Mariano Rivera - Revision history

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			{{Portal bar\|Biography\|Baseball\|Panama}}

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	Rivera and his wife Clara have known each other since [[elementary school]],<ref name=king/> and they were married on November 9, 1991.<ref>Levin (2008), p. 22</ref> They have three sons: Mariano III, Jafet, and Jaziel. The family lived in Panama until 2000, when they relocated to [[Westchester County, New York]].<ref>{{cite news\|last=Curry\|first=Jack\|date=March 10, 2005\|title=Fear Drove Rivera to Relocate His Family Here\|edition=National\|page=D1\|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/10/sports/baseball/fear-drives-rivera-to-bring-family-here.html\|access-date=April 6, 2018\|archive-date=November 12, 2017\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112074225/http://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/10/sports/baseball/fear-drives-rivera-to-bring-family-here.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2006, the Riveras purchased a {{convert\|13000\|sqft\|adj=on}} home in [[Rye, New York]], for $5.7 million. They listed it for sale for $3.995 million in 2020 and planned to move to a newly built house in [[White Plains, New York\|White Plains]].<ref name="wsj-homes">{{cite news\|last=Clarke\|first=Katherine\|date=November 6, 2020\|title=Private Properties: Former Yankee Mariano Rivera Lists His N.Y. Home\|edition=Eastern\|page=M2\|newspaper=[[The Wall Street Journal]]\|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/mariano-rivera-selling-westchester-ny-home-11604348979\|url-access=limited\|access-date=February 17, 2021\|archive-date=January 6, 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210106115542/https://www.wsj.com/articles/mariano-rivera-selling-westchester-ny-home-11604348979\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|url=https://www.lohud.com/story/money/real-estate/homes/2020/12/28/ruined-castle-100-m-estate-best-hudson-valley-properties-2020/3822425001/\|title=The best houses of 2020\|newspaper=[[The Journal News]]\|first=Karen\|last=Croke\|date=December 26, 2020\|pages=1C–2C\|access-date=February 17, 2021\|archive-date=January 22, 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122193323/https://www.lohud.com/story/money/real-estate/homes/2020/12/28/ruined-castle-100-m-estate-best-hudson-valley-properties-2020/3822425001/\|url-status=live}}</ref> The couple also sold a lakefront home in [[Tampa, Florida]], for $3.2 million in December 2019.<ref name="wsj-homes"/>		Rivera and his wife Clara have known each other since [[elementary school]],<ref name=king/> and they were married on November 9, 1991.<ref>Levin (2008), p. 22</ref> They have three sons: Mariano III, Jafet, and Jaziel. The family lived in Panama until 2000, when they relocated to [[Westchester County, New York]].<ref>{{cite news\|last=Curry\|first=Jack\|date=March 10, 2005\|title=Fear Drove Rivera to Relocate His Family Here\|edition=National\|page=D1\|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/10/sports/baseball/fear-drives-rivera-to-bring-family-here.html\|access-date=April 6, 2018\|archive-date=November 12, 2017\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112074225/http://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/10/sports/baseball/fear-drives-rivera-to-bring-family-here.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2006, the Riveras purchased a {{convert\|13000\|sqft\|adj=on}} home in [[Rye, New York]], for $5.7 million. They listed it for sale for $3.995 million in 2020 and planned to move to a newly built house in [[White Plains, New York\|White Plains]].<ref name="wsj-homes">{{cite news\|last=Clarke\|first=Katherine\|date=November 6, 2020\|title=Private Properties: Former Yankee Mariano Rivera Lists His N.Y. Home\|edition=Eastern\|page=M2\|newspaper=[[The Wall Street Journal]]\|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/mariano-rivera-selling-westchester-ny-home-11604348979\|url-access=limited\|access-date=February 17, 2021\|archive-date=January 6, 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210106115542/https://www.wsj.com/articles/mariano-rivera-selling-westchester-ny-home-11604348979\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|url=https://www.lohud.com/story/money/real-estate/homes/2020/12/28/ruined-castle-100-m-estate-best-hudson-valley-properties-2020/3822425001/\|title=The best houses of 2020\|newspaper=[[The Journal News]]\|first=Karen\|last=Croke\|date=December 26, 2020\|pages=1C–2C\|access-date=February 17, 2021\|archive-date=January 22, 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122193323/https://www.lohud.com/story/money/real-estate/homes/2020/12/28/ruined-castle-100-m-estate-best-hudson-valley-properties-2020/3822425001/\|url-status=live}}</ref> The couple also sold a lakefront home in [[Tampa, Florida]], for $3.2 million in December 2019.<ref name="wsj-homes"/>

