Jump to content

Sachin Tendulkar and Physical change: Difference between pages

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Difference between pages)
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Lokmahi (talk | contribs)
12 edits
 
Undid revision 154088131 by 24.56.16.113 (talk)
 
Line 1: Line 1:
A '''physical change''' involves the change in a [[chemical substance|substance]] that does not involve a [[chemical reaction]], as opposed to a [[chemical change]]. Since no reaction occurs, there are no chemical substances present after a physical change that were not there before the change. Because of this, a physical change is often said to be reversible. However, this definition is sometimes misleading, as many physical changes are difficult to reverse (such as cutting paper) and some chemical reactions reverse very easily (see [[reversible reaction]]).
{{sprotected}}
{{cleanup-reason|March 2007|Loads of unrelated and personal opinions, quality of page needs to be improved, more references required}}
{{Copyedit|date=June 2007}}
{{Infobox Cricketer |
flag = Flag of India.svg |
nationality = Indian |
country = India |
country abbrev = IND |
name = Sachin Tendulkar |
batting style = Right hand bat |
bowling style = Right arm [[leg spin|leg break]] <br> Right arm [[off spin|off break]] <br> Right arm [[Fast bowling|medium]] |
balls = true |
tests = 140 |
test runs = 11,149 |
test bat avg = 55.19 |
test top score = 248* |
test 100s/50s = 37/45 |
test overs = 3420 |
test wickets = 41 |
test bowl avg = 48.36 |
test 5s = 0 |
test 10s = 0 |
test best bowling = 3/10 |
test catches/stumpings = 89/0 |
ODIs = 388 |
ODI runs = 15,051 |
ODI bat avg = 44.13 |
ODI 100s/50s = 41/79 |
ODI top score = 186* |
ODI overs = 7793 |
ODI wickets = 152 |
ODI bowl avg = 43.19 |
ODI 5s = 2 |
ODI 10s = 0 |
ODI best bowling = 5/32 |
ODI catches/stumpings = 116/0 |
date = July 28|
year = 2007 |
source = http://www.cricinfo.com/db/PLAYERS/IND/T/TENDULKAR_SR_06001934/
}}
'''Sachin Ramesh Tendulkar''' {{audio|Sachin_Tendulkar.ogg|pronunciation}} ([[Marathi language|Marathi]]: सचिन तेंडुलकर), (born [[24 April]], [[1973]]) affectionately called 'The Little Master', or 'The Master Blaster'<ref>[http://www.hindu.com/2004/12/12/stories/2004121202031900.htm 'The Hindu' Indian National Newspaper Article on Sachin's 34th Century]</ref><ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/6462199.stm BBC Article, ''Tendulkar achieves superhero status'']</ref> is a current [[Indian cricket team|Indian cricketer]] who was rated by [[Wisden]] in [[2002]] as the second greatest Test Cricket and ODI [[batsman]] of all time<ref name="Tribune1">[[The Tribune]] http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20021214/sports.htm#4. Dec 14, 2002</ref> after the legendary [[Donald Bradman|Sir Don Bradman]] and [[Viv Richards]] respectively. He holds multiple records such as the leading Test century scorer, leading ODI century scorer, one of only three batsmen to surpass 11,000 runs in test cricket as well as being the first Indian to do so,<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/cricket/england/6920850.stm ''2nd Test England v India''] [[BBC News]] retrieved [[July 28]] [[2007]]</ref>and the most career ODI runs and most overall career run tally.


Another way in which the distinction between chemical and physical changes is often expressed is to state that only chemical reactions involve the rearrangement of atoms. Again, this distinction may again be misleading because cutting a piece of paper is a rearrangement of atoms.
Tendulkar made his international debut in [[1989]] and is an all-time crowd-favorite. He is the only Indian cricketer to receive the [[Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna]], India's highest sporting honour for his performance in [[1997]]-[[1998]]. Many of his fellow players, past and present, and cricket experts, regard him as one of the greatest batsmen the game has ever seen.


Examples of physical change include:
== Personal life ==
* Change of state (such as solid to liquid)
* Creation or separation of a [[mixture]] (including homogeneous mixtures, where the solute may not be visible)
* Physical deformation (cutting, denting, stretching, etc.)
* Physical relocation (moving an object)
* Change in color by addition of dye


Some expanded examples:
[[Image:Tendulkar six.jpg|thumb|290px|Tendulkar hitting a six, Challenger Series 2006, M.A.Chidambaram Stadium]]
* If a piece of paper is cut up into small pieces it still is paper. This is a physical change in the shape and size of the paper. If the same piece of paper is burned, it is broken up into different substances that are not paper, and thus burning is a chemical reaction. (Paper itself is a mixture of substances.)
*If one decided to mix sugar into water to make sugar water, this would be a physical change as the water could be evaporated and sugar crystals would reappear. However, if one baked a cake with flour, water, sugar and other ingredients, new substances would appear. It would take extraordinary means to return the various ingredients out to their original form. Chemical reactions occur in the baking process, and the changes are chemical changes.


Born to a middle class family of [[Rajapur Saraswat Brahmins]] in [[Bombay]], now known as [[Mumbai]]. His father Ramesh Tendulkar, a Marathi novelist named him after his favourite music director [[Sachin Dev Burman]]. He was encouraged to play cricket by his elder brother, Ajit Tendulkar. He has 2 more siblings - brother Nitin Tendulkar and sister Savitai Tendulkar. Nitin's son Rohan Tendulkar born in 1990 is also a cricketer and represents Mumbai in junior cricket tournaments.


[[Category:Science]]
In 1995, Sachin Tendulkar married Anjali Tendulkar (born 13 feb 1971), the [[paediatrician]] daughter of Gujarati industrialist Anand Mehta. They have two children, Sara (born 12 October 1997) and Arjun (born 23 September, 2000).
{{science-stub}}


Tendulkar sponsors 200 under-privileged children, every year through Apnalaya, a Mumbai-based [[NGO]] associated with his mother-in-law, Annaben Mehta. He is reluctant to speak about this, or other charitable activities, choosing to preserve the sanctity of his personal life despite the overwhelming media interest in him.


[[zh:物理變化]]
== Career ==

===Early days of cricket===
He attended Sharadashram Vidyamandir School where he began his cricketing career under the guidance of his coach and mentor [[Ramakant Achrekar]]. During his early days as a schoolboy cricketer he went to the MRF pace academy to train as a pace bowler but was sent back home. The man who turned him back was legendary fast bowler Dennis Lillee who told the young Tendulkar, 'Just focus on your batting'. This simple comment would result in the birth of one of the greatest batsmen of all time.

While at school, he was involved in unbroken 664-run [[partnership (cricket)|partnership]] in a Harris Shield game in 1988 with friend and team mate [[Vinod Kambli]], who also went on to represent India. The destructive pair reduced one bowler to tears and made the rest of the opposition unwilling to continue the game. Sachin scored over 320 in this innings and scored over a thousand runs in the tournament. This was the record partnership in any form of cricket, until [[2006]] when it was broken by two under-13 batsmen in a match held at [[Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh|Hyderabad]] in [[India]]. When he was 14 Indian batting maestro Sunil Gavaskar gave him a pair of his used ultra light pads. "It was the greatest source of encouragement for me," he said nearly 20 years later after passing Gavaskar's top world record of 34 Test centuries.

=== Domestic career ===

In 1988/1989, he scored 100 not-out in his first [[first-class cricket|first-class]] match for [[Mumbai cricket team|Bombay]] against [[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]]. At 15 years and 232 days he is the youngest cricketer to score a century on his first-class debut.

Sachin Tendulkar is the only player to score a century while making his [[Ranji Trophy]], [[Duleep Trophy]] and [[Irani Trophy]] debut.

=== International career ===

Tendulkar is ambidextrous, he bats, bowls and throws with his right hand, but prefers to write with his left hand. He also practices left-handed throws at the nets on a regular basis. Tendulkar played his first Test match against [[Pakistani cricket team|Pakistan]] in [[Karachi]] in 1989. He made just 15 runs, being bowled by Waqar Younis, who also made his debut in that match. Tendulkar followed it up with his maiden [[Test cricket|Test]] fifty a few days later at [[Faisalabad]]. His [[One-day International]] (ODI) debut on [[December 18]] was disappointing. He was dismissed without scoring a run, again by Waqar Younis. The series was followed by a tour of [[New Zealand]] in which he fell for 88 in the Second Test. His maiden Test century came in next tour, to [[England]] in August 1990 at [[Old Trafford (cricket)|Old Trafford]]. Tendulkar further enhanced his development into a world-class batsman during the 1991–1992 tour of [[Australia]] that included an unbeaten 148 in [[Sydney Cricket Ground|Sydney]] (the first of many battles against [[Shane Warne]] who made his debut in the match) and a century on the fast and bouncy track at Perth. He has been [[Man of the Match]] 11 times in Test matches and [[Man of the Series]] twice, both times in the [[Border-Gavaskar Trophy]] against [[Australian cricket team|Australia]].

