Northrop Grumman - Revision history

Arado: /* 2020s */

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2020s

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	In May 2024, Northrop Grumman unveiled the Manta Ray, an [[Unmanned underwater vehicle\|underwater drone]] developed for the Defense Advanced Projects Research Agency (DARPA). The drone, which resembles its namesake sea creature, was designed to carry out long-duration, long-range military missions, including extended loitering on the sea bottom. The development of the Manta Ray posed several technical challenges, including overcoming the corrosive nature of seawater, preventing sea life from interfering with moving components, and operating under conditions where electromagnetic radiation, including sunlight, does not propagate well.<ref name=":2" /> The craft uses two four-bladed propellers on the wings to enhance the propulsion provided by its gliding system, which glides forward while moving up and down in the water column by changing its buoyancy.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Szondy \|first=David \|date=2024-06-14 \|title=First look at DARPA's massive Manta Ray drone in action \|url=https://newatlas.com/military/manta-ray-sub-videos/ \|access-date=2024-06-14 \|website=New Atlas \|language=en-US}}</ref> With an emphasis on minimal human oversight, the creation of the Manta Ray represents a significant advancement in unmanned underwater vehicles (UUV) technology.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web \|title=The Pentagon Created a New Kind of Underwater Predator: The Mysterious Manta Ray \|url=https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/research/a60432262/manta-ray-underwater-vehicle/ \|access-date=May 8, 2024 \|website=Popular Mechanics \|language=en-US}}</ref>		In May 2024, Northrop Grumman unveiled the Manta Ray, an [[Unmanned underwater vehicle\|underwater drone]] developed for the Defense Advanced Projects Research Agency (DARPA). The drone, which resembles its namesake sea creature, was designed to carry out long-duration, long-range military missions, including extended loitering on the sea bottom. The development of the Manta Ray posed several technical challenges, including overcoming the corrosive nature of seawater, preventing sea life from interfering with moving components, and operating under conditions where electromagnetic radiation, including sunlight, does not propagate well.<ref name=":2" /> The craft uses two four-bladed propellers on the wings to enhance the propulsion provided by its gliding system, which glides forward while moving up and down in the water column by changing its buoyancy.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Szondy \|first=David \|date=2024-06-14 \|title=First look at DARPA's massive Manta Ray drone in action \|url=https://newatlas.com/military/manta-ray-sub-videos/ \|access-date=2024-06-14 \|website=New Atlas \|language=en-US}}</ref> With an emphasis on minimal human oversight, the creation of the Manta Ray represents a significant advancement in unmanned underwater vehicles (UUV) technology.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web \|title=The Pentagon Created a New Kind of Underwater Predator: The Mysterious Manta Ray \|url=https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/research/a60432262/manta-ray-underwater-vehicle/ \|access-date=May 8, 2024 \|website=Popular Mechanics \|language=en-US}}</ref>

	In September 2024, Northrop Grumman won the competition to develop and build the Glide Phase Interceptor (GPI).<ref>https://breakingdefense.com/2024/09/northrop-selected-to-develop-anti-hypersonic-glide-phase-interceptor/</ref>		In September 2024, Northrop Grumman won the U.S. [[Missile Defense Agency]] (MDA) competition to develop and build the Glide Phase Interceptor (GPI).<ref>https://breakingdefense.com/2024/09/northrop-selected-to-develop-anti-hypersonic-glide-phase-interceptor/</ref>

	== Finances ==		== Finances ==

Arado: /* 2020s */

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2020s

← Previous revision		Revision as of 09:40, 7 October 2024
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	In May 2024, Northrop Grumman unveiled the Manta Ray, an [[Unmanned underwater vehicle\|underwater drone]] developed for the Defense Advanced Projects Research Agency (DARPA). The drone, which resembles its namesake sea creature, was designed to carry out long-duration, long-range military missions, including extended loitering on the sea bottom. The development of the Manta Ray posed several technical challenges, including overcoming the corrosive nature of seawater, preventing sea life from interfering with moving components, and operating under conditions where electromagnetic radiation, including sunlight, does not propagate well.<ref name=":2" /> The craft uses two four-bladed propellers on the wings to enhance the propulsion provided by its gliding system, which glides forward while moving up and down in the water column by changing its buoyancy.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Szondy \|first=David \|date=2024-06-14 \|title=First look at DARPA's massive Manta Ray drone in action \|url=https://newatlas.com/military/manta-ray-sub-videos/ \|access-date=2024-06-14 \|website=New Atlas \|language=en-US}}</ref> With an emphasis on minimal human oversight, the creation of the Manta Ray represents a significant advancement in unmanned underwater vehicles (UUV) technology.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web \|title=The Pentagon Created a New Kind of Underwater Predator: The Mysterious Manta Ray \|url=https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/research/a60432262/manta-ray-underwater-vehicle/ \|access-date=May 8, 2024 \|website=Popular Mechanics \|language=en-US}}</ref>		In May 2024, Northrop Grumman unveiled the Manta Ray, an [[Unmanned underwater vehicle\|underwater drone]] developed for the Defense Advanced Projects Research Agency (DARPA). The drone, which resembles its namesake sea creature, was designed to carry out long-duration, long-range military missions, including extended loitering on the sea bottom. The development of the Manta Ray posed several technical challenges, including overcoming the corrosive nature of seawater, preventing sea life from interfering with moving components, and operating under conditions where electromagnetic radiation, including sunlight, does not propagate well.<ref name=":2" /> The craft uses two four-bladed propellers on the wings to enhance the propulsion provided by its gliding system, which glides forward while moving up and down in the water column by changing its buoyancy.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Szondy \|first=David \|date=2024-06-14 \|title=First look at DARPA's massive Manta Ray drone in action \|url=https://newatlas.com/military/manta-ray-sub-videos/ \|access-date=2024-06-14 \|website=New Atlas \|language=en-US}}</ref> With an emphasis on minimal human oversight, the creation of the Manta Ray represents a significant advancement in unmanned underwater vehicles (UUV) technology.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web \|title=The Pentagon Created a New Kind of Underwater Predator: The Mysterious Manta Ray \|url=https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/research/a60432262/manta-ray-underwater-vehicle/ \|access-date=May 8, 2024 \|website=Popular Mechanics \|language=en-US}}</ref>

			In September 2024, Northrop Grumman won the competition to develop and build the Glide Phase Interceptor (GPI).<ref>https://breakingdefense.com/2024/09/northrop-selected-to-develop-anti-hypersonic-glide-phase-interceptor/</ref>

	== Finances ==		== Finances ==

Great Brightstar: Replace some links

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Replace some links

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	===Space Systems===		===Space Systems===
	On June 7, 2018, the acquisition of Orbital ATK was completed, and the former company was absorbed in Northrop Grumman as a new business sector called [[Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems]].<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2018/06/07/northrop-grumman-completes-orbital-atk-acquisition/\|title=Northrop Grumman completes Orbital ATK acquisition\|last=Clark\|first=Stephen\|date=June 7, 2018\|work=Spaceflightnow.com\|access-date=June 12, 2018}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|url=http://spacenews.com/acquisition-of-orbital-atk-approved-company-renamed-northrop-grumman-innovation-systems/\|archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20190301170912/https://spacenews.com/acquisition%2Dof%2Dorbital%2Datk%2Dapproved%2Dcompany%2Drenamed%2Dnorthrop%2Dgrumman%2Dinnovation%2Dsystems/\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=March 1, 2019\|title=Acquisition of Orbital ATK approved, company renamed Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems\|last=Erwin\|first=Sandra\|date=June 5, 2018\|website=Spacenews.com\|access-date=June 12, 2018}}</ref> With this acquisition, Northrop Grumman got more involved in the space industry, including the construction and launch of the [[Cygnus (spacecraft)\|Cygnus]] spacecraft. Until 2020 the firm was developing the [[OmegA]] space launch vehicle, intended to carry the U.S. government's [[national security]] satellites into space.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Space Launch Vehicles \|url=https://www.northropgrumman.com/Capabilities/SpaceLaunchVehicles/Pages/default.aspx \|website=Northrop Grumman \|access-date=July 1, 2019 \|archive-date=June 13, 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613093501/https://www.northropgrumman.com/Capabilities/SpaceLaunchVehicles/Pages/default.aspx \|url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|last1=Erwin \|first1=Sandra \|title=Northrop Grumman to terminate OmegA rocket program \|url=https://spacenews.com/northrop-grumman-to-terminate-omega-rocket-program/ \|access-date=November 19, 2020 \|work=SpaceNews \|date=September 9, 2020}}</ref>		On June 7, 2018, the acquisition of [[Orbital ATK]] was completed, and the former company was absorbed in Northrop Grumman as a new business sector called Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2018/06/07/northrop-grumman-completes-orbital-atk-acquisition/\|title=Northrop Grumman completes Orbital ATK acquisition\|last=Clark\|first=Stephen\|date=June 7, 2018\|work=Spaceflightnow.com\|access-date=June 12, 2018}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|url=http://spacenews.com/acquisition-of-orbital-atk-approved-company-renamed-northrop-grumman-innovation-systems/\|archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20190301170912/https://spacenews.com/acquisition%2Dof%2Dorbital%2Datk%2Dapproved%2Dcompany%2Drenamed%2Dnorthrop%2Dgrumman%2Dinnovation%2Dsystems/\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=March 1, 2019\|title=Acquisition of Orbital ATK approved, company renamed Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems\|last=Erwin\|first=Sandra\|date=June 5, 2018\|website=Spacenews.com\|access-date=June 12, 2018}}</ref> With this acquisition, Northrop Grumman got more involved in the space industry, including the construction and launch of the [[Cygnus (spacecraft)\|Cygnus]] spacecraft. Until 2020 the firm was developing the [[OmegA]] space launch vehicle, intended to carry the U.S. government's [[national security]] satellites into space.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Space Launch Vehicles \|url=https://www.northropgrumman.com/Capabilities/SpaceLaunchVehicles/Pages/default.aspx \|website=Northrop Grumman \|access-date=July 1, 2019 \|archive-date=June 13, 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613093501/https://www.northropgrumman.com/Capabilities/SpaceLaunchVehicles/Pages/default.aspx \|url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|last1=Erwin \|first1=Sandra \|title=Northrop Grumman to terminate OmegA rocket program \|url=https://spacenews.com/northrop-grumman-to-terminate-omega-rocket-program/ \|access-date=November 19, 2020 \|work=SpaceNews \|date=September 9, 2020}}</ref>