	Mariano III pitched for [[Iona College (New York)\|Iona College]] in [[New Rochelle, New York\|New Rochelle]], not far from his home. He was drafted by the Yankees with the 872nd pick in the [[2014 Major League Baseball draft\|2014 MLB draft]],<ref>{{cite web\|last=Tucker\|first=Douglas\|date=June 8, 2014\|title=Yanks draft Mariano Rivera's son\|url=https://www.espn.com/new-york/mlb/story/_/id/11048673/new-york-yankees-draft-son-mariano-rivera-29th-round\|access-date=November 3, 2019\|website=[[ESPN.com]]\|archive-date=October 5, 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005194746/http://www.espn.com/new-york/mlb/story/_/id/11048673/new-york-yankees-draft-son-mariano-rivera-29th-round\|url-status=live}}</ref> but decided to return to Iona for his junior year.<ref name="jr15draft">{{~~cite~~ web\|date=June 9, 2015\|title=Nats take Mariano Rivera Jr. in 4th round; other notable names off board\|url=https://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/13045489/mlb-draft-washington-nationals-take-mariano-rivera-jr-son-former-new-york-yankees-closer~~\|access-date=November~~ ~~3, 2019~~\|~~website=[[ESPN.com]]\|agency=News services\|archive~~-~~date~~=~~October~~ ~~5, 2018~~\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005194826/http://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/13045489/mlb-draft-washington-nationals-take-mariano-rivera-jr-son-former-new-york-yankees-closer\|~~url~~-~~status~~=~~live~~}}</ref> In the [[2015 Major League Baseball draft\|following year's draft]], Mariano III was selected by the [[Washington Nationals]] in the fourth round with the 134th overall pick.<ref name="jr15draft"/>		Mariano III pitched for [[Iona College (New York)\|Iona College]] in [[New Rochelle, New York\|New Rochelle]], not far from his home. He was drafted by the Yankees with the 872nd pick in the [[2014 Major League Baseball draft\|2014 MLB draft]],<ref>{{cite web\|last=Tucker\|first=Douglas\|date=June 8, 2014\|title=Yanks draft Mariano Rivera's son\|url=https://www.espn.com/new-york/mlb/story/_/id/11048673/new-york-yankees-draft-son-mariano-rivera-29th-round\|access-date=November 3, 2019\|website=[[ESPN.com]]\|archive-date=October 5, 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005194746/http://www.espn.com/new-york/mlb/story/_/id/11048673/new-york-yankees-draft-son-mariano-rivera-29th-round\|url-status=live}}</ref> but decided to return to Iona for his junior year.<ref name="jr15draft">{{Cite web \|date=June 9, 2015 \|title=Nats take Mariano Rivera Jr. in 4th round; other notable names off board \|url=https://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/13045489/mlb-draft-washington-nationals-take-mariano-rivera-jr-son-former-new-york-yankees-closer \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005194826/http://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/13045489/mlb-draft-washington-nationals-take-mariano-rivera-jr-son-former-new-york-yankees-closer \|archive-date=October 5, 2018 \|access-date=November 3, 2019 \|website=[[ESPN.com]] \|agency=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> In the [[2015 Major League Baseball draft\|following year's draft]], Mariano III was selected by the [[Washington Nationals]] in the fourth round with the 134th overall pick.<ref name="jr15draft" />

	Over the course of his professional career, Rivera learned English, beginning in 1991 with the Greensboro Hornets, when he realized none of his teammates spoke his native Spanish.<ref>Levin (2008), p. 20</ref> He is now a proponent of Latino players learning English and of American press members learning Spanish to bridge the cultural gap.<ref>{{cite web\|last=Bryant\|first=Howard\|date=June 12, 2009\|title=At 39, the great Rivera fighting mortality\|url=https://www.espn.com/mlb/columns/story?columnist=bryant_howard&id=4251481\|access-date=November 3, 2019\|website=[[ESPN.com]]\|archive-date=March 8, 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308124629/https://www.espn.com/mlb/columns/story?columnist=bryant_howard&id=4251481\|url-status=live}}</ref> He encouraged immigrants to the United States to make learning English their top priority.<ref name="pmof-nyt">{{cite news\|last1=Crowley\|first1=Michael\|last2=Kepner\|first2=Tyler\|date=September 17, 2019\|title=After Baseball Hall of Fame Comes a Medal of Freedom\|edition=New York\|page=B13\|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/16/us/politics/trump-mariano-rivera.html\|access-date=September 21, 2019\|archive-date=September 20, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920071227/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/16/us/politics/trump-mariano-rivera.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> Rivera became a [[Naturalization\|naturalized]] citizen of the United States in October 2015 and was recognized as an [[Outstanding American by Choice]] during the ceremony.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.dhs.gov/blog/2015/10/26/150-become-citizens-during-two-ceremonies-new-york\|title=150 Become Citizens During Two Ceremonies in New York\|website=[[United States Department of Homeland Security\|DHS.gov]]\|date=October 26, 2015\|access-date=January 25, 2017\|archive-date=February 2, 2017\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202024503/https://www.dhs.gov/blog/2015/10/26/150-become-citizens-during-two-ceremonies-new-york\|url-status=live}}</ref>		Over the course of his professional career, Rivera learned English, beginning in 1991 with the Greensboro Hornets, when he realized none of his teammates spoke his native Spanish.<ref>Levin (2008), p. 20</ref> He is now a proponent of Latino players learning English and of American press members learning Spanish to bridge the cultural gap.<ref>{{cite web\|last=Bryant\|first=Howard\|date=June 12, 2009\|title=At 39, the great Rivera fighting mortality\|url=https://www.espn.com/mlb/columns/story?columnist=bryant_howard&id=4251481\|access-date=November 3, 2019\|website=[[ESPN.com]]\|archive-date=March 8, 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308124629/https://www.espn.com/mlb/columns/story?columnist=bryant_howard&id=4251481\|url-status=live}}</ref> He encouraged immigrants to the United States to make learning English their top priority.<ref name="pmof-nyt">{{cite news\|last1=Crowley\|first1=Michael\|last2=Kepner\|first2=Tyler\|date=September 17, 2019\|title=After Baseball Hall of Fame Comes a Medal of Freedom\|edition=New York\|page=B13\|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/16/us/politics/trump-mariano-rivera.html\|access-date=September 21, 2019\|archive-date=September 20, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920071227/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/16/us/politics/trump-mariano-rivera.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> Rivera became a [[Naturalization\|naturalized]] citizen of the United States in October 2015 and was recognized as an [[Outstanding American by Choice]] during the ceremony.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.dhs.gov/blog/2015/10/26/150-become-citizens-during-two-ceremonies-new-york\|title=150 Become Citizens During Two Ceremonies in New York\|website=[[United States Department of Homeland Security\|DHS.gov]]\|date=October 26, 2015\|access-date=January 25, 2017\|archive-date=February 2, 2017\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202024503/https://www.dhs.gov/blog/2015/10/26/150-become-citizens-during-two-ceremonies-new-york\|url-status=live}}</ref>

