Pakistani diaspora: Difference between revisions

Overseas Pakistanis
بیرون ملک پاکستانی نژاد

Flag of Pakistan
Total population
c. 9,956,000 (2022 estimate)
Regions with significant populations
Saudi Arabia	1,814,678 (2022 census)
United Arab Emirates	1,600,000 (2019-2020 estimate)
United Kingdom	1,587,819 (2021 official UK census)
India	918,982 (2011 census)
United States	625,570 (2022 American Community Survey)
Kuwait	339,033 (2020 estimate)
Canada	303,260 (2021 official census)
Oman	250,092 (2020 estimate)
Qatar	235,505 (2020 estimate)
Germany	140,000 (2022 official)
Italy	134,492 (2021 official)
Bahrain	117,000 (2019-2020 estimate)
Afghanistan	221,432 (2015 estimate)
Spain	108,710 (2022 official)
Australia	89,633 (2021 official census)
Malaysia	85,013 (2020 estimate)
Norway	46,300 (2023 official)
Greece	34,177 (2011 official census)
France	29,387 (2019 official)
Sweden	27,292 (2022 official)
Netherlands	27,261 (2022 official)
Denmark	26,714 (2023 official estimate)
Japan	23,417 (2023 official)
Israel	100 (2023 official)
Languages
English, Urdu, Punjabi, Pashto, Sindhi, Balochi, Hindko, other languages of Pakistan and languages spoken in respective country of residence.
Religion
Predominantly Islam minorities of Christianity, Hinduism, and Sikhism.

Overseas Pakistanis (Urdu: بیرون ملک پاکستانی نژاد), or the Pakistani diaspora, refers to Pakistanis who live outside of Pakistan. These include citizens that have migrated to another country as well as people born abroad of Pakistani descent. According a December 2017 estimate made by the Ministry of Overseas Pakistanis and Human Resource Development, approximately 8.8 million Pakistanis live abroad. Data released in 2023 by the Ministry of Emigration and Overseas Employment states that more than 10.80 million people have moved abroad since 1990. [1]

The vast majority, over 4.7 million, reside in the Middle East. The second-largest community, at around 1.2 million, live in the United Kingdom, followed by the United States (especially New York City, Chicago, and New Jersey) in third place. According to the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Pakistan has the 6th largest diaspora in the world. In 2021, overseas Pakistanis sent record remittances with growth at 26 percent and levels reaching US$33 billion in 2021.

Terminology

The term Overseas Pakistani is officially recognised by the Government of Pakistan. The term refers to Pakistani citizens who have not resided in Pakistan for a specified period (for the purpose of income tax) and people born abroad who are of Pakistani descent.

National Identity Card for Overseas Pakistanis

Main article: NADRA

The National Identity Card for Overseas Pakistanis, or NICOP, is a Computerised National Identity Card issued to workers, emigrants, citizens, or Pakistanis holding dual nationality. NICOP was conceived by NADRA in 2002 as a project of mutual resolve between the Overseas Pakistanis Foundation, the Ministry of Labour & Manpower, and the Ministry of Interior. All NICOP holders are registered into the NADRA database to provide authenticity of the individual and visa-free entry into Pakistan. Proof of family relationships is necessary for various legal and administrative purposes involving NICOP.

Pakistan Origin Card

The Pakistan Origin Card, or POC, is issued by Pakistani embassies/high commissions to people of Pakistani origin living abroad. POC are not issued to those with dual nationalities.

Emigration from Pakistan

Emigration from the territories that now constitute Pakistan began as early as 3000 BC.

Prehistoric

The presence of Harappan merchants in Mesopotamia from the Indus Valley civilisation is suggested by various forms of glyptic evidence. A recently discovered Mesopotamian cylinder seal inscription reveals that an interpreter from "Meluhha" (Harappa) was present. Several Indus scripted seals have also been discovered in excavations.

