Tianjin - Revision history

DocWatson42: Cleaned up references and other matters.

2025-01-03T13:44:19Z

Cleaned up references and other matters.

Amazingloong: /* Landmarks and attractions */

2024-12-13T08:40:00Z

Landmarks and attractions

← Previous revision		Revision as of 08:40, 13 December 2024
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	==Landmarks and attractions==		==Landmarks and attractions==
	[[File:Main Building of Nankai University 2015-08-04.jpg\|thumb\|Nankai University]]		[[File:Main Building of Nankai University 2015-08-04.jpg\|thumb\|Nankai University]]
			[[File:The Ritz-Carlton, Tianjin (20200515103110).jpg\|thumb\|[[Ritz-Carlton, Tianjin]]]]
	{{See also\|Major National Historical and Cultural Sites (Tianjin)}}		{{See also\|Major National Historical and Cultural Sites (Tianjin)}}
	* Astor Hotel		* Astor Hotel

Amazingloong: /* Landmarks and attractions */

2024-12-13T08:39:15Z

Landmarks and attractions

← Previous revision		Revision as of 08:39, 13 December 2024
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	{{See also\|Major National Historical and Cultural Sites (Tianjin)}}		{{See also\|Major National Historical and Cultural Sites (Tianjin)}}
	* Astor Hotel		* Astor Hotel
			* [[Ritz-Carlton, Tianjin]]
	* Binjiang Avenue shopping street		* Binjiang Avenue shopping street
	* [[Dabei Monastery]]		* [[Dabei Monastery]]

31.209.52.13: Typo

2024-12-13T00:03:14Z

Typo

← Previous revision		Revision as of 00:03, 13 December 2024
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	In terms of urban population, Tianjin is the seventh largest city in China. In terms of administrative area population, Tianjin ranks fifth in mainland China.<ref>{{cite web \|year=2012 \|script-title=zh:最新中国城市人口数量排名（根据2010年第六次人口普查） \|url=http://www.elivecity.cn/html/yijuyanjiu/yijuyanjiu1/645.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150303135707/http://www.elivecity.cn/html/yijuyanjiu/yijuyanjiu1/645.html \|archive-date=March 3, 2015 \|access-date=May 28, 2014 \|website=elivecity.cn}}</ref> The walled city of Tianjin was built in 1404. As a [[treaty port]] since 1860, Tianjin has been a seaport and gateway to Beijing. During the [[Boxer Rebellion]], the city was the seat of the [[Tianjin Provisional Government]]. Under the [[Qing dynasty]] and the Republic of China, Tianjin became one of the largest cities in the region.<ref name="history">{{cite web \|date=December 4, 2009 \|script-title=zh:历史沿革 \|url=http://www.tj.gov.cn/zjtj/lsyg/lsyg/200712/t200712天津18_37097.htm \|access-date=August 24, 2010 \|website=tj.gov.cn \|publisher=Tianjin People's Government}} {{Dead link\|date=July 2018\|bot=InternetArchiveBot\|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> At that time, European-style buildings and mansions were constructed in concessions, some of which are preserved today. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Tianjin suffered a depression due to the policy of the central government and the [[1976 Tangshan earthquake]]; however, it has been recovering since the 1990s.<ref>{{cite web \|date=February 26, 2006 \|script-title=zh:河北人才被空吸本地发展缓慢世界罕见 \|url=http://news.sohu.com/20060226/n242024868.shtml \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808054209/http://news.sohu.com/20060226/n242024868.shtml \|archive-date=August 8, 2014 \|access-date=August 20, 2010 \|publisher=[[Sohu]]}}</ref> Tianjin is classified as the largest type of port city, a Large-Port Megacity, due to its large urban population and port traffic volume.<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Roberts \|first1=Toby \|last2=Williams \|first2=Ian \|last3=Preston \|first3=John \|year=2021 \|title=The Southampton system: A new universal standard approach for port-city classification \|journal=Maritime Policy & Management \|volume=48 \|issue=4 \|pages=530–542 \|doi=10.1080/03088839.2020.1802785 \|s2cid=225502755 \|doi-access=free}}</ref>		In terms of urban population, Tianjin is the seventh largest city in China. In terms of administrative area population, Tianjin ranks fifth in mainland China.<ref>{{cite web \|year=2012 \|script-title=zh:最新中国城市人口数量排名（根据2010年第六次人口普查） \|url=http://www.elivecity.cn/html/yijuyanjiu/yijuyanjiu1/645.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150303135707/http://www.elivecity.cn/html/yijuyanjiu/yijuyanjiu1/645.html \|archive-date=March 3, 2015 \|access-date=May 28, 2014 \|website=elivecity.cn}}</ref> The walled city of Tianjin was built in 1404. As a [[treaty port]] since 1860, Tianjin has been a seaport and gateway to Beijing. During the [[Boxer Rebellion]], the city was the seat of the [[Tianjin Provisional Government]]. Under the [[Qing dynasty]] and the Republic of China, Tianjin became one of the largest cities in the region.<ref name="history">{{cite web \|date=December 4, 2009 \|script-title=zh:历史沿革 \|url=http://www.tj.gov.cn/zjtj/lsyg/lsyg/200712/t200712天津18_37097.htm \|access-date=August 24, 2010 \|website=tj.gov.cn \|publisher=Tianjin People's Government}} {{Dead link\|date=July 2018\|bot=InternetArchiveBot\|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> At that time, European-style buildings and mansions were constructed in concessions, some of which are preserved today. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Tianjin suffered a depression due to the policy of the central government and the [[1976 Tangshan earthquake]]; however, it has been recovering since the 1990s.<ref>{{cite web \|date=February 26, 2006 \|script-title=zh:河北人才被空吸本地发展缓慢世界罕见 \|url=http://news.sohu.com/20060226/n242024868.shtml \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808054209/http://news.sohu.com/20060226/n242024868.shtml \|archive-date=August 8, 2014 \|access-date=August 20, 2010 \|publisher=[[Sohu]]}}</ref> Tianjin is classified as the largest type of port city, a Large-Port Megacity, due to its large urban population and port traffic volume.<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Roberts \|first1=Toby \|last2=Williams \|first2=Ian \|last3=Preston \|first3=John \|year=2021 \|title=The Southampton system: A new universal standard approach for port-city classification \|journal=Maritime Policy & Management \|volume=48 \|issue=4 \|pages=530–542 \|doi=10.1080/03088839.2020.1802785 \|s2cid=225502755 \|doi-access=free}}</ref>

	Tianjin is currently a dual-core city, with its main urban area (including the older part of the city) located along the [[Hai River]], which connects to the [[Yellow River\|Yellow]] and [[Yangtze River\|Yangtze]] Rivers via the [[Grand Canal (China)\|Grand Canal]]; and [[Binhai]], an adjacent [[New areas\|New Area]] urban core located east of the older part of the city on the coast of the Bohai. As of the end of 2010, approximately 285 [[Fortune 500]] companies have operated in buildings located in Binhai. Since 2010, Tianjin's [[Yujiapu Financial District]] has become known as China's [[Manhattan]]<ref name="ChinaManhattan1">{{cite news \|author=Alexandra Stenson and Cao Li \|date=April 10, 2019 \|title='China's Manhattan' Borrowed Heavily. The People Have Yet to Arrive \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/10/business/china-economy-debt-tianjin.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410232403/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/10/business/china-economy-debt-tianjin.html \|archive-date=April 10, 2019 \|access-date=April 11, 2019 \|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref name="ChinaManhattan2" /> and the city is considered to be one of the world's top 100 cities,<ref>{{Cite web \|title=GFCI 36 Rank - Long Finance \|url=https://www.longfinance.net/programmes/financial-centre-futures/global-financial-centres-index/gfci-36-explore-the-data/gfci-36-rank/ \|access-date=2024-12-09 \|website=www.longfinance.net}}</ref> including in the [[Global Financial Centres Index]]. As of 2024, Tianjin was ranked as a Beta+ (global second tier) city together with (Barcelona ~~andd~~ Rome) by the [[Globalization and World Cities Research Network]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=World Cities 2024 \|url=https://gawc.lboro.ac.uk/gawc-worlds/the-world-according-to-gawc/world-cities-2024/ \|access-date=2024-12-09 \|website=GaWC \|language=en-US}}</ref>		Tianjin is currently a dual-core city, with its main urban area (including the older part of the city) located along the [[Hai River]], which connects to the [[Yellow River\|Yellow]] and [[Yangtze River\|Yangtze]] Rivers via the [[Grand Canal (China)\|Grand Canal]]; and [[Binhai]], an adjacent [[New areas\|New Area]] urban core located east of the older part of the city on the coast of the Bohai. As of the end of 2010, approximately 285 [[Fortune 500]] companies have operated in buildings located in Binhai. Since 2010, Tianjin's [[Yujiapu Financial District]] has become known as China's [[Manhattan]]<ref name="ChinaManhattan1">{{cite news \|author=Alexandra Stenson and Cao Li \|date=April 10, 2019 \|title='China's Manhattan' Borrowed Heavily. The People Have Yet to Arrive \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/10/business/china-economy-debt-tianjin.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410232403/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/10/business/china-economy-debt-tianjin.html \|archive-date=April 10, 2019 \|access-date=April 11, 2019 \|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref name="ChinaManhattan2" /> and the city is considered to be one of the world's top 100 cities,<ref>{{Cite web \|title=GFCI 36 Rank - Long Finance \|url=https://www.longfinance.net/programmes/financial-centre-futures/global-financial-centres-index/gfci-36-explore-the-data/gfci-36-rank/ \|access-date=2024-12-09 \|website=www.longfinance.net}}</ref> including in the [[Global Financial Centres Index]]. As of 2024, Tianjin was ranked as a Beta+ (global second tier) city together with (Barcelona and Rome) by the [[Globalization and World Cities Research Network]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=World Cities 2024 \|url=https://gawc.lboro.ac.uk/gawc-worlds/the-world-according-to-gawc/world-cities-2024/ \|access-date=2024-12-09 \|website=GaWC \|language=en-US}}</ref>

