Leonard Nimoy - Revision history

Yedaman54 at 23:00, 12 November 2024

2024-11-12T23:00:07Z

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	\| branch = [[United States Army]]		\| branch = [[United States Army]]
	\| serviceyears = 1953–1955		\| serviceyears = 1953–1955
	\| rank = ~~[[File:Army-USA-OR-06 (Army greens).svg\|25px]]~~ Staff Sergeant		\| rank = Staff Sergeant
	\| servicenumber =		\| servicenumber =
	\| unit = [[Special Services (entertainment)\|Special Services]]		\| unit = [[Special Services (entertainment)\|Special Services]]

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2024-11-11T22:46:35Z

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	\| birth_name = Leonard Simon Nimoy		\| birth_name = Leonard Simon Nimoy
	\| name =		\| name =
	\| image = Leonard Nimoy as ~~Spock 1967~~.jpg		\| image = Leonard Nimoy Mission Impossible.jpg
	\| caption = Nimoy in ~~1967~~		\| caption = Nimoy in 1973
	\| birth_date = {{Birth date\|1931\|3\|26}}		\| birth_date = {{Birth date\|1931\|3\|26}}
	\| birth_place = [[Boston, Massachusetts]], U.S.		\| birth_place = [[Boston, Massachusetts]], U.S.

Itsaboutthattime at 17:16, 11 November 2024

2024-11-11T17:16:58Z

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	\| birth_name = Leonard Simon Nimoy		\| birth_name = Leonard Simon Nimoy
	\| name =		\| name =
	\| image = Leonard Nimoy ~~Mission~~ ~~Impossible~~.jpg		\| image = Leonard Nimoy as Spock 1967.jpg
	\| caption = Nimoy in ~~1973~~		\| caption = Nimoy in 1967
	\| birth_date = {{Birth date\|1931\|3\|26}}		\| birth_date = {{Birth date\|1931\|3\|26}}
	\| birth_place = [[Boston, Massachusetts]], U.S.		\| birth_place = [[Boston, Massachusetts]], U.S.

GreenC bot: Move 2 urls. Wayback Medic 2.5 per WP:URLREQ#foxnews.com/section/year/

2024-11-10T02:21:48Z

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	=== ''Star Trek'' ===		=== ''Star Trek'' ===
	{{quote box\|align=right\|width=50%\|bgcolor =\|quote=His legacy as that character is key to the enjoyment of ''Star Trek''. The way that Spock was used as a device for the writers to examine humanity and examine what it meant to be human, that's really what ''Star Trek'' was all about. And in finding Leonard Nimoy, they found the perfect person to portray that.\|source=Matt Atchity, editor-in-chief of [[Rotten Tomatoes]]<ref>[~~http~~://www.foxnews.com/entertainment~~/2015/02/27~~/leonard-nimoy-spock-star-trek-dead-at-83/ "Leonard Nimoy, Spock of 'Star Trek', dead at 83"], Fox News, Feb. 27, 2015</ref>}}		{{quote box\|align=right\|width=50%\|bgcolor =\|quote=His legacy as that character is key to the enjoyment of ''Star Trek''. The way that Spock was used as a device for the writers to examine humanity and examine what it meant to be human, that's really what ''Star Trek'' was all about. And in finding Leonard Nimoy, they found the perfect person to portray that.\|source=Matt Atchity, editor-in-chief of [[Rotten Tomatoes]]<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/leonard-nimoy-spock-of-star-trek-dead-at-83/ "Leonard Nimoy, Spock of 'Star Trek', dead at 83"], Fox News, Feb. 27, 2015</ref>}}

	Nimoy was best known for his portrayal of [[Spock]], the half-human, half-[[Vulcan (Star Trek)\|Vulcan]] character he played on ''[[Star Trek]]'' from the first TV episode in 1966 to the film ''[[Star Trek Into Darkness]]'' in 2013.<ref name="NYT-20150227" /><ref name=BBC /> According to biographer Dennis Fischer, Spock was Nimoy's "most important role".<ref name=Fischer />{{rp\|482}} Spock became an icon and one of the most popular alien characters ever featured on television. Viewers admired his composure and intellect and his ability to take on any task successfully. As a result, Nimoy's character "took the public by storm", nearly eclipsing the star of the series, [[William Shatner]]'s Captain Kirk, adds Fischer.<ref name="Fischer" />{{rp\|482}} Nimoy was later credited for bringing "dignity and intelligence to one of the most revered characters in science fiction".<ref name="Morrow" /><!-- Cites paragraph. -->		Nimoy was best known for his portrayal of [[Spock]], the half-human, half-[[Vulcan (Star Trek)\|Vulcan]] character he played on ''[[Star Trek]]'' from the first TV episode in 1966 to the film ''[[Star Trek Into Darkness]]'' in 2013.<ref name="NYT-20150227" /><ref name=BBC /> According to biographer Dennis Fischer, Spock was Nimoy's "most important role".<ref name=Fischer />{{rp\|482}} Spock became an icon and one of the most popular alien characters ever featured on television. Viewers admired his composure and intellect and his ability to take on any task successfully. As a result, Nimoy's character "took the public by storm", nearly eclipsing the star of the series, [[William Shatner]]'s Captain Kirk, adds Fischer.<ref name="Fischer" />{{rp\|482}} Nimoy was later credited for bringing "dignity and intelligence to one of the most revered characters in science fiction".<ref name="Morrow" /><!-- Cites paragraph. -->
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	=== Personal tributes ===		=== Personal tributes ===
	[[File:Astronaut Salutes Nimoy From Orbit.jpg\|thumb\|[[NASA]] Astronaut [[Terry W. Virts]] shot a photo of the [[Vulcan salute]] from the [[International Space Station]], in orbit above Nimoy's home town of Boston on February 28, 2015.]]		[[File:Astronaut Salutes Nimoy From Orbit.jpg\|thumb\|[[NASA]] Astronaut [[Terry W. Virts]] shot a photo of the [[Vulcan salute]] from the [[International Space Station]], in orbit above Nimoy's home town of Boston on February 28, 2015.]]
	Cast members of ''Star Trek'' who had worked alongside Nimoy gave personal tributes after his death. [[William Shatner]] wrote, "I loved him like a brother.{{nbsp}}... We will all miss his humor, his talent, and his capacity to love."<ref>{{Cite web \| url = ~~http~~://www.foxnews.com/entertainment~~/2015/02/27~~/leonard-nimoy-spock-star-trek-dead-at-83/ \| title = Leonard Nimoy, Spock of ''Star Trek'', dead at 83 \| publisher = [[Fox News Channel]] \| date = February 27, 2015 \| access-date = February 27, 2015 }}</ref> [[George Takei]] called him an "extraordinarily talented man" and a "very decent human being".<ref>Rosen, Christopher (February 27, 2015). [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/02/27/william-shatner-leonard-nimoy_n_6770654.html "William Shatner, George Takei Pay Tribute to Leonard Nimoy"]. ''[[The Huffington Post]]''.</ref> [[Walter Koenig]] said that after working with him, he discovered Nimoy's "compassion, his intelligence and his humanity".<ref>{{cite magazine\|last=Koenig\|first=Walter\|url=http://time.com/3727326/leonard-nimoy-rip-walter-koenig-chekov/\|title=Chekov Remembers Spock: Walter Koenig On Leonard Nimoy\|magazine=[[Time (magazine)\|TIME]]\|date=February 28, 2015\|access-date=February 28, 2015}}</ref> [[Nichelle Nichols]] noted that Nimoy's integrity, passion and devotion as an actor "helped transport ''Star Trek'' into television history."<ref>{{cite web\|last=Carlson\|first=Adam\|url=http://www.people.com/article/leonard-nimoy-death-nichelle-nichols\|title=Leonard Nimoy Dead: Nichelle Nichols Comments\|website=[[People (magazine)\|People]]\|date=February 28, 2015\|access-date=February 28, 2015}}</ref> Quinto, who portrayed Spock as a young man in ''[[Star Trek (2009 film)\|Star Trek]]'' and ''[[Star Trek Into Darkness]]'', wrote, "My heart is broken. I love you profoundly, my dear friend. And I will miss you every day."<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://instagram.com/p/znSmtrLi1v/ \|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/zacharyquinto/929793673295441263 \|archive-date=December 23, 2021 \|url-access=subscription\|access-date=February 27, 2015\|date=February 27, 2015\|first=Zachary\|last=Quinto\|author-link=Zachary Quinto\|title=zacharyquinto – February 27, 2015\|quote=my heart is broken. i love you profoundly, my dear friend. and i will miss you everyday. may flights of angels sing thee to thy rest.}}{{cbignore}} <br />{{cite web \|url=https://www.wired.com/2015/02/leonard-nimoy-death/ \|title=How the Internet Is Remembering the Legendary Leonard Nimoy \|last1=McMillan \|first1=Graeme \|date=February 27, 2015 \|website=Wired.com \|publisher=[[Wired (website)\|Wired]] \|access-date=February 28, 2015}}<br /></ref>		Cast members of ''Star Trek'' who had worked alongside Nimoy gave personal tributes after his death. [[William Shatner]] wrote, "I loved him like a brother.{{nbsp}}... We will all miss his humor, his talent, and his capacity to love."<ref>{{Cite web \| url = https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/leonard-nimoy-spock-of-star-trek-dead-at-83/ \| title = Leonard Nimoy, Spock of ''Star Trek'', dead at 83 \| publisher = [[Fox News Channel]] \| date = February 27, 2015 \| access-date = February 27, 2015 }}</ref> [[George Takei]] called him an "extraordinarily talented man" and a "very decent human being".<ref>Rosen, Christopher (February 27, 2015). [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/02/27/william-shatner-leonard-nimoy_n_6770654.html "William Shatner, George Takei Pay Tribute to Leonard Nimoy"]. ''[[The Huffington Post]]''.</ref> [[Walter Koenig]] said that after working with him, he discovered Nimoy's "compassion, his intelligence and his humanity".<ref>{{cite magazine\|last=Koenig\|first=Walter\|url=http://time.com/3727326/leonard-nimoy-rip-walter-koenig-chekov/\|title=Chekov Remembers Spock: Walter Koenig On Leonard Nimoy\|magazine=[[Time (magazine)\|TIME]]\|date=February 28, 2015\|access-date=February 28, 2015}}</ref> [[Nichelle Nichols]] noted that Nimoy's integrity, passion and devotion as an actor "helped transport ''Star Trek'' into television history."<ref>{{cite web\|last=Carlson\|first=Adam\|url=http://www.people.com/article/leonard-nimoy-death-nichelle-nichols\|title=Leonard Nimoy Dead: Nichelle Nichols Comments\|website=[[People (magazine)\|People]]\|date=February 28, 2015\|access-date=February 28, 2015}}</ref> Quinto, who portrayed Spock as a young man in ''[[Star Trek (2009 film)\|Star Trek]]'' and ''[[Star Trek Into Darkness]]'', wrote, "My heart is broken. I love you profoundly, my dear friend. And I will miss you every day."<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://instagram.com/p/znSmtrLi1v/ \|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/zacharyquinto/929793673295441263 \|archive-date=December 23, 2021 \|url-access=subscription\|access-date=February 27, 2015\|date=February 27, 2015\|first=Zachary\|last=Quinto\|author-link=Zachary Quinto\|title=zacharyquinto – February 27, 2015\|quote=my heart is broken. i love you profoundly, my dear friend. and i will miss you everyday. may flights of angels sing thee to thy rest.}}{{cbignore}} <br />{{cite web \|url=https://www.wired.com/2015/02/leonard-nimoy-death/ \|title=How the Internet Is Remembering the Legendary Leonard Nimoy \|last1=McMillan \|first1=Graeme \|date=February 27, 2015 \|website=Wired.com \|publisher=[[Wired (website)\|Wired]] \|access-date=February 28, 2015}}<br /></ref>

