadulhu Atoll and "Fasdhūtere" Atoll, is still known as 'Moresby Channel'.		Moresby's charts were so good that they were favored by Maldivian pilots navigating through the treacherous waters of their atolls until the 1990s, when satellite images appeared. In the Maldives a channel locally also known as Hanikandu, between Northern Maalhosmadulhu Atoll and "Fasdhūtere" Atoll, is still known as 'Moresby Channel'.

	The British [[Invasion of Ceylon\|expelled the Dutch from Ceylon]] in 1796 and included Maldives as a protected state. By the 1800s, the European Oriental Trade had expanded vastly, and since the Maldives straddles the trade routes from Europe and Africa to the East, surveying and charting the Maldivian seas became a most urgent international need. Therefore, when the ~~[[Admiralty (unitd Kingdom)\|~~British Admiralty]] survey of the Red Sea was completed in 1834, Commander Moresby was dispatched to the Maldives.		The British [[Invasion of Ceylon\|expelled the Dutch from Ceylon]] in 1796 and included Maldives as a protected state. By the 1800s, the European Oriental Trade had expanded vastly, and since the Maldives straddles the trade routes from Europe and Africa to the East, surveying and charting the Maldivian seas became a most urgent international need. Therefore, when the British Admiralty survey of the Red Sea was completed in 1834, Commander Moresby was dispatched to the Maldives.

	Moresby came to the Maldives in 1835 with special letters to the Radhun from the Governments of [[Bombay Presidency\|Bombay]] and [[British Ceylon\|Ceylon]]. The purpose of Commander Moresby's visit was to survey and chart the Maldivian seas for the British Admiralty. However, the Radhun viewed Moresby's visit with suspicion. Moresby was bearing a letter from the British government to the Radhun. The letter stated that the survey and charting the reefs, sand banks and the depths of the local seas would facilitate the movements of vessels calling at Male', and thereby increase and broaden the local overseas trade. However, when considered in a different perspective there were innumerable issues which could arise because of the British intentions. The reefs and the shallows of the Maldives was her first line of defense. The strategic importance of the topography of the Maldivian reefs, shallows, islands and the atolls of the country has been a closely guarded secret of the Maldivian militia for centuries.		Moresby came to the Maldives in 1835 with special letters to the Radhun from the Governments of [[Bombay Presidency\|Bombay]] and [[British Ceylon\|Ceylon]]. The purpose of Commander Moresby's visit was to survey and chart the Maldivian seas for the British Admiralty. However, the Radhun viewed Moresby's visit with suspicion. Moresby was bearing a letter from the British government to the Radhun. The letter stated that the survey and charting the reefs, sand banks and the depths of the local seas would facilitate the movements of vessels calling at Male', and thereby increase and broaden the local overseas trade. However, when considered in a different perspective there were innumerable issues which could arise because of the British intentions. The reefs and the shallows of the Maldives was her first line of defense. The strategic importance of the topography of the Maldivian reefs, shallows, islands and the atolls of the country has been a closely guarded secret of the Maldivian militia for centuries.

Ecrm87: /* 16th to 19th century */ link cleanup

2024-12-09T01:20:50Z

16th to 19th century: link cleanup

← Previous revision		Revision as of 01:20, 9 December 2024
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	The earliest and most interesting description of the Chagos, before coconut trees grew widely on the islands, was written by Manoel Rangel, a castaway from the Portuguese ship ''Conceição'' which ran aground on the Peros Banhos reefs in 1556.<ref>Bernardo Gomes de Brito. ''[[História trágico-marítima]]. Em que se escrevem chronologicamente os Naufragios que tiverao as Naos de Portugal, depois que se poz em exercicio a Navegaçao da India.'' Lisboa 1735</ref>		The earliest and most interesting description of the Chagos, before coconut trees grew widely on the islands, was written by Manoel Rangel, a castaway from the Portuguese ship ''Conceição'' which ran aground on the Peros Banhos reefs in 1556.<ref>Bernardo Gomes de Brito. ''[[História trágico-marítima]]. Em que se escrevem chronologicamente os Naufragios que tiverao as Naos de Portugal, depois que se poz em exercicio a Navegaçao da India.'' Lisboa 1735</ref>

