Qaanaaq - Revision history

OgamD218: Added links

2024-11-08T08:20:43Z

Added links

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	In 1818, Sir [[John Ross (Royal Navy officer)\|John Ross]]'s expedition made first contact with nomadic [[Inuktun]] (Polar Eskimos) in the area. [[James Saunders (naval commander)\|James Saunders]]'s expedition aboard [[HMS North Star (1824)\|HMS ''North Star'']] was marooned in [[North Star Bay]] 1849–50 and named landmarks.<ref name="RN">{{Cite web\|url=https://beyondthebackyard.com/2014/09/03/icy-imprisonment-the-1849-voyage-of-the-hms-north-star/\|title=Icy Imprisonment: The 1849 Voyage of the HMS North Star\|date=3 September 2014}}</ref> [[Robert Peary]] built a support station by a protected harbor at the foot of iconic [[Mount Dundas]] in 1892. It served as a base camp for his expeditions and attracted a permanent population. In 1910 explorers [[Knud Rasmussen]] and [[Peter Freuchen]] established a missionary and trading post there. They called the site "Thule" after classical ''[[Thule\|ultima Thule]]''; the Inuit called it ''Umanaq'' ("heart-shaped"), and the site is commonly called "Dundas" today. The United States abandoned its [[Proposals for the United States to purchase Greenland\|territorial claims in the area]] in 1917 in connection with the purchase of the [[United States Virgin Islands\|Virgin Islands]]. Denmark assumed control of the village in 1937.		In 1818, Sir [[John Ross (Royal Navy officer)\|John Ross]]'s expedition made first contact with nomadic [[Inuktun]] (Polar Eskimos) in the area. [[James Saunders (naval commander)\|James Saunders]]'s expedition aboard [[HMS North Star (1824)\|HMS ''North Star'']] was marooned in [[North Star Bay]] 1849–50 and named landmarks.<ref name="RN">{{Cite web\|url=https://beyondthebackyard.com/2014/09/03/icy-imprisonment-the-1849-voyage-of-the-hms-north-star/\|title=Icy Imprisonment: The 1849 Voyage of the HMS North Star\|date=3 September 2014}}</ref> [[Robert Peary]] built a support station by a protected harbor at the foot of iconic [[Mount Dundas]] in 1892. It served as a base camp for his expeditions and attracted a permanent population. In 1910 explorers [[Knud Rasmussen]] and [[Peter Freuchen]] established a missionary and trading post there. They called the site "Thule" after classical ''[[Thule\|ultima Thule]]''; the Inuit called it ''Umanaq'' ("heart-shaped"), and the site is commonly called "Dundas" today. The United States abandoned its [[Proposals for the United States to purchase Greenland\|territorial claims in the area]] in 1917 in connection with the purchase of the [[United States Virgin Islands\|Virgin Islands]]. Denmark assumed control of the village in 1937.

	A cluster of huts known as [[Pituffik]] ("the place the dogs are tied") stood on the wide plain where the base was built in 1951. (A main base street was named Pituffik Boulevard.) The affected locals moved to Thule. However, in 1953 the USAF planned to construct an air defense site near that village, and in order to prevent contact with soldiers in a way deemed "unhealthy", the Danish government forcibly relocated "Old Thule" with about 130 inhabitants to a newly constructed, modern village {{convert\|60\|mi\|km}} north, known as Qaanaaq, or "New Thule". In a Danish Supreme Court judgment of 28 November 2003 the move was considered an expropriative intervention. During the proceedings it was recognized by the Danish government that the movement was a serious interference and an unlawful act against the local population. The Thule tribe was awarded damages of 500,000 kroner, and the individual members of the tribe who had been exposed to the transfer were granted compensation of 15,000 or 25,000 each. A Danish radio station continued to operate at Dundas, and the abandoned houses remained. The USAF only used that site for about a decade, and it has since returned to civilian use.		A cluster of huts known as [[Pituffik]] ("the place the dogs are tied") stood on the wide plain where the base was built in 1951. (A main base street was named Pituffik Boulevard.) The affected locals moved to Thule. However, in 1953 the USAF planned to construct an air defense site near that village, and in order to prevent contact with soldiers in a way deemed "unhealthy", the Danish government forcibly relocated "Old Thule" with about 130 inhabitants to a newly constructed, modern village {{convert\|60\|mi\|km}} north, known as Qaanaaq, or "New Thule". In a [[Supreme Court (Denmark)\|Danish Supreme Court]] judgment of 28 November 2003 the move was considered an expropriative intervention. During the proceedings it was recognized by the Danish government that the movement was a serious interference and an unlawful act against the local population. The Thule tribe was awarded damages of 500,000 kroner, and the individual members of the tribe who had been exposed to the transfer were granted compensation of 15,000 or 25,000 each. A Danish radio station continued to operate at Dundas, and the abandoned houses remained. The USAF only used that site for about a decade, and it has since returned to civilian use.

