List of orogenies

The following is a list of orogenies organised by continent/country, starting with the oldest at the top.

North American orogenies

Wopmay orogeny
- Along western edge of Canadian shield, 2100–1900 Ma.
Hudsonian orogeny or Trans-Hudson orogeny
- Extends from Hudson Bay west into Saskatchewan then south through the western Dakotas and Nebraska. Result of the collision of the Superior craton with the Hearne craton and the Wyoming craton during the Proterozoic.
- Lasted from 2000–1800 Ma.
Penokean orogeny
- Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Michigan, U. S. A. and southern Ontario, Canada, 1850-1840 Ma.
Big Sky orogeny
- Proterozoic collision between the Hearne craton and the Wyoming craton in southwest Montana, 1770 Ma.
Ivanpah orogeny
- Mojave province, south western USA
Yavapai orogeny
- mid to south western USA, 1800-1700 Ma.
Mazatzal orogeny
- mid to south western USA, circa 1600 Ma.
Grenville orogeny
- Worldwide during the late Proterozoic, 1300–1000 Ma. Associated with the assembly of the supercontinent Rodinia. Formed folded mountains in Eastern North America from Newfoundland to North Carolina, 1100–1000 Ma.

Caledonian orogeny
- the East Greenland Orogen, formed from Cryogenian to Devonian
- the Taconic phase in the NE U.S. and Canada during the Ordovician Period.
- the Acadian phase in the Eastern U.S. during Silurian and Devonian Periods.
Appalachian orogeny, usually seen as the same as the Variscan orogeny in Europe.
- Appalachian Mountains is a well studied orogenic belt resulting from a late Paleozoic collision between North America and Africa.
- Taconic orogeny
- Acadian orogeny
- Alleghenian orogeny
Ouachita orogeny
- Ouachita Mountains of Arkansas and Oklahoma is an orogenic belt that dates from the late Paleozoic Era and is most likely a continuation of the Appalachian orogeny west across the Mississippi embayment - Reelfoot Rift zone.
Antler orogeny
- Ancestral Sierra Nevada western United States.
- Late Devonian - early Mississippian.
Innuitian orogeny or Ellesmerian orogeny
- Innuitian Mountains, Canadian Arctic, extending from Ellesmere Island to Melville Island, Mississippian 345 Ma.
Sonoma orogeny
- Rocky Mountains, western North America, 270–240 Ma.
Nevadan orogeny
- Developed along western North America during the Jurassic Period.
Sevier orogeny
- Rocky Mountains, western North America, 140–50 Ma.
Laramide orogeny
- Rocky Mountains, western North America, 40–70 Ma.

The Svecofennian orogeny
- Formation of the Baltic Shield, which includes southern Norway, nearly whole Sweden, Finland and small part of Russia near the Finnish border.
The Timanide orogeny affecting the northern Baltic Shield during the Neoproterozoic Era.
The Cadomian orogeny on the north coast of Armorica in the Ediacaran.
The Caledonian orogeny
- Formation of the highlands of western Norway, Britain and Ireland in the Ordovician Grampian phase and the Silurian Scandian phase.^[1]
Uralian orogeny
- Formation of the Ural Mountains, Eurasia, during the Permian Period.
The Variscan orogeny (also called the Hercynian orogeny)
- Formation of the mountains of western Iberia, SW Ireland, SW England, central France, southern Germany and Czech Republic during the Devonian and Carboniferous Periods.
The Alpine orogeny, encompassing:
- the Formation of the Alps during the Eocene through Miocene Periods.
- the Carpathian orogeny building the Carpathian Mountains of eastern Europe during the Jurassic-Cretaceous to Miocene Period.
- the Hellenic orogeny in Greece and the Aegean area during Eocene through Miocene Periods.
Ongoing (happening now):
- the Mediterranean Ridge.

The Aravalli-Delhi Orogen (precambrian)
The Altaid Orogeny (Paleozoic)
The Cimmerian and Cathayasian orogenies
- Active through Triassic and Jurassic Periods along south and southeast Asia.
Alpine orogeny, encompassing:
- The Himalayan orogeny, forming the Himalaya Mountains, as a result of the ongoing collision of the Indian Plate with the Eurasian Plate.

Sleaford Orogeny (2440–2420 Ma), Gawler Craton, South Australia
Glenburgh Orogeny (c. 2005–1920 Ma), Glenburgh Terrane, Western Australia.
Kimban Orogeny (c. 1845–1700 Ma), Gawler Craton, South Australia
Yapungku Orogeny (c. 1765 Ma), North Yilgarn craton margin, Western Australia
Mangaroon Orogeny (c.1680–1620 Ma), Gascoyne Complex, Western Australia.
Kararan Orogeny (1650– Ma), Gawler Craton, South Australia
Barramundi Orogeny (c. 1600 Ma), MacArthur Basin, northern Australia
Isan Orogeny, c. 1600 Ma, Mount Isa Block, Queensland
Olarian Orogeny, Olary Block, South Australia
Capricorn Orogeny, Gascoyne Complex, Western Australia
Musgrave Orogeny (c. 1080 Ma), Musgrave Block, Central Australia.
Edmundian Orogeny (c. 920–850 Ma), Gascoyne Complex, Western Australia.
Petermann Orogeny (c. 550–535 Ma late Neoproterozoic to Cambrian), Central Australia
Delamerian Orogeny, South Australia and Victoria, Australia, Ordovician
Lachlan Orogeny, c. 540 and 440 Ma., Victoria and New South Wales
Alice Springs Orogeny in central Australia, Early Carboniferous
Hunter-Bowen Orogeny, (c. 260–225 Ma) Permian to Triassic, Queensland and New South Wales

Orogenies affecting Antarctica include:^[3]

^ Strachan, R.A. (2002). "4: The Northern Highland and Grampian terranes". In Trewin N.H. (ed.). The Geology of Scotland. Geological Society, London. ISBN 9781862391260. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
^ The Geology of Chile Teresa Moreno, Wes Gibbons, Geological Society of London
^ http://home.freeuk.com/gtlloyd/tam/geochron.htm Tectonics of the Transantarctic Mountains: Geochronology