	With Northrop Grumman's reorganization of its divisions effective January 1, 2020, NGIS was split, with most of the sector merging with other Northrop Grumman businesses into a new Space Systems sector.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.defensenews.com/industry/2019/09/20/northrop-launches-new-divisions-focused-on-space-cyber-unmanned-tech/\|title=Northrop launches new divisions focused on space, cyber, unmanned tech\|date=September 20, 2019\|access-date=April 17, 2020\|archive-date=September 23, 2019\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20190923153156/https://www.defensenews.com/industry/2019/09/20/northrop-launches-new-divisions-focused-on-space-cyber-unmanned-tech/\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Northrop Grumman Announces Realigned Operating Sectors \|url=https://washingtonexec.com/2019/09/northrop-grumman-announces-realigned-operating-sectors/#.X78u1157mTc \|website=Washington Exec \|date=September 25, 2019 \|access-date=November 25, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://news.northropgrumman.com/news/releases/northrop-grumman-announces-organization-and-leadership-changes-6775579\|title=Northrop Grumman Announces Organization and Leadership Changes}}</ref>		With Northrop Grumman's reorganization of its divisions effective January 1, 2020, NGIS was split, with most of the sector merging with other Northrop Grumman businesses into a new Space Systems sector.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.defensenews.com/industry/2019/09/20/northrop-launches-new-divisions-focused-on-space-cyber-unmanned-tech/\|title=Northrop launches new divisions focused on space, cyber, unmanned tech\|date=September 20, 2019\|access-date=April 17, 2020\|archive-date=September 23, 2019\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20190923153156/https://www.defensenews.com/industry/2019/09/20/northrop-launches-new-divisions-focused-on-space-cyber-unmanned-tech/\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Northrop Grumman Announces Realigned Operating Sectors \|url=https://washingtonexec.com/2019/09/northrop-grumman-announces-realigned-operating-sectors/#.X78u1157mTc \|website=Washington Exec \|date=September 25, 2019 \|access-date=November 25, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://news.northropgrumman.com/news/releases/northrop-grumman-announces-organization-and-leadership-changes-6775579\|title=Northrop Grumman Announces Organization and Leadership Changes}}</ref>
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	Northrop Grumman can trace its lineage back to the beginning of the 20th century when the Grumman Corporation was founded on [[Long Island]], New York. Here, Leroy R. Grumman established the Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation in December 1929.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book \|last=Society \|first=American Astronautical \|title=Space Exploration and Humanity: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]: A Historical Encyclopedia \|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group \|year=2010 \|isbn=978-1-85109-519-3 \|location=Westport, CT \|pages=501 \|language=en}}</ref> By 1939, the company has expanded and relocated to Bethpage, New York.<ref name=":1" /> During [[World War II]] the company built most US Navy aircraft. After the war it branched out into making the first [[aluminum]] [[canoe]]s using left-over materials no longer needed for aircraft. Later the firm created a myriad of products such as [[ballistic missile]]s, all-weather radars, the [[Apollo Lunar Module]], land and sea-based [[fighter aircraft]] and [[Stealth bomber]]s.<ref name="northropgrumman.com3">{{Cite web \|url=http://www.northropgrumman.com/AboutUs/OurHeritage/Pages/default.aspx \|title=Our Heritage \|access-date=February 10, 2019 \|archive-date=February 23, 2013 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130223052513/http://www.northropgrumman.com/AboutUs/OurHeritage/Pages/default.aspx \|url-status=dead }}</ref>		Northrop Grumman can trace its lineage back to the beginning of the 20th century when the Grumman Corporation was founded on [[Long Island]], New York. Here, Leroy R. Grumman established the Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation in December 1929.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book \|last=Society \|first=American Astronautical \|title=Space Exploration and Humanity: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]: A Historical Encyclopedia \|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group \|year=2010 \|isbn=978-1-85109-519-3 \|location=Westport, CT \|pages=501 \|language=en}}</ref> By 1939, the company has expanded and relocated to Bethpage, New York.<ref name=":1" /> During [[World War II]] the company built most US Navy aircraft. After the war it branched out into making the first [[aluminum]] [[canoe]]s using left-over materials no longer needed for aircraft. Later the firm created a myriad of products such as [[ballistic missile]]s, all-weather radars, the [[Apollo Lunar Module]], land and sea-based [[fighter aircraft]] and [[Stealth bomber]]s.<ref name="northropgrumman.com3">{{Cite web \|url=http://www.northropgrumman.com/AboutUs/OurHeritage/Pages/default.aspx \|title=Our Heritage \|access-date=February 10, 2019 \|archive-date=February 23, 2013 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130223052513/http://www.northropgrumman.com/AboutUs/OurHeritage/Pages/default.aspx \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

	Founded in California in 1939 by [[Jack Northrop]], the [[Northrop Corporation]] was reincorporated in Delaware in 1985.<ref>Parker 2013, pp. 25, 93.</ref> Northrop made a series of light-weight fighter aircraft such as the [[Northrop F-5\|F-5]], [[Northrop YF-17\|YF-17]], and [[Northrop F-20 Tigershark\|F-20.]] However, Northrop was best known for it experimental flying wing aircraft, the [[Northrop YB-35\|XB-35]] and [[Northrop YB-49\|YB-49]] of the late 1940s and early 1950s. These flying wing aircraft, while unsuccessful, would pave the way for the [[Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit\|B-2 Spirit]] Stealth Bomber, on which Northrop was the prime contractor.<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Sweetman \|first=Bill \|title=Inside the Stealth Bomber \|publisher=MBI Publishing Company \|year=1999 \|isbn=0-7603-0627-3 \|location=Osceola, Wi, USA \|publication-date=1999 \|pages=19–33 \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book \|last=Coleman \|first=Ted \|title=Jack Northrop and the Flying Wing \|publisher=Paragon House Publishing \|year=1988 \|isbn=1-55778-079-X \|location=New York, NY \|pages=228–242 \|language=English}}</ref> After the end of the [[Cold War]], Northrop made a series of acquisitions, buying [[Grumman\|Grumman Aerospace]], Westinghouse and [[TRW Inc.]] in addition to a number of other enterprises.<ref name="northropgrumman.com3"/> In 2018, Northrop Grumman completed the purchase of Orbital ATK, which has since been renamed to [[Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems]]. Northrop Grumman is one of the largest defense contractors in the world.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/lockheed-martin-general-dynamics-northrop-grumman-boeing-18356\|title=Lockheed Martin, General Dynamics, Northrop Grumman, Boeing and Raytheon: America's 5 Top Defense Contractors \|first=Dave \|last=Majumdar \|date=November 10, 2016 \|website=The National Interest \|access-date=February 11, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.reuters.com/finance/stocks/company-profile/NOC.N \|title=${Instrument_CompanyName} ${Instrument_Ric} Company Profile - Reuters.com \|website= Reuters.com \|access-date=February 11, 2019}}</ref>		Founded in California in 1939 by [[Jack Northrop]], the [[Northrop Corporation]] was reincorporated in Delaware in 1985.<ref>Parker 2013, pp. 25, 93.</ref> Northrop made a series of light-weight fighter aircraft such as the [[Northrop F-5\|F-5]], [[Northrop YF-17\|YF-17]], and [[Northrop F-20 Tigershark\|F-20.]] However, Northrop was best known for it experimental flying wing aircraft, the [[Northrop YB-35\|XB-35]] and [[Northrop YB-49\|YB-49]] of the late 1940s and early 1950s. These flying wing aircraft, while unsuccessful, would pave the way for the [[Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit\|B-2 Spirit]] Stealth Bomber, on which Northrop was the prime contractor.<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Sweetman \|first=Bill \|title=Inside the Stealth Bomber \|publisher=MBI Publishing Company \|year=1999 \|isbn=0-7603-0627-3 \|location=Osceola, Wi, USA \|publication-date=1999 \|pages=19–33 \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book \|last=Coleman \|first=Ted \|title=Jack Northrop and the Flying Wing \|publisher=Paragon House Publishing \|year=1988 \|isbn=1-55778-079-X \|location=New York, NY \|pages=228–242 \|language=English}}</ref> After the end of the [[Cold War]], Northrop made a series of acquisitions, buying [[Grumman\|Grumman Aerospace]], Westinghouse and [[TRW Inc.]] in addition to a number of other enterprises.<ref name="northropgrumman.com3"/> In 2018, Northrop Grumman completed the purchase of [[Orbital ATK]], which has since been renamed to Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems. Northrop Grumman is one of the largest defense contractors in the world.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/lockheed-martin-general-dynamics-northrop-grumman-boeing-18356\|title=Lockheed Martin, General Dynamics, Northrop Grumman, Boeing and Raytheon: America's 5 Top Defense Contractors \|first=Dave \|last=Majumdar \|date=November 10, 2016 \|website=The National Interest \|access-date=February 11, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.reuters.com/finance/stocks/company-profile/NOC.N \|title=${Instrument_CompanyName} ${Instrument_Ric} Company Profile - Reuters.com \|website= Reuters.com \|access-date=February 11, 2019}}</ref>

