Sarfaraz K. Niazi

Sarfaraz K. Niazi سرفراز خان نیازی सर्फ़राज़ ख़ान नियाज़ी
Sarfaraz K. Niazi
Born	July 10, 1949 Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Nationality	United States,
Alma mater	University of Karachi
Known for	Pharmacokinetics Biopharmaceuticals Biogenerics Ghazals Ghalib Portrait and landscape photography Translation from Urdu and Farsi
Awards	Rho Chi (1971) Sigma Xi (1974) Fellow, UNDP TOKTEN to India (1981) Fellow, Pakistan Academy of Medical Sciences (1984) National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry (1985) Fellow, Institute of Biology (1990) Fellow, Volwiler Society (1994) Nishan-e Sipas from Federal Urdu University (2010) Others
Scientific career
Fields	Pharmaceutical sciences Pharmacokinetics Bioavailability Biopharmaceuticals Recombinant manufacturing
Institutions	University of Illinois at Chicago Central Drug Research Institute of India Aga Khan University Hospital HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry Higher Education Commission of Pakistan University of Houston College of Pharmacy

Sarfaraz K. Niazi (full name: Sarfaraz Khan Niazi; Urdu: سرفراز خان نیازی, Hindi: सर्फ़राज़ ख़ान नियाज़ी) was born in Lucknow, India in 1949; he migrated to Karachi, Pakistan in 1962, and to the United States in 1970. He has published 100+ scholarly papers, owns 40+ patents, delivered 300+ talks on scientific and literary topics, written over 30+ technical and literary books (including a collection of his own poems). His textbooks are required reading worldwide, and he allows their distribution royalty-free in developing countries, which allows companies and governments in developing countries to manufacture safe and effective drugs and vaccines at an affordable cost. He also teaches scientists in developing countries on creating value through intellectual property and, in this capacity, serves as an advisor to the Government of Pakistan. He is widely recognized for his translations of ghazals (love poems) of one of the most widely read poets, Ghalib. He broadcasts explications of Ghalib’s poetry on the Voice of America every Sunday.

Personal life

Sarfaraz K. Niazi was born in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India on July 10, 1949, to Niaz Fatehpuri and Gulzar Begum. Niaz Fatehpuri was a renowned poet, philosopher, author, polemicist, and intellectual, who made a mark in the worlds of religion and literature in Pakistan and India. Sarfaraz migrated to Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan with his father in 1962. Niaz Fatehpuri died in 1966 in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan, when Sarfaraz was 17 years old.

In 1974, he married Anjum Iqbal (now Anjum Niazi), the daughter of Abdul Rahim Khan and Iqbal Bano. Sarfaraz and Anjum are the parents of two sons, Omayr K. Niazi and Ali K. Niazi, and one daughter, Nabiha K. Niazi-Ahmed.

Education

Sarfaraz obtained his bachelor of science degree in chemistry in 1966 from the University of Karachi in Karachi, Pakistan. Then he obtained a Marketing Certificate in 1967 from the Institute of Business Administration when it was a part of the University of Karachi. In 1969, he obtained his bachelor of science degree in pharmacy from the University of Karachi, and then relocated in 1970 to the United States. He obtained his master of science degree in pharmaceutical sciences in 1971 from Washington State University in Pullman, WA, and then moved to Illinois. In 1974, he obtained his doctorate in pharmaceutical sciences from the University of Illinois Medical Center, affiliated with the University of Illinois at Chicago.

Employment

From 1974 to 1988, he taught at the College of Pharmacy at the University of Illinois at Chicago. In 1988, he began working for Abbott Laboratories as its Director of Technical Affairs in Karachi, Pakistan. At the same time, he was Professor of Pharmacology at the Aga Khan University Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. In 1996, he began working for Gulf Pharmaceutical Industries (also known as Julphar) in Ras al-Khaimah of the United Arab Emirates. From 1996 to 1999, he worked in the United Arab Emirates, and from 1999 to 2008, he managed the company's US headquarters in Deerfield, IL. In 1997, he established his own consulting business, known as Pharmaceutical Scientist, Inc., and in 2003 established Therapeutic Proteins, Inc., in Chicago, IL, doing work on such biopharmaceuticals as filgrastim, erythropoietin, interferon, PEGylation, and monoclonal antibodies, to create biogeneric versions of these products.

Since 2004, he has served as an adjunct professor at the University of Houston College of Pharmacy, and since 2007 as an adjunct professor at the HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry at the University of Karachi.