Tendulkar's performance through the years 1994–1999, coincided with his physical peak, at age 20 through 25. Tendulkar was told to open the batting at [[Auckland]] against New Zealand in 1994.<ref> [http://www.cricinfo.com/link_to_database/ARCHIVE/1993-94/IND_IN_NZ/IND_NZ_ODI2_27MAR1994.html Cricinfo Ind v NZ Mar 27, 1994 match report]</ref> He went on to make 82 runs off 49 balls. His first ODI century came on [[September 9]], [[1994]] against Australia in [[Sri Lanka]] at [[Colombo]]. It had taken Tendulkar 79 ODIs to score a century.

Tendulkar's rise continued when he was the leading run scorer at the [[1996 Cricket World Cup]], topping the batting averages whilst scoring two centuries.

This was the beginning of a period at the top of the batting world, culminating in the Australian tour of India in early 1998, scoring three consecutive centuries. These were characterised by a pre-meditated plan to target Australian spinners [[Shane Warne]] and [[Gavin Robertson]], to whom he regularly charged down the pitch to drive over the infield. This technique worked as India beat Australia. Following the series Australian spinner [[Shane Warne]] ruefully joked that he was having nightmares about his Indian nemesis.<ref>SportNetwork.net http://www.sportnetwork.net/main/s119/st62164.htm. ''Down Memory Lane - Shane Warne's nightmare''. Nov 29, 2004</ref>

Indian Captain Mohd. Azharuddin was going through a lean patch and India were playing against Pakistan in Sharjah 1997. Sachin and Navjot Siddhu hit 100's to set a record partnership for the first wicket. Sachin returned back after getting out and found Azhar in two minds to bat out. Sachin boosted Azhar to bat and Azhar unleashed 29 runs in mere 10 balls. It enabled India post a score in excess of 300 runs for the first time. India went on to win that match.

A chronic back problem flared up when Pakistan toured India in 1999, with India losing the historic Test at [[Chepauk]] despite a gritty century from Tendulkar himself. Worse was to come as Professor Ramesh Tendulkar, Tendulkar's father, died in the middle of the [[1999 Cricket World Cup]]. Tendulkar flew back to India to attend the final rituals of his father, missing the match against [[Zimbabwe]]. However, he returned with a bang to the World cup scoring a century (unbeaten 140 off 101 balls) in his very next match against [[Kenya]] in [[Bristol]]. He dedicated this century to his father.<ref>[http://usa.cricinfo.com/link_to_database/ARCHIVE/WORLD_CUPS/WC99/SCORECARDS/GROUP-A/IND_KENYA_WC99_ODI15_23MAY1999_CI_MR.html Report on 1999 WorldCup match against Kenya]</ref>

Tendulkar, succeeding [[Mohammad Azharuddin]] as captain, then led India on a tour of Australia, where the visitors were comprehensively beaten 3-0<ref> [http://aus.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1999-2000/IND_IN_AUS/SCORECARDS/IND_AUS_T2_26-30DEC1999.html Cricinfo match report AUS v IND 3rd Test 26-30 Dec 1999]</ref> by the newly-crowned world champions. After another Test series defeat, this time by a 0-2 margin at home against South Africa, Tendulkar resigned, and [[Sourav Ganguly]] took over as captain in 2000.

Tendulkar made 673 runs in 11 matches in the 2003 World Cup, helping India reach the final. While Australia retained the trophy that it had won in 1999, Tendulkar was given the Man of the Series award. The drawn series as India toured Australia in 2003–2004 saw Tendulkar making his mark in the last Test of the series, with a double century in [[Sydney Cricket Ground|Sydney]], which was also the last test appearance of one of cricket history's most successful captain Steve Waugh. [[Tennis elbow]] then took its toll on Tendulkar, leaving him out of the side for the first two Tests when [[Australian cricket team|Australia]] toured India in 2004. He played a part in the face-saving Indian victory in Mumbai, though Australia had already taken the series 2-1, with the Second Test in Chennai drawn.

Sachin is an integral part of Think-Tank. He's often found discussing with the captain and involved in building strategies. Current Captain, Rahul Dravid publicly acknowledged that it was Sachin, who suggested to promote Irfan Pathan to #3. Pathan's swash buckling batting did impress every one, but he was later removed from that position, as his bowling started to be less effective and he would need to concentrate more on his bowling.

On 10 December, 2005, at [[Feroz Shah Kotla]], he delighted fans with a record-breaking 35th Test century, against the [[Sri Lankan cricket team|Sri Lankans]].

On [[6 February]], [[2006]], Tendulkar scored his 39th ODI hundred, in a match against Pakistan. He followed with a run-a-ball 42 in the second ODI against Pakistan on February 11, 2006, and then a 95 in hostile, seaming conditions on 13 February, 2006 in Lahore, which set up an Indian victory.

On [[19 March]], [[2006]], after scoring an unconvincing 1 off 21 balls against [[English cricket team|England]] in the first innings of the third Test in his home ground, [[Wankhede Stadium|Wankhede]], Tendulkar was booed off the ground by a section of the crowd,<ref> India Daily http://www.indiadaily.org/entry/sachin-tendulkar-booed-by-wankhede-crowd/ Mar 20, 2006</ref> the first time that he has ever faced such flak. While cheered on when he came for his second innings, Tendulkar, was the top scorer in the second innings<ref>http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2005-06/ENG_IN_IND/SCORECARDS/ENG_IND_T3_18-22MAR2006.html</ref> and yet was to end the three-Test series without a single half-century to his credit, and news of a shoulder operation raised more questions about his longevity.

Tendulkar was operated upon for his injured shoulder forcing him to skip the tour of [[West Indies]] in 2006.

On [[23 May]], [[2006]], after deciding not to undergo a scheduled fitness test, he announced he would miss the tour of the Caribbean for the Test series. However he agreed to play 5 games for [[Lashings World XI]] in order to regain fitness for a possible August comeback. He had scored 155, 147(retired), 98, 101(retired) & 105 in the 5 matches for Lashings XI with strike rate of well above 100 and was the top scorer in all the matches.

Also in his first Twenty20 match with international opposition, although unofficial, Tendulkar hit 50 not out off 21 deliveries to blast the International XI to 123 after 10 overs against the Pakistan XI.

However as of July,2006 The [[Board of Control for Cricket in India]] (BCCI) announced that the longest-serving international cricketer has overcome his injury problem following a rehabilitation programme and is available for selection.

He then came for the DLF cup in [[Malaysia]] and became the only Indian batsman to shine. In his most recent comeback match, against West Indies on 14th September 2006, Tendulkar responded to his critics who believed that his career was inexorably sliding with his 40th ODI century. Though he scored 141*, West Indies won the rain-affected match by the [[Duckworth-Lewis method|D/L method]].
In January 2007 Tendulkar scored a 76-ball century against the West Indies which makes it his 41st ODI century. He reached a hundred on the last ball of the Indian innings. Tendulkar now has 17 more ODI tons than [[Sanath Jayasuriya]] who is second on the list of ODI century-makers.<ref>http://usa.cricinfo.com/db/STATS/ODIS/BATTING/ODI_MOST_100S.html</ref>

[[Wisden]] named Tendulkar one of the [[Wisden Cricketer of the Year|Cricketers of the Year]] in 1997, the first calendar year in which he scored 1,000 Test runs. He repeated the feat in 1999, 2001, and 2002. Tendulkar also holds the record for scoring 1,000 ODI runs in a calendar year. He has done it six times - 1994, 1996, 1997, 1998, 2000 and 2003. In 1998 he made 1,894 ODI runs, still the record for ODI runs by any batsman in any given calendar year.