	U.S. President [[Barack Obama]], who had met Nimoy in 2007, remembered him as "a lifelong lover of the arts and humanities, a supporter of the sciences, generous with his talent and his time".<ref>{{cite news\|last=Korte\|first=Gregory\|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/theoval/2015/02/27/obama-statement-on-leonard-nimoy-spock/24136695/\|title=Obama on death of Leonard Nimoy: 'I loved Spock'\|newspaper=[[USA Today]]\|date=February 27, 2015\|access-date=March 1, 2015}}</ref> Former [[NASA]] [[astronaut]] [[Buzz Aldrin]] called Nimoy "a fellow space traveler because he helped make the journey into the final frontier accessible to us all".<ref>{{cite news\|last=Aldrin\|first=Buzz\|url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/02/27/opinion/buzz-aldrin-leonard-nimoy-spock/\|title=Buzz Aldrin: Leonard Nimoy, my fellow space traveler\|publisher=[[CNN]]\|date=February 28, 2015\|access-date=March 1, 2015}}</ref>		U.S. President [[Barack Obama]], who had met Nimoy in 2007, remembered him as "a lifelong lover of the arts and humanities, a supporter of the sciences, generous with his talent and his time".<ref>{{cite news\|last=Korte\|first=Gregory\|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/theoval/2015/02/27/obama-statement-on-leonard-nimoy-spock/24136695/\|title=Obama on death of Leonard Nimoy: 'I loved Spock'\|newspaper=[[USA Today]]\|date=February 27, 2015\|access-date=March 1, 2015}}</ref> Former [[NASA]] [[astronaut]] [[Buzz Aldrin]] called Nimoy "a fellow space traveler because he helped make the journey into the final frontier accessible to us all".<ref>{{cite news\|last=Aldrin\|first=Buzz\|url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/02/27/opinion/buzz-aldrin-leonard-nimoy-spock/\|title=Buzz Aldrin: Leonard Nimoy, my fellow space traveler\|publisher=[[CNN]]\|date=February 28, 2015\|access-date=March 1, 2015}}</ref>

