Hamas - Revision history

Raskolnikov.Rev at 13:09, 31 December 2024

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	In 2008, Hamas leader [[Khaled Mashal]], offered that Hamas would attack only military targets if the IDF would stop causing the deaths of Palestinian civilians.<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609190105/http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-date=June 9, 2008 \|title=Mashaal offers to cease civilian attacks \|access-date=June 1, 2016}} March 31, 2008, ''The Jerusalem Post''</ref> Following a June 19, 2008, ceasefire, the al-Qassam Brigades ended its rocket attacks and arrested Fatah militants in Gaza who had continued sporadic rocket and mortar attacks against Israel. The al-Qassam Brigades resumed the attacks after the November 4 Israeli incursion into Gaza.<ref name="ITIC"/><ref name="ynetnews.com"/>[[File:Nova_massacre_dashcam.jpg\|thumb\|The 2023 [[Re'im music festival massacre]] left 364 people dead with many others wounded or taken hostage]]		In 2008, Hamas leader [[Khaled Mashal]], offered that Hamas would attack only military targets if the IDF would stop causing the deaths of Palestinian civilians.<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609190105/http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-date=June 9, 2008 \|title=Mashaal offers to cease civilian attacks \|access-date=June 1, 2016}} March 31, 2008, ''The Jerusalem Post''</ref> Following a June 19, 2008, ceasefire, the al-Qassam Brigades ended its rocket attacks and arrested Fatah militants in Gaza who had continued sporadic rocket and mortar attacks against Israel. The al-Qassam Brigades resumed the attacks after the November 4 Israeli incursion into Gaza.<ref name="ITIC"/><ref name="ynetnews.com"/>[[File:Nova_massacre_dashcam.jpg\|thumb\|The 2023 [[Re'im music festival massacre]] left 364 people dead with many others wounded or taken hostage]]
	During the [[2023 Hamas attack on Israel]], Hamas infiltrated homes, shot civilians en masse, and took scores of Israeli civilians and soldiers as hostages into Gaza.<ref name=":2">{{cite web \|last=Debre \|first=Isabel \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Israeli hostage crisis in Hamas-ruled Gaza becomes a political trap for Netanyahu \|url=https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014211944/https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=AP News}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite web \|last1=Gold \|first1=Hadas \|last2=Murphy \|first2=Paul P. \|last3=Salma \|first3=Abeer \|last4=Dahman \|first4=Ibrahim \|last5=Khadder \|first5=Kareem \|last6=Mezzofiore \|first6=Gianluca \|last7=Goodwin \|first7=Allegra \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Hamas captures hostages as Israelis share photos of those missing \|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014210614/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=CNN}}</ref> According to [[Human Rights Watch]], the deliberate targeting of civilians, indiscriminate attacks, and taking of civilians as hostages amount to [[war crime]]s under international humanitarian law.<ref>{{cite web \|date=9 October 2023 \|title=Israel/Palestine: Devastating Civilian Toll as Parties Flout Legal Obligations \|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009202840/https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|archive-date=9 October 2023 \|website=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}</ref> During its October 2023 offensive against Israel, Hamas massacred 364 people at the [[Re'im music festival massacre\|Re'im music festival]], while abucting others.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/death-count-from-massacre-at-reim-music-festival-reportedly-updated-to-364-a-third-of-oct-7-deaths/\|title=Death count from Re'im music festival massacre reportedly updated to 364 — a third of Oct. 7 fatalities\|work=The Times of Israel\|date=17 November 2023\|access-date=20 November 2023}}</ref><ref name="Morris2023">{{Cite news \|last1=Morris \|first1=Loveday \|last2=Piper \|first2=Imogen \|last3=Sohyun Lee \|first3=Joyce \|last4=George \|first4=Susannah \|date=8 October 2023 \|title=How a night of dancing and revelry in Israel turned into a massacre \|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|url-status=live \|access-date=8 October 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008200354/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|archive-date=8 October 2023}}</ref> During the same offensive, it also was reported that Hamas had massacred the population of the [[Kfar Aza]] kibbutz.<ref>{{cite news \|last=Lubell \|first=Maayan \|date=October 10, 2023 \|title=Bodies of residents and militants lie in the grounds of ravaged Israeli kibbutz \|publisher=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/bodies-residents-militants-lie-grounds-ravaged-israeli-kibbutz-2023-10-10/ \|access-date=October 10, 2023}}</ref> About 10 percent of the residents of the [[Be'eri]] kibbutz were killed.<ref>{{cite news \|title=10 Percent of Kibbutz Population Found Dead After Hamas Massacre in Southern Israel \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-10-10/ty-article/.premium/10-percent-of-kibbutz-population-found-dead-after-hamas-massacre-in-southern-israel/0000018b-191c-df31-a99f-7ddf54fa0000 \|work=Haaretz \|date=10 October 2023}}</ref> Hamas militants attacked the [[Psyduck music festival massacre\|Psyduck festival]], that took place near kibutz Nir Oz, killing 17 [[Israelis\|Israeli]] partygoers.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Ntieb \|first=Arnold \|date=2023-10-10 \|title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה \|trans-title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה Not only in Re'im: The participants of the other southern festival who did not come back \|url=https://www.maariv.co.il/news/military/Article-1043995 \|access-date=2023-12-20 \|website=maariv \|language=he}}</ref> Video footage shows children being deliberately killed during the kibbutz attacks,<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Carroll \|first=Rory \|date=2023-10-23 \|title=Israel shows footage of Hamas killings 'to counter denial of atrocities' \|language=en-GB \|work=The Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/23/israel-shows-footage-of-hamas-killings-to-counter-denial-of-atrocities \|access-date=2023-10-26 \|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> as well as what appears to be an attempt to decapitate a living person using a garden hoe.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=23 October 2023 \|title=Israel shows Hamas bodycam attack footage to journalists \|language=en-GB \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67198270 \|access-date=26 October 2023}}</ref> Forensic teams who examined bodies of victims said many bodies showed signs of torture as well as [[Sexual and gender-based violence in the 7 October Hamas-led attack on Israel\|sexual and gender-based violence]], and testimonies to this effect were also collected by Israeli police.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-11-25 \|title=Israel investigates an elusive, horrific enemy: Rape as a weapon of war \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/25/israel-hamas-rape-sexual-violence/ \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|newspaper=Washington Post \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=The Scope of Hamas' Campaign of Rape Against Israeli Women Is Revealed, Testimony After Testimony \|language=en \|work=Haaretz \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-30/ty-article-magazine/.highlight/hamas-campaign-of-rape-against-israeli-women-is-revealed-testimony-after-testimony/0000018c-2144-da36-a1de-6767dac90000 \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-10-15 \|title=Israeli forensic teams describe signs of torture, abuse \|language=en \|work=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israeli-forensic-teams-describe-signs-torture-abuse-2023-10-15/ \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=Israeli Police Collect Eyewitness Testimony of Gang Rape During Hamas Attack \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-08/ty-article/israeli-police-collect-eyewitness-testimony-of-gang-rape-during-hamas-attack/0000018b-b025-d3c1-a39b-bee5ef400000 \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|work=Haaretz \|language=en}}</ref> Haaretz later reported that forensic pathologists who examined bodies of the victims taken the Shura Base for identification found "no signs on any of those bodies attesting to sexual relations having taken place or of mutilation of genitalia." Not all bodies could be fully examined given the lack of forensic pathologists, and for some conclusions could not be drawn given their deteriorated state.<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Rozovsky \|first=Liza \|date=18 April 2024 \|title=15 Witnesses, Three Confessions, a Pattern of Naked Dead Bodies. All the Evidence of Hamas Rape on October 7 \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2024-04-18/ty-article-magazine/witnesses-confessions-naked-dead-bodies-all-the-evidence-of-hamas-rape-on-oct-7/0000018e-f114-d92e-abfe-f77f7e3f0000 \|access-date=28 November 2024 \|work=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref> Israeli forensic pathologists in charge of the process clarified later that all bodies had been examined, and some were disfigured or burned.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Mor \|first=Zohar \|last2=Kugel \|first2=Chen \|last3=Mizrahi \|first3=Hagar \|last4=Kaliner \|first4=Ehud \|date=November 2024 \|title=Mass killing during terror attack at the Israel-Gaza border and the role of the Ministry of Health in identification of human remains and their release \|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39128201/ \|journal=Forensic Science International \|volume=363 \|pages=1 \|doi=10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112188 \|issn=1872-6283 \|pmid=39128201 \|quote=Bodies were delivered to a central mortuary. Each body was coded and undressed for external inspection and documentation of physical elements... Whole-body CT was performed in cases the bodies were disfigured or burned from the second week}}</ref> Some of the testimonies were later proven to be false.<ref>{{cite news \|last1=Grim \|first1=Ryan \|last2=Boguslaw \|first2=Daniel \|last3=Scahill \|first3=Jeremy \|date=29 February 2024 \|title=Between the Hammer and the Anvil: The Story Behind the New York Times October 7 Exposé \|url=https://theintercept.com/2024/02/28/new-york-times-anat-schwartz-october-7/ \|archive-url= \|archive-date= \|access-date=1 April 2024 \|work=[[The Intercept]]}}</ref><ref name="beri-false">{{cite news \|last1=Grim \|first1=Jeremy \|last2=Scahil \|first2=Ryan \|date=4 March 2024 \|title=Kibbutz Be'eri Rejects Story in New York Times October 7 Exposé: "They Were Not Sexually Abused" \|url=https://theintercept.com/2024/03/04/nyt-october-7-sexual-violence-kibbutz-beeri/?utm_medium=email&utm_source=The%20Intercept%20Newsletter \|archive-url= \|archive-date= \|access-date=7 March 2024 \|work=[[The Intercept]]}}</ref><ref name=":27">{{Cite news \|date=22 May 2024 \|title=How 2 debunked accounts of sexual violence on Oct. 7 fueled a global dispute over Israel-Hamas war \|url=https://apnews.com/article/israel-hamas-war-sexual-violence-zaka-ca7905bf9520b1e646f86d72cdf03244 \|archive-url= \|archive-date= \|access-date=25 August 2024 \|work=[[AP News]] \|language=en}}</ref> Detailed reports by the UN and ~~the~~ ''[[The Times]]'' concluded that Israel's claims about the scale and formally sanctioned, systematic nature of sexual assaults did not stand up to scrutiny.<ref name="auto2">{{cite web \|title=Mission report - Official visit of the Office of the SRSG-SVC to Israel and the occupied West Bank 29 January – 14 February 2024 \|url=https://www.un.org/sexualviolenceinconflict/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/report/mission-report-official-visit-of-the-office-of-the-srsg-svc-to-israel-and-the-occupied-west-bank-29-january-14-february-2024/20240304-Israel-oWB-CRSV-report.pdf \|archive-url= \|archive-date= \|access-date=5 March 2024 \|publisher=United Nations Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict}}</ref><ref name="OHCHR3">{{cite report \|url=https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/sessions-regular/session56/a-hrc-56-26-auv.docx \|title=Report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and Israel \|author=Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory \|date=12 June 2024 \|publisher=Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights \|access-date=23 August 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240829134953/https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/sessions-regular/session56/a-hrc-56-26-auv.docx \|archive-date=29 August 2024 \|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Weiniger">{{Cite web \|last1=Philp \|first1=Catherine \|last2=Weiniger \|first2=Gabrielle \|date=7 June 2024 \|title=Israel says Hamas weaponised rape. Does the evidence add up? \|url=https://www.thetimes.com/magazines/the-times-magazine/article/israel-hamas-rape-investigation-evidence-october-7-6kzphszsj \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241008030639/https://www.thetimes.com/magazines/the-times-magazine/article/israel-hamas-rape-investigation-evidence-october-7-6kzphszsj \|archive-date=8 October 2024 \|access-date=11 August 2024 \|website=[[The Times]]}}</ref>		During the [[2023 Hamas attack on Israel]], Hamas infiltrated homes, shot civilians en masse, and took scores of Israeli civilians and soldiers as hostages into Gaza.<ref name=":2">{{cite web \|last=Debre \|first=Isabel \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Israeli hostage crisis in Hamas-ruled Gaza becomes a political trap for Netanyahu \|url=https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014211944/https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=AP News}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite web \|last1=Gold \|first1=Hadas \|last2=Murphy \|first2=Paul P. \|last3=Salma \|first3=Abeer \|last4=Dahman \|first4=Ibrahim \|last5=Khadder \|first5=Kareem \|last6=Mezzofiore \|first6=Gianluca \|last7=Goodwin \|first7=Allegra \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Hamas captures hostages as Israelis share photos of those missing \|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014210614/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=CNN}}</ref> According to [[Human Rights Watch]], the deliberate targeting of civilians, indiscriminate attacks, and taking of civilians as hostages amount to [[war crime]]s under international humanitarian law.<ref>{{cite web \|date=9 October 2023 \|title=Israel/Palestine: Devastating Civilian Toll as Parties Flout Legal Obligations \|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009202840/https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|archive-date=9 October 2023 \|website=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}</ref> During its October 2023 offensive against Israel, Hamas massacred 364 people at the [[Re'im music festival massacre\|Re'im music festival]], while abucting others.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/death-count-from-massacre-at-reim-music-festival-reportedly-updated-to-364-a-third-of-oct-7-deaths/\|title=Death count from Re'im music festival massacre reportedly updated to 364 — a third of Oct. 7 fatalities\|work=The Times of Israel\|date=17 November 2023\|access-date=20 November 2023}}</ref><ref name="Morris2023">{{Cite news \|last1=Morris \|first1=Loveday \|last2=Piper \|first2=Imogen \|last3=Sohyun Lee \|first3=Joyce \|last4=George \|first4=Susannah \|date=8 October 2023 \|title=How a night of dancing and revelry in Israel turned into a massacre \|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|url-status=live \|access-date=8 October 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008200354/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|archive-date=8 October 2023}}</ref> During the same offensive, it also was reported that Hamas had massacred the population of the [[Kfar Aza]] kibbutz.<ref>{{cite news \|last=Lubell \|first=Maayan \|date=October 10, 2023 \|title=Bodies of residents and militants lie in the grounds of ravaged Israeli kibbutz \|publisher=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/bodies-residents-militants-lie-grounds-ravaged-israeli-kibbutz-2023-10-10/ \|access-date=October 10, 2023}}</ref> About 10 percent of the residents of the [[Be'eri]] kibbutz were killed.<ref>{{cite news \|title=10 Percent of Kibbutz Population Found Dead After Hamas Massacre in Southern Israel \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-10-10/ty-article/.premium/10-percent-of-kibbutz-population-found-dead-after-hamas-massacre-in-southern-israel/0000018b-191c-df31-a99f-7ddf54fa0000 \|work=Haaretz \|date=10 October 2023}}</ref> Hamas militants attacked the [[Psyduck music festival massacre\|Psyduck festival]], that took place near kibutz Nir Oz, killing 17 [[Israelis\|Israeli]] partygoers.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Ntieb \|first=Arnold \|date=2023-10-10 \|title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה \|trans-title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה Not only in Re'im: The participants of the other southern festival who did not come back \|url=https://www.maariv.co.il/news/military/Article-1043995 \|access-date=2023-12-20 \|website=maariv \|language=he}}</ref> Video footage shows children being deliberately killed during the kibbutz attacks,<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Carroll \|first=Rory \|date=2023-10-23 \|title=Israel shows footage of Hamas killings 'to counter denial of atrocities' \|language=en-GB \|work=The Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/23/israel-shows-footage-of-hamas-killings-to-counter-denial-of-atrocities \|access-date=2023-10-26 \|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> as well as what appears to be an attempt to decapitate a living person using a garden hoe.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=23 October 2023 \|title=Israel shows Hamas bodycam attack footage to journalists \|language=en-GB \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67198270 \|access-date=26 October 2023}}</ref> Forensic teams who examined bodies of victims said many bodies showed signs of torture as well as [[Sexual and gender-based violence in the 7 October Hamas-led attack on Israel\|sexual and gender-based violence]], and testimonies to this effect were also collected by Israeli police.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-11-25 \|title=Israel investigates an elusive, horrific enemy: Rape as a weapon of war \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/25/israel-hamas-rape-sexual-violence/ \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|newspaper=Washington Post \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=The Scope of Hamas' Campaign of Rape Against Israeli Women Is Revealed, Testimony After Testimony \|language=en \|work=Haaretz \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-30/ty-article-magazine/.highlight/hamas-campaign-of-rape-against-israeli-women-is-revealed-testimony-after-testimony/0000018c-2144-da36-a1de-6767dac90000 \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-10-15 \|title=Israeli forensic teams describe signs of torture, abuse \|language=en \|work=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israeli-forensic-teams-describe-signs-torture-abuse-2023-10-15/ \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=Israeli Police Collect Eyewitness Testimony of Gang Rape During Hamas Attack \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-08/ty-article/israeli-police-collect-eyewitness-testimony-of-gang-rape-during-hamas-attack/0000018b-b025-d3c1-a39b-bee5ef400000 \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|work=Haaretz \|language=en}}</ref> Haaretz later reported that forensic pathologists who examined bodies of the victims taken the Shura Base for identification found "no signs on any of those bodies attesting to sexual relations having taken place or of mutilation of genitalia." Not all bodies could be fully examined given the lack of forensic pathologists, and for some conclusions could not be drawn given their deteriorated state.<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Rozovsky \|first=Liza \|date=18 April 2024 \|title=15 Witnesses, Three Confessions, a Pattern of Naked Dead Bodies. All the Evidence of Hamas Rape on October 7 \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2024-04-18/ty-article-magazine/witnesses-confessions-naked-dead-bodies-all-the-evidence-of-hamas-rape-on-oct-7/0000018e-f114-d92e-abfe-f77f7e3f0000 \|access-date=28 November 2024 \|work=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref> Israeli forensic pathologists in charge of the process clarified later that all bodies had been examined, and some were disfigured or burned.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Mor \|first=Zohar \|last2=Kugel \|first2=Chen \|last3=Mizrahi \|first3=Hagar \|last4=Kaliner \|first4=Ehud \|date=November 2024 \|title=Mass killing during terror attack at the Israel-Gaza border and the role of the Ministry of Health in identification of human remains and their release \|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39128201/ \|journal=Forensic Science International \|volume=363 \|pages=1 \|doi=10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112188 \|issn=1872-6283 \|pmid=39128201 \|quote=Bodies were delivered to a central mortuary. Each body was coded and undressed for external inspection and documentation of physical elements... Whole-body CT was performed in cases the bodies were disfigured or burned from the second week}}</ref> Some of the testimonies were later proven to be false.<ref>{{cite news \|last1=Grim \|first1=Ryan \|last2=Boguslaw \|first2=Daniel \|last3=Scahill \|first3=Jeremy \|date=29 February 2024 \|title=Between the Hammer and the Anvil: The Story Behind the New York Times October 7 Exposé \|url=https://theintercept.com/2024/02/28/new-york-times-anat-schwartz-october-7/ \|archive-url= \|archive-date= \|access-date=1 April 2024 \|work=[[The Intercept]]}}</ref><ref name="beri-false">{{cite news \|last1=Grim \|first1=Jeremy \|last2=Scahil \|first2=Ryan \|date=4 March 2024 \|title=Kibbutz Be'eri Rejects Story in New York Times October 7 Exposé: "They Were Not Sexually Abused" \|url=https://theintercept.com/2024/03/04/nyt-october-7-sexual-violence-kibbutz-beeri/?utm_medium=email&utm_source=The%20Intercept%20Newsletter \|archive-url= \|archive-date= \|access-date=7 March 2024 \|work=[[The Intercept]]}}</ref><ref name=":27">{{Cite news \|date=22 May 2024 \|title=How 2 debunked accounts of sexual violence on Oct. 7 fueled a global dispute over Israel-Hamas war \|url=https://apnews.com/article/israel-hamas-war-sexual-violence-zaka-ca7905bf9520b1e646f86d72cdf03244 \|archive-url= \|archive-date= \|access-date=25 August 2024 \|work=[[AP News]] \|language=en}}</ref> Detailed reports by the UN and ''[[The Times]]'' concluded that Israel's claims about the scale and formally sanctioned, systematic nature of sexual assaults did not stand up to scrutiny.<ref name="auto2">{{cite web \|title=Mission report - Official visit of the Office of the SRSG-SVC to Israel and the occupied West Bank 29 January – 14 February 2024 \|url=https://www.un.org/sexualviolenceinconflict/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/report/mission-report-official-visit-of-the-office-of-the-srsg-svc-to-israel-and-the-occupied-west-bank-29-january-14-february-2024/20240304-Israel-oWB-CRSV-report.pdf \|archive-url= \|archive-date= \|access-date=5 March 2024 \|publisher=United Nations Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict}}</ref><ref name="OHCHR3">{{cite report \|url=https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/sessions-regular/session56/a-hrc-56-26-auv.docx \|title=Report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and Israel \|author=Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory \|date=12 June 2024 \|publisher=Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights \|access-date=23 August 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240829134953/https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/sessions-regular/session56/a-hrc-56-26-auv.docx \|archive-date=29 August 2024 \|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Weiniger">{{Cite web \|last1=Philp \|first1=Catherine \|last2=Weiniger \|first2=Gabrielle \|date=7 June 2024 \|title=Israel says Hamas weaponised rape. Does the evidence add up? \|url=https://www.thetimes.com/magazines/the-times-magazine/article/israel-hamas-rape-investigation-evidence-october-7-6kzphszsj \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241008030639/https://www.thetimes.com/magazines/the-times-magazine/article/israel-hamas-rape-investigation-evidence-october-7-6kzphszsj \|archive-date=8 October 2024 \|access-date=11 August 2024 \|website=[[The Times]]}}</ref>

