Bhojpur district, India

Template:India Districts Bhojpur district (Hindi: भोजपुर जिला) is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state in eastern India. Arrah town (also known as Ara) is the administrative headquarters of this district.

Post-independence

The district is currently a part of the Red Corridor.

Geography

Bhojpur district occupies an area of 2,395 square kilometres (925 sq mi), comparatively equivalent to Canada's Cornwall Island.

It is located at a longitude of 83° 45' to 84° 45' East and the latitude is 25° 10' to 25° 40' North and is situated at a height of 193 meters above sea level.

Climate

The climate of the district is of moderately extreme type. The hot weather begins about the middle of March, when hot westerly winds begin to blow during the day. The months of April and May are extremely hot. In a normal year, the monsoon sets in by the third week of June and the rains continue with intermissions till about the end of September or the early part of October. The cold weather begins from the month of November and lasts till the beginning of March January is the coldest month when temperature comes down as low as 10 °C. From the month of April till the first break down of the monsoon, the district experiences occasional thunder-storms also.

Rains set in June accompanied by a fall in temperature and increase in humidity. The district experiences maximum rains during the months of July and August. The average rain-fall, in the normal conditions, recorded in these months is in the proximity of 300 mm. The district gets easterly winds from June to September, which brings rains, from October the direction of the winds is reversed and westerly winds blow till May. There is slight rainfall in October, but November and December are quite dry. Some winter rain occurs in January and February. In session 2011 rain fall is also more and more less, due to which farmers are in problem.

Sub-divisions

Bhojpur district comprises 3 Sub-divisions:

• Ara Sadar,
• Jagdishpur,
• Piro

Economy

In 2006 the Indian government named Bhojpur one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640). It is one of the 36 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF). However things started to finally turn around for the people when the JD-BJP Government came to power with thundering majority. Since then the crime rate has become nil and because of that investment has started pouring in.

Agriculture

Irrigation facilities

The rivers Sone and Ganges are the perennial sources of surface water. They can provide irrigation to major portion of agricultural lands. In the "Pre-Zamindari Abolition" days the Zamindars used to maintain "Ahars" and Pynes" which served the purposes of both irrigation and drainage in certain pockets of the district. Ordinary wells also used to be a good source of irrigation.

The District Statistical Report published by the District Administration in the 2001, 15,493 hectares, and land is irrigated by big Sone canals, 14,940 hectares of land is irrigated by middle Sone canals and 18,379 hectares of land is irrigated by small canals. 2,582 hectares is irrigated by Govt. Electronic Tube wells and 2,099 hectares is irrigated by Govt. Tube wells operated by diesel. The area of land irrigated by private Electric Tube wells is 8,263 hectares. And 16,999 hectares of land is irrigated by diesel operated private Tube wells. 58,586 hectares is irrigated by other sources or irrigation like Ahars, wells and ponds etc. Thus this statistics shows that 177,341 hectares of land out of 2,37,526 hectares of total area is irrigated. It means 74.66% of the district's land is irrigated.

Land use pattern

In this district both the irrigated and un-irrigated areas except the small hills are being exploited for cultivation. Even some of the large ponds and "Jhils" which were duck-shooting areas have been de-watered and put to crop and grows "Boro crops". Intensive agriculture is also being attempted by what is popularly known as "Package Program". The Block Development Authorities are also trying to extend cultivation and improve the output. The remodelled Sone Canal System has the objective of bringing in more land under cultivation. Horticulture is spreading and orchards are springing up of all parts.

The District Statistical Report published by the District Administration of Bhojpur in the year of 2001 shows the area of different crops production i.e. Paddy-1,05,155 hectares, Wheat-67,259 hectares, Maize- 2,779 hectares, Barley-1,154 hectares Gram-5,017 hectares Peas-2,016 hectares, Arhar-919 hectares Masur-8,115 hectares Khesari-8,989 hectares Oil seeds (Sarso) 2,866 hectares Spices 31 hectares Vegetables 5,119 hectares, Fruits 2,651 hectares and Sugar cane 209 hectares.

This report also published the data of the rate of production, which is provided to the district administration by the State Directorate. It states the rate of production different crops per hectare as follows:

Paddy (High yielding irrigated)-3502 kg per hectares. Paddy (Locally irrigated) -3330 kg per hectares, Wheat (High yielding irrigated)-2725 kg per hectare. Wheat (High yielding un-irrigated)-2707 kg per hectare Masur-1047 kg per hectare Khesari-986 kg. Per hectare. Oil seeds (Sarso) 679 kg per hectare and Gram 937 kg per hectare.