	Knud Rasmussen was the first to recognize the Pituffik plain as ideal for an airport. USAAF Colonel [[Bernt Balchen]], who built [[Sondrestrom Air Base]], knew Rasmussen and his idea. Balchen led a flight of two [[Consolidated PBY Catalina]] flying boats to Thule on 24 August 1942 and then sent a report advocating an air base to [[USAAF]] chief [[Henry "Hap" Arnold]]. However, the 1951 air base site is a few miles inland from the original 1946 airstrip and across the bay from the historical Thule settlement, to which it is connected by an ice road. The joint Danish-American defense area, designated by treaty, also occupies considerable inland territory in addition to the air base itself.<ref>		Knud Rasmussen was the first to recognize the Pituffik plain as ideal for an airport. USAAF Colonel [[Bernt Balchen]], who built [[Sondrestrom Air Base]], knew Rasmussen and his idea. Balchen led a flight of two [[Consolidated PBY Catalina]] flying boats to Thule on 24 August 1942 and then sent a report advocating an air base to [[USAAF]] chief [[Henry "Hap" Arnold]]. However, the 1951 air base site is a few miles inland from the original 1946 airstrip and across the bay from the historical Thule settlement, to which it is connected by an ice road. The joint Danish-American defense area, designated by treaty, also occupies considerable inland territory in addition to the air base itself.<ref>

ThaGreenlander: Updated timezone to show timezone name & that DST is followed in this area.

2024-10-12T16:42:27Z

Updated timezone to show timezone name & that DST is followed in this area.

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	\| access-date = 6 September 2013		\| access-date = 6 September 2013
	}}</ref>		}}</ref>
			\| timezone1 = [[Western Greenland Time]]
	\| timezone = [[UTC-02]]<ref name="auto">{{Cite web\|url=https://visitgreenland.com/new-time-zone/\|title=What time is it in Greenland?\|website= visitgreenland.com}}</ref>
			\| utc_offset1 = −02:00
			\| timezone1_DST = [[Western Greenland Summer Time]]
			\| utc_offset1_DST = −01:00
	\| coordinates = {{coord\|77\|28\|00\|N\|69\|13\|50\|W\|region:GL\|display=inline,title}}		\| coordinates = {{coord\|77\|28\|00\|N\|69\|13\|50\|W\|region:GL\|display=inline,title}}
	\| postal_code_type = Postal code		\| postal_code_type = Postal code

