Reign of Cleopatra - Revision history

XLSHIFT at 09:46, 12 November 2024

2024-11-12T09:46:52Z

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Monkbot: Task 20: replace {lang-??} templates with {langx|??} ‹See Tfd› (Replaced 6);

2024-10-25T19:11:37Z

Task 20: replace {lang-??} templates with {langx|??} ‹See Tfd› (Replaced 6);

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Dsp13: /* Further reading */ wlink

2024-10-04T11:46:16Z

Dsp13: /* Further reading */ rm dupe ref field

2024-09-22T13:14:57Z

Dsp13: /* Further reading */ wlink

2024-09-22T13:14:26Z

Mcferran: /* Relationship with Julius Caesar */

2024-09-19T05:00:19Z

Relationship with Julius Caesar

← Previous revision		Revision as of 05:00, 19 September 2024
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	}}		}}

	Sometime between January and March 47 BC, Caesar's reinforcements arrived.{{sfnp\|Tyldesley\|2006\|p=202}} These included soldiers led by [[Mithridates I of the Bosporus\|Mithridates of Pergamon]] and Antipater the Idumaean, who would receive [[Roman citizenship]] for his timely aid (a status that would be inherited by his son Herod the Great).{{sfnp\|Roller\|2010\|p=63}}{{sfnp\|Bringmann\|2007\|p=260}}{{sfnp\|Burstein\|2004\|p=19}}<ref group="note">For the [[Siege of Alexandria (47 BC)]], {{harvnb\|Burstein\|2004\|p=19}} states that [[Julius Caesar]]'s reinforcements came in January, but {{harvnb\|Roller\|2010\|p=63}} says that his reinforcements came in March.</ref> Ptolemy XIII and Arsinoe IV withdrew their forces to the [[Nile River]], [[Battle of the Nile (47 BC)\|where Caesar attacked them]] and forced Ptolemy XIII to flee by boat. It capsized, and he drowned. His body was later found nearby in the mud.{{sfnp\|Roller\|2010\|pp=63–64}}{{sfnp\|Bringmann\|2007\|p=260}}{{sfnp\|Burstein\|2004\|pp=xxi, 19, 76}} Ganymedes was perhaps killed in the battle, while Theodotos was found years later in Asia by [[Marcus Brutus]] and executed. Arsinoe IV was forcefully paraded in Caesar's triumph in Rome, where she was the object of public sympathy, before being exiled to the Temple of Artemis at [[Ephesus]].{{sfnp\|Roller\|2010\|p=64}}{{sfnp\|Burstein\|2004\|pp=xxi, 19–21, 76}}{{sfnp\|Fletcher\|2008\|p=172}} Cleopatra was conspicuously absent from these events and resided in the palace, most likely because she was pregnant with Caesar's child (perhaps since September 47 BC). She gave birth to [[Caesarion]] on 23 June 47 BC.{{sfnp\|Roller\|2010\|pp=64, 69}}{{sfnp\|Burstein\|2004\|pp=xxi, 19–20}}{{sfnp\|Fletcher\|2008\|p=120}} Caesar and Cleopatra likely visited the [[Tomb of Alexander the Great]] together.{{sfnp\|Fletcher\|2008\|p=120}} Caesar also ensured the proper burial of Pompey's embalmed head in a tomb near the [[Hellenistic fortifications\|eastern wall]] of Alexandria.{{sfnp\|Fletcher\|2008\|pp=120–121}}		Sometime between January and March 47 BC, Caesar's reinforcements arrived.{{sfnp\|Tyldesley\|2006\|p=202}} These included soldiers led by [[Mithridates I of the Bosporus\|Mithridates of Pergamon]] and Antipater the Idumaean, who would receive [[Roman citizenship]] for his timely aid (a status that would be inherited by his son Herod the Great).{{sfnp\|Roller\|2010\|p=63}}{{sfnp\|Bringmann\|2007\|p=260}}{{sfnp\|Burstein\|2004\|p=19}}<ref group="note">For the [[Siege of Alexandria (47 BC)]], {{harvnb\|Burstein\|2004\|p=19}} states that [[Julius Caesar]]'s reinforcements came in January, but {{harvnb\|Roller\|2010\|p=63}} says that his reinforcements came in March.</ref> Ptolemy XIII and Arsinoe IV withdrew their forces to the [[Nile River]], [[Battle of the Nile (47 BC)\|where Caesar attacked them]] and forced Ptolemy XIII to flee by boat. It capsized, and he drowned. His body was later found nearby in the mud.{{sfnp\|Roller\|2010\|pp=63–64}}{{sfnp\|Bringmann\|2007\|p=260}}{{sfnp\|Burstein\|2004\|pp=xxi, 19, 76}} Ganymedes was perhaps killed in the battle, while Theodotos was found years later in Asia by [[Marcus Junius Brutus]] and executed. Arsinoe IV was forcefully paraded in Caesar's triumph in Rome, where she was the object of public sympathy, before being exiled to the Temple of Artemis at [[Ephesus]].{{sfnp\|Roller\|2010\|p=64}}{{sfnp\|Burstein\|2004\|pp=xxi, 19–21, 76}}{{sfnp\|Fletcher\|2008\|p=172}} Cleopatra was conspicuously absent from these events and resided in the palace, most likely because she was pregnant with Caesar's child (perhaps since September 47 BC). She gave birth to [[Caesarion]] on 23 June 47 BC.{{sfnp\|Roller\|2010\|pp=64, 69}}{{sfnp\|Burstein\|2004\|pp=xxi, 19–20}}{{sfnp\|Fletcher\|2008\|p=120}} Caesar and Cleopatra likely visited the [[Tomb of Alexander the Great]] together.{{sfnp\|Fletcher\|2008\|p=120}} Caesar also ensured the proper burial of Pompey's embalmed head in a tomb near the [[Hellenistic fortifications\|eastern wall]] of Alexandria.{{sfnp\|Fletcher\|2008\|pp=120–121}}