	===Rocket attacks on Israel===		===Rocket attacks on Israel===

Raskolnikov.Rev: Added important RS information and sources

2024-12-31T13:07:57Z

Added important RS information and sources

← Previous revision		Revision as of 13:07, 31 December 2024
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	In 2008, Hamas leader [[Khaled Mashal]], offered that Hamas would attack only military targets if the IDF would stop causing the deaths of Palestinian civilians.<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609190105/http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-date=June 9, 2008 \|title=Mashaal offers to cease civilian attacks \|access-date=June 1, 2016}} March 31, 2008, ''The Jerusalem Post''</ref> Following a June 19, 2008, ceasefire, the al-Qassam Brigades ended its rocket attacks and arrested Fatah militants in Gaza who had continued sporadic rocket and mortar attacks against Israel. The al-Qassam Brigades resumed the attacks after the November 4 Israeli incursion into Gaza.<ref name="ITIC"/><ref name="ynetnews.com"/>[[File:Nova_massacre_dashcam.jpg\|thumb\|The 2023 [[Re'im music festival massacre]] left 364 people dead with many others wounded or taken hostage]]		In 2008, Hamas leader [[Khaled Mashal]], offered that Hamas would attack only military targets if the IDF would stop causing the deaths of Palestinian civilians.<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609190105/http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-date=June 9, 2008 \|title=Mashaal offers to cease civilian attacks \|access-date=June 1, 2016}} March 31, 2008, ''The Jerusalem Post''</ref> Following a June 19, 2008, ceasefire, the al-Qassam Brigades ended its rocket attacks and arrested Fatah militants in Gaza who had continued sporadic rocket and mortar attacks against Israel. The al-Qassam Brigades resumed the attacks after the November 4 Israeli incursion into Gaza.<ref name="ITIC"/><ref name="ynetnews.com"/>[[File:Nova_massacre_dashcam.jpg\|thumb\|The 2023 [[Re'im music festival massacre]] left 364 people dead with many others wounded or taken hostage]]
	During the [[2023 Hamas attack on Israel]], Hamas infiltrated homes, shot civilians en masse, and took scores of Israeli civilians and soldiers as hostages into Gaza.<ref name=":2">{{cite web \|last=Debre \|first=Isabel \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Israeli hostage crisis in Hamas-ruled Gaza becomes a political trap for Netanyahu \|url=https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014211944/https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=AP News}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite web \|last1=Gold \|first1=Hadas \|last2=Murphy \|first2=Paul P. \|last3=Salma \|first3=Abeer \|last4=Dahman \|first4=Ibrahim \|last5=Khadder \|first5=Kareem \|last6=Mezzofiore \|first6=Gianluca \|last7=Goodwin \|first7=Allegra \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Hamas captures hostages as Israelis share photos of those missing \|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014210614/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=CNN}}</ref> According to [[Human Rights Watch]], the deliberate targeting of civilians, indiscriminate attacks, and taking of civilians as hostages amount to [[war crime]]s under international humanitarian law.<ref>{{cite web \|date=9 October 2023 \|title=Israel/Palestine: Devastating Civilian Toll as Parties Flout Legal Obligations \|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009202840/https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|archive-date=9 October 2023 \|website=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}</ref> During its October 2023 offensive against Israel, Hamas massacred 364 people at the [[Re'im music festival massacre\|Re'im music festival]], while abucting others.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/death-count-from-massacre-at-reim-music-festival-reportedly-updated-to-364-a-third-of-oct-7-deaths/\|title=Death count from Re'im music festival massacre reportedly updated to 364 — a third of Oct. 7 fatalities\|work=The Times of Israel\|date=17 November 2023\|access-date=20 November 2023}}</ref><ref name="Morris2023">{{Cite news \|last1=Morris \|first1=Loveday \|last2=Piper \|first2=Imogen \|last3=Sohyun Lee \|first3=Joyce \|last4=George \|first4=Susannah \|date=8 October 2023 \|title=How a night of dancing and revelry in Israel turned into a massacre \|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|url-status=live \|access-date=8 October 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008200354/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|archive-date=8 October 2023}}</ref> During the same offensive, it also was reported that Hamas had massacred the population of the [[Kfar Aza]] kibbutz.<ref>{{cite news \|last=Lubell \|first=Maayan \|date=October 10, 2023 \|title=Bodies of residents and militants lie in the grounds of ravaged Israeli kibbutz \|publisher=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/bodies-residents-militants-lie-grounds-ravaged-israeli-kibbutz-2023-10-10/ \|access-date=October 10, 2023}}</ref> About 10 percent of the residents of the [[Be'eri]] kibbutz were killed.<ref>{{cite news \|title=10 Percent of Kibbutz Population Found Dead After Hamas Massacre in Southern Israel \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-10-10/ty-article/.premium/10-percent-of-kibbutz-population-found-dead-after-hamas-massacre-in-southern-israel/0000018b-191c-df31-a99f-7ddf54fa0000 \|work=Haaretz \|date=10 October 2023}}</ref> Hamas militants attacked the [[Psyduck music festival massacre\|Psyduck festival]], that took place near kibutz Nir Oz, killing 17 [[Israelis\|Israeli]] partygoers.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Ntieb \|first=Arnold \|date=2023-10-10 \|title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה \|trans-title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה Not only in Re'im: The participants of the other southern festival who did not come back \|url=https://www.maariv.co.il/news/military/Article-1043995 \|access-date=2023-12-20 \|website=maariv \|language=he}}</ref> Video footage shows children being deliberately killed during the kibbutz attacks,<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Carroll \|first=Rory \|date=2023-10-23 \|title=Israel shows footage of Hamas killings 'to counter denial of atrocities' \|language=en-GB \|work=The Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/23/israel-shows-footage-of-hamas-killings-to-counter-denial-of-atrocities \|access-date=2023-10-26 \|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> as well as what appears to be an attempt to decapitate a living person using a garden hoe.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=23 October 2023 \|title=Israel shows Hamas bodycam attack footage to journalists \|language=en-GB \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67198270 \|access-date=26 October 2023}}</ref> Forensic teams who examined bodies of victims said many bodies showed signs of torture as well as [[Sexual and gender-based violence in the 7 October Hamas-led attack on Israel\|sexual and gender-based violence]], and testimonies to this effect were also collected by Israeli police.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-11-25 \|title=Israel investigates an elusive, horrific enemy: Rape as a weapon of war \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/25/israel-hamas-rape-sexual-violence/ \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|newspaper=Washington Post \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=The Scope of Hamas' Campaign of Rape Against Israeli Women Is Revealed, Testimony After Testimony \|language=en \|work=Haaretz \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-30/ty-article-magazine/.highlight/hamas-campaign-of-rape-against-israeli-women-is-revealed-testimony-after-testimony/0000018c-2144-da36-a1de-6767dac90000 \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-10-15 \|title=Israeli forensic teams describe signs of torture, abuse \|language=en \|work=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israeli-forensic-teams-describe-signs-torture-abuse-2023-10-15/ \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=Israeli Police Collect Eyewitness Testimony of Gang Rape During Hamas Attack \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-08/ty-article/israeli-police-collect-eyewitness-testimony-of-gang-rape-during-hamas-attack/0000018b-b025-d3c1-a39b-bee5ef400000 \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|work=Haaretz \|language=en}}</ref> Haaretz later reported that forensic pathologists who examined bodies of the victims taken the Shura Base for identification found "no signs on any of those bodies attesting to sexual relations having taken place or of mutilation of genitalia." Not all bodies could be fully examined given the lack of forensic pathologists, and for some conclusions could not be drawn given their deteriorated state.<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Rozovsky \|first=Liza \|date=18 April 2024 \|title=15 Witnesses, Three Confessions, a Pattern of Naked Dead Bodies. All the Evidence of Hamas Rape on October 7 \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2024-04-18/ty-article-magazine/witnesses-confessions-naked-dead-bodies-all-the-evidence-of-hamas-rape-on-oct-7/0000018e-f114-d92e-abfe-f77f7e3f0000 \|access-date=28 November 2024 \|work=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref> Israeli forensic pathologists in charge of the process clarified that all bodies had been examined, and some were disfigured or burned.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Mor \|first=Zohar \|last2=Kugel \|first2=Chen \|last3=Mizrahi \|first3=Hagar \|last4=Kaliner \|first4=Ehud \|date=November 2024 \|title=Mass killing during terror attack at the Israel-Gaza border and the role of the Ministry of Health in identification of human remains and their release \|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39128201/ \|journal=Forensic Science International \|volume=363 \|pages=1 \|doi=10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112188 \|issn=1872-6283 \|pmid=39128201 \|quote=Bodies were delivered to a central mortuary. Each body was coded and undressed for external inspection and documentation of physical elements... Whole-body CT was performed in cases the bodies were disfigured or burned from the second week}}</ref>		During the [[2023 Hamas attack on Israel]], Hamas infiltrated homes, shot civilians en masse, and took scores of Israeli civilians and soldiers as hostages into Gaza.<ref name=":2">{{cite web \|last=Debre \|first=Isabel \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Israeli hostage crisis in Hamas-ruled Gaza becomes a political trap for Netanyahu \|url=https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014211944/https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=AP News}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite web \|last1=Gold \|first1=Hadas \|last2=Murphy \|first2=Paul P. \|last3=Salma \|first3=Abeer \|last4=Dahman \|first4=Ibrahim \|last5=Khadder \|first5=Kareem \|last6=Mezzofiore \|first6=Gianluca \|last7=Goodwin \|first7=Allegra \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Hamas captures hostages as Israelis share photos of those missing \|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014210614/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=CNN}}</ref> According to [[Human Rights Watch]], the deliberate targeting of civilians, indiscriminate attacks, and taking of civilians as hostages amount to [[war crime]]s under international humanitarian law.<ref>{{cite web \|date=9 October 2023 \|title=Israel/Palestine: Devastating Civilian Toll as Parties Flout Legal Obligations \|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009202840/https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|archive-date=9 October 2023 \|website=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}</ref> During its October 2023 offensive against Israel, Hamas massacred 364 people at the [[Re'im music festival massacre\|Re'im music festival]], while abucting others.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/death-count-from-massacre-at-reim-music-festival-reportedly-updated-to-364-a-third-of-oct-7-deaths/\|title=Death count from Re'im music festival massacre reportedly updated to 364 — a third of Oct. 7 fatalities\|work=The Times of Israel\|date=17 November 2023\|access-date=20 November 2023}}</ref><ref name="Morris2023">{{Cite news \|last1=Morris \|first1=Loveday \|last2=Piper \|first2=Imogen \|last3=Sohyun Lee \|first3=Joyce \|last4=George \|first4=Susannah \|date=8 October 2023 \|title=How a night of dancing and revelry in Israel turned into a massacre \|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|url-status=live \|access-date=8 October 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008200354/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|archive-date=8 October 2023}}</ref> During the same offensive, it also was reported that Hamas had massacred the population of the [[Kfar Aza]] kibbutz.<ref>{{cite news \|last=Lubell \|first=Maayan \|date=October 10, 2023 \|title=Bodies of residents and militants lie in the grounds of ravaged Israeli kibbutz \|publisher=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/bodies-residents-militants-lie-grounds-ravaged-israeli-kibbutz-2023-10-10/ \|access-date=October 10, 2023}}</ref> About 10 percent of the residents of the [[Be'eri]] kibbutz were killed.<ref>{{cite news \|title=10 Percent of Kibbutz Population Found Dead After Hamas Massacre in Southern Israel \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-10-10/ty-article/.premium/10-percent-of-kibbutz-population-found-dead-after-hamas-massacre-in-southern-israel/0000018b-191c-df31-a99f-7ddf54fa0000 \|work=Haaretz \|date=10 October 2023}}</ref> Hamas militants attacked the [[Psyduck music festival massacre\|Psyduck festival]], that took place near kibutz Nir Oz, killing 17 [[Israelis\|Israeli]] partygoers.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Ntieb \|first=Arnold \|date=2023-10-10 \|title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה \|trans-title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה Not only in Re'im: The participants of the other southern festival who did not come back \|url=https://www.maariv.co.il/news/military/Article-1043995 \|access-date=2023-12-20 \|website=maariv \|language=he}}</ref> Video footage shows children being deliberately killed during the kibbutz attacks,<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Carroll \|first=Rory \|date=2023-10-23 \|title=Israel shows footage of Hamas killings 'to counter denial of atrocities' \|language=en-GB \|work=The Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/23/israel-shows-footage-of-hamas-killings-to-counter-denial-of-atrocities \|access-date=2023-10-26 \|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> as well as what appears to be an attempt to decapitate a living person using a garden hoe.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=23 October 2023 \|title=Israel shows Hamas bodycam attack footage to journalists \|language=en-GB \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67198270 \|access-date=26 October 2023}}</ref> Forensic teams who examined bodies of victims said many bodies showed signs of torture as well as [[Sexual and gender-based violence in the 7 October Hamas-led attack on Israel\|sexual and gender-based violence]], and testimonies to this effect were also collected by Israeli police.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-11-25 \|title=Israel investigates an elusive, horrific enemy: Rape as a weapon of war \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/25/israel-hamas-rape-sexual-violence/ \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|newspaper=Washington Post \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=The Scope of Hamas' Campaign of Rape Against Israeli Women Is Revealed, Testimony After Testimony \|language=en \|work=Haaretz \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-30/ty-article-magazine/.highlight/hamas-campaign-of-rape-against-israeli-women-is-revealed-testimony-after-testimony/0000018c-2144-da36-a1de-6767dac90000 \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-10-15 \|title=Israeli forensic teams describe signs of torture, abuse \|language=en \|work=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israeli-forensic-teams-describe-signs-torture-abuse-2023-10-15/ \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=Israeli Police Collect Eyewitness Testimony of Gang Rape During Hamas Attack \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-08/ty-article/israeli-police-collect-eyewitness-testimony-of-gang-rape-during-hamas-attack/0000018b-b025-d3c1-a39b-bee5ef400000 \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|work=Haaretz \|language=en}}</ref> Haaretz later reported that forensic pathologists who examined bodies of the victims taken the Shura Base for identification found "no signs on any of those bodies attesting to sexual relations having taken place or of mutilation of genitalia." Not all bodies could be fully examined given the lack of forensic pathologists, and for some conclusions could not be drawn given their deteriorated state.<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Rozovsky \|first=Liza \|date=18 April 2024 \|title=15 Witnesses, Three Confessions, a Pattern of Naked Dead Bodies. All the Evidence of Hamas Rape on October 7 \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2024-04-18/ty-article-magazine/witnesses-confessions-naked-dead-bodies-all-the-evidence-of-hamas-rape-on-oct-7/0000018e-f114-d92e-abfe-f77f7e3f0000 \|access-date=28 November 2024 \|work=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref> Israeli forensic pathologists in charge of the process clarified later that all bodies had been examined, and some were disfigured or burned.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Mor \|first=Zohar \|last2=Kugel \|first2=Chen \|last3=Mizrahi \|first3=Hagar \|last4=Kaliner \|first4=Ehud \|date=November 2024 \|title=Mass killing during terror attack at the Israel-Gaza border and the role of the Ministry of Health in identification of human remains and their release \|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39128201/ \|journal=Forensic Science International \|volume=363 \|pages=1 \|doi=10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112188 \|issn=1872-6283 \|pmid=39128201 \|quote=Bodies were delivered to a central mortuary. Each body was coded and undressed for external inspection and documentation of physical elements... Whole-body CT was performed in cases the bodies were disfigured or burned from the second week}}</ref> Some of the testimonies were later proven to be false.<ref>{{cite news \|last1=Grim \|first1=Ryan \|last2=Boguslaw \|first2=Daniel \|last3=Scahill \|first3=Jeremy \|date=29 February 2024 \|title=Between the Hammer and the Anvil: The Story Behind the New York Times October 7 Exposé \|url=https://theintercept.com/2024/02/28/new-york-times-anat-schwartz-october-7/ \|archive-url= \|archive-date= \|access-date=1 April 2024 \|work=[[The Intercept]]}}</ref><ref name="beri-false">{{cite news \|last1=Grim \|first1=Jeremy \|last2=Scahil \|first2=Ryan \|date=4 March 2024 \|title=Kibbutz Be'eri Rejects Story in New York Times October 7 Exposé: "They Were Not Sexually Abused" \|url=https://theintercept.com/2024/03/04/nyt-october-7-sexual-violence-kibbutz-beeri/?utm_medium=email&utm_source=The%20Intercept%20Newsletter \|archive-url= \|archive-date= \|access-date=7 March 2024 \|work=[[The Intercept]]}}</ref><ref name=":27">{{Cite news \|date=22 May 2024 \|title=How 2 debunked accounts of sexual violence on Oct. 7 fueled a global dispute over Israel-Hamas war \|url=https://apnews.com/article/israel-hamas-war-sexual-violence-zaka-ca7905bf9520b1e646f86d72cdf03244 \|archive-url= \|archive-date= \|access-date=25 August 2024 \|work=[[AP News]] \|language=en}}</ref> Detailed reports by the UN and the ''[[The Times]]'' concluded that Israel's claims about the scale and formally sanctioned, systematic nature of sexual assaults did not stand up to scrutiny.<ref name="auto2">{{cite web \|title=Mission report - Official visit of the Office of the SRSG-SVC to Israel and the occupied West Bank 29 January – 14 February 2024 \|url=https://www.un.org/sexualviolenceinconflict/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/report/mission-report-official-visit-of-the-office-of-the-srsg-svc-to-israel-and-the-occupied-west-bank-29-january-14-february-2024/20240304-Israel-oWB-CRSV-report.pdf \|archive-url= \|archive-date= \|access-date=5 March 2024 \|publisher=United Nations Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict}}</ref><ref name="OHCHR3">{{cite report \|url=https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/sessions-regular/session56/a-hrc-56-26-auv.docx \|title=Report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and Israel \|author=Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory \|date=12 June 2024 \|publisher=Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights \|access-date=23 August 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240829134953/https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/sessions-regular/session56/a-hrc-56-26-auv.docx \|archive-date=29 August 2024 \|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Weiniger">{{Cite web \|last1=Philp \|first1=Catherine \|last2=Weiniger \|first2=Gabrielle \|date=7 June 2024 \|title=Israel says Hamas weaponised rape. Does the evidence add up? \|url=https://www.thetimes.com/magazines/the-times-magazine/article/israel-hamas-rape-investigation-evidence-october-7-6kzphszsj \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241008030639/https://www.thetimes.com/magazines/the-times-magazine/article/israel-hamas-rape-investigation-evidence-october-7-6kzphszsj \|archive-date=8 October 2024 \|access-date=11 August 2024 \|website=[[The Times]]}}</ref>