Mines and minerals

Mines and minerals resources in new Bhojpur district are very little. The only mineral product in this district is the sand from Sone river. About 40 km length of Sone river forms the part of southern and eastern and eastern boundary of the district of Bhojpur. The only managed sand – collecting centre is Koilwar, which is about 5 km strips. About 35 km length is not properly managed to gather the sand.

Industrialization

After bifurcation of the old Shahabad district in the new district of Bhojpur and Rohtas the large scale industries generally fell in Rohtas district. There are, however, different types of small & cottage industries other than some agro-based industries located in the district of Bhojpur.

The District Statistical Report shows that between April 1992 and August 2000, 1,085 small tiny and cottage industries were registered with the District Industry Centre, Bhojpur. Altogether the capital invested in these industries is Rs-869.19 Lacs, and 1858 persons are employed in these industries. There is an industrial area located at village Gidha near Koilwar spread in an area of 30–40 acres of land under the Patna Industrial Development Authority. A bottling plant of Indane Gas (LPG) is functioning for the last several years, providing employment to locals. The development of industries depends on the regular supply of power but the district gets very short supply of the electricity against the required energy. The industrialisation of the district badly hampered due to this problem

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Bhojpur district, Bihar has a population of 2,720,155, roughly equal to the nation of Kuwait or the US state of Nevada. This gives it a ranking of 145th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 1,136 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,940/sq mi) . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 21.27%. Bhojpur has a sex ratio of 900 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 72.79%.

Languages

Languages include Bhojpuri, a tongue in the Bihari language group with almost 200 000 000 speakers, according to the study of 'Times of India Daily' written in both the Devanagari and Kaithi scripts.. Hindi, Urdu.

People

Babu Ku.war Singh: The great freedom fighter, Acharya Pt. Ambika Dutta Sharma,a revolutionary,Sanskrit Scholar who hosted Mahatma M K Gandhi on 9th. April 1917 and along with others lead him to Acharya J. B. Kriplani, Muzaffarpur when he first time came to Bihar to start the famous Struggle against White Indigo Farmers in Champaran. Babu Jagjiwan Ram, a veteran freedom fighter and youngest minister as well as first Labour Minister in the Jawahar Lal Nehru's provisional government, was born at Chandwa near Ara.Justice Bhuwaneshwar Prasad Sinha, the sixth chief justice of India was also from Bhojpur, His native place was Gaziapur, PO - Sinha, Dist - Bhojpur.He had his primary education at Arrah Zila School.Dr Ram Subhag Singh was Union Railway Minister in the Indira Gandhi cabinet. He was also the first leader of Opposition in Lok Sabha in 1969. Shri Baliram Bhagat who represented Arrah parliamentary constituency was a union cabinet minister of commerce and later Speaker of Lok Sabha. Shri Bindeswari Dubey who served the people of Bihar as its Chief Minister and who later also became a Union Minister for Law,Justice and Labour in the Rajiv Gandhi's cabinet was born at Mahuaon near Ara.Meira Kumar, the present Lok Sabha speaker is daughter of Babu Jagjiwan Ram.

Culture

Films

Bhojpuri films have a far and wide viewership. Several film personalities from this region have made rich contributions to cinema. Mr. Viswanth Shahabadi had made Ganga Maiya Tohen Piyari Chadhaibo in 1960, which is still today widely acclaimed. Mr. Janardan Singh of Ara made Piya Nirmohia with Jai Tilak of Ara as hero. Sri Ashok Chand Jain and Mr. Laxman Shahabadi have made the film Ganga Kinare Mora Gaon, in which the latter's songs had been appreciated a lot. Mr. Jai Mohan of Ara was the villain of this film. "kab aayeihe dulha hammar" a milestone in bojpuri film which ran almost 3 months & Hum hayee Khalnayak" frist debut film of Jackie Shroff in Bojpuri was blockbuster film made by Sri.Uday Shankar who belongs to Ara. Similarly many more artist have worked in films from this region and have made Ara the Hollywood of Bhojpuri films.The rising & Bright future in Bhojpuri singer Pawan Singh, Manoj Tiwary, Vinit Singh, Chotu Chaliya and many more also belong to ARA. They all have a good quality in their profession.Arun kumar mahto (actor,writer,editor,director & producer) is making short film since 2009. laika mafiya was his first film based on failed students.

