Cook Partisan Voting Index
The Cook Partisan Voting Index (CPVI), sometimes referred to as simply the Partisan Voting Index (PVI), is a measure of how strongly an American congressional district leans toward one political party compared to the nation as a whole. It was originally developed in 1997 by Charlie Cook of the Cook Political Report, a nonpartisan political newsletter, working with Polidata, a political statistics analysis firm.
The index for each congressional district is derived by averaging the presidential election results in that district from the prior two elections, then comparing them to how the nation voted as a whole. The index indicates the more successful political party and how many percentage points higher than the national average for that party. It is published as a Letter + Number combination.
Examples
A CPVI score of R+2 shows the Republicans received an average of 2 percentage points more votes than the national average. Likewise, a CPVI score of D+3 shows the Democrats received an average of 3 percentage points more votes than the national average.
List of PVIs by Congressional District[1]
Alabama
1st--R+12
2nd--R+13
3rd--R+4
4th--R+16
5th--R+6
6th--R+25
7th--D+17
Alaska
At Large--R+14
Arizona
1st--R+2
2nd--R+9
3rd--R+6
4th--D+14
5th--R+4
6th--R+12
7th--D+10
8th--R+1
Arkansas
1st--D+1
2nd--R+0
3rd--R+11
4th--D+0
California
1st--In 2000 Gore received 56% of the vote, 8% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 60% of the vote[2], 12% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-01 a Cook PVI of D +10.
2nd--In 2000 Bush received 63% of the vote, 15% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 62% of the vote, 11% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Bush's 2000 and 2004 percentages in the district and his percentages in the country overall give CA-02 a Cook PVI of R +13.
3rd--In 2000 Bush received 55% of the vote, 7% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 58% of the vote, 7% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Bush's 2000 and 2004 percentages in the district and his percentages in the country overall give CA-03 a Cook PVI of R +7.
4th--In 2000 Bush received 60% of the vote, 12% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 61% of the vote, 10% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Bush's 2000 and 2004 percentages in the district and his percentages in the country overall give CA-04 a Cook PVI of R +11.
5th--In 2000 Gore received 63% of the vote, 15% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 61% of the vote, 13% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-05 a Cook PVI of D +14.
6th--In 2000 Gore received 68% of the vote, 20% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 70% of the vote, 22% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-06 a Cook PVI of D +21.
7th--In 2000 Gore received 67% of the vote, 19% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 67% of the vote, 19% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-07 a Cook PVI of D +19.
8th--In 2000 Gore received 84% of the vote, 36% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 84% of the vote, 36% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-08 a Cook PVI of D +36.
9th--In 2000 Gore received 86% of the vote, 38% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 86% of the vote, 38% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-09 a Cook PVI of D +38.
10th--In 2000 Gore received 55% of the vote, 7% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 59% of the vote, 11% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-10 a Cook PVI of D +9.
11th--In 2000 Bush received 51% of the vote, 3% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 54% of the vote, 3% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Bush's 2000 and 2004 percentages in the district and his percentages in the country overall give CA-11 a Cook PVI of R +3.
12th--In 2000 Gore received 68% of the vote, 20% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 72% of the vote, 24% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-12 a Cook PVI of D +22.
13th--In 2000 Gore received 69% of the vote, 21% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 71% of the vote, 23% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-13 a Cook PVI of D +22.
14th--In 2000 Gore received 64% of the vote, 16% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 68% of the vote, 20% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-14 a Cook PVI of D +18.
15th--In 2000 Gore received 61% of the vote, 13% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 63% of the vote, 15% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-15 a Cook PVI of D +14.
16th--In 2000 Gore received 65% of the vote, 17% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 63% of the vote, 15% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-16 a Cook PVI of D +16.
17th--In 2000 Gore received 64% of the vote, 16% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 66% of the vote, 18% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-17 a Cook PVI of D +17.
18th--In 2000 Gore received 53% of the vote, 5% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 50% of the vote, 1% lower than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Bush's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-18 a Cook PVI of D +3.
19th--In 2000 Bush received 58% of the vote, 10% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 61% of the vote, 10% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Bush's 2000 and 2004 percentages in the district and his percentages in the country overall give CA-19 a Cook PVI of R +10.
20th--In 2000 Gore received 55% of the vote, 7% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 51% of the vote, 3% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-20 a Cook PVI of D +5.