Y2kcrazyjoker4 at 04:45, 8 September 2024

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	[[File:Mariano Rivera shakes Jorge Posadas hand.jpg\|thumb\|left\|upright=0.85\|alt=Jorge Posada wearing catcher's equipment shakes hands with Mariano Rivera on a grass field.\|Rivera ''(right)'' shakes hands with [[Jorge Posada]] after finishing a game in 2009.]]		[[File:Mariano Rivera shakes Jorge Posadas hand.jpg\|thumb\|left\|upright=0.85\|alt=Jorge Posada wearing catcher's equipment shakes hands with Mariano Rivera on a grass field.\|Rivera ''(right)'' shakes hands with [[Jorge Posada]] after finishing a game in 2009.]]
	Rivera achieved a reputation as an all-time great reliever among baseball experts and his peers.<ref name=conf/><ref>{{cite web\|last=DiComo\|first=Anthony\|date=June 29, 2009\|title=Friends, foes respect Rivera's dominance\|url=http://m.mlb.com/news/article/5587344/\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141112175928/http://m.mlb.com/news/article/5587344/\|archive-date=November 12, 2014\|access-date=November 12, 2014\|website=[[MLB.com]]}}</ref> Hall of Fame starter-turned-closer Dennis Eckersley called him "the best ever, no doubt",<ref name="eck">{{cite web\|date=July 17, 2006\|title=A decade later, Rivera still dominates; 'Best ever,' Eckersley says\|url=https://www.espn.com/espn/wire?section=mlb&id=2522170\|access-date=May 14, 2017\|website=[[ESPN.com]]\|agency=[[Associated Press]]\|archive-date=November 12, 2017\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112031255/http://www.espn.com/espn/wire?section=mlb&id=2522170\|url-status=live}}</ref> while Trevor Hoffman said he "will go down as the best reliever in the game in history".<ref name=conf/> Torre said, "He's the best I've ever been around. Not only the ability to pitch and perform under pressure, but the calm he puts over the clubhouse."<ref name="04ext"/> Writer [[Tom Verducci]] said, "Rivera is definitively the best at his position by a wider margin than any player at any position in the history of baseball. There is Rivera, a gulf, and then every other closer."<ref name="si-acl"/> He compared Rivera's reputation for being the best at his sport's position to those of [[Michael Jordan]] in [[basketball]] and [[Wayne Gretzky]] in [[ice hockey]].<ref>{{cite magazine\|last=Verducci\|first=Tom\|date=September 13, 2011\|title=As he nears record, Rivera's career a study of poetry in motion\|url=https://www.si.com/more-sports/2011/09/13/mariano-rivera\|access-date=August 21, 2014\|magazine=[[Sports Illustrated]]\|archive-date=August 22, 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140822014318/http://www.si.com/more-sports/2011/09/13/mariano-rivera\|url-status=live}}</ref> MLB Commissioner [[Bud Selig]] said, "Clearly unequivocally, he's the greatest relief pitcher of all time, and did it in a way that was remarkable."<ref>{{cite news\|last=Gardner\|first=Steve\|date=October 25, 2013\|title=Kelly will square off vs. Buchholz in Game 3\|page=5C\|newspaper=[[USA Today]]\|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/mlb/2013/10/24/mariano-rivera-bud-selig-historic-achievement-award-fenway-park-world-series/3183267/\|access-date=November 13, 2013\|archive-date=October 31, 2013\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131031202946/http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/mlb/2013/10/24/mariano-rivera-bud-selig-historic-achievement-award-fenway-park-world-series/3183267/\|url-status=live}}</ref> Speaking about Rivera's looming presence at the end of games, Alex Rodriguez said: "He's the only guy in baseball who can change the game from a seat in the clubhouse or the bullpen. He would start affecting teams as early as the fifth inning, because they knew he was out there. I've never seen anyone who could affect a game like that."<ref>{{cite web\|last=Matthews\|first=Wallace\|date=September 19, 2011\|title=Save No. 602 cements Mo as No. 1\|url=https://www.espn.com/new-york/story/_/id/6989214/new-york-yankees-closer-mariano-rivera-more-baseball-career-saves-leader\|access-date=November 3, 2019\|website=[[ESPN.com]]\|archive-date=December 15, 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215233948/http://www.espn.com/new-york/story/_/id/6989214/new-york-yankees-closer-mariano-rivera-more-baseball-career-saves-leader\|url-status=live}}</ref> Gossage said that Rivera "might be the greatest closer of all-time" but suggested that the modern closer's job has become too specialized and easy compared to multiple-inning "firemen" from Gossage's era;<ref>{{cite news\|last=Feinsand\|first=Mark\|date=June 30, 2009\|title=Gossage slams door on debate\|page=44\|newspaper=[[New York Daily News]]\|url=https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/baseball/yankees/goose-gossage-closes-debate-mariano-rivera-all-time-best-article-1.379082\|access-date=November 3, 2019\|archive-date=April 2, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402195956/https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/baseball/yankees/goose-gossage-closes-debate-mariano-rivera-all-time-best-article-1.379082\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>Zimniuch (2010), p. 97</ref> Rivera had only one regular season save of seven-plus outs in his career, whereas Gossage logged 53.<ref>Rosen (2011), p. 213</ref> Rivera has been ranked among the greatest baseball players of all time, with ~~the~~ ''[[The Athletic]]'' ranking him 91st in 2019,<ref>{{cite web\|last=Posnanski\|first=Joe\|date=December 27, 2019\|title=The Baseball 100: No. 91, Mariano Rivera\|url=https://theathletic.com/1446180/2019/12/27/the-baseball-100-no-91-mariano-rivera/\|access-date=December 29, 2019\|website=[[The Athletic]]\|archive-date=December 30, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230032127/https://theathletic.com/1446180/2019/12/27/the-baseball-100-no-91-mariano-rivera/\|url-status=live}}</ref> and ESPN.com ranking him 31st in 2022.<ref>{{cite web\|date=February 2, 2022\|title=Top 100 MLB players of all time: Nos. 50–26\|url=https://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/33145627/top-100-mlb-players-all-nos-50-26\|access-date=February 3, 2022\|website=[[ESPN.com]]\|archive-date=February 2, 2022\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202203744/https://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/33145627/top-100-mlb-players-all-nos-50-26\|url-status=live}}</ref> Two years later, ESPN.com ranked him 59th on its list of the top 100 professional athletes of the 21st century.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.espn.com/espn/story/_/id/40446224/top-100-athletes-21st-century\|title=Ranking the top 100 professional athletes since 2000\|website=[[ESPN.com]]\|date=July 16, 2024\|access-date=July 16, 2024}}</ref>		Rivera achieved a reputation as an all-time great reliever among baseball experts and his peers.<ref name=conf/><ref>{{cite web\|last=DiComo\|first=Anthony\|date=June 29, 2009\|title=Friends, foes respect Rivera's dominance\|url=http://m.mlb.com/news/article/5587344/\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141112175928/http://m.mlb.com/news/article/5587344/\|archive-date=November 12, 2014\|access-date=November 12, 2014\|website=[[MLB.com]]}}</ref> Hall of Fame starter-turned-closer Dennis Eckersley called him "the best ever, no doubt",<ref name="eck">{{cite web\|date=July 17, 2006\|title=A decade later, Rivera still dominates; 'Best ever,' Eckersley says\|url=https://www.espn.com/espn/wire?section=mlb&id=2522170\|access-date=May 14, 2017\|website=[[ESPN.com]]\|agency=[[Associated Press]]\|archive-date=November 12, 2017\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112031255/http://www.espn.com/espn/wire?section=mlb&id=2522170\|url-status=live}}</ref> while Trevor Hoffman said he "will go down as the best reliever in the game in history".<ref name=conf/> Torre said, "He's the best I've ever been around. Not only the ability to pitch and perform under pressure, but the calm he puts over the clubhouse."<ref name="04ext"/> Writer [[Tom Verducci]] said, "Rivera is definitively the best at his position by a wider margin than any player at any position in the history of baseball. There is Rivera, a gulf, and then every other closer."<ref name="si-acl"/> He compared Rivera's reputation for being the best at his sport's position to those of [[Michael Jordan]] in [[basketball]] and [[Wayne Gretzky]] in [[ice hockey]].<ref>{{cite magazine\|last=Verducci\|first=Tom\|date=September 13, 2011\|title=As he nears record, Rivera's career a study of poetry in motion\|url=https://www.si.com/more-sports/2011/09/13/mariano-rivera\|access-date=August 21, 2014\|magazine=[[Sports Illustrated]]\|archive-date=August 22, 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140822014318/http://www.si.com/more-sports/2011/09/13/mariano-rivera\|url-status=live}}</ref> MLB Commissioner [[Bud Selig]] said, "Clearly unequivocally, he's the greatest relief pitcher of all time, and did it in a way that was remarkable."<ref>{{cite news\|last=Gardner\|first=Steve\|date=October 25, 2013\|title=Kelly will square off vs. Buchholz in Game 3\|page=5C\|newspaper=[[USA Today]]\|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/mlb/2013/10/24/mariano-rivera-bud-selig-historic-achievement-award-fenway-park-world-series/3183267/\|access-date=November 13, 2013\|archive-date=October 31, 2013\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131031202946/http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/mlb/2013/10/24/mariano-rivera-bud-selig-historic-achievement-award-fenway-park-world-series/3183267/\|url-status=live}}</ref> Speaking about Rivera's looming presence at the end of games, Alex Rodriguez said: "He's the only guy in baseball who can change the game from a seat in the clubhouse or the bullpen. He would start affecting teams as early as the fifth inning, because they knew he was out there. I've never seen anyone who could affect a game like that."<ref>{{cite web\|last=Matthews\|first=Wallace\|date=September 19, 2011\|title=Save No. 602 cements Mo as No. 1\|url=https://www.espn.com/new-york/story/_/id/6989214/new-york-yankees-closer-mariano-rivera-more-baseball-career-saves-leader\|access-date=November 3, 2019\|website=[[ESPN.com]]\|archive-date=December 15, 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215233948/http://www.espn.com/new-york/story/_/id/6989214/new-york-yankees-closer-mariano-rivera-more-baseball-career-saves-leader\|url-status=live}}</ref> Gossage said that Rivera "might be the greatest closer of all-time" but suggested that the modern closer's job has become too specialized and easy compared to multiple-inning "firemen" from Gossage's era;<ref>{{cite news\|last=Feinsand\|first=Mark\|date=June 30, 2009\|title=Gossage slams door on debate\|page=44\|newspaper=[[New York Daily News]]\|url=https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/baseball/yankees/goose-gossage-closes-debate-mariano-rivera-all-time-best-article-1.379082\|access-date=November 3, 2019\|archive-date=April 2, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402195956/https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/baseball/yankees/goose-gossage-closes-debate-mariano-rivera-all-time-best-article-1.379082\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>Zimniuch (2010), p. 97</ref> Rivera had only one regular season save of seven-plus outs in his career, whereas Gossage logged 53.<ref>Rosen (2011), p. 213</ref> Rivera has been ranked among the greatest baseball players of all time, with ''[[The Athletic]]'' ranking him 91st in 2019,<ref>{{cite web\|last=Posnanski\|first=Joe\|date=December 27, 2019\|title=The Baseball 100: No. 91, Mariano Rivera\|url=https://theathletic.com/1446180/2019/12/27/the-baseball-100-no-91-mariano-rivera/\|access-date=December 29, 2019\|website=[[The Athletic]]\|archive-date=December 30, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230032127/https://theathletic.com/1446180/2019/12/27/the-baseball-100-no-91-mariano-rivera/\|url-status=live}}</ref> and ESPN.com ranking him 31st in 2022.<ref>{{cite web\|date=February 2, 2022\|title=Top 100 MLB players of all time: Nos. 50–26\|url=https://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/33145627/top-100-mlb-players-all-nos-50-26\|access-date=February 3, 2022\|website=[[ESPN.com]]\|archive-date=February 2, 2022\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202203744/https://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/33145627/top-100-mlb-players-all-nos-50-26\|url-status=live}}</ref> Two years later, ESPN.com ranked him 59th on its list of the top 100 professional athletes of the 21st century.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.espn.com/espn/story/_/id/40446224/top-100-athletes-21st-century\|title=Ranking the top 100 professional athletes since 2000\|website=[[ESPN.com]]\|date=July 16, 2024\|access-date=July 16, 2024}}</ref>