Fashion

Fashion, a general term for a currently popular style or practice, especially in clothing, foot wear or accessories.Clothing of an area often based on economic or social conditions.Basically Fashion of Ara is traditional but now people started wearing Western or Indo-western cloths.A lot of national and international brands have opened their showrooms in Ara. Nowadays besides custom-sewn cloths, most of people in Ara are having ready-to-wear clothing which intended to be worn without significant alteration, because clothing made to standard sizes fits most people.

Literature

Bhojpur has a rich literary lineage. Munshi Sadasukh Lal, Sayed Ishautullah, Lallu lal and Sadal Mishra ara famous for their work in 'Khari Boli'. From Bhartendu era Akhoury Yashodanad was as famous as editor and Sri Shivnandan Sahay for biography writings. Sri Jainendra Kishor Jain was well known novelist and dramatist. In Dwivedi era Mahamahopadhyay Pundit Sakal Narayan Sharma and Pundit Ramdahin Mishra were famous for prose writing. Acharya Shivpujan Sahay, great story writer, novelist and essayist, was from this area. In Chayavadi era Sri Kedarnath Mishra Prabhat, Sri Ramdayal Pandey, Collector Singh Keshari, Sri Nandkisor Tiwari, Sri Ramnath Pathak Pranaye and Prof. Sarvdev Tiwary Rakesh (well known Rakesh ji) were well known for their poetic skills. The first Bhojpuri Mahakabya "Kaljayi Kunwar Singh" was written by Prof. Sarvdev Tiwary Rakesh. The list of personalities contributing towards a lot in literary field from this region is long.prof mithileshwar won many award in literature field at national and international level

Tourism

Gundi Village :- Birth Place of World fame Great Saint Awadhoot Bhagwan Ram, popularly known as Sarkar Baba or Bhagwan Ramji. He was born in 1937 at Gundi village. Later he moved to Baba Keenaram Sthal ( Thousands year old Spiritual Centre & Worldfame Headquarter of Aghor sect at Varanasi ), at the age of 7 (Seven) only .

Sun Temple at Dev : The Dev village of Tarari block has statue of the Sun god besides several other deities. These statues are said to be of 14th century or even before.( The Ancient Dev temple is not actually situated in Bhojpur District, The village Dev and the temple itself is situated in the Aurangabad district district of Bihar.)

Veer Kunwar Singh Kila, Jagdishpur

The great warrior of 1857 belonged to Jagdishpur. His fort is still there to reminds us of the great son of the soil who fought for the freedom till his last.

Maharaja College, Ara

The present Maharaja college premises is an important historical site. There is an entry point of a tunnel that is believed to be connected with the Jagdishpur fort of Kunwar Singh.

Aranya Devi Temple

This is famous temple of Aranya Devi (Forest Goddess). She is said to be the deity goddess of Ara town. Here one statue is of ADI SAKTI and the second is established by the Pandavas. The temple is very old and draws many devotees every day. It is situated at the top of stone boulde Gharbharni maa mandir in nitesh pandey bagicha shahpur is very famaus.

"MAA KALI MANDIR" This temple is situated at Bakhorapur about 15 km from Ara. This is one of the oldest temples in India and so big. A 85 feet (26 m) high statue of maa kali is being made near this temple. The temple is situated at the bank of the Ganges. The main temple is made of granite and marble stones. Nowadays this palace is famous for different types of films and shooting.

Chaturvuj Narayan Mandir

This very ancient statue of Laxmi -Narayan is situated at Chaturvuj village of Piro block.

Bhavani Mandir Chaturvuj Baraon – 13th-century statue . {MA KALI MANDIR BHAKHORA PUR}. Thish temple is verry good temple and artitechure is the best (ma kali mandir is babubandh (charpokhari} very famoush mandir in bhojpur distinct "GADH KALI MANDIR"-GARHANI This temple is situated at Garhani Taluk.Garhani about 20 km from Ara Railway station.This temple is old and re-constructed in 2009–10.As per the villagers this temple established at Period of CHERO. Jagdamba Mandir Here is an ancient statue of Goddess Jagdamba at Mukundpur village of Charpokhari block.

Parswanath Mandir It is a century old Jain Temple located at Masadh Village.

Mahamaya Mandir This temple is at Ekwari village of Sahar block. This was made during Mughal period.

Mahathin Mai Mandir This is located at Bihiya, draws lots of women devotees.

Jain Sidhant Bhawan It has a such library which contains unique collection of materials related to Jainism. It is only one in whole Asia.