	===Rocket attacks on Israel===		===Rocket attacks on Israel===

Raskolnikov.Rev: Slight trim for clarity

2024-12-31T12:05:15Z

Slight trim for clarity

← Previous revision		Revision as of 12:05, 31 December 2024
Line 373:		Line 373:

	In 2008, Hamas leader [[Khaled Mashal]], offered that Hamas would attack only military targets if the IDF would stop causing the deaths of Palestinian civilians.<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609190105/http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-date=June 9, 2008 \|title=Mashaal offers to cease civilian attacks \|access-date=June 1, 2016}} March 31, 2008, ''The Jerusalem Post''</ref> Following a June 19, 2008, ceasefire, the al-Qassam Brigades ended its rocket attacks and arrested Fatah militants in Gaza who had continued sporadic rocket and mortar attacks against Israel. The al-Qassam Brigades resumed the attacks after the November 4 Israeli incursion into Gaza.<ref name="ITIC"/><ref name="ynetnews.com"/>[[File:Nova_massacre_dashcam.jpg\|thumb\|The 2023 [[Re'im music festival massacre]] left 364 people dead with many others wounded or taken hostage]]		In 2008, Hamas leader [[Khaled Mashal]], offered that Hamas would attack only military targets if the IDF would stop causing the deaths of Palestinian civilians.<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609190105/http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-date=June 9, 2008 \|title=Mashaal offers to cease civilian attacks \|access-date=June 1, 2016}} March 31, 2008, ''The Jerusalem Post''</ref> Following a June 19, 2008, ceasefire, the al-Qassam Brigades ended its rocket attacks and arrested Fatah militants in Gaza who had continued sporadic rocket and mortar attacks against Israel. The al-Qassam Brigades resumed the attacks after the November 4 Israeli incursion into Gaza.<ref name="ITIC"/><ref name="ynetnews.com"/>[[File:Nova_massacre_dashcam.jpg\|thumb\|The 2023 [[Re'im music festival massacre]] left 364 people dead with many others wounded or taken hostage]]
	During the [[2023 Hamas attack on Israel]], Hamas infiltrated homes, shot civilians en masse, and took scores of Israeli civilians and soldiers as hostages into Gaza.<ref name=":2">{{cite web \|last=Debre \|first=Isabel \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Israeli hostage crisis in Hamas-ruled Gaza becomes a political trap for Netanyahu \|url=https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014211944/https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=AP News}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite web \|last1=Gold \|first1=Hadas \|last2=Murphy \|first2=Paul P. \|last3=Salma \|first3=Abeer \|last4=Dahman \|first4=Ibrahim \|last5=Khadder \|first5=Kareem \|last6=Mezzofiore \|first6=Gianluca \|last7=Goodwin \|first7=Allegra \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Hamas captures hostages as Israelis share photos of those missing \|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014210614/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=CNN}}</ref> According to [[Human Rights Watch]], the deliberate targeting of civilians, indiscriminate attacks, and taking of civilians as hostages amount to [[war crime]]s under international humanitarian law.<ref>{{cite web \|date=9 October 2023 \|title=Israel/Palestine: Devastating Civilian Toll as Parties Flout Legal Obligations \|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009202840/https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|archive-date=9 October 2023 \|website=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}</ref> During its October 2023 offensive against Israel, Hamas massacred 364 people at the [[Re'im music festival massacre\|Re'im music festival]], while abucting others.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/death-count-from-massacre-at-reim-music-festival-reportedly-updated-to-364-a-third-of-oct-7-deaths/\|title=Death count from Re'im music festival massacre reportedly updated to 364 — a third of Oct. 7 fatalities\|work=The Times of Israel\|date=17 November 2023\|access-date=20 November 2023}}</ref><ref name="Morris2023">{{Cite news \|last1=Morris \|first1=Loveday \|last2=Piper \|first2=Imogen \|last3=Sohyun Lee \|first3=Joyce \|last4=George \|first4=Susannah \|date=8 October 2023 \|title=How a night of dancing and revelry in Israel turned into a massacre \|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|url-status=live \|access-date=8 October 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008200354/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|archive-date=8 October 2023}}</ref> During the same offensive, it also was reported that Hamas had massacred the population of the [[Kfar Aza]] kibbutz.<ref>{{cite news \|last=Lubell \|first=Maayan \|date=October 10, 2023 \|title=Bodies of residents and militants lie in the grounds of ravaged Israeli kibbutz \|publisher=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/bodies-residents-militants-lie-grounds-ravaged-israeli-kibbutz-2023-10-10/ \|access-date=October 10, 2023}}</ref> About 10 percent of the residents of the [[Be'eri]] kibbutz were killed.<ref>{{cite news \|title=10 Percent of Kibbutz Population Found Dead After Hamas Massacre in Southern Israel \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-10-10/ty-article/.premium/10-percent-of-kibbutz-population-found-dead-after-hamas-massacre-in-southern-israel/0000018b-191c-df31-a99f-7ddf54fa0000 \|work=Haaretz \|date=10 October 2023}}</ref> Hamas militants attacked the [[Psyduck music festival massacre\|Psyduck festival]], that took place near kibutz Nir Oz, killing 17 [[Israelis\|Israeli]] partygoers.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Ntieb \|first=Arnold \|date=2023-10-10 \|title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה \|trans-title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה Not only in Re'im: The participants of the other southern festival who did not come back \|url=https://www.maariv.co.il/news/military/Article-1043995 \|access-date=2023-12-20 \|website=maariv \|language=he}}</ref> Video footage shows children being deliberately killed during the kibbutz attacks,<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Carroll \|first=Rory \|date=2023-10-23 \|title=Israel shows footage of Hamas killings 'to counter denial of atrocities' \|language=en-GB \|work=The Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/23/israel-shows-footage-of-hamas-killings-to-counter-denial-of-atrocities \|access-date=2023-10-26 \|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> as well as what appears to be an attempt to decapitate a living person using a garden hoe.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=23 October 2023 \|title=Israel shows Hamas bodycam attack footage to journalists \|language=en-GB \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67198270 \|access-date=26 October 2023}}</ref> Forensic teams who examined bodies of victims said many bodies showed signs of torture as well as [[Sexual and gender-based violence in the 7 October Hamas-led attack on Israel\|sexual and gender-based violence]], and testimonies to this effect were also collected by Israeli police.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-11-25 \|title=Israel investigates an elusive, horrific enemy: Rape as a weapon of war \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/25/israel-hamas-rape-sexual-violence/ \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|newspaper=Washington Post \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=The Scope of Hamas' Campaign of Rape Against Israeli Women Is Revealed, Testimony After Testimony \|language=en \|work=Haaretz \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-30/ty-article-magazine/.highlight/hamas-campaign-of-rape-against-israeli-women-is-revealed-testimony-after-testimony/0000018c-2144-da36-a1de-6767dac90000 \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-10-15 \|title=Israeli forensic teams describe signs of torture, abuse \|language=en \|work=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israeli-forensic-teams-describe-signs-torture-abuse-2023-10-15/ \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=Israeli Police Collect Eyewitness Testimony of Gang Rape During Hamas Attack \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-08/ty-article/israeli-police-collect-eyewitness-testimony-of-gang-rape-during-hamas-attack/0000018b-b025-d3c1-a39b-bee5ef400000 \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|work=Haaretz \|language=en}}</ref> Haaretz later reported that forensic pathologists who examined bodies of the victims taken the Shura Base for identification found "no signs on any of those bodies attesting to sexual relations having taken place or of mutilation of genitalia." ~~Haaretz reported not~~ all bodies could be fully examined given the lack of forensic pathologists, and for some ~~of the bodies~~ conclusions could not be drawn given their deteriorated state.<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Rozovsky \|first=Liza \|date=18 April 2024 \|title=15 Witnesses, Three Confessions, a Pattern of Naked Dead Bodies. All the Evidence of Hamas Rape on October 7 \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2024-04-18/ty-article-magazine/witnesses-confessions-naked-dead-bodies-all-the-evidence-of-hamas-rape-on-oct-7/0000018e-f114-d92e-abfe-f77f7e3f0000 \|access-date=28 November 2024 \|work=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref> Israeli forensic pathologists in charge of the process clarified that all bodies had been examined and ~~that~~ some ~~of them~~ were "disfigured or burned."<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Mor \|first=Zohar \|last2=Kugel \|first2=Chen \|last3=Mizrahi \|first3=Hagar \|last4=Kaliner \|first4=Ehud \|date=November 2024 \|title=Mass killing during terror attack at the Israel-Gaza border and the role of the Ministry of Health in identification of human remains and their release \|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39128201/ \|journal=Forensic Science International \|volume=363 \|pages=1 \|doi=10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112188 \|issn=1872-6283 \|pmid=39128201 \|quote=Bodies were delivered to a central mortuary. Each body was coded and undressed for external inspection and documentation of physical elements... Whole-body CT was performed in cases the bodies were disfigured or burned from the second week}}</ref>		During the [[2023 Hamas attack on Israel]], Hamas infiltrated homes, shot civilians en masse, and took scores of Israeli civilians and soldiers as hostages into Gaza.<ref name=":2">{{cite web \|last=Debre \|first=Isabel \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Israeli hostage crisis in Hamas-ruled Gaza becomes a political trap for Netanyahu \|url=https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014211944/https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=AP News}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite web \|last1=Gold \|first1=Hadas \|last2=Murphy \|first2=Paul P. \|last3=Salma \|first3=Abeer \|last4=Dahman \|first4=Ibrahim \|last5=Khadder \|first5=Kareem \|last6=Mezzofiore \|first6=Gianluca \|last7=Goodwin \|first7=Allegra \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Hamas captures hostages as Israelis share photos of those missing \|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014210614/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=CNN}}</ref> According to [[Human Rights Watch]], the deliberate targeting of civilians, indiscriminate attacks, and taking of civilians as hostages amount to [[war crime]]s under international humanitarian law.<ref>{{cite web \|date=9 October 2023 \|title=Israel/Palestine: Devastating Civilian Toll as Parties Flout Legal Obligations \|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009202840/https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|archive-date=9 October 2023 \|website=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}</ref> During its October 2023 offensive against Israel, Hamas massacred 364 people at the [[Re'im music festival massacre\|Re'im music festival]], while abucting others.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/death-count-from-massacre-at-reim-music-festival-reportedly-updated-to-364-a-third-of-oct-7-deaths/\|title=Death count from Re'im music festival massacre reportedly updated to 364 — a third of Oct. 7 fatalities\|work=The Times of Israel\|date=17 November 2023\|access-date=20 November 2023}}</ref><ref name="Morris2023">{{Cite news \|last1=Morris \|first1=Loveday \|last2=Piper \|first2=Imogen \|last3=Sohyun Lee \|first3=Joyce \|last4=George \|first4=Susannah \|date=8 October 2023 \|title=How a night of dancing and revelry in Israel turned into a massacre \|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|url-status=live \|access-date=8 October 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008200354/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|archive-date=8 October 2023}}</ref> During the same offensive, it also was reported that Hamas had massacred the population of the [[Kfar Aza]] kibbutz.<ref>{{cite news \|last=Lubell \|first=Maayan \|date=October 10, 2023 \|title=Bodies of residents and militants lie in the grounds of ravaged Israeli kibbutz \|publisher=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/bodies-residents-militants-lie-grounds-ravaged-israeli-kibbutz-2023-10-10/ \|access-date=October 10, 2023}}</ref> About 10 percent of the residents of the [[Be'eri]] kibbutz were killed.<ref>{{cite news \|title=10 Percent of Kibbutz Population Found Dead After Hamas Massacre in Southern Israel \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-10-10/ty-article/.premium/10-percent-of-kibbutz-population-found-dead-after-hamas-massacre-in-southern-israel/0000018b-191c-df31-a99f-7ddf54fa0000 \|work=Haaretz \|date=10 October 2023}}</ref> Hamas militants attacked the [[Psyduck music festival massacre\|Psyduck festival]], that took place near kibutz Nir Oz, killing 17 [[Israelis\|Israeli]] partygoers.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Ntieb \|first=Arnold \|date=2023-10-10 \|title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה \|trans-title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה Not only in Re'im: The participants of the other southern festival who did not come back \|url=https://www.maariv.co.il/news/military/Article-1043995 \|access-date=2023-12-20 \|website=maariv \|language=he}}</ref> Video footage shows children being deliberately killed during the kibbutz attacks,<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Carroll \|first=Rory \|date=2023-10-23 \|title=Israel shows footage of Hamas killings 'to counter denial of atrocities' \|language=en-GB \|work=The Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/23/israel-shows-footage-of-hamas-killings-to-counter-denial-of-atrocities \|access-date=2023-10-26 \|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> as well as what appears to be an attempt to decapitate a living person using a garden hoe.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=23 October 2023 \|title=Israel shows Hamas bodycam attack footage to journalists \|language=en-GB \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67198270 \|access-date=26 October 2023}}</ref> Forensic teams who examined bodies of victims said many bodies showed signs of torture as well as [[Sexual and gender-based violence in the 7 October Hamas-led attack on Israel\|sexual and gender-based violence]], and testimonies to this effect were also collected by Israeli police.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-11-25 \|title=Israel investigates an elusive, horrific enemy: Rape as a weapon of war \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/25/israel-hamas-rape-sexual-violence/ \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|newspaper=Washington Post \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=The Scope of Hamas' Campaign of Rape Against Israeli Women Is Revealed, Testimony After Testimony \|language=en \|work=Haaretz \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-30/ty-article-magazine/.highlight/hamas-campaign-of-rape-against-israeli-women-is-revealed-testimony-after-testimony/0000018c-2144-da36-a1de-6767dac90000 \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-10-15 \|title=Israeli forensic teams describe signs of torture, abuse \|language=en \|work=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israeli-forensic-teams-describe-signs-torture-abuse-2023-10-15/ \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=Israeli Police Collect Eyewitness Testimony of Gang Rape During Hamas Attack \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-08/ty-article/israeli-police-collect-eyewitness-testimony-of-gang-rape-during-hamas-attack/0000018b-b025-d3c1-a39b-bee5ef400000 \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|work=Haaretz \|language=en}}</ref> Haaretz later reported that forensic pathologists who examined bodies of the victims taken the Shura Base for identification found "no signs on any of those bodies attesting to sexual relations having taken place or of mutilation of genitalia." Not all bodies could be fully examined given the lack of forensic pathologists, and for some conclusions could not be drawn given their deteriorated state.<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Rozovsky \|first=Liza \|date=18 April 2024 \|title=15 Witnesses, Three Confessions, a Pattern of Naked Dead Bodies. All the Evidence of Hamas Rape on October 7 \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2024-04-18/ty-article-magazine/witnesses-confessions-naked-dead-bodies-all-the-evidence-of-hamas-rape-on-oct-7/0000018e-f114-d92e-abfe-f77f7e3f0000 \|access-date=28 November 2024 \|work=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref> Israeli forensic pathologists in charge of the process clarified that all bodies had been examined, and some were disfigured or burned.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Mor \|first=Zohar \|last2=Kugel \|first2=Chen \|last3=Mizrahi \|first3=Hagar \|last4=Kaliner \|first4=Ehud \|date=November 2024 \|title=Mass killing during terror attack at the Israel-Gaza border and the role of the Ministry of Health in identification of human remains and their release \|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39128201/ \|journal=Forensic Science International \|volume=363 \|pages=1 \|doi=10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112188 \|issn=1872-6283 \|pmid=39128201 \|quote=Bodies were delivered to a central mortuary. Each body was coded and undressed for external inspection and documentation of physical elements... Whole-body CT was performed in cases the bodies were disfigured or burned from the second week}}</ref>

