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Template:Infobox Indian urban area Nāgpur pronunciationⓘ (Marathi:नागपूर) Third largest city in the western Indian state of Maharashtra after Mumbai and Pune with a population of 2.1 million (2001 Census), Nagpur was the 13th largest urban conglomeration in India in 2001 and the foremost city in Maharashtra's eastern Vidarbha region. Nagpur is also the state's second capital, where winter session of Maharashtra legislative assembly is held.[1] and the headquarters of Nagpur District and Nagpur Division administrations. [2] On a global scale, Nagpur is estimated to be the 114th largest city [3] and the 143rd largest urban area in the world in 2006 in terms of population.[4] Nagpur is also important geographically as it lies practically at the centre of India with the country's geographical centre (Zero Mile) being situated here.[5] Moreover, Nagpur is well-known throughout India as a trade centre for high-quality oranges grown in the surrounding region and hence the city is also known as Santra Nagari (Marathi for 'Orange City').[6] Recently, the city celebrated 300 years of its establishment. [7]

Geography and Climate

File:Orange Nagpur.jpg
An Orange farm on the outskirts of Nagpur city

Nagpur has an area of approximately 220 km²[8] and is situated at 21° 06' N latitude and 79° 03' E longitude and a mean altitude of 310 meters above sea level.[9] Being located far away from any major water body at the centre of the Indian peninsula, the Nagpur's climate is dry or mildly humid for most of the year except for the rainy season. Nagpur city receives an annual rainfall of 1,205 mm (47.44 in) mostly between the months of June and September.[8] The highest recorded rainfall was 304 mm on July 14, 1994.[10] Summer lasts from March to June, with temperatures peaking in the month of May. Summers in Nagpur are extremely hot, with daytime temperatures regularly exceeding 40°C (104°F). Winter lasts from November to January, during which it is not unusual for temperatures to drop below 10°C (50°F).[9] The highest recorded temperature in the city was 48.6 °C (119.5 °F) on 1954-05-26[1], while the lowest was 3°C.

History

The first reference to the name Nagpur is found in a 10th century copper-plate inscription discovered at Devali in the neighbouring Wardha district. The inscription is a record of grant of a village situated in the visaya (district) of Nagpura-Nandivardhana during time of Rastrakuta king Krsna III in the Saka year 862 (940 CE). [11][12] However, tradition ascribes the founding of Nagpur to Bakht Buland, a prince of the Gond kingdom of Deogarh in the Chhindwara district. In 1743, the Maratha leader Raghoji Bhonsle of Vidarbha established himself at Nagpur, after conquering the territories of Deogarh, Chanda and Chhattisgarh by 1751. After Raghoji's death in 1755, his son and successor Janoji was forced to acknowledge the effective supremacy of the Maratha Peshwa of Pune in 1769. Regardless, the Nagpur state continued to grow. Janoji's successor Mudhoji I (d. 1788) came to power in 1785 and bought Mandla and the upper Narmada valley from the Peshwa between 1796 and 1798, after which Raghoji II (d. 1816) acquired Hoshangabad, the larger part of Saugor and Damoh. Under Raghoji II, Nagpur covered what is now the east of Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Orissa, and parts of Madhya Pradesh and Jharkhand.

File:Sitabuldifort.jpg
The Sitabuldi Fort

In 1803 Raghoji II joined the Peshwas against the British in the Second Anglo-Maratha War. The British prevailed, and Raghoji was forced to cede Cuttack, Sambalpur, and part of Berar. After Raghoji II's death in 1816, his son Parsaji was deposed and murdered by Mudhoji II. Despite the fact that he had entered into a treaty with the British in the same year, Mudhoji joined the Peshwa in the Third Anglo-Maratha War in 1817 against the British, but was forced to cede the rest of Berar to the Nizam of Hyderabad, and parts of Saugor and Damoh, Mandla, Betul, Seoni and the Narmada valley to the British after suffering a defeat at Sitabuldi in modern-day Nagpur city. Mudhoji was deposed after a temporary restoration to the throne, after which the British placed Raghoji III the grandchild of Raghoji II, on the throne. During the rule of Raghoji III (which lasted till 1840), the region was administered by a British resident. In 1853, the British took control of Nagpur after Raghoji III died without leaving an heir. From 1853 to 1861, the Nagpur Province (which consisted of the present Nagpur region, Chhindwara, and Chhatisgarh) became part of the Central Provinces and Berar and came under the administration of a commissioner under the British central government, with Nagpur as its capital. Berar was added in 1903.