	===1990s===		===1990s===

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	{{short description\|~~Aerospace~~ ~~and~~ defense ~~technology~~ ~~corporation~~}}		{{short description\|American aerospace, defense corp. founded 1994}}
	{{Use mdy dates\|date=March 2024}}		{{Use mdy dates\|date=March 2024}}
	{{Infobox company		{{Infobox company

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box tools

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	\| equity = {{increase}} US$14.8 billion (2023)		\| equity = {{increase}} US$14.8 billion (2023)
	\| num_employees = {{circa\|101,000}} (2023)		\| num_employees = {{circa\|101,000}} (2023)
	\| homepage = {{URL~~\|northropgrumman.com~~}}		\| homepage = {{Official URL}}
	\| footnotes = <ref name=leadership>{{cite web \|url=http://www.northropgrumman.com/AboutUs/CompanyLeadership/Pages/default.aspx \|title=Company Leadership \|access-date=November 7, 2015 \|archive-date=October 31, 2015 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151031111540/http://www.northropgrumman.com/AboutUs/CompanyLeadership/Pages/default.aspx \|url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=Annual10K2023>{{cite web\|title= Northrop Grumman Corporation 2023 Annual Report (Form 10-K) \|url=https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1133421/000113342124000006/noc-20231231.htm \|publisher=[[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission]] \|date=January 25, 2024}}</ref>		\| footnotes = <ref name=leadership>{{cite web \|url=http://www.northropgrumman.com/AboutUs/CompanyLeadership/Pages/default.aspx \|title=Company Leadership \|access-date=November 7, 2015 \|archive-date=October 31, 2015 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151031111540/http://www.northropgrumman.com/AboutUs/CompanyLeadership/Pages/default.aspx \|url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=Annual10K2023>{{cite web\|title= Northrop Grumman Corporation 2023 Annual Report (Form 10-K) \|url=https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1133421/000113342124000006/noc-20231231.htm \|publisher=[[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission]] \|date=January 25, 2024}}</ref>
	}}		}}

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External links: wikidata template

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	\| video1 = [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o6cDmXFkAdM "Manta Ray, Making Waves in Autonomy"], Northrop Grumman video		\| video1 = [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o6cDmXFkAdM "Manta Ray, Making Waves in Autonomy"], Northrop Grumman video
	}}		}}
	* {{Official website~~\|http://www.northropgrumman.com/~~}}		* {{Official website}}
	{{Finance links		{{Finance links
	\| name = Northrop Grumman		\| name = Northrop Grumman

2600:480A:5252:7101:AC2B:3A3B:993B:4AF7: /* History */ changed "all American navy aircraft" to "most US navy aircraft"

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History: changed "all American navy aircraft" to "most US navy aircraft"

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	[[File:P-61bs on assembly line - Northrop - 1944.jpg\|thumb\|right\|The [[assembly line]] for [[Northrop P-61 Black Widow]]s at the Northrop plant in [[Hawthorne, California]], in World War II. Center wings and fuselages take shape on the left, with more nearly finished airplanes on the right.<ref>Parker 2013, pp. 93–94.</ref>]]		[[File:P-61bs on assembly line - Northrop - 1944.jpg\|thumb\|right\|The [[assembly line]] for [[Northrop P-61 Black Widow]]s at the Northrop plant in [[Hawthorne, California]], in World War II. Center wings and fuselages take shape on the left, with more nearly finished airplanes on the right.<ref>Parker 2013, pp. 93–94.</ref>]]

	Northrop Grumman can trace its lineage back to the beginning of the 20th century when the Grumman Corporation was founded on [[Long Island]], New York. Here, Leroy R. Grumman established the Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation in December 1929.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book \|last=Society \|first=American Astronautical \|title=Space Exploration and Humanity: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]: A Historical Encyclopedia \|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group \|year=2010 \|isbn=978-1-85109-519-3 \|location=Westport, CT \|pages=501 \|language=en}}</ref> By 1939, the company has expanded and relocated to Bethpage, New York.<ref name=":1" /> During [[World War II]] the company built ~~all~~ ~~American~~ Navy aircraft. After the war it branched out into making the first [[aluminum]] [[canoe]]s using left-over materials no longer needed for aircraft. Later the firm created a myriad of products such as [[ballistic missile]]s, all-weather radars, the [[Apollo Lunar Module]], land and sea-based [[fighter aircraft]] and [[Stealth bomber]]s.<ref name="northropgrumman.com3">{{Cite web \|url=http://www.northropgrumman.com/AboutUs/OurHeritage/Pages/default.aspx \|title=Our Heritage \|access-date=February 10, 2019 \|archive-date=February 23, 2013 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130223052513/http://www.northropgrumman.com/AboutUs/OurHeritage/Pages/default.aspx \|url-status=dead }}</ref>		Northrop Grumman can trace its lineage back to the beginning of the 20th century when the Grumman Corporation was founded on [[Long Island]], New York. Here, Leroy R. Grumman established the Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation in December 1929.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book \|last=Society \|first=American Astronautical \|title=Space Exploration and Humanity: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]: A Historical Encyclopedia \|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group \|year=2010 \|isbn=978-1-85109-519-3 \|location=Westport, CT \|pages=501 \|language=en}}</ref> By 1939, the company has expanded and relocated to Bethpage, New York.<ref name=":1" /> During [[World War II]] the company built most US Navy aircraft. After the war it branched out into making the first [[aluminum]] [[canoe]]s using left-over materials no longer needed for aircraft. Later the firm created a myriad of products such as [[ballistic missile]]s, all-weather radars, the [[Apollo Lunar Module]], land and sea-based [[fighter aircraft]] and [[Stealth bomber]]s.<ref name="northropgrumman.com3">{{Cite web \|url=http://www.northropgrumman.com/AboutUs/OurHeritage/Pages/default.aspx \|title=Our Heritage \|access-date=February 10, 2019 \|archive-date=February 23, 2013 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130223052513/http://www.northropgrumman.com/AboutUs/OurHeritage/Pages/default.aspx \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