	Tianjin is one of the [[List of cities by scientific output\|20 cities]] in the world with the highest scientific research outputs, as tracked by the [[Nature Index]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Leading 200 science cities {{!}} Nature Index 2023 Science Cities \|url=https://www.nature.com/nature-index/supplements/nature-index-2023-science-cities/tables/overall \|access-date=2023-11-22 \|work=[[Nature (journal)\|Nature]] \|language=en \|archive-date=November 22, 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231122050201/https://www.nature.com/nature-index/supplements/nature-index-2023-science-cities/tables/overall \|url-status=live }}</ref> The city is also home to [[list of universities and colleges in Tianjin\|multiple institutes]] of higher education in Northern China, including [[Tianjin University]], [[Nankai University]], [[Tianjin Normal University]], [[Tianjin Medical University]], [[Tianjin Foreign Studies University]], [[Tiangong University]], [[Tianjin University of Science & Technology]], [[Tianjin University of Technology]], and [[Hebei University of Technology]].<ref>{{cite web \|title=Nature Index 2018 Science Cities \|url=https://www.natureindex.com/supplements/nature-index-2018-science-cities/global-city-map \|access-date=2020-10-07 \|work=[[Nature (journal)\|Nature]] \|archive-date=October 2, 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201002014918/https://www.natureindex.com/supplements/nature-index-2018-science-cities/global-city-map \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=".":2"">{{cite web \|date=2021-10-26 \|title=US News Best Global Universities Rankings in Tianjin \|url=https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/search?city=tianjin \|access-date=2021-10-30 \|website=U.S. News & World Report \|archive-date=October 30, 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030222540/https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/search?city=tianjin \|url-status=live }}</ref>		Tianjin is one of the [[List of cities by scientific output\|20 cities]] in the world with the highest scientific research outputs, as tracked by the [[Nature Index]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Leading 200 science cities {{!}} Nature Index 2023 Science Cities \|url=https://www.nature.com/nature-index/supplements/nature-index-2023-science-cities/tables/overall \|access-date=2023-11-22 \|work=[[Nature (journal)\|Nature]] \|language=en \|archive-date=November 22, 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231122050201/https://www.nature.com/nature-index/supplements/nature-index-2023-science-cities/tables/overall \|url-status=live }}</ref> The city is also home to [[list of universities and colleges in Tianjin\|multiple institutes]] of higher education in Northern China, including [[Tianjin University]], [[Nankai University]], [[Tianjin Normal University]], [[Tianjin Medical University]], [[Tianjin Foreign Studies University]], [[Tiangong University]], [[Tianjin University of Science & Technology]], [[Tianjin University of Technology]], and [[Hebei University of Technology]].<ref>{{cite web \|title=Nature Index 2018 Science Cities \|url=https://www.natureindex.com/supplements/nature-index-2018-science-cities/global-city-map \|access-date=2020-10-07 \|work=[[Nature (journal)\|Nature]] \|archive-date=October 2, 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201002014918/https://www.natureindex.com/supplements/nature-index-2018-science-cities/global-city-map \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=".":2"">{{cite web \|date=2021-10-26 \|title=US News Best Global Universities Rankings in Tianjin \|url=https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/search?city=tianjin \|access-date=2021-10-30 \|website=U.S. News & World Report \|archive-date=October 30, 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030222540/https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/search?city=tianjin \|url-status=live }}</ref>

Chirica21C: update and add citation

2024-12-09T10:14:17Z

update and add citation

← Previous revision		Revision as of 10:14, 9 December 2024
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	In terms of urban population, Tianjin is the seventh largest city in China. In terms of administrative area population, Tianjin ranks fifth in mainland China.<ref>{{cite web \|year=2012 \|script-title=zh:最新中国城市人口数量排名（根据2010年第六次人口普查） \|url=http://www.elivecity.cn/html/yijuyanjiu/yijuyanjiu1/645.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150303135707/http://www.elivecity.cn/html/yijuyanjiu/yijuyanjiu1/645.html \|archive-date=March 3, 2015 \|access-date=May 28, 2014 \|website=elivecity.cn}}</ref> The walled city of Tianjin was built in 1404. As a [[treaty port]] since 1860, Tianjin has been a seaport and gateway to Beijing. During the [[Boxer Rebellion]], the city was the seat of the [[Tianjin Provisional Government]]. Under the [[Qing dynasty]] and the Republic of China, Tianjin became one of the largest cities in the region.<ref name="history">{{cite web \|date=December 4, 2009 \|script-title=zh:历史沿革 \|url=http://www.tj.gov.cn/zjtj/lsyg/lsyg/200712/t200712天津18_37097.htm \|access-date=August 24, 2010 \|website=tj.gov.cn \|publisher=Tianjin People's Government}} {{Dead link\|date=July 2018\|bot=InternetArchiveBot\|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> At that time, European-style buildings and mansions were constructed in concessions, some of which are preserved today. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Tianjin suffered a depression due to the policy of the central government and the [[1976 Tangshan earthquake]]; however, it has been recovering since the 1990s.<ref>{{cite web \|date=February 26, 2006 \|script-title=zh:河北人才被空吸本地发展缓慢世界罕见 \|url=http://news.sohu.com/20060226/n242024868.shtml \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808054209/http://news.sohu.com/20060226/n242024868.shtml \|archive-date=August 8, 2014 \|access-date=August 20, 2010 \|publisher=[[Sohu]]}}</ref> Tianjin is classified as the largest type of port city, a Large-Port Megacity, due to its large urban population and port traffic volume.<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Roberts \|first1=Toby \|last2=Williams \|first2=Ian \|last3=Preston \|first3=John \|year=2021 \|title=The Southampton system: A new universal standard approach for port-city classification \|journal=Maritime Policy & Management \|volume=48 \|issue=4 \|pages=530–542 \|doi=10.1080/03088839.2020.1802785 \|s2cid=225502755 \|doi-access=free}}</ref>		In terms of urban population, Tianjin is the seventh largest city in China. In terms of administrative area population, Tianjin ranks fifth in mainland China.<ref>{{cite web \|year=2012 \|script-title=zh:最新中国城市人口数量排名（根据2010年第六次人口普查） \|url=http://www.elivecity.cn/html/yijuyanjiu/yijuyanjiu1/645.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150303135707/http://www.elivecity.cn/html/yijuyanjiu/yijuyanjiu1/645.html \|archive-date=March 3, 2015 \|access-date=May 28, 2014 \|website=elivecity.cn}}</ref> The walled city of Tianjin was built in 1404. As a [[treaty port]] since 1860, Tianjin has been a seaport and gateway to Beijing. During the [[Boxer Rebellion]], the city was the seat of the [[Tianjin Provisional Government]]. Under the [[Qing dynasty]] and the Republic of China, Tianjin became one of the largest cities in the region.<ref name="history">{{cite web \|date=December 4, 2009 \|script-title=zh:历史沿革 \|url=http://www.tj.gov.cn/zjtj/lsyg/lsyg/200712/t200712天津18_37097.htm \|access-date=August 24, 2010 \|website=tj.gov.cn \|publisher=Tianjin People's Government}} {{Dead link\|date=July 2018\|bot=InternetArchiveBot\|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> At that time, European-style buildings and mansions were constructed in concessions, some of which are preserved today. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Tianjin suffered a depression due to the policy of the central government and the [[1976 Tangshan earthquake]]; however, it has been recovering since the 1990s.<ref>{{cite web \|date=February 26, 2006 \|script-title=zh:河北人才被空吸本地发展缓慢世界罕见 \|url=http://news.sohu.com/20060226/n242024868.shtml \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808054209/http://news.sohu.com/20060226/n242024868.shtml \|archive-date=August 8, 2014 \|access-date=August 20, 2010 \|publisher=[[Sohu]]}}</ref> Tianjin is classified as the largest type of port city, a Large-Port Megacity, due to its large urban population and port traffic volume.<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Roberts \|first1=Toby \|last2=Williams \|first2=Ian \|last3=Preston \|first3=John \|year=2021 \|title=The Southampton system: A new universal standard approach for port-city classification \|journal=Maritime Policy & Management \|volume=48 \|issue=4 \|pages=530–542 \|doi=10.1080/03088839.2020.1802785 \|s2cid=225502755 \|doi-access=free}}</ref>