21st--In 2000 Bush received 60% of the vote, 12% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 65% of the vote, 14% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Bush's 2000 and 2004 percentages in the district and his percentages in the country overall give CA-21 a Cook PVI of R +13.
22nd--In 2000 Bush received 63% of the vote, 15% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 68% of the vote, 17% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Bush's 2000 and 2004 percentages in the district and his percentages in the country overall give CA-22 a Cook PVI of R +16.
23rd--In 2000 Gore received 56% of the vote, 8% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 58% of the vote, 10% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-23 a Cook PVI of D +9.
24th--In 2000 Bush received 53% of the vote, 5% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 56% of the vote, 5% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Bush's 2000 and 2004 percentages in the district and his percentages in the country overall give CA-24 a Cook PVI of R +5.
25th--In 2000 Bush received 54% of the vote, 6% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 59% of the vote, 8% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Bush's 2000 and 2004 percentages in the district and his percentages in the country overall give CA-25 a Cook PVI of R +7.
26th--In 2000 Bush received 52% of the vote, 4% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 55% of the vote, 4% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Bush's 2000 and 2004 percentages in the district and his percentages in the country overall give CA-26 a Cook PVI of R +4.
27th--In 2000 Gore received 63% of the vote, 15% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 59% of the vote, 11% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-27 a Cook PVI of D +13.
28th--In 2000 Gore received 75% of the vote, 27% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 71% of the vote, 23% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-28 a Cook PVI of D +25.
29th--In 2000 Gore received 59% of the vote, 11% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 61% of the vote, 13% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-29 a Cook PVI of D +12.
30th--In 2000 Gore received 70% of the vote, 22% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 66% of the vote, 18% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-30 a Cook PVI of D +20.
31st--In 2000 Gore received 79% of the vote, 31% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 77% of the vote, 29% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-31 a Cook PVI of D +30.
32nd--In 2000 Gore received 68% of the vote, 20% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 62% of the vote, 14% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-32 a Cook PVI of D +17.
33rd--In 2000 Gore received 85% of the vote, 37% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 83% of the vote, 35% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-33 a Cook PVI of D +36.
34th--In 2000 Gore received 73% of the vote, 25% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 69% of the vote, 21% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-34 a Cook PVI of D +23.
35th--In 2000 Gore received 83% of the vote, 35% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 79% of the vote, 31% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-35 a Cook PVI of D +33.
36th--In 2000 Gore received 59% of the vote, 11% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 59% of the vote, 11% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-36 a Cook PVI of D +11.
37th--In 2000 Gore received 76% of the vote, 28% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 74% of the vote, 26% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-37 a Cook PVI of D +27.
38th--In 2000 Gore received 71% of the vote, 23% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 65% of the vote, 17% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-38 a Cook PVI of D +20.
39th--In 2000 Gore received 63% of the vote, 15% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 59% of the vote, 11% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-39 a Cook PVI of D +13.
40th--In 2000 Bush received 55% of the vote, 7% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 60% of the vote, 9% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Bush's 2000 and 2004 percentages in the district and his percentages in the country overall give CA-40 a Cook PVI of R +8.
41st--In 2000 Bush received 55% of the vote, 7% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 62% of the vote, 11% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Bush's 2000 and 2004 percentages in the district and his percentages in the country overall give CA-41 a Cook PVI of R +9.
42nd--In 2000 Bush received 57% of the vote, 9% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 62% of the vote, 11% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Bush's 2000 and 2004 percentages in the district and his percentages in the country overall give CA-42 a Cook PVI of R +10.
43rd--In 2000 Gore received 64% of the vote, 16% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 58% of the vote, 10% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-43 a Cook PVI of D +13.
44th--In 2000 Bush received 52% of the vote, 4% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 59% of the vote, 8% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Bush's 2000 and 2004 percentages in the district and his percentages in the country overall give CA-44 a Cook PVI of R +6.
45th--In 2000 Bush received 49% of the vote, 1% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 56% of the vote, 5% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Bush's 2000 and 2004 percentages in the district and his percentages in the country overall give CA-45 a Cook PVI of R +3.
46th--In 2000 Bush received 54% of the vote, 6% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 57% of the vote, 6% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Bush's 2000 and 2004 percentages in the district and his percentages in the country overall give CA-46 a Cook PVI of R +6.
