Interlingue - Revision history

Qwerfjkl: Added 1 {{Bare URL inline}} tag(s) using a script. For other recently-tagged pages with bare URLs, see :Category:Articles with bare URLs for citations from August 2024

2024-08-17T20:47:46Z

Added 1 {{Bare URL inline}} tag(s) using a script. For other recently-tagged pages with bare URLs, see Category:Articles with bare URLs for citations from August 2024

← Previous revision		Revision as of 20:47, 17 August 2024
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	As was the case for other planned languages, the arrival of the Internet spurred Interlingue's revival.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web\|last=Barandovská-Frank\|first=Vĕra\|title=Latinidaj planlingvoj (AIS-kurso, 1 studunuo)\|url=http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf\|access-date=22 January 2019\|archive-date=23 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123010131/http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> In the year 1999 the first [[Yahoo! Groups\|Yahoo! Group]] in Occidental was founded, ''Cosmoglotta'' had begun publishing intermittently again, and the language became a subject of discussion in literature on auxiliary languages.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/historie.html\|access-date=30 January 2019\|website=www.ie-munde.com\|archive-date=30 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130162516/https://www.ie-munde.com/historie.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> One example is ''The [[Esperanto]] Book'' released in 1995 by Harlow, who wrote that Occidental had an intentional emphasis on European forms and that some of its leading followers espoused a [[Eurocentrism\|Eurocentric]] philosophy, which may have hindered its spread.<ref name="harlow2000" /><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 33\|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=39&size=45\|access-date=20 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203551/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=39&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref> Still, the opposite view<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 64\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=68&size=45\|quote=Yo confesse que yo vide poc in li Europan cultura del ultim 1900 annus quel es tam remarcabilmen preciosi. To quo es max visibil es tyrannie, oppression, guerres e nigri superstition.\|access-date=18 October 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014456/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=68&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1949, p.108\|url=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131845221/Cosmoglotta%20A%20149%20%28oct%201949%29\|quote=In ti témpor yo esset in Sydney, e pro que yo havet grand interesse por li indigenes e volet converter mi blanc fratres a un bon opinion pri ili, yo scrit in li presse pri ti heroic action e comparat li brutalitá del blanc rasse con li conciliantie e self-sacrificie del negros.\|access-date=18 October 2020\|archive-date=24 July 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724141051/http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131845221/Cosmoglotta%20A%20149%20%28oct%201949%29\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":6" /> was also common in the community and Occidental gained adherents in many nations including Asian nations.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1937\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&size=45&page=114\|quote=JAPAN: Kokusaigo-Kenkyusho, Daita 11-784, Setagaya, TOKIO (Pch. Tokio 62 061)\|access-date=29 January 2019\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415015404/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&size=45&page=114\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1958, p. 66, 77\|website=[[GitHub]]\|url=https://github.com/occidental-lang/occidental-lang.github.io/blob/master/resources/Cosmoglotta_V_1958.pdf\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=15 September 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915114204/https://github.com/occidental-lang/occidental-lang.github.io/blob/master/resources/Cosmoglotta_V_1958.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> An Interlingue [[Wikipedia]] was approved in 2004. In recent years official meetings of Interlingue speakers have resumed: one in [[Ulm]] in 2013,<ref>{{Cite journal\|title=Litt incontra in Ulm.\|journal=IE-MUNDE (Revúe in Interlingue-Occidental) Numeró 7 – Octobre 2013}}</ref> another in [[Munich]] in 2014 with three participants,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/incontra-de-interlingue-7-im-de-april-2014-in-muenchen.html\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|website=www.ie-munde.com\|access-date=30 January 2019\|archive-date=30 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130162556/https://www.ie-munde.com/incontra-de-interlingue-7-im-de-april-2014-in-muenchen.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> and a third in Ulm the next year with five.<ref>{{Cite journal\|title=TRIESIM MINI-INCONTRA DE INTERLINGUE\|journal=IE-MUNDE (Revúe in Interlingue-Occidental) Numeró 11 – Octobre 2015}}</ref>		As was the case for other planned languages, the arrival of the Internet spurred Interlingue's revival.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web\|last=Barandovská-Frank\|first=Vĕra\|title=Latinidaj planlingvoj (AIS-kurso, 1 studunuo)\|url=http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf\|access-date=22 January 2019\|archive-date=23 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123010131/http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> In the year 1999 the first [[Yahoo! Groups\|Yahoo! Group]] in Occidental was founded, ''Cosmoglotta'' had begun publishing intermittently again, and the language became a subject of discussion in literature on auxiliary languages.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/historie.html\|access-date=30 January 2019\|website=www.ie-munde.com\|archive-date=30 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130162516/https://www.ie-munde.com/historie.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> One example is ''The [[Esperanto]] Book'' released in 1995 by Harlow, who wrote that Occidental had an intentional emphasis on European forms and that some of its leading followers espoused a [[Eurocentrism\|Eurocentric]] philosophy, which may have hindered its spread.<ref name="harlow2000" /><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 33\|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=39&size=45\|access-date=20 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203551/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=39&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref> Still, the opposite view<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 64\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=68&size=45\|quote=Yo confesse que yo vide poc in li Europan cultura del ultim 1900 annus quel es tam remarcabilmen preciosi. To quo es max visibil es tyrannie, oppression, guerres e nigri superstition.\|access-date=18 October 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014456/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=68&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1949, p.108\|url=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131845221/Cosmoglotta%20A%20149%20%28oct%201949%29\|quote=In ti témpor yo esset in Sydney, e pro que yo havet grand interesse por li indigenes e volet converter mi blanc fratres a un bon opinion pri ili, yo scrit in li presse pri ti heroic action e comparat li brutalitá del blanc rasse con li conciliantie e self-sacrificie del negros.\|access-date=18 October 2020\|archive-date=24 July 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724141051/http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131845221/Cosmoglotta%20A%20149%20%28oct%201949%29\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":6" /> was also common in the community and Occidental gained adherents in many nations including Asian nations.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1937\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&size=45&page=114\|quote=JAPAN: Kokusaigo-Kenkyusho, Daita 11-784, Setagaya, TOKIO (Pch. Tokio 62 061)\|access-date=29 January 2019\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415015404/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&size=45&page=114\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1958, p. 66, 77\|website=[[GitHub]]\|url=https://github.com/occidental-lang/occidental-lang.github.io/blob/master/resources/Cosmoglotta_V_1958.pdf\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=15 September 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915114204/https://github.com/occidental-lang/occidental-lang.github.io/blob/master/resources/Cosmoglotta_V_1958.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> An Interlingue [[Wikipedia]] was approved in 2004. In recent years official meetings of Interlingue speakers have resumed: one in [[Ulm]] in 2013,<ref>{{Cite journal\|title=Litt incontra in Ulm.\|journal=IE-MUNDE (Revúe in Interlingue-Occidental) Numeró 7 – Octobre 2013}}</ref> another in [[Munich]] in 2014 with three participants,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/incontra-de-interlingue-7-im-de-april-2014-in-muenchen.html\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|website=www.ie-munde.com\|access-date=30 January 2019\|archive-date=30 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130162556/https://www.ie-munde.com/incontra-de-interlingue-7-im-de-april-2014-in-muenchen.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> and a third in Ulm the next year with five.<ref>{{Cite journal\|title=TRIESIM MINI-INCONTRA DE INTERLINGUE\|journal=IE-MUNDE (Revúe in Interlingue-Occidental) Numeró 11 – Octobre 2015}}</ref>

	The most recent edition of ''Cosmoglotta'' is volume 333, for the period from January to June 2024.<ref>https://archive.org/search?query=creator:Interlingue-Union</ref>		The most recent edition of ''Cosmoglotta'' is volume 333, for the period from January to June 2024.<ref>https://archive.org/search?query=creator:Interlingue-Union {{Bare URL inline\|date=August 2024}}</ref>

	Recent years have shown new books published in Interlingue such as ''[[The Little Prince]]'',<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/textus-in-interlingue.html\|access-date=23 January 2022\|website=www.ie-munde.com}}</ref> the [[Gospel of Mark]],<ref name=":0"/> [[wikibooks:Salute, Jonathan!\|Salute, Jonathan!]],<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas\|oclc=}}</ref><ref name="fabules">{{Cite book\|title=Fabules, racontas e mites\|oclc=}}</ref> and works including ''Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas'', ''Antologie hispan,'' and ''Fabules, racontas e mites''.		Recent years have shown new books published in Interlingue such as ''[[The Little Prince]]'',<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/textus-in-interlingue.html\|access-date=23 January 2022\|website=www.ie-munde.com}}</ref> the [[Gospel of Mark]],<ref name=":0"/> [[wikibooks:Salute, Jonathan!\|Salute, Jonathan!]],<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas\|oclc=}}</ref><ref name="fabules">{{Cite book\|title=Fabules, racontas e mites\|oclc=}}</ref> and works including ''Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas'', ''Antologie hispan,'' and ''Fabules, racontas e mites''.
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	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	! rowspan="2" scope="row" \|[[Plosive]]/<br>[[affricate]]		! rowspan="2" scope="row" \|[[Plosive]]/<br />[[affricate]]
	! scope="row" \|{{small\|[[Fortis and lenis\|fortis]]}}		! scope="row" \|{{small\|[[Fortis and lenis\|fortis]]}}
	\|{{IPA link\|p}}		\|{{IPA link\|p}}
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	Amen.</poem>}}		Amen.</poem>}}
	\|		\|
	Pater noster, qui es in cælis,<br>		Pater noster, qui es in cælis,<br />
	sanctificetur nomen tuum.<br>		sanctificetur nomen tuum.<br />
	Adveniat regnum tuum.<br>		Adveniat regnum tuum.<br />
	Fiat voluntas tua,<br>		Fiat voluntas tua,<br />
	sicut in cælo, et in terra.<br>		sicut in cælo, et in terra.<br />
	Panem nostrum quotidianum da nobis hodie,<br>		Panem nostrum quotidianum da nobis hodie,<br />
	et dimitte nobis debita nostra,<br>		et dimitte nobis debita nostra,<br />
	sicut et nos dimittimus debitoribus nostris.<br>		sicut et nos dimittimus debitoribus nostris.<br />
	Et ne nos inducas in tentationem,<br>		Et ne nos inducas in tentationem,<br />
	sed libera nos a malo.<br>		sed libera nos a malo.<br />
	Amen.		Amen.
	\|		\|
	Our father, who art in heaven,<br>		Our father, who art in heaven,<br />
	hallowed be thy name;<br>		hallowed be thy name;<br />
	thy kingdom come,<br>		thy kingdom come,<br />
	thy will be done.<br>		thy will be done.<br />
	on earth, as it is in heaven.<br>		on earth, as it is in heaven.<br />
	Give us this day our daily bread;<br>		Give us this day our daily bread;<br />
	and forgive us our debts<br>		and forgive us our debts<br />
	as we have forgiven our debtors.<br>		as we have forgiven our debtors.<br />
	And lead us not into temptation,<br>		And lead us not into temptation,<br />
	but deliver us from evil.<br>		but deliver us from evil.<br />
	Amen.		Amen.
	\|-		\|-