YkrOpChik at 21:18, 2 November 2024

2024-11-02T21:18:11Z

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	*{{cite news \|title=A Look Into Leonard Nimoy's Time in Boston's West End \|url=https://www.bdcwire.com/leonard-nimoy-boston/ \|access-date=October 11, 2022 \|work=BDCWire \|date=February 26, 2015}}		*{{cite news \|title=A Look Into Leonard Nimoy's Time in Boston's West End \|url=https://www.bdcwire.com/leonard-nimoy-boston/ \|access-date=October 11, 2022 \|work=BDCWire \|date=February 26, 2015}}
	*{{cite news \|last1=Rosenbaum \|first1=S.I. \|title=Leonard Nimoy: An Alien from Boston \|url=http://blog.thephoenix.com/BLOGS/laserorgy/archive/2011/05/09/nimoy.aspx \|access-date=October 11, 2022 \|work=[[The Phoenix (newspaper)\|The Phoenix]] \|date=May 9, 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324054712/http://blog.thephoenix.com/BLOGS/laserorgy/archive/2011/05/09/nimoy.aspx \|archive-date=March 24, 2012}}		*{{cite news \|last1=Rosenbaum \|first1=S.I. \|title=Leonard Nimoy: An Alien from Boston \|url=http://blog.thephoenix.com/BLOGS/laserorgy/archive/2011/05/09/nimoy.aspx \|access-date=October 11, 2022 \|work=[[The Phoenix (newspaper)\|The Phoenix]] \|date=May 9, 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324054712/http://blog.thephoenix.com/BLOGS/laserorgy/archive/2011/05/09/nimoy.aspx \|archive-date=March 24, 2012}}
	</ref><ref>{{cite book \|last=Sammarco \|first=Anthony Mitchell \|title=Boston's West End \|year=1998 \|publisher=[[Arcadia Publishing]] \|location=Charleston, SC \|page=[https://archive.org/details/bostonswestend00samm/page/85 85] \|isbn=978-0-7524-1257-3 \|oclc=40670283 \|lccn=98087140 \|ref=Sammarco \|url=https://archive.org/details/bostonswestend00samm/page/85 }}</ref> of [[Boston\|Boston, Massachusetts]], to Jewish immigrants from [[Iziaslav, Ukraine\|Iziaslav]], Ukraine.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.theofficialleonardnimoyfanclub.com/Biography.html \|title=Biography \|website=The Official Leonard Nimoy Fan Club \|publisher=Maggy Edwards \|location=Coventry, England \|access-date=June 22, 2010 \|archive-date=May 14, 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514052249/http://www.theofficialleonardnimoyfanclub.com/Biography.html \|url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Leonard Simon Nimoy \|url=http://www.mlucks.com/genealogy/lucks/getperson.php?personID=I3854&tree=6 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20231001030909/https://www.mlucks.com/genealogy/lucks/getperson.php?personID=I3854&tree=6 \|archive-date=October 1, 2023 \|access-date=November 1, 2013 \|website=Genealogy of Lucks, Kai and Related Families \|publisher=Michael Lucks \|location=Columbia, MD}}</ref><ref name="Ellin">{{cite news \|last=Ellin \|first=Abby \|date=May 13, 2007 \|title=Girth and Nudity, a Pictorial Mission \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/13/fashion/13nimoy.html?pagewanted=print&_r=0 \|work=[[The New York Times]] \|access-date=November 1, 2013}}</ref> His parents left Iziaslav separately, his father first walking over the border into Poland while his mother and grandmother were smuggled out of the [[Soviet Union]] in a horse-drawn wagon by hiding under bales of hay.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|7}} They reunited after arriving in the United States.<ref name="yiddish">{{cite web\|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9QAYvI5CC5s \| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/9QAYvI5CC5s\| archive-date=December 11, 2021 \| url-status=live\|title=Leonard Nimoy's Mameloshn: A Yiddish Story \|publisher=Yiddish Book Center\|date=February 6, 2014 \|access-date=February 26, 2015 }}{{cbignore}}</ref> His mother, Dora (née Spinner; 1904–1987), was a homemaker, and his father, Max Nimoy (1901–1987), owned a barbershop in the [[Mattapan]] section of Boston.<ref>{{Cite book \|title=Boston City Directory \|publisher=Sampson & Murdock company \|year=1963 \|pages=1308 \|language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Gerber \|first=Barbara \|date=July 1962 \|title=First haircut by Leonard Nimoy's (Dr. Spock's) father, 1962 \|url=https://openarchives.umb.edu/digital/collection/p15774coll6/id/5139 \|access-date=October 1, 2023 \|website=openarchives.umb.edu \|language=en}}</ref> He had an elder brother, Melvin (1926–2022).<ref name="NYT-20150227">{{cite news \|last=Heffernan \|first=Virginia \|author-link=Virginia Heffernan \|title=Leonard Nimoy, Spock of 'Star Trek,' Dies at 82\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/27/arts/television/leonard-nimoy-spock-of-star-trek-dies-at-83.html \|date=February 27, 2015 \|work=[[The New York Times]] \|access-date=February 27, 2015 }}</ref>		</ref><ref>{{cite book \|last=Sammarco \|first=Anthony Mitchell \|title=Boston's West End \|year=1998 \|publisher=[[Arcadia Publishing]] \|location=Charleston, SC \|page=[https://archive.org/details/bostonswestend00samm/page/85 85] \|isbn=978-0-7524-1257-3 \|oclc=40670283 \|lccn=98087140 \|ref=Sammarco \|url=https://archive.org/details/bostonswestend00samm/page/85 }}</ref> of [[Boston\|Boston, Massachusetts]], to Jewish immigrants from [[Iziaslav, Ukraine\|Iziaslav]], [[Ukraine]].<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.theofficialleonardnimoyfanclub.com/Biography.html \|title=Biography \|website=The Official Leonard Nimoy Fan Club \|publisher=Maggy Edwards \|location=Coventry, England \|access-date=June 22, 2010 \|archive-date=May 14, 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514052249/http://www.theofficialleonardnimoyfanclub.com/Biography.html \|url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Leonard Simon Nimoy \|url=http://www.mlucks.com/genealogy/lucks/getperson.php?personID=I3854&tree=6 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20231001030909/https://www.mlucks.com/genealogy/lucks/getperson.php?personID=I3854&tree=6 \|archive-date=October 1, 2023 \|access-date=November 1, 2013 \|website=Genealogy of Lucks, Kai and Related Families \|publisher=Michael Lucks \|location=Columbia, MD}}</ref><ref name="Ellin">{{cite news \|last=Ellin \|first=Abby \|date=May 13, 2007 \|title=Girth and Nudity, a Pictorial Mission \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/13/fashion/13nimoy.html?pagewanted=print&_r=0 \|work=[[The New York Times]] \|access-date=November 1, 2013}}</ref> His parents left Iziaslav separately, his father first walking over the border into Poland while his mother and grandmother were smuggled out of the [[Soviet Union]] in a horse-drawn wagon by hiding under bales of hay.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|7}} They reunited after arriving in the United States.<ref name="yiddish">{{cite web\|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9QAYvI5CC5s \| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/9QAYvI5CC5s\| archive-date=December 11, 2021 \| url-status=live\|title=Leonard Nimoy's Mameloshn: A Yiddish Story \|publisher=Yiddish Book Center\|date=February 6, 2014 \|access-date=February 26, 2015 }}{{cbignore}}</ref> His mother, Dora (née Spinner; 1904–1987), was a homemaker, and his father, Max Nimoy (1901–1987), owned a barbershop in the [[Mattapan]] section of Boston.<ref>{{Cite book \|title=Boston City Directory \|publisher=Sampson & Murdock company \|year=1963 \|pages=1308 \|language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Gerber \|first=Barbara \|date=July 1962 \|title=First haircut by Leonard Nimoy's (Dr. Spock's) father, 1962 \|url=https://openarchives.umb.edu/digital/collection/p15774coll6/id/5139 \|access-date=October 1, 2023 \|website=openarchives.umb.edu \|language=en}}</ref> He had an elder brother, Melvin (1926–2022).<ref name="NYT-20150227">{{cite news \|last=Heffernan \|first=Virginia \|author-link=Virginia Heffernan \|title=Leonard Nimoy, Spock of 'Star Trek,' Dies at 82\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/27/arts/television/leonard-nimoy-spock-of-star-trek-dies-at-83.html \|date=February 27, 2015 \|work=[[The New York Times]] \|access-date=February 27, 2015 }}</ref>

	As a child, Nimoy took miscellaneous jobs to supplement his family's income, including selling newspapers and greeting cards, shining shoes, or setting up chairs in theaters, and when he got older, selling vacuum cleaners.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|12}} He began acting at the age of eight in a children's and neighborhood theater.<ref name="yiddish" /> His parents wanted him to attend college and pursue a stable career, or even learn to play the [[accordion]], so he could always make a living, but his grandfather encouraged him to do what he then wanted to do most, which was acting.<ref name="rawnerve">{{cite episode \|title=Leonard Nimoy \|series=[[Shatner's Raw Nerve]] \|date=January 6, 2009 \|url=http://www.biography.com/tv/shatners-raw-nerve/episodes/07-leonard-nimoy \|network=[[FYI (American TV channel)\|The Biography Channel]] \|season=1 \|number=7 \|last=Shatner \|first=William (host) \|author-link=William Shatner}}</ref> Nimoy realized he had an aptitude for singing, which he developed in his synagogue's choir.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|17}} His singing during his [[bar mitzvah]] at age 13 was so good he was asked to repeat his performance the following week at another synagogue. [[William Shatner]] said, "He is still the only man I know whose voice was two bar mitzvahs good!"<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|18}}		As a child, Nimoy took miscellaneous jobs to supplement his family's income, including selling newspapers and greeting cards, shining shoes, or setting up chairs in theaters, and when he got older, selling vacuum cleaners.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|12}} He began acting at the age of eight in a children's and neighborhood theater.<ref name="yiddish" /> His parents wanted him to attend college and pursue a stable career, or even learn to play the [[accordion]], so he could always make a living, but his grandfather encouraged him to do what he then wanted to do most, which was acting.<ref name="rawnerve">{{cite episode \|title=Leonard Nimoy \|series=[[Shatner's Raw Nerve]] \|date=January 6, 2009 \|url=http://www.biography.com/tv/shatners-raw-nerve/episodes/07-leonard-nimoy \|network=[[FYI (American TV channel)\|The Biography Channel]] \|season=1 \|number=7 \|last=Shatner \|first=William (host) \|author-link=William Shatner}}</ref> Nimoy realized he had an aptitude for singing, which he developed in his synagogue's choir.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|17}} His singing during his [[bar mitzvah]] at age 13 was so good he was asked to repeat his performance the following week at another synagogue. [[William Shatner]] said, "He is still the only man I know whose voice was two bar mitzvahs good!"<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|18}}

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Temuera at 18:22, 14 October 2024

