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Shinmura Izuru

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Shinmura Izuru
Born(1876-10-04)October 4, 1876
 Japan Yamaguchi prefecture
DiedAugust 17, 1967(1967-08-17) (aged 90)
Other names新村 出
Occupationlinguist

Template:Japanese name Shinmura Izuru (新村 出, October 4, 1876 – August 17, 1967) was a Japanese linguist and essayist. He is best known for his many contributions to Japanese linguistics and lexicography. In honor of him, the Shinmura Izuru Prize is annually awarded for contributions to linguistics.

Background

Shinmura was born in Yamaguchi prefecture on October 4, 1876. He graduated from the Tokyo Imperial University in 1899 where he studied philology under the instruction of Ueda Kazutoshi. Between 1906 and 1909 he studied abroad in England, Germany, and France where he studied linguistics. In 1919 he received a Doctor of Letters.

Career

In 1902, Shimura taught at Tokyo Higher Normal School, and in 1904 at Tokyo Imperial University. After returning from studying abroad, he taught at Kyoto Imperial University for a number of years.

Shinmura introduced western linguists to Japan and created the fundamental framework upon which modern Kokugogaku rests. His research included a study of the historical development of the Japanese language, a comparative study of Japanese with the neighboring languages, and etymology. He also made important contributions to the study of 16–17th-century Christian missionaries in Japan.[1][2][3][4]

During his career, Shinmura compiled a number of Japanese dictionaries: Jien (辞苑, lit. "Garden of words") in 1935, Genrin (言林, lit. "Forest of words") in 1949, and Kōjien (広辞苑, lit. "Wide garden of words") in 1955, for which he is most known.[2][3]

In 1956 Shinmura was awarded the Order of Culture for his many contributions.[1][2][3]

Major works

  • Nanban Sarasa, Kaizōsha, 1924
  • Nanban Kōki, Iwanami Shoten, 1925
  • Tōhō Gengoshi Sōkō, Iwanami Shoten, 1927
  • Tōa Gogen Shi, Oka Shoin, 1930
  • Genrin, Zenkoku Shobō, 1949
  • Kōjien, Iwanami Shoten, 1955

Notes

  1. ^ a b Nihon Kokugo Daijiten (2000-2002)
  2. ^ a b c Nihon Rekishi Daijiten (2000)
  3. ^ a b c Britannica (2007)
  4. ^ My Pedia (2004)

References

  • Encyclopædia Britannica (in Japanese). Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 2007.
  • My Pedia (in Japanese). Heibonsha. 2004.
  • Nihon Kokugo Daijiten (in Japanese). Vol. 7. Shōgakukan. 2000–2002. ISBN 4-09-521007-9.
  • Nihon Rekishi Daijiten (in Japanese). Vol. 2. Shōgakukan. 2000–2001. ISBN 4-09-523002-9.
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