|
| engine = {{unbulleted list
| '''[[Petrol engine|petrol]]:'''
| 4.25 L ''[[ZMZ-511]]'' [[V8 engine|V8]]
| 4.67 L ''[[ZMZ-511|ZMZ-5231]]'' V8
| '''[[Diesel engine|diesel]]:'''
| 3.8 L ''[[Cummins|Cummins ISF]]'' [[Turbocharger|turbo]] [[Straight-four engine|I4]]
| 4.15 L ''[[ZMZ-5441]]'' [[Air-cooled engine|air-cooled]] turbo I4
| 4.43 L ''[[YaMZ-5342]]'' turbo I4
| 4.75 L ''[[MMZ D-245.7]]'' turbo I4
}}
| transmission = 5-speed manual
'''GAZ-3307''' and '''GAZ-3309''' (nicknamed '''GAZon''') are fourth-generation [[Russia|Russian]] [[Truck|trucks]] produced by the medium-duty [[Gorky Automobile Plant]]. The [[flatbed truck]] [[carburetor]] GAZ-3307 was announced in late 1989, and the [[Turbo-diesel|turbodiesel]] truck GAZ-3309 was announced at the end of 1994.
The model was developed in 1989 on the basis of the [[GAZ-53]]. Under the designation GAZ-3309 there is a variant of the vehicle with an extended wheelbase and modified engine. The [[GAZ-3308 Sadko|GAZ-3308]] is the all-wheel-drive version, which is also used for military purposes. More than 1,5 million GAZ-3307s were built, in January 2020 production ceased after 31 years. Since 2014, a successor, the [[GAZon NEXT]], has been in production.
GAZ-3307 will replace the third-generation truck family [[GAZ-53|GAZ-52/53]], which were discontinued in early 1993. These trucks have 4.5 tons carrying capacity and are designed for use on all types of [[Road surface|paved roads]]. The fourth-generation GAZ truck family includes 5-ton diesel truck GAZ-4301 (1984-1995) and 3-ton diesel truck GAZ-3306 (1993-1995). Since 1999, Gorky has offered a 2-3 ton, all-wheel drive, all terrain truck called the [[GAZ Sadko]], with a single [[Axle|rear axle]] and busbar system for centralized control of air pressure in the tires. Since 2005, the company has offered the 4-ton all-terrain truck GAZ-33086 "Zemlyak" with a busbar gable rear axle.
==History==
==History and development of the fourth generation of GAZ trucks (4×2)==
In October 1989, GAZ launched the new GAZ-3307 model, which featured a V8 gasoline engine, a new cab and the chassis of the predecessor GAZ-53. The following year, the derivative models GAZ-33075 and GAZ-33076 appeared, both of which are equipped with the [[Zavolzhye Engine Factory|ZMZ]]-513 engine. This engine was equipped with LPG propulsion in the GAZ-33075 and natural gas propulsion in the GAZ-33076, but both models are capable of burning gasoline with at least 80 octane at the same time.
In the early 1980s, when designing the truck GAZ-3307 and other models of the fourth generation provided ample unification on sites and aggregated existing production car (the chassis and gasoline power plant, in fact, moved from model GAZ-53-12), reducing the cost of the automobiles while facilitating the maintenance, repair, and operation.
In 1994, the GAZ-3309 was introduced. This truck has an extended wheelbase and a four-cylinder diesel engine, the cylinders of which are arranged in series. Occasionally, Japanese supplier engines and six-cylinder diesel engines were also installed. In 1999, the [[GAZ Valdai|GAZ-3310 "Valdai"]] was developed on the basis of the chassis of the GAZ-3307. Around 2007, a variant with a revised design based on the GAZ-3309 was introduced, the vehicle is called "Dobrynja" (Russian: Добрыня). It is unclear whether series production took place.
The car received a more spacious, modern double cab, equipped with an efficient ventilation and heating system. This was first applied in the pilot truck GAZ-4301 in 1984.<ref>Грузовик пятилетки // "Техника молодёжи", number 1, 1985. p. 35</ref> The trials of GAZ-3307 were finished in December 1986.<ref>Ежегодник Большой Советской Энциклопедии, 1987 (вып. 31). М., «Советская энциклопедия», 1987. p. 42</ref>
The successor to the GAZ-3307 is the GAZon NEXT, which was introduced in 2014 and has been in series production ever since. From around 2016, the GAZ-3307 was no longer listed by the manufacturer in its vehicle range, but was still available to order. The GAZ-3309, on the other hand, was offered unchanged. In January 2020, production of both models was discontinued in favor of their respective successors.<ref>{{cite web |title=Старые ГАЗоны выбыли из гаммы Горьковского автозавода |url=https://news.drom.ru/78372.html |access-date=29 March 2024}}</ref>
Unlike their predecessors, these trucks have power steering. Serial production of the 4.5-ton truck GAZ-3307 (4×2) with a carburetor engine ZMZ-511 (modernized [[GAZ-53|ZMZ-53]]<ref>[https://tractorreview.ru/dvigateli/zmz/zmz-511-tehnicheskie-harakteristiki.html ЗМЗ-511: технические характеристики]</ref><ref>[https://avtomobilgaz.ru/gruzovye/gaz3307/dvigatel.html Двигатели на ГАЗ 3307]</ref><ref>[https://gaz24.info/wp/dvygately-v8-zmz-konstrukcyja-harakterystyky-ystoryja-razrabotky/ Двигатели V8 ЗМЗ конструкция, характеристики, история разработки]</ref>) 125 HP began in late 1989.