2001:4646:2494:0:2C1C:396A:E3B8:C7C1 at 04:44, 13 August 2024

2024-08-13T04:44:26Z

← Previous revision		Revision as of 04:44, 13 August 2024
Line 103:		Line 103:
	As was the case for other planned languages, the arrival of the Internet spurred Interlingue's revival.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web\|last=Barandovská-Frank\|first=Vĕra\|title=Latinidaj planlingvoj (AIS-kurso, 1 studunuo)\|url=http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf\|access-date=22 January 2019\|archive-date=23 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123010131/http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> In the year 1999 the first [[Yahoo! Groups\|Yahoo! Group]] in Occidental was founded, ''Cosmoglotta'' had begun publishing intermittently again, and the language became a subject of discussion in literature on auxiliary languages.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/historie.html\|access-date=30 January 2019\|website=www.ie-munde.com\|archive-date=30 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130162516/https://www.ie-munde.com/historie.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> One example is ''The [[Esperanto]] Book'' released in 1995 by Harlow, who wrote that Occidental had an intentional emphasis on European forms and that some of its leading followers espoused a [[Eurocentrism\|Eurocentric]] philosophy, which may have hindered its spread.<ref name="harlow2000" /><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 33\|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=39&size=45\|access-date=20 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203551/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=39&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref> Still, the opposite view<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 64\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=68&size=45\|quote=Yo confesse que yo vide poc in li Europan cultura del ultim 1900 annus quel es tam remarcabilmen preciosi. To quo es max visibil es tyrannie, oppression, guerres e nigri superstition.\|access-date=18 October 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014456/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=68&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1949, p.108\|url=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131845221/Cosmoglotta%20A%20149%20%28oct%201949%29\|quote=In ti témpor yo esset in Sydney, e pro que yo havet grand interesse por li indigenes e volet converter mi blanc fratres a un bon opinion pri ili, yo scrit in li presse pri ti heroic action e comparat li brutalitá del blanc rasse con li conciliantie e self-sacrificie del negros.\|access-date=18 October 2020\|archive-date=24 July 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724141051/http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131845221/Cosmoglotta%20A%20149%20%28oct%201949%29\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":6" /> was also common in the community and Occidental gained adherents in many nations including Asian nations.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1937\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&size=45&page=114\|quote=JAPAN: Kokusaigo-Kenkyusho, Daita 11-784, Setagaya, TOKIO (Pch. Tokio 62 061)\|access-date=29 January 2019\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415015404/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&size=45&page=114\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1958, p. 66, 77\|website=[[GitHub]]\|url=https://github.com/occidental-lang/occidental-lang.github.io/blob/master/resources/Cosmoglotta_V_1958.pdf\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=15 September 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915114204/https://github.com/occidental-lang/occidental-lang.github.io/blob/master/resources/Cosmoglotta_V_1958.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> An Interlingue [[Wikipedia]] was approved in 2004. In recent years official meetings of Interlingue speakers have resumed: one in [[Ulm]] in 2013,<ref>{{Cite journal\|title=Litt incontra in Ulm.\|journal=IE-MUNDE (Revúe in Interlingue-Occidental) Numeró 7 – Octobre 2013}}</ref> another in [[Munich]] in 2014 with three participants,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/incontra-de-interlingue-7-im-de-april-2014-in-muenchen.html\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|website=www.ie-munde.com\|access-date=30 January 2019\|archive-date=30 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130162556/https://www.ie-munde.com/incontra-de-interlingue-7-im-de-april-2014-in-muenchen.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> and a third in Ulm the next year with five.<ref>{{Cite journal\|title=TRIESIM MINI-INCONTRA DE INTERLINGUE\|journal=IE-MUNDE (Revúe in Interlingue-Occidental) Numeró 11 – Octobre 2015}}</ref>		As was the case for other planned languages, the arrival of the Internet spurred Interlingue's revival.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web\|last=Barandovská-Frank\|first=Vĕra\|title=Latinidaj planlingvoj (AIS-kurso, 1 studunuo)\|url=http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf\|access-date=22 January 2019\|archive-date=23 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123010131/http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> In the year 1999 the first [[Yahoo! Groups\|Yahoo! Group]] in Occidental was founded, ''Cosmoglotta'' had begun publishing intermittently again, and the language became a subject of discussion in literature on auxiliary languages.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/historie.html\|access-date=30 January 2019\|website=www.ie-munde.com\|archive-date=30 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130162516/https://www.ie-munde.com/historie.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> One example is ''The [[Esperanto]] Book'' released in 1995 by Harlow, who wrote that Occidental had an intentional emphasis on European forms and that some of its leading followers espoused a [[Eurocentrism\|Eurocentric]] philosophy, which may have hindered its spread.<ref name="harlow2000" /><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 33\|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=39&size=45\|access-date=20 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203551/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=39&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref> Still, the opposite view<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 64\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=68&size=45\|quote=Yo confesse que yo vide poc in li Europan cultura del ultim 1900 annus quel es tam remarcabilmen preciosi. To quo es max visibil es tyrannie, oppression, guerres e nigri superstition.\|access-date=18 October 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014456/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=68&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1949, p.108\|url=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131845221/Cosmoglotta%20A%20149%20%28oct%201949%29\|quote=In ti témpor yo esset in Sydney, e pro que yo havet grand interesse por li indigenes e volet converter mi blanc fratres a un bon opinion pri ili, yo scrit in li presse pri ti heroic action e comparat li brutalitá del blanc rasse con li conciliantie e self-sacrificie del negros.\|access-date=18 October 2020\|archive-date=24 July 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724141051/http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131845221/Cosmoglotta%20A%20149%20%28oct%201949%29\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":6" /> was also common in the community and Occidental gained adherents in many nations including Asian nations.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1937\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&size=45&page=114\|quote=JAPAN: Kokusaigo-Kenkyusho, Daita 11-784, Setagaya, TOKIO (Pch. Tokio 62 061)\|access-date=29 January 2019\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415015404/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&size=45&page=114\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1958, p. 66, 77\|website=[[GitHub]]\|url=https://github.com/occidental-lang/occidental-lang.github.io/blob/master/resources/Cosmoglotta_V_1958.pdf\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=15 September 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915114204/https://github.com/occidental-lang/occidental-lang.github.io/blob/master/resources/Cosmoglotta_V_1958.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> An Interlingue [[Wikipedia]] was approved in 2004. In recent years official meetings of Interlingue speakers have resumed: one in [[Ulm]] in 2013,<ref>{{Cite journal\|title=Litt incontra in Ulm.\|journal=IE-MUNDE (Revúe in Interlingue-Occidental) Numeró 7 – Octobre 2013}}</ref> another in [[Munich]] in 2014 with three participants,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/incontra-de-interlingue-7-im-de-april-2014-in-muenchen.html\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|website=www.ie-munde.com\|access-date=30 January 2019\|archive-date=30 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130162556/https://www.ie-munde.com/incontra-de-interlingue-7-im-de-april-2014-in-muenchen.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> and a third in Ulm the next year with five.<ref>{{Cite journal\|title=TRIESIM MINI-INCONTRA DE INTERLINGUE\|journal=IE-MUNDE (Revúe in Interlingue-Occidental) Numeró 11 – Octobre 2015}}</ref>

	The most recent edition of ''Cosmoglotta'' is volume 333 from 2024.<ref>https://archive.org/search?query=creator:Interlingue+Union</ref>		The most recent edition of ''Cosmoglotta'' is volume 333, for the period from January to June 2024.<ref>https://archive.org/search?query=creator:Interlingue-Union</ref>

	Recent years have shown new books published in Interlingue such as ''[[The Little Prince]]'',<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/textus-in-interlingue.html\|access-date=23 January 2022\|website=www.ie-munde.com}}</ref> the [[Gospel of Mark]],<ref name=":0"/> [[wikibooks:Salute, Jonathan!\|Salute, Jonathan!]],<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas\|oclc=}}</ref><ref name="fabules">{{Cite book\|title=Fabules, racontas e mites\|oclc=}}</ref> and works including ''Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas'', ''Antologie hispan,'' and ''Fabules, racontas e mites''.		Recent years have shown new books published in Interlingue such as ''[[The Little Prince]]'',<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/textus-in-interlingue.html\|access-date=23 January 2022\|website=www.ie-munde.com}}</ref> the [[Gospel of Mark]],<ref name=":0"/> [[wikibooks:Salute, Jonathan!\|Salute, Jonathan!]],<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas\|oclc=}}</ref><ref name="fabules">{{Cite book\|title=Fabules, racontas e mites\|oclc=}}</ref> and works including ''Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas'', ''Antologie hispan,'' and ''Fabules, racontas e mites''.