Middle Ages

During the 10th century, Arabic chronicles mention tribes coming in contact with Baloch settlers. The majority of Baloch settlers originated from the Makran coast and settled in what is today Oman to form part of the Bedoon community. Many of them worked in various trades including barbers, fan operators, and shopkeepers. Some were even drafted as soldiers for the army of the Iman of Oman. A small population of Muslim clergy from Punjab, Kashmir, and Sindh settled in Mecca by the 14th century in order to aid travellers from the region making the journey for Hajj and to also aid in the expansion of Islam throughout the Indus Valley and its tributaries. Bankers and merchants from southern Punjab (Multan) and northern Sindh (Shikarpur) were present in Safavid Persia during the 15th century where they lived along with Jews and Armenians. Pashtun traders arrived by boat in Batticaloa, Sri Lanka, as early as the 15th century. The Mukkuvar locals established an alliance with the Pashtun traders, enlisting their help to fend off incursions from rivals in the north. The traders were rewarded through marriages, and settled in Eravur. Their settlement may have been deliberate, so as to form a buffer against future invasions from the north. When Arab and Persian merchants expanded maritime trade routes in the 16th century, Sindh became fully integrated into the inter-Asian trade network. This led to increased trade and navigational interactions between Sindhi merchants and Arab/Persian merchants. Sindh also entertained independent commercial relations with East Asia and Southeast Asia, in particular with the Kedah Sultanate on the Malay Peninsula.

Colonial era (1842–1947)

After the fall of Sindh in 1842 and Punjab in 1849, a large part of the territory of today's Pakistan came under rule of the British Empire. From 1842 to 1857, a small number of immigrants from Punjab, Sindh, and Kashmir began arriving in the British Isles as employees of the British East India Company, typically as lashkars and sailors in British port cities. After the establishment of the British Empire in 1857, Baloch and Pashtuns along with Punjabis, Sindhis, and Kashmiris continued coming to Britain as seamen, traders, students, domestic workers, cricketers, political officials, and visitors. A small number of them settled in the region. Many influential members of the Pakistan Movement would spend a considerable amount of time in Britain and Europe who studied at major British institutions, including Muhammad Iqbal and Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Between 1860 and 1930, camel caravans worked in Outback Australia which included Pashtun, Punjabi, Baloch, and Sindhi men as well as others from Kashmir. By 1900, Punjabis and Pashtuns began migrating to other parts of the British Empire. Many were veterans of the British Army, but included a small migrant population who were legally considered British subjects. Pashtun migrants opted for the British Trucial States, where the British used their subjects as a valuable human resource in running the administration. British Columbia became a destination for many Punjabi migrants as agents of the Canadian Pacific Railway and the Hudson's Bay Company were guaranteeing jobs for them between 1902 and 1905. However, many Punjabi migrants returned due to racism and curtailing migration of non-whites by the Canadian government. Others sought opportunities by moving to the United States, particularly Yuba City, California. Poor wages and working conditions convinced Punjabi workers to pool their resources, lease land, and grow their own crops, thereby establishing themselves in the newly budding farming economy of northern California.

Many people from modern Pakistan migrated and settled in Malaysia, which was also part of the British Empire. The Malays and Pakistanis share a strong Muslim identity. At the time of Malaysia's independence under the Federation of Malaya Independence Act 1957, there were more than two-hundred thousand Pakistanis residing in Malaysia. Rather than forming a separate group under the categorized system, at the suggestion of Malays themselves, Pakistanis immersed themselves into the Malay group, thus they became part of the Bumiputra elite, enriched by social ties, intermarriage, and shared economic and political aspirations. They also took positions in the civil service administration and gradually rose to the upper echelons of government, by then inextricably intermixed with the Malay majority. Many elite Malay families have at least one grandparent that was Pakistani. Diplomats, judges, legislators, and other government cadres include people with recognized Pakistani-Malay bloodlines.

Post independence

1947 to 1970

Emigration from Pakistan was relatively small between 1947 and 1970. The rapid industrialization process of Pakistan during the 1950s and 1960s, coupled with the introduction of modern agricultural practices, pushed out surplus labor leading to mass rural to urban migration, primarily to Karachi. During this time period, the majority of Pakistanis who went abroad considered themselves to be "sojourners", who left to earn money abroad but not to settle, or were students who intended to return to Pakistan when their degree programs were completed. By 1971, no more than 900,000 Pakistanis lived abroad with the majority residing in the United Kingdom and Saudi Arabia. In 1959, small numbers of Pakistanis were found to be working in Bahrain, Kuwait, and elsewhere in the Persian Gulf. By 1960, the Pakistani community in Bahrain numbered 2200 while almost half of the population in Kuwait comprised non-nationals, and of them a small number came from Pakistan. Pakistan was already the single most important source of non-Arab expatriate labor in the Kuwait Oil Company (representing about 19% of the workforce) and trailed only Americans among those working for Saudi Aramco in Saudi Arabia, who represented 6% of the workforce.