At [[Cricket World Cup 2007]] in the [[West Indies]], Tendulkar and the [[Indian cricket team]], led by Rahul Dravid had a dismal campaign. Tendulkar, who was pushed to bat lower down the order by the Coach Greg Chappel had scores of 7 ([[Bangladesh cricket team|Bangladesh]]), 57* ([[Bermuda cricket team|Bermuda]]) and 0 ([[Sri Lanka cricket team|Sri Lanka]]). As a result, former [[Australia]]n captain [[Ian Chappell]], brother of former Indian coach [[Greg Chappell|Greg]], called for Tendulkar to retire in his column for Mumbai's Mid Day newspaper<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/cricket/6509767.stm</ref>

Tendulkar was named the man of the Series in the subsequent Test series against Bangladesh.

He scored two consecutive scores of 90+ in the Series against South Africa.<ref>http://www.icc-cricket.com/icc/odi/</ref>

He is now the only cricketer to complete 13,000-14,000 and 15,000 runs in ODI form of the game.

On the second day of Nottingham test (July 28, 2007) Sachin became the third cricketer to complete 11000 test runs. <ref> http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/engvind/content/current/story/304149.html </ref>.

=== Bowling ===

While not a regular bowler, Tendulkar has taken 41 wickets in 137 Tests and 152 wickets in 388 ODIs. He can bowl medium-pace,[[leg spin]] and [[off-spin]] with equal ease. He often bowls when two batsmen have been batting together for a long period, and can often be a useful partnership breaker. Though his Test bowling average is around 48 and his ODI bowling average above 40, he is considered<ref>http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/93592.html</ref> as the man with the Golden arm<ref>http://www.bangladeshobserveronline.com/new/2004/08/02/sports.htm</ref> who breaks partnerships.<ref>[http://www.cricket.org.pk/db/ARCHIVE/1998-99/IND_IN_NZ/SCORECARDS/IND_NZ_ODI1_09JAN1999_CI_MR.html Cricinfo Match Report, Ind-NZ 09-Jan-1999]</ref>

On more than one occasion,<ref>http://www.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2004-05/PAK_IN_IND/SCORECARDS/PAK_IND_ODI1_02APR2005.html</ref> he has had a strong influence on an Indian victory with his bowling. Notable among his bowling exploits are:

* 5 wicket haul against Australia<ref>[http://www.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1997-98/OD_TOURNEYS/PTC/IND_AUS_PTC_ODI1_01APR1998.html Cricinfo Match Report, IND-AUS 01-Apr-1998]</ref> at Kochi in the 1997–98 Series. Set 269 runs to win, Australia were cruising comfortably at 203/3 in the 31st over. Sachin turned the match for India taking wickets of [[Michael Bevan]], [[Steve Waugh]], [[Darren Lehmann]], [[Tom Moody]] and [[Damien Martyn]] for just 32 runs in 10 overs.
* Final over control against [[South African cricket team|South Africa]] in [[1993]] Hero-cup semifinals. South Africa needed 6 runs to win the match in the final over. Sachin, bowling 3 dot balls in that over, conceded just 3 runs to help India win the match and reach the Finals of the tournament.<ref>http://usa.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1993-94/OD_TOURNEYS/CAB/IND_RSA_CAB_ODI-SEMI1_24NOV1993_MR</ref>
* Performance of 4/34 in 10 overs against West Indies<ref>http://www.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1991-92/OD_TOURNEYS/WLSTPY/WI_IND_WLSTPY_ODI5_22OCT1991.html</ref> in Sharjah where the Windies were bowled out for 145.
* He single handedly won the ICC 1998 quarterfinal at Dhaka to pave way for India's entry into the Semifinals, when he took 4 Australian wickets after scoring 141 runs in just 128 balls.
* Tendulkar took three wickets on the final day of the famous Kolkata Test against Australia in 2001, which India won after following on, 274 runs behind on the first innings. Tendulkar took the key wickets of [[Matthew Hayden]] — who made a hundred in the previous Test at Mumbai and a double century in the next — and [[Adam Gilchrist]], another centurion at Mumbai.
* The googly that got Moin Khan's wicket during the first test match in Multan is still considered to be most memorable delivery bowled by Sachin in test matches.

=== Criticism ===
* Kapil Dev became the biggest Indian Cricket Legend to question Sachin's ability to perform under pressure.<ref> http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/007200707242140.htm </ref> His critism came after Sachin got out cheaply in both innings in what could be his last test match at Lords (Jul 19-23,2007 <ref> http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/engvind/engine/current/match/258468.html</ref>) . Tendulkar made a gritty 91, before he was wrong given LBW, to help India earn a famous win in the very next Test.<ref>http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/engvind/engine/current/match/258469.html</ref>

* Despite his record of scoring the most Test centuries, none of Tendulkar's innings found a place in the [[Wisden 100]], a statistics-based list released by [[Wisden]] in 2001 of the 100 "greatest Test batting performances". Wisden stated that most of his best performances had come in draws and defeats, and so received a much lower weighting as they did not contribute to a victory.<ref>http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/96675.html</ref>

* His two tenures as captain of the Indian cricket team were not very successful. When Sachin took over as Captain in 1996, it was with huge hopes and expectations. However, by 1997 the team was performing poorly. Azharuddin was credited with saying "Nahin jeetega! Chote ki naseeb main jeet nahin hai!",<ref>http://www.rediff.com/sports/2000/feb/05arm.htm</ref> which translates into: "He won't win! It's not in the Shorty's destiny". During his second run, after constantly complaining that the national selectors weren't giving him the team he wanted, he resigned after a disastrous tour of Australia where India lost 0-3 in the Tests and managed to win only one of 8 ODIs. Incidentally, he was named Man of the Series for the Test matches.

* Sachin was also allegedly criticized by erstwhile Indian coach [[Greg Chappell]] on his attitude.<ref> http://worldcup.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1850356.cms </ref> As per the report, Chappell felt that Tendulkar would be more useful down the order, while the latter felt that he would be better off opening the innings which he has been doing for major portion of his career. Chappell also believed that Tendulkar's repeated failures were hurting the team's chances. In a rare show of emotion, Tendulkar hit out at the comments attributed to Chappell by pointing out that no coach has ever mentioned about his attitude being incorrect. On April 7, 2007, the Board of Control for Cricket in India issued a notice to Sachin Tendulkar asking for an explanation for his comments made to the media. <ref> http://www.jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20070405/sports/sports13.html </ref>

* Along with team mates [[VVS Laxman]] and [[Sourav Ganguly]] his form against the stronger Test nations has been, by his standards, poor since the Pakistan tour in early 2004. Excluding runs against [[Zimbabwe]] and [[Bangladesh]] his average over this period has been 31.19. Laxman and Ganguly have similarly averaged 32.19 and 29.40 respectively. [http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/columns/content/current/story/303374.html]

=== Controversies ===

Sachin has always made effort to stay out of controversies and he did have fair amount of success in staying away from trouble. However, on & off the field, he had rare 'bad days' which doesn't reflect on the true nature of the batting maestro.

* '''Ferrari Custom Duty Incident''': In commemorating Sachin Tendulkar's feat of equalling [[Don Bradman|Don Bradman's]] 29 centuries in [[Test Cricket]], automotive giant [[Ferrari]] invited Sachin Tendulkar to its paddock in [[Silverstone]] on the eve of the [[British Grand Prix]] ([[23 July]] [[2002]]) to receive a [[Ferrari 360 Modena]] from the legendary F1 racer [[Michael Schumacher]].<ref>http://www.rediff.com/cricket/2002/jul/23slide.htm</ref> On [[September 4]] [[2002]] India's then finance minister [[Jaswant Singh]] wrote to Sachin telling him that the government will waive custom's duty imposed on the car as a measure to applaud his feat.<ref>http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/india/content/story/125234.html</ref> However the rules at the time stated that the customs duty can be waived only when receiving an automobile as a prize and not as a gift. It is claimed that the proposals to change the law (Customs Act) was put forth in Financial Bill in February 2003 and amended was passed as a law in May 2003. Subsequently the Ferrari was allowed to be brought to India without payment of the customs duty (Rs 1.13 Crores or 120% on the car value of Rs 75 Lakhs).<ref>http://www.rediff.com/cricket/2003/aug/09sach.htm</ref> When the move to waive customs duty became public in [[July]] [[2003]], political and social activists protested the waiver<ref>http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/india/content/story/124860.html</ref> and filed [[Public Interest Litigation|PIL]] in the [[Delhi High Court]]. With the controversy snowballing, Sachin offered to pay the customs duty and the tab was finally picked up by Ferrari.<ref>http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/india/content/story/124935.html</ref> Tendulkar has been seen taking his Ferrari 360 Modena for late-night drives in Mumbai.