Research interests

• Pharmacokinetic modeling systems: distribution volume as a thermodynamic parameter
• Errors in pharmacokinetic calculations
• Pharmacokinetics and toxicity of fluorocarbon propellants
• Toxicity of dimethylbenzanthracene: pharmacokinetic profile
• Pharmacokinetics of food antioxidants
• Effect of dehydration on drug pharmacokinetics
• Solid solutions to enhance dissolution rates
• Polymorphism and pharmacokinetics
• Perfluorocarbon coating of mucous membranes
• Modeling of first pass drug metabolism
• Pharmacokinetics of furantoin
• Water deprivation and drug pharmacokinetics

Poetry

Work on Ghalib

Mirza Asadullah Baig Khan (1797 to 1869), better known as Ghalib, was “one of the most popular an influential poets of the Urdu language” and “is the best known and the most widely read Indo-Persian poet of his time.” His poetry, consisting of ghazals or love poems, are widely recited, and have been sung by some of South Asia’s most prominent singers. Indeed, his poetry is used in every-day discourse by many South Asians. He wrote his ghazals in Urdu (the lingua franca of the various peoples of the Mughal Empire and the British Raj) and in Farsi (the language of the Mughal Court and of the Muslim learned classes). While many have translated portions of Ghalib’s divan (collection of poetry) into English, in 2002 his entire Urdu divan was translated for the first time by Sarfaraz K. Niazi. One reviewer commented that "what Fitzgerald is to Khayaam, Niazi is to Ghalib," referring to Edward FitzGerald's translation of Omar Khayyam's Rubaiyat.

Own poetry

In addition to studying classic poets like Ghalib, Sarfaraz has written his own poetry, of which there are around 200 ghazals.

One of his early poems, which won the attention of Zulfiqar Ali Bukhari during a mushaira by Radio Pakistan for young poets when Sarfaraz was 13 years old, was:

دلِ بیتاب کسی طرح بہلتا ہی نہیں

شاید اِس دردِ محبت کا مداوا ہی نہیں
The tumultuous heart does not settle down no matter what
Perhaps there is no resolve to this pain of love.

حالِ دل کہنے سے خود داری نے روکا ہمکو
اُس سے پوچها تو بہت ہم نے بتایا ہی نہیں
Self-pride kept from telling the condition of my heart
She did keep asking but we just couldn’t tell.

پوچهتے کیا ہو تم اب حالِ نیازی ہم سے
در پہ اُسکے جو وه بیٹها تو پهر اُٹهّا ہی نہیں
Why are you asking the condition of Niazi from me;
Once he sat down at her doorsill, he just couldn’t get up.

— Sarfaraz K. Niazi, Sarfaraz Niazi's Poetry page

Inventions

Sarfaraz K. Niazi has been involved in inventing and patenting his inventions for decades. A partial list of items he has worked on is:

• Herbal formulations for skin treatment—burn, diaper rash,  breast care, alopecia
• Herbal formulations for ulcer treatment
• Combinations to reduce side effects of orlistat
• Enhance acvitity of sildenafil
• Perfluorocarbons in weight loss
• Chewing gum as drug delivery systems
• Flexible bioreactors
• Perfusion filters
• Mixing systems
• Preparative bioreactors
• Virus-free air generation
• Universal applications of flexible bioreactors
• Daisy-chaining bioreactors

Patents

• 13,194,97X Stationary Bubble Bioreactors
• 13,149,85X Concentrator Filter
• 13,107,50X Interconnected Bioreactors
• 13,098,46X Bioreactor Exhaust
• 13,093,85X Gas Scrubbed Perfusion Filter
• 13,092,95X Separative Bioreactor
• 13,083,58X Protein Harvesting
• 13,021,75X Whisky Simulating Composition
• 12,978,38X Accelerated Aging of Wines and Spirits
• 12,719,83X Single Use Stationary Bioreactor
• 12,618,330 Bioreactors for Fermentation and Related Methods
• 12,485,725 Air Scrubbing System
• 12,423,587 Universal Bioreactors and Methods of Use
• 6,555,118 Pharmaceutical preparation for the treatment of topical wounds and ulcers
• 6,495,174 Herbal composition for the treatment of alopecia
• 6,462,083 Suppository base
• 6,447,820 Pharmaceutical composition for the prevention and treatment of scar tissue
• 6,419,963 Composition and method for the treatment of diaper rash using natural products
• 6,365,198 Pharmaceutical preparation for the treatment of gastrointestinal ulcers and hemorrhoids
• 6,338,862 Composition and method of use in treating sexual dysfunction using cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors
• 6,312,735 Method for instantaneous removal of warts and moles
• 6,251,421 Pharmaceutical composition containing psyllium fiber and a lipase inhibitor
• 6,235,796 Use of fluorocarbons for the prevention of surgical adhesions
• 6,235,314 Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and skeletal muscle relaxant compositions
• 4,639,368 Chewing gum containing a medicament and taste maskers
• 4,530,936 Composition and method for inhibiting the absorption of nutritional elements from the upper intestinal tract

