Langley Castle
| Langley Castle | |
|---|---|
| Langley, Northumberland in England | |
 Langley Castle, 2005 | |
  Langley Castle | |
| Coordinates | 54°57′22″N 2°15′32″W / 54.956°N 2.259°W |
| Grid reference | NY835624 |
| Type | Tower house |
| Designations | Grade I listed building |
Langley Castle is a restored medieval tower house,[1] now operated as a hotel, situated in the village of Langley in the valley of the River South Tyne some 3 miles (5 km) south of Haydon Bridge, Northumberland, England. It is a Grade I listed building.[2]
History
The Twelfth Century is when any record of Langley was first found, 200 years before the construction of Langley Castle.[3] It was owned by Adam De Tindal in 1165 until he died in 1191 and his son, Adam, inherited the land. When Adam De Tindal died his daughter, Philippa then became the heir of the property and in 1235 there is documentation that Philippa’s spouse, Nicholas de Boltby was the owner of the property. When Nicholas de Boltby died Langley was inherited by his daughter and her husband Isobella and Thomas de Moulton.[3] Thomas ended up changing his last name to his mothers maiden name so we went by Thomas de Lucy. Following Isobella and Thomas de Lucy’s death their eldest son Thomas de Lucy became the owner of the Langley in 1305. He died three years later and the property was passed to his younger brother Anthony de Lucy. Anthony put the property to use by holding annual fairs and markets for the locals until he passed away. Langley was then handed to his son Thomas de Lucy in 1343. The De Lucy family home was a Manor House on the Langley land until David Bruce ended up destroying the Manor House in 1346.[3]
Four years after the destruction of the Manor House the construction of the Langley Castle started and was finished in 1364.[3] Thomas de Lucy died a year later and his daughter, Maud inherited the property with her second husband the Earl of Northumberland, Henry Percy. In 1398 After their deaths, Maud died and Henry Percy along with his son Hotspur took over the Langley Castle. In 1405 after the Percy’s didn’t pay their taxes to King Henry IV, he took Langley and gave it to Sir Robert Umfraville. Although right before Umfraville was to take possession, the Langley Castle was attacked and severely damaged in 1405 by the forces of Henry IV in the campaign against the Percys and Archbishop Scrope. The Langley Castle lay destroyed for many years and in 1551 the crown gave full ownership to Thomas Percy the sixth Earl of Northumberland. In 1568 Thomas Percy joined the Rising of the North Rebellion and got caught and killed so Langley went into the hands of the crown. In 1625 Langley was bought by John Murray the first Earl of Annandale, from the crown. Six year later in 1631 Langley was purchased from Murray by Sir Edward Radcliffe. In 1653 Sir Edward Radcliffe got all his property impounded for siding with the King and George Hurd from London ended up purchasing Langley. Edward’s son Sir Francis Radcliffe swiftly found the funds to buy Langley and the rest of his fathers property back. Once Sir Francis Radcliffe was raised to Earl of Derwentwater, Viscount Langley, and Baron Tynedale he didn’t care that much about the Langley estate. Sir Francis Radcliffe died in 1696 and Langley was inherited by his son Edward who married Lady Mary Tudor the daughter of King Charles II. Langley was then inherited by their son James, becoming the new Earl of Derwentwater and Viscount Langley.[3] In 1714 James was a part of the Jacobite Rebellion which led to his capture and then execution in the Tower of London. With the death of James the Langley estate was yet again given back to the crown. As a gift Langley was given by the crown to the Governors of the Royal Hospital in 1749. In 1833 the governors appointed John Grey as the main person to oversee Langley.[4] With Grey's expert experience he increased the Langley estates annual income by £15,000. Langley was bought and restored by a local historian, Cadwallader Bates, in 1882. Bates unexpectedly died in 1902 before the Castle was finished being restored. Bate's wife Josephine continued the restoration and Langley castle was finally finished in 1914.[3] After she died in 1932 the building remained empty until it was used as a barracks in the Second World War, following which it was used as a girls' school. In the 1980s, it was bought by the Robb family. In 1986, it was bought by Dr Stuart Madnick, a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, who converted it into a hotel.
Architecture
Langley Castle is set in a woodland estate of 10 acres (40,000 m2). It was built in the middle of the 14th century by Sir Thomas de Lucy as a great H plan H-shaped tower of four storeys.[2] It was originally built in 1350 but after the destructive fire of 1405 it lay in ruins for 500 years until Cadwallader Bates and his wife Josephine restored it in 1914. The building is a quadrangular castle fully solid with no courtyard. It has a main central hall and its a exceptional example of an upper floor hall house design. Each corner of the castle has a major tower that is one story above the main building. There is also an extra tower that is flush with the level of the roof. This small pele-like structure has the original entrance to the castle connecting to the spiral staircase that leads to each floor. The Langley castle also has gigantic boulders that the walls are built on that serve as the foundation making it very difficult for attempted break in. Other additions added by Cadwallader Bates included increasing the size of the windows and putting a door on the south side of the castle. Another unique feature is the portcullis slot and roof boss near the main entrance on the wall of the east side of the castle. There are also dual molded doorways between the first floor hallway and the entrance to the lobby. The chapel is now dedicated to Cadwallader Bates Memorial Room. One of the more remarkable features of the building is the south-west tower, which is occupied by 12 garderobes, four to each floor. This was very uncommon to see in houses and castles at the time. Each stall had its own pointed archway. These Garderobes are one of the most exceptional remaining within this type of architecture in all of Europe.[2] Although lots of restoration went on in the 20th century lots of the original medieval designs and architecture remain throughout the castle.
See also
Further reading
- Fry, Plantagenet Somerset (1980). The David & Charles Book of Castles. David & Charles. p. 251. ISBN 0-7153-7976-3.
- Hodgson, John (1840). A History of Northumberland. Vol. Pt2 Vol 3. pp. 367–8.
References
- ^ "National Monument Record for Langley Castle".
- ^ a b c "Langley Castle, Langley on Tyne, Northumberland: archaeological watching brief". archaeologydataservice.ac.uk. Retrieved 19 October 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f Langley on Tyne, Hexham, Northumberland, Langley Castle Hotel. "The History of Langley Castle" (PDF).
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "The Barony and Castle of Langley". archaeologydataservice.ac.uk. Retrieved 19 October 2024.
External links
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