{{main|Mike Denness and Indian cricket team incident}}

* '''Ball Tampering Charges''': Television cameras picked up images of Sachin cleaning the seam of the cricket ball, amounting to altering the condition of the ball in the second [[Test Cricket|test match]] between [[Indian cricket team|India]] and [[South African cricket team|South Africa]] at [[Sahara Oval St George's|St George's Park]], [[Port Elizabeth]].<ref>http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/108088.html</ref> The match referee [[Mike Denness]] found Sachin Tendulkar guilty of ball tampering charges and handed him a one Test match ban.<ref>http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/108107.html</ref> With Mike Denness taking action against 5 other Indian cricketers on various charges, the incident escalated to a larger issue and led to Mike Denness being barred from entering the venue of the third test match. ICC revoked the official status of the match and on the recommendations of a review commission, the ban on Sachin Tendulkar was revoked. Sachin's ball tampering charges & Sehwag's ban for excessive appealing triggered a massive backlash from the Indian public that the real facts of the case was never reviewed and the matter put to rest appropriately.

* '''Stranded on 194: '''In the first test match of India's historic tour of Pakistan in 2004 at [[Multan]], the acting captain's ([[Rahul Dravid]]) decision to declare the innings with 16 overs remaining on Day 2 and when Sachin was playing with a score of 194 NO ignited controversy. In meeting with the press that evening, Sachin Tendulkar responded to a question on missing 200 against Pakistan by stating that he was disappointed and that the declaration had taken him by surprise.<ref>http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/140482.html</ref> Reflecting his stature in Indian cricket & his penchant for avoiding issues, the nature of the statement and ex-cricketers debating the merits of the decision as a reflection on Tendulkar & Rahul's relationship fueled the controversy. The controversy was so huge that it completely overshadowed one of Indian cricket's landmark innings by a young [[Virender Sehwag]] - a score of 309 which is the highest ever by an Indian in Tests. Many former cricketers<ref>http://www.rediff.com/cricket/2004/mar/30miandad.htm</ref> commented<ref>http://www.rediff.com/cricket/2004/mar/30alam.htm</ref> that Dravid's declaration was in bad taste. The media noted at the time that the decision had apparently been made by [[Sourav Ganguly]],<ref>http://www.rediff.com/cricket/2004/mar/29tendulkar.htm</ref> and Ganguly himself later admitted that it had been a mistake.<ref>http://www.hindu.com/2004/04/30/stories/2004043000932100.htm</ref> The wording of the statement indicating that it had not been Dravid's call. The controversy was put to rest when Rahul Dravid, Sachin Tendulkar and the coach - John Wright spoke to the media after the team's victory and stated that the matter was spoken internally and put to rest.<ref>http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/134068.html</ref>

== Records ==

<!-- Image:Tendulkar.jpg was removed because it was unsourced. Please do not add this image again until the source is verified. -->

[[Image:Sachin Tendulkar.png|right|thumb|350px|Sachin Tendulkar's career performance graph.]]

=== Test Cricket ===

'''Game Appearances''':

* On his Test debut, Sachin Tendulkar was the third youngest debutant (16y 205d). [[Mushtaq Mohammad]] (15y 124d) and [[Aaqib Javed]] (16y 189d) debuted in [[One Day International|ODI matches]] younger than Tendulkar. Since then, there has been 2 players who were younger than Sachin on their [[Test Cricket]] debut: [[Hasan Raza]] - [[Pakistani cricket team|Pakistan]] (14y 227d), the current youngest debutant, and [[Mohammad Sharif (cricketer)|Mohammad Sharif]] - [[Bangladesh cricket team|Bangladesh]] (15y 128d).<ref>{{cite web | title= Tests - Youngest Test Cricketers | url=http://usa.cricinfo.com/db/STATS/TESTS/INDIVIDUAL/TESTS_YOUNGEST_PLAYERS.html | publisher=[[Cricinfo]] | accessdate=2007-04-10}}</ref>

* Tendulkar has played the most number of Test Matches for India ([[Kapil Dev]] is second with 131 Test appearances).
** Tendulkar is fourth on the list of players with most Test caps. [[Steve Waugh]] (168 Tests), [[Allan Border]] (158 Tests), [[Shane Warne]] (145 Tests) have appeared in more games than Tendulkar<ref>{{cite web | title= Test Career - Most Matches| url=http://www.cricinfo.com/db/STATS/TESTS/INDIVIDUAL/TEST_INDIV_MOST_MATCHES.html | publisher=[[Cricinfo]] | accessdate=2007-04-10}}</ref>

'''Runs Scored''':

* Second Indian after [[Sunil Gavaskar]] to make over 10,000 runs in Test matches.<ref name="Testmostruns">{{cite web | title= Test Career - Most Runs| url=http://www.cricinfo.com/db/STATS/TESTS/BATTING/TEST_BAT_MOST_RUNS.html

| publisher=[[Cricinfo]] | accessdate=2007-04-10}}</ref>

* Became the first Indian to surpass the 11,000 Test run mark and the third International player behind Allan Border and Brian Lara. Lara took 213 innings, Sachin 223 and Border 259.

* Highest run scoring Indian with 11,149 Test runs. 3rd highest tally of any player.

* Tendulkar and [[Brian Lara]] are the fastest to score 10,000 runs in Test cricket history. Both of them achieved this in 195 innings.<ref>{{cite web | title= Test Career - Fastest to 10000 Runs| url=http://www.cricinfo.com/db/STATS/TESTS/BATTING/FASTEST_CAREER_TEST_RUNS/TEST_FASTEST_TO_10000_RUNS.html | publisher=[[Cricinfo]] | accessdate=2007-04-10}}</ref>

* On 3 January 2007 Sachin Tendulkar (5751) edged past [[Brian Lara]]'s (5736) world record of runs scored in Tests away from home. Tendulkar achieved this in 75 away Test matches while Lara had scored his runs in 66 away Tests.

* Career Average 55.19 - the highest average among those who have scored over 10,000 Test runs. Also the highest among those who have scored above 11,000 runs.

* Tendulkar has 4 seasons with 1000 or more runs - 2002 (1392 runs), 1999 (1088 runs), 2001 (1003 runs) and 1997 (1000 runs).<ref>{{cite web | title= Test Career - 1000 Runs in season| url=http://www.cricinfo.com/db/STATS/TESTS/BATTING/1000_RUNS_IN_CALENDAR_YEAR.html | publisher=[[Cricinfo]] | accessdate=2007-04-10}}</ref> Gavaskar is the only other Indian with four seasons of 1000+ runs. Only Hayden and Lara have five seasons with 1000+ runs in International cricket.

* Tendulkar is only the third batsman in the history of Test cricket to go past the 11,000-run tally (currently 11,115), after [[Brian Lara]] and [[Allan Border]].

'''Centuries''':

* Highest number of Test centuries (37), overtaking [[Sunil Gavaskar]]'s record (34) on [[10 December]], [[2005]] vs [[Sri Lanka]] in [[Delhi]]. [[Brian Lara]] has also scored 34 Test Centuries.<ref name="Testcenturies">{{cite web | title= Tests - Most Centuries| url=http://www.cricinfo.com/db/STATS/TESTS/BATTING/LEADING_BATSMEN_TEST_100S.html | publisher=[[Cricinfo]] | accessdate=2007-04-10}}</ref>

* When Tendulkar scored his maiden century in [[1990]], he was the second youngest to score a century. Only [[Mushtaq Mohammad]] had scored a century at a younger age by [[1990]]. Tendulkar's record was bettered by [[Mohammad Ashraful]] in 2001/02 season.<ref name="Testcenturyage">{{cite web | title= Test Centuries - Youngest to Score Century| url=http://www.cricinfo.com/db/STATS/TESTS/BATTING/TRIVIA/YOUNGEST_100.html | publisher=[[Cricinfo]] | accessdate=2007-04-10}}</ref> The record for previous youngest Indian centurion was held by Kapil Dev.