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	'''Leonard Simon Nimoy''' ({{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|n\|iː\|m\|ɔɪ}} {{respell\|NEE\|moy}}; March 26, 1931 – February 27, 2015) was an American actor and director,<!--NOTE: The lead sentence should stick to what he was primarily known for. The infobox is there to include additional occupations.--> famed for playing [[Spock]] in the ''[[Star Trek]]'' franchise for almost 50 years.<ref name="NYT-20150227" /> This includes [[Development of Spock\|originating Spock]] in [[Star Trek: The Original Series\|the original ''Star Trek'' series]] in 1966, then ''[[Star Trek: The Animated Series]]'', the first six [[List of Star Trek films\|''Star Trek'' films]], ''[[Star Trek: The Next Generation]]'', [[Star Trek (2009 film)\|the 2009 ''Star Trek'' film]], and ''[[Star Trek Into Darkness]]''. Nimoy also directed films, including ''[[Star Trek III: The Search for Spock]]'' (1984), ''[[Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home]]'' (1986), and ''[[Three Men and a Baby]]'' (1987), and his career included roles in music videos and video games.<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Snaith\|first=Kim\|date=March 2, 2015\|title=Spock did Video Games too: A homage to Leonard Nimoy\|url=https://www.gamespew.com/2015/03/leonard_nimoy_video_games/\|access-date=October 18, 2021\|website=GameSpew\|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|last=Mejia\|first=Paula\|date=February 28, 2015\|title=Ten Memorable Leonard Nimoy Onscreen Appearances\|url=https://www.newsweek.com/ten-memorable-leonard-nimoy-onscreen-appearances-310373\|access-date=October 18, 2021\|website=Newsweek\|language=en}}</ref> In addition to acting and filmmaking, Nimoy was a photographer, author, singer, and songwriter.		'''Leonard Simon Nimoy''' ({{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|n\|iː\|m\|ɔɪ}} {{respell\|NEE\|moy}}; March 26, 1931 – February 27, 2015) was an American actor and director,<!--NOTE: The lead sentence should stick to what he was primarily known for. The infobox is there to include additional occupations.--> famed for playing [[Spock]] in the ''[[Star Trek]]'' franchise for almost 50 years.<ref name="NYT-20150227" /> This includes [[Development of Spock\|originating Spock]] in [[Star Trek: The Original Series\|the original ''Star Trek'' series]] in 1966, then ''[[Star Trek: The Animated Series]]'', the first six [[List of Star Trek films\|''Star Trek'' films]], ''[[Star Trek: The Next Generation]]'', [[Star Trek (2009 film)\|the 2009 ''Star Trek'' film]], and ''[[Star Trek Into Darkness]]''. Nimoy also directed films, including ''[[Star Trek III: The Search for Spock]]'' (1984), ''[[Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home]]'' (1986), and ''[[Three Men and a Baby]]'' (1987), and his career included roles in music videos and video games.<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Snaith\|first=Kim\|date=March 2, 2015\|title=Spock did Video Games too: A homage to Leonard Nimoy\|url=https://www.gamespew.com/2015/03/leonard_nimoy_video_games/\|access-date=October 18, 2021\|website=GameSpew\|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|last=Mejia\|first=Paula\|date=February 28, 2015\|title=Ten Memorable Leonard Nimoy Onscreen Appearances\|url=https://www.newsweek.com/ten-memorable-leonard-nimoy-onscreen-appearances-310373\|access-date=October 18, 2021\|website=Newsweek\|language=en}}</ref> In addition to acting and filmmaking, Nimoy was a photographer, author, singer, and songwriter.

	Nimoy's [[Leonard Nimoy filmography\|acting career]] began during his early twenties, teaching acting classes in Hollywood and making minor film and television appearances throughout the 1950s. From 1953 to 1955, he served in the [[United States Army]] as a Staff Sergeant in the [[Special Services (entertainment)\|Special Services]], an entertainment branch of the [[United States Armed Forces\|American military]].<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Military.com\|date=February 12, 2019\|title=Famous Veteran: Leonard Nimoy\|url=https://www.military.com/veteran-jobs/career-advice/military-transition/famous-veteran-leonard-nimoy.html\|access-date=October 15, 2021\|website=Military.com\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|last=Curthoys\|first=Kathleen\|date=February 27, 2015\|title=Leonard Nimoy, a former soldier, dies at 83\|url=https://www.armytimes.com/off-duty/movies-video-games/2015/02/27/leonard-nimoy-a-former-soldier-dies-at-82/\|access-date=October 15, 2021\|website=Army Times\|language=en}}{{Dead link\|date=October 2023 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> He originated and developed Spock beginning with the February 1964 ''Star Trek'' television pilots "[[The Cage (Star Trek: The Original Series)\|The Cage]]" and "[[Where No Man Has Gone Before]]", through series' end in early 1969, followed by eight feature films and guest appearances in spin-offs. From 1967 to 1970, Nimoy had a [[Leonard Nimoy discography\|music career]] with [[Dot Records]], with his first and second albums mostly as Spock.<ref>{{Cite magazine\|title=Leonard Nimoy Was So Much More Than Mr. Spock\|url=https://time.com/3726395/leonard-nimoy-dead-career-besides-spock/\|access-date=October 18, 2021\|magazine=Time\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Highly Illogical? The singing career of Leonard Nimoy\|url=https://www.metv.com/stories/highly-illogical-the-singing-career-of-leonard-nimoy\|access-date=October 18, 2021\|website=Me-TV Network\|language=en}}</ref> After the original ''Star Trek'' series, Nimoy starred in ''[[Mission: Impossible (1966 TV series)\|Mission: Impossible]]'' for two seasons, hosted the documentary series ''[[In Search of... (TV series)\|In Search of...]]'', appeared in ''[[Columbo]]'', and made several well-received stage appearances.		Nimoy's [[Leonard Nimoy filmography\|acting career]] began during his early twenties, teaching acting classes in Hollywood and making minor film and television appearances throughout the 1950s. From 1953 to 1955, he served in the [[United States Army]] as a Staff Sergeant in the [[Special Services (entertainment)\|Special Services]], an entertainment branch of the [[United States Armed Forces\|American military]].<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Military.com\|date=February 12, 2019\|title=Famous Veteran: Leonard Nimoy\|url=https://www.military.com/veteran-jobs/career-advice/military-transition/famous-veteran-leonard-nimoy.html\|access-date=October 15, 2021\|website=Military.com\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|last=Curthoys\|first=Kathleen\|date=February 27, 2015\|title=Leonard Nimoy, a former soldier, dies at 83\|url=https://www.armytimes.com/off-duty/movies-video-games/2015/02/27/leonard-nimoy-a-former-soldier-dies-at-82/\|access-date=October 15, 2021\|website=Army Times\|language=en}}{{Dead link\|date=October 2023 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> He originated and developed Spock beginning with the February 1964 ''Star Trek'' television pilots "[[The Cage (Star Trek: The Original Series)\|The Cage]]" and "[[Where No Man Has Gone Before]]", through series' end in early 1969, followed by eight feature films and guest appearances in spin-offs. From 1967 to 1970, Nimoy had a [[Leonard Nimoy discography\|music career]] with [[Dot Records]], with his first and second albums mostly as Spock.<ref>{{Cite magazine\|title=Leonard Nimoy Was So Much More Than Mr. Spock\|url=https://time.com/3726395/leonard-nimoy-dead-career-besides-spock/\|access-date=October 18, 2021\|magazine=Time\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Highly Illogical? The singing career of Leonard Nimoy\|url=https://www.metv.com/stories/highly-illogical-the-singing-career-of-leonard-nimoy\|access-date=October 18, 2021\|website=Me-TV Network\|language=en}}</ref> After the original ''Star Trek'' series, Nimoy starred in ''[[Mission: Impossible (1966 TV series)\|Mission: Impossible]]'' for two seasons, hosted the documentary series ''[[In Search of... (TV series)\|In Search of...]]'', appeared in ''[[Columbo]]'', and made several well-received stage appearances.

Qwirkle: /* Early life */ Not in his early life, he didn’t.

2024-10-13T04:55:02Z

Early life: Not in his early life, he didn’t.