Yue: fixed dashes using User:Ohconfucius/dashes.js

2024-05-31T08:16:49Z

fixed dashes using User:Ohconfucius/dashes.js

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	[[Air Greenland]] operates [[fixed-wing aircraft]] services between [[Qaanaaq Airport]] and [[Upernavik Airport]], with further connections to [[Ilulissat Airport]] and [[Qaarsut Airport]]. Settlement flights operate to [[Siorapaluk]], sporadically to [[Moriusaq]], and to [[Savissivik]] via Pituffik Space Base.<ref name="book">{{cite web\|url=http://book.airgreenland.com/ \|publisher=Air Greenland \|title=Booking system \|access-date=9 June 2010 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100422211033/http://book.airgreenland.com/ \|archive-date=22 April 2010 }}</ref>		[[Air Greenland]] operates [[fixed-wing aircraft]] services between [[Qaanaaq Airport]] and [[Upernavik Airport]], with further connections to [[Ilulissat Airport]] and [[Qaarsut Airport]]. Settlement flights operate to [[Siorapaluk]], sporadically to [[Moriusaq]], and to [[Savissivik]] via Pituffik Space Base.<ref name="book">{{cite web\|url=http://book.airgreenland.com/ \|publisher=Air Greenland \|title=Booking system \|access-date=9 June 2010 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100422211033/http://book.airgreenland.com/ \|archive-date=22 April 2010 }}</ref>

	There are a few unpaved dirt roads in Qaanaaq. Only one road leaves the town — it connects to [[Qaanaaq Airport]]. Pickup trucks and SUVs are found in Qaanaaq, but skis, [[dogsled]]s and walking are better alternatives for getting around.<ref>[http://www.greenland.com/en/explore-greenland/nordgroenland/qaanaaq/practical-info.aspx Practical info - The Official Tourism Site of Greenland]</ref>		There are a few unpaved dirt roads in Qaanaaq. Only one road leaves the town — it connects to [[Qaanaaq Airport]]. Pickup trucks and SUVs are found in Qaanaaq, but skis, [[dogsled]]s and walking are better alternatives for getting around.<ref>[http://www.greenland.com/en/explore-greenland/nordgroenland/qaanaaq/practical-info.aspx Practical info – The Official Tourism Site of Greenland]</ref>

	==Medical and emergency services==		==Medical and emergency services==
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	{{Weather box		{{Weather box
	\| location = Qaanaaq (~~1995-2020~~)		\| location = Qaanaaq (1995–2020)
	\| metric first = yes		\| metric first = yes
	\| single line = yes		\| single line = yes
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	\| Dec sun = 0		\| Dec sun = 0
	\| year sun = 1648		\| year sun = 1648
	\| source 1 = [[NOAA]] (precipitation, precipitation days and sunshine ~~1961-1990~~)<ref name = NOAA1>{{cite web		\| source 1 = [[NOAA]] (precipitation, precipitation days and sunshine 1961–1990)<ref name = NOAA1>{{cite web
	\| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1961-1990/RA-VI/GL/04202.TXT		\| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1961-1990/RA-VI/GL/04202.TXT
	\| title = Thule Air Base Climate Normals ~~1961-1990~~		\| title = Thule Air Base Climate Normals 1961–1990
	\| publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]		\| publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]
	\| access-date = 14 February 2013}}</ref><ref name = NOAA2>{{cite web		\| access-date = 14 February 2013}}</ref><ref name = NOAA2>{{cite web
	\| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1961-1990/RA-VI/GL/00034204.TXT		\| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1961-1990/RA-VI/GL/00034204.TXT
	\| title = Thule Climate Normals ~~1961-1990~~		\| title = Thule Climate Normals 1961–1990
	\| publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]		\| publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]
	\| access-date = 14 February 2013}}</ref>		\| access-date = 14 February 2013}}</ref>
	\| source 2 = [[Danish Meteorological Institute]] (temperatures and humidity ~~1995-2020~~)<ref name="DMI">{{cite web \|url=https://www.dmi.dk/fileadmin/Rapporter/2021/DMI_report_21_12_Greenland.pdf \|title=Climatological Standard Normals ~~1991-2020~~ - Greenland \|website=www.dmi.dk \|access-date=14 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=https://ogimet.com/cgi-bin/gsynres?ind=04205&ano=2021&mes=12&day=21&hora=12&min=0&ndays=30\|title= 04205: Mittarfik Qaanaaq (Greenland)\|author=<!--Not stated--> \|date= 20 December 2021\|website=ogimet.com \|publisher=OGIMET \|access-date= 21 December 2021\|quote=}}</ref>		\| source 2 = [[Danish Meteorological Institute]] (temperatures and humidity 1995–2020)<ref name="DMI">{{cite web \|url=https://www.dmi.dk/fileadmin/Rapporter/2021/DMI_report_21_12_Greenland.pdf \|title=Climatological Standard Normals 1991–2020 – Greenland \|website=www.dmi.dk \|access-date=14 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=https://ogimet.com/cgi-bin/gsynres?ind=04205&ano=2021&mes=12&day=21&hora=12&min=0&ndays=30\|title= 04205: Mittarfik Qaanaaq (Greenland)\|author=<!--Not stated--> \|date= 20 December 2021\|website=ogimet.com \|publisher=OGIMET \|access-date= 21 December 2021\|quote=}}</ref>
	\| date = August 2010		\| date = August 2010
	\| source =		\| source =