	===Rocket attacks on Israel===		===Rocket attacks on Israel===

Industrial Metal Brain: almost identical name

2024-12-29T05:48:40Z

almost identical name

← Previous revision		Revision as of 05:48, 29 December 2024
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	* [[Politics of Palestine]]		* [[Politics of Palestine]]
	* [[Israeli support for Hamas]]		* [[Israeli support for Hamas]]
			* [[Jewish Resistance Movement]]

	== Notes ==		== Notes ==

Alaexis: /* Attacks on civilians */ okay, let's keep this source but without cherrypicking

2024-12-28T21:18:55Z

Attacks on civilians: okay, let's keep this source but without cherrypicking

← Previous revision		Revision as of 21:18, 28 December 2024
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	In 2008, Hamas leader [[Khaled Mashal]], offered that Hamas would attack only military targets if the IDF would stop causing the deaths of Palestinian civilians.<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609190105/http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-date=June 9, 2008 \|title=Mashaal offers to cease civilian attacks \|access-date=June 1, 2016}} March 31, 2008, ''The Jerusalem Post''</ref> Following a June 19, 2008, ceasefire, the al-Qassam Brigades ended its rocket attacks and arrested Fatah militants in Gaza who had continued sporadic rocket and mortar attacks against Israel. The al-Qassam Brigades resumed the attacks after the November 4 Israeli incursion into Gaza.<ref name="ITIC"/><ref name="ynetnews.com"/>[[File:Nova_massacre_dashcam.jpg\|thumb\|The 2023 [[Re'im music festival massacre]] left 364 people dead with many others wounded or taken hostage]]		In 2008, Hamas leader [[Khaled Mashal]], offered that Hamas would attack only military targets if the IDF would stop causing the deaths of Palestinian civilians.<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609190105/http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-date=June 9, 2008 \|title=Mashaal offers to cease civilian attacks \|access-date=June 1, 2016}} March 31, 2008, ''The Jerusalem Post''</ref> Following a June 19, 2008, ceasefire, the al-Qassam Brigades ended its rocket attacks and arrested Fatah militants in Gaza who had continued sporadic rocket and mortar attacks against Israel. The al-Qassam Brigades resumed the attacks after the November 4 Israeli incursion into Gaza.<ref name="ITIC"/><ref name="ynetnews.com"/>[[File:Nova_massacre_dashcam.jpg\|thumb\|The 2023 [[Re'im music festival massacre]] left 364 people dead with many others wounded or taken hostage]]
	During the [[2023 Hamas attack on Israel]], Hamas infiltrated homes, shot civilians en masse, and took scores of Israeli civilians and soldiers as hostages into Gaza.<ref name=":2">{{cite web \|last=Debre \|first=Isabel \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Israeli hostage crisis in Hamas-ruled Gaza becomes a political trap for Netanyahu \|url=https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014211944/https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=AP News}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite web \|last1=Gold \|first1=Hadas \|last2=Murphy \|first2=Paul P. \|last3=Salma \|first3=Abeer \|last4=Dahman \|first4=Ibrahim \|last5=Khadder \|first5=Kareem \|last6=Mezzofiore \|first6=Gianluca \|last7=Goodwin \|first7=Allegra \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Hamas captures hostages as Israelis share photos of those missing \|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014210614/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=CNN}}</ref> According to [[Human Rights Watch]], the deliberate targeting of civilians, indiscriminate attacks, and taking of civilians as hostages amount to [[war crime]]s under international humanitarian law.<ref>{{cite web \|date=9 October 2023 \|title=Israel/Palestine: Devastating Civilian Toll as Parties Flout Legal Obligations \|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009202840/https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|archive-date=9 October 2023 \|website=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}</ref> During its October 2023 offensive against Israel, Hamas massacred 364 people at the [[Re'im music festival massacre\|Re'im music festival]], while abucting others.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/death-count-from-massacre-at-reim-music-festival-reportedly-updated-to-364-a-third-of-oct-7-deaths/\|title=Death count from Re'im music festival massacre reportedly updated to 364 — a third of Oct. 7 fatalities\|work=The Times of Israel\|date=17 November 2023\|access-date=20 November 2023}}</ref><ref name="Morris2023">{{Cite news \|last1=Morris \|first1=Loveday \|last2=Piper \|first2=Imogen \|last3=Sohyun Lee \|first3=Joyce \|last4=George \|first4=Susannah \|date=8 October 2023 \|title=How a night of dancing and revelry in Israel turned into a massacre \|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|url-status=live \|access-date=8 October 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008200354/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|archive-date=8 October 2023}}</ref> During the same offensive, it also was reported that Hamas had massacred the population of the [[Kfar Aza]] kibbutz.<ref>{{cite news \|last=Lubell \|first=Maayan \|date=October 10, 2023 \|title=Bodies of residents and militants lie in the grounds of ravaged Israeli kibbutz \|publisher=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/bodies-residents-militants-lie-grounds-ravaged-israeli-kibbutz-2023-10-10/ \|access-date=October 10, 2023}}</ref> About 10 percent of the residents of the [[Be'eri]] kibbutz were killed.<ref>{{cite news \|title=10 Percent of Kibbutz Population Found Dead After Hamas Massacre in Southern Israel \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-10-10/ty-article/.premium/10-percent-of-kibbutz-population-found-dead-after-hamas-massacre-in-southern-israel/0000018b-191c-df31-a99f-7ddf54fa0000 \|work=Haaretz \|date=10 October 2023}}</ref> Hamas militants attacked the [[Psyduck music festival massacre\|Psyduck festival]], that took place near kibutz Nir Oz, killing 17 [[Israelis\|Israeli]] partygoers.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Ntieb \|first=Arnold \|date=2023-10-10 \|title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה \|trans-title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה Not only in Re'im: The participants of the other southern festival who did not come back \|url=https://www.maariv.co.il/news/military/Article-1043995 \|access-date=2023-12-20 \|website=maariv \|language=he}}</ref> Video footage shows children being deliberately killed during the kibbutz attacks,<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Carroll \|first=Rory \|date=2023-10-23 \|title=Israel shows footage of Hamas killings 'to counter denial of atrocities' \|language=en-GB \|work=The Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/23/israel-shows-footage-of-hamas-killings-to-counter-denial-of-atrocities \|access-date=2023-10-26 \|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> as well as what appears to be an attempt to decapitate a living person using a garden hoe.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=23 October 2023 \|title=Israel shows Hamas bodycam attack footage to journalists \|language=en-GB \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67198270 \|access-date=26 October 2023}}</ref> Forensic teams who examined bodies of victims said many bodies showed signs of torture as well as [[Sexual and gender-based violence in the 7 October Hamas-led attack on Israel\|sexual and gender-based violence]], and testimonies to this effect were also collected by Israeli police.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-11-25 \|title=Israel investigates an elusive, horrific enemy: Rape as a weapon of war \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/25/israel-hamas-rape-sexual-violence/ \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|newspaper=Washington Post \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=The Scope of Hamas' Campaign of Rape Against Israeli Women Is Revealed, Testimony After Testimony \|language=en \|work=Haaretz \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-30/ty-article-magazine/.highlight/hamas-campaign-of-rape-against-israeli-women-is-revealed-testimony-after-testimony/0000018c-2144-da36-a1de-6767dac90000 \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-10-15 \|title=Israeli forensic teams describe signs of torture, abuse \|language=en \|work=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israeli-forensic-teams-describe-signs-torture-abuse-2023-10-15/ \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=Israeli Police Collect Eyewitness Testimony of Gang Rape During Hamas Attack \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-08/ty-article/israeli-police-collect-eyewitness-testimony-of-gang-rape-during-hamas-attack/0000018b-b025-d3c1-a39b-bee5ef400000 \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|work=Haaretz \|language=en}}</ref> Haaretz later reported that forensic pathologists who examined bodies of the victims taken the Shura Base for identification found "no signs on any of those bodies attesting to sexual relations having taken place or of mutilation of genitalia." Haaretz reported not all bodies could be fully examined given the lack of forensic pathologists, and for some of the bodies conclusions could not be drawn given their deteriorated state.<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Rozovsky \|first=Liza \|date=18 April 2024 \|title=15 Witnesses, Three Confessions, a Pattern of Naked Dead Bodies. All the Evidence of Hamas Rape on October 7 \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2024-04-18/ty-article-magazine/witnesses-confessions-naked-dead-bodies-all-the-evidence-of-hamas-rape-on-oct-7/0000018e-f114-d92e-abfe-f77f7e3f0000 \|access-date=28 November 2024 \|work=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref> Israeli forensic pathologists in charge of the process clarified that all bodies had been examined.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Mor \|first=Zohar \|last2=Kugel \|first2=Chen \|last3=Mizrahi \|first3=Hagar \|last4=Kaliner \|first4=Ehud \|date=November 2024 \|title=Mass killing during terror attack at the Israel-Gaza border and the role of the Ministry of Health in identification of human remains and their release \|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39128201/ \|journal=Forensic Science International \|volume=363 \|pages=1 \|doi=10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112188 \|issn=1872-6283 \|pmid=39128201 \|quote=Bodies were delivered to a central mortuary. Each body was coded and undressed for external inspection and documentation of physical elements.}}</ref>		During the [[2023 Hamas attack on Israel]], Hamas infiltrated homes, shot civilians en masse, and took scores of Israeli civilians and soldiers as hostages into Gaza.<ref name=":2">{{cite web \|last=Debre \|first=Isabel \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Israeli hostage crisis in Hamas-ruled Gaza becomes a political trap for Netanyahu \|url=https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014211944/https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=AP News}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite web \|last1=Gold \|first1=Hadas \|last2=Murphy \|first2=Paul P. \|last3=Salma \|first3=Abeer \|last4=Dahman \|first4=Ibrahim \|last5=Khadder \|first5=Kareem \|last6=Mezzofiore \|first6=Gianluca \|last7=Goodwin \|first7=Allegra \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Hamas captures hostages as Israelis share photos of those missing \|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014210614/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=CNN}}</ref> According to [[Human Rights Watch]], the deliberate targeting of civilians, indiscriminate attacks, and taking of civilians as hostages amount to [[war crime]]s under international humanitarian law.<ref>{{cite web \|date=9 October 2023 \|title=Israel/Palestine: Devastating Civilian Toll as Parties Flout Legal Obligations \|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009202840/https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|archive-date=9 October 2023 \|website=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}</ref> During its October 2023 offensive against Israel, Hamas massacred 364 people at the [[Re'im music festival massacre\|Re'im music festival]], while abucting others.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/death-count-from-massacre-at-reim-music-festival-reportedly-updated-to-364-a-third-of-oct-7-deaths/\|title=Death count from Re'im music festival massacre reportedly updated to 364 — a third of Oct. 7 fatalities\|work=The Times of Israel\|date=17 November 2023\|access-date=20 November 2023}}</ref><ref name="Morris2023">{{Cite news \|last1=Morris \|first1=Loveday \|last2=Piper \|first2=Imogen \|last3=Sohyun Lee \|first3=Joyce \|last4=George \|first4=Susannah \|date=8 October 2023 \|title=How a night of dancing and revelry in Israel turned into a massacre \|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|url-status=live \|access-date=8 October 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008200354/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|archive-date=8 October 2023}}</ref> During the same offensive, it also was reported that Hamas had massacred the population of the [[Kfar Aza]] kibbutz.<ref>{{cite news \|last=Lubell \|first=Maayan \|date=October 10, 2023 \|title=Bodies of residents and militants lie in the grounds of ravaged Israeli kibbutz \|publisher=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/bodies-residents-militants-lie-grounds-ravaged-israeli-kibbutz-2023-10-10/ \|access-date=October 10, 2023}}</ref> About 10 percent of the residents of the [[Be'eri]] kibbutz were killed.<ref>{{cite news \|title=10 Percent of Kibbutz Population Found Dead After Hamas Massacre in Southern Israel \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-10-10/ty-article/.premium/10-percent-of-kibbutz-population-found-dead-after-hamas-massacre-in-southern-israel/0000018b-191c-df31-a99f-7ddf54fa0000 \|work=Haaretz \|date=10 October 2023}}</ref> Hamas militants attacked the [[Psyduck music festival massacre\|Psyduck festival]], that took place near kibutz Nir Oz, killing 17 [[Israelis\|Israeli]] partygoers.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Ntieb \|first=Arnold \|date=2023-10-10 \|title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה \|trans-title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה Not only in Re'im: The participants of the other southern festival who did not come back \|url=https://www.maariv.co.il/news/military/Article-1043995 \|access-date=2023-12-20 \|website=maariv \|language=he}}</ref> Video footage shows children being deliberately killed during the kibbutz attacks,<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Carroll \|first=Rory \|date=2023-10-23 \|title=Israel shows footage of Hamas killings 'to counter denial of atrocities' \|language=en-GB \|work=The Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/23/israel-shows-footage-of-hamas-killings-to-counter-denial-of-atrocities \|access-date=2023-10-26 \|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> as well as what appears to be an attempt to decapitate a living person using a garden hoe.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=23 October 2023 \|title=Israel shows Hamas bodycam attack footage to journalists \|language=en-GB \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67198270 \|access-date=26 October 2023}}</ref> Forensic teams who examined bodies of victims said many bodies showed signs of torture as well as [[Sexual and gender-based violence in the 7 October Hamas-led attack on Israel\|sexual and gender-based violence]], and testimonies to this effect were also collected by Israeli police.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-11-25 \|title=Israel investigates an elusive, horrific enemy: Rape as a weapon of war \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/25/israel-hamas-rape-sexual-violence/ \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|newspaper=Washington Post \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=The Scope of Hamas' Campaign of Rape Against Israeli Women Is Revealed, Testimony After Testimony \|language=en \|work=Haaretz \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-30/ty-article-magazine/.highlight/hamas-campaign-of-rape-against-israeli-women-is-revealed-testimony-after-testimony/0000018c-2144-da36-a1de-6767dac90000 \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-10-15 \|title=Israeli forensic teams describe signs of torture, abuse \|language=en \|work=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israeli-forensic-teams-describe-signs-torture-abuse-2023-10-15/ \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=Israeli Police Collect Eyewitness Testimony of Gang Rape During Hamas Attack \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-08/ty-article/israeli-police-collect-eyewitness-testimony-of-gang-rape-during-hamas-attack/0000018b-b025-d3c1-a39b-bee5ef400000 \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|work=Haaretz \|language=en}}</ref> Haaretz later reported that forensic pathologists who examined bodies of the victims taken the Shura Base for identification found "no signs on any of those bodies attesting to sexual relations having taken place or of mutilation of genitalia." Haaretz reported not all bodies could be fully examined given the lack of forensic pathologists, and for some of the bodies conclusions could not be drawn given their deteriorated state.<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Rozovsky \|first=Liza \|date=18 April 2024 \|title=15 Witnesses, Three Confessions, a Pattern of Naked Dead Bodies. All the Evidence of Hamas Rape on October 7 \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2024-04-18/ty-article-magazine/witnesses-confessions-naked-dead-bodies-all-the-evidence-of-hamas-rape-on-oct-7/0000018e-f114-d92e-abfe-f77f7e3f0000 \|access-date=28 November 2024 \|work=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref> Israeli forensic pathologists in charge of the process clarified that all bodies had been examined and that some of them were "disfigured or burned."<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Mor \|first=Zohar \|last2=Kugel \|first2=Chen \|last3=Mizrahi \|first3=Hagar \|last4=Kaliner \|first4=Ehud \|date=November 2024 \|title=Mass killing during terror attack at the Israel-Gaza border and the role of the Ministry of Health in identification of human remains and their release \|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39128201/ \|journal=Forensic Science International \|volume=363 \|pages=1 \|doi=10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112188 \|issn=1872-6283 \|pmid=39128201 \|quote=Bodies were delivered to a central mortuary. Each body was coded and undressed for external inspection and documentation of physical elements... Whole-body CT was performed in cases the bodies were disfigured or burned from the second week}}</ref>