	The oldest known written document claiming the Chagos is attributed to King Hassan IX of the Maldives in the year 1561.<ref name="Pyrard of Laval" /> The [[France\|French]] were the first European colonial power to lay claim to the Chagos after they settled Île Bourbon (now [[Réunion]], in 1665) and Isle de France (now Mauritius, in 1715). The French began issuing permits for companies to establish coconut oil plantations on the Chagos in the 1770s.<ref>{{cite web\|title=US-UK-Diego Garcia (1770–2004)\|url=http://www.historycommons.org/timeline.jsp?timeline=diego_garcia\|website=History Commons\|access-date=17 July 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101230022139/http://www.historycommons.org/timeline.jsp?timeline=diego_garcia\|archive-date=30 December 2010\|url-status=dead}}</ref>		The oldest known written document claiming the Chagos is attributed to King Hassan IX of the Maldives in the year 1561.<ref name="Pyrard of Laval" /> The [[Kingdom of France\|French]] were the first European colonial power to lay claim to the Chagos after they settled Île Bourbon (now [[Réunion]], in 1665) and [[Isle de France (Mauritius)\|Isle de France]] (now Mauritius, in 1715). The French began issuing permits for companies to establish coconut oil plantations on the Chagos in the 1770s.<ref>{{cite web\|title=US-UK-Diego Garcia (1770–2004)\|url=http://www.historycommons.org/timeline.jsp?timeline=diego_garcia\|website=History Commons\|access-date=17 July 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101230022139/http://www.historycommons.org/timeline.jsp?timeline=diego_garcia\|archive-date=30 December 2010\|url-status=dead}}</ref>

	On 27 April 1786 the Chagos Islands and Diego Garcia were claimed for [[Kingdom of Great Britain\|Great Britain]]. However, the territory was ceded to [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland\|Britain]] by treaty only after [[Napoleon]]'s defeat, in 1815. The Chagos were governed from Mauritius, which was by that time also a British colony.<ref>{{cite journal\|author1=Christian Nauvel\|title=A Return from Exile in Sight? The Chagossians and Their Struggle\|journal=Northwestern Journal of International Human Rights\|date=2007\|volume=5\|issue=1\|page=6\|url=http://www.law.northwestern.edu/journals/jihr/v5/n1/4/Nauvel.pdf\|access-date=17 July 2014\|archive-date=2 March 2011\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110302222704/http://www.law.northwestern.edu/journals/jihr/v5/n1/4/Nauvel.pdf\|url-status=dead}}</ref>		On 27 April 1786 the Chagos Islands and Diego Garcia were claimed for [[Kingdom of Great Britain\|Great Britain]]. However, the territory was ceded to [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland\|Britain]] by treaty only after [[Napoleon]]'s defeat, in 1815. The Chagos were governed from Mauritius, which was by that time also a British colony.<ref>{{cite journal\|author1=Christian Nauvel\|title=A Return from Exile in Sight? The Chagossians and Their Struggle\|journal=Northwestern Journal of International Human Rights\|date=2007\|volume=5\|issue=1\|page=6\|url=http://www.law.northwestern.edu/journals/jihr/v5/n1/4/Nauvel.pdf\|access-date=17 July 2014\|archive-date=2 March 2011\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110302222704/http://www.law.northwestern.edu/journals/jihr/v5/n1/4/Nauvel.pdf\|url-status=dead}}</ref>
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	'''Moresby's survey of the Atolls of the Maldives was followed by the Chagos Archipelago.(1854)'''		'''Moresby's survey of the Atolls of the Maldives was followed by the Chagos Archipelago.(1854)'''

	Robert Moresby (1794–1854) was a captain of the East India Company's Bombay Marine/Indian Navy who distinguished himself as a hydrographer, maritime surveyor and draughtsman. Moresby is best known for conducting the first modern survey of the Red Sea (1829–32).		Robert Moresby (1794–1854) was a captain of the [[East India Company]]'s Bombay Marine/Indian Navy who distinguished himself as a hydrographer, maritime surveyor and draughtsman. Moresby is best known for conducting the first modern survey of the Red Sea (1829–32).