Paihari Jee Ka Ashram It is an ashram at Dhrampur village at Sahar block.

[" SREE HANUMAN MANDIR "], Matiyara,Kayamnagar,near 9 km from ara railway station

Lakar Sah Ki Mazar It is situated at Sahpur, it a famous mazar of a local Muslim saint.

Kurwa Shiv There are some ancient statues related to Banasur. It is situated in Shahpur – Billoti Road.

Venkatesh Mandir This temple situated at Perhap village has a statue of Southern architectural style.

Baba yagyeshwar dham, a shiv temple is situated in jagdishpur which is said to be made by 'lord shrikrishna' under supervisiob of 'maharshi yagyavalkya'. 'Hanumaan mandir' of jagdishpur has also a fame among Hindu deities in bhojpur district

JAGDISHWAR SHIV MANDIR,A Param Pita Parmatma Shiv Temple is situated in MILKI(Khutahan),subdivision PIRO, which is made By Late. Jagdish Giri on the basis of Birla Temple, New Delhi, has been famuos temple of bhojpur district.

Sahi Jama Masjid This mosque built by Shersah is located at Garhani Bazzar. Renovation work is in progress here.

The Great Jama Masjid It is situated at Bhaluana village.Renovation work is in progress here.

The land is very fertile, being on the Ganges Plain. This area is known for its rich language – Bhojpuri.

• Population: Total: 1,792,771 Rural: 1,557,287 Urban: 235,484
• Sub Divisions: Ara Sadar, Jagdishpur, Piro
• Blocks: Ara Sadar,Udwantnagar, Jagdishpur, Koilwar, Sahar, Barhara, Sandesh, Shahpur, Charpokhari, Piro, Tarari, Bihia, Agiawon, Garhani
• Agriculture: Rich Paddy Fields, Wheat, Maize, Bengal Gram, Grain
• Industry: Rice, Automobiles, Clothes and Oil Mills.
• Rivers: Ganges, Sone.
• Hotel:Park View Hotel & Hotel The Regal.
• Veer Kunwar Singh University.
• Colleges: Maharaja College, Jagjivan College, Jain College, Sahjanand Brahamarshi College, B.S.S COLLEGE,BACHRI PIRO, Sanjay Gandhi College, Maa Maitryainee Yogini senior secondary school-Gundi, Mahant Mahadevanand Mahila Mahavidyalay, Ara, Dr. K. K. Mandal (Jagdishpur), Saint Barahna Mahila college (Jagdishpur) STSM College, Panwari T.S.I.M College,ara
• School: Catholic School, H.N.K High school, H.P.D Jain school, DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL, D K CARMEL RESIDENCIAL HIGH SCHOOL, JEAN PAUL HIGH SCHOOL,HK JAIN GYAN ASTHALI, BALRAM BHAGAT HIGH SCHOOL KRISHNA BAG BABHNAULI{at koilwar police station},"SHANTI SMRITI"SAMBHAWNA RESIDENTIAL HIGH SCHOOL,MAJHAUA,ARA,SRI SAI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ANAND NAGAR ARA,, Mouni Baba High School, Baghi,SRI SAI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, MAHABIR TOLA ARA,HIGH SCHOOL GAZIAPUR FROM 1949.
• Mosque: Badi Masjid, Ara
• "Temple : "Maa Mahthin Mai Mandir", Bihiya, "Aaranya Devi Temple", Surya mandir, Belaur,"Kundwa Shiv Mandir",Gosainpur,
• Historical places: Krishan Garh, beside the river Ganges in the Ara District, is the location of a five hundred year old temple dedicated to Lord Shiva. "Maa Kali Temple" at Bakhorapur about 15 km from Ara. This is one of the oldest temples in India and so big. A 85 feet (26 m) high statue of maa kali is being made near this temple. The emple is situated on the bank of the River Ganges. The main temple is made of granite and marble stones. "Baba Dineshwar nath Dham" at Koilwar, is 16 km from Ara. It is dedicated to Lord Shiva. This Temple is situated at the bank of river "Sone", Jagdishwar Madir at Milki (Khutaha) village about 40 km from Ara. There is an old Shiva temple in village Bartiar under Sandesh police station, some 20 km from district hq.hear is also available shiv mandir (dharmpura gavn) distance 60 km from Ara

References

  11 http://www.kiit.ac.in/student/achieve.html  Student Achiever

  12 http://www.aiesecbbsr.com/alumni/ AIESEC Bhubaneswar Alumni

External links

• Bhojpur Information Portal