	Caesar's term as consul had expired at the end of 48 BC.{{sfnp\|Roller\|2010\|p=64}} However, his officer Mark Antony, recently returned to Rome from the battle at [[Farsala\|Pharsalus]], helped to secure Caesar's [[Roman dictator\|election as dictator]]. This lasted for a year, until October 47 BC, providing Caesar with the legal authority to settle the dynastic dispute in Egypt.{{sfnp\|Roller\|2010\|p=64}} Wary of repeating the mistake of Berenice IV in having a sole-ruling female monarch, Caesar appointed 12-year-old Ptolemy XIV as 22-year-old Cleopatra's joint ruler in a nominal [[sibling marriage]], but Cleopatra continued living privately with Caesar.{{sfnp\|Roller\|2010\|pp=64–65}}{{sfnp\|Bringmann\|2007\|p=260}}{{sfnp\|Burstein\|2004\|p=19}}<ref group="note">{{harvnb\|Roller\|2010\|pp=64–65}} states that at this point (47 BC) Ptolemy XIV was 12 years old, while {{harvnb\|Burstein\|2004\|p=19}} argues that he was still only 10 years of age.</ref> The exact date at which Cyprus was returned to her control is not known, although she had a governor there by 42 BC.{{sfnp\|Roller\|2010\|p=65}}{{sfnp\|Burstein\|2004\|p=19}}		Caesar's term as consul had expired at the end of 48 BC.{{sfnp\|Roller\|2010\|p=64}} However, his officer Mark Antony, recently returned to Rome from the battle at [[Farsala\|Pharsalus]], helped to secure Caesar's [[Roman dictator\|election as dictator]]. This lasted for a year, until October 47 BC, providing Caesar with the legal authority to settle the dynastic dispute in Egypt.{{sfnp\|Roller\|2010\|p=64}} Wary of repeating the mistake of Berenice IV in having a sole-ruling female monarch, Caesar appointed 12-year-old Ptolemy XIV as 22-year-old Cleopatra's joint ruler in a nominal [[sibling marriage]], but Cleopatra continued living privately with Caesar.{{sfnp\|Roller\|2010\|pp=64–65}}{{sfnp\|Bringmann\|2007\|p=260}}{{sfnp\|Burstein\|2004\|p=19}}<ref group="note">{{harvnb\|Roller\|2010\|pp=64–65}} states that at this point (47 BC) Ptolemy XIV was 12 years old, while {{harvnb\|Burstein\|2004\|p=19}} argues that he was still only 10 years of age.</ref> The exact date at which Cyprus was returned to her control is not known, although she had a governor there by 42 BC.{{sfnp\|Roller\|2010\|p=65}}{{sfnp\|Burstein\|2004\|p=19}}