← Previous revision		Revision as of 04:55, 13 October 2024
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	*{{cite news \|title=A Look Into Leonard Nimoy's Time in Boston's West End \|url=https://www.bdcwire.com/leonard-nimoy-boston/ \|access-date=October 11, 2022 \|work=BDCWire \|date=February 26, 2015}}		*{{cite news \|title=A Look Into Leonard Nimoy's Time in Boston's West End \|url=https://www.bdcwire.com/leonard-nimoy-boston/ \|access-date=October 11, 2022 \|work=BDCWire \|date=February 26, 2015}}
	*{{cite news \|last1=Rosenbaum \|first1=S.I. \|title=Leonard Nimoy: An Alien from Boston \|url=http://blog.thephoenix.com/BLOGS/laserorgy/archive/2011/05/09/nimoy.aspx \|access-date=October 11, 2022 \|work=[[The Phoenix (newspaper)\|The Phoenix]] \|date=May 9, 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324054712/http://blog.thephoenix.com/BLOGS/laserorgy/archive/2011/05/09/nimoy.aspx \|archive-date=March 24, 2012}}		*{{cite news \|last1=Rosenbaum \|first1=S.I. \|title=Leonard Nimoy: An Alien from Boston \|url=http://blog.thephoenix.com/BLOGS/laserorgy/archive/2011/05/09/nimoy.aspx \|access-date=October 11, 2022 \|work=[[The Phoenix (newspaper)\|The Phoenix]] \|date=May 9, 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324054712/http://blog.thephoenix.com/BLOGS/laserorgy/archive/2011/05/09/nimoy.aspx \|archive-date=March 24, 2012}}
	</ref><ref>{{cite book \|last=Sammarco \|first=Anthony Mitchell \|title=Boston's West End \|year=1998 \|publisher=[[Arcadia Publishing]] \|location=Charleston, SC \|page=[https://archive.org/details/bostonswestend00samm/page/85 85] \|isbn=978-0-7524-1257-3 \|oclc=40670283 \|lccn=98087140 \|ref=Sammarco \|url=https://archive.org/details/bostonswestend00samm/page/85 }}</ref> of [[Boston\|Boston, Massachusetts]], to Jewish immigrants from [[Iziaslav, Ukraine\|Iziaslav]], Ukraine.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.theofficialleonardnimoyfanclub.com/Biography.html \|title=Biography \|website=The Official Leonard Nimoy Fan Club \|publisher=Maggy Edwards \|location=Coventry, England \|access-date=June 22, 2010 \|archive-date=May 14, 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514052249/http://www.theofficialleonardnimoyfanclub.com/Biography.html \|url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Leonard Simon Nimoy \|url=http://www.mlucks.com/genealogy/lucks/getperson.php?personID=I3854&tree=6 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20231001030909/https://www.mlucks.com/genealogy/lucks/getperson.php?personID=I3854&tree=6 \|archive-date=October 1, 2023 \|access-date=November 1, 2013 \|website=Genealogy of Lucks, Kai and Related Families \|publisher=Michael Lucks \|location=Columbia, MD}}</ref><ref name="Ellin">{{cite news \|last=Ellin \|first=Abby \|date=May 13, 2007 \|title=Girth and Nudity, a Pictorial Mission \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/13/fashion/13nimoy.html?pagewanted=print&_r=0 \|work=[[The New York Times]] \|access-date=November 1, 2013}}</ref> His parents left Iziaslav separately, his father first walking over the border into Poland while his mother and grandmother were smuggled out of the [[Soviet Union]] in a horse-drawn wagon by hiding under bales of hay.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|7}} They reunited after arriving in the United States.<ref name="yiddish">{{cite web\|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9QAYvI5CC5s \| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/9QAYvI5CC5s\| archive-date=December 11, 2021 \| url-status=live\|title=Leonard Nimoy's Mameloshn: A Yiddish Story \|publisher=Yiddish Book Center\|date=February 6, 2014 \|access-date=February 26, 2015 }}{{cbignore}}</ref> His mother, Dora (née Spinner; 1904–1987), was a homemaker, and his father, Max Nimoy (1901–1987), owned a barbershop in the [[Mattapan]] section of Boston.<ref>{{Cite book \|title=Boston City Directory \|publisher=Sampson & Murdock company \|year=1963 \|pages=1308 \|language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Gerber \|first=Barbara \|date=July 1962 \|title=First haircut by Leonard Nimoy's (Dr. Spock's) father, 1962 \|url=https://openarchives.umb.edu/digital/collection/p15774coll6/id/5139 \|access-date=October 1, 2023 \|website=openarchives.umb.edu \|language=en}}</ref> He had an elder brother, Melvin (1926–2022).<ref name="NYT-20150227">{{cite news \|last=Heffernan \|first=Virginia \|author-link=Virginia Heffernan \|title=Leonard Nimoy, Spock of 'Star Trek,' Dies at 82\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/27/arts/television/leonard-nimoy-spock-of-star-trek-dies-at-83.html \|date=February 27, 2015 \|work=[[The New York Times]] \|access-date=February 27, 2015 }}</ref> He also had a distant cousin, [[Jeff Nimoy]], a writer and actor.<ref name="Nimoy Family">{{cite news\|title=The Nimoy Family \|url=https://thestoop.tv/about-jeff-nimoy/the-nimoy-family/ \|date=August 26, 2020 \|work=The Stoop \|access-date=August 26, 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=Leonard Nimoy on Twitter \|newspaper=Twitter \|url=https://twitter.com/therealnimoy/status/225645047671033856 \|url-status=live \|access-date=December 26, 2016 \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20231001022138/https://twitter.com/therealnimoy/status/225645047671033856 \|archive-date=October 1, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Nimoy \|first=Jeff \|date=May 26, 2020 \|title=The Other Nimoy: These Are the Voyages of a Second Cousin (once removed) \|url=https://medium.com/@jeffnimoy/the-other-nimoy-these-are-the-voyages-of-a-second-cousin-once-removed-1cfe62290ad6 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20231001023630/https://medium.com/@jeffnimoy/the-other-nimoy-these-are-the-voyages-of-a-second-cousin-once-removed-1cfe62290ad6 \|archive-date=October 1, 2023 \|access-date=October 1, 2023 \|website=Medium \|language=en}}</ref>		</ref><ref>{{cite book \|last=Sammarco \|first=Anthony Mitchell \|title=Boston's West End \|year=1998 \|publisher=[[Arcadia Publishing]] \|location=Charleston, SC \|page=[https://archive.org/details/bostonswestend00samm/page/85 85] \|isbn=978-0-7524-1257-3 \|oclc=40670283 \|lccn=98087140 \|ref=Sammarco \|url=https://archive.org/details/bostonswestend00samm/page/85 }}</ref> of [[Boston\|Boston, Massachusetts]], to Jewish immigrants from [[Iziaslav, Ukraine\|Iziaslav]], Ukraine.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.theofficialleonardnimoyfanclub.com/Biography.html \|title=Biography \|website=The Official Leonard Nimoy Fan Club \|publisher=Maggy Edwards \|location=Coventry, England \|access-date=June 22, 2010 \|archive-date=May 14, 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514052249/http://www.theofficialleonardnimoyfanclub.com/Biography.html \|url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Leonard Simon Nimoy \|url=http://www.mlucks.com/genealogy/lucks/getperson.php?personID=I3854&tree=6 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20231001030909/https://www.mlucks.com/genealogy/lucks/getperson.php?personID=I3854&tree=6 \|archive-date=October 1, 2023 \|access-date=November 1, 2013 \|website=Genealogy of Lucks, Kai and Related Families \|publisher=Michael Lucks \|location=Columbia, MD}}</ref><ref name="Ellin">{{cite news \|last=Ellin \|first=Abby \|date=May 13, 2007 \|title=Girth and Nudity, a Pictorial Mission \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/13/fashion/13nimoy.html?pagewanted=print&_r=0 \|work=[[The New York Times]] \|access-date=November 1, 2013}}</ref> His parents left Iziaslav separately, his father first walking over the border into Poland while his mother and grandmother were smuggled out of the [[Soviet Union]] in a horse-drawn wagon by hiding under bales of hay.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|7}} They reunited after arriving in the United States.<ref name="yiddish">{{cite web\|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9QAYvI5CC5s \| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/9QAYvI5CC5s\| archive-date=December 11, 2021 \| url-status=live\|title=Leonard Nimoy's Mameloshn: A Yiddish Story \|publisher=Yiddish Book Center\|date=February 6, 2014 \|access-date=February 26, 2015 }}{{cbignore}}</ref> His mother, Dora (née Spinner; 1904–1987), was a homemaker, and his father, Max Nimoy (1901–1987), owned a barbershop in the [[Mattapan]] section of Boston.<ref>{{Cite book \|title=Boston City Directory \|publisher=Sampson & Murdock company \|year=1963 \|pages=1308 \|language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Gerber \|first=Barbara \|date=July 1962 \|title=First haircut by Leonard Nimoy's (Dr. Spock's) father, 1962 \|url=https://openarchives.umb.edu/digital/collection/p15774coll6/id/5139 \|access-date=October 1, 2023 \|website=openarchives.umb.edu \|language=en}}</ref> He had an elder brother, Melvin (1926–2022).<ref name="NYT-20150227">{{cite news \|last=Heffernan \|first=Virginia \|author-link=Virginia Heffernan \|title=Leonard Nimoy, Spock of 'Star Trek,' Dies at 82\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/27/arts/television/leonard-nimoy-spock-of-star-trek-dies-at-83.html \|date=February 27, 2015 \|work=[[The New York Times]] \|access-date=February 27, 2015 }}</ref>