	Founded in California in 1939 by [[Jack Northrop]], the [[Northrop Corporation]] was reincorporated in Delaware in 1985.<ref>Parker 2013, pp. 25, 93.</ref> Northrop made a series of light-weight fighter aircraft such as the [[Northrop F-5\|F-5]], [[Northrop YF-17\|YF-17]], and [[Northrop F-20 Tigershark\|F-20.]] However, Northrop was best known for it experimental flying wing aircraft, the [[Northrop YB-35\|XB-35]] and [[Northrop YB-49\|YB-49]] of the late 1940s and early 1950s. These flying wing aircraft, while unsuccessful, would pave the way for the [[Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit\|B-2 Spirit]] Stealth Bomber, on which Northrop was the prime contractor.<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Sweetman \|first=Bill \|title=Inside the Stealth Bomber \|publisher=MBI Publishing Company \|year=1999 \|isbn=0-7603-0627-3 \|location=Osceola, Wi, USA \|publication-date=1999 \|pages=19–33 \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book \|last=Coleman \|first=Ted \|title=Jack Northrop and the Flying Wing \|publisher=Paragon House Publishing \|year=1988 \|isbn=1-55778-079-X \|location=New York, NY \|pages=228–242 \|language=English}}</ref> After the end of the [[Cold War]], Northrop made a series of acquisitions, buying [[Grumman\|Grumman Aerospace]], Westinghouse and [[TRW Inc.]] in addition to a number of other enterprises.<ref name="northropgrumman.com3"/> In 2018, Northrop Grumman completed the purchase of Orbital ATK, which has since been renamed to [[Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems]]. Northrop Grumman is one of the largest defense contractors in the world.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/lockheed-martin-general-dynamics-northrop-grumman-boeing-18356\|title=Lockheed Martin, General Dynamics, Northrop Grumman, Boeing and Raytheon: America's 5 Top Defense Contractors \|first=Dave \|last=Majumdar \|date=November 10, 2016 \|website=The National Interest \|access-date=February 11, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.reuters.com/finance/stocks/company-profile/NOC.N \|title=${Instrument_CompanyName} ${Instrument_Ric} Company Profile - Reuters.com \|website= Reuters.com \|access-date=February 11, 2019}}</ref>		Founded in California in 1939 by [[Jack Northrop]], the [[Northrop Corporation]] was reincorporated in Delaware in 1985.<ref>Parker 2013, pp. 25, 93.</ref> Northrop made a series of light-weight fighter aircraft such as the [[Northrop F-5\|F-5]], [[Northrop YF-17\|YF-17]], and [[Northrop F-20 Tigershark\|F-20.]] However, Northrop was best known for it experimental flying wing aircraft, the [[Northrop YB-35\|XB-35]] and [[Northrop YB-49\|YB-49]] of the late 1940s and early 1950s. These flying wing aircraft, while unsuccessful, would pave the way for the [[Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit\|B-2 Spirit]] Stealth Bomber, on which Northrop was the prime contractor.<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Sweetman \|first=Bill \|title=Inside the Stealth Bomber \|publisher=MBI Publishing Company \|year=1999 \|isbn=0-7603-0627-3 \|location=Osceola, Wi, USA \|publication-date=1999 \|pages=19–33 \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book \|last=Coleman \|first=Ted \|title=Jack Northrop and the Flying Wing \|publisher=Paragon House Publishing \|year=1988 \|isbn=1-55778-079-X \|location=New York, NY \|pages=228–242 \|language=English}}</ref> After the end of the [[Cold War]], Northrop made a series of acquisitions, buying [[Grumman\|Grumman Aerospace]], Westinghouse and [[TRW Inc.]] in addition to a number of other enterprises.<ref name="northropgrumman.com3"/> In 2018, Northrop Grumman completed the purchase of Orbital ATK, which has since been renamed to [[Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems]]. Northrop Grumman is one of the largest defense contractors in the world.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/lockheed-martin-general-dynamics-northrop-grumman-boeing-18356\|title=Lockheed Martin, General Dynamics, Northrop Grumman, Boeing and Raytheon: America's 5 Top Defense Contractors \|first=Dave \|last=Majumdar \|date=November 10, 2016 \|website=The National Interest \|access-date=February 11, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.reuters.com/finance/stocks/company-profile/NOC.N \|title=${Instrument_CompanyName} ${Instrument_Ric} Company Profile - Reuters.com \|website= Reuters.com \|access-date=February 11, 2019}}</ref>

GreenC bot: Move 1 url. Wayback Medic 2.5 per WP:URLREQ#articles.chicagotribune.com

2024-09-11T02:51:43Z

Move 1 url. Wayback Medic 2.5 per WP:URLREQ#articles.chicagotribune.com

← Previous revision		Revision as of 02:51, 11 September 2024
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	In 1999, the company was sued for knowingly giving the Navy defective aircraft. This suit sought $210 million in damages.<ref name="rightweb">{{cite web \|last= Flynn \|first= Michael \|year= 2004 \|url= http://rightweb.irc-online.org/profile/2831 \|title= Northrop Grumman \|publisher= Right Web Profiles \|access-date= April 4, 2006 \|url-status= dead \|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20060223105543/http://rightweb.irc-online.org/profile/2831 \|archive-date= February 23, 2006 \|df= mdy-all }}</ref> Ten years later, on April 2, 2009, Northrop Grumman agreed to pay $325 million to settle the suit.<ref>[http://www.phillipsandcohen.com/2009/Scientist-blew-whistle-on-faulty-military-satellite-parts-Northrop-Grumman-pays-325-million-to-settle-case.shtml "Scientist blew whistle on faulty military satellite parts; Northrop Grumman pays $325 million to settle case."] Phillips & Cohen LLP Press Release, April 2, 2009.</ref> Ferro was awarded $48.8 million of the settlement. Northrop Grumman stated, "it believed that TRW had 'acted properly under its contracts' and that the company had substantive defenses against the claims."<ref>Drew, Christopher. [https://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/03/business/03whistle.html "Military Contractor Agrees To Pay $325 Million To Settle Whistle-Blower Lawsuit."] ''[[The New York Times]]'', April 3, 2009, p. B4.</ref>		In 1999, the company was sued for knowingly giving the Navy defective aircraft. This suit sought $210 million in damages.<ref name="rightweb">{{cite web \|last= Flynn \|first= Michael \|year= 2004 \|url= http://rightweb.irc-online.org/profile/2831 \|title= Northrop Grumman \|publisher= Right Web Profiles \|access-date= April 4, 2006 \|url-status= dead \|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20060223105543/http://rightweb.irc-online.org/profile/2831 \|archive-date= February 23, 2006 \|df= mdy-all }}</ref> Ten years later, on April 2, 2009, Northrop Grumman agreed to pay $325 million to settle the suit.<ref>[http://www.phillipsandcohen.com/2009/Scientist-blew-whistle-on-faulty-military-satellite-parts-Northrop-Grumman-pays-325-million-to-settle-case.shtml "Scientist blew whistle on faulty military satellite parts; Northrop Grumman pays $325 million to settle case."] Phillips & Cohen LLP Press Release, April 2, 2009.</ref> Ferro was awarded $48.8 million of the settlement. Northrop Grumman stated, "it believed that TRW had 'acted properly under its contracts' and that the company had substantive defenses against the claims."<ref>Drew, Christopher. [https://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/03/business/03whistle.html "Military Contractor Agrees To Pay $325 Million To Settle Whistle-Blower Lawsuit."] ''[[The New York Times]]'', April 3, 2009, p. B4.</ref>

	In 2001, federal investigators probed NG for fraud of more than $100 million, systematic overcharging for radar jammers and other high-tech devices used in the B-1 bomber, the F-15 fighter and the B-2 Stealth bomber.<ref name=chic>Corfman, Thomas A. [~~http~~://~~articles~~.chicagotribune.com/2001-10-30/~~news/0110300253_1_two~~-~~former~~-northrop-~~employees~~-defense-fraud-case~~-criminal-probe~~ "Feds probe Northrop in defense fraud case."] ''Chicago Tribune'', August 30, 2001. Retrieved: December 5, 2014.</ref>		In 2001, federal investigators probed NG for fraud of more than $100 million, systematic overcharging for radar jammers and other high-tech devices used in the B-1 bomber, the F-15 fighter and the B-2 Stealth bomber.<ref name=chic>Corfman, Thomas A. [https://www.chicagotribune.com/2001/10/30/feds-probe-northrop-in-defense-fraud-case/ "Feds probe Northrop in defense fraud case."] ''Chicago Tribune'', August 30, 2001. Retrieved: December 5, 2014.</ref>
	In 2003, the company was sued for overcharging the U.S. government for space projects in the 1990s.<ref name="cw">{{cite news \|first=Renae \|last=Merle \|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/382495171.html?dids=382495171:382495171&FMT=ABS \|title=Northrop Settles Billing Case: Shipbuilding Unit Allegedly Overbilled U.S. by $72 Million \|newspaper=The Washington Post \|date=August 9, 2003 \|access-date=April 4, 2006 \|archive-date=March 9, 2012 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309143816/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/382495171.html?dids=382495171:382495171&FMT=ABS \|url-status=dead }}</ref> Northrop Grumman paid $111.2 million to settle out of court.<ref name="TRW Press Release">[http://www.phillipsandcohen.com/2003/Northrop-Grumman-pays-111-million-to-settle-qui-tam-case-against-recent-acquisition-TRW.shtml "Northrop Grumman pays $111 million to settle qui tam case against recent acquisition, TRW."] ''Phillips and Cohen Press Release'', June 9, 2003.</ref>		In 2003, the company was sued for overcharging the U.S. government for space projects in the 1990s.<ref name="cw">{{cite news \|first=Renae \|last=Merle \|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/382495171.html?dids=382495171:382495171&FMT=ABS \|title=Northrop Settles Billing Case: Shipbuilding Unit Allegedly Overbilled U.S. by $72 Million \|newspaper=The Washington Post \|date=August 9, 2003 \|access-date=April 4, 2006 \|archive-date=March 9, 2012 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309143816/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/382495171.html?dids=382495171:382495171&FMT=ABS \|url-status=dead }}</ref> Northrop Grumman paid $111.2 million to settle out of court.<ref name="TRW Press Release">[http://www.phillipsandcohen.com/2003/Northrop-Grumman-pays-111-million-to-settle-qui-tam-case-against-recent-acquisition-TRW.shtml "Northrop Grumman pays $111 million to settle qui tam case against recent acquisition, TRW."] ''Phillips and Cohen Press Release'', June 9, 2003.</ref>

GreenC bot: Rescued 2 archive links. Wayback Medic 2.5 per WP:URLREQ#voices.washingtonpost.com

2024-09-05T16:54:29Z

Rescued 2 archive links. Wayback Medic 2.5 per WP:URLREQ#voices.washingtonpost.com

