Mongoloid and Talk:Type-Moon: Difference between pages

Content deleted Content added

Inline

Revision as of 05:27, 11 July 2007

Keep it uncapped.

See Wikipedia:Manual of Style (trademarks):
Follow standard English text formatting and capitalization rules even if the trademark owner encourages special treatment.
The issue has also been brought up at articles such as Bleach (manga) and Naruto and it is policy to keep things normal. Please do not revert back to the capped version.--SeizureDog 11:55, 1 January 2007 (UTC)

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{WikiProject Visual novels|class=B}}
-{{sprotected}}
-{{Cleanup|date=March 2007}}
-{{unreliable|article}}
+== Keep it uncapped. ==
-{{dablink|'''Mongolism''' was formerly employed to describe people with [[Down syndrome]]. For the song by [[Devo]], see [[Mongoloid (song)]].}}
+See [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style (trademarks)]]:<br>
-The term '''Mongoloid''' is a variation of the word "Mongol", meaning "Mongol-like". It was coined as a racial category to describe the distinctive appearance of [[East Asia]]n peoples.  Variations include '''Mongolian race''', "'''Sinoid'''" or "'''Mongolid'''". Today it is most used in discussions of human prehistory, [[Race (historical definitions)|historical definitions of race]] and in the [[forensic]] analysis of human remains. The concept's existence is based on the now discredited typological method of racial classification.<ref>O'Neil, Dennis. Palomar College. "Biological Anthropology Terms." 2006. [[May 13]], [[2007]].  [http://anthro.palomar.edu/tutorials/pglossary.htm]</ref> In [[forensics]], Mongoloid is considered a skull type that is used to determine the probable soft-tissue reconstruction of discovered human remains.  The ''-oid'' racial terms are now often controversial in both technical and non-technical contexts and may sometimes give offense no matter how they are used.<ref>American Heritage Book of English Usage.  Houghton Mifflin Company.  1996.  <http://www.bartleby.com/64/C006/046.html#MONGOLOID>.</ref> This is especially true of "Mongoloid" because it has also been used as a synonym for persons with [[Down Syndrome]], and in US English as a generic insult meaning "idiot".<ref>[http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=945 Down Syndrome Was Not Discovered By Dr. Down]</ref><ref>[http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=mongoliod Urban dictionary]</ref>
+''Follow standard English text formatting and capitalization rules '''even if the trademark owner encourages special treatment'''.''<br>
+The issue has also been brought up at articles such as [[Bleach (manga)]] and [[Naruto]] and it is policy to keep things normal. Please do not revert back to the capped version.--[[User:SeizureDog|SeizureDog]] 11:55, 1 January 2007 (UTC)
-==History of the term==
-[[Image:Huxleyraces.gif|thumb|250px|Thomas Huxley's map of racial categories from ''On the Geographical Distribution of the Chief Modifications of Mankind''. The Mongoloid group appears orange at what Huxley believed to be its point of origin, and radiates over Asia and America in variant forms, signified by color changes from pale orange to green to green-brown]]The term comes from the [[Mongols|Mongolian]] people of East Asia, who had a reputation in Europe for ruthless expansionism and massacre of enemy populations. The "Mongolian" or "yellow race" was defined by [[Johann Blumenbach]] to describe the peoples of East Asia. In the nineteenth century [[Georges Cuvier]] used the term "Mongolian" again as a racial classification, but additionally included American Indians under the term.<ref>[The End of Racism by D'nesh D'Souza, pg 124]</ref>  Later, [[Thomas Huxley]] changed the terminology to Mongoloid and included American Indians but excluded Arctic Native Americans.<ref>[http://aleph0.clarku.edu/huxley/SM3/GeoDis.html Huxley, Thomas, On the Geographical Distribution of the Chief Modifications of Mankind. 1870. August 14, 2006.]</ref> Other nomenclatures were proposed, such as "Mesochroi",<ref>James Dallas, "On the Primary Divisions and Geographical Distributions of Mankind", 1886 ''Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland'', p.204-10. James describes this as "equivalent to Professor Huxley's Mongoloid division" and as encompassing "Mongols and American Indians"</ref>  but Mongoloid was widely adopted.  In the 20th century, [[Carleton S. Coon]] used the term but added on Pacific Islanders into the category.<ref>[http://www.as.ua.edu/ant/bindon/ant275/presentations/POST_WWII.PDF Jim Bindon, University of Alabama, Post WW2 notions about Human Variation]</ref>
-Geneticist [[Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza]] found that there is a genetic division between East and Southeast Asians<ref>[http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/95/20/11501 The Chinese Human Genome Diversity Project, L. Luca Cavalli-Sforza]</ref>  In a like manner, Zhou Jixu agrees that here is a physical difference between these two populations.<ref>http://sino-platonic.org/complete/spp175_chinese_civilization_agriculture.pdf