The first mass migration of Pakistanis began in 1965 during the construction of Mangla Dam in Azad Jammu & Kashmir. Over 280 villages around Mirpur and Dadyal were submerged, which led to the displacement of over 110,000 people from the region. Pakistanis also emigrated from these areas and the regions of Attock and Nowshera due to high levels of unemployment in the regions and harsh terrain that made farming difficult. During the same period, the British government were actively seeking people from abroad to work in industrial towns in north-west England who were suffering from worker shortages. The industrial towns in England that many of the Pakistani emigrants ended up relocating to for work were the towns of Rochdale, Newcastle, Bristol, High Wycombe, Birmingham, Dewsbury, Huddersfield, and Bradford. Thus many worker permits for Britain were awarded to the displaced population of Mirpur who were eligible for work. Close to 50,000 Pakistanis from Mirpur emigrated to Northern England between 1965 and 1970. The Pakistanis who decided to emigrate to Britain in this time period were aided by the 1948 British Nationality Act which allowed for people from British commonwealth countries, such as Pakistan, and travel and settle in Britain as they were considered British citizens.

1971 to present

The availability of a large-scale labor force from Pakistan resulted from a combination of economic, social, and institutional factors at home. By 1970, Pakistan was passing through a serious economic and political crisis which eventually led to the secession of East Pakistan in 1971. The rapid economic development of the 1950s and 1960s could not be sustained by 1970 and a wave of nationalization of business and industry was unfolding under Prime Minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto. This led to slower large-scale industrialization due to a new wave of industrial unrest and disaffection between industrialists and Bhutto's government which favoured nationalization of banking, large-scale trading, and industry. Rural to urban migration into Karachi slowed down during the 1970s and 80s and was substituted by a rising wave of international migration to Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, or Libya. The profile of the work force and their places of origin simply followed the established patterns of internal migration routes. These included people from NWFP, northern Punjab (Potohar Plateau), the "Seraiki belt" in southern Punjab, and the hill-tracts of Azad Jammu & Kashmir. Institutionally, a network of information chains to seek work, and the channels for remitting money to families back in Pakistan, had already existed. The majority of migrants were young males who would seek work abroad while families would remain back in Pakistan. These channels soon expanded and adapted themselves to new requirements and conditions. During the 1960s and 1970s, the remaining Pakistani Jewish community of 2000 began emigrating to Israel and settled in Ramla.

Today's Pakistani diaspora is substantial, with over 9 million Pakistanis residing abroad, with an estimated 4 million Pakistanis in the Persian Gulf region. This represents a significant portion of the population seeking opportunities beyond their homeland. Emigration trends indicate a continued outflow, with 325,142 individuals departing in the first half of 2024 alone. The year 2015 witnessed a peak in outbound migration, as 946,571 Pakistanis left the country primarily in pursuit of employment and enhanced career prospects.

The expatriate labour force in the Persian Gulf has, however, followed what might be called a "circulating work force" pattern. Workers come in, work for a few years during which they periodically visit Pakistan for short or long breaks, and finally return permanently.

Ministry of Overseas Pakistanis and Human Resource Development

Main article: Ministry of Overseas Pakistanis and Human Resource Development

Further information: Bureau of Emigration and Overseas Employment

The Ministry of Overseas Pakistanis and Human Resource Development is a ministry of the Government of Pakistan that oversees matters concerning Overseas Pakistanis and human resource development in Pakistan. Pir Syed Sadaruddin Shah Rashidi is the current minister. The ministry was created in June 2013, from a merger of the Ministry of Overseas Pakistanis and the Ministry of Human Resource Development. which was established in 2008. The Bureau of Emigration & Overseas Employment appoints Community Welfare Attachés around the world to establish and maintain close contacts with the foreign firms who are in need of manpower for their ventures in different countries, and to aid in the welfare of overseas Pakistanis. CWAs are currently located in:

• Bahrain (Manama)
• Greece, (Athens)
• Italy (Milan)
• Kuwait (Kuwait City)
• Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur)
• Norway (Oslo)
• Oman (Muscat)
• Qatar (Doha)
• Saudi Arabia (Jeddah, Riyadh)
• Spain (Barcelona)
• United Arab Emirates (Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah)
• United Kingdom (London, Manchester, Birmingham, Glasgow)
• Canada (Toronto, Vancouver)
• United States (New York City, Washington, D.C., Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles)
• Germany (Frankfurt)

Overseas Pakistanis Foundation

The Overseas Pakistanis Foundation (OPF) was established July 1979, with its head office at Islamabad and regional offices in all provincial capitals as well as Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir. The objective of the OPF is to advance the welfare of the Pakistanis working or settled abroad and their families in Pakistan by identifying their problems and contributing to their solutions. These include health care, financial aid, foreign exchange remittance, and education. The Overseas Pakistanis Foundation operates more than 24 schools in and across Pakistan, offering preschool, primary, secondary, and preparation for local SSC and the international GCE education. Most of its students opt to take the GCE O and AS/A Levels organized by the CIE of UCLES. It also has established international projects in the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, and the United Kingdom. The head office of the OPF school is located in Islamabad, administering the system through six main regional offices:

• Regional Office Karachi, Sindh (ROK)- Karachi Metropolitan Area and Sindh
• Regional Office Lahore, Punjab (ROL) - Punjab
• Regional Office Multan, Punjab (ROM) - some divisions of Punjab under ROM like Multan, Bahawalpur, Dera Ghazi Khan
• Regional Office Northern Areas, Mirpur (AJK) - Gilgit-Baltistan, Azad Jammu and Kashmir
• Regional Office Peshawar, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa (ROP) - Khyber Pakthunkhwa
• Regional Office Quetta, Balochistan (ROQ) - Balochistan

Relations with Pakistan

Main article: Foreign relations of Pakistan

Millions of Pakistanis emigrated to various countries during the 1970s and 1980s. Unlike European immigrants who settled permanently in the new world, many Pakistanis who emigrated considered themselves to be "sojourners", who left to earn money abroad but not to settle, or were students who intended to return to Pakistan when their degree programs were completed.

Little Pakistan

Main article: Little Pakistan

The New York City Metropolitan Area, including New York City, Central New Jersey, as well as Long Island in New York, is home to the largest Pakistani American population.

Little Pakistan is a general name for an ethnic enclave populated primarily by Pakistanis or people of Pakistani ancestry abroad.

Pakistan International School

Main article: Pakistan International School

Pakistan International Schools are schools based outside Pakistan which promote the national curriculum. These schools fall under the jurisdiction of the Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education and cater mainly to students who are not nationals of the host country such as the children of the staff of international businesses, international organizations, embassies, missions, or missionary programs. For overseas Pakistani families, these schools allow continuity in education from Pakistan as most prefer to stay in the same curriculum, especially for older children. Pakistan international schools typically use curricula based on the Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education and offer both Urdu language and English language classes.

From the Middle East

Main article: Arabs in Pakistan

Since the independence of Pakistan in 1947, there has been a large population of Pakistanis in the Middle East, mainly in Saudi Arabia. However, since the 1990s, many of them have opted for countries like the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, and Kuwait. Pakistanis who immigrated to these countries or who were born in these countries tended to stay close to Pakistani culture. Many "International Pakistan Schools" were opened to cater to the large population and for them to study under the same boards as Pakistani students at home. As a result, those returning to Pakistan from the Middle East have found it much easier to adjust. Pakistanis from the Middle East can be found throughout the country today and these people are usually fluent in Urdu, English, and their regional language. They are most likely involved in trading, media, telecommunications, banking, and aviation.

From Europe

Main article: British people in Pakistan

Since the 1990s, a large number of Pakistanis who settled in Europe have been returning to Pakistan. Those who were born in Europe have also maintained close links to Pakistani culture. However, there are some instances of children not learning Urdu while growing up or being accustomed to Pakistani culture. As a result, those who return from Europe do experience "culture shocks". Those returning from Norway and Denmark are mostly settled around Kharian in the Punjab province, whereas those from northern England (Bradford) can be found in Azad Jammu and Kashmir (mainly Mirpur), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and upper Punjab (Jhelum, Chakwal, Attock, and Rawalpindi).

