Jump to content

Otto Kratky

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Citation bot (talk | contribs) at 23:56, 2 January 2023 (Add: s2cid, authors 1-1. Removed parameters. Some additions/deletions were parameter name changes. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by SemperIocundus | #UCB_webform 50/2500). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Otto Kratky
Born(1902-03-09)March 9, 1902
Vienna, Austria-Hungary
DiedFebruary 11, 1995(1995-02-11) (aged 92)
Graz, Austria
EducationTechnical University Vienna
Kaiser Wilhelm Institute
Known forsmall-angle X-ray scattering
Scientific career
InstitutionsUniversity of Vienna
Kaiser Wilhelm Institute
Czech Technical University in Prague
University of Graz
Doctoral advisorReginald Oliver Herzog
Other academic advisorsHerman Francis Mark
Doctoral studentsGünther Porod
Hellmut Fischmeister

Otto Kratky (German: [ˈɔtɔ ˈkʁatki]; born 9 March 1902 in Vienna – died 11 February 1995 in Graz) was an Austrian physicist. He is best known for his contribution to the small-angle X-ray scattering method, for the Kratky plot, and for the invention of the density metering using the oscillating u-tube principle. The worm-like chain model in polymer physics, introduced with Günther Porod in a 1949 paper, is also named the Kratky–Porod model.[1]

Education and career

Otto Kratky was born in Vienna as the son of the painter Rudolf Kratky. After graduating from high school, he studied chemistry at the Technical University Vienna and completed his studies in 1929 with a doctorate. After completing his university education, he became an assistant at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in Berlin-Dahlem in 1928, a position he held until 1933. He then worked as a university lecturer at the University of Vienna until he returned to the Institute for Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in Berlin in 1937 as the head of the X-ray department. From 1940 to 1943 he was a civil servant. He became a full professor at the Czech Technical University in Prague and from 1943 to 1945 head of the institute for physical chemistry there.[2][3]

From 1946 to 1972, Kratky was professor at the University of Graz Institute for Physical Chemistry. In 1956/57 he served as rector of the university.[4]

Honors and awards

In 1936, Kratky won the Haitinger Prize of the Austrian Academy of Sciences.[5] In 1985 he was elected to the German order Pour le Mérite.[6] Kratky was awarded the Erwin Schrödinger Prize by the Austrian Academy of Sciences in 1964,[7] the Wilhelm Exner Medal in 1970,[8] and the Gregori Aminoff Prize in 1987.

References

  1. ^ Kratky, O.; Porod, G. (1949). "Röntgenuntersuchung gelöster Fadenmoleküle". Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas. 68 (12): 1106–1122. doi:10.1002/recl.19490681203.
  2. ^ Nowotny, H. (1967). "Otto Kratky". Berichte der Bunsengesellschaft für physikalische Chemie. 71 (2): 129–130. doi:10.1002/bbpc.19670710202.
  3. ^ Schurz, J. (1995-10-01). "Otto Kratky (March 1902–February 1995)". Colloid and Polymer Science. 273 (10): 994–995. doi:10.1007/BF00660378. ISSN 1435-1536. S2CID 97073569.
  4. ^ http://boch35.kfunigraz.ac.at/ifc-history/3_ptch.shtml Archived 2011-10-04 at the Wayback Machine history of physical chemistry at Graz.
  5. ^ "Kratky, Otto" (in German). Austria-Forum. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
  6. ^ "Orden Pour le Mérite". Archived from the original on 2011-10-03. Retrieved 2011-08-04.
  7. ^ "Preisträger und Preisträgerinnen des Erwin Schrödinger-Preises" (in German). Austrian Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original on 19 August 2011. Retrieved 22 August 2011.
  8. ^ Editor, ÖGV. (2015). Wilhelm Exner Medal. Austrian Trade Association. ÖGV. Austria.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Otto_Kratky&oldid=1131186687"