Papers (partial list)

1. Iqbal MP, Baig JA, Ali AA, Niazi SK, Mehboobali N, Hussain MA. The effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the disposition of methotrexate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1998 Apr; 19(3):163-7.
2. Niazi SK, Alam SM, Ahmad SI. Partial-area method in bioequivalence assessment: naproxen. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1997 Mar; 18(2):103-16.
3. Niazi SK, Alam SM, Ahmad SI. Dose dependent pharmacokinetics of naproxen in man. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1996 May; 17(4):355-61.
4. Iqbal MP, Niazi SK, Mehboobali N, Zaidi AA. Disposition kinetics of aditoprim in two monkeys in comparison to other mammalian species. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1995 Nov; 16(8):713-8.
5. Iqbal N, Ahmad B, Janbaz KH, Gilani AU, Niazi SK. The effect of caffeine on the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen in man. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1995 Aug; 16(6):481-7.
6. Iqbal MP, Niazi SK, Ashfaq MK, Mahboobali N. Pharmacokinetics of aditoprim in normal and febrile sheep. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1995 May; 16(4):343-9. No abstract available.
7. Iqbal MP, Ashfaq MK, Niazi SK, Mahboobali M, Khawaja KN. Pharmacokinetics of aditoprim and trimethoprim in buffalo calves. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1994 Mar; 15(2):173-7.
8. Niazi SK, Hussain M. Disposition kinetics of 7, 12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1992 Nov; 13(8):591-6.
9. Ahmad M, Niazi SK, Ahmad T, Muzaffar NA, Nawaz M. Effect of dehydration on the disposition kinetics of erythromycin in rabbits. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1992 Mar; 13(2):77-82.
10. Bhutta ZA, Niazi SK, Suria A. Chloramphenicol clearance in typhoid fever: implications for therapy. Indian J Pediatr. 1992 Mar-Apr; 59(2):213-9.
11. Iqbal MP, Mahboobali N, Niazi SK, Mahmood MA. Pharmacokinetics of aditoprim in goats using a radioassay. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1990 Aug-Sep; 11(6):533-41.
12. Prasad P, Niazi S, Jung D. Effect of acute water deprivation on renal function in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1988 May-Jun; 9(3):259-65.
13. Zafar NU, Niazi S, Jung D. Influence of water deprivation on the disposition of paracetamol. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1987 Feb; 39(2):144-7.
14. Prasad P, Jung D, Niazi S. Influence of short-term water deprivation on antipyrine disposition. J Pharm Sci. 1985 Mar; 74(3):338-9.
15. Prasad PP, Niazi S. Effect of water deprivation on antipyrine disposition kinetics in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1984 Apr-Jun; 5(2):195-8. No abstract available.
16. Gurwich EL, Raees SM, Skosey J, Niazi S. Unbound plasma salicylate concentration in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Br J Rheumatol. 1984 Feb; 23(1):66-73.
17. El-Rashidy R, Niazi S. A new metabolite of butylated hydroxyanisole in man. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1983 Oct-Dec; 4(4):389-96.
18. Bakar SK, Niazi S. Effect of water deprivation on aspirin disposition kinetics. J Pharm Sci. 1983 Sep; 72(9):1030-4.
19. Bakar SK, Niazi S. Simple reliable method for chronic cannulation of the jugular vein for pharmacokinetic studies in rats. J Pharm Sci. 1983 Sep; 72(9):1027-9.
20. Bakar SK, Niazi S. Stability of aspirin in different media. J Pharm Sci. 1983 Sep; 72(9):1024-6.
21. Bakar SK, Niazi S. High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of aspirin and its metabolites in plasma and urine. J Pharm Sci. 1983 Sep; 72(9):1020-3.
22. Niazi S, Vishnupad KS, Veng-Pedersen P. Absorption and disposition characteristics of nitrofurantoin in dogs. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1983 Jul-Sep; 4(3):213-23.