	Tianjin is currently a dual-core city, with its main urban area (including the older part of the city) located along the [[Hai River]], which connects to the [[Yellow River\|Yellow]] and [[Yangtze River\|Yangtze]] Rivers via the [[Grand Canal (China)\|Grand Canal]]; and [[Binhai]], an adjacent [[New areas\|New Area]] urban core located east of the older part of the city on the coast of the Bohai. As of the end of 2010, approximately 285 [[Fortune 500]] companies have operated in buildings located in Binhai. Since 2010, Tianjin's [[Yujiapu Financial District]] has become known as China's [[Manhattan]]<ref name="ChinaManhattan1">{{cite news \|author=Alexandra Stenson and Cao Li \|date=April 10, 2019 \|title='China's Manhattan' Borrowed Heavily. The People Have Yet to Arrive \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/10/business/china-economy-debt-tianjin.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410232403/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/10/business/china-economy-debt-tianjin.html \|archive-date=April 10, 2019 \|access-date=April 11, 2019 \|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref name="ChinaManhattan2" /> and the city is considered to be one of the world's top 100 cities,~~<sup>[<nowiki/>[[Wikipedia:Please clarify\|''clarification needed'']]]</sup> including in the [[Global Financial Centres Index]].~~<ref ~~name="GFCI"~~>{{~~cite~~ web ~~\|date=September 2020~~ \|title=~~The~~ ~~Global~~ ~~Financial~~ ~~Centres~~ ~~Index~~ 28 \|url=https://www.longfinance.net/~~media~~/~~documents~~/~~GFCI_28_Full_Report_2020.09.25_v1.1.pdf~~ \|access-date=~~26 September 2020 \|publisher=Long Finance \|archive~~-~~date=January 18, 2021~~ \|~~archive-url~~=~~https://web.archive.org/web/20210118104905/https://~~www.longfinance.net~~/media/documents/GFCI_28_Full_Report_2020.09.25_v1.1.pdf \|url-status=live~~ }}</ref> Tianjin is ranked as a Beta (global second tier) city by the [[Globalization and World Cities Research Network]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=~~The~~ World ~~According~~ ~~to GaWC 2020~~ \|url=https://~~www~~.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/~~world2020t.html~~ \|access-date=~~2020~~-10-04 \|website=~~lboro.ac.uk~~ \|~~archive-date~~=~~August 24, 2020 \|archive~~-~~url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200824031341/https://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2020t.html \|url-status=live~~ }}</ref>		Tianjin is currently a dual-core city, with its main urban area (including the older part of the city) located along the [[Hai River]], which connects to the [[Yellow River\|Yellow]] and [[Yangtze River\|Yangtze]] Rivers via the [[Grand Canal (China)\|Grand Canal]]; and [[Binhai]], an adjacent [[New areas\|New Area]] urban core located east of the older part of the city on the coast of the Bohai. As of the end of 2010, approximately 285 [[Fortune 500]] companies have operated in buildings located in Binhai. Since 2010, Tianjin's [[Yujiapu Financial District]] has become known as China's [[Manhattan]]<ref name="ChinaManhattan1">{{cite news \|author=Alexandra Stenson and Cao Li \|date=April 10, 2019 \|title='China's Manhattan' Borrowed Heavily. The People Have Yet to Arrive \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/10/business/china-economy-debt-tianjin.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410232403/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/10/business/china-economy-debt-tianjin.html \|archive-date=April 10, 2019 \|access-date=April 11, 2019 \|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref name="ChinaManhattan2" /> and the city is considered to be one of the world's top 100 cities,<ref>{{Cite web \|title=GFCI 36 Rank - Long Finance \|url=https://www.longfinance.net/programmes/financial-centre-futures/global-financial-centres-index/gfci-36-explore-the-data/gfci-36-rank/ \|access-date=2024-12-09 \|website=www.longfinance.net}}</ref> including in the [[Global Financial Centres Index]]. As of 2024, Tianjin was ranked as a Beta+ (global second tier) city together with (Barcelona andd Rome) by the [[Globalization and World Cities Research Network]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=World Cities 2024 \|url=https://gawc.lboro.ac.uk/gawc-worlds/the-world-according-to-gawc/world-cities-2024/ \|access-date=2024-12-09 \|website=GaWC \|language=en-US}}</ref>

	Tianjin is one of the [[List of cities by scientific output\|20 cities]] in the world with the highest scientific research outputs, as tracked by the [[Nature Index]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Leading 200 science cities {{!}} Nature Index 2023 Science Cities \|url=https://www.nature.com/nature-index/supplements/nature-index-2023-science-cities/tables/overall \|access-date=2023-11-22 \|work=[[Nature (journal)\|Nature]] \|language=en \|archive-date=November 22, 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231122050201/https://www.nature.com/nature-index/supplements/nature-index-2023-science-cities/tables/overall \|url-status=live }}</ref> The city is also home to [[list of universities and colleges in Tianjin\|multiple institutes]] of higher education in Northern China, including [[Tianjin University]], [[Nankai University]], [[Tianjin Normal University]], [[Tianjin Medical University]], [[Tianjin Foreign Studies University]], [[Tiangong University]], [[Tianjin University of Science & Technology]], [[Tianjin University of Technology]], and [[Hebei University of Technology]].<ref>{{cite web \|title=Nature Index 2018 Science Cities \|url=https://www.natureindex.com/supplements/nature-index-2018-science-cities/global-city-map \|access-date=2020-10-07 \|work=[[Nature (journal)\|Nature]] \|archive-date=October 2, 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201002014918/https://www.natureindex.com/supplements/nature-index-2018-science-cities/global-city-map \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=".":2"">{{cite web \|date=2021-10-26 \|title=US News Best Global Universities Rankings in Tianjin \|url=https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/search?city=tianjin \|access-date=2021-10-30 \|website=U.S. News & World Report \|archive-date=October 30, 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030222540/https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/search?city=tianjin \|url-status=live }}</ref>		Tianjin is one of the [[List of cities by scientific output\|20 cities]] in the world with the highest scientific research outputs, as tracked by the [[Nature Index]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Leading 200 science cities {{!}} Nature Index 2023 Science Cities \|url=https://www.nature.com/nature-index/supplements/nature-index-2023-science-cities/tables/overall \|access-date=2023-11-22 \|work=[[Nature (journal)\|Nature]] \|language=en \|archive-date=November 22, 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231122050201/https://www.nature.com/nature-index/supplements/nature-index-2023-science-cities/tables/overall \|url-status=live }}</ref> The city is also home to [[list of universities and colleges in Tianjin\|multiple institutes]] of higher education in Northern China, including [[Tianjin University]], [[Nankai University]], [[Tianjin Normal University]], [[Tianjin Medical University]], [[Tianjin Foreign Studies University]], [[Tiangong University]], [[Tianjin University of Science & Technology]], [[Tianjin University of Technology]], and [[Hebei University of Technology]].<ref>{{cite web \|title=Nature Index 2018 Science Cities \|url=https://www.natureindex.com/supplements/nature-index-2018-science-cities/global-city-map \|access-date=2020-10-07 \|work=[[Nature (journal)\|Nature]] \|archive-date=October 2, 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201002014918/https://www.natureindex.com/supplements/nature-index-2018-science-cities/global-city-map \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=".":2"">{{cite web \|date=2021-10-26 \|title=US News Best Global Universities Rankings in Tianjin \|url=https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/search?city=tianjin \|access-date=2021-10-30 \|website=U.S. News & World Report \|archive-date=October 30, 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030222540/https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/search?city=tianjin \|url-status=live }}</ref>