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	'''Mariano Rivera''' (born November 29, 1969) is a [[Panamanian Americans\|Panamanian-American]] former professional [[baseball]] [[pitcher]] who played 19 seasons in [[Major League Baseball]] (MLB) for the [[New York Yankees]], from 1995 to 2013. Nicknamed "'''Mo'''"<ref name=mo/> and "'''Sandman'''",<ref name=sandman /> he spent most of his career as a [[relief pitcher]] and served as the Yankees' [[closer (baseball)\|closer]] for 17 seasons. ~~Rivera is widely regarded as the greatest reliever in baseball history.~~ A thirteen-time [[Major League Baseball All-Star Game\|All-Star]] and five-time [[World Series]] champion, he is MLB's career leader in [[Save (baseball)\|saves]] (652) and [[List of Major League Baseball career games finished leaders\|games finished]] (952). Rivera won five [[American League]] (AL) [[Rolaids Relief Man Award]]s and three [[Delivery Man of the Year Award]]s, and he finished in the top three in voting for the AL [[Cy Young Award]] four times. He was inducted into the [[National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum\|Baseball Hall of Fame]] as part of its [[2019 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting\|class of 2019]] in his first year of eligibility, and is to date the only player ever to be elected unanimously by the [[Baseball Writers' Association of America]] (BBWAA).<ref name="ESPN results"/>		'''Mariano Rivera''' (born November 29, 1969) is a [[Panamanian Americans\|Panamanian-American]] former professional [[baseball]] [[pitcher]] who played 19 seasons in [[Major League Baseball]] (MLB) for the [[New York Yankees]], from 1995 to 2013. Nicknamed "'''Mo'''"<ref name=mo/> and "'''Sandman'''",<ref name=sandman /> he spent most of his career as a [[relief pitcher]] and served as the Yankees' [[closer (baseball)\|closer]] for 17 seasons. A thirteen-time [[Major League Baseball All-Star Game\|All-Star]] and five-time [[World Series]] champion, he is MLB's career leader in [[Save (baseball)\|saves]] (652) and [[List of Major League Baseball career games finished leaders\|games finished]] (952). Rivera won five [[American League]] (AL) [[Rolaids Relief Man Award]]s and three [[Delivery Man of the Year Award]]s, and he finished in the top three in voting for the AL [[Cy Young Award]] four times. He was inducted into the [[National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum\|Baseball Hall of Fame]] as part of its [[2019 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting\|class of 2019]] in his first year of eligibility, and is to date the only player ever to be elected unanimously by the [[Baseball Writers' Association of America]] (BBWAA).<ref name="ESPN results"/>