	After the completion of the Red Sea Survey, Robert Moresby was sent to chart various coral island groups lying across the track of India-to-Cape trade. In 1834–36 Moresby, assisted by Lieutenants Christopher and Young, undertook the difficult cartography of the Maldive Islands, drawing the first accurate maritime charts of this complicated Indian Ocean atoll group (Admiralty Charts). These charts were printed as three separate large maps by the Hydrographic Service of the Royal Navy.		After the completion of the Red Sea Survey, Robert Moresby was sent to chart various coral island groups lying across the track of India-to-Cape trade. In 1834–36 Moresby, assisted by Lieutenants Christopher and Young, undertook the difficult cartography of the Maldive Islands, drawing the first accurate maritime charts of this complicated Indian Ocean atoll group (Admiralty Charts). These charts were printed as three separate large maps by the Hydrographic Service of the Royal Navy.
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	Moresby's charts were so good that they were favored by Maldivian pilots navigating through the treacherous waters of their atolls until the 1990s, when satellite images appeared. In the Maldives a channel locally also known as Hanikandu, between Northern Maalhosmadulhu Atoll and "Fasdhūtere" Atoll, is still known as 'Moresby Channel'.		Moresby's charts were so good that they were favored by Maldivian pilots navigating through the treacherous waters of their atolls until the 1990s, when satellite images appeared. In the Maldives a channel locally also known as Hanikandu, between Northern Maalhosmadulhu Atoll and "Fasdhūtere" Atoll, is still known as 'Moresby Channel'.

	The British expelled the Dutch from Ceylon in 1796 and included Maldives as a protected state. By the 1800s, the European Oriental Trade had expanded vastly, and since the Maldives straddles the trade routes from Europe and Africa to the East, surveying and charting the Maldivian seas became a most urgent international need. Therefore, when the British Admiralty survey of the Red Sea was completed in 1834, Commander Moresby was dispatched to the Maldives.		The British [[Invasion of Ceylon\|expelled the Dutch from Ceylon]] in 1796 and included Maldives as a protected state. By the 1800s, the European Oriental Trade had expanded vastly, and since the Maldives straddles the trade routes from Europe and Africa to the East, surveying and charting the Maldivian seas became a most urgent international need. Therefore, when the [[Admiralty (unitd Kingdom)\|British Admiralty]] survey of the Red Sea was completed in 1834, Commander Moresby was dispatched to the Maldives.

	Moresby came to the Maldives in 1835 with special letters to the Radhun from the Governments of Bombay and Ceylon. The purpose of Commander Moresby's visit was to survey and chart the Maldivian seas for the British Admiralty. However, the Radhun viewed Moresby's visit with suspicion. Moresby was bearing a letter from the British government to the Radhun. The letter stated that the survey and charting the reefs, sand banks and the depths of the local seas would facilitate the movements of vessels calling at Male', and thereby increase and broaden the local overseas trade. However, when considered in a different perspective there were innumerable issues which could arise because of the British intentions. The reefs and the shallows of the Maldives was her first line of defense. The strategic importance of the topography of the Maldivian reefs, shallows, islands and the atolls of the country has been a closely guarded secret of the Maldivian militia for centuries.		Moresby came to the Maldives in 1835 with special letters to the Radhun from the Governments of [[Bombay Presidency\|Bombay]] and [[British Ceylon\|Ceylon]]. The purpose of Commander Moresby's visit was to survey and chart the Maldivian seas for the British Admiralty. However, the Radhun viewed Moresby's visit with suspicion. Moresby was bearing a letter from the British government to the Radhun. The letter stated that the survey and charting the reefs, sand banks and the depths of the local seas would facilitate the movements of vessels calling at Male', and thereby increase and broaden the local overseas trade. However, when considered in a different perspective there were innumerable issues which could arise because of the British intentions. The reefs and the shallows of the Maldives was her first line of defense. The strategic importance of the topography of the Maldivian reefs, shallows, islands and the atolls of the country has been a closely guarded secret of the Maldivian militia for centuries.

	Therefore, if the Maldivian territory was to be charted by the British, this first line of the Maldivian defense system would become obsolete. Mueenuhdeen Radhun's defense system would have been made vulnerable. The Radhun worked to prevent Moresby from his survey work, as it represented a threat to the Radhun's throne. Furthermore, Moresby's inspection of the bastions of Male gave further threat to the Radhun, making the Radhun suspicious of the British intentions. The Radhun not only refused to cooperate with Commander Moresby, but also created all sorts of passive obstructions and Moresby left the Maldives with his intentions unfulfilled.		Therefore, if the Maldivian territory was to be charted by the British, this first line of the Maldivian defense system would become obsolete. Mueenuhdeen Radhun's defense system would have been made vulnerable. The Radhun worked to prevent Moresby from his survey work, as it represented a threat to the Radhun's throne. Furthermore, Moresby's inspection of the bastions of Male gave further threat to the Radhun, making the Radhun suspicious of the British intentions. The Radhun not only refused to cooperate with Commander Moresby, but also created all sorts of passive obstructions and Moresby left the Maldives with his intentions unfulfilled.