* Tendulkar's record of five centuries before he turned 20 is a current world record.<ref name="Testcenturyage" />

* Tendulkar holds the current record (217 against NZ in 1999/00 Season) for the highest score in Test cricket by an Indian when captaining the side.<ref>{{cite web | title= Tests - Centuries by Captains| url=http://www.cricinfo.com/db/STATS/TESTS/BATTING/TRIVIA/HIGH_INDIV_SCORE_BY_TEST_CAPTAIN.html | publisher=[[Cricinfo]] | accessdate=2007-04-10}}</ref> Gavaskar held the previous record (205 against West Indies in Bombay - 1978/79 season)

* Tendulkar has scored centuries against all test playing nations.<ref name="Testcenturies" /> He was the third batman to achieve the distinction after Steve Waugh and Gary Kirsten. The current list also includes Brian Lara, Ricky Ponting, Rahul Dravid, Jacques Kallis, Adam Gilchrist and Marvan Attapattu.

* Sachin's 37th ton against Bangladesh during the 2007 series 2nd Test, made history as the 1st time the top four batsman of any team had all scored centuries in a single innings. Dinesh Karthik made 129, Wasim Jaffer 138 and Rahul Dravid 129 were the other centurions.

=== ODI ===

Highlights of Tendulkar's ODI career include:

'''Game Appearances''':

* Matches Played: 388
** Consecutive ODI Appearances: 185<ref>{{cite web | title=Cricinfo - Stats | url=http://usa.cricinfo.com/db/STATS/ODIS/INDIVIDUAL/ODI_CONSECUTIVE_MATCHES.html | publisher=[[Cricinfo]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
** Most Stadium Appearances: 90 different Grounds

* On his debut, Sachin Tendulkar was the second youngest debutant. Only [[Aaqib Javed]] debuted in [[One Day International|ODI matches]] younger than Sachin Tendulkar. Since then, there has been 4 players who were younger than Sachin on their [[One Day International|ODI]] debut: [[Hasan Raza]] ([[Pakistani cricket team|Pakistan]]) - the current youngest debutant, [[Mohammad Sharif (cricketer)|Mohammad Sharif]] ([[Bangladesh cricket team|Bangladesh]]), [[Shahid Afridi]] ([[Pakistani cricket team|Pakistan]]) and [[Ramveer Rai]] ([[United Arab Emirates cricket team|UAE]])

'''Runs Scored''':

* Most Runs: 15,051 Runs <small>(as of 29th June, 2007)</small>. He is the leading run scorer in the ODI format of the game and the only player ever to cross the 15,000 run mark. he reached this milestone with a stunning knock of 93 against South Africa to help win the match.

* First player to reach 10,000-11,000-12,000-13,000-14,000 and 15,000 ODI runs.

* Highest individual score among Indian batsmen (186* against [[New Zealand]] at [[Hyderabad (India)|Hyderabad]] in [[1999]]). The score of 186* is listed the fifth highest score recorded in [[One Day International|ODI matches]]

* Holds the record for scoring 1,000 ODI runs in a calendar year. He has done it six times - 1994, 1996, 1997, 1998, 2000 and 2003.

* After he became the first cricketer to cross 10,000-run mark in ODI's. Only six other players have managed to also cross the milestone since then: ([[Sanath Jayasuriya]], [[Sourav Ganguly]], [[Rahul Dravid]], [[Ricky Ponting]], [[Brian Lara]], and [[Inzamam ul Haq]]). Sachin was the fastest to reach 10,000 runs taking 259 innings and has the highest batting average among batsmen with over 10,000 ODI runs


'''Centuries & Fifties Record''':

* Most centuries: 41
** Only player to have over 100 innings of 50+ runs (41 Centuries and 79 Fifties)<small>(as of 2007)</small>
** Fifties: 79. [[Inzamam-ul-Haq]] (83) is the only batsmen who has scored more Fifties. [[Rahul Dravid]] (79) is tied with Sachin.<ref>{{cite web | title=Cricmania - Stats | url=http://www.cricmania.com/cricket/DB/score/user/us03/type/O/base/50 | publisher=Cricmania | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>

* Most centuries vs. [[Australian cricket team|Australia]], [[South African cricket team|South Africa]], [[New Zealand cricket team|New Zealand]], [[Sri Lankan cricket team|Sri Lanka]] and [[Zimbabwean cricket team|Zimbabwe]].

'''ODI Awards''':

* Most [[Man of the Match#cricket|Man of the Match Awards]]: [[List of ODI Awards for Sachin Tendulkar#Man of the Match Award|54 Man of the Match Awards]]

* Most [[Man of the Series|Man of the Series Awards]]: [[List of ODI Awards for Sachin Tendulkar#Man of the Series Award|14 Man of the Series Awards]]

'''Calendar Year Record''':

* Most ODI runs in a calendar year: 1,894 ODI runs in 1998.

* Most Centuries in a calendar year: 9 ODI centuries in 1998

'''Partnership Records''':

* Sachin Tendulkar with [[Sourav Ganguly]] hold the world record for the maximum number of runs scored by the opening partnership. They have put together 5,621 runs in 117 matches that includes 16 century partnerships and 21 fifty run partnerships.<ref>{{cite web | title=Records - Leading Opening Partnerships | url=http://usa.cricinfo.com/db/STATS/ODIS/PARTNERSHIPS/ODI_OPENING_PAIRS.html | publisher=[[Cricinfo]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref> The 16 century partnerships for opening pair is also a world record.

* Sachin Tendulkar and [[Rahul Dravid]] hold the world record for the highest partnership in [[One Day International|ODI matches]] when they scored 331 runs against [[New Zealand cricket team|New Zealand]] in [[1999]] at the [[Lal Bahadur Shastri Stadium|LBS, Hyderabad]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Scorecard: India V/S New Zealand, 1999/00 | url=http://usa.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1999-2000/NZ_IN_IND/SCORECARDS/NZ_IND_ODI2_08NOV1999.html | publisher=[[Cricinfo]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>

* Sachin Tendulkar has been involved in six 200 run partnerships in ODI matches - a record that he shares with [[Sourav Ganguly]] and [[Ricky Ponting]].<ref>{{cite web | title=Cric Info - Stats | url=http://usa.cricinfo.com/db/STATS/ODIS/PARTNERSHIPS/ODI_200_RUN_PARTNERSHIPS.html | publisher=[[Cricinfo]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>

=== World Cup ===

* Most runs (1,796 at an average of 59.87 as on 20th Mar 2007) in [[World Cup Cricket]] History including 4 centuries & 13 fifties with a best score of 152* against Namibia in 2003 world cup
* 673 runs in 2003 Cricket World Cup, highest by any player in a single [[Cricket World Cup]]
* Player Of The World Cup Tournament in the [[2003 Cricket World Cup]].

=== Miscellaneous ===

* Tendulkar was the first batsman in history to score over 50 centuries in international cricket. He has now scored 78 (37 in Tests, 41 in ODIs).

* Has the most overall runs in cricket, (ODIs+Tests+Twenty20s), as of 30th June 2007 he had accumulated almost 26,000 runs overall.

* Tendulkar was the first overseas cricketer to play for [[Yorkshire CCC]] in 1993, in more than 100 years of the club's history.

* Sachin Tendulkar was the first batsman in [[Test Cricket]] to be declared as run out by a [[third umpire]] (using television replays) in [[1992]] against [[South African cricket team|South Africa]] in South Africa.

* During India's [[1999]]-[[2000]] tour to Australia, he was declared out LBW after ducking and being hit by bouncer that kept low by umpire Daryl Hair, which lead commentators to coin the term "shoulder before wicket".<ref name="Shoulder before wicket">http://usa.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1999-2000/IND_IN_AUS/SCORECARDS/IND_AUS_T1_10-14DEC1999_CI_MR.html</ref><ref>http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/england/content/story/255913.html</ref>

== Achievements ==

===Awards===

* '''[[1994]]''': [[Arjuna Award]] Receipient for achievements in [[Cricket]]<ref>{{cite web | url=http://yas.nic.in/yasroot/awards/arjuna.htm#Cricket | title=Ministry of Youth & Sports Affairs - Arjuna Awards in Cricket | publisher=[[Government of India]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''[[1997]]''': Tendulkar was one of the five cricketers selected as [[Wisden Cricketer of the Year]]<ref>{{cite web | url=http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/153285.html | title=CRICKETER OF THE YEAR 1997 - Sachin Tendulkar | publisher=[[Wisden Cricketers' Almanack|Wisden Almanack]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''[[1997]]/[[1998|98]]''': Sachin Tendulkar received India's highest sporting honour - [[Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna]]<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.rediff.com/sports/1998/aug/12c.htm | title=Khel Ratna for Tendulkar | date=[[1998-08-13]] | publisher=[[Rediff]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''[[1999]]''': Awarded [[Padma Shri]] - India's civilian medal of recognition<ref>{{cite web | url=http://content-www.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/82279.html | title=Tendulkar conferred ''Padma Shri'' | date=[[1999-03-22]] | publisher=[[Cricinfo]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>

=== Media Recognition ===

* In August of 2003, Sachin Tendulkar was voted as the "Greatest Sportsman" of the country in the sport personalities category in the Best of India poll conducted by [[Zee News]].<ref>[http://us.indiantelevision.com/headlines/y2k3/aug/aug122.htm]</ref>

* In November 2006, [[Time (magazine)|Time magazine]] named Tendulkar as one of the [[Asia]]n Heroes.<ref name="Asian Heroes">http://www.time.com/time/asia/features/heroes/index.html </ref>

* The current [http://www.indiapoised.com/loginv.asp India Poised] campaign run by [[The Times of India]] has nominated him as the ''Face of New India'' next to the likes of [[Amartya Sen]] and [[Mahatma Gandhi]] among others.

