Mass media in Germany
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Mass media of Germany includes a variety of online, print, and broadcast formats, such as radio, television, newspapers, and magazines.
History
The modern printing press developed in Mainz in the 15th century, and its innovative technology spread quickly throughout Europe and the world. In the 20th century period prior and during World War II, mass media propaganda in Nazi Germany was prevalent. Since the 1980s a "dual system of public and commercial" broadcasting has replaced the previous public system.[1]
Books
As of 2016, several houses in Germany rank among the world's biggest publishers of books in terms of revenue: Cornelsen Verlag, Haufe-Gruppe, Holtzbrinck Publishing Group, Ernst Klett Verlag, Springer Nature, WEKA Holding, and Westermann Druck- und Verlagsgruppe.[2] Overall, "Germany has some 2,000 publishing houses, and more than 90,000 titles reach the public each year, a production surpassed only by the United States."[1] Unusually, "book publishing is not centered in a single city but is concentrated fairly evenly in Berlin, Hamburg, and the regional metropolises of Cologne, Frankfurt, Stuttgart, and Munich."[1]
Magazines
Many in Germany read the weekly Der Spiegel.[1]
Newspapers
As of 2015, widely read national newspapers include Süddeutsche Zeitung, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Die Welt, and Bild.[3] "Germans are voracious readers of newspapers and periodicals.... The economic state of Germany’s several hundred newspapers and thousands of periodicals is enviably healthy. Most major cities support two or more daily newspapers, in addition to community periodicals, and few towns of any size are without their own daily newspaper."[1]
Radio
The first "radio program in Germany was broadcast on October 29, 1923, in Berlin."[3]
Television
See also
- Media in Germany by city
- Cinema of Germany
- Internet in Germany
- Telecommunications in Germany
- German literature
- Category:East German media, 1949–1990
References
- ^ a b c d e "Germany: Media and Publishing". Britannica.com. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
- ^ "World's 52 Largest Book Publishers, 2016", Publishers Weekly, US, 26 August 2016
- ^ a b Wilke 2015.
- This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.
Bibliography
- Euromedia Research Group; Mary Kelly; et al., eds. (2004). "Germany". Media in Europe (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN 978-0-7619-4132-3.
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- Mass Media, Culture and Society in Twentieth-Century Germany. Palgrave Macmillan. 2006. ISBN 978-0-230-80093-9.
- Jürgen Wilke (2015). "Germany: Media System". In Wolfgang Donsbach (ed.). Concise Encyclopedia of Communication. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-78923-0.
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- "Germany", Freedom of the Press, US: Freedom House, 2016, OCLC 57509361