From America

Main articles: Americans in Pakistan and Canadians in Pakistan

Very small numbers of Pakistanis from Canada and the United States have historically returned to Pakistan. Although they frequently visit Pakistan during the summer and winter vacations, permanent settlement had not been popular amongst them until 2001. Since the September 11 terrorist attacks and the recent Financial crisis of 2007–2010, a large number of Pakistani-Americans and Pakistani-Canadians have begun to return. The population of returning expatriates from the Americas, who tend to have excellent credentials, has increased significantly due to new job opportunities in Pakistan. Many from North America are found in the major cities of Pakistan, mainly, Karachi, Lahore, Rawalpindi/Islamabad, Faisalabad, and Peshawar. Large populations can also be found in smaller cities and towns, such as Sialkot. Those returning from North America have tended to find jobs easier in Pakistan and are involved in a wide scope of fields, primarily healthcare, engineering, law, banking, information technology, mass media, and industry.

Remittances

Remittances sent by year ($US billion)

Year	Remittance ($ billion)
2003	4.23
2004	3.87
2005	4.17
2006	4.61
2007	6.51
2008	7.81
2009	8.91
2010	9.32
2011	11.21
2012	13.19
2013	13.90
2014	15.80
2015	18.72
2016	19.92
2017	22.30
2018	19.9
2019	21.7
2020	23.1
2021	29.4
2022	31.2
2023	27

Population by country

A map showing the distribution and population of Pakistan diaspora by country.

  Pakistan

  + 1,000,000

  + 100,000

  + 10,000

  + 1,000

  No data

Population of Pakistanis abroad, by country, according to the 2019-20 Ministry of Overseas Pakistanis and Human Resource Development Yearbook, or other estimates (if indicated).