=== Test Match Awards ===

'''Man of Series Awards'''

{| border=1 cellpadding=3 cellspacing=1 width=80%

|- style="background:#F4A460; color:#000000;"
! #
! Series
! Season
! Series Performance
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 1
| [[Border-Gavaskar Trophy]] ([[Australian cricket team|Australia]] in [[Indian Cricket Team|India]] Test Series)
| 1997/98
| 446 (3 Matches, 5 Innings, 2x100, 1x50); 13.2-1-48-1; 2 Catches
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 2
| [[Border-Gavaskar Trophy]] ([[Indian Cricket Team|India]] in [[Australian cricket team|Australia]] Test Series)
| 1999/00
| 278 Runs (6 Innings, 1x100, 2x50); 9-0-46-1
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 3
| [[England Cricket Team|England]] in [[Indian Cricket Team|India]] Test Series
| 2001/02
| 307 Runs (4 Innings, 1x100, 2x50); 17-3-50-1; 4 Catches
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 4
| [[Indian cricket team in Bangladesh in 2007|India in Bangladesh Test Series]]
| 2007
| 254 Runs (3 Innings, 2x100, 0x50); 6.3-1-35-2; 2 Catches
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
|}

'''Man of the Match Awards'''

{| border=1 cellpadding=3 cellspacing=1 width=80%

|- style="background:#F4A460; color:#000000;"
! S No
! Opponent
! Venue
! Season
! Match Performance
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 1
| [[England cricket team|England]]
| [[Old Trafford Cricket Ground|Old Trafford, Manchester]]
| 1990
| 1st Innings: 68 (8x4); 2 Catches

2nd Innings: 119 (17x4)
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 2
| [[England cricket team|England]]
| [[M. A. Chidambaram Stadium|Chepauk, Chennai]]
| 1992/93
| 1st Innings: 165 (24x4, 1x6); 2-1-5-0

2nd Innings: 2 Catches; 2-1-4-0
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 3
| [[New Zealand cricket team|New Zealand]]
| [[M. A. Chidambaram Stadium|Chepauk, Chennai]]
| 1995/96
| 1st Innings: 52 (5x4)
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 4
| [[Australian cricket team|Australia]]
| [[M. A. Chidambaram Stadium|Chepauk, Chennai]]
| 1997/98
| 1st Innings: 4 (1x4); 1 Catch

2nd Innings: 155 (14x4, 4x6)
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 5
| [[Pakistan cricket team|Pakistan]]
| [[M. A. Chidambaram Stadium|Chepauk, Chennai]]
| 1998/99
| 1st Innings: 0; 3-0-10-1

2nd Innings: 136 (18x4); 7-1-35-2
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 6
| [[New Zealand cricket team|New Zealand]]
| [[Sardar Patel Stadium|Motera, Ahmedabad]]
| 1999/00
| 1st Innings: 217 (29x4)

2nd Innings: 15 (3x4); 5-2-19-0
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 7
| [[Australian cricket team|Australia]]
| [[Melbourne Cricket Ground|MCG, Melbourne]]
| 1999/00
| 1st Innings: 116 (9x4, 1x6)

2nd Innings: 52 (4x4)
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 8
| [[South African cricket team|South Africa]]
| [[Wankhede Stadium|Wankhede, Mumbai]]
| 1999/00
| 1st Innings: 97 (12x4, 2x6); 5-1-10-3

2nd Innings: 8 (2x4); 1-0-4-0
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 9
| [[West Indies cricket team|West Indies]]
| [[Eden Gardens|Eden Gardens, Kolkata]]
| 2002/03
| 1st Innings: 36 (7x4); 7-0-33-0

2nd Innings: 176 (26x4)
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 10
| [[Australian cricket team|Australia]]
| [[Sydney Cricket Ground|SCG, Sydney]]
| 2003/04
| 1st Innings: 241 (33x4)

2nd Innings: 60 (5x4); 6-0-36-0; 1 Catch
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
|}

=== ODI Awards ===
{{main|List of ODI Awards for Sachin Tendulkar}}

Sachin Tendulkar has won a record 14 [[Man of the Series|Man of the Series(MoS)]] and 54 [[Man of the Match#Cricket|Man of the Match(MoM)]] awards in [[One Day International|ODI Matches]].<ref>{{cite web | title=Sachin Tendulkar - MoM & MoS Awards in ODI Cricket| url=http://statserver.cricket.org/guru?sdb=player;playerid=1934;class=odiplayer;filter=basic;team=0;opposition=0;notopposition=0;season=0;homeaway=0;continent=0;country=0;notcountry=0;groundid=0;startdefault=1989-12-18;start=1989-12-18;enddefault=2007-03-19;end=2007-03-19;tourneyid=0;finals=0;daynight=0;toss=0;scheduledovers=0;scheduleddays=0;innings=0;result=0;followon=0;seriesresult=0;captain=0;keeper=0;dnp=0;recent=;viewtype=aro_awards;runslow=;runshigh=;batposition=0;dismissal=0;bowposition=0;ballslow=;ballshigh=;bpof=0;overslow=;overshigh=;conclow=;conchigh=;wicketslow=;wicketshigh=;dismissalslow=;dismissalshigh=;caughtlow=;caughthigh=;caughttype=0;stumpedlow=;stumpedhigh=;csearch=;submit=1;.cgifields=viewtype | publisher=[[Cricinfo]] | accessdate=2007-03-22}}</ref> Sachin Tendulkar has the distinction of having won MoM Award against all [[List of International Cricket Council members#Full Members|ICC Full Members (Test Playing Nations)]]. [[United Arab Emirates cricket team|UAE]] (2 Matches), [[Netherlands cricket team|Netherlands]] (1 Match) and [[Bermuda cricket team|Bermuda]] (1 match) are the only teams against whom he has not won a Man of the Match Award in [[One Day International|ODI Cricket.]]

{| border=1 cellpadding=3 cellspacing=1 width=50% style="background:#F4A460; color:#000000;"

!colspan=6|Man of the Match Awards — Sachin Tendulkar
|-
! #
! Opponent
! Total
! Home
! Away
! Neutral
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 1
| [[Australian cricket team|Australia]] ''(47 Matches)''
| | 10
| | 5
| | 0
| | 5
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 2
| [[Bangladesh cricket team|Bangladesh]] ''(10 Matches)''
| | 1
| | 0
| | 0
| | 1
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 3
| [[England cricket team|England]] ''(27 Matches)''
| | 1
| | 0
| | 0
| | 1
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 4
| [[New Zealand cricket team|New Zealand]] ''(38 Matches)''
| | 5
| | 4
| | 1
| | 0
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 5
| [[Pakistani cricket team|Pakistan]] ''(61 Matches)''
| | 6
| | 0
| | 1
| | 5
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 6
| [[South African cricket team|South Africa]] ''(50 Matches)''
| | 4
| | 3
| | 1
| | 0
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 7
| [[Sri Lankan cricket team|Sri Lanka]] ''(65 Matches)''
| | 5
| | 1
| | 1
| | 3
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 8
| [[West Indies cricket team|West Indies]] ''(38 Matches)''
| | 9
| | 3
| | 1
| | 5
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 9
| [[Zimbabwe cricket team|Zimbabwe]] ''(34 Matches)''
| | 8
| | 0
| | 4
| | 4
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 10
| [[Kenya cricket team|Kenya]] ''(10 Matches)''
| | 4
| | 2
| | 0
| | 2
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
| 11
| [[Namibia cricket team|Namibia]] ''(1 Matches)''
| | 1
| | 0
| | 0
| | 1
|- bgcolor="#FFF8DC"
|}

== Business Interests ==

===Books===

[[Image:Sachin Book cover.jpg|150px|thumb|Book Cover of one of many [[Sachin Tendulkar|Tendulkar's]] biographies.]]

