Talk:Michael Ignatieff and Applicon: Difference between pages
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'''Applicon''' was one of the first vendors of Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing ([[CAD/CAM]]) systems. It was founded in 1969 in [[Bedford, Massachusetts]] and later moved to [[Ann Arbor, Michigan]], after their acquisition of '''Manufacturing Data Systems, Inc.''' (MDSI) in 1986. Their main product was called ''Bravo CAD/CAM.'' |
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{{WPBiography|living=yes|class=|importance=}} |
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Applicon was acquired in 1999 by [[UGS Corp.]], a 1996 spin out of [[Electronic Data Systems]]. |
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{{activepolitician}} |
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== Early Applicon Systems == |
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Early Applicons, circa 1970's, ran on DEC [[PDP-11]] [[mini-computer]]s. Applicon modified the DEC [[operating system]], which was then a single user OS, to one of the world's first multi-user operating systems. DEC's first multi-user OS was created with help from Applicon. |
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!align="center"|[[Image:Vista-file-manager.png|50px|Archive]] |
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[[Wikipedia:How to archive a talk page|Archives]] |
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Another Applicon innovation was the ability to input commands using drawn character recognition. Early CAD provided a stylus and tablet instead of a mouse for a user interface. The tablet was mapped to the screen i.e the top-left and bottom right of the screen and the tablet were mapped to the same points. Applicon provided the ability to train the system to interpret characters drawn on the tablet and to associate them with commands to the system. For example drawing the symbol for alpha could mean "execute". Commands could consist of more than one symbol for example two dots could be interpreted as "move relative" which would move the currently selected items by the distance between points p1 and p2 where the dots indicate the location of the points. The character recognition worked very well (was very consistent) which is particularly amazing considering the small memory foot print that it used. |
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Click below to see prior discussions. |
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|align="center"|[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Archive1|May 27, 2006]] |
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[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Archive2|June 17, 2006]] |
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At this time, Applicon's software was written entirely in DEC's [[assembler language]]. A four work-station system had typically only about 64K words of memory. A word was 16 bits long. Program code was swaped in and out of memory using what was then called memory overlay techniques. [[Magnetic core memory]] was used until around 1979. Work stations used storage tube displays. [[Hard drive]]s used removable platters and were as large as washing machines. A four workstation system cost about $400,000 in 1970's dollars including a pen plotter which cost about $60,000 (Xynetics plotter). At this time, only large companies could afford to use CAD machines and they had to man the workstations three shifts a day because of the cost. |
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[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Archive3|July 5, 2006]] |
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In the mid to late '70's, Applicon systems were used to design LSIs (large scale [[integrated circuits]]) and later VLSI (very large scale integrated circuits) the precursors of today's dense computer chips. It was also used for mechanical and electrical diagrams for various kinds of engineering projects e.g. power plant design. |
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[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Archive4|July 14, 2006]] |
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==External links== |
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[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Archive5|August 6, 2006]] |
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*[http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0CGN/is_3723/ai_55433260 article on acquisition.] |
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[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Archive6|August 12, 2006]] |
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*[http://www.manufacturingcenter.com/tooling/archives/0399/399sfts.asp review of Bravo CAD/CAM] |
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[[Category:Software companies]] |
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[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Archive7|October 16, 2006]] |
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[[Category:Defunct computer companies of the United States]] |
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[[Category:Computer-aided design]] |
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[[Category:Computer-aided design software]] |
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[[Category:Companies based in Ann Arbor, Michigan]] |
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{{ict-company-stub}} |
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[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Archive8|November 12, 2006]] |
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==Broken Link== |
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Could someone with access to this article fix the link to Ignatieff's talk "The Lesser Evil" (in External Links)? The correct address is http://www.cceia.org/resources/transcripts/4370.html. |
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Thank you. {{unsigned|216.25.150.134}} |
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:Done --[[User:Strothra|Strothra]] 18:58, 14 November 2006 (UTC) |
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:Thank you! |
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==Bringing in outside editors== |
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I think unprotecting this article and bringing in outside editors via [[Wikipedia:Peer Review | peer review]], etc. should solve any edit disputes. Sockpuppetry and vandalism can be dealt with through typical dispute resolution channels. [[User:Antonrojo|Antonrojo]] 14:38, 11 November 2006 (UTC) |