	As a child, Nimoy took miscellaneous jobs to supplement his family's income, including selling newspapers and greeting cards, shining shoes, or setting up chairs in theaters, and when he got older, selling vacuum cleaners.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|12}} He began acting at the age of eight in a children's and neighborhood theater.<ref name="yiddish" /> His parents wanted him to attend college and pursue a stable career, or even learn to play the [[accordion]], so he could always make a living, but his grandfather encouraged him to do what he then wanted to do most, which was acting.<ref name="rawnerve">{{cite episode \|title=Leonard Nimoy \|series=[[Shatner's Raw Nerve]] \|date=January 6, 2009 \|url=http://www.biography.com/tv/shatners-raw-nerve/episodes/07-leonard-nimoy \|network=[[FYI (American TV channel)\|The Biography Channel]] \|season=1 \|number=7 \|last=Shatner \|first=William (host) \|author-link=William Shatner}}</ref> Nimoy realized he had an aptitude for singing, which he developed in his synagogue's choir.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|17}} His singing during his [[bar mitzvah]] at age 13 was so good he was asked to repeat his performance the following week at another synagogue. [[William Shatner]] said, "He is still the only man I know whose voice was two bar mitzvahs good!"<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|18}}		As a child, Nimoy took miscellaneous jobs to supplement his family's income, including selling newspapers and greeting cards, shining shoes, or setting up chairs in theaters, and when he got older, selling vacuum cleaners.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|12}} He began acting at the age of eight in a children's and neighborhood theater.<ref name="yiddish" /> His parents wanted him to attend college and pursue a stable career, or even learn to play the [[accordion]], so he could always make a living, but his grandfather encouraged him to do what he then wanted to do most, which was acting.<ref name="rawnerve">{{cite episode \|title=Leonard Nimoy \|series=[[Shatner's Raw Nerve]] \|date=January 6, 2009 \|url=http://www.biography.com/tv/shatners-raw-nerve/episodes/07-leonard-nimoy \|network=[[FYI (American TV channel)\|The Biography Channel]] \|season=1 \|number=7 \|last=Shatner \|first=William (host) \|author-link=William Shatner}}</ref> Nimoy realized he had an aptitude for singing, which he developed in his synagogue's choir.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|17}} His singing during his [[bar mitzvah]] at age 13 was so good he was asked to repeat his performance the following week at another synagogue. [[William Shatner]] said, "He is still the only man I know whose voice was two bar mitzvahs good!"<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|18}}

Dizmaster at 16:37, 28 September 2024

2024-09-28T16:37:34Z

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:37, 28 September 2024
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	\| caption = Nimoy in 1973		\| caption = Nimoy in 1973
	\| birth_date = {{Birth date\|1931\|3\|26}}		\| birth_date = {{Birth date\|1931\|3\|26}}
	\| birth_place = [[~~(West End)~~ Boston, Massachusetts]], U.S.		\| birth_place = [[Boston, Massachusetts]], U.S.
	\| death_date = {{Death date and age\|2015\|2\|27\|1931\|3\|26}}		\| death_date = {{Death date and age\|2015\|2\|27\|1931\|3\|26}}
	\| death_place = [[Los Angeles, California]], U.S.		\| death_place = [[Los Angeles, California]], U.S.

Dizmaster at 16:32, 28 September 2024

2024-09-28T16:32:59Z

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:32, 28 September 2024
Line 8:		Line 8:
	\| caption = Nimoy in 1973		\| caption = Nimoy in 1973
	\| birth_date = {{Birth date\|1931\|3\|26}}		\| birth_date = {{Birth date\|1931\|3\|26}}
	\| birth_place = [[Boston, Massachusetts]], U.S.		\| birth_place = [[(West End) Boston, Massachusetts]], U.S.
	\| death_date = {{Death date and age\|2015\|2\|27\|1931\|3\|26}}		\| death_date = {{Death date and age\|2015\|2\|27\|1931\|3\|26}}
	\| death_place = [[Los Angeles, California]], U.S.		\| death_place = [[Los Angeles, California]], U.S.

← Previous revision		Revision as of 21:18, 2 November 2024
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	*{{cite news \|title=A Look Into Leonard Nimoy's Time in Boston's West End \|url=https://www.bdcwire.com/leonard-nimoy-boston/ \|access-date=October 11, 2022 \|work=BDCWire \|date=February 26, 2015}}		*{{cite news \|title=A Look Into Leonard Nimoy's Time in Boston's West End \|url=https://www.bdcwire.com/leonard-nimoy-boston/ \|access-date=October 11, 2022 \|work=BDCWire \|date=February 26, 2015}}
	*{{cite news \|last1=Rosenbaum \|first1=S.I. \|title=Leonard Nimoy: An Alien from Boston \|url=http://blog.thephoenix.com/BLOGS/laserorgy/archive/2011/05/09/nimoy.aspx \|access-date=October 11, 2022 \|work=[[The Phoenix (newspaper)\|The Phoenix]] \|date=May 9, 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324054712/http://blog.thephoenix.com/BLOGS/laserorgy/archive/2011/05/09/nimoy.aspx \|archive-date=March 24, 2012}}		*{{cite news \|last1=Rosenbaum \|first1=S.I. \|title=Leonard Nimoy: An Alien from Boston \|url=http://blog.thephoenix.com/BLOGS/laserorgy/archive/2011/05/09/nimoy.aspx \|access-date=October 11, 2022 \|work=[[The Phoenix (newspaper)\|The Phoenix]] \|date=May 9, 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324054712/http://blog.thephoenix.com/BLOGS/laserorgy/archive/2011/05/09/nimoy.aspx \|archive-date=March 24, 2012}}
	</ref><ref>{{cite book \|last=Sammarco \|first=Anthony Mitchell \|title=Boston's West End \|year=1998 \|publisher=[[Arcadia Publishing]] \|location=Charleston, SC \|page=[https://archive.org/details/bostonswestend00samm/page/85 85] \|isbn=978-0-7524-1257-3 \|oclc=40670283 \|lccn=98087140 \|ref=Sammarco \|url=https://archive.org/details/bostonswestend00samm/page/85 }}</ref> of [[Boston\|Boston, Massachusetts]], to Jewish immigrants from [[Iziaslav, Ukraine\|Iziaslav]], Ukraine.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.theofficialleonardnimoyfanclub.com/Biography.html \|title=Biography \|website=The Official Leonard Nimoy Fan Club \|publisher=Maggy Edwards \|location=Coventry, England \|access-date=June 22, 2010 \|archive-date=May 14, 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514052249/http://www.theofficialleonardnimoyfanclub.com/Biography.html \|url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Leonard Simon Nimoy \|url=http://www.mlucks.com/genealogy/lucks/getperson.php?personID=I3854&tree=6 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20231001030909/https://www.mlucks.com/genealogy/lucks/getperson.php?personID=I3854&tree=6 \|archive-date=October 1, 2023 \|access-date=November 1, 2013 \|website=Genealogy of Lucks, Kai and Related Families \|publisher=Michael Lucks \|location=Columbia, MD}}</ref><ref name="Ellin">{{cite news \|last=Ellin \|first=Abby \|date=May 13, 2007 \|title=Girth and Nudity, a Pictorial Mission \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/13/fashion/13nimoy.html?pagewanted=print&_r=0 \|work=[[The New York Times]] \|access-date=November 1, 2013}}</ref> His parents left Iziaslav separately, his father first walking over the border into Poland while his mother and grandmother were smuggled out of the [[Soviet Union]] in a horse-drawn wagon by hiding under bales of hay.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|7}} They reunited after arriving in the United States.<ref name="yiddish">{{cite web\|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9QAYvI5CC5s \| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/9QAYvI5CC5s\| archive-date=December 11, 2021 \| url-status=live\|title=Leonard Nimoy's Mameloshn: A Yiddish Story \|publisher=Yiddish Book Center\|date=February 6, 2014 \|access-date=February 26, 2015 }}{{cbignore}}</ref> His mother, Dora (née Spinner; 1904–1987), was a homemaker, and his father, Max Nimoy (1901–1987), owned a barbershop in the [[Mattapan]] section of Boston.<ref>{{Cite book \|title=Boston City Directory \|publisher=Sampson & Murdock company \|year=1963 \|pages=1308 \|language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Gerber \|first=Barbara \|date=July 1962 \|title=First haircut by Leonard Nimoy's (Dr. Spock's) father, 1962 \|url=https://openarchives.umb.edu/digital/collection/p15774coll6/id/5139 \|access-date=October 1, 2023 \|website=openarchives.umb.edu \|language=en}}</ref> He had an elder brother, Melvin (1926–2022).<ref name="NYT-20150227">{{cite news \|last=Heffernan \|first=Virginia \|author-link=Virginia Heffernan \|title=Leonard Nimoy, Spock of 'Star Trek,' Dies at 82\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/27/arts/television/leonard-nimoy-spock-of-star-trek-dies-at-83.html \|date=February 27, 2015 \|work=[[The New York Times]] \|access-date=February 27, 2015 }}</ref>		</ref><ref>{{cite book \|last=Sammarco \|first=Anthony Mitchell \|title=Boston's West End \|year=1998 \|publisher=[[Arcadia Publishing]] \|location=Charleston, SC \|page=[https://archive.org/details/bostonswestend00samm/page/85 85] \|isbn=978-0-7524-1257-3 \|oclc=40670283 \|lccn=98087140 \|ref=Sammarco \|url=https://archive.org/details/bostonswestend00samm/page/85 }}</ref> of [[Boston\|Boston, Massachusetts]], to Jewish immigrants from [[Iziaslav, Ukraine\|Iziaslav]], [[Ukraine]].<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.theofficialleonardnimoyfanclub.com/Biography.html \|title=Biography \|website=The Official Leonard Nimoy Fan Club \|publisher=Maggy Edwards \|location=Coventry, England \|access-date=June 22, 2010 \|archive-date=May 14, 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514052249/http://www.theofficialleonardnimoyfanclub.com/Biography.html \|url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Leonard Simon Nimoy \|url=http://www.mlucks.com/genealogy/lucks/getperson.php?personID=I3854&tree=6 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20231001030909/https://www.mlucks.com/genealogy/lucks/getperson.php?personID=I3854&tree=6 \|archive-date=October 1, 2023 \|access-date=November 1, 2013 \|website=Genealogy of Lucks, Kai and Related Families \|publisher=Michael Lucks \|location=Columbia, MD}}</ref><ref name="Ellin">{{cite news \|last=Ellin \|first=Abby \|date=May 13, 2007 \|title=Girth and Nudity, a Pictorial Mission \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/13/fashion/13nimoy.html?pagewanted=print&_r=0 \|work=[[The New York Times]] \|access-date=November 1, 2013}}</ref> His parents left Iziaslav separately, his father first walking over the border into Poland while his mother and grandmother were smuggled out of the [[Soviet Union]] in a horse-drawn wagon by hiding under bales of hay.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|7}} They reunited after arriving in the United States.<ref name="yiddish">{{cite web\|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9QAYvI5CC5s \| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/9QAYvI5CC5s\| archive-date=December 11, 2021 \| url-status=live\|title=Leonard Nimoy's Mameloshn: A Yiddish Story \|publisher=Yiddish Book Center\|date=February 6, 2014 \|access-date=February 26, 2015 }}{{cbignore}}</ref> His mother, Dora (née Spinner; 1904–1987), was a homemaker, and his father, Max Nimoy (1901–1987), owned a barbershop in the [[Mattapan]] section of Boston.<ref>{{Cite book \|title=Boston City Directory \|publisher=Sampson & Murdock company \|year=1963 \|pages=1308 \|language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Gerber \|first=Barbara \|date=July 1962 \|title=First haircut by Leonard Nimoy's (Dr. Spock's) father, 1962 \|url=https://openarchives.umb.edu/digital/collection/p15774coll6/id/5139 \|access-date=October 1, 2023 \|website=openarchives.umb.edu \|language=en}}</ref> He had an elder brother, Melvin (1926–2022).<ref name="NYT-20150227">{{cite news \|last=Heffernan \|first=Virginia \|author-link=Virginia Heffernan \|title=Leonard Nimoy, Spock of 'Star Trek,' Dies at 82\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/27/arts/television/leonard-nimoy-spock-of-star-trek-dies-at-83.html \|date=February 27, 2015 \|work=[[The New York Times]] \|access-date=February 27, 2015 }}</ref>