2001:4646:2494:0:2C1C:396A:E3B8:C7C1: /* Stagnation and revival */

2024-08-13T04:39:20Z

Stagnation and revival

← Previous revision		Revision as of 04:39, 13 August 2024
Line 103:		Line 103:
	As was the case for other planned languages, the arrival of the Internet spurred Interlingue's revival.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web\|last=Barandovská-Frank\|first=Vĕra\|title=Latinidaj planlingvoj (AIS-kurso, 1 studunuo)\|url=http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf\|access-date=22 January 2019\|archive-date=23 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123010131/http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> In the year 1999 the first [[Yahoo! Groups\|Yahoo! Group]] in Occidental was founded, ''Cosmoglotta'' had begun publishing intermittently again, and the language became a subject of discussion in literature on auxiliary languages.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/historie.html\|access-date=30 January 2019\|website=www.ie-munde.com\|archive-date=30 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130162516/https://www.ie-munde.com/historie.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> One example is ''The [[Esperanto]] Book'' released in 1995 by Harlow, who wrote that Occidental had an intentional emphasis on European forms and that some of its leading followers espoused a [[Eurocentrism\|Eurocentric]] philosophy, which may have hindered its spread.<ref name="harlow2000" /><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 33\|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=39&size=45\|access-date=20 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203551/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=39&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref> Still, the opposite view<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 64\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=68&size=45\|quote=Yo confesse que yo vide poc in li Europan cultura del ultim 1900 annus quel es tam remarcabilmen preciosi. To quo es max visibil es tyrannie, oppression, guerres e nigri superstition.\|access-date=18 October 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014456/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=68&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1949, p.108\|url=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131845221/Cosmoglotta%20A%20149%20%28oct%201949%29\|quote=In ti témpor yo esset in Sydney, e pro que yo havet grand interesse por li indigenes e volet converter mi blanc fratres a un bon opinion pri ili, yo scrit in li presse pri ti heroic action e comparat li brutalitá del blanc rasse con li conciliantie e self-sacrificie del negros.\|access-date=18 October 2020\|archive-date=24 July 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724141051/http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131845221/Cosmoglotta%20A%20149%20%28oct%201949%29\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":6" /> was also common in the community and Occidental gained adherents in many nations including Asian nations.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1937\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&size=45&page=114\|quote=JAPAN: Kokusaigo-Kenkyusho, Daita 11-784, Setagaya, TOKIO (Pch. Tokio 62 061)\|access-date=29 January 2019\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415015404/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&size=45&page=114\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1958, p. 66, 77\|website=[[GitHub]]\|url=https://github.com/occidental-lang/occidental-lang.github.io/blob/master/resources/Cosmoglotta_V_1958.pdf\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=15 September 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915114204/https://github.com/occidental-lang/occidental-lang.github.io/blob/master/resources/Cosmoglotta_V_1958.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> An Interlingue [[Wikipedia]] was approved in 2004. In recent years official meetings of Interlingue speakers have resumed: one in [[Ulm]] in 2013,<ref>{{Cite journal\|title=Litt incontra in Ulm.\|journal=IE-MUNDE (Revúe in Interlingue-Occidental) Numeró 7 – Octobre 2013}}</ref> another in [[Munich]] in 2014 with three participants,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/incontra-de-interlingue-7-im-de-april-2014-in-muenchen.html\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|website=www.ie-munde.com\|access-date=30 January 2019\|archive-date=30 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130162556/https://www.ie-munde.com/incontra-de-interlingue-7-im-de-april-2014-in-muenchen.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> and a third in Ulm the next year with five.<ref>{{Cite journal\|title=TRIESIM MINI-INCONTRA DE INTERLINGUE\|journal=IE-MUNDE (Revúe in Interlingue-Occidental) Numeró 11 – Octobre 2015}}</ref>		As was the case for other planned languages, the arrival of the Internet spurred Interlingue's revival.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web\|last=Barandovská-Frank\|first=Vĕra\|title=Latinidaj planlingvoj (AIS-kurso, 1 studunuo)\|url=http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf\|access-date=22 January 2019\|archive-date=23 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123010131/http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> In the year 1999 the first [[Yahoo! Groups\|Yahoo! Group]] in Occidental was founded, ''Cosmoglotta'' had begun publishing intermittently again, and the language became a subject of discussion in literature on auxiliary languages.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/historie.html\|access-date=30 January 2019\|website=www.ie-munde.com\|archive-date=30 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130162516/https://www.ie-munde.com/historie.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> One example is ''The [[Esperanto]] Book'' released in 1995 by Harlow, who wrote that Occidental had an intentional emphasis on European forms and that some of its leading followers espoused a [[Eurocentrism\|Eurocentric]] philosophy, which may have hindered its spread.<ref name="harlow2000" /><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 33\|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=39&size=45\|access-date=20 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203551/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=39&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref> Still, the opposite view<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 64\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=68&size=45\|quote=Yo confesse que yo vide poc in li Europan cultura del ultim 1900 annus quel es tam remarcabilmen preciosi. To quo es max visibil es tyrannie, oppression, guerres e nigri superstition.\|access-date=18 October 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014456/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=68&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1949, p.108\|url=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131845221/Cosmoglotta%20A%20149%20%28oct%201949%29\|quote=In ti témpor yo esset in Sydney, e pro que yo havet grand interesse por li indigenes e volet converter mi blanc fratres a un bon opinion pri ili, yo scrit in li presse pri ti heroic action e comparat li brutalitá del blanc rasse con li conciliantie e self-sacrificie del negros.\|access-date=18 October 2020\|archive-date=24 July 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724141051/http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131845221/Cosmoglotta%20A%20149%20%28oct%201949%29\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":6" /> was also common in the community and Occidental gained adherents in many nations including Asian nations.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1937\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&size=45&page=114\|quote=JAPAN: Kokusaigo-Kenkyusho, Daita 11-784, Setagaya, TOKIO (Pch. Tokio 62 061)\|access-date=29 January 2019\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415015404/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&size=45&page=114\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1958, p. 66, 77\|website=[[GitHub]]\|url=https://github.com/occidental-lang/occidental-lang.github.io/blob/master/resources/Cosmoglotta_V_1958.pdf\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=15 September 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915114204/https://github.com/occidental-lang/occidental-lang.github.io/blob/master/resources/Cosmoglotta_V_1958.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> An Interlingue [[Wikipedia]] was approved in 2004. In recent years official meetings of Interlingue speakers have resumed: one in [[Ulm]] in 2013,<ref>{{Cite journal\|title=Litt incontra in Ulm.\|journal=IE-MUNDE (Revúe in Interlingue-Occidental) Numeró 7 – Octobre 2013}}</ref> another in [[Munich]] in 2014 with three participants,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/incontra-de-interlingue-7-im-de-april-2014-in-muenchen.html\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|website=www.ie-munde.com\|access-date=30 January 2019\|archive-date=30 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130162556/https://www.ie-munde.com/incontra-de-interlingue-7-im-de-april-2014-in-muenchen.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> and a third in Ulm the next year with five.<ref>{{Cite journal\|title=TRIESIM MINI-INCONTRA DE INTERLINGUE\|journal=IE-MUNDE (Revúe in Interlingue-Occidental) Numeró 11 – Octobre 2015}}</ref>

	The most recent edition of ''Cosmoglotta'' is volume 333 from 2024.<ref>https://archive.org/search?query=creator~~%3A"~~Interlingue+Union"</ref>		The most recent edition of ''Cosmoglotta'' is volume 333 from 2024.<ref>https://archive.org/search?query=creator:Interlingue+Union</ref>

	Recent years have shown new books published in Interlingue such as ''[[The Little Prince]]'',<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/textus-in-interlingue.html\|access-date=23 January 2022\|website=www.ie-munde.com}}</ref> the [[Gospel of Mark]],<ref name=":0"/> [[wikibooks:Salute, Jonathan!\|Salute, Jonathan!]],<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas\|oclc=}}</ref><ref name="fabules">{{Cite book\|title=Fabules, racontas e mites\|oclc=}}</ref> and works including ''Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas'', ''Antologie hispan,'' and ''Fabules, racontas e mites''.		Recent years have shown new books published in Interlingue such as ''[[The Little Prince]]'',<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/textus-in-interlingue.html\|access-date=23 January 2022\|website=www.ie-munde.com}}</ref> the [[Gospel of Mark]],<ref name=":0"/> [[wikibooks:Salute, Jonathan!\|Salute, Jonathan!]],<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas\|oclc=}}</ref><ref name="fabules">{{Cite book\|title=Fabules, racontas e mites\|oclc=}}</ref> and works including ''Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas'', ''Antologie hispan,'' and ''Fabules, racontas e mites''.