	===Rocket attacks on Israel===		===Rocket attacks on Israel===

Raskolnikov.Rev: Fix phrasing to match sources.

2024-12-28T13:38:42Z

Fix phrasing to match sources.

← Previous revision		Revision as of 13:38, 28 December 2024
Line 373:		Line 373:

	In 2008, Hamas leader [[Khaled Mashal]], offered that Hamas would attack only military targets if the IDF would stop causing the deaths of Palestinian civilians.<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609190105/http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-date=June 9, 2008 \|title=Mashaal offers to cease civilian attacks \|access-date=June 1, 2016}} March 31, 2008, ''The Jerusalem Post''</ref> Following a June 19, 2008, ceasefire, the al-Qassam Brigades ended its rocket attacks and arrested Fatah militants in Gaza who had continued sporadic rocket and mortar attacks against Israel. The al-Qassam Brigades resumed the attacks after the November 4 Israeli incursion into Gaza.<ref name="ITIC"/><ref name="ynetnews.com"/>[[File:Nova_massacre_dashcam.jpg\|thumb\|The 2023 [[Re'im music festival massacre]] left 364 people dead with many others wounded or taken hostage]]		In 2008, Hamas leader [[Khaled Mashal]], offered that Hamas would attack only military targets if the IDF would stop causing the deaths of Palestinian civilians.<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609190105/http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-date=June 9, 2008 \|title=Mashaal offers to cease civilian attacks \|access-date=June 1, 2016}} March 31, 2008, ''The Jerusalem Post''</ref> Following a June 19, 2008, ceasefire, the al-Qassam Brigades ended its rocket attacks and arrested Fatah militants in Gaza who had continued sporadic rocket and mortar attacks against Israel. The al-Qassam Brigades resumed the attacks after the November 4 Israeli incursion into Gaza.<ref name="ITIC"/><ref name="ynetnews.com"/>[[File:Nova_massacre_dashcam.jpg\|thumb\|The 2023 [[Re'im music festival massacre]] left 364 people dead with many others wounded or taken hostage]]
	During the [[2023 Hamas attack on Israel]], Hamas infiltrated homes, shot civilians en masse, and took scores of Israeli civilians and soldiers as hostages into Gaza.<ref name=":2">{{cite web \|last=Debre \|first=Isabel \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Israeli hostage crisis in Hamas-ruled Gaza becomes a political trap for Netanyahu \|url=https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014211944/https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=AP News}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite web \|last1=Gold \|first1=Hadas \|last2=Murphy \|first2=Paul P. \|last3=Salma \|first3=Abeer \|last4=Dahman \|first4=Ibrahim \|last5=Khadder \|first5=Kareem \|last6=Mezzofiore \|first6=Gianluca \|last7=Goodwin \|first7=Allegra \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Hamas captures hostages as Israelis share photos of those missing \|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014210614/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=CNN}}</ref> According to [[Human Rights Watch]], the deliberate targeting of civilians, indiscriminate attacks, and taking of civilians as hostages amount to [[war crime]]s under international humanitarian law.<ref>{{cite web \|date=9 October 2023 \|title=Israel/Palestine: Devastating Civilian Toll as Parties Flout Legal Obligations \|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009202840/https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|archive-date=9 October 2023 \|website=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}</ref> During its October 2023 offensive against Israel, Hamas massacred 364 people at the [[Re'im music festival massacre\|Re'im music festival]], while abucting others.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/death-count-from-massacre-at-reim-music-festival-reportedly-updated-to-364-a-third-of-oct-7-deaths/\|title=Death count from Re'im music festival massacre reportedly updated to 364 — a third of Oct. 7 fatalities\|work=The Times of Israel\|date=17 November 2023\|access-date=20 November 2023}}</ref><ref name="Morris2023">{{Cite news \|last1=Morris \|first1=Loveday \|last2=Piper \|first2=Imogen \|last3=Sohyun Lee \|first3=Joyce \|last4=George \|first4=Susannah \|date=8 October 2023 \|title=How a night of dancing and revelry in Israel turned into a massacre \|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|url-status=live \|access-date=8 October 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008200354/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|archive-date=8 October 2023}}</ref> During the same offensive, it also was reported that Hamas had massacred the population of the [[Kfar Aza]] kibbutz.<ref>{{cite news \|last=Lubell \|first=Maayan \|date=October 10, 2023 \|title=Bodies of residents and militants lie in the grounds of ravaged Israeli kibbutz \|publisher=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/bodies-residents-militants-lie-grounds-ravaged-israeli-kibbutz-2023-10-10/ \|access-date=October 10, 2023}}</ref> About 10 percent of the residents of the [[Be'eri]] kibbutz were killed.<ref>{{cite news \|title=10 Percent of Kibbutz Population Found Dead After Hamas Massacre in Southern Israel \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-10-10/ty-article/.premium/10-percent-of-kibbutz-population-found-dead-after-hamas-massacre-in-southern-israel/0000018b-191c-df31-a99f-7ddf54fa0000 \|work=Haaretz \|date=10 October 2023}}</ref> Hamas militants attacked the [[Psyduck music festival massacre\|Psyduck festival]], that took place near kibutz Nir Oz, killing 17 [[Israelis\|Israeli]] partygoers.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Ntieb \|first=Arnold \|date=2023-10-10 \|title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה \|trans-title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה Not only in Re'im: The participants of the other southern festival who did not come back \|url=https://www.maariv.co.il/news/military/Article-1043995 \|access-date=2023-12-20 \|website=maariv \|language=he}}</ref> Video footage shows children being deliberately killed during the kibbutz attacks,<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Carroll \|first=Rory \|date=2023-10-23 \|title=Israel shows footage of Hamas killings 'to counter denial of atrocities' \|language=en-GB \|work=The Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/23/israel-shows-footage-of-hamas-killings-to-counter-denial-of-atrocities \|access-date=2023-10-26 \|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> as well as what appears to be an attempt to decapitate a living person using a garden hoe.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=23 October 2023 \|title=Israel shows Hamas bodycam attack footage to journalists \|language=en-GB \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67198270 \|access-date=26 October 2023}}</ref> Forensic teams who examined bodies of victims said many bodies showed signs of torture as well as [[Sexual and gender-based violence in the 7 October Hamas-led attack on Israel\|sexual and gender-based violence]], and testimonies to this effect were also collected by Israeli police.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-11-25 \|title=Israel investigates an elusive, horrific enemy: Rape as a weapon of war \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/25/israel-hamas-rape-sexual-violence/ \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|newspaper=Washington Post \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=The Scope of Hamas' Campaign of Rape Against Israeli Women Is Revealed, Testimony After Testimony \|language=en \|work=Haaretz \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-30/ty-article-magazine/.highlight/hamas-campaign-of-rape-against-israeli-women-is-revealed-testimony-after-testimony/0000018c-2144-da36-a1de-6767dac90000 \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-10-15 \|title=Israeli forensic teams describe signs of torture, abuse \|language=en \|work=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israeli-forensic-teams-describe-signs-torture-abuse-2023-10-15/ \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=Israeli Police Collect Eyewitness Testimony of Gang Rape During Hamas Attack \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-08/ty-article/israeli-police-collect-eyewitness-testimony-of-gang-rape-during-hamas-attack/0000018b-b025-d3c1-a39b-bee5ef400000 \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|work=Haaretz \|language=en}}</ref> Haaretz later reported that forensic pathologists who examined bodies of the victims taken the Shura Base for identification found "no signs on any of those bodies attesting to sexual relations having taken place or of mutilation of genitalia."<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Rozovsky \|first=Liza \|date=18 April 2024 \|title=15 Witnesses, Three Confessions, a Pattern of Naked Dead Bodies. All the Evidence of Hamas Rape on October 7 \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2024-04-18/ty-article-magazine/witnesses-confessions-naked-dead-bodies-all-the-evidence-of-hamas-rape-on-oct-7/0000018e-f114-d92e-abfe-f77f7e3f0000 \|access-date=28 November 2024 \|work=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref> ~~Haaretz reported not all bodies could be fully examined given the lack of forensic pathologists, but~~ Israeli forensic pathologists in charge of the process clarified that all bodies had been examined.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Mor \|first=Zohar \|last2=Kugel \|first2=Chen \|last3=Mizrahi \|first3=Hagar \|last4=Kaliner \|first4=Ehud \|date=November 2024 \|title=Mass killing during terror attack at the Israel-Gaza border and the role of the Ministry of Health in identification of human remains and their release \|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39128201/ \|journal=Forensic Science International \|volume=363 \|pages=1 \|doi=10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112188 \|issn=1872-6283 \|pmid=39128201 \|quote=Bodies were delivered to a central mortuary. Each body was coded and undressed for external inspection and documentation of physical elements.}}</ref>		During the [[2023 Hamas attack on Israel]], Hamas infiltrated homes, shot civilians en masse, and took scores of Israeli civilians and soldiers as hostages into Gaza.<ref name=":2">{{cite web \|last=Debre \|first=Isabel \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Israeli hostage crisis in Hamas-ruled Gaza becomes a political trap for Netanyahu \|url=https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014211944/https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=AP News}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite web \|last1=Gold \|first1=Hadas \|last2=Murphy \|first2=Paul P. \|last3=Salma \|first3=Abeer \|last4=Dahman \|first4=Ibrahim \|last5=Khadder \|first5=Kareem \|last6=Mezzofiore \|first6=Gianluca \|last7=Goodwin \|first7=Allegra \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Hamas captures hostages as Israelis share photos of those missing \|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014210614/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=CNN}}</ref> According to [[Human Rights Watch]], the deliberate targeting of civilians, indiscriminate attacks, and taking of civilians as hostages amount to [[war crime]]s under international humanitarian law.<ref>{{cite web \|date=9 October 2023 \|title=Israel/Palestine: Devastating Civilian Toll as Parties Flout Legal Obligations \|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009202840/https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|archive-date=9 October 2023 \|website=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}</ref> During its October 2023 offensive against Israel, Hamas massacred 364 people at the [[Re'im music festival massacre\|Re'im music festival]], while abucting others.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/death-count-from-massacre-at-reim-music-festival-reportedly-updated-to-364-a-third-of-oct-7-deaths/\|title=Death count from Re'im music festival massacre reportedly updated to 364 — a third of Oct. 7 fatalities\|work=The Times of Israel\|date=17 November 2023\|access-date=20 November 2023}}</ref><ref name="Morris2023">{{Cite news \|last1=Morris \|first1=Loveday \|last2=Piper \|first2=Imogen \|last3=Sohyun Lee \|first3=Joyce \|last4=George \|first4=Susannah \|date=8 October 2023 \|title=How a night of dancing and revelry in Israel turned into a massacre \|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|url-status=live \|access-date=8 October 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008200354/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|archive-date=8 October 2023}}</ref> During the same offensive, it also was reported that Hamas had massacred the population of the [[Kfar Aza]] kibbutz.<ref>{{cite news \|last=Lubell \|first=Maayan \|date=October 10, 2023 \|title=Bodies of residents and militants lie in the grounds of ravaged Israeli kibbutz \|publisher=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/bodies-residents-militants-lie-grounds-ravaged-israeli-kibbutz-2023-10-10/ \|access-date=October 10, 2023}}</ref> About 10 percent of the residents of the [[Be'eri]] kibbutz were killed.<ref>{{cite news \|title=10 Percent of Kibbutz Population Found Dead After Hamas Massacre in Southern Israel \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-10-10/ty-article/.premium/10-percent-of-kibbutz-population-found-dead-after-hamas-massacre-in-southern-israel/0000018b-191c-df31-a99f-7ddf54fa0000 \|work=Haaretz \|date=10 October 2023}}</ref> Hamas militants attacked the [[Psyduck music festival massacre\|Psyduck festival]], that took place near kibutz Nir Oz, killing 17 [[Israelis\|Israeli]] partygoers.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Ntieb \|first=Arnold \|date=2023-10-10 \|title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה \|trans-title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה Not only in Re'im: The participants of the other southern festival who did not come back \|url=https://www.maariv.co.il/news/military/Article-1043995 \|access-date=2023-12-20 \|website=maariv \|language=he}}</ref> Video footage shows children being deliberately killed during the kibbutz attacks,<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Carroll \|first=Rory \|date=2023-10-23 \|title=Israel shows footage of Hamas killings 'to counter denial of atrocities' \|language=en-GB \|work=The Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/23/israel-shows-footage-of-hamas-killings-to-counter-denial-of-atrocities \|access-date=2023-10-26 \|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> as well as what appears to be an attempt to decapitate a living person using a garden hoe.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=23 October 2023 \|title=Israel shows Hamas bodycam attack footage to journalists \|language=en-GB \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67198270 \|access-date=26 October 2023}}</ref> Forensic teams who examined bodies of victims said many bodies showed signs of torture as well as [[Sexual and gender-based violence in the 7 October Hamas-led attack on Israel\|sexual and gender-based violence]], and testimonies to this effect were also collected by Israeli police.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-11-25 \|title=Israel investigates an elusive, horrific enemy: Rape as a weapon of war \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/25/israel-hamas-rape-sexual-violence/ \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|newspaper=Washington Post \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=The Scope of Hamas' Campaign of Rape Against Israeli Women Is Revealed, Testimony After Testimony \|language=en \|work=Haaretz \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-30/ty-article-magazine/.highlight/hamas-campaign-of-rape-against-israeli-women-is-revealed-testimony-after-testimony/0000018c-2144-da36-a1de-6767dac90000 \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-10-15 \|title=Israeli forensic teams describe signs of torture, abuse \|language=en \|work=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israeli-forensic-teams-describe-signs-torture-abuse-2023-10-15/ \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=Israeli Police Collect Eyewitness Testimony of Gang Rape During Hamas Attack \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-08/ty-article/israeli-police-collect-eyewitness-testimony-of-gang-rape-during-hamas-attack/0000018b-b025-d3c1-a39b-bee5ef400000 \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|work=Haaretz \|language=en}}</ref> Haaretz later reported that forensic pathologists who examined bodies of the victims taken the Shura Base for identification found "no signs on any of those bodies attesting to sexual relations having taken place or of mutilation of genitalia." Haaretz reported not all bodies could be fully examined given the lack of forensic pathologists, and for some of the bodies conclusions could not be drawn given their deteriorated state.<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Rozovsky \|first=Liza \|date=18 April 2024 \|title=15 Witnesses, Three Confessions, a Pattern of Naked Dead Bodies. All the Evidence of Hamas Rape on October 7 \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2024-04-18/ty-article-magazine/witnesses-confessions-naked-dead-bodies-all-the-evidence-of-hamas-rape-on-oct-7/0000018e-f114-d92e-abfe-f77f7e3f0000 \|access-date=28 November 2024 \|work=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref> Israeli forensic pathologists in charge of the process clarified that all bodies had been examined.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Mor \|first=Zohar \|last2=Kugel \|first2=Chen \|last3=Mizrahi \|first3=Hagar \|last4=Kaliner \|first4=Ehud \|date=November 2024 \|title=Mass killing during terror attack at the Israel-Gaza border and the role of the Ministry of Health in identification of human remains and their release \|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39128201/ \|journal=Forensic Science International \|volume=363 \|pages=1 \|doi=10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112188 \|issn=1872-6283 \|pmid=39128201 \|quote=Bodies were delivered to a central mortuary. Each body was coded and undressed for external inspection and documentation of physical elements.}}</ref>