TATA, one of the most respected industrial houses in India, started the country's first textile mill at Nagpur[13], formally known as Central India Spinning and Weaving Company Ltd. The company was popularly known as "Empress Mills" as it was inaugurated on 1 January 1877, the day queen Victoria was proclaimed Empress of India.

Nagpur was a scene of significant political activity during India's freedom struggle. The city hosted two annual sessions of the Indian National Congress and the Non Co-Operation Movement was launched in the Nagpur session of 1920. After Indian Independence in 1947, Central Provinces and Berar became a province of India, and in 1950 became the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh, again with Nagpur as its capital. However when the Indian states were reorganized along linguistic lines in 1956, the Nagpur region and Berar were transferred to Bombay state, which in 1960 was split between the states of Maharashtra and Gujarat. There has been talk of Nagpur being the next National Capital for some time now, as at many given times, the government has felt that New Delhi is located too close to China and Pakistan.

Notable Institutions in Nagpur

File:Vidhan Bhavan.jpg
The Old Vidhan Bhavan

Nagpur gains its political importance from the fact that the entire political community of Maharashtra descends on the city for the two week duration of the Winter Session of the Maharashtra State Legislative Assembly during the month of December.[14] In addition, a bench of the Bombay High Court is located in the city.[15] Furthermore, Nagpur is known throughout India as the birthplace and headquarters of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a Hindu nationalist organization.[1]

Nagpur is an important city for the scientific community as it is home to the headquarters of a number of national level scientific and governmental establishments like the National Environmental Engineering and Research Institute (NEERI), Central Institute of Cotton Research (CICR), National Research Centre for Citrus, National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, the Jawaharlal Nehru National Aluminium Research and Development Centre, the Indian Bureau of Mines, India's Intellectual Property Training Institute, the National Academy of Direct Taxes, the Chief Controller of Explosives of the Petroleum and Explosives Safety Organisation, and the South Central Zone Cultural Centre in addition to a regional office of the Indian Meteorological Department.

File:Nagpurhighcourt.jpg
The Nagpur Bench of the Bombay High Court

Nagpur is also an important city for the Indian armed forces as the headquarters of Maintenance Command of the Indian Air Force and an Ordinance factory and Staff College for the Indian Armed Forces are located in the city. In addition, the Nagpur suburb named Kamptee is home a neatly laid out cantonment of the Regimental Centre of Indian Army's Brigade that is made up of the National Cadet Corps' Officers' Training School, Institute of Military Law, and other establishments of Indian Army. Furthermore, Nagpur's National Civil Defence College provides civil defence and disaster management training to pupils from all over India and abroad. The city is also the home for Indian Air Force's giant IL-76 transport planes nicknamed "Gajraj."[16]

Due to Nagpur's geographical position, all distances within India are measured from Zero Mile located in the Civil Lines locality in the city.

Places of Interest

File:DIKSHA2.jpg
Deekshabhoomi

Deekshabhoomi is famous throughout India as the site where Dr. B. R. Ambedkar embraced Buddhism to promote his efforts to overcome discrimination against lower-caste and untouchable Hindus, and is also the largest hollow stupa in the world. [17] Dalits and Buddhists from all over the country converge to Deekshabhoomi every year on Ashoka Dashmi.