2001:4646:2494:0:2C1C:396A:E3B8:C7C1: /* Stagnation and revival */

2024-08-13T04:34:42Z

Stagnation and revival

← Previous revision		Revision as of 04:34, 13 August 2024
Line 103:		Line 103:
	As was the case for other planned languages, the arrival of the Internet spurred Interlingue's revival.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web\|last=Barandovská-Frank\|first=Vĕra\|title=Latinidaj planlingvoj (AIS-kurso, 1 studunuo)\|url=http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf\|access-date=22 January 2019\|archive-date=23 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123010131/http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> In the year 1999 the first [[Yahoo! Groups\|Yahoo! Group]] in Occidental was founded, ''Cosmoglotta'' had begun publishing intermittently again, and the language became a subject of discussion in literature on auxiliary languages.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/historie.html\|access-date=30 January 2019\|website=www.ie-munde.com\|archive-date=30 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130162516/https://www.ie-munde.com/historie.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> One example is ''The [[Esperanto]] Book'' released in 1995 by Harlow, who wrote that Occidental had an intentional emphasis on European forms and that some of its leading followers espoused a [[Eurocentrism\|Eurocentric]] philosophy, which may have hindered its spread.<ref name="harlow2000" /><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 33\|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=39&size=45\|access-date=20 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203551/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=39&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref> Still, the opposite view<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 64\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=68&size=45\|quote=Yo confesse que yo vide poc in li Europan cultura del ultim 1900 annus quel es tam remarcabilmen preciosi. To quo es max visibil es tyrannie, oppression, guerres e nigri superstition.\|access-date=18 October 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014456/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=68&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1949, p.108\|url=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131845221/Cosmoglotta%20A%20149%20%28oct%201949%29\|quote=In ti témpor yo esset in Sydney, e pro que yo havet grand interesse por li indigenes e volet converter mi blanc fratres a un bon opinion pri ili, yo scrit in li presse pri ti heroic action e comparat li brutalitá del blanc rasse con li conciliantie e self-sacrificie del negros.\|access-date=18 October 2020\|archive-date=24 July 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724141051/http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131845221/Cosmoglotta%20A%20149%20%28oct%201949%29\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":6" /> was also common in the community and Occidental gained adherents in many nations including Asian nations.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1937\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&size=45&page=114\|quote=JAPAN: Kokusaigo-Kenkyusho, Daita 11-784, Setagaya, TOKIO (Pch. Tokio 62 061)\|access-date=29 January 2019\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415015404/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&size=45&page=114\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1958, p. 66, 77\|website=[[GitHub]]\|url=https://github.com/occidental-lang/occidental-lang.github.io/blob/master/resources/Cosmoglotta_V_1958.pdf\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=15 September 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915114204/https://github.com/occidental-lang/occidental-lang.github.io/blob/master/resources/Cosmoglotta_V_1958.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> An Interlingue [[Wikipedia]] was approved in 2004. In recent years official meetings of Interlingue speakers have resumed: one in [[Ulm]] in 2013,<ref>{{Cite journal\|title=Litt incontra in Ulm.\|journal=IE-MUNDE (Revúe in Interlingue-Occidental) Numeró 7 – Octobre 2013}}</ref> another in [[Munich]] in 2014 with three participants,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/incontra-de-interlingue-7-im-de-april-2014-in-muenchen.html\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|website=www.ie-munde.com\|access-date=30 January 2019\|archive-date=30 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130162556/https://www.ie-munde.com/incontra-de-interlingue-7-im-de-april-2014-in-muenchen.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> and a third in Ulm the next year with five.<ref>{{Cite journal\|title=TRIESIM MINI-INCONTRA DE INTERLINGUE\|journal=IE-MUNDE (Revúe in Interlingue-Occidental) Numeró 11 – Octobre 2015}}</ref>		As was the case for other planned languages, the arrival of the Internet spurred Interlingue's revival.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web\|last=Barandovská-Frank\|first=Vĕra\|title=Latinidaj planlingvoj (AIS-kurso, 1 studunuo)\|url=http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf\|access-date=22 January 2019\|archive-date=23 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123010131/http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> In the year 1999 the first [[Yahoo! Groups\|Yahoo! Group]] in Occidental was founded, ''Cosmoglotta'' had begun publishing intermittently again, and the language became a subject of discussion in literature on auxiliary languages.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/historie.html\|access-date=30 January 2019\|website=www.ie-munde.com\|archive-date=30 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130162516/https://www.ie-munde.com/historie.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> One example is ''The [[Esperanto]] Book'' released in 1995 by Harlow, who wrote that Occidental had an intentional emphasis on European forms and that some of its leading followers espoused a [[Eurocentrism\|Eurocentric]] philosophy, which may have hindered its spread.<ref name="harlow2000" /><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 33\|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=39&size=45\|access-date=20 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203551/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=39&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref> Still, the opposite view<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 64\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=68&size=45\|quote=Yo confesse que yo vide poc in li Europan cultura del ultim 1900 annus quel es tam remarcabilmen preciosi. To quo es max visibil es tyrannie, oppression, guerres e nigri superstition.\|access-date=18 October 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014456/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=68&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1949, p.108\|url=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131845221/Cosmoglotta%20A%20149%20%28oct%201949%29\|quote=In ti témpor yo esset in Sydney, e pro que yo havet grand interesse por li indigenes e volet converter mi blanc fratres a un bon opinion pri ili, yo scrit in li presse pri ti heroic action e comparat li brutalitá del blanc rasse con li conciliantie e self-sacrificie del negros.\|access-date=18 October 2020\|archive-date=24 July 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724141051/http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131845221/Cosmoglotta%20A%20149%20%28oct%201949%29\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":6" /> was also common in the community and Occidental gained adherents in many nations including Asian nations.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1937\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&size=45&page=114\|quote=JAPAN: Kokusaigo-Kenkyusho, Daita 11-784, Setagaya, TOKIO (Pch. Tokio 62 061)\|access-date=29 January 2019\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415015404/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&size=45&page=114\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1958, p. 66, 77\|website=[[GitHub]]\|url=https://github.com/occidental-lang/occidental-lang.github.io/blob/master/resources/Cosmoglotta_V_1958.pdf\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=15 September 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915114204/https://github.com/occidental-lang/occidental-lang.github.io/blob/master/resources/Cosmoglotta_V_1958.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> An Interlingue [[Wikipedia]] was approved in 2004. In recent years official meetings of Interlingue speakers have resumed: one in [[Ulm]] in 2013,<ref>{{Cite journal\|title=Litt incontra in Ulm.\|journal=IE-MUNDE (Revúe in Interlingue-Occidental) Numeró 7 – Octobre 2013}}</ref> another in [[Munich]] in 2014 with three participants,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/incontra-de-interlingue-7-im-de-april-2014-in-muenchen.html\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|website=www.ie-munde.com\|access-date=30 January 2019\|archive-date=30 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130162556/https://www.ie-munde.com/incontra-de-interlingue-7-im-de-april-2014-in-muenchen.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> and a third in Ulm the next year with five.<ref>{{Cite journal\|title=TRIESIM MINI-INCONTRA DE INTERLINGUE\|journal=IE-MUNDE (Revúe in Interlingue-Occidental) Numeró 11 – Octobre 2015}}</ref>

	The most recent edition of ''Cosmoglotta'' is volume ~~328, for the period~~ from ~~July to December 2021~~.<ref>~~{{Cite book \|last= \|url=~~https://~~github~~.~~com~~/~~occidental-lang/occidental-lang.github.io/blob/master/resources/Cg_328_2021_2.pdf \|title=Cosmoglotta 328/2021 \|publisher~~=Interlingue-Union ~~\|year=2022 \|language=ie}}~~</ref>		The most recent edition of ''Cosmoglotta'' is volume 333 from 2024.<ref>https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A"Interlingue+Union"</ref>

	Recent years have shown new books published in Interlingue such as ''[[The Little Prince]]'',<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/textus-in-interlingue.html\|access-date=23 January 2022\|website=www.ie-munde.com}}</ref> the [[Gospel of Mark]],<ref name=":0"/> [[wikibooks:Salute, Jonathan!\|Salute, Jonathan!]],<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas\|oclc=}}</ref><ref name="fabules">{{Cite book\|title=Fabules, racontas e mites\|oclc=}}</ref> and works including ''Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas'', ''Antologie hispan,'' and ''Fabules, racontas e mites''.		Recent years have shown new books published in Interlingue such as ''[[The Little Prince]]'',<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)\|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/textus-in-interlingue.html\|access-date=23 January 2022\|website=www.ie-munde.com}}</ref> the [[Gospel of Mark]],<ref name=":0"/> [[wikibooks:Salute, Jonathan!\|Salute, Jonathan!]],<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas\|oclc=}}</ref><ref name="fabules">{{Cite book\|title=Fabules, racontas e mites\|oclc=}}</ref> and works including ''Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas'', ''Antologie hispan,'' and ''Fabules, racontas e mites''.

Tamfang: Undid goodfaith revision 1237387151 by JohnBCoraline (talk)— in a direct quotation it makes perfect snese

2024-07-30T01:50:31Z

Undid goodfaith revision 1237387151 by JohnBCoraline (talk)— in a direct quotation it makes perfect snese