	Raised in the modest Panamanian fishing village of [[Puerto Caimito]], Rivera was an amateur player until he was signed by the Yankees organization in 1990. He debuted in the major leagues in 1995 as a [[starting pitcher]], before permanently converting to a relief pitcher late that year. After a breakthrough season in 1996 as a [[setup man]], he became the Yankees' closer in 1997. In the following seasons, he established himself as one of baseball's top relievers, [[List of Major League Baseball annual saves leaders\|leading the major leagues in saves]] in 1999, 2001, and 2004. Rivera primarily threw a sharp-moving, mid-90s mile-per-hour [[cut fastball]] that frequently broke hitters' bats and earned a reputation as one of the league's toughest [[pitch (baseball)\|pitches]] to hit. With his presence at the end of games, signaled by his foreboding entrance song "[[Enter Sandman]]", Rivera was a key contributor to the Yankees' [[Dynasty (sports)\|dynasty]] in the late 1990s and early 2000s that won four championships in five years. He was an accomplished [[Major League Baseball postseason\|postseason]] performer, winning the 1999 [[World Series Most Valuable Player Award\|World Series Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award]] and the [[2003 American League Championship Series\|2003]] [[League Championship Series Most Valuable Player Award\|AL Championship Series MVP Award]], while setting postseason records that included lowest [[earned run average]] (ERA) (0.70) and most saves (42~~). More men have walked on the moon (12) than have scored against him in the postseason (11~~).		Raised in the modest Panamanian fishing village of [[Puerto Caimito]], Rivera was an amateur player until he was signed by the Yankees organization in 1990. He debuted in the major leagues in 1995 as a [[starting pitcher]], before permanently converting to a relief pitcher late that year. After a breakthrough season in 1996 as a [[setup man]], he became the Yankees' closer in 1997. In the following seasons, he established himself as one of baseball's top relievers, [[List of Major League Baseball annual saves leaders\|leading the major leagues in saves]] in 1999, 2001, and 2004. Rivera primarily threw a sharp-moving, mid-90s mile-per-hour [[cut fastball]] that frequently broke hitters' bats and earned a reputation as one of the league's toughest [[pitch (baseball)\|pitches]] to hit. With his presence at the end of games, signaled by his foreboding entrance song "[[Enter Sandman]]", Rivera was a key contributor to the Yankees' [[Dynasty (sports)\|dynasty]] in the late 1990s and early 2000s that won four championships in five years. He was an accomplished [[Major League Baseball postseason\|postseason]] performer, winning the 1999 [[World Series Most Valuable Player Award\|World Series Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award]] and the [[2003 American League Championship Series\|2003]] [[League Championship Series Most Valuable Player Award\|AL Championship Series MVP Award]], while setting postseason records that included lowest [[earned run average]] (ERA) (0.70) and most saves (42).

	Pitching with a longevity and consistency uncommon to the closer role, ~~Rivera~~ saved at least 25 games in 15 consecutive seasons and posted an ERA under 2.00 in 11 seasons, both of which are records. When he retired, his career 2.21 ERA and 1.00 [[Walks plus hits per inning pitched\|WHIP]] were the lowest in the [[live-ball era]] among qualified pitchers. Fellow players credit him with popularizing the cut fastball across the major leagues. Along with his signature pitch, Rivera was known for his precise [[Control pitcher\|control]], smooth pitching motion, and composure on the field. In 2013, the Yankees [[List of Major League Baseball retired numbers\|retired]] his uniform number 42; he was the last major league player to wear the number full time, following its league-wide retirement in 1997 in honor of [[Jackie Robinson]]. In 2014, MLB named its AL [[Major League Baseball Reliever of the Year Award\|Reliever of the Year Award]] in Rivera's honor. A devout [[Christianity\|Christian]], he has been involved in charitable causes and the religious community through the Mariano Rivera Foundation. For his [[philanthropy]], Rivera received the [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]], the highest civilian award in the United States, in September 2019.		Rivera is regarded as one of the most dominant relievers in major league history. Pitching with a longevity and consistency uncommon to the closer role, he saved at least 25 games in 15 consecutive seasons and posted an ERA under 2.00 in 11 seasons, both of which are records. When he retired, his career 2.21 ERA and 1.00 [[Walks plus hits per inning pitched\|WHIP]] were the lowest in the [[live-ball era]] among qualified pitchers. Fellow players credit him with popularizing the cut fastball across the major leagues. Along with his signature pitch, Rivera was known for his precise [[Control pitcher\|control]], smooth pitching motion, and composure on the field. In 2013, the Yankees [[List of Major League Baseball retired numbers\|retired]] his uniform number 42; he was the last major league player to wear the number full time, following its league-wide retirement in 1997 in honor of [[Jackie Robinson]]. In 2014, MLB named its AL [[Major League Baseball Reliever of the Year Award\|Reliever of the Year Award]] in Rivera's honor. A devout [[Christianity\|Christian]], he has been involved in charitable causes and the religious community through the Mariano Rivera Foundation. For his [[philanthropy]], Rivera received the [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]], the highest civilian award in the United States, in September 2019.