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:I am still unable to understand what is going on here. I unprotedted the article. After that some information has been added and again the article has been protected. [[User:Shyam Bihari| <font color="black">'''Shyam'''</font>]] <sup>([[User talk:Shyam Bihari|<font color="orange">'''T'''</font>]]/[[Special:Contributions/Shyam Bihari|<font color="red">'''C'''</font>]])</sup> 17:00, 11 November 2006 (UTC) |
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==Archives== |
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I've archived all the comments that were here. If anyone wants to revive a specific discussion, all the comments are [[Talk:Michael Ignatieff/Archive8|in archive 8]]. I think the article protection needs to stay in place at the moment due to the ongoing sockpuppet activity, but that does not need to prevent us from making changes to the article. If anyone has any edits in mind, please make suggestions on this talk page. [[User:Sarah_Ewart|Sarah Ewart]] ([[User talk:Sarah_Ewart|Talk]]) 18:50, 11 November 2006 (UTC) |
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:I'm curious why the typical process for dealing with vandalism and sock puppets won't suffice in this case. If there is one editor making POV edits, even if they are using multiple accounts, I'd think that [[WP:3RR]] and the normal dispute resolution channels would resolve the problem. Asking editors to read the archives and get their changes approved adds a high barrier to participation which I think is more likely to isolate outside editors. [[User:Antonrojo|Antonrojo]] 20:29, 11 November 2006 (UTC) |
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::I'm not "asking editors to read the archives and get their changes approved". I'm explaining where the previous comments on this page went and I'm suggesting that if there are people interesting in making changes to the article, they start talking. This has been done previously with this article and I see no harm in doing it in the interim while the article is protected. [[User:Sarah_Ewart|Sarah Ewart]] ([[User talk:Sarah_Ewart|Talk]]) 21:19, 11 November 2006 (UTC) |
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:::I didn't notice this is an sprotect and not a protect. Carry on. [[User:Antonrojo|Antonrojo]] 15:44, 15 November 2006 (UTC) |
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::::Edits are being made to the article without discussion here. Please explain? [[User:Reportersue|Reportersue]] 22:51, 16 November 2006 (UTC) |
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:::::Well, edits made since the sprotect have been extremely minute in nature. The sentiment of "discuss on talk page before making edits" is generally not extended to typos. -[[User:Joshuapaquin|Joshuapaquin]] 00:23, 17 November 2006 (UTC) |
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== npov == |
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Article has been sanitized to exclude mention of important blunders and outrageous self contradictions made by Ignatieff. [[User:70.48.204.223|70.48.204.223]] 04:43, 26 November 2006 (UTC) |
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This source is the reputable [http://www.thestar.com/NASApp/cs/ContentServer?pagename=thestar/Layout/Article_Type1&c=Article&cid=1154470210037&call_pageid=970599119419] Toronto Star wherein Ignatieff says in reference to the killing of many Lebanese children "This is the kind of dirty war you're in when you have to do this and I'm not losing sleep about that." This is just 1 of many news making blunders by Ignatieff which have been sanitized from the article. The article is pov and the tag should not be removed. [[User:64.229.28.107|64.229.28.107]] 14:08, 26 November 2006 (UTC) |
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Revision as of 14:23, 26 November 2006
Applicon was one of the first vendors of Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems. It was founded in 1969 in Bedford, Massachusetts and later moved to Ann Arbor, Michigan, after their acquisition of Manufacturing Data Systems, Inc. (MDSI) in 1986. Their main product was called Bravo CAD/CAM.
Applicon was acquired in 1999 by UGS Corp., a 1996 spin out of Electronic Data Systems.
Early Applicon Systems
Early Applicons, circa 1970's, ran on DEC PDP-11 mini-computers. Applicon modified the DEC operating system, which was then a single user OS, to one of the world's first multi-user operating systems. DEC's first multi-user OS was created with help from Applicon.
Another Applicon innovation was the ability to input commands using drawn character recognition. Early CAD provided a stylus and tablet instead of a mouse for a user interface. The tablet was mapped to the screen i.e the top-left and bottom right of the screen and the tablet were mapped to the same points. Applicon provided the ability to train the system to interpret characters drawn on the tablet and to associate them with commands to the system. For example drawing the symbol for alpha could mean "execute". Commands could consist of more than one symbol for example two dots could be interpreted as "move relative" which would move the currently selected items by the distance between points p1 and p2 where the dots indicate the location of the points. The character recognition worked very well (was very consistent) which is particularly amazing considering the small memory foot print that it used.
At this time, Applicon's software was written entirely in DEC's assembler language. A four work-station system had typically only about 64K words of memory. A word was 16 bits long. Program code was swaped in and out of memory using what was then called memory overlay techniques. Magnetic core memory was used until around 1979. Work stations used storage tube displays. Hard drives used removable platters and were as large as washing machines. A four workstation system cost about $400,000 in 1970's dollars including a pen plotter which cost about $60,000 (Xynetics plotter). At this time, only large companies could afford to use CAD machines and they had to man the workstations three shifts a day because of the cost.
In the mid to late '70's, Applicon systems were used to design LSIs (large scale integrated circuits) and later VLSI (very large scale integrated circuits) the precursors of today's dense computer chips. It was also used for mechanical and electrical diagrams for various kinds of engineering projects e.g. power plant design.
External links
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