← Previous revision		Revision as of 01:50, 30 July 2024
Line 135:		Line 135:
	While primarily Romance in vocabulary,<ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=90&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 90] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022104/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=90&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }}: Translation: "Occidental being a neo-Latin language, the influence of the languages French, Italian and Spanish will probably still be greater than that of the Anglo-Saxons."</ref><ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=104&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1944, p. 104] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014845/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=104&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }}: Translation: "and what else is Occidental than a simplified Italian, or, to state it more generally, the simplified commonality of all Romance languages?"</ref><ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=116&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1944, p. 116:] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415030205/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=116&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }} Translation: "Latin is dead, even though it is still used for a few limited purposes. But the mother language Latin still lives in her daughters, the Romance languages—and Occidental is one of them."</ref> de Wahl opted for a large Germanic substrate which he felt was more expressive for technical and material vocabulary ('''self''', '''ost''' (east), '''svimmar''' (to swim), '''moss''', etc.), with Romance and Greek vocabulary more appropriate in the derivation of international words ('''fémina''' for woman to form '''feminin''', '''can''' for dog to form '''canin''' (canine), etc.) as well as mental, corporal and natural conceptions.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&size=45&page=25\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 19\|access-date=25 February 2019\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415030912/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&size=45&page=25\|url-status=live}}</ref> Minor Romance languages such as [[Ladin language\|Ladin]], Provençal ([[Occitan language\|Occitan]]) and [[Catalan language\|Catalan]] along with [[creole language\|creoles]] were important in the development of Occidental for de Wahl,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=83&size=45\|title=Helvetia, August 1929\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415023908/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=83&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=99&size=45\|title=Helvetia, August 1929\|access-date=3 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022336/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=99&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref> who wrote as early as 1912 that his language under development was more similar to Provençal than Italian or Spanish.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=8&size=45\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 7\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022348/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=8\|url-status=live}}</ref> The Swiss magazine ''[[Der Landbote]]'' made a similar comment while reviewing the language in 1945, commenting humorously that "reading through the few examples of Occidental gives us the impression of a half-learned Catalan by a foreigner who doesn't much understand the grammar."<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=33\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 32\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014923/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=33\|url-status=live}}</ref>		While primarily Romance in vocabulary,<ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=90&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 90] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022104/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=90&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }}: Translation: "Occidental being a neo-Latin language, the influence of the languages French, Italian and Spanish will probably still be greater than that of the Anglo-Saxons."</ref><ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=104&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1944, p. 104] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014845/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=104&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }}: Translation: "and what else is Occidental than a simplified Italian, or, to state it more generally, the simplified commonality of all Romance languages?"</ref><ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=116&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1944, p. 116:] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415030205/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=116&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }} Translation: "Latin is dead, even though it is still used for a few limited purposes. But the mother language Latin still lives in her daughters, the Romance languages—and Occidental is one of them."</ref> de Wahl opted for a large Germanic substrate which he felt was more expressive for technical and material vocabulary ('''self''', '''ost''' (east), '''svimmar''' (to swim), '''moss''', etc.), with Romance and Greek vocabulary more appropriate in the derivation of international words ('''fémina''' for woman to form '''feminin''', '''can''' for dog to form '''canin''' (canine), etc.) as well as mental, corporal and natural conceptions.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&size=45&page=25\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 19\|access-date=25 February 2019\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415030912/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&size=45&page=25\|url-status=live}}</ref> Minor Romance languages such as [[Ladin language\|Ladin]], Provençal ([[Occitan language\|Occitan]]) and [[Catalan language\|Catalan]] along with [[creole language\|creoles]] were important in the development of Occidental for de Wahl,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=83&size=45\|title=Helvetia, August 1929\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415023908/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=83&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=99&size=45\|title=Helvetia, August 1929\|access-date=3 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022336/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=99&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref> who wrote as early as 1912 that his language under development was more similar to Provençal than Italian or Spanish.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=8&size=45\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 7\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022348/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=8\|url-status=live}}</ref> The Swiss magazine ''[[Der Landbote]]'' made a similar comment while reviewing the language in 1945, commenting humorously that "reading through the few examples of Occidental gives us the impression of a half-learned Catalan by a foreigner who doesn't much understand the grammar."<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=33\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 32\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014923/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=33\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	De Wahl stressed that Occidental's natural appearance did not imply wholesale importation of national expressions and usage, and warned that doing so would lead to chaos. One of his articles on this subject was directed toward English and French users who he believed incorrectly saw Occidental as a mix of the two: "(Occidental's chaotic appearance) is not the fault of Occidental itself, but rather that of its users and especially the French and English, or those that think that the international language should be a mixture of those two languages [...] that is a fundamental error, especially if these forms present exceptions and irregularities in Occidental's system."<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 38\|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=38\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413204226/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=38\|url-status=live}}</ref> Alphonse Matejka wrote in ''Cosmoglotta'' that de Wahl "always claimed a minimum of autonomy for his language and bitterly fought against all propositions that intended to augment the naturalism of the language only by blindly imitating the Romance languages, or as de Wahl said crudely in one of his letters, 'by aping French or English'".<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&size=45&page=90 \|title=ÖNB-ANNO – Cosmoglotta (Serie B) \|website=anno.onb.ac.at \|access-date=2 January 2019 \|archive-date=15 April 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415024511/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&size=45&page=90 \|url-status=live }}</ref>		De Wahl stressed that Occidental's natural appearance did not imply wholesale importation of national expressions and usage, and warned that doing so would lead to chaos. One of his articles on this subject was directed toward English and French users who he believed incorrectly saw Occidental as a mix of the two: "(Occidental's chaotic appearance) is not the fault of Occidental itself, but rather that of its users and especially the French and English, or those that think that the international language should be a mixture of those two languages [...] that is a fundamental error, especially if these forms present exceptions and irregularities in Occidental's system."<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 38\|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=38\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413204226/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=38\|url-status=live}}</ref> Alphonse Matejka wrote in ''Cosmoglotta'' that de Wahl "always claimed a minimum of autonomy for his language and bitterly fought against all propositions that intended to augment the naturalism of the language only by blindly imitating the Romance languages, or as de Wahl said crudely in one of his letters to me, 'by aping French or English'".<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&size=45&page=90 \|title=ÖNB-ANNO – Cosmoglotta (Serie B) \|website=anno.onb.ac.at \|access-date=2 January 2019 \|archive-date=15 April 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415024511/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&size=45&page=90 \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	Occidental's erring on the side of regularity led to vocabulary that was still recognizable but different from the international norm, such as ínpossibil in place of impossibil (ín + poss + ibil), scientic (scientific, from scient-ie + -ic), and descrition (description, from descri-r + -tion). This is one of the greatest differences between it and Interlingua, which has a vocabulary taken from so-called 'prototypes'<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Mulaik\|first=Stanley, Ph.D.\|title=Standardization of Grammatical Particles\|url=https://rudhar.com/lingtics/intrlnga/StanleyMulaik/Prototypes%20of%20Particles%20Interlingua.pdf\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203403/https://rudhar.com/lingtics/intrlnga/StanleyMulaik/Prototypes%20of%20Particles%20Interlingua.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> (the most recent common ancestor to its source languages) while Interlingue/Occidental focused on active, spontaneous derivation. Vocabulary was deemed technically permissible even if it did not match forms in other living languages, with these derived words described as "forms that living languages would have been able to produce using their own means".<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Matejka\|first=Alphonse\|title=Autonomie e Regularitá in li Lingue International\|url=https://occidental-lang.com/resources/Autonomie_e_Regularita_in_li_Lingue_International.pdf\|quote=We do not hesitate to form words like "ludette, plorada, substantival, plumallia, tassade, sucrage, glotton, stridore, hesitatori, successosi, flexura" etc. etc. without asking ourselves whether these words are international or not. Even when they are in fact not international, they nevertheless never have the artificial appearance that characterizes most of the derived words in Esperanto and Ido. They always represent forms that living languages would have been able to produce using their own means.\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=15 February 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215102041/https://occidental-lang.com/resources/Autonomie_e_Regularita_in_li_Lingue_International.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref>		Occidental's erring on the side of regularity led to vocabulary that was still recognizable but different from the international norm, such as ínpossibil in place of impossibil (ín + poss + ibil), scientic (scientific, from scient-ie + -ic), and descrition (description, from descri-r + -tion). This is one of the greatest differences between it and Interlingua, which has a vocabulary taken from so-called 'prototypes'<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Mulaik\|first=Stanley, Ph.D.\|title=Standardization of Grammatical Particles\|url=https://rudhar.com/lingtics/intrlnga/StanleyMulaik/Prototypes%20of%20Particles%20Interlingua.pdf\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203403/https://rudhar.com/lingtics/intrlnga/StanleyMulaik/Prototypes%20of%20Particles%20Interlingua.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> (the most recent common ancestor to its source languages) while Interlingue/Occidental focused on active, spontaneous derivation. Vocabulary was deemed technically permissible even if it did not match forms in other living languages, with these derived words described as "forms that living languages would have been able to produce using their own means".<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Matejka\|first=Alphonse\|title=Autonomie e Regularitá in li Lingue International\|url=https://occidental-lang.com/resources/Autonomie_e_Regularita_in_li_Lingue_International.pdf\|quote=We do not hesitate to form words like "ludette, plorada, substantival, plumallia, tassade, sucrage, glotton, stridore, hesitatori, successosi, flexura" etc. etc. without asking ourselves whether these words are international or not. Even when they are in fact not international, they nevertheless never have the artificial appearance that characterizes most of the derived words in Esperanto and Ido. They always represent forms that living languages would have been able to produce using their own means.\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=15 February 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215102041/https://occidental-lang.com/resources/Autonomie_e_Regularita_in_li_Lingue_International.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref>