	==Early life==		==Early life==

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	'''Mariano Rivera''' (born November 29, 1969) is a [[Panamanian Americans\|Panamanian-American]] former professional [[baseball]] [[pitcher]] who played 19 seasons in [[Major League Baseball]] (MLB) for the [[New York Yankees]], from 1995 to 2013. Nicknamed "'''Mo'''"<ref name=mo/> and "'''Sandman'''",<ref name=sandman /> he spent most of his career as a [[relief pitcher]] and served as the Yankees' [[closer (baseball)\|closer]] for 17 seasons. Rivera is widely regarded as greatest reliever in baseball history. A thirteen-time [[Major League Baseball All-Star Game\|All-Star]] and five-time [[World Series]] champion, he is MLB's career leader in [[Save (baseball)\|saves]] (652) and [[List of Major League Baseball career games finished leaders\|games finished]] (952). Rivera won five [[American League]] (AL) [[Rolaids Relief Man Award]]s and three [[Delivery Man of the Year Award]]s, and he finished in the top three in voting for the AL [[Cy Young Award]] four times. He was inducted into the [[National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum\|Baseball Hall of Fame]] as part of its [[2019 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting\|class of 2019]] in his first year of eligibility, and is to date the only player ever to be elected unanimously by the [[Baseball Writers' Association of America]] (BBWAA).<ref name="ESPN results"/>		'''Mariano Rivera''' (born November 29, 1969) is a [[Panamanian Americans\|Panamanian-American]] former professional [[baseball]] [[pitcher]] who played 19 seasons in [[Major League Baseball]] (MLB) for the [[New York Yankees]], from 1995 to 2013. Nicknamed "'''Mo'''"<ref name=mo/> and "'''Sandman'''",<ref name=sandman /> he spent most of his career as a [[relief pitcher]] and served as the Yankees' [[closer (baseball)\|closer]] for 17 seasons. Rivera is widely regarded as the greatest reliever in baseball history. A thirteen-time [[Major League Baseball All-Star Game\|All-Star]] and five-time [[World Series]] champion, he is MLB's career leader in [[Save (baseball)\|saves]] (652) and [[List of Major League Baseball career games finished leaders\|games finished]] (952). Rivera won five [[American League]] (AL) [[Rolaids Relief Man Award]]s and three [[Delivery Man of the Year Award]]s, and he finished in the top three in voting for the AL [[Cy Young Award]] four times. He was inducted into the [[National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum\|Baseball Hall of Fame]] as part of its [[2019 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting\|class of 2019]] in his first year of eligibility, and is to date the only player ever to be elected unanimously by the [[Baseball Writers' Association of America]] (BBWAA).<ref name="ESPN results"/>

	Raised in the modest Panamanian fishing village of [[Puerto Caimito]], Rivera was an amateur player until he was signed by the Yankees organization in 1990. He debuted in the major leagues in 1995 as a [[starting pitcher]], before permanently converting to a relief pitcher late that year. After a breakthrough season in 1996 as a [[setup man]], he became the Yankees' closer in 1997. In the following seasons, he established himself as one of baseball's top relievers, [[List of Major League Baseball annual saves leaders\|leading the major leagues in saves]] in 1999, 2001, and 2004. Rivera primarily threw a sharp-moving, mid-90s mile-per-hour [[cut fastball]] that frequently broke hitters' bats and earned a reputation as one of the league's toughest [[pitch (baseball)\|pitches]] to hit. With his presence at the end of games, signaled by his foreboding entrance song "[[Enter Sandman]]", Rivera was a key contributor to the Yankees' [[Dynasty (sports)\|dynasty]] in the late 1990s and early 2000s that won four championships in five years. He was an accomplished [[Major League Baseball postseason\|postseason]] performer, winning the 1999 [[World Series Most Valuable Player Award\|World Series Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award]] and the [[2003 American League Championship Series\|2003]] [[League Championship Series Most Valuable Player Award\|AL Championship Series MVP Award]], while setting postseason records that included lowest [[earned run average]] (ERA) (0.70) and most saves (42). More men have walked on the moon (12) than have scored against him in the postseason (11).		Raised in the modest Panamanian fishing village of [[Puerto Caimito]], Rivera was an amateur player until he was signed by the Yankees organization in 1990. He debuted in the major leagues in 1995 as a [[starting pitcher]], before permanently converting to a relief pitcher late that year. After a breakthrough season in 1996 as a [[setup man]], he became the Yankees' closer in 1997. In the following seasons, he established himself as one of baseball's top relievers, [[List of Major League Baseball annual saves leaders\|leading the major leagues in saves]] in 1999, 2001, and 2004. Rivera primarily threw a sharp-moving, mid-90s mile-per-hour [[cut fastball]] that frequently broke hitters' bats and earned a reputation as one of the league's toughest [[pitch (baseball)\|pitches]] to hit. With his presence at the end of games, signaled by his foreboding entrance song "[[Enter Sandman]]", Rivera was a key contributor to the Yankees' [[Dynasty (sports)\|dynasty]] in the late 1990s and early 2000s that won four championships in five years. He was an accomplished [[Major League Baseball postseason\|postseason]] performer, winning the 1999 [[World Series Most Valuable Player Award\|World Series Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award]] and the [[2003 American League Championship Series\|2003]] [[League Championship Series Most Valuable Player Award\|AL Championship Series MVP Award]], while setting postseason records that included lowest [[earned run average]] (ERA) (0.70) and most saves (42). More men have walked on the moon (12) than have scored against him in the postseason (11).