-The Rise of Agricultural Civilization in China, Sino-Platonic Papers 175, Zhou Jixu, citing Ho Ping-ti, ISBN 0226345246</ref>  The complexity of genetic data have led to doubt about the usefulness of the concept of a Mongoloid race itself, since distinctive East Asian features may represent separate lineages and arise from environmental adaptations.<ref>Encyclopedia Britannica, Mongoloid</ref>
-==Usage==
-For the above reasons "Mongoloid" is now used in forensics to define a set of physical traits and is not equivalent to contemporary or historical definitions of racial or social groups. Some current terms for the latter are [[Asian people|Asian]], East Asian, Southeast Asian<ref>[http://www.thefreedictionary.com/oriental Definitions of Oriental]</ref>
-===Down Syndrome===
-Since people with [[Down syndrome]] may appear to look East Asian, the condition was formally called "Mongol" or "Mongoloid Idiocy"<ref>http://www.down-syndrome.info/library/periodicals/dsrp/06/1/019/DSRP-06-1-019-EN-GB.htm Ward, Connor O. John Langson Down the man and the message. 2006. [[August 26]], [[2006]]]</ref> [[John Langdon Down]], for whom the syndrome was named, claimed in his book ''Observations on the Ethnic Classification of Idiots '' (1866), that the Mongol-like features represented an alleged evolutionary [[degeneration]] when manifested in [[Caucasoid]]s. Though this view was discounted in the 20th century, the use of the term "Mongoloid" for racial purposes has acquired offensive connotations because of the connection with Downs syndrome.
-==Features==
-Cranial morphology is typically [[brachycephalic]] (round-headed) with high-set [[zygoma]] (cheekbones). Faces are relatively broad and flat, while noses are typically small with low nasal bridges and minimal nasal projection. Body hair is scarce and sweat glands are also fewer. Nevertheless, [[mesocephalic]] craniology (intermediate between round and oval), somewhat higher nasal bridges, and greater facial and body hair may sometimes also occur. <!-- Image with unknown copyright status removed: [[Image:Skullmong.gif|100 px|thumb|Mongoloid skull]] --> <ref> [http://beckerexhibits.wustl.edu/mowihsp/words/TrotterReport.htm Trotter, Mildred.  Women in Health and Science.  Operations at Central Identification Laboratory. 2004.  September 2, 2006.]</ref> In the oldest dated Chinese Homo sapiens remains, Mongoloid characteristics are discernable. <ref>Roberts,  J: "History of the World.". Penguin, 1994.</ref>
-There is a physical difference between Mongoloids in South Asia, Southeast Asia and East Asia. The people of East Asia are called "North Mongoloids".<ref>[http://www.ainu-museum.or.jp/english/eng01.html Ainu Museum]</ref> Similarly, Southeast Asians are called "South Mongoloids".<ref>[http://www.ainu-museum.or.jp/english/eng01.html Ainu Museum. The Ainu People]</ref> [[Ainu people]] may either be Southern Mongoloids<ref>[http://www.ainu-museum.or.jp/english/eng01.html Ainu Museum. The Ainu People]</ref> or not.<ref>[http://www.bartleby.com/65/ai/Ainu.html The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Ainu. 2001-05.]</ref> Vikrant Kumar et al. finds that the [[Indo Mongoloid|South Asian Mongoloids]] in [[North-East India]] are of diverse origins. <ref>[http://www.geocities.com/vetinarilord/india.pdf#search=%22genetic%20mongoloid%22 Kumar, Vikrant. Bashu, Debashis. Reddy, Mohon.  Genetic Homogeneity in Northeastern India: Reflection of Tribe Caste Continuum in Genetic Structure. 2004.  September 9, 2006.]</ref>
-==See also==
-*[[Craniofacial anthropometry]]
-==Footnotes==
-{{reflist}}
-==External links==
-*[http://kennethomura.tripod.com/asian_skulls/ Asian Skulls] This website discusses the variation in Asian skulls. <!-- This external link should be on this page because the website discusses the skulls of East Asians and Southeast Asians which the Mongoloid page deals with because it talks about skull type.  The Mongoloid page has a picture of a typical Mongoloid skull, but does not show different skull types present on Mongoloids.  This website discusses variation in skull types among Mongoloids, so it adds to the page. -->
-*[http://www-personal.une.edu.au/~pbrown3/brown99.pdf The first modern East Asians? Another look at Upper Cave 101, Liujiang and Minatogawa]
-*[http://www.mankindquarterly.org/samples/niskanenbalticcorrected.pdf The Origin of the Baltic-Finns from the Physical Anthropological Point of View, Niskanen 2002 ]
-* [[:s:The New Student's Reference Work/Yellow Race, The|The New Student's Reference Work/Yellow Race, The]] (historical)
-[[Category:Race (historical definitions)]]
-[[de:Mongolide]]
-[[es:Mongoloide]]
-[[id:Ras Mongoloid]]
-[[ja:モンゴロイド]]
-[[pl:żółta rasa człowieka]]
-[[sk:Mongoloidná rasa]]
-[[fi:Mongolidi]]
-[[vi:Đại chủng Á]]
-[[zh:黃色人種]]