JohnBCoraline: /* Language philosophy */ "to me" doesn't make snese

2024-07-29T14:53:00Z

Language philosophy: "to me" doesn't make snese

← Previous revision		Revision as of 14:53, 29 July 2024
Line 135:		Line 135:
	While primarily Romance in vocabulary,<ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=90&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 90] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022104/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=90&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }}: Translation: "Occidental being a neo-Latin language, the influence of the languages French, Italian and Spanish will probably still be greater than that of the Anglo-Saxons."</ref><ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=104&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1944, p. 104] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014845/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=104&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }}: Translation: "and what else is Occidental than a simplified Italian, or, to state it more generally, the simplified commonality of all Romance languages?"</ref><ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=116&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1944, p. 116:] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415030205/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=116&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }} Translation: "Latin is dead, even though it is still used for a few limited purposes. But the mother language Latin still lives in her daughters, the Romance languages—and Occidental is one of them."</ref> de Wahl opted for a large Germanic substrate which he felt was more expressive for technical and material vocabulary ('''self''', '''ost''' (east), '''svimmar''' (to swim), '''moss''', etc.), with Romance and Greek vocabulary more appropriate in the derivation of international words ('''fémina''' for woman to form '''feminin''', '''can''' for dog to form '''canin''' (canine), etc.) as well as mental, corporal and natural conceptions.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&size=45&page=25\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 19\|access-date=25 February 2019\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415030912/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&size=45&page=25\|url-status=live}}</ref> Minor Romance languages such as [[Ladin language\|Ladin]], Provençal ([[Occitan language\|Occitan]]) and [[Catalan language\|Catalan]] along with [[creole language\|creoles]] were important in the development of Occidental for de Wahl,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=83&size=45\|title=Helvetia, August 1929\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415023908/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=83&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=99&size=45\|title=Helvetia, August 1929\|access-date=3 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022336/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=99&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref> who wrote as early as 1912 that his language under development was more similar to Provençal than Italian or Spanish.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=8&size=45\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 7\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022348/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=8\|url-status=live}}</ref> The Swiss magazine ''[[Der Landbote]]'' made a similar comment while reviewing the language in 1945, commenting humorously that "reading through the few examples of Occidental gives us the impression of a half-learned Catalan by a foreigner who doesn't much understand the grammar."<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=33\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 32\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014923/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=33\|url-status=live}}</ref>		While primarily Romance in vocabulary,<ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=90&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 90] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022104/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=90&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }}: Translation: "Occidental being a neo-Latin language, the influence of the languages French, Italian and Spanish will probably still be greater than that of the Anglo-Saxons."</ref><ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=104&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1944, p. 104] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014845/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=104&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }}: Translation: "and what else is Occidental than a simplified Italian, or, to state it more generally, the simplified commonality of all Romance languages?"</ref><ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=116&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1944, p. 116:] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415030205/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=116&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }} Translation: "Latin is dead, even though it is still used for a few limited purposes. But the mother language Latin still lives in her daughters, the Romance languages—and Occidental is one of them."</ref> de Wahl opted for a large Germanic substrate which he felt was more expressive for technical and material vocabulary ('''self''', '''ost''' (east), '''svimmar''' (to swim), '''moss''', etc.), with Romance and Greek vocabulary more appropriate in the derivation of international words ('''fémina''' for woman to form '''feminin''', '''can''' for dog to form '''canin''' (canine), etc.) as well as mental, corporal and natural conceptions.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&size=45&page=25\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 19\|access-date=25 February 2019\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415030912/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&size=45&page=25\|url-status=live}}</ref> Minor Romance languages such as [[Ladin language\|Ladin]], Provençal ([[Occitan language\|Occitan]]) and [[Catalan language\|Catalan]] along with [[creole language\|creoles]] were important in the development of Occidental for de Wahl,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=83&size=45\|title=Helvetia, August 1929\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415023908/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=83&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=99&size=45\|title=Helvetia, August 1929\|access-date=3 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022336/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=99&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref> who wrote as early as 1912 that his language under development was more similar to Provençal than Italian or Spanish.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=8&size=45\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 7\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022348/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=8\|url-status=live}}</ref> The Swiss magazine ''[[Der Landbote]]'' made a similar comment while reviewing the language in 1945, commenting humorously that "reading through the few examples of Occidental gives us the impression of a half-learned Catalan by a foreigner who doesn't much understand the grammar."<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=33\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 32\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014923/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=33\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	De Wahl stressed that Occidental's natural appearance did not imply wholesale importation of national expressions and usage, and warned that doing so would lead to chaos. One of his articles on this subject was directed toward English and French users who he believed incorrectly saw Occidental as a mix of the two: "(Occidental's chaotic appearance) is not the fault of Occidental itself, but rather that of its users and especially the French and English, or those that think that the international language should be a mixture of those two languages [...] that is a fundamental error, especially if these forms present exceptions and irregularities in Occidental's system."<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 38\|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=38\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413204226/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=38\|url-status=live}}</ref> Alphonse Matejka wrote in ''Cosmoglotta'' that de Wahl "always claimed a minimum of autonomy for his language and bitterly fought against all propositions that intended to augment the naturalism of the language only by blindly imitating the Romance languages, or as de Wahl said crudely in one of his letters ~~to me~~, 'by aping French or English'".<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&size=45&page=90 \|title=ÖNB-ANNO – Cosmoglotta (Serie B) \|website=anno.onb.ac.at \|access-date=2 January 2019 \|archive-date=15 April 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415024511/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&size=45&page=90 \|url-status=live }}</ref>		De Wahl stressed that Occidental's natural appearance did not imply wholesale importation of national expressions and usage, and warned that doing so would lead to chaos. One of his articles on this subject was directed toward English and French users who he believed incorrectly saw Occidental as a mix of the two: "(Occidental's chaotic appearance) is not the fault of Occidental itself, but rather that of its users and especially the French and English, or those that think that the international language should be a mixture of those two languages [...] that is a fundamental error, especially if these forms present exceptions and irregularities in Occidental's system."<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 38\|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=38\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413204226/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=38\|url-status=live}}</ref> Alphonse Matejka wrote in ''Cosmoglotta'' that de Wahl "always claimed a minimum of autonomy for his language and bitterly fought against all propositions that intended to augment the naturalism of the language only by blindly imitating the Romance languages, or as de Wahl said crudely in one of his letters, 'by aping French or English'".<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&size=45&page=90 \|title=ÖNB-ANNO – Cosmoglotta (Serie B) \|website=anno.onb.ac.at \|access-date=2 January 2019 \|archive-date=15 April 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415024511/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&size=45&page=90 \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	Occidental's erring on the side of regularity led to vocabulary that was still recognizable but different from the international norm, such as ínpossibil in place of impossibil (ín + poss + ibil), scientic (scientific, from scient-ie + -ic), and descrition (description, from descri-r + -tion). This is one of the greatest differences between it and Interlingua, which has a vocabulary taken from so-called 'prototypes'<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Mulaik\|first=Stanley, Ph.D.\|title=Standardization of Grammatical Particles\|url=https://rudhar.com/lingtics/intrlnga/StanleyMulaik/Prototypes%20of%20Particles%20Interlingua.pdf\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203403/https://rudhar.com/lingtics/intrlnga/StanleyMulaik/Prototypes%20of%20Particles%20Interlingua.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> (the most recent common ancestor to its source languages) while Interlingue/Occidental focused on active, spontaneous derivation. Vocabulary was deemed technically permissible even if it did not match forms in other living languages, with these derived words described as "forms that living languages would have been able to produce using their own means".<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Matejka\|first=Alphonse\|title=Autonomie e Regularitá in li Lingue International\|url=https://occidental-lang.com/resources/Autonomie_e_Regularita_in_li_Lingue_International.pdf\|quote=We do not hesitate to form words like "ludette, plorada, substantival, plumallia, tassade, sucrage, glotton, stridore, hesitatori, successosi, flexura" etc. etc. without asking ourselves whether these words are international or not. Even when they are in fact not international, they nevertheless never have the artificial appearance that characterizes most of the derived words in Esperanto and Ido. They always represent forms that living languages would have been able to produce using their own means.\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=15 February 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215102041/https://occidental-lang.com/resources/Autonomie_e_Regularita_in_li_Lingue_International.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref>		Occidental's erring on the side of regularity led to vocabulary that was still recognizable but different from the international norm, such as ínpossibil in place of impossibil (ín + poss + ibil), scientic (scientific, from scient-ie + -ic), and descrition (description, from descri-r + -tion). This is one of the greatest differences between it and Interlingua, which has a vocabulary taken from so-called 'prototypes'<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Mulaik\|first=Stanley, Ph.D.\|title=Standardization of Grammatical Particles\|url=https://rudhar.com/lingtics/intrlnga/StanleyMulaik/Prototypes%20of%20Particles%20Interlingua.pdf\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203403/https://rudhar.com/lingtics/intrlnga/StanleyMulaik/Prototypes%20of%20Particles%20Interlingua.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> (the most recent common ancestor to its source languages) while Interlingue/Occidental focused on active, spontaneous derivation. Vocabulary was deemed technically permissible even if it did not match forms in other living languages, with these derived words described as "forms that living languages would have been able to produce using their own means".<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Matejka\|first=Alphonse\|title=Autonomie e Regularitá in li Lingue International\|url=https://occidental-lang.com/resources/Autonomie_e_Regularita_in_li_Lingue_International.pdf\|quote=We do not hesitate to form words like "ludette, plorada, substantival, plumallia, tassade, sucrage, glotton, stridore, hesitatori, successosi, flexura" etc. etc. without asking ourselves whether these words are international or not. Even when they are in fact not international, they nevertheless never have the artificial appearance that characterizes most of the derived words in Esperanto and Ido. They always represent forms that living languages would have been able to produce using their own means.\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=15 February 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215102041/https://occidental-lang.com/resources/Autonomie_e_Regularita_in_li_Lingue_International.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref>

AnomieBOT: Dating maintenance tags: {{Cleanup lang}}

2024-01-01T19:08:17Z

Dating maintenance tags: {{Cleanup lang}}

← Previous revision		Revision as of 19:08, 1 January 2024
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	{{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2024}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2024}}
	{{Cleanup lang}}		{{Cleanup lang\|date=January 2024}}
	{{Infobox language		{{Infobox language
	\| name = Interlingue		\| name = Interlingue

Jonesey95: If ie words were wrapped in lang templates, bots would not try to "fix" the non-English text

2024-01-01T18:47:54Z

If ie words were wrapped in lang templates, bots would not try to "fix" the non-English text

← Previous revision		Revision as of 18:47, 1 January 2024
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	{{good article}}		{{good article}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2024}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2024}}
			{{Cleanup lang}}
	{{Infobox language		{{Infobox language
	\| name = Interlingue		\| name = Interlingue

Mazewaxie: script-assisted date audit and style fixes per MOS:NUM

2024-01-01T17:19:43Z

script-assisted date audit and style fixes per MOS:NUM

Show changes

Mazewaxie: Undid revision 1193021386 by Mazewaxie (talk)

2024-01-01T17:19:21Z

Undid revision 1193021386 by Mazewaxie (talk)

← Previous revision		Revision as of 17:19, 1 January 2024
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	\|-		\|-
	\|Conditional		\|Conditional
	\|~~well~~ + inf.		\|vell + inf.
	\|yo ~~well~~ amar / decider / scrir		\|yo vell amar / decider / scrir
	\|I would love / decide / write		\|I would love / decide / write
	\|Also used for hearsay: '''Un ~~accusation~~ secun quel il ~~well~~... -''' An accusation alleging him to have...		\|Also used for hearsay: '''Un acusation secun quel il vell... -''' An accusation alleging him to have...
	(lit. ''an accusation according to which he would have...'')		(lit. ''an accusation according to which he would have...'')
	\|-		\|-
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	\|-		\|-
	\|Perfect Conditional		\|Perfect Conditional
	\|~~well~~ har + t		\|vell har + t
	\|yo ~~well~~ har amat		\|yo vell har amat
	\|I would have loved		\|I would have loved
	\|		\|