MarioGom: Undid revision 1260007773 by Nirkalmonei (talk); WP:REVERTBAN: Banned UPE sock

2024-12-08T19:24:48Z

Undid revision 1260007773 by Nirkalmonei (talk); WP:REVERTBAN: Banned UPE sock

← Previous revision		Revision as of 19:24, 8 December 2024
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	On 3 October 2024, the UK Government made a joint statement with the Mauritian government that they had negotiated for the sovereignty of the Chagos Islands following two years of negotiation whilst still enabling the running of the American military base on Diego Garcia, thereby ruling out the right of return of the Chagossians to that specific island.<ref>{{cite web \|title=UK and Mauritius joint statement, 3 October 2024 \|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/joint-statement-between-uk-and-mauritius-3-october-2024 \|website=GOV.UK \|language=en \|access-date=3 October 2024 \|archive-date=3 October 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241003100358/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/joint-statement-between-uk-and-mauritius-3-october-2024 \|url-status=live }}</ref> The deal has come under criticism as Chagossians were not involved in the negotiations.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=UK deal to hand over Chagos Islands criticised over lack of say for Chagossians \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cy78ejg71exo \|access-date=2024-10-05 \|website=www.bbc.com \|language=en-GB}}</ref> On the same day, former Maldivian President [[Mohamed Nasheed]] stated that the decision to hand over the Chagos Islands to Mauritius, despite the Maldives' claims, was unacceptable.<ref name="ceding Chagos" /> On 6 October 2024, the [[The Democrats (Maldives)\|Democrats Party]] of the Maldives expressed concern that Maldives President [[Mohamed Muizzu]]’s administration had not been making efforts to assert the Maldives' claim over the Chagos Archipelago, as promised in the presidential pledge.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=The Democrats raise concern for inactive Chagos reclamation works \|url=https://en.sun.mv/92389 \|access-date=2024-10-12 \|website=SunOnline International \|language=en}}</ref>		On 3 October 2024, the UK Government made a joint statement with the Mauritian government that they had negotiated for the sovereignty of the Chagos Islands following two years of negotiation whilst still enabling the running of the American military base on Diego Garcia, thereby ruling out the right of return of the Chagossians to that specific island.<ref>{{cite web \|title=UK and Mauritius joint statement, 3 October 2024 \|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/joint-statement-between-uk-and-mauritius-3-october-2024 \|website=GOV.UK \|language=en \|access-date=3 October 2024 \|archive-date=3 October 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241003100358/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/joint-statement-between-uk-and-mauritius-3-october-2024 \|url-status=live }}</ref> The deal has come under criticism as Chagossians were not involved in the negotiations.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=UK deal to hand over Chagos Islands criticised over lack of say for Chagossians \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cy78ejg71exo \|access-date=2024-10-05 \|website=www.bbc.com \|language=en-GB}}</ref> On the same day, former Maldivian President [[Mohamed Nasheed]] stated that the decision to hand over the Chagos Islands to Mauritius, despite the Maldives' claims, was unacceptable.<ref name="ceding Chagos" /> On 6 October 2024, the [[The Democrats (Maldives)\|Democrats Party]] of the Maldives expressed concern that Maldives President [[Mohamed Muizzu]]’s administration had not been making efforts to assert the Maldives' claim over the Chagos Archipelago, as promised in the presidential pledge.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=The Democrats raise concern for inactive Chagos reclamation works \|url=https://en.sun.mv/92389 \|access-date=2024-10-12 \|website=SunOnline International \|language=en}}</ref>

	In November 2024, [[David Lammy]] downplayed criticism from [[Navinchandra Ramgoolam]] and the Trump administration regarding a deal to cede control of the Chagos Islands to Mauritius. Ramgoolam expressed doubts after meeting with [[Jonathan Powell (civil servant)\|Jonathan Powell]]. Critics, including [[Nigel Farage]], warned that the deal could harm UK-US relations, particularly with President-elect Trump, due to concerns over China's growing influence. Lammy defended the deal, emphasizing its importance for UK national security and the continued presence of the military base. He expressed confidence that Mauritius would eventually support the agreement despite political opposition.<ref>{{cite news\|last=McGarvey \|first=Emily \|title=Lammy plays down criticism of Chagos Islands deal \|date=28 November 2024 \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/crlnygw1zy1o \|website=BBC News \|access-date=28 November 2024}}</ref>

	==Development==		==Development==