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	*[[List of Major League Baseball career ERA leaders]]		*[[List of Major League Baseball career ERA leaders]]
	*[[List of Major League Baseball career FIP leaders]]		*[[List of Major League Baseball career FIP leaders]]
			*[[List of Major League Baseball career WAR leaders]]
	*[[List of Major League Baseball players who spent their entire career with one franchise]]		*[[List of Major League Baseball players who spent their entire career with one franchise]]

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	==See also==		==See also==
			*[[List of Major League Baseball career saves leaders]]
			*[[List of Major League Baseball career ERA leaders]]
			*[[List of Major League Baseball career FIP leaders]]
	*[[List of Major League Baseball players who spent their entire career with one franchise]]		*[[List of Major League Baseball players who spent their entire career with one franchise]]
	{{Portal bar\|Biography\|Baseball\|Panama}}

	==References==		==References==

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	Rivera and his wife Clara have known each other since [[elementary school]],<ref name=king/> and they were married on November 9, 1991.<ref>Levin (2008), p. 22</ref> They have three sons: Mariano III, Jafet, and Jaziel. The family lived in Panama until 2000, when they relocated to [[Westchester County, New York]].<ref>{{cite news\|last=Curry\|first=Jack\|date=March 10, 2005\|title=Fear Drove Rivera to Relocate His Family Here\|edition=National\|page=D1\|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/10/sports/baseball/fear-drives-rivera-to-bring-family-here.html\|access-date=April 6, 2018\|archive-date=November 12, 2017\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112074225/http://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/10/sports/baseball/fear-drives-rivera-to-bring-family-here.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2006, the Riveras purchased a {{convert\|13000\|sqft\|adj=on}} home in [[Rye, New York]], for $5.7 million. They listed it for sale for $3.995 million in 2020 and planned to move to a newly built house in [[White Plains, New York\|White Plains]].<ref name="wsj-homes">{{cite news\|last=Clarke\|first=Katherine\|date=November 6, 2020\|title=Private Properties: Former Yankee Mariano Rivera Lists His N.Y. Home\|edition=Eastern\|page=M2\|newspaper=[[The Wall Street Journal]]\|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/mariano-rivera-selling-westchester-ny-home-11604348979\|url-access=limited\|access-date=February 17, 2021\|archive-date=January 6, 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210106115542/https://www.wsj.com/articles/mariano-rivera-selling-westchester-ny-home-11604348979\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|url=https://www.lohud.com/story/money/real-estate/homes/2020/12/28/ruined-castle-100-m-estate-best-hudson-valley-properties-2020/3822425001/\|title=The best houses of 2020\|newspaper=[[The Journal News]]\|first=Karen\|last=Croke\|date=December 26, 2020\|pages=1C–2C\|access-date=February 17, 2021\|archive-date=January 22, 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122193323/https://www.lohud.com/story/money/real-estate/homes/2020/12/28/ruined-castle-100-m-estate-best-hudson-valley-properties-2020/3822425001/\|url-status=live}}</ref> The couple also sold a lakefront home in [[Tampa, Florida]], for $3.2 million in December 2019.<ref name="wsj-homes"/>		Rivera and his wife Clara have known each other since [[elementary school]],<ref name=king/> and they were married on November 9, 1991.<ref>Levin (2008), p. 22</ref> They have three sons: Mariano III, Jafet, and Jaziel. The family lived in Panama until 2000, when they relocated to [[Westchester County, New York]].<ref>{{cite news\|last=Curry\|first=Jack\|date=March 10, 2005\|title=Fear Drove Rivera to Relocate His Family Here\|edition=National\|page=D1\|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/10/sports/baseball/fear-drives-rivera-to-bring-family-here.html\|access-date=April 6, 2018\|archive-date=November 12, 2017\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112074225/http://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/10/sports/baseball/fear-drives-rivera-to-bring-family-here.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2006, the Riveras purchased a {{convert\|13000\|sqft\|adj=on}} home in [[Rye, New York]], for $5.7 million. They listed it for sale for $3.995 million in 2020 and planned to move to a newly built house in [[White Plains, New York\|White Plains]].<ref name="wsj-homes">{{cite news\|last=Clarke\|first=Katherine\|date=November 6, 2020\|title=Private Properties: Former Yankee Mariano Rivera Lists His N.Y. Home\|edition=Eastern\|page=M2\|newspaper=[[The Wall Street Journal]]\|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/mariano-rivera-selling-westchester-ny-home-11604348979\|url-access=limited\|access-date=February 17, 2021\|archive-date=January 6, 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210106115542/https://www.wsj.com/articles/mariano-rivera-selling-westchester-ny-home-11604348979\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|url=https://www.lohud.com/story/money/real-estate/homes/2020/12/28/ruined-castle-100-m-estate-best-hudson-valley-properties-2020/3822425001/\|title=The best houses of 2020\|newspaper=[[The Journal News]]\|first=Karen\|last=Croke\|date=December 26, 2020\|pages=1C–2C\|access-date=February 17, 2021\|archive-date=January 22, 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122193323/https://www.lohud.com/story/money/real-estate/homes/2020/12/28/ruined-castle-100-m-estate-best-hudson-valley-properties-2020/3822425001/\|url-status=live}}</ref> The couple also sold a lakefront home in [[Tampa, Florida]], for $3.2 million in December 2019.<ref name="wsj-homes"/>