	===Rocket attacks on Israel===		===Rocket attacks on Israel===

Raskolnikov.Rev: This is not synth at all. It merely accurately states what the source says Undid revision 1265749014 by Alaexis (talk)

2024-12-28T13:31:49Z

This is not synth at all. It merely accurately states what the source says Undid revision 1265749014 by Alaexis (talk)

← Previous revision		Revision as of 13:31, 28 December 2024
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	In 2008, Hamas leader [[Khaled Mashal]], offered that Hamas would attack only military targets if the IDF would stop causing the deaths of Palestinian civilians.<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609190105/http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-date=June 9, 2008 \|title=Mashaal offers to cease civilian attacks \|access-date=June 1, 2016}} March 31, 2008, ''The Jerusalem Post''</ref> Following a June 19, 2008, ceasefire, the al-Qassam Brigades ended its rocket attacks and arrested Fatah militants in Gaza who had continued sporadic rocket and mortar attacks against Israel. The al-Qassam Brigades resumed the attacks after the November 4 Israeli incursion into Gaza.<ref name="ITIC"/><ref name="ynetnews.com"/>[[File:Nova_massacre_dashcam.jpg\|thumb\|The 2023 [[Re'im music festival massacre]] left 364 people dead with many others wounded or taken hostage]]		In 2008, Hamas leader [[Khaled Mashal]], offered that Hamas would attack only military targets if the IDF would stop causing the deaths of Palestinian civilians.<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609190105/http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-date=June 9, 2008 \|title=Mashaal offers to cease civilian attacks \|access-date=June 1, 2016}} March 31, 2008, ''The Jerusalem Post''</ref> Following a June 19, 2008, ceasefire, the al-Qassam Brigades ended its rocket attacks and arrested Fatah militants in Gaza who had continued sporadic rocket and mortar attacks against Israel. The al-Qassam Brigades resumed the attacks after the November 4 Israeli incursion into Gaza.<ref name="ITIC"/><ref name="ynetnews.com"/>[[File:Nova_massacre_dashcam.jpg\|thumb\|The 2023 [[Re'im music festival massacre]] left 364 people dead with many others wounded or taken hostage]]
	During the [[2023 Hamas attack on Israel]], Hamas infiltrated homes, shot civilians en masse, and took scores of Israeli civilians and soldiers as hostages into Gaza.<ref name=":2">{{cite web \|last=Debre \|first=Isabel \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Israeli hostage crisis in Hamas-ruled Gaza becomes a political trap for Netanyahu \|url=https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014211944/https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=AP News}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite web \|last1=Gold \|first1=Hadas \|last2=Murphy \|first2=Paul P. \|last3=Salma \|first3=Abeer \|last4=Dahman \|first4=Ibrahim \|last5=Khadder \|first5=Kareem \|last6=Mezzofiore \|first6=Gianluca \|last7=Goodwin \|first7=Allegra \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Hamas captures hostages as Israelis share photos of those missing \|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014210614/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=CNN}}</ref> According to [[Human Rights Watch]], the deliberate targeting of civilians, indiscriminate attacks, and taking of civilians as hostages amount to [[war crime]]s under international humanitarian law.<ref>{{cite web \|date=9 October 2023 \|title=Israel/Palestine: Devastating Civilian Toll as Parties Flout Legal Obligations \|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009202840/https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|archive-date=9 October 2023 \|website=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}</ref> During its October 2023 offensive against Israel, Hamas massacred 364 people at the [[Re'im music festival massacre\|Re'im music festival]], while abucting others.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/death-count-from-massacre-at-reim-music-festival-reportedly-updated-to-364-a-third-of-oct-7-deaths/\|title=Death count from Re'im music festival massacre reportedly updated to 364 — a third of Oct. 7 fatalities\|work=The Times of Israel\|date=17 November 2023\|access-date=20 November 2023}}</ref><ref name="Morris2023">{{Cite news \|last1=Morris \|first1=Loveday \|last2=Piper \|first2=Imogen \|last3=Sohyun Lee \|first3=Joyce \|last4=George \|first4=Susannah \|date=8 October 2023 \|title=How a night of dancing and revelry in Israel turned into a massacre \|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|url-status=live \|access-date=8 October 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008200354/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|archive-date=8 October 2023}}</ref> During the same offensive, it also was reported that Hamas had massacred the population of the [[Kfar Aza]] kibbutz.<ref>{{cite news \|last=Lubell \|first=Maayan \|date=October 10, 2023 \|title=Bodies of residents and militants lie in the grounds of ravaged Israeli kibbutz \|publisher=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/bodies-residents-militants-lie-grounds-ravaged-israeli-kibbutz-2023-10-10/ \|access-date=October 10, 2023}}</ref> About 10 percent of the residents of the [[Be'eri]] kibbutz were killed.<ref>{{cite news \|title=10 Percent of Kibbutz Population Found Dead After Hamas Massacre in Southern Israel \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-10-10/ty-article/.premium/10-percent-of-kibbutz-population-found-dead-after-hamas-massacre-in-southern-israel/0000018b-191c-df31-a99f-7ddf54fa0000 \|work=Haaretz \|date=10 October 2023}}</ref> Hamas militants attacked the [[Psyduck music festival massacre\|Psyduck festival]], that took place near kibutz Nir Oz, killing 17 [[Israelis\|Israeli]] partygoers.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Ntieb \|first=Arnold \|date=2023-10-10 \|title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה \|trans-title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה Not only in Re'im: The participants of the other southern festival who did not come back \|url=https://www.maariv.co.il/news/military/Article-1043995 \|access-date=2023-12-20 \|website=maariv \|language=he}}</ref> Video footage shows children being deliberately killed during the kibbutz attacks,<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Carroll \|first=Rory \|date=2023-10-23 \|title=Israel shows footage of Hamas killings 'to counter denial of atrocities' \|language=en-GB \|work=The Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/23/israel-shows-footage-of-hamas-killings-to-counter-denial-of-atrocities \|access-date=2023-10-26 \|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> as well as what appears to be an attempt to decapitate a living person using a garden hoe.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=23 October 2023 \|title=Israel shows Hamas bodycam attack footage to journalists \|language=en-GB \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67198270 \|access-date=26 October 2023}}</ref> Forensic teams who examined bodies of victims said many bodies showed signs of torture as well as [[Sexual and gender-based violence in the 7 October Hamas-led attack on Israel\|sexual and gender-based violence]], and testimonies to this effect were also collected by Israeli police.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-11-25 \|title=Israel investigates an elusive, horrific enemy: Rape as a weapon of war \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/25/israel-hamas-rape-sexual-violence/ \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|newspaper=Washington Post \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=The Scope of Hamas' Campaign of Rape Against Israeli Women Is Revealed, Testimony After Testimony \|language=en \|work=Haaretz \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-30/ty-article-magazine/.highlight/hamas-campaign-of-rape-against-israeli-women-is-revealed-testimony-after-testimony/0000018c-2144-da36-a1de-6767dac90000 \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-10-15 \|title=Israeli forensic teams describe signs of torture, abuse \|language=en \|work=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israeli-forensic-teams-describe-signs-torture-abuse-2023-10-15/ \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=Israeli Police Collect Eyewitness Testimony of Gang Rape During Hamas Attack \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-08/ty-article/israeli-police-collect-eyewitness-testimony-of-gang-rape-during-hamas-attack/0000018b-b025-d3c1-a39b-bee5ef400000 \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|work=Haaretz \|language=en}}</ref> Haaretz later reported that forensic pathologists who examined bodies of the victims taken the Shura Base for identification found "no signs on any of those bodies attesting to sexual relations having taken place or of mutilation of genitalia." ~~Haaretz reported not all bodies could be fully examined given the lack of forensic pathologists, but Israeli forensic pathologists in charge of the process and the deteriorated state of some bodies.~~<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Rozovsky \|first=Liza \|date=18 April 2024 \|title=15 Witnesses, Three Confessions, a Pattern of Naked Dead Bodies. All the Evidence of Hamas Rape on October 7 \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2024-04-18/ty-article-magazine/witnesses-confessions-naked-dead-bodies-all-the-evidence-of-hamas-rape-on-oct-7/0000018e-f114-d92e-abfe-f77f7e3f0000 \|access-date=28 November 2024 \|work=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref>		During the [[2023 Hamas attack on Israel]], Hamas infiltrated homes, shot civilians en masse, and took scores of Israeli civilians and soldiers as hostages into Gaza.<ref name=":2">{{cite web \|last=Debre \|first=Isabel \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Israeli hostage crisis in Hamas-ruled Gaza becomes a political trap for Netanyahu \|url=https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014211944/https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=AP News}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite web \|last1=Gold \|first1=Hadas \|last2=Murphy \|first2=Paul P. \|last3=Salma \|first3=Abeer \|last4=Dahman \|first4=Ibrahim \|last5=Khadder \|first5=Kareem \|last6=Mezzofiore \|first6=Gianluca \|last7=Goodwin \|first7=Allegra \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Hamas captures hostages as Israelis share photos of those missing \|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014210614/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=CNN}}</ref> According to [[Human Rights Watch]], the deliberate targeting of civilians, indiscriminate attacks, and taking of civilians as hostages amount to [[war crime]]s under international humanitarian law.<ref>{{cite web \|date=9 October 2023 \|title=Israel/Palestine: Devastating Civilian Toll as Parties Flout Legal Obligations \|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009202840/https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|archive-date=9 October 2023 \|website=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}</ref> During its October 2023 offensive against Israel, Hamas massacred 364 people at the [[Re'im music festival massacre\|Re'im music festival]], while abucting others.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/death-count-from-massacre-at-reim-music-festival-reportedly-updated-to-364-a-third-of-oct-7-deaths/\|title=Death count from Re'im music festival massacre reportedly updated to 364 — a third of Oct. 7 fatalities\|work=The Times of Israel\|date=17 November 2023\|access-date=20 November 2023}}</ref><ref name="Morris2023">{{Cite news \|last1=Morris \|first1=Loveday \|last2=Piper \|first2=Imogen \|last3=Sohyun Lee \|first3=Joyce \|last4=George \|first4=Susannah \|date=8 October 2023 \|title=How a night of dancing and revelry in Israel turned into a massacre \|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|url-status=live \|access-date=8 October 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008200354/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|archive-date=8 October 2023}}</ref> During the same offensive, it also was reported that Hamas had massacred the population of the [[Kfar Aza]] kibbutz.<ref>{{cite news \|last=Lubell \|first=Maayan \|date=October 10, 2023 \|title=Bodies of residents and militants lie in the grounds of ravaged Israeli kibbutz \|publisher=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/bodies-residents-militants-lie-grounds-ravaged-israeli-kibbutz-2023-10-10/ \|access-date=October 10, 2023}}</ref> About 10 percent of the residents of the [[Be'eri]] kibbutz were killed.<ref>{{cite news \|title=10 Percent of Kibbutz Population Found Dead After Hamas Massacre in Southern Israel \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-10-10/ty-article/.premium/10-percent-of-kibbutz-population-found-dead-after-hamas-massacre-in-southern-israel/0000018b-191c-df31-a99f-7ddf54fa0000 \|work=Haaretz \|date=10 October 2023}}</ref> Hamas militants attacked the [[Psyduck music festival massacre\|Psyduck festival]], that took place near kibutz Nir Oz, killing 17 [[Israelis\|Israeli]] partygoers.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Ntieb \|first=Arnold \|date=2023-10-10 \|title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה \|trans-title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה Not only in Re'im: The participants of the other southern festival who did not come back \|url=https://www.maariv.co.il/news/military/Article-1043995 \|access-date=2023-12-20 \|website=maariv \|language=he}}</ref> Video footage shows children being deliberately killed during the kibbutz attacks,<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Carroll \|first=Rory \|date=2023-10-23 \|title=Israel shows footage of Hamas killings 'to counter denial of atrocities' \|language=en-GB \|work=The Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/23/israel-shows-footage-of-hamas-killings-to-counter-denial-of-atrocities \|access-date=2023-10-26 \|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> as well as what appears to be an attempt to decapitate a living person using a garden hoe.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=23 October 2023 \|title=Israel shows Hamas bodycam attack footage to journalists \|language=en-GB \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67198270 \|access-date=26 October 2023}}</ref> Forensic teams who examined bodies of victims said many bodies showed signs of torture as well as [[Sexual and gender-based violence in the 7 October Hamas-led attack on Israel\|sexual and gender-based violence]], and testimonies to this effect were also collected by Israeli police.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-11-25 \|title=Israel investigates an elusive, horrific enemy: Rape as a weapon of war \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/25/israel-hamas-rape-sexual-violence/ \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|newspaper=Washington Post \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=The Scope of Hamas' Campaign of Rape Against Israeli Women Is Revealed, Testimony After Testimony \|language=en \|work=Haaretz \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-30/ty-article-magazine/.highlight/hamas-campaign-of-rape-against-israeli-women-is-revealed-testimony-after-testimony/0000018c-2144-da36-a1de-6767dac90000 \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-10-15 \|title=Israeli forensic teams describe signs of torture, abuse \|language=en \|work=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israeli-forensic-teams-describe-signs-torture-abuse-2023-10-15/ \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=Israeli Police Collect Eyewitness Testimony of Gang Rape During Hamas Attack \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-08/ty-article/israeli-police-collect-eyewitness-testimony-of-gang-rape-during-hamas-attack/0000018b-b025-d3c1-a39b-bee5ef400000 \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|work=Haaretz \|language=en}}</ref> Haaretz later reported that forensic pathologists who examined bodies of the victims taken the Shura Base for identification found "no signs on any of those bodies attesting to sexual relations having taken place or of mutilation of genitalia."<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Rozovsky \|first=Liza \|date=18 April 2024 \|title=15 Witnesses, Three Confessions, a Pattern of Naked Dead Bodies. All the Evidence of Hamas Rape on October 7 \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2024-04-18/ty-article-magazine/witnesses-confessions-naked-dead-bodies-all-the-evidence-of-hamas-rape-on-oct-7/0000018e-f114-d92e-abfe-f77f7e3f0000 \|access-date=28 November 2024 \|work=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref> Haaretz reported not all bodies could be fully examined given the lack of forensic pathologists, but Israeli forensic pathologists in charge of the process clarified that all bodies had been examined.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Mor \|first=Zohar \|last2=Kugel \|first2=Chen \|last3=Mizrahi \|first3=Hagar \|last4=Kaliner \|first4=Ehud \|date=November 2024 \|title=Mass killing during terror attack at the Israel-Gaza border and the role of the Ministry of Health in identification of human remains and their release \|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39128201/ \|journal=Forensic Science International \|volume=363 \|pages=1 \|doi=10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112188 \|issn=1872-6283 \|pmid=39128201 \|quote=Bodies were delivered to a central mortuary. Each body was coded and undressed for external inspection and documentation of physical elements.}}</ref>