← Previous revision		Revision as of 01:50, 30 July 2024
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	While primarily Romance in vocabulary,<ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=90&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 90] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022104/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=90&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }}: Translation: "Occidental being a neo-Latin language, the influence of the languages French, Italian and Spanish will probably still be greater than that of the Anglo-Saxons."</ref><ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=104&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1944, p. 104] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014845/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=104&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }}: Translation: "and what else is Occidental than a simplified Italian, or, to state it more generally, the simplified commonality of all Romance languages?"</ref><ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=116&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1944, p. 116:] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415030205/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=116&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }} Translation: "Latin is dead, even though it is still used for a few limited purposes. But the mother language Latin still lives in her daughters, the Romance languages—and Occidental is one of them."</ref> de Wahl opted for a large Germanic substrate which he felt was more expressive for technical and material vocabulary ('''self''', '''ost''' (east), '''svimmar''' (to swim), '''moss''', etc.), with Romance and Greek vocabulary more appropriate in the derivation of international words ('''fémina''' for woman to form '''feminin''', '''can''' for dog to form '''canin''' (canine), etc.) as well as mental, corporal and natural conceptions.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&size=45&page=25\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 19\|access-date=25 February 2019\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415030912/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&size=45&page=25\|url-status=live}}</ref> Minor Romance languages such as [[Ladin language\|Ladin]], Provençal ([[Occitan language\|Occitan]]) and [[Catalan language\|Catalan]] along with [[creole language\|creoles]] were important in the development of Occidental for de Wahl,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=83&size=45\|title=Helvetia, August 1929\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415023908/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=83&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=99&size=45\|title=Helvetia, August 1929\|access-date=3 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022336/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=99&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref> who wrote as early as 1912 that his language under development was more similar to Provençal than Italian or Spanish.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=8&size=45\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 7\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022348/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=8\|url-status=live}}</ref> The Swiss magazine ''[[Der Landbote]]'' made a similar comment while reviewing the language in 1945, commenting humorously that "reading through the few examples of Occidental gives us the impression of a half-learned Catalan by a foreigner who doesn't much understand the grammar."<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=33\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 32\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014923/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=33\|url-status=live}}</ref>		While primarily Romance in vocabulary,<ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=90&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 90] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022104/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=90&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }}: Translation: "Occidental being a neo-Latin language, the influence of the languages French, Italian and Spanish will probably still be greater than that of the Anglo-Saxons."</ref><ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=104&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1944, p. 104] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014845/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=104&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }}: Translation: "and what else is Occidental than a simplified Italian, or, to state it more generally, the simplified commonality of all Romance languages?"</ref><ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=116&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1944, p. 116:] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415030205/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=116&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }} Translation: "Latin is dead, even though it is still used for a few limited purposes. But the mother language Latin still lives in her daughters, the Romance languages—and Occidental is one of them."</ref> de Wahl opted for a large Germanic substrate which he felt was more expressive for technical and material vocabulary ('''self''', '''ost''' (east), '''svimmar''' (to swim), '''moss''', etc.), with Romance and Greek vocabulary more appropriate in the derivation of international words ('''fémina''' for woman to form '''feminin''', '''can''' for dog to form '''canin''' (canine), etc.) as well as mental, corporal and natural conceptions.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&size=45&page=25\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 19\|access-date=25 February 2019\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415030912/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&size=45&page=25\|url-status=live}}</ref> Minor Romance languages such as [[Ladin language\|Ladin]], Provençal ([[Occitan language\|Occitan]]) and [[Catalan language\|Catalan]] along with [[creole language\|creoles]] were important in the development of Occidental for de Wahl,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=83&size=45\|title=Helvetia, August 1929\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415023908/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=83&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=99&size=45\|title=Helvetia, August 1929\|access-date=3 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022336/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=99&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref> who wrote as early as 1912 that his language under development was more similar to Provençal than Italian or Spanish.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=8&size=45\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 7\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022348/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=8\|url-status=live}}</ref> The Swiss magazine ''[[Der Landbote]]'' made a similar comment while reviewing the language in 1945, commenting humorously that "reading through the few examples of Occidental gives us the impression of a half-learned Catalan by a foreigner who doesn't much understand the grammar."<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=33\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 32\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014923/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=33\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	De Wahl stressed that Occidental's natural appearance did not imply wholesale importation of national expressions and usage, and warned that doing so would lead to chaos. One of his articles on this subject was directed toward English and French users who he believed incorrectly saw Occidental as a mix of the two: "(Occidental's chaotic appearance) is not the fault of Occidental itself, but rather that of its users and especially the French and English, or those that think that the international language should be a mixture of those two languages [...] that is a fundamental error, especially if these forms present exceptions and irregularities in Occidental's system."<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 38\|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=38\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413204226/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=38\|url-status=live}}</ref> Alphonse Matejka wrote in ''Cosmoglotta'' that de Wahl "always claimed a minimum of autonomy for his language and bitterly fought against all propositions that intended to augment the naturalism of the language only by blindly imitating the Romance languages, or as de Wahl said crudely in one of his letters, 'by aping French or English'".<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&size=45&page=90 \|title=ÖNB-ANNO – Cosmoglotta (Serie B) \|website=anno.onb.ac.at \|access-date=2 January 2019 \|archive-date=15 April 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415024511/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&size=45&page=90 \|url-status=live }}</ref>		De Wahl stressed that Occidental's natural appearance did not imply wholesale importation of national expressions and usage, and warned that doing so would lead to chaos. One of his articles on this subject was directed toward English and French users who he believed incorrectly saw Occidental as a mix of the two: "(Occidental's chaotic appearance) is not the fault of Occidental itself, but rather that of its users and especially the French and English, or those that think that the international language should be a mixture of those two languages [...] that is a fundamental error, especially if these forms present exceptions and irregularities in Occidental's system."<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 38\|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=38\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413204226/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=38\|url-status=live}}</ref> Alphonse Matejka wrote in ''Cosmoglotta'' that de Wahl "always claimed a minimum of autonomy for his language and bitterly fought against all propositions that intended to augment the naturalism of the language only by blindly imitating the Romance languages, or as de Wahl said crudely in one of his letters to me, 'by aping French or English'".<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&size=45&page=90 \|title=ÖNB-ANNO – Cosmoglotta (Serie B) \|website=anno.onb.ac.at \|access-date=2 January 2019 \|archive-date=15 April 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415024511/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&size=45&page=90 \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	Occidental's erring on the side of regularity led to vocabulary that was still recognizable but different from the international norm, such as ínpossibil in place of impossibil (ín + poss + ibil), scientic (scientific, from scient-ie + -ic), and descrition (description, from descri-r + -tion). This is one of the greatest differences between it and Interlingua, which has a vocabulary taken from so-called 'prototypes'<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Mulaik\|first=Stanley, Ph.D.\|title=Standardization of Grammatical Particles\|url=https://rudhar.com/lingtics/intrlnga/StanleyMulaik/Prototypes%20of%20Particles%20Interlingua.pdf\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203403/https://rudhar.com/lingtics/intrlnga/StanleyMulaik/Prototypes%20of%20Particles%20Interlingua.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> (the most recent common ancestor to its source languages) while Interlingue/Occidental focused on active, spontaneous derivation. Vocabulary was deemed technically permissible even if it did not match forms in other living languages, with these derived words described as "forms that living languages would have been able to produce using their own means".<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Matejka\|first=Alphonse\|title=Autonomie e Regularitá in li Lingue International\|url=https://occidental-lang.com/resources/Autonomie_e_Regularita_in_li_Lingue_International.pdf\|quote=We do not hesitate to form words like "ludette, plorada, substantival, plumallia, tassade, sucrage, glotton, stridore, hesitatori, successosi, flexura" etc. etc. without asking ourselves whether these words are international or not. Even when they are in fact not international, they nevertheless never have the artificial appearance that characterizes most of the derived words in Esperanto and Ido. They always represent forms that living languages would have been able to produce using their own means.\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=15 February 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215102041/https://occidental-lang.com/resources/Autonomie_e_Regularita_in_li_Lingue_International.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref>		Occidental's erring on the side of regularity led to vocabulary that was still recognizable but different from the international norm, such as ínpossibil in place of impossibil (ín + poss + ibil), scientic (scientific, from scient-ie + -ic), and descrition (description, from descri-r + -tion). This is one of the greatest differences between it and Interlingua, which has a vocabulary taken from so-called 'prototypes'<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Mulaik\|first=Stanley, Ph.D.\|title=Standardization of Grammatical Particles\|url=https://rudhar.com/lingtics/intrlnga/StanleyMulaik/Prototypes%20of%20Particles%20Interlingua.pdf\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203403/https://rudhar.com/lingtics/intrlnga/StanleyMulaik/Prototypes%20of%20Particles%20Interlingua.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> (the most recent common ancestor to its source languages) while Interlingue/Occidental focused on active, spontaneous derivation. Vocabulary was deemed technically permissible even if it did not match forms in other living languages, with these derived words described as "forms that living languages would have been able to produce using their own means".<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Matejka\|first=Alphonse\|title=Autonomie e Regularitá in li Lingue International\|url=https://occidental-lang.com/resources/Autonomie_e_Regularita_in_li_Lingue_International.pdf\|quote=We do not hesitate to form words like "ludette, plorada, substantival, plumallia, tassade, sucrage, glotton, stridore, hesitatori, successosi, flexura" etc. etc. without asking ourselves whether these words are international or not. Even when they are in fact not international, they nevertheless never have the artificial appearance that characterizes most of the derived words in Esperanto and Ido. They always represent forms that living languages would have been able to produce using their own means.\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=15 February 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215102041/https://occidental-lang.com/resources/Autonomie_e_Regularita_in_li_Lingue_International.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref>