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:54, 5 September 2024
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	Since 2011, Northrop Grumman's headquarters are in [[West Falls Church, Virginia]] (previously Jefferson), [[unincorporated area\|unincorporated]] [[Fairfax County, Virginia]].<!--Cited below--><ref name="NewHQ">"[http://www.irconnect.com/noc/press/pages/news_releases.html?d=196171 Northrop Grumman Selects Falls Church Location for New Corporate Office (NYSE:NOC)]." Northrop Grumman. July 12, 2010. Retrieved: September 6, 2011. "[...]2980 Fairview Park Drive, Falls Church, Va.[...]"</ref><ref>"[http://www.northropgrumman.com/locations/index.html "Company Locations: Northrop Grumman Corporation 2980 Fairview Park Drive Falls Church, VA 22042."] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120114952/http://www.northropgrumman.com/locations/index.html \|date=January 20, 2013 }} ''Northrop Grumman''. Retrieved: September 6, 2011.</ref>		Since 2011, Northrop Grumman's headquarters are in [[West Falls Church, Virginia]] (previously Jefferson), [[unincorporated area\|unincorporated]] [[Fairfax County, Virginia]].<!--Cited below--><ref name="NewHQ">"[http://www.irconnect.com/noc/press/pages/news_releases.html?d=196171 Northrop Grumman Selects Falls Church Location for New Corporate Office (NYSE:NOC)]." Northrop Grumman. July 12, 2010. Retrieved: September 6, 2011. "[...]2980 Fairview Park Drive, Falls Church, Va.[...]"</ref><ref>"[http://www.northropgrumman.com/locations/index.html "Company Locations: Northrop Grumman Corporation 2980 Fairview Park Drive Falls Church, VA 22042."] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120114952/http://www.northropgrumman.com/locations/index.html \|date=January 20, 2013 }} ''Northrop Grumman''. Retrieved: September 6, 2011.</ref>

	Prior to 2010, the company was headquartered in [[Century City, Los Angeles]],<ref>"[http://www.northropgrumman.com/locations/index.html Company Locations] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120114952/http://www.northropgrumman.com/locations/index.html \|date=January 20, 2013 }}." ''Northrop Grumman''. Retrieved May 12, 2009.</ref> but announced plans on January 4, 2010, to move to the [[Washington Metropolitan Area]] by 2011<ref>"[http://voices.washingtonpost.com/economy-watch/2010/01/northrop_grumman_moving_hq_to.html?wpisrc=newsletter The Ticker]." ''The Washington Post'', January 4, 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2010.</ref> to be closer to government customers.<ref name="CroweMove">Crowe, Deborah. "[http://www.labusinessjournal.com/article.asp?aID=143693 Northrop to Move Corporate Office to D.C.]{{dead link\|date=July 2011}}." ''[[Los Angeles Business Journal]]''. January 4, 2010. Retrieved January 10, 2010.</ref> CEO Wesley Bush stated that the company needed to be located close to [[Capitol Hill]] lawmakers and officials from intelligence and military communities.<ref name="ProctorFlew">Proctor, Charles. "[http://www.labusinessjournal.com Northrop Flew Under the Radar]." ''[[Los Angeles Business Journal]]''. January 11, 2010. Retrieved: January 10, 2010.{{subscription required}}</ref> Northrop Grumman considered sites in [[Washington, D.C.]], and in suburbs in [[Maryland]] and [[Virginia]].<ref name="CroweMove"/> The ''[[Los Angeles Business Journal]]'' wrote "In a way, the announcement was not a surprise" due to the trend of aerospace companies moving to the DC area, the fact that the new CEO is from West Virginia and that CEOs often move corporate headquarters to places that they want the headquarters located. A Los Angeles area economic development consultant described the move announcement as a "structural failure at all levels for Los Angeles County."<ref name="ProctorFlew"/>		Prior to 2010, the company was headquartered in [[Century City, Los Angeles]],<ref>"[http://www.northropgrumman.com/locations/index.html Company Locations] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120114952/http://www.northropgrumman.com/locations/index.html \|date=January 20, 2013 }}." ''Northrop Grumman''. Retrieved May 12, 2009.</ref> but announced plans on January 4, 2010, to move to the [[Washington Metropolitan Area]] by 2011<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20120918120247/http://voices.washingtonpost.com/economy-watch/2010/01/northrop_grumman_moving_hq_to.html?wpisrc=newsletter The Ticker]." ''The Washington Post'', January 4, 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2010.</ref> to be closer to government customers.<ref name="CroweMove">Crowe, Deborah. "[http://www.labusinessjournal.com/article.asp?aID=143693 Northrop to Move Corporate Office to D.C.]{{dead link\|date=July 2011}}." ''[[Los Angeles Business Journal]]''. January 4, 2010. Retrieved January 10, 2010.</ref> CEO Wesley Bush stated that the company needed to be located close to [[Capitol Hill]] lawmakers and officials from intelligence and military communities.<ref name="ProctorFlew">Proctor, Charles. "[http://www.labusinessjournal.com Northrop Flew Under the Radar]." ''[[Los Angeles Business Journal]]''. January 11, 2010. Retrieved: January 10, 2010.{{subscription required}}</ref> Northrop Grumman considered sites in [[Washington, D.C.]], and in suburbs in [[Maryland]] and [[Virginia]].<ref name="CroweMove"/> The ''[[Los Angeles Business Journal]]'' wrote "In a way, the announcement was not a surprise" due to the trend of aerospace companies moving to the DC area, the fact that the new CEO is from West Virginia and that CEOs often move corporate headquarters to places that they want the headquarters located. A Los Angeles area economic development consultant described the move announcement as a "structural failure at all levels for Los Angeles County."<ref name="ProctorFlew"/>

	District of Columbia economic development officials were "pitching the city's urban hipness and proximity to Capitol Hill power brokers" to Northrop Grumman. Maryland promoted its highly educated workforce and its large number of federal facilities, while Virginia marketed itself as a state with relatively low taxes.<ref>Haynes, V. Dion. [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/01/10/AR2010011002250.html "D.C. area jurisdictions vie to become the new home of Northrop Grumman headquarters."] ''[[Washington Post]]'', January 11, 2010. Retrieved: February 13, 2010.</ref>		District of Columbia economic development officials were "pitching the city's urban hipness and proximity to Capitol Hill power brokers" to Northrop Grumman. Maryland promoted its highly educated workforce and its large number of federal facilities, while Virginia marketed itself as a state with relatively low taxes.<ref>Haynes, V. Dion. [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/01/10/AR2010011002250.html "D.C. area jurisdictions vie to become the new home of Northrop Grumman headquarters."] ''[[Washington Post]]'', January 11, 2010. Retrieved: February 13, 2010.</ref>
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	In 2003, the company was sued for overcharging the U.S. government for space projects in the 1990s.<ref name="cw">{{cite news \|first=Renae \|last=Merle \|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/382495171.html?dids=382495171:382495171&FMT=ABS \|title=Northrop Settles Billing Case: Shipbuilding Unit Allegedly Overbilled U.S. by $72 Million \|newspaper=The Washington Post \|date=August 9, 2003 \|access-date=April 4, 2006 \|archive-date=March 9, 2012 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309143816/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/382495171.html?dids=382495171:382495171&FMT=ABS \|url-status=dead }}</ref> Northrop Grumman paid $111.2 million to settle out of court.<ref name="TRW Press Release">[http://www.phillipsandcohen.com/2003/Northrop-Grumman-pays-111-million-to-settle-qui-tam-case-against-recent-acquisition-TRW.shtml "Northrop Grumman pays $111 million to settle qui tam case against recent acquisition, TRW."] ''Phillips and Cohen Press Release'', June 9, 2003.</ref>		In 2003, the company was sued for overcharging the U.S. government for space projects in the 1990s.<ref name="cw">{{cite news \|first=Renae \|last=Merle \|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/382495171.html?dids=382495171:382495171&FMT=ABS \|title=Northrop Settles Billing Case: Shipbuilding Unit Allegedly Overbilled U.S. by $72 Million \|newspaper=The Washington Post \|date=August 9, 2003 \|access-date=April 4, 2006 \|archive-date=March 9, 2012 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309143816/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/382495171.html?dids=382495171:382495171&FMT=ABS \|url-status=dead }}</ref> Northrop Grumman paid $111.2 million to settle out of court.<ref name="TRW Press Release">[http://www.phillipsandcohen.com/2003/Northrop-Grumman-pays-111-million-to-settle-qui-tam-case-against-recent-acquisition-TRW.shtml "Northrop Grumman pays $111 million to settle qui tam case against recent acquisition, TRW."] ''Phillips and Cohen Press Release'', June 9, 2003.</ref>

	From August 25 to September 2, 2010, [[Virginia]]'s computer system operated by NG, under a $2.4 billion contract, experienced an outage which resulted in around 45,000 citizens not being able to renew their drivers licenses prior to their expiration. Computer systems for 26 of the state's 89 agencies were affected and Governor [[Bob McDonnell]] announced that some data may have been permanently lost.<ref>{{cite news \|title=Computer crash has tech world watching \|author1=Helderman, Rosalind \|author2=Anita Kumar \|date=September 2, 2010 \|newspaper=The Washington Post \|page=B1}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|url=http://voices.washingtonpost.com/virginiapolitics/2010/09/giv_bob_mcdonnell_r_there.html\|title=McDonnell: Some data may be lost as a result of computer outage \|date=September 2, 2010 \|first=Anita \|last=Kumar \|access-date=September 3, 2010 \|newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref> In 2010 Northrop Grumman apologized for the outage, and agreed to fund an investigation.		From August 25 to September 2, 2010, [[Virginia]]'s computer system operated by NG, under a $2.4 billion contract, experienced an outage which resulted in around 45,000 citizens not being able to renew their drivers licenses prior to their expiration. Computer systems for 26 of the state's 89 agencies were affected and Governor [[Bob McDonnell]] announced that some data may have been permanently lost.<ref>{{cite news \|title=Computer crash has tech world watching \|author1=Helderman, Rosalind \|author2=Anita Kumar \|date=September 2, 2010 \|newspaper=The Washington Post \|page=B1}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|url=http://voices.washingtonpost.com/virginiapolitics/2010/09/giv_bob_mcdonnell_r_there.html\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927011626/http://voices.washingtonpost.com/virginiapolitics/2010/09/giv_bob_mcdonnell_r_there.html\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=September 27, 2011\|title=McDonnell: Some data may be lost as a result of computer outage \|date=September 2, 2010 \|first=Anita \|last=Kumar \|access-date=September 3, 2010 \|newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref> In 2010 Northrop Grumman apologized for the outage, and agreed to fund an investigation.