	Mariano III pitched for [[Iona College (New York)\|Iona College]] in [[New Rochelle, New York\|New Rochelle]], not far from his home. He was drafted by the Yankees with the 872nd pick in the [[2014 Major League Baseball draft\|2014 MLB draft]],<ref>{{cite web\|last=Tucker\|first=Douglas\|date=June 8, 2014\|title=Yanks draft Mariano Rivera's son\|url=https://www.espn.com/new-york/mlb/story/_/id/11048673/new-york-yankees-draft-son-mariano-rivera-29th-round\|access-date=November 3, 2019\|website=[[ESPN.com]]\|archive-date=October 5, 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005194746/http://www.espn.com/new-york/mlb/story/_/id/11048673/new-york-yankees-draft-son-mariano-rivera-29th-round\|url-status=live}}</ref> but decided to return to Iona for his junior year.<ref name="jr15draft">{{~~cite~~ web\|date=June 9, 2015\|title=Nats take Mariano Rivera Jr. in 4th round; other notable names off board\|url=https://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/13045489/mlb-draft-washington-nationals-take-mariano-rivera-jr-son-former-new-york-yankees-closer~~\|access-date=November~~ ~~3, 2019~~\|~~website=[[ESPN.com]]\|agency=News services\|archive~~-~~date~~=~~October~~ ~~5, 2018~~\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005194826/http://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/13045489/mlb-draft-washington-nationals-take-mariano-rivera-jr-son-former-new-york-yankees-closer\|~~url~~-~~status~~=~~live~~}}</ref> In the [[2015 Major League Baseball draft\|following year's draft]], Mariano III was selected by the [[Washington Nationals]] in the fourth round with the 134th overall pick.<ref name="jr15draft"/>		Mariano III pitched for [[Iona College (New York)\|Iona College]] in [[New Rochelle, New York\|New Rochelle]], not far from his home. He was drafted by the Yankees with the 872nd pick in the [[2014 Major League Baseball draft\|2014 MLB draft]],<ref>{{cite web\|last=Tucker\|first=Douglas\|date=June 8, 2014\|title=Yanks draft Mariano Rivera's son\|url=https://www.espn.com/new-york/mlb/story/_/id/11048673/new-york-yankees-draft-son-mariano-rivera-29th-round\|access-date=November 3, 2019\|website=[[ESPN.com]]\|archive-date=October 5, 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005194746/http://www.espn.com/new-york/mlb/story/_/id/11048673/new-york-yankees-draft-son-mariano-rivera-29th-round\|url-status=live}}</ref> but decided to return to Iona for his junior year.<ref name="jr15draft">{{Cite web \|date=June 9, 2015 \|title=Nats take Mariano Rivera Jr. in 4th round; other notable names off board \|url=https://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/13045489/mlb-draft-washington-nationals-take-mariano-rivera-jr-son-former-new-york-yankees-closer \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005194826/http://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/13045489/mlb-draft-washington-nationals-take-mariano-rivera-jr-son-former-new-york-yankees-closer \|archive-date=October 5, 2018 \|access-date=November 3, 2019 \|website=[[ESPN.com]] \|agency=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> In the [[2015 Major League Baseball draft\|following year's draft]], Mariano III was selected by the [[Washington Nationals]] in the fourth round with the 134th overall pick.<ref name="jr15draft" />

	Over the course of his professional career, Rivera learned English, beginning in 1991 with the Greensboro Hornets, when he realized none of his teammates spoke his native Spanish.<ref>Levin (2008), p. 20</ref> He is now a proponent of Latino players learning English and of American press members learning Spanish to bridge the cultural gap.<ref>{{cite web\|last=Bryant\|first=Howard\|date=June 12, 2009\|title=At 39, the great Rivera fighting mortality\|url=https://www.espn.com/mlb/columns/story?columnist=bryant_howard&id=4251481\|access-date=November 3, 2019\|website=[[ESPN.com]]\|archive-date=March 8, 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308124629/https://www.espn.com/mlb/columns/story?columnist=bryant_howard&id=4251481\|url-status=live}}</ref> He encouraged immigrants to the United States to make learning English their top priority.<ref name="pmof-nyt">{{cite news\|last1=Crowley\|first1=Michael\|last2=Kepner\|first2=Tyler\|date=September 17, 2019\|title=After Baseball Hall of Fame Comes a Medal of Freedom\|edition=New York\|page=B13\|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/16/us/politics/trump-mariano-rivera.html\|access-date=September 21, 2019\|archive-date=September 20, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920071227/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/16/us/politics/trump-mariano-rivera.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> Rivera became a [[Naturalization\|naturalized]] citizen of the United States in October 2015 and was recognized as an [[Outstanding American by Choice]] during the ceremony.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.dhs.gov/blog/2015/10/26/150-become-citizens-during-two-ceremonies-new-york\|title=150 Become Citizens During Two Ceremonies in New York\|website=[[United States Department of Homeland Security\|DHS.gov]]\|date=October 26, 2015\|access-date=January 25, 2017\|archive-date=February 2, 2017\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202024503/https://www.dhs.gov/blog/2015/10/26/150-become-citizens-during-two-ceremonies-new-york\|url-status=live}}</ref>		Over the course of his professional career, Rivera learned English, beginning in 1991 with the Greensboro Hornets, when he realized none of his teammates spoke his native Spanish.<ref>Levin (2008), p. 20</ref> He is now a proponent of Latino players learning English and of American press members learning Spanish to bridge the cultural gap.<ref>{{cite web\|last=Bryant\|first=Howard\|date=June 12, 2009\|title=At 39, the great Rivera fighting mortality\|url=https://www.espn.com/mlb/columns/story?columnist=bryant_howard&id=4251481\|access-date=November 3, 2019\|website=[[ESPN.com]]\|archive-date=March 8, 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308124629/https://www.espn.com/mlb/columns/story?columnist=bryant_howard&id=4251481\|url-status=live}}</ref> He encouraged immigrants to the United States to make learning English their top priority.<ref name="pmof-nyt">{{cite news\|last1=Crowley\|first1=Michael\|last2=Kepner\|first2=Tyler\|date=September 17, 2019\|title=After Baseball Hall of Fame Comes a Medal of Freedom\|edition=New York\|page=B13\|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/16/us/politics/trump-mariano-rivera.html\|access-date=September 21, 2019\|archive-date=September 20, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920071227/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/16/us/politics/trump-mariano-rivera.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> Rivera became a [[Naturalization\|naturalized]] citizen of the United States in October 2015 and was recognized as an [[Outstanding American by Choice]] during the ceremony.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.dhs.gov/blog/2015/10/26/150-become-citizens-during-two-ceremonies-new-york\|title=150 Become Citizens During Two Ceremonies in New York\|website=[[United States Department of Homeland Security\|DHS.gov]]\|date=October 26, 2015\|access-date=January 25, 2017\|archive-date=February 2, 2017\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202024503/https://www.dhs.gov/blog/2015/10/26/150-become-citizens-during-two-ceremonies-new-york\|url-status=live}}</ref>