Burantashi: Difference between revisions
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Burantashi is used as a food additive to barbecued meat (suya) in [[Nigeria]], especially the Northern parts. The extracts contain the [[alkaloid]] [[yohimbine]], an [[Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor|alpha-<sub>2</sub>]] [[receptor antagonist|antagonist]] that has been studied for treating [[erectile dysfunction]], but the whole bark of the tree was not studied until recently. In one recent study, pure Burantashi powder obtained from a local suya vendor in [[Lagos, Nigeria]] was extracted aqueously and studied on the renal circulation of [[Sprague-Dawley rat]]s.<ref name=Ajayi>Ajayi AA, Newaz M, Hercule H, Saleh M, Bode CO, Oyekan AO. Endothelin -like action of Pausinystalia yohimbe aqueous extract on vascular and renal regional hemodynamics in Sprague-Dawley rats. ''Methods. Find. Expt. Clin. Pharmacol''. 2003, 25(10): 817-22.</ref> In the ''in vivo'' study, the extract code-named "CCD-X", caused a rise in [[mean arterial pressure]] (MAP), and a rise in [[renal medulla]]ry blood flow (MBF). This systemic [[vasoconstrictor]] and renal medullary dilator action was attenuated separately by the endothelin -A receptor blocker - BMS-182874, ET-B blocker -BQ788, but blocked by their combination.<ref name=Ajayi/> Further, the [[nitric oxide]] inhibitor (NO), L-Nomega - nitro-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) 10 mg/kg totally inhibited the rise in medullary blood flow due to CCD-X. ''In vitro'' studies in isolated perfused kidneys (IPK) and in pressurised microvessels (PMV) confirmed the ''in vivo'' effect to cause [[vasoconstriction]], which was inhibited by [[endothelin]] A and B antagonists. The pressor dose response characteristic of CCD-X on PMV was similar to that of endothelin-1 with EC<sub>50</sub> close to 100 ng. It was concluded from these studies that, the aqueous extract exhibited a vasoconstrictor effect -possibly alpha-<sub>2</sub> mediated like yohimbine. However, it possessed additional effects as an andothelin receptor A and B agonist, and also released nitric oxide. The possibility of a post-receptor cross-talk among ET-B, alpha-2 receptors and NO release was also considered. [[Thin layer chromatography]] showed that the bark is rich in [[sesquiterpene]]s, and has [[antifungal medication|antifungal]] and [[antibiotic]] properties as well. Whether CCD-X will be useful in [[sickle cell disease]] (releasing NO) is unknown. Further basic and clinical research are needed before the effects of Burantashi can be effectively evaluated. |
Burantashi is used as a food additive to barbecued meat (suya) in [[Nigeria]], especially the Northern parts. The extracts contain the [[alkaloid]] [[yohimbine]], an [[Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor|alpha-<sub>2</sub>]] [[receptor antagonist|antagonist]] that has been studied for treating [[erectile dysfunction]], but the whole bark of the tree was not studied until recently. In one recent study, pure Burantashi powder obtained from a local suya vendor in [[Lagos, Nigeria]] was extracted aqueously and studied on the renal circulation of [[Sprague-Dawley rat]]s.<ref name=Ajayi>Ajayi AA, Newaz M, Hercule H, Saleh M, Bode CO, Oyekan AO. Endothelin -like action of Pausinystalia yohimbe aqueous extract on vascular and renal regional hemodynamics in Sprague-Dawley rats. ''Methods. Find. Expt. Clin. Pharmacol''. 2003, 25(10): 817-22.</ref> In the ''in vivo'' study, the extract code-named "CCD-X", caused a rise in [[mean arterial pressure]] (MAP), and a rise in [[renal medulla]]ry blood flow (MBF). This systemic [[vasoconstrictor]] and renal medullary dilator action was attenuated separately by the endothelin -A receptor blocker - BMS-182874, ET-B blocker -BQ788, but blocked by their combination.<ref name=Ajayi/> Further, the [[nitric oxide]] inhibitor (NO), L-Nomega - nitro-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) 10 mg/kg totally inhibited the rise in medullary blood flow due to CCD-X. ''In vitro'' studies in isolated perfused kidneys (IPK) and in pressurised microvessels (PMV) confirmed the ''in vivo'' effect to cause [[vasoconstriction]], which was inhibited by [[endothelin]] A and B antagonists. The pressor dose response characteristic of CCD-X on PMV was similar to that of endothelin-1 with EC<sub>50</sub> close to 100 ng. It was concluded from these studies that, the aqueous extract exhibited a vasoconstrictor effect -possibly alpha-<sub>2</sub> mediated like yohimbine. However, it possessed additional effects as an andothelin receptor A and B agonist, and also released nitric oxide. The possibility of a post-receptor cross-talk among ET-B, alpha-2 receptors and NO release was also considered. [[Thin layer chromatography]] showed that the bark is rich in [[sesquiterpene]]s, and has [[antifungal medication|antifungal]] and [[antibiotic]] properties as well. Whether CCD-X will be useful in [[sickle cell disease]] (releasing NO) is unknown. Further basic and clinical research are needed before the effects of Burantashi can be effectively evaluated. |
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==See also== |
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* [[Sani Abacha]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 18:16, 30 November 2022
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Burantashi (literally "penis get up") is a native Hausa-Fulani powder derived from the bark of the African tree Pausinystalia johimbe.
Burantashi is used as a food additive to barbecued meat (suya) in Nigeria, especially the Northern parts. The extracts contain the alkaloid yohimbine, an alpha-2 antagonist that has been studied for treating erectile dysfunction, but the whole bark of the tree was not studied until recently. In one recent study, pure Burantashi powder obtained from a local suya vendor in Lagos, Nigeria was extracted aqueously and studied on the renal circulation of Sprague-Dawley rats.[1] In the in vivo study, the extract code-named "CCD-X", caused a rise in mean arterial pressure (MAP), and a rise in renal medullary blood flow (MBF). This systemic vasoconstrictor and renal medullary dilator action was attenuated separately by the endothelin -A receptor blocker - BMS-182874, ET-B blocker -BQ788, but blocked by their combination.[1] Further, the nitric oxide inhibitor (NO), L-Nomega - nitro-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) 10 mg/kg totally inhibited the rise in medullary blood flow due to CCD-X. In vitro studies in isolated perfused kidneys (IPK) and in pressurised microvessels (PMV) confirmed the in vivo effect to cause vasoconstriction, which was inhibited by endothelin A and B antagonists. The pressor dose response characteristic of CCD-X on PMV was similar to that of endothelin-1 with EC50 close to 100 ng. It was concluded from these studies that, the aqueous extract exhibited a vasoconstrictor effect -possibly alpha-2 mediated like yohimbine. However, it possessed additional effects as an andothelin receptor A and B agonist, and also released nitric oxide. The possibility of a post-receptor cross-talk among ET-B, alpha-2 receptors and NO release was also considered. Thin layer chromatography showed that the bark is rich in sesquiterpenes, and has antifungal and antibiotic properties as well. Whether CCD-X will be useful in sickle cell disease (releasing NO) is unknown. Further basic and clinical research are needed before the effects of Burantashi can be effectively evaluated.