KH-1: Reverted edit by 103.63.100.26 (talk) to last version by DerMaxdorfer

2024-08-16T04:48:01Z

Reverted edit by 103.63.100.26 (talk) to last version by DerMaxdorfer

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103.63.100.26 at 02:17, 5 August 2024

2024-08-05T02:17:16Z

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DerMaxdorfer: corrections regarding the stele by Onnophris in the Louvre

2024-02-19T20:38:41Z

corrections regarding the stele by Onnophris in the Louvre

← Previous revision		Revision as of 20:38, 19 February 2024
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	\| alt2 =		\| alt2 =
	\| caption2 =		\| caption2 =
	\| footer = Left: a marble statue of Cleopatra with her [[cartouche]] inscribed on the upper right arm and wearing a [[diadem]] with a triple [[uraeus]], [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]], New York{{sfnp\|Ashton\|2001b\|p=165}} <br>Right: ~~Cleopatra~~ ~~dressed as a~~ [[~~pharaoh~~]] ~~presenting~~ ~~offerings~~ ~~to the goddess~~ [[~~Isis~~]], ~~dated~~ 51 ~~BC;~~ ~~limestone~~ [[~~stele~~]] ~~dedicated~~ by a ~~[[Greeks\|Greek~~ ~~man]]~~ ~~named~~ ~~Onnophris;~~ located in the [[Louvre]], Paris{{~~sfnp~~\|~~Tyldesley~~\|~~2008~~\|pp=~~44-45~~}}		\| footer = Left: a marble statue of Cleopatra with her [[cartouche]] inscribed on the upper right arm and wearing a [[diadem]] with a triple [[uraeus]], [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]], New York{{sfnp\|Ashton\|2001b\|p=165}} <br>Right: A limestone [[stele]] dedicated by a [[Greeks\|Greek]] man named Onnophris depicting a male [[pharaoh]], but honouring a queen Cleopatra (probably Cleopatra VII), located in the [[Louvre]], Paris<ref group="note">It is disputed whether Cleopatra was deliberately depicted as a male or whether a stele made under her father with his portrait was later inscribed with an inscription for Cleopatra. On this and other uncertainties regarding this stele, see {{harvtxt\|Pfeiffer\|2015\|pages=177–181}}.</ref>
	}}		}}

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	*{{Citation\|last=Kleiner \|first=Diana E. E. \|author-link=Diana Kleiner \|title=Cleopatra and Rome \|year=2005 \|publisher=Belknap Press of Harvard University Press \|location=Cambridge, MA \|isbn=9780674019058 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NkwEQAyx3_4C \|postscript=.}}		*{{Citation\|last=Kleiner \|first=Diana E. E. \|author-link=Diana Kleiner \|title=Cleopatra and Rome \|year=2005 \|publisher=Belknap Press of Harvard University Press \|location=Cambridge, MA \|isbn=9780674019058 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NkwEQAyx3_4C \|postscript=.}}
	*{{Citation\|last=Lippold \|first=Georg \|author-link=Georg Lippold \|title=Die Skulpturen des Vaticanischen Museums \|language=de \|volume=3 \|year=1936 \|publisher=Walter de Gruyter & Co. \|location=Berlin \|oclc=803204281 \|url=http://arachne.uni-koeln.de/arachne/index.php?view[layout]=buch_item&search[constraints][buch][searchSeriennummer]=975 \|postscript=.}}		*{{Citation\|last=Lippold \|first=Georg \|author-link=Georg Lippold \|title=Die Skulpturen des Vaticanischen Museums \|language=de \|volume=3 \|year=1936 \|publisher=Walter de Gruyter & Co. \|location=Berlin \|oclc=803204281 \|url=http://arachne.uni-koeln.de/arachne/index.php?view[layout]=buch_item&search[constraints][buch][searchSeriennummer]=975 \|postscript=.}}
			* {{cite book\|last=Pfeiffer\|first=Stefan\|title=Griechische und lateinische Inschriften zum Ptolemäerreich und zur römischen Provinz Aegyptus\|series=Einführungen und Quellentexte zur Ägyptologie\|volume=9\|publisher=Lit\|location=Münster\|year=2015\|language=German}}
	*{{Citation\|last1=Pfrommer \|first1=Michael \|last2=Towne-Markus \|first2=Elana \| title=Greek Gold from Hellenistic Egypt \|year=2001 \|publisher=Getty Publications (J. Paul Getty Trust)\|series=Getty Museum Studies on Art \|location=Los Angeles \|isbn=9780892366330 \|url=http://www.getty.edu/publications/virtuallibrary/0892366338.html \|postscript=.}}		*{{Citation\|last1=Pfrommer \|first1=Michael \|last2=Towne-Markus \|first2=Elana \| title=Greek Gold from Hellenistic Egypt \|year=2001 \|publisher=Getty Publications (J. Paul Getty Trust)\|series=Getty Museum Studies on Art \|location=Los Angeles \|isbn=9780892366330 \|url=http://www.getty.edu/publications/virtuallibrary/0892366338.html \|postscript=.}}
	*{{Citation\|last=Pina Polo \|first=Francisco \|editor-given1=Silke \|editor-surname1=Knippschild \|editor-given2=Marta \|editor-surname2=García Morcillo \|chapter=The Great Seducer: Cleopatra, Queen and Sex Symbol \|title=Seduction and Power: Antiquity in the Visual and Performing Arts \|year=2013 \|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic\|location=London \|isbn=978-1-44119-065-9 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uaIdAAAAQBAJ \|pages=183–197 \|postscript=.}}		*{{Citation\|last=Pina Polo \|first=Francisco \|editor-given1=Silke \|editor-surname1=Knippschild \|editor-given2=Marta \|editor-surname2=García Morcillo \|chapter=The Great Seducer: Cleopatra, Queen and Sex Symbol \|title=Seduction and Power: Antiquity in the Visual and Performing Arts \|year=2013 \|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic\|location=London \|isbn=978-1-44119-065-9 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uaIdAAAAQBAJ \|pages=183–197 \|postscript=.}}