In 1992, the GAZ deployed mass production of the 5-ton truck GAZ-4301 6-cylinder air-cooled diesel engine GAZ-542 125 HP. It was manufactured under license from the German company [[Deutz AG]], as well as agricultural truck GAZ-SAZ-4509 on its chassis for operation in the 8.6-tonne tipper lorry convoy GAZ-6008 (truck GAZ-4509 + trailer GKB-8536). With significant structural differences, such as wheels for models 3307 and 4301 are not interchangeable, cars are almost identical in appearance. GAZ-4301 production continued until 1995. A total of 28,158 trucks of GAZ-4301 were produced.
In 1993, the production of the replacement model GAZ-52 3-ton truck GAZ-3306 4-cylinder air-cooled diesel engine GAZ-544 85 HO started. According to some sources in 1992, the truck was released in a limited edition of 2.5 ton modification 33061 with carburetor engine from GAZ-52. The production of three-ton GAZ-3306 (mainly in the performance of "Cargo Taxi") continued until 1995.
In late 1994, with the development of the four issue at GAZ diesel turbo air cooling GAZ-5441 115 HP, the model GAZ-3309 with a carrying capacity 4.5 ton, completely unified the chassis and cab with GAZ-3307. By mid-1996, it was completely replaced with a conveyor truck carburetor 3307. In mid-199, its own production of diesel " air-vent " at GAZ was considered uneconomical, resulting in release of the model 3309, which was further suspended until the end of 2001, and the production of 4.5-thin carburetor GAZ-3307 was restored. Subsequently, gas replaced Belarusian diesels MMZ D-245.7 at the [[Minsk]] Motor Plant (MMZ), and the production of the 3309 model resumed.
Since 1999, GAZ produced the fourth family truck which was a four-wheel drive (4×4) car - the [[GAZ Sadko]] for the army (capacity 2 tons) and its civilian (2.3 m) version.
Around 2006, GAZ-3307, GAZ-3309, and GAZ-3308 installed petrol and diesel engines certified Euro-2 for environmental standards, and Euro-3 since 2008. Large scale production of 3307 and 3308 models with petrol engines ZMZ was discontinued in 2009; however, restricted production continued for government agencies. In 2010–2012, medium-duty trucks GAZ (4×2) diesel engine was fitted with a predominantly MMZ D-245.7 E-3 (model 3309), and all-wheel drive (4×4) Model 33081 "Sadko" and 33086 "Countryman" - diesel engine MMZ D-245.7 E-2. Since 2013, all trucks of the GAZ 4- generation received the turbo MMZ D-245.7 E-4 power 119 HP as the base engine.
Since 2012, the GAZ-33096 was modified for diesel and was certified under Euro-4 in 2013. In February 2013, the GAZ-33098 series was modified with the Russian diesel engine YaMZ-5342.10 having Euro-4 certification, as well as a new version of the truck, the all-terrain vehicle GAZ-33088 was introduced. In June 2014 GAZ presented a new version, with the unofficial name of [[Sadko Next]] with an increased carrying capacity of 3 tons, and also the new version of GAZ-3309.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://autompv.ru/new-auto/13107-gazon-next-i-sadko-next-2015.html|title=Новый ГАЗон Некст и Садко Некст 2022: цена, фото, характеристики, видео, обзор Next 10|date=6 January 2022}}</ref>
Many other models were produced during the 31-year production period, which were identified by numerals appended to the basic designation GAZ-3307. In the case of special superstructures, the typing was also completely deviated from. A total of 1.5 million units were built, of which at least 900,000 were for the Russian market.<ref>{{cite web |title=Article on the appearance of the successor with notes on the number of units of the GAZ-3307 (Russian) |url=https://www.vgoroden.ru/novosti/prodazhi-srednetonnazhnogo-avtomobilya-gazon-next-startovali-v-nizhnem-novgorode-id278208 |access-date=29 March 2024}}</ref> The [[KAvZ]]-3976 bus was also built on the basis of the GAZ-3307, which took over the chassis and part of the body. The engine was also installed in different variants of the GAZ-3307.
[[File:GAZ-3309.jpg|thumb|Van based chassis GAZ-33091 with a long base]]
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