The Sitabuldi fort situated near Kasturchand Park was the site of a fierce battle between the British and the Bhonsle Empire in 1817. The battle was a turning point as it laid the foundations of the downfall of the Bhonsles and paved the way for the British acquisition of Nagpur city.[18]

Almost every part of the city has at least one major Hindu temple. The Sri Poddareshwar Ram Mandir in Ram Nagar is arguably the most popular religious spot in the city. The ancient Shri Mahalaxmi Devi temple 17km from the city is the town of Koradi draws devotees to its doors throughout the year, especially during annual Navratri festival.[19] Prominent places of worship for other religions are also situated in the city. The Catholic Seminary located at Seminary Hills is one of the finest in the state. A Buddhist Dragon Palace Temple located on the outskirts of the city has become popular tourist spot in recent times due to its exquisite architecture and serene environment.

The city also contains a number of lakes that are popular recreation spots- Ambazari, Telangkhedi (which underwent major renovation recently), Gandhisagar, Gorewada, and Sonegaon to name a few. With its scenic gardens and recreation facilities, the Ambazari Lake has historically been one of the most popular spots in Nagpur, a status that it retains to this day. Another popular spot is the Maharajbag Zoo, originally a garden developed by the Bhonsle rulers.[20] The Zoo contains several rare species of birds and animals. Pench forest reserve, which is the setting for Rudyard Kipling's The Jungle Book, is 45 miles to the north of Nagpur.

File:VCAstadiumnagpur.jpg
The VCA Stadium in Nagpur

The Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground (VCA) in Nagpur is one of the nine test venues in the country. A new stadium of VCA is coming up on Wardha road which boasts a seating capacity of 80,000 people.[21][22]

Nagpur boasts many restaurants specializing in Indian as well as international cuisine. Liberty and Smruti are the two most popular movie theatres, screening all major Bollywood releases. The city is now enjoying its first multi-screen theatre (multiplex) at Wardhaman Nagar. Three other multiplex theatres are coming up in the city.

For its size and population, Nagpur has only two five-star hotels Hotel Tuli International, and Hotel Pride. Other prominent delux hotels are Hotel Centre Point and Airport Centre Point, and Hotel Chidambara. A number of budget hotels are located along Central Avenue, a main street passing through business areas.

Demographics

Marathi, official language of Maharashtra is most widely-spoken language in Nagpur. Varhadi dialect of Marathi is spoken in and around Nagpur city. Hindi is also spoken. In 2001, the urban population was 2,129,500, and there were around 410,000 households in the city. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for around 25% of the population. The sex ratio was 936 females per 1000 males. Around 99.4% of the population was engaged in non-agricultural activities, attesting to the overwhelmingly urban character of Nagpur city.[23]

Culture

Like most major Indian cities, Nagpur's cosmopolitan culture reflects the presence of people from all over India. A notable fact about Nagpur is that it has remained peacful even as other Indian cities like Kolkota and Mumbai went through violent episodes of communal conflicts for one reason or another.[24]

File:ShobhaYatra.JPG
The annual Shobha Yatra held on Ram Navami in the city

Although the middle class continues to comprise the major chunk of Nagpur's population, in recent times there has been an unprecendented rise in the number of millionares residing in the city. In 2006, the number of millionaire households in Nagpur grew at a faster pace than other major cities like Pune, Delhi, or Chennai. [25] Although historically the city has not reaped the benefits of India's economic boom in comparison to cities like Hyderabad and Bangalore, Nagpur remains one of the most livable cities in the country due to its citizen- friendly statistics. Recently, the city was judged as the cleanest and second greenest in India after Bangalore.[26] Nagpur's crime has remained at a constant level. In general, the housing supply is moderately priced in comparison to megacities like Mumbai and Delhi, although the price of land has skyrocketed in posh localities like Ramdaspeth and Civil Lines. [27] The city enjoys good quality and abundant water supply thanks to a successful crackdown on water theft by the local municipal corporation (NMC).[28] However, various parts of the city have been affected by power cuts ranging from two and half to four hours in recent times due to the acute shortage of electricity in the state of Maharashtra.[29]