William Avery: MOS:LQ; MOS:'; MOS:GEOLINK

2024-11-17T17:07:43Z

MOS:LQ; MOS:'; MOS:GEOLINK

Phaisit16207 at 06:32, 14 October 2024

2024-10-14T06:32:57Z

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	}}		}}

	'''Tianjin{{efn\|{{IPAc-en\|t\|j\|E\|n\|'\|dʒ\|ɪ\|n}};<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia \|url= http://www.lexico.com/definition/Tianjin \|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210411052545/https://www.lexico.com/definition/tianjin \|url-status=dead \|archive-date=April 11, 2021 \|title=Tianjin \|dictionary=[[Lexico]] UK English Dictionary \|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref> Mandarin: {{IPAc-cmn\|AUD\|zh-Tianjin.ogg\|t\|ian\|1\|.\|j\|in\|1}}<!-- Chinese in infoboxes: MOS-ZH-->; [[Postal Map Romanization\|~~alternatively~~ romanized]] as '''Tientsin''' ({{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|t\|j\|E\|n\|'\|t\|s\|ɪ\|n}})<ref>{{Cite Merriam-Webster\|Tianjin}}</ref>}}''' is a [[direct-administered municipality]] in [[North China\|Northern China]] on the shore of the [[Bohai Sea]]. It is one of the [[National Central City\|nine national central cities]], with a total population of 13,866,009 inhabitants at the time of the [[2020 Chinese census]]. Its [[metropolitan area]], which is made up of 12 central districts (other than [[Baodi District\|Baodi]], [[Jizhou District, Tianjin\|Jizhou]], [[Jinghai District\|Jinghai]] and [[Ninghe District\|Ninghe]]), was home to 11,165,706 inhabitants and is also the world's 29th-largest agglomeration (between [[Chengdu]] and [[Rio de Janeiro]]) and 11th-[[List of cities proper by population\|most populous city proper]].<ref>{{cite web \|script-title=zh:2015年天津市国民经济和社会发展统计公报-新闻中心-北方网 \|url=http://news.enorth.com.cn/system/2016/03/02/030839382.shtml \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002000942/http://news.enorth.com.cn/system/2016/03/02/030839382.shtml \|archive-date=October 2, 2016 \|access-date=March 6, 2016 \|website=news.enorth.com.cn}}</ref>		'''Tianjin{{efn\|{{IPAc-en\|t\|j\|E\|n\|'\|dʒ\|ɪ\|n}};<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia \|url= http://www.lexico.com/definition/Tianjin \|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210411052545/https://www.lexico.com/definition/tianjin \|url-status=dead \|archive-date=April 11, 2021 \|title=Tianjin \|dictionary=[[Lexico]] UK English Dictionary \|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref> Mandarin: {{IPAc-cmn\|AUD\|zh-Tianjin.ogg\|t\|ian\|1\|.\|j\|in\|1}}<!-- Chinese in infoboxes: MOS-ZH-->; [[Postal Map Romanization\|previously romanized]] as '''Tientsin''' ({{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|t\|j\|E\|n\|'\|t\|s\|ɪ\|n}})<ref>{{Cite Merriam-Webster\|Tianjin}}</ref>}}''' is a [[direct-administered municipality]] in [[North China\|Northern China]] on the shore of the [[Bohai Sea]]. It is one of the [[National Central City\|nine national central cities]], with a total population of 13,866,009 inhabitants at the time of the [[2020 Chinese census]]. Its [[metropolitan area]], which is made up of 12 central districts (other than [[Baodi District\|Baodi]], [[Jizhou District, Tianjin\|Jizhou]], [[Jinghai District\|Jinghai]] and [[Ninghe District\|Ninghe]]), was home to 11,165,706 inhabitants and is also the world's 29th-largest agglomeration (between [[Chengdu]] and [[Rio de Janeiro]]) and 11th-[[List of cities proper by population\|most populous city proper]].<ref>{{cite web \|script-title=zh:2015年天津市国民经济和社会发展统计公报-新闻中心-北方网 \|url=http://news.enorth.com.cn/system/2016/03/02/030839382.shtml \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002000942/http://news.enorth.com.cn/system/2016/03/02/030839382.shtml \|archive-date=October 2, 2016 \|access-date=March 6, 2016 \|website=news.enorth.com.cn}}</ref>

	Tianjin is governed as one of the four municipalities (alongside [[Beijing]], [[Shanghai]], and [[Chongqing]]) under the [[direct-administered municipalities of China\|direct administration]] of the [[State Council of the People's Republic of China\|State Council]] of [[Government of China\|China]]. The city borders [[Hebei Province]] and [[Beijing Municipality]], bounded to the east by the [[Bohai Gulf]] portion of the [[Yellow Sea]]. Part of the [[Bohai Economic Rim]], it is the largest coastal city in Northern China and part of the [[Jing-Jin-Ji]] megapolis.		Tianjin is governed as one of the four municipalities (alongside [[Beijing]], [[Shanghai]], and [[Chongqing]]) under the [[direct-administered municipalities of China\|direct administration]] of the [[State Council of the People's Republic of China\|State Council]] of [[Government of China\|China]]. The city borders [[Hebei Province]] and [[Beijing Municipality]], bounded to the east by the [[Bohai Gulf]] portion of the [[Yellow Sea]]. Part of the [[Bohai Economic Rim]], it is the largest coastal city in Northern China and part of the [[Jing-Jin-Ji]] megapolis.

2A00:23C6:753B:2601:1111:A44F:328E:14F6: /* Notable people from Tianjin */

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Notable people from Tianjin

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	* [[An Zhongxin]] (1971{{ndash}}; Olympic silver medalist for softball)		* [[An Zhongxin]] (1971{{ndash}}; Olympic silver medalist for softball)
	* [[Juliana Young Koo]] (1905{{ndash}}2017; Chinese-American diplomat worked in the UN Protocol Department, widow of [[Wellington Koo]])		* [[Juliana Young Koo]] (1905{{ndash}}2017; Chinese-American diplomat worked in the UN Protocol Department, widow of [[Wellington Koo]])
			* [[Niohuru X]] (drag performer, fashion designer, and make-up artist)

	== Twin towns and sister cities ==		== Twin towns and sister cities ==

AnomieBOT: Dating maintenance tags: {{Cn}}

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Dating maintenance tags: {{Cn}}

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	===Metro===		===Metro===
	[[File:天津轨道交通--刘园折返线.jpg\|thumb\|The [[Tianjin Metro]] near Liuyuan station]]		[[File:天津轨道交通--刘园折返线.jpg\|thumb\|The [[Tianjin Metro]] near Liuyuan station]]
	The [[Tianjin Metro]] was formerly operated by two companies, Tianjin Metro General Corporation and Tianjin Binhai Mass Transit Development Company. However, in 2017, the two companies merged to form the Tianjin Rail Transit Group Corporation. It is currently under expansion to create five to nine lines.{{cn}} A total of six lines are currently operating in the city and the Binhai area. As of April 2019, the entire network of [[Tianjin Metro]] has 155 stations and 6 lines.		The [[Tianjin Metro]] was formerly operated by two companies, Tianjin Metro General Corporation and Tianjin Binhai Mass Transit Development Company. However, in 2017, the two companies merged to form the Tianjin Rail Transit Group Corporation. It is currently under expansion to create five to nine lines.{{cn\|date=October 2024}} A total of six lines are currently operating in the city and the Binhai area. As of April 2019, the entire network of [[Tianjin Metro]] has 155 stations and 6 lines.

	Construction work on the Tianjin Metro started on July 4, 1970. It was the second metro to be built in China and commenced service in 1984. The total length of track was {{convert\|7.4\|km\|0\|sp=us}}. The metro service was suspended on October 9, 2001, for reconstruction. The original line is now part of [[Line 1, Tianjin Metro\|Line 1]] of the new metro system. It was reopened to the public in June 2006. The track was extended to {{convert\|26.2\|km\|3\|abbr=on}};<ref>{{Cite web \|title=UrbanRail.Net > Asia > China > TIANJIN (Tientsin) Subway \|url=http://www.urbanrail.net/as/cn/tian/tianjin.htm \|access-date=October 4, 2021 \|archive-date=December 26, 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211226135017/http://urbanrail.net/as/cn/tian/tianjin.htm \|url-status=live }}</ref> there is now a total of 22 stations. Construction work on Line 2 and Line 3 was completed in 2012; the two lines are now in operation. Several new metro lines have been planned.		Construction work on the Tianjin Metro started on July 4, 1970. It was the second metro to be built in China and commenced service in 1984. The total length of track was {{convert\|7.4\|km\|0\|sp=us}}. The metro service was suspended on October 9, 2001, for reconstruction. The original line is now part of [[Line 1, Tianjin Metro\|Line 1]] of the new metro system. It was reopened to the public in June 2006. The track was extended to {{convert\|26.2\|km\|3\|abbr=on}};<ref>{{Cite web \|title=UrbanRail.Net > Asia > China > TIANJIN (Tientsin) Subway \|url=http://www.urbanrail.net/as/cn/tian/tianjin.htm \|access-date=October 4, 2021 \|archive-date=December 26, 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211226135017/http://urbanrail.net/as/cn/tian/tianjin.htm \|url-status=live }}</ref> there is now a total of 22 stations. Construction work on Line 2 and Line 3 was completed in 2012; the two lines are now in operation. Several new metro lines have been planned.