Sachin Tendulkar has been the subject of various books. The following is the listing of books focused on Tendulkar's career:

* '''Sachin: The Story of the World's Greatest Batsman''' by Gulu Ezekiel. Publisher: Penguin Global. ISBN 978-0143028543<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amazon.com/dp/0143028545/ | title=Book: Sachin: The Story of the World's Greatest Batsman |accessdate=2007-05-11}}</ref>
* '''The A to Z of Sachin Tendulkar''' by Gulu Ezekiel. Publisher: Penguin Global. ISBN 978-8174765307<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amazon.com/dp/8174765301/ | title=Book: The A to Z of Sachin Tendulkar |accessdate=2007-05-11}}</ref>
* '''Sachin Tendulkar-a definitive biography''' by Vaibhav Purandare. Publisher: Roli Books. ISBN 8174363602<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nbcindia.com/Descriptions.asp?title_id=28114 | title=Sachin Tendulkar-a definitive biography |accessdate=2007-05-11}}</ref>
* '''Sachin Tendulkar - Masterful''' by Peter Murray, Ashish Shukla. Publisher: Rupa. ISBN 8171678068<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiaclub.com/Shop/SearchResults.asp?ProdStock=9364| title=Sachin Tendulkar - Masterful|accessdate=2007-05-11}}</ref>

=== Sports Management Contract ===

Sachin Tendulkar was an early pioneer in India on cricket business dealings when he signed a then record sports management deal with Worldtel. His next 2 contracts are also record breaking for the pay-outs cementing his place as the highest earning Cricketer in the game.

* '''[[1995]]''': Sports Management Firm - Worldtel. Term & Contract Value - 5 Year / Rs. 30 Crores<ref>{{cite web | title= A Brand Name called Sachin Tendulkar | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/18366428.cms | date=[[2002-08-07]] | publisher=[[The Times of India]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''[[2001]]''': Sports Management Firm - Worldtel. Term & Contract Value - 5 Year / Rs. 80 Crores<ref>{{cite web | title= $17 mn deal for Sachin | url=http://www.rediff.com/cricket/2001/may/16ten.htm | date=[[2001-05-16]] | publisher=[[Rediff]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''[[2006]]''': Sports Management Firm - [[Saatchi and Saatchi]]'s ICONIX. Term & Contract Value - - 3 Year / Rs 180 Crores<ref>{{cite web | title=Sachin still sells; get Rs 180 crore deal | url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/news/5922_1690382,0015002100000000.htm | date=[[2006-05-16]] | publisher=[[Hindustan Times]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>

=== Business Ventures ===

* '''Restaurants''': Sachin Tendulkar owns two restaurants, '''Tendulkar's'''<ref>{{cite web | title=Sachin opens restaurant, plans chains | url=http://www.rediff.com/cricket/2002/jul/19ten.htm | date=[[2002-07-19]] | publisher=[[Rediff]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref> ([[Colaba]], [[Mumbai]]) & '''Sachin's'''<ref>{{cite web | title=Sachin expands restaurant business| url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/888322.cms | date=[[2004-10-17]] | publisher=[[The Economic Times]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref> ([[Mulund]], [[Mumbai]]). Sachin owns these restaurants in partnership with Sanjay Narang of Mars Restaurants.
* '''Fitness Product''': Sachin Tendulkar announced a [[Joint Venture|JV]] with the Fortune Group and Manipal Group to launch healthcare and sports fitness products under the brand name '''S Drive and Sach'''.<ref>{{cite web | title=Sachin Tendulkar becomes stakeholder in a joint venture | url=http://www.indiaexpress.com/news/sports/cricket/20070207-0.html | date=[[2007-02-07]] | publisher=[[The Indian Express]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''Comic Strip''': A series of comic books by [[Virgin Comics]] is due to be published featuring him as a superhero.<ref>>{{cite web | title=Sachin Tendulkar becomes stakeholder in a joint venture | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/cricket/6462199.stm | date=[[2007-02-07]] | publisher=[[BBC]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>

=== Product and Brand Endorsments ===

Sachin Tendulkar endorses the following products:

* '''[[Pepsi]]''': [[1992]] - Present<ref>{{cite web | title=Pepsi celebrates Sachin at 29 | url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2002/04/25/stories/2002042500230600.htm | date=[[2002-04-25]] | publisher=[[The Hindu Business Line]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''[[Canon (company)|Canon]]''': [[2006]] - [[2009]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Canon clicks Sachin as brand ambassador | url=http://www.blonnet.com/2006/11/07/stories/2006110702460500.htm | date=[[2006-11-07]] | publisher=[[The Hindu Business Line]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''[[Airtel]]''': [[2004]]-[[2006]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Airtel drops Tendulkar as brand ambassador | url=http://www.indiaexpress.com/news/sports/cricket/20061103-0.html | date=[[2006-11-03]] | publisher=[[The Indian Express]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''Nazara Technologies''': [[2005]] - [[2008]]. License for Mobile Content development based on Sachin.<ref>{{cite web | title=Nazara Signs India’s Biggest Mobile Content Deal With Cricket Superstar Sachin Tendulkar | url=http://www.prweb.com/releases/2005/2/prweb208658.htm| date=[[2005-02-15]] | publisher=PRWeb | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
** '''[[Reliance Communications]]''' sub-licensed brand 'Sachin Tendulkar' to update the user of the latest [[2007 Cricket World Cup]] scores and news in Sachin's voice. [[Hutch]] - ICC's prime communication sponsor protested calling Reliance's plan as 'ambush marketing', a charge that Reliance Communication denies.<ref>{{cite web | title=Vodafone, RCom spar over Sachin| url=http://www.business-standard.com/iceworld/storypage.php?leftnm=8&subLeft=4&chklogin=N&autono=278032&tab=r.| date=[[2007-07-18]] | publisher=[[Business Standard]]| accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''[[Britannia Industries|Britannia]]''': [[2001]] - [[2007]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Sachin to bat for Britannia | url=http://www.financialexpress.com/fe20011102/stra2.html | date=[[2001-11-02]] | publisher=[[Financial Express]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''HomeTrade''': [[2001]] - [[2002]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Ad guys home in on unpaid dues | url=http://www.blonnet.com/2002/05/03/stories/2002050302300100.htm | date=[[2002-05-02]] | publisher=[[The Hindu Business Line]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''[[ITC Limited|Sunfeast]]''': [[2007]] - [[2013]]/[[2014|14]]<ref>{{cite web | title=ITC Foods bets big on `Sachin Fit Kit' range | url=http://sify.com/finance/fullstory.php?id=14405859| date=[[2007-03-09]] | publisher=[[Sify]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''National Egg Coordination Committee (NECC)''': [[2003]] - [[2005]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Star Gaze: How Sachin and Raveena ad it up | url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/276490.cms| date=[[2003-11-06]] | publisher=[[The Economic Times]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''[[GlaxoSmithKline|Boost]]''': [[1990]] - Present<ref>{{cite web | title=Pharma cos get Boost(er) dose from cricketers & Bollywood | url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1327658.cms | date=[[2005-12-12]] | publisher=[[The Economic Times]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''Action Shoes''': [[1995]] - [[2000]]<ref>{{cite web | title=The Don and the New Master | url=http://www.india-today.com/itoday/07091998/sports.html | date=[[1998-09-07]] | publisher=[[India Today]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''[[Adidas]]''': [[2000]]-[[2010]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Sachin to remain adidas brand ambassador post retirement too! | url=http://www.fibre2fashion.com/news/company-news/adidas-india/newsdetails.aspx?news_id=17690 | date=[[2006-05-29]] | publisher=Fibre2Fashion | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''[[Fiat Palio]]''': [[2001]] to [[2003]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Fiat puts Tendulkar in driver's seat | url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/businessline/2001/08/01/stories/140102ft.htm | date=[[2001-08-01]] | publisher=[[The Hindu]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''[[Newell Rubbermaid|Reynolds]]''': [[2007]] - Present<ref>{{cite web | title=Reynolds plans product line with Tendulkar | url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2007/02/01/stories/2007020102611000.htm | date=[[2007-02-01]] | publisher=[[The Hindu Business Line]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''[[TVS, India|TVS]]''': [[2002]] - [[2005]]<ref>{{cite web | title=TVS signs Sachin as brand ambassador | url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2002/02/16/stories/2002021601820400.htm | date=[[2002-02-16]] | publisher=[[The Hindu Business Line]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''[[ESPN Star Sports]]''': [[2002]] - Present<ref>{{cite web | title=Sachin to bat for ESPN-Star Sports | url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2002/06/29/stories/2002062902550100.htm | date=[[2007-02-07]] | publisher=[[The Indian Express]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''G-Hanz''': [[2005]] - [[2007]]<ref>{{cite web | title=G-Hanz unveils `safe' mobiles | url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2005012502620400.htm&date=2005/01/25/&prd=bl& | date=[[2007-01-24]] | publisher=[[The Indian Express]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''[[Sanyo|Sanyo BPL]]''': [[2007]] - Present<ref>{{cite web | title=Sachin to endorse Sanyo BPL brands | url=http://www.zeenews.com/znnew/articles.asp?aid=278189&sid=SPO | date=[[2007-02-26]] | publisher=[[Zee TV|Zee News]] | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''AIDS Awareness Campaign''': [[2005]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Sachin & BCCI to spread AIDS Awareness message | url=http://thatscricket.oneindia.in/2005/test_series/ind-pak/2203aids.html | date=[[2005-03-22]] | publisher=Thatscricket | accessdate=2007-03-21}}</ref>
* '''Colgate'''{{Fact|date=March 2007}}