Archaeodontosaurus at 08:09, 25 December 2023

2023-12-25T08:09:36Z

← Previous revision		Revision as of 08:09, 25 December 2023
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	{{multiple image\|total_width=400		{{multiple image\|total_width=400
	\|align=left		\|align=left
	\|image1=Pompey the Great, ~~Augustean copy of a 70-60 BC original, Venice~~ Museo Archeologico Nazionale ~~(22205132751)~~.jpg		\|image1=(Venice) Pompey the Great, Museo Archeologico Nazionale.jpg
	\|image2=Retrato de Julio César (26724093101).jpg		\|image2=Retrato de Julio César (26724093101).jpg
	\|footer=A Roman bust of [[Pompey the Great]] made during the reign of [[Augustus]] (27 BC – 14 AD), a copy of an original bust from 70–60 BC, [[Venice National Archaeological Museum]], Italy (left); The [[Tusculum portrait]], a contemporary Roman bust of [[Julius Caesar]] in the Archaeological Museum of [[Turin]], Italy (right)		\|footer=A Roman bust of [[Pompey the Great]] made during the reign of [[Augustus]] (27 BC – 14 AD), a copy of an original bust from 70–60 BC, [[Venice National Archaeological Museum]], Italy (left); The [[Tusculum portrait]], a contemporary Roman bust of [[Julius Caesar]] in the Archaeological Museum of [[Turin]], Italy (right)