LibStar: /* Metro */

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Metro

← Previous revision		Revision as of 17:14, 3 October 2024
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	===Metro===		===Metro===
	[[File:天津轨道交通--刘园折返线.jpg\|thumb\|The [[Tianjin Metro]] near Liuyuan station]]		[[File:天津轨道交通--刘园折返线.jpg\|thumb\|The [[Tianjin Metro]] near Liuyuan station]]
	The [[Tianjin Metro]] was formerly operated by two companies, Tianjin Metro General Corporation and Tianjin Binhai Mass Transit Development Company. However, in 2017, the two companies merged to form the Tianjin Rail Transit Group Corporation. It is currently under expansion to create five to nine lines. A total of six lines are currently operating in the city and the Binhai area. As of April 2019, the entire network of [[Tianjin Metro]] has 155 stations and 6 lines.		The [[Tianjin Metro]] was formerly operated by two companies, Tianjin Metro General Corporation and Tianjin Binhai Mass Transit Development Company. However, in 2017, the two companies merged to form the Tianjin Rail Transit Group Corporation. It is currently under expansion to create five to nine lines.{{cn}} A total of six lines are currently operating in the city and the Binhai area. As of April 2019, the entire network of [[Tianjin Metro]] has 155 stations and 6 lines.

	Construction work on the Tianjin Metro started on July 4, 1970. It was the second metro to be built in China and commenced service in 1984. The total length of track was {{convert\|7.4\|km\|0\|sp=us}}. The metro service was suspended on October 9, 2001, for reconstruction. The original line is now part of [[Line 1, Tianjin Metro\|Line 1]] of the new metro system. It was reopened to the public in June 2006. The track was extended to {{convert\|26.2\|km\|3\|abbr=on}};<ref>{{Cite web \|title=UrbanRail.Net > Asia > China > TIANJIN (Tientsin) Subway \|url=http://www.urbanrail.net/as/cn/tian/tianjin.htm \|access-date=October 4, 2021 \|archive-date=December 26, 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211226135017/http://urbanrail.net/as/cn/tian/tianjin.htm \|url-status=live }}</ref> there is now a total of 22 stations. Construction work on Line 2 and Line 3 was completed in 2012; the two lines are now in operation. Several new metro lines have been planned.		Construction work on the Tianjin Metro started on July 4, 1970. It was the second metro to be built in China and commenced service in 1984. The total length of track was {{convert\|7.4\|km\|0\|sp=us}}. The metro service was suspended on October 9, 2001, for reconstruction. The original line is now part of [[Line 1, Tianjin Metro\|Line 1]] of the new metro system. It was reopened to the public in June 2006. The track was extended to {{convert\|26.2\|km\|3\|abbr=on}};<ref>{{Cite web \|title=UrbanRail.Net > Asia > China > TIANJIN (Tientsin) Subway \|url=http://www.urbanrail.net/as/cn/tian/tianjin.htm \|access-date=October 4, 2021 \|archive-date=December 26, 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211226135017/http://urbanrail.net/as/cn/tian/tianjin.htm \|url-status=live }}</ref> there is now a total of 22 stations. Construction work on Line 2 and Line 3 was completed in 2012; the two lines are now in operation. Several new metro lines have been planned.

← Previous revision		Revision as of 00:03, 13 December 2024
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	In terms of urban population, Tianjin is the seventh largest city in China. In terms of administrative area population, Tianjin ranks fifth in mainland China.<ref>{{cite web \|year=2012 \|script-title=zh:最新中国城市人口数量排名（根据2010年第六次人口普查） \|url=http://www.elivecity.cn/html/yijuyanjiu/yijuyanjiu1/645.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150303135707/http://www.elivecity.cn/html/yijuyanjiu/yijuyanjiu1/645.html \|archive-date=March 3, 2015 \|access-date=May 28, 2014 \|website=elivecity.cn}}</ref> The walled city of Tianjin was built in 1404. As a [[treaty port]] since 1860, Tianjin has been a seaport and gateway to Beijing. During the [[Boxer Rebellion]], the city was the seat of the [[Tianjin Provisional Government]]. Under the [[Qing dynasty]] and the Republic of China, Tianjin became one of the largest cities in the region.<ref name="history">{{cite web \|date=December 4, 2009 \|script-title=zh:历史沿革 \|url=http://www.tj.gov.cn/zjtj/lsyg/lsyg/200712/t200712天津18_37097.htm \|access-date=August 24, 2010 \|website=tj.gov.cn \|publisher=Tianjin People's Government}} {{Dead link\|date=July 2018\|bot=InternetArchiveBot\|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> At that time, European-style buildings and mansions were constructed in concessions, some of which are preserved today. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Tianjin suffered a depression due to the policy of the central government and the [[1976 Tangshan earthquake]]; however, it has been recovering since the 1990s.<ref>{{cite web \|date=February 26, 2006 \|script-title=zh:河北人才被空吸本地发展缓慢世界罕见 \|url=http://news.sohu.com/20060226/n242024868.shtml \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808054209/http://news.sohu.com/20060226/n242024868.shtml \|archive-date=August 8, 2014 \|access-date=August 20, 2010 \|publisher=[[Sohu]]}}</ref> Tianjin is classified as the largest type of port city, a Large-Port Megacity, due to its large urban population and port traffic volume.<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Roberts \|first1=Toby \|last2=Williams \|first2=Ian \|last3=Preston \|first3=John \|year=2021 \|title=The Southampton system: A new universal standard approach for port-city classification \|journal=Maritime Policy & Management \|volume=48 \|issue=4 \|pages=530–542 \|doi=10.1080/03088839.2020.1802785 \|s2cid=225502755 \|doi-access=free}}</ref>		In terms of urban population, Tianjin is the seventh largest city in China. In terms of administrative area population, Tianjin ranks fifth in mainland China.<ref>{{cite web \|year=2012 \|script-title=zh:最新中国城市人口数量排名（根据2010年第六次人口普查） \|url=http://www.elivecity.cn/html/yijuyanjiu/yijuyanjiu1/645.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150303135707/http://www.elivecity.cn/html/yijuyanjiu/yijuyanjiu1/645.html \|archive-date=March 3, 2015 \|access-date=May 28, 2014 \|website=elivecity.cn}}</ref> The walled city of Tianjin was built in 1404. As a [[treaty port]] since 1860, Tianjin has been a seaport and gateway to Beijing. During the [[Boxer Rebellion]], the city was the seat of the [[Tianjin Provisional Government]]. Under the [[Qing dynasty]] and the Republic of China, Tianjin became one of the largest cities in the region.<ref name="history">{{cite web \|date=December 4, 2009 \|script-title=zh:历史沿革 \|url=http://www.tj.gov.cn/zjtj/lsyg/lsyg/200712/t200712天津18_37097.htm \|access-date=August 24, 2010 \|website=tj.gov.cn \|publisher=Tianjin People's Government}} {{Dead link\|date=July 2018\|bot=InternetArchiveBot\|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> At that time, European-style buildings and mansions were constructed in concessions, some of which are preserved today. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Tianjin suffered a depression due to the policy of the central government and the [[1976 Tangshan earthquake]]; however, it has been recovering since the 1990s.<ref>{{cite web \|date=February 26, 2006 \|script-title=zh:河北人才被空吸本地发展缓慢世界罕见 \|url=http://news.sohu.com/20060226/n242024868.shtml \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808054209/http://news.sohu.com/20060226/n242024868.shtml \|archive-date=August 8, 2014 \|access-date=August 20, 2010 \|publisher=[[Sohu]]}}</ref> Tianjin is classified as the largest type of port city, a Large-Port Megacity, due to its large urban population and port traffic volume.<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Roberts \|first1=Toby \|last2=Williams \|first2=Ian \|last3=Preston \|first3=John \|year=2021 \|title=The Southampton system: A new universal standard approach for port-city classification \|journal=Maritime Policy & Management \|volume=48 \|issue=4 \|pages=530–542 \|doi=10.1080/03088839.2020.1802785 \|s2cid=225502755 \|doi-access=free}}</ref>