	As a child, Nimoy took miscellaneous jobs to supplement his family's income, including selling newspapers and greeting cards, shining shoes, or setting up chairs in theaters, and when he got older, selling vacuum cleaners.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|12}} He began acting at the age of eight in a children's and neighborhood theater.<ref name="yiddish" /> His parents wanted him to attend college and pursue a stable career, or even learn to play the [[accordion]], so he could always make a living, but his grandfather encouraged him to do what he then wanted to do most, which was acting.<ref name="rawnerve">{{cite episode \|title=Leonard Nimoy \|series=[[Shatner's Raw Nerve]] \|date=January 6, 2009 \|url=http://www.biography.com/tv/shatners-raw-nerve/episodes/07-leonard-nimoy \|network=[[FYI (American TV channel)\|The Biography Channel]] \|season=1 \|number=7 \|last=Shatner \|first=William (host) \|author-link=William Shatner}}</ref> Nimoy realized he had an aptitude for singing, which he developed in his synagogue's choir.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|17}} His singing during his [[bar mitzvah]] at age 13 was so good he was asked to repeat his performance the following week at another synagogue. [[William Shatner]] said, "He is still the only man I know whose voice was two bar mitzvahs good!"<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|18}}		As a child, Nimoy took miscellaneous jobs to supplement his family's income, including selling newspapers and greeting cards, shining shoes, or setting up chairs in theaters, and when he got older, selling vacuum cleaners.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|12}} He began acting at the age of eight in a children's and neighborhood theater.<ref name="yiddish" /> His parents wanted him to attend college and pursue a stable career, or even learn to play the [[accordion]], so he could always make a living, but his grandfather encouraged him to do what he then wanted to do most, which was acting.<ref name="rawnerve">{{cite episode \|title=Leonard Nimoy \|series=[[Shatner's Raw Nerve]] \|date=January 6, 2009 \|url=http://www.biography.com/tv/shatners-raw-nerve/episodes/07-leonard-nimoy \|network=[[FYI (American TV channel)\|The Biography Channel]] \|season=1 \|number=7 \|last=Shatner \|first=William (host) \|author-link=William Shatner}}</ref> Nimoy realized he had an aptitude for singing, which he developed in his synagogue's choir.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|17}} His singing during his [[bar mitzvah]] at age 13 was so good he was asked to repeat his performance the following week at another synagogue. [[William Shatner]] said, "He is still the only man I know whose voice was two bar mitzvahs good!"<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|18}}