139.184.180.34 at 19:30, 28 April 2024

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	'''Qaanaaq''' ({{IPA-kl\|qaːnɑːq}}), formerly known as '''Thule''' or '''New Thule''', is the main town in the northern part of the [[Avannaata]] municipality in northwestern [[Greenland]]. The town has a population of 646 as of 2020.<ref name="stat2020"/> The population was forcibly relocated from its former, traditional home, which was [[Eminent domain\|expropriated]] for the construction of [[Thule Air Base\|a United States Air Force base]] in 1953. The inhabitants of Qaanaaq speak the local [[Inuktun language]] and many also speak [[Greenlandic language\|Kalaallisut]] and [[Danish language\|Danish]].		'''Qaanaaq''' ({{IPA-kl\|qaːnɑːq}}), formerly known as '''Thule''' or '''New Thule''', is the main town in the northern part of the [[Avannaata]] municipality in northwestern [[Greenland]]. The town has a population of 646 as of 2020.<ref name="stat2020"/> The population was forcibly relocated from its former, traditional home, which was [[Eminent domain\|expropriated]] for the construction of [[Thule Air Base\|a United States Air Force base]] in 1953. The inhabitants of Qaanaaq speak the local [[Inuktun language]] and many also speak [[Greenlandic language\|Kalaallisut]] and [[Danish language\|Danish]].

	Qaanaaq is one of the [[northernmost cities and towns\|northernmost towns]] in the world. It is the northernmost major town ~~in Greenland~~ and the third northernmost public settlement ~~in the territory~~, after nearby [[Qeqertat]] and [[Siorapaluk]].		Qaanaaq is one of the [[northernmost cities and towns\|northernmost towns]] in the world. Within Greenland, it is the northernmost major town and the third northernmost public settlement, after nearby [[Qeqertat]] and [[Siorapaluk]].

	==Geography==		==Geography==

R3troguy420: /* Geography */ Inuit is plural, the singular form is Inuk both in English and in the Inuit languages.

2024-04-11T20:05:12Z

Geography: Inuit is plural, the singular form is Inuk both in English and in the Inuit languages.