* '''Philips'''{{Fact|date=March 2007}}

* '''MRF'''{{Fact|date=March 2007}}

* '''Visa'''{{Fact|date=March 2007}}

== Trivia ==

* [[John Wright]], who later became the coach of India, took the catch that prevented Tendulkar from becoming the youngest centurion in Test cricket.
* Sachin Tendulkar was the first batsman to have been declared run out by a third umpire in 1992 against South Africa in South Africa.
* During India’s tour to Australia, he was declared out when he ducked, to coin the term “shoulder before wicket”.
* He is named after Indian music composer and singer Sachin Dev Burman.
* He has won the most number of Man of the match awards in ODI history.

== See also ==
{{Portal|Cricket}}

* [[Indian cricket team]]
* [[Indian national cricket captains]]
* [[Wisden Cricketers of the Year]]
* [[List of One-day International records]]

*[[FANS]

There are innumerable fans and I am one of those. I feel I am the biggest one.
If you too feel the same..
Please click on the link and add your name by editing.

*[[FANS]

== References ==

<div style="height: 300px; overflow: auto;">{{reflist|2}}</div>

== External links ==

* [http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/india/content/player/35320.html Cricinfo Profile]
* [http://www.howstat.com.au/cricket/Statistics/Players/PlayerOverview_ODI.asp?PlayerID=1735 Sachin Tendulkar's ODI Statistics]
* [http://www.howstat.com.au/cricket/Statistics/Players/PlayerOverview.asp?PlayerID=1735 Sachin Tendulkar's Test Statistics]

----

{{start box}}

{{succession box |
before=[[Mohammad Azharuddin]]|
title=[[Indian National Test Cricket Captains|Indian National Test Cricket Captain]] |
years=[[1996]]/[[1997|97]] - [[1997]]/[[1998|98]] |
after= [[Mohammad Azharuddin]] |
}}

{{succession box |
before=[[Mohammad Azharuddin]] |
title=[[Indian National Test Cricket Captains|Indian National Test Cricket Captain]] |
years=[[1999]]/[[2000]] |
after=[[Sourav Ganguly]] |
}}

{{succession box |
before=[[Leander Paes]] and [[Nameirakpam Kunjarani]] |
title=[[Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna]] |
years=[[1997]]/[[1998]] |
after=[[Jyotirmoyee Sikdar]] |
}}

{{succession box |
before=[[Anil Kumble]] |
title=Indian Awardees of [[Wisden Cricketer of the Year]] |
years=[[1997]] |
after=[[Rahul Dravid]] |
}}

{{end box}}

{| class="toccolours collapsible collapsed" width=100%
|-
! colspan="2" | '''Achievements of Sachin Tendulkar'''
|-
| colspan="2" | {{Indian batsman with a Test batting average over 50}}
|-
| colspan="2" | {{10000 Runs in Test Cricket}}
|-
| colspan="2" | {{10000 Runs in ODI Cricket}}
|}

{| class="toccolours collapsible collapsed" width=100%
|-
! colspan="2" | '''Sachin Tendulkar in [[Cricket World Cup]]'''
|-
| colspan="2" | {{India Squad 1992 Cricket World Cup}}
|-
| colspan="2" | {{India Squad 1996 Cricket World Cup}}
|-
| colspan="2" | {{India Squad 1999 Cricket World Cup}}
|-
| colspan="2" | {{India Squad 2003 Cricket World Cup}}
|-
| colspan="2" | {{India Squad 2007 Cricket World Cup}}
|}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tendulkar, Sachin}}

[[Category:1973 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian cricket captains]]
[[Category:Indian ODI cricketers]]
[[Category:Indian Test captains]]
[[Category:Indian cricketers]]
[[Category:Indian Test cricketers]]
[[Category:Wisden Cricketers of the Year]]
[[Category:Mumbai cricketers]]
[[Category:Yorkshire cricketers]]
[[Category:World Cup cricketers of India]]
[[Category:Cricketers at the 1992 Cricket World Cup]]
[[Category:Cricketers at the 1996 Cricket World Cup]]
[[Category:Cricketers at the 1999 Cricket World Cup]]
[[Category:Cricketers at the 2003 Cricket World Cup]]
[[Category:Cricketers at the 2007 Cricket World Cup]]
[[Category:Cricketers at the 1998 Commonwealth Games]]
[[Category:Padma Shri recipients]]
[[Category:Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna recipients]]
[[Category:Marathi people]]
[[Category:People from Mumbai]]

[[de:Sachin Tendulkar]]
[[fr:Sachin Tendulkar]]
[[gu:સચિન તેંદુલકર]]
[[hi:सचिन तेंडुलकर]]
[[kn:ಸಚಿನ್ ತೆಂಡೂಲ್ಕರ್]]
[[ml:സച്ചിന്&zwj; തെന്&zwj;ഡുല്&zwj;ക്കര്&zwj;]]
[[mr:सचिन तेंडुलकर]]
[[nl:Sachin Tendulkar]]
[[sv:Sachin Tendulkar]]
[[ta:சச்சின் டெண்டுல்கர்]]

Revision as of 05:12, 28 August 2007

A physical change involves the change in a substance that does not involve a chemical reaction, as opposed to a chemical change. Since no reaction occurs, there are no chemical substances present after a physical change that were not there before the change. Because of this, a physical change is often said to be reversible. However, this definition is sometimes misleading, as many physical changes are difficult to reverse (such as cutting paper) and some chemical reactions reverse very easily (see reversible reaction).

Another way in which the distinction between chemical and physical changes is often expressed is to state that only chemical reactions involve the rearrangement of atoms. Again, this distinction may again be misleading because cutting a piece of paper is a rearrangement of atoms.

Examples of physical change include:

  • Change of state (such as solid to liquid)
  • Creation or separation of a mixture (including homogeneous mixtures, where the solute may not be visible)
  • Physical deformation (cutting, denting, stretching, etc.)
  • Physical relocation (moving an object)
  • Change in color by addition of dye

Some expanded examples:

  • If a piece of paper is cut up into small pieces it still is paper. This is a physical change in the shape and size of the paper. If the same piece of paper is burned, it is broken up into different substances that are not paper, and thus burning is a chemical reaction. (Paper itself is a mixture of substances.)
  • If one decided to mix sugar into water to make sugar water, this would be a physical change as the water could be evaporated and sugar crystals would reappear. However, if one baked a cake with flour, water, sugar and other ingredients, new substances would appear. It would take extraordinary means to return the various ingredients out to their original form. Chemical reactions occur in the baking process, and the changes are chemical changes.
Stub icon

This science article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sachin_Tendulkar&oldid=154108923"