	===Rocket attacks on Israel===		===Rocket attacks on Israel===

Alaexis: /* Attacks on civilians */ this is improper SYNTH; the article says that the bodies were examined but confirms that a lot of them were "disfigured or burned" which is exactly what Haaretz article says, so there is no contradiction

2024-12-28T13:18:47Z

Attacks on civilians: this is improper SYNTH; the article says that the bodies were examined but confirms that a lot of them were "disfigured or burned" which is exactly what Haaretz article says, so there is no contradiction

← Previous revision		Revision as of 13:18, 28 December 2024
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	In 2008, Hamas leader [[Khaled Mashal]], offered that Hamas would attack only military targets if the IDF would stop causing the deaths of Palestinian civilians.<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609190105/http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-date=June 9, 2008 \|title=Mashaal offers to cease civilian attacks \|access-date=June 1, 2016}} March 31, 2008, ''The Jerusalem Post''</ref> Following a June 19, 2008, ceasefire, the al-Qassam Brigades ended its rocket attacks and arrested Fatah militants in Gaza who had continued sporadic rocket and mortar attacks against Israel. The al-Qassam Brigades resumed the attacks after the November 4 Israeli incursion into Gaza.<ref name="ITIC"/><ref name="ynetnews.com"/>[[File:Nova_massacre_dashcam.jpg\|thumb\|The 2023 [[Re'im music festival massacre]] left 364 people dead with many others wounded or taken hostage]]		In 2008, Hamas leader [[Khaled Mashal]], offered that Hamas would attack only military targets if the IDF would stop causing the deaths of Palestinian civilians.<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609190105/http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-date=June 9, 2008 \|title=Mashaal offers to cease civilian attacks \|access-date=June 1, 2016}} March 31, 2008, ''The Jerusalem Post''</ref> Following a June 19, 2008, ceasefire, the al-Qassam Brigades ended its rocket attacks and arrested Fatah militants in Gaza who had continued sporadic rocket and mortar attacks against Israel. The al-Qassam Brigades resumed the attacks after the November 4 Israeli incursion into Gaza.<ref name="ITIC"/><ref name="ynetnews.com"/>[[File:Nova_massacre_dashcam.jpg\|thumb\|The 2023 [[Re'im music festival massacre]] left 364 people dead with many others wounded or taken hostage]]
	During the [[2023 Hamas attack on Israel]], Hamas infiltrated homes, shot civilians en masse, and took scores of Israeli civilians and soldiers as hostages into Gaza.<ref name=":2">{{cite web \|last=Debre \|first=Isabel \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Israeli hostage crisis in Hamas-ruled Gaza becomes a political trap for Netanyahu \|url=https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014211944/https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=AP News}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite web \|last1=Gold \|first1=Hadas \|last2=Murphy \|first2=Paul P. \|last3=Salma \|first3=Abeer \|last4=Dahman \|first4=Ibrahim \|last5=Khadder \|first5=Kareem \|last6=Mezzofiore \|first6=Gianluca \|last7=Goodwin \|first7=Allegra \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Hamas captures hostages as Israelis share photos of those missing \|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014210614/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=CNN}}</ref> According to [[Human Rights Watch]], the deliberate targeting of civilians, indiscriminate attacks, and taking of civilians as hostages amount to [[war crime]]s under international humanitarian law.<ref>{{cite web \|date=9 October 2023 \|title=Israel/Palestine: Devastating Civilian Toll as Parties Flout Legal Obligations \|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009202840/https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|archive-date=9 October 2023 \|website=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}</ref> During its October 2023 offensive against Israel, Hamas massacred 364 people at the [[Re'im music festival massacre\|Re'im music festival]], while abucting others.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/death-count-from-massacre-at-reim-music-festival-reportedly-updated-to-364-a-third-of-oct-7-deaths/\|title=Death count from Re'im music festival massacre reportedly updated to 364 — a third of Oct. 7 fatalities\|work=The Times of Israel\|date=17 November 2023\|access-date=20 November 2023}}</ref><ref name="Morris2023">{{Cite news \|last1=Morris \|first1=Loveday \|last2=Piper \|first2=Imogen \|last3=Sohyun Lee \|first3=Joyce \|last4=George \|first4=Susannah \|date=8 October 2023 \|title=How a night of dancing and revelry in Israel turned into a massacre \|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|url-status=live \|access-date=8 October 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008200354/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|archive-date=8 October 2023}}</ref> During the same offensive, it also was reported that Hamas had massacred the population of the [[Kfar Aza]] kibbutz.<ref>{{cite news \|last=Lubell \|first=Maayan \|date=October 10, 2023 \|title=Bodies of residents and militants lie in the grounds of ravaged Israeli kibbutz \|publisher=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/bodies-residents-militants-lie-grounds-ravaged-israeli-kibbutz-2023-10-10/ \|access-date=October 10, 2023}}</ref> About 10 percent of the residents of the [[Be'eri]] kibbutz were killed.<ref>{{cite news \|title=10 Percent of Kibbutz Population Found Dead After Hamas Massacre in Southern Israel \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-10-10/ty-article/.premium/10-percent-of-kibbutz-population-found-dead-after-hamas-massacre-in-southern-israel/0000018b-191c-df31-a99f-7ddf54fa0000 \|work=Haaretz \|date=10 October 2023}}</ref> Hamas militants attacked the [[Psyduck music festival massacre\|Psyduck festival]], that took place near kibutz Nir Oz, killing 17 [[Israelis\|Israeli]] partygoers.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Ntieb \|first=Arnold \|date=2023-10-10 \|title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה \|trans-title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה Not only in Re'im: The participants of the other southern festival who did not come back \|url=https://www.maariv.co.il/news/military/Article-1043995 \|access-date=2023-12-20 \|website=maariv \|language=he}}</ref> Video footage shows children being deliberately killed during the kibbutz attacks,<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Carroll \|first=Rory \|date=2023-10-23 \|title=Israel shows footage of Hamas killings 'to counter denial of atrocities' \|language=en-GB \|work=The Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/23/israel-shows-footage-of-hamas-killings-to-counter-denial-of-atrocities \|access-date=2023-10-26 \|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> as well as what appears to be an attempt to decapitate a living person using a garden hoe.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=23 October 2023 \|title=Israel shows Hamas bodycam attack footage to journalists \|language=en-GB \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67198270 \|access-date=26 October 2023}}</ref> Forensic teams who examined bodies of victims said many bodies showed signs of torture as well as [[Sexual and gender-based violence in the 7 October Hamas-led attack on Israel\|sexual and gender-based violence]], and testimonies to this effect were also collected by Israeli police.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-11-25 \|title=Israel investigates an elusive, horrific enemy: Rape as a weapon of war \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/25/israel-hamas-rape-sexual-violence/ \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|newspaper=Washington Post \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=The Scope of Hamas' Campaign of Rape Against Israeli Women Is Revealed, Testimony After Testimony \|language=en \|work=Haaretz \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-30/ty-article-magazine/.highlight/hamas-campaign-of-rape-against-israeli-women-is-revealed-testimony-after-testimony/0000018c-2144-da36-a1de-6767dac90000 \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-10-15 \|title=Israeli forensic teams describe signs of torture, abuse \|language=en \|work=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israeli-forensic-teams-describe-signs-torture-abuse-2023-10-15/ \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=Israeli Police Collect Eyewitness Testimony of Gang Rape During Hamas Attack \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-08/ty-article/israeli-police-collect-eyewitness-testimony-of-gang-rape-during-hamas-attack/0000018b-b025-d3c1-a39b-bee5ef400000 \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|work=Haaretz \|language=en}}</ref> Haaretz later reported that forensic pathologists who examined bodies of the victims taken the Shura Base for identification found "no signs on any of those bodies attesting to sexual relations having taken place or of mutilation of genitalia."<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Rozovsky \|first=Liza \|date=18 April 2024 \|title=15 Witnesses, Three Confessions, a Pattern of Naked Dead Bodies. All the Evidence of Hamas Rape on October 7 \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2024-04-18/ty-article-magazine/witnesses-confessions-naked-dead-bodies-all-the-evidence-of-hamas-rape-on-oct-7/0000018e-f114-d92e-abfe-f77f7e3f0000 \|access-date=28 November 2024 \|work=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref> Haaretz reported not all bodies could be fully examined given the lack of forensic pathologists, but Israeli forensic pathologists in charge of the process clarified that all bodies had been examined.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Mor \|first=Zohar \|last2=Kugel \|first2=Chen \|last3=Mizrahi \|first3=Hagar \|last4=Kaliner \|first4=Ehud \|date=November 2024 \|title=Mass killing during terror attack at the Israel-Gaza border and the role of the Ministry of Health in identification of human remains and their release \|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39128201/ \|journal=Forensic Science International \|volume=363 \|pages=1 \|doi=10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112188 \|issn=1872-6283 \|pmid=39128201 \|quote=Bodies were delivered to a central mortuary. Each body was coded and undressed for external inspection and documentation of physical elements.}}</ref>		During the [[2023 Hamas attack on Israel]], Hamas infiltrated homes, shot civilians en masse, and took scores of Israeli civilians and soldiers as hostages into Gaza.<ref name=":2">{{cite web \|last=Debre \|first=Isabel \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Israeli hostage crisis in Hamas-ruled Gaza becomes a political trap for Netanyahu \|url=https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014211944/https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=AP News}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite web \|last1=Gold \|first1=Hadas \|last2=Murphy \|first2=Paul P. \|last3=Salma \|first3=Abeer \|last4=Dahman \|first4=Ibrahim \|last5=Khadder \|first5=Kareem \|last6=Mezzofiore \|first6=Gianluca \|last7=Goodwin \|first7=Allegra \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Hamas captures hostages as Israelis share photos of those missing \|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014210614/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=CNN}}</ref> According to [[Human Rights Watch]], the deliberate targeting of civilians, indiscriminate attacks, and taking of civilians as hostages amount to [[war crime]]s under international humanitarian law.<ref>{{cite web \|date=9 October 2023 \|title=Israel/Palestine: Devastating Civilian Toll as Parties Flout Legal Obligations \|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009202840/https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|archive-date=9 October 2023 \|website=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}</ref> During its October 2023 offensive against Israel, Hamas massacred 364 people at the [[Re'im music festival massacre\|Re'im music festival]], while abucting others.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/death-count-from-massacre-at-reim-music-festival-reportedly-updated-to-364-a-third-of-oct-7-deaths/\|title=Death count from Re'im music festival massacre reportedly updated to 364 — a third of Oct. 7 fatalities\|work=The Times of Israel\|date=17 November 2023\|access-date=20 November 2023}}</ref><ref name="Morris2023">{{Cite news \|last1=Morris \|first1=Loveday \|last2=Piper \|first2=Imogen \|last3=Sohyun Lee \|first3=Joyce \|last4=George \|first4=Susannah \|date=8 October 2023 \|title=How a night of dancing and revelry in Israel turned into a massacre \|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|url-status=live \|access-date=8 October 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008200354/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|archive-date=8 October 2023}}</ref> During the same offensive, it also was reported that Hamas had massacred the population of the [[Kfar Aza]] kibbutz.<ref>{{cite news \|last=Lubell \|first=Maayan \|date=October 10, 2023 \|title=Bodies of residents and militants lie in the grounds of ravaged Israeli kibbutz \|publisher=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/bodies-residents-militants-lie-grounds-ravaged-israeli-kibbutz-2023-10-10/ \|access-date=October 10, 2023}}</ref> About 10 percent of the residents of the [[Be'eri]] kibbutz were killed.<ref>{{cite news \|title=10 Percent of Kibbutz Population Found Dead After Hamas Massacre in Southern Israel \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-10-10/ty-article/.premium/10-percent-of-kibbutz-population-found-dead-after-hamas-massacre-in-southern-israel/0000018b-191c-df31-a99f-7ddf54fa0000 \|work=Haaretz \|date=10 October 2023}}</ref> Hamas militants attacked the [[Psyduck music festival massacre\|Psyduck festival]], that took place near kibutz Nir Oz, killing 17 [[Israelis\|Israeli]] partygoers.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Ntieb \|first=Arnold \|date=2023-10-10 \|title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה \|trans-title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה Not only in Re'im: The participants of the other southern festival who did not come back \|url=https://www.maariv.co.il/news/military/Article-1043995 \|access-date=2023-12-20 \|website=maariv \|language=he}}</ref> Video footage shows children being deliberately killed during the kibbutz attacks,<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Carroll \|first=Rory \|date=2023-10-23 \|title=Israel shows footage of Hamas killings 'to counter denial of atrocities' \|language=en-GB \|work=The Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/23/israel-shows-footage-of-hamas-killings-to-counter-denial-of-atrocities \|access-date=2023-10-26 \|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> as well as what appears to be an attempt to decapitate a living person using a garden hoe.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=23 October 2023 \|title=Israel shows Hamas bodycam attack footage to journalists \|language=en-GB \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67198270 \|access-date=26 October 2023}}</ref> Forensic teams who examined bodies of victims said many bodies showed signs of torture as well as [[Sexual and gender-based violence in the 7 October Hamas-led attack on Israel\|sexual and gender-based violence]], and testimonies to this effect were also collected by Israeli police.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-11-25 \|title=Israel investigates an elusive, horrific enemy: Rape as a weapon of war \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/25/israel-hamas-rape-sexual-violence/ \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|newspaper=Washington Post \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=The Scope of Hamas' Campaign of Rape Against Israeli Women Is Revealed, Testimony After Testimony \|language=en \|work=Haaretz \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-30/ty-article-magazine/.highlight/hamas-campaign-of-rape-against-israeli-women-is-revealed-testimony-after-testimony/0000018c-2144-da36-a1de-6767dac90000 \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-10-15 \|title=Israeli forensic teams describe signs of torture, abuse \|language=en \|work=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israeli-forensic-teams-describe-signs-torture-abuse-2023-10-15/ \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=Israeli Police Collect Eyewitness Testimony of Gang Rape During Hamas Attack \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-08/ty-article/israeli-police-collect-eyewitness-testimony-of-gang-rape-during-hamas-attack/0000018b-b025-d3c1-a39b-bee5ef400000 \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|work=Haaretz \|language=en}}</ref> Haaretz later reported that forensic pathologists who examined bodies of the victims taken the Shura Base for identification found "no signs on any of those bodies attesting to sexual relations having taken place or of mutilation of genitalia." Haaretz reported not all bodies could be fully examined given the lack of forensic pathologists, but Israeli forensic pathologists in charge of the process and the deteriorated state of some bodies.<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Rozovsky \|first=Liza \|date=18 April 2024 \|title=15 Witnesses, Three Confessions, a Pattern of Naked Dead Bodies. All the Evidence of Hamas Rape on October 7 \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2024-04-18/ty-article-magazine/witnesses-confessions-naked-dead-bodies-all-the-evidence-of-hamas-rape-on-oct-7/0000018e-f114-d92e-abfe-f77f7e3f0000 \|access-date=28 November 2024 \|work=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref>

	===Rocket attacks on Israel===		===Rocket attacks on Israel===

Industrial Metal Brain: Section order. Added a summary of a section from a linked page.