← Previous revision		Revision as of 04:55, 13 October 2024
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	*{{cite news \|title=A Look Into Leonard Nimoy's Time in Boston's West End \|url=https://www.bdcwire.com/leonard-nimoy-boston/ \|access-date=October 11, 2022 \|work=BDCWire \|date=February 26, 2015}}		*{{cite news \|title=A Look Into Leonard Nimoy's Time in Boston's West End \|url=https://www.bdcwire.com/leonard-nimoy-boston/ \|access-date=October 11, 2022 \|work=BDCWire \|date=February 26, 2015}}
	*{{cite news \|last1=Rosenbaum \|first1=S.I. \|title=Leonard Nimoy: An Alien from Boston \|url=http://blog.thephoenix.com/BLOGS/laserorgy/archive/2011/05/09/nimoy.aspx \|access-date=October 11, 2022 \|work=[[The Phoenix (newspaper)\|The Phoenix]] \|date=May 9, 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324054712/http://blog.thephoenix.com/BLOGS/laserorgy/archive/2011/05/09/nimoy.aspx \|archive-date=March 24, 2012}}		*{{cite news \|last1=Rosenbaum \|first1=S.I. \|title=Leonard Nimoy: An Alien from Boston \|url=http://blog.thephoenix.com/BLOGS/laserorgy/archive/2011/05/09/nimoy.aspx \|access-date=October 11, 2022 \|work=[[The Phoenix (newspaper)\|The Phoenix]] \|date=May 9, 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324054712/http://blog.thephoenix.com/BLOGS/laserorgy/archive/2011/05/09/nimoy.aspx \|archive-date=March 24, 2012}}
	</ref><ref>{{cite book \|last=Sammarco \|first=Anthony Mitchell \|title=Boston's West End \|year=1998 \|publisher=[[Arcadia Publishing]] \|location=Charleston, SC \|page=[https://archive.org/details/bostonswestend00samm/page/85 85] \|isbn=978-0-7524-1257-3 \|oclc=40670283 \|lccn=98087140 \|ref=Sammarco \|url=https://archive.org/details/bostonswestend00samm/page/85 }}</ref> of [[Boston\|Boston, Massachusetts]], to Jewish immigrants from [[Iziaslav, Ukraine\|Iziaslav]], Ukraine.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.theofficialleonardnimoyfanclub.com/Biography.html \|title=Biography \|website=The Official Leonard Nimoy Fan Club \|publisher=Maggy Edwards \|location=Coventry, England \|access-date=June 22, 2010 \|archive-date=May 14, 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514052249/http://www.theofficialleonardnimoyfanclub.com/Biography.html \|url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Leonard Simon Nimoy \|url=http://www.mlucks.com/genealogy/lucks/getperson.php?personID=I3854&tree=6 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20231001030909/https://www.mlucks.com/genealogy/lucks/getperson.php?personID=I3854&tree=6 \|archive-date=October 1, 2023 \|access-date=November 1, 2013 \|website=Genealogy of Lucks, Kai and Related Families \|publisher=Michael Lucks \|location=Columbia, MD}}</ref><ref name="Ellin">{{cite news \|last=Ellin \|first=Abby \|date=May 13, 2007 \|title=Girth and Nudity, a Pictorial Mission \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/13/fashion/13nimoy.html?pagewanted=print&_r=0 \|work=[[The New York Times]] \|access-date=November 1, 2013}}</ref> His parents left Iziaslav separately, his father first walking over the border into Poland while his mother and grandmother were smuggled out of the [[Soviet Union]] in a horse-drawn wagon by hiding under bales of hay.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|7}} They reunited after arriving in the United States.<ref name="yiddish">{{cite web\|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9QAYvI5CC5s \| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/9QAYvI5CC5s\| archive-date=December 11, 2021 \| url-status=live\|title=Leonard Nimoy's Mameloshn: A Yiddish Story \|publisher=Yiddish Book Center\|date=February 6, 2014 \|access-date=February 26, 2015 }}{{cbignore}}</ref> His mother, Dora (née Spinner; 1904–1987), was a homemaker, and his father, Max Nimoy (1901–1987), owned a barbershop in the [[Mattapan]] section of Boston.<ref>{{Cite book \|title=Boston City Directory \|publisher=Sampson & Murdock company \|year=1963 \|pages=1308 \|language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Gerber \|first=Barbara \|date=July 1962 \|title=First haircut by Leonard Nimoy's (Dr. Spock's) father, 1962 \|url=https://openarchives.umb.edu/digital/collection/p15774coll6/id/5139 \|access-date=October 1, 2023 \|website=openarchives.umb.edu \|language=en}}</ref> He had an elder brother, Melvin (1926–2022).<ref name="NYT-20150227">{{cite news \|last=Heffernan \|first=Virginia \|author-link=Virginia Heffernan \|title=Leonard Nimoy, Spock of 'Star Trek,' Dies at 82\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/27/arts/television/leonard-nimoy-spock-of-star-trek-dies-at-83.html \|date=February 27, 2015 \|work=[[The New York Times]] \|access-date=February 27, 2015 }}</ref> He also had a distant cousin, [[Jeff Nimoy]], a writer and actor.<ref name="Nimoy Family">{{cite news\|title=The Nimoy Family \|url=https://thestoop.tv/about-jeff-nimoy/the-nimoy-family/ \|date=August 26, 2020 \|work=The Stoop \|access-date=August 26, 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|title=Leonard Nimoy on Twitter \|newspaper=Twitter \|url=https://twitter.com/therealnimoy/status/225645047671033856 \|url-status=live \|access-date=December 26, 2016 \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20231001022138/https://twitter.com/therealnimoy/status/225645047671033856 \|archive-date=October 1, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Nimoy \|first=Jeff \|date=May 26, 2020 \|title=The Other Nimoy: These Are the Voyages of a Second Cousin (once removed) \|url=https://medium.com/@jeffnimoy/the-other-nimoy-these-are-the-voyages-of-a-second-cousin-once-removed-1cfe62290ad6 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20231001023630/https://medium.com/@jeffnimoy/the-other-nimoy-these-are-the-voyages-of-a-second-cousin-once-removed-1cfe62290ad6 \|archive-date=October 1, 2023 \|access-date=October 1, 2023 \|website=Medium \|language=en}}</ref>		</ref><ref>{{cite book \|last=Sammarco \|first=Anthony Mitchell \|title=Boston's West End \|year=1998 \|publisher=[[Arcadia Publishing]] \|location=Charleston, SC \|page=[https://archive.org/details/bostonswestend00samm/page/85 85] \|isbn=978-0-7524-1257-3 \|oclc=40670283 \|lccn=98087140 \|ref=Sammarco \|url=https://archive.org/details/bostonswestend00samm/page/85 }}</ref> of [[Boston\|Boston, Massachusetts]], to Jewish immigrants from [[Iziaslav, Ukraine\|Iziaslav]], Ukraine.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.theofficialleonardnimoyfanclub.com/Biography.html \|title=Biography \|website=The Official Leonard Nimoy Fan Club \|publisher=Maggy Edwards \|location=Coventry, England \|access-date=June 22, 2010 \|archive-date=May 14, 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514052249/http://www.theofficialleonardnimoyfanclub.com/Biography.html \|url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Leonard Simon Nimoy \|url=http://www.mlucks.com/genealogy/lucks/getperson.php?personID=I3854&tree=6 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20231001030909/https://www.mlucks.com/genealogy/lucks/getperson.php?personID=I3854&tree=6 \|archive-date=October 1, 2023 \|access-date=November 1, 2013 \|website=Genealogy of Lucks, Kai and Related Families \|publisher=Michael Lucks \|location=Columbia, MD}}</ref><ref name="Ellin">{{cite news \|last=Ellin \|first=Abby \|date=May 13, 2007 \|title=Girth and Nudity, a Pictorial Mission \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/13/fashion/13nimoy.html?pagewanted=print&_r=0 \|work=[[The New York Times]] \|access-date=November 1, 2013}}</ref> His parents left Iziaslav separately, his father first walking over the border into Poland while his mother and grandmother were smuggled out of the [[Soviet Union]] in a horse-drawn wagon by hiding under bales of hay.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|7}} They reunited after arriving in the United States.<ref name="yiddish">{{cite web\|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9QAYvI5CC5s \| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/9QAYvI5CC5s\| archive-date=December 11, 2021 \| url-status=live\|title=Leonard Nimoy's Mameloshn: A Yiddish Story \|publisher=Yiddish Book Center\|date=February 6, 2014 \|access-date=February 26, 2015 }}{{cbignore}}</ref> His mother, Dora (née Spinner; 1904–1987), was a homemaker, and his father, Max Nimoy (1901–1987), owned a barbershop in the [[Mattapan]] section of Boston.<ref>{{Cite book \|title=Boston City Directory \|publisher=Sampson & Murdock company \|year=1963 \|pages=1308 \|language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Gerber \|first=Barbara \|date=July 1962 \|title=First haircut by Leonard Nimoy's (Dr. Spock's) father, 1962 \|url=https://openarchives.umb.edu/digital/collection/p15774coll6/id/5139 \|access-date=October 1, 2023 \|website=openarchives.umb.edu \|language=en}}</ref> He had an elder brother, Melvin (1926–2022).<ref name="NYT-20150227">{{cite news \|last=Heffernan \|first=Virginia \|author-link=Virginia Heffernan \|title=Leonard Nimoy, Spock of 'Star Trek,' Dies at 82\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/27/arts/television/leonard-nimoy-spock-of-star-trek-dies-at-83.html \|date=February 27, 2015 \|work=[[The New York Times]] \|access-date=February 27, 2015 }}</ref>

	As a child, Nimoy took miscellaneous jobs to supplement his family's income, including selling newspapers and greeting cards, shining shoes, or setting up chairs in theaters, and when he got older, selling vacuum cleaners.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|12}} He began acting at the age of eight in a children's and neighborhood theater.<ref name="yiddish" /> His parents wanted him to attend college and pursue a stable career, or even learn to play the [[accordion]], so he could always make a living, but his grandfather encouraged him to do what he then wanted to do most, which was acting.<ref name="rawnerve">{{cite episode \|title=Leonard Nimoy \|series=[[Shatner's Raw Nerve]] \|date=January 6, 2009 \|url=http://www.biography.com/tv/shatners-raw-nerve/episodes/07-leonard-nimoy \|network=[[FYI (American TV channel)\|The Biography Channel]] \|season=1 \|number=7 \|last=Shatner \|first=William (host) \|author-link=William Shatner}}</ref> Nimoy realized he had an aptitude for singing, which he developed in his synagogue's choir.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|17}} His singing during his [[bar mitzvah]] at age 13 was so good he was asked to repeat his performance the following week at another synagogue. [[William Shatner]] said, "He is still the only man I know whose voice was two bar mitzvahs good!"<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|18}}		As a child, Nimoy took miscellaneous jobs to supplement his family's income, including selling newspapers and greeting cards, shining shoes, or setting up chairs in theaters, and when he got older, selling vacuum cleaners.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|12}} He began acting at the age of eight in a children's and neighborhood theater.<ref name="yiddish" /> His parents wanted him to attend college and pursue a stable career, or even learn to play the [[accordion]], so he could always make a living, but his grandfather encouraged him to do what he then wanted to do most, which was acting.<ref name="rawnerve">{{cite episode \|title=Leonard Nimoy \|series=[[Shatner's Raw Nerve]] \|date=January 6, 2009 \|url=http://www.biography.com/tv/shatners-raw-nerve/episodes/07-leonard-nimoy \|network=[[FYI (American TV channel)\|The Biography Channel]] \|season=1 \|number=7 \|last=Shatner \|first=William (host) \|author-link=William Shatner}}</ref> Nimoy realized he had an aptitude for singing, which he developed in his synagogue's choir.<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|17}} His singing during his [[bar mitzvah]] at age 13 was so good he was asked to repeat his performance the following week at another synagogue. [[William Shatner]] said, "He is still the only man I know whose voice was two bar mitzvahs good!"<ref name=Shatner />{{rp\|18}}