47th--In 2000 Gore received 57% of the vote, 9% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 50% of the vote, 1% lower than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Bush's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-47 a Cook PVI of D +5.
48th--In 2000 Bush received 57% of the vote, 9% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 58% of the vote, 7% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Bush's 2000 and 2004 percentages in the district and his percentages in the country overall give CA-48 a Cook PVI of R +8.
49th--In 2000 Bush received 56% of the vote, 8% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 63% of the vote, 12% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Bush's 2000 and 2004 percentages in the district and his percentages in the country overall give CA-49 a Cook PVI of R +10.
50th--In 2000 Bush received 54% of the vote, 6% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 55% of the vote, 4% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Bush's 2000 and 2004 percentages in the district and his percentages in the country overall give CA-50 a Cook PVI of R +5.
51st--In 2000 Gore received 57% of the vote, 9% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 53% of the vote, 5% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-51 a Cook PVI of D +7.
52nd--In 2000 Bush received 56% of the vote, 8% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Bush received 61% of the vote, 10% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Bush's 2000 and 2004 percentages in the district and his percentages in the country overall give CA-52 a Cook PVI of R +9.
53rd--In 2000 Gore received 59% of the vote, 11% higher than what he received nationwide. In 2004 Kerry received 61% of the vote, 13% higher than what he received nationwide. The average of the differences between Gore's and Kerry's percentages in the district and their percentages in the country overall give CA-53 a Cook PVI of D +12.
Colorado
1st--D+18
2nd--D+8
3rd--R+6
4th--R+9
5th--R+16
6th--R+10
7th--D+2
Connecticut
1st--D+14
2nd--D+8
3rd--D+12
4th--D+5
5th--D+4
Delaware
At Large--D+7
District of Columbia
At Large--D+39
Florida
1st--R+19
2nd--R+2
3rd--D+16
4th--R+16
5th--R+5
6th--R+8
7th--R+3
8th--R+3
9th--R+4
10th--D+1
11th--D+11
12th--R+5
13th--R+4
14th--R+10
15th--R+4
16th--R+2
17th--D+35
18th--R+4
19th--D+21
20th--D+18
21st--R+6
22nd--D+4
23rd--D+29
24th--R+3
25th--R+4
Georgia
1st--R+14
2nd--D+2
3rd--R+19
4th--D+22
5th--D+25
6th--R+19
7th--R+19
8th--R+8
9th--R+24
10th--R+14
11th--R+18
12th--D+2
13th--D+10
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
1st--D+35
2nd--D+35
3rd--D+10
4th--D+31
5th--D+18
6th--R+3
7th--D+35
8th--R+5
9th--D+20
10th--D+4
11th--R+1
12th--D+5
13th--R+5
14th--R+5
15th--R+6
16th--R+4
17th--D+5
18th--R+5
19th--R+8
Indiana
1st--D+8
2nd--R+4
3rd--R+16
4th--R+17
5th--R+20
6th--R+11
7th--D+9
8th--R+9
9th--R+7
Iowa
1st--D+5
2nd--D+7
3rd--D+1
4th--D+0
5th--R+8
Kansas
1st--R+20
2nd--R+7
3rd--R+4
4th--R+12
Kentucky
1st--R+10
2nd--R+13
3rd--D+2
4th--R+12
5th--R+8
6th--R+7
Louisiana
1st--R+18
2nd--D+28
3rd--R+5
4th--R+7
5th--R+10
6th--R+7
7th--R+7
Maine
Maryland
1st--R+10
2nd--D+8
3rd--D+7
4th--D+30
5th--D+9
6th--R+13
7th--D+25
8th--D+20
Massachusetts
1st--D+15
2nd--D+11
3rd--D+11
4th--D+17
5th--D+9
6th--D+10
7th--D+18
8th--D+31
9th--D+15
10th--D+8
Michigan
1st--R+2
2nd--R+9
3rd--R+9
4th--R+3
5th--D+12
6th--R+2
7th--R+2
8th--R+2
9th--R+0
10th--R+4
11th--R+1
12th--D+13
13th--D+32
14th--D+33
15th--D+13
Minnesota
1st--R+1
2nd--R+3
3rd--R+1
4th--D+13
5th--D+21
6th--R+5
7th--R+6
8th--D+4
Mississippi
1st--R+10
2nd--D+10
3rd--R+13
4th--R+16
Missouri
1st--D+26
2nd--R+9
3rd--D+8
4th--R+11
5th--D+12
6th--R+5
7th--R+14
8th--R+11
9th--R+7
Montana
At Large--R+11
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
1st--D+14
2nd--D+4
3rd--D+3
4th--R+1
5th--R+4
6th--D+12
7th--R+1
8th--D+12
9th--D+13
10th--D+34
11th--R+6
12th--D+8
13th--D+23
New Mexico
New York
Some New York districts directly affected by 9-11 were more likely to vote for Bush in 2004 than in 2000. Most of the City districts in Staten Island, the outer boroughs, and Long Island, specifically NY-03 and NY-13, showed marked increases for the incumbent President in the 2004 election; the 2008 election should show whether it was a temporary or permanent shift to the Republicans. Similar results were shown in parts of New Jersey and Connecticut.