	Tianjin is currently a dual-core city, with its main urban area (including the older part of the city) located along the [[Hai River]], which connects to the [[Yellow River\|Yellow]] and [[Yangtze River\|Yangtze]] Rivers via the [[Grand Canal (China)\|Grand Canal]]; and [[Binhai]], an adjacent [[New areas\|New Area]] urban core located east of the older part of the city on the coast of the Bohai. As of the end of 2010, approximately 285 [[Fortune 500]] companies have operated in buildings located in Binhai. Since 2010, Tianjin's [[Yujiapu Financial District]] has become known as China's [[Manhattan]]<ref name="ChinaManhattan1">{{cite news \|author=Alexandra Stenson and Cao Li \|date=April 10, 2019 \|title='China's Manhattan' Borrowed Heavily. The People Have Yet to Arrive \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/10/business/china-economy-debt-tianjin.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410232403/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/10/business/china-economy-debt-tianjin.html \|archive-date=April 10, 2019 \|access-date=April 11, 2019 \|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref name="ChinaManhattan2" /> and the city is considered to be one of the world's top 100 cities,<ref>{{Cite web \|title=GFCI 36 Rank - Long Finance \|url=https://www.longfinance.net/programmes/financial-centre-futures/global-financial-centres-index/gfci-36-explore-the-data/gfci-36-rank/ \|access-date=2024-12-09 \|website=www.longfinance.net}}</ref> including in the [[Global Financial Centres Index]]. As of 2024, Tianjin was ranked as a Beta+ (global second tier) city together with (Barcelona ~~andd~~ Rome) by the [[Globalization and World Cities Research Network]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=World Cities 2024 \|url=https://gawc.lboro.ac.uk/gawc-worlds/the-world-according-to-gawc/world-cities-2024/ \|access-date=2024-12-09 \|website=GaWC \|language=en-US}}</ref>		Tianjin is currently a dual-core city, with its main urban area (including the older part of the city) located along the [[Hai River]], which connects to the [[Yellow River\|Yellow]] and [[Yangtze River\|Yangtze]] Rivers via the [[Grand Canal (China)\|Grand Canal]]; and [[Binhai]], an adjacent [[New areas\|New Area]] urban core located east of the older part of the city on the coast of the Bohai. As of the end of 2010, approximately 285 [[Fortune 500]] companies have operated in buildings located in Binhai. Since 2010, Tianjin's [[Yujiapu Financial District]] has become known as China's [[Manhattan]]<ref name="ChinaManhattan1">{{cite news \|author=Alexandra Stenson and Cao Li \|date=April 10, 2019 \|title='China's Manhattan' Borrowed Heavily. The People Have Yet to Arrive \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/10/business/china-economy-debt-tianjin.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410232403/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/10/business/china-economy-debt-tianjin.html \|archive-date=April 10, 2019 \|access-date=April 11, 2019 \|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref name="ChinaManhattan2" /> and the city is considered to be one of the world's top 100 cities,<ref>{{Cite web \|title=GFCI 36 Rank - Long Finance \|url=https://www.longfinance.net/programmes/financial-centre-futures/global-financial-centres-index/gfci-36-explore-the-data/gfci-36-rank/ \|access-date=2024-12-09 \|website=www.longfinance.net}}</ref> including in the [[Global Financial Centres Index]]. As of 2024, Tianjin was ranked as a Beta+ (global second tier) city together with (Barcelona and Rome) by the [[Globalization and World Cities Research Network]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=World Cities 2024 \|url=https://gawc.lboro.ac.uk/gawc-worlds/the-world-according-to-gawc/world-cities-2024/ \|access-date=2024-12-09 \|website=GaWC \|language=en-US}}</ref>

	Tianjin is one of the [[List of cities by scientific output\|20 cities]] in the world with the highest scientific research outputs, as tracked by the [[Nature Index]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Leading 200 science cities {{!}} Nature Index 2023 Science Cities \|url=https://www.nature.com/nature-index/supplements/nature-index-2023-science-cities/tables/overall \|access-date=2023-11-22 \|work=[[Nature (journal)\|Nature]] \|language=en \|archive-date=November 22, 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231122050201/https://www.nature.com/nature-index/supplements/nature-index-2023-science-cities/tables/overall \|url-status=live }}</ref> The city is also home to [[list of universities and colleges in Tianjin\|multiple institutes]] of higher education in Northern China, including [[Tianjin University]], [[Nankai University]], [[Tianjin Normal University]], [[Tianjin Medical University]], [[Tianjin Foreign Studies University]], [[Tiangong University]], [[Tianjin University of Science & Technology]], [[Tianjin University of Technology]], and [[Hebei University of Technology]].<ref>{{cite web \|title=Nature Index 2018 Science Cities \|url=https://www.natureindex.com/supplements/nature-index-2018-science-cities/global-city-map \|access-date=2020-10-07 \|work=[[Nature (journal)\|Nature]] \|archive-date=October 2, 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201002014918/https://www.natureindex.com/supplements/nature-index-2018-science-cities/global-city-map \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=".":2"">{{cite web \|date=2021-10-26 \|title=US News Best Global Universities Rankings in Tianjin \|url=https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/search?city=tianjin \|access-date=2021-10-30 \|website=U.S. News & World Report \|archive-date=October 30, 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030222540/https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/search?city=tianjin \|url-status=live }}</ref>		Tianjin is one of the [[List of cities by scientific output\|20 cities]] in the world with the highest scientific research outputs, as tracked by the [[Nature Index]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Leading 200 science cities {{!}} Nature Index 2023 Science Cities \|url=https://www.nature.com/nature-index/supplements/nature-index-2023-science-cities/tables/overall \|access-date=2023-11-22 \|work=[[Nature (journal)\|Nature]] \|language=en \|archive-date=November 22, 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231122050201/https://www.nature.com/nature-index/supplements/nature-index-2023-science-cities/tables/overall \|url-status=live }}</ref> The city is also home to [[list of universities and colleges in Tianjin\|multiple institutes]] of higher education in Northern China, including [[Tianjin University]], [[Nankai University]], [[Tianjin Normal University]], [[Tianjin Medical University]], [[Tianjin Foreign Studies University]], [[Tiangong University]], [[Tianjin University of Science & Technology]], [[Tianjin University of Technology]], and [[Hebei University of Technology]].<ref>{{cite web \|title=Nature Index 2018 Science Cities \|url=https://www.natureindex.com/supplements/nature-index-2018-science-cities/global-city-map \|access-date=2020-10-07 \|work=[[Nature (journal)\|Nature]] \|archive-date=October 2, 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201002014918/https://www.natureindex.com/supplements/nature-index-2018-science-cities/global-city-map \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=".":2"">{{cite web \|date=2021-10-26 \|title=US News Best Global Universities Rankings in Tianjin \|url=https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/search?city=tianjin \|access-date=2021-10-30 \|website=U.S. News & World Report \|archive-date=October 30, 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030222540/https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/search?city=tianjin \|url-status=live }}</ref>

← Previous revision		Revision as of 10:14, 9 December 2024
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	In terms of urban population, Tianjin is the seventh largest city in China. In terms of administrative area population, Tianjin ranks fifth in mainland China.<ref>{{cite web \|year=2012 \|script-title=zh:最新中国城市人口数量排名（根据2010年第六次人口普查） \|url=http://www.elivecity.cn/html/yijuyanjiu/yijuyanjiu1/645.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150303135707/http://www.elivecity.cn/html/yijuyanjiu/yijuyanjiu1/645.html \|archive-date=March 3, 2015 \|access-date=May 28, 2014 \|website=elivecity.cn}}</ref> The walled city of Tianjin was built in 1404. As a [[treaty port]] since 1860, Tianjin has been a seaport and gateway to Beijing. During the [[Boxer Rebellion]], the city was the seat of the [[Tianjin Provisional Government]]. Under the [[Qing dynasty]] and the Republic of China, Tianjin became one of the largest cities in the region.<ref name="history">{{cite web \|date=December 4, 2009 \|script-title=zh:历史沿革 \|url=http://www.tj.gov.cn/zjtj/lsyg/lsyg/200712/t200712天津18_37097.htm \|access-date=August 24, 2010 \|website=tj.gov.cn \|publisher=Tianjin People's Government}} {{Dead link\|date=July 2018\|bot=InternetArchiveBot\|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> At that time, European-style buildings and mansions were constructed in concessions, some of which are preserved today. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Tianjin suffered a depression due to the policy of the central government and the [[1976 Tangshan earthquake]]; however, it has been recovering since the 1990s.<ref>{{cite web \|date=February 26, 2006 \|script-title=zh:河北人才被空吸本地发展缓慢世界罕见 \|url=http://news.sohu.com/20060226/n242024868.shtml \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808054209/http://news.sohu.com/20060226/n242024868.shtml \|archive-date=August 8, 2014 \|access-date=August 20, 2010 \|publisher=[[Sohu]]}}</ref> Tianjin is classified as the largest type of port city, a Large-Port Megacity, due to its large urban population and port traffic volume.<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Roberts \|first1=Toby \|last2=Williams \|first2=Ian \|last3=Preston \|first3=John \|year=2021 \|title=The Southampton system: A new universal standard approach for port-city classification \|journal=Maritime Policy & Management \|volume=48 \|issue=4 \|pages=530–542 \|doi=10.1080/03088839.2020.1802785 \|s2cid=225502755 \|doi-access=free}}</ref>		In terms of urban population, Tianjin is the seventh largest city in China. In terms of administrative area population, Tianjin ranks fifth in mainland China.<ref>{{cite web \|year=2012 \|script-title=zh:最新中国城市人口数量排名（根据2010年第六次人口普查） \|url=http://www.elivecity.cn/html/yijuyanjiu/yijuyanjiu1/645.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150303135707/http://www.elivecity.cn/html/yijuyanjiu/yijuyanjiu1/645.html \|archive-date=March 3, 2015 \|access-date=May 28, 2014 \|website=elivecity.cn}}</ref> The walled city of Tianjin was built in 1404. As a [[treaty port]] since 1860, Tianjin has been a seaport and gateway to Beijing. During the [[Boxer Rebellion]], the city was the seat of the [[Tianjin Provisional Government]]. Under the [[Qing dynasty]] and the Republic of China, Tianjin became one of the largest cities in the region.<ref name="history">{{cite web \|date=December 4, 2009 \|script-title=zh:历史沿革 \|url=http://www.tj.gov.cn/zjtj/lsyg/lsyg/200712/t200712天津18_37097.htm \|access-date=August 24, 2010 \|website=tj.gov.cn \|publisher=Tianjin People's Government}} {{Dead link\|date=July 2018\|bot=InternetArchiveBot\|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> At that time, European-style buildings and mansions were constructed in concessions, some of which are preserved today. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Tianjin suffered a depression due to the policy of the central government and the [[1976 Tangshan earthquake]]; however, it has been recovering since the 1990s.<ref>{{cite web \|date=February 26, 2006 \|script-title=zh:河北人才被空吸本地发展缓慢世界罕见 \|url=http://news.sohu.com/20060226/n242024868.shtml \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808054209/http://news.sohu.com/20060226/n242024868.shtml \|archive-date=August 8, 2014 \|access-date=August 20, 2010 \|publisher=[[Sohu]]}}</ref> Tianjin is classified as the largest type of port city, a Large-Port Megacity, due to its large urban population and port traffic volume.<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Roberts \|first1=Toby \|last2=Williams \|first2=Ian \|last3=Preston \|first3=John \|year=2021 \|title=The Southampton system: A new universal standard approach for port-city classification \|journal=Maritime Policy & Management \|volume=48 \|issue=4 \|pages=530–542 \|doi=10.1080/03088839.2020.1802785 \|s2cid=225502755 \|doi-access=free}}</ref>