	In 2012, controversy began over Northrop Grumman's [[Integrated Air and Missile Defense Battle Command System]] (IBCS), when it missed its first deadline. Since then, the system has had a number of controversial developments.<ref name=history>{{cite web\|last1=Kiley\|first1=Gregory T.\|title=Congress and the Administration Must Reassess Failing Missile Defense Programs\|url=http://www.realcleardefense.com/articles/2017/05/17/failing_missile_defense_programs_111398.html\|publisher=RealClearDefense\|date=May 17, 2017}}</ref> In 2016, a [[Director, Operational Test and Evaluation]] found a number of major faults with the system, concluding it was "neither mature nor stable".<ref name=defensenews>{{cite web\|last1=Judson\|first1=Jen\|title=Army falls behind with new anti-missile command system\|url=http://www.defensenews.com/articles/army-falls-behind-bringing-new-missile-defense-command-system-online\|publisher=[[Defense News]]\|date=February 6, 2017}}{{dead link\|date=August 2021\|bot=medic}}{{cbignore\|bot=medic}}</ref>		In 2012, controversy began over Northrop Grumman's [[Integrated Air and Missile Defense Battle Command System]] (IBCS), when it missed its first deadline. Since then, the system has had a number of controversial developments.<ref name=history>{{cite web\|last1=Kiley\|first1=Gregory T.\|title=Congress and the Administration Must Reassess Failing Missile Defense Programs\|url=http://www.realcleardefense.com/articles/2017/05/17/failing_missile_defense_programs_111398.html\|publisher=RealClearDefense\|date=May 17, 2017}}</ref> In 2016, a [[Director, Operational Test and Evaluation]] found a number of major faults with the system, concluding it was "neither mature nor stable".<ref name=defensenews>{{cite web\|last1=Judson\|first1=Jen\|title=Army falls behind with new anti-missile command system\|url=http://www.defensenews.com/articles/army-falls-behind-bringing-new-missile-defense-command-system-online\|publisher=[[Defense News]]\|date=February 6, 2017}}{{dead link\|date=August 2021\|bot=medic}}{{cbignore\|bot=medic}}</ref>

2600:8800:3123:4800:5047:57F:1AC4:BCA8: Fixed grammar

2024-09-01T10:04:35Z

Fixed grammar

← Previous revision		Revision as of 10:04, 1 September 2024
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	==History==		==History==
	[[File:Northrop Grumman.svg\|thumb\|Company logo used from 1994 to 2020]]		[[File:Northrop Grumman.svg\|thumb\|Company logo used from 1994 to 2020]]
	[[File:P-61bs on assembly line - Northrop - 1944.jpg\|thumb\|right\|The [[assembly line]] for [[Northrop P-61 Black Widow]]s at the Northrop plant in [[Hawthorne, California]] in World War II. Center wings and fuselages take shape on the left, with more nearly finished airplanes on the right.<ref>Parker 2013, pp. 93–94.</ref>]]		[[File:P-61bs on assembly line - Northrop - 1944.jpg\|thumb\|right\|The [[assembly line]] for [[Northrop P-61 Black Widow]]s at the Northrop plant in [[Hawthorne, California]], in World War II. Center wings and fuselages take shape on the left, with more nearly finished airplanes on the right.<ref>Parker 2013, pp. 93–94.</ref>]]

	Northrop Grumman can trace its lineage back to the beginning of the 20th century when the Grumman Corporation was founded on [[Long Island]], New York. Here, Leroy R. Grumman established the Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation in December 1929.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book \|last=Society \|first=American Astronautical \|title=Space Exploration and Humanity: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]: A Historical Encyclopedia \|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group \|year=2010 \|isbn=978-1-85109-519-3 \|location=Westport, CT \|pages=501 \|language=en}}</ref> By 1939, the company has expanded and relocated to Bethpage, New York.<ref name=":1" /> During [[World War II]] the company built all American Navy aircraft. After the war it branched out into making the first [[aluminum]] [[canoe]]s using left-over materials no longer needed for aircraft. Later the firm created a myriad of products such as [[ballistic missile]]s, all-weather radars, the [[Apollo Lunar Module]], land and sea-based [[fighter aircraft]] and [[Stealth bomber]]s.<ref name="northropgrumman.com3">{{Cite web \|url=http://www.northropgrumman.com/AboutUs/OurHeritage/Pages/default.aspx \|title=Our Heritage \|access-date=February 10, 2019 \|archive-date=February 23, 2013 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130223052513/http://www.northropgrumman.com/AboutUs/OurHeritage/Pages/default.aspx \|url-status=dead }}</ref>		Northrop Grumman can trace its lineage back to the beginning of the 20th century when the Grumman Corporation was founded on [[Long Island]], New York. Here, Leroy R. Grumman established the Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation in December 1929.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book \|last=Society \|first=American Astronautical \|title=Space Exploration and Humanity: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]: A Historical Encyclopedia \|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group \|year=2010 \|isbn=978-1-85109-519-3 \|location=Westport, CT \|pages=501 \|language=en}}</ref> By 1939, the company has expanded and relocated to Bethpage, New York.<ref name=":1" /> During [[World War II]] the company built all American Navy aircraft. After the war it branched out into making the first [[aluminum]] [[canoe]]s using left-over materials no longer needed for aircraft. Later the firm created a myriad of products such as [[ballistic missile]]s, all-weather radars, the [[Apollo Lunar Module]], land and sea-based [[fighter aircraft]] and [[Stealth bomber]]s.<ref name="northropgrumman.com3">{{Cite web \|url=http://www.northropgrumman.com/AboutUs/OurHeritage/Pages/default.aspx \|title=Our Heritage \|access-date=February 10, 2019 \|archive-date=February 23, 2013 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130223052513/http://www.northropgrumman.com/AboutUs/OurHeritage/Pages/default.aspx \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

← Previous revision		Revision as of 23:45, 18 September 2024
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	[[File:P-61bs on assembly line - Northrop - 1944.jpg\|thumb\|right\|The [[assembly line]] for [[Northrop P-61 Black Widow]]s at the Northrop plant in [[Hawthorne, California]], in World War II. Center wings and fuselages take shape on the left, with more nearly finished airplanes on the right.<ref>Parker 2013, pp. 93–94.</ref>]]		[[File:P-61bs on assembly line - Northrop - 1944.jpg\|thumb\|right\|The [[assembly line]] for [[Northrop P-61 Black Widow]]s at the Northrop plant in [[Hawthorne, California]], in World War II. Center wings and fuselages take shape on the left, with more nearly finished airplanes on the right.<ref>Parker 2013, pp. 93–94.</ref>]]

	Northrop Grumman can trace its lineage back to the beginning of the 20th century when the Grumman Corporation was founded on [[Long Island]], New York. Here, Leroy R. Grumman established the Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation in December 1929.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book \|last=Society \|first=American Astronautical \|title=Space Exploration and Humanity: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]: A Historical Encyclopedia \|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group \|year=2010 \|isbn=978-1-85109-519-3 \|location=Westport, CT \|pages=501 \|language=en}}</ref> By 1939, the company has expanded and relocated to Bethpage, New York.<ref name=":1" /> During [[World War II]] the company built ~~all~~ ~~American~~ Navy aircraft. After the war it branched out into making the first [[aluminum]] [[canoe]]s using left-over materials no longer needed for aircraft. Later the firm created a myriad of products such as [[ballistic missile]]s, all-weather radars, the [[Apollo Lunar Module]], land and sea-based [[fighter aircraft]] and [[Stealth bomber]]s.<ref name="northropgrumman.com3">{{Cite web \|url=http://www.northropgrumman.com/AboutUs/OurHeritage/Pages/default.aspx \|title=Our Heritage \|access-date=February 10, 2019 \|archive-date=February 23, 2013 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130223052513/http://www.northropgrumman.com/AboutUs/OurHeritage/Pages/default.aspx \|url-status=dead }}</ref>		Northrop Grumman can trace its lineage back to the beginning of the 20th century when the Grumman Corporation was founded on [[Long Island]], New York. Here, Leroy R. Grumman established the Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation in December 1929.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book \|last=Society \|first=American Astronautical \|title=Space Exploration and Humanity: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]: A Historical Encyclopedia \|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group \|year=2010 \|isbn=978-1-85109-519-3 \|location=Westport, CT \|pages=501 \|language=en}}</ref> By 1939, the company has expanded and relocated to Bethpage, New York.<ref name=":1" /> During [[World War II]] the company built most US Navy aircraft. After the war it branched out into making the first [[aluminum]] [[canoe]]s using left-over materials no longer needed for aircraft. Later the firm created a myriad of products such as [[ballistic missile]]s, all-weather radars, the [[Apollo Lunar Module]], land and sea-based [[fighter aircraft]] and [[Stealth bomber]]s.<ref name="northropgrumman.com3">{{Cite web \|url=http://www.northropgrumman.com/AboutUs/OurHeritage/Pages/default.aspx \|title=Our Heritage \|access-date=February 10, 2019 \|archive-date=February 23, 2013 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130223052513/http://www.northropgrumman.com/AboutUs/OurHeritage/Pages/default.aspx \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

