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South London

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South London
Boroughs of South London
Location of South London
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
CountryEngland
RegionLondon
ComprisesBexley, Bromley, Croydon, Greenwich, Kingston, Lambeth, Lewisham, Merton, Richmond, Southwark, Sutton and Wandsworth
Area
 • Total249.34 sq mi (645.78 km2)
Population
 • Total2,835,200
 • Density11,000/sq mi (4,400/km2)

South London is the southern part of London, England.

According to the 2011 official Boundary Commission for England definition,[1] the area includes the London boroughs of Bexley, Bromley, Croydon, Greenwich, Kingston, Lambeth, Lewisham, Merton, Richmond, Southwark, Sutton and Wandsworth.

Boundary Commission

The River Thames divides Greater London into two parts. The southern part includes the historic central areas of Southwark, Lambeth and Bankside and also maritime Greenwich. The area has only a small section of the London Underground network, but has a much more extensive suburban railway system than North London[2] and is the location of all of London's tram services.

This area is made up of the London boroughs of Bexley, Bromley, Croydon, Greenwich, Kingston, Lambeth, Lewisham, Merton, Richmond, Southwark, Sutton and Wandsworth. This definition is used by the Boundary Commission for England.[3] The London Borough of Richmond upon Thames includes sections on both sides of the River Thames and the boundary commission class the entire district as part of South London,[3] pairing it with Kingston upon Thames for the purposes of devising constituencies.[4]

In 1965 Greenwich, Lambeth, Lewisham, Southwark and Wandsworth were designated Inner London boroughs and Bexley, Bromley, Croydon, Kingston, Merton, Richmond and Sutton were designated Outer London boroughs.[5]

Planning sub-region

The current sub regions
The 2004-2008 sub regions

For the purposes of the London Plan, there was a South London sub-region in operation from 2004 to 2008 consisting of Bromley, Croydon, Kingston, Merton, Richmond and Sutton.[6] In 2001 this area had a population of 1,329,000.[7] This definition is used by organisations such as Connexions.[8]

Between 2008 and 2011 it was replaced with a South East sub-region consisting of Southwark, Lewisham, Greenwich, Bexley and Bromley and a South West sub-region consisting of Croydon, Kingston, Lambeth, Merton, Sutton, Richmond and Wandsworth.[9]

In 2011 a new South London region was created consisting of Bromley, Croydon, Kingston, Merton, Sutton and Wandsworth. Bexley, Greenwich and Lewisham now form part of the East London region, Richmond now lies within the West London region, and Lambeth and Southwark are part of the Central London region.

List of boroughs

South of London in 1800, the map shows Kennington, Camberwell, Peckham, Clapham, Brixton, Stockwell, Streatham Hill, Tooting, Dulwich, Brockley, Sydenham, Lewisham and Deptford.

This list includes all boroughs included in the Boundary Commission area:

London borough Postcode areas 2008 sub-region London Assembly[10]
Bexley DA, SE South East Bexley and Bromley
Bromley BR, DA, SE, TN South East Bexley and Bromley
Croydon CR, SE, SW South West Croydon and Sutton
Greenwich SE, DA, BR South East Greenwich and Lewisham
Kingston KT, SW, TW South West South West
Lambeth SE, SW South West Lambeth and Southwark
Lewisham SE, BR South East Greenwich and Lewisham
Merton CR, KT, SM, SW South West Merton and Wandsworth
Richmond SW, TW South West South West
Southwark SE South East Lambeth and Southwark
Sutton CR, KT, SM South West Croydon and Sutton
Wandsworth SW South West Merton and Wandsworth

Climate

South London is, like other parts of London and the UK in general, a temperate maritime climate according to the Köppen climate classification system. Three Met Office weather stations currently collect climate data south of the river; Kew, Hampton and Kenley Airfield, on the southern edge of the urban area.[11] Long term climate observations dating back to 1763[12] are available for Greenwich, although observations ceased here in 2003.

Temperatures increase towards the Thames, firstly because of the urban warming effect of the surrounding area, but secondly due to altitude decreasing towards the river, meaning the southern margins of South London are often a couple of degrees cooler than those areas adjacent to the Thames. Often snow can be seen to lie on the North Downs near Croydon when central London is snow free.

The record high temperature at Greenwich is 37.5 °C (99.5 °F) recorded during August 2003.[13] Sunshine is notably lower than other London area weather stations (by about 50–100 hours a year), suggesting Greenwich may be a fog trap in winter, and that the hillier land to the south may obscure early morning and late evening sunshine.

The highest temperature recorded across South London was 38.1 °C (100.6 °F) on the same occasion at Kew Gardens. Although the Met Office accepts a higher reading from Brogdale in Kent, many have questioned the accuracy of this[14] and regard the Kew reading as the most reliable highest UK temperature reading.

Climate data for Greenwich 7m asl 1971-2000,
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 7.9
(46.2) 		8.2
(46.8) 		10.9
(51.6) 		13.3
(55.9) 		17.2
(63.0) 		20.2
(68.4) 		22.8
(73.0) 		22.6
(72.7) 		19.3
(66.7) 		15.2
(59.4) 		10.9
(51.6) 		8.8
(47.8) 		14.8
(58.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 2.4
(36.3) 		2.2
(36.0) 		3.8
(38.8) 		5.2
(41.4) 		8.0
(46.4) 		11.1
(52.0) 		13.6
(56.5) 		13.3
(55.9) 		10.9
(51.6) 		8.0
(46.4) 		4.8
(40.6) 		3.3
(37.9) 		7.2
(45.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 51.9
(2.04) 		34.0
(1.34) 		42.0
(1.65) 		45.2
(1.78) 		47.2
(1.86) 		53.0
(2.09) 		38.3
(1.51) 		47.3
(1.86) 		56.9
(2.24) 		61.5
(2.42) 		52.3
(2.06) 		54.0
(2.13) 		583.6
(22.98)
Mean monthly sunshine hours 45.9 66.1 103.2 147.0 185.4 180.6 190.3 194.4 139.2 109.7 60.6 37.8 1,461
Source: MetOffice[15]

Associated organisations

See also

References

  1. ^ Boundary Commission for England, London - London 2011 amendment
  2. ^ Wolmar, Christian (2004). The Subterranean Railway: How the London Underground Was Built and How It Changed the City Forever. Atlantic Books. ISBN 1-84354-023-1.
  3. ^ a b Boundary Commission for England - South London Boroughs
  4. ^ http://www.official-documents.gov.uk/document/cm70/7032/7032_iii.pdf
  5. ^ Office of Public Sector Information - London Government Act 1963 (c.33) (as amended)
  6. ^ Greater London Authority, The London Plan: Sub-Regional Development Framework - South London
  7. ^ Greater London Authority, The London Plan: The Sub Regions
  8. ^ Connexions - South London
  9. ^ Greater London Authority - Draft Further Alterations to the London Plan
  10. ^ London Assembly - London Assembly Constituency Information. Retrieved on 22 February 2008.
  11. ^ "Station Locations". MetOffice.
  12. ^ "Greenwich Long term data". MetOffice.
  13. ^ "Greenwich 2003 Maximum". MetOffice.
  14. ^ "August 2003". Weather Journal.
  15. ^ "Greenwich 1971-2000". Met Office. Retrieved 23 Sep 2011.
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