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	== History ==		== History ==
	[[File:Inuit man demonstrates traditional kayaking technique used for hunting on narwhals.jpg\|thumb\|left\|An [[Inuit]] man demonstrates [[kayak]]ing techniques in the waters off Qaanaaq.<!--see talk page discussion-->]]		[[File:Inuit man demonstrates traditional kayaking technique used for hunting on narwhals.jpg\|thumb\|left\|An [[Inuit\|Inuk]] man demonstrates [[kayak]]ing techniques in the waters off Qaanaaq.<!--see talk page discussion-->]]
	The Qaanaaq area in northern Greenland was first settled around 2000 BCE by [[Paleo-Eskimo]]s migrating from the Canadian Arctic.<ref>Fortescue, Michael. ''Language Relations Across Bering Strait: Reappraising the Archaeological and Linguistic Evidence''. Open Linguistic Press, Cassell, 1998. {{ISBN\|0-304-70330-3}}</ref> These people were displaced by the [[Thule culture]] which followed the same migration route around 1100 CE. By 1600, climatic effects of the [[Little Ice Age]] caused the semi-nomadic Thule culture in Greenland to fragment into isolated groups, with inhabitants of the northwest diverging as the [[Inughuit]]. As they lost access to open water due to thickening sea ice, they lost the ability to build boats and had limited hunting opportunities.<ref name="Dick">{{cite book		The Qaanaaq area in northern Greenland was first settled around 2000 BCE by [[Paleo-Eskimo]]s migrating from the Canadian Arctic.<ref>Fortescue, Michael. ''Language Relations Across Bering Strait: Reappraising the Archaeological and Linguistic Evidence''. Open Linguistic Press, Cassell, 1998. {{ISBN\|0-304-70330-3}}</ref> These people were displaced by the [[Thule culture]] which followed the same migration route around 1100 CE. By 1600, climatic effects of the [[Little Ice Age]] caused the semi-nomadic Thule culture in Greenland to fragment into isolated groups, with inhabitants of the northwest diverging as the [[Inughuit]]. As they lost access to open water due to thickening sea ice, they lost the ability to build boats and had limited hunting opportunities.<ref name="Dick">{{cite book
	\|first=Lyle		\|first=Lyle

31.221.4.2 at 09:20, 11 April 2024

2024-04-11T09:20:57Z

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	}}		}}

	'''Qaanaaq''' ({{IPA-kl\|qaːnɑːq}}), formerly known as '''Thule''' or '''New Thule''', is the main town in the northern part of the [[Avannaata]] municipality in northwestern [[Greenland]]. It is one of the [[northernmost cities and towns\|northernmost towns]] in the world. The inhabitants of Qaanaaq speak the local [[Inuktun language]] and many also speak [[Greenlandic language\|Kalaallisut]] and [[Danish language\|Danish]]. The town has a population of 646 as of 2020.<ref name="stat2020"/> The population was forcibly relocated from its former, traditional home, which was [[Eminent domain\|expropriated]] for the construction of [[Thule Air Base\|a United States Air Force base]] in 1953.		'''Qaanaaq''' ({{IPA-kl\|qaːnɑːq}}), formerly known as '''Thule''' or '''New Thule''', is the main town in the northern part of the [[Avannaata]] municipality in northwestern [[Greenland]]. The town has a population of 646 as of 2020.<ref name="stat2020"/> The population was forcibly relocated from its former, traditional home, which was [[Eminent domain\|expropriated]] for the construction of [[Thule Air Base\|a United States Air Force base]] in 1953. The inhabitants of Qaanaaq speak the local [[Inuktun language]] and many also speak [[Greenlandic language\|Kalaallisut]] and [[Danish language\|Danish]].

			Qaanaaq is one of the [[northernmost cities and towns\|northernmost towns]] in the world. It is the northernmost major town in Greenland and the third northernmost public settlement in the territory, after nearby [[Qeqertat]] and [[Siorapaluk]].

	==Geography==		==Geography==

Reywas92: /* Further reading */

2024-03-09T23:40:59Z

JD Gale: added one link

2023-12-28T18:57:22Z

added one link

← Previous revision		Revision as of 18:57, 28 December 2023
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	}}		}}