	Founded in California in 1939 by [[Jack Northrop]], the [[Northrop Corporation]] was reincorporated in Delaware in 1985.<ref>Parker 2013, pp. 25, 93.</ref> Northrop made a series of light-weight fighter aircraft such as the [[Northrop F-5\|F-5]], [[Northrop YF-17\|YF-17]], and [[Northrop F-20 Tigershark\|F-20.]] However, Northrop was best known for it experimental flying wing aircraft, the [[Northrop YB-35\|XB-35]] and [[Northrop YB-49\|YB-49]] of the late 1940s and early 1950s. These flying wing aircraft, while unsuccessful, would pave the way for the [[Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit\|B-2 Spirit]] Stealth Bomber, on which Northrop was the prime contractor.<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Sweetman \|first=Bill \|title=Inside the Stealth Bomber \|publisher=MBI Publishing Company \|year=1999 \|isbn=0-7603-0627-3 \|location=Osceola, Wi, USA \|publication-date=1999 \|pages=19–33 \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book \|last=Coleman \|first=Ted \|title=Jack Northrop and the Flying Wing \|publisher=Paragon House Publishing \|year=1988 \|isbn=1-55778-079-X \|location=New York, NY \|pages=228–242 \|language=English}}</ref> After the end of the [[Cold War]], Northrop made a series of acquisitions, buying [[Grumman\|Grumman Aerospace]], Westinghouse and [[TRW Inc.]] in addition to a number of other enterprises.<ref name="northropgrumman.com3"/> In 2018, Northrop Grumman completed the purchase of Orbital ATK, which has since been renamed to [[Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems]]. Northrop Grumman is one of the largest defense contractors in the world.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/lockheed-martin-general-dynamics-northrop-grumman-boeing-18356\|title=Lockheed Martin, General Dynamics, Northrop Grumman, Boeing and Raytheon: America's 5 Top Defense Contractors \|first=Dave \|last=Majumdar \|date=November 10, 2016 \|website=The National Interest \|access-date=February 11, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.reuters.com/finance/stocks/company-profile/NOC.N \|title=${Instrument_CompanyName} ${Instrument_Ric} Company Profile - Reuters.com \|website= Reuters.com \|access-date=February 11, 2019}}</ref>		Founded in California in 1939 by [[Jack Northrop]], the [[Northrop Corporation]] was reincorporated in Delaware in 1985.<ref>Parker 2013, pp. 25, 93.</ref> Northrop made a series of light-weight fighter aircraft such as the [[Northrop F-5\|F-5]], [[Northrop YF-17\|YF-17]], and [[Northrop F-20 Tigershark\|F-20.]] However, Northrop was best known for it experimental flying wing aircraft, the [[Northrop YB-35\|XB-35]] and [[Northrop YB-49\|YB-49]] of the late 1940s and early 1950s. These flying wing aircraft, while unsuccessful, would pave the way for the [[Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit\|B-2 Spirit]] Stealth Bomber, on which Northrop was the prime contractor.<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Sweetman \|first=Bill \|title=Inside the Stealth Bomber \|publisher=MBI Publishing Company \|year=1999 \|isbn=0-7603-0627-3 \|location=Osceola, Wi, USA \|publication-date=1999 \|pages=19–33 \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book \|last=Coleman \|first=Ted \|title=Jack Northrop and the Flying Wing \|publisher=Paragon House Publishing \|year=1988 \|isbn=1-55778-079-X \|location=New York, NY \|pages=228–242 \|language=English}}</ref> After the end of the [[Cold War]], Northrop made a series of acquisitions, buying [[Grumman\|Grumman Aerospace]], Westinghouse and [[TRW Inc.]] in addition to a number of other enterprises.<ref name="northropgrumman.com3"/> In 2018, Northrop Grumman completed the purchase of Orbital ATK, which has since been renamed to [[Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems]]. Northrop Grumman is one of the largest defense contractors in the world.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/lockheed-martin-general-dynamics-northrop-grumman-boeing-18356\|title=Lockheed Martin, General Dynamics, Northrop Grumman, Boeing and Raytheon: America's 5 Top Defense Contractors \|first=Dave \|last=Majumdar \|date=November 10, 2016 \|website=The National Interest \|access-date=February 11, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.reuters.com/finance/stocks/company-profile/NOC.N \|title=${Instrument_CompanyName} ${Instrument_Ric} Company Profile - Reuters.com \|website= Reuters.com \|access-date=February 11, 2019}}</ref>

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	Since 2011, Northrop Grumman's headquarters are in [[West Falls Church, Virginia]] (previously Jefferson), [[unincorporated area\|unincorporated]] [[Fairfax County, Virginia]].<!--Cited below--><ref name="NewHQ">"[http://www.irconnect.com/noc/press/pages/news_releases.html?d=196171 Northrop Grumman Selects Falls Church Location for New Corporate Office (NYSE:NOC)]." Northrop Grumman. July 12, 2010. Retrieved: September 6, 2011. "[...]2980 Fairview Park Drive, Falls Church, Va.[...]"</ref><ref>"[http://www.northropgrumman.com/locations/index.html "Company Locations: Northrop Grumman Corporation 2980 Fairview Park Drive Falls Church, VA 22042."] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120114952/http://www.northropgrumman.com/locations/index.html \|date=January 20, 2013 }} ''Northrop Grumman''. Retrieved: September 6, 2011.</ref>		Since 2011, Northrop Grumman's headquarters are in [[West Falls Church, Virginia]] (previously Jefferson), [[unincorporated area\|unincorporated]] [[Fairfax County, Virginia]].<!--Cited below--><ref name="NewHQ">"[http://www.irconnect.com/noc/press/pages/news_releases.html?d=196171 Northrop Grumman Selects Falls Church Location for New Corporate Office (NYSE:NOC)]." Northrop Grumman. July 12, 2010. Retrieved: September 6, 2011. "[...]2980 Fairview Park Drive, Falls Church, Va.[...]"</ref><ref>"[http://www.northropgrumman.com/locations/index.html "Company Locations: Northrop Grumman Corporation 2980 Fairview Park Drive Falls Church, VA 22042."] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120114952/http://www.northropgrumman.com/locations/index.html \|date=January 20, 2013 }} ''Northrop Grumman''. Retrieved: September 6, 2011.</ref>