← Previous revision		Revision as of 14:53, 29 July 2024
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	While primarily Romance in vocabulary,<ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=90&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 90] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022104/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=90&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }}: Translation: "Occidental being a neo-Latin language, the influence of the languages French, Italian and Spanish will probably still be greater than that of the Anglo-Saxons."</ref><ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=104&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1944, p. 104] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014845/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=104&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }}: Translation: "and what else is Occidental than a simplified Italian, or, to state it more generally, the simplified commonality of all Romance languages?"</ref><ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=116&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1944, p. 116:] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415030205/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=116&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }} Translation: "Latin is dead, even though it is still used for a few limited purposes. But the mother language Latin still lives in her daughters, the Romance languages—and Occidental is one of them."</ref> de Wahl opted for a large Germanic substrate which he felt was more expressive for technical and material vocabulary ('''self''', '''ost''' (east), '''svimmar''' (to swim), '''moss''', etc.), with Romance and Greek vocabulary more appropriate in the derivation of international words ('''fémina''' for woman to form '''feminin''', '''can''' for dog to form '''canin''' (canine), etc.) as well as mental, corporal and natural conceptions.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&size=45&page=25\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 19\|access-date=25 February 2019\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415030912/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&size=45&page=25\|url-status=live}}</ref> Minor Romance languages such as [[Ladin language\|Ladin]], Provençal ([[Occitan language\|Occitan]]) and [[Catalan language\|Catalan]] along with [[creole language\|creoles]] were important in the development of Occidental for de Wahl,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=83&size=45\|title=Helvetia, August 1929\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415023908/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=83&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=99&size=45\|title=Helvetia, August 1929\|access-date=3 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022336/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=99&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref> who wrote as early as 1912 that his language under development was more similar to Provençal than Italian or Spanish.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=8&size=45\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 7\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022348/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=8\|url-status=live}}</ref> The Swiss magazine ''[[Der Landbote]]'' made a similar comment while reviewing the language in 1945, commenting humorously that "reading through the few examples of Occidental gives us the impression of a half-learned Catalan by a foreigner who doesn't much understand the grammar."<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=33\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 32\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014923/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=33\|url-status=live}}</ref>		While primarily Romance in vocabulary,<ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=90&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 90] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022104/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=90&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }}: Translation: "Occidental being a neo-Latin language, the influence of the languages French, Italian and Spanish will probably still be greater than that of the Anglo-Saxons."</ref><ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=104&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1944, p. 104] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014845/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=104&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }}: Translation: "and what else is Occidental than a simplified Italian, or, to state it more generally, the simplified commonality of all Romance languages?"</ref><ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=116&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1944, p. 116:] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415030205/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=116&size=45 \|date=15 April 2021 }} Translation: "Latin is dead, even though it is still used for a few limited purposes. But the mother language Latin still lives in her daughters, the Romance languages—and Occidental is one of them."</ref> de Wahl opted for a large Germanic substrate which he felt was more expressive for technical and material vocabulary ('''self''', '''ost''' (east), '''svimmar''' (to swim), '''moss''', etc.), with Romance and Greek vocabulary more appropriate in the derivation of international words ('''fémina''' for woman to form '''feminin''', '''can''' for dog to form '''canin''' (canine), etc.) as well as mental, corporal and natural conceptions.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&size=45&page=25\|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 19\|access-date=25 February 2019\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415030912/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&size=45&page=25\|url-status=live}}</ref> Minor Romance languages such as [[Ladin language\|Ladin]], Provençal ([[Occitan language\|Occitan]]) and [[Catalan language\|Catalan]] along with [[creole language\|creoles]] were important in the development of Occidental for de Wahl,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=83&size=45\|title=Helvetia, August 1929\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415023908/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=83&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=99&size=45\|title=Helvetia, August 1929\|access-date=3 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022336/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=99&size=45\|url-status=live}}</ref> who wrote as early as 1912 that his language under development was more similar to Provençal than Italian or Spanish.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=8&size=45\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 7\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022348/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=8\|url-status=live}}</ref> The Swiss magazine ''[[Der Landbote]]'' made a similar comment while reviewing the language in 1945, commenting humorously that "reading through the few examples of Occidental gives us the impression of a half-learned Catalan by a foreigner who doesn't much understand the grammar."<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=33\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 32\|access-date=1 August 2020\|archive-date=15 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014923/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=33\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	De Wahl stressed that Occidental's natural appearance did not imply wholesale importation of national expressions and usage, and warned that doing so would lead to chaos. One of his articles on this subject was directed toward English and French users who he believed incorrectly saw Occidental as a mix of the two: "(Occidental's chaotic appearance) is not the fault of Occidental itself, but rather that of its users and especially the French and English, or those that think that the international language should be a mixture of those two languages [...] that is a fundamental error, especially if these forms present exceptions and irregularities in Occidental's system."<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 38\|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=38\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413204226/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=38\|url-status=live}}</ref> Alphonse Matejka wrote in ''Cosmoglotta'' that de Wahl "always claimed a minimum of autonomy for his language and bitterly fought against all propositions that intended to augment the naturalism of the language only by blindly imitating the Romance languages, or as de Wahl said crudely in one of his letters ~~to me~~, 'by aping French or English'".<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&size=45&page=90 \|title=ÖNB-ANNO – Cosmoglotta (Serie B) \|website=anno.onb.ac.at \|access-date=2 January 2019 \|archive-date=15 April 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415024511/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&size=45&page=90 \|url-status=live }}</ref>		De Wahl stressed that Occidental's natural appearance did not imply wholesale importation of national expressions and usage, and warned that doing so would lead to chaos. One of his articles on this subject was directed toward English and French users who he believed incorrectly saw Occidental as a mix of the two: "(Occidental's chaotic appearance) is not the fault of Occidental itself, but rather that of its users and especially the French and English, or those that think that the international language should be a mixture of those two languages [...] that is a fundamental error, especially if these forms present exceptions and irregularities in Occidental's system."<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 38\|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=38\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413204226/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=38\|url-status=live}}</ref> Alphonse Matejka wrote in ''Cosmoglotta'' that de Wahl "always claimed a minimum of autonomy for his language and bitterly fought against all propositions that intended to augment the naturalism of the language only by blindly imitating the Romance languages, or as de Wahl said crudely in one of his letters, 'by aping French or English'".<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&size=45&page=90 \|title=ÖNB-ANNO – Cosmoglotta (Serie B) \|website=anno.onb.ac.at \|access-date=2 January 2019 \|archive-date=15 April 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415024511/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&size=45&page=90 \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	Occidental's erring on the side of regularity led to vocabulary that was still recognizable but different from the international norm, such as ínpossibil in place of impossibil (ín + poss + ibil), scientic (scientific, from scient-ie + -ic), and descrition (description, from descri-r + -tion). This is one of the greatest differences between it and Interlingua, which has a vocabulary taken from so-called 'prototypes'<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Mulaik\|first=Stanley, Ph.D.\|title=Standardization of Grammatical Particles\|url=https://rudhar.com/lingtics/intrlnga/StanleyMulaik/Prototypes%20of%20Particles%20Interlingua.pdf\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203403/https://rudhar.com/lingtics/intrlnga/StanleyMulaik/Prototypes%20of%20Particles%20Interlingua.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> (the most recent common ancestor to its source languages) while Interlingue/Occidental focused on active, spontaneous derivation. Vocabulary was deemed technically permissible even if it did not match forms in other living languages, with these derived words described as "forms that living languages would have been able to produce using their own means".<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Matejka\|first=Alphonse\|title=Autonomie e Regularitá in li Lingue International\|url=https://occidental-lang.com/resources/Autonomie_e_Regularita_in_li_Lingue_International.pdf\|quote=We do not hesitate to form words like "ludette, plorada, substantival, plumallia, tassade, sucrage, glotton, stridore, hesitatori, successosi, flexura" etc. etc. without asking ourselves whether these words are international or not. Even when they are in fact not international, they nevertheless never have the artificial appearance that characterizes most of the derived words in Esperanto and Ido. They always represent forms that living languages would have been able to produce using their own means.\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=15 February 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215102041/https://occidental-lang.com/resources/Autonomie_e_Regularita_in_li_Lingue_International.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref>		Occidental's erring on the side of regularity led to vocabulary that was still recognizable but different from the international norm, such as ínpossibil in place of impossibil (ín + poss + ibil), scientic (scientific, from scient-ie + -ic), and descrition (description, from descri-r + -tion). This is one of the greatest differences between it and Interlingua, which has a vocabulary taken from so-called 'prototypes'<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Mulaik\|first=Stanley, Ph.D.\|title=Standardization of Grammatical Particles\|url=https://rudhar.com/lingtics/intrlnga/StanleyMulaik/Prototypes%20of%20Particles%20Interlingua.pdf\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=13 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203403/https://rudhar.com/lingtics/intrlnga/StanleyMulaik/Prototypes%20of%20Particles%20Interlingua.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref> (the most recent common ancestor to its source languages) while Interlingue/Occidental focused on active, spontaneous derivation. Vocabulary was deemed technically permissible even if it did not match forms in other living languages, with these derived words described as "forms that living languages would have been able to produce using their own means".<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Matejka\|first=Alphonse\|title=Autonomie e Regularitá in li Lingue International\|url=https://occidental-lang.com/resources/Autonomie_e_Regularita_in_li_Lingue_International.pdf\|quote=We do not hesitate to form words like "ludette, plorada, substantival, plumallia, tassade, sucrage, glotton, stridore, hesitatori, successosi, flexura" etc. etc. without asking ourselves whether these words are international or not. Even when they are in fact not international, they nevertheless never have the artificial appearance that characterizes most of the derived words in Esperanto and Ido. They always represent forms that living languages would have been able to produce using their own means.\|access-date=22 December 2020\|archive-date=15 February 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215102041/https://occidental-lang.com/resources/Autonomie_e_Regularita_in_li_Lingue_International.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref>