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Ultramarathon

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Ultramarathoners compete at the Sahara Race 2011 (4 Deserts)

An ultramarathon (also called ultra distance) is any sporting event involving running and walking longer than the traditional marathon length of 42.195 kilometres (26.219 mi).

There are two types of ultramarathon events: those that cover a specified distance, and events that take place during specified time (with the winner covering the most distance in that time). The most common distances are 50 kilometres (31.069 mi), 100 kilometres (62.137 mi), 50 miles (80.4672 km) and 100 miles (160.9344 km), although many races have other distances. The 100 kilometers is an official IAAF world record event.[1]

Other distances/times include double marathons, 24-hour races, and multiday races of 1000 miles or even longer. The format of these events and the courses vary, ranging from single or multiple loops (some as short as a 400-meter track),[2] to point-to-point road or trail races, to cross-country rogaines. Many ultramarathons, especially trail challenges, have severe course obstacles, such as inclement weather, elevation change, or rugged terrain. Many of these races are run on dirt roads or mountain paths, though some are run on paved roads as well. Usually, there are aid stations every 20 to 35 km apart, where runners can replenish food and drink supplies or take a short break.

Timed events range from 6, 12, and 24 hours to 3 and 6 days and 10 days (known as multi-day events). Timed events are generally run on a track or a short road course, often one mile or less.

The International Association of Ultrarunners (IAU) organises the World Championships for various ultramarathon distances, including 50 km, 100 km, 24 hours and ultra trail running. These events are sanctioned by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), the world governing body of track and field. Many countries around the world have their own ultrarunning organizations, often the national athletics federation of that country, or are sanctioned by such national athletics organizations. World records for distances, times and ages are tracked by the IAU.

Regions

Ultramarathons are run around the world and more than 70,000 people complete ultramarathons every year.[citation needed]

Africa

Several ultra distance events are held in Africa.

  • South Africa hosts a number of notable ultra marathon events.
    • On paved surface: the world's oldest and largest ultramarathon, the 90 km Comrades Marathon. Approximately 12,000 runners complete Comrades each year, with over 24,500 in 2000.
    • It also hosts the 56-kilometer Two Oceans Marathon in Cape Town in the southern autumn which attracts approximately 11,000 runners.
    • Off road: The Salomon Sky Run is a grueling 100 kilometre self supported, unmarked trail race held in a particularly scenic part of the country.
  • Marathon des Sables is a 6 day stage race which covers 250 km through the Sahara desert in Morocco. The Sahara Race in Egypt, part of the 4 Deserts series, is held annually with about 150 competitors from 30 countries competing. There is also an ultramarathon of 250 km across the Namib desert.
  • The Grand Raid de la Réunion is held annually on Réunion island in October, crossing the island over 163 km with an altitude gain of 9643 meters. This race attracts 2350 competitors, with 1000 runners from overseas.

Asia

Ultrarunning has become popular in Asia recently, and countries such as Japan, Taiwan and Korea have hosted IAU World Championships.

  • Japan had its first 100 km event in 1987 as Lake Saroma Ultramarathon and hosted IAU 100 km World Championship in 1994 (Lake Saroma), 1998 (River Shimanto) and 2005 (Lake Saroma).[3] Japan hosts more than 50 ultramarathon events throughout the year,[4] among which are Trans Japan Alps Race (TJAR) (415 kilometres (258 miles) with more than 26,000 metres (16 miles) cumulative altitude gain crossing Japan Alps, crossing Japan's mainland from Japan Sea to Pacific Ocean in 7 days),[5][6] Hasetsune cup (71.5 kilometres (44.4 miles) in steep foggy mountains)[7] and Ultra-Trail Mt. Fuji (UTMF) (161 kilometres (100 miles) loop around World Heritage Mt. Fuji with cumulative altitude gain of about 9,000 metres (5.6 miles)).[8][9]
  • Korea's first ultramarathon was held in 2000.
  • India's first ultra marathon was held in 2007, in Bangalore.[10][11] Since 2010, Indian Himalayas have hosted LA ULTRA – The High, crossing Khardung La, the world's highest motorable mountain pass.[citation needed]
  • Soochow International 24H Ultra-Marathon is held since 1999 in Taipei, and is an official IAU-registered event. The Gobi March,[12] first held in 2003, in northwest China was one of China's first ultramarathons.
  • A night race called the Sundown Marathon has been held in Singapore annually since 2008, over a double marathon distance (84 km) up to 2010 and 100 km since then.[13]
  • Nepal hosts several ultramarathon races,[14] including the Annapurna 100, the Kanchenjunga Ultra Marathon Trail Running Race[citation needed] and the Everest Ultra.[15]
  • Northern Mongolia hosts an annual 100 km summer race, Mongolia Sunrise to Sunset.[16]
  • Malaysia's first ultra trail marathon was founded in November 2011 and is known as the TMBT (The Most Beautiful Thing) in Sabah at Mount Kinabalu, South East Asia's highest mountain. The event has a 55% drop out rate and is a 3 qualifying point race for Ultra Du Mont Blanc and a 2 point qualifying race for the 55 kilometer category of the event. This was followed by the Beaufort Ultra Marathon in Sabah organized in 2012 and a 60 kilometer endurance race under 35-39 degree Celsius morning and afternoon heat with a 60% finish rate amongst runners.[17]
  • Indonesia's first ultramarathon race, Mount Rinjani Ultra (52K), was held on August 2013 and Indonesia's first 100K & 160K ultramarathon race, Bromo Tengger Semeru 100 Ultra, was held on November 2013.
  • In the Cebu, Philippines, Ultramarathons has gained quite a number of followers. An All Women Ultra Marathon race covering a distance of 50 kilometers is held annually on the weekend of International Women's Day since 2012.[18]

Oceania, Australia and New Zealand

Australia and New Zealand are host to some 100 organized ultramarathons each year. Additionally a handful of runners have run the entire length of New Zealand, a distance of around 2200 km.[19]

In Australia, the Westfield Ultra Marathon was an annual race between Sydney and Melbourne contested between 1983 and 1991. Greek runner Yiannis Kouros won the event five times during that period. Australia is also the home of one of the oldest six-day races in the world, the Cliff Young Australian 6-day race, held in Colac, Victoria. The race is held on a 400-meter circuit at the Memorial Square in the centre of Colac, and has seen many epic battles since its inception in 1984. The 20th Cliff Young Australian six-day race was held between 20 and 26 November 2005. During that event, Kouros beat his existing world record six-day track mark and set a new mark of 1036.851 km. The Coast to Kosciuszko inaugurated in 2004, is a 246-kilometre (153 mi) marathon from the coast to the top of Mount Kosciuszko, Australia's highest mountain.

New Zealand's first ultramarathon was held on a 100 km track. The Kepler Challenge, 60 km through Fiordland National Park, has been running since 1988 and is one of the country's most popular races. New Zealand's Northburn 100 ultra mountain run [2] is the first 100 mile (160 km) race through the Northburn Station.

Papua New Guinea has the Kokoda Challenge Race, an annual 96 km endurance race held in late August that runs the length of the historic Kokoda Track.[20]

In November 2012, Kim Allan planned to run and/or walk 500 km nonstop, without sleep, on the Sri Chinmoy Peace Mile track at the Auckland Domain. Her aim was to beat ultrarunner Pam Reed's record of 300 miles.[21] According to her Facebook page, she only managed 385.8 km.[22] She eventually passed the 500 kilometre mark at 86 hours, 11 minutes and 9 seconds, breaking the 486 km women's record.[23]

In April 2013, Feilding man Perry Newburn set a new New Zealand record by running 483 km without sleep at Feilding's Manfield Park.[24]

Europe

Ultrarunning is popular in Europe, and the sport can trace its origins here with early documentation of ultrarunners came from Icelandic sagas, or even the antique Greece from where the idea of the Marathon, and the Spartathlon comes. The history of ultrarunners and walkers in the UK from the Victorian Era has also been documented. The IAU hosts annual European Championships for the 50 km, 100 km and 24 hours. There are over 300 ultramarathons held in Europe each year. Some of the largest events include:

  • The Tor des Géants – a 330 km loop (including 24000 m total elevation gain) of the Aosta Valley in max 150 hours. The path follows the Alta Via 2 and Alta Via 1 footpaths of the Aosta Valley in Italy (these foothpaths are normally divided in resp. 14 and 17 daily stages).
  • The JOGLE Ultra – 1375 km (860 miles) over 16 days from John o'Groats to Lands End, Scotland/Wales/England – UK
  • The Swiss Alpine Marathon 78 km, from Davos, Switzerland.
  • The Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc which consists of a 168 km loop around Mont Blanc including 9600 m total elevation gain.[25]
  • The Magredi Mountain Trail 100 mi loop through the southern Italian Dolomites which includes over 9,000 m of total elevation gain. The race starts and finishes in Vivaro, Italy.
  • The 100 km del Passatore Florence – Faenza Italy
  • The Strasimeno ultramarathon, Castiglione del Lago Italy
  • The Bucegi 7500 Marathon, with its first edition in 2009, is the toughest competition in Romania. Held annually in Bucegi Mountains of the Southern Carpathians, the race stretches for 90 km over harsh terrain, comprising a total 7500 meters elevation gain.
  • The Biel running days, Switzerland.
  • Sudecka Setka – 100 km in the Polish Sudetes.
  • The 72.7 km Rennsteiglauf in the Thuringian Forest, Germany.
  • The 230 km Al Andalus Ultimate Trail is a stage race over five days in the July sun and heat of the Granada province, Andalucia, Spain.
  • The Lakeland 100 (UTLD) which has a circular route encompassing much of the Lakeland fell area, including in the region of 6300m of ascent and consisting entirely of public bridleways and footpaths.
  • The ULTRArace.100 which has a circular route of 100 miles of road in The Cotswold Hills with an overall ascent of 2248m.
  • The second oldest ultramarathon in the world, London to Brighton, was widely considered to be among the most prestigious titles until its retirement in 2005. As of 2008[26] has been recaptured as a trail run.[3]
  • Day Runners – Athens International Ultramarathon Festival (24h, 48h, 72h, 6days, 1000k, 1000m)
  • The Rodopi Ultra Trail is the first 100 mile trail race in Bulgaria and wanders the vast forests of the Rodopi mountain range, one of the biggest ranges of the Balkan peninsula.
  • Velebit 100 – Velebit, Croatia.
  • Transvulcania - La Palma, Spain
  • Lapland Ultra – Adak, Lapland, Sweden. 100 km loop in the land of the midnight sun.
  • The European Ultramarathon Cup (ECU) is an annual series covering several of the biggest races in different European countries.
  • An extreme challenge in Germany is the annual multiday Deutschlandlauf (Germany Run) over 1200 km.
  • In Portugal, the "Ultramaratona das Areias" race covers 43 kilometres on the sand of southern beaches under the blazing sun of summer.
  • In southern Spain, the "La Legión 101 km en 24 Horas" is a popular ultramarathon in and around the Andalucian town of Ronda in the province of Malaga. The race in May is organized and supported by the Spanish Foreign Legion.
  • In Greece, Spartathlon is held every last weekend of September since 1983. It's a non-stop historic ultra-distance foot race covering 246 km from Athens to Sparta. It's considered[by whom?] one of the most difficult ultramarathon races due to the weather conditions encountered by the runners (heat and humidity during the day and cold during the night hours) and the non-stop profile of the race. Only 1/3 of the runners reach Sparta.

Antarctica

Due to logistics and environmental concerns there are only a handful of ultramarathons held in Antarctica, and travel costs can mean entrance fees as high as $14,000.[27] Ultramarathons in Antarctica include: The Last Desert, a multi-stage footrace, and the Antarctic Ice Marathon – a marathon and 100-kilometer race.

North America

There are several hundred ultramarathons held annually in North America. One of the most popular is the Western States Endurance Run, the world's oldest 100-mile trail run. The race began unofficially in 1974, when local horseman Gordy Ainsleigh's horse for the 100-mile Tevis Cup horse race came up lame. He decided to travel the course on foot, finishing in 23 hours and 47 minutes.'

One of the first documented ultramarathons in North America was held in 1926, and at the time was part of the Central American Games. Tomas Zafiro and Leoncio San Miguel, both Tarahumara Indians, ran 100 km from Pachuca to Mexico City in 9 hours and 37 minutes. At the time, the Mexican government petitioned to include a 100 km race in the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam[citation needed]; however, nothing came of these efforts.

100 Mile Footraces in the Contiguous United States, 2011

In 1928, sports agent C. C. Pyle organized the first of two editions of the 3,455-mile-long Bunion Derby (the first went along U.S. Route 66 from Los Angeles to Chicago before heading toward New York; the 1929 Derby reversed the route). Neither the race nor the accompanying vaudeville show was a financial success.

Since 1997, runners have been competing in the Self-Transcendence 3100 Mile Race, which is billed as the longest official footrace in the world. They run 100 laps a day for up to 50 days around a single block in Queens, NY, for a total distance of 3,100 miles (5,000 km).[28]

In April 2006, the American Ultrarunning Hall of Fame was established by the American Ultrarunning Association (AUA). Candidates for the Hall of Fame are chosen from the 'modern era' of American ultras, beginning with the New York Road Runners Club 30 Mile race held in 1958. The Inaugural inductees were Ted Corbitt, a former US Olympian, winner of the aforementioned race in 3:04:13, and co-founder of the Road Runners Club of America, and Sandra Kiddy, who kicked off her ultra career at age 42 with a world record at 50 kilometers, 3:36:56, and who went on to set a string of US and world ultra records.

South America

There are few ultramarathons in South America, but the sport is getting more popular every day. The Brazil 135 Ultramarathon is a single stage race of 135 miles ( 217 km) with a 60 hour cutoff, held in Brazil. This is a Badwater "sister race".[29] Several ultramarathons are held in Chile and the activity is becoming more popular among Chileans.[30] Ultramarathons held in Chile include:

  • The Endurance Challenge, a 10K, 21K, 50K and 80K trail running race held in the Andes mountain range near Santiago. It is part of the global Endurance Challenge circuit. The race seeks to promote the sport, outdoor activity and the use of mountain trails, taking care to have the lowest impact possible on the environment.
  • The Lican Ray-Villarrica Ultramarathon, a 70 km marathon that starts in Lican Ray, climbs Villarrica Volcano and ends in downtown Villarrica.
  • The Atacama Crossing, a 250 km (155 mile) ultramarathon which takes place in the Atacama desert, around San Pedro de Atacama, Chile[31] and crosses through the driest place on earth.

There are six stages in seven days, with almost four marathons run in the first four days, then a 74 km stretch,then a rest day and a final stage of 11 km. It is part of the 4 Deserts Series, which, as the name suggests, is a desert race series.[32] The Atacama Crossing take place in terrain that is rarely flat underfoot, with a harsh climate and an altitude that averages 2500 m (8000 ft). The race uses the town of San Pedro de Atacama as its host town, and in 2012 the race began at its highest point of over 3,000m in the Arcoiris Valley.

View from the Atacama Crossing 2011.
  • The Patagonian International Marathon, take place in Torres del Paine National Park, southern Chilean Patagonia. The event features four race distances: an ultramarathon (63 km), marathon (42 km), half marathon (21 km) and a 10K. Each distance has a different starting point, but everyone finishes in the same place.[33]

The event, organized by NIGSA, aims to promote the conservation of Chilean Patagonia and contribute to the sustainable development of the region. For each runner, a tree will be planted in the Torres del Paine National Park through the “Corre y Reforesta” (Run and Reforest) campaign[34] run by the organization “Reforestemos Patagonia” (Let’s Reforest Patagonia)[35] which aims to raise awareness of the importance of preserving these areas and contribute to the reforestation of native trees in Chilean Patagonia.

List of ultramarathons

This is only a partial list of events. For a full list, see Ultramarathon Running's Calendar and local countries' ultrarunning websites.

Road and dirt paths

Track Ultramarathons

Mountain and trails

IAU Race Results

IAU 100 km World Championships

See also: IAU 100 km World Championships
Year Location Champion (m) Champion (f)
1987 Belgium Torhout Spain Domingo Catalán Switzerland Agnes Eberle
1988 Spain Santander Spain Domingo Catalán United States Ann Trason
1989 France Rambouillet France Bruno Scelsi West Germany Katherina Janicke
1990 United States Duluth France Roland Vuillemenot United Kingdom Eleanor Adams
1991 Italy Faenza Brazil Valmir Nuñes United Kingdom Eleanor Adams
1992 Spain Palamós Russia Konstantin Santalov Russia Nurzia Bagmanova
1993 Belgium Torhout Russia Konstantin Santalov United Kingdom Carolyn Hunter-Rowe
1994 Japan Yubetsu/Saroma/Tokoro Russia Aleksey Volgin Russia Valentina Shatyeyeva
1995 Netherlands Winschoten Brazil Valmir Nuñes United States Ann Trason
1996 Russia Moscow Russia Konstantin Santalov Russia Valentina Shatyeyeva
1997 Netherlands Winschoten Ukraine Sergey Yanenko Russia Valentina Lyakhova
1998 Japan Shimanto Russia Grigoriy Murzin United Kingdom Carolyn Hunter-Rowe
1999 France Chavagnes-en-Paillers United Kingdom Simon Pride Slovakia Anna Balosáková
2000 Netherlands Winschoten France Pascal Fétizon Hungary Edit Bérces
2001 France Cléder Japan Yasufumi Mikami Russia Yelvira Kolpakova
2002 Belgium Torhout Italy Mario Fattore Russia Tatyana Zhyrkova
2003 Taiwan Tainan Italy Mario Fattore Italy Monica Casiraghi
2004 Netherlands Winschoten Italy Mario Ardemagni Russia Tatyana Zhyrkova
2005 Japan Yubetsu/Saroma/Tokoro Russia Grigoriy Murzin Japan Hiroko Sho
2006 South Korea Misari France Yannick Djouadi United Kingdom Elizabeth Hawker
2007 Netherlands Winschoten Japan Shinichi Watanabe Japan Norimi Sakurai
2008 Italy Rome Italy Giorgio Calcaterra Russia Tatyana Zhirkova
2009 Belgium Torhout Japan Yasukazu Miyazato United States Kami Semick
2010 Gibraltar Gibraltar Japan Shinji Nakadai United Kingdom Ellie Greenwood
2011 Netherlands Winschoten Italy Giorgio Calcaterra Russia Marina Bychkova
2012 Italy Seregno Italy Giorgio Calcaterra United States Amy Sproston
2013 cancelled

IAU 24-Hour Run World Challenge

Year Location Champion (m) Champion (f)
2003 Netherlands Uden Belgium Paul Beckers 270.087 km Russia ru 237.052 km
2004 Czech Republic Brno Japan Ryōichi Sekiya 269.085 km Japan Sumie Inagaki 237.154 km
2005 Austria Wörschach Russia Anatoliy Kruglikov 268.065 km Russia Lyudmila Kalinina 242.228 km
2006 Taiwan Taipei
(commonly known as Taiwan)		 Japan Ryōichi Sekiya -2- 272.936 km Japan Sumie Inagaki -2- 237.144 km
2007 Canada Drummondville Japan Ryōichi Sekiya -3- 263.562 km Russia Lyudmila Kalinina -2- 236.848 km
2008 South Korea Seoul Japan Ryōichi Sekiya -4- 273.366 km France fr [Anne-Marie Vernet] 239.685 km
2009 Italy Bergamo Sweden Henrik Olsson 257.042 km France Anne-Cécile Fontaine 243.644 km
2010 France Brive-la-Gaillarde Japan Shingo Inoue 273.708 km France Anne-Cécile Fontaine -2- 239.797 km
2011 canceled[39] SwitzerlandBrugg, then TaiwanTaipei (commonly known as Taiwan)
2012 Poland Katowice [39] United States Mike Morton 277.543 km Czech Republic Michaela Dimitriadu 244.232 km
2013 Netherlands Steenbergen United States Jon Olsen 269.675 km Japan Mami Kudo 252.205 km

IAU World Best Performances

Men

Event Record Athlete Nationality Date Place Ref
50 km Road 2:43:38 Thompson Magawana  South Africa 12 April 1988 South Africa Claremont, South Africa [40]
50 km Track 2:48:06 Jeff Norman  United Kingdom 7 June 1980 United Kingdom Timperley, United Kingdom [40]
100 km Road 6:13:33 Takahiro Sunada  Japan 21 June 1998 Japan Yubetsu-Saroma-Tokoro, Japan [40]
100 km Track 6:10:20 Donald Ritchie  United Kingdom 28 Oct 1978 United Kingdom London, United Kingdom [40]
100miles Road 11.46.37 Yiannis Kouros  Greece 7/8 Nov 1984 United States Queens New York, USA [40]
100miles Track 11.28.03 Oleg Kharitonov  Russia 20 Oct 2002 United Kingdom London, United Kingdom [40]
100 miles Indoor 12.56.13 Donald Ritchie  United Kingdom 3/4 Feb 1990 United Kingdom Milton Keynes, United Kingdom [40]
6H Road 92.188 km Tomasz Chawawko  Poland 7 Mar 2004 Netherlands Stein, Netherland [40]
6H Track 97.200 km Donald Ritchie  United Kingdom 28 Oct 1978 United Kingdom London, United Kingdom [40]
6H Indoor 93.247 km Denis Zhalybin  Russia 7/8 Feb 2003 Russia Moscow, Russia [40]
12H Road 162.543 km Yiannis Kouros  Greece 7 Nov 1984 United States New York, USA [40]
12H Track 162.400 km Yiannis Kouros  Greece 15/16 Mar 1985 France Montauban, France [40]
12H Indoor 140.844 km Aleksander Korotkov  Russia 21/22 Feb 2004 Finland Lohja Citymarket, Finland [40]
24H Road 290.221 km Yiannis Kouros  Greece 2/3 May 1998 Switzerland Basel, Switzerland [40]
24H Track 303.506 km Yiannis Kouros  Greece 4/5 Oct 1997 Australia Adelaide, Australia [40]
24H Indoor 257.576 km Nikolai Safin  Russia 27/28 Feb 1993 Russia Podolsk, Russia [40]
48H Road 433.095 km Yiannis Kouros  Greece 2/3 May 1998 Switzerland Basel, Switzerland [40]
48H Track 473.495 km Yiannis Kouros  Greece 3–5 May 1996 France Surgeres, France [40]
48H Indoor 426.178 km Tony Mangan  Ireland 16 Mar 2007 Czech Republic Brno, Czeck [40]

Women

Event Record Athlete Nationality Date Place Ref
50 km Road 3:08:39 Frith Van Der Merwe  South Africa 25 March 1989 South Africa Claremont, South Africa [40]
50 km Track 3:18:52 Carol Hunter-Rowe  United Kingdom 3 March 1996 United Kingdom Barry, Wales United Kingdom [40]
100 km Road 6:33:11 Tomoe Abe  Japan 25 June 2000 Japan Yubetsu-Saroma-Tokoro, Japan [40]
100 km Track 7:14:06 Norimi Sakurai  Japan 27 Sept 2003 Italy Lupatotissima, Italy [40]
100miles Road 13.47.41 Ann Trason  United States 4 May 1991 United States Queens New York, USA [40]
100miles Track 14.25.45 Edit Berces  Hungary 21/22 Sept 2002 Italy Lupatoto, Italy [40]
100 miles Indoor 14.43.40 Eleanor Robinson  United Kingdom 3/4 Feb 1990 United Kingdom Milton Keynes, United Kingdom [40]
6H Road 82.838 km Ricarda Botzon  Germany 7 July 2001 Germany Kiel, Germany [40]
6H Track 83.200 km Norimi Sakurai  Japan 27 Sept 2003 Italy Lupatoto Verone, Italy [40]
6H Indoor 80.600 km Marina Bychkova  Russia 7/8 Feb 2003 Russia Moscow, Russia [40]
12H Road 144.840 km Ann Trason  United States 4 May 1991 United States Queens New York, USA [40]
12H Track 147.600 km Ann Trason  United States 3/4 Aug 1991 United States Hayward, USA [40]
12H Indoor 135.318 km Eleanor Robinson Adams  United Kingdom 3/4 Feb 1990 United Kingdom Milton Keynes, United Kingdom [40]
24H Road 247.076 km Lizzy Hawker  United Kingdom 23/24 Sep 2011 United Kingdom Llandudno, United Kingdom [40]
24H Track 254.425 km Mami Kudo(Kudou, Kudoh)  Japan 12/13 Dec 2009 Taiwan Soochow, Taipei [40]
24H Indoor 240.631 km Sumie Inagaki  Japan 29/30 Jan 2011 Finland Espoo, Finland [40]
48H Road 368.687 km Mami Kudo(Kudou, Kudoh)  Japan 8-10 Apr 2011 Greece Athens, Greece [40]
48H Track 397.103 km Sumie Inagaki  Japan 21–23 May 2010 France Surgeres, France [40]
48H Indoor 372.415 km Irina Reutovitch  Russia 22-24 Mar 2002 Czech Republic Brno, Czeck [40]

World or national-record holding or world-championship-winning ultramarathon runners

For reliable and updated information, see IAU(International Association of Ultrarunners) annual report of current world records on its newest "World's Best Performances" page in "statistics".

  • Yiannis Kouros, multi-day race legend, holder of numerous world records and world bests from 24 hours to 1,000 miles, course record holder of the Spartathlon since its inception in 1983
  • Takahiro Sunada, current men's 100 km Road world record holder (6:13:33, Saroma JP, 1998)[1][41]
  • Tomoe Abe, current women's 100 km Road world record holder (6:33:11, Saroma JP, 2000)[1][41]
  • Ryōichi Sekiya, four time IAU 24-hour run World Championship winner, Asia record holder of 24-hour run (274.884 kilometres (170.805 mi)),[41] two time winner of Spartathlon [42]
  • Shingo Inoue, 2010 winner of IAU 24-hour run World Championship (273.708 kilometres (170.074 miles))[41]
  • Mami Kudo, current women's 24h Track world record holder(255.303 kilometres (158.638 miles), Soochow TPE, 2011),[43] current women's 48h Road world record holder(368.687 kilometres (229.091 miles), Athens GRE, Apr 2011),[44] 2013 female winner of IAU 24-hour run World Championship[45]
  • Sumie Inagaki, current women's 24h Indoor world record holder (240.631 kilometres (149.521 miles) Espoo FIN, Jan 2011),[41] current women's 48h Track world record holder(397.103 kilometres (246.748 miles), Surgeres FRA, May 2010),[41] two time female winner of IAU 24-hour run World Championship, two time female winner of Spartathlon [42]
  • Norimi Sakurai, current women's 100 km Track world record holder (7:14:06, Lupatotissima ITA, Sep 2003),[41] current women's 6H Track world record holder(83.200 kilometres (51.698 miles), Lupatoto Verone ITA, Sept 2003),[41] 2007 female winner of IAU 24-hour run World Championship[45]
  • Suprabha Beckjord female and Wolfgang Schwerk male record holder 3100 mile Race [28]
  • Edit Berces, 24 hour treadmill world record holder; holds several Hungarian records
  • Ted Corbitt, "father of American ultrarunning"; 1952 US Olympic team member; former American world record holder at various distances
  • Bruce Fordyce, nine time Comrades Marathon winner; African 100K record holder (6:25:07)
  • Serge Girard, trans-USA (4,597 km – 1997), trans-South America (5,235 km – 2001), trans-Africa (8,295 km – 2003/2004) and trans-Eurasia (19,097 km – 2005/2006) record holder
  • Wally Hayward, Multiple winner of Comrades Marathon, London to Brighton, many other ultramarathons; set early world records
  • Bernd Heinrich, US 100 mile track record holder (12:27:01), naturalist
  • Shaul Ladany, Israeli racewalker, world record holder in the 50-mile walk, former world champion in the 100-kilometer walk[46][47]
  • Frith van der Merwe, set Comrades Marathon records for both directions
  • Stu Mittleman, US record holder for six-day race (578 miles)
  • Arthur F. H. Newton, 5 times Comrades Marathon winner
  • Ann Trason, thirteen time Western States Endurance Run winner and former female course record holder; holds numerous world records, including 100 mile (13:47:41 1991), 50 mile (5:40:18, 1991), and 12 Hours (147.6k, 1991); American 100k record holder (7:00:48)
  • Cliff Young, former winner Westfield Sydney to Melbourne; holds numerous world age records
  • Arun Bhardwaj, first Indian to compete in and win the George Archer 6 day race in South Africa, completed a 4,000+ km run from Kargil, India to Kanyakumari, India, in 61 days.
  • Connie Gardner, American Record Holder in the 24 hour event (149.368 miles (240.384 km))

Born to Run

In 2009, Christopher McDougall's book Born to Run was released. Written from both anthropological and scientific angles, this book is a story of an entire people of ultramarathoners. While other books had previously been written specifically about ultramarathons, McDougall made conclusions about humanity's roots in long distance running that were just controversial enough to excite the masses who had never heard of the sport. It quickly became a national bestseller and a Forbes and Washington Post book of the year, helping spread the idea of ultramarathons.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c "– 100 Kilometres Records". Iaaf.org. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
  2. ^ If the loop is less than 1 km, run direction changes every 2–4 (sometimes 6) hours
  3. ^ http://www.iau-ultramarathon.org/images/file/IAU%20100km%20World%20Cup%20Results%201987%20to%202008.pdf
  4. ^ http://marathons.ahotu.com/calendar/ultramarathon/japan
  5. ^ NHK team, 激走! 日本アルプス大縦断 密着、トランスジャパンアルプスレース富山~静岡415km, 26 Apr 2013, ISBN 978-4087815276
  6. ^ http://www.dreamnews.jp/press/0000072853/
  7. ^ RUNTRAIL editors, RUN+TRAIL vol.2 トレイルランレースをはじめよう ハセツネ/UTMF完走法 (SAN-EI MOOK),22 Aug 2012, ISBN 978-4779615627
  8. ^ http://www.irunfar.com/2013/04/2013-ultra-trail-mount-fuji-preview.html
  9. ^ http://info.japantimes.co.jp/works/ultra-trail-mount-fuji.html#.UxBgnfKYbIU
  10. ^ "The Bangalore Ultra". The Bangalore Ultra. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
  11. ^ "Big response for the Bangalore Marathon". The Hindu. 14 December 2007. Retrieved 28 April 2013. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  12. ^ "The Gobi March". 4 Deserts Official Website.
  13. ^ "Sundown Marathon". HiVelocity. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
  14. ^ "Nepal events". Trail Running Nepal.
  15. ^ "Everest Ultra". Everest Ultra. 30 March 2013. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
  16. ^ "Mongolia Sunrise to Sunset". Ms2s.org. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
  17. ^ "Sabah Adventure Races". Sabahadventurechallenge.com. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
  18. ^ "All Womens Ultra Marathon".
  19. ^ http://www.endurancesport.co.nz/feature.cfm?id=104 The most recent runner's being Lisa Tamati and Andrew Hedgman who both completed the challenge separately in 2009 and 2010
  20. ^ "Kokoda Challenge". Kokoda Trekking. Retrieved 24 June 2011.
  21. ^ Satherley, Dan (7 November 2012). "Two feet, 500km and no sleep for charity". 3 News NZ.
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  23. ^ Ultra-distance runner breaks record
  24. ^ "Feilding father breaks NZ running record". 3 News NZ. 5 April 2013.
  25. ^ Official Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc Web Site: UTMB – Profile and details
  26. ^ London to Brighton 2008 Results – available as a Google cache
  27. ^ "Antarctic Ice Marathon 2013". Icemarathon.com. 7 March 2013. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
  28. ^ a b c "srichinmoyraces.org / About the 3100 Mile Race". Retrieved 16 January 2013.
  29. ^ The official web site retrieved January 13, 2014
  30. ^ Ultramarathoner In Living Atlas Chile livingatlaschile.com January 3, 2014, retrieved January 13, 2014
  31. ^ The Atacama Crossing Race 29 januari 2013, Pieter at www.extrememarathonguide.com/ retrieved January 13, 2014
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  33. ^ Patagonian International Marathon Official website {en} patagonianinternationalmarathon.com retrieved January 13, 2014
  34. ^ Corre y reforesta la Patagonia chilena con la maratón de Torres del Paine Magdalena Araus Eldefinido.cl August 28, 2013
  35. ^ {en} Reforestemos Patagonia Tree Count reforestemospatagonia.clretrieved January 13, 2014
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  37. ^ http://saromanblue.jp/
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  39. ^ a b Final Update on the 24 Hour World Championships 2011
  40. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al "IAU World Best Performances" (PDF). Retrieved 5 October 2013.
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  42. ^ a b http://www.spartathlon.gr/en/results/finishers.html
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  45. ^ a b http://www.iau-ultramarathon.org/index.asp?menucode=h06-03&tmp=tmp3&taal=nl&submenux=Statistics&foto=photo7
  46. ^ "Shaul Ladany Bio, Stats, and Results | Olympics at". Sports-reference.com. Retrieved 24 February 2013.
  47. ^ "Shaul Ladany". Jewishsports.net. Retrieved 24 February 2013.
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