23. Ahmad T, Parveen G, Niazi S. Effect of water deprivation on chloramphenicol disposition kinetics in humans. J Pharm Sci. 1982 Nov; 71(11):1309-10.
24. Niazi S, Lim J, Bederka JP. Effect of ascorbic acid on renal excretion of lead in the rat. J Pharm Sci. 1982 Oct; 71(10):1189-90.
25. El-Rashidy R, Niazi S. Comparative pharmacokinetics of butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytoluene in rabbits. J Pharm Sci. 1980 Dec; 69(12):1455-7.
26. Niazi S. Multicompartment pharmacokinetic analysis and simulations using a programmable calculator. Int J Biomed Comput. 1979 May; 10(3):245-55.
27. El-Rashidy R, Niazi S. GLC determination of butylated hydroxyanisole in human plasma and urine. J Pharm Sci. 1979 Jan; 68(1):103-4.
28. El-Rashidy R, Niazi S. Binding of butylated hydroxyanisole to human albumin using a Novel dynamic method. J Pharm Sci. 1978 Jul; 67(7):967-70.
29. Niazi S. Thermodynamics of mercaptopurine dehydration. J Pharm Sci. 1978 Apr; 67(4):488-91.
30. Bakar S, Niazi S. Simplified method to study stability of pharmaceutical systems. J Pharm Sci. 1978 Jan; 67(1):141.
31. Hussain M, Niazi S, Arambulo A, Long DM. Perfluorooctyl bromide: a potential antiobesity compound. J Pharm Sci. 1977 Jun; 66(6):907-8.
32. Huang ML, Niazi S. Polymorphic and dissolution properties of mercaptopurine. J Pharm Sci. 1977 Apr; 66(4):608-9.
33. Niazi S. Application of a programmable calculator in data fitting according to one and two compartment open models in clinical pharmacokinetics. Comput Programs Biomed. 1977 Mar; 7(1):41-4.
34. Niazi S, Chiou WL. Fluorocarbon aerosol propellants XI: Pharmacokinetics of dichlorodifluoromethane in dogs following single and multiple dosing. J Pharm Sci. 1977 Jan; 66(1):49-53.
35. Niazi S. Volume of distribution and tissue level errors in instantaneous intravenous input assumptions. J Pharm Sci. 1976 OCT; 65(10):1539-40.
36. Niazi S. Comparison of observed and predicted first-pass metabolism of nortriptyline in humans. J Pharm Sci. 1976 OCT; 65(10):1535-6.
37. Chiou WL, Niazi S. Pharmaceutical applications of solid dispersion systems: dissolution of griseofulvin-succinic acid eutectic mixture. J Pharm Sci. 1976 Aug; 65(8):1212-4.
38. Niazi S. Comparison of observed and predicted first-pass metabolism of imipramine in humans. J Pharm Sci. 1976 Jul; 65(7):1063-4.
39. Niazi S. Errors involved in instantaneous intravascular input assumptions. J Pharm Sci. 1976 May; 65(5):750-2.
40. Niazi S. Volume of distribution as a function of time. J Pharm Sci. 1976 Mar; 65(3):452-4.
41. Niazi S. Effect of polyethylene glycol 4000 on dissolution properties of sulfathiazole polymorphs. J Pharm Sci. 1976 Feb; 65(2):302-4.
42. Niazi S, Chiou WL. Fluorocarbon aerosol propellants X: pharmacokinetics of dichlorotetrafluoroethane in dogs. J Pharm Sci. 1976 Jan; 65(1):60-4.
43. Niazi S, Chiou WL. Fluorocarbon aerosol propellants. VI: Interspecies differences in solubilities in blood and plasma and their possible implications in toxicity studies. J Pharm Sci. 1975 Sep; 64(9):1538-41.
44. Niazi S, Chiou WL. Fluorocarbon aerosol propellants IV: pharmacokinetics of trichloromonofluoromethane following single and multiple dosing in dogs. J Pharm Sci. 1975 May; 64(5):763-9.
45. Niazi S, Chiou WL. Partition coefficients of fluorocarbon aerosol propellants in water, normal saline, cyclohexane, chloroform, human plasma, and human blood. J Pharm Sci. 1974 Apr; 63(4):532-5.
46. Chiou WL, Niazi S. A simple and ultra-sensitive head-space gas chromatographic method for the assay of fluorocarbon propellants in blood. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1973 Sep; 6(2):481-98.
47. Chiou WL, Niazi S. Differential thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction studies of griseofulvin-succinic acid solid dispersions. J Pharm Sci. 1973 Mar; 62(3):498-501.
48. Chiou WL, Niazi S. Phase diagram and dissolution-rate studies on sulfathiazole-urea solid dispersions. J Pharm Sci. 1971 Sep; 60(9):1333-338.