	Tianjin is currently a dual-core city, with its main urban area (including the older part of the city) located along the [[Hai River]], which connects to the [[Yellow River\|Yellow]] and [[Yangtze River\|Yangtze]] Rivers via the [[Grand Canal (China)\|Grand Canal]]; and [[Binhai]], an adjacent [[New areas\|New Area]] urban core located east of the older part of the city on the coast of the Bohai. As of the end of 2010, approximately 285 [[Fortune 500]] companies have operated in buildings located in Binhai. Since 2010, Tianjin's [[Yujiapu Financial District]] has become known as China's [[Manhattan]]<ref name="ChinaManhattan1">{{cite news \|author=Alexandra Stenson and Cao Li \|date=April 10, 2019 \|title='China's Manhattan' Borrowed Heavily. The People Have Yet to Arrive \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/10/business/china-economy-debt-tianjin.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410232403/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/10/business/china-economy-debt-tianjin.html \|archive-date=April 10, 2019 \|access-date=April 11, 2019 \|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref name="ChinaManhattan2" /> and the city is considered to be one of the world's top 100 cities,~~<sup>[<nowiki/>[[Wikipedia:Please clarify\|''clarification needed'']]]</sup> including in the [[Global Financial Centres Index]].~~<ref ~~name="GFCI"~~>{{~~cite~~ web ~~\|date=September 2020~~ \|title=~~The~~ ~~Global~~ ~~Financial~~ ~~Centres~~ ~~Index~~ 28 \|url=https://www.longfinance.net/~~media~~/~~documents~~/~~GFCI_28_Full_Report_2020.09.25_v1.1.pdf~~ \|access-date=~~26 September 2020 \|publisher=Long Finance \|archive~~-~~date=January 18, 2021~~ \|~~archive-url~~=~~https://web.archive.org/web/20210118104905/https://~~www.longfinance.net~~/media/documents/GFCI_28_Full_Report_2020.09.25_v1.1.pdf \|url-status=live~~ }}</ref> Tianjin is ranked as a Beta (global second tier) city by the [[Globalization and World Cities Research Network]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=~~The~~ World ~~According~~ ~~to GaWC 2020~~ \|url=https://~~www~~.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/~~world2020t.html~~ \|access-date=~~2020~~-10-04 \|website=~~lboro.ac.uk~~ \|~~archive-date~~=~~August 24, 2020 \|archive~~-~~url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200824031341/https://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2020t.html \|url-status=live~~ }}</ref>		Tianjin is currently a dual-core city, with its main urban area (including the older part of the city) located along the [[Hai River]], which connects to the [[Yellow River\|Yellow]] and [[Yangtze River\|Yangtze]] Rivers via the [[Grand Canal (China)\|Grand Canal]]; and [[Binhai]], an adjacent [[New areas\|New Area]] urban core located east of the older part of the city on the coast of the Bohai. As of the end of 2010, approximately 285 [[Fortune 500]] companies have operated in buildings located in Binhai. Since 2010, Tianjin's [[Yujiapu Financial District]] has become known as China's [[Manhattan]]<ref name="ChinaManhattan1">{{cite news \|author=Alexandra Stenson and Cao Li \|date=April 10, 2019 \|title='China's Manhattan' Borrowed Heavily. The People Have Yet to Arrive \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/10/business/china-economy-debt-tianjin.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410232403/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/10/business/china-economy-debt-tianjin.html \|archive-date=April 10, 2019 \|access-date=April 11, 2019 \|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref name="ChinaManhattan2" /> and the city is considered to be one of the world's top 100 cities,<ref>{{Cite web \|title=GFCI 36 Rank - Long Finance \|url=https://www.longfinance.net/programmes/financial-centre-futures/global-financial-centres-index/gfci-36-explore-the-data/gfci-36-rank/ \|access-date=2024-12-09 \|website=www.longfinance.net}}</ref> including in the [[Global Financial Centres Index]]. As of 2024, Tianjin was ranked as a Beta+ (global second tier) city together with (Barcelona andd Rome) by the [[Globalization and World Cities Research Network]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=World Cities 2024 \|url=https://gawc.lboro.ac.uk/gawc-worlds/the-world-according-to-gawc/world-cities-2024/ \|access-date=2024-12-09 \|website=GaWC \|language=en-US}}</ref>

	Tianjin is one of the [[List of cities by scientific output\|20 cities]] in the world with the highest scientific research outputs, as tracked by the [[Nature Index]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Leading 200 science cities {{!}} Nature Index 2023 Science Cities \|url=https://www.nature.com/nature-index/supplements/nature-index-2023-science-cities/tables/overall \|access-date=2023-11-22 \|work=[[Nature (journal)\|Nature]] \|language=en \|archive-date=November 22, 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231122050201/https://www.nature.com/nature-index/supplements/nature-index-2023-science-cities/tables/overall \|url-status=live }}</ref> The city is also home to [[list of universities and colleges in Tianjin\|multiple institutes]] of higher education in Northern China, including [[Tianjin University]], [[Nankai University]], [[Tianjin Normal University]], [[Tianjin Medical University]], [[Tianjin Foreign Studies University]], [[Tiangong University]], [[Tianjin University of Science & Technology]], [[Tianjin University of Technology]], and [[Hebei University of Technology]].<ref>{{cite web \|title=Nature Index 2018 Science Cities \|url=https://www.natureindex.com/supplements/nature-index-2018-science-cities/global-city-map \|access-date=2020-10-07 \|work=[[Nature (journal)\|Nature]] \|archive-date=October 2, 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201002014918/https://www.natureindex.com/supplements/nature-index-2018-science-cities/global-city-map \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=".":2"">{{cite web \|date=2021-10-26 \|title=US News Best Global Universities Rankings in Tianjin \|url=https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/search?city=tianjin \|access-date=2021-10-30 \|website=U.S. News & World Report \|archive-date=October 30, 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030222540/https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/search?city=tianjin \|url-status=live }}</ref>		Tianjin is one of the [[List of cities by scientific output\|20 cities]] in the world with the highest scientific research outputs, as tracked by the [[Nature Index]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Leading 200 science cities {{!}} Nature Index 2023 Science Cities \|url=https://www.nature.com/nature-index/supplements/nature-index-2023-science-cities/tables/overall \|access-date=2023-11-22 \|work=[[Nature (journal)\|Nature]] \|language=en \|archive-date=November 22, 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231122050201/https://www.nature.com/nature-index/supplements/nature-index-2023-science-cities/tables/overall \|url-status=live }}</ref> The city is also home to [[list of universities and colleges in Tianjin\|multiple institutes]] of higher education in Northern China, including [[Tianjin University]], [[Nankai University]], [[Tianjin Normal University]], [[Tianjin Medical University]], [[Tianjin Foreign Studies University]], [[Tiangong University]], [[Tianjin University of Science & Technology]], [[Tianjin University of Technology]], and [[Hebei University of Technology]].<ref>{{cite web \|title=Nature Index 2018 Science Cities \|url=https://www.natureindex.com/supplements/nature-index-2018-science-cities/global-city-map \|access-date=2020-10-07 \|work=[[Nature (journal)\|Nature]] \|archive-date=October 2, 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201002014918/https://www.natureindex.com/supplements/nature-index-2018-science-cities/global-city-map \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=".":2"">{{cite web \|date=2021-10-26 \|title=US News Best Global Universities Rankings in Tianjin \|url=https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/search?city=tianjin \|access-date=2021-10-30 \|website=U.S. News & World Report \|archive-date=October 30, 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030222540/https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/search?city=tianjin \|url-status=live }}</ref>

