Jump to content

Dareshuri

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Shellypls (talk | contribs) at 23:40, 18 December 2023. The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Dareshuri
Possible Dareshuri, bay, ridden by a Qashqai hunter
Conservation statusEndangered
Country of originFars, Iran
UseSaddle horse
Traits
Height
  • From 1.50 m to 1.55 m
ColorGenerally bay, chestnut or gray

The Dareshuri (Persian: دارشوری) is a horse breed native to the Fars province in southern Iran. It is bred there by the Dareshuri tribe who crossbreed it with the Persian Arabian. Belonging to the Persian plateau horse group, it is a large horse compared to neighboring Arabian types. In the absence of pedigree evidence for many of the breed's representatives, the Dareshuri is not recognized as an Arabian thoroughbred[clarify], as its morphology is slightly different. With fewer than 400 representatives recorded in 2003, it is now a rare breed, threatened with extinction.

Denomination

This breed is known by many different names. The DAD-IS database references the breed under the English name "Dareshuri", and also cites the variant "Dareh shuri",[1] which corresponds to the name in Persian[2] (دارشوری). CAB International adds the variant "Shirazi".[3] The horse encyclopedia edited by Elizabeth Peplow (1998) lists "Darashomi".[4] The Delachaux guide also mentions "darashomi", "slurazi" and "chiraz" as possible names.[2] The referenced French name is "Darashouri", both in the French translation of Koně by Marie-Jo Dubourg-Savage[5] and in the Delachaux guide (2014),[2] which does not list Koně in its bibliography.[6]

History

According to Czech author Helena Kholová, the Dareshuri is descended from small horses bred 2,500 years ago in ancient Persia.[5] Subsequent crossbreeding took place with the Arabian, the breed having been influenced in particular by the Persian Arabian.[2][5] Although its origins are obscure,[7] the Dareshuri is undeniably an oriental horse.[4]

According to Tehran-based Mary Gharagglon, the Dareshuri is bred by the Iranian Qashqai ethnic group.[8] British author Matthew Horace Hayes provided a photo and description in 1904, under the names "Shirazi" and "Gulf Arabian".[9]

The breed came to prominence under the impetus of Dareshuri tribal chiefs Ziad Khan and Hossein Khan, and later Ayaz Khan, in the late 1970s, as part of the categorization and study of Persian Arabian horses.[8][10] Members of the Dareshuri tribe insist on their Mongolian ancestry, and claim to have traveled between Iran and Syria in the time of Genghis Khan, before returning to Iran with the best Syrian Arabian horses they could find there.[8] However, this claim is not supported by written pedigree documents, and therefore cannot be proven.[8]

This inability to prove the ʼaṣīl (pure) ancestry of the Dareshuri horses, together with the deaths of the chiefs Ziad Khan and Hossein Khan, has led to a loss of interest in the breed, which may ultimately lead to its extinction.[8]

Description

According to CAB International,[3] the Dareshuri belongs to the Persian plateau horse group.[11]

The average height is 1.50 to 1.55 m, making it one of the largest Persian horses.[5][7][6][2]

The morphology is said to be dis-harmonious. The head has a rectilinear profile, concave (typical Arabian), with an eye that can be small, and a cheek bone that is narrower than in the Arabian asil. The body is slender and light, the rib cage shallow, the tail set low. The limbs are slender, ending in hard hooves. The fine skin is covered with fine, silky hair. Mane and tail are sparse, but with fine manes.[2][5][8]

The coat can be bay, seal brown, chestnut or gray, very rarely black.[2][5][3][6][7] Markings are common.[2]

The Dareshuri is known for its docility and ease of training, proving fast and lively. Gaits are renowned for their quality. The Dareshuri's original mountain landscape is particularly rugged, which has given the breed stamina and endurance.[2][4][5][7]

Usage

DAD-IS indicates its main use as a transport horse;[1][3] according to Kholová, it is mainly used as a saddle horse.[5] However, a Turkish veterinary document indicates a use as a driving horse.[12]

Mountain biotope in the province of Fars.

Range

The Darashouri is listed among the horse breeds of Iran,[7][13] with DAD-IS classifying it as a local Iranian breed.[1] The Dareshuri is in fact an indigenous Iranian breed, specific to the province of Fars, north of Shiraz[5] and therefore in southern Iran.[2] It is not found outside the borders of its native country.[7]

The study conducted by Uppsala University, published in August 2010 for the FAO, identifies the Dareshuri as a local Asian horse breed threatened with extinction.[14] DAD-IS figures for 2003, updated in 2006, put the number at between 300 and 400 head.[1] The book Equine Science (4th edition, 2012) classifies it as a little-known saddle horse breed at international level.[15]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d "THE DARESHURI HORSE. Dareshuri Horse Origins & Future". dareshurihorse.com.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Rousseau (2014, p. 301)
  3. ^ a b c d Porter et al. (2016, p. 495)
  4. ^ a b c Peplow (1998, p. 74)
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i Kholová (1997, p. 105)
  6. ^ a b c Rousseau (2014, p. 534-536)
  7. ^ a b c d e f Ravazzi & Siméon (2010, p. 223)
  8. ^ a b c d e f Hendricks, Bonnie Lou (2007). International Encyclopedia of Horse Breeds (2nd ed.). University of Oklahoma Press. p. 486. ISBN 0-8061-3884-X. OCLC 154690199.
  9. ^ Horace Hayes, Matthew. Points of the Horse: A Treatise on the Conformation, Movements, Breeds and Evolution of the Horse (3nd ed.). Hurst and Blackett. pp. 608–609.
  10. ^ Khanam, R. (2005). Encyclopaedic Ethnography of Middle-East and Central Asia. Global Vision Publishing House. p. 297. ISBN 8182200644.
  11. ^ Porter, Valerie (2002). Mason's World Dictionary of Livestock Breeds, Types and Varieties. CABI. p. 176. ISBN 085199430X.
  12. ^ Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknik Aras̨tırma Kurumu (2009). Doğa. Türk veterinerlik ve hayvancılık dergisi (in Turkish). Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey. p. 526.
  13. ^ Considine, Douglas; Considine, Glenn (2013). Van Nostrand’s Scientific Encyclopedia. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 1475769180.
  14. ^ Khadka, Rupak (2010). "Global Horse Population with respect to Breeds and Risk Status" (PDF). Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics.
  15. ^ Parker, Rick (2012). Equine Science (4th ed.). Cengage Learning. p. 608. ISBN 1-111-13877-X.

Bibliography

  • Kholová, Helena (1997). Chevaux (in French). Paris: Éditions Gründ.
  • Peplow, Elizabeth (1998). Encyclopedia of the horse. Octopus Publishing Group, Ltd.
  • Porter, Valerie; Alderson, Lawrence; Hall, Stephen; Sponenberg, Dan (2016). Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding (6th ed.). CAB International. ISBN 1-84593-466-0.
  • Ravazzi, Gianni; Siméon, Victor (2010). L'Encyclopédie mondiale des chevaux de race : Plus de 150 races de chevaux de selle et poneys (in French). Éditions De Vecchi. ISBN 978-2-7328-9546-8.
  • Rousseau, Élise (2014). Tous les chevaux du monde (in French). Delachaux et Niestlé. ISBN 2-603-01865-5.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dareshuri&oldid=1190623717"