Books (partial list)

• Textbook of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics. New York: John-Wiley & Sons, 1979. ISBN 0-8385-8868-9
• The Omega Connection. Oak Brook, IL: Esquire Press, 1986. ISBN 0-9617841-0-5
• Wellness Guide. Lahore, Pakistan: Ferozsons Publishers, 2001. ISBN 9789690017932
• Love Sonnets of Ghalib. New Delhi, India: Rupa & Co., 2002. ISBN 0-9714746-0-5
• Love Sonnets of Ghalib. Lahore, Pakistan: Ferozsons Publishers, 2002. ISBN 978-969-0-01793-4
• Filing Patents Online: A Professional Guide. New York: CRC Press, 2003. ISBN 0-8493-1624-3
• Handbook of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Formulations: Sterile Products. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2004. ISBN 0-8493-1751-7
• Handbook of Pharmaceutical manufacturing Formulations: Compressed Solid Products. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2004. ISBN 0-8493-1746-0
• Handbook of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Formulations: Uncompressed Solid Products. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2004. ISBN 0-8493-1747-9
• Handbook of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Formulations: Liquid Products. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2004. ISBN 0-8493-1748-9
• Handbook of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Formulations: Semisolid Products. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2004. ISBN 0-8493-1749-5
• Handbook of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Formulations: Over the Counter Products. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2004. ISBN 0-8493-1750-9
• Handbook of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Formulations: Compressed Solid Products. New York: Informa Healthcare, 2009. ISBN 978-142008116-9
• Handbook of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Formulations: Uncompressed Solid Products. New York: Informa Healthcare, 2009. ISBN 978-142008118-3
• Handbook of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Formulations: Liquid Products. New York: Informa Healthcare, 2009. ISBN 978-142008123-7
• Handbook of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Formulations: Semisolid Products. New York: Informa Healthcare, 2009. ISBN 978-142008123-8
• Handbook of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Formulations: Over the Counter Products. New York: Informa Healthcare, 2009. ISBN 978-142008128-2
• Handbook of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Formulations: Sterile Products. New York: Informa Healthcare, 2009. ISBN 978-142008130-5
• Handbook of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Formulations (Volumes 1-6). New York: Informa Healthcare, 2009. ISBN 978-1-4200-8106-0
• “Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Modeling in Early Drug Development” in Charles G. Smith and James T. O'Donnell (eds.), The Process of New Drug Discovery and Development (2nd ed.). New York: CRC Press, 2004.
• Handbook of Preformulation: Drugs, Botanicals and Biological Pharmaceutical Products. New York: Informa, 2006. ISBN 0-8493-7193-7
• Handbook of Bioequivalence Testing. New York: Informa, 2007. ISBN 978-084930395-1
• Textbook of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacokinetics. Hyderabad, India: The Book Syndicate, 2010. ISBN 978-93-81075-04-3
• Wine of Passion. Lahore, Pakistan: Ferozsons Publishing, 2010. ISBN 978-0-9714746-1-1
• Wine of Love. New Delhi, India: Rupa & Co., 2011 (in press).
• Handbook of Disposable Bioprocessing Systems. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2011. ISBN 978-1-4398667-0-2
• Water of Life. Tehran, Iran: University of Tehran Press, 2012 (in preparation).
• Man and His Universe: Deconstructing Human Perception of Reality. (in preparation)

Patent work

In 2002, he became a patent agent with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. As a licensed patent agent, he teaches courses on creativity and inventiveness on behalf of the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan. He has helped scientists and inventors around the world (especially in developing countries) secure patents from the USPTO for their inventions.

External links

• Pharmceutical Scientist, Inc.
• Therapeutic Proteins, Inc.
• Dr. Sarfaraz K. Niazi (niazi.com)
• Love Sonnets of Ghalib