World region / Country	Article	Overseas Pakistani population
Eastward Asia		~1,108,600
India	Pakistanis in India	918,982 (2011 census)
Malaysia	Pakistanis in Malaysia	85,013 (2020 estimate)
Japan	Pakistanis in Japan	22,118 (2022 official)
Hong Kong	Pakistanis in Hong Kong	18,178 (2021 census)
China	Pakistanis in China	15,000
South Korea	Pakistanis in South Korea	13,990 (2019 official)
Bangladesh	Pakistanis in Bangladesh	11,196 (2011 census)
Indonesia	Pakistanis in Indonesia	8,645 (2020 estimate)
Thailand	Pakistanis in Thailand	6,500
Singapore	Pakistanis in Singapore	4,562 (2012)
Myanmar	Pakistanis in Burma	3,101 (2020 estimate)
Nepal	Pakistanis in Nepal	1,212 (2020 estimate)
Sri Lanka	Pakistanis in Sri Lanka	1,083 (2020 estimate)
Brunei	Pakistanis in Brunei	893 (2020 estimate)
Vietnam	Pakistanis in Vietnam	622 (2020 estimate)
Philippines	Pakistanis in Philippines	451 (2020 census)
Maldives	Pakistanis in Maldives	450
Cambodia	Pakistanis in Cambodia	350
East Timor	Pakistanis in East Timor	301 (2020 estimate)
Taiwan	Pakistanis in Taiwan	259 (2022 official)
North Korea	Pakistanis in North Korea	172 (2020 estimate)
Laos	Pakistanis in Laos	50
Bhutan	Pakistanis in Bhutan	21 (2020 estimate)
Mongolia	Pakistanis in Mongolia	21 (2020 estimate)
Middle (East) Crescent		~5,430,900
Saudi Arabia	Pakistanis in Saudi Arabia	2,714,684
United Arab Emirates	Pakistanis in the United Arab Emirates	1,600,000
Kuwait	Pakistanis in Kuwait	339,033 (2020 estimate)
Oman	Pakistanis in Oman	250,092 (2020 estimate)
Qatar	Pakistanis in Qatar	235,505 (2020 estimate)
Bahrain	Pakistanis in Bahrain	117,000
Afghanistan	Pakistanis in Afghanistan	102,500 (2020 estimate)
Türkiye	Pakistanis in Türkiye	17,290 (2021 official)
Jordan	Pakistanis in Jordan	16,500
Iran	Pakistanis in Iran	14,320 (2016 census)
Libya	Pakistanis in Libya	6,000
Cyprus	Pakistanis in Cyprus	4,000
Yemen	Pakistanis in Yemen	3,024 (2017 estimate)
Algeria	Pakistanis in Algeria	2,500
Kyrgyzstan	Pakistanis in Kyrgyzstan	2000
Sudan	Pakistanis in Sudan	2,000
Lebanon	Pakistanis in Lebanon	721 (2020 estimate)
Iraq	Pakistanis in Iraq	688 (2020 estimate)
Egypt	Pakistanis in Egypt	619 (2020 estimate)
Tunisia	Pakistanis in Tunisia	500
Syria	Pakistanis in Syria	481
Uzbekistan	Pakistanis in Uzbekistan	357
Kazakhstan	Pakistanis in Kazakhstan	350
Azerbaijan	Pakistanis in Azerbaijan	274 (2022 official)
Morocco	Pakistanis in Morocco	176 (2017 estimate)
Tajikistan	Pakistanis in Tajikistan	103 (2020 estimate)
Georgia	Pakistanis in Georgia	27 86 (2002 census)
Mauritania	Pakistanis in Mauritania	50
Turkmenistan	Pakistanis in Turkmenistan	14
Sub-Saharan Africa		~43,700
South Africa	Pakistanis in South Africa	11,157 (2016 official)
Kenya	Pakistanis in Kenya	10,000
Uganda	Pakistanis in Uganda	5,000
Mozambique	Pakistanis in Mozambique	4,423 (2020 estimate)
Tanzania	Pakistanis in Tanzania	3,050
Nigeria	Pakistanis in Nigeria	2,050
Mali	Pakistanis in Mali	1,500
Zimbabwe	Pakistanis in Zimbabwe	700
Malawi	Pakistanis in Malawi	515
Burundi	Pakistanis in Burundi	500
Rwanda	Pakistanis in Rwanda	500
Liberia	Pakistanis in Liberia	500
Botswana	Pakistanis in Botswana	464 (2020 estimate)
Lesotho	Pakistanis in Lesotho	419 (2020 estimate)
Mauritius	Pakistanis in Mauritius	378
Zambia	Pakistanis in Zambia	350
Djibouti	Pakistanis in Djibouti	300
South Sudan	Pakistanis in South Sudan	250
Ethiopia	Pakistanis in Ethiopia	240
Namibia	Pakistanis in Namibia	173 (2020 estimate)
Madagascar	Pakistanis in Madagascar	138
Senegal	Pakistanis in Senegal	122
Congo DR	Pakistanis in Democratic Republic of the Congo	115
Gambia	Pakistanis in Gambia	109
Eritrea	Pakistanis in Eritrea	100
Sierra Leone	Pakistanis in Sierra Leone	86 (2020 estimate)
Ghana	Pakistanis in Ghana	76 (2020 estimate)
Angola	Pakistanis in Angola	75
Somalia	Pakistanis in Somalia	72 (2017 estimate)
Niger	Pakistanis in Niger	68
Ivory Coast	Pakistanis in Ivory Coast	66
Réunion (France)	Pakistanis in Réunion	45 (2015 census)
Guinea	Pakistanis in Guinea	29 (2014 census)
Seychelles	Pakistanis in Seychelles	28
Comoros	Pakistanis in Comoros	14
Guinea Bissau	Pakistanis in Guinea Bissau	10
Latin America		4,200+
Brazil	Pakistanis in Brazil	2,348 (2022 official)
Chile	Pakistanis in Chile	653 (2017 census)