← Previous revision		Revision as of 11:46, 4 October 2024
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	*{{citation\|last=Pomeroy\|first=Sarah B.\|author-link=Sarah B. Pomeroy \|title=Women in Hellenistic Egypt: from Alexander to Cleopatra\|year=1984\|publisher=Schocken Books\|location=New York\|isbn=9780805239119\|postscript=.}}		*{{citation\|last=Pomeroy\|first=Sarah B.\|author-link=Sarah B. Pomeroy \|title=Women in Hellenistic Egypt: from Alexander to Cleopatra\|year=1984\|publisher=Schocken Books\|location=New York\|isbn=9780805239119\|postscript=.}}
	*{{Citation\|last=Rowland \|first=Ingrid D. \|author-link=Ingrid D. Rowland \|editor-given1=Margaret M. \|editor-surname1=Miles \|chapter=The Amazing Afterlife of Cleopatra's Love Potions \|title=Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited \|year=2011 \|publisher=University of California Press\|location=Berkeley \|isbn=978-0-520-24367-5 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ND9DQF2mOnkC \|pages=132–149 \|postscript=.}}		*{{Citation\|last=Rowland \|first=Ingrid D. \|author-link=Ingrid D. Rowland \|editor-given1=Margaret M. \|editor-surname1=Miles \|chapter=The Amazing Afterlife of Cleopatra's Love Potions \|title=Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited \|year=2011 \|publisher=University of California Press\|location=Berkeley \|isbn=978-0-520-24367-5 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ND9DQF2mOnkC \|pages=132–149 \|postscript=.}}
	*{{citation\|last1=Schiff \|first1=Stacy \|title=Cleopatra: A Life \|date=2011 \|publisher=Back Bay Books \|isbn=978-0316001946\|postscript=.}}		*{{citation\|last1=Schiff \|first1=Stacy \|author-link=Stacy Schiff \|title=Cleopatra: A Life \|date=2011 \|publisher=Back Bay Books \|isbn=978-0316001946\|postscript=.}}
	*{{citation\|last=Southern\|first=Pat\|title=Cleopatra\|publisher=Tempus\|year=2000\|isbn=978-0-7524-1494-2\|postscript=.}}		*{{citation\|last=Southern\|first=Pat\|title=Cleopatra\|publisher=Tempus\|year=2000\|isbn=978-0-7524-1494-2\|postscript=.}}
	*{{cite book\|last=Syme\|first=Ronald \|author-link=Ronald Syme \|title=The Roman Revolution\|url=https://archive.org/details/romanrevolution0000syme\|url-access=registration\|publisher=Oxford University Press\|year=1962\|orig-year=1939\|oclc=404094}}		*{{cite book\|last=Syme\|first=Ronald \|author-link=Ronald Syme \|title=The Roman Revolution\|url=https://archive.org/details/romanrevolution0000syme\|url-access=registration\|publisher=Oxford University Press\|year=1962\|orig-year=1939\|oclc=404094}}

← Previous revision		Revision as of 13:14, 22 September 2024
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	*{{citation\|last=Weigall\|first=Arthur E. P. Brome\|title=The Life and Times of Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt\|url=http://name.umdl.umich.edu/AJL1424.0001.001\|year=1914\|publisher=Blackwood\|location=Edinburgh\|oclc=316294139\|postscript=.}}		*{{citation\|last=Weigall\|first=Arthur E. P. Brome\|title=The Life and Times of Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt\|url=http://name.umdl.umich.edu/AJL1424.0001.001\|year=1914\|publisher=Blackwood\|location=Edinburgh\|oclc=316294139\|postscript=.}}
	*{{citation\|last=Whitehorne \|first=John \|title = Cleopatras \|location= London\|publisher = Routledge \|year = 1994 \|isbn = 9780415058063\|postscript=.}}		*{{citation\|last=Whitehorne \|first=John \|title = Cleopatras \|location= London\|publisher = Routledge \|year = 1994 \|isbn = 9780415058063\|postscript=.}}
	*{{Citation\|last1=Wyke \|first1=Maria ~~\|author-link=Maria Wyke~~ \|last2=Montserrat \|first2=Dominic \|author-link1= Maria Wyke \|author-link2=Dominic Montserrat \|editor-given1=Margaret M. \|editor-surname1=Miles \|chapter=Glamour Girls: Cleomania in Mass Culture \|title=Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited \|year=2011 \|publisher=University of California Press\|location=Berkeley \|isbn=978-0-520-24367-5 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ND9DQF2mOnkC \|pages=172–194 \|postscript=.}}		*{{Citation\|last1=Wyke \|first1=Maria \|last2=Montserrat \|first2=Dominic \|author-link1= Maria Wyke \|author-link2=Dominic Montserrat \|editor-given1=Margaret M. \|editor-surname1=Miles \|chapter=Glamour Girls: Cleomania in Mass Culture \|title=Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited \|year=2011 \|publisher=University of California Press\|location=Berkeley \|isbn=978-0-520-24367-5 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ND9DQF2mOnkC \|pages=172–194 \|postscript=.}}
	{{refend}}		{{refend}}