1st--D+3
2nd--D+7
3rd--D+2
4th--D+9
5th--D+18
6th--D+38
7th--D+28
8th--D+28
9th--D+14
10th--D+41
11th--D+40
12th--D+34
13th--D+1
14th--D+26
15th--D+43
16th--D+43
17th--D+21
18th--D+10
19th--R+1
20th--R+3
21st--D+9
22nd--D+6
23rd--R+0
24th--R+1
25th--D+3
26th--R+3
27th--D+7
28th--D+15
29th--R+5
North Carolina
1st--D+9
2nd--R+3
3rd--R+15
4th--D+6
5th--R+15
6th--R+17
7th--R+3
8th--R+3
9th--R+12
10th--R+15
11th--R+7
12th--D+11
13th--D+2
North Dakota
At Large--R+13
Ohio
1st--R+1
2nd--R+13
3rd--R+3
4th--R+14
5th--R+10
6th--D+0
7th--R+6
8th--R+12
9th--D+9
10th--D+6
11th--D+33
12th--R+1
13th--D+6
14th--R+2
15th--R+1
16th--R+4
17th--D+14
18th--R+6
Oklahoma
1st--R+13
2nd--R+5
3rd--R+18
4th--R+13
5th--R+12
Oregon
1st--D+6
2nd--R+11
3rd--D+18
4th--D+0
5th--D+1
Pennsylvania
1st--D+36
2nd--D+39
3rd--R+2
4th--R+3
5th--R+10
6th--D+2
7th--D+4
8th--D+3
9th--R+15
10th--R+8
11th--D+5
12th--D+5
13th--D+8
14th--D+22
15th--D+2
16th--R+11
17th--R+7
18th--R+2
19th--R+12
Rhode Island
1st--D+16
2nd--D+13
South Carolina
1st--R+10
2nd--R+9
3rd--R+14
4th--R+15
5th--R+6
6th--D+11
South Dakota
At Large--R+10
Tennessee
1st--R+14
2nd--R+11
3rd--R+8
4th--R+3
5th--D+6
6th--R+4
7th--R+12
8th--D+0
9th--D+18
Texas
1st--R+17
2nd--R+12
3rd--R+17
4th--R+17
5th--R+16
6th--R+15
7th--R+16
8th--R+20
9th--D+21
10th--R+13
11th--R+25
12th--R+14
13th--R+18
14th--R+14
15th--D+3
16th--D+9
17th--R+18
18th--D+23
19th--R+25
20th--D+8
21st--R+13
22nd--R+15
23rd--R+4
24th--R+15
25th--D+1
26th--R+12
27th--R+1
28th--R+1
29th--D+8
30th--D+26
31st--R+15
32nd--R+11
Utah
1st--R+26
2nd--R+17
3rd--R+22
Vermont
At Large--D+8
Virginia
1st--R+9
2nd--R+6
3rd--D+18
4th--R+5
5th--R+6
6th--R+11
7th--R+11
8th--D+14
9th--R+7
10th--R+5
11th--R+1
Washington
1st--D+7
2nd--D+3
3rd--D+0
4th--R+13
5th--R+7
6th--D+6
7th--D+30
8th--D+2
9th--D+6
West Virginia
1st--R+6
2nd--R+5
3rd--D+0
Wisconsin
1st--R+2
2nd--D+13
3rd--D+3
4th--D+20
5th--R+12
6th--R+5
7th--D+2
8th--D+0
Wyoming
At Large--R+19