2024-12-28T09:35:43Z

Section order. Added a summary of a section from a linked page.

Show changes

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	In 2008, Hamas leader [[Khaled Mashal]], offered that Hamas would attack only military targets if the IDF would stop causing the deaths of Palestinian civilians.<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609190105/http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-date=June 9, 2008 \|title=Mashaal offers to cease civilian attacks \|access-date=June 1, 2016}} March 31, 2008, ''The Jerusalem Post''</ref> Following a June 19, 2008, ceasefire, the al-Qassam Brigades ended its rocket attacks and arrested Fatah militants in Gaza who had continued sporadic rocket and mortar attacks against Israel. The al-Qassam Brigades resumed the attacks after the November 4 Israeli incursion into Gaza.<ref name="ITIC"/><ref name="ynetnews.com"/>[[File:Nova_massacre_dashcam.jpg\|thumb\|The 2023 [[Re'im music festival massacre]] left 364 people dead with many others wounded or taken hostage]]		In 2008, Hamas leader [[Khaled Mashal]], offered that Hamas would attack only military targets if the IDF would stop causing the deaths of Palestinian civilians.<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609190105/http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1206632372365&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull \|archive-date=June 9, 2008 \|title=Mashaal offers to cease civilian attacks \|access-date=June 1, 2016}} March 31, 2008, ''The Jerusalem Post''</ref> Following a June 19, 2008, ceasefire, the al-Qassam Brigades ended its rocket attacks and arrested Fatah militants in Gaza who had continued sporadic rocket and mortar attacks against Israel. The al-Qassam Brigades resumed the attacks after the November 4 Israeli incursion into Gaza.<ref name="ITIC"/><ref name="ynetnews.com"/>[[File:Nova_massacre_dashcam.jpg\|thumb\|The 2023 [[Re'im music festival massacre]] left 364 people dead with many others wounded or taken hostage]]
	During the [[2023 Hamas attack on Israel]], Hamas infiltrated homes, shot civilians en masse, and took scores of Israeli civilians and soldiers as hostages into Gaza.<ref name=":2">{{cite web \|last=Debre \|first=Isabel \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Israeli hostage crisis in Hamas-ruled Gaza becomes a political trap for Netanyahu \|url=https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014211944/https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=AP News}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite web \|last1=Gold \|first1=Hadas \|last2=Murphy \|first2=Paul P. \|last3=Salma \|first3=Abeer \|last4=Dahman \|first4=Ibrahim \|last5=Khadder \|first5=Kareem \|last6=Mezzofiore \|first6=Gianluca \|last7=Goodwin \|first7=Allegra \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Hamas captures hostages as Israelis share photos of those missing \|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014210614/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=CNN}}</ref> According to [[Human Rights Watch]], the deliberate targeting of civilians, indiscriminate attacks, and taking of civilians as hostages amount to [[war crime]]s under international humanitarian law.<ref>{{cite web \|date=9 October 2023 \|title=Israel/Palestine: Devastating Civilian Toll as Parties Flout Legal Obligations \|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009202840/https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|archive-date=9 October 2023 \|website=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}</ref> During its October 2023 offensive against Israel, Hamas massacred 364 people at the [[Re'im music festival massacre\|Re'im music festival]], while abucting others.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/death-count-from-massacre-at-reim-music-festival-reportedly-updated-to-364-a-third-of-oct-7-deaths/\|title=Death count from Re'im music festival massacre reportedly updated to 364 — a third of Oct. 7 fatalities\|work=The Times of Israel\|date=17 November 2023\|access-date=20 November 2023}}</ref><ref name="Morris2023">{{Cite news \|last1=Morris \|first1=Loveday \|last2=Piper \|first2=Imogen \|last3=Sohyun Lee \|first3=Joyce \|last4=George \|first4=Susannah \|date=8 October 2023 \|title=How a night of dancing and revelry in Israel turned into a massacre \|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|url-status=live \|access-date=8 October 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008200354/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|archive-date=8 October 2023}}</ref> During the same offensive, it also was reported that Hamas had massacred the population of the [[Kfar Aza]] kibbutz.<ref>{{cite news \|last=Lubell \|first=Maayan \|date=October 10, 2023 \|title=Bodies of residents and militants lie in the grounds of ravaged Israeli kibbutz \|publisher=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/bodies-residents-militants-lie-grounds-ravaged-israeli-kibbutz-2023-10-10/ \|access-date=October 10, 2023}}</ref> About 10 percent of the residents of the [[Be'eri]] kibbutz were killed.<ref>{{cite news \|title=10 Percent of Kibbutz Population Found Dead After Hamas Massacre in Southern Israel \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-10-10/ty-article/.premium/10-percent-of-kibbutz-population-found-dead-after-hamas-massacre-in-southern-israel/0000018b-191c-df31-a99f-7ddf54fa0000 \|work=Haaretz \|date=10 October 2023}}</ref> Hamas militants attacked the [[Psyduck music festival massacre\|Psyduck festival]], that took place near kibutz Nir Oz, killing 17 [[Israelis\|Israeli]] partygoers.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Ntieb \|first=Arnold \|date=2023-10-10 \|title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה \|trans-title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה Not only in Re'im: The participants of the other southern festival who did not come back \|url=https://www.maariv.co.il/news/military/Article-1043995 \|access-date=2023-12-20 \|website=maariv \|language=he}}</ref> Video footage shows children being deliberately killed during the kibbutz attacks,<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Carroll \|first=Rory \|date=2023-10-23 \|title=Israel shows footage of Hamas killings 'to counter denial of atrocities' \|language=en-GB \|work=The Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/23/israel-shows-footage-of-hamas-killings-to-counter-denial-of-atrocities \|access-date=2023-10-26 \|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> as well as what appears to be an attempt to decapitate a living person using a garden hoe.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=23 October 2023 \|title=Israel shows Hamas bodycam attack footage to journalists \|language=en-GB \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67198270 \|access-date=26 October 2023}}</ref> Forensic teams who examined bodies of victims said many bodies showed signs of torture as well as [[Sexual and gender-based violence in the 7 October Hamas-led attack on Israel\|sexual and gender-based violence]], and testimonies to this effect were also collected by Israeli police.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-11-25 \|title=Israel investigates an elusive, horrific enemy: Rape as a weapon of war \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/25/israel-hamas-rape-sexual-violence/ \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|newspaper=Washington Post \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=The Scope of Hamas' Campaign of Rape Against Israeli Women Is Revealed, Testimony After Testimony \|language=en \|work=Haaretz \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-30/ty-article-magazine/.highlight/hamas-campaign-of-rape-against-israeli-women-is-revealed-testimony-after-testimony/0000018c-2144-da36-a1de-6767dac90000 \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-10-15 \|title=Israeli forensic teams describe signs of torture, abuse \|language=en \|work=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israeli-forensic-teams-describe-signs-torture-abuse-2023-10-15/ \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=Israeli Police Collect Eyewitness Testimony of Gang Rape During Hamas Attack \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-08/ty-article/israeli-police-collect-eyewitness-testimony-of-gang-rape-during-hamas-attack/0000018b-b025-d3c1-a39b-bee5ef400000 \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|work=Haaretz \|language=en}}</ref> Haaretz later reported that forensic pathologists who examined bodies of the victims taken the Shura Base for identification found "no signs on any of those bodies attesting to sexual relations having taken place or of mutilation of genitalia."<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Rozovsky \|first=Liza \|date=18 April 2024 \|title=15 Witnesses, Three Confessions, a Pattern of Naked Dead Bodies. All the Evidence of Hamas Rape on October 7 \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2024-04-18/ty-article-magazine/witnesses-confessions-naked-dead-bodies-all-the-evidence-of-hamas-rape-on-oct-7/0000018e-f114-d92e-abfe-f77f7e3f0000 \|access-date=28 November 2024 \|work=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref> Haaretz reported not all bodies could be fully examined given the lack of forensic pathologists, but Israeli forensic pathologists in charge of the process clarified that all bodies had been examined.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Mor \|first=Zohar \|last2=Kugel \|first2=Chen \|last3=Mizrahi \|first3=Hagar \|last4=Kaliner \|first4=Ehud \|date=2024~~-10~~ \|title=Mass killing during terror attack at the Israel-Gaza border and the role of the Ministry of Health in identification of human remains and their release \|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39128201/ \|journal=Forensic Science International \|volume=363 \|pages=~~112188~~ \|doi=10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112188 \|issn=1872-6283 \|pmid=39128201 \|quote=Bodies were delivered to a central mortuary. Each body was coded and undressed for external inspection and documentation of physical elements.}}</ref>		During the [[2023 Hamas attack on Israel]], Hamas infiltrated homes, shot civilians en masse, and took scores of Israeli civilians and soldiers as hostages into Gaza.<ref name=":2">{{cite web \|last=Debre \|first=Isabel \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Israeli hostage crisis in Hamas-ruled Gaza becomes a political trap for Netanyahu \|url=https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014211944/https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-israel-military-prisoners-hostage-hamas-soldiers-e75729364f8c0b453da272365c16d136 \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=AP News}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite web \|last1=Gold \|first1=Hadas \|last2=Murphy \|first2=Paul P. \|last3=Salma \|first3=Abeer \|last4=Dahman \|first4=Ibrahim \|last5=Khadder \|first5=Kareem \|last6=Mezzofiore \|first6=Gianluca \|last7=Goodwin \|first7=Allegra \|date=October 8, 2023 \|title=Hamas captures hostages as Israelis share photos of those missing \|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014210614/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/hostages-hamas-israel-gaza/index.html \|archive-date=October 14, 2023 \|access-date=October 15, 2023 \|publisher=CNN}}</ref> According to [[Human Rights Watch]], the deliberate targeting of civilians, indiscriminate attacks, and taking of civilians as hostages amount to [[war crime]]s under international humanitarian law.<ref>{{cite web \|date=9 October 2023 \|title=Israel/Palestine: Devastating Civilian Toll as Parties Flout Legal Obligations \|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009202840/https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations \|archive-date=9 October 2023 \|website=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}</ref> During its October 2023 offensive against Israel, Hamas massacred 364 people at the [[Re'im music festival massacre\|Re'im music festival]], while abucting others.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/death-count-from-massacre-at-reim-music-festival-reportedly-updated-to-364-a-third-of-oct-7-deaths/\|title=Death count from Re'im music festival massacre reportedly updated to 364 — a third of Oct. 7 fatalities\|work=The Times of Israel\|date=17 November 2023\|access-date=20 November 2023}}</ref><ref name="Morris2023">{{Cite news \|last1=Morris \|first1=Loveday \|last2=Piper \|first2=Imogen \|last3=Sohyun Lee \|first3=Joyce \|last4=George \|first4=Susannah \|date=8 October 2023 \|title=How a night of dancing and revelry in Israel turned into a massacre \|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|url-status=live \|access-date=8 October 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008200354/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/08/israel-festival-attack-gaza-militants/ \|archive-date=8 October 2023}}</ref> During the same offensive, it also was reported that Hamas had massacred the population of the [[Kfar Aza]] kibbutz.<ref>{{cite news \|last=Lubell \|first=Maayan \|date=October 10, 2023 \|title=Bodies of residents and militants lie in the grounds of ravaged Israeli kibbutz \|publisher=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/bodies-residents-militants-lie-grounds-ravaged-israeli-kibbutz-2023-10-10/ \|access-date=October 10, 2023}}</ref> About 10 percent of the residents of the [[Be'eri]] kibbutz were killed.<ref>{{cite news \|title=10 Percent of Kibbutz Population Found Dead After Hamas Massacre in Southern Israel \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-10-10/ty-article/.premium/10-percent-of-kibbutz-population-found-dead-after-hamas-massacre-in-southern-israel/0000018b-191c-df31-a99f-7ddf54fa0000 \|work=Haaretz \|date=10 October 2023}}</ref> Hamas militants attacked the [[Psyduck music festival massacre\|Psyduck festival]], that took place near kibutz Nir Oz, killing 17 [[Israelis\|Israeli]] partygoers.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Ntieb \|first=Arnold \|date=2023-10-10 \|title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה \|trans-title=לא רק ברעים: המסיבה הנוספת בדרום שמשתתפיה טרם שבו הביתה Not only in Re'im: The participants of the other southern festival who did not come back \|url=https://www.maariv.co.il/news/military/Article-1043995 \|access-date=2023-12-20 \|website=maariv \|language=he}}</ref> Video footage shows children being deliberately killed during the kibbutz attacks,<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Carroll \|first=Rory \|date=2023-10-23 \|title=Israel shows footage of Hamas killings 'to counter denial of atrocities' \|language=en-GB \|work=The Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/23/israel-shows-footage-of-hamas-killings-to-counter-denial-of-atrocities \|access-date=2023-10-26 \|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> as well as what appears to be an attempt to decapitate a living person using a garden hoe.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=23 October 2023 \|title=Israel shows Hamas bodycam attack footage to journalists \|language=en-GB \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67198270 \|access-date=26 October 2023}}</ref> Forensic teams who examined bodies of victims said many bodies showed signs of torture as well as [[Sexual and gender-based violence in the 7 October Hamas-led attack on Israel\|sexual and gender-based violence]], and testimonies to this effect were also collected by Israeli police.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-11-25 \|title=Israel investigates an elusive, horrific enemy: Rape as a weapon of war \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/25/israel-hamas-rape-sexual-violence/ \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|newspaper=Washington Post \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=The Scope of Hamas' Campaign of Rape Against Israeli Women Is Revealed, Testimony After Testimony \|language=en \|work=Haaretz \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-30/ty-article-magazine/.highlight/hamas-campaign-of-rape-against-israeli-women-is-revealed-testimony-after-testimony/0000018c-2144-da36-a1de-6767dac90000 \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=2023-10-15 \|title=Israeli forensic teams describe signs of torture, abuse \|language=en \|work=Reuters \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israeli-forensic-teams-describe-signs-torture-abuse-2023-10-15/ \|access-date=2023-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=Israeli Police Collect Eyewitness Testimony of Gang Rape During Hamas Attack \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-11-08/ty-article/israeli-police-collect-eyewitness-testimony-of-gang-rape-during-hamas-attack/0000018b-b025-d3c1-a39b-bee5ef400000 \|access-date=2023-12-04 \|work=Haaretz \|language=en}}</ref> Haaretz later reported that forensic pathologists who examined bodies of the victims taken the Shura Base for identification found "no signs on any of those bodies attesting to sexual relations having taken place or of mutilation of genitalia."<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Rozovsky \|first=Liza \|date=18 April 2024 \|title=15 Witnesses, Three Confessions, a Pattern of Naked Dead Bodies. All the Evidence of Hamas Rape on October 7 \|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2024-04-18/ty-article-magazine/witnesses-confessions-naked-dead-bodies-all-the-evidence-of-hamas-rape-on-oct-7/0000018e-f114-d92e-abfe-f77f7e3f0000 \|access-date=28 November 2024 \|work=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref> Haaretz reported not all bodies could be fully examined given the lack of forensic pathologists, but Israeli forensic pathologists in charge of the process clarified that all bodies had been examined.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Mor \|first=Zohar \|last2=Kugel \|first2=Chen \|last3=Mizrahi \|first3=Hagar \|last4=Kaliner \|first4=Ehud \|date=November 2024 \|title=Mass killing during terror attack at the Israel-Gaza border and the role of the Ministry of Health in identification of human remains and their release \|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39128201/ \|journal=Forensic Science International \|volume=363 \|pages=1 \|doi=10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112188 \|issn=1872-6283 \|pmid=39128201 \|quote=Bodies were delivered to a central mortuary. Each body was coded and undressed for external inspection and documentation of physical elements.}}</ref>

	===Rocket attacks on Israel===		===Rocket attacks on Israel===