	'''Qaanaaq''' ({{IPA-kl\|qaːnɑːq}}), formerly known as '''Thule''' or '''New Thule''', is the main town in the northern part of the [[Avannaata]] municipality in northwestern [[Greenland]]. It is one of the [[northernmost cities and towns\|northernmost towns]] in the world. The inhabitants of Qaanaaq speak the local [[Inuktun language]] and many also speak [[Greenlandic language\|Kalaallisut]] and [[Danish language\|Danish]]. The town has a population of 646 as of 2020.<ref name="stat2020"/> The population was forcibly relocated from its former, traditional home, which was expropriated for the construction of [[Thule Air Base\|a United States Air Force base]] in 1953.		'''Qaanaaq''' ({{IPA-kl\|qaːnɑːq}}), formerly known as '''Thule''' or '''New Thule''', is the main town in the northern part of the [[Avannaata]] municipality in northwestern [[Greenland]]. It is one of the [[northernmost cities and towns\|northernmost towns]] in the world. The inhabitants of Qaanaaq speak the local [[Inuktun language]] and many also speak [[Greenlandic language\|Kalaallisut]] and [[Danish language\|Danish]]. The town has a population of 646 as of 2020.<ref name="stat2020"/> The population was forcibly relocated from its former, traditional home, which was [[Eminent domain\|expropriated]] for the construction of [[Thule Air Base\|a United States Air Force base]] in 1953.

	==Geography==		==Geography==

Drmccreedy: Delete non-existent infobox parameters (which don't actually display to the reader). See Template:Infobox settlement documentation for a list of valid parameters.

2023-11-04T21:54:49Z

Delete non-existent infobox parameters (which don't actually display to the reader). See Template:Infobox settlement documentation for a list of valid parameters.

← Previous revision		Revision as of 21:54, 4 November 2023
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	\| government_footnotes =		\| government_footnotes =
	\| leader_title =		\| leader_title =
	\| Population = 646
	\| established_title = First settled		\| established_title = First settled
	\| established_date = 2000 BC		\| established_date = 2000 BC

2A00:23C7:1F87:6001:5CCD:DDF6:4339:9F01 at 16:06, 26 October 2023

2023-10-26T16:06:01Z

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	\| subdivision_name2 = [[Avannaata]]		\| subdivision_name2 = [[Avannaata]]
	\| subdivision_type3 =		\| subdivision_type3 =
	\| subdivision_name3 =		\| subdivision_name3 = Qaanaaq Municipality
	\| government_footnotes =		\| government_footnotes =
	\| leader_title =		\| leader_title =
	\| ~~leader_name~~ =		\| Population = 646
	\| established_title = First settled		\| established_title = First settled
	\| established_date = 2000 BC		\| established_date = 2000 BC

← Previous revision		Revision as of 23:40, 9 March 2024
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	* Murray, Louise. 2006. "On Thin Ice – Louise Murray Travels to Qaanaaq in Northern Greenland to See the Effect That Climate Change Is Having on Subsistence Hunters and Their Prey". ''Geographical : the Royal Geographical Society Magazine''. 32.		* Murray, Louise. 2006. "On Thin Ice – Louise Murray Travels to Qaanaaq in Northern Greenland to See the Effect That Climate Change Is Having on Subsistence Hunters and Their Prey". ''Geographical : the Royal Geographical Society Magazine''. 32.
	* Remie, C. H. W. ''Facing the Future Inughuit Youth of Qaanaaq : Report of the 1998 University of Nijmegen Student Expedition to Qaanaaq, Thule District, Northern Greenland''. Nijmegen: Nijmegen University Press, 1999. {{ISBN\|90-5710-078-9}}		* Remie, C. H. W. ''Facing the Future Inughuit Youth of Qaanaaq : Report of the 1998 University of Nijmegen Student Expedition to Qaanaaq, Thule District, Northern Greenland''. Nijmegen: Nijmegen University Press, 1999. {{ISBN\|90-5710-078-9}}
			*{{Cite news \|last=Kaplan \|first=Sarah \|date=March 9, 2024 \|title=How one of the coldest, darkest towns on Earth is trying to get more energy from the sun \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-solutions/2024/03/09/greenland-renewable-energy/ \|work=Washington Post}}
	{{refend}}		{{refend}}