Several important religious events are observed in the city throughout the year. Every year on Ram Navami (which usually falls in late March or early April), Nagpur plays host to spectacular shobha yatra in which a massive procession of floats depicting various events from the Ramayana is organized by the Sri Poddareshwar Ram Mandir.[30] The procession snakes through several important streets of the city from late afternoon to well past midnight and is witnessed by hundreds of thousands of people from the city as well as other parts of India. Like the rest of India, Nagpurians celebrates major Hindu festivals like Diwali, Holi and Dussera with fervour and enthusiasm. Celebrations lasting for several days are held on Ganesh Chaturthi and Durga Puja festivals in virtually every small locality in the city. Processions are also held on important festivals of other religions such as Eid e Milad, Guru Nanak Jayanti, Mahavir Jayanti and Moharram.

Nagpur also plays host to a variety of cultural events throughout the year. A week long Kalidas Festival organized by Maharashtra government and the South Central Zone Cultural Centre acts as a venue for a series of music and dance performances by such artistes of national repute as Ustad Amjad Ali Khan and Pandit Vishwa Mohan Bhatt.[31] The South Central Cultural Centre also actively sponsors various other cultural events in Nagpur city, such as the Orange City Craft Mela and Folk Dance Festival, which is noted for its numerous folk-dances. [32] Nagpurians are also fond of Indian classical music and dance as is evident from the regular solo performances held Pandit Bhimsen Joshi and other famous artists.[33] In addition, there are regular stagings of Marathi plays that have a large following.

Nagpur has a vibrant media scene with its own TV as well as radio station. In fact, All India Radio's Nagpur station is among the earliest set up in India, and currently Nagpur is the only non metro city in India that has two Doordarshan channels on air. Major newspapers in Marathi, Hindi, and English languages are published in the city. Lokmat, Sakal, Tarun Bharat, and Loksatta are major Marathi language newspapers published in Nagpur, while Dainik Bhaskar, Nav Bharat and Lokmat samachar are the leading Hindi ones. The locally published newspaper Orange City News and The Hitavada are the leading English language weekly and daily in Central India, while local editions of nationally known English language newspapers such as the Indian Express and The Times of India are also published in Nagpur city.

Major Localities

  • The Civil Lines contains most of the government offices and residences in Nagpur including the Bombay High Court bench and the Vidhan Bhavan. The area is noted for its greenery and cleanliness .
  • Sitabuldi is the main commercial part of the city. It contains numerous shops of all sizes and the largest wholesale vegetable market in Nagpur. Sitabuldi Main Road is one of the main shopping streets in the area. Also located in Sitabuldi is the Sitabuldi Fort. It is situated on an elevated area. Being under the control of the Indian Army, the fort is only open to the public on two occasions every year -- August 15 (Independence Day) and January 26 (Republic Day). The longest flyover in Nagpur has its origin in Sitabuldi and terminates at Lokmat Square, approximately 1.5 kilometer away.
  • Dharampeth is noted for a variety of up-scale shops, restaurants, and a retail vegetable market.
  • Ramdaspeth contains numerous up-scale shops, public and private offices, and malls.
  • Itwari is the wholesale business center of Nagpur.
  • Mahal is the old part of Nagpur, and is noted for its relatively narrow streets and crowded residential quarters.
  • Kalamna is the one of the largest wholesale market most likely oranges and grain market in Asia.

Economy

File:Butibori.jpg
The Butibori Industrial Estate

Nagpur has been the centre of commerce in the Vidarbha region since early days and currently is a large trading centre for a number of commodities and services. However, Nagpur's economic importance has gradually declined relative to Mumbai and Pune after the merging of Vidarbha into the Maharashtra as a result of a prolonged period of neglect by the state government. During this period, the state and central government offices were a major source of employment in the city. However, Nagpur is witnessing an economic boom in recent years and attracted Rs. 5,000 crore in investment in 2004.[34] A multimodal cargo and passenger hub project briefly known as cargo hub project is coming up near Nagpur international airport. The project named as Multimodal International Hub Airport At Nagpur(MIHAN) will act as "break of bulk" point for heavy cargo coming from south east Asia and Middle east Asia. Currently Boeing has shown keen interest in setting up 500 crore Maintenance, repairing and Overhauling (MRO) unit at Nagpur keeping in view the geographical location of Nagpur. Nagpur is also coming up with the first textile park in Vidarbha region which is being set up by Shri Ranjeet Deshmukh the former Minister from the State of Maharashtra and assisted by Abhijit Gupta from Nagpur Synthetics Pvt Ltd.