	Prior to 2010, the company was headquartered in [[Century City, Los Angeles]],<ref>"[http://www.northropgrumman.com/locations/index.html Company Locations] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120114952/http://www.northropgrumman.com/locations/index.html \|date=January 20, 2013 }}." ''Northrop Grumman''. Retrieved May 12, 2009.</ref> but announced plans on January 4, 2010, to move to the [[Washington Metropolitan Area]] by 2011<ref>"[http://voices.washingtonpost.com/economy-watch/2010/01/northrop_grumman_moving_hq_to.html?wpisrc=newsletter The Ticker]." ''The Washington Post'', January 4, 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2010.</ref> to be closer to government customers.<ref name="CroweMove">Crowe, Deborah. "[http://www.labusinessjournal.com/article.asp?aID=143693 Northrop to Move Corporate Office to D.C.]{{dead link\|date=July 2011}}." ''[[Los Angeles Business Journal]]''. January 4, 2010. Retrieved January 10, 2010.</ref> CEO Wesley Bush stated that the company needed to be located close to [[Capitol Hill]] lawmakers and officials from intelligence and military communities.<ref name="ProctorFlew">Proctor, Charles. "[http://www.labusinessjournal.com Northrop Flew Under the Radar]." ''[[Los Angeles Business Journal]]''. January 11, 2010. Retrieved: January 10, 2010.{{subscription required}}</ref> Northrop Grumman considered sites in [[Washington, D.C.]], and in suburbs in [[Maryland]] and [[Virginia]].<ref name="CroweMove"/> The ''[[Los Angeles Business Journal]]'' wrote "In a way, the announcement was not a surprise" due to the trend of aerospace companies moving to the DC area, the fact that the new CEO is from West Virginia and that CEOs often move corporate headquarters to places that they want the headquarters located. A Los Angeles area economic development consultant described the move announcement as a "structural failure at all levels for Los Angeles County."<ref name="ProctorFlew"/>		Prior to 2010, the company was headquartered in [[Century City, Los Angeles]],<ref>"[http://www.northropgrumman.com/locations/index.html Company Locations] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120114952/http://www.northropgrumman.com/locations/index.html \|date=January 20, 2013 }}." ''Northrop Grumman''. Retrieved May 12, 2009.</ref> but announced plans on January 4, 2010, to move to the [[Washington Metropolitan Area]] by 2011<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20120918120247/http://voices.washingtonpost.com/economy-watch/2010/01/northrop_grumman_moving_hq_to.html?wpisrc=newsletter The Ticker]." ''The Washington Post'', January 4, 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2010.</ref> to be closer to government customers.<ref name="CroweMove">Crowe, Deborah. "[http://www.labusinessjournal.com/article.asp?aID=143693 Northrop to Move Corporate Office to D.C.]{{dead link\|date=July 2011}}." ''[[Los Angeles Business Journal]]''. January 4, 2010. Retrieved January 10, 2010.</ref> CEO Wesley Bush stated that the company needed to be located close to [[Capitol Hill]] lawmakers and officials from intelligence and military communities.<ref name="ProctorFlew">Proctor, Charles. "[http://www.labusinessjournal.com Northrop Flew Under the Radar]." ''[[Los Angeles Business Journal]]''. January 11, 2010. Retrieved: January 10, 2010.{{subscription required}}</ref> Northrop Grumman considered sites in [[Washington, D.C.]], and in suburbs in [[Maryland]] and [[Virginia]].<ref name="CroweMove"/> The ''[[Los Angeles Business Journal]]'' wrote "In a way, the announcement was not a surprise" due to the trend of aerospace companies moving to the DC area, the fact that the new CEO is from West Virginia and that CEOs often move corporate headquarters to places that they want the headquarters located. A Los Angeles area economic development consultant described the move announcement as a "structural failure at all levels for Los Angeles County."<ref name="ProctorFlew"/>

	District of Columbia economic development officials were "pitching the city's urban hipness and proximity to Capitol Hill power brokers" to Northrop Grumman. Maryland promoted its highly educated workforce and its large number of federal facilities, while Virginia marketed itself as a state with relatively low taxes.<ref>Haynes, V. Dion. [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/01/10/AR2010011002250.html "D.C. area jurisdictions vie to become the new home of Northrop Grumman headquarters."] ''[[Washington Post]]'', January 11, 2010. Retrieved: February 13, 2010.</ref>		District of Columbia economic development officials were "pitching the city's urban hipness and proximity to Capitol Hill power brokers" to Northrop Grumman. Maryland promoted its highly educated workforce and its large number of federal facilities, while Virginia marketed itself as a state with relatively low taxes.<ref>Haynes, V. Dion. [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/01/10/AR2010011002250.html "D.C. area jurisdictions vie to become the new home of Northrop Grumman headquarters."] ''[[Washington Post]]'', January 11, 2010. Retrieved: February 13, 2010.</ref>
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	In 2003, the company was sued for overcharging the U.S. government for space projects in the 1990s.<ref name="cw">{{cite news \|first=Renae \|last=Merle \|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/382495171.html?dids=382495171:382495171&FMT=ABS \|title=Northrop Settles Billing Case: Shipbuilding Unit Allegedly Overbilled U.S. by $72 Million \|newspaper=The Washington Post \|date=August 9, 2003 \|access-date=April 4, 2006 \|archive-date=March 9, 2012 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309143816/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/382495171.html?dids=382495171:382495171&FMT=ABS \|url-status=dead }}</ref> Northrop Grumman paid $111.2 million to settle out of court.<ref name="TRW Press Release">[http://www.phillipsandcohen.com/2003/Northrop-Grumman-pays-111-million-to-settle-qui-tam-case-against-recent-acquisition-TRW.shtml "Northrop Grumman pays $111 million to settle qui tam case against recent acquisition, TRW."] ''Phillips and Cohen Press Release'', June 9, 2003.</ref>		In 2003, the company was sued for overcharging the U.S. government for space projects in the 1990s.<ref name="cw">{{cite news \|first=Renae \|last=Merle \|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/382495171.html?dids=382495171:382495171&FMT=ABS \|title=Northrop Settles Billing Case: Shipbuilding Unit Allegedly Overbilled U.S. by $72 Million \|newspaper=The Washington Post \|date=August 9, 2003 \|access-date=April 4, 2006 \|archive-date=March 9, 2012 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309143816/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/382495171.html?dids=382495171:382495171&FMT=ABS \|url-status=dead }}</ref> Northrop Grumman paid $111.2 million to settle out of court.<ref name="TRW Press Release">[http://www.phillipsandcohen.com/2003/Northrop-Grumman-pays-111-million-to-settle-qui-tam-case-against-recent-acquisition-TRW.shtml "Northrop Grumman pays $111 million to settle qui tam case against recent acquisition, TRW."] ''Phillips and Cohen Press Release'', June 9, 2003.</ref>

	From August 25 to September 2, 2010, [[Virginia]]'s computer system operated by NG, under a $2.4 billion contract, experienced an outage which resulted in around 45,000 citizens not being able to renew their drivers licenses prior to their expiration. Computer systems for 26 of the state's 89 agencies were affected and Governor [[Bob McDonnell]] announced that some data may have been permanently lost.<ref>{{cite news \|title=Computer crash has tech world watching \|author1=Helderman, Rosalind \|author2=Anita Kumar \|date=September 2, 2010 \|newspaper=The Washington Post \|page=B1}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|url=http://voices.washingtonpost.com/virginiapolitics/2010/09/giv_bob_mcdonnell_r_there.html\|title=McDonnell: Some data may be lost as a result of computer outage \|date=September 2, 2010 \|first=Anita \|last=Kumar \|access-date=September 3, 2010 \|newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref> In 2010 Northrop Grumman apologized for the outage, and agreed to fund an investigation.		From August 25 to September 2, 2010, [[Virginia]]'s computer system operated by NG, under a $2.4 billion contract, experienced an outage which resulted in around 45,000 citizens not being able to renew their drivers licenses prior to their expiration. Computer systems for 26 of the state's 89 agencies were affected and Governor [[Bob McDonnell]] announced that some data may have been permanently lost.<ref>{{cite news \|title=Computer crash has tech world watching \|author1=Helderman, Rosalind \|author2=Anita Kumar \|date=September 2, 2010 \|newspaper=The Washington Post \|page=B1}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|url=http://voices.washingtonpost.com/virginiapolitics/2010/09/giv_bob_mcdonnell_r_there.html\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927011626/http://voices.washingtonpost.com/virginiapolitics/2010/09/giv_bob_mcdonnell_r_there.html\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=September 27, 2011\|title=McDonnell: Some data may be lost as a result of computer outage \|date=September 2, 2010 \|first=Anita \|last=Kumar \|access-date=September 3, 2010 \|newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref> In 2010 Northrop Grumman apologized for the outage, and agreed to fund an investigation.

	In 2012, controversy began over Northrop Grumman's [[Integrated Air and Missile Defense Battle Command System]] (IBCS), when it missed its first deadline. Since then, the system has had a number of controversial developments.<ref name=history>{{cite web\|last1=Kiley\|first1=Gregory T.\|title=Congress and the Administration Must Reassess Failing Missile Defense Programs\|url=http://www.realcleardefense.com/articles/2017/05/17/failing_missile_defense_programs_111398.html\|publisher=RealClearDefense\|date=May 17, 2017}}</ref> In 2016, a [[Director, Operational Test and Evaluation]] found a number of major faults with the system, concluding it was "neither mature nor stable".<ref name=defensenews>{{cite web\|last1=Judson\|first1=Jen\|title=Army falls behind with new anti-missile command system\|url=http://www.defensenews.com/articles/army-falls-behind-bringing-new-missile-defense-command-system-online\|publisher=[[Defense News]]\|date=February 6, 2017}}{{dead link\|date=August 2021\|bot=medic}}{{cbignore\|bot=medic}}</ref>		In 2012, controversy began over Northrop Grumman's [[Integrated Air and Missile Defense Battle Command System]] (IBCS), when it missed its first deadline. Since then, the system has had a number of controversial developments.<ref name=history>{{cite web\|last1=Kiley\|first1=Gregory T.\|title=Congress and the Administration Must Reassess Failing Missile Defense Programs\|url=http://www.realcleardefense.com/articles/2017/05/17/failing_missile_defense_programs_111398.html\|publisher=RealClearDefense\|date=May 17, 2017}}</ref> In 2016, a [[Director, Operational Test and Evaluation]] found a number of major faults with the system, concluding it was "neither mature nor stable".<ref name=defensenews>{{cite web\|last1=Judson\|first1=Jen\|title=Army falls behind with new anti-missile command system\|url=http://www.defensenews.com/articles/army-falls-behind-bringing-new-missile-defense-command-system-online\|publisher=[[Defense News]]\|date=February 6, 2017}}{{dead link\|date=August 2021\|bot=medic}}{{cbignore\|bot=medic}}</ref>