Mexico	Pakistanis in Mexico	331 (2020 census)
Ecuador	Pakistanis in Ecuador	225
Peru	Pakistanis in Peru	153 (2017 official)
Panama	Pakistanis in Panama	99 (2020 estimate)
Dominican Republic	Pakistanis in Dominican Republic	75 (2010 census)
Uruguay	Pakistanis in Uruguay	75
Argentina	Pakistanis in Argentina	64 (2010 census)
Bolivia	Pakistanis in Bolivia	40
Venezuela	Pakistanis in Venezuela	40
Colombia	Pakistanis in Colombia	37 (2018 census)
Paraguay	Pakistanis in Paraguay	30
Guatemala	Pakistanis in Guatemala	26 (2020 estimate)
Nicaragua	Pakistanis in Nicaragua	14
Puerto Rico (USA)	Pakistanis in Puerto Rico	10 (2021 census)
Northern America and the Caribbean		933,400+
United States	Pakistani American	625,570 (2022 American Community Survey)
Canada	Pakistani Canadian	303,260 (2021 official census)
Trinidad and Tobago	Pakistanis in Trinidad and Tobago	88
Bermuda (UK)	Pakistanis in Bermuda	29 (2020 estimate)
Guyana	Pakistanis in Guyana	25
Suriname	Pakistanis in Suriname	25
Grenada	Pakistanis in Grenada	21
Cayman Islands (UK)	Pakistanis in Cayman Islands	11 (2019 official)
Barbados	Pakistanis in Barbados	10
Europe		2,275,100+
United Kingdom	British Pakistanis, Pakistanis in London	United Kingdom: 1,174,983 (2011 official UK census) England: 1,570,287 (2021 census) Scotland: 49,381 (2011 census) Wales: 17,535 (2021 census) Northern Ireland: 1,596 (2021 census)
Germany	Pakistanis in Germany	140,000 (2022 official)
Italy	Pakistanis in Italy	134,492 (2021 official)
Spain	Pakistanis in Spain	108,710 (2022 official)
Norway	Pakistanis in Norway	46,300 (2023 official)
Greece	Pakistanis in Greece	34,177 (2011 official census)
France	Pakistanis in France	29,387 (2019 official)
Sweden	Pakistanis in Sweden	27,292 (2022 official)
Netherlands	Pakistanis in the Netherlands	27,261 (2022 official)
Denmark	Pakistanis in Denmark	26,714 (2023 official estimate)
Belgium	Pakistanis in Belgium	19,247 (2012 official estimate)
Republic of Ireland	Pakistanis in Ireland	12,891 (2016 official census)
Portugal	Pakistanis in Portugal	10,828 (2022 official)
Austria	Pakistanis in Austria	5,914 (2021 census)
Finland	Pakistanis in Finland	4,726 (2022 official estimate)
Switzerland	Pakistanis in Switzerland	3,217 (2020 official estimate)
Ukraine	Pakistanis in Ukraine	2,000
Russia	Pakistanis in Russia	1,878 (2015 official)
Hungary	Pakistanis in Hungary	1,719 (2022 official)
Poland	Pakistanis in Poland	1,318
Romania	Pakistanis in Romania	1,032 (2020 estimate)
Czech Republic	Pakistanis in Czech Republic	979 (2022 official)
Estonia	Pakistanis in Estonia	555 (2021 census)
Malta	Pakistanis in Malta	549 (2020 estimate)
Albania	Pakistanis in Albania	491 (irregular foreigners) (2019 official)
Bulgaria	Pakistanis in Bulgaria	456 (2022 official)
Luxembourg	Pakistanis in Luxembourg	206 (2020 official)
Latvia	Pakistanis in Latvia	144 (2023 official)
Iceland	Pakistanis in Iceland	137 (2022 official)
Slovakia	Pakistanis in Slovakia	130 (2020 official)
Belarus	Pakistanis in Belarus	120
Lithuania	Pakistanis in Lithuania	51 (2021 census)
Slovenia	Pakistanis in Slovenia	41 (2022 official)
Serbia	Pakistanis in Serbia	28
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Pakistanis in Bosnia and Herzegovina	25
Moldova	Pakistanis in Moldova	16 (2021 official)
Croatia	Pakistanis in Croatia	10
Oceania		97,660+
Australia	Pakistani Australian	89,633 (2021 official census)
New Zealand	Pakistani New Zealander	6,135 (2018 census)
Fiji	Pakistanis in Fiji	1,867 (2020 estimate)
Total overseas Pakistani population		~9,956,000

See also

Diasporas of Pakistani ethnic groups

• Baloch diaspora
• Kashmiri diaspora
• Hazara diaspora
• Muhajir diaspora
• Pashtun diaspora
• Punjabi diaspora
• Sindhi diaspora
• Saraiki diaspora

Other

• NADRA
• Demographics of Pakistan
• Pakistani students abroad
• Little Pakistan

References

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7174294.stm

Bibliography

• Mehmood, Maryyum (2021). "Mapping Muslim Moral Provinces: Framing Feminized Piety of Pakistani Diaspora". Religions. 12 (5): 356. doi:10.3390/rel12050356.

External links

• Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Foreign Affairs Division
• The Asian Population Census report 2010
• Pakistan Cultural Association -Australia