Currently a significant number of industries are located within the vicinity of Nagpur city. The Butibori industrial area is the largest in all of Asia in terms of area.[35] The estate's largest unit is Indo Rama Synthetics, which manufactures synthetic polyester yarn. Other notable units in Butibori include the power transmission company KEC, Hyundai Unitech, ACC Nihon Castings Ltd.[36] The estate also houses a number of other textile units, a washing machine plant belonging to the Videocon group, besides several medium-sized units that manufacture a variety of products. In addition, the first food park in the state of Maharashtra is located in the estate.[37] Though Butibori could not quite live up to its original promise, industrial activity is picking up due to the saturation in the Mumbai-Thane-Pune belt.

The Hingna industrial estate located on the western fringes of the city is made up of around 900 small and medium industrial units. The major ones among them are tractor manufacturing plant of Mahindra and Mahindra, casting units of NECO Ltd. (the country's largest casting group),[38] units of International Combustions, Bajaj Auto group, Candico (the SECOND largest confectionery manufacturing plant in India [39]), Ajanta toothbrushes, Sanvijay Group (largest steel rolling group of companies for long products in Central India)[40] and Vicco Laboratories, which specializes in ayurvedic products.[41] Moreover, Nagpur is also home to well-known ice-cream maker Dinshaws and the nationally famous sweetmaker Haldiram's.[42]

Nagpur is also the next most favoured Information Technology (IT) destination in Maharashtra after Mumbai and Pune due to factors favorable to the IT industry like the city's location, good infrastructure (the spick and span four laned roads of Nagpur give it a leverage compared to Pune and even Banglore), and the availability of a large and relatively cheap pool of skilled labor from local and regional educational institutions.[43] In the near future, Nagpur will also have a Rs. 10,000 crore Special Economic Zone (SEZ)[27] attached that has already attracted some of India's top-notch Information Technology companies like Satyam Computer Services and L&T Infocity.[44]

Education

File:Oneoftopfourcollegesnagpur.jpg
A view of one of the colleges in Nagpur

Nagpur is a major education centre in Central India and attracts students from all over the country[45]. Founded in 1923, Nagpur University (recently renamed Rashtrasant Tukdoji Maharaj Nagpur University)[46] is one of the oldest in the country[47], and has geographical jurisdiction over the five districts of Nagpur division in addition to giving affiliation to hundreds of colleges. The city is also home to three medical colleges - the Government Medical College, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, and privately run NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences.[48] Additionally, Nagpur has several reputed engineering colleges like the Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology (VNIT) (which is now a deemed university) and the Laxminarayan Institute of Technology (LIT), as well as several reputed public as well as private colleges like Hislop College and Shivaji Science College. And last but not least, a National Fire Service College that runs the country's only graduation course in Fire Engineering[49] and a world-class 25-acre campus of the Indian Institute of Management Technology (IMT) are some of the more elite institutions situated in Nagpur.[50]

In addition to the large number of colleges, Nagpur also has a number of fine schools that offer education through Marathi, Hindi, and English media. In recent times there has been a spurt of privately funded schools affiliated with CBSE (Central Board for Secondary Education).[51]

Nagpur city had a literacy rate of 89.3% in 2001, the highest among all Indian cities.[52] However, like the rest of India, female literacy lagged behind that of males.[23]

Transport

Railways

Due to its central location, Nagpur is a very important railway junction and a transit for almost all the trains that connect the country lengthwise and breadthwise, especially trains connecting India's four major metropolises (Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, and Kolkota) located in the four corners of the country.[53] The main railway station in Nagpur city is the Nagpur Railway Station, while the much smaller Ajni, Itwari, Kalamna, Kamptee, and Khapri are the other railway stations in the city's vicinity.