← Previous revision		Revision as of 17:07, 17 November 2024
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	{{Clear}} In the past, flights have also been grounded and highways have been closed.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-pollution-tianjin-idUSKBN1470C4\|title=Highways shut, flights grounded as smog blankets China's Tianjin\|newspaper=Reuters\|date=December 18, 2016\|access-date=October 4, 2021\|archive-date=October 4, 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004134600/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-pollution-tianjin-idUSKBN1470C4\|url-status=live}}</ref>		{{Clear}} In the past, flights have also been grounded and highways have been closed.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-pollution-tianjin-idUSKBN1470C4\|title=Highways shut, flights grounded as smog blankets China's Tianjin\|newspaper=Reuters\|date=December 18, 2016\|access-date=October 4, 2021\|archive-date=October 4, 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004134600/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-pollution-tianjin-idUSKBN1470C4\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	Foreign-born professional sportsmen have made statements regarding Tianjin's air quality, citing it as an impediment to athletic activity and being thick enough to "taste."<ref name="Pollution and sports">{{cite web		Foreign-born professional sportsmen have made statements regarding Tianjin's air quality, citing it as an impediment to athletic activity and being thick enough to "taste".<ref name="Pollution and sports">{{cite web
	\|url = http://www.fourfourtwo.com/au/news/paartalu-airs-player-concerns-about-smoggy-china		\|url = http://www.fourfourtwo.com/au/news/paartalu-airs-player-concerns-about-smoggy-china
	\|title = Paartalu Airs Player Concerns about Smoggy China		\|title = Paartalu Airs Player Concerns about Smoggy China
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	As in all other governing institutions in [[mainland China]], the politics of Tianjin is structured in a dual party-government system.		As in all other governing institutions in [[mainland China]], the politics of Tianjin is structured in a dual party-government system.

	The [[mayor of Tianjin]] is the highest-ranking official in the People's Government of Tianjin. Since Tianjin is a municipality, the [[Tianjin Municipal Committee of the Chinese Communist Party\|CCP Municipal Committee Secretary]] is colloquially known as the "Tianjin [[Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary\|CCP Party chief]]."		The [[mayor of Tianjin]] is the highest-ranking official in the People's Government of Tianjin. Since Tianjin is a municipality, the [[Tianjin Municipal Committee of the Chinese Communist Party\|CCP Municipal Committee Secretary]] is colloquially known as the "Tianjin [[Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary\|CCP Party chief]]".

	== Economy ==		== Economy ==
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	==Transport{{anchor\|Transportation}}==		==Transport{{anchor\|Transportation}}==
	{{Main\|Transport in Tianjin}}The transportation system in Tianjin is considered to be relatively effective, inclusive and [[Sustainable transport\|sustainable]]. The city received the [[Sustainable Transport Award]] for 2024 due to its efforts to improve and expand [[Active mobility\|non motorized]] and [[public transport]], as well as to make it [[Accessibility (transport)\|accessible]]. The policy of the city had an impact on policies at the regional and country level and received support from the World Bank (transportation in Tianjin is its biggest investment in this domain). According to a statement of the Institute for Transportation & Development about policy that resulted in the award, "Thus, the ~~city’s~~ recent investments into sustainable mobility policy and infrastructure have the potential to serve as a model for the rest of China, as the nation works towards achieving carbon neutrality before 2060."<ref>{{cite news \|title=Tianjin China receives 2024 sustainable transport award for walking cycling and public transport improvements \|url=https://prwireindia.com/press-release/tianjin-china-receives-2024-sustainable-transport-award-for-walking-cycling-and-public-transport-improvements \|access-date=26 January 2024 \|agency=PR WIRE India \|archive-date=January 26, 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240126150415/https://prwireindia.com/press-release/tianjin-china-receives-2024-sustainable-transport-award-for-walking-cycling-and-public-transport-improvements \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|date=January 8, 2024 \|title=Tianjin, China Receives 2024 Sustainable Transport Award for Focus on Cycling and Walking Infrastructure \|url=https://www.itdp.org/2024/01/08/tianjin-china-receives-2024-sustainable-transport-award/ \|access-date=26 January 2024 \|website=Institute for Transportation & Development policy \|archive-date=January 26, 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240126150416/https://www.itdp.org/2024/01/08/tianjin-china-receives-2024-sustainable-transport-award/ \|url-status=live }}</ref>		{{Main\|Transport in Tianjin}}The transportation system in Tianjin is considered to be relatively effective, inclusive and [[Sustainable transport\|sustainable]]. The city received the [[Sustainable Transport Award]] for 2024 due to its efforts to improve and expand [[Active mobility\|non motorized]] and [[public transport]], as well as to make it [[Accessibility (transport)\|accessible]]. The policy of the city had an impact on policies at the regional and country level and received support from the World Bank (transportation in Tianjin is its biggest investment in this domain). According to a statement of the Institute for Transportation & Development about policy that resulted in the award, "Thus, the city's recent investments into sustainable mobility policy and infrastructure have the potential to serve as a model for the rest of China, as the nation works towards achieving carbon neutrality before 2060."<ref>{{cite news \|title=Tianjin China receives 2024 sustainable transport award for walking cycling and public transport improvements \|url=https://prwireindia.com/press-release/tianjin-china-receives-2024-sustainable-transport-award-for-walking-cycling-and-public-transport-improvements \|access-date=26 January 2024 \|agency=PR WIRE India \|archive-date=January 26, 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240126150415/https://prwireindia.com/press-release/tianjin-china-receives-2024-sustainable-transport-award-for-walking-cycling-and-public-transport-improvements \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|date=January 8, 2024 \|title=Tianjin, China Receives 2024 Sustainable Transport Award for Focus on Cycling and Walking Infrastructure \|url=https://www.itdp.org/2024/01/08/tianjin-china-receives-2024-sustainable-transport-award/ \|access-date=26 January 2024 \|website=Institute for Transportation & Development policy \|archive-date=January 26, 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240126150416/https://www.itdp.org/2024/01/08/tianjin-china-receives-2024-sustainable-transport-award/ \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	===Airport===		===Airport===
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	* {{Flagdeco\|US}}{{flagdeco\|Massachusetts}} [[Fitchburg, Massachusetts]], United States		* {{Flagdeco\|US}}{{flagdeco\|Massachusetts}} [[Fitchburg, Massachusetts]], United States
	* {{flagdeco\|US}}{{flagdeco\|Pennsylvania}} [[Philadelphia]], [[Pennsylvania]], United States		* {{flagdeco\|US}}{{flagdeco\|Pennsylvania}} [[Philadelphia]], [[Pennsylvania]], United States
	* {{flagdeco\|AUS}}{{flagdeco\|Victoria}} [[Melbourne]], [[Victoria ~~(state)\|Victoria]]~~, Australia		* {{flagdeco\|AUS}}{{flagdeco\|Victoria}} [[Melbourne]], Victoria, Australia
	* {{flagdeco\|THA}} [[Bangkok]], Thailand		* {{flagdeco\|THA}} [[Bangkok]], Thailand
	* {{flagdeco\|CAM}} [[Phnom Penh]], [[Cambodia]]		* {{flagdeco\|CAM}} [[Phnom Penh]], Cambodia
	* {{flagdeco\|DPRK}} [[Pyongyang]], North Korea<ref name="Corfield2013">{{cite book\|last=Corfield\|first=Justin\|title=Historical Dictionary of Pyongyang\|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a46gFDWr3aMC&pg=PA196\|year=2013\|publisher=Anthem Press\|location=London\|isbn=978-0-85728-234-7\|page=196\|chapter=Sister Cities\|access-date=October 22, 2017\|archive-date=February 18, 2023\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218091156/https://books.google.com/books?id=a46gFDWr3aMC&pg=PA196\|url-status=live}}</ref>		* {{flagdeco\|DPRK}} [[Pyongyang]], North Korea<ref name="Corfield2013">{{cite book\|last=Corfield\|first=Justin\|title=Historical Dictionary of Pyongyang\|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a46gFDWr3aMC&pg=PA196\|year=2013\|publisher=Anthem Press\|location=London\|isbn=978-0-85728-234-7\|page=196\|chapter=Sister Cities\|access-date=October 22, 2017\|archive-date=February 18, 2023\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218091156/https://books.google.com/books?id=a46gFDWr3aMC&pg=PA196\|url-status=live}}</ref>
	* {{flagdeco\|BIH}} [[Sarajevo]], Bosnia and Herzegovina		* {{flagdeco\|BIH}} [[Sarajevo]], Bosnia and Herzegovina