← Previous revision		Revision as of 13:14, 22 September 2024
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	*{{citation\|last=Lindsay\|first=Jack \|author-link=Jack Lindsay \|title=Cleopatra\|year=1972\|publisher=Coward-McCann\|location=New York\|oclc=671705946\|postscript=.}}		*{{citation\|last=Lindsay\|first=Jack \|author-link=Jack Lindsay \|title=Cleopatra\|year=1972\|publisher=Coward-McCann\|location=New York\|oclc=671705946\|postscript=.}}
	*{{citation\|last=Nardo\|first=Don\|title=Cleopatra\|publisher=Lucent Books\|year=1994\|isbn=978-1-56006-023-9\|postscript=.}}		*{{citation\|last=Nardo\|first=Don\|title=Cleopatra\|publisher=Lucent Books\|year=1994\|isbn=978-1-56006-023-9\|postscript=.}}
	*{{citation\|last=Pomeroy\|first=Sarah B.\|title=Women in Hellenistic Egypt: from Alexander to Cleopatra\|year=1984\|publisher=Schocken Books\|location=New York\|isbn=9780805239119\|postscript=.}}		*{{citation\|last=Pomeroy\|first=Sarah B.\|author-link=Sarah B. Pomeroy \|title=Women in Hellenistic Egypt: from Alexander to Cleopatra\|year=1984\|publisher=Schocken Books\|location=New York\|isbn=9780805239119\|postscript=.}}
	*{{Citation\|last=Rowland \|first=Ingrid D. \|author-link=Ingrid D. Rowland \|editor-given1=Margaret M. \|editor-surname1=Miles \|chapter=The Amazing Afterlife of Cleopatra's Love Potions \|title=Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited \|year=2011 \|publisher=University of California Press\|location=Berkeley \|isbn=978-0-520-24367-5 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ND9DQF2mOnkC \|pages=132–149 \|postscript=.}}		*{{Citation\|last=Rowland \|first=Ingrid D. \|author-link=Ingrid D. Rowland \|editor-given1=Margaret M. \|editor-surname1=Miles \|chapter=The Amazing Afterlife of Cleopatra's Love Potions \|title=Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited \|year=2011 \|publisher=University of California Press\|location=Berkeley \|isbn=978-0-520-24367-5 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ND9DQF2mOnkC \|pages=132–149 \|postscript=.}}
	*{{citation\|last1=Schiff \|first1=Stacy \|title=Cleopatra: A Life \|date=2011 \|publisher=Back Bay Books \|isbn=978-0316001946\|postscript=.}}		*{{citation\|last1=Schiff \|first1=Stacy \|title=Cleopatra: A Life \|date=2011 \|publisher=Back Bay Books \|isbn=978-0316001946\|postscript=.}}
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	*{{citation\|last=Weigall\|first=Arthur E. P. Brome\|title=The Life and Times of Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt\|url=http://name.umdl.umich.edu/AJL1424.0001.001\|year=1914\|publisher=Blackwood\|location=Edinburgh\|oclc=316294139\|postscript=.}}		*{{citation\|last=Weigall\|first=Arthur E. P. Brome\|title=The Life and Times of Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt\|url=http://name.umdl.umich.edu/AJL1424.0001.001\|year=1914\|publisher=Blackwood\|location=Edinburgh\|oclc=316294139\|postscript=.}}
	*{{citation\|last=Whitehorne \|first=John \|title = Cleopatras \|location= London\|publisher = Routledge \|year = 1994 \|isbn = 9780415058063\|postscript=.}}		*{{citation\|last=Whitehorne \|first=John \|title = Cleopatras \|location= London\|publisher = Routledge \|year = 1994 \|isbn = 9780415058063\|postscript=.}}
	*{{Citation\|last1=Wyke \|first1=Maria \|last2=Montserrat \|first2=Dominic \|author-link1= Maria Wyke \|author-link2=Dominic Montserrat \|editor-given1=Margaret M. \|editor-surname1=Miles \|chapter=Glamour Girls: Cleomania in Mass Culture \|title=Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited \|year=2011 \|publisher=University of California Press\|location=Berkeley \|isbn=978-0-520-24367-5 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ND9DQF2mOnkC \|pages=172–194 \|postscript=.}}		*{{Citation\|last1=Wyke \|first1=Maria \|author-link=Maria Wyke \|last2=Montserrat \|first2=Dominic \|author-link1= Maria Wyke \|author-link2=Dominic Montserrat \|editor-given1=Margaret M. \|editor-surname1=Miles \|chapter=Glamour Girls: Cleomania in Mass Culture \|title=Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited \|year=2011 \|publisher=University of California Press\|location=Berkeley \|isbn=978-0-520-24367-5 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ND9DQF2mOnkC \|pages=172–194 \|postscript=.}}
	{{refend}}		{{refend}}