Roads

Nagur offers clean and wide roads

Nagpur is also a major junction for roadways as India's two major national highways (Kanyakumari-Varanasi (NH 7) and Hajira-Kolkota (NH-6)) pass through the city.[27] One more highway number 69 connect Nagpur to Obaidullaganj near Bhopal. Nagpur is also at the junction of two Asian Highways namely AH47 Agra,India to Matara, Sri Lanka and AH46 connecting Kharagpur, India to Dhule,India Moreover, Nagpur city has come in the national spotlight recenty for its good roads, which were developed as part of the upgradation and renewal works under Integrated Road Development Project (IRDP), spearheaded by the erstwhile Commissioner of the Corporation Dr. T Chandrashekhar. In another notable development, the Inland Container Depot at Nagpur run by Container Corporation of India (CONCOR) has been the fastest growing inland port in the country in recent years.[27]

Air

File:MIHAN masterplan.gif
The masterplan for the MIHAN complex on the outskirts of Nagpur city.

Nagpur's Air Traffic Control (ATC) is the busiest in India[27], with more than 300 international flights flying over the city every day in 2004.[54] Domestic airlines such as Indian Airlines, Jet Airways, Indigo, [goAir] and Air Deccan connect Nagpur with major cities like Mumbai (5 flights daily), Delhi (2 flights daily), Hyderabad (1 flight daily and 1, 4 times a week), and Kolkata (1 flight thrice a week and another twice a week). In October 2005, Nagpur's erstwhile Sonegaon Airport was declared an international airport and was renamed Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar International Airport.[55] Initial flights between Nagpur and Sharjah were launched by Air Arabia with the intention of tapping the strong demand for international travel within Central India.[56] In April 2006 Indian Airlines connected Nagpur and Bangkok with a non-stop twice weekly service. Likewise, Qatar Airways has announced that it will start a thrice-weekly service from Nagpur to Doha shortly.

Nagpur is set to be a prominent destination on India's aviation map as the country's first ever Multi-modal International Cargo Hub (MIHAN) was completed on the outskirts of the city in 2006. MIHAN is expected to contribute significantly to the development of the city as well as the economically backward Vidarbha region.[57][58] Another major impetus to the budding aviation industry in Nagpur is Boeing's decision to set up a $ 185 million maintenance base in the city in 2006.[59]

Airlines flying into the airport include

Metropolitan

Despite its high population and commercial importance, Nagpur has a poor public transport system. Buses, which are directly operated by the Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation, number 173 for the entire rural and urban area (according to the Hitavada, Sept., 2006). Such a small number of buses results in unreliable services. Six-sitter auto-rikshaws, which were becoming popular as a cheap mode of transport, were banned from plying on city roads by a high court order in 2006, leaving only the expensive 3 sitter auto-rikshaws available as a means of public transport. The proposed integrated bus and monorail project that is to be implemented in the next five to six years could potentially improve the situation.

Nagpur in 1911

In the early phase of its development, the city was lead by the then mayor, Sushrut Kulkarni, who is famous for being a leading activist during India's freedom struggle. The 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica offers a picture of Nagpur in the early part of the 20th century:

The city is 1125 ft. above the sea; Pop. (1901) 127,734. The town is well laid out, with several parks and artificial lakes, and has numerous Hindu temples. The prettily wooded suburb of Sitabaldi contains the chief government buildings, the houses of Europeans, the railway station and the cantonments, with fort and arsenal. In the centre stands Sitabaldi Hill, crowned with the fort. Beyond the station lies the broad sheet of water known as the Jama Talao, and farther east is the city, completely hidden in a mass of foliage. Handsome tanks and gardens, constructed by the Maratha princes, lie outside the city. The palace, built of black basalt and profusely ornamented with wood carving, was burnt down in 1864, and only the great gateway remains. The garrison consists of detachments of European and Indian infantry from Kampti (Kamptee). Nagpur is the headquarters of two corps of rifle volunteers. It is the junction of two important railway systems, the Great Indian Peninsula to Bombay and the Bengal-Nagpur to Calcutta. The large weaving population maintain their reputation for producing fine fabrics. There are steam cotton mills and machinery for ginning and pressing cotton. The gaol contains an important printing establishment. Education is provided by two aided colleges, the Hislop and the Morris, called after a missionary and a former chief commissioner; four high schools; a law school; an agricultural school, with a class for the scientific training of teachers; a normal school; a zenana mission for the management of girls schools; an Anglican and two Catholic schools for Europeans. There are several libraries and reading rooms.

Public Domain This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)

See also

References

Web References

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  36. ^ "MIDC page on Butibori Industrial Area". Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation (MIDC). Retrieved 2006-06. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  37. ^ "Maharashtra's First Food-Park in Butibori Nagpur". Advantagenagpur.com (hosted by the Maharashtra Government and co-sponsors). Retrieved 2006-07-04.
  38. ^ "Corporate Overview of Neco". Neco Group of Industries. Retrieved 2006-06-26.
  39. ^ "Candico plant in Nagpur". Candico Ltd. Retrieved 2006-07-04.
  40. ^ "Sanvijay Group website homepage". Sanvijay Group Ltd. Retrieved 2006-06-28.
  41. ^ "Information about Vicco Laboratories". Maharashtra Industries Directory. Retrieved 2006-06-28.
  42. ^ "Welcome to Orange City" (PDF). National Informatics Centre, Nagpur. Retrieved 2006-06-26.
  43. ^ ""Nagpur: Emerging destination for India IT Inc"". The Indian Express. Retrieved 2006-06. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  44. ^ ."IT majors heading for Nagpur SEZ". Rediff.com. Retrieved 2006-06. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  45. ^ ""For some, small is beautiful"". Bussinessworld Magazine. Retrieved 2006-08-12.
  46. ^ "History of Nagpur university". Nagpur University. Retrieved 2006-06. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  47. ^ "Nagpur University". Rajiv Gandhi College of Engineering, Research, and Technology website. Retrieved 2006-08-12.
  48. ^ ""Nagpur admn to send 17 medical teams to flood-hit areas"". Rediff.com. Retrieved 2006-06-28.
  49. ^ "Introduction: National Fire Service College, Nagpur". National Fire Service College, Nagpur. Retrieved 2006-06-28.
  50. ^ "About IMT". Indian Institute of Management Technology. Retrieved 2006-06-28.
  51. ^ ""Realty blooms in the city of oranges"". Rediff.com. Retrieved 2006-07-16.
  52. ^ "Good Morning, Nagpur". The Times of India. Retrieved 2006-11-18.
  53. ^ ""Nagpur stakes claim to lead boomtown pack"". The Indian Express. Retrieved 2006-06-22.
  54. ^ ""Nagpur: South Asia's emergent hub"". The India Brand Equity Foundation. Retrieved 2006-07-04.
  55. ^ ""Nagpur Airport being renamed"". The Hindu. Retrieved 2006-06-28.
  56. ^ ""Nagpur set to become international airport — Air Arabia to start operations from Oct 16"". The Hindu. Retrieved 2006-06-28.
  57. ^ ""Nagpur to be India's first cargo hub"". The Times of India. Retrieved 2006-06. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  58. ^ "Understanding Underdevelopment in Vidarbha" (PDF). IWMI-Tata WATER POLICY PROGRAM. Retrieved 2006-06-22.
  59. ^ ""Boeing to site $185 mln Indian facility in Nagpur"". Reuters. Retrieved 2006-09-09.


References in Print

  1. ^ Nagpur sizzles at 47.6 deg C, TNN, Times of India (Bombay), pg 1, 2005-05-23

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